[Congressional Bills 117th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 1260 Reported in Senate (RS)]

<DOC>





                                                        Calendar No. 58
117th CONGRESS
  1st Session
                                S. 1260

  To establish a new Directorate for Technology and Innovation in the 
  National Science Foundation, to establish a regional technology hub 
    program, to require a strategy and report on economic security, 
  science, research, innovation, manufacturing, and job creation, to 
  establish a critical supply chain resiliency program, and for other 
                               purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                             April 20, 2021

   Mr. Schumer (for himself, Mr. Young, Ms. Hassan, Ms. Collins, Mr. 
Coons, Mr. Portman, Ms. Baldwin, Mr. Graham, Mr. Peters, Mr. Blunt, Mr. 
   Daines, Mr. Van Hollen, Mr. Romney, and Mr. Kelly) introduced the 
 following bill; which was read twice and referred to the Committee on 
                 Commerce, Science, and Transportation

                              May 13, 2021

              Reported by Ms. Cantwell, with an amendment
 [Strike out all after the enacting clause and insert the part printed 
                               in italic]

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
  To establish a new Directorate for Technology and Innovation in the 
  National Science Foundation, to establish a regional technology hub 
    program, to require a strategy and report on economic security, 
  science, research, innovation, manufacturing, and job creation, to 
  establish a critical supply chain resiliency program, and for other 
                               purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

<DELETED>SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    This Act may be cited as the ``Endless Frontier 
Act''.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 2. FINDINGS.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    Congress finds the following:</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) For over 70 years, the United States has been 
        the unequivocal global leader in scientific and technological 
        innovation, and as a result the people of the United States 
        have benefitted through good-paying jobs, economic prosperity, 
        and a higher quality of life.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) Today, however, this leadership 
                position is being eroded and challenged by foreign 
                competitors, some of which are stealing intellectual 
                property and trade secrets of the United States and 
                aggressively investing in research and 
                commercialization to dominate the key existing and 
                future technology fields.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) While the United States once led the 
                world in the share of our economy invested in research, 
                our Nation now ranks 9th globally in total research and 
                development and 12th in publicly financed research and 
                development.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) While wages for American workers rose 
                in parallel with growth in national productivity from 
                the end of World War II through most of the 1970s, 
                since then wage growth has been uneven and labor's 
                share in national income has declined.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Without a significant increase in investment 
        in research, education, technology transfer, intellectual 
        property, manufacturing, and other core strengths of the United 
        States innovation ecosystem, it is only a matter of time before 
        the global competitors of the United States overtake the United 
        States in terms of technological primacy. The country that wins 
        the race in key technologies--such as artificial intelligence, 
        quantum computing, advanced communications, and advanced 
        manufacturing--and uses technological innovation to support 
        high-quality jobs and incomes will be the superpower of the 
        future.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) The Federal Government must catalyze United 
        States innovation by boosting research investments focused on 
        discovering, creating, commercializing, and demonstrating new 
        technologies and manufacturing those technologies domestically 
        throughout the country to ensure the leadership of the United 
        States in the industries of the future.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (4) The distribution of innovation jobs and 
        investment in the United States has become largely concentrated 
        in just a few locations, while much of the Nation has been left 
        out of growth in the innovation sector. More than 90 percent of 
        the Nation's innovation sector employment growth in the last 15 
        years was generated in just 5 major metropolitan areas. The 
        Federal Government must address this imbalance in opportunity 
        by--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) dramatically increasing funding for 
                science and engineering research and expanding 
                partnerships with the private sector to build new 
                technology hubs across the country;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) spreading high-quality innovation 
                sector jobs more broadly;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) increasing the participation of 
                underrepresented populations, engaging workers, and 
                collaborating with labor organizations in innovation 
                efforts to tap the talent and potential of the entire 
                Nation to ensure the United States leads the industries 
                of the future; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (D) building regional capacity in such 
                critical areas as entrepreneurship, access to capital 
                and other investment, and supply chain 
                development.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (5) As President Franklin D. Roosevelt stated, 
        ``[N]ew frontiers of the mind are before us, and if they are 
        pioneered with the same vision, boldness, and drive with which 
        we have waged this war we can create a fuller and more fruitful 
        employment and a fuller and more fruitful life.''</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (6) As Vannevar Bush stated in his 1945 report 
        entitled Science, The Endless Frontier, ``New products, new 
        industries, and more jobs require continuous additions to 
        knowledge of the laws of nature, and the application of that 
        knowledge to practical purposes. Similarly, our defense against 
        aggression demands new knowledge so that we can develop new and 
        improved weapons. This essential, new knowledge can be obtained 
        only through basic scientific research.''</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (7) Since their inception, the National Science 
        Foundation and other key Federal agencies, like the Department 
        of Energy, have carried out vital work supporting basic and 
        applied research to create knowledge that is a key driver of 
        the economy of the United States and enhances the Nation's 
        security.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 3. IMPROVING TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION RESEARCH AT THE 
              NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) Providing Authority To Disseminate Information.--
Section 11 of the National Science Foundation Act of 1950 (42 U.S.C. 
1870) is amended--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) in subsection (j), by striking ``and'' after 
        the semicolon;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) in subsection (k), by striking the period at 
        the end and inserting ``; and''; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) by adding at the end the following:</DELETED>
<DELETED>    ``(l) provide for the widest practicable and appropriate 
dissemination of information within the United States concerning the 
Foundation's activities and the results thereof.''.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Establishment of Directorate for Technology and 
Innovation.--The National Science Foundation Act of 1950 (42 U.S.C. 
1861 et seq.) is amended--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) in section 8 (42 U.S.C. 1866), by inserting at 
        the end the following: ``Such divisions shall include the 
        Directorate for Technology and Innovation established under 
        section 8A.''; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) by inserting after section 8 the 
        following:</DELETED>

<DELETED>``SEC. 8A. IMPROVING RESEARCH AND ESTABLISHING DIRECTORATE FOR 
              TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(1) Community college.--The term `community 
        college' has the meaning given the term `junior or community 
        college' in section 312(f) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 
        (20 U.S.C. 1058(f)).</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(2) Designated country.--The term `designated 
        country' means a country that has been approved and designated 
        in writing by the President for purposes of this section, after 
        providing--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(A) not less than 30 days of advance 
                notification and explanation to the relevant 
                congressional committees before the designation; 
                and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(B) in-person briefings to such 
                committees, if requested during the 30-day advance 
                notification period described in subparagraph 
                (A).</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(3) Directorate.--The term `Directorate' means 
        the Directorate for Technology and Innovation established under 
        subsection (b).</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(4) Emerging research institution.--The term 
        `emerging research institution' means an institution of higher 
        education with an established undergraduate student program 
        that has, on average for the 3 years prior to an application 
        for an award under this section, received less than $35,000,000 
        in Federal research funding.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(5) Federal research facility.--The term 
        `Federal research facility' includes a research laboratory of 
        the Department of Agriculture and any other federally funded 
        research and development center.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(6) Historically black college or university.--
        The term `historically Black college or university' has the 
        meaning given the term `part B institution' in section 322 of 
        the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1061).</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(7) Institution of higher education.--The term 
        `institution of higher education' has the meaning given the 
        term in section 101(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
        U.S.C. 1001(a)).</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(8) Key technology focus areas.--The term `key 
        technology focus areas' means the areas included on the most 
        recent list under subsection (d)(2).</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(9) Labor organization.--The term `labor 
        organization' has the meaning given the term in section 2(5) of 
        the National Labor Relations Act (29 U.S.C. 152(5)), except 
        that such term shall also include--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(A) any organization composed of labor 
                organizations, such as a labor union federation or a 
                State or municipal labor body; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(B) any organization which would be 
                included in the definition for such term under such 
                section 2(5) but for the fact that the organization 
                represents--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(i) individuals employed by the 
                        United States, any wholly owned Government 
                        corporation, any Federal Reserve Bank, or any 
                        State or political subdivision 
                        thereof;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(ii) individuals employed by 
                        persons subject to the Railway Labor Act (45 
                        U.S.C. 151 et seq.); or</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(iii) individuals employed as 
                        agricultural laborers.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(10) Minority-serving institution.--The term 
        `minority-serving institution' means an institution described 
        in section 371(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
        U.S.C. 1067q(a)).</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(11) National laboratory.--The term `National 
        Laboratory' has the meaning given the term in section 2 of the 
        Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 15801).</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(12) Relevant congressional committees.--The 
        term `relevant congressional committees' means--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(A) the Committee on Armed Services, the 
                Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, the 
                Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, the 
                Committee on Appropriations, the Committee on Foreign 
                Relations, the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, 
                and Pensions, and the Select Committee on Intelligence 
                of the Senate; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(B) the Committee on Armed Services, the 
                Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, the 
                Committee on Appropriations, the Committee on Foreign 
                Affairs, and the Permanent Select Committee on 
                Intelligence of the House of Representatives.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(13) STEM.--The term `STEM' has the meaning 
        given such term in section 2 of the America COMPETES 
        Reauthorization Act of 2010 (Public Law 111-358; 42 U.S.C. 6621 
        note).</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(14) Tribal college or university.--The term 
        `Tribal college or university' has the meaning given the term 
        in section 316(b)(3) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
        U.S.C. 1059c(b)(3)).</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(15) Underrepresented populations.--The term 
        `underrepresented populations' means women, minorities, 
        veterans, tribal populations, persons with disabilities, and 
        other populations that are underrepresented in STEM.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    ``(b) Establishment of Directorate for Technology and 
Innovation.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(1) In general.--Not later than 90 days after 
        the date of enactment of the Endless Frontier Act, the Director 
        shall establish in the Foundation a Directorate for Technology 
        and Innovation. The Directorate shall carry out the duties and 
        responsibilities described in this section, in order to further 
        the following goals:</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(A) Strengthening the leadership of the 
                United States in critical technologies, as described as 
                a critical national need in section 7018 of the America 
                COMPETES Act (42 U.S.C. 1862o-5), through basic 
                research in the key technology focus areas and the 
                commercialization of those technologies to businesses 
                in the United States.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(B) Addressing and mitigating technology 
                challenges integral to the geostrategic position of the 
                United States through the activities authorized by this 
                section.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(C) Enhancing the competitiveness of the 
                United States in the key technology focus areas by 
                improving education in the key technology focus areas 
                and attracting more students to such areas at all 
                levels of education.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(D) Consistent with the mission and 
                operations of the Foundation, fostering the economic 
                and societal impact of federally funded research and 
                development through an accelerated translation of basic 
                advances in the key technology focus areas into 
                processes and products, known as technology transfer, 
                that can help achieve national goals related to 
                economic competitiveness, domestic manufacturing, 
                national security, shared prosperity, energy and the 
                environment, health, education and workforce 
                development, and transportation.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(E) Utilizing the full potential of the 
                United States workforce by encouraging broader 
                participation in key technology focus areas by 
                underrepresented populations.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(F) Ensuring the programmatic work of 
                the Directorate and Foundation incorporates a workforce 
                perspective from labor organizations and workforce 
                training organizations.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(2) Organization and administrative matters.--
        </DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(A) Program managers.--The employees of 
                the Directorate may include program managers for the 
                key technology focus areas, who may perform a role 
                similar to program managers employed by the Defense 
                Advanced Research Projects Agency for the oversight and 
                selection of programs supported by the 
                Directorate.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(B) Selection of recipients.--Recipients 
                of support under the programs and activities of the 
                Directorate shall be selected by program managers or 
                other employees of the Directorate and the selection 
                criteria for financial assistance awards shall include 
                intellectual merit and broader impacts, including 
                economic impacts on the advanced technology production 
                system of the United States. The Directorate may use a 
                peer review process or the authorities provided under 
                subsection (c), or some combination of such process and 
                authorities, to inform the selection of award 
                recipients.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(C) Report.--Not later than 1 year after 
                the date of enactment of the Endless Frontier Act, the 
                Director shall prepare and submit a report to the 
                relevant congressional committees regarding the use of 
                alternative methods for the selection of recipients and 
                the distribution of funding to recipients as compared 
                to the traditional peer review process.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(D) Assistant directors.--The Director 
                shall appoint an Assistant Director for the 
                Directorate, in the same manner as other Assistant 
                Directors of the Foundation are appointed.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(3) Report.--Not later than 120 days after the 
        date of enactment of the Endless Frontier Act, the Director 
        shall prepare and submit a report to the relevant congressional 
        committees regarding the establishment of the 
        Directorate.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    ``(c) Personnel Management Authorities for the 
Foundation.--In addition to the authorities and requirements of section 
15, the Director shall have the following authorities:</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(1) Experts in science and engineering.--The 
        Director shall have the authority to carry out a program of 
        personnel management authority in the same manner, and subject 
        to the same requirements, as the program of personnel 
        management authority authorized for the Director of the Defense 
        Advanced Research Projects Agency under section 1599h of title 
        10, United States Code, for the Defense Advanced Research 
        Projects Agency.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(2) Highly qualified experts in needed 
        occupations.--In addition to the authority provided under 
        paragraph (1), the Director shall have the authority to carry 
        out a program of personnel management authority in the same 
        manner, and subject to the same requirements, as the program to 
        attract highly qualified experts carried out by the Secretary 
        of Defense under section 9903 of title 5, United States Code. 
        Individuals hired by the Director through such authority shall 
        include individuals with expertise in business creativity, 
        innovation management, design thinking, entrepreneurship, 
        venture capital, and related fields.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(3) Additional hiring authority.--To the extent 
        needed to carry out the duties in paragraph (1), the Director 
        is authorized to utilize hiring authorities under section 3372 
        of title 5, United States Code, to staff the Directorate with 
        employees from other Federal agencies, State and local 
        governments, Indian Tribes and Tribal organizations, 
        institutions of higher education, and other organizations, as 
        described in that section, in the same manner and subject to 
        the same conditions, that apply to such individuals utilized to 
        accomplish other missions of the Foundation.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    ``(d) Duties and Functions of the Directorate.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(1) Development of technology focus of the 
        directorate.--The Director shall--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(A) through the Directorate, advance 
                innovation in the key technology focus areas through 
                basic and translational research and other activities 
                described in this section;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(B) develop and implement strategies to 
                ensure that the activities of the Directorate are 
                directed toward the key technology focus areas in order 
                to accomplish the goals described in subsection (b)(1) 
                consistent with the most recent report conducted under 
                section 5(b) of the Endless Frontier Act; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(C) develop and focus on innovation 
                methods, processes, and promising practices that can 
                affect the speed and effectiveness of innovation 
                processes at scale.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(2) Key technology focus areas.--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(A) Initial list.--The initial key 
                technology focus areas are--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(i) artificial intelligence, 
                        machine learning, and other software 
                        advances;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(ii) high performance computing, 
                        semiconductors, and advanced computer 
                        hardware;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(iii) quantum computing and 
                        information systems;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(iv) robotics, automation, and 
                        advanced manufacturing;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(v) natural and anthropogenic 
                        disaster prevention or mitigation;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(vi) advanced communications 
                        technology;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(vii) biotechnology, medical 
                        technology, genomics, and synthetic 
                        biology;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(viii) cybersecurity, data 
                        storage, and data management 
                        technologies;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(ix) advanced energy, batteries, 
                        and industrial efficiency; and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(x) advanced materials science, 
                        engineering, and exploration relevant to the 
                        other key technology focus areas described in 
                        this subparagraph.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(B) Review of key technology focus areas 
                and subsequent lists.--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(i) Adding or deleting key 
                        technology focus areas.--Beginning on the date 
                        that is 3 years after the date of enactment of 
                        the Endless Frontier Act, and every 3 years 
                        thereafter, the Director, in coordination with 
                        the Director of the Office of Science and 
                        Technology Policy, the Director of National 
                        Institute of Standards and Technology, the 
                        Secretary of Energy, the Secretary of Defense, 
                        the Director of the National Institutes of 
                        Health, and, as appropriate, the heads of other 
                        departments and agencies--</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    ``(I) shall review the 
                                list of key technology focus 
                                areas;</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    ``(II) may consider the 
                                challenges and recommendations 
                                identified in the report required by 
                                section 11 of the Endless Frontier Act; 
                                and</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    ``(III) as part of that 
                                review, may add or delete key 
                                technology focus areas if societal 
                                challenges or the competitive threats 
                                to the United States have shifted 
                                (whether because the United States or 
                                other nations have advanced or fallen 
                                behind in a technological area), 
                                subject to clause (ii).</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(ii) Limit on key technology 
                        focus areas.--Not more than 10 key technology 
                        focus areas shall be included on the list of 
                        key technology focus areas at any 
                        time.</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(iii) Updating focus areas and 
                        distribution.--Prior to completion of each 
                        review under this subparagraph, the Director 
                        shall make the list of key technology focus 
                        areas readily available to the public and 
                        available for public comment, including, at a 
                        minimum, by publishing the list in the Federal 
                        Register even if no changes are expected to be 
                        made to the prior list.</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(iv) Extraordinary circumstance 
                        waiver.--In extraordinary circumstances, the 
                        Director of the Office of Science and 
                        Technology Policy may grant the Director the 
                        ability to add or delete key technology focus 
                        areas without acting in coordination as 
                        described in clause (i). If such an ability is 
                        determined to be necessary by the Director of 
                        the Office of Science and Technology Policy, 
                        the Director and the Director of the Office of 
                        Science and Technology Policy shall not later 
                        than 15 days ahead of such a waiver being 
                        granted submit a detailed description and 
                        justification to the relevant congressional 
                        committees.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(3) Activities.--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(A) In general.--In carrying out the 
                duties and functions of the Directorate, the Director--
                </DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(i) may make awards in a 
                        technologically neutral manner for key 
                        technology focus areas to--</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    ``(I) individual 
                                institutions of higher education for 
                                work at centers or by individual 
                                researchers or teams of 
                                researchers;</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    ``(II) not-for-profit 
                                entities; and</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    ``(III) consortia that--
                                </DELETED>
                                        <DELETED>    ``(aa) shall 
                                        include and be led by an 
                                        institution of higher 
                                        education, or by a not-for-
                                        profit entity designed to 
                                        support technology development, 
                                        and may include 1 or more 
                                        additional institutions of 
                                        higher education;</DELETED>
                                        <DELETED>    ``(bb) shall 
                                        include at least one of the 
                                        following:</DELETED>

                                                <DELETED>    ``(AA) a 
                                                historically Black 
                                                college or 
                                                university;</DELETED>

                                                <DELETED>    ``(BB) a 
                                                Tribal College or 
                                                University;</DELETED>

                                                <DELETED>    ``(CC) 
                                                another minority-
                                                serving 
                                                institution;</DELETED>

                                                <DELETED>    ``(DD) an 
                                                institution that 
                                                participates in the 
                                                Established Program to 
                                                Stimulate Competitive 
                                                Research under section 
                                                113 of the National 
                                                Science Foundation 
                                                Authorization Act of 
                                                1988 (42 U.S.C. 
                                                1862g);</DELETED>

                                                <DELETED>    ``(EE) an 
                                                emerging research 
                                                institution that is not 
                                                classified as a very 
                                                high research activity 
                                                by the Carnegie 
                                                Classification of 
                                                Institutions of Higher 
                                                Education and that has 
                                                an undergraduate 
                                                enrollment with a 
                                                majority of students 
                                                who are from 
                                                underrepresented 
                                                populations; 
                                                or</DELETED>

                                                <DELETED>    ``(FF) a 
                                                community college; 
                                                and</DELETED>

                                        <DELETED>    ``(cc) may include 
                                        1 or more--</DELETED>

                                                <DELETED>    ``(AA) 
                                                entities described in 
                                                subclause (I) or (II) 
                                                and industries, 
                                                including startups, 
                                                small businesses, and 
                                                public-private 
                                                partnerships;</DELETED>

                                                <DELETED>    ``(BB) 
                                                economic development 
                                                organizations or 
                                                venture development 
                                                organizations, as such 
                                                term is defined in 
                                                section 28(a) of the 
                                                Stevenson-Wydler 
                                                Technology Innovation 
                                                Act of 1980;</DELETED>

                                                <DELETED>    ``(CC) 
                                                National 
                                                Laboratories;</DELETED>

                                                <DELETED>    ``(DD) 
                                                Federal laboratories, 
                                                as defined in section 4 
                                                of the Stevenson-Wydler 
                                                Technology Innovation 
                                                Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 
                                                3703);</DELETED>

                                                <DELETED>    ``(EE) 
                                                Federal research 
                                                facilities;</DELETED>

                                                <DELETED>    ``(FF) 
                                                labor 
                                                organizations;</DELETED>

                                                <DELETED>    ``(GG) 
                                                entities described in 
                                                subclause (I) or (II) 
                                                from allied or partner 
                                                countries;</DELETED>

                                                <DELETED>    ``(HH) 
                                                other entities if 
                                                determined by the 
                                                Director to be vital to 
                                                the success of the 
                                                program; and</DELETED>

                                                <DELETED>    ``(II) 
                                                binational research and 
                                                development foundations 
                                                and funds, excluding 
                                                foreign entities of 
                                                concern;</DELETED>

                        <DELETED>    ``(ii) may partner with other 
                        directorates of the Foundation for projects or 
                        research, including--</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    ``(I) to pursue basic 
                                questions about natural, human, and 
                                physical phenomena that could enable 
                                advances in the key technology focus 
                                areas;</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    ``(II) to study questions 
                                that could affect the design (including 
                                human interfaces), operation, 
                                deployment, or the social and ethical 
                                consequences of technologies in the key 
                                technology focus areas, including the 
                                development of technologies that 
                                complement or enhance the abilities of 
                                workers and impact of specific 
                                innovations on domestic jobs and 
                                equitable opportunity; and</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    ``(III) to further the 
                                creation of a domestic workforce 
                                capable of advancing, using, and 
                                adapting to key technology focus areas 
                                and understanding and improving the 
                                impact of key technology focus areas on 
                                STEM teaching and learning advancing 
                                the key technology focus areas, 
                                including engaging relevant partners in 
                                research and innovation 
                                programs;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(iii) may provide funds to any 
                        other Federal agencies for intramural or 
                        extramural work in the key technology focus 
                        areas through research, manufacturing, or other 
                        means;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(iv) may make awards under the 
                        SBIR and STTR programs (as defined in section 
                        9(e) of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 
                        638(e))); and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(v) may enter into and perform 
                        such contracts, other transactions, or other 
                        arrangements, or modifications thereof, as may 
                        be necessary in the conduct of the work of the 
                        Directorate and on such terms as the Director 
                        considers appropriate, in furtherance of the 
                        purposes of this Act.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(B) Reports.--Not later than 180 days 
                after the date of enactment of the Endless Frontier 
                Act, the Director, in coordination with the Secretary 
                of State and the Director of the Office of Science and 
                Technology Policy, shall prepare and submit to the 
                relevant congressional committees--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(i) a plan to seek out 
                        additional investments from--</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    ``(I) certain designated 
                                countries; and</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    ``(II) entities other than 
                                institutions of higher education; 
                                and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(ii) the planned activities of 
                        the Directorate to secure federally funded 
                        science and technology pursuant to section 1746 
                        of the National Defense Authorization Act for 
                        Fiscal Year 2020 (Public Law 116-92) and 
                        section 223 of William M. (Mac) Thornberry 
                        National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal 
                        Year 2021 (Public Law 116-283).</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(C) Annual briefing.--Each year, the 
                Director shall formally request a briefing from the 
                Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of Commerce, the 
                Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, the 
                Director of National Intelligence, and as appropriate 
                other department or agency heads regarding their 
                efforts to preserve the United States advantages 
                generated by the activity of the Directorate.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(4) Interagency cooperation.--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(A) In general.--In carrying out this 
                section, the Director and other Federal research 
                agencies, in consultation with the United States Patent 
                and Trademark Office where appropriate, shall work 
                cooperatively with each other to further the goals of 
                this section in the key technology focus 
                areas.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(B) Coordination with nist and 
                department of energy.--In making research awards under 
                this section, the Director shall, as appropriate, work 
                in coordination with the Director of the National 
                Institute of Standards and Technology and the Secretary 
                of Energy.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(C) Comptroller general report.--Each 
                year, the Comptroller General of the United States 
                shall prepare and submit a report to Congress, and 
                shall simultaneously submit the report to the Director 
                and the Director of the Office of Science and 
                Technology Policy, describing the interagency 
                cooperation that occurred during the preceding year 
                pursuant to this paragraph, including a list of--
                </DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(i) any funds provided under 
                        paragraph (3)(A)(ii) to other divisions of the 
                        Foundation; and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(ii) any funds provided under 
                        paragraph (3)(A)(iii) to other Federal research 
                        agencies.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(5) Providing scholarships, fellowships, and 
        other student support.--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(A) In general.--The Director, acting 
                through the Directorate, shall fund undergraduate 
                scholarships (including at community colleges), 
                graduate fellowships and traineeships, and postdoctoral 
                awards in the key technology focus areas.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(B) Implementation.--The Director may 
                carry out subparagraph (A) by providing funds--
                </DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(i) for making awards--
                        </DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    ``(I) directly to 
                                students; and</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    ``(II) to institutions of 
                                higher education or consortia of 
                                institutions of higher education, 
                                including those institutions or 
                                consortia involved in operating 
                                university technology centers 
                                established under paragraph (6); 
                                and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(ii) to programs in Federal 
                        research agencies that have experience awarding 
                        such scholarships, fellowships, traineeships, 
                        or postdoctoral awards.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(C) Broadening participation.--In 
                carrying out this paragraph, the Director should work 
                to increase the participation of underrepresented 
                populations in fields related to the key technology 
                focus areas. For that purpose, the Director may take 
                such steps as establishing or augmenting programs 
                targeted at underrepresented populations, and 
                supporting traineeships or other relevant programs at 
                institutions of higher education with high enrollments 
                of underrepresented populations.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(D) Innovation.--In carrying out this 
                paragraph, the Director shall encourage innovation in 
                graduate education, including through encouraging 
                institutions of higher education to offer graduate 
                students opportunities to gain experience in industry 
                or government as part of their graduate training, and 
                through support for students in professional masters 
                programs related to the key technology focus 
                areas.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(E) Supplement, not supplant.--The 
                Director shall ensure that funds made available under 
                this paragraph shall be used to create additional 
                support for postsecondary students and shall not 
                displace funding for any other available 
                support.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(6) University technology centers.--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(A) In general.--From amounts made 
                available to the Directorate, the Director shall, 
                through a competitive application and selection 
                process, make awards to institutions of higher 
                education or consortia described in paragraph 
                (3)(A)(i)(III) to establish university technology 
                centers.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(B) Uses of funds.--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(i) In general.--A center 
                        established under an award under subparagraph 
                        (A)--</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    ``(I) shall use support 
                                provided under such subparagraph--
                                </DELETED>
                                        <DELETED>    ``(aa) to carry 
                                        out basic and translational 
                                        research to advance innovation 
                                        in the key technology focus 
                                        areas; and</DELETED>
                                        <DELETED>    ``(bb) to further 
                                        the development and 
                                        commercialization of 
                                        innovations, including 
                                        inventions, in the key 
                                        technology focus areas, 
                                        including--</DELETED>

                                                <DELETED>    ``(AA) 
                                                innovations derived 
                                                from research carried 
                                                out under item (aa), 
                                                through such activities 
                                                as translational 
                                                research, proof-of-
                                                concept development, 
                                                and prototyping, in 
                                                order to reduce the 
                                                cost, time, and risk of 
                                                commercializing new 
                                                technologies;</DELETED>

                                                <DELETED>    ``(BB) to 
                                                promote patenting and 
                                                commercialization of 
                                                inventions derived from 
                                                research carried out 
                                                under item (aa); 
                                                and</DELETED>

                                                <DELETED>    ``(CC) 
                                                through the use of 
                                                public-private 
                                                partnerships; 
                                                and</DELETED>

                                <DELETED>    ``(II) may use support 
                                provided under such subparagraph--
                                </DELETED>
                                        <DELETED>    ``(aa) for the 
                                        costs of equipment;</DELETED>
                                        <DELETED>    ``(bb) for the 
                                        costs associated with 
                                        technology transfer and 
                                        commercialization, including 
                                        patenting and licensing; 
                                        or</DELETED>
                                        <DELETED>    ``(cc) for other 
                                        activities or costs necessary 
                                        to accomplish the purposes of 
                                        this section, including for 
                                        operations and staff.</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(ii) Support of regional 
                        technology hubs.--Each center established under 
                        subparagraph (A) may support and participate 
                        in, as appropriate, the activities of any 
                        regional technology hub designated under 
                        section 28(b)(1)(A) of the Stevenson-Wydler 
                        Technology Innovation Act of 1980.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(C) Selection process.--In selecting 
                recipients under this paragraph, the Director shall 
                consider--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(i) the capacity of the 
                        applicant to pursue and advance basic and 
                        translational research;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(ii) the extent to which the 
                        applicant's proposed research would be likely 
                        to advance American competitiveness in 1 or 
                        more key technology focus areas;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(iii) the extent to which the 
                        applicant's proposal would broaden 
                        participation by underrepresented populations 
                        in those areas;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(iv) the capacity of the 
                        applicant to engage industry, labor, and other 
                        appropriate organizations on any 
                        advances;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(v) whether the applicant's 
                        proposed research will, where applicable, 
                        contribute to growth in domestic manufacturing 
                        capacity and job creation;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(vi) the quality of plans for 
                        dissemination of research and technology 
                        results, in accordance with relevant export 
                        control laws;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(vii) how the applicant will, 
                        where applicable, encourage the training and 
                        participation of entrepreneurs and the 
                        translation of research results to practice, 
                        including the development of new 
                        businesses;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(viii) how the applicant will 
                        encourage the participation of inventors and 
                        entrepreneurs and the development of new 
                        businesses, where applicable;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(ix) regional and geographic 
                        diversity;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(x) in the case of a consortium, 
                        the extent to which the proposal includes 
                        institutions listed in paragraph 
                        (3)(A)(i)(III)(bb); and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(xi) the amount of funds from 
                        industry organizations described in 
                        subparagraph (D)(ii) the applicant would use 
                        towards establishing the center under 
                        subparagraph (A).</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(D) Requirements.--The Director shall 
                ensure that any institution of higher education or 
                consortium receiving an award under subparagraph (A) 
                has--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(i) the capacity or the ability 
                        to acquire the capacity to advance the goals 
                        described in subsection (b)(1); and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(ii) secured contributions for 
                        establishing the center under subparagraph (A) 
                        from industry organizations in an amount not 
                        less than 10 percent of the total amount of the 
                        award the institution or consortium would 
                        receive under subparagraph (A).</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(7) Moving technology from laboratory to 
        market.--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(A) Program authorized.--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(i) In general.--The Director, 
                        in coordination with the Director of the 
                        National Institute of Standards and Technology, 
                        shall establish a program in the Directorate to 
                        make awards, on a competitive basis, to 
                        institutions of higher education or consortia 
                        described in paragraph (3)(A)(i)(III)--
                        </DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    ``(I) to build capacity at 
                                an institution of higher education or 
                                within the consortium and facilitate 
                                collaboration with firms in the key 
                                technology focus areas to increase the 
                                likelihood that new technologies in the 
                                key technology focus areas will succeed 
                                in the commercial market; and</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    ``(II) with the goal of 
                                promoting experiments with a range of 
                                models that institutions of higher 
                                education or consortia could use to--
                                </DELETED>
                                        <DELETED>    ``(aa) enable new 
                                        technologies and inventions to 
                                        mature to the point where the 
                                        technologies are more likely to 
                                        succeed in the commercial 
                                        market and promote the creation 
                                        of high-quality jobs in the 
                                        United States; and</DELETED>
                                        <DELETED>    ``(bb) reduce the 
                                        risks to commercial success for 
                                        new technologies and inventions 
                                        earlier in their 
                                        development.</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(ii) Use for training.--An award 
                        under this subparagraph for a purpose described 
                        in subclause (I) or (II) of clause (i) may also 
                        enable the institution of higher education or 
                        consortium to provide training and support to 
                        scientists, engineers, and inventors who are 
                        interested in research, technology transfer, 
                        and commercialization, including patenting and 
                        licensing, if the use is included in the 
                        proposal submitted under subparagraph 
                        (B).</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(B) Proposals.--An institution of higher 
                education or consortium desiring an award under this 
                paragraph shall submit a proposal to the Director at 
                such time, in such manner, and containing such 
                information as the Director may require. The proposal 
                shall include a description of--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(i) the broader impact of the 
                        proposal;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(ii) the steps the applicant is 
                        studying or will take to enable technology 
                        transfer to reduce the risks for 
                        commercialization for new technologies, 
                        including how the applicant will collaborate 
                        with firms in the key technology focus 
                        areas;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(iii) why such steps are likely 
                        to be effective;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(iv) how such steps differ from 
                        previous efforts to reduce the risks for 
                        commercialization for new 
                        technologies;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(v) whether the commercial 
                        viability of any new technologies will promote 
                        the creation of high-quality jobs in the United 
                        States;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(vi) how the applicant will, 
                        where applicable, encourage the participation 
                        of inventors and entrepreneurs and the 
                        development of new businesses; and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(vii) how the applicant will, 
                        where applicable, encourage the training and 
                        participation of entrepreneurs and the 
                        translation of research results to practice, 
                        including the development of new 
                        businesses.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(C) Use of funds.--A recipient of an 
                award under this paragraph shall use award funds to 
                reduce the risks for commercialization for new 
                technologies, which may include--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(i) creating and funding 
                        competitions to allow entrepreneurial ideas 
                        from institutions of higher education or 
                        consortia described in paragraph (3)(A)(i)(III) 
                        to illustrate their commercialization 
                        potential;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(ii) facilitating relationships 
                        among local and national business leaders, 
                        including investors, and potential 
                        entrepreneurs to encourage successful 
                        commercialization;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(iii) creating or supporting 
                        entities that could enable researchers to 
                        further develop new technology, through patient 
                        capital investment, advice, staff support, or 
                        other means;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(iv) providing facilities for 
                        start-up companies where technology maturation 
                        could occur;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(v) covering legal and other 
                        fees associated with technology transfer and 
                        commercialization, including patenting and 
                        licensing; and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(vi) revising institution 
                        policies, including policies related to 
                        intellectual property and faculty 
                        entrepreneurship, to accomplish the goals of 
                        this paragraph.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(D) Reporting on commercialization based 
                on metrics.--The Director shall establish--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(i) metrics related to 
                        commercialization for an award under this 
                        paragraph; and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(ii) a reporting schedule for 
                        recipients of such awards that takes into 
                        account both short- and long-term goals of the 
                        program under this paragraph.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(8) Test beds.--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(A) Program authorized.--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(i) In general.--The Director, 
                        in coordination with the Director of the 
                        National Institute of Standards and Technology, 
                        shall establish a program in the Directorate to 
                        make awards, on a competitive basis, to 
                        institutions of higher education or consortia 
                        described in paragraph (3)(A)(i)(III) to 
                        establish and operate test beds and fabrication 
                        facilities to advance the operation, 
                        integration, deployment, and, as appropriate, 
                        manufacturing of new, innovative technologies 
                        in the key technology focus areas, which may 
                        include hardware or software. The goal of such 
                        test beds and facilities shall be to accelerate 
                        the movement of innovative technologies into 
                        the commercial market through the private 
                        sector.</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(ii) Coordination.--In 
                        establishing the program under clause (i), the 
                        Director shall ensure coordination in 
                        establishing new test beds under this paragraph 
                        with other test beds supported by the 
                        Foundation or established under Manufacturing 
                        USA to avoid duplication and maximize the use 
                        of Federal resources.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(B) Proposals.--A proposal submitted 
                under this paragraph shall, at a minimum, describe--
                </DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(i)(I) the technology or 
                        technologies that will be the focus of the test 
                        bed or fabrication facility;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(II) the goals of the work to be 
                        done at the test bed or facility; and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(III) the expected schedule for 
                        completing that work;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(ii) how the applicant will 
                        assemble a workforce with the skills needed to 
                        operate the test bed or facility;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(iii) how the applicant will 
                        ensure broad access to the facility;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(iv) how the applicant will 
                        collaborate with firms in the key technology 
                        focus areas, including through coordinated 
                        research and development and funding, to ensure 
                        that work in the test bed or facility will 
                        contribute to the commercial viability of any 
                        technologies and will include collaboration 
                        from industry and labor 
                        organizations;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(v) how the applicant will 
                        encourage the participation of inventors and 
                        entrepreneurs and the development of new 
                        businesses;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(vi) how the applicant will 
                        increase participation by underrepresented 
                        populations;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(vii) how the applicant will 
                        demonstrate that the commercial viability of 
                        any new technologies will support the creation 
                        of high-quality domestic jobs;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(viii) how the test bed or 
                        facility will operate after Federal funding has 
                        ended; and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(ix) how the test bed will 
                        disseminate lessons and other technical 
                        information to United States firms or allied or 
                        partner country firms in the United 
                        States.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(C) Awards.--Awards made under this 
                paragraph shall be for 7 years, with the possibility of 
                5-year extensions.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(D) Authorized use of funds.--An awardee 
                under this paragraph may, in order to achieve the 
                purposes described in subparagraph (A)(i), use the 
                award for the purchase of equipment, the support of 
                graduate students and postdoctoral researchers, and the 
                salaries of staff.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(E) Results.--An awardee under this 
                paragraph may publish and share with the public the 
                results of the work conducted under this 
                paragraph.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(F) Interagency semi-annual meetings.--
                The Director, the Director of the National Institute of 
                Standards and Technology, and the heads of other 
                departments and agencies, or their designees, with test 
                bed related equities shall hold an annual meeting to 
                coordinate their respective test bed related 
                investments, future years plan, and other appropriate 
                matters, to avoid conflicts and duplication of efforts. 
                Upon request by Congress, Congress shall be briefed on 
                the results of the meetings.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(9) Inapplicability.--Section 5(e)(1) shall not 
        apply to grants, contracts, awards, or other arrangements made 
        under this section.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    ``(e) Areas of Funding Support.--Subject to the 
availability of funds to carry out this section, the Director shall 
endeavor, for each fiscal year, to use--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(1) not less than 35 percent of funds provided 
        to the Directorate for such year to carry out subsection 
        (d)(6);</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(2) not less than 15 percent of such funds to 
        carry out the purpose of subsection (d)(5)--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(A) with the goal of awarding, across 
                the key technology focus areas--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(i) not fewer than 1,000 
                        postdoctoral awards;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(ii) not fewer than 2,000 
                        graduate fellowships and traineeships; 
                        and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(iii) not fewer than 1,000 
                        undergraduate scholarships, including 
                        scholarships to attend community 
                        colleges;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(B) of which not less than 10 percent of 
                the funds designated under this paragraph shall be used 
                to support additional awards to focus on community 
                college training, education, and teaching programs that 
                increase the participation of underrepresented 
                populations in science, technology, engineering, and 
                mathematics, including technical programs through 
                programs such as the Advanced Technological Education 
                program;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(C) of which not less than 20 percent of 
                the funds designated under this paragraph shall be used 
                to support awards for post-doctorate fellowships, 
                graduate fellowships and traineeships, and 
                undergraduate scholarships through institutions of 
                higher education, and other institutions, located in 
                jurisdictions that participate in the Established 
                Program to Stimulate Competitive Research under section 
                113 of the National Science Foundation Authorization 
                Act of 1988 (42 U.S.C. 1862g); and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(D) if funds remain after carrying out 
                subparagraphs (A), (B), and (C), awards to institutions 
                of higher education to enable the institutions to fund 
                the development and establishment of new or specialized 
                courses of education for graduate, undergraduate, or 
                technical college students;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(3) not less than 5 percent of such funds to 
        carry out subsection (d)(7);</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(4) not less than 10 percent of such funds to 
        carry out subsection (d)(8);</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(5) not less than 15 percent of such funds to 
        carry out research and related activities pursuant to 
        subclauses (I) and (II) of subsection (d)(3)(A)(ii); 
        and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(6) not less than 20 percent of such funds to 
        support research in the key technology focus areas through the 
        Established Program to Stimulate Competitive Research under 
        section 113 of the National Science Foundation Authorization 
        Act of 1988 (42 U.S.C. 1862g).</DELETED>
<DELETED>    ``(f) Technical Assistance for Award Recipients and 
Applicants.--The Director may--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(1) coordinate with other Federal agencies to 
        establish interagency and multidisciplinary teams to provide 
        technical assistance to recipients of, and prospective 
        applicants for, awards under this section;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(2) by Federal interagency agreement and 
        notwithstanding any other provision of law, transfer funds 
        available to carry out this section to the head of another 
        Federal agency to facilitate and support the provision of such 
        technical assistance; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(3) enter into contracts with third parties to 
        provide such technical assistance.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    ``(g) Authorization of Appropriations and Limitations.--
</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(1) Authorization for the office of inspector 
        general.--From any amounts appropriated for the Foundation for 
        a fiscal year, there is authorized to be appropriated for 
        necessary expenses of the Office of Inspector General of the 
        Foundation an amount of not less than $10,000,000 in any fiscal 
        year appropriation for the Foundation, for oversight of the 
        programs and activities established under this section in 
        accordance with the Inspector General Act of 1978.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(2) Supplement and not supplant.--The amounts 
        authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section shall 
        supplement, and not supplant, any other amounts already 
        appropriated to the Foundation or Office of Inspector General 
        of the Foundation, except with respect to transfers described 
        in paragraph (3).</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(3) Transfer of funds authority.--For fiscal 
        years 2022 through 2024, the Director shall transfer any funds 
        appropriated to the Directorate to any other directorate or 
        office of the Foundation for activities directly related to the 
        key technology focus areas.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(4) No new awards.--The Director shall not make 
        any new awards for the activities described in this section for 
        any fiscal year in which the total amount appropriated to the 
        Foundation (not including amounts appropriated for the 
        Directorate) is less than the total amount appropriated to the 
        Foundation (not including such amounts), adjusted by the rate 
        of inflation, for the previous fiscal year.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(5) No funds for construction.--No funds 
        provided under this section shall be used for 
        construction.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    ``(h) Rules of Construction.--Nothing in this section or 
any other amendments made to this Act by the Endless Frontier Act shall 
be construed to alter the mission of any directorate of the Foundation 
existing prior to the date of enactment of such Act, or to alter the 
award selection methods or criteria used by such 
directorates.''.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (c) Chief Diversity Officer.--The National Science 
Foundation Act of 1950 (42 U.S.C. 1861 et seq.), as amended by 
subsection (b), is further amended by inserting after section 8A the 
following:</DELETED>

<DELETED>``SEC. 8B. CHIEF DIVERSITY OFFICER.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    ``(a) Chief Diversity Officer.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(1) Appointment.--The Director shall appoint a 
        Chief Diversity Officer of the National Science 
        Foundation.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(2) Qualifications.--The Chief Diversity Officer 
        should have significant experience with diversity and 
        inclusion, in particular within the Federal Government and 
        science community.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(3) Oversight.--The Chief Diversity Officer 
        shall report directly to the Director in the performance of the 
        duties of the Chief Diversity Officer under this 
        section.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    ``(b) Duties.--The Chief Diversity Officer is responsible 
for providing advice on policy, oversight, guidance, and coordination 
with respect to matters of the National Science Foundation related to 
diversity and inclusion. Other duties may include--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(1) establishing and maintaining a strategic 
        plan that publicly states a diversity definition, vision, and 
        goals for the National Science Foundation;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(2) defining a set of strategic metrics that 
        are--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(A) directly linked to key 
                organizational priorities and goals;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(B) actionable; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(C) actively used to implement the 
                strategic plan under paragraph (1);</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(3) advising in the establishment of a strategic 
        plan for diverse participation by institutions of higher 
        education, including community colleges, historically Black 
        colleges and universities, Tribal colleges or universities, and 
        other minority-serving institutions (as such terms are defined 
        in section 8A(a)), and individuals;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(4) advising in the establishment of a strategic 
        plan for outreach to, and recruiting from, untapped locations 
        and underrepresented populations; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(5) performing such additional duties and 
        exercise such powers as the Director may 
        prescribe.''.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (d) Annual Report on Unfunded Priorities.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) Annual report.--Not later than 10 days after 
        the date on which the budget of the President for a fiscal year 
        is submitted to Congress pursuant to section 1105 of title 31, 
        United States Code, the National Science Board shall submit to 
        the President and to Congress a report on the unfunded 
        priorities of the National Science Foundation.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Elements.--Each report submitted under 
        paragraph (1) shall provide--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) for each directorate of the National 
                Science Foundation for the most recent, fully completed 
                fiscal year--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) the proposal success 
                        rate;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) the percentage and total 
                        funding of proposals that were not funded and 
                        that met the criteria for funding; 
                        and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (iii) the most promising research 
                        areas covered by proposals described in clause 
                        (ii); and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) a list, in order of priority, of the 
                next activities approved by the National Science Board 
                to be undertaken in the Major Research Equipment and 
                Facilities Construction account.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (e) Pilot Program.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) In general.--The Director, acting through the 
        Directorate, shall establish a 5-year pilot program for 
        awarding grants to eligible partnerships to build research and 
        education capacity at emerging research institutions to enable 
        such institutions to contribute to programs run by the 
        Directorate.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Applications.--An eligible partnership seeking 
        a grant under this subsection shall submit an application to 
        the Director at such time, in such manner, and containing such 
        information as the Director may reasonably require, including a 
        statement of how the partnership will use the funds awarded 
        through the grant to achieve a lasting increase in the research 
        and education capacity of each emerging research institution 
        included in the eligible partnership.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) Activities.--An eligible partnership receiving 
        a grant under this subsection may use the funds awarded through 
        such grant for--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) faculty salaries and 
                training;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) research experiences for undergraduate 
                and graduate students;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) maintenance and repair of research 
                equipment and instrumentation; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (D) any other activities the Director 
                determines appropriate.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (4) Definitions.--In this subsection:</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) Director.--The term ``Director'' means 
                the Director of the National Science 
                Foundation.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) Directorate; emerging research 
                institution.--The terms ``Directorate'' and ``emerging 
                research institution'' have the meanings given such 
                terms in section 8A(a) of the National Science 
                Foundation Act of 1950, except that, with respect to 
                the term ``emerging research institution'', the 
                reference in paragraph (4) of such section to an award 
                under section 8A of that Act shall be deemed a 
                reference to a grant under this subsection.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) Eligible partnership.--The term 
                ``eligible partnership'' means a partnership of--
                </DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) at least 1 emerging research 
                        institution; and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) at least 1 institution 
                        classified as a very high research activity by 
                        the Carnegie Classification of Institutions of 
                        Higher Education.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 4. ENDLESS FRONTIER FUND.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) In General.--There is authorized to be appropriated a 
total of $112,410,000,000 for fiscal years 2022 through 2026 for the 
implementation of this Act and the amendments made by this Act. Such 
funds shall be available for the implementation of this Act and the 
amendments made by this Act, and shall be administered by the Director 
of the Office of Science and Technology Policy (referred to in this 
section as the ``Director'').</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Use of Funds.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) Submission of annual allocation.--Until the 
        date on which all of the amounts in the Fund described in 
        subsection (a) are expended, the Director shall annually submit 
        to Congress, together with the annual budget of the United 
        States, a list of allocations to agencies and departments to 
        implement this Act and the amendments made by this Act that 
        includes a detailed description of each program proposed to be 
        funded, including the estimated expenditures from the Fund for 
        the program for the applicable fiscal year.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Alternate allocation.--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) In general.--The Commerce, Justice, 
                Science, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act for 
                the relevant fiscal year may provide for alternate 
                allocation of amounts made available under this 
                section.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) Allocation by president.--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) No alternate allocations.--If 
                        Congress has not enacted legislation 
                        establishing alternate allocations as described 
                        in subparagraph (A) by the date on which the 
                        Act making full-year appropriations for 
                        Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related 
                        Agencies for the applicable fiscal year is 
                        enacted into law, amounts made available under 
                        this section shall be allocated by the 
                        Director.</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) Insufficient alternate 
                        allocation.--If Congress enacts legislation 
                        establishing alternate allocations for amounts 
                        made available under this section that are less 
                        than the full amount authorized to be 
                        appropriated to the Fund for that fiscal year 
                        under subsection (a), the difference between 
                        the amount authorized to be appropriated and 
                        the alternate allocation shall be allocated by 
                        the Director.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (c) Limitation.--No funds provided under this section 
shall be used for construction, except in the case of infrastructure 
projects described in section 28(b)(1)(B) of the Stevenson-Wydler 
Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (Public Law 96-480), as added by 
section 7(a) of this Act.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (d) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that, 
during the period of fiscal years 2022 through 2026, the Director shall 
make available, from amounts made available under subsection (a)--
</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) $9,425,000,000 to the regional technology hub 
        program under section 28 of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology 
        Innovation Act of 1980 (Public Law 96-480), as added by section 
        7 of this Act;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) $575,000,000 to the comprehensive regional 
        technology strategy grant program under section 29 of the 
        Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (Public Law 
        96-480), as added by section 8 of this Act, of which 
        $100,000,000 shall be made available for each of fiscal years 
        2022 and 2023 and $125,000,000 shall be made available for each 
        of fiscal years 2024 through 2026;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) $100,000,000,000 to the Directorate for 
        Technology and Innovation of the National Science Foundation, 
        of which $5,000,000,000 shall be made available for fiscal year 
        2022, $10,000,000,000 shall be made available for fiscal year 
        2023, $20,000,000,000 shall be made available for fiscal year 
        2024, $30,000,000,000 shall be made available for fiscal year 
        2025, and $35,000,000,000 shall be made available for fiscal 
        year 2026; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (4) $2,410,000,000 for the period of fiscal years 
        2022 through 2026 to the Manufacturing USA Program for 
        activities described under section 9 of this Act.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 5. STRATEGY AND REPORT ON ECONOMIC SECURITY, SCIENCE, 
              RESEARCH, AND INNOVATION TO SUPPORT THE NATIONAL SECURITY 
              STRATEGY.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) Definitions.--In this section:</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) Appropriate committees of congress.--The term 
        ``appropriate committees of Congress'' means--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) the Committee on Agriculture, 
                Nutrition, and Forestry, the Committee on 
                Appropriations, the Committee on Armed Services, the 
                Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, the 
                Committee on the Budget, the Committee on Commerce, 
                Science, and Transportation, the Committee on Energy 
                and Natural Resources, the Committee on Finance, the 
                Committee on Foreign Relations, the Committee on 
                Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions, the Committee 
                on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs, the 
                Committee on the Judiciary, and the Select Committee on 
                Intelligence of the Senate; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) the Committee on Agriculture, the 
                Committee on Appropriations, the Committee on Armed 
                Services, the Committee on the Budget, the Committee on 
                Education and Labor, the Committee on Energy and 
                Commerce, the Committee on Financial Services, the 
                Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee on Homeland 
                Security, the Committee on the Judiciary, the Committee 
                on Oversight and Reform, the Committee on Science, 
                Space, and Technology, the Committee on Ways and Means, 
                and the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence of 
                the House of Representatives.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Key technology focus area.--The term ``key 
        technology focus area'' means an area included on the most 
        recent list under section 8A(d)(2) of the National Science 
        Foundation Act of 1950.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) National security strategy.--The term 
        ``national security strategy'' means the national security 
        strategy required by section 108 of the National Security Act 
        of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 3043).</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Strategy and Report.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) In general.--In 2021 and in each year 
        thereafter before the applicable date set forth under paragraph 
        (2), the Director of the Office of Science and Technology 
        Policy, in coordination with the Director of the National 
        Economic Council, the Director of the National Science 
        Foundation, the Secretary of Commerce, the Secretary of Energy, 
        the National Security Council, the United States Patent and 
        Trademark Office, and the heads of other relevant Federal 
        agencies and in consultation with relevant nongovernmental 
        partners, shall--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) review such strategy, programs, and 
                resources as the Director of the Office of Science and 
                Technology Policy determines pertain to United States 
                national competitiveness in science, research, 
                innovation, and technology transfer, including 
                patenting and licensing, to support the national 
                security strategy;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) develop or revise a strategy for the 
                Federal Government to improve the national 
                competitiveness of the United States in science, 
                research, and innovation to support the national 
                security strategy; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) submit to the appropriate committees 
                of Congress--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) a report on the findings of 
                        the Director with respect to the review 
                        conducted under subparagraph (A); and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) the strategy developed or 
                        revised under subparagraph (B).</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Applicable dates.--In each year, the 
        applicable date set forth under this paragraph is as 
        follows:</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) In 2021, December 31, 2021.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) In 2022 and every year thereafter--
                </DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) in any year in which a new 
                        President is inaugurated, October 1 of that 
                        year; and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) in any other year, the date 
                        that is 90 days after the date of the 
                        transmission to Congress in that year of the 
                        national security strategy.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (c) Elements.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) Report.--Each report submitted under 
        subsection (b)(1)(C)(i) shall include the following:</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) An assessment of public and private 
                investment in civilian and military science and 
                technology and its implications for the geostrategic 
                position and national security of the United 
                States.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) A description of the prioritized 
                economic security interests and objectives, including 
                domestic job creation, of the United States relating to 
                science, research, and innovation and an assessment of 
                how investment in civilian and military science and 
                technology can advance those objectives.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) An assessment of how regional efforts 
                are contributing and could contribute to the innovation 
                capacity of the United States, including--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) programs run by State and 
                        local governments; and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) regional factors that are 
                        contributing or could contribute positively to 
                        innovation.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (D) An assessment of--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) workforce needs for 
                        competitiveness and national security in key 
                        technology areas; and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) Federal support needed--
                        </DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    (I) to expand domestic and 
                                international student pathways into key 
                                technology areas; and</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    (II) to improve workforce 
                                development and employment systems, as 
                                well as programs and practices to 
                                upskill incumbent workers.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (E) An assessment of barriers to 
                competitiveness in key technology focus areas and 
                barriers to the development and evolution of start-ups, 
                small and mid-sized business entities, and industries 
                in key technology focus areas.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (F) An assessment of the effectiveness of 
                the Federal Government, federally funded research and 
                development centers, and national labs in supporting 
                and promoting technology commercialization and 
                technology transfer, including an assessment of the 
                adequacy of Federal research and development funding in 
                promoting competitiveness and the development of new 
                technologies.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (G) An assessment of manufacturing 
                capacity, logistics, and supply chain dynamics of major 
                export sectors, including access to a skilled 
                workforce, physical infrastructure, and broadband 
                network infrastructure.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (H) An assessment of how the Federal 
                Government is increasing the participation of 
                underrepresented populations in science, research, 
                innovation, and manufacturing.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (I) An assessment of the effectiveness of 
                the Federal Government, federally funded research and 
                development centers, and national laboratories in 
                transitioning technologies and processes that emerge 
                from federally funded research to new domestic 
                manufacturing growth and job creation across sectors in 
                the United States.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Strategy.--Each strategy submitted under 
        subsection (b)(1)(C)(ii) shall include the following:</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) A plan to utilize available tools to 
                address or minimize the leading threats and challenges 
                and to take advantage of the leading opportunities, 
                particularly in regards to technology areas central to 
                competition between the United States and China, 
                including the following:</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) Specific objectives, tasks, 
                        metrics, and milestones for each relevant 
                        Federal agency.</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) Specific plans to support 
                        public and private sector investment in 
                        research, technology development, education and 
                        workforce development, and domestic 
                        manufacturing in key technology focus areas 
                        supportive of the national economic 
                        competitiveness of the United States and to 
                        foster the prudent use of public-private 
                        partnerships.</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (iii) Specific plans to promote 
                        environmental stewardship and fair competition 
                        for United States workers.</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (iv) A description of--</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    (I) how the strategy 
                                submitted under subsection 
                                (b)(1)(C)(ii) supports the national 
                                security strategy; and</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    (II) how the strategy 
                                submitted under such subsection is 
                                integrated and coordinated with the 
                                most recent national defense strategy 
                                under section 113(g) of title 10, 
                                United States Code.</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (v) A plan to encourage the 
                        governments of countries that are allies or 
                        partners of the United States to cooperate with 
                        the execution of the strategy submitted under 
                        subsection (b)(1)(C)(ii), where 
                        appropriate.</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (vi) A plan to encourage certain 
                        international and multilateral organizations to 
                        support the implementation of such 
                        strategy.</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (vii) A plan for how the United 
                        States should develop local and regional 
                        capacity for building innovation ecosystems 
                        across the Nation by providing Federal 
                        support.</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (viii) A plan for strengthening 
                        the industrial base of the United 
                        States.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) An identification of additional 
                resources, administrative action, or legislative action 
                recommended to assist with the implementation of such 
                strategy.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (d) Form of Reports and Strategies.--Each report and 
strategy submitted under subsection (b)(1)(C) shall be submitted in 
unclassified form, but may include a classified annex.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 6. SUPPLY CHAIN RESILIENCY PROGRAM.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) Definitions.--In this section:</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) Critical industry.--The term ``critical 
        industry'' means--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) key technology focus areas, as defined 
                in section 8A(a) of the National Science Foundation Act 
                of 1950, as added by section 3(b) of this Act; 
                and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) areas identified by the report in 
                subsection (f).</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Critical infrastructure.--The term ``critical 
        infrastructure'' has the meaning given the term in the Critical 
        Infrastructures Protection Act of 2001 (42 U.S.C. 
        5195c).</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) Foreign entity.--The term ``foreign entity''--
        </DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) means--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) the government of a foreign 
                        country;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) a foreign political 
                        party;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (iii) an individual who is not a 
                        protected individual (as defined in section 
                        274B(a)(3) of the Immigration and Nationality 
                        Act (8 U.S.C. 1324b(a)(3))); or</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (iv) a partnership, association, 
                        corporation, organization, or other combination 
                        of persons organized under the laws of, or 
                        having its principal place of business in, a 
                        foreign country; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) includes--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) any person owned by, 
                        controlled by, or subject to the jurisdiction 
                        or direction of, a person described in 
                        subparagraph (A);</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) any person, wherever located, 
                        that acts as an agent, representative, or 
                        employee of a person described in subparagraph 
                        (A);</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (iii) any person that acts in any 
                        other capacity at the order or request, or 
                        under the direction or control, of--</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    (I) a person described in 
                                subparagraph (A); or</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    (II) a person, the 
                                activities of which are directly or 
                                indirectly supervised, directed, 
                                controlled, financed, or subsidized in 
                                whole or in majority part by a person 
                                described in subparagraph 
                                (A);</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (iv) any person that directly or 
                        indirectly through any contract, arrangement, 
                        understanding, relationship, or otherwise owns 
                        not less than 25 percent of the equity 
                        interests of a person described in subparagraph 
                        (A);</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (v) any person with significant 
                        responsibility to control, manage, or direct a 
                        person described in subparagraph (A);</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (vi) any individual, wherever 
                        located, who is a citizen or resident of a 
                        country controlled by a person described in 
                        subparagraph (A); and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (vii) any corporation, 
                        partnership, association, or other organization 
                        organized under the laws of a country 
                        controlled by a person described in 
                        subparagraph (A).</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (4) Foreign entity of concern.--The term ``foreign 
        entity of concern'' means a foreign entity that is--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) designated as a foreign terrorist 
                organization by the Secretary of State under section 
                219(a) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 
                1189(a));</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) included on the list of specially 
                designated nationals and blocked persons maintained by 
                the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Department 
                of the Treasury (commonly known as the ``SDN 
                list'');</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) owned by, controlled by, or subject to 
                the jurisdiction or direction of a government of a 
                foreign country that is a covered nation (as defined in 
                section 2533c(d) of title 10, United States 
                Code);</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (D) alleged by the Attorney General to 
                have been involved in activities for which a conviction 
                was obtained under--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) chapter 37 of title 18, United 
                        States Code (commonly known as the ``Espionage 
                        Act'');</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) section 951 or 1030 of title 
                        18, United States Code;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (iii) chapter 90 of title 18, 
                        United States Code (commonly known as the 
                        ``Economic Espionage Act of 1996'');</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (iv) the Arms Export Control Act 
                        (22 U.S.C. 2751 et seq.);</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (v) section 224, 225, 226, 227, or 
                        236 of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C. 
                        2274, 2275, 2276, 2277, and 2284);</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (vi) the Export Control Reform Act 
                        of 2018 (50 U.S.C. 4801 et seq.); or</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (vii) the International Emergency 
                        Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.); 
                        or</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (E) determined by the Secretary, in 
                consultation with the Secretary of Defense and the 
                Director of National Intelligence, to be engaged in 
                unauthorized conduct that is detrimental to the 
                national security or foreign policy of the United 
                States.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (5) Labor organization.--The term ``labor 
        organization'' has the meaning given such term in section 8A(a) 
        of the National Science Foundation Act of 1950.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (6) Program.--The term ``program'' means the 
        supply chain resiliency and crisis response program established 
        under subsection (b).</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (7) Relevant committees of congress.--The term 
        ``relevant committees of Congress'' means--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) the Committee on Commerce, Science, 
                and Transportation of the Senate;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) the Committee on Appropriations of the 
                Senate;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) the Committee on Finance of the 
                Senate;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (D) the Committee on Homeland Security and 
                Governmental Affairs of the Senate;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (E) the Committee on Armed Services of the 
                Senate;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (F) the Select Committee on Intelligence 
                of the Senate;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (G) the Committee on Science, Space, and 
                Technology of the House of Representatives;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (H) the Committee on Energy and Commerce 
                of the House of Representatives;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (I) the Committee on Appropriations of the 
                House of Representatives;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (J) the Committee on Ways and Means of the 
                House of Representatives;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (K) the Committee on Homeland Security of 
                the House of Representatives;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (L) the Committee on Armed Services of the 
                House of Representatives; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (M) the Permanent Select Committee on 
                Intelligence of the House of Representatives.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (8) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the 
        Secretary of Commerce.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Establishment.--The Secretary shall establish in the 
Department of Commerce a supply chain resiliency and crisis response 
program to carry out the activities described in subsection 
(d).</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (c) Mission and Priorities.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) Mission.--The mission of the program is to--
        </DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) ensure the leadership of the United 
                States with respect to industries that are essential to 
                mid-term and long-term national security and economic 
                competitiveness;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) promote, in partnership with the 
                private sector and other relevant stakeholders, the 
                resiliency of supply chains of the United States and 
                allied or partner countries; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) encourage partnerships between the 
                Federal Government and industry, labor organizations, 
                and State, local, territorial, and Tribal governments 
                in order to better respond to supply chain 
                crises.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Priorities.--The program shall--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) in partnership with the private 
                sector, build resilient and secure supply chains 
                (including through the mid-term and long-term 
                diversification of key supply chains, which shall 
                include the support of small- and medium-sized 
                businesses) that can ensure the access of the United 
                States to critical goods and services in the face of 
                shocks, including pandemic and biological threats, 
                cyberattacks, extreme weather events, terrorist and 
                geopolitical attacks, great power conflict, and other 
                threats to national security, with key parts of such 
                resilience being--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) the diversification of key 
                        supply chains with allies or key partners; 
                        and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) working with allies or key 
                        partners through agreements and other 
                        commitments; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) support collaboration with allies or 
                key partners to collectively build and strengthen 
                resilient global supply chains, including through 
                identifying supply chain vulnerabilities, expanding 
                productive capacity, and stockpiling essential 
                goods.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (d) Activities.--Under the program, the Secretary, acting 
through 1 or more bureaus or other divisions of the Department of 
Commerce as appropriate, shall carry out activities--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) to map and monitor key supply chains and to 
        identify current and future key supply chain gaps and 
        vulnerabilities in critical industries;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) to develop or identify opportunities to build 
        domestic capacity, and cooperate with allies or key partners, 
        to address supply chain gaps and vulnerabilities in critical 
        industries;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) to consult and collaborate with the Director 
        of the Office of Management and Budget, the Secretary of 
        Defense, the Secretary of Homeland Security, the Secretary of 
        the Treasury, the Secretary of Energy, the Secretary of 
        Transportation, the Secretary of Agriculture, the Secretary of 
        State, the Director of National Intelligence, the Director of 
        the Office of Science and Technology Policy, and, as 
        appropriate, the heads of other Federal departments and 
        agencies to invest in urgent supply chain gaps;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (4) to encourage partnerships between the Federal 
        Government and industry, labor organizations, and State, local, 
        territorial, and Tribal governments to better respond to 
        crises;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (5) to support the distribution of critical 
        resources to areas that have the greatest needs during 
        crises;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (6) to develop contingency plans to ensure a 
        resilient supply chain response for potential crises;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (7) to ensure that allies and key partners have 
        supply chains that are capable of supporting critical 
        industries; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (8) to enter into agreements and partnerships with 
        allied or partner governments to promote diversified and 
        resilient supply chains that ensure supply of critical goods to 
        both the United States and allied companies.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (e) Authorities.--The Secretary may--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) establish a unified coordination group to 
        serve as the primary method for coordinating between and among 
        Federal departments and agencies in response to known supply 
        chain risks as well as for integrating private sector partners 
        into efforts, as appropriate, to--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) study technical, engineering, and 
                operational data acquired on a voluntary basis from the 
                private sector, in a manner that ensures any data 
                provided by the private sector is kept confidential and 
                as required under section 552 of title 5, United States 
                Code (commonly known as the ``Freedom of Information 
                Act'');</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) directly receive whistleblower 
                complaints with appropriate protection; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) identify key competitiveness 
                challenges in critical industries;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) enter into agreements with allied or partner 
        governments regarding supply chain security 
        assurances;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) coordinate with other divisions of the 
        Department of Commerce and other Federal departments and 
        agencies to leverage existing authorities, as of the date of 
        enactment of this Act, to strengthen supply chain resilience; 
        and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (4) with the approval of the Committee on 
        Appropriations of the Senate and the Committee on 
        Appropriations of the House of Representatives, transfer funds 
        to, or receive funds from, other departments and agencies to 
        implement the program.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (f) Report on Supply Chain Resiliency and Domestic 
Manufacturing.--Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of 
this Act, and not less frequently than every 2 years thereafter, the 
Secretary shall submit to the relevant committees of Congress a review, 
in coordination with other relevant Federal departments and agencies--
</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) identifying--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) technologies critical to economic 
                competitiveness and national security; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) supplies critical to the crisis 
                preparedness of the United States, such as medical 
                supplies, personal protective equipment, disaster 
                response necessities, electrical generation technology, 
                materials essential to critical infrastructure 
                operation or repair and renovation, and other supplies 
                identified by the Secretary;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) describing--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) the current domestic manufacturing 
                base and supply chains for those technologies and 
                supplies, including raw materials, production 
                equipment, and other goods essential to the production 
                of those technologies and supplies; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) the ability of the United States to 
                maintain readiness and to surge produce those 
                technologies and supplies in response to an 
                emergency;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) identifying defense, intelligence, homeland, 
        economic, domestic labor supply, natural, geopolitical, or 
        other contingencies that may disrupt, strain, compromise, or 
        eliminate the supply chain for those technologies and 
        supplies;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (4) assessing the resiliency and capacity of the 
        domestic, allied, and partner manufacturing base, supply 
        chains, and workforce to support the need for those 
        technologies and supplies, including any single points of 
        failure in those supply chains;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (5) assessing flexible manufacturing capacity 
        available in the United States in cases of emergency;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (6) making specific recommendations to improve the 
        security and resiliency of manufacturing capacity and supply 
        chains by--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) developing long-term 
                strategies;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) increasing visibility throughout 
                multiple supplier tiers;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) identifying and mitigating risks, 
                including the financial and operational risks of a 
                supply chain, vulnerabilities to extreme weather 
                events, cyberattacks, pandemic and biological threats, 
                terrorist and geopolitical attacks, and other 
                emergencies, and exposure to gaps in domestic sourcing 
                and import exposure;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (D) identifying enterprise resource 
                planning systems that are compatible across supply 
                chain tiers and are affordable for small and medium-
                sized businesses;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (E) understanding the total cost of 
                ownership, total value contribution, and other best 
                practices that encourage strategic partnerships 
                throughout the supply chain;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (F) understanding Federal procurement 
                opportunities to increase resiliency of supply chains 
                for goods and services and fill gaps in domestic 
                purchasing;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (G) identifying policies to maximize 
                domestic job retention and creation, including 
                workforce development programs;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (H) identifying and mitigating risks 
                associated with allied or key partner countries in 
                building more resilient supply chains; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (I) identifying such other services as the 
                Secretary considers necessary;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (7) providing guidance on technologies and 
        supplies to be prioritized for assistance and other activities 
        under the Department of Commerce, the National Science 
        Foundation, and other relevant Federal agencies;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (8) reviewing and, if appropriate, expanding the 
        sourcing of goods associated with critical technology areas 
        from allies or key partners, including recommendations for 
        coordination with allies or key partners on sourcing critical 
        products; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (9) monitoring and strengthening the financial and 
        operational health of small and medium enterprises in domestic, 
        allied, and partner supply chains to mitigate risks and ensure 
        diverse, competitive supplier markets that are less vulnerable 
        to single points of failure.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (g) Additional Hiring Authority.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) In general.--To the extent needed to carry out 
        the program, the Secretary may--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) utilize hiring authorities under 
                section 3372 of title 5, United States Code, to staff 
                the program with employees from other Federal agencies, 
                institutions of higher education, and other 
                organizations as described in that section with 
                relevant experience in supply chain management and 
                investment in the same manner and subject to the same 
                conditions that apply to such individuals utilized to 
                accomplish other missions of the Department of 
                Commerce;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) appoint and fix the compensation of 
                such temporary personnel as may be necessary to 
                implement the requirements of this section relating to 
                the program, without regard to the provisions of title 
                5, United States Code, governing appointments in the 
                competitive service; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) appoint an individual appointed under 
                subparagraph (B), after serving continuously for not 
                less than 2 years, to a position in the Department of 
                Commerce in the same manner that an employee serving in 
                a position in the competitive service may be 
                transferred, reassigned, or promoted.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) No reimbursement.--Any assignment provided 
        under paragraph (1)(A) shall be made without 
        reimbursement.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) Effect of appointment.--An individual 
        appointed as described in paragraph (1)(C) shall be considered 
        to be appointed under a career-conditional appointment, unless 
        the individual, as of the date on which the individual is 
        appointed, has completed a sufficient amount of creditable 
        service to attain a permanent career appointment.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (h) Semiconductor Incentives.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) In general.--The Secretary shall carry out the 
        program established under section 9902 of the William M. (Mac) 
        Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 
        2021 (Public Law 116-283) as part of the program.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Technical and conforming amendment.--Section 
        9902(a)(1) of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense 
        Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public Law 116-283) is 
        amended by striking ``in the Department of Commerce'' and 
        inserting ``as part of the program established under section 6 
        of the Endless Frontier Act''.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (i) Report to Congress.--Concurrent with the annual 
submission by the President of a budget under section 1105 of title 31, 
United States Code, the Secretary shall submit to the relevant 
committees of Congress a report that contains a summary of all 
activities carried out under this section for the year covered by the 
report.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (j) Coordination.--The Secretary of Commerce shall, as 
appropriate, coordinate with the heads of other Federal departments and 
agencies, including the Secretary of State and the United States Trade 
Representative, in the implementation of this program.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (k) Rule of Construction Regarding Private Entities.--
Nothing in this section shall be construed to require any private 
entity--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) to request assistance from the Secretary; 
        or</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) that requested such assistance from the 
        Secretary to implement any measure or recommendation suggested 
        by the Secretary.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (l) Funding.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) In general.--There are authorized to be 
        appropriated to the Secretary such sums as may be necessary to 
        carry out this section, which shall remain available until 
        expended.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Inspector general funding.--Of the amounts 
        made available in a fiscal year to carry out this section, not 
        more than 2 percent of those amounts shall be available to the 
        Inspector General of the Department of Commerce to conduct 
        oversight activities with respect to the program.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) Transfers.--Of the amounts made available in a 
        fiscal year to carry out this section, the Secretary may 
        transfer not more than 5 percent of those amounts to the 
        account under the heading ``Department of Commerce--Salaries 
        and Expenses'' to provide for administration and oversight 
        activities relating to the program.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 7. REGIONAL TECHNOLOGY HUB PROGRAM.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) In General.--The Stevenson-Wydler Technology 
Innovation Act of 1980 (Public Law 96-480; 15 U.S.C. 3701 et seq.) is 
amended--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) by redesignating section 28 as section 30; 
        and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) by inserting after section 27 the 
        following:</DELETED>

<DELETED>``SEC. 28. REGIONAL TECHNOLOGY HUB PROGRAM.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(1) Appropriate committees of congress.--The 
        term `appropriate committees of Congress' means--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(A) the Committee on Commerce, Science, 
                and Transportation, the Committee on Environment and 
                Public Works, and the Committee on Appropriations of 
                the Senate; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(B) the Committee on Science, Space, and 
                Technology, the Committee on Transportation and 
                Infrastructure, and the Committee on Appropriations of 
                the House of Representatives.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(2) Cooperative extension.--The term 
        `cooperative extension' has the meaning given the term 
        `extension' in section 1404 of the Food and Agriculture Act of 
        1977 (7 U.S.C. 3103).</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(3) Key technology focus areas.--The term `key 
        technology focus areas' means the areas included on the most 
        recent list under section 8A(d)(2) of the National Science 
        Foundation Act of 1950.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(4) Labor organization.--The term `labor 
        organization' has the meaning given such term in section 8A(a) 
        of the National Science Foundation Act of 1950.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(5) Large metropolitan communities.--The term 
        `large metropolitan community' means a metropolitan statistical 
        area with a population of more than 500,000.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(6) Manufacturing extension center.--The term 
        `manufacturing extension center' has the meaning given the term 
        `Center' in section 25(a) of the National Institute of 
        Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k(a)).</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(7) Manufacturing usa institute.--The term 
        `Manufacturing USA institute' means a Manufacturing USA 
        institute described in section 34(d) of the National Institute 
        of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278s(d)).</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(8) Mid-sized metropolitan communities.--The 
        term `mid-sized metropolitan community' means a metropolitan 
        statistical area with a population of more than 200,000 and not 
        more than 500,000.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(9) Other technology and innovation sectors 
        critical to national and economic security.--The term `other 
        technology and innovation sectors critical to national and 
        economic security' means other technology and innovation 
        sectors that the Secretary determines are critical to national 
        and economic security.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(10) Small and rural communities.--The term 
        `small and rural community' means a noncore area, a 
        micropolitan area, or a small metropolitan statistical area 
        with a population of not more than 200,000.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(11) Venture development organization.--The term 
        `venture development organization' means a State or nonprofit 
        organization focused primarily toward strengthening regional 
        economic development through innovation by--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(A) accelerating the commercialization 
                of research and technology;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(B) strengthening the competitive 
                position of startups and industry through the 
                development, commercial adoption, or deployment of 
                technology;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(C) providing financial grants, loans, 
                or direct investment to commercialize 
                technology;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(D) pairing direct financial assistance 
                under subparagraph (C) with entrepreneurship, 
                technological, or business assistance to maximize the 
                likelihood of success for a venture and increased 
                employment growth for the region or a sector; 
                and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(E) returning any proceeds gained from 
                direct financial assistance made using organization 
                funds to the organization for future reinvestment, 
                entrepreneurial assistance, and support of 
                operations.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    ``(b) Regional Technology Hub Program.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall carry out a 
        program--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(A) to designate eligible consortia as 
                regional technology hubs that create the conditions, 
                within a region, to facilitate activities that--
                </DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(i) enable United States 
                        leadership in a key technology focus area, 
                        complementing the Federal research and 
                        development investments under section 8A of the 
                        National Science Foundation Act of 1950, or 
                        other technology and innovation sectors 
                        critical to national and economic 
                        security;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(ii) support regional economic 
                        development that diffuses innovation around the 
                        United States, enabling better broad-based 
                        growth and competitiveness in key technology 
                        focus areas;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(iii) support domestic job 
                        creation; and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(iv) otherwise support the 
                        purposes set forth under paragraph 
                        (2);</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(B) to support regional technology hubs 
                designated under subparagraph (A); and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(C) to conduct ongoing research, 
                evaluation, analysis, and dissemination of best 
                practices for regional development and competitiveness 
                in technology and innovation.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(2) Purposes.--The purposes of the program 
        carried out under paragraph (1) are as follows:</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(A) To designate eligible consortia as 
                regional technology hubs throughout the United States 
                that create the conditions within a region to 
                facilitate activities that establish the global 
                competitive edge of the United States in the 21st 
                century across a range of technology and innovation 
                sectors critical to national and economic security, 
                including to encourage lower-cost but economically 
                viable technology hubs in the United States to reduce 
                technology offshoring.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(B) To encourage new and constructive 
                collaboration among local, State, and Federal 
                Government entities, academia, private industry, and 
                labor organizations to mobilize investment, talent, 
                entrepreneurship, and innovation for research, 
                development, deployment, and manufacturing in a range 
                of technology and innovation sectors critical to 
                national and economic security.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(C) To assist regions across the United 
                States, including small cities and rural areas--
                </DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(i) to develop and implement 
                        strategies through technology-based economic 
                        development practices, including infrastructure 
                        and workforce development, entrepreneurship and 
                        commercialization support, increasing access to 
                        capital, and building networks and systems to 
                        help bring ideas and businesses to market, and 
                        other relevant activities;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(ii) to improve domestic supply 
                        chains in technology and innovation sectors; 
                        and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(iii) to enable broad-based 
                        economic growth, job creation and 
                        competitiveness in the United States.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(3) Administration.--The Secretary shall carry 
        out this section through the Assistant Secretary of Commerce 
        for Economic Development, in coordination with the Under 
        Secretary of Commerce for Standards and Technology.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    ``(c) Eligible Consortia.--For purposes of this section, 
an eligible consortium is a consortium that--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(1) includes 1 or more--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(A) institutions of higher 
                education;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(B) local or Tribal governments or other 
                political subdivisions of a State;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(C) State governments represented by an 
                agency designated by the governor of the State or 
                States that is representative of the geographic area 
                served by the consortia;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(D) economic development organizations 
                or similar entities that are focused primarily on 
                improving science, technology, innovation, or 
                entrepreneurship;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(E) industry or firms in relevant 
                technology or innovation sectors;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(F) labor organizations; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(G) workforce training organizations, 
                including State and local workforce development boards 
                as established under section 101 of the Workforce 
                Investment and Opportunity Act (29 U.S.C. 3111); 
                and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(2) may include 1 or more--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(A) nonprofit economic development 
                entities with relevant expertise, including a district 
                organization (as defined in section 300.3 of title 13, 
                Code of Federal Regulations, or successor 
                regulation);</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(B) for-profit entities with relevant 
                expertise;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(C) venture development 
                organizations;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(D) financial institutions and 
                investment funds;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(E) primary and secondary educational 
                institutions, including career and technical education 
                schools;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(F) industry and industry 
                associations;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(G) National Laboratories (as defined in 
                section 2 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 
                15801));</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(H) Federal laboratories;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(I) manufacturing extension 
                centers;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(J) Manufacturing USA 
                institutes;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(K) institutions receiving an award 
                under paragraph (6) or (7) of section 8A(d) of the 
                National Science Foundation Act of 1950; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(L) a cooperative extension.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    ``(d) Designation of Regional Technology Hubs.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall use a 
        competitive process for the designation of regional technology 
        hubs under subsection (b)(1)(A).</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(2) Number of regional technology hubs.--During 
        the 5-year period beginning on the date of the enactment of the 
        Endless Frontier Act, the Secretary shall designate not fewer 
        than 10 and not more than 15 eligible consortia as regional 
        technology hubs under subsection (b)(1)(A), if the Secretary 
        has received a sufficient number of qualified applications and 
        appropriations to carry out this section.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(3) Geographic distribution.--In conducting the 
        competitive process under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall 
        ensure geographic distribution in the designation of regional 
        technology hubs by--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(A) aiming to designate regional 
                technology hubs in as many regions of the United States 
                as possible; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(B) focusing on localities that have 
                clear potential and relevant assets for developing a 
                self-sustaining competitive position in a technology or 
                innovation sector but have not yet become leading 
                technology centers.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(4) Eligible consortia that serve small and 
        rural communities.--Under subsection (b)(1)(A), the Secretary 
        shall designate at least 3 eligible consortia that--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(A) serve small and rural communities; 
                and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(B) have received a grant under section 
                29.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(5) EPSCoR.--The Secretary shall ensure that, of 
        the eligible consortia designated as regional technology hubs 
        under subsection (b)(1)(A), not fewer than 5 of such consortia 
        include at least 1 State that is eligible to receive funding 
        from the Established Program to Stimulate Competitive Research 
        of the National Science Foundation.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(6) Relation to certain grant awards.--The 
        Secretary may not require an eligible consortium to receive a 
        grant under section 29 in order to be designated as a regional 
        technology hub under subsection (b)(1)(A) of this 
        section.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    ``(e) Grants and Cooperative Agreements.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall carry out 
        subparagraph (B) of subsection (b)(1) through the award of 
        grants or cooperative agreements to eligible consortia 
        designated under subparagraph (A) of such subsection.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(2) Term.--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(A) In general.--The term of a grant or 
                cooperative agreement awarded under paragraph (1) shall 
                be for such period as the Secretary considers 
                appropriate.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(B) Renewal.--The Secretary may renew a 
                grant or cooperative agreement awarded to an eligible 
                consortia under paragraph (1) as the Secretary 
                considers appropriate if the Secretary determines 
                pursuant to subsection (i) that the performance of the 
                eligible consortia is satisfactory.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(3) Matching required.--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(A) In general.--Except in the case of 
                an eligible consortium described in subparagraph (B), 
                the total Federal financial assistance awarded in a 
                given year to an eligible consortium in support of the 
                eligible consortium's operation as a regional 
                technology hub under this section shall not exceed 
                amounts as follows:</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(i) In first year of the grant 
                        or cooperative agreement, 90 percent of the 
                        total operating and maintenance costs of the 
                        regional technology hub in that fiscal 
                        year.</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(ii) In second year of the grant 
                        or cooperative agreement, 85 percent of the 
                        total operating and maintenance costs of the 
                        regional technology hub in that fiscal 
                        year.</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(iii) In third year of the grant 
                        or cooperative agreement, 80 percent of the 
                        total operating and maintenance costs of the 
                        regional technology hub in that fiscal 
                        year.</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(iv) In fourth year of the grant 
                        or cooperative agreement and each year 
                        thereafter, 75 percent of the total operating 
                        and maintenance costs of the regional 
                        technology hub in that fiscal year.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(B) Small and rural communities and 
                indian tribes.--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(i) In general.--The total 
                        Federal financial assistance awarded in a given 
                        year to an eligible consortium in support of 
                        the eligible consortium's operation as a 
                        regional technology hub under this section 
                        shall not exceed amounts as follows:</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    ``(I) In the case of an 
                                eligible consortium that represents a 
                                small and rural community, in a fiscal 
                                year, 90 percent of the total funding 
                                of the regional technology hub in that 
                                fiscal year.</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    ``(II) In the case of an 
                                eligible consortium that is led by a 
                                Tribal government, in a fiscal year, 
                                100 percent of the total funding of the 
                                regional technology hub in that fiscal 
                                year.</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(ii) Minimum threshold or rural 
                        representation.--The Secretary shall establish 
                        a minimum threshold of rural representation for 
                        purposes of clause (i)(I).</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(C) In-kind contributions.--For purposes 
                of this paragraph, in-kind contributions may be used 
                for part of the non-Federal share of the total funding 
                of a regional technology hub in a fiscal 
                year.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(4) Use of grant and cooperative agreement 
        funds.--The recipient of a grant or cooperative agreement 
        awarded under paragraph (1) shall use the grant or cooperative 
        agreement for multiple activities determined appropriate by the 
        Secretary, including--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(A) the permissible activities set forth 
                under section 27(c)(2); and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(B) activities in support of key 
                technology focus areas and other technology and 
                innovation sectors critical to national and economic 
                security--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(i) to develop regional 
                        strategies for infrastructure and site 
                        development in support of the regional 
                        technology hub's plans and programs;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(ii) to support business 
                        activity that makes domestic supply chain more 
                        resilient and encourages the growth of 
                        coordinated multiparty systems in the United 
                        States and creation and growth of business 
                        entities;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(iii) to attract new private, 
                        public, and philanthropic investment in the 
                        region for developing innovation capacity, 
                        including establishing regional venture and 
                        loan funds, including through venture 
                        development organizations, for financing 
                        technology commercialization, new business 
                        formation, and business expansions;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(iv) to further the development, 
                        deployment, and domestic manufacturing of 
                        technologies in the key technology focus areas 
                        and other technology and innovation sectors 
                        critical to national and economic security, 
                        including innovations derived from research 
                        conducted at institutions of higher education 
                        or other research entities, including research 
                        conducted by federally funded research and 
                        development centers, National Laboratories, 
                        Federal laboratories, Manufacturing USA 
                        institutes, university technology centers 
                        established under paragraph (6) of section 
                        8A(d) of the National Science Foundation Act of 
                        1950, the program established under paragraph 
                        (7) of such section 8A(d), test beds 
                        established and operated under paragraph (8) of 
                        such section 8A(d), or other Federal research 
                        entities, through activities that may include--
                        </DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    ``(I) proof-of-concept 
                                development and prototyping;</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    ``(II) technology transfer 
                                and commercialization, including 
                                patenting and licensing;</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    ``(III) public-private 
                                partnerships in order to reduce the 
                                cost, time, and risk of commercializing 
                                new technologies;</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    ``(IV) creating and 
                                funding competitions to allow 
                                entrepreneurial ideas to illustrate 
                                their commercialization and domestic 
                                job creation potential;</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    ``(V) facilitating 
                                relationships between local and 
                                national business leaders and potential 
                                entrepreneurs to encourage successful 
                                commercialization;</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    ``(VI) creating and 
                                funding not-for-profit entities that 
                                could enable researchers at 
                                institutions of higher education and 
                                other research entities to further 
                                develop new technology, through patient 
                                funding, advice, staff support, or 
                                other means;</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    ``(VII) providing 
                                facilities for start-up companies where 
                                technology maturation could occur; 
                                and</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    ``(VIII) 
                                commercialization, deployment, and 
                                adoption of the technologies that lead 
                                to domestic manufacturing of such 
                                technologies;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(v) to develop the region's 
                        skilled workforce through the training and 
                        retraining of workers, partnerships with labor 
                        organizations, and skills-based education, 
                        including the alignment of career technical 
                        training and educational programs in the 
                        region's elementary and secondary schools and 
                        institutions of higher education; and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(vi) to carry out such other 
                        activities as the Secretary considers 
                        appropriate to improve United States 
                        competitiveness and regional economic 
                        development to support a key technology focus 
                        area and that would further the purposes of 
                        this section.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(5) Grants for infrastructure.--Any grant or 
        cooperative agreement awarded under paragraph (1) to support 
        the construction of physical infrastructure shall be awarded 
        pursuant to section 201 of the Public Works and Economic 
        Development Act of 1965 (42 U.S.C. 3141) and subject to the 
        provisions of such Act, except that subsection (b) of such 
        section and sections 204 and 301 of such Act (42 U.S.C. 3144, 
        3161) shall not apply.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    ``(f) Applications.--An eligible consortium seeking 
designation as a regional technology hub under subparagraph (A) of 
subsection (b)(1) and support under subparagraph (B) of such subsection 
shall submit to the Secretary an application therefor at such time, in 
such manner, and containing such information as the Secretary may 
specify.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    ``(g) Considerations for Designation and Award of Grants 
and Cooperative Agreements.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(1) In general.--In selecting an eligible 
        consortium that submitted an application under subsection (f) 
        for designation and support under subsection (b)(1), the 
        Secretary shall consider, at a minimum, the 
        following:</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(A) The potential of the eligible 
                consortium to advance the research, development, 
                deployment, and domestic manufacturing of technologies 
                in a key technology focus area or other technology or 
                innovation sector critical to national and economic 
                security.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(B) The likelihood of positive regional 
                economic effect, including increasing the number of 
                high wage domestic jobs, and creating new economic 
                opportunities for economically disadvantaged and 
                underrepresented populations.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(C) How the eligible consortium plans to 
                integrate with and leverage the resources of 1 or more 
                federally funded research and development centers, 
                National Laboratories, Federal laboratories, 
                Manufacturing USA institutes, Hollings Manufacturing 
                Extension Partnership centers, university technology 
                centers established under paragraph (6) of section 
                8A(d) of the National Science Foundation Act of 1950, 
                the program established under paragraph (7) of such 
                section 8A(d), test beds established and operated under 
                paragraph (8) of such section 8A(d), or other Federal 
                research entities.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(D) How the eligible consortium will 
                engage with the private sector, including small- and 
                medium-sized businesses to commercialize new 
                technologies and improve the resiliency of domestic 
                supply chains in a key technology focus area or other 
                technology or innovation sector critical to national 
                and economic security.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(E) How the eligible consortium will 
                carry out workforce development and skills acquisition 
                programming, including through partnerships with 
                entities that include State and local workforce 
                development boards, institutions of higher education, 
                including community colleges, historically Black 
                colleges and universities, Tribal colleges and 
                universities, and minority serving institutions, labor 
                organizations, and workforce development programs, and 
                other related activities authorized by the Secretary, 
                to support the development of a key technology focus 
                area or other technology or innovation sector critical 
                to national and economic security.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(F) How the eligible consortium will 
                improve science, technology, engineering, and 
                mathematics education programs in the identified region 
                in elementary and secondary school and higher education 
                institutions located in the identified region to 
                support the development of a key technology focus area 
                or other technology or innovation sector critical to 
                national and economic security.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(G) How the eligible consortium plans to 
                develop partnerships with venture development 
                organizations and sources of private investment in 
                support of private sector activity, including launching 
                new or expanding existing companies, in a key 
                technology focus area or other technology or innovation 
                sector critical to national and economic 
                security.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(H) How the eligible consortium plans to 
                organize the activities of regional partners across 
                sectors in support of the proposed regional technology 
                hub, including the development of necessary 
                infrastructure improvements and site 
                preparation.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(I) How the eligible consortium will 
                ensure that growth in technology and innovation sectors 
                produces broadly shared opportunity across the 
                identified region, including for economic disadvantaged 
                and underrepresented populations and rural 
                areas.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(J) The likelihood that the region 
                served by the eligible consortium will be able to 
                become a self-sustaining globally leading technology 
                hub once Federal support ends.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(2) Findings based on comprehensive regional 
        technology strategies.--The Secretary may use a comprehensive 
        regional technology strategy supported by a grant under section 
        29 as the basis for making findings under paragraph (1) of this 
        subsection.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    ``(h) Coordination and Collaboration.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(1) Coordination with national institute of 
        standards and technology programs.--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(A) Coordination required.--The 
                Secretary shall coordinate the activities of regional 
                technology hubs designated under this title, the 
                Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership, and the 
                Manufacturing USA Program with each other to the degree 
                that doing so does not diminish the effectiveness of 
                the ongoing activities of a manufacturing extension 
                center or a Manufacturing USA institute.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(B) Elements.--Coordination by the 
                Secretary under subparagraph (A) may include the 
                following:</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(i) The alignment of activities 
                        of the Hollings Manufacturing Extension 
                        Partnership with the activities of regional 
                        technology hubs designated under this 
                        subsection, if applicable.</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(ii) The alignment of activities 
                        of the Manufacturing USA Program and the 
                        Manufacturing USA institutes with the 
                        activities of regional technology hubs 
                        designated under this subsection, if 
                        applicable.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(2) Coordination with department of energy 
        programs.--The Secretary shall, in coordination with the 
        Secretary of Energy, coordinate the activities and selection of 
        regional technology hubs designated under subsection (b)(1)(A) 
        with activities at the Department of Energy and the National 
        Laboratories that were in effect on the day before the date of 
        the enactment of the Endless Frontier Act, to the degree that 
        doing so does not diminish the effectiveness of the ongoing 
        activities or mission of the Department of Energy and the 
        National Laboratories.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(3) Interagency collaboration.--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(A) In general.--In selecting and 
                assisting regional technology hubs designated under 
                subsection (b)(1)(A), the Secretary--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(i) shall collaborate, to the 
                        extent possible, with the interagency advisory 
                        committee established under subparagraph 
                        (B);</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(ii) shall collaborate with 
                        Federal departments and agencies whose missions 
                        contribute to the goals of the regional 
                        technology hub; and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(iii) may accept funds from 
                        other Federal agencies to support grants and 
                        activities under this title.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(B) Interagency coordinating council.--
                </DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(i) Establishment.--The 
                        Secretary shall establish an interagency 
                        coordinating council to coordinate with the 
                        Secretary in the designation of regional 
                        technology hubs under subparagraph (A) of 
                        subsection (b)(1) and in the selection of 
                        eligible consortia to receive support under 
                        subparagraph (B) of such subsection.</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(ii) Composition.--The 
                        interagency coordinating council established 
                        under clause (i) shall be composed of the 
                        following (or their designees):</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    ``(I) The Secretary of 
                                Commerce.</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    ``(II) The Secretary of 
                                Education.</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    ``(III) The Administrator 
                                of the Small Business 
                                Administration.</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    ``(IV) The Deputy 
                                Secretary for Housing and Urban 
                                Development.</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    ``(V) The Director of the 
                                Community Development Financial 
                                Institution Fund.</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    ``(VI) The Director of the 
                                National Science Foundation.</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    ``(VII) The Director of 
                                the National Institute of Standards and 
                                Technology.</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    ``(VIII) The Director of 
                                the National Economic 
                                Council.</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    ``(IX) The Assistant 
                                Secretary of Commerce for Economic 
                                Development.</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    ``(X) The Assistant 
                                Secretary for Employment and 
                                Training.</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    ``(XI) The Director of the 
                                Office of Science and Technology 
                                Policy.</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    ``(XII) The Under 
                                Secretary of Defense for Research and 
                                Engineering.</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    ``(XIII) The Under 
                                Secretary of Defense for Acquisition 
                                and Sustainment.</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    ``(XIV) The Under 
                                Secretary for Science of the Department 
                                of Energy.</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    ``(XV) The Director of the 
                                National Institutes of 
                                Health.</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    ``(XVI) The Under 
                                Secretary for Science and Technology of 
                                the Department of Homeland 
                                Security.</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    ``(XVII) The Administrator 
                                of the National Aeronautics and Space 
                                Administration.</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    ``(XVIII) The Director of 
                                the Office of Management and 
                                Budget.</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    ``(XIX) Such other Federal 
                                officials as the Secretary of Commerce 
                                considers appropriate.</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(iii) Chairperson.--The 
                        Secretary shall be the chairperson of the 
                        interagency coordinating council established 
                        under clause (i).</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(4) Setting goals for federally funded regions 
        served by research in regional technology hubs.--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(A) In general.--The Director of the 
                Office of Science and Technology Policy and the 
                Director of the Office of Management and Budget shall 
                coordinate with the each head of a Federal agency that 
                conducts research to set goals for at least doubling 
                the amount of federally funded research awarded, as in 
                effect on the day before the date of the enactment of 
                the Endless Frontier Act, to regions served by regional 
                technology hubs designated under subsection 
                (b)(1)(A).</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(B) Annual reports.--Not less frequently 
                than once each year, the Director of the Office of 
                Science and Technology Policy and the Director of the 
                Office of Management and Budget shall submit to the 
                appropriate committees of Congress an annual report on 
                progress made relating to the goals set under 
                subparagraph (A).</DELETED>
<DELETED>    ``(i) Performance Measurement, Transparency, and 
Accountability.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(1) Metrics, standards, and assessment.--For 
        each grant and cooperative agreement awarded under subsection 
        (e)(1) for a regional technology hub, the Secretary shall--
        </DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(A) develop metrics to assess the 
                effectiveness of the activities funded in making 
                progress toward the purposes set forth under subsection 
                (b)(2), which may include--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(i) research supported in a key 
                        technology focus area;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(ii) commercialization 
                        activities undertaken by each regional 
                        technology hub that is designated and supported 
                        under subsection (b)(1);</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(iii) educational and workforce 
                        development improvements undertaken by each 
                        regional technology hub that is designated and 
                        supported under subsection (b)(1);</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(iv) sources of matching funds 
                        for each regional technology hub that is 
                        designated and supported under subsection 
                        (b)(1); and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(v) domestic job creation, 
                        patent awards, and business formation and 
                        expansion relating to the activities of the 
                        regional technology hub that is designated and 
                        supported under subsection (b)(1);</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(B) establish standards for the 
                performance of the regional technology hub that are 
                based on the metrics developed under subparagraph (A); 
                and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(C) 4 years after the initial award 
                under subsection (e)(1) and every 2 years thereafter 
                until Federal financial assistance under this section 
                for the regional technology hub is discontinued, 
                conduct an assessment of the regional technology hub to 
                confirm whether the performance of the regional 
                technology hub is meeting the standards for performance 
                established under subparagraph (B) of this 
                paragraph.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(2) Final reports by recipients of assistance.--
        </DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall 
                require each eligible consortium that receives a grant 
                or cooperative agreement under subsection (e)(1) for 
                support of a regional technology hub, as a condition of 
                receipt of such grant or cooperative agreement, submit 
                to the Secretary, not later than 90 days after the last 
                day of the term of the grant or cooperative agreement, 
                a report on the activities of the regional technology 
                hub supported by the grant or cooperative 
                agreement.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(B) Contents of report.--Each report 
                submitted by an eligible consortium under subparagraph 
                (A) shall include the following:</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(i) A detailed description of 
                        the activities carried out by the eligible 
                        consortium using the assistance described in 
                        subparagraph (A), including the 
                        following:</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    ``(I) A description of 
                                each project the eligible consortium 
                                completed using such 
                                assistance.</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    ``(II) An explanation of 
                                how each project described in subclause 
                                (I) achieves a specific goal under this 
                                section in the region of the regional 
                                technology hub of the eligible 
                                consortium with respect to--</DELETED>
                                        <DELETED>    ``(aa) the 
                                        resiliency of a supply 
                                        chain;</DELETED>
                                        <DELETED>    ``(bb) research, 
                                        development, and deployment of 
                                        a critical 
                                        technology;</DELETED>
                                        <DELETED>    ``(cc) workforce 
                                        training and 
                                        development;</DELETED>
                                        <DELETED>    ``(dd) domestic 
                                        job creation; or</DELETED>
                                        <DELETED>    ``(ee) 
                                        entrepreneurship.</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(ii) A discussion of any 
                        obstacles encountered by the eligible 
                        consortium in the implementation of the 
                        regional technology hub and how the eligible 
                        entity overcame those obstacles.</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(iii) An evaluation of the 
                        success of the projects supported by the 
                        eligible consortium to implement the regional 
                        technology hub using the performance standards 
                        and measures established under paragraph (1), 
                        including an evaluation of the planning process 
                        and how the project contributes to carrying out 
                        the comprehensive strategy for the regional 
                        technology hub if the regional technology hub 
                        has such a strategy.</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(iv) The effectiveness of the 
                        eligible consortium in ensuring that, in the 
                        region of the eligible consortium's regional 
                        technology hub, growth in technology and 
                        innovation sectors produces broadly shared 
                        opportunity across the region, including for 
                        economic disadvantaged and underrepresented 
                        populations and rural areas.</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(v) Information regarding such 
                        other matters as the Secretary may 
                        require.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(3) Interim reports by recipients of 
        assistance.--In addition to requiring submittal of final 
        reports under paragraph (2)(A), the Secretary may require an 
        eligible consortium described in such paragraph to submit to 
        the Secretary such interim reports as the Secretary considers 
        appropriate.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(4) Annual reports to congress.--Not less 
        frequently than once each year, the Secretary shall submit to 
        the appropriate committees of Congress an annual report on the 
        results of the assessments conducted by the Secretary under 
        paragraph (1)(C) during the period covered by the 
        report.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    ``(j) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is 
authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this 
section $9,425,000,000 for the period of fiscal years 2022 through 
2026.''.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Initial Designations and Awards.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) Competition required.--Not later than 180 days 
        after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of 
        Commerce shall commence a competition under subsection (d)(1) 
        of section 28 of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act 
        of 1980 (Public Law 96-480), as added by subsection 
        (a).</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Designation and award.--Not later than 1 year 
        after the date of the enactment of this Act, if the Secretary 
        has received at least 1 application under subsection (f) of 
        such section from an eligible consortium whom the Secretary 
        considers suitable for designation under subsection (b)(1)(A) 
        of such section, the Secretary shall--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) designate at least 1 regional 
                technology hub under subsection (b)(1)(A) of such 
                section; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) award a grant or cooperative agreement 
                under subsection (e)(1) of such section to each 
                regional technology hub designated pursuant to 
                subparagraph (A) of this paragraph.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 8. COMPREHENSIVE REGIONAL TECHNOLOGY STRATEGY GRANT 
              PROGRAM.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    The Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 
(Public Law 96-480; 15 U.S.C. 3701 et seq.), as amended by section 7, 
is further amended, by inserting after section 28, as added by such 
section, the following:</DELETED>

<DELETED>``SEC. 29. COMPREHENSIVE REGIONAL TECHNOLOGY STRATEGY GRANT 
              PROGRAM.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(1) Labor organization.--The term `labor 
        organization' has the meaning given such term in section 8A(a) 
        of the National Science Foundation Act of 1950.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(2) Regional technology hub.--The term `regional 
        technology hub' means a consortium designated as a regional 
        technology hub under section 28(b)(1)(A).</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(3) Small and rural communities; mid-sized 
        metropolitan communities; large metropolitan communities.--The 
        terms `small and rural communities', `mid-sized metropolitan 
        communities', and `large metropolitan communities' have the 
        meanings given such terms in section 28(a).</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(4) Technology and innovation sectors critical 
        to national and economic security.--The term `technology and 
        innovation sectors critical to national and economic security' 
        means technology and innovation sectors that the Secretary 
        determines are critical to national and economic 
        security.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    ``(b) Grant Program Required.--The Secretary shall 
establish a program to award grants to eligible consortia to carry out 
projects--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(1) to coordinate locally defined planning 
        processes, across jurisdictions and agencies, relating to 
        developing a comprehensive regional technology 
        strategy;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(2) to identify regional partnerships for 
        developing and implementing a comprehensive regional technology 
        strategy;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(3) to conduct or update assessments to 
        determine regional needs and promote economic and community 
        development related to the resiliency of a domestic supply 
        chains, competitiveness of the region, and domestic job 
        creation in technology and innovation sectors critical to 
        national and economic security;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(4) to develop or update goals and strategies to 
        implement an existing comprehensive regional plan related to 
        enhancing the resiliency of domestic supply chains, 
        competitiveness of the region, and domestic job creation in 
        technology and innovation sectors critical to national and 
        economic security; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(5) to identify local zoning and other code 
        changes necessary to implement a comprehensive regional 
        technology strategy, including promoting sustainable 
        development within the identified region.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    ``(c) Eligible Consortia.--For purposes of this section, 
an eligible consortium is any consortium described by section 
28(c).</DELETED>
<DELETED>    ``(d) Grants.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(1) Diversity of recipients.--In awarding grants 
        under this section, the Secretary shall ensure geographic 
        diversity among, and adequate representation from, each of the 
        following:</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(A) Small and rural 
                communities.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(B) Mid-sized metropolitan 
                communities.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(C) Large metropolitan 
                communities.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(2) Awards to small and rural communities.--
        </DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(A) In general.--Except as provided in 
                subparagraph (B), the Secretary shall--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(i) award not less than 25 
                        percent of the funds under this section to 
                        eligible consortia that represent all or part 
                        of a small and rural community; and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(ii) ensure diversity among the 
                        geographic regions and the size of the 
                        population of the communities served by 
                        recipients of grants that are eligible 
                        consortia that represent all or part of a small 
                        and rural community.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(B) Insufficient applications.--If the 
                Secretary determines that an insufficient number of 
                sufficient quality applications for grants under this 
                section have been submitted by eligible consortia that 
                represent all or part of a small and rural community, 
                the Secretary may reduce the percentage threshold set 
                forth in subparagraph (A)(i).</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(3) Federal share.--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(A) In general.--Except as provided in 
                subparagraph (B), the Federal share of the cost of a 
                project carried out using a grant awarded under this 
                section may not exceed 80 percent.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(B) Exceptions.--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(i) Small and rural 
                        communities.--In the case of an eligible 
                        consortium that represents all or part of a 
                        small and rural community, the Federal share of 
                        the cost of a project carried out using a grant 
                        awarded under this section may be up to 90 
                        percent of the total cost of the 
                        project.</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(ii) Indian tribes.--In the case 
                        of an eligible consortium that is led by a 
                        Tribal government, the Federal share of the 
                        cost of a project carried out using a grant 
                        under the grant awarded under this section may 
                        be up to 100 percent of the total cost of the 
                        project.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(C) Non-federal share.--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(i) In-kind contributions.--For 
                        the purposes of this paragraph, in-kind 
                        contributions may be used for all or part of 
                        the non-Federal share of the cost of a project 
                        carried out using a grant awarded under this 
                        section.</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(ii) Other federal funding.--
                        Federal funding from sources other than a grant 
                        awarded under this section may not be used for 
                        the non-Federal share of the cost of a project 
                        carried out using a grant under this 
                        section.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(4) Availability and obligation of grant 
        amounts.--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(A) In general.--An eligible consortium 
                that receives a grant under this section shall, as a 
                condition on receipt of grant amounts--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(i) obligate any grant amounts 
                        received under this section not later than 1 
                        year after the date on which the eligible 
                        consortium enters into an agreement under 
                        subsection (g); and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(ii) expend any grant amounts 
                        received under this section not later than 2 
                        years after the date on which the eligible 
                        consortium enters into an agreement under 
                        subsection (g).</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(B) Unobligated amounts.--After the date 
                described in subparagraph (A)(i), any amounts awarded 
                to an eligible consortium under this section that 
                remain unobligated by the eligible consortium shall be 
                returned to the Secretary and made available to the 
                Secretary for the award of grants to other eligible 
                consortia under this section.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    ``(e) Application.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(1) In general.--An eligible consortium seeking 
        a grant under this section shall submit to the Secretary an 
        application therefor at such time and in such manner as the 
        Secretary shall prescribe.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(2) Contents.--Each application submitted under 
        paragraph (1) shall include the following:</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(A) A description of the boundaries of 
                the region served by the eligible consortium.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(B) A description of the research, 
                technology development, or manufacturing concentration 
                of the eligible consortium.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(C) A general assessment of the local 
                industrial ecosystem of the region described in 
                subparagraph (A), which may include assessment of 
                workforce and training, including partnerships with 
                labor organizations, supplier network, research and 
                innovation, infrastructure and site development, trade 
                and international investment, operational improvements, 
                and capital access components needed for manufacturing 
                activities in such region.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(D) A description of how a grant under 
                this section may assist in developing components of 
                such local industrial ecosystem (selected by the 
                consortium), including descriptions of--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(i) investments to address gaps 
                        in such ecosystem; and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(ii) how to make the research, 
                        technology development, and manufacturing of 
                        the region of the consortium uniquely 
                        competitive.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(E) A description of the process by 
                which a comprehensive regional technology strategy will 
                be developed by the eligible consortium to address gaps 
                in such local industrial ecosystem and to strengthen 
                the resiliency of supply chains, competitiveness of the 
                identified region, and domestic job creation in 
                technology and innovation sectors critical to national 
                and economic security.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(F) A budget for the projects that the 
                eligible consortium plans to carry out using grant 
                amounts awarded under this section, including the 
                anticipated Federal share of the cost of each project 
                and a description of the sources of the non-Federal 
                share.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(G) The designation of a lead agency or 
                organization, which may be the eligible consortium, to 
                receive and manage any funds received by the eligible 
                consortium under this section.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(H) A signed copy of a memorandum of 
                understanding among members of the eligible consortium 
                that demonstrates--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(i) the creation of an eligible 
                        consortium;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(ii) a description of the nature 
                        and extent of planned collaboration between 
                        members of the eligible consortium; 
                        and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(iii) a commitment to develop a 
                        comprehensive regional technology 
                        strategy.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(I) Such other matters as the Secretary 
                considers appropriate.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(3) Evaluation of applications.--The Secretary 
        shall evaluate each application received under paragraph (1) to 
        determine whether the applicant demonstrates--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(A) a significant level of regional 
                cooperation in their proposal;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(B) a focus on building a regional 
                ecosystem to attract and build upon research investment 
                to develop, deploy, and manufacture domestically 
                critical technologies that improve the resiliency of 
                supply chains, competitiveness of the identified 
                region, and the creation of quality jobs;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(C) the extent to which the consortium 
                has developed partnerships throughout an entire region, 
                including, as appropriate, partnerships with federally 
                funded research and development centers, National 
                Laboratories, Federal laboratories, Manufacturing USA 
                institutes described in section 34(d) of the National 
                Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 
                278s(d)), university technology centers established 
                under paragraph (6) of section 8A(d) of the National 
                Science Foundation Act of 1950, the program established 
                under paragraph (7) of such section 8A(d), test beds 
                established and operated under paragraph (8) of such 
                section 8A(d), or other Federal research 
                entities;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(D) integration with local efforts in 
                inclusive economic development and job 
                creation;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(E) a plan for implementing a 
                comprehensive regional technology strategy through 
                regional infrastructure, workforce, and supply chain 
                investment plans and local land use plans;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(F) diversity among the geographic 
                regions and the size of the population of the 
                communities served by recipients of grants under this 
                section;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(G) a commitment to seeking substantial 
                public input during the planning process and public 
                participation in the development of the comprehensive 
                regional plan;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(H) a plan to support the creation and 
                growth of new companies; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(I) such other qualities as the 
                Secretary considers appropriate.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    ``(f) Use of Grant Funds.--An eligible consortium that 
receives a grant under this section shall use the amount of such grant 
to carry out a project that includes 1 or more of the following 
activities:</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(1) Coordinating locally defined planning 
        processes across jurisdictions and agencies.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(2) Identifying potential regional partnerships 
        for developing and implementing a comprehensive regional 
        technology strategy.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(3) Conducting or updating assessments to 
        determine regional needs, which may include--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(A) workforce development;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(B) supply chain development;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(C) increasing innovation readiness, 
                including expanding research and technology development 
                facilities and developing the local science, 
                technology, engineering, and mathematics 
                workforce;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(D) site preparation;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(E) community and economic development 
                to start new companies and to attract and support 
                workers and firms; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(F) and other such needs as determined 
                by the consortium.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(4) Developing or updating--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(A) a comprehensive regional plan; 
                or</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(B) goals and strategies to implement an 
                existing comprehensive regional plan for the purposes 
                of strengthening domestic supply chain resiliency, 
                competitiveness, and job creation in critical 
                technology and innovation sectors for national and 
                economic security.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(5) Implementing local zoning and other code 
        changes necessary to implement a comprehensive regional plan 
        and promote sustainable development.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    ``(g) Grant Agreement.--Each eligible consortium that 
receives a grant under this section shall, as a condition on receipt of 
grant amounts, agree to establish, in coordination with the Secretary, 
performance measures, reporting requirements, and such other 
requirements as the Secretary determines are necessary, that must be 
met at the end of each year in which the eligible consortium receives 
funds under this section.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    ``(h) Reports by Recipients of Grants.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(1) Final reports.--Not later than 90 days after 
        the date on which a grant agreement into which an eligible 
        consortium entered under subsection (g) expires, the eligible 
        consortium shall submit to the Secretary a final report on the 
        project the eligible consortium carried out under subsection 
        (f) using the amounts of the grant awarded to the eligible 
        consortium under this section.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(2) Contents.--Each report submitted under 
        paragraph (1) shall include the following:</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(A) A detailed explanation of the 
                activities undertaken using the grant, including an 
                explanation of how the comprehensive regional 
                technology strategy of the eligible consortium may 
                achieve specific improvements in domestic supply chain 
                resiliency, research, development, and deployment of 
                critical technologies, workforce development, domestic 
                job creation, and entrepreneurship goals within the 
                region served by the eligible consortium.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(B) A discussion of any obstacles 
                encountered in the planning process of the eligible 
                consortium and how the eligible consortium overcame the 
                obstacles.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(C) An evaluation of the success of the 
                project using the performance standards and measures 
                established under subsection (g), including an 
                evaluation of the planning process and how the project 
                contributes to carrying out the comprehensive regional 
                technology strategy.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(D) The progress of the region 
                identified by the consortium toward becoming a regional 
                technology hub.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(E) The effectiveness of the region 
                identified by the consortium in ensuring that growth in 
                innovation sectors produces broadly shared opportunity 
                in the region.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(F) Such other information as the 
                Secretary may require.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(3) Interim reports.--The Secretary may require, 
        as a condition on receipt of a grant under this section, an 
        eligible consortium to submit an interim report, before the 
        date on which a project for which a grant is awarded under this 
        section is completed.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    ``(i) Technical Assistance for Grant Recipients and 
Applicants.--The Secretary may--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(1) coordinate with other Federal agencies to 
        establish interagency and multidisciplinary teams to provide 
        technical assistance to recipients of, and prospective 
        applicants for, grants under this section;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(2) by Federal interagency agreement, transfer 
        funds to another Federal agency to facilitate and support the 
        provision of such technical assistance; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(3) enter into contracts with third parties to 
        provide technical assistance to grant recipients and 
        prospective applicants for grants under this section.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    ``(j) Authorization of Appropriations.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(1) Authorization.--There are authorized to be 
        appropriated to the Secretary for the award of grants under 
        this section, to remain available until expended, amounts as 
        follows:</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(A) $100,000,000 for each of fiscal 
                years 2022 and 2023.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(B) $125,000,000 for each of fiscal 
                years 2024 through 2026.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(2) Technical assistance.--The Secretary may use 
        not more than 5 percent of the amounts made available under 
        this subsection for a fiscal year for technical assistance 
        under subsection (i).''.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 9. MANUFACTURING USA PROGRAM.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) Definitions.--In this section:</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) Historically black college or university.--The 
        term ``historically Black college or university'' has the 
        meaning given the term ``part B institution'' in section 322 of 
        the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1061).</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Labor organization.--The term ``labor 
        organization'' has the meaning given such term in section 8A(a) 
        of the National Science Foundation Act of 1950.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) Manufacturing usa center.--The term 
        ``Manufacturing USA center'' means an institute described in 
        section 34(d)(3)(B) of the National Institute of Standards and 
        Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278s(d)(3)(B)) and recognized by the 
        Secretary under such section for purposes of participation in 
        the Manufacturing USA Network.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (4) Manufacturing usa institute.--The term 
        ``Manufacturing USA institute'' means an institute described in 
        section 34(d) of the National Institute of Standards and 
        Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278s(d)) that is not a Manufacturing 
        USA center.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (5) Manufacturing usa network.--The term 
        ``Manufacturing USA Network'' means the network established 
        under section 34(c) of the National Institute of Standards and 
        Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278s(c)).</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (6) Manufacturing usa program.--The term 
        ``Manufacturing USA Program'' means the program established 
        under section 34(b)(1) of the National Institute of Standards 
        and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278s(b)(1)).</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (7) Minority-serving institution.--The term 
        ``minority-serving institution'' means an eligible institution 
        described in section 371(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 
        (20 U.S.C. 1067q(a)).</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (8) National program office.--The term ``National 
        Program Office'' means the National Program Office established 
        under section 34(h)(1) of the National Institute of Standards 
        and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278s(h)(1)).</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (9) Tribal college or university.--The term 
        ``Tribal college or university'' has the meaning given the term 
        in section 316(b)(3) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
        U.S.C. 1059c(b)(3)).</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Authorization of Appropriations To Enhance and Expand 
Manufacturing USA Program and Support Innovation and Growth in Domestic 
Manufacturing.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) In general.--There is authorized to be 
        appropriated $2,410,000,000 for the period of fiscal years 2022 
        through 2026 for the Secretary of Commerce, acting through the 
        Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology 
        and in coordination with the Secretary of Energy, the Secretary 
        of Defense, and the heads of such other Federal agencies as the 
        Secretary of Commerce considers relevant, to carry out the 
        Manufacturing USA Program and to expand such program to support 
        innovation and growth in domestic manufacturing.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Manufacturing usa institutes.--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) In general.--Of the amounts 
                appropriated pursuant to the authorization of 
                appropriations in paragraph (1), $1,190,000,000 shall 
                be available to support the establishment of new 
                Manufacturing USA institutes during the period 
                described in such paragraph.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) Financial assistance.--The Secretary 
                shall support the establishment of Manufacturing USA 
                institutes under subparagraph (A) through the award of 
                financial assistance under section 34(e) of the 
                National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 
                U.S.C. 278s(e)).</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) Assignment of manufacturing usa 
                institutes to federal agency sponsors.--Following an 
                open topic competition organized by the Director of the 
                National Institute of Standards and Technology, the 
                Secretary of Commerce, in consultation with the 
                Secretary of Energy, the Secretary of Defense, and 
                other relevant Federal agencies, may select an 
                alternative Federal agency to sponsor a selected 
                Manufacturing USA institute based on its technology and 
                may transfer the appropriate funds to that alternative 
                Federal agency for operation and programming of the 
                selected Manufacturing USA institute.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (D) Coordination with existing 
                manufacturing usa institutes.--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) Coordination required.--In 
                        establishing new Manufacturing USA institutes 
                        under subparagraph (A), the Secretary of 
                        Commerce shall coordinate with the Secretary of 
                        Energy and the Secretary of Defense to ensure 
                        there is no duplication of effort or technology 
                        focus between new Manufacturing USA institutes 
                        and Manufacturing USA institutes that were in 
                        effect before the establishment of the new 
                        Manufacturing USA institutes.</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) Consultation with existing 
                        manufacturing usa institutes authorized.--In 
                        carrying out coordination under clause (i), the 
                        Secretary of Commerce may consult with 
                        Manufacturing USA institutes that were in 
                        effect before the establishment of new 
                        Manufacturing USA institutes under subparagraph 
                        (A) to inform the Department of Commerce of 
                        additional new Manufacturing USA institutes 
                        necessary to fill gaps in the support of 
                        innovation and growth in domestic 
                        manufacturing.</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (iii) Involvement of existing 
                        manufacturing usa institutes authorized.--In 
                        coordination with the Secretary of Energy and 
                        the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of 
                        Commerce may involve Manufacturing USA 
                        institutes that were in effect before the 
                        establishment of new Manufacturing USA 
                        institutes under subparagraph (A) in the 
                        planning and execution of the new Manufacturing 
                        USA institutes.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) Manufacturing usa centers and public service 
        grants.--Of the amounts appropriated pursuant to the 
        authorization of appropriations in paragraph (1), $375,000,000 
        shall be available for the period described in such paragraph--
        </DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) for the Secretary, acting through the 
                Director and in consultation with the Secretary of 
                Energy, the Secretary of Defense, and the heads of such 
                other Federal agencies as the Secretary of Commerce 
                considers relevant, to recognize additional institutes 
                as Manufacturing USA institutes under section 
                34(d)(3)(B) of the National Institute of Standards and 
                Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278s(d)(3)(B)), giving 
                particular consideration to partnerships and 
                coordination with the Manufacturing USA institutes that 
                were already in effect, when practicable; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) to support the activities of 
                Manufacturing USA institutes and Manufacturing USA 
                centers through the award of grants under section 34(f) 
                of the National Institute of Standards and Technology 
                Act (15 U.S.C. 278s(f)).</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (4) Commercialization, workforce training, and 
        supply chain investment.--Of the amounts appropriated pursuant 
        to the authorization of appropriations in paragraph (1), 
        $100,000,000 shall be available for the period described in 
        such paragraph to support such programming for 
        commercialization, workforce training, and supply chain 
        activities across the Manufacturing USA Network as the 
        Secretary considers appropriate in consultation with the 
        Secretary of Energy, the Secretary of Defense, and the heads of 
        such other Federal agencies as the Secretary of Commerce 
        considers relevant.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (5) Ongoing support for existing manufacturing usa 
        institutes.--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) In general.--Of the amounts 
                appropriated pursuant to the authorization of 
                appropriations in paragraph (1), $725,000,000 shall be 
                available for the period described in such paragraph to 
                support Manufacturing USA institutes that were in 
                effect on the day before the date of the enactment of 
                this Act, of which $5,000,000 shall be available 
                (without cost share) to each such Manufacturing USA 
                institute each year for such period for ongoing 
                operation of the institutes, including operational 
                overhead, workforce training, and supply chain 
                activities.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) Additional support.--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) In general.--Of the amounts 
                        specified in subparagraph (A), amounts shall be 
                        available for financial assistance awards to 
                        conduct projects as follows:</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    (I) $100,000,000 shall be 
                                available for Manufacturing USA 
                                institutes that were established under 
                                section 34(e) of the National Institute 
                                of Standards and Technology Act (15 
                                U.S.C. 278s(e)) and that were in effect 
                                on the day before the date of the 
                                enactment of this Act.</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    (II) $10,000,000 shall be 
                                available each year for the period 
                                described in such paragraph for each 
                                Manufacturing USA institute that is not 
                                receiving Manufacturing USA Program 
                                funding from any other Federal 
                                agency.</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) Federal funds matching 
                        requirement.--A recipient of financial 
                        assistance for a project under clause (i) shall 
                        agree to make available to carry out the 
                        project an amount of non-Federal funds that is 
                        equal to or greater than 20 percent of the 
                        total cost of the project.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) Renewal requirements.--Receipt of 
                ongoing support under subparagraph (A) shall be subject 
                to the requirements of section 34(e)(2)(B) of the 
                National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 
                U.S.C. 278s(e)(2)(B)).</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (D) No cost share requirement.--The 
                Secretary shall not impose any cost share or matching 
                requirement on receipt of ongoing support under 
                subparagraph (A).</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (6) Management of interagency solicitations and 
        ongoing management.--Of the amounts appropriated pursuant to 
        the authorization of appropriations in paragraph (1), 
        $20,000,000 shall be available annually for the period 
        described in such paragraph for the National Program Office to 
        coordinate the activities of the Manufacturing USA Network and 
        manage interagency solicitations.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (c) Coordination Between Manufacturing USA Program and 
Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership.--The Secretary shall 
coordinate the activities of the Manufacturing USA Program and the 
activities of Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership with each 
other to the degree that doing so does not diminish the effectiveness 
of the ongoing activities of a Manufacturing USA institute or a Center 
(as the term is defined in section 25(a) of the National Institute of 
Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k(a))), including 
Manufacturing USA institutes entering into agreements with a Center (as 
so defined) that the Secretary considers appropriate to provide 
services relating to the mission of the Hollings Manufacturing 
Extension Partnership, including outreach, technical assistance, 
workforce development, and technology transfer and adoption assistance 
to small- and medium-sized manufacturers.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (d) Worker Advisory Council for Manufacturing USA 
Program.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) Establishment.--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) In general.--The Secretary of Commerce 
                shall, in coordination with the Secretary of Labor, the 
                Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of Energy, and the 
                Secretary of Education, establish an advisory council 
                for the Manufacturing USA Program on the development 
                and dissemination of techniques, policies, and 
                investments for high-road labor practices, worker 
                adaptation and success with technological change, and 
                increased worker participation across the Manufacturing 
                USA Network.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) Membership.--The council established 
                under subparagraph (A) shall be composed of not fewer 
                than 15 members appointed by the Secretary of Commerce, 
                of whom--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) four shall be from labor 
                        organizations;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) four shall be from 
                        educational institutions;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (iii) four shall be from labor-
                        management training, workforce development, and 
                        nonprofit organizations, including those that 
                        focus on workforce diversity and inclusion; 
                        and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (iv) three shall be from industry 
                        organizations or manufacturing firms, including 
                        small- and medium-sized 
                        manufacturers.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) Period of appointment; vacancies.--
                </DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) In general.--Each member of 
                        the council established under subparagraph (A) 
                        shall be appointed for a term of 3 years with 
                        the ability to renew the appointment for no 
                        more than 2 terms.</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) Vacancies.--Any member 
                        appointed to fill a vacancy occurring before 
                        the expiration of the term for which the 
                        member's predecessor was appointed shall be 
                        appointed only for the remainder of that term. 
                        A member may serve after the expiration of that 
                        term until a successor has been 
                        appointed.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (D) Meetings.--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) Initial meeting.--Not later 
                        than 180 days after the date of enactment of 
                        this Act, the council established under 
                        subparagraph (A) shall hold the first 
                        meeting.</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) Additional meetings.--After 
                        the first meeting of the council, the council 
                        shall meet upon the call of the Secretary, and 
                        at least once every 180 days 
                        thereafter.</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (iii) Quorum.--A majority of the 
                        members of the council shall constitute a 
                        quorum, but a lesser number of members may hold 
                        hearings.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (E) Chairperson and vice chairperson.--The 
                Secretary shall elect 1 member of the council 
                established under subparagraph (A) to serve as the 
                chairperson of the council and 1 member of the council 
                to serve as the vice chairperson of the 
                council.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Duties of the council.--The council 
        established under paragraph (1)(A) shall provide advice and 
        recommendations to the Secretary of Commerce on matters 
        concerning investment in and support of the manufacturing 
        workforce relating to the following:</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) Worker participation, including 
                through labor organizations, in the planning and 
                deployment of new technologies across an industry and 
                within workplaces.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) Policies to help workers adapt to 
                technological change, including training and education 
                priorities for the Federal Government and for employer 
                investments in workers.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) Assessments of impact on workers of 
                development of new technologies and processes by the 
                Manufacturing USA institutes.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (D) Management practices that prioritize 
                job quality, worker protection, worker participation 
                and power in decision making, and investment in worker 
                career success.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (E) Policies and procedures to prioritize 
                diversity and inclusion in the manufacturing and 
                technology workforce by expanding access to job, career 
                advancement, and management opportunities for 
                underrepresented populations.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (F) Assessments of technology improvements 
                achieved by the Manufacturing USA institutes and the 
                degree of domestic deployment of each new 
                technology.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (G) Such other matters as the Secretary 
                considers appropriate.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) Report.--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) Appropriate committees of congress 
                defined.--In this paragraph, the term ``appropriate 
                committees of Congress'' means--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) the Committee on Health, 
                        Education, Labor, and Pensions, the Committee 
                        on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, the 
                        Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, the 
                        Committee on Armed Services, and the Committee 
                        on Appropriations of the Senate; and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) the Committee on Education 
                        and Labor, the Committee on Science, Space, and 
                        Technology, the Committee on Energy and 
                        Commerce, the Committee on Armed Services, and 
                        the Committee on Appropriations of the House of 
                        Representatives.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) Report required.--Not later than 180 
                days after the date on which the council established 
                under paragraph (1)(A) holds its initial meeting under 
                paragraph (1)(D)(i) and annually thereafter, the 
                council shall submit to the appropriate committees of 
                Congress a report containing a detailed statement of 
                the advice and recommendations of the council pursuant 
                to paragraph (2).</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (4) Compensation.--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) Prohibition of compensation.--Members 
                of the Council may not receive additional pay, 
                allowances, or benefits by reason of their service on 
                the Council.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) Travel expenses.--Each member shall 
                receive travel expenses, including per diem in lieu of 
                subsistence, in accordance with applicable provisions 
                under subchapter I of chapter 57 of title 5, United 
                States Code.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (5) FACA applicability.--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) In general.--In discharging its duties 
                under this subsection, the council established under 
                paragraph (1)(A) shall function solely in an advisory 
                capacity, in accordance with the Federal Advisory 
                Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.).</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) Exception.--Section 14 of the Federal 
                Advisory Committee Act shall not apply to the 
                Council.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (e) Participation of Minority-Serving Institutions, 
Historically Black Colleges and Universities, and Tribal Colleges and 
Universities.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) In general.--The Secretary of Commerce, in 
        coordination with the Secretary of Energy, the Secretary of 
        Defense, and the heads of such other Federal agencies as the 
        Secretary of Commerce considers relevant, shall coordinate with 
        existing and new Manufacturing USA institutes to integrate 
        covered entities as active members of the Manufacturing USA 
        institutes, including through the development of preference 
        criteria for proposals to create new Manufacturing USA 
        institutes or renew existing Manufacturing USA institutes that 
        include meaningful participation from a covered entity or that 
        are led by a covered entity.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Covered entities.--For purposes of this 
        subsection, a covered entity is--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) a minority-serving 
                institution;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) an historically Black college or 
                university; or</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) a Tribal college or 
                university.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (f) Department of Commerce Policies To Promote Domestic 
Production of Technologies Developed Under Manufacturing USA Program.--
</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) Definition of domestic.--In this subsection, 
        the term ``domestic'', with respect to development or 
        production means development or production by, or with respect 
        to source means the source is, a person incorporated or formed 
        in the United States--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) that is not under foreign ownership, 
                control, or influence (FOCI) as defined in section 847 
                of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal 
                Year 2020 (Public Law 116-92);</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) whose beneficial owners, as defined in 
                section 847 of the National Defense Authorization Act 
                for Fiscal Year 2020 (Public Law 116-92), are United 
                States persons;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) whose management are United States 
                citizens;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (D) whose principal place of business is 
                in the United States; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (E) who is not--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) a foreign incorporated entity 
                        that is an inverted domestic corporation or any 
                        subsidiary of such entity; or</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) any joint venture if more 
                        than 10 percent of the joint venture (by vote 
                        or value) is held by a foreign incorporated 
                        entity that is an inverted domestic corporation 
                        or any subsidiary of such entity.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Policies.--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) In general.--The Secretary of 
                Commerce, in consultation with the Secretary of Energy, 
                the Secretary of Defense, and the heads of such other 
                Federal agencies as the Secretary of Commerce considers 
                relevant, shall establish policies to promote the 
                domestic production of technologies developed by the 
                Manufacturing USA Network.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) Elements.--The policies developed 
                under subparagraph (A) shall include the 
                following:</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) Measures to partner domestic 
                        developers of goods, services, or technologies 
                        by Manufacturing USA Network activities with 
                        domestic manufacturers and sources of 
                        financing.</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) Measures to develop and 
                        provide incentives to promote transfer of 
                        intellectual property and goods, services, or 
                        technologies developed by Manufacturing USA 
                        Network activities to domestic 
                        manufacturers.</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (iii) Measures to assist with 
                        supplier scouting and other supply chain 
                        development, including the use of the Hollings 
                        Manufacturing Extension Partnership to carry 
                        out such measures.</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (iv) A process to review and 
                        approve or deny membership in a Manufacturing 
                        USA institute by foreign-owned companies, 
                        especially from countries of concern, including 
                        the People's Republic of China.</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (v) Measures to prioritize Federal 
                        procurement of goods, services, or technologies 
                        developed by the Manufacturing USA Network 
                        activities from domestic sources, as 
                        appropriate.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) Processes for waivers.--The policies 
                established under this paragraph shall include 
                processes to permit waivers, on a case by case basis, 
                for policies that promote domestic production based on 
                cost, availability, severity of technical and mission 
                requirements, emergency requirements, operational 
                needs, other legal or international treaty obligations, 
                or other factors deemed important to the success of the 
                Manufacturing USA Program.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) Prohibition.--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) Company defined.--In this paragraph, 
                the term ``company'' has the meaning given such term in 
                section 847(a) of the National Defense Authorization 
                Act for Fiscal Year 2020 (Public Law 116-92; 10 U.S.C. 
                2509 note).</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) In general.--A company of the People's 
                Republic of China may not participate in the 
                Manufacturing USA Program or the Manufacturing USA 
                Network without a waiver, as described in paragraph 
                (2)(C).</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 10. TECHNOLOGY COMMERCIALIZATION REVIEW.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) Key Technology Focus Areas Defined.--In this section, 
the term ``key technology focus areas'' means the areas included on the 
most recent list under section 8A(d)(2) of the National Science 
Foundation Act of 1950.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Review and Recommendations Required.--Not later than 
180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Director of 
the Office of Science and Technology Policy, in consultation with the 
Director of the National Science Foundation and the Director of the 
National Institute of Standards and Technology, shall--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) review--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) the structure of current technology 
                research and commercialization arrangements with regard 
                to public-private partnerships; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) the extent to which intellectual 
                property developed with Federal funding--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) has been used by foreign 
                        business entities;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) is being used to manufacture 
                        in the United States rather than in other 
                        countries; and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (iii) is being used by foreign 
                        business entities domiciled or by foreign 
                        business entities affiliated with or subsidiary 
                        to foreign business entities in the People's 
                        Republic of China;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) develop recommendations for such legislative 
        or administrative action as may be necessary--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) to further incentivize industry 
                participation in public-private partnerships for the 
                purposes of accelerating technology research and 
                commercialization, including alternate ways of 
                accounting for in-kind contributions and value of 
                partially manufactured products;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) to ensure that intellectual property 
                developed with Federal funding is commercialized in the 
                United States; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) to ensure that intellectual property 
                developed with Federal funding is not being used by 
                foreign business entities or by foreign business 
                entities affiliated with or subsidiary to foreign 
                business entities domiciled in the People's Republic of 
                China; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) submit to the Secretary of Commerce and 
        Congress--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) the findings of the Director of the 
                Office of Science and Technology Policy with respect to 
                the reviews conducted under paragraph (1); 
                and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) the recommendations developed under 
                paragraph (2).</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 11. STUDY ON EMERGING SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY CHALLENGES 
              FACED BY THE UNITED STATES AND RECOMMENDATIONS TO ADDRESS 
              THEM.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) Short Title.--This section may be cited as the 
``National Strategy to Ensure American Leadership Act of 2021'' or the 
``National SEAL Act of 2021''.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Study.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) In general.--The Secretary of Commerce 
        (referred to in this section as the ``Secretary'') shall seek 
        to enter into an agreement with the National Academies of 
        Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to conduct a study--
        </DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) to identify the 10 most critical 
                emerging science and technology challenges facing the 
                United States; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) to develop recommendations for 
                legislative or administrative action to ensure United 
                States leadership in matters relating to such 
                challenges.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Elements.--The study conducted under paragraph 
        (1) shall include identification, review, and evaluation of the 
        following:</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) Matters pertinent to identification of 
                the challenges described in paragraph (1)(A).</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) Matters relating to the 
                recommendations developed under paragraph (1)(B), 
                including with respect to education and workforce 
                development necessary to address each of the challenges 
                identified under paragraph (1)(A).</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) Matters related to the review of key 
                technology areas by the Directorate for Technology and 
                Innovation of the National Science Foundation under 
                section 8A(d) of the National Science Foundation Act of 
                1950.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (D) An assessment of the current relative 
                balance in leadership in addressing the challenges 
                identified in paragraph (1)(A) between the United 
                States, allies or key partners of the United States, 
                and the People's Republic of China.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) Timeframe.--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) Agreement.--The Secretary shall seek 
                to enter into the agreement required by paragraph (1) 
                on or before the date that is 60 days after the date of 
                enactment of this Act.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) Findings.--Under an agreement entered 
                into under paragraph (1), the National Academies of 
                Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine shall, not later 
                than 1 year after the date on which the Secretary and 
                the National Academies enter into such agreement, 
                transmit to the Secretary the findings of the National 
                Academies with respect to the study conducted pursuant 
                to such agreement.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (c) Report.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) In general.--Not later than 30 days after the 
        date on which the Secretary receives the findings of the 
        National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine with 
        respect to the study conducted under subsection (b), the 
        Secretary shall submit to Congress a ``Strategy to Ensure 
        American Leadership'' report on such study.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Contents.--The report submitted under 
        paragraph (1) shall include the following:</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) The findings of the National Academies 
                of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine with respect to 
                the study conducted under subsection (b).</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) The conclusions of the Secretary with 
                respect to such findings.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) The recommendations developed under 
                subsection (b)(1)(B).</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (D) Such other recommendations for 
                legislative or administrative action as the Secretary 
                may have with respect to such findings and 
                conclusions.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) Classified annex.--The report submitted under 
        paragraph (1) shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may 
        include a classified annex if the Secretary determines 
        appropriate.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (d) Information From Federal Agencies.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) In general.--The National Academies of 
        Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine may secure directly from a 
        Federal department or agency such information as the National 
        Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine consider 
        necessary to carry out the study under subsection 
        (b).</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Furnishing information.--On request of the 
        National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine for 
        information, the head of the department or agency shall furnish 
        such information to the National Academies of Sciences, 
        Engineering, and Medicine.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (e) Consultation.--The Secretary of Defense and the 
Director of National Intelligence shall provide support upon request 
from the Secretary of Commerce or the National Academies to carry out 
this section.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (f) Non-Duplication of Effort.--In carrying out subsection 
(b), the Secretary shall, to the degree practicable, coordinate with 
the steering committee established under section 236(a) of the William 
M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 
2021 (Public Law 116-283).</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 12. COORDINATION OF ACTIVITIES.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    The Director of the Office of Science and Technology 
Policy, the Director of the National Economic Council, the Director of 
the Office of Management and Budget, the Director of the National 
Science Foundation, the Secretary of Commerce, and the Secretary of 
Energy shall, as applicable, coordinate with respect to activities of--
</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) the university technology centers established 
        under section 8A(d)(6) of the National Science Foundation Act 
        of 1950;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) the regional technology hubs under section 28 
        of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980, as 
        added by section 7;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) the Manufacturing USA Program established 
        under section 34(b)(1) of the National Institute of Standards 
        and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278s(b)(1));</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (4) federally funded research and development 
        centers;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (5) National Laboratories, as defined in section 2 
        of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 15801); 
        and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (6) Federal laboratories, as defined in section 4 
        of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 
        U.S.C. 3703).</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 13. PERSON OR ENTITY OF CONCERN PROHIBITION.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    No person published on the list under section 1237(b) of 
the Strom Thurmond National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 
1999 (Public Law 105-261; 50 U.S.C. 1701 note) or entity identified 
under section 1260H of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense 
Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public Law 116-283) may receive 
or participate in any grant, award, program, support, or other activity 
under--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) section 8A of the National Science Foundation 
        Act of 1950 (Public Law 81-507), as added by section 
        3;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) the Endless Frontier Fund under section 
        4;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) the supply chain resiliency program under 
        section 6;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (4) section 28(b)(1) of the Stevenson-Wydler 
        Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (Public Law 96-480), as added 
        by section 7(a);</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (5) section 29 of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology 
        Innovation Act of 1980 (Public Law 96-480), as added by section 
        8; or</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (6) the Manufacturing USA Program, as improved and 
        expanded under section 9.</DELETED>

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

    (a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``Endless Frontier 
Act''.
    (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents of this Act is as 
follows:

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
Sec. 2. Definitions.
Sec. 3. Sense of Congress.
Sec. 4. Interagency working group.
Sec. 5. Key technology focus areas.

                 TITLE I--NSF TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION

Sec. 101. Definitions.
Sec. 102. Directorate establishment and purpose.
Sec. 103. Personnel management.
Sec. 104. Innovation centers.
Sec. 105. Transition of NSF programs.
Sec. 106. Providing scholarships, fellowships, and other student 
                            support.
Sec. 107. Research and development.
Sec. 108. Test beds.
Sec. 109. Academic technology transfer.
Sec. 110. Capacity-building program for developing universities.
Sec. 111. Technical assistance.
Sec. 112. Coordination of activities.
Sec. 113. Reporting requirements.
Sec. 114. Hands-on learning program.
Sec. 115. Intellectual property protection.
Sec. 116. Authorization of appropriations for the Foundation.
Sec. 117. Authorization of appropriations for the Department of Energy.

   TITLE II--NSF RESEARCH, STEM, AND GEOGRAPHIC DIVERSITY INITIATIVES

Sec. 201. Chief Diversity Officer of the NSF.
Sec. 202. Programs to address the STEM workforce.
Sec. 203. Emerging research institution pilot program.
Sec. 204. Personnel management authorities for the Foundation.
Sec. 205. Advanced Technological Manufacturing Act.
Sec. 206. Intramural emerging institutions pilot program.
Sec. 207. Public-private partnerships.
Sec. 208. AI Scholarship-for-Service Act.
Sec. 209. Geographic diversity.
Sec. 210. Rural STEM Education Act.
Sec. 211. Quantum Network Infrastructure and Workforce Development Act.
Sec. 212. Supporting Early-Career Researchers Act.
Sec. 213. Advancing Precision Agriculture Capabilities Act.
Sec. 214. Critical minerals mining research.
Sec. 215. Caregiver policies.
Sec. 216. Presidential awards.
Sec. 217. Bioeconomy Research and Development Act of 2021.
Sec. 218. Microgravity Utilization Policy.

                      TITLE III--RESEARCH SECURITY

Sec. 301. National science foundation research security.
Sec. 302. Research security and integrity information sharing analysis 
                            organization.
Sec. 303. Foreign government talent recruitment program prohibition.
Sec. 304. Additional requirements for directorate research security.
Sec. 305. Protecting research from cyber theft.
Sec. 306. International standards development.
Sec. 307. Research funds accounting.
Sec. 308. Plan with respect to sensitive or controlled information and 
                            background screening.

                 TITLE IV--REGIONAL INNOVATION CAPACITY

Sec. 401. Regional technology hubs.
Sec. 402. Manufacturing USA Program.
Sec. 403. Establishment of expansion awards program in Hollings 
                            Manufacturing Extension Partnership and 
                            authorization of appropriations for the 
                            Partnership.
Sec. 404. National Manufacturing Advisory Council.

                         TITLE V--MISCELLANEOUS

Sec. 501. Strategy and report on economic security, science, research, 
                            and innovation to support the national 
                            security strategy.
Sec. 502. Person or entity of concern prohibition.
Sec. 503. Study on emerging science and technology challenges faced by 
                            the United States and recommendations to 
                            address them.
Sec. 504. Report on global semiconductor shortage.
Sec. 505. Supply chain resiliency program.
Sec. 506. Semiconductor incentives.
Sec. 507. Research investment to spark the Economy Act.
Sec. 508. Office of manufacturing and industrial innovation policy.
Sec. 509. Telecommunications Workforce Training Grant Program.
Sec. 510. Country Of Origin Labeling Online Act.
Sec. 511. Country of origin labeling for king crab and tanner crab.
Sec. 512. Internet exchanges and submarine cables.
Sec. 513. Study of sister city partnerships operating within the United 
                            States involving foreign communities in 
                            countries with significant public sector 
                            corruption.
Sec. 514. Prohibition on transfer, assignment, or disposition of 
                            construction permits and station licenses 
                            to entities subject to undue influence by 
                            the Chinese Communist Party or the 
                            Government of the People's Republic of 
                            China.
Sec. 515. Limitation on nuclear cooperation with the People's Republic 
                            of China.
Sec. 516. Certification.
Sec. 517. Fairness and due process in standards-setting bodies.
Sec. 518. Shark fin sales elimination.
Sec. 519. Sense of Congress on forced labor.
Sec. 520. Open network architecture.
Sec. 521. Combatting Sexual Harassment in Science.

                        TITLE VI--SPACE MATTERS

                         Subtitle A--SPACE Act

Sec. 601. Short title.
Sec. 602. Sense of Congress.
Sec. 603. Definitions.
Sec. 604. Space situational awareness data, information, and services: 
                            provision to non-United States Government 
                            entities.
Sec. 605. Centers of Excellence for Space Situational Awareness.

Subtitle B--National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization 
                                  Act

Sec. 611. Short title.
Sec. 612. Definitions.

                PART I--Authorization of Appropriations

Sec. 613. Authorization of appropriations.

               PART II--Human Spaceflight and Exploration

Sec. 614. Competitiveness within the human landing system program.
Sec. 615. Space launch system configurations.
Sec. 616. Advanced spacesuits.
Sec. 617. Acquisition of domestic space transportation and logistics 
                            resupply services.
Sec. 618. Rocket engine test infrastructure.
Sec. 619. Pearl River maintenance.
Sec. 620. Value of International Space Station and capabilities in low-
                            Earth orbit.
Sec. 621. Extension and modification relating to International Space 
                            Station.
Sec. 622. Department of Defense activities on International Space 
                            Station.
Sec. 623. Commercial development in low-Earth orbit.
Sec. 624. Maintaining a national laboratory in space.
Sec. 625. International Space Station national laboratory; property 
                            rights in inventions.
Sec. 626. Data first produced during non-NASA scientific use of the ISS 
                            national laboratory.
Sec. 627. Payments received for commercial space-enabled production on 
                            the ISS.
Sec. 628. Stepping stone approach to exploration.
Sec. 629. Technical amendments relating to Artemis missions.

                           PART III--Science

Sec. 631. Science priorities.
Sec. 632. Lunar discovery program.
Sec. 633. Search for life.
Sec. 634. James Webb Space Telescope.
Sec. 635. Wide-Field Infrared Survey Telescope.
Sec. 636. Study on satellite servicing for science missions.
Sec. 637. Earth science missions and programs.
Sec. 638. Life science and physical science research.
Sec. 639. Science missions to Mars.
Sec. 640. Planetary Defense Coordination Office.
Sec. 641. Suborbital science flights.
Sec. 642. Earth science data and observations.
Sec. 643. Sense of Congress on small satellite science.
Sec. 644. Sense of Congress on commercial space services.
Sec. 645. Procedures for identifying and addressing alleged violations 
                            of scientific integrity policy.

                          PART IV--Aeronautics

Sec. 646. Short title.
Sec. 647. Definitions.
Sec. 648. Experimental aircraft projects.
Sec. 649. Unmanned aircraft systems.
Sec. 650. 21st Century Aeronautics Capabilities Initiative.
Sec. 651. Sense of Congress on on-demand air transportation.
Sec. 652. Sense of Congress on hypersonic technology research.

                        PART V--Space Technology

Sec. 653. Space Technology Mission Directorate.
Sec. 654. Flight opportunities program.
Sec. 655. Small Spacecraft Technology Program.
Sec. 656. Nuclear propulsion technology.
Sec. 657. Mars-forward technologies.
Sec. 658. Prioritization of low-enriched uranium technology.
Sec. 659. Sense of Congress on next-generation communications 
                            technology.
Sec. 660. Lunar surface technologies.

                        PART VI--STEM Engagement

Sec. 661. Sense of Congress.
Sec. 662. STEM education engagement activities.
Sec. 663. Skilled technical education outreach program.
Sec. 664. National space grant college and fellowship program.

                PART VII--Workforce and Industrial Base

Sec. 665. Appointment and compensation pilot program.
Sec. 666. Establishment of multi-institution consortia.
Sec. 667. Expedited access to technical talent and expertise.
Sec. 668. Report on industrial base for civil space missions and 
                            operations.
Sec. 669. Separations and retirement incentives.
Sec. 670. Confidentiality of medical quality assurance records.

                  PART VIII--Miscellaneous Provisions

Sec. 671. Contracting authority.
Sec. 672. Authority for transaction prototype projects and follow-on 
                            production contracts.
Sec. 673. Protection of data and information from public disclosure.
Sec. 674. Physical security modernization.
Sec. 675. Lease of non-excess property.
Sec. 676. Cybersecurity.
Sec. 677. Limitation on cooperation with the People's Republic of 
                            China.
Sec. 678. Consideration of issues related to contracting with entities 
                            receiving assistance from or affiliated 
                            with the People's Republic of China.
Sec. 679. Small satellite launch services program.
Sec. 680. 21st century space launch infrastructure.
Sec. 681. Missions of national need.
Sec. 682. Drinking water well replacement for Chincoteague, Virginia.
Sec. 683. Passenger carrier use.
Sec. 684. Use of commercial near-space balloons.
Sec. 685. President's Space Advisory Board.
Sec. 686. Initiative on technologies for noise and emissions 
                            reductions.
Sec. 687. Remediation of sites contaminated with trichloroethylene.
Sec. 688. Review on preference for domestic suppliers.
Sec. 689. Report on use of commercial spaceports licensed by the 
                            Federal Aviation Administration.
Sec. 690. Active orbital debris mitigation.
Sec. 691. Study on commercial communications services.

SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS.

    Unless otherwise specified, in this Act:
            (1) Apprenticeship.--The term ``apprenticeship'' means an 
        apprenticeship registered under the Act of August 16, 1937 
        (commonly known as the ``National Apprenticeship Act''; 50 
        Stat. 664, chapter 663; 29 U.S.C. 50 et seq.) that meets the 
        standards of subpart A of part 29 and part 30 of title 29, Code 
        of Federal Regulations.
            (2) Director.--The term ``Director'' means the Director of 
        the National Science Foundation.
            (3) Directorate.--The term ``Directorate'' means the 
        Directorate for Technology and Innovation established under 
        section 102.
            (4) Emerging research institution.--The term ``emerging 
        research institution'' means an institution of higher education 
        with an established undergraduate or graduate program that has, 
        on average for the 3 years prior to an application for an award 
        under this Act, received less than $50,000,000 in Federal 
        research funding.
            (5) EPSCoR.--The term ``EPSCoR'' means the Established 
        Program to Stimulate Competitive Research under section 113 of 
        the National Science Foundation Authorization Act of 1988 (42 
        U.S.C. 1862g).
            (6) Foundation.--The term ``Foundation'' means the National 
        Science Foundation.
            (7) Historically black college or university.--The term 
        ``historically Black college or university'' has the meaning 
        given the term ``part B institution'' in section 322 of the 
        Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1061).
            (8) Institution of higher education.--The term 
        ``institution of higher education'' has the meaning given the 
        term in section 101 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
        U.S.C. 1001).
            (9) Key technology focus areas.--The term ``key technology 
        focus areas'' means the areas included on the most recent list 
        under section 5.
            (10) Minority-serving institution.--The term ``minority-
        serving institution'' means an institution described in section 
        371(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
        1067q(a)).
            (11) STEM.--The term ``STEM'' means the academic and 
        professional disciplines of science, technology, engineering, 
        and mathematics, including computer science.

SEC. 3. SENSE OF CONGRESS.

    It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) the National Science Foundation, the Department of 
        Energy and its National Laboratories (as defined in section 2 
        of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 15801)), and other 
        key Federal agencies have carried out vital work supporting 
        basic and applied research to create knowledge that is a key 
        driver of the economy of the United States and a critical 
        component of national security;
            (2) openness to diverse perspectives and a focus on freedom 
        from censorship and political bias will continue to make 
        educational and research institutions in the United States 
        beacons to thousands of students from across the world;
            (3) increasing research and technology transfer 
        investments, building regional capacity and reducing geographic 
        disparity, strengthening supply chains, and increasing 
        capabilities in key technology focus areas will enhance the 
        competitive advantage and leadership of the United States in 
        the global economy;
            (4) the Federal Government must utilize the full talent and 
        potential of the entire Nation by avoiding undue geographic 
        concentration of research and education funding, encouraging 
        broader participation of populations underrepresented in STEM, 
        and collaborating with non-government partners to ensure the 
        leadership of the United States in technological innovation; 
        and
            (5) authorization and funding for investments in research, 
        education, technology transfer, intellectual property, 
        manufacturing, and other core strengths of the United States 
        innovation ecosystem, including at the National Science 
        Foundation and the Department of Energy, should be done on a 
        bipartisan basis.

SEC. 4. INTERAGENCY WORKING GROUP.

    (a) Establishment.--The Director of the Office of Science and 
Technology Policy, acting through the National Science and Technology 
Council, shall establish or designate an interagency working group to 
coordinate the activities specified in subsection (c).
    (b) Composition.--The interagency working group shall be composed 
of the following members (or their designees), who may be organized 
into subcommittees, as appropriate:
            (1) The Secretary of Commerce.
            (2) The Director of the National Science Foundation.
            (3) The Secretary of Energy.
            (4) The Secretary of Defense.
            (5) The Director of the National Economic Council.
            (6) The Director of the Office of Management and Budget.
            (7) The Secretary of Health and Human Services.
            (8) The Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space 
        Administration.
            (9) The Secretary of Agriculture.
            (10) The Director of National Intelligence.
            (11) The Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation.
            (12) Such other Federal officials as the Director of the 
        Office of Science and Technology Policy considers appropriate, 
        including members of the National Science and Technology 
        Council Committee on Technology.
    (c) Coordination.--The interagency working group shall ensure that 
the activities of different Federal agencies enhance and complement, 
but, as appropriate, do not duplicate, efforts being carried out by 
another Federal agency, with a focus on--
            (1) the activities of the National Science Foundation 
        Technology and Innovation Directorate in the key technology 
        focus areas, such as within the innovation centers under 
        section 104 and test beds under section 108 under this Act;
            (2) the activities of the Department of Commerce under this 
        Act, including regional technology hubs under section 28 of the 
        Stevenson-Wydler Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 13701 et seq.), the 
        Manufacturing USA Program established under section 34(b)(1) of 
        the National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 
        U.S.C. 278s(b)(1)), and the Hollings Manufacturing Extension 
        Partnership;
            (3) the activities of the Department of Energy in the key 
        technology focus areas, including at the national laboratories, 
        as defined in section 2 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 
        U.S.C. 15801), and at Federal laboratories, as defined in 
        section 4 of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 
        1980 (15 U.S.C. 3703), and facilities and user facilities 
        operated in partnership with such national laboratories or the 
        Department of Energy; and
            (4) any other program that the Director of the Office of 
        Science and Technology Policy determines involves research and 
        development with respect to the key technology focus areas.
    (d) Report.--The interagency working group shall--
            (1) by not later than 180 days after the date of enactment 
        of this Act--
                    (A) conduct an initial review of Federal programs 
                and resources with respect to the key technology focus 
                areas identified pursuant to section 5(a), in order 
                to--
                            (i) assess current level of efforts and 
                        characterize existing research infrastructure, 
                        as of the date of the review;
                            (ii) identify potential areas of overlap or 
                        duplication with respect to the key technology 
                        focus areas; and
                            (iii) identify potential cross-agency 
                        collaborations and joint funding opportunities; 
                        and
                    (B) review whether Federal investments in the key 
                technology focus areas have resulted in new domestic 
                manufacturing capacity and job creation;
                    (C) submit a report regarding the review described 
                in subparagraph (A) to Congress; and
                    (D) seek stakeholder input and recommendations in 
                the course of such review;
            (2) shall carry out the annual reviews and updates required 
        under section 5.
    (e) Detailed Description.--The National Science Foundation and the 
Department of Energy shall, in coordination with the Office of 
Management and Budget, submit as part of their annual budget requests 
to Congress, a detailed description of the activities to be funded 
under this Act, including an explanation of how the requested funding 
is complementary and not redundant of programs, efforts, and 
infrastructure undertaken or supported by other relevant Federal 
agencies.
    (f) Conflicts.--If any conflicts between Federal agencies arise 
while carrying out the activities under this section, the President 
shall make the final decision regarding resolution of the conflict.

SEC. 5. KEY TECHNOLOGY FOCUS AREAS.

    (a) In General.--
            (1) Initial list.--The initial key technology focus areas 
        are:
                    (A) Artificial intelligence, machine learning, 
                autonomy, and related advances.
                    (B) High performance computing, semiconductors, and 
                advanced computer hardware and software.
                    (C) Quantum information science and technology.
                    (D) Robotics, automation, and advanced 
                manufacturing.
                    (E) Natural and anthropogenic disaster prevention 
                or mitigation.
                    (F) Advanced communications technology and 
                immersive technology.
                    (G) Biotechnology, medical technology, genomics, 
                and synthetic biology.
                    (H) Data storage, data management, distributed 
                ledger technologies, and cybersecurity, including 
                biometrics.
                    (I) Advanced energy, batteries, and industrial 
                efficiency, including advanced nuclear technologies for 
                the purposes of electric generation (consistent with 
                section 15 of the National Science Foundation Act of 
                1950 (42 U.S.C. 1874).
                    (J) Advanced materials science, including 
                composites and 2D materials.
            (2) Review and updates.--The Director and the Secretary of 
        Energy, in coordination with the interagency working group 
        established under section 4 and in consultation with the 
        Director of National Intelligence and the Director of the 
        Federal Bureau of Investigation, shall annually review, and 
        update as required, the list of key technology focus areas for 
        purposes of this Act.
    (b) Annual Review.--In annually reviewing and updating (as 
necessary) the list of key technology focus areas, the Director of the 
National Science Foundation and the Secretary of Energy, in 
coordination with the interagency working group established under 
section 4--
            (1) shall consider input from relevant industries;
            (2) may consider the challenges and recommendations 
        identified in the report required by section 503 and in other 
        relevant reports, such as technology and global trend reports 
        from the defense and intelligence communities;
            (3) shall consider the potential impact of the key 
        technology focus areas on addressing national challenges, 
        including competitive and security threats to the United States 
        and to United States industries, including agriculture; and
            (4) subject to the limitation under subsection (c), may add 
        or delete key technology focus areas in light of shifting 
        national needs or competitive threats to the United States 
        (including for reasons of the United States or other countries 
        having advanced or fallen behind in a technological area).
    (c) Limit on Key Technology Focus Areas.--Not more than 10 key 
technology focus areas shall be included on the list of key technology 
focus areas at any time. Engineering and exploration relevant to the 
other key technology focus areas described in this section shall be 
considered part of the relevant key technology focus area.
    (d) Reporting.--The Director and the Secretary of Energy shall 
annually deliver a report to Congress detailing--
            (1) the key technology focus areas and rationale for their 
        selection;
            (2) the role of the Foundation, the Department of Energy, 
        and other Federal entities, as relevant, in advancing the key 
        technology focus areas; and
            (3) the impact, including to the academic research 
        community, of any changes to the key technology focus areas.
    (e) National Academies.--Not later than 5 years after the date of 
enactment of this Act, the Director shall contract with the National 
Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to conduct a review of 
the key technology focus areas.

                 TITLE I--NSF TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION

SEC. 101. DEFINITIONS.

    In this title:
            (1) Designated country.--
                    (A) In general.--The term ``designated country''--
                            (i) except as provided in clause (ii), 
                        means--
                                    (I) Australia;
                                    (II) Canada;
                                    (III) New Zealand;
                                    (IV) the United Kingdom;
                                    (V) the State of Israel;
                                    (VI) Taiwan; and
                                    (VII) any other country that has 
                                been approved and designated in writing 
                                by the President for purposes of this 
                                Act, after providing--
                                            (aa) not less than 30 days 
                                        of advance notification and 
                                        explanation to the relevant 
                                        congressional committees before 
                                        the designation; and
                                            (bb) in-person briefings to 
                                        such committees, if requested 
                                        during the 30-day advance 
                                        notification period described 
                                        in item (aa); and
                            (ii) excludes any country that takes 
                        actions to boycott, divest from, or sanction 
                        Israel.
                    (B) Actions to boycott, divest from, or sanction 
                israel.--For purposes of subparagraph (A)(ii), the term 
                ``actions to boycott, divest from, or sanction Israel'' 
                has the meaning given such term in section 
                102(b)(20)(B) of the Bipartisan Congressional Trade 
                Priorities and Accountability Act of 2015 (19 U.S.C. 
                4201(b)(20)(B)).
            (2) Labor organization.--The term ``labor organization'' 
        has the meaning given the term in section 2(5) of the National 
        Labor Relations Act (29 U.S.C. 152(5)), except that such term 
        shall also include--
                    (A) any organization composed of labor 
                organizations, such as a labor union federation or a 
                State or municipal labor body; and
                    (B) any organization which would be included in the 
                definition for such term under such section 2(5) but 
                for the fact that the organization represents--
                            (i) individuals employed by the United 
                        States, any wholly owned Government 
                        corporation, any Federal Reserve Bank, or any 
                        State or political subdivision thereof;
                            (ii) individuals employed by persons 
                        subject to the Railway Labor Act (45 U.S.C. 151 
                        et seq.); or
                            (iii) individuals employed as agricultural 
                        laborers.
            (3) National laboratory.--The term ``National Laboratory'' 
        has the meaning given the term in section 3 of the Energy 
        Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 15801).
            (4) Tribal college or university.--The term ``Tribal 
        College or University'' has the meaning given the term in 
        section 316(b)(3) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
        U.S.C. 1059c(b)(3)).

SEC. 102. DIRECTORATE ESTABLISHMENT AND PURPOSE.

    (a) Establishment of Directorate for Technology and Innovation.--
Subject to the availability of appropriations and not later than 180 
days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Director shall 
establish a Directorate for Technology and Innovation in the 
Foundation.
    (b) Purposes.--The Directorate shall further the following 
purposes:
            (1) Strengthening the leadership of the United States in 
        critical technologies, including as relevant to the critical 
        national needs described in section 7018 of the America 
        COMPETES Act (42 U.S.C. 1862o-5).
            (2) Addressing and mitigating technology challenges 
        integral to the geostrategic position of the United States 
        through the activities authorized by this title.
            (3) Enhancing the competitiveness of the United States by 
        improving education in the key technology focus areas and 
        attracting more students to such areas at all levels of 
        education.
            (4) Accelerating the translation and development of 
        scientific advances in the key technology focus areas into 
        processes and products in the United States.
            (5) Utilizing the full potential of the United States 
        workforce by avoiding undue geographic concentration of 
        research and development and education funding across the 
        United States, and encouraging broader participation in the key 
        technology focus areas by populations underrepresented in STEM.
            (6) Ensuring the programmatic work of the Directorate and 
        Foundation incorporates a workforce perspective from labor 
        organizations and workforce training organizations.
    (c) Activities.--The Directorate--
            (1) shall support basic and applied research, and 
        technology development of such research, including through 
        awards to individual researchers, entities, or consortia and 
        through diverse funding mechanisms and models;
            (2) shall identify and develop opportunities to coordinate 
        and collaborate on research, development, and 
        commercialization--
                    (A) with other directorates and offices of the 
                Foundation;
                    (B) with stakeholders in academia, the private 
                sector, and nonprofit entities; and
                    (C) with other Federal research agencies, as well 
                as State and local governments;
            (3) shall provide awards for research and development 
        projects designed to achieve specific technology metrics or 
        objectives;
            (4) may support research and technology development 
        infrastructure, including testbeds, to advance the development, 
        operation, integration, and deployment of innovation;
            (5) shall identify and develop opportunities to reduce 
        barriers for technology transfer, including intellectual 
        property frameworks between academia and industry, nonprofit 
        entities, and the venture capital communities;
            (6) shall build capacity for research at institutions of 
        higher education across the United States;
            (7) shall partner with other directorates and offices of 
        the Foundation for projects or research, including--
                    (A) to pursue basic questions about natural, human, 
                and physical phenomena that could enable advances in 
                the key technology focus areas;
                    (B) to study questions that could affect the design 
                (including human interfaces), safety, security, 
                operation, deployment, or the social and ethical 
                consequences of technologies in the key technology 
                focus areas, including the development of technologies 
                that complement or enhance the abilities of workers and 
                impact of specific innovations on domestic jobs and 
                equitable opportunity; and
                    (C) to further the creation of a domestic workforce 
                capable of advancing, using, and adapting to key 
                technology focus areas and understanding and improving 
                the impact of key technology focus areas on STEM 
                teaching and learning by advancing the key technology 
                focus areas, including engaging relevant partners in 
                research and innovation programs;
            (8) may make awards under the SBIR and STTR programs (as 
        defined in section 9(e) of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 
        638(e)); and
            (9) may enter into and perform such contracts, make such 
        financial assistance awards, carry out such other transactions, 
        or make such other arrangements, or modifications thereof, as 
        may be necessary in the conduct of the work of the Directorate 
        and on such terms as the Director considers appropriate, in 
        furtherance of the purposes of this title.
    (d) Assistant Director.--
            (1) Appointment.--The Director shall appoint an Assistant 
        Director for the Directorate, in the same manner as other 
        Assistant Directors of the Foundation are appointed.
            (2) Qualifications.--Each Assistant Director for the 
        Directorate shall be an individual, who by reason of 
        professional background and experience, is specially qualified 
        to advise the Foundation on all matters pertaining to research, 
        development, and commercialization at the Foundation, including 
        partnerships with the private sector and other users of 
        Foundation funded research.
    (e) Considerations.--After completion of the studies regarding 
emerging technologies conducted by the Secretary of Commerce under 
title XV of division FF of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 
(Public Law 116-260), the Director shall consider the results of such 
studies in carrying out the activities of the Directorate.

SEC. 103. PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT.

    (a) Personnel.--The Director shall establish and maintain within 
the Directorate a staff with sufficient qualifications and expertise to 
enable the Directorate to carry out its responsibilities under this 
title.
    (b) Program Directors.--
            (1) Designation.--The Director may designate employees to 
        serve as program directors for the programs established within 
        the Directorate pursuant to the responsibilities established 
        under paragraph (2). The Director shall ensure that program 
        directors--
                    (A) have expertise in the key technology focus 
                areas; and
                    (B) come from a variety of backgrounds, including 
                industry, and from a variety of institutions of higher 
                education.
            (2) Responsibilities.--A program director of a program of 
        the Directorate shall be responsible for--
                    (A) establishing research and development goals for 
                the program, including through the convening of 
                workshops and conferring with outside experts and by 
                publicizing the goals of the program to the public and 
                private sectors;
                    (B) soliciting proposals from entities to conduct 
                research in areas of particular promise within key 
                technology focus areas, especially areas that the 
                private sector or the Federal Government are not likely 
                to undertake alone;
                    (C) identifying areas for research and development;
                    (D) building research collaborations for carrying 
                out the program;
                    (E) reviewing applications for projects to be 
                supported under the program, and considering--
                            (i) the novelty and scientific and 
                        technical merit of the proposed projects;
                            (ii) broader impacts criteria under section 
                        526 of the National Science Foundation 
                        Authorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 1862p-14);
                            (iii) the demonstrated capabilities of the 
                        applicants to successfully carry out the 
                        proposed project;
                            (iv) the consideration by the applicant of 
                        future commercial applications of the project, 
                        including the feasibility of partnering with 1 
                        or more commercial entities; and
                            (v) such other criteria as are established 
                        by the Director; and
                    (F) monitoring the progress of projects supported 
                under the program and recommending program restructure 
                or termination, as needed.
            (3) Terms.--Program directors of the Directorate may be 
        appointed by the Director for a limited term, renewable at the 
        discretion of the Director.
    (c) Selection Criteria and Report.--
            (1) Peer review.--The Directorate may use a peer review 
        process to inform the selection of award recipients.
            (2) Report.--Not later than 18 months after the 
        establishment of the Directorate, the Director shall prepare 
        and submit a report to Congress regarding the use of 
        alternative methods for the selection of award recipients and 
        the distribution of funding to recipients, as compared to the 
        traditional peer review process.
    (d) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this section shall be 
construed to modify the authority of the Director or the National 
Science Board with respect to the selection of recipients for funding 
from the Foundation.

SEC. 104. INNOVATION CENTERS.

    (a) University Technology Center Program.--
            (1) In general.--From amounts made available to the 
        Directorate, the Director shall establish a program in the 
        Directorate to make awards, through a competitive selection 
        process, to eligible entities to establish university 
        technology centers.
            (2) Purpose.--The purpose of the university technology 
        centers shall be to--
                    (A) conduct multi-disciplinary, collaborative basic 
                and applied research, relevant to at least one of the 
                key technology focus areas;
                    (B) leverage the expertise of multi-disciplinary 
                and multi-sector partners, including partners from 
                private industry;
                    (C) further the development, deployment, and 
                commercialization of innovations, including inventions, 
                in the key technology focus areas, including those 
                derived from the activities of the university 
                technology center; and
                    (D) support the development of scientific, 
                innovation, entrepreneurial, and educational capacity 
                within the region of the university technology center.
            (3) Use of funds.--University technology centers 
        established under this subsection may use support provided--
                    (A) to carry out research to advance innovation in 
                the key technology focus areas;
                    (B) for technology development activities such as 
                proof-of-concept development, prototyping, design 
                modification, experimental development, and other 
                actions to reduce the cost, time, and risk of 
                commercializing new technologies;
                    (C) for the costs of equipment and 
                cyberinfrastructure;
                    (D) for the costs associated with technology 
                transfer and commercialization, including patenting and 
                licensing; or
                    (E) for operations and staff.
            (4) Selection process.--In selecting recipients under this 
        subsection, the Director shall consider, in addition to the 
        scientific and technical merit of the proposal--
                    (A) maximizing regional and geographic diversity of 
                the university technology centers, including by 
                considering rural-serving institutions of higher 
                education (as defined in section 861(b) of the Higher 
                Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1161a(b));
                    (B) the extent to which the applicant's proposal 
                would broaden participation by populations 
                underrepresented in STEM;
                    (C) the capacity of the applicant to engage 
                industry, labor, and other appropriate organizations 
                and, where applicable, contribute to growth in domestic 
                manufacturing capacity and job creation;
                    (D) in the case of a consortium, the extent to 
                which the proposal includes institutions listed in 
                paragraph (7)(C)(ii);
                    (E) the amount of funds from industry organizations 
                described in paragraph (5)(A)(ii) the applicant would 
                use towards establishing the university technology 
                center;
                    (F) the plan and capability of the applicant to 
                take measures to prevent the inappropriate use of the 
                research and technology of the center, including 
                research results, data, and intellectual property, as 
                appropriate and consistent with the requirements of the 
                relevant award; and
                    (G) the plan and capability of the applicant to 
                support proof-of-concept development and prototyping as 
                well as technology transfer and commercialization 
                activities.
            (5) Requirements.--
                    (A) In general.--The Director shall ensure that any 
                eligible entity receiving an award under this 
                subsection has--
                            (i) the capacity or the ability to acquire 
                        the capacity to advance the purposes described 
                        in section 102(b); and
                            (ii) secured contributions for establishing 
                        the university technology center under this 
                        subsection from industry or other non-Federal 
                        organizations in an amount not less than 10 
                        percent of the total amount of the award the 
                        eligible entity would receive under this 
                        subsection.
                    (B) Consortium eligibility.--To be eligible to 
                receive an award for the establishment and operation of 
                a university technology center, a consortium shall be 
                composed of not fewer than 2 entities as described in 
                paragraph (7)(C) and operate subject to a binding 
                agreement, entered into by each member of the 
                consortium, that documents--
                            (i) the proposed partnership agreement, 
                        including the governance and management 
                        structure of the university technology center;
                            (ii) measures the consortium will undertake 
                        to enable cost-effective implementation of 
                        activities under paragraph (3);
                            (iii) a proposed budget, including 
                        financial contributions from non-Federal 
                        sources; and
                            (iv) the plan for ownership and use of any 
                        intellectual property developed by the center.
            (6) Support of regional technology hubs.--Each university 
        technology center established under this subsection may support 
        and participate in, as appropriate, the activities of any 
        regional technology hub designated under section 28 of the 
        Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 
        3701 et seq.), as amended by section 401 of this Act.
            (7) Eligible entity.--In this subsection, the term 
        ``eligible entity'' means--
                    (A) an individual institution of higher education;
                    (B) a nonprofit entity; or
                    (C) a consortium that--
                            (i) shall include and be led by an 
                        institution of higher education or by a 
                        nonprofit entity, designed to support 
                        technology development;
                            (ii) shall include 1 or more institution 
                        that is--
                                    (I) a historically Black college or 
                                university;
                                    (II) a Tribal College or 
                                University;
                                    (III) a minority-serving 
                                institution (or an institution of 
                                higher education with an established 
                                STEM capacity building program focused 
                                on traditionally underrepresented 
                                populations in STEM, including Native 
                                Hawaiians, Alaska Natives, and other 
                                Indians);
                                    (IV) an institution that 
                                participates in the Established Program 
                                to Stimulate Competitive Research under 
                                section 113 of the National Science 
                                Foundation Authorization Act of 1988 
                                (42 U.S.C. 1862g);
                                    (V) an emerging research 
                                institution; or
                                    (VI) a community college; and
                            (iii) may include 1 or more--
                                    (I) additional entities described 
                                in subparagraph (A) or (B);
                                    (II) industry entities, including 
                                startups, small businesses, and public-
                                private partnerships;
                                    (III) economic development 
                                organizations or venture development 
                                organizations, as such terms are 
                                defined in section 28(a) of the 
                                Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation 
                                Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 13701 et seq.), 
                                as amended by section 401 of this Act;
                                    (IV) National Laboratories;
                                    (V) Federal laboratories, as 
                                defined in section 4 of the Stevenson-
                                Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 
                                1980 (15 U.S.C. 3703);
                                    (VI) Federal research facilities;
                                    (VII) labor organizations;
                                    (VIII) entities described in 
                                subparagraph (A) or (B) from allied or 
                                partner countries;
                                    (IX) other entities if determined 
                                by the Director to be vital to the 
                                success of the program; and
                                    (X) binational research and 
                                development foundations and funds, 
                                excluding foreign entities of concern, 
                                as defined in section 307.
    (b) Innovation Institute.--
            (1) In general.--The Director shall establish innovation 
        institutes to further the research, development, and 
        commercialization of innovation in the key technology focus 
        areas.
            (2) Partnerships.--
                    (A) In general.--Each innovation institute shall be 
                comprised of a partnership including 2 or more of the 
                following entities:
                            (i) An institution of higher education.
                            (ii) A for-profit company.
                            (iii) A nonprofit organization.
                            (iv) A Federal agency.
                            (v) Another entity, if that entity is 
                        determined by the Director to be vital to the 
                        success of the program.
                    (B) Co-equal.--Each entity comprising the institute 
                shall, to the extent practicable, work as co-equal 
                partners in terms of funding and research efforts in 
                support of the institute.
                    (C) Institutional or organizational level.--The 
                Director shall work to ensure that such partnerships 
                exist at the institutional or organization level, 
                rather than solely at the principal investigator level.
            (3) Cost share.--To the extent practicable, not less than 
        half of the funding for an institute shall be provided by non-
        Federal entities.
    (c) Number of Centers and Institutes Established.--The Director 
shall endeavor to establish a balance in the number of university 
technology centers and innovation institutes.

SEC. 105. TRANSITION OF NSF PROGRAMS.

    The Director may transition the management of existing programs of 
the National Science Foundation that conduct activities in addition to 
basic research to the Directorate, including--
            (1) Convergence Accelerator;
            (2) Industry-University Cooperative Research Centers;
            (3) National AI Research Institutes;
            (4) Innovation Corps (I-Corps), as described in section 601 
        of the American Innovation and Competitiveness Act (42 U.S.C. 
        1862s-8); and
            (5) any other programs that the Director considers 
        appropriate.

SEC. 106. PROVIDING SCHOLARSHIPS, FELLOWSHIPS, AND OTHER STUDENT 
              SUPPORT.

    (a) In General.--The Director, acting through the Directorate, 
shall fund undergraduate scholarships (including at community 
colleges), graduate fellowships and traineeships, and postdoctoral 
awards in the key technology focus areas.
    (b) Implementation.--The Director may carry out subsection (a) by 
making awards--
            (1) directly to students; and
            (2) to institutions of higher education or consortia of 
        institutions of higher education, including those institutions 
        or consortia involved in operating university technology 
        centers established under section 104(a).
    (c) Broadening Participation.--In carrying out this section, the 
Director shall take steps to increase the participation of populations 
that are underrepresented in STEM, which may include--
            (1) establishing or augmenting programs targeted at 
        populations that are underrepresented in STEM;
            (2) supporting traineeships or other relevant programs at 
        minority-serving institutions (or institutions of higher 
        education with an established STEM capacity building program 
        focused on traditionally underrepresented populations in STEM, 
        including Native Hawaiians, Alaska Natives, and other Indians);
            (3) addressing current and expected gaps in the 
        availability or skills of the STEM workforce, or addressing 
        needs of the STEM workforce, including by increasing 
        educational capacity at institutions and by prioritizing awards 
        to United States citizens, permanent residents, and individuals 
        that will grow the domestic workforce; and
            (4) addressing geographic diversity in the STEM workforce.
    (d) Innovation.--In carrying out this section, the Director shall 
encourage innovation in graduate education, including through 
encouraging institutions of higher education to offer graduate students 
opportunities to gain experience in industry or Government as part of 
their graduate training, and through support for students in 
professional masters programs related to the key technology focus 
areas.
    (e) Areas of Funding Support.--Subject to the availability of funds 
to carry out this section, the Director shall--
            (1) issue--
                    (A) postdoctoral awards,
                    (B) graduate fellowships and traineeships, 
                inclusive of the NSF Research Traineeships and 
                fellowships awarded under the Graduate Research 
                Fellowship Program; and
                    (C) scholarships, including undergraduate 
                scholarships, research experiences, and internships, 
                including--
                            (i) scholarships to attend community 
                        colleges; and
                            (ii) research experiences and internships 
                        under sections 513, 514, and 515 of the America 
                        COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 
                        1862p-5; 1862p-6; 1862p-7);
            (2) ensure that not less than 10 percent of the funds made 
        available to carry out this section are used to support 
        additional awards that focus on community college training, 
        education, and teaching programs that increase the 
        participation of populations that are underrepresented in STEM, 
        including technical programs through programs such as the 
        Advanced Technological Education program;
            (3) ensure that not less than 20 percent of the funds made 
        available to carry out this section are used to support 
        institutions of higher education, and other institutions, 
        located in jurisdictions that participate in the program under 
        section 113 of the National Science Foundation Authorization 
        Act of 1988 (42 U.S.C. 1862g); and
            (4) if funds remain after carrying out paragraphs (1), (2), 
        and (3), make awards to institutions of higher education to 
        enable the institutions to fund the development and 
        establishment of new or specialized programs of study for 
        graduate, undergraduate, or technical college students and the 
        evaluation of the effectiveness of those programs of study.
    (f) Existing Programs.--The Director may use or augment existing 
STEM education programs of the Foundation and leverage education or 
entrepreneurial partners to carry out this section.

SEC. 107. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT.

    (a) In General.--From amounts made available for the Directorate, 
the Director shall make awards, on a competitive basis, for research 
and technology development within the key technology focus areas.
    (b) Purpose.--The purpose of the awards under this section shall be 
to demonstrate revolutionary technological advances in the key 
technology focus areas, including advances that expedite short-term 
technology deployment.
    (c) Recipients.--Recipients of funds under this section may include 
institutions of higher education, research institutions, nonprofit 
entities, private sector entities, consortia, or other entities as 
defined by the Director.
    (d) Metrics.--The Director may set metrics, including goals and 
deadlines, for development of such technology as determined in the 
terms of the award, and may use such metrics to determine whether an 
award recipient shall be eligible for continued or follow-on funding. 
The Director shall ensure that the length of the grants for applicants 
seeking to demonstrate revolutionary technological advances to expedite 
short-term technology deployment last no longer than 24 months.
    (e) Selection Criteria.--In selecting recipients for an award under 
this section, the Director shall consider, at a minimum--
            (1) the relevance of the project to the key technology 
        focus areas;
            (2) the current status of the technology, the limits of 
        current practice, and the likelihood of the private sector to 
        independently demonstrate a similar technological advance;
            (3) the potential of the project to generate a 
        revolutionary technological advance, including advances that 
        can expedite short-term technology deployment;
            (4) the potential impact of the project on the economic 
        security, national security, or technological competitiveness 
        of the United States;
            (5) the likelihood of the project's success;
            (6) the cost and time associated with the project;
            (7) the appropriateness of quantitative goals and metrics 
        for evaluating the project and a plan for evaluating those 
        metrics; and
            (8) the path for developing and, as appropriate 
        commercializing, the technology.

SEC. 108. TEST BEDS.

    (a) Program Authorized.--
            (1) In general.--From amounts made available for the 
        Directorate, the Director, in coordination with the Director of 
        the National Institute of Standards and Technology and other 
        Federal agencies, as determined appropriate by the Director, 
        shall establish a program in the Directorate to make awards, on 
        a competitive basis, to institutions of higher education, 
        nonprofit organizations, or consortia (as defined in section 
        104(a)(7)(C)) to establish and operate test beds, which may 
        include fabrication facilities and cyberinfrastructure, to 
        advance the development, operation, integration, deployment, 
        and, as appropriate, demonstration of new, innovative 
        technologies in the key technology focus areas, which may 
        include hardware or software.
            (2) Coordination.--In establishing new test beds under this 
        section, the Director shall ensure coordination with other test 
        beds supported by the Foundation or other Federal agencies to 
        avoid duplication and maximize the use of Federal resources.
    (b) Proposals.--An applicant for an award under this section shall 
submit a proposal to the Director, at such time, in such manner, and 
containing such information as the Director may reasonably require. The 
proposal shall, at a minimum, describe--
            (1)(A) the technology or technologies that will be the 
        focus of the test bed; and
            (B) the goals of the work to be done at the test bed;
            (2) how the applicant will assemble a workforce with the 
        skills needed to operate the test bed;
            (3) how the applicant will ensure broad access to the test 
        bed;
            (4) how the applicant will collaborate with firms in the 
        key technology focus areas, including through coordinated 
        research and development and funding, to ensure that work in 
        the test bed will contribute to the commercial viability of any 
        technologies and will include collaboration from industry and 
        labor organizations;
            (5) how the applicant will encourage the participation of 
        inventors and entrepreneurs and the development of new 
        businesses;
            (6) how the applicant will increase participation by 
        populations that are underrepresented in STEM;
            (7) how the applicant will demonstrate that the commercial 
        viability of any new technologies will support the creation of 
        high-quality domestic jobs;
            (8) how the test bed will operate after Federal funding has 
        ended;
            (9) how the test bed will disseminate lessons and other 
        technical information to United States entities or allied or 
        partner country entities in the United States; and
            (10) how the applicant plans to take measures to prevent 
        the inappropriate use of research results, data, and 
        intellectual property, as applicable and consistent with the 
        requirements of the award.
    (c) Authorized Use of Funds.--A recipient of an award under this 
section may, in order to achieve the purposes described in subsection 
(a), use the award for the purchase of equipment and for the support of 
students, faculty and staff, and postdoctoral researchers.
    (d) Priority.--In selecting award recipients under this section, 
the Director shall give priority to applicants with proposals that 
maximize the geographic diversity of test beds.
    (e) Interagency Annual Meetings.--The Director, the Secretary of 
Commerce, and the heads of other Federal departments and agencies, or 
their designees, with test bed related equities shall hold an annual 
meeting to coordinate their respective test bed related investments, 
future plans, and other appropriate matters, to avoid conflicts and 
duplication of efforts. Upon request by Congress, Congress shall be 
briefed on the results of the meetings.

SEC. 109. ACADEMIC TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER.

    (a) In General.--From amounts made available to the Directorate, 
the Director, in coordination with the Director of the National 
Institute of Standards and Technology and other Federal agencies as 
determined appropriate by the Director, shall make awards, on a 
competitive basis, to eligible entities to advance the development and 
commercialization of technologies, particularly those in the key 
technology focus areas.
    (b) Eligible Entities.--To be eligible to receive an award under 
this section, an entity shall be--
            (1) an institution of higher education, which may be a 
        community college;
            (2) a nonprofit entity that is either affiliated with an 
        institution of higher education or designed to support 
        technology development or entrepreneurship; or
            (3) a consortium that includes--
                    (A) an entity described in paragraph (1) or (2) as 
                the lead award recipient; and
                    (B) one or more additional individuals or entities, 
                which shall be--
                            (i) an economic development organization or 
                        similar entity that is focused primarily on 
                        improving science, technology, innovation, or 
                        entrepreneurship;
                            (ii) an industry organization or firm in a 
                        relevant technology or innovation sector;
                            (iii) an industry-experienced executive 
                        with entrepreneurship experience that is 
                        focused primarily on de-risking technologies 
                        from both a scientific and a business 
                        perspective; or
                            (iv) an individual or entity with industry- 
                        and startup- experienced business expertise, 
                        including a mentor network, across relevant 
                        technology or innovation sectors.
    (c) Proposals.--An eligible entity desiring an award under this 
section shall submit a proposal to the Director at such time, in such 
manner, and containing such information as the Director may require. 
The proposal shall include, at a minimum, a description of--
            (1) the steps the applicant will take to enable technology 
        transfer and to reduce the risks for commercialization for new 
        technologies and why such steps are likely to be effective;
            (2) how the applicant will encourage the training and 
        participation of students and potential entrepreneurs and the 
        transition of research results to practice, including the 
        development of new businesses;
            (3) as relevant, potential steps to drive economic growth 
        in a particular region, by collaborating with industry, venture 
        capital entities, nonprofit entities, and State and local 
        governments within that region; and
            (4) background information that the Director determines is 
        relevant to demonstrate the success of the innovation and 
        entrepreneurship support models proposed by the applicant to 
        commercialize technologies.
    (d) Academic Technology Transfer Enhancement Program.--
            (1) In general.--The Director, in coordination with the 
        Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology, 
        shall make awards, on a competitive basis, to support eligible 
        entities in building sustainable technology transfer capacity.
            (2) Use of funds.--An eligible entity that receives an 
        award under this subsection shall use award funds to carry out 
        one or more of the following:
                    (A) Identifying academic research with the 
                potential for technology transfer and 
                commercialization, particularly as relevant to the key 
                technology focus areas.
                    (B) Providing training and support to scientists, 
                engineers, and inventors on technology transfer, 
                commercialization, and research protection.
                    (C) Offsetting the costs of patenting and licensing 
                research products, both domestically and 
                internationally.
                    (D) Revising institution policies, including 
                policies related to intellectual property and faculty 
                entrepreneurship, and taking other necessary steps to 
                implement relevant best practices for academic 
                technology transfer.
                    (E) Ensuring the availability of staff, including 
                technology transfer professionals, entrepreneurs in 
                residence, and other mentors as required to accomplish 
                the purpose of this subsection.
                    (F) Identifying and facilitating relationships 
                among local and national business leaders, including 
                investors, and potential entrepreneurs to encourage 
                successful commercialization.
                    (G) Creating and funding competitions to allow 
                entrepreneurial ideas to illustrate their 
                commercialization potential, including through venture 
                funds of institutions of higher education.
                    (H) Creating or supporting entities that could 
                enable researchers to further develop new technology, 
                through capital investment, advice, staff support, or 
                other means.
                    (I) Building technology transfer capacity at 
                institutions of higher education.
            (3) Limitations on funding.--In awarding funding under this 
        subsection, the Director shall--
                    (A) award not more than $1,000,000 per fiscal year 
                to an eligible entity;
                    (B) in determining the duration of funding, 
                endeavor to ensure the creation of sustainable 
                technology transfer practices at the eligible entity; 
                and
                    (C) ensure that grants under this subsection shall 
                not support the development or operation of capital 
                investment funds.
    (e) Collaborative Innovation Resource Center Program.--
            (1) In general.--The Director shall make awards under this 
        subsection to eligible entities to establish collaborative 
        innovation resource centers that promote regional technology 
        transfer and technology development activities available to 
        more than one institution of higher education and to other 
        entities in a region.
            (2) Collaboration priority.--In making awards under this 
        subsection, the Director shall give priority to eligible 
        entities that are consortia described in subsection (b)(3) and 
        that have a cost share, which may include an in-kind cost 
        share, from members of a consortium, at levels as required by 
        the Director.
            (3) Use of funds.--An eligible entity that receives an 
        award under this subsection shall use award funds to carry out 
        one or more of the following activities, to the benefit of the 
        region in which the center is located:
                    (A) Providing start-ups and small business concerns 
                (as defined in section 3 of the Small Business Act (15 
                U.S.C. 632)) within the region with access to 
                facilities, scientific infrastructure, personnel, and 
                other assets as required for technology maturation.
                    (B) Supporting entrepreneurial training for start-
                up and small business personnel.
                    (C) Providing engineering and entrepreneurial 
                experiences and hands-on training for students enrolled 
                in participating institutions of higher education.
    (f) Reporting on Commercialization Based on Metrics.--The Director 
shall establish--
            (1) metrics related to commercialization for an award under 
        this section; and
            (2) a reporting schedule for recipients of such awards that 
        takes into account both short- and long-term goals of the 
        programs under this section.
    (g) Geographic Diversity.--The Director shall ensure regional and 
geographic diversity in issuing awards under this section.
    (h) Supplement Not Supplant.--The Director shall ensure that funds 
made available under this section shall be used to create additional 
support for technology transfer activities at eligible entities. For 
the duration of the awards, recipients shall be required to maintain 
funding for such activities at similar levels as the funding for those 
activities for the 2 fiscal years preceding the award.

SEC. 110. CAPACITY-BUILDING PROGRAM FOR DEVELOPING UNIVERSITIES.

    (a) In General.--The Director shall establish a program in the 
Directorate to make awards, on a competitive basis, to eligible 
institutions described in subsection (b) to support the mission of the 
Directorate and to build institutional research capacity at eligible 
institutions.
    (b) Eligible Institution.--
            (1) In general.--To be eligible to receive an award under 
        this section, an institution--
                    (A) shall be--
                            (i) a historically Black college or 
                        university;
                            (ii) a minority-serving institution; or
                            (iii) an institution of higher education 
                        with an established STEM capacity building 
                        program focused on traditionally 
                        underrepresented populations in STEM, including 
                        Native Hawaiians, Alaska Natives, and other 
                        Indians; and
                    (B) shall have not more than $50,000,000 in annual 
                federally-financed research and development 
                expenditures for science and engineering as reported 
                through the National Science Foundation Higher 
                Education Research and Development Survey.
            (2) Partnerships.--An eligible institution receiving a 
        grant under this section may carry out the activities of the 
        grant through a partnership with other entities, including 
        other eligible institutions.
    (c) Proposals.--To receive an award under this section, an eligible 
institution shall submit an application to the Director at such time, 
in such manner, and containing such information as the Director may 
require, including a plan that describes how the eligible institution 
will establish or expand research office capacity and how such award 
would be used to--
            (1) conduct an assessment of capacity-building and research 
        infrastructure needs of an eligible institution;
            (2) enhance institutional resources to provide 
        administrative research development support to faculty at an 
        eligible institution;
            (3) bolster the institutional research competitiveness of 
        an eligible institution to support grants awarded by the 
        Directorate;
            (4) support the acquisition of instrumentation necessary to 
        build research capacity at an eligible institution in research 
        areas directly associated with the Directorate;
            (5) increase capability of an eligible institution to move 
        technology into the marketplace;
            (6) increase engagement with industry to execute research 
        through the SBIR and STTR programs (as defined in section 9(e) 
        of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 638(e)) and direct 
        contracts at an eligible institution;
            (7) provide student engagement and research training 
        opportunities at the undergraduate, graduate, and postdoctoral 
        levels at an eligible institution;
            (8) further faculty development initiatives and strengthen 
        institutional research training infrastructure, capacity, and 
        competitiveness of an eligible institution; or
            (9) address plans and prospects for long-term 
        sustainability of institutional enhancements at an eligible 
        institution resulting from the award including, if applicable, 
        how the award may be leveraged by an eligible institution to 
        build a broader base of support.
    (d) Awards.--Awards made under this section shall be for periods of 
3 years, and may be extended for periods of not more than 5 years.
    (e) Funding.--From the amounts made available to carry out section 
104 under section 116 for each of fiscal years 2022 through 2026, the 
Director shall use $150,000,000 for each such fiscal year to carry out 
this section.

SEC. 111. TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE.

    The Director may--
            (1) coordinate with other Federal agencies to establish 
        interagency and multidisciplinary teams to provide technical 
        assistance to recipients of, and prospective applicants for, 
        awards under this title;
            (2) by Federal interagency agreement and notwithstanding 
        any other provision of law, transfer funds available to carry 
        out this title to the head of another Federal agency to 
        facilitate and support the provision of such technical 
        assistance; and
            (3) enter into contracts with third parties to provide such 
        technical assistance.

SEC. 112. COORDINATION OF ACTIVITIES.

    (a) In General.--In carrying out the activities of the Directorate, 
the Director and the heads of other Federal research agencies, as 
appropriate, shall work cooperatively to further the goals of this 
title in the key technology focus areas.
    (b) Coordination With NIST and Department of Energy.--The Director 
shall, as appropriate, work in coordination with the Director of the 
National Institute of Standards and Technology and the Secretary of 
Energy.
    (c) Avoid Duplication.--The Director shall ensure, to the greatest 
extent appropriate, that activities carried out by the Directorate are 
not duplicative of activities supported by other parts of the 
Foundation or other relevant Federal agencies. In carrying out the 
activities prescribed by this Act, the Director and heads of other 
Federal research agencies shall cooperate to avoid duplication of 
effort and to ensure the responsible stewardship of funds.
    (d) Comptroller General Report.--Not later than 3 years after the 
date of enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of the United 
States shall prepare and submit a report to Congress, and shall 
simultaneously submit the report to the Director and the Director of 
the Office of Science and Technology Policy, describing the interagency 
cooperation that occurred during the preceding years pursuant to this 
section, including a list of--
            (1) any funds provided from the Directorate to other 
        directorates and offices of the Foundation; and
            (2) any instances in which unnecessary duplication of 
        effort may have occurred.

SEC. 113. REPORTING REQUIREMENTS.

    (a) Reports.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of 
this Act and annually thereafter, the Director, in coordination with 
the heads of relevant Federal agencies, shall prepare and submit to 
Congress--
            (1) a strategic vision and spending plan for the next 5 
        years for the Directorate, including a description of how the 
        Foundation will increase funding for research and education for 
        populations underrepresented in STEM and geographic areas;
            (2) in coordination with the Secretary of State, a 
        description of any funds the Foundation may plan to receive 
        from--
                    (A) entities other than institutions of higher 
                education; and
                    (B) certain designated countries; and
            (3) a description of the planned activities of the 
        Directorate to secure federally funded science and technology 
        pursuant to section 1746 of the National Defense Authorization 
        Act for Fiscal Year 2020 (Public Law 116-92; 42 U.S.C. 6601 
        note) and section 223 of William M. (Mac) Thornberry National 
        Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public Law 116-
        283) and the requirements under title III.
    (b) Annual Briefing.--Each year, the Director shall formally 
request a briefing from the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of 
Commerce, the Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, the 
Director of National Intelligence, and as appropriate the heads of 
other Federal agencies regarding their efforts to preserve the United 
States' advantages generated by the activity of the Directorate.
    (c) Providing Authority To Disseminate Information.--Section 11 of 
the National Science Foundation Act of 1950 (42 U.S.C. 1870) is 
amended--
            (1) in subsection (j), by striking ``and'' after the 
        semicolon;
            (2) in subsection (k), by striking the period at the end 
        and inserting ``; and''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(l) to provide for the widest practicable and appropriate 
        dissemination of information within the United States 
        concerning the Foundation's activities and the results of those 
        activities.''.

SEC. 114. HANDS-ON LEARNING PROGRAM.

    (a) Findings.--Congress finds the following:
            (1) Developing a robust, talented, and homegrown workforce, 
        particularly in the fields of STEM, is critical to the success 
        of the United States innovation economy.
            (2) The United States educational system is not producing a 
        sufficient number of workers with the necessary STEM expertise 
        to meet the needs of the United States industry in STEM fields.
            (3) Hands-on and experiential learning opportunities 
        outside of the classroom are critical for student success in 
        STEM subjects and careers, stimulating students' interest, 
        increasing confidence, and creating motivation to pursue a 
        related career.
            (4) Hands-on and experiential learning opportunities can be 
        particularly successful in inspiring interest in students who 
        traditionally have been underrepresented in STEM fields, 
        including girls, students of color, and students from 
        disadvantaged backgrounds.
            (5) An expansion of hands-on and experiential learning 
        programs across the United States would expand the STEM 
        workforce pipeline, developing and training students for 
        careers in STEM fields.
    (b) Definitions.--
            (1) ESEA terms.--The terms ``elementary school'', ``high 
        school'', ``secondary school'', and ``State'' have the meanings 
        given the terms in section 8101 of the Elementary and Secondary 
        Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7801).
            (2) Eligible nonprofit program.--The term ``eligible 
        nonprofit program''--
                    (A) means a nonprofit program serving 
                prekindergarten, elementary school, or secondary school 
                students; and
                    (B) includes a program described in subparagraph 
                (A) that covers the continuum of education from 
                prekindergarten through high school and is available in 
                every State.
    (c) Purposes.--The purposes of this section are to--
            (1) provide effective, compelling, and engaging means for 
        teaching and reinforcing fundamental STEM concepts and 
        inspiring the youth of the United States to pursue careers in 
        STEM-related fields;
            (2) expand the STEM workforce pipeline by developing and 
        training students for careers in United States STEM fields; and
            (3) broaden participation in the STEM workforce by 
        underrepresented population groups.
    (d) Program Authorized.--
            (1) In general.--Subject to the availability of 
        appropriations for such purposes, the Director shall--
                    (A) provide grants to eligible nonprofit programs 
                for supporting hands-on learning opportunities in STEM 
                education, including via after-school activities and 
                innovative learning opportunities such as robotics 
                competitions; and
                    (B) evaluate the impact of such hands-on learning 
                opportunities on STEM learning and disseminate the 
                results of that evaluation.
            (2) Priority.--In awarding grants under the program, the 
        Director shall give priority to eligible nonprofit programs 
        serving students that attend elementary, secondary, or high 
        schools that--
                    (A) are implementing comprehensive support and 
                improvement activities or targeted support and 
                improvement activities under paragraph (1) or (2) of 
                section 1111(d) of the Elementary and Secondary 
                Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 6311(d)); or
                    (B) serve high percentages of students who are 
                eligible for a free or reduced price lunch under the 
                Richard B. Russell National School Lunch Act (42 U.S.C. 
                1751 et seq.) (which, in the case of a high school, may 
                be calculated using comparable data from the schools 
                that feed into the high school).
    (e) Authorization of Appropriations.--From the amounts made 
available to carry out section 106 under section 116 for each of fiscal 
years 2022 through 2026, the Director shall use $25,000,000 for each 
such fiscal year to carry out this section.

SEC. 115. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY PROTECTION.

    Consistent with the requirements for the award, all intellectual 
property that is developed through the Foundation, or any program that 
has received funding through this Act (or an amendment made by this 
Act), shall not be transferred to--
            (1) any foreign entity of concern, as defined in section 
        307(a);
            (2) any United States subsidiary, division, or chapter of 
        such a foreign entity of concern; or
            (3) any for-profit, or nonprofit, partnership that includes 
        such a foreign entity of concern in the partnership.

SEC. 116. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS FOR THE FOUNDATION.

    (a) Fiscal Year 2022.--
            (1) Foundation.--There is authorized to be appropriated to 
        the Foundation $10,800,000,000 for fiscal year 2022.
            (2) Specific nsf allocations.--Of the amount authorized 
        under paragraph (1)--
                    (A) $9,000,000,000 shall be made available to carry 
                out the activities of the Foundation outside of the 
                Directorate, of which $800,000,000 shall be for STEM 
                education and related activities, including workforce 
                activities under section 202; and
                    (B) $1,800,000,000 shall be made available to the 
                Directorate, of which--
                            (i) $594,000,000 shall be for the 
                        innovation centers under section 104;
                            (ii) $324,000,000 shall be for 
                        scholarships, fellowships, and other activities 
                        under section 106;
                            (iii) $252,000,000 shall be for academic 
                        technology transfer under section 109;
                            (iv) $180,000,000 shall be for test beds 
                        under section 108;
                            (v) $270,000,000 shall be for research and 
                        development activities under section 107; and
                            (vi) an amount equal to 10 percent of the 
                        total made available to the Directorate under 
                        this subparagraph shall be transferred to the 
                        Foundation for collaboration with directorates 
                        and offices of the Foundation outside of the 
                        Directorate as described under section 
                        102(c)(7).
    (b) Fiscal Year 2023.--
            (1) Foundation.--There is authorized to be appropriated to 
        the Foundation $12,800,000,000 for fiscal year 2023.
            (2) Specific nsf allocations.--Of the amount authorized 
        under paragraph (1)--
                    (A) $9,600,000,000 shall be made available to carry 
                out the activities of the Foundation outside of the 
                Directorate, of which $1,190,000,000 shall be for STEM 
                education and related activities, including workforce 
                activities under section 202; and
                    (B) $3,200,000,000 shall be made available to the 
                Directorate, of which--
                            (i) $1,056,000,000 shall be for the 
                        innovation centers under section 104;
                            (ii) $576,000,000 shall be for 
                        scholarships, fellowships, and other activities 
                        under section 106;
                            (iii) $448,000,000 shall be for academic 
                        technology transfer under section 109;
                            (iv) $320,000,000 shall be for test beds 
                        under section 108;
                            (v) $480,000,000 shall be for research and 
                        development activities under section 107; and
                            (vi) an amount equal to 10 percent of the 
                        total made available to the Directorate under 
                        this subparagraph shall be transferred to the 
                        Foundation for collaboration with directorates 
                        and offices of the Foundation outside of the 
                        Directorate as described under section 
                        102(c)(7).
    (c) Fiscal Year 2024.--
            (1) Foundation.--There is authorized to be appropriated to 
        the Foundation $16,600,000,000 for fiscal year 2024.
            (2) Specific nsf allocations.--Of the amount authorized 
        under paragraph (1)--
                    (A) $10,300,000,000 shall be made available to 
                carry out the activities of the Foundation outside of 
                the Directorate, of which $1,600,000,000 shall be for 
                STEM education and related activities, including 
                workforce activities under section 202; and
                    (B) $6,300,000,000 shall be made available to the 
                Directorate, of which--
                            (i) $2,079,000,000 shall be for the 
                        innovation centers under section 104;
                            (ii) $1,134,000,000 shall be for 
                        scholarships, fellowships, and other activities 
                        under section 106;
                            (iii) $882,000,000 shall be for academic 
                        technology transfer under section 109;
                            (iv) $630,000,000 shall be for test beds 
                        under section 108;
                            (v) $945,000,000 shall be for research and 
                        development activities under section 107; and
                            (vi) an amount equal to 10 percent of the 
                        total made available to the Directorate under 
                        this subparagraph shall be transferred to the 
                        Foundation for collaboration with directorates 
                        and offices of the Foundation outside of the 
                        Directorate as described under section 
                        102(c)(7).
    (d) Fiscal Year 2025.--
            (1) Foundation.--There is authorized to be appropriated to 
        the Foundation $19,500,000,000 for fiscal year 2025.
            (2) Specific nsf allocations.--Of the amount authorized 
        under paragraph (1)--
                    (A) $11,100,000,000 shall be made available to 
                carry out the activities of the Foundation outside of 
                the Directorate, of which $2,100,000,000 shall be for 
                STEM education and related activities, including 
                workforce activities under section 202; and
                    (B) $8,400,000,000 shall be made available to the 
                Directorate, of which--
                            (i) $2,772,000,000 shall be for the 
                        innovation centers under section 104;
                            (ii) $1,512,000,000 shall be for 
                        scholarships, fellowships, and other activities 
                        under section 106;
                            (iii) $1,176,000,000 shall be for academic 
                        technology transfer under section 109;
                            (iv) $840,000,000 shall be for test beds 
                        under section 108;
                            (v) $1,260,000,000 shall be for research 
                        and development activities under section 107; 
                        and
                            (vi) an amount equal to 10 percent of the 
                        total made available to the Directorate under 
                        this subparagraph shall be transferred to the 
                        Foundation for collaboration with directorates 
                        and offices of the Foundation outside of the 
                        Directorate as described under section 
                        102(c)(7).
    (e) Fiscal Year 2026.--
            (1) Foundation.--There is authorized to be appropriated to 
        the Foundation $21,300,000,000 for fiscal year 2026.
            (2) Specific nsf allocations.--Of the amount authorized 
        under paragraph (1)--
                    (A) $12,000,000,000 shall be made available to 
                carry out the activities of the Foundation outside of 
                the Directorate, of which $2,540,000,000 shall be for 
                STEM education and related activities, including 
                workforce activities under section 202; and
                    (B) $9,300,000,000 shall be made available to the 
                Directorate, of which--
                            (i) $3,069,000,000 shall be for the 
                        innovation centers under section 104;
                            (ii) $1,674,000,000 shall be for 
                        scholarships, fellowships, and other activities 
                        under section 106;
                            (iii) $1,302,000,000 shall be for academic 
                        technology transfer under section 109;
                            (iv) $930,000,000 shall be for test beds 
                        under section 108;
                            (v) $1,395,000,000 shall be for research 
                        and development activities under section 107; 
                        and
                            (vi) an amount equal to 10 percent of the 
                        total made available to the Directorate under 
                        this subparagraph shall be transferred to the 
                        Foundation for collaboration with directorates 
                        and offices of the Foundation outside of the 
                        Directorate as described under section 
                        102(c)(7).
    (f) Allocation and Limitations.--
            (1) Allocation for the office of inspector general.--From 
        any amounts appropriated for the Foundation for a fiscal year, 
        the Director shall allocate for necessary expenses of the 
        Office of Inspector General of the Foundation an amount of not 
        less than $33,000,000 in any fiscal year for oversight of the 
        programs and activities funded under this section in accordance 
        with the Inspector General Act of 1978 (5 U.S.C. App.).
            (2) Supplement and not supplant.--The amounts authorized to 
        be appropriated under this section shall supplement, and not 
        supplant, any other amounts previously appropriated to the 
        Office of the Inspector General of the Foundation.
            (3) No new awards.--The Director shall not make any new 
        awards for the activities under the Directorate for any fiscal 
        year in which the total amount appropriated to the Foundation 
        (not including amounts appropriated for the Directorate) is 
        less than the total amount appropriated to the Foundation (not 
        including such amounts), adjusted by the rate of inflation, for 
        the previous fiscal year.
            (4) No funds for construction.--No funds provided to the 
        Directorate under this section shall be used for construction.

SEC. 117. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS FOR THE DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY.

    (a) Authorization of Appropriations.--
            (1) Fiscal year 2022.--There is authorized to be 
        appropriated to the Department of Energy $1,000,000,000 for 
        fiscal year 2022 to carry out research and development in the 
        key technology focus areas.
            (2) Fiscal year 2023.--There is authorized to be 
        appropriated to the Department of Energy $1,800,000,000 for 
        fiscal year 2023 to carry out research and development in the 
        key technology focus areas.
            (3) Fiscal year 2024.--There is authorized to be 
        appropriated to the Department of Energy $3,700,000,000 for 
        fiscal year 2024 to carry out research and development in the 
        key technology focus areas.
            (4) Fiscal year 2025.--There is authorized to be 
        appropriated to the Department of Energy $4,900,000,000 for 
        fiscal year 2025 to carry out research and development in the 
        key technology focus areas.
            (5) Fiscal year 2026.--There is authorized to be 
        appropriated to the Department of Energy $5,500,000,000 for 
        fiscal year 2026 to carry out research and development in the 
        key technology focus areas.
    (b) Supplement and Not Supplant.--The amounts authorized to be 
appropriated under this section shall supplement, and not supplant, any 
other amounts previously authorized to be appropriated to the 
Department of Energy.
    (c) No Funds for Construction.--No funds provided to the Department 
of Energy under this section shall be used for construction.

   TITLE II--NSF RESEARCH, STEM, AND GEOGRAPHIC DIVERSITY INITIATIVES

SEC. 201. CHIEF DIVERSITY OFFICER OF THE NSF.

    (a) Chief Diversity Officer.--
            (1) Appointment.--The President shall appoint, by and with 
        the consent of the Senate, a Chief Diversity Officer of the 
        Foundation.
            (2) Qualifications.--The Chief Diversity Officer shall have 
        significant experience, within the Federal Government and the 
        science community, with diversity- and inclusion-related 
        matters, including--
                    (A) civil rights compliance;
                    (B) harassment policy, reviews, and investigations;
                    (C) equal employment opportunity; and
                    (D) disability policy.
            (3) Oversight.--The Chief Diversity Officer shall direct 
        the Office of Diversity and Inclusion of the Foundation and 
        report directly to the Director in the performance of the 
        duties of the Chief Diversity Officer under this section.
    (b) Duties.--The Chief Diversity Officer is responsible for 
providing advice on policy, oversight, guidance, and coordination with 
respect to matters of the Foundation related to diversity and 
inclusion, including ensuring the geographic diversity of the 
Foundation programs. Other duties may include--
            (1) establishing and maintaining a strategic plan that 
        publicly states a diversity definition, vision, and goals for 
        the Foundation;
            (2) defining a set of strategic metrics that are--
                    (A) directly linked to key organizational 
                priorities and goals;
                    (B) actionable; and
                    (C) actively used to implement the strategic plan 
                under paragraph (1);
            (3) advising in the establishment of a strategic plan for 
        diverse participation by individuals and institutions of higher 
        education, including community colleges, historically Black 
        colleges and universities, Tribal colleges or universities, 
        minority-serving institutions, institutions of higher education 
        with an established STEM capacity building program focused on 
        traditionally underrepresented populations in STEM, including 
        Native Hawaiians, Alaska Natives, and other Indians, and 
        institutions from jurisdictions eligible to participate under 
        section 113 of the National Science Foundation Authorization 
        Act of 1988 (42 U.S.C. 1862g);
            (4) advising in the establishment of a strategic plan for 
        outreach to, and recruiting from, untapped locations and 
        underrepresented populations;
            (5) advising on the application of the Foundation's broader 
        impacts review criterion; and
            (6) performing such additional duties and exercise such 
        powers as the Director may prescribe.
    (c) Funding.--From any amounts appropriated for the Foundation for 
each of fiscal years 2022 through 2026, the Director shall allocate 
$5,000,000 to carry out this section for each such year.

SEC. 202. PROGRAMS TO ADDRESS THE STEM WORKFORCE.

    (a) In General.--The Director shall issue undergraduate 
scholarships, including at community colleges, graduate fellowships and 
traineeships, postdoctoral awards, and, as appropriate, other awards.
    (b) Implementation.--The Director may carry out subsection (a) by 
making awards--
            (1) directly to students; or
            (2) to institutions of higher education or consortia of 
        institutions of higher education, including those institutions 
        or consortia involved in operating university technology 
        centers established under section 104(a).
    (c) Broadening Participation.--In carrying out this section, the 
Director shall take steps to increase the participation of populations 
that are underrepresented in STEM, which may include--
            (1) establishing or augmenting programs targeted at 
        populations that are underrepresented in STEM;
            (2) supporting traineeships or other relevant programs at 
        minority-serving institutions (or institutions of higher 
        education with an established STEM capacity building program 
        focused on traditionally underrepresented populations in STEM, 
        including Native Hawaiians, Alaska Natives, and other Indians);
            (3) addressing current and expected gaps in the 
        availability and skills of the STEM workforce, or addressing 
        the needs of the STEM workforce, including by prioritizing 
        awards to United States citizens, permanent residents, and 
        individuals that will grow the domestic workforce;
            (4) addressing geographic diversity in the STEM workforce; 
        and
            (5) awarding grants to institutions of higher education to 
        address STEM workforce gaps, including for programs that 
        recruit, retain, and progress students to a bachelor's degree 
        in a STEM discipline concurrent with a secondary school 
        diploma, such as through existing and new partnerships with 
        State educational agencies.
    (d) Innovation.--
            (1) Graduate education.--In carrying out this section, the 
        Director shall encourage innovation in graduate education, and 
        studying the impacts of such innovations, including through 
        encouraging institutions of higher education to offer graduate 
        students opportunities to gain experience in industry or 
        government as part of their graduate training, and through 
        support for students in professional masters programs related 
        to the key technology focus areas.
            (2) Postdoctoral professional development.--In carrying out 
        this section, the Director shall encourage innovation in 
        postdoctoral professional development, support the development 
        and diversity of the STEM workforce, and study the impacts of 
        such innovation and support. To do so, the Director may use 
        postdoctoral awards established under subsection (a) or 
        leveraged under subsection (e)(1) for fellowships or other 
        temporary rotational postings of not more than 2 years. Such 
        fellowships or temporary rotational postings shall be awarded--
                    (A) to qualified individuals who have a doctoral 
                degree and received such degree not earlier than 5 
                years before the date that the fellowship or temporary 
                rotational posting begins; and
                    (B) to carry out research in the key technology 
                focus areas at Federal, State, local, and Tribal 
                government research facilities.
            (3) Direct hire authority.--
                    (A) In general.--During fiscal year 2021 and any 
                fiscal year thereafter, the head of any Federal agency 
                may appoint, without regard to the provisions of 
                subchapter I of chapter 33 of title 5, United States 
                Code, other than sections 3303 and 3328 of that title, 
                a qualified candidate described in subparagraph (B) 
                directly to a position in the competitive service with 
                the Federal agency for which the candidate meets Office 
                of Personnel Management qualification standards.
                    (B) Fellowship or temporary rotational posting.--
                Subparagraph (A) applies with respect to a former 
                recipient of an award under this subsection who--
                            (i) earned a doctoral degree in a STEM 
                        field from an institution of higher education; 
                        and
                            (ii) successfully fulfilled the 
                        requirements of the fellowship or temporary 
                        rotational posting within a Federal agency.
                    (C) Limitation.--The direct hire authority under 
                this paragraph shall be exercised with respect to a 
                specific qualified candidate not later than 2 years 
                after the date that the candidate completed the 
                requirements related to the fellowship or temporary 
                rotational posting described under this subsection.
    (e) Existing Programs.--In carrying out this section, the Director 
may leverage existing programs, including programs that issue--
            (1) postdoctoral awards;
            (2) graduate fellowships and traineeships, inclusive of the 
        NSF Research Traineeships and fellowships awarded under the 
        Graduate Research Fellowship Program; and
            (3) scholarships, research experiences, and internships, 
        including--
                    (A) scholarships to attend community colleges; and
                    (B) research experiences and internships under 
                sections 513, 514, and 515 of the America COMPETES 
                Reauthorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 1862p-5; 1862p-
                6; 42 U.S.C. 1862p-7); and
            (4) awards to institutions of higher education to enable 
        the institutions to fund innovation in undergraduate and 
        graduate education, increased educational capacity, and the 
        development and establishment of new or specialized programs of 
        study for graduate, undergraduate, or technical college 
        students, and the evaluation of the effectiveness of the 
        programs of study.
    (f) Set Aside.--The Director shall ensure that not less than 20 
percent of the funds available to carry out this section shall be used 
to support institutions of higher education, and other institutions, 
located in jurisdictions that participate in the program under section 
113 of the National Science Foundation Authorization Act of 1988 (42 
U.S.C. 1862g).

SEC. 203. EMERGING RESEARCH INSTITUTION PILOT PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--The Director shall establish a 5-year pilot 
program for awarding grants to eligible partnerships, led by 1 or more 
emerging research institutions, to build research and education 
capacity at emerging research institutions to enable such institutions 
to contribute to programs run by the Directorate.
    (b) Applications.--An eligible partnership seeking a grant under 
this section shall submit an application to the Director at such time, 
in such manner, and containing such information as the Director may 
reasonably require, including a statement of how the partnership will 
use the funds awarded through the grant to achieve a lasting, 
sustainable increase in the research and education capacity of each 
emerging research institution included in the eligible partnership.
    (c) Activities.--An eligible partnership receiving a grant under 
this section may use the funds awarded through such grant for 
increasing research, education, and innovation capacity, including 
for--
            (1) faculty training and resources, including joint 
        resources;
            (2) research experiences for undergraduate and graduate 
        students; and
            (3) maintenance and repair of research equipment and 
        instrumentation.
    (d) Definition of Eligible Partnership.--In this section, the term 
``eligible partnership'' means a partnership of--
            (1) at least 1 emerging research institution; and
            (2) at least 1 institution that, on average for the 3 years 
        prior to an application for an award under this section, 
        received more than $100,000,000 in Federal research funding.

SEC. 204. PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT AUTHORITIES FOR THE FOUNDATION.

    (a) Experts in Science and Engineering.--
            (1) Program authorized.--The Foundation may carry out a 
        program of personnel management authority provided under 
        paragraph (2) in order to facilitate recruitment of eminent 
        experts in science or engineering for research and development 
        projects and to enhance the administration and management of 
        the Foundation.
            (2) Personnel management authority.--Under the program 
        under paragraph (1), the Foundation may--
                    (A) without regard to any provision of title 5, 
                United States Code, governing the appointment of 
                employees in the civil service, appoint individuals to 
                a total of not more than 140 positions in the 
                Foundation, of which not more than 5 such positions may 
                be positions of administration or management of the 
                Foundation;
                    (B) notwithstanding any provision of title 5, 
                United States Code, governing the rates of pay or 
                classification of employees in the executive branch, 
                prescribe the rates of basic pay for positions to which 
                employees are appointed under subparagraph (A)--
                            (i) in the case of employees appointed 
                        pursuant to subparagraph (A) to any of 5 
                        positions designated by the Foundation for 
                        purposes of this clause, at rates not in excess 
                        of a rate equal to 150 percent of the maximum 
                        rate of basic pay authorized for positions at 
                        level I of the Executive Schedule under section 
                        5312 of title 5, United States Code; and
                            (ii) in the case of any other employee 
                        appointed pursuant to subparagraph (A), at 
                        rates not in excess of the maximum rate of 
                        basic pay authorized for senior-level positions 
                        under section 5376 of title 5, United States 
                        Code; and
                    (C) pay any employee appointed under subparagraph 
                (A), other than an employee appointed to a position 
                designated as described in subparagraph (B)(i), 
                payments in addition to basic pay within the limit 
                applicable to the employee under paragraph (4).
            (3) Limitation on term of appointment.--
                    (A) In general.--Except as provided in subparagraph 
                (B), the service of an employee under an appointment 
                under paragraph (2)(A) may not exceed 4 years.
                    (B) Extension.--The Director may, in the case of a 
                particular employee under the program under paragraph 
                (1), extend the period to which service is limited 
                under subparagraph (A) by up to 2 years if the Director 
                determines that such action is necessary to promote the 
                efficiency of the Foundation, as applicable.
            (4) Maximum amount of additional payments payable.--
        Notwithstanding any other provision of this subsection or 
        section 5307 of title 5, United States Code, no additional 
        payments may be paid to an employee under paragraph (2)(C) in 
        any calendar year if, or to the extent that, the employee's 
        total annual compensation in such calendar year will exceed the 
        maximum amount of total annual compensation payable at the 
        salary set in accordance with section 104 of title 3, United 
        States Code.
    (b) Highly Qualified Experts in Needed Occupations.--
            (1) In general.--The Foundation may carry out a program 
        using the authority provided in paragraph (2) in order to 
        attract highly qualified experts in needed occupations, as 
        determined by the Foundation. Individuals hired by the Director 
        through such authority may include individuals with expertise 
        in business creativity, innovation management, design thinking, 
        entrepreneurship, venture capital, and related fields.
            (2) Authority.--Under the program, the Foundation may--
                    (A) appoint personnel from outside the civil 
                service and uniformed services (as such terms are 
                defined in section 2101 of title 5, United States Code) 
                to positions in the Foundation without regard to any 
                provision of title 5, United States Code, governing the 
                appointment of employees to positions in the 
                Foundation;
                    (B) prescribe the rates of basic pay for positions 
                to which employees are appointed under subparagraph (A) 
                at rates not in excess of the maximum rate of basic pay 
                authorized for senior-level positions under section 
                5376 of title 5, United States Code, as increased by 
                locality-based comparability payments under section 
                5304 of such title, notwithstanding any provision of 
                such title governing the rates of pay or classification 
                of employees in the executive branch; and
                    (C) pay any employee appointed under subparagraph 
                (A) payments in addition to basic pay within the limits 
                applicable to the employee under paragraph (4).
            (3) Limitation on term of appointment.--
                    (A) In general.--Except as provided in subparagraph 
                (B), the service of an employee under an appointment 
                made pursuant to this subsection may not exceed 5 
                years.
                    (B) Extension.--The Foundation may, in the case of 
                a particular employee, extend the period to which 
                service is limited under subparagraph (A) by up to 1 
                additional year if the Foundation determines that such 
                action is necessary to promote the Foundation's 
                national security missions.
            (4) Limitations on additional payments.--
                    (A) Total amount.--
                            (i) In general.--The total amount of the 
                        additional payments paid to an employee under 
                        this subsection for any 12-month period may not 
                        exceed the lesser of the following amounts:
                                    (I) $50,000 in fiscal year 2021, 
                                which may be adjusted annually 
                                thereafter by the Foundation, with a 
                                percentage increase equal to one-half 
                                of 1 percentage point less than the 
                                percentage by which the Employment Cost 
                                Index, published quarterly by the 
                                Bureau of Labor Statistics, for the 
                                base quarter of the year before the 
                                preceding calendar year exceeds the 
                                Employment Cost Index for the base 
                                quarter of the second year before the 
                                preceding calendar year.
                                    (II) The amount equal to 50 percent 
                                of the employee's annual rate of basic 
                                pay.
                            (ii) Definition of base quarter.-- For 
                        purposes of this subparagraph, the term ``base 
                        quarter'' has the meaning given such term by 
                        section 5302(3) of title 5, United States Code.
                    (B) Eligibility for payments.--An employee 
                appointed under this subsection is not eligible for any 
                bonus, monetary award, or other monetary incentive for 
                service, except for payments authorized under this 
                subsection.
                    (C) Additional limitation.--Notwithstanding any 
                other provision of this paragraph or of section 5307 of 
                title 5, United States Code, no additional payments may 
                be paid to an employee under this subsection in any 
                calendar year if, or to the extent that, the employee's 
                total annual compensation will exceed the maximum 
                amount of total annual compensation payable at the 
                salary set in accordance with section 104 of title 3, 
                United States Code.
            (5) Limitation on number of highly qualified experts.--The 
        number of highly qualified experts appointed and retained by 
        the Foundation under paragraph (2)(A) shall not exceed 140 at 
        any time.
            (6) Savings provisions.--In the event that the Foundation 
        terminates the program under this subsection, in the case of an 
        employee who, on the day before the termination of the program, 
        is serving in a position pursuant to an appointment under this 
        subsection--
                    (A) the termination of the program does not 
                terminate the employee's employment in that position 
                before the expiration of the lesser of--
                            (i) the period for which the employee was 
                        appointed; or
                            (ii) the period to which the employee's 
                        service is limited under paragraph (3), 
                        including any extension made under this 
                        subsection before the termination of the 
                        program; and
                    (B) the rate of basic pay prescribed for the 
                position under this subsection may not be reduced as 
                long as the employee continues to serve in the position 
                without a break in service.
    (c) Additional Hiring Authority.--To the extent needed to carry out 
the duties under subsection (a)(1), the Director is authorized to 
utilize hiring authorities under section 3372 of title 5, United States 
Code, to staff the Foundation with employees from other Federal 
agencies, State and local governments, Indian Tribes and Tribal 
organizations, institutions of higher education, and other 
organizations, as described in that section, in the same manner and 
subject to the same conditions, that apply to such individuals utilized 
to accomplish other missions of the Foundation.
    (d) National Academy of Public Administration.--
            (1) Study.--Not later than 30 days after the date of 
        enactment of this Act, the Director shall contract with the 
        National Academy of Public Administration to conduct a study on 
        the organizational and management structure of the Foundation, 
        to--
                    (A) evaluate and make recommendations to 
                efficiently and effectively implement the Directorate 
                for Technology and Innovation;
                    (B) evaluate and make recommendations to ensure 
                coordination of the Directorate for Technology and 
                Innovation with other directorates and offices of the 
                Foundation and other Federal agencies; and
                    (C) make recommendations for the management of the 
                Foundation's business and personnel practices, 
                including implementation of the new hiring authorities 
                and program director authorities provided in this 
                section and section 103.
            (2) Review.--Upon completion of the study under paragraph 
        (1), the Foundation shall review the recommendations from the 
        National Academy of Public Administration and provide a 
        briefing to Congress on the plans of the Foundation to 
        implement any such recommendations.

SEC. 205. ADVANCED TECHNOLOGICAL MANUFACTURING ACT.

    (a) Findings and Purpose.--Section 2 of the Scientific and 
Advanced-Technology Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 1862h) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) in paragraph (3), by striking ``science, 
                mathematics, and technology'' and inserting ``science, 
                technology, engineering, and mathematics or STEM'';
                    (B) in paragraph (4), by inserting ``educated'' and 
                before ``trained''; and
                    (C) in paragraph (5), by striking ``scientific and 
                technical education and training'' and inserting ``STEM 
                education and training''; and
            (2) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) in paragraph (2), by striking ``mathematics and 
                science'' and inserting ``STEM fields''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (4), by striking ``mathematics and 
                science instruction'' and inserting ``STEM 
                instruction''.
    (b) Modernizing References to STEM.--Section 3 of the Scientific 
and Advanced-Technology Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 1862i) is amended--
            (1) in the section heading, by striking ``scientific and 
        technical education '' and inserting ``stem education'';
            (2) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) in the subsection heading, by striking 
                ``Scientific and Technical Education '' and inserting 
                ``STEM Education'';
                    (B) in the matter preceding paragraph (1)--
                            (i) by inserting ``and education to prepare 
                        the skilled technical workforce to meet 
                        workforce demands'' before ``, and to 
                        improve'';
                            (ii) by striking ``core education courses 
                        in science and mathematics'' and inserting 
                        ``core education courses in STEM fields'';
                            (iii) by inserting ``veterans and 
                        individuals engaged in'' before ``work in the 
                        home''; and
                            (iv) by inserting ``and on building a 
                        pathway from secondary schools, to associate-
                        degree-granting institutions, to careers that 
                        require technical training'' before ``, and 
                        shall be designed'';
                    (C) in paragraph (1)--
                            (i) by inserting ``and study'' after 
                        ``development''; and
                            (ii) by striking ``core science and 
                        mathematics courses'' and inserting ``core STEM 
                        courses'';
                    (D) in paragraph (2), by striking ``science, 
                mathematics, and advanced-technology fields'' and 
                inserting ``STEM and advanced-technology fields'';
                    (E) in paragraph (3)(A), by inserting ``to support 
                the advanced-technology industries that drive the 
                competitiveness of the United States in the global 
                economy'' before the semicolon at the end;
                    (F) in paragraph (4), by striking ``scientific and 
                advanced-technology fields'' and inserting ``STEM and 
                advanced-technology fields''; and
                    (G) in paragraph (5), by striking ``advanced 
                scientific and technical education'' and inserting 
                ``advanced STEM and advanced-technology'';
            (3) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) by striking the subsection heading and 
                inserting the following: ``Centers of Scientific and 
                Technical Education.--'';
                    (B) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by 
                striking ``not to exceed 12 in number'' and inserting 
                ``in advanced-technology fields'';
                    (C) in paragraph (2), by striking ``education in 
                mathematics and science'' and inserting ``STEM 
                education''; and
                    (D) in the flush matter following paragraph (2), by 
                striking ``in the geographic region served by the 
                center'';
            (4) in subsection (c)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1)--
                            (i) in subparagraph (A)--
                                    (I) in the matter preceding clause 
                                (i), by striking ``to encourage'' and 
                                all that follows through ``such means 
                                as--'' and inserting ``to encourage the 
                                development of career and educational 
                                pathways with multiple entry and exit 
                                points leading to credentials and 
                                degrees, and to assist students 
                                pursuing pathways in STEM fields to 
                                transition from associate-degree-
                                granting colleges to bachelor-degree-
                                granting institutions, through such 
                                means as--'';
                                    (II) in clause (i), by striking 
                                ``to ensure'' and inserting ``to 
                                develop articulation agreements that 
                                ensure''; and
                                    (III) in clause (ii), by striking 
                                ``courses at the bachelor-degree-
                                granting institution'' and inserting 
                                ``the career and educational pathways 
                                supported by the articulation 
                                agreements'';
                            (ii) in subparagraph (B)--
                                    (I) in clause (i), by inserting 
                                ``veterans and individuals engaged in'' 
                                before ``work in the home'';
                                    (II) in clause (iii)--
                                            (aa) by striking 
                                        ``bachelor's-degree-granting 
                                        institutions'' and inserting 
                                        ``institutions or work sites''; 
                                        and
                                            (bb) by inserting ``or 
                                        industry internships'' after 
                                        ``summer programs''; and
                                    (III) by striking the flush text 
                                following clause (iv); and
                            (iii) by striking subparagraph (C);
                    (B) in paragraph (2)--
                            (i) by striking ``mathematics and science 
                        programs'' and inserting ``STEM programs'';
                            (ii) by inserting ``and, as appropriate, 
                        elementary schools,'' after ``with secondary 
                        schools'';
                            (iii) by striking ``mathematics and science 
                        education'' and inserting ``STEM education'';
                            (iv) by striking ``secondary school 
                        students'' and inserting ``students at these 
                        schools'';
                            (v) by striking ``science and advanced-
                        technology fields'' and inserting ``STEM and 
                        advanced-technology fields''; and
                            (vi) by striking ``agreements with local 
                        educational agencies'' and inserting 
                        ``articulation agreements or dual credit 
                        courses with local secondary schools, or other 
                        means as the Director determines 
                        appropriate,''; and
                    (C) in paragraph (3)--
                            (i) by striking subparagraph (B);
                            (ii) by striking ``shall--''and all that 
                        follows through ``establish a'' and inserting 
                        ``shall establish a'';
                            (iii) by striking ``the fields of science, 
                        technology, engineering, and mathematics'' and 
                        inserting ``STEM fields''; and
                            (iv) by striking ``; and'' and inserting 
                        ``, including jobs at Federal and academic 
                        laboratories.'';
            (5) in subsection (d)(2)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (D), by striking ``and'' after 
                the semicolon;
                    (B) in subparagraph (E), by striking the period at 
                the end and inserting a semicolon; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(F) as appropriate, applications that apply the 
                best practices for STEM education and technical skills 
                education through distance learning or in a simulated 
                work environment, as determined by research described 
                in subsection (f); and'';
            (6) in subsection (g), by striking the second sentence;
            (7) in subsection (h)(1)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``2022'' and 
                inserting ``2026'';
                    (B) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``2022'' and 
                inserting ``2026''; and
                    (C) in subparagraph (C)--
                            (i) by striking ``up to $2,500,000'' and 
                        inserting ``not less than $3,000,000''; and
                            (ii) by striking ``2022'' and inserting 
                        ``2026'';
            (8) in subsection (i)--
                    (A) by striking paragraph (3); and
                    (B) by redesignating paragraphs (4) and (5) as 
                paragraphs (3) and (4), respectively; and
            (9) in subsection (j)--
                    (A) by striking paragraph (1) and inserting the 
                following:
            ``(1) the term advanced-technology includes technological 
        fields such as advanced manufacturing, agricultural-, 
        biological- and chemical-technologies, energy and environmental 
        technologies, engineering technologies, information 
        technologies, micro and nano-technologies, cybersecurity 
        technologies, geospatial technologies, and new, emerging 
        technology areas;'';
                    (B) in paragraph (4), by striking ``separate 
                bachelor-degree-granting institutions'' and inserting 
                ``other entities'';
                    (C) by striking paragraph (7);
                    (D) by redesignating paragraphs (8) and (9) as 
                paragraphs (7) and (8), respectively;
                    (E) in paragraph (7), as redesignated by 
                subparagraph (D), by striking ``and'' after the 
                semicolon;
                    (F) in paragraph (8), as redesignated by 
                subparagraph (D)--
                            (i) by striking ``mathematics, science, 
                        engineering, or technology'' and inserting 
                        ``science, technology, engineering, or 
                        mathematics''; and
                            (ii) by striking the period at the end and 
                        inserting ``; and''; and
                    (G) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(9) the term skilled technical workforce means workers--
                    ``(A) in occupations that use significant levels of 
                science and engineering expertise and technical 
                knowledge; and
                    ``(B) whose level of educational attainment is less 
                than a bachelor degree.''.
    (c) Authorization of Appropriations.--Section 5 of the Scientific 
and Advanced-Technology Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 1862j) is amended to 
read as follows:

``SEC. 5. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    ``There are authorized to be appropriated to the Director (from 
sums otherwise authorized to be appropriated for the Foundation) for 
carrying out sections 2 through 4, $150,000,000 for fiscal years 2022 
through 2026.''.

SEC. 206. INTRAMURAL EMERGING INSTITUTIONS PILOT PROGRAM.

    (a) Establishment.--The Director shall conduct multiple pilot 
programs within the Foundation to expand the number of institutions of 
higher education (including such institutions that are community 
colleges), and other eligible entities that the Director determines 
appropriate, that are able to successfully compete for Foundation 
grants.
    (b) Components.--Each pilot program described in subsection (a) 
shall include at least 1 of the following elements:
            (1) A mentorship program.
            (2) Grant writing technical assistance.
            (3) Targeted outreach, including to a minority-serving 
        institution (including a historically Black college or 
        university, a Tribal college or university, or a Hispanic-
        serving institution or an institution of higher education with 
        an established STEM capacity building program focused on 
        traditionally underrepresented populations in STEM, including 
        Native Hawaiians, Alaska Natives, and other Indians).
            (4) Programmatic support or solutions for institutions or 
        entities that do not have an experienced grant management 
        office.
            (5) An increase in the number of grant reviewers from 
        institutions of higher education that have not traditionally 
        received funds from the Foundation.
            (6) An increase of the term and funding, for a period of 3 
        years or less, as appropriate, to a principal investigator that 
        is a first-time grant awardee, when paired with regular 
        mentoring on the administrative aspects of grant management.
    (c) Limitation.--As appropriate, each pilot program described in 
subsection (a) shall work to reduce administrative burdens.
    (d) Agency-wide Programs.--Not later than 5 years after the date of 
enactment of this Act, the Director shall--
            (1) review the results of the pilot programs described in 
        subsection (a); and
            (2) develop agency-wide best practices from the pilot 
        programs for implementation across the Foundation, in order to 
        fulfill the requirement under section 3(e) of the National 
        Science Foundation Act of 1950 (42 U.S.C. 1862(e)).

SEC. 207. PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS.

    (a) In General.--The Director shall pursue partnerships with 
private industry, private foundations, or other appropriate private 
entities to--
            (1) enhance the impact of the Foundation's investments and 
        contributions to the United States economic competitiveness and 
        security; and
            (2) make available infrastructure, expertise, and financial 
        resources to the United States scientific and engineering 
        research and education enterprise.
    (b) Merit Review.--Nothing in this section shall be construed as 
altering any intellectual or broader impacts criteria at the Foundation 
for evaluating grant applications.

SEC. 208. AI SCHOLARSHIP-FOR-SERVICE ACT.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Artificial intelligence.--The term ``artificial 
        intelligence'' or ``AI'' has the meaning given the term 
        ``artificial intelligence'' in section 238(g) of the John S. 
        McCain National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2019 
        (10 U.S.C. 2358 note).
            (2) Executive agency.--The term ``executive agency'' has 
        the meaning given the term ``Executive agency'' in section 105 
        of title 5, United States Code.
            (3) Registered internship.--The term ``registered 
        internship'' means a Federal Registered Internship Program 
        coordinated through the Department of Labor.
    (b) In General.--The Director, in coordination with the Director of 
the Office of Personnel Management, the Director of the National 
Institute of Standards and Technology, and the heads of other agencies 
with appropriate scientific knowledge, shall establish a Federal 
artificial intelligence scholarship-for-service program (referred to in 
this section as the Federal AI Scholarship-for-Service Program) to 
recruit and train artificial intelligence professionals to lead and 
support the application of artificial intelligence to the missions of 
Federal, State, local, and Tribal governments.
    (c) Qualified Institution of Higher Education.--The Director, in 
coordination with the heads of other agencies with appropriate 
scientific knowledge, shall establish criteria to designate qualified 
institutions of higher education that shall be eligible to participate 
in the Federal AI Scholarship-for-Service program. Such criteria shall 
include--
            (1) measures of the institution's demonstrated excellence 
        in the education of students in the field of artificial 
        intelligence; and
            (2) measures of the institution's ability to attract and 
        retain a diverse and non-traditional student population in the 
        fields of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics, 
        which may include the ability to attract women, minorities, and 
        individuals with disabilities.
    (d) Program Description and Components.--The Federal AI 
Scholarship-for-Service Program shall--
            (1) provide scholarships through qualified institutions of 
        higher education to students who are enrolled in programs of 
        study at institutions of higher education leading to degrees or 
        concentrations in or related to the artificial intelligence 
        field;
            (2) provide the scholarship recipients with summer 
        internship opportunities, registered internships, or other 
        meaningful temporary appointments in the Federal workforce 
        focusing on AI projects or research;
            (3) prioritize the employment placement of scholarship 
        recipients in executive agencies;
            (4) identify opportunities to promote multi-disciplinary 
        programs of study that integrate basic or advanced AI training 
        with other fields of study, including those that address the 
        social, economic, legal, and ethical implications of human 
        interaction with AI systems; and
            (5) support capacity-building education research programs 
        that will enable postsecondary educational institutions to 
        expand their ability to train the next-generation AI workforce, 
        including AI researchers and practitioners.
    (e) Scholarship Amounts.--Each scholarship under subsection (d) 
shall be in an amount that covers the student's tuition and fees at the 
institution for not more than 3 years and provides the student with an 
additional stipend.
    (f) Post-award Employment Obligations.--Each scholarship recipient, 
as a condition of receiving a scholarship under the program, shall 
enter into an agreement under which the recipient agrees to work for a 
period equal to the length of the scholarship, following receipt of the 
student's degree, in the AI mission of--
            (1) an executive agency;
            (2) Congress, including any agency, entity, office, or 
        commission established in the legislative branch;
            (3) an interstate agency;
            (4) a State, local, or Tribal government, which may include 
        instruction in AI-related skill sets in a public school system; 
        or
            (5) a State, local, or Tribal government-affiliated 
        nonprofit entity that is considered to be critical 
        infrastructure (as defined in section 1016(e) of the USA 
        Patriot Act (42 U.S.C. 5195c(e))).
    (g) Hiring Authority.--
            (1) Appointment in excepted service.--Notwithstanding any 
        provision of chapter 33 of title 5, United States Code, 
        governing appointments in the competitive service, an executive 
        agency may appoint an individual who has completed the eligible 
        degree program for which a scholarship was awarded to a 
        position in the excepted service in the executive agency.
            (2) Noncompetitive conversion.--Except as provided in 
        paragraph (4), upon fulfillment of the service term, an 
        employee appointed under paragraph (1) may be converted 
        noncompetitively to term, career-conditional, or career 
        appointment.
            (3) Timing of conversion.--An executive agency may 
        noncompetitively convert a term employee appointed under 
        paragraph (2) to a career-conditional or career appointment 
        before the term appointment expires.
            (4) Authority to decline conversion.--An executive agency 
        may decline to make the noncompetitive conversion or 
        appointment under paragraph (2) for cause.
    (h) Eligibility.--To be eligible to receive a scholarship under 
this section, an individual shall--
            (1) be a citizen or lawful permanent resident of the United 
        States;
            (2) demonstrate a commitment to a career in advancing the 
        field of AI;
            (3) be--
                    (A) a full-time student in an eligible degree 
                program at a qualified institution of higher education, 
                as determined by the Director;
                    (B) a student pursuing a degree on a less than 
                full-time basis, but not less than half-time basis; or
                    (C) an AI faculty member on sabbatical to advance 
                knowledge in the field; and
            (4) accept the terms of a scholarship under this section.
    (i) Conditions of Support.--
            (1) In general.--As a condition of receiving a scholarship 
        under this section, a recipient shall agree to provide the 
        qualified institution of higher education with annual 
        verifiable documentation of post-award employment and up-to-
        date contact information.
            (2) Terms.--A scholarship recipient under this section 
        shall be liable to the United States as provided in subsection 
        (k) if the individual--
                    (A) fails to maintain an acceptable level of 
                academic standing at the applicable institution of 
                higher education, as determined by the Director;
                    (B) is dismissed from the applicable institution of 
                higher education for disciplinary reasons;
                    (C) withdraws from the eligible degree program 
                before completing the program;
                    (D) declares that the individual does not intend to 
                fulfill the post-award employment obligation under this 
                section; or
                    (E) fails to fulfill the post-award employment 
                obligation of the individual under this section.
    (j) Monitoring Compliance.--As a condition of participating in the 
program, a qualified institution of higher education shall--
            (1) enter into an agreement with the Director to monitor 
        the compliance of scholarship recipients with respect to their 
        post-award employment obligations; and
            (2) provide to the Director, on an annual basis, the post-
        award employment documentation required under subsection (i) 
        for scholarship recipients through the completion of their 
        post-award employment obligations.
    (k) Amount of Repayment.--
            (1) Less than 1 year of service.--If a circumstance 
        described in subsection (i)(2) occurs before the completion of 
        1 year of a post-award employment obligation under this 
        section, the total amount of scholarship awards received by the 
        individual under this section shall--
                    (A) be repaid; or
                    (B) be treated as a loan to be repaid in accordance 
                with subsection (l).
            (2) 1 or more years of service.--If a circumstance 
        described in subparagraph (D) or (E) of subsection (i)(2) 
        occurs after the completion of 1 or more years of a post-award 
        employment obligation under this section, the total amount of 
        scholarship awards received by the individual under this 
        section, reduced by the ratio of the number of years of service 
        completed divided by the number of years of service required, 
        shall--
                    (A) be repaid; or
                    (B) be treated as a loan to be repaid in accordance 
                with subsection (l).
    (l) Repayments.--A loan described in subsection (k) shall--
            (1) be treated as a Federal Direct Unsubsidized Stafford 
        Loan under part D of title IV of the Higher Education Act of 
        1965 (20 U.S.C. 1087a et seq.); and
            (2) be subject to repayment, together with interest thereon 
        accruing from the date of the scholarship award, in accordance 
        with terms and conditions specified by the Director (in 
        consultation with the Secretary of Education).
    (m) Collection of Repayment.--
            (1) In general.--In the event that a scholarship recipient 
        is required to repay the scholarship award under this section, 
        the qualified institution of higher education providing the 
        scholarship shall--
                    (A) determine the repayment amounts and notify the 
                recipient and the Director of the amounts owed; and
                    (B) collect the repayment amounts within a period 
                of time as determined by the Director, or the repayment 
                amounts shall be treated as a loan in accordance with 
                subsection (l).
            (2) Returned to treasury.--Except as provided in paragraph 
        (3), any repayment under this subsection shall be returned to 
        the Treasury of the United States.
            (3) Retain percentage.--A qualified institution of higher 
        education may retain a percentage of any repayment the 
        institution collects under this subsection to defray 
        administrative costs associated with the collection. The 
        Director shall establish a fixed percentage that will apply to 
        all eligible entities, and may update this percentage as 
        needed, in the determination of the Director.
    (n) Exceptions.--The Director may provide for the partial or total 
waiver or suspension of any service or payment obligation by an 
individual under this section whenever compliance by the individual 
with the obligation is impossible or would involve extreme hardship to 
the individual, or if enforcement of such obligation with respect to 
the individual would be unconscionable.
    (o) Public Information.--
            (1) Evaluation.--The Director, in coordination with the 
        Director of the Office of Personnel Management, shall annually 
        evaluate and make public, in a manner that protects the 
        personally identifiable information of scholarship recipients, 
        information on the success of recruiting individuals for 
        scholarships under this section and on hiring and retaining 
        those individuals in the public sector AI workforce, including 
        information on--
                    (A) placement rates;
                    (B) where students are placed, including job titles 
                and descriptions;
                    (C) salary ranges for students not released from 
                obligations under this section;
                    (D) how long after graduation students are placed;
                    (E) how long students stay in the positions they 
                enter upon graduation;
                    (F) how many students are released from 
                obligations; and
                    (G) what, if any, remedial training is required.
            (2) Reports.--The Director, in coordination with the Office 
        of Personnel Management, shall submit, not less frequently than 
        once every 3 years, to the Committee on Homeland Security and 
        Governmental Affairs of the Senate, the Committee on Commerce, 
        Science, and Transportation of the Senate, the Committee on 
        Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives, 
        and the Committee on Oversight and Reform of the House of 
        Representatives a report, including the results of the 
        evaluation under paragraph (1) and any recent statistics 
        regarding the size, composition, and educational requirements 
        of the Federal AI workforce.
            (3) Resources.--The Director, in coordination with the 
        Director of the Office of Personnel Management, shall provide 
        consolidated and user-friendly online resources for prospective 
        scholarship recipients, including, to the extent practicable--
                    (A) searchable, up-to-date, and accurate 
                information about participating institutions of higher 
                education and job opportunities related to the AI 
                field; and
                    (B) a modernized description of AI careers.
    (p) Refresh.--Not less than once every 2 years, the Director, in 
coordination with the Director of the Office of Personnel Management, 
shall review and update the Federal AI Scholarship-for-Service Program 
to reflect advances in technology.

SEC. 209. GEOGRAPHIC DIVERSITY.

    (a) Directorate.--The Director shall use not less than 20 percent 
of the funds provided to the Directorate, for each fiscal year, to 
carry out the program under section 113 of the National Science 
Foundation Authorization Act of 1988 (42 U.S.C. 1862g) for the purposes 
of carrying out sections 104, 106, 107, 108, and 109 of this Act.
    (b) National Science Foundation.--The Director shall use not less 
than 20 percent of the funds provided to the Foundation, for each 
fiscal year, to carry out the program under section 113 of the National 
Science Foundation Authorization Act of 1988 (42 U.S.C. 1862g).
    (c) Department of Energy.--The Secretary of Energy shall use not 
less than 20 percent of the funds provided to the Department of Energy 
under section 117 for each fiscal year to carry out the program under 
section 2203(b)(3) of the Energy Policy Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 
13503(b)(3)).
    (d) Consortia.--In the case of an award to a consortium under this 
Act, the Director may count the entire award toward meeting the funding 
requirements of this section if the lead entity of the consortium is 
located in a jurisdiction that is eligible to participate in the 
program under section 113 of the National Science Foundation 
Authorization Act of 1988 (42 U.S.C. 1862g). In the case of an award to 
a consortium under this Act, the Secretary may count the entire award 
toward meeting the funding requirements of this section if the lead 
entity of the consortium is located in a jurisdiction that is eligible 
to participate in the program under section 2203(b)(3) of the Energy 
Policy Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 13503(b)(3)).

SEC. 210. RURAL STEM EDUCATION ACT.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Federal laboratory.--The term ``Federal laboratory'' 
        has the meaning given such term in section 4 of the Stevenson-
        Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3703).
            (2) Institution of higher education.--The term 
        ``institution of higher education'' has the meaning given such 
        term in section 101(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
        U.S.C. 1001(a)).
            (3) STEM.--The term ``STEM'' has the meaning given the term 
        in section 2 of the America COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 
        2010 (42 U.S.C. 6621 note).
            (4) STEM education.--The term ``STEM education'' has the 
        meaning given the term in section 2 of the STEM Education Act 
        of 2015 (42 U.S.C. 6621 note).
    (b) National Science Foundation Rural Stem Activities.--
            (1) Preparing rural stem educators.--
                    (A) In general.--The Director shall provide grants 
                on a merit-reviewed, competitive basis to institutions 
                of higher education or nonprofit organizations (or a 
                consortium thereof) for research and development to 
                advance innovative approaches to support and sustain 
                high-quality STEM teaching in rural schools.
                    (B) Use of funds.--
                            (i) In general.--Grants awarded under this 
                        paragraph shall be used for the research and 
                        development activities referred to in 
                        subparagraph (A), which may include--
                                    (I) engaging rural educators of 
                                students in prekindergarten through 
                                grade 12 in professional learning 
                                opportunities to enhance STEM 
                                knowledge, including computer science, 
                                and develop best practices;
                                    (II) supporting research on 
                                effective STEM teaching practices in 
                                rural settings, including the use of 
                                rubrics and mastery-based grading 
                                practices to assess student performance 
                                when employing the transdisciplinary 
                                teaching approach for STEM disciplines;
                                    (III) designing and developing pre-
                                service and in-service training 
                                resources to assist such rural 
                                educators in adopting transdisciplinary 
                                teaching practices across STEM courses;
                                    (IV) coordinating with local 
                                partners to adapt STEM teaching 
                                practices to leverage local, natural, 
                                and community assets in order to 
                                support in-place learning in rural 
                                areas;
                                    (V) providing hands-on training and 
                                research opportunities for rural 
                                educators described in subclause (I) at 
                                Federal laboratories or institutions of 
                                higher education, or in industry;
                                    (VI) developing training and best 
                                practices for educators who teach 
                                multiple grade levels within a STEM 
                                discipline;
                                    (VII) designing and implementing 
                                professional development courses and 
                                experiences, including mentoring, for 
                                rural educators described in subclause 
                                (I) that combine face-to-face and 
                                online experiences; and
                                    (VIII) any other activity the 
                                Director determines will accomplish the 
                                goals of this paragraph.
                            (ii) Rural stem collaborative.--The 
                        Director shall establish a pilot program of 
                        regional cohorts in rural areas that will 
                        provide peer support, mentoring, and hands-on 
                        research experiences for rural STEM educators 
                        of students in prekindergarten through grade 
                        12, in order to build an ecosystem of 
                        cooperation among educators, researchers, 
                        academia, and local industry.
            (2) Broadening participation of rural students in stem.--
                    (A) In general.--The Director shall provide grants 
                on a merit-reviewed, competitive basis to institutions 
                of higher education or nonprofit organizations (or a 
                consortium thereof) for--
                            (i) research and development of programming 
                        to identify the barriers rural students face in 
                        accessing high-quality STEM education; and
                            (ii) development of innovative solutions to 
                        improve the participation and advancement of 
                        rural students in prekindergarten through grade 
                        12 in STEM studies.
                    (B) Use of funds.--
                            (i) In general.--Grants awarded under this 
                        paragraph shall be used for the research and 
                        development activities referred to in 
                        subparagraph (A), which may include--
                                    (I) developing partnerships with 
                                community colleges to offer advanced 
                                STEM course work, including computer 
                                science, to rural high school students;
                                    (II) supporting research on 
                                effective STEM practices in rural 
                                settings;
                                    (III) implementing a school-wide 
                                STEM approach;
                                    (IV) improving the Foundation's 
                                Advanced Technology Education program's 
                                coordination and engagement with rural 
                                communities;
                                    (V) collaborating with existing 
                                community partners and networks, such 
                                as the Cooperative Extension System 
                                services and extramural research 
                                programs of the Department of 
                                Agriculture and youth serving 
                                organizations like 4-H, after school 
                                STEM programs, and summer STEM 
                                programs, to leverage community 
                                resources and develop place-based 
                                programming;
                                    (VI) connecting rural school 
                                districts and institutions of higher 
                                education, to improve precollegiate 
                                STEM education and engagement;
                                    (VII) supporting partnerships that 
                                offer hands-on inquiry-based science 
                                activities, including coding, and 
                                access to lab resources for students 
                                studying STEM in prekindergarten 
                                through grade 12 in a rural area;
                                    (VIII) evaluating the role of 
                                broadband connectivity and its 
                                associated impact on the STEM and 
                                technology literacy of rural students;
                                    (IX) building capacity to support 
                                extracurricular STEM programs in rural 
                                schools, including mentor-led 
                                engagement programs, STEM programs held 
                                during nonschool hours, STEM networks, 
                                makerspaces, coding activities, and 
                                competitions; and
                                    (X) any other activity the Director 
                                determines will accomplish the goals of 
                                this paragraph.
            (3) Application.--An applicant seeking a grant under 
        paragraph (1) or (2) shall submit an application at such time, 
        in such manner, and containing such information as the Director 
        may require. The application may include the following:
                    (A) A description of the target population to be 
                served by the research activity or activities for which 
                such grant is sought.
                    (B) A description of the process for recruitment 
                and selection of students, educators, or schools from 
                rural areas to participate in such activity or 
                activities.
                    (C) A description of how such activity or 
                activities may inform efforts to promote the engagement 
                and achievement of rural students in prekindergarten 
                through grade 12 in STEM studies.
                    (D) In the case of a proposal consisting of a 
                partnership or partnerships with one or more rural 
                schools and one or more researchers, a plan for 
                establishing a sustained partnership that is jointly 
                developed and managed, draws from the capacities of 
                each partner, and is mutually beneficial.
            (4) Partnerships.--In awarding grants under paragraph (1) 
        or (2), the Director shall--
                    (A) encourage applicants which, for the purpose of 
                the activity or activities funded through the grant, 
                include or partner with a nonprofit organization or an 
                institution of higher education (or a consortium 
                thereof) that has extensive experience and expertise in 
                increasing the participation of rural students in 
                prekindergarten through grade 12 in STEM; and
                    (B) encourage applicants which, for the purpose of 
                the activity or activities funded through the grant, 
                include or partner with a consortium of rural schools 
                or rural school districts.
            (5) Evaluations.--All proposals for grants under paragraphs 
        (1) and (2) shall include an evaluation plan that includes the 
        use of outcome-oriented measures to assess the impact and 
        efficacy of the grant. Each recipient of a grant under this 
        subsection shall include results from these evaluative 
        activities in annual and final projects.
            (6) Accountability and dissemination.--
                    (A) Evaluation required.--The Director shall 
                evaluate the portfolio of grants awarded under 
                paragraphs (1) and (2). Such evaluation shall--
                            (i) assess the results of research 
                        conducted under such grants and identify best 
                        practices; and
                            (ii) to the extent practicable, integrate 
                        the findings of research resulting from the 
                        activity or activities funded through such 
                        grants with the findings of other research on 
                        rural students' pursuit of degrees or careers 
                        in STEM.
                    (B) Report on evaluations.--Not later than 180 days 
                after the completion of the evaluation under 
                subparagraph (A), the Director shall submit to Congress 
                and make widely available to the public a report that 
                includes--
                            (i) the results of the evaluation; and
                            (ii) any recommendations for administrative 
                        and legislative action that could optimize the 
                        effectiveness of the grants awarded under this 
                        subsection.
            (7) Report by committee on equal opportunities in science 
        and engineering.--As part of the first report required by 
        section 36(e) of the Science and Engineering Equal 
        Opportunities Act (42 U.S.C. 1885c(e)) transmitted to Congress 
        after the date of enactment of this Act, the Committee on Equal 
        Opportunities in Science and Engineering shall include--
                    (A) a description of past and present policies and 
                activities of the Foundation to encourage full 
                participation of students in rural communities in 
                science, mathematics, engineering, and computer science 
                fields; and
                    (B) an assessment of the policies and activities of 
                the Foundation, along with proposals for new strategies 
                or the broadening of existing successful strategies 
                towards facilitating the goal of increasing 
                participation of rural students in prekindergarten 
                through grade 12 in Foundation activities.
            (8) Coordination.--In carrying out this subsection, the 
        Director shall, for purposes of enhancing program effectiveness 
        and avoiding duplication of activities, consult, cooperate, and 
        coordinate with the programs and policies of other relevant 
        Federal agencies.
    (c) Opportunities for Online Education.--
            (1) In general.--The Director shall award competitive 
        grants to institutions of higher education or nonprofit 
        organizations (or a consortium thereof, which may include a 
        private sector partner) to conduct research on online STEM 
        education courses for rural communities.
            (2) Research areas.--The research areas eligible for 
        funding under this subsection shall include--
                    (A) evaluating the learning and achievement of 
                rural students in prekindergarten through grade 12 in 
                STEM subjects;
                    (B) understanding how computer-based and online 
                professional development courses and mentor experiences 
                can be integrated to meet the needs of educators of 
                rural students in prekindergarten through grade 12;
                    (C) combining computer-based and online STEM 
                education and training with apprenticeships, mentoring, 
                or other applied learning arrangements;
                    (D) leveraging online programs to supplement STEM 
                studies for rural students that need physical and 
                academic accommodation; and
                    (E) any other activity the Director determines will 
                accomplish the goals of this subsection.
            (3) Evaluations.--All proposals for grants under this 
        subsection shall include an evaluation plan that includes the 
        use of outcome-oriented measures to assess the impact and 
        efficacy of the grant. Each recipient of a grant under this 
        subsection shall include results from these evaluative 
        activities in annual and final projects.
            (4) Accountability and dissemination.--
                    (A) Evaluation required.--The Director shall 
                evaluate the portfolio of grants awarded under this 
                subsection. Such evaluation shall--
                            (i) use a common set of benchmarks and 
                        tools to assess the results of research 
                        conducted under such grants and identify best 
                        practices; and
                            (ii) to the extent practicable, integrate 
                        findings from activities carried out pursuant 
                        to research conducted under this subsection, 
                        with respect to the pursuit of careers and 
                        degrees in STEM, with those activities carried 
                        out pursuant to other research on serving rural 
                        students and communities.
                    (B) Report on evaluations.--Not later than 180 days 
                after the completion of the evaluation under 
                subparagraph (A), the Director shall submit to Congress 
                and make widely available to the public a report that 
                includes--
                            (i) the results of the evaluation; and
                            (ii) any recommendations for administrative 
                        and legislative action that could optimize the 
                        effectiveness of the grants awarded under this 
                        subsection.
            (5) Coordination.--In carrying out this subsection, the 
        Director shall, for purposes of enhancing program effectiveness 
        and avoiding duplication of activities, consult, cooperate, and 
        coordinate with the programs and policies of other relevant 
        Federal agencies.
    (d) National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine 
Evaluation.--
            (1) Study.--Not later than 12 months after the date of 
        enactment of this Act, the Director shall enter into an 
        agreement with the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, 
        and Medicine under which the National Academies agree to 
        conduct an evaluation and assessment that--
                    (A) evaluates the quality and quantity of current 
                Federal programming and research directed at examining 
                STEM education for students in prekindergarten through 
                grade 12 and workforce development in rural areas;
                    (B) in coordination with the Federal Communications 
                Commission, assesses the impact that the scarcity of 
                broadband connectivity in rural communities, and the 
                affordability of broadband connectivity, have on STEM 
                and technical literacy for students in prekindergarten 
                through grade 12 in rural areas;
                    (C) assesses the core research and data needed to 
                understand the challenges rural areas are facing in 
                providing quality STEM education and workforce 
                development;
                    (D) makes recommendations for action at the 
                Federal, State, and local levels for improving STEM 
                education, including online STEM education, for 
                students in prekindergarten through grade 12 and 
                workforce development in rural areas; and
                    (E) makes recommendations to inform the 
                implementation of programs in subsections (a), (b), and 
                (c).
            (2) Report to director.--The agreement entered into under 
        paragraph (1) shall require the National Academies of Sciences, 
        Engineering, and Medicine, not later than 24 months after the 
        date of enactment of this Act, to submit to the Director a 
        report on the study conducted under such paragraph, including 
        the National Academies' findings and recommendations.
    (e) GAO Review.--Not later than 3 years after the date of enactment 
of this Act, the Comptroller General of the United States shall conduct 
a study on the engagement of rural populations in Federal STEM programs 
and submit to Congress a report that includes--
            (1) an assessment of how Federal STEM education programs 
        are serving rural populations;
            (2) a description of initiatives carried out by Federal 
        agencies that are targeted at supporting STEM education in 
        rural areas;
            (3) an assessment of what is known about the impact and 
        effectiveness of Federal investments in STEM education programs 
        that are targeted to rural areas; and
            (4) an assessment of challenges that State and Federal STEM 
        education programs face in reaching rural population centers.
    (f) Capacity Building Through EPSCoR.--Section 517(f)(2) of the 
America COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 1862p-9(f)(2)) 
is amended--
            (1) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``and'' at the end; 
        and
            (2) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(C) to increase the capacity of rural communities 
                to provide quality STEM education and STEM workforce 
                development programming to students and teachers; 
                and''.
    (g) NIST Engagement With Rural Communities.--
            (1) MEP outreach.--Section 25 of the National Institute of 
        Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k) is amended--
                    (A) in subsection (c)--
                            (i) in paragraph (6), by striking 
                        ``community colleges and area career and 
                        technical education schools'' and inserting the 
                        following: ``secondary schools (as defined in 
                        section 8101 of the Elementary and Secondary 
                        Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7801)), 
                        community colleges, and area career and 
                        technical education schools, including those in 
                        underserved and rural communities,''; and
                            (ii) in paragraph (7)--
                                    (I) by striking ``and local 
                                colleges'' and inserting the following: 
                                ``local high schools and local 
                                colleges, including those in 
                                underserved and rural communities,''; 
                                and
                                    (II) by inserting ``or other 
                                applied learning opportunities'' after 
                                ``apprenticeships''; and
                    (B) in subsection (d)(3), by striking ``, community 
                colleges, and area career and technical education 
                schools,'' and inserting the following: ``and local 
                high schools, community colleges, and area career and 
                technical education schools, including those in 
                underserved and rural communities,''.
            (2) Rural connectivity prize competition.--
                    (A) Prize competition.--Pursuant to section 24 of 
                the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 
                (15 U.S.C. 3719), the Secretary of Commerce shall carry 
                out a program to award prizes competitively to 
                stimulate research and development of creative 
                technologies to support the deployment of affordable 
                and reliable broadband connectivity in rural 
                communities, including unserved rural communities.
                    (B) Plan for deployment in rural communities.--Each 
                proposal submitted pursuant to subparagraph (A) shall 
                include a proposed plan for deployment of the 
                technology that is the subject of such proposal.
                    (C) Prize amount.--In carrying out the program 
                under subparagraph (A), the Secretary may award not 
                more than a total of $5,000,000 to one or more winners 
                of the prize competition.
                    (D) Report.--Not later than 60 days after the date 
                on which a prize is awarded under the prize 
                competition, the Secretary shall submit to the relevant 
                committees of Congress a report that describes the 
                winning proposal of the prize competition.
                    (E) Consultation.--In carrying out the program 
                under this paragraph, the Secretary shall consult with 
                the Federal Communications Commission and the heads of 
                relevant departments and agencies of the Federal 
                Government.

SEC. 211. QUANTUM NETWORK INFRASTRUCTURE AND WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT ACT.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) ESEA definitions.--The terms ``elementary school'', 
        ``high school'', ``local educational agency'', and ``secondary 
        school'' have the meanings given those terms in section 8101 of 
        the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
        7801).
            (2) Appropriate committees of congress.--The term 
        ``appropriate committees of Congress'' has the meaning given 
        such term in section 2 of the National Quantum Initiative Act 
        (15 U.S.C. 8801).
            (3) Interagency working group.--The term ``Interagency 
        Working Group'' means the QIS Workforce Working Group under the 
        Subcommittee on Quantum Information Science of the National 
        Science and Technology Council.
            (4) Q2work program.--The term ``Q2Work Program'' means the 
        Q2Work Program supported by the Foundation.
            (5) Quantum information science.--The term ``quantum 
        information science'' has the meaning given such term in 
        section 2 of the National Quantum Initiative Act (15 U.S.C. 
        8801).
            (6) STEM.--The term ``STEM'' has the meaning given the term 
        in section 2 of the America COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 
        2010 (42 U.S.C. 6621 note).
    (b) Quantum Networking Working Group Report on Quantum Networking 
and Communications.--
            (1) Report.--Not later than 3 years after the date of the 
        enactment of this Act, the Quantum Networking Working Group 
        within the Subcommittee on Quantum Information Science of the 
        National Science and Technology Council shall submit to the 
        appropriate committees of Congress a report detailing a plan 
        for the advancement of quantum networking and communications 
        technology in the United States, building on A Strategic Vision 
        for America's Quantum Networks and A Coordinated Approach for 
        Quantum Networking Research.
            (2) Requirements.--The report under paragraph (1) shall 
        include--
                    (A) a framework for interagency collaboration on 
                the advancement of quantum networking and 
                communications research;
                    (B) a plan for interagency collaboration on the 
                development and drafting of international standards for 
                quantum communications technology, including standards 
                relating to--
                            (i) quantum cryptography and post-quantum 
                        classical cryptography;
                            (ii) network security;
                            (iii) quantum network infrastructure;
                            (iv) transmission of quantum information 
                        through optical fiber networks; and
                            (v) any other technologies considered 
                        appropriate by the Working Group;
                    (C) a proposal for the protection of national 
                security interests relating to the advancement of 
                quantum networking and communications technology;
                    (D) recommendations to Congress for legislative 
                action relating to the framework, plan, and proposal 
                set forth pursuant to subparagraphs (A), (B), and (C), 
                respectively; and
                    (E) such other matters as the Working Group 
                considers necessary to advance the security of 
                communications and network infrastructure, remain at 
                the forefront of scientific discovery in the quantum 
                information science domain, and transition quantum 
                information science research into the emerging quantum 
                technology economy.
    (c) Quantum Networking and Communications Research.--
            (1) Research.--The Under Secretary of Commerce for 
        Standards and Technology shall carry out research to facilitate 
        the development and standardization of quantum networking and 
        communications technologies and applications, including 
        research on the following:
                    (A) Quantum cryptography and post-quantum classical 
                cryptography.
                    (B) Quantum repeater technology.
                    (C) Quantum network traffic management.
                    (D) Quantum transduction.
                    (E) Long baseline entanglement and teleportation.
                    (F) Such other technologies, processes, or 
                applications as the Under Secretary considers 
                appropriate.
            (2) Implementation.--The Under Secretary shall carry out 
        the research required by paragraph (1) through such divisions, 
        laboratories, offices and programs of the National Institute of 
        Standards and Technology as the Under Secretary considers 
        appropriate and actively engaged in activities relating to 
        quantum information science.
            (3) Development of standards.--For quantum technologies 
        deemed by the Under Secretary to be at a readiness level 
        sufficient for standardization, the Under Secretary shall 
        provide technical review and assistance to such other Federal 
        agencies as the Under Secretary considers appropriate for the 
        development of quantum network infrastructure standards.
            (4) Authorization of appropriations.--
                    (A) In general.--There is authorized to be 
                appropriated to the Scientific and Technical Research 
                and Services account of the National Institute of 
                Standards and Technology to carry out this subsection 
                $10,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2022 through 2026.
                    (B) Supplement, not supplant.--The amounts 
                authorized to be appropriated under subparagraph (A) 
                shall supplement and not supplant amounts already 
                appropriated to the account described in such 
                subparagraph.
    (d) Quantum Workforce Evaluation and Acceleration.--
            (1) Identification of gaps.--The Foundation shall enter 
        into an agreement with the National Academies of Sciences, 
        Engineering, and Medicine to conduct a study of ways to support 
        the next generation of quantum leaders.
            (2) Scope of study.--In carrying out the study described in 
        paragraph (1), the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, 
        and Medicine shall identify--
                    (A) education gaps, including foundational courses 
                in STEM and areas in need of standardization, in 
                elementary school, middle school, high school, and 
                higher education curricula, that need to be rectified 
                in order to prepare students to participate in the 
                quantum workforce;
                    (B) the skills and workforce needs of industry, 
                specifically identifying the cross-disciplinary 
                academic degrees or academic courses necessary--
                            (i) to qualify students for multiple career 
                        pathways in quantum information sciences and 
                        related fields;
                            (ii) to ensure the United States is 
                        competitive in the field of quantum information 
                        science while preserving national security; and
                            (iii) to support the development of quantum 
                        applications; and
                    (C) the resources and materials needed to train 
                elementary, middle, and high school educators to 
                effectively teach curricula relevant to the development 
                of a quantum workforce.
            (3) Reports.--
                    (A) Executive summary.--Not later than 2 years 
                after the date of enactment of this Act, the National 
                Academies of Science, Engineering, and Medicine shall 
                prepare and submit to the Foundation, and programs or 
                projects funded by the Foundation, an executive summary 
                of progress regarding the study conducted under 
                paragraph (1) that outlines the findings of the 
                Academies as of such date.
                    (B) Report.--Not later than 3 years after the date 
                of enactment of this Act, the National Academies of 
                Science, Engineering, and Medicine shall prepare and 
                submit a report containing the results of the study 
                conducted under paragraph (1) to Congress, the 
                Foundation, and programs or projects funded by the 
                Foundation that are relevant to the acceleration of a 
                quantum workforce.
    (e) Incorporating QISE Into STEM Curriculum.--
            (1) In general.--The Foundation shall, through programs 
        carried out or supported by the Foundation, prioritize the 
        better integration of quantum information science and 
        engineering (referred to in this subsection as QISE) into the 
        STEM curriculum for each grade level from kindergarten through 
        grade 12, and community colleges.
            (2) Requirements.--The curriculum integration under 
        paragraph (1) shall include--
                    (A) methods to conceptualize QISE for elementary, 
                middle, and high school curricula;
                    (B) methods for strengthening foundational 
                mathematics and science curricula;
                    (C) age-appropriate materials that apply the 
                principles of quantum information science in STEM 
                fields;
                    (D) recommendations for the standardization of key 
                concepts, definitions, and curriculum criteria across 
                government, academia, and industry; and
                    (E) materials that specifically address the 
                findings and outcomes of the study conducted under 
                subsection (d) and strategies to account for the skills 
                and workforce needs identified through the study.
            (3) Coordination.--In carrying out this subsection, the 
        Foundation, including the STEM Education Advisory Panel and the 
        Advancing Informal STEM Learning program and through the 
        Foundation's role in the National Q-12 Education Partnership 
        and the programs such as the Q2Work Program, shall coordinate 
        with the Office of Science and Technology Policy, EPSCoR 
        eligible universities, and any Federal agencies or working 
        groups determined necessary by the Foundation.
            (4) Review.--In implementing this subsection, the 
        Foundation shall support the community expansion of the related 
        report entitled Key Concepts for Future QIS Learners (May 
        2020).
    (f) Quantum Education Pilot Program.--
            (1) In general.--The Foundation, through the Foundation's 
        role in the National Q-12 Education Partnership and programs 
        such as Q2Work Program, and in coordination with the 
        Directorate for Education and Human Resources, shall carry out 
        a pilot program, to be known as the Next Generation Quantum 
        Leaders Pilot Program, to provide funding for the education and 
        training of the next generation of students in the fundamental 
        principles of quantum mechanics.
            (2) Requirements.--
                    (A) In general.--In carrying out the pilot program 
                required by paragraph (1), the Foundation shall--
                            (i) publish a call for applications through 
                        the National Q-12 Education Partnership website 
                        (or similar website) for participation in the 
                        pilot program from elementary schools, 
                        secondary schools, and State educational 
                        agencies as determined appropriate by the 
                        Foundation;
                            (ii) coordinate with educational service 
                        agencies, associations that support STEM 
                        educators or local educational agencies, and 
                        partnerships through the Q-12 Education 
                        Partnership, to encourage elementary schools, 
                        secondary schools, and State educational 
                        agencies to participate in the program as 
                        determined appropriate by the Foundation;
                            (iii) accept applications in advance of the 
                        academic year in which the program shall begin; 
                        and
                            (iv) select elementary schools, secondary 
                        schools, and State educational agencies to 
                        participate in the program, as determined 
                        appropriate by the Foundation, in accordance 
                        with qualifications determined by the QIS 
                        Workforce Working Group, in coordination with 
                        the National Q-12 Education Partnership.
                    (B) Prioritization.--In selecting program 
                participants under subparagraph (A)(iv), the Director 
                of the Foundation shall give priority to elementary 
                schools, secondary schools, and local educational 
                agencies located in jurisdictions eligible to 
                participate in the Established Program to Stimulate 
                Competitive Research (commonly known as EPSCoR), 
                including Tribal and rural elementary, middle, and high 
                schools in such jurisdictions.
            (3) Consultation.--The Foundation shall carry out this 
        subsection in consultation with the QIS Workforce Working Group 
        and the Advancing Informal STEM Learning Program.
            (4) Reporting.--
                    (A) Report and selected participants.--Not later 
                than 90 days following the closing of the application 
                period under paragraph (2)(A)(iii), the Director of the 
                Foundation shall submit to Congress a report on the 
                educational institutions selected to participate in the 
                pilot program required under paragraph (1), specifying 
                the percentage from nontraditional geographies, 
                including Tribal or rural school districts.
                    (B) Report on implementation of curriculum.--Not 
                later than 2 years after the date of enactment of this 
                Act, the Director of the Foundation shall submit to 
                Congress a report on implementation of the curricula 
                and materials under the pilot program, including the 
                feasibility and advisability of expanding such pilot 
                program to include additional educational institutions 
                beyond those originally selected to participate in the 
                pilot program.
            (5) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized 
        to be appropriated such funds as may be necessary to carry out 
        this subsection.
            (6) Termination.--This subsection shall cease to have 
        effect on the date that is 3 years after the date of the 
        enactment of this Act.
    (g) Energy Sciences Network.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary of Energy (referred to in 
        this subsection as the Secretary), in coordination with the 
        National Science Foundation and the National Aeronautics and 
        Space Administration, shall supplement the Energy Sciences 
        Network User Facility (referred to in this subsection as the 
        Network) with dedicated quantum network infrastructure to 
        advance development of quantum networking and communications 
        technology.
            (2) Purpose.--The purpose of paragraph (1) is to utilize 
        the Network to advance a broad range of testing and research, 
        including relating to--
                    (A) the establishment of stable, long-baseline 
                quantum entanglement and teleportation;
                    (B) quantum repeater technologies for long-baseline 
                communication purposes;
                    (C) quantum transduction;
                    (D) the coexistence of quantum and classical 
                information;
                    (E) multiplexing, forward error correction, 
                wavelength routing algorithms, and other quantum 
                networking infrastructure; and
                    (F) any other technologies or applications 
                determined necessary by the Secretary.
            (3) Authorization of appropriations.--There are authorized 
        to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this 
        subsection, $10,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2022 through 
        2026.

SEC. 212. SUPPORTING EARLY-CAREER RESEARCHERS ACT.

    (a) Short Title.--This section may be cited as the ``Supporting 
Early-Career Researchers Act''.
    (b) In General.--The Director may establish a 2-year pilot program 
to award grants to highly qualified early-career investigators to carry 
out an independent research program at the institution of higher 
education or participating Federal research facility chosen by such 
investigator, to last for a period not greater than 2 years.
    (c) Priority for Broadening Participation.--In awarding grants 
under this section, the Director shall give priority to--
            (1) early-career investigators who are from groups that are 
        underrepresented in science, technology, engineering, and 
        mathematics research;
            (2) early-career investigators who choose to carry out 
        independent research at a minority-serving institution (or an 
        institution of higher education with an established STEM 
        capacity building program focused on traditionally 
        underrepresented populations in STEM, including Native 
        Hawaiians, Alaska Natives, and other Indians); and
            (3) early-career investigators in a jurisdiction eligible 
        to participate under section 113 of the National Science 
        Foundation Authorization Act of 1988 (42 U.S.C. 1862g).
    (d) Reports From Grantees.--Not later than 180 days after the end 
of the pilot program under this section, each early-career investigator 
who receives a grant under the pilot program shall submit a report to 
the Director that describes how the early-career investigator used the 
grant funds.
    (e) Report to Congress.--Not later than 180 days after the deadline 
for the submission of the reports described in subsection (d), the 
Director shall submit a report to the Committee on Commerce, Science, 
and Transportation of the Senate and the Committee on Science, Space, 
and Technology of the House of Representatives that contains a summary 
of the uses of grant funds under this section and the impact of the 
pilot program under this section.

SEC. 213. ADVANCING PRECISION AGRICULTURE CAPABILITIES ACT.

    (a) Short Title.--This section may be cited as the ``Advancing IoT 
for Precision Agriculture Act of 2021''.
    (b) Purpose.--It is the purpose of this section to promote 
scientific research and development opportunities for connected 
technologies that advance precision agriculture capabilities.
    (c) Foundation Directive on Agricultural Sensor Research.--In 
awarding grants under the sensor systems and networked systems programs 
of the Foundation, the Director shall include in consideration of 
portfolio balance research and development on sensor connectivity in 
environments of intermittent connectivity and intermittent 
computation--
            (1) to improve the reliable use of advance sensing systems 
        in rural and agricultural areas; and
            (2) that considers--
                    (A) direct gateway access for locally stored data;
                    (B) attenuation of signal transmission;
                    (C) loss of signal transmission; and
                    (D) at-scale performance for wireless power.
    (d) Updating Considerations for Precision Agriculture Technology 
Within the NSF Advanced Technical Education Program.--Section 3 of the 
Scientific and Advanced-Technology Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 1862i), as 
amended by section 205, is further amended--
            (1) in subsection (d)(2), by adding at the end the 
        following:
                    ``(G) applications that incorporate distance 
                learning tools and approaches.''; and
            (2) in subsection (e)(3)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (C), by striking ``and'' after 
                the semicolon;
                    (B) in subparagraph (D), by striking the period at 
                the end and inserting ``; and''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(E) applications that incorporate distance 
                learning tools and approaches.''.
    (e) GAO Review.--Not later than 18 months after the date of 
enactment of this section, the Comptroller General of the United States 
shall provide--
            (1) a technology assessment of precision agriculture 
        technologies, such as the existing use of--
                    (A) sensors, scanners, radio-frequency 
                identification, and related technologies that can 
                monitor soil properties, irrigation conditions, and 
                plant physiology;
                    (B) sensors, scanners, radio-frequency 
                identification, and related technologies that can 
                monitor livestock activity and health;
                    (C) network connectivity and wireless 
                communications that can securely support digital 
                agriculture technologies in rural and remote areas;
                    (D) aerial imagery generated by satellites or 
                unmanned aerial vehicles;
                    (E) ground-based robotics;
                    (F) control systems design and connectivity, such 
                as smart irrigation control systems; and
                    (G) data management software and advanced analytics 
                that can assist decision making and improve 
                agricultural outcomes; and
            (2) a review of Federal programs that provide support for 
        precision agriculture research, development, adoption, 
        education, or training, in existence on the date of enactment 
        of this section.

SEC. 214. CRITICAL MINERALS MINING RESEARCH.

    (a) Critical Minerals Mining Research and Development at the 
Foundation.--
            (1) In general.--In order to support supply chain 
        resiliency, the Director shall issue awards, on a competitive 
        basis, to institutions of higher education or nonprofit 
        organizations (or consortia of such institutions or 
        organizations) to support basic research that will accelerate 
        innovation to advance critical minerals mining strategies and 
        technologies for the purpose of making better use of domestic 
        resources and eliminating national reliance on minerals and 
        mineral materials that are subject to supply disruptions.
            (2) Use of funds.--Activities funded by an award under this 
        section may include--
                    (A) advancing mining research and development 
                activities to develop new mapping and mining 
                technologies and techniques, including advanced 
                critical mineral extraction and production, to improve 
                existing or to develop new supply chains of critical 
                minerals, and to yield more efficient, economical, and 
                environmentally benign mining practices;
                    (B) advancing critical mineral processing research 
                activities to improve separation, alloying, 
                manufacturing, or recycling techniques and technologies 
                that can decrease the energy intensity, waste, 
                potential environmental impact, and costs of those 
                activities;
                    (C) conducting long-term earth observation of 
                reclaimed mine sites, including the study of the 
                evolution of microbial diversity at such sites;
                    (D) examining the application of artificial 
                intelligence for geological exploration of critical 
                minerals, including what size and diversity of data 
                sets would be required;
                    (E) examining the application of machine learning 
                for detection and sorting of critical minerals, 
                including what size and diversity of data sets would be 
                required;
                    (F) conducting detailed isotope studies of critical 
                minerals and the development of more refined geologic 
                models; or
                    (G) providing training and research opportunities 
                to undergraduate and graduate students to prepare the 
                next generation of mining engineers and researchers.
    (b) Critical Minerals Interagency Subcommittee.--
            (1) In general.--In order to support supply chain 
        resiliency, the Critical Minerals Subcommittee of the National 
        Science and Technology Council (referred to in this subsection 
        as the Subcommittee) shall coordinate Federal science and 
        technology efforts to ensure secure and reliable supplies of 
        critical minerals to the United States.
            (2) Purposes.--The purposes of the Subcommittee shall be--
                    (A) to advise and assist the Committee on Homeland 
                and National Security and the National Science and 
                Technology Council on United States policies, 
                procedures, and plans as it relates to critical 
                minerals, including--
                            (i) Federal research, development, and 
                        deployment efforts to optimize methods for 
                        extractions, concentration, separation, and 
                        purification of conventional, secondary, and 
                        unconventional sources of critical minerals;
                            (ii) efficient use and reuse of critical 
                        minerals;
                            (iii) the critical minerals workforce of 
                        the United States; and
                            (iv) United States private industry 
                        investments in innovation and technology 
                        transfer from federally funded science and 
                        technology;
                    (B) to identify emerging opportunities, stimulate 
                international cooperation, and foster the development 
                of secure and reliable supply chains of critical 
                minerals;
                    (C) to ensure the transparency of information and 
                data related to critical minerals; and
                    (D) to provide recommendations on coordination and 
                collaboration among the research, development, and 
                deployment programs and activities of Federal agencies 
                to promote a secure and reliable supply of critical 
                minerals necessary to maintain national security, 
                economic well-being, and industrial production.
            (3) Responsibilities.--In carrying out paragraphs (1) and 
        (2), the Subcommittee may, taking into account the findings and 
        recommendations of relevant advisory committees--
                    (A) provide recommendations on how Federal agencies 
                may improve the topographic, geologic, and geophysical 
                mapping of the United States and improve the 
                discoverability, accessibility, and usability of the 
                resulting and existing data, to the extent permitted by 
                law and subject to appropriate limitation for purposes 
                of privacy and security;
                    (B) assess the progress toward developing critical 
                minerals recycling and reprocessing technologies, and 
                technological alternatives to critical minerals;
                    (C) examine options for accessing and developing 
                critical minerals through investment and trade with 
                allies and partners of the United States and provide 
                recommendations;
                    (D) evaluate and provide recommendations to 
                incentivize the development and use of advances in 
                science and technology in the private industry;
                    (E) assess the need for and make recommendations to 
                address the challenges the United States critical 
                minerals supply chain workforce faces, including--
                            (i) aging and retiring personnel and 
                        faculty;
                            (ii) public perceptions about the nature of 
                        mining and mineral processing; and
                            (iii) foreign competition for United States 
                        talent;
                    (F) develop, and update as necessary, a strategic 
                plan to guide Federal programs and activities to 
                enhance--
                            (i) scientific and technical capabilities 
                        across critical mineral supply chains, 
                        including a roadmap that identifies key 
                        research and development needs and coordinates 
                        ongoing activities for source diversification, 
                        more efficient use, recycling, and substitution 
                        for critical minerals; and
                            (ii) cross-cutting mining science, data 
                        science techniques, materials science, 
                        manufacturing science and engineering, 
                        computational modeling, and environmental 
                        health and safety research and development; and
                    (G) report to the appropriate committees of 
                Congress on activities and findings under this 
                subsection.
            (4) Mandatory responsibilities.--In carrying out paragraphs 
        (1) and (2), the Subcommittee shall, taking into account the 
        findings and recommendations of the relevant advisory 
        committees, identify and evaluate Federal policies and 
        regulations that restrict the mining of critical minerals.
    (c) Grant Program for Development of Critical Minerals and 
Metals.--
            (1) Establishment.--The Secretary of Commerce, in 
        consultation with the Director and the Secretary of the 
        Interior, shall establish a grant program to finance pilot 
        projects for the development of critical minerals and metals in 
        the United States.
            (2) Limitation on grant awards.--A grant awarded under 
        paragraph (1) may not exceed $10,000,000.
            (3) Economic viability.--In awarding grants under paragraph 
        (1), the Secretary of Commerce shall give priority to projects 
        that the Secretary of Commerce determines are likely to be 
        economically viable over the long term.
            (4) Secondary recovery.--In awarding grants under paragraph 
        (1), the Secretary of Commerce shall seek to award not less 
        than 30 percent of the total amount of grants awarded during 
        the fiscal year for projects relating to secondary recovery of 
        critical minerals and metals.
            (5) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized 
        to be appropriated to the Secretary of Commerce $100,000,000 
        for each of fiscal years 2021 through 2024 to carry out the 
        grant program established under paragraph (1).
    (d) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Critical mineral; critical mineral or metal.--The terms 
        ``critical mineral'' and ``critical mineral or metal'' include 
        any host mineral of a critical mineral (within the meaning of 
        those terms in section 7002 of title VII of division Z of the 
        Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 (Public Law 116-260)).
            (2) Secondary recovery.--The term ``secondary recovery'' 
        means the recovery of critical minerals and metals from 
        discarded end-use products or from waste products produced 
        during the metal refining and manufacturing process, including 
        from mine waste piles, acid mine drainage sludge, or byproducts 
        produced through legacy mining and metallurgy activities.

SEC. 215. CAREGIVER POLICIES.

    (a) OSTP Guidance.--Not later than 6 months after the date of 
enactment of this Act, the Director of the Office of Science and 
Technology Policy, in consultation with relevant agencies, shall 
provide guidance to each Federal science agency to establish policies 
that--
            (1) apply to all--
                    (A) research awards granted by such agency; and
                    (B) principal investigators of such research who 
                have caregiving responsibilities, including care for a 
                newborn or newly adopted child and care for an 
                immediate family member with a serious health 
                condition; and
            (2) offer, to the extent feasible--
                    (A) flexibility in timing for the initiation of 
                approved research awards granted by such agency;
                    (B) no-cost extensions of such research awards; and
                    (C) grant supplements, as appropriate, to research 
                awards to sustain research activities conducted under 
                such awards.
    (b) Uniformity of Guidance.--In providing guidance under subsection 
(a), the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy shall 
encourage, to the extent practicable, uniformity and consistency in the 
policies established pursuant to such guidance across all Federal 
science agencies.
    (c) Establishment of Policies.--To the extent practicable and 
consistent with guidance issued under subsection (a), Federal science 
agencies shall--
            (1) maintain or develop and implement policies for 
        individuals described in paragraph (1)(B) of such subsection; 
        and
            (2) broadly disseminate such policies to current and 
        potential awardees.
    (d) Data on Usage.--Federal science agencies shall consider--
            (1) collecting data on the usage of the policies under 
        subsection (c), at both institutions of higher education and 
        Federal laboratories; and
            (2) reporting such data on an annual basis to the Director 
        of the Office of Science and Technology Policy in such form as 
        required by the Director of the Office of Science and 
        Technology Policy.
    (e) Savings.--
            (1) Privacy.--This section shall be carried out in 
        accordance with all relevant privacy laws.
            (2) Institutions.--This section shall not affect the 
        grantee institution's institutional policies.
    (f) Definition of Federal Science Agency.--In this section, the 
term ``Federal science agency'' means any Federal agency with an annual 
extramural research expenditure of over $100,000,000.

SEC. 216. PRESIDENTIAL AWARDS.

    (a) In General.--The President is authorized to make Presidential 
Awards for Excellence in Technology and Science Research to researchers 
in underrepresented populations, including women and underrepresented 
minorities, who have demonstrated outstanding achievements in 
technology or science research.
    (b) Number and Distribution of Award Recipients.--If the President 
elects to make Presidential Awards for Excellence in Technology and 
Science Research under subsection (a), the President shall make no 
fewer than 104 Awards. In selecting researchers for the Awards, the 
President shall select at least 2 researchers--
            (1) from each of the States;
            (2) from the District of Columbia; and
            (3) from the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico.
    (c) Selection Procedures.--The President shall carry out this 
section, including the establishment of the selection procedures, after 
consultation with the Director of the Office of Science and Technology 
Policy and other appropriate officials of Federal agencies.

SEC. 217. BIOECONOMY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ACT OF 2021.

    (a) Short Title.--This section may be cited as the ``Bioeconomy 
Research and Development Act of 2021''.
    (b) Findings.--The Congress makes the following findings:
            (1) Cellular and molecular processes may be used, mimicked, 
        or redesigned to develop new products, processes, and systems 
        that improve societal well-being, strengthen national security, 
        and contribute to the economy.
            (2) Engineering biology relies on a workforce with a 
        diverse and unique set of skills combining the biological, 
        physical, chemical, and information sciences and engineering.
            (3) Long-term research and development is necessary to 
        create breakthroughs in engineering biology. Such research and 
        development requires government investment, as many of the 
        benefits are too distant or uncertain for industry to support 
        alone.
            (4) Research is necessary to inform evidence-based 
        governance of engineering biology and to support the growth of 
        the engineering biology industry.
            (5) The Federal Government has an obligation to ensure that 
        ethical, legal, environmental, safety, security, and societal 
        implications of its science and technology research and 
        investment follows policies of responsible innovation and 
        fosters public transparency.
            (6) The Federal Government can play an important role by 
        facilitating the development of tools and technologies to 
        further advance engineering biology, including user facilities, 
        by facilitating public-private partnerships, by supporting risk 
        research, and by facilitating the commercial application in the 
        United States of research funded by the Federal Government.
            (7) The United States led the development of the science 
        and engineering techniques that created the field of 
        engineering biology, but due to increasing international 
        competition, the United States is at risk of losing its 
        competitive advantage if it does not strategically invest the 
        necessary resources.
            (8) A National Engineering Biology Initiative can serve to 
        establish new research directions and technology goals, improve 
        interagency coordination and planning processes, drive 
        technology transfer to the private sector, and help ensure 
        optimal returns on the Federal investment.
    (c) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Biomanufacturing.--The term ``biomanufacturing'' means 
        the utilization of biological systems to develop new and 
        advance existing products, tools, and processes at commercial 
        scale.
            (2) Engineering biology.--The term ``engineering biology'' 
        means the application of engineering design principles and 
        practices to biological systems, including molecular and 
        cellular systems, to advance fundamental understanding of 
        complex natural systems and to enable novel or optimize 
        functions and capabilities.
            (3) Initiative.--The term ``Initiative'' means the National 
        Engineering Biology Research and Development Initiative 
        established under subsection (d).
            (4) Omics.--The term ``omics'' refers to the collective 
        technologies used to explore the roles, relationships, and 
        actions of the various types of molecules that make up the 
        cells of an organism.
    (d) National Engineering Biology Research and Development 
Initiative.--
            (1) In general.--The President, acting through the Office 
        of Science and Technology Policy, shall implement a National 
        Engineering Biology Research and Development Initiative to 
        advance societal well-being, national security, sustainability, 
        and economic productivity and competitiveness through--
                    (A) advancing areas of research at the intersection 
                of the biological, physical, chemical, data, and 
                computational sciences and engineering to accelerate 
                scientific understanding and technological innovation 
                in engineering biology;
                    (B) advancing areas of biomanufacturing research to 
                optimize, standardize, scale, and deliver new products 
                and solutions;
                    (C) supporting social and behavioral sciences and 
                economics research that advances the field of 
                engineering biology and contributes to the development 
                and public understanding of new products, processes, 
                and technologies;
                    (D) improving the understanding of engineering 
                biology of the scientific and lay public and supporting 
                greater evidence-based public discourse about its 
                benefits and risks;
                    (E) supporting research relating to the risks and 
                benefits of engineering biology, including under 
                paragraph (4);
                    (F) supporting the development of novel tools and 
                technologies to accelerate scientific understanding and 
                technological innovation in engineering biology;
                    (G) expanding the number of researchers, educators, 
                and students and a retooled workforce with engineering 
                biology training, including from traditionally 
                underrepresented and underserved populations;
                    (H) accelerating the translation and 
                commercialization of engineering biology research and 
                development by the private sector; and
                    (I) improving the interagency planning and 
                coordination of Federal Government activities related 
                to engineering biology.
            (2) Initiative activities.--The activities of the 
        Initiative shall include--
                    (A) sustained support for engineering biology 
                research and development through--
                            (i) grants to fund the work of individual 
                        investigators and teams of investigators, 
                        including interdisciplinary teams;
                            (ii) projects funded under joint 
                        solicitations by a collaboration of no fewer 
                        than two agencies participating in the 
                        Initiative; and
                            (iii) interdisciplinary research centers 
                        that are organized to investigate basic 
                        research questions, carry out technology 
                        development and demonstration activities, and 
                        increase understanding of how to scale up 
                        engineering biology processes, including 
                        biomanufacturing;
                    (B) sustained support for databases and related 
                tools, including--
                            (i) support for curated genomics, 
                        epigenomics, and other relevant omics 
                        databases, including plant and microbial 
                        databases, that are available to researchers to 
                        carry out engineering biology research in a 
                        manner that does not compromise national 
                        security or the privacy or security of 
                        information within such databases;
                            (ii) development of standards for such 
                        databases, including for curation, 
                        interoperability, and protection of privacy and 
                        security;
                            (iii) support for the development of 
                        computational tools, including artificial 
                        intelligence tools, that can accelerate 
                        research and innovation using such databases; 
                        and
                            (iv) an inventory and assessment of all 
                        Federal government omics databases to identify 
                        opportunities to improve the utility of such 
                        databases, as appropriate and in a manner that 
                        does not compromise national security or the 
                        privacy and security of information within such 
                        databases, and inform investment in such 
                        databases as critical infrastructure for the 
                        engineering biology research enterprise;
                    (C) sustained support for the development, 
                optimization, and validation of novel tools and 
                technologies to enable the dynamic study of molecular 
                processes in situ, including through--
                            (i) research conducted at Federal 
                        laboratories;
                            (ii) grants to fund the work of 
                        investigators at institutions of higher 
                        education and other nonprofit research 
                        institutions;
                            (iii) incentivized development of retooled 
                        industrial sites across the country that foster 
                        a pivot to modernized engineering biology 
                        initiatives; and
                            (iv) awards under the Small Business 
                        Innovation Research Program and the Small 
                        Business Technology Transfer Program, as 
                        described in section 9 of the Small Business 
                        Act (15 U.S.C. 638);
                    (D) support for education and training of 
                undergraduate and graduate students in engineering 
                biology, biomanufacturing, bioprocess engineering, and 
                computational science applied to engineering biology 
                and in the related ethical, legal, environmental, 
                safety, security, and other societal domains;
                    (E) activities to develop robust mechanisms for 
                documenting and quantifying the outputs and economic 
                benefits of engineering biology; and
                    (F) activities to accelerate the translation and 
                commercialization of new products, processes, and 
                technologies by--
                            (i) identifying precompetitive research 
                        opportunities;
                            (ii) facilitating public-private 
                        partnerships in engineering biology research 
                        and development;
                            (iii) connecting researchers, graduate 
                        students, and postdoctoral fellows with 
                        entrepreneurship education and training 
                        opportunities; and
                            (iv) supporting proof of concept activities 
                        and the formation of startup companies 
                        including through programs such as the Small 
                        Business Innovation Research Program and the 
                        Small Business Technology Transfer Program.
            (3) Expanding participation.--The Initiative shall include, 
        to the maximum extent practicable, outreach to primarily 
        undergraduate and minority-serving institutions (and 
        institutions of higher education with an established STEM 
        capacity building program focused on traditionally 
        underrepresented populations in STEM, including Native 
        Hawaiians, Alaska Natives, and other Indians) about Initiative 
        opportunities, and shall encourage the development of research 
        collaborations between research-intensive universities and 
        primarily undergraduate and minority-serving institutions (and 
        institutions of higher education with an established STEM 
        capacity building program focused on traditionally 
        underrepresented populations in STEM, including Native 
        Hawaiians, Alaska Natives, and other Indians).
            (4) Ethical, legal, environmental, safety, security, and 
        societal issues.--Initiative activities shall take into account 
        ethical, legal, environmental, safety, security, and other 
        appropriate societal issues by--
                    (A) supporting research, including in the social 
                sciences, and other activities addressing ethical, 
                legal, environmental, and other appropriate societal 
                issues related to engineering biology, including 
                integrating research on such topics with the research 
                and development in engineering biology, and encouraging 
                the dissemination of the results of such research, 
                including through interdisciplinary engineering biology 
                research centers described in paragraph (2)(A)(iii);
                    (B) supporting research and other activities 
                related to the safety and security implications of 
                engineering biology, including outreach to increase 
                awareness among Federal researchers and Federally-
                funded researchers at institutions of higher education 
                about potential safety and security implications of 
                engineering biology research, as appropriate;
                    (C) ensuring that input from Federal and non-
                Federal experts on the ethical, legal, environmental, 
                safety, security, and other appropriate societal issues 
                related to engineering biology is integrated into the 
                Initiative;
                    (D) ensuring, through the agencies and departments 
                that participate in the Initiative, that public input 
                and outreach are integrated into the Initiative by the 
                convening of regular and ongoing public discussions 
                through mechanisms such as workshops, consensus 
                conferences, and educational events, as appropriate; 
                and
                    (E) complying with all applicable provisions of 
                Federal law.
    (e) Initiative Coordination.--
            (1) Interagency committee.--The President, acting through 
        the Office of Science and Technology Policy, shall designate an 
        interagency committee to coordinate activities of the 
        Initiative as appropriate, which shall be co-chaired by the 
        Office of Science and Technology Policy, and include 
        representatives from the Foundation, the Department of Energy, 
        the Department of Defense, the National Aeronautics and Space 
        Administration, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric 
        Administration, the National Institute of Standards and 
        Technology, the Environmental Protection Agency, the Department 
        of Agriculture, the Department of Health and Human Services, 
        the Bureau of Economic Analysis, and any other agency that the 
        President considers appropriate (in this section referred to as 
        the Interagency Committee). The Director of the Office of 
        Science and Technology Policy shall select an additional co-
        chairperson from among the members of the Interagency 
        Committee. The Interagency Committee shall oversee the 
        planning, management, and coordination of the Initiative. The 
        Interagency Committee shall--
                    (A) provide for interagency coordination of Federal 
                engineering biology research, development, and other 
                activities undertaken pursuant to the Initiative;
                    (B) establish and periodically update goals and 
                priorities for the Initiative;
                    (C) develop, not later than 12 months after the 
                date of the enactment of this Act, and update every 3 
                years thereafter, a strategic plan submitted to the 
                Committee on Science, Space, and Technology and the 
                Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of 
                Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, 
                and Transportation and the Committee on Health, 
                Education, Labor, and Pensions of the Senate that--
                            (i) guides the activities of the Initiative 
                        for purposes of meeting the goals and 
                        priorities established under (and updated 
                        pursuant to) subparagraph (B); and
                            (ii) describes--
                                    (I) the Initiative's support for 
                                long-term funding for interdisciplinary 
                                engineering biology research and 
                                development;
                                    (II) the Initiative's support for 
                                education and public outreach 
                                activities;
                                    (III) the Initiative's support for 
                                research and other activities on 
                                ethical, legal, environmental, safety, 
                                security, and other appropriate 
                                societal issues related to engineering 
                                biology including--
                                            (aa) an applied biorisk 
                                        management research plan;
                                            (bb) recommendations for 
                                        integrating security into 
                                        biological data access and 
                                        international reciprocity 
                                        agreements;
                                            (cc) recommendations for 
                                        manufacturing restructuring to 
                                        support engineering biology 
                                        research, development, and 
                                        scaling-up initiatives; and
                                            (dd) an evaluation of 
                                        existing biosecurity governance 
                                        policies, guidance, and 
                                        directives for the purposes of 
                                        creating an adaptable, 
                                        evidence-based framework to 
                                        respond to emerging biosecurity 
                                        challenges created by advances 
                                        in engineering biology;
                                    (IV) how the Initiative will 
                                contribute to moving results out of the 
                                laboratory and into application for the 
                                benefit of society and United States 
                                competitiveness; and
                                    (V) how the Initiative will measure 
                                and track the contributions of 
                                engineering biology to United States 
                                economic growth and other societal 
                                indicators;
                    (D) develop a national genomic sequencing strategy 
                to ensure engineering biology research fully leverages 
                plant, animal, and microbe biodiversity, as appropriate 
                and in a manner that does not compromise national 
                security or the privacy or security of human genetic 
                information, to enhance long-term innovation and 
                competitiveness in engineering biology in the United 
                States;
                    (E) develop a plan to utilize Federal programs, 
                such as the Small Business Innovation Research Program 
                and the Small Business Technology Transfer Program as 
                described in section 9 of the Small Business Act (15 
                U.S.C. 638), in support of the activities described in 
                subsection (d)(2)(C); and
                    (F) in carrying out this subsection, take into 
                consideration the recommendations of the advisory 
                committee established under subsection (f), the results 
                of the workshop convened under subsection (d)(4)(D), 
                existing reports on related topics, and the views of 
                academic, State, industry, and other appropriate 
                groups.
            (2) Triennial report.--Beginning with fiscal year 2022 and 
        ending in fiscal year 2028, not later than 90 days after 
        submission of the President's annual budget request and every 
        third fiscal year thereafter, the Interagency Committee shall 
        prepare and submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and 
        Technology of the House of Representatives and the Committee on 
        Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate a report 
        that includes--
                    (A) a summarized agency budget in support of the 
                Initiative for the fiscal year to which such budget 
                request applies, for the following 2 fiscal years, for 
                the then current fiscal year, including a breakout of 
                spending for each agency participating in the Program, 
                and for the development and acquisition of any research 
                facilities and instrumentation; and
                    (B) an assessment of how Federal agencies are 
                implementing the plan described in paragraph (1)(C), 
                including--
                            (i) a description of the amount and number 
                        of awards made under the Small Business 
                        Innovation Research Program and the Small 
                        Business Technology Transfer Program (as 
                        described in section 9 of the Small Business 
                        Act (15 U.S.C. 638)) in support of the 
                        Initiative;
                            (ii) a description of the amount and number 
                        of projects funded under joint solicitations by 
                        a collaboration of no fewer than 2 agencies 
                        participating in the Initiative; and
                            (iii) a description of the effect of the 
                        newly funded projects by the Initiative.
            (3) Initiative office.--
                    (A) In general.--The President shall establish an 
                Initiative Coordination Office, with a Director and 
                full-time staff, which shall--
                            (i) provide technical and administrative 
                        support to the interagency committee and the 
                        advisory committee established under subsection 
                        (f);
                            (ii) serve as the point of contact on 
                        Federal engineering biology activities for 
                        government organizations, academia, industry, 
                        professional societies, State governments, 
                        interested citizen groups, and others to 
                        exchange technical and programmatic 
                        information;
                            (iii) oversee interagency coordination of 
                        the Initiative, including by encouraging and 
                        supporting joint agency solicitation and 
                        selection of applications for funding of 
                        activities under the Initiative, as 
                        appropriate;
                            (iv) conduct public outreach, including 
                        dissemination of findings and recommendations 
                        of the advisory committee established under 
                        subsection (f), as appropriate;
                            (v) serve as the coordinator of ethical, 
                        legal, environmental, safety, security, and 
                        other appropriate societal input; and
                            (vi) promote access to, and early 
                        application of, the technologies, innovations, 
                        and expertise derived from Initiative 
                        activities to agency missions and systems 
                        across the Federal Government, and to United 
                        States industry, including startup companies.
                    (B) Funding.--The Director of the Office of Science 
                and Technology Policy, in coordination with each 
                participating Federal department and agency, as 
                appropriate, shall develop and annually update an 
                estimate of the funds necessary to carry out the 
                activities of the Initiative Coordination Office and 
                submit such estimate with an agreed summary of 
                contributions from each agency to Congress as part of 
                the President's annual budget request to Congress.
                    (C) Termination.--The Initiative Coordination 
                Office established under this paragraph shall terminate 
                on the date that is 10 years after the date of the 
                enactment of this Act.
            (4) Rule of construction.--Nothing in this subsection shall 
        be construed to alter the policies, processes, or practices of 
        individual Federal agencies in effect on the day before the 
        date of the enactment of this Act relating to the conduct of 
        biomedical research and advanced development, including the 
        solicitation and review of extramural research proposals.
    (f) Advisory Committee.--
            (1) In general.--The agency co-chair of the interagency 
        committee established in subsection (e) shall, in consultation 
        with the Office of Science and Technology Policy, designate or 
        establish an advisory committee on engineering biology research 
        and development (in this subsection referred to as the advisory 
        committee) to be composed of not fewer than 12 members, 
        including representatives of research and academic 
        institutions, industry, and nongovernmental entities, who are 
        qualified to provide advice on the Initiative.
            (2) Assessment.--The advisory committee shall assess--
                    (A) the current state of United States 
                competitiveness in engineering biology, including the 
                scope and scale of United States investments in 
                engineering biology research and development in the 
                international context;
                    (B) current market barriers to commercialization of 
                engineering biology products, processes, and tools in 
                the United States;
                    (C) progress made in implementing the Initiative;
                    (D) the need to revise the Initiative;
                    (E) the balance of activities and funding across 
                the Initiative;
                    (F) whether the strategic plan developed or updated 
                by the interagency committee established under 
                subsection (e) is helping to maintain United States 
                leadership in engineering biology;
                    (G) the management, coordination, implementation, 
                and activities of the Initiative; and
                    (H) whether ethical, legal, environmental, safety, 
                security, and other appropriate societal issues are 
                adequately addressed by the Initiative.
            (3) Reports.--Beginning not later than 2 years after the 
        date of enactment of this Act, and not less frequently than 
        once every 3 years thereafter, the advisory committee shall 
        submit to the President, the Committee on Science, Space, and 
        Technology of the House of Representatives, and the Committee 
        on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate, a 
        report on--
                    (A) the findings of the advisory committee's 
                assessment under paragraph (2); and
                    (B) the advisory committee's recommendations for 
                ways to improve the Initiative.
            (4) Application of federal advisory committee act.--Section 
        14 of the Federal Advisory Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.) shall 
        not apply to the advisory committee.
            (5) Termination.--The advisory committee established under 
        paragraph (1) shall terminate on the date that is 10 years 
        after the date of the enactment of this Act.
    (g) External Review of Ethical, Legal, Environmental, Safety, 
Security, and Societal Issues.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 6 months after the date of 
        enactment of this Act, the Director shall seek to enter into an 
        agreement with the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, 
        and Medicine to conduct a review, and make recommendations with 
        respect to, the ethical, legal, environmental, safety, 
        security, and other appropriate societal issues related to 
        engineering biology research and development. The review shall 
        include--
                    (A) an assessment of the current research on such 
                issues;
                    (B) a description of the research gaps relating to 
                such issues;
                    (C) recommendations on how the Initiative can 
                address the research needs identified pursuant to 
                subparagraph (B); and
                    (D) recommendations on how researchers engaged in 
                engineering biology can best incorporate considerations 
                of ethical, legal, environmental, safety, security, and 
                other societal issues into the development of research 
                proposals and the conduct of research.
            (2) Report to congress.--The agreement entered into under 
        paragraph (1) shall require the National Academies of Sciences, 
        Engineering, and Medicine to, not later than 2 years after the 
        date of the enactment of this Act--
                    (A) submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and 
                Technology of the House of Representatives and the 
                Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of 
                the Senate a report containing the findings and 
                recommendations of the review conducted under paragraph 
                (1); and
                    (B) make a copy of such report available on a 
                publicly accessible website.
    (h) Agency Activities.--
            (1) National science foundation.--As part of the 
        Initiative, the Foundation shall--
                    (A) support basic research in engineering biology 
                through individual grants, collaborative grants, and 
                through interdisciplinary research centers;
                    (B) support research on the environmental, legal, 
                ethical, and social implications of engineering 
                biology;
                    (C) provide support for research instrumentation 
                for engineering biology disciplines, including support 
                for research, development, optimization and validation 
                of novel technologies to enable the dynamic study of 
                molecular processes in situ;
                    (D) support curriculum development and research 
                experiences for secondary, undergraduate, and graduate 
                students in engineering biology and biomanufacturing; 
                and
                    (E) award grants, on a competitive basis, to enable 
                institutions to support graduate students and 
                postdoctoral fellows who perform some of their 
                engineering biology research in an industry setting.
            (2) Department of commerce.--
                    (A) National institute of standards and 
                technology.--As part of the Initiative, the Director of 
                the National Institute of Standards and Technology 
                shall--
                            (i) establish a bioscience research program 
                        to advance the development of standard 
                        reference materials and measurements and to 
                        create new data tools, techniques, and 
                        processes necessary to advance engineering 
                        biology and biomanufacturing;
                            (ii) provide access to user facilities with 
                        advanced or unique equipment, services, 
                        materials, and other resources to industry, 
                        institutions of higher education, nonprofit 
                        organizations, and government agencies to 
                        perform research and testing; and
                            (iii) provide technical expertise to inform 
                        the potential development of guidelines or 
                        safeguards for new products, processes, and 
                        systems of engineering biology.
                    (B) National oceanic and atmospheric 
                administration.--As part of the initiative, the 
                Administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric 
                Administration shall--
                            (i) establish a program to conduct and 
                        support omics research and associated 
                        bioinformatic sciences to increase efficiency 
                        and promote a sustainable bioeconomy (blue 
                        economy) to develop the next generation of 
                        tools and products to improve ecosystem 
                        stewardship, monitoring, management, 
                        assessments, and forecasts; and
                            (ii) collaborate with other agencies to 
                        understand potential environmental threats and 
                        safeguards relating to engineering biology.
            (3) Department of energy.--As part of the Initiative, the 
        Secretary of Energy shall--
                    (A) conduct and support research, development, 
                demonstration, and commercial application activities in 
                engineering biology, including in the areas of 
                synthetic biology, advanced biofuel development, 
                biobased materials, and environmental remediation;
                    (B) support the development, optimization and 
                validation of novel, scalable tools and technologies to 
                enable the dynamic study of molecular processes in 
                situ; and
                    (C) provide access to user facilities with advanced 
                or unique equipment, services, materials, and other 
                resources, including secure access to high-performance 
                computing, as appropriate, to industry, institutions of 
                higher education, nonprofit organizations, and 
                government agencies to perform research and testing.
            (4) Department of defense.--As part of the Initiative, the 
        Secretary of Defense shall--
                    (A) conduct and support research and development in 
                engineering biology and associated data and information 
                sciences;
                    (B) support curriculum development and research 
                experiences in engineering biology and associated data 
                and information sciences across the military education 
                system, to include service academies, professional 
                military education, and military graduate education; 
                and
                    (C) assess risks of potential national security and 
                economic security threats relating to engineering 
                biology.
            (5) National aeronautics and space administration.--As part 
        of the Initiative, the National Aeronautics and Space 
        Administration shall--
                    (A) conduct and support basic and applied research 
                in engineering biology, including in synthetic biology, 
                and related to Earth and space sciences, aeronautics, 
                space technology, and space exploration and 
                experimentation, consistent with the priorities 
                established in the National Academies' decadal surveys; 
                and
                    (B) award grants, on a competitive basis, that 
                enable institutions to support graduate students and 
                postdoctoral fellows who perform some of their 
                engineering biology research in an industry setting.
            (6) Department of agriculture.--As part of the Initiative, 
        the Secretary of Agriculture shall--
                    (A) support research and development in engineering 
                biology, including in synthetic biology and 
                biomaterials;
                    (B) award grants through the National Institute of 
                Food and Agriculture; and
                    (C) support development conducted by the 
                Agricultural Research Service.
            (7) Environmental protection agency.--As part of the 
        Initiative, the Environmental Protection Agency shall support 
        research on how products, processes, and systems of engineering 
        biology will affect or can protect the environment.
            (8) Department of health and human services.--As part of 
        the Initiative, the Secretary of Health and Human Services, as 
        appropriate and consistent with activities of the Department of 
        Health and Human Services in effect on the day before the date 
        of the enactment of this Act, shall--
                    (A) support research and development to advance the 
                understanding and application of engineering biology 
                for human health;
                    (B) support relevant interdisciplinary research and 
                coordination; and
                    (C) support activities necessary to facilitate 
                oversight of relevant emerging biotechnologies.
    (i) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this section shall be 
construed to require public disclosure of information that is exempt 
from mandatory disclosure under section 552 of title 5, United States 
Code.

SEC. 218. MICROGRAVITY UTILIZATION POLICY.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that space 
technology and the utilization of the microgravity environment for 
science, engineering, and technology development is critical to long-
term competitiveness with near-peer competitors, including China.
    (b) Policy.--To the greatest extent appropriate, the Foundation 
shall facilitate access to the microgravity environment for awardees of 
funding from the Foundation, including in private sector platforms, for 
the development of science, engineering, and technology.
    (c) Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of 
this Act, the Director shall provide to the appropriate committees of 
Congress a report on the Foundation's plan for facilitating awardee 
access to the microgravity environment.

                      TITLE III--RESEARCH SECURITY

SEC. 301. NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION RESEARCH SECURITY.

    (a) Research Security and Policy Office.--The Director shall 
establish and maintain a research security and policy office within the 
Office of the Director. The functions of the research security and 
policy office shall be to coordinate all research security policy 
issues across the Foundation, including by--
            (1) serving as a resource at the Foundation for all policy 
        issues related to the security and integrity of the conduct of 
        research supported by the Foundation;
            (2) conducting outreach and education activities for 
        awardees on research policies and potential security risks;
            (3) educating Foundation program managers and other staff 
        on evaluating Foundation awards and awardees for potential 
        security risks;
            (4) communicating reporting and disclosure requirements to 
        awardees and applicants for funding;
            (5) consulting and coordinating with the Foundation Office 
        of Inspector General and with other Federal science agencies, 
        as appropriate, and through the National Science and Technology 
        Council in accordance with the authority provided under section 
        1746 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 
        2020 (Public Law 116-92; 42 U.S.C. 6601 note), to identify and 
        address potential security risks that threaten research 
        integrity and other risks to the research enterprise and to 
        develop research security policy and best practices;
            (6) performing risk assessments, in consultation, as 
        appropriate, with other Federal agencies, of Foundation 
        proposals and awards using analytical tools to assess 
        nondisclosures of required information that could indicate 
        breaches of research integrity or potentially fraudulent 
        activity that would be referred to the Foundation Office of 
        Inspector General;
            (7) establishing policies and procedures for safeguarding 
        sensitive research information and technology, working in 
        consultation, as appropriate, with other Federal agencies, to 
        ensure compliance with National Security Presidential 
        Memorandum-33 (relating to strengthening protections of United 
        States Government-supported research and development against 
        foreign government interference and exploitation) or a 
        successor policy document; and
            (8) in accordance with relevant policies of the agency, 
        conducting due diligence with regard to applicants for grant 
        funding from the Foundation prior to awarding such funding.
    (b) Chief of Research Security.--The Director shall appoint a 
senior agency official within the Office of the Director as a Chief of 
Research Security, whose primary responsibility is to manage the office 
established in subsection (a).
    (c) Report to Congress.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
enactment of this Act, the Director shall provide a report on the 
resources and the number of full-time employees needed to carry out the 
functions of the office established in subsection (a) to the Committee 
on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate, the Committee 
on Appropriations of the Senate, the Committee on Science, Space, and 
Technology of the House of Representatives, and the Committee on 
Appropriations of the House of Representatives.
    (d) Online Resource.--The Director shall develop an online resource 
hosted on the Foundation's publicly accessible website containing up-
to-date information, tailored for institutions of higher education and 
individual researchers, including--
            (1) an explanation of Foundation research security 
        policies;
            (2) unclassified guidance on potential security risks that 
        threaten research integrity and other risks to the research 
        enterprise;
            (3) examples of beneficial international collaborations and 
        how such collaborations differ from foreign government 
        interference efforts that threaten research integrity;
            (4) best practices for mitigating security risks that 
        threaten research integrity; and
            (5) additional reference materials, including tools that 
        assist organizations seeking Foundation funding and awardees in 
        information disclosure to the Foundation.
    (e) Research Grants.--The Director shall continue to award grants, 
on a competitive basis, to institutions of higher education or 
nonprofit organizations (or consortia of such institutions or 
organizations) to support research on the conduct of research and the 
research environment, including research on research misconduct, 
breaches of research integrity, and detrimental research practices.
    (f) Responsible Conduct in Research Training.--Section 7009 of the 
America Creating Opportunities to Meaningfully Promote Excellence in 
Technology, Education, and Science Act (42 U.S.C. 1862o-1) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``and postdoctoral researchers'' and 
        inserting ``postdoctoral researchers, faculty, and other senior 
        personnel''; and
            (2) by inserting before the period at the end the 
        following: ``, including training and mentorship to raise 
        awareness of potential security threats and of Federal export 
        control, disclosure, and reporting requirements''.
    (g) Funding.--From any amounts appropriated for the Foundation for 
each of fiscal years 2022 through 2026, the Director shall allocate 
$5,000,000 to carry out this section for each such year.

SEC. 302. RESEARCH SECURITY AND INTEGRITY INFORMATION SHARING ANALYSIS 
              ORGANIZATION.

    (a) Establishment.--The Director of the Office of Science and 
Technology Policy shall enter into an agreement with a qualified 
independent organization to establish a research security and integrity 
information sharing analysis organization (referred to in this section 
as the RSI-ISAO), which shall include members described in subsection 
(d) and carry out the duties described in subsection (b).
    (b) Duties.--The RSI-ISAO shall--
            (1) serve as a clearinghouse for information to help enable 
        the members and other entities in the research community to 
        understand the context of their research and identify improper 
        or illegal efforts by foreign entities to obtain research 
        results, know how, materials, and intellectual property;
            (2) develop a set of standard risk assessment frameworks 
        and best practices, relevant to the research community, to 
        assess research security risks in different contexts;
            (3) share information concerning security threats and 
        lessons learned from protection and response efforts through 
        forums and other forms of communication;
            (4) provide timely reports on research security risks to 
        provide situational awareness tailored to the research and 
        education community;
            (5) provide training and support, including through 
        webinars, for relevant faculty and staff employed by 
        institutions of higher education on topics relevant to research 
        security risks and response;
            (6) enable standardized information gathering and data 
        compilation, storage, and analysis for compiled incident 
        reports;
            (7) support analysis of patterns of risk and identification 
        of bad actors and enhance the ability of members to prevent and 
        respond to research security risks; and
            (8) take other appropriate steps to enhance research 
        security.
    (c) Funding.--The Foundation may provide initial funds toward the 
RSI-ISAO, but shall seek to have the fees authorized in subsection 
(d)(2) cover the costs of operations at the earliest practicable time.
    (d) Membership.--
            (1) In general.--The RSI-ISAO shall serve and include 
        members representing institutions of higher education, 
        nonprofit research institutions, and small and medium-sized 
        businesses.
            (2) Fees.--As soon as practicable, members of the RS-ISAO 
        shall be charged an annual rate to enable the RSI-ISAO to cover 
        its costs. Rates shall be set on a sliding scale based on 
        research and development spent to ensure that membership is 
        accessible to a diverse community of stakeholders and ensure 
        broad participation. The RS-ISAO shall develop a plan to 
        sustain the RS-ISAO without Federal funding, as practicable.
    (e) Board of Directors.--The RSI-ISAO may establish a board of 
directors to provide guidance for policies, legal issues, and plans and 
strategies of the entity's operations. The board shall include a 
diverse group of stakeholders representing the research community, 
including academia, industry, and experienced research security 
administrators.
    (f) Definition of Institution of Higher Education .--The term 
``institution of higher education'' has the meaning given the term in 
section 101(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001(a)).

SEC. 303. FOREIGN GOVERNMENT TALENT RECRUITMENT PROGRAM PROHIBITION.

    (a) Guidance.--Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment 
of this Act, the Director of the Office of Science and Technology 
Policy shall, in coordination with the interagency working group 
established under section 1746 of the National Defense Authorization 
Act for Fiscal Year 2020 (Public Law 116-92; 42 U.S.C. 6601 note), 
publish and widely distribute a uniform set of policy guidelines for 
Federal science agencies regarding foreign government talent 
recruitment programs. These policy guidelines shall--
            (1) prohibit all personnel of each Federal science agency, 
        including Federal employees, contract employees, independent 
        contractors, individuals serving under the Intergovernmental 
        Personnel Act of 1970 (42 U.S.C. 4701 et seq.), Visiting 
        Scientist Engineer and Educator appointments, and special 
        government employees, from participating in a foreign 
        government talent recruitment program;
            (2) prohibit awards from being made for any proposal in 
        which the principal investigator, any individual listed on the 
        application for the award with direct involvement in the 
        proposal, or co-principal investigator is participating in a 
        foreign government talent recruitment program of the People's 
        Republic of China, the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, 
        the Russian Federation, or the Islamic Republic of Iran; and
            (3) to the extent practicable, require institutions 
        receiving funding to prohibit awards from being used by any 
        individuals participating in a foreign government talent 
        recruitment program of the People's Republic of China, the 
        Democratic People's Republic of Korea, the Russian Federation, 
        or the Islamic Republic of Iran.
    (b) Prohibition.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment 
of this Act, each Federal science agency shall issue a policy, 
utilizing the policy guidelines developed under subsection (a).
    (c) Exemption.--The policy developed under subsection (b) may 
include an exemption for participation in international conferences or 
other international exchanges, partnerships, or programs, as sanctioned 
or approved by the Federal science agency. When such participation is 
authorized, the Federal science agency shall ensure training is 
provided to the participant on how to respond to overtures from 
individuals associated with foreign government talent recruitment 
programs.
    (d) Report.--Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of 
this Act, each Federal science agency shall report to Congress on the 
steps it has taken to implement this section.
    (e) Foreign Government Talent Recruitment Programs.--In addition to 
existing authorities for preventing waste, fraud, abuse, and 
mismanagement of Federal funds, each Federal science agency shall 
require, as a condition of an award, that the senior personnel 
designated by the United States institution applying for Federal 
funding submit foreign government talent recruitment program contracts 
to the agency if the principal investigator or a co-principal 
investigator discloses membership in a foreign government talent 
recruitment program other than a program of the People's Republic of 
China, the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, the Russian 
Federation, or the Islamic Republic of Iran. The United States 
institution, as the award applicant, shall ensure, to the maximum 
extent practicable, that the contract conforms with the Federal science 
agency's guidance on conflicts of interest, including those contained 
in relevant contract proposal and award policies and procedures. Each 
Federal science agency shall review the contract and may prohibit 
funding to the awardee if the obligations in the contract interfere 
with the capacity for activities receiving support to be carried out, 
or create duplication with Federally supported activities.
    (f) Consistency.--The Director of the Office of Science and 
Technology Policy shall ensure that the policies issued by Federal 
science agencies under subsection (b) are consistent to the greatest 
extent practicable.
    (g) Definition.--For purposes of this section and section 304, the 
term ``foreign government talent recruitment program'' has the meaning 
given the term ``foreign government-sponsored talent recruitment 
program'' in National Security Presidential Memorandum-33 (relating to 
strengthening protections of United States Government-supported 
research and development against foreign government interference and 
exploitation) or a successor policy document.

SEC. 304. ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR DIRECTORATE RESEARCH SECURITY.

    (a) Initiative Required.--The Director shall, in consultation with 
other appropriate Federal agencies, establish an initiative to work 
with institutions of higher education that perform research and 
technology development activities under the Directorate--
            (1) to support protection of intellectual property, 
        consistent with the controls relevant to the grant or award, 
        key personnel, and information about critical technologies 
        relevant to national security;
            (2) to limit undue influence, including through foreign 
        government talent recruitment programs, by countries to exploit 
        United States technology within the Foundation research, 
        science and technology, and innovation enterprise, including 
        research funded by the Directorate; and
            (3) to support efforts toward development of domestic 
        talent in relevant scientific and engineering fields.
    (b) Coordination.--The initiative established under subsection (a) 
shall be developed and executed to the maximum extent practicable with 
academic research institutions and other educational and research 
organizations.
    (c) Requirements.--The initiative established under subsection (a) 
shall include development of the following:
            (1) Training developed and delivered in consultation with 
        institutions of higher education and appropriate Federal 
        agencies, and other support to institutions of higher 
        education, to promote security of controlled information, as 
        appropriate, including best practices for protection of 
        controlled information.
            (2) The capacity of institutions of higher education to 
        assess whether individuals affiliated with Directorate programs 
        have participated in or are currently participating in foreign 
        government talent recruitment program programs.
            (3) Opportunities to collaborate with Directorate awardees 
        to promote protection of controlled information as appropriate 
        and strengthen defense against foreign intelligence services.
            (4) As appropriate, regulations and procedures--
                    (A) for government and academic organizations and 
                personnel to support the goals of the initiative; and
                    (B) that are consistent with policies that protect 
                open and scientific exchange in fundamental research.
            (5) Policies to limit or prohibit funding provided by the 
        Foundation for individual researchers who knowingly violate 
        regulations developed under the initiative, including policies 
        relating to foreign government talent recruitment programs.
            (6) Policies to limit or prohibit funding provided by the 
        Foundation for institutions that knowingly violate regulations 
        developed under the initiative, including policies relating to 
        foreign government talent recruitment programs.
    (d) Department of Defense Efforts.--In carrying out this section, 
the Foundation shall consider the efforts undertaken by the Department 
of Defense to secure defense research, including as provided under 
section 1286 of the John S. McCain National Defense Authorization Act 
for Fiscal Year 2019 (10 U.S.C. 2358 note).
    (e) Annual Report.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after date of 
        enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter, the Director, 
        shall submit to Congress a report on the activities carried out 
        under the initiative established under subsection (a).
            (2) Contents.--The report required by paragraph (1) shall 
        include the following:
                    (A) A description of the activities conducted and 
                the progress made under the initiative.
                    (B) The findings of the Director with respect to 
                the initiative.
                    (C) Such recommendations as the Director may have 
                for legislative or administrative action relating to 
                the matters described in subsection (a).
                    (D) Identification and discussion of the gaps in 
                legal authorities that need to be improved to enhance 
                the security of research institutions of higher 
                education performing Directorate research.
                    (E) Information on Foundation Inspector General 
                cases, as appropriate, relating to undue influence to 
                security threats to academic research activities funded 
                by the Foundation, including theft of property or 
                intellectual property relating to a project funded by 
                the Department at an institution of higher education.
            (3) Form.--The report submitted under paragraph (1) shall 
        be submitted in both unclassified and classified formats, as 
        appropriate.

SEC. 305. PROTECTING RESEARCH FROM CYBER THEFT.

    (a) Improving Cybersecurity of Institutions of Higher Education.--
Section 2(e)(1)(A) of the National Institute of Standards and 
Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 272(e)(1)(A)) is amended--
            (1) in clause (viii), by striking ``and'' after the 
        semicolon;
            (2) by redesignating clause (ix) as clause (x); and
            (3) by inserting after clause (viii) the following:
                            ``(ix) consider institutions of higher 
                        education (as defined in section 101 of the 
                        Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001)); 
                        and''.
    (b) Dissemination of Resources for Research Institutions.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 90 days after the date of 
        enactment of this Act, the Director shall, using the 
        authorities of the Director under subsection (e)(1)(A)(ix) of 
        section 2 of the National Institute of Standards and Technology 
        Act (15 U.S.C. 272), as amended by subsection (a), disseminate 
        and make publicly available resources to help research 
        institutions and institutions of higher education identify, 
        protect the institution involved from, detect, respond to, and 
        recover to manage the cybersecurity risk of the institution 
        involved related to conducting research.
            (2) Requirements.--The Director shall ensure that the 
        resources disseminated pursuant to paragraph (1)--
                    (A) are generally applicable and usable by a wide 
                range of research institutions and institutions of 
                higher education;
                    (B) vary with the nature and size of the 
                implementing research institutions or institutions of 
                higher education, and the nature and sensitivity of the 
                data collected or stored on the information systems or 
                devices of the implementing research institutions or 
                institutions of higher education;
                    (C) include elements that promote awareness of 
                simple, basic controls, a workplace cybersecurity 
                culture, and third-party stakeholder relationships, to 
                assist research institutions or institutions of higher 
                education in mitigating common cybersecurity risks;
                    (D) include case studies of practical application;
                    (E) are technology-neutral and can be implemented 
                using technologies that are commercial and off-the-
                shelf; and
                    (F) to the extent practicable, are based on 
                international standards.
            (3) National cybersecurity awareness and education 
        program.--The Director shall ensure that the resources 
        disseminated under paragraph (1) are consistent with the 
        efforts of the Director under section 303 of the Cybersecurity 
        Enhancement Act of 2014 (15 U.S.C. 7443).
            (4) Updates.--The Director shall review periodically and 
        update the resources under paragraph (1) as the Director 
        determines appropriate.
            (5) Voluntary resources.--The use of the resources 
        disseminated under paragraph (1) shall be considered voluntary.
            (6) Other federal cybersecurity requirements.--Nothing in 
        this section may be construed to supersede, alter, or otherwise 
        affect any cybersecurity requirements applicable to Federal 
        agencies.
    (c) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Director.--The term ``Director'' means the Director of 
        the National Institute of Standards and Technology.
            (2) Resources.--The term ``resources'' means guidelines, 
        tools, best practices, standards, methodologies, and other ways 
        of providing information.
            (3) Research institution.--The term ``research 
        institution''--
                    (A) means a nonprofit institution (as defined in 
                section 4(3) of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology 
                Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3703(3))); and
                    (B) includes Federally funded research and 
                development centers, as identified by the National 
                Science Foundation in accordance with the Federal 
                Acquisition Regulation issued in accordance with 
                section 1303(a)(1) of title 41 (or any successor 
                regulation).

SEC. 306. INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT.

    (a) Findings.--Congress finds the following:
            (1) Widespread use of standards facilitates technology 
        advancement by defining and establishing common foundations for 
        interoperability, product differentiation, technological 
        innovation, and other value-added services.
            (2) Standards also promote an expanded, more interoperable, 
        and efficient marketplace.
            (3) Global cooperation and coordination on standards for 
        emerging technologies will be critical for having a consistent 
        set of approaches to enable market competition, preclude 
        barriers to trade, and allow innovation to flourish.
            (4) The People's Republic of China's Standardization Reform 
        Plan and Five-Year Plan for Standardization highlight its high-
        level goals to establish China as a standards power by 2020, 
        participate in at least half of all standards drafting and 
        revision efforts in recognized international standards setting 
        organizations, and strengthen China's participation in the 
        governance of international standards setting organizations.
            (5) As emerging technologies develop for global deployment, 
        it is critical that the United States and its allies continue 
        to participate in the development of standards that underpin 
        the technologies themselves, and the future international 
        governance of these technologies.
            (6) The United States position on standardization in 
        emerging technologies will be critical to United States 
        economic competitiveness.
            (7) The National Institute of Standards and Technology is 
        in a unique position to strengthen United States leadership in 
        standards development, particularly for emerging technologies, 
        to ensure continuing United States economic competitiveness and 
        national security.
    (b) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) the principles of openness, transparency, due process, 
        and consensus in the development of international standards are 
        critical;
            (2) voluntary consensus standards, developed through an 
        industry-led process, serve as the cornerstone of the United 
        States standardization system and have become the basis of a 
        sound national economy and the key to global market access;
            (3) strengthening the unique United States public-private 
        partnerships approach to standards development is critical to 
        United States economic competitiveness; and
            (4) the United States Government should ensure cooperation 
        and coordination across Federal agencies to partner with and 
        support private sector stakeholders to continue to shape 
        international dialogues in regard to standards development for 
        emerging technologies.
    (c) Activities and Engagement.--The Secretary of Commerce, acting 
through the Director, shall--
            (1) build capacity and training opportunities to help 
        create a pipeline of talent and leadership in key standards 
        development positions;
            (2) partner with private sector entities to support 
        strategic engagement and leadership in the development of 
        international standards for digital economy technologies, 
        including partnering with industry to assist private sector 
        partners to develop standards strategies and support engagement 
        and participation in the relevant standards activities; and
            (3) prioritize efforts on standards development for 
        emerging technologies, identify an organization to develop 
        these standards, identify leadership positions of interest to 
        the United States, and identify key contributors for technical 
        and leadership expertise in these areas.

SEC. 307. RESEARCH FUNDS ACCOUNTING.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Foreign entity of concern.--The term ``foreign entity 
        of concern'' means a foreign entity that is--
                    (A) designated as a foreign terrorist organization 
                by the Secretary of State under section 219(a) of the 
                Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1189(a));
                    (B) included on the list of specially designated 
                nationals and blocked persons maintained by the Office 
                of Foreign Assets Control of the Department of the 
                Treasury (commonly known as the SDN list);
                    (C) owned by, controlled by, or subject to the 
                jurisdiction or direction of a government of a foreign 
                country that is a covered nation (as defined in section 
                2533c(d) of title 10, United States Code);
                    (D) alleged by the Attorney General to have been 
                involved in activities for which a conviction was 
                obtained under--
                            (i) chapter 37 of title 18, United States 
                        Code (commonly known as the Espionage Act);
                            (ii) section 951 or 1030 of title 18, 
                        United States Code;
                            (iii) chapter 90 of title 18, United States 
                        Code (commonly known as the Economic Espionage 
                        Act of 1996);
                            (iv) the Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 
                        2751 et seq.);
                            (v) section 224, 225, 226, 227, or 236 of 
                        the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C. 2274, 
                        2275, 2276, 2277, and 2284);
                            (vi) the Export Control Reform Act of 2018 
                        (50 U.S.C. 4801 et seq.); or
                            (vii) the International Emergency Economic 
                        Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.); or
                    (E) determined by the Secretary of Commerce, in 
                consultation with the Secretary of Defense and the 
                Director of National Intelligence, to be engaged in 
                unauthorized conduct that is detrimental to the 
                national security or foreign policy of the United 
                States.
            (2) Study period.--The term ``study period'' means the 5-
        year period ending on the date of enactment of this Act.
    (b) Study.--The Comptroller General of the United States shall 
conduct a study on Federal funding made available, to foreign entities 
of concern for research, during the study period.
    (c) Matters to Be Included.--The study conducted under subsection 
(b) shall include, to the extent practicable with respect to the study 
period, an assessment of--
            (1) the total amount of Federal funding made available to 
        foreign entities of concern for research;
            (2) the total number and types of foreign entities of 
        concern to whom such funding was made available;
            (3) the requirements relating to the awarding, tracking, 
        and monitoring of such funding;
            (4) any other data available with respect to Federal 
        funding made available to foreign entities of concern for 
        research; and
            (5) such other matters as the Comptroller General 
        determines appropriate.
    (d) Briefing on Available Data.--Not later than 120 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General shall brief 
the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation and the 
Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate and the Committee on 
Science, Space, and Technology and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of 
the House of Representatives on the study conducted under subsection 
(b) and on the data that is available with respect to Federal funding 
made available to foreign entities of concern for research.
    (e) Report.--The Comptroller General shall submit to the 
congressional committees specified in subsection (d), by a date agreed 
upon by the Comptroller General and the committees on the date of the 
briefing, a report on the findings of the study conducted under 
subsection (b).

SEC. 308. PLAN WITH RESPECT TO SENSITIVE OR CONTROLLED INFORMATION AND 
              BACKGROUND SCREENING.

    Not later than 180 days after the enactment of this Act, the 
Director, in consultation with the Director of National Intelligence 
and, as appropriate, other Federal agencies, shall develop a plan to--
            (1) identify research areas that may include sensitive or 
        controlled information, including in the key technology focus 
        areas; and
            (2) provide for background screening, as appropriate, for 
        individuals working in such research areas who are employees of 
        the Foundation or recipients of funding from the Foundation. 

                 TITLE IV--REGIONAL INNOVATION CAPACITY

SEC. 401. REGIONAL TECHNOLOGY HUBS.

    (a) In General.--The Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 
1980 (Public Law 96-480; 15 U.S.C. 3701 et seq.) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating section 28 as section 29; and
            (2) by inserting after section 27 the following:

``SEC. 28. REGIONAL TECHNOLOGY HUB PROGRAM.

    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Appropriate committees of congress.--The term 
        `appropriate committees of Congress' means--
                    ``(A) the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
                Transportation, the Committee on Environment and Public 
                Works, and the Committee on Appropriations of the 
                Senate; and
                    ``(B) the Committee on Science, Space, and 
                Technology, the Committee on Transportation and 
                Infrastructure, and the Committee on Appropriations of 
                the House of Representatives.
            ``(2) Cooperative extension.--The term `cooperative 
        extension' has the meaning given the term `extension' in 
        section 1404 of the Food and Agriculture Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 
        3103).
            ``(3) Key technology focus areas.--The term `key technology 
        focus areas' means the areas included on the most recent list 
        under section 5 of the Endless Frontier Act.
            ``(4) Labor organization.--The term `labor organization' 
        has the meaning given such term in section 101 of the Endless 
        Frontier Act.
            ``(5) Low population state.--The term `low population 
        State' means a State without an urbanized area with a 
        population greater than 200,000 as reported in the 2010 
        decennial census.
            ``(6) Manufacturing extension center.--The term 
        `manufacturing extension center' has the meaning given the term 
        `Center' in section 25(a) of the National Institute of 
        Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k(a)).
            ``(7) Manufacturing usa institute.--The term `Manufacturing 
        USA institute' means an Manufacturing USA institute described 
        in section 34(d) of the National Institute of Standards and 
        Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278s(d)).
            ``(8) Site connectivity infrastructure.--The term `site 
        connectivity infrastructure' means localized driveways and 
        access roads to a facility as well as hookups to the new 
        facility for drinking water, waste water, broadband, and other 
        basic infrastructure services already present in the area.
            ``(9) Small and rural communities.--The term `small and 
        rural community' means a noncore area, a micropolitan area, or 
        a small metropolitan statistical area with a population of not 
        more than 200,000.
            ``(10) Venture development organization.--The term `venture 
        development organization' has the meaning given such term in 
        section 27(a) of the Stevenson-Wydler Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 
        3722(a)).
    ``(b) Regional Technology Hub Program.--
            ``(1) In general.--Subject to the availability of 
        appropriations, the Secretary shall carry out a program--
                    ``(A) to encourage new and constructive 
                collaboration among local, State, and Federal 
                government entities, academia, the private sector, 
                economic development organizations, and labor 
                organizations;
                    ``(B) to support eligible consortia in the creation 
                of regional innovation strategies;
                    ``(C) to designate eligible consortia as regional 
                technology hubs and facilitate activities by consortia 
                designated as regional technology hubs in implementing 
                their regional innovation strategies, in order--
                            ``(i) to enable United States leadership in 
                        technology and innovation sectors critical to 
                        national and economic security;
                            ``(ii) to support regional economic 
                        development, including in small cities and 
                        rural areas, and diffuse innovation around the 
                        United States; and
                            ``(iii) to support domestic job creation 
                        and broad-based economic growth; and
                    ``(D) to ensure that the regional technology hubs 
                address the intersection of emerging technologies and 
                either local and regional challenges or national 
                challenges; and
                    ``(E) to conduct ongoing research, evaluation, 
                analysis, and dissemination of best practices for 
                regional development and competitiveness in technology 
                and innovation.
            ``(2) Awards.--The Secretary shall carry out the program 
        required by paragraph (1) through the award of the following:
                    ``(A) Strategy development grants or cooperative 
                agreements to eligible consortia under subsection (e).
                    ``(B) Strategy implementation grants or cooperative 
                agreements to regional technology hubs under subsection 
                (f).
            ``(3) Administration.--The Secretary shall carry out this 
        section through the Assistant Secretary of Commerce for 
        Economic Development in coordination with the Under Secretary 
        of Commerce for Standards and Technology.
    ``(c) Eligible Consortia.--For purposes of this section, an 
eligible consortium is a consortium that--
            ``(1) includes 1 or more--
                    ``(A) institutions of higher education;
                    ``(B) local or Tribal governments or other 
                political subdivisions of a State;
                    ``(C) State governments represented by an agency 
                designated by the governor of the State or States that 
                is representative of the geographic area served by the 
                consortia;
                    ``(D) economic development organizations or similar 
                entities that are focused primarily on improving 
                science, technology, innovation, or entrepreneurship;
                    ``(E) industry or firms in relevant technology or 
                innovation sectors;
                    ``(F) labor organizations or workforce training 
                organizations, including State and local workforce 
                development boards as established under section 101 and 
                107 of the Workforce Investment and Opportunity Act (29 
                U.S.C. 3111; 3122); and
            ``(2) may include 1 or more--
                    ``(A) nonprofit economic development entities with 
                relevant expertise, including a district organization 
                (as defined in section 300.3 of title 13, Code of 
                Federal Regulations, or successor regulation);
                    ``(B) venture development organizations;
                    ``(C) financial institutions and investment funds;
                    ``(D) primary and secondary educational 
                institutions, including career and technical education 
                schools;
                    ``(E) National Laboratories (as defined in section 
                2 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 15801));
                    ``(F) Federal laboratories;
                    ``(G) Manufacturing extension centers;
                    ``(H) Manufacturing USA institutes;
                    ``(I) institutions receiving an award under section 
                104 of the Endless Frontier Act; and
                    ``(J) a cooperative extension.
    ``(d) Designation of Regional Technology Hubs.--
            ``(1) In general.--In carrying out subsection (b)(1)(C), 
        the Secretary shall use a competitive process to designate 
        eligible consortia as regional technology hubs.
            ``(2) Geographic distribution.--In conducting the 
        competitive process under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall 
        ensure geographic distribution in the designation of regional 
        technology hubs by--
                    ``(A) seeking to designate at least three 
                technology hubs in each region covered by a regional 
                office of the Economic Development Administration;
                    ``(B) focusing on localities that are not leading 
                technology centers;
                    ``(C) ensuring that not fewer than one-third of 
                eligible consortia designated as regional technology 
                hubs significantly benefit a small and rural community, 
                which may include a State described in subparagraph 
                (D);
                    ``(D) ensuring that not fewer than one-third of 
                eligible consortia designated as regional technology 
                hubs include as a member of the eligible consortia at 
                least 1 member that is a State that is eligible to 
                receive funding from the Established Program to 
                Stimulate Competitive Research of the National Science 
                Foundation; and
                    ``(E) ensuring that at least one eligible 
                consortium designated as a regional technology hub is 
                headquartered in a low population State that is 
                eligible to receive funding from the Established 
                Program to Stimulate Competitive Research of the 
                National Science Foundation.
            ``(3) Relation to certain grant awards.--The Secretary 
        shall not require an eligible consortium to receive a grant or 
        cooperative agreement under subsection (e) in order to be 
        designated as a regional technology hub under paragraph (1) of 
        this subsection.
    ``(e) Strategy Development Grants and Cooperative Agreements.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall use a competitive 
        process to award grants or cooperative agreements to eligible 
        consortia for the development of regional innovation 
        strategies.
            ``(2) Number of recipients.--The Secretary shall award a 
        grant or cooperative agreement under paragraph (1) to not fewer 
        than 20 eligible consortia.
            ``(3) Geographic diversity and representation.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall carry out 
                paragraph (1) in a manner that ensures geographic 
                diversity and representation from communities of 
                differing populations.
                    ``(B) Awards to small and rural communities.--In 
                carrying out paragraph (1), the Secretary shall--
                            ``(i) award not fewer than one-third of the 
                        grants and cooperative agreements under such 
                        paragraph to eligible consortia that 
                        significantly benefit a small and rural 
                        community, which may include a State described 
                        in clause (ii); and
                            ``(ii) award not fewer than one-third of 
                        the grants and cooperative agreements under 
                        such paragraph to eligible consortia that 
                        include as a member of the eligible consortia 
                        at least 1 member that is a State that is 
                        eligible to receive funding from the 
                        Established Program to Stimulate Competitive 
                        Research of the National Science Foundation.
            ``(4) Use of funds.--The amount of a grant or cooperative 
        agreement awarded under paragraph (1) shall be as follows:
                    ``(A) To coordinate locally defined planning 
                processes, across jurisdictions and agencies, relating 
                to developing a comprehensive regional technology 
                strategy.
                    ``(B) To identify regional partnerships for 
                developing and implementing a comprehensive regional 
                technology strategy.
                    ``(C) To conduct or update assessments to determine 
                regional needs.
                    ``(D) To develop or update goals and strategies to 
                implement an existing comprehensive regional plan.
                    ``(E) To identify or implement local zoning and 
                other code changes necessary to implement a 
                comprehensive regional technology strategy.
            ``(5) Federal share.--The Federal share of the cost of an 
        effort carried out using a grant or cooperative agreement 
        awarded under this subsection may not exceed 80 percent--
                    ``(A) where in-kind contributions may be used for 
                all or part of the non-Federal share, but Federal 
                funding from other Government sources may not count 
                towards the non-Federal share;
                    ``(B) except in the case of an eligible consortium 
                that represents all or part of a small and rural 
                community, the Federal share may be up to 90 percent of 
                the total cost, subject to subparagraph (A); and
                    ``(C) except in the case of an eligible consortium 
                that is led by a Tribal government, the Federal share 
                may be up to 100 percent of the total cost of the 
                project.
    ``(f) Strategy Implementation Grants and Cooperative Agreements.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall use a competitive 
        process to award grants or cooperative agreements to regional 
        technology hubs for the implementation of regional innovation 
        strategies, including regional strategies for infrastructure 
        and site development, in support of the regional technology 
        hub's plans and programs.
            ``(2) Use of funds.--The amount of a grant or cooperative 
        agreement awarded under subparagraph (A) to a regional 
        technology hub may be used by the regional technology hub to 
        support any of the following activities, consistent with the 
        most current regional innovation strategy of the regional 
        technology hub:
                    ``(A) Workforce development activities.--Workforce 
                development activities, including activities relating 
                to the following:
                            ``(i) The creation of partnerships between 
                        industry, workforce, and academic groups, which 
                        may include community colleges, to create and 
                        align technical training and educational 
                        programs.
                            ``(ii) The design, development, and 
                        updating of educational and training 
                        curriculum.
                            ``(iii) The procurement of facilities and 
                        equipment, as required to train a technical 
                        workforce.
                            ``(iv) The development and execution of 
                        programs to rapidly award certificates or 
                        credentials recognized by regional industry 
                        groups.
                            ``(v) The matching of regional employers 
                        with a potential new entrant, underemployed, or 
                        incumbent workforce.
                            ``(vi) The expansion of successful training 
                        programs at a scale required by the region 
                        served by the regional technology hub, 
                        including through the use of online education.
                    ``(B) Business and entrepreneur development 
                activities.--Business and entrepreneur development 
                activities, including activities relating to the 
                following:
                            ``(i) The development and growth of 
                        regional businesses and the training of 
                        entrepreneurs.
                            ``(ii) The support of technology 
                        commercialization, including funding for 
                        activities relevant to the protection of 
                        intellectual property.
                            ``(iii) The development of networks for 
                        business and entrepreneur mentorship.
                    ``(C) Technology maturation activities.--Technology 
                maturation activities, including activities relating to 
                the following:
                            ``(i) The development and deployment of 
                        technologies in sectors critical to the region 
                        served by the regional technology hub or to 
                        national and economic security, including proof 
                        of concept, prototype development, and testing.
                            ``(ii) The provision of facilities for 
                        technology maturation, including incubators for 
                        collaborative development of technologies by 
                        private sector, academic, and other entities.
                            ``(iii) Activities to ensure access to 
                        capital for new business formation and business 
                        expansion, including by attracting new private, 
                        public, and philanthropic investment and by 
                        establishing regional venture and loan funds.
                            ``(iv) Activities determined appropriate by 
                        the Secretary under section 27(c)(2) of this 
                        Act.
                    ``(D) Infrastructure-related activities.--The 
                building of facilities and site connectivity 
                infrastructure necessary to carry out activities 
                described in subparagraphs (A), (B), and (C), including 
                activities relating to the following:
                            ``(i) Establishing a workforce training 
                        center with required tools and instrumentation.
                            ``(ii) Establishing a facility for 
                        technology development, demonstration, and 
                        testing.
                            ``(iii) Establishing collaborative 
                        incubators to support technology 
                        commercialization and entrepreneur training.
            ``(3) Limitation on amount of awards.--The Secretary shall 
        ensure that no single regional technology hub receives more 
        than 10 percent of the aggregate amount of the grants and 
        cooperative agreements awarded under this subsection.
            ``(4) Term.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The term of a grant or 
                cooperative agreement awarded under this subsection 
                shall be for such period as the Secretary considers 
                appropriate.
                    ``(B) Renewal.--The Secretary may renew a grant or 
                cooperative agreement awarded to a regional technology 
                hub under this subsection as the Secretary considers 
                appropriate if the Secretary determines that the 
                performance of the regional technology hub is 
                satisfactory.
            ``(5) Matching required.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Except in the case of a regional 
                technology hub described in subparagraph (B), the total 
                amount of all grants awarded to a regional technology 
                hub under this subsection in a given year shall not 
                exceed amounts as follows:
                            ``(i) In the first year of the grant or 
                        cooperative agreement, 90 percent of the total 
                        operating costs of the regional technology hub 
                        in that year.
                            ``(ii) In the second year of the grant or 
                        cooperative agreement, 85 percent of the total 
                        operating costs of the regional technology hub 
                        in that year.
                            ``(iii) In the third year of the grant or 
                        cooperative agreement, 80 percent of the total 
                        operating costs of the regional technology hub 
                        in that year.
                            ``(iv) In the fourth year of the grant or 
                        cooperative agreement and each year thereafter, 
                        75 percent of the total operating costs of the 
                        regional technology hub in that year.
                    ``(B) Small and rural communities and indian 
                tribes.--
                            ``(i) In general.--The total Federal 
                        financial assistance awarded in a given year to 
                        a regional technology hub under this subsection 
                        shall not exceed amounts as follows:
                                    ``(I) In the case of a regional 
                                technology hub that represents a small 
                                and rural community, in a fiscal year, 
                                90 percent of the total funding of the 
                                regional technology hub in that fiscal 
                                year.
                                    ``(II) In the case of an regional 
                                technology hub that is led by a Tribal 
                                government, in a fiscal year, 100 
                                percent of the total funding of the 
                                regional technology hub in that fiscal 
                                year.
                            ``(ii) Minimum threshold of rural 
                        representation.--For purposes of clause (i)(I), 
                        the Secretary shall establish a minimum 
                        threshold of rural representation in the 
                        regional technology hub.
                    ``(C) In-kind contributions.--For purposes of this 
                paragraph, in-kind contributions may be used for part 
                of the non-Federal share of the total funding of a 
                regional technology hub in a fiscal year.
            ``(6) Grants for infrastructure.--Any grant or cooperative 
        agreement awarded under this subsection to support the 
        construction of facilities and site connectivity infrastructure 
        shall be awarded pursuant to section 201 of the Public Works 
        and Economic Development Act of 1965 (42 U.S.C. 3141) and 
        subject to the provisions of such Act, except that subsection 
        (b) of such section and sections 204 and 301 of such Act (42 
        U.S.C. 3144, 3161) shall not apply.
            ``(7) Relation to certain grant awards.--The Secretary 
        shall not require a regional technology hub to receive a grant 
        or cooperative agreement under subsection (e) in order to 
        receive a grant or cooperative agreement under this subsection.
    ``(g) Applications.--An eligible consortium seeking designation as 
a regional technology hub under subsection (d) or a grant or 
cooperative agreement under subsection (e) or (f) shall submit to the 
Secretary an application therefor at such time, in such manner, and 
containing such information as the Secretary may specify.
    ``(h) Considerations for Designation and Award of Strategy 
Development Grants and Cooperative Agreements.--In selecting an 
eligible consortium that submitted an application under subsection (g) 
for designation under subsection (d) or for a grant or cooperative 
agreement under subsection (f), the Secretary shall consider, at a 
minimum, the following:
            ``(1) The potential of the eligible consortium to advance 
        the research, development, deployment, and domestic 
        manufacturing of technologies in a key technology focus area or 
        other technology or innovation sector critical to national and 
        economic security.
            ``(2) The likelihood of positive regional economic effect, 
        including increasing the number of high wage domestic jobs, and 
        creating new economic opportunities for economically 
        disadvantaged and underrepresented populations.
            ``(3) How the eligible consortium plans to integrate with 
        and leverage the resources of 1 or more federally funded 
        research and development centers, National Laboratories, 
        Federal laboratories, Manufacturing USA institutes, Hollings 
        Manufacturing Extension Partnership centers, university 
        technology centers established under section 104 of the Endless 
        Frontier Act, the program established under section 107 of the 
        such Act, test beds established and operated under section 108 
        of such Act, or other Federal research entities.
            ``(4) How the eligible consortium will engage with the 
        private sector, including small- and medium-sized businesses to 
        commercialize new technologies and improve the resiliency of 
        domestic supply chains in a key technology focus area or other 
        technology or innovation sector critical to national and 
        economic security.
            ``(5) How the eligible consortium will carry out workforce 
        development and skills acquisition programming, including 
        through partnerships with entities that include State and local 
        workforce development boards, institutions of higher education, 
        including community colleges, historically Black colleges and 
        universities, Tribal colleges and universities, and minority 
        serving institutions, labor organizations, and workforce 
        development programs, and other related activities authorized 
        by the Secretary, to support the development of a key 
        technology focus area or other technology or innovation sector 
        critical to national and economic security.
            ``(6) How the eligible consortium will improve science, 
        technology, engineering, and mathematics education programs in 
        the identified region in elementary and secondary school and 
        higher education institutions located in the identified region 
        to support the development of a key technology focus area or 
        other technology or innovation sector critical to national and 
        economic security.
            ``(7) How the eligible consortium plans to develop 
        partnerships with venture development organizations and sources 
        of private investment in support of private sector activity, 
        including launching new or expanding existing companies, in a 
        key technology focus area or other technology or innovation 
        sector critical to national and economic security.
            ``(8) How the eligible consortium plans to organize the 
        activities of regional partners across sectors in support of a 
        regional technology hub.
            ``(9) How the eligible consortium will ensure that growth 
        in technology and innovation sectors produces broadly shared 
        opportunity across the identified region, including for 
        economic disadvantaged and underrepresented populations and 
        rural areas.
            ``(10) The likelihood efforts served by the consortium will 
        be sustained once Federal support ends.
            ``(11) How the eligible consortium will--
                    ``(A) enhance the economic, environmental, and 
                energy security of the United States by promoting 
                domestic development, manufacture, and deployment of 
                innovative clean technologies and advanced 
                manufacturing practices; and
                    ``(B) support translational research, technology 
                development, manufacturing innovation, and 
                commercialization activities relating to clean 
                technology.
    ``(i) Coordination and Collaboration.--
            ``(1) Coordination with regional innovation program.--The 
        Secretary shall work to ensure the activities under this 
        section do not duplicate activities or efforts under section 
        27, as the Secretary considers appropriate.
            ``(2) Coordination with programs of the national institute 
        of standards and technology.--The Secretary shall coordinate 
        the activities of regional technology hubs designated under 
        this section, the Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership, 
        and the Manufacturing USA Program, as the Secretary considers 
        appropriate, to maintain the effectiveness of a manufacturing 
        extension center or a Manufacturing USA institute.
            ``(3) Coordination with department of energy programs.--The 
        Secretary shall, in collaboration with the Secretary of Energy, 
        coordinate the activities and selection of regional technology 
        hubs designated under this section, as the Secretaries consider 
        appropriate, to maintain the effectiveness of activities at the 
        Department of Energy and the National Laboratories.
            ``(4) Interagency collaboration.--In designating regional 
        technology hubs under subsection (d) and awarding grants or 
        cooperative agreements under subsection (f), the Secretary--
                    ``(A) shall collaborate, to the extent possible, 
                with the interagency working group established under 
                section 4 of the Endless Frontier Act;
                    ``(B) shall collaborate with Federal departments 
                and agencies whose missions contribute to the goals of 
                the regional technology hub;
                    ``(C) shall consult with the Director of the 
                National Science Foundation for the purpose of ensuring 
                that the regional technology hubs are aligned with 
                relevant science, technology, and engineering 
                expertise; and
                    ``(D) may accept funds from other Federal agencies 
                to support grants, cooperative agreements, and 
                activities under this section.
    ``(j) Performance Measurement, Transparency, and Accountability.--
            ``(1) Metrics, standards, and assessment.--For each grant 
        and cooperative agreement awarded under subsection (f) for a 
        regional technology hub, the Secretary shall--
                    ``(A) develop metrics, which may include metrics 
                relating to domestic job creation, patent awards, and 
                business formation and expansion, to assess the 
                effectiveness of the activities funded in making 
                progress toward the purposes set forth under subsection 
                (b)(1);
                    ``(B) establish standards for the performance of 
                the regional technology hub that are based on the 
                metrics developed under subparagraph (A); and
                    ``(C) 4 years after the initial award under 
                subsection (f) and every 2 years thereafter until 
                Federal financial assistance under this section for the 
                regional technology hub is discontinued, conduct an 
                assessment of the regional technology hub to confirm 
                whether the performance of the regional technology hub 
                is meeting the standards for performance established 
                under subparagraph (B) of this paragraph.
            ``(2) Final reports by recipients of strategy 
        implementation grants and cooperative agreements.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall require each 
                eligible consortium that receives a grant or 
                cooperative agreement under subsection (f) for 
                activities of a regional technology hub, as a condition 
                of receipt of such grant or cooperative agreement, to 
                submit to the Secretary, not later than 120 days after 
                the last day of the term of the grant or cooperative 
                agreement, a report on the activities of the regional 
                technology hub supported by the grant or cooperative 
                agreement.
                    ``(B) Contents of report.--Each report submitted by 
                an eligible consortium under subparagraph (A) shall 
                include the following:
                            ``(i) A detailed description of the 
                        activities carried out by the regional 
                        technology hub using the grant or cooperative 
                        agreement described in subparagraph (A), 
                        including the following:
                                    ``(I) A description of each project 
                                the regional technology hub completed 
                                using such grant or cooperative 
                                agreement.
                                    ``(II) An explanation of how each 
                                project described in subclause (I) 
                                achieves a specific goal under this 
                                section in the region of the regional 
                                technology hub with respect to--
                                            ``(aa) the resiliency of a 
                                        supply chain;
                                            ``(bb) research, 
                                        development, and deployment of 
                                        a critical technology;
                                            ``(cc) workforce training 
                                        and development;
                                            ``(dd) domestic job 
                                        creation; or
                                            ``(ee) entrepreneurship.
                            ``(ii) A discussion of any obstacles 
                        encountered by the regional technology hub in 
                        the implementation of the regional technology 
                        hub and how the regional technology hub 
                        overcame those obstacles.
                            ``(iii) An evaluation of the success of the 
                        projects of the regional technology hub using 
                        the performance standards and measures 
                        established under paragraph (1), including an 
                        evaluation of the planning process and how the 
                        project contributes to carrying out the 
                        regional innovation strategy of the regional 
                        technology hub.
                            ``(iv) The effectiveness of the regional 
                        technology hub in ensuring that, in the region 
                        of the regional technology hub, growth in 
                        technology and innovation sectors produces 
                        broadly shared opportunity across the region, 
                        including for economic disadvantaged and 
                        underrepresented populations and rural areas.
                            ``(v) Information regarding such other 
                        matters as the Secretary may require.
            ``(3) Interim reports by recipients of grants and 
        cooperative agreements.--In addition to requiring submittal of 
        final reports under paragraph (2)(A), the Secretary may require 
        a regional technology hub described in such paragraph to submit 
        to the Secretary such interim reports as the Secretary 
        considers appropriate.
            ``(4) Annual reports to congress.--Not less frequently than 
        once each year, the Secretary shall submit to the appropriate 
        committees of Congress an annual report on the results of the 
        assessments conducted by the Secretary under paragraph (1)(C) 
        during the period covered by the report.
    ``(k) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to the Secretary, for the period of fiscal years 2022 
through 2026--
            ``(1) $7,540,000,000 to award grants and cooperative 
        agreements under subsection (f); and
            ``(2) $460,000,000 to award grants and cooperative 
        agreements under subsection (e).''.
    (b) Initial Designations and Awards.--
            (1) Competition required.--Not later than 180 days after 
        the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of 
        Commerce shall commence a competition under subsection (d)(1) 
        of section 28 of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act 
        of 1980 (Public Law 96-480), as added by subsection (a).
            (2) Designation and award.--Not later than 1 year after the 
        date of the enactment of this Act, if the Secretary has 
        received at least 1 application under subsection (g) of such 
        section from an eligible consortium whom the Secretary 
        considers suitable for designation under subsection (d)(1) of 
        such section, the Secretary shall--
                    (A) designate at least 1 regional technology hub 
                under subsection (d)(1) of such section; and
                    (B) award a grant or cooperative agreement under 
                subsection (f)(1) of such section to each regional 
                technology hub designated pursuant to subparagraph (A) 
                of this paragraph.

SEC. 402. MANUFACTURING USA PROGRAM.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Historically black college or university.--The term 
        ``historically Black college or university'' has the meaning 
        given the term ``part B institution'' in section 322 of the 
        Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1061)).
            (2) Manufacturing usa institute.--The term ``Manufacturing 
        USA institute'' means an institute described in section 34(d) 
        of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 
        U.S.C. 278s(d)).
            (3) Manufacturing usa network.--The term ``Manufacturing 
        USA Network'' means the network established under section 34(c) 
        of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 
        U.S.C. 278s(c)).
            (4) Manufacturing usa program.--The term ``Manufacturing 
        USA Program'' means the program established under section 
        34(b)(1) of the National Institute of Standards and Technology 
        Act (15 U.S.C. 278s(b)(1)).
            (5) Minority-serving institution.--The term ``minority-
        serving institution'' means an eligible institution described 
        in section 371(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
        U.S.C. 1067q(a)).
            (6) National program office.--The term ``National Program 
        Office'' means the National Program Office established under 
        section 34(h)(1) of the National Institute of Standards and 
        Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278s(h)(1)).
            (7) Tribal college or university.--The term ``Tribal 
        college or university'' has the meaning given the term in 
        section 316(b)(3) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
        U.S.C. 1059c(b)(3)).
    (b) Authorization of Appropriations to Enhance and Expand 
Manufacturing USA Program and Support Innovation and Growth in Domestic 
Manufacturing.--There is authorized to be appropriated $1,200,000,000 
for the period of fiscal years 2022 through 2026 for the Secretary of 
Commerce, acting through the Director of the National Institute of 
Standards and Technology and in consultation with the Secretary of 
Energy, the Secretary of Defense, and the heads of such other Federal 
agencies as the Secretary of Commerce considers relevant--
            (1) to carry out the Manufacturing USA Program, including 
        by awarding financial assistance under section 34(e) of the 
        National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 
        278s(e)) for Manufacturing USA institutes that were in effect 
        on the day before the date of the enactment of this Act; and
            (2) to expand such program to support innovation and growth 
        in domestic manufacturing.
    (c) Diversity Preferences.--Section 34(e) of the National Institute 
of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278s(e)) is amended by 
adding at the end the following:
            ``(8) Diversity preferences.--In awarding financial 
        assistance under paragraph (1) for planning or establishing a 
        Manufacturing USA institute, an agency head shall prioritize 
        Manufacturing USA institutes that--
                    ``(A) contribute to the geographical diversity of 
                the Manufacturing USA Program;
                    ``(B) are located in an area with a low per capita 
                income; and
                    ``(C) are located in an area with a high proportion 
                of socially disadvantaged residents.''.
    (d) Coordination Between Manufacturing USA Program and Hollings 
Manufacturing Extension Partnership.--The Secretary shall facilitate 
the coordination of the activities of the Manufacturing USA Program and 
the activities of Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership with 
each other to the degree that doing so does not diminish the 
effectiveness of the ongoing activities of a Manufacturing USA 
institute or a Center (as the term is defined in section 25(a) of the 
National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k(a)), 
including Manufacturing USA institutes entering into agreements with a 
Center (as so defined) that the Secretary considers appropriate to 
provide services relating to the mission of the Hollings Manufacturing 
Extension Partnership, including outreach, technical assistance, 
workforce development, and technology transfer and adoption assistance 
to small- and medium-sized manufacturers.
    (e) Advice From the National Manufacturing Advisory Council.--The 
Secretary shall seek advice from the National Manufacturing Advisory 
Council on matters concerning investment in and support of the 
manufacturing workforce within the Manufacturing USA Program, including 
those matters covered under section 404(d)(7).
    (f) Participation of Minority-serving Institutions, Historically 
Black Colleges and Universities, and Tribal Colleges and 
Universities.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary of Commerce, in consultation 
        with the Secretary of Energy, the Secretary of Defense, and the 
        heads of such other Federal agencies as the Secretary of 
        Commerce considers relevant, shall coordinate with existing and 
        new Manufacturing USA institutes to integrate covered entities 
        as active members of the Manufacturing USA institutes, 
        including through the development of preferences in selection 
        criteria for proposals to create new Manufacturing USA 
        institutes or renew existing Manufacturing USA institutes that 
        are led by a covered entity.
            (2) Covered entities.--For purposes of this subsection, a 
        covered entity is--
                    (A) a minority-serving institution;
                    (B) an historically Black college or university;
                    (C) a Tribal college or university; or
                    (D) a minority business enterprise (as defined in 
                section 1400.2 of title 15, Code of Federal 
                Regulations, or successor regulation).
    (g) Department of Commerce Policies to Promote Domestic Production 
of Technologies Developed Under Manufacturing USA Program.--
            (1) Policies.--
                    (A) In general.--Each agency head (as defined in 
                section 34(a) of the National Institute of Standards 
                and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278s(a))) and the 
                Secretary of Defense shall, in consultation with the 
                Secretary of Commerce, establish policies to promote 
                the domestic production of technologies developed by 
                the Manufacturing USA Network.
                    (B) Elements.--The policies developed under 
                subparagraph (A) shall include the following:
                            (i) Measures to partner domestic developers 
                        of goods, services, or technologies by 
                        Manufacturing USA Network activities with 
                        domestic manufacturers and sources of 
                        financing.
                            (ii) Measures to develop and provide 
                        incentives to promote transfer of intellectual 
                        property and goods, services, or technologies 
                        developed by Manufacturing USA Network 
                        activities to domestic manufacturers.
                            (iii) Measures to assist with supplier 
                        scouting and other supply chain development, 
                        including the use of the Hollings Manufacturing 
                        Extension Partnership to carry out such 
                        measures.
                            (iv) A process to review and approve or 
                        deny membership in a Manufacturing USA 
                        institute by foreign-owned companies, 
                        especially from countries of concern, including 
                        the People's Republic of China.
                            (v) Measures to prioritize Federal 
                        procurement of goods, services, or technologies 
                        developed by the Manufacturing USA Network 
                        activities from domestic sources, as 
                        appropriate.
                    (C) Processes for waivers.--The policies 
                established under this paragraph shall include 
                processes to permit waivers, on a case by case basis, 
                for policies that promote domestic production based on 
                cost, availability, severity of technical and mission 
                requirements, emergency requirements, operational 
                needs, other legal or international treaty obligations, 
                or other factors deemed important to the success of the 
                Manufacturing USA Program.
            (2) Prohibition.--
                    (A) Company defined.--In this paragraph, the term 
                ``company'' has the meaning given such term in section 
                847(a) of the National Defense Authorization Act for 
                Fiscal Year 2020 (Public Law 116-92; 10 U.S.C. 2509 
                note).
                    (B) In general.--A company of the People's Republic 
                of China may not participate in the Manufacturing USA 
                Program or the Manufacturing USA Network without a 
                waiver, as described in paragraph (1)(C).
    (h) Coordination of Manufacturing USA Institutes.--
            (1) In general.--Section 34(h) of the National Institute of 
        Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278s(h)) is amended by 
        adding at the end the following:
            ``(7) Council for coordination of institutes.--
                    ``(A) Council.--The National Program Office shall 
                establish or designate a council of heads of any 
                Manufacturing USA institute receiving Federal funding 
                at any given time to foster collaboration between 
                Manufacturing USA institutes.
                    ``(B) Meetings.--The council established or 
                designated under subparagraph (A) shall meet not less 
                frequently than twice each year.
                    ``(C) Duties of the council.--The council 
                established under subparagraph (A) shall assist the 
                National Program Office in carrying out the functions 
                of the National Program Office under paragraph (2).''.
            (2) Report required.--Not later than 180 days after the 
        date on which the council is established under section 
        34(h)(7)(A) of the National Institute of Standards and 
        Technology Act, as added by paragraph (1), the council shall 
        submit to the National Program Office a report containing 
        recommendations for improving inter-network collaboration.
            (3) Submittal to congress.--Not later than 30 days after 
        the date on which the report required by paragraph (2) is 
        submitted to the National Program Office, the Director of the 
        National Institute of Standards and Technology shall submit 
        such report to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
        Transportation of the Senate and the Committee on Science, 
        Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives.
    (i) Requirement for National Program Office to Develop Strategies 
for Retaining Domestic Public Benefit After Cease of Federal Funding.--
Section 34(h)(2)(C) of the National Institute of Standards and 
Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278s(h)(2)(C)) is amended by inserting ``, 
including a strategy for retaining domestic public benefits from 
Manufacturing USA institutes once Federal funding has been 
discontinued'' after ``Program''.
    (j) Modification of Functions of National Program Office to Include 
Development of Industry Credentials.--Section 34(h)(2)(J) of the 
National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 
278s(h)(2)(J)) is amended by inserting ``, including the development of 
industry credentials'' after ``activities''.

SEC. 403. ESTABLISHMENT OF EXPANSION AWARDS PROGRAM IN HOLLINGS 
              MANUFACTURING EXTENSION PARTNERSHIP AND AUTHORIZATION OF 
              APPROPRIATIONS FOR THE PARTNERSHIP.

    (a) Establishment of Expansion Awards Program.--The National 
Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 271 et seq.) is 
amended by inserting after section 25A (15 U.S.C. 278k-1) the 
following:

``SEC. 25B. EXPANSION AWARDS PROGRAM.

    ``(a) Definitions.--The terms used in this section have the 
meanings given the terms in section 25.
    ``(b) Establishment.--The Director shall establish, subject to the 
availability of appropriations, within the Hollings Manufacturing 
Extension Partnership under sections 25 and 26 a program of expansion 
awards among participants described in subsection (c) of this section 
for the purposes described in subsection (d) of this section.
    ``(c) Participants.--Participants receiving awards under this 
section shall be Centers, or a consortium of Centers.
    ``(d) Purpose of Awards.--An award under this section shall be made 
for one or more of the following purposes:
            ``(1) To provide worker education, training, development, 
        and entrepreneurship training and to connect individuals or 
        business with such services offered in their community, which 
        may include employee ownership and workforce training, 
        connecting manufacturers with career and technical education 
        entities, institutions of higher education (including community 
        colleges), workforce development boards, State government 
        programs for advanced manufacturing, entities (such as public-
        private partnerships) or a collection of entities and 
        individuals carrying out an advanced manufacturing forum that 
        would serve educationally underrepresented individuals (such as 
        underrepresented racial and ethnic minorities), labor 
        organizations, and nonprofit job training providers to develop 
        and support training and job placement services, apprenticeship 
        and online learning platforms, for new and incumbent workers, 
        programming to prevent job losses when adopting new 
        technologies and processes, and development of employee 
        ownership practices.
            ``(2) To mitigate vulnerabilities to cyberattacks, 
        including helping to offset the cost of cybersecurity projects 
        for small manufacturers.
            ``(3) To expand advanced technology services to small- and 
        medium-sized manufacturers, which may include--
                    ``(A) developing technology demonstration 
                laboratories;
                    ``(B) services for the adoption of advanced 
                technologies, including smart manufacturing 
                technologies and practices; and
                    ``(C) establishing partnerships, for the 
                development, demonstration, and deployment of advanced 
                technologies, with--
                            ``(i) national laboratories (as defined in 
                        section 2 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 
                        U.S.C. 15801));
                            ``(ii) Federal laboratories;
                            ``(iii) Manufacturing USA institutes (as 
                        described in section 402); and
                            ``(iv) institutions of higher education.
            ``(4) To build capabilities across the Hollings 
        Manufacturing Extension Partnership for domestic supply chain 
        resiliency and optimization, including--
                    ``(A) assessment of domestic manufacturing 
                capabilities, expanded capacity for researching and 
                deploying information on supply chain risk, hidden 
                costs of reliance on offshore suppliers, and other 
                relevant topics; and
                    ``(B) expanded services to provide industry-wide 
                support that assists United States manufacturers with 
                reshoring manufacturing to strengthen the resiliency of 
                domestic supply chains, including in critical 
                technology areas and foundational manufacturing 
                capabilities that are key to domestic manufacturing 
                competitiveness and resiliency, including forming, 
                casting, machining, joining, surface treatment, 
                tooling, and metal or chemical refining.
    ``(e) Reimbursement.--The Director may reimburse Centers for costs 
incurred by the Centers under this section.
    ``(f) Program Contribution.--Recipients of awards under this 
section shall not be required to provide a matching contribution.''.
    (b) Authorization of Appropriations.--
            (1) In general.--There is authorized to be appropriated to 
        carry out the Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership 
        program under sections 25, 25A, and 26 of the National 
        Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k, 
        278k-1, and 278l), and section 25B of such Act, as added by 
        subsection (a), $480,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2022 
        through fiscal year 2026.
            (2) Base funding.--Of the amounts appropriated pursuant to 
        the authorization in paragraph (1), $216,000,000 shall be 
        available in each fiscal year to carry out the Hollings 
        Manufacturing Extension Partnership under sections 25 and 25A 
        of such Act (15 U.S.C. 278k and 278k-1), of which $40,000,000 
        shall not be subject to cost share requirements under 
        subsection (e)(2) of such section: Provided, That the authority 
        made available pursuant to this section shall be elective for 
        any Manufacturing Extension Partnership Center that also 
        receives funding from a State that is conditioned upon the 
        application of a Federal cost sharing requirement.
            (3) Expansion award program.--Of the amounts appropriated 
        pursuant to the authorization in paragraph (1), $264,000,000 
        shall be available each fiscal year to carry out section 25B of 
        such Act, as added by subsection (a).

SEC. 404. NATIONAL MANUFACTURING ADVISORY COUNCIL.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Advisory council.--The term ``Advisory Council'' means 
        the National Manufacturing Advisory Council established under 
        subsection (b)(1).
            (2) Appropriate committees of congress.--The term 
        ``appropriate committees of Congress'' means--
                    (A) the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and 
                Pensions, the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
                Transportation, the Committee on Energy and Natural 
                Resources, the Committee on Armed Services, and the 
                Committee on Appropriations of the Senate; and
                    (B) the Committee on Education and Labor, the 
                Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, the 
                Committee on Energy and Commerce, the Committee on 
                Armed Services, and the Committee on Appropriations of 
                the House of Representatives.
            (3) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary 
        of Commerce.
    (b) Establishment.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary, in consultation with the 
        Secretary of Labor, the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of 
        Energy, and the Secretary of Education, shall establish within 
        the Department of Commerce the National Manufacturing Advisory 
        Council.
            (2) Purpose.--The purpose of the Advisory Council shall be 
        to--
                    (A) provide worker education, training, 
                development, and entrepreneurship training;
                    (B) connect individuals and business with the 
                services described in subparagraph (A) that are offered 
                in the community of the individuals or businesses;
                    (C) coordinate services relating to employee 
                engagement, including employee ownership and workforce 
                training;
                    (D) connect manufacturers with career and technical 
                education entities, institutions of higher education, 
                community colleges, workforce development boards, labor 
                organizations, and nonprofit job training providers to 
                develop and support training and job placement services 
                and apprenticeship and online learning platforms for 
                new and incumbent workers;
                    (E) develop programming to prevent job losses as 
                entities adopt new technologies and processes; and
                    (F) develop best practices for employee ownership.
    (c) Mission.--The mission of the Advisory Council shall be to--
            (1) ensure regular communication between the Federal 
        Government and the manufacturing sector in the United States;
            (2) advise the Federal Government regarding policies and 
        programs of the Federal Government that affect manufacturing in 
        the United States;
            (3) provide a forum for discussing and proposing solutions 
        to problems relating to the manufacturing industry in the 
        United States; and
            (4) ensure that the United States remains the preeminent 
        destination throughout the world for investment in 
        manufacturing.
    (d) Duties.--The duties of the Advisory Council shall include--
            (1) meeting not less frequently than every 180 days to 
        provide independent advice and recommendations to the Secretary 
        regarding issues involving manufacturing in the United States;
            (2) completing specific tasks requested by the Secretary;
            (3) conveying input from key industry, labor, academic, 
        defense, governmental, and other stakeholders to aid in the 
        development of a national strategic plan for manufacturing in 
        the United States;
            (4) monitoring the status of technological developments, 
        critical production capacity, skill availability, investment 
        patterns, emerging defense needs, and other key indicators of 
        manufacturing competitiveness to provide foresight for periodic 
        updates to the national strategic plan for manufacturing 
        developed under paragraph (3);
            (5) soliciting input from the public and private sectors 
        and academia relating to emerging trends in manufacturing, the 
        responsiveness of Federal programming with respect to 
        manufacturing, and suggestions for areas of increased Federal 
        attention with respect to manufacturing;
            (6) monitoring global manufacturing trends and global 
        threats to manufacturing sectors in the United States;
            (7) providing advice and recommendations to the Federal 
        Government on matters relating to investment in and support of 
        the manufacturing workforce relating to--
                    (A) worker participation, including through labor 
                organizations and through other methods determined by 
                the Advisory Council, in the planning for deployment of 
                new technologies across an industry and within 
                workplaces;
                    (B) training and education priorities for the 
                Federal Government and for employers to assist workers 
                in adapting the skills and experiences of those workers 
                to fit the demands of the 21st century economy;
                    (C) innovative suggestions from workers on the 
                development of new technologies and processes and, as 
                appropriate, assessing the impact of those technologies 
                and processes on the workforce and economy of the 
                United States;
                    (D) management practices that lead to worker 
                employment, job quality, worker protection, worker 
                participation and power in decision making, and 
                investment in worker career success;
                    (E) policies and procedures to prioritize diversity 
                and inclusion in the manufacturing and technology 
                workforce by expanding access to job, career 
                advancement, and management opportunities for 
                underrepresented populations; and
                    (F) advice on how to improve access to demand-
                driven education, training, and re-training for 
                workers, including community and technical colleges, 
                higher education, apprenticeships and work-based 
                learning opportunities;
            (8) with respect to the manufacturing.gov website, or any 
        successor thereto, providing input and improvements in order 
        to--
                    (A) make that website more user-friendly to enhance 
                the ability of that website to--
                            (i) provide information to manufacturers; 
                        and
                            (ii) receive feedback from manufacturers;
                    (B) assist that website in becoming the principal 
                place of interaction between manufacturers in the 
                United States and Federal programs relating to 
                manufacturing; and
                    (C) enable that website to provide assistance to 
                manufacturers relating to--
                            (i) international trade and investment 
                        matters;
                            (ii) research and technology development 
                        opportunities;
                            (iii) workforce development and training 
                        programs and opportunities;
                            (iv) small and medium manufacturer needs; 
                        and
                            (v) industrial commons and supply chain 
                        needs.
    (e) Membership.--
            (1) In general.--The Advisory Council shall--
                    (A) consist of individuals appointed by the 
                Secretary with a balance of backgrounds, experiences, 
                and viewpoints; and
                    (B) include an equal proportion of individuals with 
                manufacturing experience who represent private 
                industry, academia, and labor organizations.
            (2) Public participation.--The Secretary shall, to the 
        maximum extent practicable, accept recommendations from the 
        public regarding the appointment of individuals under paragraph 
        (1).
            (3) Period of appointment; vacancies.--
                    (A) In general.--Each member of the Advisory 
                Council shall be appointed by the Secretary for a term 
                of 3 years.
                    (B) Renewal.--The Secretary may renew an 
                appointment made under subparagraph (A) not more than 2 
                additional terms
                    (C) Stagger terms.--The Secretary may stagger the 
                terms of the members of the Advisory Council to ensure 
                that the terms of the members expire during different 
                years.
                    (D) Vacancies.--Any member appointed to fill a 
                vacancy on the Advisory Council occurring before the 
                expiration of the term for which the member's 
                predecessor was appointed shall be appointed only for 
                the remainder of that term. A member may serve after 
                the expiration of that term until a successor has been 
                appointed.
    (f) Transfer of Functions.--
            (1) In general.--All functions of the United States 
        Manufacturing Council of the International Trade Administration 
        of the Department of Commerce, including the personnel, assets, 
        and obligations of the United States Manufacturing Council of 
        the International Trade Administration of the Department of 
        Commerce, as in existence on the day before the date of 
        enactment of this Act, shall be transferred to the Advisory 
        Council.
            (2) Deeming of name.--Any reference in law, regulation, 
        document, paper, or other record of the United States to the 
        United States Manufacturing Council of the International Trade 
        Administration of the Department of Commerce shall be deemed a 
        reference to the Advisory Council.
            (3) Unexpended balances.--Unexpended balances of 
        appropriations, authorization, allocations, or other funds 
        related to the United States Manufacturing Council of the 
        International Trade Administration of the Department of 
        Commerce shall be available for use by the Advisory Council for 
        the purpose for which the appropriations, authorizations, 
        allocations, or other funds were originally made available.
    (g) Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date on which the 
Advisory Council holds the initial meeting of the Advisory Council and 
annually thereafter, the Advisory Council shall submit to the 
appropriate committees of Congress a report containing a detailed 
statement of the advice and recommendations of the Advisory Council 
required under subsection (d)(7).

                         TITLE V--MISCELLANEOUS

SEC. 501. STRATEGY AND REPORT ON ECONOMIC SECURITY, SCIENCE, RESEARCH, 
              AND INNOVATION TO SUPPORT THE NATIONAL SECURITY STRATEGY.

    (a) National Security Strategy Defined.--In this section, the term 
``national security strategy'' means the national security strategy 
required by section 108 of the National Security Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 
3043).
    (b) Strategy and Report.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 90 days after the 
        transmission of each national security strategy under section 
        108(a) of the National Security Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 
        3043(a)), the Director of the Office of Science and Technology 
        Policy shall, in coordination with the National Science and 
        Technology Council, the Director of the National Economic 
        Council, and the heads of such other relevant Federal agencies 
        as the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy 
        considers appropriate and in consultation with such 
        nongovernmental partners as the Director of the Office of 
        Science and Technology Policy considers appropriate--
                    (A) review such strategy, programs, and resources 
                as the Director of the Office of Science and Technology 
                Policy determines pertain to United States national 
                competitiveness in science, research, innovation, and 
                technology transfer, including patenting and licensing, 
                to support the national security strategy;
                    (B) develop or revise a national strategy to 
                improve the national competitiveness of the United 
                States in science, research, and innovation to support 
                the national security strategy; and
                    (C) submit to Congress--
                            (i) a report on the findings of the 
                        Director with respect to the review conducted 
                        under subparagraph (A); and
                            (ii) the strategy developed or revised 
                        under subparagraph (B).
            (2) Termination.--The requirement of paragraph (1) shall 
        terminate on the date that is 5 years after the date of the 
        enactment of this Act.
    (c) Elements.--
            (1) Report.--Each report submitted under subsection 
        (b)(1)(C)(i) shall include the following:
                    (A) An assessment of public and private investment 
                in civilian and military science and technology and its 
                implications for the geostrategic position of the 
                United States.
                    (B) A description of the prioritized economic 
                security interests and objectives, including domestic 
                job creation, of the United States relating to science, 
                research, and innovation and an assessment of how 
                investment in civilian and military science and 
                technology can advance those objectives.
                    (C) An assessment of global trends in science and 
                technology, including potential threats to the 
                leadership of the United States in science and 
                technology.
                    (D) An assessment of the national debt and its 
                implications for the economic and national security of 
                the United States.
                    (E) An assessment of how regional efforts are 
                contributing and could contribute to the innovation 
                capacity of the United States, including programs run 
                by State and local governments.
                    (F) An assessment of--
                            (i) workforce needs for competitiveness in 
                        key technology focus areas; and
                            (ii) any efforts needed--
                                    (I) to expand pathways into key 
                                technology focus areas; and
                                    (II) to improve workforce 
                                development and employment systems, as 
                                well as programs and practices to 
                                upskill incumbent workers.
                    (G) An assessment of barriers to competitiveness 
                and barriers to the development and evolution of start-
                ups, small and mid-sized business entities, and 
                industries.
                    (H) An assessment of the effectiveness of the 
                Federal Government, federally funded research and 
                development centers, and national labs in supporting 
                and promoting technology commercialization and 
                technology transfer, including an assessment of the 
                adequacy of Federal research and development funding in 
                creating new domestic manufacturing growth and job 
                creation across sectors and promoting competitiveness 
                and the development of new technologies.
                    (I) An assessment of manufacturing capacity, 
                logistics, and supply chain dynamics of major export 
                sectors, including access to a skilled workforce, 
                physical infrastructure, and broadband network 
                infrastructure.
                    (J) An assessment of how the Federal Government is 
                increasing the participation of underrepresented 
                populations in science, research, innovation, and 
                manufacturing.
                    (K) An assessment of public-private partnerships in 
                technology commercialization, including--
                            (i) the structure of current technology 
                        research and commercialization arrangements 
                        with regard to public-private partnerships; and
                            (ii) the extent to which intellectual 
                        property developed with Federal funding--
                                    (I) is being used to manufacture in 
                                the United States rather than in other 
                                countries; and
                                    (II) is being used by foreign 
                                business entities that are majority 
                                owned or controlled (as defined in 
                                section 800.208 of title 31, Code of 
                                Federal Regulations, or a successor 
                                regulation), or minority owned greater 
                                than 25 percent by--
                                            (aa) any governmental 
                                        organization of the People's 
                                        Republic of China; or
                                            (bb) any other entity that 
                                        is--

                                                    (AA) known to be 
                                                owned or controlled by 
                                                any governmental 
                                                organization of the 
                                                People's Republic of 
                                                China; or

                                                    (BB) organized 
                                                under, or otherwise 
                                                subject to, the laws of 
                                                the People's Republic 
                                                of China.

            (2) Strategy.--Each strategy submitted under subsection 
        (b)(1)(C)(ii) shall include the following:
                    (A) A plan to utilize available tools to address or 
                minimize the leading threats and challenges and to take 
                advantage of the leading opportunities, particularly in 
                regards to key technology focus areas central to 
                international competition, including the following:
                            (i) Specific objectives, tasks, metrics, 
                        and milestones for each relevant Federal 
                        agency.
                            (ii) Strategic objectives and priorities 
                        necessary to maintain the leadership of the 
                        United States in science and technology, 
                        including near-term, medium-term, and long-term 
                        research priorities.
                            (iii) Specific plans to safeguard research 
                        and technology funded, as appropriate, in whole 
                        or in part, by the Federal Government, 
                        including in the key technology focus areas, 
                        from theft or exfiltration by foreign entities 
                        of concern.
                            (iv) Specific plans to support public and 
                        private sector investment in research, 
                        technology development, education and workforce 
                        development, and domestic manufacturing 
                        supportive of the national economic 
                        competitiveness of the United States and to 
                        foster the use of public-private partnerships.
                            (v) Specific plans to promote 
                        sustainability practices and strategies for 
                        increasing jobs in the United States.
                            (vi) A description of--
                                    (I) how the strategy submitted 
                                under subsection (b)(1)(C)(ii) supports 
                                the national security strategy; and
                                    (II) how the strategy submitted 
                                under such subsection is integrated and 
                                coordinated with the most recent 
                                national defense strategy under section 
                                113(g) of title 10, United States Code.
                            (vii) A plan to encourage the governments 
                        of countries that are allies or partners of the 
                        United States to cooperate with the execution 
                        of the strategy submitted under subsection 
                        (b)(1)(C)(ii), where appropriate.
                            (viii) A plan for how the United States 
                        should develop local and regional capacity for 
                        building innovation ecosystems across the 
                        Nation by providing Federal support.
                            (ix) A plan for strengthening the 
                        industrial base of the United States.
                            (x) A plan to remove or update overly 
                        burdensome or outdated Federal regulations as 
                        appropriate.
                            (xi) A plan--
                                    (I) to further incentivize industry 
                                participation in public-private 
                                partnerships for the purposes of 
                                accelerating technology research and 
                                commercialization, including alternate 
                                ways of accounting for in-kind 
                                contributions and value of partially 
                                manufactured products;
                                    (II) to ensure that intellectual 
                                property developed with Federal funding 
                                is commercialized in the United States; 
                                and
                                    (III) to ensure, to the maximum 
                                appropriate extent, that intellectual 
                                property developed with Federal funding 
                                is not being used by foreign business 
                                entities that are majority owned or 
                                controlled (as defined in section 
                                800.208 of title 31, Code of Federal 
                                Regulations, or a successor 
                                regulation), or minority owned greater 
                                than 25 percent by--
                                            (aa) any governmental 
                                        organization of the People's 
                                        Republic of China; or
                                            (bb) any other entity that 
                                        is--

                                                    (AA) known to be 
                                                owned or controlled by 
                                                any governmental 
                                                organization of the 
                                                People's Republic of 
                                                China; or

                                                    (BB) organized 
                                                under, or otherwise 
                                                subject to, the laws of 
                                                the People's Republic 
                                                of China.

                            (xii) An identification of additional 
                        resources, administrative action, or 
                        legislative action recommended to assist with 
                        the implementation of such strategy.
    (d) Research and Development Funding.--The Director of the Office 
of Science and Technology Policy shall, as the Director considers 
necessary, consult with the Director of the Office of Management and 
Budget and with the heads of such other elements of the Executive 
Office of the President as the Director of the Office of Science and 
Technology Policy considers appropriate to ensure that the 
recommendations and priorities with respect to research and development 
funding as expressed in the most recent report and strategy submitted 
under subsection (b)(1)(C) are incorporated into the development of 
annual budget requests for Federal research agencies.
    (e) Publication.--The Director of the Office of Science and 
Technology Policy shall, consistent with the protection of national 
security and other sensitive matters and otherwise to the maximum 
extent practicable, make each report submitted under subsection 
(b)(1)(C)(i) publicly available on an internet website of the Office of 
Science and Technology Policy. The report may include a classified 
annex if the working group determines appropriate.

SEC. 502. PERSON OR ENTITY OF CONCERN PROHIBITION.

    No person published on the list under section 1237(b) of the Strom 
Thurmond National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1999 
(Public Law 105-261; 50 U.S.C. 1701 note) or entity identified under 
section 1260H of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense 
Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public Law 116-283) may receive 
or participate in any grant, award, program, support, or other activity 
under--
            (1) the Directorate established in section 102;
            (2) the supply chain resiliency program under section 504;
            (3) section 28(b)(1) of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology 
        Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3701 et seq.), as added by 
        section 401(a); or
            (4) the Manufacturing USA Program, as improved and expanded 
        under section 402.

SEC. 503. STUDY ON EMERGING SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY CHALLENGES FACED BY 
              THE UNITED STATES AND RECOMMENDATIONS TO ADDRESS THEM.

    (a) Short Title.--This section may be cited as the ``National 
Strategy to Ensure American Leadership Act of 2021'' or the ``National 
SEAL Act of 2021''.
    (b) Study.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary of Commerce shall seek to 
        enter into an agreement with the National Academies of 
        Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to conduct a study--
                    (A) to identify the 10 most critical emerging 
                science and technology challenges facing the United 
                States; and
                    (B) to develop recommendations for legislative or 
                administrative action to ensure United States 
                leadership in matters relating to such challenges.
            (2) Elements.--The study conducted under paragraph (1) 
        shall include identification, review, and evaluation of the 
        following:
                    (A) Matters pertinent to identification of the 
                challenges described in paragraph (1)(A).
                    (B) Matters relating to the recommendations 
                developed under paragraph (1)(B), including with 
                respect to education and workforce development 
                necessary to address each of the challenges identified 
                under paragraph (1)(A).
                    (C) Matters related to the review of key technology 
                focus areas by the Director of the National Science 
                Foundation under section 5.
                    (D) An assessment of the current relative balance 
                in leadership in addressing the challenges identified 
                in paragraph (1)(A) between the United States, allies 
                or key partners of the United States, and the People's 
                Republic of China.
            (3) Timeframe.--
                    (A) Agreement.--The Secretary of Commerce shall 
                seek to enter into the agreement required by paragraph 
                (1) on or before the date that is 60 days after the 
                date of enactment of this Act.
                    (B) Findings.--Under an agreement entered into 
                under paragraph (1), the National Academies of 
                Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine shall, not later 
                than 1 year after the date on which the Secretary of 
                Commerce and the National Academies enter into such 
                agreement, transmit to the Secretary of Commerce the 
                findings of the National Academies with respect to the 
                study conducted pursuant to such agreement.
    (c) Report.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 30 days after the date on 
        which the Secretary of Commerce receives the findings of the 
        National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine with 
        respect to the study conducted under subsection (b), the 
        Secretary of Commerce shall submit to Congress a ``Strategy to 
        Ensure American Leadership'' report on such study.
            (2) Contents.--The report submitted under paragraph (1) 
        shall include the following:
                    (A) The findings of the National Academies of 
                Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine with respect to the 
                study conducted under subsection (b).
                    (B) The conclusions of the Secretary of Commerce 
                with respect to such findings.
                    (C) The recommendations developed under subsection 
                (b)(1)(B).
                    (D) Such other recommendations for legislative or 
                administrative action as the Secretary of Commerce may 
                have with respect to such findings and conclusions.
            (3) Classified annex.--The report submitted under paragraph 
        (1) shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may include a 
        classified annex if the Secretary of Commerce determines 
        appropriate.
    (d) Information From Federal Agencies.--
            (1) In general.--The National Academies of Sciences, 
        Engineering, and Medicine may secure directly from a Federal 
        department or agency such information as the National Academies 
        of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine consider necessary to 
        carry out the study under subsection (b).
            (2) Furnishing information.--On request of the National 
        Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine for 
        information, the head of the department or agency shall furnish 
        such information to the National Academies of Sciences, 
        Engineering, and Medicine.
    (e) Consultation.--The Secretary of Defense and the Director of 
National Intelligence shall provide support upon request from the 
Secretary of Commerce or the National Academies to carry out this 
section.
    (f) Non-duplication of Effort.--In carrying out subsection (b), the 
Secretary of Commerce shall, to the degree practicable, coordinate with 
the steering committee established under section 236(a) of the William 
M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 
2021 (Public Law 116-283).

SEC. 504. REPORT ON GLOBAL SEMICONDUCTOR SHORTAGE.

    Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the 
Comptroller General of the United States shall submit to Congress a 
report on the global semiconductor supply shortage and the impact of 
that shortage on manufacturing in the United States.

SEC. 505. SUPPLY CHAIN RESILIENCY PROGRAM.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Critical industry.--The term ``critical industry'' 
        means an industry identified under subsection (f)(1)(A)(i).
            (2) Critical infrastructure.--The term ``critical 
        infrastructure'' has the meaning given the term in the Critical 
        Infrastructures Protection Act of 2001 (42 U.S.C. 5195c).
            (3) Labor organization.--The term ``labor organization'' 
        has the meaning given the term in section 101.
            (4) Program.--The term ``program'' means the supply chain 
        resiliency and crisis response program established under 
        subsection (b).
            (5) Resilient supply chain.--The term ``resilient supply 
        chain'' means a supply chain that--
                    (A) ensures that the United States can sustain 
                critical industry production, supply chains, services, 
                and access to critical goods and services during supply 
                chain shocks, including pandemic and biological 
                threats, cyberattacks, extreme weather events, 
                terrorist and geopolitical attacks, great power 
                conflicts, and other threats to the national security 
                of the United States; and
                    (B) has key components of resilience that include--
                            (i) effective private sector risk 
                        management and mitigation planning to sustain 
                        critical supply chains and supplier networks 
                        during a supply chain shock;
                            (ii) minimized or managed exposure to 
                        supply chain shocks; and
                            (iii) the financial and operational 
                        capacity to--
                                    (I) sustain critical industry 
                                supply chains during shocks; and
                                    (II) recover from supply chain 
                                shocks.
            (6) Relevant committees of congress.--The term ``relevant 
        committees of Congress'' means--
                    (A) the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
                Transportation of the Senate;
                    (B) the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate;
                    (C) the Committee on Finance of the Senate;
                    (D) the Committee on Homeland Security and 
                Governmental Affairs of the Senate;
                    (E) the Committee on Armed Services of the Senate;
                    (F) the Select Committee on Intelligence of the 
                Senate;
                    (G) the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology 
                of the House of Representatives;
                    (H) the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the 
                House of Representatives;
                    (I) the Committee on Appropriations of the House of 
                Representatives;
                    (J) the Committee on Ways and Means of the House of 
                Representatives;
                    (K) the Committee on Homeland Security of the House 
                of Representatives;
                    (L) the Committee on Armed Services of the House of 
                Representatives; and
                    (M) the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence 
                of the House of Representatives.
            (7) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary 
        of Commerce.
            (8) Supply chain information.--The term ``supply chain 
        information'' means information that is not customarily in the 
        public domain and relating to--
                    (A) sustaining and adapting supply chains during a 
                supply chain shock, including pandemic and biological 
                threats, cyberattacks, extreme weather events, 
                terrorist and geopolitical attacks, great power 
                conflict, and other threats to national security;
                    (B) the development of supply chain risk mitigation 
                and recovery planning with respect to a supply chain 
                shock, including any planned or past assessment, 
                projection, or estimate of a vulnerability within the 
                supply chain, including testing, supplier network 
                assessments, production flexibility, risk evaluations 
                thereto, risk management planning, or risk audits; or
                    (C) operational best practices, planning, and 
                supplier partnerships that enable enhanced supply chain 
                resilience during a supply chain shock, including 
                response, repair, recovery, reconstruction, insurance, 
                or continuity.
    (b) Establishment.--The Secretary shall establish in the Department 
of Commerce a supply chain resiliency and crisis response program to 
carry out the activities described in subsection (d).
    (c) Mission.--The mission of the program shall be to--
            (1) help to promote the leadership of the United States 
        with respect to critical industries that are essential to the 
        mid-term and long-term national security of the United States; 
        and
            (2) encourage partnerships between the Federal Government 
        and industry, labor organizations, and State, local, 
        territorial, and Tribal governments in order to--
                    (A) promote resilient supply chains; and
                    (B) respond to critical industry supply chain 
                shocks.
    (d) Activities.--Under the program, the Secretary, acting through 1 
or more bureaus or other divisions of the Department of Commerce as 
appropriate, shall carry out activities--
            (1) in coordination with the private sector, to--
                    (A) map and monitor critical industry supply 
                chains; and
                    (B) identify high priority supply chain gaps and 
                vulnerabilities in critical industries that--
                            (i) exist as of the date of enactment of 
                        this Act; or
                            (ii) are anticipated in the future;
            (2) in coordination with the private sector and State, 
        local, territorial, and Tribal governments, and as appropriate, 
        in cooperation with the governments of countries that are 
        allies or key international partners of the United States, to--
                    (A) identify opportunities to reduce supply chain 
                gaps and vulnerabilities in critical industries;
                    (B) encourage partnerships between the Federal 
                Government and industry, labor organizations, and 
                State, local, territorial, and Tribal governments to 
                better respond to supply chain shocks to critical 
                industries and coordinate response efforts;
                    (C) develop or identify opportunities to build the 
                capacity of the United States, or countries that are 
                allies of the United States, in critical industries; 
                and
                    (D) develop contingency plans and coordination 
                mechanisms to improve critical industry supply chain 
                response to supply chain shocks; and
            (3) acting within existing authorities of the Department of 
        Commerce and in coordination with the Secretary of State and 
        the United States Trade Representative, to--
                    (A) work with governments of countries that are 
                allies or partners of the United States to promote 
                diversified and resilient supply chains that ensure the 
                supply of critical goods to both the United States and 
                companies of countries that are allies of the United 
                States; and
                    (B) coordinate with other divisions of the 
                Department of Commerce and other Federal agencies to 
                leverage existing authorities, as of the date of 
                enactment of this Act, to encourage resilient supply 
                chains.
    (e) Coordination Group.--In carrying out the activities under 
subsection (d), the Secretary may--
            (1) establish a unified coordination group, which may 
        include private sector partners, as appropriate, to serve as 
        the primary method for coordinating between and among Federal 
        agencies to plan for supply chain shocks;
            (2) establish subgroups of the unified coordination group 
        established under paragraph (1) led by the head of an 
        appropriate Federal agency;
            (3) through the unified coordination group established 
        under paragraph (1)--
                    (A) acquire on a voluntary basis technical, 
                engineering, and operational supply chain information 
                from the private sector, in a manner that ensures any 
                supply chain information provided by the private sector 
                is kept confidential and as required under section 552 
                of title 5, United States Code (commonly known as the 
                ``Freedom of Information Act)'';
                    (B) study the supply chain information acquired 
                under subparagraph (A) to assess critical industry 
                supply chain resilience and inform planning;
                    (C) convene with relevant private sector entities 
                to share best practices, planning, and capabilities to 
                response to potential supply chain shocks; and
                    (D) develop contingency plans and coordination 
                mechanisms to ensure an effective and coordinated 
                response to potential supply chain shocks; and
            (4) enter into agreements with governments of countries 
        that are allies or partners of the United States relating to 
        enhancing critical industry supply chain security and 
        resilience in response to supply chain shocks.
    (f) Report on Supply Chain Resiliency and Domestic Manufacturing.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
        enactment of this Act, and from time to time thereafter, the 
        Secretary, in coordination with relevant Federal agencies and 
        relevant private sector entities, labor organizations, and 
        State, local, territorial, and Tribal governments, shall submit 
        to the relevant committees of Congress a review that--
                    (A) identifies--
                            (i) industries that are critical for the 
                        national security of the United States, 
                        considering the key technology focus areas 
                        under this Act and critical infrastructure; and
                            (ii) supplies that are critical to the 
                        crisis preparedness of the United States;
                    (B) describes--
                            (i) the manufacturing base and supply 
                        chains for critical industries in the United 
                        States as of the date of enactment of this Act, 
                        including the manufacturing base and supply 
                        chains for--
                                    (I) raw materials;
                                    (II) production equipment; and
                                    (III) other goods, including 
                                semiconductors, that are essential to 
                                the production of technologies and 
                                supplies for critical industries; and
                            (ii) the ability of the United States to--
                                    (I) maintain readiness; and
                                    (II) in response to a supply chain 
                                shock--
                                            (aa) surge production in 
                                        critical industries; and
                                            (bb) maintain access to 
                                        critical goods and services;
                    (C) identifies defense, intelligence, homeland, 
                economic, domestic labor supply, natural, geopolitical, 
                or other contingencies that may disrupt, strain, 
                compromise, or eliminate the supply chain for those 
                critical industries;
                    (D) assesses--
                            (i) the resiliency and capacity of the 
                        manufacturing base, supply chains, and 
                        workforce of the United States, the allies of 
                        the United States, and the partners of the 
                        United States that can sustain critical 
                        industries through a supply chain shock; and
                            (ii) any single points of failure in the 
                        supply chains described in clause (i);
                    (E) assesses the flexible manufacturing capacity 
                and capabilities available in the United States in the 
                case of an emergency;
                    (F) makes specific recommendations to improve the 
                security and resiliency of manufacturing capacity and 
                supply chains for critical industries by--
                            (i) developing long-term strategies;
                            (ii) increasing visibility into the 
                        networks and capabilities of suppliers;
                            (iii) identifying industry best practices;
                            (iv) evaluating how diverse supplier 
                        networks, multi-platform and multi-region 
                        production capabilities and sources, and 
                        integrated global and regional supply chains 
                        can enhance the resilience of--
                                    (I) critical industries in the 
                                United States;
                                    (II) jobs in the United States;
                                    (III) capabilities of the United 
                                States; and
                                    (IV) the support access of the 
                                United States to needed goods and 
                                services during a supply chain shock;
                            (v) identifying and mitigating risks, 
                        including--
                                    (I) the financial and operational 
                                risks of a supply chain after a supply 
                                chain shock;
                                    (II) significant vulnerabilities to 
                                extreme weather events, cyberattacks, 
                                pandemic and biological threats, 
                                terrorist and geopolitical attacks, and 
                                other emergencies; and
                                    (III) exposure to gaps and 
                                vulnerabilities in--
                                            (aa) domestic capacity or 
                                        capabilities; and
                                            (bb) sources of imports 
                                        needed to sustain critical 
                                        industries;
                            (vi) identifying enterprise resource 
                        planning systems that are--
                                    (I) compatible across supply chain 
                                tiers; and
                                    (II) affordable for small and 
                                medium-sized businesses;
                            (vii) understanding the total cost of 
                        ownership, total value contribution, and other 
                        best practices that encourage strategic 
                        partnerships throughout supply chains;
                            (viii) understanding Federal procurement 
                        opportunities to increase resiliency of supply 
                        chains for goods and services and fill gaps in 
                        domestic purchasing;
                            (ix) identifying policies that maximize job 
                        retention and creation in the United States, 
                        including workforce development programs;
                            (x) identifying opportunities to work with 
                        allies or key partners of the United States in 
                        building more resilient critical industry 
                        supply chains and mitigating risks;
                            (xi) identifying areas requiring further 
                        investment in research and development or 
                        workforce education; and
                            (xii) identifying such other services as 
                        the Secretary determines necessary;
                    (G) provides guidance to the Department of 
                Commerce, the National Science Foundation, and other 
                relevant Federal agencies with respect to technologies 
                and supplies that should be prioritized;
                    (H) with respect to countries that are allies or 
                key partners of the United States--
                            (i) reviews and, if appropriate, provides 
                        recommendations for expanding the sourcing of 
                        goods associated with critical industries from 
                        those countries; and
                            (ii) recommends coordination with those 
                        countries on--
                                    (I) sourcing critical raw 
                                materials, inputs, and products; and
                                    (II) sustaining production and 
                                availability of critical supplies 
                                during a supply chain shock;
                    (I) monitors and makes recommendations for 
                strengthening the financial and operational health of 
                small and medium-sized businesses in supply chains of 
                the United States and countries that are allies or 
                partners of the United States to mitigate risks and 
                ensure diverse and competitive supplier markets that 
                are less vulnerable to single points of failure; and
                    (J) assessment of policies, rules, and regulations 
                that impact domestic manufacturing operating costs and 
                inhibit the ability for domestic manufacturing to 
                compete with global competitors.
            (2) Prohibition.--The report submitted under paragraph (1) 
        may not include--
                    (A) supply chain information that is not 
                aggregated; or
                    (B) confidential business information of a private 
                sector entity.
    (g) Semiconductor Incentives.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary shall carry out the program 
        established under section 9902 of the William M. (Mac) 
        Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 
        2021 (Public Law 116-283) as part of the program.
            (2) Technical and conforming amendment.--Section 9902(a)(1) 
        of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense 
        Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public Law 116-283) is 
        amended by striking ``in the Department of Commerce'' and 
        inserting ``as part of the program established under section 
        504 of the Endless Frontier Act''.
    (h) Report to Congress.--Concurrent with the annual submission by 
the President of the budget under section 1105 of title 31, United 
States Code, the Secretary shall submit to the relevant committees of 
Congress a report that contains a summary of every activity carried out 
under this section during the year covered by the report.
    (i) Coordination.--
            (1) In general.--In implementing the program, the Secretary 
        shall, as appropriate coordinate with--
                    (A) the heads of Federal agencies, including--
                            (i) the Secretary of State; and
                            (ii) the United States Trade 
                        Representative; and
                    (B) the Attorney General and the Federal Trade 
                Commission with respect to--
                            (i) advice on the design and activities of 
                        the unified coordination group described in 
                        subsection (e)(1); and
                            (ii) ensuring compliance with Federal 
                        antitrust law.
            (2) Specific coordination.--In implementing the program, 
        with respect to supply chains involving specific sectors, the 
        Secretary shall, as appropriate, coordinate with--
                    (A) the Secretary of Defense;
                    (B) the Secretary of Homeland Security;
                    (C) the Secretary of the Treasury;
                    (D) the Secretary of Energy;
                    (E) the Secretary of Transportation;
                    (F) the Secretary of Agriculture;
                    (G) the Director of National Intelligence; and
                    (H) the heads of other relevant agencies.
    (j) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this section shall be 
construed to require any private entity--
            (1) to share information with the Secretary;
            (2) to request assistance from the Secretary; or
            (3) that requests assistance from the Secretary to 
        implement any measure or recommendation suggested by the 
        Secretary.
    (k) Protections.--
            (1) In general.--
                    (A) Protections.--Subsections (a)(1), (b), (c), and 
                (d) of section 2224 of the Homeland Security Act of 
                2002 (6 U.S.C. 673) shall apply to the voluntary 
                submission of supply chain information by a private 
                entity under this section in the same manner as those 
                provisions apply to critical infrastructure information 
                voluntarily submitted to a covered agency for an other 
                informational purpose under that subsection if the 
                voluntary submission is accompanied by an express 
                statement described in paragraph (2) of this 
                subsection; and
                    (B) References.--For the purpose of this 
                subsection, with respect to section 2224 of the 
                Homeland Security Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 673)----
                            (i) the express statement described in 
                        subsection (a)(1) of that section shall be 
                        deemed to refer to the express statement 
                        described in paragraph (2) of this subsection;
                            (ii) references in the subsections 
                        described in subparagraph (A) to ``this 
                        subtitle'' shall be deemed to refer to this 
                        section;
                            (iii) the reference to ``protecting 
                        critical infrastructure or protected systems'' 
                        in subsection (a)(1)(E)(iii) of that section 
                        shall be deemed to refer to carrying out this 
                        section; and
                            (iv) the reference to ``critical 
                        infrastructure information'' in subsections (b) 
                        and (c) of that section shall be deemed to 
                        refer to supply chain information.
            (2) Express statement.--The express statement described in 
        this paragraph, with respect to information or records, is--
                    (A) in the case of written information or records, 
                a written marking on the information or records 
                substantially similar to the following: ``This 
                information is voluntarily submitted to the Federal 
                Government in expectation of protection from disclosure 
                as provided by the provisions of section 504 of the 
                Endless Frontier Act.''; or
                    (B) in the case of oral information, a written 
                statement similar to the statement described in 
                subparagraph (A) submitted within a reasonable period 
                following the oral communication.
            (3) Inapplicability to semiconductor incentive program.--
        This subsection shall not apply to the voluntary submission of 
        supply chain information by a private entity in an application 
        for Federal financial assistance under section 9902 of the 
        William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act 
        for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public Law 116-283).
    (l) Determination Related to Optical Transmission Equipment.--
            (1) Proceeding.--Not later than 45 days after the date of 
        enactment of this Act , the Secretary of Commerce shall 
        commence a process to make a determination for purposes of sect 
        ion 2 of the Secure and Trusted Communications Networks Act of 
        2019 (47 U.S.C. 1601) whether optical transmission equipment 
        manufactured, produced, or distributed by an entity owned, 
        controlled, or supported by the People's Republic of China 
        poses an unacceptable risk to the national security of the 
        United States or the security and safety of United States 
        persons.
            (2) Communication of determination.--If the Secretary 
        determines pursuant to paragraph (1) that such optical 
        transmission equipment poses an unacceptable risk consistent 
        with that paragraph, the Secretary shall immediately transmit 
        that determination to the Federal Communications Commission 
        consistent with section 2 of the Secure and Trusted 
        Communications Networks Act of 2019 (47 U.S.C. 1601).

SEC. 506. SEMICONDUCTOR INCENTIVES.

    (a) Definitions.--Section 9901 of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry 
National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public Law 
116-283) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating paragraphs (4), (5), (6), (7), (8), 
        and (9) as paragraphs (5), (6), (7), (8), (10), and (11), 
        respectively;
            (2) by inserting after paragraph (3) the following:
            ``(4) The term `critical manufacturing industry'--
                    ``(A) means an industry--
                            ``(i) that is assigned a North American 
                        Industry Classification System code beginning 
                        with 31, 32, or 33; and
                            ``(ii) for which the industry components 
                        that are assigned a North American Industry 
                        Classification System code beginning with the 
                        same 4 digits as the industry--
                                    ``(I) manufacture primary products 
                                and parts, the sum of which account for 
                                not less than 5 percent of the 
                                manufacturing value added by industry 
                                gross domestic product of the United 
                                States; and
                                    ``(II) employ individuals for 
                                primary products and parts 
                                manufacturing activities that, 
                                combined, account for not less than 5 
                                percent of manufacturing employment in 
                                the United States; and
                    ``(B) may include any other manufacturing industry 
                designated by the Secretary based on the relevance of 
                the manufacturing industry to the national and economic 
                security of the United States, including the impacts of 
                job losses.'';
            (3) by inserting after paragraph (8), as so redesignated, 
        the following:
            ``(9) The term `mature technology node' has the meaning 
        given the term by the Secretary.''.
    (b) Semiconductor Program.--Section 9902 of the William M. (Mac) 
Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 
(Public Law 116-283) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)(2)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (B)(ii)--
                            (i) in subclause (III), by striking ``and'' 
                        at the end;
                            (ii) in subclause (IV), by striking the 
                        period at the end and inserting ``and''; and
                            (iii) by adding at the end the following:
                                    ``(V) determined--
                                            ``(aa) the type of 
                                        semiconductor technology the 
                                        covered entity will produce at 
                                        the facility described in 
                                        clause (i); and
                                            ``(bb) the customers to 
                                        which the covered entity plans 
                                        to sell the semiconductor 
                                        technology described in item 
                                        (aa).'';
                    (B) in subparagraph (C)--
                            (i) in clause (i)--
                                    (I) in subclause (II), by striking 
                                ``is in the interest of the United 
                                States'' and inserting ``is in the 
                                economic and national security 
                                interests of the United States''; and
                                    (II) in subclause (III), by 
                                striking ``and'' at the end;
                            (ii) in clause (ii)(IV), by striking 
                        ``and'' at the end;
                            (iii) by redesignating clause (iii) as 
                        clause (iv); and
                            (iv) by inserting after clause (ii) the 
                        following:
                            ``(iii) the Secretary shall consider the 
                        type of semiconductor technology produced by 
                        the covered entity and whether that 
                        semiconductor technology advances the economic 
                        and national security interests of the United 
                        States; and'';
                    (C) by redesignating subparagraph (D) as 
                subparagraph (E); and
                    (D) by inserting after subparagraph (C) the 
                following:
                    ``(D) Priority.--In awarding Federal financial 
                assistance to covered entities under subsection (a), 
                the Secretary shall give priority to ensuring that a 
                covered entity receiving financial assistance will--
                            ``(i) manufacture semiconductors necessary 
                        to address gaps and vulnerabilities in the 
                        domestic supply chain across a diverse range of 
                        technology and process nodes; and
                            ``(ii) provide a secure supply of 
                        semiconductors necessary for the national 
                        security, manufacturing, critical 
                        infrastructure, and technology leadership of 
                        the United States and other essential elements 
                        of the economy of the United States.''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(d) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that, in 
carrying out subsection (a), the Secretary should allocate funds in a 
manner that--
            ``(1) strengthens the security and resilience of the 
        semiconductor supply chain, including by mitigating gaps and 
        vulnerabilities;
            ``(2) provides a supply of secure semiconductors relevant 
        for national security;
            ``(3) strengthens the leadership of the United States in 
        semiconductor technology;
            ``(4) grows the economy of the United States and supports 
        job creation in the United States; and
            ``(5) improves the resiliency of the semiconductor supply 
        chains of critical manufacturing industries.
    ``(e) Additional Assistance for Mature Technology Nodes.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall establish within the 
        program established under subsection (a) an additional program 
        that provides Federal financial assistance to covered entities 
        to incentivize investment in facilities and equipment in the 
        United States for the fabrication, assembly, testing, or 
        advanced packaging of semiconductors at mature technology 
        nodes.
            ``(2) Eligibility and requirements.--In order for an entity 
        to qualify to receive Federal financial assistance under this 
        subsection, the covered entity shall--
                    ``(A) submit an application under subsection 
                (a)(2)(A);
                    ``(B) meet the eligibility requirements under 
                subsection (a)(2)(B);
                    ``(C)(i) provide equipment or materials for the 
                fabrication, assembly, testing, or advanced packaging 
                of semiconductors at mature technology nodes in the 
                United States; or
                    ``(ii) fabricate, assemble using advanced 
                packaging, or test semiconductors at mature technology 
                nodes in the United States;
                    ``(D) commit to using any Federal financial 
                assistance received under this section to increase the 
                production of semiconductors at mature technology 
                nodes; and
                    ``(E) be subject to the considerations described in 
                subsection (a)(2)(C).
            ``(3) Procedures.--In granting Federal financial assistance 
        to covered entities under this subsection, the Secretary may 
        use the procedures established under subsection (a).
            ``(4) Considerations.--In addition to the considerations 
        described in subsection (a)(2)(C), in granting Federal 
        financial assistance under this section, the Secretary may 
        consider whether a covered entity produces or supplies 
        equipment or materials used in the fabrication, assembly, 
        testing, or advanced packaging of semiconductors at mature 
        technology nodes that are necessary to support a critical 
        manufacturing industry.
            ``(5) Priority.--In awarding Federal financial assistance 
        to covered entities under this subsection, the Secretary shall 
        give priority to covered entities that support the resiliency 
        of semiconductor supply chains for critical manufacturing 
        industries in the United States.
            ``(6) Authorization of appropriations.--There are 
        authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out 
        this subsection $2,000,000,000, which shall remain available 
        until expended.
    ``(f) Construction Projects.--Section 602 of the Public Works and 
Economic Development Act of 1965 (42 U.S.C. 3212) shall apply to a 
construction project that receives financial assistance from the 
Secretary under this section.''.
    (c) Advanced Microelectronics Research and Development.--Section 
9906 of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization 
Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public Law 116-283) is amended by adding at 
the end the following:
    ``(h) Infrastructure Grants.--Section 602 of the Public Works and 
Economic Development Act of 1965 (42 U.S.C. 3212) shall apply to a 
construction project that receives financial assistance from the 
Secretary under this section.''.

SEC. 507. RESEARCH INVESTMENT TO SPARK THE ECONOMY ACT.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Award.--The term ``award'' includes a grant, 
        cooperative agreement, or other financial assistance.
            (2) Covid-19 public health emergency.--The term ``COVID-19 
        public health emergency'' means the public health emergency 
        declared by the Secretary of Health and Human Services under 
        section 319 of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 247d) 
        on January 31, 2020, with respect to the Coronavirus Disease 
        2019 (COVID-19).
            (3) Research institution.--The term ``research 
        institution'' means the following:
                    (A) An institution of higher education (as defined 
                in section 101(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 
                (20 U.S.C. 1001(a))).
                    (B) A Tribal College or University (as defined in 
                section 316 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
                U.S.C. 1059c)).
                    (C) A nonprofit entity that conducts Federally 
                funded research.
            (4) Research laboratory.--The term ``Research Laboratory'' 
        means the following:
                    (A) A National Laboratory (as defined in section 2 
                of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 15801)).
                    (B) A Federally Funded Research and Development 
                Center for purposes of section 35.017 of title 48, Code 
                of Federal Regulations, or a successor regulation.
    (b) Award and Modification of Grants, Cooperative Agreements and 
Other Financial Assistance for Institutions of Higher Education, 
Research Laboratories, and Other Research Institutions to Address 
Matters Relating to Disruption Caused by Covid-19.--
            (1) In general.--Each officer specified in paragraph (2) 
        may exercise the authorities described in paragraph (3).
            (2) Officers.--The officers specified in this paragraph are 
        as follows:
                    (A) The Secretary of Commerce, acting through the 
                Administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric 
                Administration and the Director of the National 
                Institute of Standards and Technology.
                    (B) The Secretary of Agriculture.
                    (C) The Secretary of Defense.
                    (D) The Secretary of Education.
                    (E) The Secretary of Energy, acting for the 
                Department of Energy (with respect to Energy Efficiency 
                and Renewable Energy, Nuclear Energy, and Fossil 
                Research and Development) and through the Office of 
                Science, the Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy 
                (ARPA-E), and the Office of Electricity.
                    (F) The Secretary of Interior, acting through the 
                Director of the United States Geological Survey.
                    (G) The Secretary of Health and Human Services, 
                acting through the Director of the National Institutes 
                of Health.
                    (H) The Secretary of Transportation.
                    (I) The Administrator of the National Aeronautics 
                and Space Administration.
                    (J) The Administrator of the Environmental 
                Protection Agency.
                    (K) The Director of the National Science 
                Foundation.
            (3) Authorities.--The officers specified in paragraph (2) 
        may--
                    (A) provide supplemental funding to extend the 
                duration of an award disrupted because of the COVID-19 
                public health emergency to a research institution, 
                Research Laboratory, or individual that was awarded 
                before the date of the enactment of this Act, or to 
                expand the purposes of such an award, in order to--
                            (i) enable a postsecondary student or post-
                        doctoral researcher to complete work;
                            (ii) enable research scientists, technical 
                        staff, research associates, and principal 
                        investigators to complete work;
                            (iii) extend the training of a 
                        postsecondary student, or the employment of a 
                        post-doctoral researcher, on an ongoing 
                        research project for up to 2 years because of 
                        the disruption of the job market;
                            (iv) create research opportunities for up 
                        to 2 years for graduate students and post-
                        doctoral researchers;
                            (v) replace, refurbish, or otherwise make 
                        usable laboratory animals, reagents, equipment, 
                        or other items required for research;
                            (vi) facilitate other research (including 
                        field work), training, and ongoing construction 
                        activities, including at institutions that are 
                        disproportionately affected by the COVID-19 
                        public health emergency (such as minority-
                        serving institutions and 2-year institutions of 
                        higher education);
                            (vii) enable experimental field campaigns 
                        and maintenance of field infrastructure, 
                        including through replacement of disrupted 
                        experimental data to enable completion of 
                        impacted research; and
                            (viii) support training in online course 
                        delivery and virtual research experiences that 
                        will improve quality and access needed to 
                        continue undergraduate, graduate, and post-
                        doctoral training;
                    (B) issue awards to research institutions, Research 
                Laboratories, or other individuals to conduct research 
                on the effects of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 and 
                future potential pandemics, on the effects and 
                effectiveness of responses to such diseases, and on 
                improving the prediction of the possible courses of 
                such pandemics; and
                    (C) provide flexibility on an award for funds made 
                available to an agency, by any prior or subsequent Act, 
                by modifying the terms and conditions of the award with 
                a research institution, Research Laboratory, or 
                individual due to facility closures or other 
                limitations during the COVID-19 public health 
                emergency.
            (4) Modifications.--The modifications authorized by 
        paragraph (3)(C) include, but are not limited to--
                    (A) the provision of supplemental funding to extend 
                the duration of the award concerned; and
                    (B) flexibility on the allowable expenses under 
                such award.
    (c) Procedures.--The officers specified in subsection (b)(2) shall 
each establish procedures to carry out subsection (b).
    (d) Expedited Awards.--Awards under subsection (b) shall be issued 
as expeditiously as possible.

SEC. 508. OFFICE OF MANUFACTURING AND INDUSTRIAL INNOVATION POLICY.

    (a) Findings.--Congress finds the following:
            (1) The general welfare, security, and economic health and 
        stability of the United States require a long-term, 
        substantial, coordinated, and multidisciplinary strategy and 
        implementation of cohesive objectives to remain at the 
        forefront of industrial innovation.
            (2) The large and complex innovative and technological 
        capabilities of global supply chains and manufacturing 
        economies, which influence the course of national and 
        international manufacturing and innovative relevance, require 
        appropriate attention, including long-range inclusive planning 
        and more immediate program development, to encourage and 
        support private manufacturing growth in the United States and 
        participation in the public decision-making process.
            (3) The innovative and manufacturing capabilities of 
        business in the United States, when properly fostered, applied, 
        and supported, can effectively assist in improving the quality 
        of life for people in the United States, in anticipating and 
        addressing emerging international, national, and local 
        problems, and strengthening the international economic 
        engagement and pioneering leadership of the United States.
            (4) Just as Federal funding for science and technology 
        represents an investment in the future, strategically 
        addressing gaps in the innovation pipeline of the United States 
        would--
                    (A) contribute to converting research and 
                development investments into high-value, quality job-
                creating product production and capture domestic and 
                global markets; and
                    (B) strengthen the economic posture of the United 
                States.
            (5) The capabilities of the United States at both the 
        Federal and State levels need enhanced strategic planning and 
        influence over policy formulation for industrial innovation and 
        technology development, as well as a means to ensure an 
        adequate workforce.
    (b) Sense of Congress.--
            (1) Priority goals.--It is the sense of Congress that 
        manufacturing and industrial innovation should include 
        contributing to the following priority goals:
                    (A) Taking concrete national action to rebuild, 
                restore, and expand domestic manufacturing 
                capabilities, skills, and production capacity, 
                including world-class infrastructure.
                    (B) Rebuilding the industrial innovation commons, 
                including common resources, technical knowledge, and 
                entrepreneurial opportunities associated with technical 
                concepts.
                    (C) Supporting domestic supply chains.
                    (D) Expanding production capabilities, cooperation, 
                and knowledge.
                    (E) Revitalizing communities harmed by historical 
                and poorly conceived, implemented, and enforced 
                regulatory and trade policies.
                    (F) Developing a strategy for innovation and 
                establishment of manufacturing industries of the 
                future, including adoption and production of Industry 
                4.0 technology to support domestic economic expansion, 
                particularly manufacturers with fewer than 800 
                employees, and in traditionally underserved 
                communities.
                    (G) Contributing to national health and security 
                and emergency readiness and resilience, including 
                addressing environmental concerns.
                    (H) Strengthening the economy of the United States 
                and promoting full employment in high-quality, high-
                wage jobs through useful industrial and technological 
                innovation.
                    (I) Cultivating, utilizing, and enhancing academic 
                and industrial thought-leadership with practical 
                workforce development and training to the fullest 
                extent possible.
                    (J) Implementing a national strategy that 
                identifies and prioritizes high growth, high value-
                added industries, products, and components of national 
                importance to the long-term economic, environmental, 
                national security, and public health of the United 
                States.
            (2) National policy.--In view of the findings under 
        subsection (a), it is the sense of Congress that the Federal 
        Government and public and private institutions in the United 
        States should pursue a national policy of manufacturing and 
        industrial innovation that includes the following principles:
                    (A) Ensuring global leadership in advanced 
                manufacturing technologies critical to the long-term 
                economic, environmental, and public health of the 
                United States, and to the long-term national security 
                of the United States.
                    (B) Restoring and strengthening the industrial 
                commons of the United States, including--
                            (i) essential engineering and production 
                        skills;
                            (ii) infrastructure for research and 
                        development, standardization, and metrology;
                            (iii) process innovations and manufacturing 
                        know-how;
                            (iv) equipment; and
                            (v) suppliers that provide the foundation 
                        for the innovativeness and competitiveness of 
                        all manufacturers in the United States.
                    (C) Strengthening the technical, financial, and 
                educational commons and assets necessary to ensure that 
                the United States is the best positioned nation for the 
                creation and production of advanced technologies and 
                products emerging from national research and 
                development investments.
                    (D) Capitalizing on the scientific and 
                technological advances produced by researchers and 
                innovators in the United States by developing capable 
                and responsive institutions focused on advancing the 
                technology and manufacturing readiness levels of those 
                advances.
                    (E) Supporting the discovery, invention, start-up, 
                ramp-up, scale-up, and transition of new products and 
                manufacturing technologies to full-scale production in 
                the United States.
                    (F) Addressing the evolving needs of manufacturers 
                for a diverse set of workers with the necessary skills, 
                training, and expertise as manufacturers in the United 
                States increase high-quality, high-wage employment 
                opportunities.
                    (G) Improving and expanding manufacturing 
                engineering and technology offerings within 
                institutions of higher education, including 4-year 
                engineering technology programs at polytechnic 
                institutes and secondary schools, to be more closely 
                aligned with the needs of manufacturers in the United 
                States and the goal of strengthening the long-term 
                competitiveness of such manufacturing.
                    (H) Working collaboratively with Federal agencies, 
                State and local governments, Tribal governments, 
                regional authorities, institutions of higher education, 
                economic development organizations, and labor 
                organizations that primarily represent workers in 
                manufacturing to leverage their knowledge, resources, 
                applied research, experimental development, and 
                programs to foster manufacturing in the United States 
                so as to anticipate and prepare for emergencies and 
                global, national, and regional supply chain 
                disruptions, including disruptions brought on and 
                exacerbated by changing environmental and other 
                circumstances.
                    (I) Recognizing that, as changing circumstances 
                require the periodic revision and adaptation of this 
                section, Congress is responsible for--
                            (i) identifying and interpreting the 
                        changes in those circumstances as they occur; 
                        and
                            (ii) affecting subsequent changes to this 
                        section, as appropriate.
                    (J) Reforming rules, regulations, and policy, which 
                negatively impact domestic manufacturing.
            (3) Procedures.--It is the sense of Congress that, in order 
        to expedite and facilitate the implementation of the national 
        policy described in paragraph (2)--
                    (A) Federal procurement policy should--
                            (i) prioritize and encourage domestic 
                        manufacturing and robust domestic supply 
                        chains;
                            (ii) support means of expanding domestic 
                        manufacturing job creation;
                            (iii) enhance manufacturing workforce 
                        preparedness;
                            (iv) prioritize the development of means to 
                        support diversity and inclusion throughout the 
                        manufacturing and industrial sector;
                            (v) promote the consideration of, and 
                        support to, minority-owned and women-owned 
                        manufacturing contractors of the Federal 
                        Government; and
                            (vi) support the ingenuity and 
                        entrepreneurship of the United States by 
                        providing enhanced attention to manufacturing 
                        startups and small businesses in the United 
                        States;
                    (B) Federal trade and monetary policies should--
                            (i) ensure that global competition in 
                        manufacturing is free, open, and fair;
                            (ii) prioritize policies and investments 
                        that support domestic manufacturing growth and 
                        innovation; and
                            (iii) not be utilized to offshore poor 
                        manufacturing working conditions or destructive 
                        manufacturing environmental practices;
                    (C) Federal policies and practices should 
                reasonably prioritize competitiveness for manufacturing 
                and industrial innovation efforts in the United States, 
                but should not sacrifice the quality of employment 
                opportunities, including the health and safety of 
                workers, pay, and benefits;
                    (D) Federal manufacturing and industrial innovation 
                policies, practices, and priorities should reasonably 
                improve environmental sustainability within the 
                manufacturing industry, while minimizing economic 
                impact;
                    (E) Federal patent policies should be developed, 
                based on uniform principles, which have as their 
                objective to preserve incentives for industrial 
                technological innovation and the application of 
                procedures that will continue to assure the full use of 
                beneficial technology to serve the public;
                    (F) Federal efforts should promote and support a 
                strong system of intellectual property rights to 
                include trade secrets, through both protection of 
                intellectual property rights and enforcement against 
                intellectual property theft, and broad engagement to 
                limit foreign efforts to illegally or inappropriately 
                utilize compromised intellectual property;
                    (G) closer relationships should be encouraged among 
                practitioners of scientific and technological research 
                and development and those who apply those foundations 
                to domestic commercial manufacturing;
                    (H) the full use of the contributions of 
                manufacturing and industrial innovation to support 
                State and local government goals should be encouraged;
                    (I) formal recognition should be accorded to those 
                persons, the manufacturing and industrial innovation 
                achievements of which contributed significantly to the 
                national welfare; and
                    (J) departments, agencies, and instrumentalities of 
                the Federal Government should establish procedures to 
                ensure among them the systematic interchange of data, 
                efforts, and findings developed under their programs.
                    (K) policies, rules, and regulations that 
                negatively impact domestic manufacturing should be 
                reformed.
            (4) Implementation.--To implement the national policy 
        described in paragraph (2), it is the sense of Congress--
                    (A) that--
                            (i) the Federal Government should maintain 
                        integrated policy planning elements in the 
                        executive branch that assist agencies in such 
                        branch in--
                                    (I) identifying problems and 
                                objectives that could be addressed or 
                                enhanced by public policy;
                                    (II) mobilizing industrial and 
                                innovative manufacturing resources for 
                                national security and emergency 
                                response purposes;
                                    (III) securing appropriate funding 
                                for programs so identified by the 
                                President or the Chief Manufacturing 
                                Officer;
                                    (IV) anticipating future concerns 
                                to which industrial and innovative 
                                manufacturing can contribute and devise 
                                industrial strategies for such 
                                purposes;
                                    (V) reviewing systematically the 
                                manufacturing and industrial innovation 
                                policy and programs of the Federal 
                                Government and recommending legislative 
                                amendments to those policies and 
                                programs when needed; and
                                    (VI) reforming policies, rules, and 
                                regulations that harm domestic 
                                manufacturing and inhibit domestic 
                                manufacturing from competing with 
                                global competitors; and
                            (ii) the elements described in clause (i) 
                        should include a data collection, analysis, and 
                        advisory mechanism within the Executive Office 
                        of the President to provide the President with 
                        independent, expert judgment and assessments of 
                        the complex manufacturing and industrial 
                        features involved; and
                    (B) that it is the responsibility of the Federal 
                Government to--
                            (i) promote prompt, effective, reliable, 
                        and systematic dissemination of manufacturing 
                        and industrial information--
                                    (I) by such methods as may be 
                                appropriate; and
                                    (II) through efforts conducted by 
                                nongovernmental organizations, 
                                including industrial groups, technical 
                                societies, and educational entities;
                            (ii) coordinate and develop a manufacturing 
                        industrial strategy and facilitate the close 
                        coupling of this manufacturing strategy with 
                        commercial manufacturing application; and
                            (iii) enhance domestic development and 
                        utilization of such industrial information by 
                        prioritization of efforts with manufacturers, 
                        the production of which takes place in the 
                        United States.
    (c) Establishment.--
            (1) In general.--The President shall appoint, by and with 
        the advice and consent of the Senate, a Chief Manufacturing 
        Officer to serve within the Executive Office of the President.
            (2) Office.--
                    (A) In general.--There is established in the 
                Executive Office of the President an Office of 
                Manufacturing and Industrial Innovation Policy 
                (referred to in this section as the ``Office'').
                    (B) Cmo.--The Chief Manufacturing Officer shall--
                            (i) head the Office; and
                            (ii) serve as a source of manufacturing and 
                        industrial innovation analysis and judgment for 
                        the President and the Director of the National 
                        Economic Council with respect to the major 
                        policies, plans, and programs of the Federal 
                        Government relating to manufacturing and 
                        industrial innovation.
    (d) Chief Manufacturing Officer; Associate Manufacturing 
Officers.--
            (1) Chief manufacturing officer.--
                    (A) Functions.--
                            (i) Primary function.--To the extent 
                        consistent with law, the Chief Manufacturing 
                        Officer shall report to the President, and such 
                        agencies within the Executive Office of the 
                        President and the Director of the National 
                        Economic Council, as may be appropriate, on 
                        issues regarding and impacting manufacturing 
                        and industrial innovation efforts of the 
                        Federal Government, or of the private sector, 
                        that require attention at the highest levels of 
                        the Federal Government.
                            (ii) Other functions.--The Chief 
                        Manufacturing Officer shall--
                                    (I) advise the President on 
                                manufacturing and industrial innovation 
                                considerations relating to areas of 
                                national concern, including--
                                            (aa) the economy of the 
                                        United States;
                                            (bb) national security;
                                            (cc) public health;
                                            (dd) the workforce of the 
                                        United States;
                                            (ee) education;
                                            (ff) foreign relations 
                                        (including trade and supply 
                                        chain issues);
                                            (gg) the environment; and
                                            (hh) technological 
                                        innovation in the United 
                                        States;
                                    (II) convene stakeholders, 
                                including key industry stakeholders, 
                                academic stakeholders, defense 
                                stakeholders, governmental 
                                stakeholders, and stakeholders from 
                                nonprofit organizations and labor 
                                organizations that primarily represent 
                                workers in manufacturing, to develop 
                                the national strategic plan required 
                                under subsection (f);
                                    (III) evaluate the scale, quality, 
                                and effectiveness of the effort of the 
                                Federal Government to support 
                                manufacturing and industrial innovation 
                                by the Federal Government or by the 
                                private sector, and advise on 
                                appropriate actions;
                                    (IV) to the extent consistent with 
                                law, report to the President, the 
                                Director of the National Economic 
                                Council, the Director of the Office of 
                                Management Budget, and such agencies 
                                within the Executive Office of the 
                                President as may be appropriate, advise 
                                the President on the budgets, 
                                regulations, and regulatory reforms of 
                                agencies of the executive branch of the 
                                Federal Government with respect to 
                                issues concerning manufacturing and 
                                industrial innovation;
                                    (V) to the extent consistent with 
                                law, assist the President and the 
                                Director of the National Economic 
                                Council in providing general leadership 
                                and coordination of activities and 
                                policies of the Federal Government 
                                relating to and impacting manufacturing 
                                and industrial innovation; and
                                    (VI) perform such other functions, 
                                duties, and activities as the President 
                                and the Director of the National 
                                Economic Council may assign.
                    (B) Authorities.--In carrying out the duties and 
                functions under this section, the Chief Manufacturing 
                Officer may--
                            (i) appoint such officers and employees as 
                        may be determined necessary to perform the 
                        functions vested in the position and to 
                        prescribe the duties of such officers and 
                        employees;
                            (ii) obtain services as authorized under 
                        section 3109 of title 5, United States Code, at 
                        rates not to exceed the rate prescribed for 
                        grade GS-15 of the General Schedule under 
                        section 5332 of title 5, United States Code; 
                        and
                            (iii) enter into contracts and other 
                        arrangements for studies, analysis, and other 
                        services with public agencies and with private 
                        persons, organizations, or institutions, and 
                        make such payments as determined necessary to 
                        carry out the provisions of this section 
                        without legal consideration, without 
                        performance bonds, and without regard to 
                        section 6101 of title 41, United States Code.
            (2) Associate directors.--
                    (A) In general.--The Chief Manufacturing Officer 
                may appoint not more than 5 Associate Directors, to be 
                known as Associate Manufacturing Officers to carry out 
                such functions as may be prescribed by the Chief 
                Manufacturing Officer.
                    (B) Compensation.--Each Associate Manufacturing 
                Officer shall be compensated at a rate not to exceed 
                that provided for level III of the Executive Schedule 
                under section 5314 title 5, United States Code.
    (e) Policy Planning, Analysis, and Advice.--
            (1) In general.--In carrying out the provisions of this 
        section, the Chief Manufacturing Officer shall--
                    (A) monitor the status of technological 
                developments, critical production capacity, skill 
                availability, investment patterns, emerging defense 
                needs, and other key indicators of manufacturing 
                competitiveness to--
                            (i) provide foresight for periodic updates 
                        to the national strategic plan required under 
                        subsection (f); and
                            (ii) guide investment decisions;
                    (B) convene interagency and public-private working 
                groups to align Federal policies that drive 
                implementation of the national strategic plan required 
                under subsection (f);
                    (C) initiate and support translation research in 
                engineering and manufacturing by entering into 
                contracts or making other arrangements (including 
                grants, awards, cooperative agreements, loans, and 
                other forms of assistance) to study that research and 
                to assess the impact of that research on the economic 
                well-being, climate and environmental impact, public 
                health, and national security of the United States;
                    (D) report to the President and the Director of the 
                National Economic Council on the extent to which the 
                various programs, policies, and activities of the 
                Federal Government are likely to affect the achievement 
                of priority goals of the United States described in 
                subsection (b)(1);
                    (E) annually survey the nature and needs of the 
                policies relating to national manufacturing and 
                industrial innovation and make recommendations to the 
                President and the Director of the National Economic 
                Council, for review and submission to Congress, for the 
                timely and appropriate revision of the manufacturing 
                and industrial innovation policies of the Federal 
                Government, including the reform of policies, rules, 
                and regulations that harm domestic manufacturing and 
                inhibit the ability for domestic manufacturing to 
                compete with global competitors;
                    (F) perform such other duties and functions and 
                make and furnish such studies and reports thereon, and 
                recommendations with respect to matters of policy and 
                legislation as the President and the Director of the 
                National Economic Council may request; and
                    (G) coordinate, as appropriate, Federal permitting 
                with respect to manufacturing and industrial 
                innovation.
            (2) Intergovernmental manufacturing and industrial 
        innovation panel.--
                    (A) Establishment.--The Chief Manufacturing Officer 
                shall establish an Intergovernmental Manufacturing and 
                Industrial Innovation Panel (referred to in this 
                section as the ``Panel'') within the Office, the 
                purpose of which shall be to--
                            (i) identify instances in which the 
                        policies of the Federal Government--
                                    (I) with respect to manufacturing 
                                and industrial innovation can help 
                                address problems at the State and local 
                                levels; and
                                    (II) unnecessarily impede 
                                manufacturing and industrial 
                                innovation;
                            (ii) make recommendations for addressing 
                        the problems described in clause (i); and
                            (iii) advise and assist the Chief 
                        Manufacturing Officer in identifying and 
                        fostering policies to facilitate the 
                        application to and incorporation of federally 
                        funded research and development into 
                        manufacturing and industrial innovation in the 
                        United States, so as to maximize the 
                        application of such research.
                    (B) Composition.--The Panel shall be composed of--
                            (i) the Chief Manufacturing Officer, or a 
                        representative of the Chief Manufacturing 
                        Officer;
                            (ii) not fewer than 10 members representing 
                        the interests of the States, appointed by the 
                        Chief Manufacturing Officer after consultation 
                        with State officials;
                            (iii) the Director of the National 
                        Institute of Standards and Technology;
                            (iv) the Deputy Assistant Secretary of 
                        Defense for Manufacturing and Industrial Base 
                        Policy;
                            (v) the Assistant Secretary of Labor for 
                        Employment and Training;
                            (vi) the Administrator of the Small 
                        Business Administration; and
                            (vii) the Assistant Secretary of Energy for 
                        Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy.
                    (C) Chair.--The Chief Manufacturing Officer, or the 
                representative of the Chief Manufacturing Officer, 
                shall serve as Chair of the Panel.
                    (D) Meetings.--The Panel shall meet at the call of 
                the Chair.
                    (E) Compensation.--
                            (i) In general.--Each member of the Panel 
                        shall be entitled to receive compensation at a 
                        rate not to exceed the daily rate prescribed 
                        for GS-15 of the General Schedule under section 
                        5332 of title 5, United States Code, for each 
                        day (including travel time) during which the 
                        member is engaged in the performance of the 
                        duties of the Panel.
                            (ii) Travel expenses.--Each member of the 
                        Panel who is serving away from the home or 
                        regular place of business of the member in the 
                        performance of the duties of the Panel shall be 
                        allowed travel expenses, including per diem in 
                        lieu of subsistence, in the same manner as the 
                        expenses authorized by section 5703(b) of title 
                        5, United States Code, for persons in 
                        government service employed intermittently.
    (f) National Strategic Plan for Manufacturing and Industrial 
Innovation.--
            (1) Strategic plan.--
                    (A) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the 
                date of enactment of this Act, the Chief Manufacturing 
                Officer, in coordination with the Director of the 
                National Economic Council, shall, to the extent 
                practicable, in accordance with subsection 
                (d)(1)(A)(ii) and in consultation with other agencies 
                and private individuals as the Chief Manufacturing 
                Officer determines necessary, establish a national 
                strategic plan for manufacturing and industrial 
                innovation that identifies--
                            (i) short-term, medium-term, and long-term 
                        needs critical to the economy, national 
                        security, public health, workforce readiness, 
                        environmental concerns, and priorities of the 
                        United States manufacturing sector, including 
                        emergency readiness and resilience; and
                            (ii) situations and conditions that warrant 
                        special attention by the Federal Government 
                        relating to--
                                    (I) any problems, constraints, or 
                                opportunities of manufacturing and 
                                industrial innovation that--
                                            (aa) are of national 
                                        significance;
                                            (bb) will occur or may 
                                        emerge during the 4-year period 
                                        beginning on the date on which 
                                        the national strategic plan is 
                                        established; and
                                            (cc) are identified through 
                                        basic research;
                                    (II) an evaluation of activities 
                                and accomplishments of all agencies in 
                                the executive branch of the Federal 
                                Government that are related to carrying 
                                out such plan;
                                    (III) opportunities for, and 
                                constraints on, manufacturing and 
                                industrial innovation that can make a 
                                significant contribution to--
                                            (aa) the resolution of 
                                        problems identified under this 
                                        paragraph; or
                                            (bb) the achievement of 
                                        Federal program objectives or 
                                        priority goals, including those 
                                        described in subsection (b)(1); 
                                        and
                                    (IV) recommendations for proposals 
                                to carry out such plan.
                    (B) Revisions.--Not later than 4 years after the 
                date on which the national strategic plan is 
                established under subparagraph (A), and every 4 years 
                thereafter, the Chief Manufacturing Officer, in 
                coordination with the Director of the National Economic 
                Council, shall revise that plan so that the plan takes 
                account of near- and long-term problems, constraints, 
                and opportunities and changing national goals and 
                circumstances.
            (2) Consultation with other agencies.--The Chief 
        Manufacturing Officer shall consult, as necessary, with 
        officials of agencies in the executive branch of the Federal 
        Government that administer programs or have responsibilities 
        relating to the problems, constraints, and opportunities 
        identified in the national strategic plan under paragraph (1) 
        in order to--
                    (A) identify and evaluate actions that might be 
                taken by the Federal Government, State, and local 
                governments, or the private sector to deal with such 
                problems, constraints, or opportunities; and
                    (B) ensure to the extent possible that actions 
                identified under subparagraph (A) are considered by 
                each agency of the executive branch of the Federal 
                Government in formulating proposals of each such 
                agency.
            (3) Consultation with manufacturing stakeholders.--The 
        Chief Manufacturing Officer shall consult broadly with 
        representatives from stakeholder constituencies, including from 
        technology fields, engineering fields, manufacturing fields, 
        academic fields, worker training or credentialing programs, 
        industrial sectors, business sectors, consumer sectors, defense 
        sector, public interest sectors, and labor organizations which 
        primarily represent workers in manufacturing to ensure 
        information and perspectives from such consultations are 
        incorporated within the problems, constraints, opportunities, 
        and actions identified in the national strategic plan under 
        paragraph (1).
            (4) Consultation with omb.--The Chief Manufacturing Officer 
        shall consult as necessary with officials of the Office of 
        Management and Budget and other appropriate elements of the 
        Executive Office of the President to ensure that the problems, 
        constraints, opportunities, and actions identified under 
        paragraph (1) are fully considered in the development of 
        legislative proposals and the President's budget.
    (g) Additional Functions of the Chief Manufacturing Officer; 
Administrative Provisions.--
            (1) In general.--The Chief Manufacturing Officer, in 
        addition to the other duties and functions under this section, 
        shall serve--
                    (A) on the Federal Strategy and Coordinating 
                Council on Manufacturing and Industrial Innovation 
                established under subsection (j); and
                    (B) as a member of the Domestic Policy Council, the 
                National Economic Council, and the Office of Science 
                and Technology Policy Council.
            (2) Advice to national security council.--For the purpose 
        of ensuring the optimal contribution of manufacturing and 
        industrial innovation to the national security of the United 
        States, the Chief Manufacturing Officer, at the request of the 
        President, shall advise the National Security Council in such 
        matters concerning manufacturing and industrial innovation as 
        may be related to national security.
            (3) Coordination with other organizations.--
                    (A) In general.--In exercising the functions under 
                this section, the Chief Manufacturing Officer--
                            (i) shall--
                                    (I) work in close consultation and 
                                cooperation with the Director of the 
                                Domestic Policy Council, the National 
                                Security Advisor, the Assistant to the 
                                President for Economic Policy and 
                                Director of the National Economic 
                                Council, the Director of the Office of 
                                Science and Technology Policy, the 
                                Director of the Office of Management 
                                and Budget, and the heads of other 
                                agencies in the executive branch of the 
                                Federal Government;
                                    (II) utilize the services of 
                                consultants, establish such advisory 
                                panels, and, to the extent practicable, 
                                consult with--
                                            (aa) State and local 
                                        government agencies;
                                            (bb) appropriate 
                                        professional groups;
                                            (cc) representatives of 
                                        industry, universities, 
                                        consumers, labor organizations 
                                        that primarily represent 
                                        workers in manufacturing; and
                                            (dd) such other public 
                                        interest groups, organizations, 
                                        and individuals as may be 
                                        necessary;
                                    (III) hold such hearings in various 
                                parts of the United States as necessary 
                                to determine the views of the agencies, 
                                groups, and organizations described in 
                                subparagraph (B), and of the general 
                                public, concerning national needs and 
                                trends in manufacturing and industrial 
                                innovation; and
                                    (IV) utilize, with the heads of 
                                public and private agencies and 
                                organizes, to the fullest extent 
                                possible the services, personnel, 
                                equipment, facilities, and information 
                                (including statistical information) of 
                                public and private agencies and 
                                organizations, and individuals, in 
                                order to avoid the duplication of 
                                efforts and expenses; and
                            (ii) may transfer funds made available 
                        pursuant to this section to other agencies in 
                        the executive branch of the Federal Government 
                        as reimbursement for the utilization of such 
                        personnel, services, facilities, equipment, and 
                        information.
                    (B) Furnishment of information.--Each department, 
                agency, and instrumentality of the executive branch of 
                the Federal Government, including any independent 
                agency, shall furnish the Chief Manufacturing Officer 
                such information as necessary to carry out this 
                section.
    (h) Manufacturing and Industrial Innovation Report.--
            (1) Report.--Not later than 3 years after the date of 
        enactment of this Act, and every 4 years thereafter, the Chief 
        Manufacturing Officer, in consultation with the Director of the 
        National Economic Council, shall submit to Congress a 
        Manufacturing and Industrial Innovation Report (referred to in 
        this section as the ``report'') with appropriate assistance 
        from agencies in the executive branch of the Federal Government 
        and such consultants and contractors as the Chief Manufacturing 
        Officer determines necessary.
            (2) Contents of report.--Each report required under 
        paragraph (1) shall draw upon the most recent national 
        strategic plan established under subsection (f) and shall 
        include, to the extent practicable and within the limitations 
        of available knowledge and resources--
                    (A) a review of developments of national 
                significance in manufacturing and industrial 
                innovation;
                    (B) the significant effects of trends at the time 
                of the submission of the report and projected trends in 
                manufacturing and industrial innovation on the economy, 
                workforce, and environmental, health and national 
                security, and other requirements of the United States;
                    (C) a review and appraisal of selected 
                manufacturing and industrial innovation related 
                programs, policies, and activities of the Federal 
                Government, including procurement;
                    (D) an inventory and forecast of critical and 
                emerging national problems, the resolution of which 
                might be substantially assisted by manufacturing and 
                industrial innovation in the United States;
                    (E) the identification and assessment of 
                manufacturing and industrial innovation measures that 
                can contribute to the resolution of the problems 
                described in subparagraph (D) in light of the related 
                economic, workforce, environmental, public health, and 
                national security considerations;
                    (F) at the time of the submission of the report, 
                and as projected, the manufacturing and industrial 
                resources, including specialized manpower, that could 
                contribute to the resolution of the problems described 
                in subparagraph (D); and
                    (G) recommendations for legislation and regulatory 
                changes on manufacturing and industrial innovation-
                related programs and policies that will contribute to 
                the resolution of the problems described in 
                subparagraph (D).
            (3) Preparation of report.--In preparing each report 
        required under paragraph (1), the Chief Manufacturing Officer 
        shall make maximum use of relevant data available from agencies 
        in the executive branch of the Federal Government.
            (4) Public availability of report.--The Chief Manufacturing 
        Officer shall ensure that the report is made available to the 
        public.
    (i) Comptroller General Report.--Not later than 3 years after the 
date of enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of the United 
States shall submit to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
Transportation of the Senate, the Committee on Appropriations of the 
Senate, the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of 
Representatives, the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of 
Representatives, and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of 
Representatives, and make available to the public, a report--
            (1) containing an assessment of the efforts of the Office 
        to implement or advance the priority goals described in 
        subsection (b)(1); and
            (2) providing recommendations on how to improve the efforts 
        described in paragraph (1).
    (j) Federal Strategy and Coordinating Council on Manufacturing and 
Industrial Innovation.--There is established in the executive branch of 
the Federal Government the Federal Strategy and Coordinating Council on 
Manufacturing and Industrial Innovation (referred to in this section as 
the ``Council'').
            (1) Membership.--
                    (A) In general.--The Council shall be composed of 
                the following:
                            (i) The President, who shall serve as Chair 
                        of the Council.
                            (ii) The Vice President.
                            (iii) The Secretary of Commerce.
                            (iv) The Secretary of Defense.
                            (v) The Secretary of Education.
                            (vi) The Secretary of Energy.
                            (vii) The Secretary of Health and Human 
                        Services.
                            (viii) The Secretary of Housing and Urban 
                        Development.
                            (ix) The Secretary of Labor.
                            (x) The Secretary of State.
                            (xi) The Secretary of Transportation.
                            (xii) The Secretary of the Treasury.
                            (xiii) The Secretary of Veterans Affairs.
                            (xiv) The Administrator of the 
                        Environmental Protection Agency.
                            (xv) The Administrator of the National 
                        Aeronautics and Space Administration.
                            (xvi) The Administrator of the Small 
                        Business Administration.
                            (xvii) The Director of the National Science 
                        Foundation.
                            (xviii) The Director of the Office of 
                        Management and Budget.
                            (xix) The Assistant to the President for 
                        Science and Technology.
                            (xx) The United States Trade 
                        Representative.
                            (xxi) The National Security Advisor.
                            (xxii) The Assistant to the President for 
                        Economic Policy.
                            (xxiii) The Director of the Domestic Policy 
                        Council.
                            (xxiv) The Chair of the Council of Economic 
                        Advisers.
                            (xxv) The Chief Manufacturing Officer.
                    (B) Additional participants.--The President may, 
                from time to time and as necessary, appoint officials 
                in the executive branch of the Federal Government to 
                serve as members of the Council.
            (2) Meetings of the council.--
                    (A) In general.--The President or the Chief 
                Manufacturing Officer may convene meetings of the 
                Council.
                    (B) Presiding officer.--
                            (i) In general.--Subject to clause (ii), 
                        the President shall preside over the meetings 
                        of the Council.
                            (ii) Exception.--If the President is not 
                        present at a meeting of the Council, the Vice 
                        President (and if the Vice President is not 
                        present at a meeting of the Council, the Chief 
                        Manufacturing Officer) shall preside and be 
                        considered the chair of the Council.
    (k) Council on Manufacturing and Industrial Innovation Functions.--
            (1) In general.--The Council shall--
                    (A) consider problems and developments, including 
                concerns relating to the workforce of the United 
                States, in manufacturing and industrial innovation and 
                related activities of more than 1 agency in the 
                executive branch of the Federal Government;
                    (B) coordinate the manufacturing and industrial 
                innovation policy-making process;
                    (C) harmonize the Federal permitting process 
                relating to manufacturing and industrial innovation, as 
                appropriate;
                    (D) ensure manufacturing and industrial innovation 
                policy decisions and programs are consistent with the 
                priority goals described in subsection (b)(1);
                    (E) help implement the priority goals described in 
                subsection (b)(1) across the Federal Government;
                    (F) ensure manufacturing and industrial innovation 
                are considered in the development and implementation of 
                Federal policies and programs;
                    (G) achieve more effective use of foundational 
                aspects of manufacturing and industrial innovation, 
                particularly scientific, engineering, and technological 
                resources and facilities of agencies in the executive 
                branch of the Federal Government, including the 
                elimination of efforts that have been unwarrantedly 
                duplicated;
                    (H) identify--
                            (i) threats to, and vulnerabilities of, 
                        supply chains;
                            (ii) workforce skills;
                            (iii) aspects of supply chains and 
                        workforce skills requiring additional emphasis; 
                        and
                            (iv) for reform policies, rules, and 
                        regulations that harm domestic manufacturing 
                        and inhibit the ability for domestic 
                        manufacturing to compete with global 
                        competitors; and
                    (I) further international cooperation on 
                manufacturing and industrial innovation policies that 
                enhance the policies of the United States and 
                internationally agreed upon policies.
            (2) Chief manufacturing officer.--The Chief Manufacturing 
        Officer may take such actions as may be necessary or 
        appropriate to implement the functions described in paragraph 
        (1).
    (l) Coordination.--The head of each agency in the executive branch 
of the Federal Government, without regard to whether the head of the 
agency is a member of the Council, shall coordinate manufacturing and 
industrial innovation policy with the Council.
    (m) Administration.--
            (1) Coordination with national science and technology 
        council.--In carrying out the duties of the Council, the 
        Council shall consult with the National Science and Technology 
        Council, as necessary.
            (2) Ad committees; tasks forces, interagency groups.--The 
        Council may function through established or ad hoc committees, 
        task forces, or interagency groups.
            (3) Requirement to cooperate.--Each agency in the executive 
        branch of the Federal Government shall--
                    (A) cooperate with the Council; and
                    (B) provide assistance, information, and advice to 
                the Council, as the Council may request, to the extent 
                permitted by law.
            (4) Assistance to council.--For the purpose of carrying out 
        the provisions of this section, the head of each agency that is 
        a member of the Council shall furnish necessary assistance and 
        resources to the Council, which may include--
                    (A) detailing employees of the agency to the 
                Council to perform such functions, consistent with the 
                purposes of this section, as the Chair of the Council 
                may assign to those detailees;
                    (B) providing office support and printing, as 
                requested by the Chair of the Council; and
                    (C) upon the request of the Chair of the Council, 
                undertake special studies for the Council that come 
                within the functions of the Council described in 
                subsection (k).
    (n) National Medal of Manufacturing and Industrial Innovation.--
            (1) Recommendations.--The President shall from time to time 
        award a medal, to be known as the ``National Medal of 
        Manufacturing and Industrial Innovation'', on the basis of 
        recommendations received from the National Academies of 
        Sciences, the Chief Manufacturing Officer, or on the basis of 
        such other information and evidence as the President determines 
        appropriate, to individuals who in the judgment of the 
        President are deserving of special recognition by reason of 
        outstanding contributions to knowledge in manufacturing and 
        industrial innovation.
            (2) Number.--Not more than 20 individuals may be awarded a 
        medal under this section in any one calendar year.
            (3) Citizenship.--An individual may not be awarded a medal 
        under this section unless at the time such award is made the 
        individual--
                    (A) is a citizen or other national of the United 
                States; or
                    (B) is an individual lawfully admitted to the 
                United States for permanent residence who--
                            (i) has filed an application for petition 
                        for naturalization in the manner prescribed by 
                        section 334(b) of the Immigration and 
                        Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1445(b)); and
                            (ii) is not permanently ineligible to 
                        become a citizen of the United States.
            (4) Ceremonies.--The presentation of the award shall be 
        made by the President with such ceremonies as determined 
        proper, including attendance by appropriate Members of 
        Congress.
    (o) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated for each of fiscal years 2022 through 2026--
            (1) $5,000,000, for the purpose of carrying out subsections 
        (c) through (i); and
            (2) $5,000,000, for the purpose of carrying out subsections 
        (j) through (m).

SEC. 509. TELECOMMUNICATIONS WORKFORCE TRAINING GRANT PROGRAM.

    (a) Short Title.--This section may be cited as the ``Improving 
Minority Participation And Careers in Telecommunications Act'' or the 
``IMPACT Act''.
    (b) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Assistant secretary.--The term ``Assistant Secretary'' 
        means the Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Communications 
        and Information.
            (2) Covered grant.--The term ``covered grant'' means a 
        grant awarded under subsection (c).
            (3) Eligible entity.--The term ``eligible entity'' means a 
        historically Black college or university, Tribal College or 
        University, or minority-serving institution, or a consortium of 
        such entities, that forms a partnership with 1 or more of the 
        following entities to carry out a training program:
                    (A) A member of the telecommunications industry, 
                such as a company or industry association.
                    (B) A labor or labor-management organization with 
                experience working in the telecommunications industry 
                or a similar industry.
                    (C) The Telecommunications Industry Registered 
                Apprenticeship Program.
                    (D) A nonprofit organization dedicated to helping 
                individuals gain employment in the telecommunications 
                industry.
                    (E) A community or technical college with 
                experience in providing workforce development for 
                individuals seeking employment in the 
                telecommunications industry or a similar industry.
                    (F) A Federal agency laboratory specializing in 
                telecommunications technology.
            (4) Fund.--The term ``Fund'' means the Telecommunications 
        Workforce Training Grant Program Fund established under 
        subsection (d)(1).
            (5) Grant program.--The term ``Grant Program'' means the 
        Telecommunications Workforce Training Grant Program established 
        under subsection (c).
            (6) Historically black college or university.--The term 
        ``historically Black college or university'' has the meaning 
        given the term ``part B institution'' in section 322 of the 
        Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1061).
            (7) Industry field activities.--The term ``industry field 
        activities'' means activities at active telecommunications, 
        cable, and broadband network worksites, such as towers, 
        construction sites, and network management hubs.
            (8) Industry partner.--The term ``industry partner'' means 
        an entity described in subparagraphs (A) through (F) of 
        paragraph (3) with which an eligible entity forms a partnership 
        to carry out a training program.
            (9) Minority-serving institution.--The term ``minority-
        serving institution'' means an institution described in section 
        371(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
        1067q(a)).
            (10) Training program.--The term ``training program'' means 
        a credit or non-credit program developed by an eligible entity, 
        in partnership with an industry partner, that--
                    (A) is designed to educate and train students to 
                participate in the telecommunications workforce; and
                    (B) includes a curriculum and apprenticeship or 
                internship opportunities that can also be paired with--
                            (i) a degree program; or
                            (ii) stacked credentialing toward a degree.
            (11) Tribal college or university.--The term ``Tribal 
        College or University'' has the meaning given the term in 
        section 316(b)(3) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
        U.S.C. 1059c(b)(3)).
    (c) Program.--The Assistant Secretary, acting through the Office of 
Minority Broadband Initiatives established under section 902(b)(1) of 
division N of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 (Public Law 
116-260), shall establish a program, to be known as the 
``Telecommunications Workforce Training Grant Program'', under which 
the Assistant Secretary awards grants to eligible entities to develop 
training programs.
    (d) Fund.--
            (1) Establishment.--There is established in the Treasury of 
        the United States a fund to be known as the 
        ``Telecommunications Workforce Training Grant Program Fund''.
            (2) Availability.--Amounts in the Fund shall be available 
        to the Assistant Secretary to carry out the Grant Program.
    (e) Application.--
            (1) In general.--An eligible entity desiring a covered 
        grant shall submit an application to the Assistant Secretary at 
        such time, in such manner, and containing such information as 
        the Assistant Secretary may require.
            (2) Contents.--An eligible entity shall include in an 
        application under paragraph (1)--
                    (A) a commitment from the industry partner of the 
                eligible entity to collaborate with the eligible entity 
                to develop a training program, including curricula and 
                internships or apprenticeships;
                    (B) a description of how the eligible entity plans 
                to use the covered grant, including the type of 
                training program the eligible entity plans to develop;
                    (C) a plan for recruitment of students and 
                potential students to participate in the training 
                program;
                    (D) a plan to increase female student participation 
                in the training program of the eligible entity; and
                    (E) a description of potential jobs to be secured 
                through the training program, including jobs in the 
                communities surrounding the eligible entity.
    (f) Use of Funds.--An eligible entity may use a covered grant, with 
respect to the training program of the eligible entity, to--
            (1) hire faculty members to teach courses in the training 
        program;
            (2) train faculty members to prepare students for 
        employment in jobs related to the deployment of next-generation 
        wired and wireless communications networks, including 5G 
        networks, hybrid fiber-coaxial networks, and fiber 
        infrastructure, particularly in--
                    (A) broadband and wireless network engineering;
                    (B) network deployment, operation, and maintenance;
                    (C) industry field activities; and
                    (D) cloud networks, data centers, and 
                cybersecurity;
            (3) design and develop curricula and other components 
        necessary for degrees, courses, or programs of study, including 
        certificate programs and credentialing programs, that comprise 
        the training program;
            (4) pay for costs associated with instruction under the 
        training program, including the costs of equipment, 
        telecommunications training towers, laboratory space, classroom 
        space, and instructional field activities;
            (5) fund scholarships, student internships, 
        apprenticeships, and pre-apprenticeship opportunities;
            (6) recruit students for the training program; and
            (7) support the enrollment in the training program of 
        individuals working in the telecommunications industry in order 
        to advance professionally in the industry.
    (g) Grant Awards.--
            (1) Deadline.--Not later than 2 years after the date on 
        which amounts are appropriated to the Fund pursuant to 
        subsection (m), the Assistant Secretary shall award all covered 
        grants.
            (2) Minimum allocation to certain entities.--The Assistant 
        Secretary shall award not less than--
                    (A) 30 percent of covered grant amounts to 
                historically Black colleges or universities; and
                    (B) 30 percent of covered grant amounts to Tribal 
                Colleges or Universities.
            (3) Evaluation criteria.--As part of the final rules issued 
        under subsection (h), the Assistant Secretary shall develop 
        criteria for evaluating applications for covered grants.
            (4) Coordination.--The Assistant Secretary shall ensure 
        that grant amounts awarded under paragraph (2) are coordinated 
        with, and do not duplicate the specific use of, grant amounts 
        provided under section 902 of division N of the Consolidated 
        Appropriations Act, 2021 (Public Law 116-260).
            (5) Construction.--In awarding grants under this section 
        for training or education relating to construction, the 
        Assistant Secretary may prioritize applicants that partner with 
        apprenticeship programs, pre-apprenticeship programs, or public 
        two-year community or technical colleges that have a written 
        agreement with one or more apprenticeship programs.
    (h) Rules.--Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of 
this Act, after providing public notice and an opportunity to comment, 
the Assistant Secretary, in consultation with the Secretary of Labor 
and the Secretary of Education, shall issue final rules governing the 
Grant Program.
    (i) Term.--The Assistant Secretary shall establish the term of a 
covered grant, which may not be less than 5 years.
    (j) Grantee Reports.--During the term of a covered grant received 
by an eligible entity, the eligible entity shall submit to the 
Assistant Secretary a semiannual report that, with respect to the 
preceding 6-month period--
            (1) describes how the eligible entity used the covered 
        grant amounts;
            (2) describes the progress the eligible entity made in 
        developing and executing the training program of the eligible 
        entity;
            (3) describes the number of faculty and students 
        participating in the training program of the eligible entity;
            (4) describes the partnership with the industry partner of 
        the eligible entity, including--
                    (A) the commitments and in-kind contributions made 
                by the industry partner; and
                    (B) the role of the industry partner in curriculum 
                development, the degree program, and internships and 
                apprenticeships; and
            (5) includes data on internship, apprenticeship, and 
        employment opportunities and placements.
    (k) Oversight.--
            (1) Audits.--The Inspector General of the Department of 
        Commerce shall audit the Grant Program in order to--
                    (A) ensure that eligible entities use covered grant 
                amounts in accordance with--
                            (i) the requirements of this section; and
                            (ii) the overall purpose of the Grant 
                        Program, as described in subsection (c); and
                    (B) prevent waste, fraud, and abuse in the 
                operation of the Grant Program.
            (2) Revocation of funds.--The Assistant Secretary shall 
        revoke a grant awarded to an eligible entity that is not in 
        compliance with the requirements of this section or the overall 
        purpose of the Grant Program, as described in subsection (c).
    (l) Annual Report to Congress.--Each year, until all covered grants 
have expired, the Assistant Secretary shall submit to Congress a report 
that--
            (1) identifies each eligible entity that received a covered 
        grant and the amount of the covered grant;
            (2) describes the progress each eligible entity described 
        in paragraph (1) has made toward accomplishing the overall 
        purpose of the Grant Program, as described in subsection (c);
            (3) summarizes the job placement status or apprenticeship 
        opportunities of students who have participated in the training 
        program of the eligible entity; and
            (4) includes the findings of any audits conducted by the 
        Inspector General of the Department of Commerce under 
        subsection (k)(1) that were not included in the previous report 
        submitted under this subsection.
    (m) Authorization of Appropriations.--
            (1) In general.--There is authorized to be appropriated to 
        the Fund a total of $100,000,000 for fiscal years 2022 through 
        2027, to remain available until expended.
            (2) Administration.--The Assistant Secretary may use not 
        more than 2 percent of the amounts appropriated to the Fund for 
        the administration of the Grant Program.

SEC. 510. COUNTRY OF ORIGIN LABELING ONLINE ACT.

    (a) Mandatory Origin and Location Disclosure for Products Offered 
for Sale on the Internet.--
            (1) In general.--It shall be unlawful for a product that is 
        required to be marked under section 304 of the Tariff Act of 
        1930 (19 U.S.C. 1304) or its implementing regulations to be 
        introduced, sold, advertised, or offered for sale in commerce 
        on an internet website unless the internet website description 
        of the product--
                    (A)(i) indicates in a conspicuous place the country 
                of origin of the product, in a manner consistent with 
                the regulations prescribed under section 304 of the 
                Tariff Act of 1930 (19 U.S.C. 1304) and the country of 
                origin marking regulations administered by U.S. Customs 
                and Border Protection; and
                    (ii) includes, in the case of--
                            (I) a new passenger motor vehicle (as 
                        defined in section 32304 of title 49, United 
                        States Code), the disclosure required by such 
                        section;
                            (II) a textile fiber product (as defined in 
                        section 2 of the Textile Fiber Products 
                        Identification Act (15 U.S.C. 70b)), the 
                        disclosure required by such Act;
                            (III) a wool product (as defined in section 
                        2 of the Wool Products Labeling Act of 1939 (15 
                        U.S.C. 68)), the disclosure required by such 
                        Act;
                            (IV) a fur product (as defined in section 2 
                        of the Fur Products Labeling Act (15 U.S.C. 
                        69)), the disclosure required by such Act;
                            (V) a covered commodity (as defined in 
                        section 281 of the Agricultural Marketing Act 
                        of 1946 (7 U.S.C. 1638)), the country of origin 
                        information required by section 282 of such Act 
                        (7 U.S.C. 1638a); and
                            (VI) a pharmaceutical product subject to 
                        the jurisdiction of the Food and Drug 
                        Administration, the disclosure required by 
                        section 502 of the Federal Food, Drug, and 
                        Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 352); and
                    (B) indicates in a conspicuous place the country in 
                which the seller of the product is located (and, if 
                applicable, the country in which any parent corporation 
                of such seller is located).
            (2) Limitation.--The disclosure of a product's country of 
        origin required pursuant to paragraph (1)(A) shall not be made 
        in such a manner as to represent to a consumer that the product 
        is in whole, or part, of United States origin, unless such 
        disclosure is consistent with section 5 of the Federal Trade 
        Commission Act (15 U.S.C. 45(a)), provided that no other 
        Federal statute applies.
    (b) Prohibition on False and Misleading Representation of United 
States Origin on Products.--
            (1) Unlawful activity.--Notwithstanding any other provision 
        of law, it shall be unlawful to make any false or deceptive 
        representation that a product or its parts or processing are of 
        United States origin in any labeling, advertising, or other 
        promotional materials, or any other form of marketing, 
        including marketing through digital or electronic means in the 
        United States.
            (2) Deceptive representation.--For purposes of paragraph 
        (1), a representation that a product is in whole, or in part, 
        of United States origin is deceptive if, at the time the 
        representation is made, such claim is not consistent with 
        section 5 of the Federal Trade Commission Act (15 U.S.C. 
        45(a)), provided that no other Federal statute applies.
    (c) Enforcement by Commission.--
            (1) Unfair or deceptive acts or practices.--A violation of 
        subsection (a) or (b) shall be treated as a violation of a rule 
        under section 18(a)(1)(B) of the Federal Trade Commission Act 
        (15 U.S.C. 57a(a)(1)(B)).
            (2) Powers of the commission.--
                    (A) In general.--The Commission shall enforce this 
                section in the same manner, by the same means, and with 
                the same jurisdiction, powers, and duties as though all 
                applicable terms and provisions of the Federal Trade 
                Commission Act (15 U.S.C. 41 et seq.) were incorporated 
                into and made a part of this section.
                    (B) Privileges and immunities.--Any person that 
                violates subsection (a) or (b) shall be subject to the 
                penalties and entitled to the privileges and immunities 
                provided in the Federal Trade Commission Act (15 U.S.C. 
                41 et seq.) as though all applicable terms and 
                provisions of that Act were incorporated and made part 
                of this section.
                    (C) Authority preserved.--Nothing in this section 
                may be construed to limit the authority of the 
                Commission under any other provision of law.
            (3) Interagency agreement.--Not later than 6 months after 
        the date of enactment of this Act, the Commission and U.S. 
        Customs and Border Protection shall--
                    (A) enter into a Memorandum of Understanding or 
                other appropriate agreement for the purpose of 
                providing consistent implementation of this section; 
                and
                    (B) publish such agreement to provide public 
                guidance.
            (4) Definition of commission.--In this subsection, the term 
        ``Commission'' means the Federal Trade Commission.
    (d) Effective Date.--This section shall take effect 9 months after 
the date of enactment of this Act.

SEC. 511. COUNTRY OF ORIGIN LABELING FOR KING CRAB AND TANNER CRAB.

    Section 281(7)(B) of the Agricultural Marketing Act of 1946 (7 
U.S.C. 1638(7)(B)) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``includes a fillet'' and inserting 
        ``includes--
                            ``(i) a fillet'';
            (2) by striking the period at the end and inserting ``; 
        and''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
                            ``(ii) whole cooked king crab and tanner 
                        crab and cooked king crab and tanner crab 
                        sections.''.

SEC. 512. INTERNET EXCHANGES AND SUBMARINE CABLES.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Assistant secretary.--The term ``Assistant Secretary'' 
        means the Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Communications 
        and Information.
            (2) Core based statistical area.--The term ``core based 
        statistical area'' has the meaning given the term by the Office 
        of Management and Budget in the Notice of Decision entitled 
        ``2010 Standards for Delineating Metropolitan and Micropolitan 
        Statistical Areas'', published in the Federal Register on June 
        28, 2010 (75 Fed. Reg. 37246), or any successor to that Notice.
            (3) Covered grant.--The term ``covered grant'' means a 
        grant awarded under subsection (b)(1).
            (4) Indian tribe.--The term ``Indian Tribe''--
                    (A) has the meaning given the term in section 4 of 
                the Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance 
                Act (25 U.S.C. 5304); and
                    (B) includes a Native Hawaiian organization, as 
                that term is defined in section 6207 of the Native 
                Hawaiian Education Act (20 U.S.C. 7517).
            (5) Internet exchange facility.--The term ``internet 
        exchange facility'' means physical infrastructure through which 
        internet service providers and content delivery networks 
        exchange internet traffic between their networks.
            (6) State.--The term ``State'' has the meaning given the 
        term in section 3 of the Communications Act of 1934 (47 U.S.C. 
        153).
            (7) Submarine cable landing station.--The term ``submarine 
        cable landing station'' means a cable landing station, as that 
        term is used in section 1.767(a)(5) of title 47, Code of 
        Federal Regulations (or any successor regulation), that can be 
        utilized to land a submarine cable by an entity that has 
        obtained a license under the first section of the Act entitled 
        ``An Act relating to the landing and operation of submarine 
        cables in the United States'', approved May 27, 1921 (47 U.S.C. 
        34) (commonly known as the ``Cable Landing Licensing Act'').
    (b) Internet Exchange Facility Grants.--
            (1) Grants.--Not later than 1 year after the date on which 
        amounts are made available under subsection (e), the Assistant 
        Secretary shall award grants to entities to acquire real 
        property and necessary equipment to--
                    (A) establish a new internet exchange facility in a 
                core based statistical area in which, at the time the 
                grant is awarded, there are no existing internet 
                exchange facilities; or
                    (B) expand operations at an existing internet 
                exchange facility in a core based statistical area in 
                which, at the time the grant is awarded, there is only 
                1 internet exchange facility.
            (2) Eligibility.--To be eligible to receive a covered 
        grant, an entity shall--
                    (A) have sufficient interest from third party 
                entities that will use the internet exchange facility 
                to be funded by the grant once the facility is 
                established or operations are expanded, as applicable;
                    (B) have sovereign control over the land or 
                building in which the internet exchange facility is to 
                be housed;
                    (C) provide evidence of direct conduit, duct, and 
                manhole access to public rights-of-way;
                    (D) have a plan to establish security protocols for 
                the internet exchange facility to prevent physical or 
                electronic intrusion from unauthorized users; and
                    (E) provide other information required by the 
                Assistant Secretary to protect against waste, fraud, or 
                abuse.
            (3) Federal share.--The Federal share of the total cost of 
        the establishment of, or expansion of operations at, an 
        internet exchange facility for which a covered grant is awarded 
        may not exceed 50 percent.
            (4) Grant amount.--The amount of a covered grant may not 
        exceed $3,000,000.
            (5) Applications.--
                    (A) Rules and timelines.--Not later than 1 year 
                after the date of enactment of this Act, the Assistant 
                Secretary shall establish rules and timelines for 
                applications for--
                            (i) covered grants; and
                            (ii) grants under subsection (c).
                    (B) Third party review.--To prevent fraud in the 
                covered grant program, the Assistant Secretary shall 
                enter into a contract with an independent third party 
                under which the third party reviews an application for 
                a covered grant not later than 60 days after the date 
                on which the application is submitted to ensure that 
                only an entity that is eligible for a covered grant 
                receives a covered grant.
            (6) Rule of construction.--Nothing in this subsection shall 
        be construed to authorize the Assistant Secretary to regulate, 
        issue guidance for, or otherwise interfere with the activities 
        at an internet exchange facility.
    (c) Submarine Cable Landing Station Grants.--Not later than 1 year 
after the date on which amounts are made available under subsection 
(e), and in accordance with the rules and timelines established under 
subsection (b)(5)(A), the Assistant Secretary shall award grants to 
States and Indian Tribes to build infrastructure and acquire necessary 
equipment to establish or expand an open-access, carrier-neutral 
submarine cable landing station that serves a military facility.
    (d) Report.--Not later than 5 years after the date of enactment of 
this Act, and annually thereafter for 5 years, the Assistant Secretary 
shall submit a report on outcomes of grants awarded under this section 
to--
            (1) the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation 
        of the Senate; and
            (2) the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of 
        Representatives.
    (e) Authorization of Appropriations.--
            (1) In general.--There is authorized to be appropriated 
        $35,000,000 to carry out subsections (b) and (c).
            (2) Limitation.--The Assistant Secretary may not use more 
        than 10 percent of the amounts made available under paragraph 
        (1) to administer and report on the outcomes of grants awarded 
        under this section.
    (f) Return of Certain Grant Amounts.--The Assistant Secretary may 
require a recipient of a grant awarded under subsection (b) or (c) to 
return all or a portion of the grant amount if there is evidence of 
waste, fraud, or abuse of grant funds by the recipient.

SEC. 513. STUDY OF SISTER CITY PARTNERSHIPS OPERATING WITHIN THE UNITED 
              STATES INVOLVING FOREIGN COMMUNITIES IN COUNTRIES WITH 
              SIGNIFICANT PUBLIC SECTOR CORRUPTION.

    (a) Short Title.--This section may be cited as the ``Sister City 
Transparency Act''.
    (b) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Appropriate congressional committees.--The term 
        ``appropriate congressional committees'' means--
                    (A) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the 
                Senate;
                    (B) the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and 
                Pensions of the Senate;
                    (C) the Committee on Armed Services of the Senate;
                    (D) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House 
                of Representatives;
                    (E) the Committee on Education and Labor of the 
                House of Representatives; and
                    (F) the Committee on Armed Services of the House of 
                Representatives.
            (2) Foreign community.--The term ``foreign community'' 
        means any subnational unit of government outside of the United 
        States.
            (3) Sister city partnership.--The term ``sister city 
        partnership'' means a formal agreement between a United States 
        community and a foreign community that--
                    (A) is recognized by Sister Cities International; 
                and
                    (B) is operating within the United States.
            (4) United states community.--The term ``United States 
        community'' means a State, county, city, or other unit of local 
        government in the United States.
    (c) Study of Sister City Partnerships Operating Within the United 
States Involving Foreign Communities in Countries With Significant 
Public Sector Corruption.--
            (1) In general.--The Comptroller General of the United 
        States shall conduct a study of the activities of sister city 
        partnerships involving foreign communities in countries 
        receiving a score of 45 or less on Transparency International's 
        2019 Corruption Perceptions Index.
            (2) Elements of the study.--The study conducted under 
        paragraph (1) shall--
                    (A) identify--
                            (i) the criteria by which foreign 
                        communities identify United States communities 
                        as candidates for sister city partnerships, 
                        including themes with respect to the prominent 
                        economic activities and demographics of such 
                        United States communities;
                            (ii) the activities conducted within sister 
                        city partnerships;
                            (iii) the economic and educational outcomes 
                        of such activities;
                            (iv) the types of information that sister 
                        city partnerships make publicly available, 
                        including information relating to contracts and 
                        activities;
                            (v) the means by which United States 
                        communities safeguard freedom of expression 
                        within sister city partnerships; and
                            (vi) the oversight practices that United 
                        States communities implement to mitigate the 
                        risks of foreign espionage and economic 
                        coercion within sister city partnerships;
                    (B) assess--
                            (i) the extent to which United States 
                        communities ensure transparency regarding 
                        sister city partnership contracts and 
                        activities;
                            (ii) the extent to which sister city 
                        partnerships involve economic arrangements that 
                        make United States communities vulnerable to 
                        malign market practices;
                            (iii) the extent to which sister city 
                        partnerships involve educational arrangements 
                        that diminish the freedom of expression;
                            (iv) the extent to which sister city 
                        partnerships allow foreign nationals to access 
                        local commercial, educational, and political 
                        institutions;
                            (v) the extent to which foreign communities 
                        could use sister city partnerships to realize 
                        strategic objectives that do not conduce to the 
                        economic and national security interests of the 
                        United States;
                            (vi) the extent to which sister city 
                        partnerships could enable or otherwise 
                        contribute to foreign communities' malign 
                        activities globally, including activities 
                        relating to human rights abuses and academic 
                        and industrial espionage; and
                            (vii) the extent to which United States 
                        communities seek to mitigate foreign nationals' 
                        potentially inappropriate use of visa programs 
                        to participate in activities relating to sister 
                        city partnerships; and
                    (C) review--
                            (i) the range of activities conducted 
                        within sister city partnerships, including 
                        activities relating to cultural exchange and 
                        economic development;
                            (ii) how such activities differ between 
                        sister city partnerships; and
                            (iii) best practices to ensure transparency 
                        regarding sister city partnerships' agreements, 
                        activities, and employees.
            (3) Report.--
                    (A) In general.--Not later than 6 months after 
                initiating the study required under paragraph (1), the 
                Comptroller General shall submit a report to the 
                appropriate congressional committees that contains the 
                results of such study, including the findings, 
                conclusions, and recommendations (if any) of the study.
                    (B) Form.--The report required under subparagraph 
                (A) may include a classified annex, if necessary.

SEC. 514. PROHIBITION ON TRANSFER, ASSIGNMENT, OR DISPOSITION OF 
              CONSTRUCTION PERMITS AND STATION LICENSES TO ENTITIES 
              SUBJECT TO UNDUE INFLUENCE BY THE CHINESE COMMUNIST PARTY 
              OR THE GOVERNMENT OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA.

    The Federal Communications Commission shall, pursuant to section 
310 of the Communications Act of 1934 (47 U.S.C. 310), prohibit the 
transfer, assignment, or disposition of construction permits and 
station licenses to an entity that is subject to undue influence by the 
Chinese Communist Party or the Government of the People's Republic of 
China.

SEC. 515. LIMITATION ON NUCLEAR COOPERATION WITH THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC 
              OF CHINA.

    (a) In General.--The President shall not--
            (1) develop, design, plan, promulgate, implement, or 
        execute a bilateral policy, program, order, or contract of any 
        kind to participate in, collaborate on, or coordinate 
        bilaterally in any manner with respect to nuclear cooperation 
        activities, or otherwise engage in nuclear cooperation, with--
                    (A) the Government of the People's Republic of 
                China; or
                    (B) any company--
                            (i) owned by the Government of the People's 
                        Republic of China; or
                            (ii) incorporated under the laws of the 
                        People's Republic of China; or
            (2) allow any agency of the United States Government to 
        host official visitors at a facility belonging to the agency if 
        those visitors are--
                    (A) officials, corporate officers, or principal 
                shareholders of any entity described in subparagraph 
                (A) or (B) of paragraph (1); or
                    (B) individuals subject to undue influence by the 
                individuals described in subparagraph (A).
    (b) Review of Prior Nuclear Cooperation and Associated Impacts.--
            (1) Agreement.--Not later than 60 days after the date of 
        enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State shall seek to 
        enter into an agreement with the National Academy of Public 
        Administration (referred to in this section as the ``National 
        Academy'') to carry out the review and assessment described in 
        paragraph (2) and submit the report described in paragraph (3).
            (2) Review and assessment.--
                    (A) In general.--Under the agreement described in 
                paragraph (1), the National Academy shall--
                            (i) conduct a review of nuclear cooperation 
                        during the 25-year period ending on the date of 
                        enactment of this Act between the United States 
                        Government and the People's Republic of China, 
                        including the role of the Department of State 
                        in facilitating such cooperation; and
                            (ii) perform an assessment of the 
                        implications of the cooperation described in 
                        clause (i) on the national security of the 
                        United States.
                    (B) Elements.--In conducting the review and 
                assessment under subparagraph (A), the National Academy 
                shall examine all cooperative activities relating to 
                nuclear cooperation between the United States 
                Government and the People's Republic of China during 
                the 25-year period ending on the date of enactment of 
                this Act, including--
                            (i) all trips relating to nuclear 
                        cooperation taken by officials of the 
                        Department of State to the People's Republic of 
                        China;
                            (ii) all exchanges of goods, services, 
                        data, or information between officials of the 
                        United States Government and an entity 
                        described in subparagraph (A) or (B) of 
                        subsection (a)(1); and
                    (C) all instances in which officials of the United 
                States Government hosted officials from, or 
                significantly tied to, an entity described in 
                subparagraph (A) or (B) of subsection (a)(1).
            (3) Deadline and report.--Not later than 1 year after the 
        date on which the Secretary and the National Academy enter into 
        an agreement described in paragraph (1), the National Academy 
        shall--
                    (A) complete the review and assessment described in 
                paragraph (2); and
                    (B) submit a report containing the results of the 
                review and assessment, which shall be unclassified but, 
                if necessary, may contain a classified annex, to--
                            (i) the Secretary; and
                            (ii) the appropriate congressional 
                        committees.
            (4) Publication.--Not later than 60 days after the date on 
        which the National Academy submits the report under paragraph 
        (3), the Secretary shall make the report publically available 
        in an easily accessible electronic format, with appropriate 
        redactions for information that, in the determination of the 
        Secretary, would be damaging to the national security of the 
        United States if disclosed.
    (c) Waivers.--
            (1) Waiver for counterterrorism; nonproliferation 
        activities; and the national interest.--The President may waive 
        the limitation under subsection (a)--
                    (A) to continue ongoing activities with the 
                People's Republic of China relating to nuclear and 
                radiological counterterrorism, nuclear and radiological 
                counterproliferation, and nuclear and radiological 
                nonproliferation; or
                    (B) if the President determines that such waiver is 
                in the national interests of the United States, 
                provided the Federal Bureau of Investigation certifies 
                prior to such waiver that the persons covered under 
                such waiver--
                            (i) are not subject to undue influence by 
                        the Government of the People's Republic of 
                        China or the Chinese Communist Party, or by 
                        officials of the People's Republic of China or 
                        the Chinese Communist Party; and
                            (ii) are not engaged in human rights 
                        abuses.
            (2) Waiver to address emergencies.--Subject to receiving 
        appropriate licenses and other authorizations, the President 
        may waive the limitation under subsection (a) to allow 
        transfers of technology and equipment to address a nuclear or 
        radiological emergency.
            (3) Notification requirement.--The President shall notify 
        Congress of any waiver issued under paragraph (1) or (2).
    (d) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Nuclear cooperation.--The term ``nuclear cooperation'' 
        means cooperation with respect to nuclear activities, including 
        the development, use, or control of atomic energy, including 
        any activities involving the processing or utilization of 
        source material, byproduct material, or special nuclear 
        material (as those terms are defined in section 11 of the 
        Atomic Energy Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C. 2014)).
            (2) Nuclear cooperation activities.--The term ``nuclear 
        cooperation activities'' means activities relating to nuclear 
        cooperation.
    (e) Rule of Construction.-- Nothing in this Act shall be construed 
to prohibit--
            (1) United States commercial activities, provided such 
        activities are consistent with the laws and regulations of the 
        United States; and
            (2) limited diplomatic engagement or dialogue--
                    (A) including regarding protection of the 
                intellectual property and trade secrets of American 
                persons; and
                    (B) except for any diplomatic engagement or 
                dialogue relating to or aimed at facilitating the 
                transfer of nuclear technology.

SEC. 516. CERTIFICATION.

    Section 1260I(a) of the National Defense Authorization Act for 
Fiscal Year 2020 (Public Law 116-92; 113 Stat. 1687) is amended--
            (1) by inserting ``and'' at the end of paragraph (2); and
            (2) by striking paragraphs (3) and (4) and inserting the 
        following:
            ``(3) Huawei does not pose an ongoing threat to the 
        critical infrastructure of the United States or its allies.''.

SEC. 517. FAIRNESS AND DUE PROCESS IN STANDARDS-SETTING BODIES.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Appropriate committees of congress.--The term 
        ``appropriate committees of Congress'' means--
                    (A) the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
                Transportation of the Senate;
                    (B) the Committee on Armed Services of the Senate;
                    (C) the Select Committee on Intelligence of the 
                Senate;
                    (D) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the 
                Senate;
                    (E) the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology 
                of the House of Representatives;
                    (F) the Committee on Armed Services of the House of 
                Representatives;
                    (G) the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence 
                of the House of Representatives; and
                    (H) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House 
                of Representatives.
            (2) Assistant secretary.--The term ``Assistant Secretary'' 
        means the Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Communications 
        and Information.
    (b) Study.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 270 days after the date of 
        enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Commerce, acting 
        through the Assistant Secretary, shall submit to the 
        appropriate committees of Congress the results of a study 
        identifying opportunities for improved participation by United 
        States Government experts in the standardization activities of 
        the Telecommunication Standardization Sector of the 
        International Telecommunication Union.
            (2) Consultations required.--In conducting the study 
        required under paragraph (1), the Assistant Secretary shall--
                    (A) consult with--
                            (i) the Under Secretary of State for 
                        Economic Growth, Energy, and the Environment; 
                        and
                            (ii) the Chairman of the Federal 
                        Communications Commission;
                    (B) engage with the International Digital Economy 
                and Telecommunication Advisory Committee; and
                    (C) provide opportunities for all relevant 
                stakeholders in the United States to provide meaningful 
                input with respect to the conduct of the study.
            (3) Contents.--The study required under paragraph (1) shall 
        include--
                    (A) the identification and assessment of factors 
                that serve as a barrier to the participation of United 
                States Government experts in the standards development 
                activities of the Telecommunication Standardization 
                Sector of the International Telecommunication Union, 
                including--
                            (i) budgetary constraints;
                            (ii) lack of awareness regarding the 
                        strategic importance of, and support for, 
                        participation in those activities;
                            (iii) limited knowledge about opportunities 
                        for, and means of, participation with respect 
                        to those activities;
                            (iv) the extent to which there are 
                        opportunities for cooperation with government 
                        experts from like-minded foreign allies with 
                        respect to those activities; and
                            (v) any other barriers to effective 
                        participation in, and representation with 
                        respect to, those activities; and
                    (B) recommendations regarding how the barriers to 
                increased and effective participation, as identified 
                under subparagraph (A), could be addressed, which may 
                include--
                            (i) strategies and tactics to ensure long-
                        term participation;
                            (ii) means for improved information sharing 
                        and coordination--
                                    (I) among Federal Government 
                                participants;
                                    (II) between the public and private 
                                sectors; and
                                    (III) between the Federal 
                                Government and like-minded foreign 
                                allies;
                            (iii) identification of suitable leadership 
                        opportunities for Federal Government 
                        participants; and
                            (iv) any other recommendation that the 
                        Assistant Secretary determines to be 
                        appropriate.

SEC. 518. SHARK FIN SALES ELIMINATION.

    (a) Short Title.--This section may be cited as the ``Shark Fin 
Sales Elimination Act of 2021''.
    (b) Prohibition on Sale of Shark Fins.--
            (1) Prohibition.--Except as provided in subsection (c), no 
        person shall possess, transport, offer for sale, sell, or 
        purchase shark fins or products containing shark fins.
            (2) Penalty.--A violation of paragraph (1) shall be treated 
        as an act prohibited by section 307 of the Magnuson-Stevens 
        Fishery Conservation and Management Act (16 U.S.C. 1857) and 
        shall be penalized pursuant to section 308(a) of that Act (16 
        U.S.C. 1858(a)), except that the maximum civil penalty for each 
        violation shall be $100,000, or the fair market value of the 
        shark fins involved, whichever is greater.
    (c) Exceptions.--A person may possess a shark fin that was taken 
lawfully under a State, territorial, or Federal license or permit to 
take or land sharks, if the shark fin is separated from the shark in a 
manner consistent with the license or permit and is--
            (1) destroyed or discarded upon separation;
            (2) used for noncommercial subsistence purposes in 
        accordance with State or territorial law;
            (3) used solely for display or research purposes by a 
        museum, college, or university, or other person under a State 
        or Federal permit to conduct noncommercial scientific research; 
        or
            (4) retained by the license or permit holder for a 
        noncommercial purpose.
    (d) Dogfish.--
            (1) In general.--It shall not be a violation of subsection 
        bc) for any person to possess, transport, offer for sale, sell, 
        or purchase any fresh or frozen raw fin or tail from any stock 
        of the species Mustelus canis (smooth dogfish) or Squalus 
        acanthias (spiny dogfish).
            (2) Report.--By not later than January 1, 2027, the 
        Secretary of Commerce shall review the exemption contained in 
        paragraph (1) and shall prepare and submit to Congress a report 
        that includes a recommendation on whether the exemption 
        contained in paragraph (1) should continue or be terminated. In 
        preparing such report and making such recommendation, the 
        Secretary shall analyze factors including--
                    (A) the economic viability of dogfish fisheries 
                with and without the continuation of the exemption;
                    (B) the impact to ocean ecosystems of continuing or 
                terminating the exemption;
                    (C) the impact on enforcement of the ban contained 
                in subsection (b) caused by the exemption; and
                    (D) the impact of the exemption on shark 
                conservation.
    (e) Definition of Shark Fin.--In this section, the term ``shark 
fin'' means--
            (1) the raw or dried or otherwise processed detached fin of 
        a shark; or
            (2) the raw or dried or otherwise processed detached tail 
        of a shark.
    (f) State Authority.--Nothing in this section may be construed to 
preclude, deny, or limit any right of a State or territory to adopt or 
enforce any regulation or standard that is more stringent than a 
regulation or standard in effect under this section.
    (g) Severability.--If any provision of this section or its 
application to any person or circumstance is held invalid, the 
invalidity does not affect other provisions or applications of this 
section which can be given effect without the invalid provision or 
application, and to this end the provisions of this section are 
severable.

SEC. 519. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON FORCED LABOR.

    It is the sense of Congress that the Federal Government shall not 
engage in research, partnerships, contracts, or other agreements with 
any entity (including any country or institution of higher education) 
that has any affiliation with a country that engages in forced labor.

SEC. 520. OPEN NETWORK ARCHITECTURE.

    (a) Open Network Architecture Testbed.--
            (1) Definitions.--In this subsection--
                    (A) the term ``Applied Research Open-RAN testbed'' 
                means the testbed established under paragraph (2);
                    (B) the term ``Assistant Secretary'' means the 
                Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Communications and 
                Information; and
                    (C) the term ``NTIA'' means the National 
                Telecommunications and Information Administration.
            (2) Establishment.--The Assistant Secretary shall establish 
        an applied research open network architecture testbed at the 
        Institute for Telecommunication Sciences of the NTIA to develop 
        and demonstrate network architectures and applications, 
        equipment integration and interoperability at scale, 
        including--
                    (A) Open Radio Access Network (commonly known as 
                ``Open-RAN'') technology;
                    (B) Virtualized Radio Access Network (commonly 
                known as ``vRAN'') technology; and
                    (C) cloud native technologies that replicate 
                telecommunications hardware as software-based virtual 
                network elements and functions.
            (3) Focus; considerations.--In establishing the Applied 
        Research Open-RAN testbed pursuant to this section, the 
        Assistant Secretary shall ensure that such testbed evaluates 
        issues related to deployment and operation of open network 
        architectures in rural areas.
            (4) Cooperative research and development agreements.--The 
        Assistant Secretary shall enter into cooperative research and 
        development agreements as appropriate to obtain equipment, 
        devices, and expertise for the Applied Research Open-RAN 
        testbed, in accordance with section 12 of the Stevenson-Wydler 
        Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3710a).
            (5) Private sector contributions.--The Assistant Secretary 
        may accept private contributions to the Applied Research Open-
        RAN testbed in the form of network equipment or devices for 
        testing purposes.
            (6) Partnership with government entities.--
                    (A) Establishment.--In establishing the Applied 
                Research Open-RAN testbed, the Assistant Secretary 
                shall--
                            (i) consult with the Federal Communications 
                        Commission, including with respect to ongoing 
                        work by the Commission to develop other 
                        testbeds, including private sector testbeds, 
                        related to Open-RAN technologies; and
                            (ii) ensure that the work on the testbed is 
                        coordinated with the responsibilities of the 
                        Assistant Secretary under any relevant 
                        memorandum of understanding with the Federal 
                        Communications Commission and the National 
                        Science Foundation related to spectrum.
                    (B) Operations.--In operating the Applied Research 
                Open-RAN testbed, the Assistant Secretary shall, in 
                consultation with the Federal Communications 
                Commission, partner with--
                            (i) the First Responder Network Authority 
                        of the NTIA (also known as ``FirstNet'') and 
                        the Public Safety Communications Research 
                        Division of the National Institute of Standards 
                        and Technology to examine use cases and 
                        applications for Open-RAN technologies in a 
                        public safety network;
                            (ii) other Federal agencies, as appropriate 
                        to examine use cases and applications for Open-
                        RAN technologies in other areas of interest to 
                        such agencies; and
                            (iii) international partners, as 
                        appropriate.
            (7) Stakeholder input.--The Assistant Secretary shall seek 
        input from stakeholders regarding the establishment and 
        operation of the Applied Research Open-RAN testbed.
            (8) Implementation deadline.--Not later than 180 days after 
        the date of enactment of this Act, the Assistant Secretary 
        shall--
                    (A) define metrics and parameters for the Applied 
                Research Open-RAN testbed, including functionality, 
                project configuration and capacity, performance, 
                security requirements, and quality assurance;
                    (B) adopt any rules as necessary, in consultation 
                with the Federal Communications Commission; and
                    (C) begin the development of the Applied Research 
                Open-RAN testbed, including seeking stakeholder input 
                as required by paragraph (7).
            (9) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
        enactment of this Act, the Assistant Secretary shall submit to 
        the Committee on Commerce, Science and Transportation of the 
        Senate and the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of 
        Representatives a report on the findings of the testbed and any 
        recommendations for additional legislative or regulatory 
        actions relating to the work of the testbed.
            (10) Authorization of appropriations.--
                    (A) In general.--There are authorized to be 
                appropriated for the administration of the Applied 
                Research Open-RAN testbed $20,000,000 for fiscal year 
                2022, to remain available until expended.
                    (B) Rule of construction.--Nothing in paragraph (6) 
                shall be construed to obligate FirstNet or any other 
                Federal entity to pay for the cost of the Applied 
                Research Open-RAN testbed created under this section in 
                the absence of the appropriation of amounts under this 
                paragraph.
                    (C) Authorization for voluntary support.--A Federal 
                entity, including FirstNet, may voluntarily enter into 
                an agreement with NTIA to provide monetary or 
                nonmonetary support for the Applied Research Open-RAN 
                testbed.
    (b) Participation in Standards-setting Bodies.--
            (1) Definitions.--In this section--
                    (A) the term ``Assistant Secretary'' means the 
                Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Communications and 
                Information;
                    (B) the term ``eligible standards -setting body''--
                            (i) means a standards-setting body, 
                        participation in which may be funded by a grant 
                        awarded under paragraph (2), as determined by 
                        the Assistant Secretary; and
                            (ii) includes--
                                    (I) the 3rd Generation Partnership 
                                Project (commonly known as ``3GPP'');
                                    (II) the Alliance for 
                                Telecommunications Industry Solutions 
                                (commonly known as ``ATIS'');
                                    (III) the International 
                                Telecommunications Union (commonly 
                                known as ``ITU'');
                                    (IV) the Institute for Electrical 
                                and Electronics Engineers (commonly 
                                known as ``IEEE'');
                                    (V) the World Radiocommunications 
                                Conferences (commonly known as the 
                                ``WRC'') of the ITU;
                                    (VI) the Internet Engineering Task 
                                Force (commonly known as the ``IETF'');
                                    (VII) the International 
                                Organization for Standardization 
                                (commonly known as the ``ISO'') and the 
                                International Electrotechnical 
                                Commission (commonly known as the 
                                ``IEC'');
                                    (VIII) the O-RAN Alliance;
                                    (IX) the Telecommunications 
                                Industry Association (commonly known as 
                                ``TIA''); and
                                    (X) any other standards-setting 
                                body identified under paragraph (4);
                    (C) the term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary of 
                Commerce; and
                    (D) the term ``standards-setting body'' means an 
                international body that develops the standards for open 
                network architecture technologies.
            (2) Grant program.--
                    (A) In general.--The Secretary, in collaboration 
                with the Assistant Secretary, shall award grants to 
                private sector entities based in the United States to 
                participate in eligible standards-setting bodies.
                    (B) Prioritization.--The Secretary shall prioritize 
                grants awarded under this section to private sector 
                entities that would not otherwise be able to 
                participate in eligible standards-setting bodies 
                without the grant.
            (3) Grant criteria.--Not later than 180 days after the date 
        on which amounts are appropriated under paragraph (5), the 
        Secretary, in collaboration with the Assistant Secretary, shall 
        establish criteria for the grants awarded under paragraph (2).
            (4) Consultation with federal communications commission.--
        The Secretary shall consult with the Federal Communications 
        Commission in--
                    (A) determining criteria for the grants awarded 
                under paragraph (2); and
                    (B) determining which standards-setting bodies, if 
                any, in addition to the standards-setting bodies listed 
                in paragraph (1)(C)(ii) are eligible standards-setting 
                bodies.
            (5) Authorization of appropriations.--
                    (A) In general.--There are authorized to be 
                appropriated for grants under paragraph (2) $30,000,000 
                in total for fiscals years 2022 through 2025, to remain 
                available until expended.
                    (B) Administrative costs.--The Secretary may use 
                not more than 2 percent of any funds appropriated under 
                this paragraph for the administration of the grant 
                program established under this subsection.

SEC. 521. COMBATTING SEXUAL HARASSMENT IN SCIENCE.

    (a) Definitions.--This section may be cited as the ``Combating 
Sexual Harassment in Science Act of 2021''.
    (b) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Director.--The term ``Director'' means the Director of 
        the National Science Foundation.
            (2) Federal science agency.--The term ``Federal science 
        agency'' means any Federal agency with an annual extramural 
        research expenditure of over $100,000,000.
            (3) Grant personnel.--The term ``grant personnel'' means 
        principal investigators and co-principal investigators 
        supported by a grant award under Federal law and their 
        trainees.
            (4) Institution of higher education.--The term 
        ``institution of higher education'' has the meaning given such 
        term in section 101 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
        U.S.C. 1001).
            (5) National academies.--The term ``National Academies'' 
        means the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and 
        Medicine.
            (6) Recipient.--The term ``recipient'' means an entity, 
        usually a non-Federal entity, that receives a Federal award 
        directly from a Federal awarding agency. The term ``recipient'' 
        does not include entities that receive subgrants or individuals 
        that are the beneficiaries of the award.
            (7) Sexual harassment.--The term ``sexual harassment'' has 
        the meaning given such term in section 1604.11 of title 29, 
        Code of Federal Regulations (or any successor regulations).
    (c) Research Grants.--
            (1) In general.--The Director shall award grants, on a 
        competitive basis, to institutions of higher education or 
        nonprofit organizations (or consortia of such institutions or 
        organizations)--
                    (A) to expand research efforts to better understand 
                the factors contributing to, and consequences of, 
                sexual harassment affecting individuals in the 
                scientific, technical, engineering, and mathematics 
                workforce, including students and trainees; and
                    (B) to examine best practices to reduce the 
                incidence and negative consequences of such harassment.
            (2) Use of funds.--Activities funded by a grant under this 
        subsection may include--
                    (A) research on the sexual harassment experiences 
                of individuals in underrepresented or vulnerable 
                groups, including communities of color, disabled 
                individuals, foreign nationals, sexual- and gender-
                minority individuals, and others;
                    (B) development and assessment of policies, 
                procedures, trainings, and interventions, with respect 
                to sexual harassment, conflict management, and ways to 
                foster respectful and inclusive climates;
                    (C) research on approaches for remediating the 
                negative impacts and outcomes of such harassment on 
                individuals experiencing such harassment;
                    (D) support for institutions of higher education or 
                nonprofit organizations to develop, adapt, implement, 
                and assess the impact of innovative, evidence-based 
                strategies, policies, and approaches to policy 
                implementation to prevent and address sexual 
                harassment;
                    (E) research on alternatives to the power dynamics 
                and hierarchical and dependent relationships in 
                academia that have been shown to create higher levels 
                of risk for and lower levels of reporting of sexual 
                harassment; and
                    (F) research related to the ongoing compilation, 
                management, and analysis of organizational climate 
                survey data.
    (d) Data Collection.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
enactment of this Act, the Director, through the National Center for 
Science and Engineering Statistics and with guidance from the Office of 
Management and Budget given their oversight of the Federal statistical 
agencies, shall convene a working group composed of representatives of 
Federal statistical agencies--
            (1) to develop questions on sexual harassment in science, 
        technology, engineering, and mathematics departments to gather 
        national data on the prevalence, nature, and implications of 
        sexual harassment in institutions of higher education that 
        builds on the work conducted by the National Center for Science 
        and Engineering Statistics in response to recommendations from 
        the National Academies to develop questions on harassment; and
            (2) to include such questions as appropriate, with 
        sufficient protections of the privacy of respondents, in 
        relevant surveys conducted by the National Center for Science 
        and Engineering Statistics and other relevant entities.
    (e) Responsible Conduct Guide.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
        enactment of this Act, the Director shall enter into an 
        agreement with the National Academies to update the report 
        entitled ``On Being a Scientist: A Guide to Responsible Conduct 
        in Research'' issued by the National Academies. The report, as 
        so updated, shall include--
                    (A) updated professional standards of conduct in 
                research;
                    (B) standards of treatment individuals can expect 
                to receive under such updated standards of conduct;
                    (C) evidence-based practices for fostering a 
                climate intolerant of sexual harassment;
                    (D) methods, including bystander intervention, for 
                identifying and addressing incidents of sexual 
                harassment;
                    (E) professional standards for mentorship and 
                teaching with an emphasis on power diffusion mechanisms 
                and preventing sexual harassment;
                    (F) recommended vetting and hiring practices 
                scientific research entities are urged to implement to 
                eliminate serial harassers; and
                    (G) other topics as the National Academies 
                determines appropriate.
            (2) Recommendations.--In updating the report under 
        paragraph (1), the National Academies shall take into account 
        recommendations made in the report issued by the National 
        Academies in 2018 entitled ``Sexual Harassment of Women: 
        Climate, Culture, and Consequences in Academic Sciences, 
        Engineering, and Medicine'' and other relevant studies and 
        evidence.
            (3) Report.--Not later than 18 months after the effective 
        date of the agreement under paragraph (1), the National 
        Academies, as part of such agreement, shall submit to the 
        Director and the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of 
        the House of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, 
        Science, and Transportation of the Senate the report referred 
        to in such subsection, as updated pursuant to such subsection.
    (f) Policy Guidelines.--
            (1) Responsibilities of ostp.--The Director of the Office 
        of Science and Technology Policy, in coordination with the 
        working group on inclusion in STEM fields established under 
        section 308 of the American Innovation and Competitiveness Act 
        (42 U.S.C. 6626) and the Safe Inclusive Research Environments 
        Subcommittee of the National Science and Technology Council, 
        and in consultation with representatives from each Federal 
        science agency, the Department of Education, and the Equal 
        Employment Opportunity Commission, shall--
                    (A) not later than 90 days after the date of the 
                enactment of this Act, submit to the Committee on 
                Science, Space, and Technology of the House of 
                Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, 
                and Transportation of the Senate an inventory of 
                Federal science agency policies, procedures, and 
                resources dedicated to preventing and responding to 
                reports of sexual harassment;
                    (B) not later than 6 months after the date on which 
                the inventory is submitted under subparagraph (A)--
                            (i) in consultation with outside 
                        stakeholders, develop a set of policy 
                        guidelines for Federal science agencies; and
                            (ii) submit a report to the committees 
                        referred to in subparagraph (A) containing such 
                        guidelines;
                    (C) encourage Federal science agencies to develop 
                or maintain and implement policies based on the 
                guidelines developed under subparagraph (B);
                    (D) not later than 1 year after the date on which 
                the inventory under subparagraph (A) is submitted, and 
                every 5 years thereafter, the Director of the Office of 
                Science and Technology Policy shall report to Congress 
                on the implementation by Federal science agencies of 
                the policy guidelines developed under subparagraph (B); 
                and
                    (E) update such policy guidelines as needed.
            (2) Requirements.--
                    (A) In general.--In developing policy guidelines 
                under paragraph (1)(B), the Director of the Office of 
                Science and Technology Policy shall consider guidelines 
                that require, to the extent practicable--
                            (i) recipients to submit to the Federal 
                        science agency or agencies from which the 
                        recipients receive funding reports relating 
                        to--
                                    (I) any decision made to launch a 
                                formal investigation of sexual 
                                harassment by, or of, grant personnel; 
                                and
                                    (II) findings or determinations of 
                                sexual harassment by, or of, grant 
                                personnel, including the final 
                                disposition of a matter involving a 
                                violation of organizational policies 
                                and processes, to include the 
                                exhaustion of permissible appeals, or a 
                                conviction of a sexual offense in a 
                                criminal court of law;
                            (ii) the updating and sharing of reports of 
                        sexual harassment submitted under clause (i) 
                        with relevant Federal science agencies by 
                        agency request; and
                            (iii) consistency among relevant Federal 
                        agencies with regards to the policies and 
                        procedures for receiving reports submitted 
                        pursuant to clause (i).
                    (B) FERPA.--The Director of the Office of Science 
                and Technology Policy shall ensure that such guidelines 
                and requirements are consistent with the requirements 
                of section 444 of the General Education Provisions Act 
                (20 U.S.C. 1232g) (commonly referred to as the ``Family 
                Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974'').
                    (C) Privacy protections.--The Director of the 
                Office of Science and Technology Policy shall ensure 
                that such guidelines and requirements--
                            (i) do not infringe upon the privacy rights 
                        of individuals associated with reports 
                        submitted to Federal science agencies; and
                            (ii) do not require recipients to provide 
                        interim reports to Federal science agencies.
            (3) Considerations.--In developing policy guidelines under 
        paragraph (1)(B), the Director of the Office of Science and 
        Technology Policy shall consider protocols that require or 
        incent--
                    (A) recipients that receive funds from Federal 
                science agencies to periodically assess their 
                organizational climate, which may include the use of 
                climate surveys, focus groups, or exit interviews;
                    (B) recipients that receive funds from Federal 
                science agencies to publish on a publicly available 
                internet website the results of assessments conducted 
                pursuant to paragraph (1), disaggregated by gender and, 
                if possible, race, ethnicity, disability status, and 
                sexual orientation, and in a manner that does not 
                include personally identifiable information;
                    (C) recipients that receive funds from Federal 
                science agencies to make public on an annual basis the 
                number of determinations of sexual harassment at that 
                institution or organization;
                    (D) recipients that receive funds from Federal 
                science agencies to regularly assess and improve 
                policies, procedures, and interventions to reduce the 
                prevalence of and improve the reporting of sexual 
                harassment;
                    (E) each entity applying for Federal assistance 
                awards from a Federal science agency to have a code of 
                conduct for maintaining a healthy and welcoming 
                workplace for grant personnel posted on their public 
                website;
                    (F) each recipient that receives funds from Federal 
                science agencies to have in place mechanisms for the 
                re-integration of individuals who have experienced 
                sexual harassment; and
                    (G) recipients that receive funds from Federal 
                science agencies to work to create a climate intolerant 
                of sexual harassment and that values and promotes 
                diversity and inclusion.
            (4) Federal science agency implementation.--Each Federal 
        science agency shall--
                    (A) develop or maintain and implement policies with 
                respect to sexual harassment that are consistent with 
                policy guidelines under paragraph (1)(B) and that 
                protect the privacy of all parties involved in any 
                report and investigation of sexual harassment; and
                    (B) broadly disseminate such policies to current 
                and potential recipients of research grants awarded by 
                such agency.
    (g) National Academies Assessment.--Not later than 3 years after 
the date of enactment of this Act, the Director shall enter into an 
agreement with the National Academies to undertake a study and issue a 
report on the influence of sexual harassment in institutions of higher 
education on the career advancement of individuals in the scientific, 
engineering, technical, and mathematics workforce. The study shall 
assess--
            (1) the state of research on sexual harassment in such 
        workforce;
            (2) whether research demonstrates a decrease in the 
        prevalence of sexual harassment in such workforce;
            (3) the progress made with respect to implementing 
        recommendations promulgated in the National Academies consensus 
        study report entitled ``Sexual Harassment of Women: Climate, 
        Culture, and Consequences in Academic Sciences, Engineering, 
        and Medicine'';
            (4) where to focus future efforts with respect to 
        decreasing sexual harassment in such institutions, including 
        specific recommendations; and
            (5) other recommendations and issues, as the National 
        Academies determines appropriate.
    (h) Government Accountability Office Study.--Not later than 3 years 
after the date of enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of the 
United States shall--
            (1) complete a study that assesses the degree to which 
        Federal science agencies have implemented the policy guidelines 
        developed under subsection (f)(1)(B) and the effectiveness of 
        that implementation; and
            (2) submit a report to the Committee on Science, Space, and 
        Technology of the House of Representatives and the Committee on 
        Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate on the 
        results of such study, including recommendations on potential 
        changes to practices and policies to improve those guidelines 
        and that implementation.
    (i) Harassment on the Basis of Pregnancy Status.--The Director of 
the Office of Science and Technology Policy, in consultation with the 
Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, shall develop a definition of 
``harassment on the basis of pregnancy status'' for the purposes of 
carrying out this section.

                        TITLE VI--SPACE MATTERS

                         Subtitle A--SPACE Act

SEC. 601. SHORT TITLE.

    This subtitle may be cited as the ``Space Preservation and 
Conjunction Emergency Act of 2021'' or the ``SPACE Act''.

SEC. 602. SENSE OF CONGRESS.

    It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) the increasingly congested nature of the space 
        environment requires immediate action to address the threat of 
        collisions between spacecraft and orbital debris;
            (2) such collisions threaten the billions of dollars of 
        existing United States and allied spacecraft, including the 
        International Space Station, and endanger the future usability 
        of space;
            (3) the provision of accurate and timely notice to 
        commercial satellite operators with respect to potential 
        conjunctions enhances safety;
            (4) a 2020 National Academies for Public Administration 
        study identified the Department of Commerce as the preferred 
        Federal agency to manage, process, and disseminate space 
        situational awareness data to commercial satellite operators; 
        and
            (5) given the growing space economy, elevating the Office 
        of Space Commerce within the Department of Commerce may enhance 
        the ability of the Office of Space Commerce--
                    (A) to promote space safety through future space 
                situational awareness and space traffic management 
                efforts; and
                    (B) to coordinate with other Federal agencies and 
                foreign entities.

SEC. 603. DEFINITIONS.

    In this subtitle:
            (1) Center.--The term ``Center'' means a Center of 
        Excellence for Space Situational Awareness established under 
        section 605.
            (2) Institution of higher education.--The term 
        ``institution of higher education'' has the meaning given the 
        term in section 101 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
        U.S.C. 1001).
            (3) Orbital debris.--The term ``orbital debris'' means any 
        space object that--
                    (A) remains in orbit; and
                    (B) no longer serves any useful function or 
                purpose.
            (4) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary 
        of Commerce.
            (5) Space object.--The term ``space object'' means any 
        object launched into space or created in space by humans.
            (6) Space situational awareness.--The term ``space 
        situational awareness'' means--
                    (A) the identification and characterization of 
                space objects and orbital debris; and
                    (B) the understanding of the manner in which space 
                objects and orbital debris behave in space.

SEC. 604. SPACE SITUATIONAL AWARENESS DATA, INFORMATION, AND SERVICES: 
              PROVISION TO NON-UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT ENTITIES.

    (a) In General.--Chapter 507 of title 51, United States Code, is 
amended by adding at the end the following:
``Sec. 50704. Space situational awareness data, information, and 
              services: provision to non-United States Government 
              entities
    ``(a) Space Situational Awareness Program.--
            ``(1) Requirement.--Pursuant to the authority provided in 
        section 50702, the Director of Space Commerce, in coordination 
        with appropriate entities within the Department of Commerce and 
        the heads of other relevant Federal agencies--
                    ``(A) shall carry out a program to improve the 
                collection, processing, and dissemination of space 
                situational awareness data, information, and services;
                    ``(B) subject to paragraph (2), may provide such 
                data, information, and services to 1 or more eligible 
                entities described in subsection (b);
                    ``(C) may obtain such data, information, and 
                services from 1 or more such eligible entities; and
                    ``(D) not later than 180 days after the date of the 
                enactment of this section, shall obtain data or 
                services from 1 or more United States commercial 
                entities, to be stored in an open-architecture data 
                repository that uses commercially available cloud-based 
                computing platforms and other analytic or visualization 
                capabilities.
            ``(2) Type of information provided.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Data and information provided to 
                eligible entities under paragraph (1)(B) shall be 
                safety-related and unclassified.
                    ``(B) National security.--The Secretary of 
                Commerce, in consultation with the Secretary of Defense 
                and the heads of other relevant Federal agencies, shall 
                develop a policy to determine the type of information 
                that may be provided under paragraph (1) without 
                compromising the national security interests of the 
                United States.
    ``(b) Eligible Entity Described.--An eligible entity described in 
this subsection is any non-United States Government entity, including--
            ``(1) a State;
            ``(2) a political subdivision of a State;
            ``(3) a United States commercial entity;
            ``(4) the government of a foreign country; and
            ``(5) a foreign commercial entity.
    ``(c) Public Services.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary of Commerce shall 
        designate a basic level of space situational awareness data, 
        information, and services to be provided at no charge to 1 or 
        more eligible entities described in subsection (b), which shall 
        include public services, free of charge, such as--
                    ``(A) a public catalog of tracked space objects;
                    ``(B) emergency conjunction notifications; and
                    ``(C) any other data or services the Director of 
                Space Commerce considers appropriate.
            ``(2) Limitation.--The Secretary of Commerce may only 
        provide data or services under paragraph (1)(C) that compete 
        with products offered by United States commercial entities if 
        the provision of such data or services is required to address a 
        threat to space safety.
    ``(d) Advanced Services.--The Secretary of Commerce may undertake 
activities to promote the development of advanced space situational 
awareness data, information, and services to foster the growth of a 
global space safety industry.
    ``(e) Procedures.--The Secretary of Commerce shall establish 
procedures by which the authority under this section shall be carried 
out.
    ``(f) Immunity.--The United States, any agency or instrumentality 
thereof, and any individual, firm, corporation, or other person acting 
for the United States shall be immune from any suit in any court for 
any cause of action arising from the provision or receipt of space 
situational awareness data, information, or services, whether or not 
provided in accordance with this section, or any related action or 
omission.
``Sec. 50705. Authorization of appropriations
    ``There is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary of 
Commerce to carry out this chapter $15,000,000 for fiscal year 2021.''.
    (b) Technical and Conforming Amendment.--The table of sections for 
chapter 507 of title 51, United States Code, is amended by inserting 
after the item relating to section 50703 the following:

``50704. Space situational awareness data, information, and services: 
                            provision to non-United States Government 
                            entities.
``50705. Authorization of appropriations.''.

SEC. 605. CENTERS OF EXCELLENCE FOR SPACE SITUATIONAL AWARENESS.

    (a) In General.--Subject to appropriations, the Secretary shall 
award grants to eligible entities to establish 1 or more Centers of 
Excellence for Space Situational Awareness to advance scientific, 
technological, transdisciplinary, and policy research in space 
situational awareness.
    (b) Purposes.--Each Center shall--
            (1) conduct transdisciplinary research, development, and 
        demonstration projects related to detecting, tracking, 
        identifying, characterizing, modeling, and minimizing space 
        safety, security, and sustainability risks to improve--
                    (A) space situational awareness and the development 
                of open-architecture resources for improved space 
                safety, security, and sustainability;
                    (B) the unique identification, tracking, 
                classification, prediction, and modeling of orbital 
                debris and space objects;
                    (C) the monitoring, quantification, assessment, 
                modeling, and prediction of space operations and 
                environmental threats and hazards, including in space 
                collisions;
                    (D) peer exchange and documentation of evidence-
                based practices, policies, laws, and regulations 
                related to orbital debris mitigation and remediation; 
                and
                    (E) sharing, modeling, and curation of data related 
                to orbital debris, space objects, and the environment 
                of orbital debris and space objects;
            (2) conduct policy research related to space safety, 
        security, and sustainability so as to improve sharing of common 
        data and legal standards related to orbital debris;
            (3) leverage non-Federal sources of support to improve 
        space situational awareness and minimize space safety, 
        security, and sustainability risks; and
            (4) draw on commercial capabilities and data, as 
        appropriate.
    (c) Eligible Entities.--
            (1) In general.--To be eligible for a grant under this 
        section, an entity shall be a consortium led by--
                    (A) an institution of higher education; or
                    (B) a nonprofit organization.
            (2) Membership of consortium.--The consortium referred to 
        in paragraph (1) may include 1 or more--
                    (A) commercial entities;
                    (B) Federal laboratories, including Department of 
                Defense research laboratories; and
                    (C) other institutions of higher education or 
                nonprofit organizations.
    (d) Considerations.--In awarding grants under this section, the 
Secretary shall consider, at a minimum--
            (1) the potential of a proposed Center--
                    (A) to improve the science and technology of space 
                situational awareness; and
                    (B) to reduce the amount of space safety, security, 
                and sustainability risks; and
            (2) the commitment of financial support, advice, 
        participation, and other contributions from non-Federal 
        sources.
    (e) Grant Period.--A grant awarded under this section shall be 
awarded for a period of 5 years.
    (f) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $20,000,000.

Subtitle B--National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization 
                                  Act

SEC. 611. SHORT TITLE.

    This subtitle may be cited as the ``National Aeronautics and Space 
Administration Authorization Act of 2021''.

SEC. 612. DEFINITIONS.

    In this subtitle:
            (1) Administration.--The term ``Administration'' means the 
        National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
            (2) Administrator.--The term ``Administrator'' means the 
        Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space 
        Administration.
            (3) Appropriate committees of congress.--Except as 
        otherwise expressly provided, the term ``appropriate committees 
        of Congress'' means--
                    (A) the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
                Transportation of the Senate; and
                    (B) the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology 
                of the House of Representatives.
            (4) Cislunar space.--The term ``cislunar space'' means the 
        region of space beyond low-Earth orbit out to and including the 
        region around the surface of the Moon.
            (5) Deep space.--The term ``deep space'' means the region 
        of space beyond low-Earth orbit, including cislunar space.
            (6) Development cost.--The term ``development cost'' has 
        the meaning given the term in section 30104 of title 51, United 
        States Code.
            (7) ISS.--The term ``ISS'' means the International Space 
        Station.
            (8) ISS management entity.--The term ``ISS management 
        entity'' means the organization with which the Administrator 
        has entered into a cooperative agreement under section 504(a) 
        of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration 
        Authorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 18354(a)).
            (9) NASA.--The term ``NASA'' means the National Aeronautics 
        and Space Administration.
            (10) Orion.--The term ``Orion'' means the multipurpose crew 
        vehicle described in section 303 of the National Aeronautics 
        and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 
        18323).
            (11) OSTP.--The term ``OSTP'' means the Office of Science 
        and Technology Policy.
            (12) Space launch system.--The term ``Space Launch System'' 
        means the Space Launch System authorized under section 302 of 
        the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Act of 2010 
        (42 U.S.C. 18322).

                PART I--AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS

SEC. 613. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    There are authorized to be appropriated to the Administration for 
fiscal year 2021 $23,495,000,000 as follows:
            (1) For Exploration, $6,706,400,000.
            (2) For Space Operations, $3,988,200,000.
            (3) For Science, $7,274,700,000.
            (4) For Aeronautics, $828,700,000.
            (5) For Space Technology, $1,206,000,000.
            (6) For Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics 
        Engagement, $120,000,000.
            (7) For Safety, Security, and Mission Services, 
        $2,936,500,000.
            (8) For Construction and Environmental Compliance and 
        Restoration, $390,300,000.
            (9) For Inspector General, $44,200,000.

               PART II--HUMAN SPACEFLIGHT AND EXPLORATION

SEC. 614. COMPETITIVENESS WITHIN THE HUMAN LANDING SYSTEM PROGRAM.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) advances in space technology and space exploration 
        capabilities ensure the long-term technological preeminence, 
        economic competitiveness, STEM workforce development, and 
        national security of the United States;
            (2) the development of technologies that enable human 
        exploration of the lunar surface and other celestial bodies is 
        critical to the space industrial base of the United States;
            (3) commercial entities in the United States have made 
        significant investment and progress toward the development of 
        human-class lunar landers;
            (4) NASA developed the Artemis program--
                    (A) to fulfill the goal of landing United States 
                astronauts, including the first woman and the next man, 
                on the Moon; and
                    (B) to collaborate with commercial and 
                international partners to establish sustainable lunar 
                exploration by 2028;
            (5) in carrying out the Artemis program, the Administrator 
        should ensure that the entire Artemis program is inclusive and 
        representative of all people of the United States, including 
        women and minorities; and
            (6) maintaining multiple technically-credible providers 
        within NASA commercial programs is a best practice that reduces 
        programmatic risk.
    (b) Statement of Policy.--It shall be the policy of the United 
States--
            (1) to bolster the domestic space technology industrial 
        base, using existing tools and authorities, particularly in 
        areas central to competition between the United States and the 
        People's Republic of China; and
            (2) to mitigate threats and minimize challenges to the 
        superiority of the United States in space technology, including 
        lunar infrastructure and lander capabilities.
    (c) Human Landing System Program.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 30 days after the date of 
        the enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall maintain 
        competitiveness within the human landing system program by 
        funding design, development, testing, and evaluation for not 
        fewer than 2 entities.
            (2) Requirements.--In carrying out the human landing system 
        program referred to in paragraph (1), the Administrator shall, 
        to the extent practicable--
                    (A) encourage reusability and sustainability of 
                systems developed;
                    (B) offer existing capabilities and assets of NASA 
                centers to support such partnerships; and
                    (C) seek to foster a robust and diverse space 
                technology industrial base.
            (3) Briefing.--Not later than 60 days after the date of the 
        enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall provide to the 
        appropriate committees of Congress a briefing on the 
        implementation of paragraph (1).
            (4) Authorization of appropriations.--In addition to 
        amounts otherwise appropriated for the Artemis program, for 
        fiscal years 2021 through 2026, there is authorized to be 
        appropriated not less than $10,032,000,000 to NASA to carry out 
        the human landing system program.
    (d) Appropriate Committees of Congress Defined.--In this section, 
the term ``appropriate committees of Congress'' means--
            (1) the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation 
        and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate; and
            (2) the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology and the 
        Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives.

SEC. 615. SPACE LAUNCH SYSTEM CONFIGURATIONS.

    (a) Mobile Launch Platform.--The Administrator is authorized to 
maintain 2 operational mobile launch platforms to enable the launch of 
multiple configurations of the Space Launch System.
    (b) Exploration Upper Stage.--To meet the capability requirements 
under section 302(c)(2) of the National Aeronautics and Space 
Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 18322(c)(2)), the 
Administrator shall continue development of the Exploration Upper Stage 
for the Space Launch System with a scheduled availability sufficient 
for use on the third launch of the Space Launch System.
    (c) Briefing.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall brief the appropriate 
committees of Congress on the development and scheduled availability of 
the Exploration Upper Stage for the third launch of the Space Launch 
System.
    (d) Main Propulsion Test Article.--To meet the requirements under 
section 302(c)(3) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration 
Authorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 18322(c)(3)), the Administrator 
shall--
            (1) immediately on completion of the first full-duration 
        integrated core stage test of the Space Launch System, initiate 
        development of a main propulsion test article for the 
        integrated core stage propulsion elements of the Space Launch 
        System, consistent with cost and schedule constraints, 
        particularly for long-lead propulsion hardware needed for 
        flight;
            (2) not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment 
        of this Act, submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a 
        detailed plan for the development and operation of such main 
        propulsion test article; and
            (3) use existing capabilities of NASA centers for the 
        design, manufacture, and operation of the main propulsion test 
        article.

SEC. 616. ADVANCED SPACESUITS.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that next-
generation advanced spacesuits are a critical technology for human 
space exploration and use of low-Earth orbit, cislunar space, the 
surface of the Moon, and Mars.
    (b) Development Plan.--The Administrator shall establish a detailed 
plan for the development and manufacture of advanced spacesuits, 
consistent with the deep space exploration goals and timetables of 
NASA.
    (c) Diverse Astronaut Corps.--The Administrator shall ensure that 
spacesuits developed and manufactured after the date of the enactment 
of this Act are capable of accommodating a wide range of sizes of 
astronauts so as to meet the needs of the diverse NASA astronaut corps.
    (d) ISS Use.--Throughout the operational life of the ISS, the 
Administrator should fully use the ISS for testing advanced spacesuits.
    (e) Prior Investments.--
            (1) In general.--In developing an advanced spacesuit, the 
        Administrator shall, to the maximum extent practicable, partner 
        with industry-proven spacesuit design, development, and 
        manufacturing suppliers and leverage prior and existing 
        investments in advanced spacesuit technologies and existing 
        capabilities at NASA centers to maximize the benefits of such 
        investments and technologies.
            (2) Agreements with private entities.--In carrying out this 
        subsection, the Administrator may enter into 1 or more 
        agreements with 1 or more private entities for the manufacture 
        of advanced spacesuits, as the Administrator considers 
        appropriate.
    (f) Briefing.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, and semiannually thereafter until NASA procures 
advanced spacesuits under this section, the Administrator shall brief 
the appropriate committees of Congress on the development plan in 
subsection (b).

SEC. 617. ACQUISITION OF DOMESTIC SPACE TRANSPORTATION AND LOGISTICS 
              RESUPPLY SERVICES.

    (a) In General.--Except as provided in subsection (b), the 
Administrator shall not enter into any contract with a person or entity 
that proposes to use, or will use, a foreign launch provider for a 
commercial service to provide space transportation or logistics 
resupply for--
            (1) the ISS; or
            (2) any Government-owned or Government-funded platform in 
        Earth orbit or cislunar space, on the lunar surface, or 
        elsewhere in space.
    (b) Exception.--The Administrator may enter into a contract with a 
person or an entity that proposes to use, or will use, a foreign launch 
provider for a commercial service to carry out an activity described in 
subsection (a) if--
            (1) a domestic vehicle or service is unavailable; or
            (2) the launch vehicle or service is a contribution by a 
        partner to an international no-exchange-of-funds collaborative 
        effort.
    (c) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this section shall be 
construed to prohibit the Administrator from entering into 1 or more 
no-exchange-of-funds collaborative agreements with an international 
partner in support of the deep space exploration plan of NASA.

SEC. 618. ROCKET ENGINE TEST INFRASTRUCTURE.

    (a) In General.--The Administrator shall continue to carry out a 
program to modernize rocket propulsion test infrastructure at NASA 
facilities--
            (1) to increase capabilities;
            (2) to enhance safety;
            (3) to support propulsion development and testing; and
            (4) to foster the improvement of Government and commercial 
        space transportation and exploration.
    (b) Projects.--Projects funded under the program described in 
subsection (a) may include--
            (1) infrastructure and other facilities and systems 
        relating to rocket propulsion test stands and rocket propulsion 
        testing;
            (2) enhancements to test facility capacity and flexibility; 
        and
            (3) such other projects as the Administrator considers 
        appropriate to meet the goals described in that subsection.
    (c) Requirements.--In carrying out the program under subsection 
(a), the Administrator shall--
            (1) prioritize investments in projects that enhance test 
        and flight certification capabilities for large thrust-level 
        atmospheric and altitude engines and engine systems, and multi-
        engine integrated test capabilities;
            (2) continue to make underutilized test facilities 
        available for commercial use on a reimbursable basis; and
            (3) ensure that no project carried out under this program 
        adversely impacts, delays, or defers testing or other 
        activities associated with facilities used for Government 
        programs, including--
                    (A) the Space Launch System and the Exploration 
                Upper Stage of the Space Launch System;
                    (B) in-space propulsion to support exploration 
                missions; or
                    (C) nuclear propulsion testing.
    (d) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this section shall preclude a 
NASA program, including the Space Launch System and the Exploration 
Upper Stage of the Space Launch System, from using the modernized test 
infrastructure developed under this section.
    (e) Working Capital Fund Study.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
        the enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall submit to 
        the appropriate committees of Congress a report on the use of 
        the authority under section 30102 of title 51, United States 
        Code, to promote increased use of NASA rocket propulsion test 
        infrastructure for research, development, testing, and 
        evaluation activities by other Federal agencies, firms, 
        associations, corporations, and educational institutions.
            (2) Matters to be included.--The report required by 
        paragraph (1) shall include the following:
                    (A) An assessment of prior use, if any, of the 
                authority under section 30102 of title 51, United 
                States Code, to improve testing infrastructure.
                    (B) An analysis of any barrier to implementation of 
                such authority for the purpose of promoting increased 
                use of NASA rocket propulsion test infrastructure.

SEC. 619. PEARL RIVER MAINTENANCE.

    (a) In General.--The Administrator shall coordinate with the Chief 
of the Army Corps of Engineers to ensure the continued navigability of 
the Pearl River and Little Lake channels sufficient to support NASA 
barge operations surrounding Stennis Space Center and the Michoud 
Assembly Facility.
    (b) Report to Congress.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall submit to the 
appropriate committees of Congress a report on efforts under subsection 
(a).
    (c) Appropriate Committees of Congress Defined.--In this section, 
the term ``appropriate committees of Congress'' means--
            (1) the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, 
        the Committee on Environment and Public Works, and the 
        Committee on Appropriations of the Senate; and
            (2) the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, the 
        Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure, and the 
        Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives.

SEC. 620. VALUE OF INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION AND CAPABILITIES IN LOW-
              EARTH ORBIT.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) it is in the national and economic security interests 
        of the United States to maintain a continuous human presence in 
        low-Earth orbit;
            (2) low-Earth orbit should be used as a test bed to advance 
        human space exploration and scientific discoveries; and
            (3) the ISS is a critical component of economic, 
        commercial, and industrial development in low-Earth orbit.
    (b) Human Presence Requirement.--The United States shall 
continuously maintain the capability for a continuous human presence in 
low-Earth orbit through and beyond the useful life of the ISS.

SEC. 621. EXTENSION AND MODIFICATION RELATING TO INTERNATIONAL SPACE 
              STATION.

    (a) Policy.--Section 501(a) of the National Aeronautics and Space 
Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 18351(a)) is 
amended by striking ``2024'' and inserting ``2030''.
    (b) Maintenance of United States Segment and Assurance of Continued 
Operations.--Section 503(a) of the National Aeronautics and Space 
Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 18353(a)) is 
amended by striking ``September 30, 2024'' and inserting ``September 
30, 2030''.
    (c) Research Capacity Allocation and Integration of Research 
Payloads.--Section 504(d) of the National Aeronautics and Space 
Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 18354(d)) is 
amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1), in the first sentence--
                    (A) by striking ``As soon as practicable'' and all 
                that follows through ``2011,'' and inserting ``The''; 
                and
                    (B) by striking ``September 30, 2024'' and 
                inserting ``September 30, 2030''; and
            (2) in paragraph (2), in the third sentence, by striking 
        ``September 30, 2024'' and inserting ``September 30, 2030''.
    (d) Maintenance of Use.--Section 70907 of title 51, United States 
Code, is amended--
            (1) in the section heading, by striking ``2024'' and 
        inserting ``2030'';
            (2) in subsection (a), by striking ``September 30, 2024'' 
        and inserting ``September 30, 2030''; and
            (3) in subsection (b)(3), by striking ``September 30, 
        2024'' and inserting ``September 30, 2030''.
    (e) Transition Plan Reports.--Section 50111(c)(2) of title 51, 
United States Code is amended--
            (1) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by striking 
        ``2023'' and inserting ``2028''; and
            (2) in subparagraph (J), by striking ``2028'' and inserting 
        ``2030''.
    (f) Elimination of International Space Station National Laboratory 
Advisory Committee.--Section 70906 of title 51, United States Code, is 
repealed.
    (g) Conforming Amendments.--Chapter 709 of title 51, United States 
Code, is amended--
            (1) by redesignating section 70907 as section 70906; and
            (2) in the table of sections for the chapter, by striking 
        the items relating to sections 70906 and 70907 and inserting 
        the following:

``70906. Maintaining use through at least 2030.''.

SEC. 622. DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE ACTIVITIES ON INTERNATIONAL SPACE 
              STATION.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense shall--
            (1) identify and review each activity, program, and project 
        of the Department of Defense completed, being carried out, or 
        planned to be carried out on the ISS as of the date of the 
        review; and
            (2) provide to the appropriate committees of Congress a 
        briefing that describes the results of the review.
    (b) Appropriate Committees of Congress Defined.--In this section, 
the term ``appropriate committees of Congress'' means--
            (1) the Committee on Armed Services, the Committee on 
        Appropriations, and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
        Transportation of the Senate; and
            (2) the Committee on Armed Services, the Committee on 
        Appropriations, and the Committee on Science, Space, and 
        Technology of the House of Representatives.

SEC. 623. COMMERCIAL DEVELOPMENT IN LOW-EARTH ORBIT.

    (a) Statement of Policy.--It is the policy of the United States to 
encourage the development of a thriving and robust United States 
commercial sector in low-Earth orbit.
    (b) Preference for United States Commercial Products and 
Services.--The Administrator shall continue to increase the use of 
assets, products, and services of private entities in the United States 
to fulfill the low-Earth orbit requirements of the Administration.
    (c) Noncompetition.--
            (1) In general.--Except as provided in paragraph (2), the 
        Administrator may not offer to a foreign person or a foreign 
        government a spaceflight product or service relating to the 
        ISS, if a comparable spaceflight product or service, as 
        applicable, is offered by a private entity in the United 
        States.
            (2) Exception.--The Administrator may offer a spaceflight 
        product or service relating to the ISS to the government of a 
        country that is a signatory to the Agreement Among the 
        Government of Canada, Governments of Member States of the 
        European Space Agency, the Government of Japan, the Government 
        of the Russian Federation, and the Government of the United 
        States of America Concerning Cooperation on the Civil 
        International Space Station, signed at Washington January 29, 
        1998, and entered into force on March 27, 2001 (TIAS 12927), 
        including an international partner astronaut (as defined in 
        section 50902 of title 51, United States Code) that is 
        sponsored by the government of such a country.
    (d) Short-duration Commercial Missions.--To provide opportunities 
for additional transport of astronauts to the ISS and help establish a 
commercial market in low-Earth orbit, the Administrator may permit 
short-duration missions to the ISS for commercial passengers on a fully 
or partially reimbursable basis.
    (e) Program Authorization.--
            (1) Establishment.--The Administrator shall establish a 
        low-Earth orbit commercial development program to encourage the 
        fullest commercial use and development of space by private 
        entities in the United States.
            (2) Elements.--The program established under paragraph (1) 
        shall, to the maximum extent practicable, include activities--
                    (A) to stimulate demand for--
                            (i) space-based commercial research, 
                        development, and manufacturing;
                            (ii) spaceflight products and services; and
                            (iii) human spaceflight products and 
                        services in low-Earth orbit;
                    (B) to improve the capability of the ISS to 
                accommodate commercial users; and
                    (C) subject to paragraph (3), to foster the 
                development of commercial space stations and habitats.
            (3) Commercial space stations and habitats.--
                    (A) Priority.--With respect to an activity to 
                develop a commercial space station or habitat, the 
                Administrator shall give priority to an activity for 
                which a private entity provides a significant share of 
                the cost to develop and operate the activity.
                    (B) Report.--Not later than 30 days after the date 
                that an award or agreement is made to carry out an 
                activity to develop a commercial space station or 
                habitat, the Administrator shall submit to the 
                appropriate committees of Congress a report on the 
                development of the commercial space station or habitat, 
                as applicable, that includes--
                            (i) a business plan that describes the 
                        manner in which the project will--
                                    (I) meet the future requirements of 
                                NASA for low-Earth orbit human space-
                                flight services; and
                                    (II) fulfill the cost-share funding 
                                prioritization under subparagraph (A); 
                                and
                            (ii) a review of the viability of the 
                        operational business case, including--
                                    (I) the level of expected 
                                Government participation;
                                    (II) a list of anticipated 
                                nongovernmental an international 
                                customers and associated contributions; 
                                and
                                    (III) an assessment of long-term 
                                sustainability for the nongovernmental 
                                customers, including an independent 
                                assessment of the viability of the 
                                market for such commercial services or 
                                products.

SEC. 624. MAINTAINING A NATIONAL LABORATORY IN SPACE.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) the United States segment of the International Space 
        Station (as defined in section 70905 of title 51, United States 
        Code), which is designated as a national laboratory under 
        section 70905(b) of title 51, United States Code--
                    (A) benefits the scientific community and promotes 
                commerce in space;
                    (B) fosters stronger relationships among NASA and 
                other Federal agencies, the private sector, and 
                research groups and universities;
                    (C) advances science, technology, engineering, and 
                mathematics education through use of the unique 
                microgravity environment; and
                    (D) advances human knowledge and international 
                cooperation;
            (2) after the ISS is decommissioned, the United States 
        should maintain a national microgravity laboratory in space;
            (3) in maintaining a national microgravity laboratory in 
        space, the United States should make appropriate accommodations 
        for different types of ownership and operation arrangements for 
        the ISS and future space stations;
            (4) to the maximum extent practicable, a national 
        microgravity laboratory in space should be maintained in 
        cooperation with international space partners; and
            (5) NASA should continue to support fundamental science 
        research on future platforms in low-Earth orbit and cislunar 
        space, orbital and suborbital flights, drop towers, and other 
        microgravity testing environments.
    (b) Report.--The Administrator, in coordination with the National 
Space Council and other Federal agencies as the Administrator considers 
appropriate, shall issue a report detailing the feasibility of 
establishing a microgravity national laboratory federally funded 
research and development center to carry out activities relating to the 
study and use of in-space conditions.

SEC. 625. INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION NATIONAL LABORATORY; PROPERTY 
              RIGHTS IN INVENTIONS.

    (a) In General.--Subchapter III of chapter 201 of title 51, United 
States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following:
``Sec. 20150. Property rights in designated inventions
    ``(a) Exclusive Property Rights.--Notwithstanding section 3710a of 
title 15, chapter 18 of title 35, section 20135, or any other provision 
of law, a designated invention shall be the exclusive property of a 
user, and shall not be subject to a Government-purpose license, if--
            ``(1)(A) the Administration is reimbursed under the terms 
        of the contract for the full cost of a contribution by the 
        Federal Government of the use of Federal facilities, equipment, 
        materials, proprietary information of the Federal Government, 
        or services of a Federal employee during working hours, 
        including the cost for the Administration to carry out its 
        responsibilities under paragraphs (1) and (4) of section 504(d) 
        of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration 
        Authorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 18354(d));
            ``(B) Federal funds are not transferred to the user under 
        the contract; and
            ``(C) the designated invention was made (as defined in 
        section 20135(a))--
                    ``(i) solely by the user; or
                    ``(ii)(I) by the user with the services of a 
                Federal employee under the terms of the contract; and
                    ``(II) the Administration is reimbursed for such 
                services under subparagraph (B); or
            ``(2) the Administrator determines that the relevant field 
        of commercial endeavor is sufficiently immature that granting 
        exclusive property rights to the user is necessary to help 
        bolster demand for products and services produced on crewed or 
        crew-tended space stations.
    ``(b) Notification to Congress.--On completion of a determination 
made under paragraph (2), the Administrator shall submit to the 
appropriate committees of Congress a notification of the determination 
that includes a written justification.
    ``(c) Public Availability.--A determination or part of such 
determination under paragraph (1) shall be made available to the public 
on request, as required under section 552 of title 5, United States 
Code (commonly referred to as the `Freedom of Information Act').
    ``(d) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this section may be 
construed to affect the rights of the Federal Government, including 
property rights in inventions, under any contract, except in the case 
of a written contract with the Administration or the ISS management 
entity for the performance of a designated activity.
    ``(e) Definitions.--In this section--
            ``(1) Contract.--The term `contract' has the meaning giving 
        the term in section 20135(a).
            ``(2) Designated activity.--The term `designated activity' 
        means any non-NASA scientific use of the ISS national 
        laboratory as described in section 504 of the National 
        Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2010 
        (42 U.S.C. 18354).
            ``(3) Designated invention.--The term `designated 
        invention' means any invention, product, or service conceived 
        or first reduced to practice by any person in the performance 
        of a designated activity under a written contract with the 
        Administration or the ISS management entity.
            ``(4) Full cost.--The term `full cost' means the cost of 
        transporting materials or passengers to and from the ISS, 
        including any power needs, the disposal of mass, crew member 
        time, stowage, power on the ISS, data downlink, crew 
        consumables, and life support.
            ``(5) Government-purpose license.--The term `Government-
        purpose license' means the reservation by the Federal 
        Government of an irrevocable, nonexclusive, nontransferable, 
        royalty-free license for the use of an invention throughout the 
        world by or on behalf of the United States or any foreign 
        government pursuant to a treaty or agreement with the United 
        States.
            ``(6) ISS management entity.--The term `ISS management 
        entity' means the organization with which the Administrator 
        enters into a cooperative agreement under section 504(a) of the 
        National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act 
        of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 18354(a)).
            ``(7) User.--The term `user' means a person, including a 
        nonprofit organization or small business firm (as such terms 
        are defined in section 201 of title 35), or class of persons 
        that enters into a written contract with the Administration or 
        the ISS management entity for the performance of designated 
        activities.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--The table of sections for chapter 201 of 
title 51, United States Code, is amended by inserting after the item 
relating to section 20149 the following:

``20150. Property rights in designated inventions.''.

SEC. 626. DATA FIRST PRODUCED DURING NON-NASA SCIENTIFIC USE OF THE ISS 
              NATIONAL LABORATORY.

    (a) Data Rights.--Subchapter III of chapter 201 of title 51, United 
States Code, as amended by section 626, is further amended by adding at 
the end the following:
``Sec. 20151. Data rights
    ``(a) Non-NASA Scientific Use of the ISS National Laboratory.--The 
Federal Government may not use or reproduce, or disclose outside of the 
Government, any data first produced in the performance of a designated 
activity under a written contract with the Administration or the ISS 
management entity, unless--
            ``(1) otherwise agreed under the terms of the contract with 
        the Administration or the ISS management entity, as applicable;
            ``(2) the designated activity is carried out with Federal 
        funds;
            ``(3) disclosure is required by law;
            ``(4) the Federal Government has rights in the data under 
        another Federal contract, grant, cooperative agreement, or 
        other transaction; or
            ``(5) the data is--
                    ``(A) otherwise lawfully acquired or independently 
                developed by the Federal Government;
                    ``(B) related to the health and safety of personnel 
                on the ISS; or
                    ``(C) essential to the performance of work by the 
                ISS management entity or NASA personnel.
    ``(b) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Contract.--The term `contract' has the meaning given 
        the term under section 20135(a).
            ``(2) Data.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The term `data' means recorded 
                information, regardless of form or the media on which 
                it may be recorded.
                    ``(B) Inclusions.--The term `data' includes 
                technical data and computer software.
                    ``(C) Exclusions.--The term `data' does not include 
                information incidental to contract administration, such 
                as financial, administrative, cost or pricing, or 
                management information.
            ``(3) Designated activity.--The term `designated activity' 
        has the meaning given the term in section 20150.
            ``(4) ISS management entity.--The term `ISS management 
        entity' has the meaning given the term in section 20150.''.
    (b) Special Handling of Trade Secrets or Confidential 
Information.--Section 20131(b)(2) of title 51, United States Code, is 
amended to read as follows:
            ``(2) Information described.--
                    ``(A) Activities under agreement.--Information 
                referred to in paragraph (1) is information that--
                            ``(i) results from activities conducted 
                        under an agreement entered into under 
                        subsections (e) and (f) of section 20113; and
                            ``(ii) would be a trade secret or 
                        commercial or financial information that is 
                        privileged or confidential within the meaning 
                        of section 552(b)(4) of title 5 if the 
                        information had been obtained from a non-
                        Federal party participating in such an 
                        agreement.
                    ``(B) Certain data.--Information referred to in 
                paragraph (1) includes data (as defined in section 
                20151) that--
                            ``(i) was first produced by the 
                        Administration in the performance of any 
                        designated activity (as defined in section 
                        20150); and
                            ``(ii) would be a trade secret or 
                        commercial or financial information that is 
                        privileged or confidential within the meaning 
                        of section 552(b)(4) of title 5 if the data had 
                        been obtained from a non-Federal party.''.
    (c) Conforming Amendment.--The table of sections for chapter 201 of 
title 51, United States Code, as amended by section 626, is further 
amended by inserting after the item relating to section 20150 the 
following:

``20151. Data rights.''.

SEC. 627. PAYMENTS RECEIVED FOR COMMERCIAL SPACE-ENABLED PRODUCTION ON 
              THE ISS.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) the Administrator should determine a threshold for NASA 
        to recover the costs of supporting the commercial development 
        of products or services aboard the ISS, through the negotiation 
        of agreements, similar to agreements made by other Federal 
        agencies that support private sector innovation; and
            (2) the amount of such costs that to be recovered or 
        profits collected through such agreements should be applied by 
        the Administrator through a tiered process, taking into 
        consideration the relative maturity and profitability of the 
        applicable product or service.
    (b) In General.--Subchapter III of chapter 201 of title 51, United 
States Code, as amended by section 627, is further amended by adding at 
the end the following:
``Sec. 20152. Payments received for commercial space-enable production
    ``(a) Annual Review.--
            ``(1) In general.--Not later than one year after the date 
        of the enactment of this section, and annually thereafter, the 
        Administrator shall review the profitability of any partnership 
        with a private entity under a contract in which the 
        Administrator--
                    ``(A) permits the use of the ISS by such private 
                entities to produce a commercial product or service; 
                and
                    ``(B) provides the total unreimbursed cost of a 
                contribution by the Federal Government for the use of 
                Federal facilities, equipment, materials, proprietary 
                information of the Federal Government, or services of a 
                Federal employee during working hours, including the 
                cost for the Administration to carry out its 
                responsibilities under paragraphs (1) and (4) of 
                section 504(d) of the National Aeronautics and Space 
                Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 
                18354(d)).
            ``(2) Negotiation of reimbursements.--Subject to the review 
        described in paragraph (1), the Administrator shall seek to 
        enter into an agreement to negotiate reimbursements for 
        payments received, or portions of profits created, by any 
        mature, profitable private entity described in that paragraph, 
        as appropriate, through a tiered process that reflects the 
        profitability of the relevant product or service.
            ``(3) Use of funds.--Amounts received by the Administrator 
        in accordance with an agreement under paragraph (2) shall be 
        used by the Administrator in the following order of priority:
                    ``(A) To defray the operating cost of the ISS.
                    ``(B) To develop, implement, or operate future low-
                Earth orbit platforms or capabilities.
                    ``(C) To develop, implement, or operate future 
                human deep space platforms or capabilities.
                    ``(D) Any other costs the Administrator considers 
                appropriate.
            ``(4) Report.--On completion of the first annual review 
        under paragraph (1), and annually thereafter, the Administrator 
        shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a report 
        that includes a description of the results of the annual 
        review, any agreement entered into under this section, and the 
        amounts recouped or obtained under any such agreement.
    ``(b) Licensing and Assignment of Inventions.--Notwithstanding 
sections 3710a and 3710c of title 15 and any other provision of law, 
after payment in accordance with subsection (A)(i) of such section 
3710c(a)(1)(A)(i) to the inventors who have directly assigned to the 
Federal Government their interests in an invention under a written 
contract with the Administration or the ISS management entity for the 
performance of a designated activity, the balance of any royalty or 
other payment received by the Administrator or the ISS management 
entity from licensing and assignment of such invention shall be paid by 
the Administrator or the ISS management entity, as applicable, to the 
Space Exploration Fund.
    ``(c) Space Exploration Fund.--
            ``(1) Establishment.--There is established in the Treasury 
        of the United States a fund, to be known as the `Space 
        Exploration Fund' (referred to in this subsection as the 
        `Fund'), to be administered by the Administrator.
            ``(2) Use of fund.--The Fund shall be available to carry 
        out activities described in subsection (a)(3).
            ``(3) Deposits.--There shall be deposited in the Fund--
                    ``(A) amounts appropriated to the Fund;
                    ``(B) fees and royalties collected by the 
                Administrator or the ISS management entity under 
                subsections (a) and (b); and
                    ``(C) donations or contributions designated to 
                support authorized activities.
            ``(4) Rule of construction.--Amounts available to the 
        Administrator under this subsection shall be--
                    ``(A) in addition to amounts otherwise made 
                available for the purpose described in paragraph (2); 
                and
                    ``(B) available for a period of 5 years, to the 
                extent and in the amounts provided in annual 
                appropriation Acts.
    ``(d) Definitions.--
            ``(1) In general.--In this section, any term used in this 
        section that is also used in section 20150 shall have the 
        meaning given the term in that section.
            ``(2) Appropriate committees of congress.--The term 
        `appropriate committees of Congress' means--
                    ``(A) the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
                Transportation and the Committee on Appropriations of 
                the Senate; and
                    ``(B) the Committee on Science, Space, and 
                Technology and the Committee on Appropriations of the 
                House of Representatives.''.
    (c) Conforming Amendment.--The table of sections for chapter 201 of 
title 51, United States Code, as amended by section and 626, is further 
amended by inserting after the item relating to section 20151 the 
following:

``20152. Payments received for commercial space-enabled production.''.

SEC. 628. STEPPING STONE APPROACH TO EXPLORATION.

    (a) In General.--Section 70504 of title 51, United States Code, is 
amended to read as follows:
``Sec. 70504. Stepping stone approach to exploration
    ``(a) In General.--The Administrator, in sustainable steps, may 
conduct missions to intermediate destinations, such as the Moon, in 
accordance with section 20302(b), and on a timetable determined by the 
availability of funding, in order to achieve the objective of human 
exploration of Mars specified in section 202(b)(5) of the National 
Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (42 
U.S.C. 18312(b)(5)), if the Administrator--
            ``(1) determines that each such mission demonstrates or 
        advances a technology or operational concept that will enable 
        human missions to Mars; and
            ``(2) incorporates each such mission into the human 
        exploration roadmap under section 432 of the National 
        Aeronautics and Space Administration Transition Authorization 
        Act of 2017 (Public Law 115-10; 51 U.S.C. 20302 note).
    ``(b) Cislunar Space Exploration Activities.--In conducting a 
mission under subsection (a), the Administrator shall--
            ``(1) use a combination of launches of the Space Launch 
        System and space transportation services from United States 
        commercial providers, as appropriate, for the mission;
            ``(2) plan for not fewer than 1 Space Launch System launch 
        annually beginning after the first successful crewed launch of 
        Orion on the Space Launch System; and
            ``(3) establish an outpost in orbit around the Moon that--
                    ``(A) demonstrates technologies, systems, and 
                operational concepts directly applicable to the space 
                vehicle that will be used to transport humans to Mars;
                    ``(B) has the capability for periodic human 
                habitation; and
                    ``(C) can function as a point of departure, return, 
                or staging for Administration or nongovernmental or 
                international partner missions to multiple locations on 
                the lunar surface or other destinations.
    ``(c) Cost-effectiveness.--To maximize the cost-effectiveness of 
the long-term space exploration and utilization activities of the 
United States, the Administrator shall take all necessary steps, 
including engaging nongovernmental and international partners, to 
ensure that activities in the Administration's human space exploration 
program are balanced in order to help meet the requirements of future 
exploration and utilization activities leading to human habitation on 
the surface of Mars.
    ``(d) Completion.--Within budgetary considerations, once an 
exploration-related project enters its development phase, the 
Administrator shall seek, to the maximum extent practicable, to 
complete that project without undue delay.
    ``(e) International Participation.--To achieve the goal of 
successfully conducting a crewed mission to the surface of Mars, the 
Administrator shall invite the partners in the ISS program and other 
nations, as appropriate, to participate in an international initiative 
under the leadership of the United States.''.
    (b) Definition of Cislunar Space.--Section 10101 of title 51, 
United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following:
            ``(3) Cislunar space.--The term `cislunar space' means the 
        region of space beyond low-Earth orbit out to and including the 
        region around the surface of the Moon.''.
    (c) Technical and Conforming Amendments.--Section 3 of the National 
Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (42 
U.S.C. 18302) is amended by striking paragraphs (2) and (3) and 
inserting the following:
            ``(2) Appropriate committees of congress.--The term 
        `appropriate committees of Congress' means--
                    ``(A) the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
                Transportation of the Senate; and
                    ``(B) the Committee on Science, Space, and 
                Technology of the House of Representatives.
            ``(3) Cislunar space.--The term `cislunar space' means the 
        region of space beyond low-Earth orbit out to and including the 
        region around the surface of the Moon.''.

SEC. 629. TECHNICAL AMENDMENTS RELATING TO ARTEMIS MISSIONS.

    (a) Section 421 of the National Aeronautics and Space 
Administration Authorization Act of 2017 (Public Law 115-10; 51 U.S.C. 
20301 note) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (c)(3)--
                    (A) by striking ``EM-1'' and inserting ``Artemis 
                I'';
                    (B) by striking ``EM-2'' and inserting ``Artemis 
                II''; and
                    (C) by striking ``EM-3'' and inserting ``Artemis 
                III''; and
            (2) in subsection (f)(3), by striking ``EM-3'' and 
        inserting ``Artemis III''.
    (b) Section 432(b) of the National Aeronautics and Space 
Administration Authorization Act of 2017 (Public Law 115-10; 51 U.S.C. 
20302 note) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (3)(D)--
                    (A) by striking ``EM-1'' and inserting ``Artemis 
                I''; and
                    (B) by striking ``EM-2'' and inserting ``Artemis 
                II''; and
            (2) in paragraph (4)(C), by striking ``EM-3'' and inserting 
        ``Artemis III''.

                           PART III--SCIENCE

SEC. 631. SCIENCE PRIORITIES.

    (a) Sense of Congress on Science Portfolio.--Congress reaffirms the 
sense of Congress that--
            (1) a balanced and adequately funded set of activities, 
        consisting of research and analysis grant programs, technology 
        development, suborbital research activities, and small, medium, 
        and large space missions, contributes to a robust and 
        productive science program and serves as a catalyst for 
        innovation and discovery; and
            (2) the Administrator should set science priorities by 
        following the guidance provided by the scientific community 
        through the decadal surveys of the National Academies of 
        Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine.
    (b) National Academies Decadal Surveys.--Section 20305(c) of title 
51, United States Code, is amended--
            (1) by striking ``The Administrator shall'' and inserting 
        the following:
            ``(1) Reexamination of priorities by national academies.--
        The Administrator shall''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(2) Reexamination of priorities by administrator.--If the 
        Administrator decides to reexamine the applicability of the 
        priorities of the decadal surveys to the missions and 
        activities of the Administration due to scientific discoveries 
        or external factors, the Administrator shall consult with the 
        relevant committees of the National Academies.''.

SEC. 632. LUNAR DISCOVERY PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--The Administrator may carry out a program to 
conduct lunar science research, including missions to the surface of 
the Moon, that materially contributes to the objective described in 
section 20102(d)(1) of title 51, United States Code.
    (b) Commercial Landers.--In carrying out the program under 
subsection (a), the Administrator shall procure the services of 
commercial landers developed primarily by United States industry to 
land science payloads of all classes on the lunar surface.
    (c) Lunar Science Research.--The Administrator shall ensure that 
lunar science research carried out under subsection (a) is consistent 
with recommendations made by the National Academies of Sciences, 
Engineering, and Medicine.
    (d) Lunar Polar Volatiles.--In carrying out the program under 
subsection (a), the Administrator shall, at the earliest opportunity, 
consider mission proposals to evaluate the potential of lunar polar 
volatiles to contribute to sustainable lunar exploration.

SEC. 633. SEARCH FOR LIFE.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) the report entitled ``An Astrobiology Strategy for the 
        Search for Life in the Universe'' published by the National 
        Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine outlines the 
        key scientific questions and methods for fulfilling the 
        objective of NASA to search for the origin, evolution, 
        distribution, and future of life in the universe; and
            (2) the interaction of lifeforms with their environment, a 
        central focus of astrobiology research, is a topic of broad 
        significance to life sciences research in space and on Earth.
    (b) Program Continuation.--
            (1) In general.--The Administrator shall continue to 
        implement a collaborative, multidisciplinary science and 
        technology development program to search for proof of the 
        existence or historical existence of life beyond Earth in 
        support of the objective described in section 20102(d)(10) of 
        title 51, United States Code.
            (2) Element.--The program under paragraph (1) shall include 
        activities relating to astronomy, biology, geology, and 
        planetary science.
            (3) Coordination with life sciences program.--In carrying 
        out the program under paragraph (1), the Administrator shall 
        coordinate efforts with the life sciences program of the 
        Administration.
            (4) Technosignatures.--In carrying out the program under 
        paragraph (1), the Administrator shall support activities to 
        search for and analyze technosignatures.
            (5) Instrumentation and sensor technology.--In carrying out 
        the program under paragraph (1), the Administrator may 
        strategically invest in the development of new instrumentation 
        and sensor technology.

SEC. 634. JAMES WEBB SPACE TELESCOPE.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) the James Webb Space Telescope will be the next premier 
        observatory in space and has great potential to further 
        scientific study and assist scientists in making new 
        discoveries in the field of astronomy;
            (2) the James Webb Space Telescope was developed as an 
        ambitious project with a scope that was not fully defined at 
        inception and with risk that was not fully known or understood;
            (3) despite the major technology development and innovation 
        that was needed to construct the James Webb Space Telescope, 
        major negative impacts to the cost and schedule of the James 
        Webb Space Telescope resulted from poor program management and 
        poor contractor performance;
            (4) the Administrator should take into account the lessons 
        learned from the cost and schedule issues relating to the 
        development of the James Webb Space Telescope in making 
        decisions regarding the scope of and the technologies needed 
        for future scientific missions; and
            (5) in selecting future scientific missions, the 
        Administrator should take into account the impact that large 
        programs that overrun cost and schedule estimates may have on 
        other NASA programs in earlier phases of development.
    (b) Project Continuation.--The Administrator shall continue--
            (1) to closely track the cost and schedule performance of 
        the James Webb Space Telescope project; and
            (2) to improve the reliability of cost estimates and 
        contractor performance data throughout the remaining 
        development of the James Webb Space Telescope.
    (c) Revised Estimate.--Due to delays to the James Webb Space 
Telescope project resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic, the 
Administrator shall provide to Congress--
            (1) an estimate of any increase to program development 
        costs, if such costs are anticipated to exceed $8,802,700,000; 
        and
            (2) an estimate for a revised launch date.

SEC. 635. WIDE-FIELD INFRARED SURVEY TELESCOPE.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) major growth in the cost of astrophysics flagship-class 
        missions has impacted the overall portfolio balance of the 
        Science Mission Directorate; and
            (2) the Administrator should continue to develop the Wide-
        Field Infrared Survey Telescope with a development cost of not 
        more than $3,200,000,000.
    (b) Project Continuation.--The Administrator shall continue to 
develop the Wide-Field Infrared Survey Telescope to meet the objectives 
outlined in the 2010 decadal survey on astronomy and astrophysics of 
the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine in a 
manner that maximizes scientific productivity based on the resources 
invested.

SEC. 636. STUDY ON SATELLITE SERVICING FOR SCIENCE MISSIONS.

    (a) In General.--The Administrator shall conduct a study on the 
feasibility of using in-space robotic refueling, repair, or 
refurbishment capabilities to extend the useful life of telescopes and 
other science missions that are operational or in development as of the 
date of the enactment of this Act.
    (b) Elements.--The study conducted under subsection (a) shall 
include the following:
            (1) An identification of the technologies and in-space 
        testing required to demonstrate the in-space robotic refueling, 
        repair, or refurbishment capabilities described in that 
        subsection.
            (2) The projected cost of using such capabilities, 
        including the cost of extended operations for science missions 
        described in that subsection.
    (c) Briefing.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall provide to the 
appropriate committees of Congress a briefing on the results of the 
study conducted under subsection (a).
    (d) Public Availability.--Not later than 30 days after the 
Administrator provides the briefing under subsection (c), the 
Administrator shall make the study conducted under subsection (a) 
available to the public.

SEC. 637. EARTH SCIENCE MISSIONS AND PROGRAMS.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that the Earth 
Science Division of NASA plays an important role in national efforts--
            (1) to collect and use Earth observations in service to 
        society; and
            (2) to understand global change.
    (b) Earth Science Missions and Programs.--With respect to the 
missions and programs of the Earth Science Division, the Administrator 
shall, to the maximum extent practicable, follow the recommendations 
and guidance provided by the scientific community through the decadal 
survey for Earth science and applications from space of the National 
Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, including--
            (1) the science priorities described in such survey;
            (2) the execution of the series of existing or previously 
        planned observations (commonly known as the ``program of 
        record''); and
            (3) the development of a range of missions of all classes, 
        including opportunities for principal investigator-led, 
        competitively selected missions.

SEC. 638. LIFE SCIENCE AND PHYSICAL SCIENCE RESEARCH.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) the 2011 decadal survey on biological and physical 
        sciences in space identifies--
                    (A) many areas in which fundamental scientific 
                research is needed to efficiently advance the range of 
                human activities in space, from the first stages of 
                exploration to eventual economic development; and
                    (B) many areas of basic and applied scientific 
                research that could use the microgravity, radiation, 
                and other aspects of the spaceflight environment to 
                answer fundamental scientific questions;
            (2) given the central role of life science and physical 
        science research in developing the future of space exploration, 
        NASA should continue to invest strategically in such research 
        to maintain United States leadership in space exploration; and
            (3) such research remains important to the objectives of 
        NASA with respect to long-duration deep space human exploration 
        to the Moon and Mars.
    (b) Program Continuation.--
            (1) In general.--In support of the goals described in 
        section 20302 of title 51, United States Code, the 
        Administrator shall continue to implement a collaborative, 
        multidisciplinary life science and physical science fundamental 
        research program--
                    (A) to build a scientific foundation for the 
                exploration and development of space;
                    (B) to investigate the mechanisms of changes to 
                biological systems and physical systems, and the 
                environments of those systems in space, including the 
                effects of long-duration exposure to deep space-related 
                environmental factors on those systems;
                    (C) to understand the effects of combined deep 
                space radiation and altered gravity levels on 
                biological systems so as to inform the development and 
                testing of potential countermeasures;
                    (D) to understand physical phenomena in reduced 
                gravity that affect design and performance of enabling 
                technologies necessary for the space exploration 
                program;
                    (E) to provide scientific opportunities to educate, 
                train, and develop the next generation of researchers 
                and engineers; and
                    (F) to provide state-of-the-art data repositories 
                and curation of large multi-data sets to enable 
                comparative research analyses.
            (2) Elements.--The program under paragraph (1) shall--
                    (A) include fundamental research relating to life 
                science, space bioscience, and physical science; and
                    (B) maximize intra-agency and interagency 
                partnerships to advance space exploration, scientific 
                knowledge, and benefits to Earth.
            (3) Use of facilities.--In carrying out the program under 
        paragraph (1), the Administrator may use ground-based, air-
        based, and space-based facilities in low-Earth orbit and beyond 
        low-Earth orbit.

SEC. 639. SCIENCE MISSIONS TO MARS.

    (a) In General.--The Administrator shall conduct 1 or more science 
missions to Mars to enable the selection of 1 or more sites for human 
landing.
    (b) Sample Program.--The Administrator may carry out a program--
            (1) to collect samples from the surface of Mars; and
            (2) to return such samples to Earth for scientific 
        analysis.
    (c) Use of Existing Capabilities and Assets.--In carrying out this 
section, the Administrator shall, to the maximum extent practicable, 
use existing capabilities and assets of NASA centers.

SEC. 640. PLANETARY DEFENSE COORDINATION OFFICE.

    (a) Findings.--Congress makes the following findings:
            (1) Near-Earth objects remain a threat to the United 
        States.
            (2) Section 321(d)(1) of the National Aeronautics and Space 
        Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (Public Law 109-155; 
        119 Stat. 2922; 51 U.S.C. 71101 note prec.) established a 
        requirement that the Administrator plan, develop, and implement 
        a Near-Earth Object Survey program to detect, track, catalogue, 
        and characterize the physical characteristics of near-Earth 
        objects equal to or greater than 140 meters in diameter in 
        order to assess the threat of such near-Earth objects to the 
        Earth, with the goal of 90-percent completion of the catalogue 
        of such near-Earth objects by December 30, 2020.
            (3) The current planetary defense strategy of NASA 
        acknowledges that such goal will not be met.
            (4) The report of the National Academies of Sciences, 
        Engineering, and Medicine entitled ``Finding Hazardous 
        Asteroids Using Infrared and Visible Wavelength Telescopes'' 
        issued in 2019 states that--
                    (A) NASA cannot accomplish such goal with currently 
                available assets;
                    (B) NASA should develop and launch a dedicated 
                space-based infrared survey telescope to meet the 
                requirements of section 321(d)(1) of the National 
                Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act 
                of 2005 (Public Law 109-155; 119 Stat. 2922; 51 U.S.C. 
                71101 note prec.); and
                    (C) the early detection of potentially hazardous 
                near-Earth objects enabled by a space-based infrared 
                survey telescope is important to enable deflection of a 
                dangerous asteroid.
    (b) Establishment of Planetary Defense Coordination Office.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 90 days after the date of 
        the enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall establish an 
        office within the Planetary Science Division of the Science 
        Mission Directorate, to be known as the ``Planetary Defense 
        Coordination Office'', to plan, develop, and implement a 
        program to survey threats posed by near-Earth objects equal to 
        or greater than 140 meters in diameter, as required by section 
        321(d)(1) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration 
        Authorization Act of 2005 (Public Law 109-155; 119 Stat. 2922; 
        51 U.S.C. 71101 note prec.).
            (2) Activities.--The Administrator shall--
                    (A) develop and, not later than September 30, 2025, 
                launch a space-based infrared survey telescope that is 
                capable of detecting near-Earth objects equal to or 
                greater than 140 meters in diameter, with preference 
                given to planetary missions selected by the 
                Administrator as of the date of the enactment of this 
                Act to pursue concept design studies relating to the 
                development of a space-based infrared survey telescope;
                    (B) identify, track, and characterize potentially 
                hazardous near-Earth objects and issue warnings of the 
                effects of potential impacts of such objects; and
                    (C) assist in coordinating Government planning for 
                response to a potential impact of a near-Earth object.
    (c) Annual Report.--Section 321(f) of the National Aeronautics and 
Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (Public Law 109-155; 119 
Stat. 2922; 51 U.S.C. 71101 note prec.) is amended to read as follows:
    ``(f) Annual Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration 
Authorization Act of 2021, and annually thereafter through 90-percent 
completion of the catalogue required by subsection (d)(1), the 
Administrator shall submit to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
Transportation of the Senate and the Committee on Science, Space, and 
Technology of the House of Representatives a report that includes the 
following:
            ``(1) A summary of all activities carried out by the 
        Planetary Defense Coordination Office established under section 
        640(b)(1) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration 
        Authorization Act of 2021 since the date of enactment of that 
        Act.
            ``(2) A description of the progress with respect to the 
        design, development, and launch of the space-based infrared 
        survey telescope required by section 640 (b)(2)(A) of the 
        National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act 
        of 2021 .
            ``(3) An assessment of the progress toward meeting the 
        requirements of subsection (d)(1).
            ``(4) A description of the status of efforts to coordinate 
        planetary defense activities in response to a threat posed by a 
        near-Earth object with other Federal agencies since the date of 
        enactment of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration 
        Authorization Act of 2021 .
            ``(5) A description of the status of efforts to coordinate 
        and cooperate with other countries to discover hazardous 
        asteroids and comets, plan a mitigation strategy, and implement 
        that strategy in the event of the discovery of an object on a 
        likely collision course with Earth.
            ``(6) A summary of expenditures for all activities carried 
        out by the Planetary Defense Coordination Office since the date 
        of enactment of the National Aeronautics and Space 
        Administration Authorization Act of 2021.''.
    (d) Limitation on Use of Funds.--None of the amounts authorized to 
be appropriated by this subtitle for a fiscal year may be obligated or 
expended for the Office of the Administrator during the last 3 months 
of that fiscal year unless the Administrator submits the report for 
that fiscal year required by section 321(f) of the National Aeronautics 
and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (Public Law 109-155; 
119 Stat. 2922; 51 U.S.C. 71101 note prec.).
    (e) Near-Earth Object Defined.--In this section, the term ``near-
Earth object'' means an asteroid or comet with a perihelion distance of 
less than 1.3 Astronomical Units from the Sun.

SEC. 641. SUBORBITAL SCIENCE FLIGHTS.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that 
commercially available suborbital flight platforms enable low-cost 
access to a microgravity environment to advance science and train 
scientists and engineers under the Suborbital Research Program 
established under section 802(c) of the National Aeronautics and Space 
Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 18382(c)).
    (b) Report.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 270 days after the date of 
        the enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall submit to 
        the appropriate committees of Congress a report evaluating the 
        manner in which suborbital flight platforms can contribute to 
        meeting the science objectives of NASA for the Science Mission 
        Directorate and the Human Exploration and Operations Mission 
        Directorate.
            (2) Contents.--The report required by paragraph (1) shall 
        include the following:
                    (A) An assessment of the advantages of suborbital 
                flight platforms to meet science objectives.
                    (B) An evaluation of the challenges to greater use 
                of commercial suborbital flight platforms for science 
                purposes.
                    (C) An analysis of whether commercial suborbital 
                flight platforms can provide low-cost flight 
                opportunities to test lunar and Mars science payloads.

SEC. 642. EARTH SCIENCE DATA AND OBSERVATIONS.

    (a) In General.--The Administrator shall to the maximum extent 
practicable, make available to the public in an easily accessible 
electronic database all data (including metadata, documentation, 
models, data processing methods, images, and research results) of the 
missions and programs of the Earth Science Division of the 
Administration, or any successor division.
    (b) Open Data Program.--In carrying out subsection (a), the 
Administrator shall establish and continue to operate an open data 
program that--
            (1) is consistent with the greatest degree of 
        interactivity, interoperability, and accessibility; and
            (2) enables outside communities, including the research and 
        applications community, private industry, academia, and the 
        general public, to effectively collaborate in areas important 
        to--
                    (A) studying the Earth system and improving the 
                prediction of Earth system change; and
                    (B) improving model development, data assimilation 
                techniques, systems architecture integration, and 
                computational efficiencies; and
            (3) meets basic end-user requirements for running on public 
        computers and networks located outside of secure Administration 
        information and technology systems.
    (c) Hosting.--The program under subsection (b) shall use, as 
appropriate and cost-effective, innovative strategies and methods for 
hosting and management of part or all of the program, including cloud-
based computing capabilities.
    (d) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this section shall be 
interpreted to require the Administrator to release classified, 
proprietary, or otherwise restricted information that would be harmful 
to the national security of the United States.

SEC. 643. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON SMALL SATELLITE SCIENCE.

    It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) small satellites--
                    (A) are increasingly robust, effective, and 
                affordable platforms for carrying out space science 
                missions;
                    (B) can work in tandem with or augment larger NASA 
                spacecraft to support high-priority science missions of 
                NASA; and
                    (C) are cost effective solutions that may allow 
                NASA to continue collecting legacy observations while 
                developing next-generation science missions; and
            (2) NASA should continue to support small satellite 
        research, development, technologies, and programs, including 
        technologies for compact and lightweight instrumentation for 
        small satellites.

SEC. 644. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON COMMERCIAL SPACE SERVICES.

    It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) the Administration should explore partnerships with the 
        commercial space industry for space science missions in and 
        beyond Earth orbit, including partnerships relating to payload 
        and instrument hosting and commercially available datasets; and
            (2) such partnerships could result in increased mission 
        cadence, technology advancement, and cost savings for the 
        Administration.

SEC. 645. PROCEDURES FOR IDENTIFYING AND ADDRESSING ALLEGED VIOLATIONS 
              OF SCIENTIFIC INTEGRITY POLICY.

    Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this 
Act, the Administrator shall develop and document procedures for 
identifying and addressing alleged violations of the scientific 
integrity policy of NASA.

                          PART IV--AERONAUTICS

SEC. 646. SHORT TITLE.

    This part may be cited as the ``Aeronautics Innovation Act''.

SEC. 647. DEFINITIONS.

    In this part:
            (1) Aeronautics strategic implementation plan.--The term 
        ``Aeronautics Strategic Implementation Plan'' means the 
        Aeronautics Strategic Implementation Plan issued by the 
        Aeronautics Research Mission Directorate.
            (2) Unmanned aircraft; unmanned aircraft system.--The terms 
        ``unmanned aircraft'' and ``unmanned aircraft system'' have the 
        meanings given those terms in section 44801 of title 49, United 
        States Code.
            (3) X-plane.--The term ``X-plane'' means an experimental 
        aircraft that is--
                    (A) used to test and evaluate a new technology or 
                aerodynamic concept; and
                    (B) operated by NASA or the Department of Defense.

SEC. 648. EXPERIMENTAL AIRCRAFT PROJECTS.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) developing high-risk, precompetitive aerospace 
        technologies for which there is not yet a profit rationale is a 
        fundamental role of NASA;
            (2) large-scale piloted flight test experimentation and 
        validation are necessary for--
                    (A) transitioning new technologies and materials, 
                including associated manufacturing processes, for 
                general aviation, commercial aviation, and military 
                aeronautics use; and
                    (B) capturing the full extent of benefits from 
                investments made by the Aeronautics Research Mission 
                Directorate in priority programs called for in--
                            (i) the National Aeronautics Research and 
                        Development Plan issued by the National Science 
                        and Technology Council in February 2010;
                            (ii) the NASA 2014 Strategic Plan;
                            (iii) the Aeronautics Strategic 
                        Implementation Plan; and
                            (iv) any updates to the programs called for 
                        in the plans described in clauses (i) through 
                        (iii);
            (3) a level of funding that adequately supports large-scale 
        piloted flight test experimentation and validation, including 
        related infrastructure, should be ensured over a sustained 
        period of time to restore the capacity of NASA--
                    (A) to see legacy priority programs through to 
                completion; and
                    (B) to achieve national economic and security 
                objectives; and
            (4) NASA should not be directly involved in the Type 
        Certification of aircraft for current and future scheduled 
        commercial air service under part 121 or 135 of title 14, Code 
        of Federal Regulations, that would result in reductions in crew 
        augmentation or single pilot or autonomously operated aircraft.
    (b) Statement of Policy.--It is the policy of the United States--
            (1) to maintain world leadership in--
                    (A) military and civilian aeronautical science and 
                technology;
                    (B) global air power projection; and
                    (C) aerospace industrialization; and
            (2) to maintain as a fundamental objective of NASA 
        aeronautics research the steady progression and expansion of 
        flight research and capabilities, including the science and 
        technology of critical underlying disciplines and competencies, 
        such as--
                    (A) computational-based analytical and predictive 
                tools and methodologies;
                    (B) aerothermodynamics;
                    (C) propulsion;
                    (D) advanced materials and manufacturing processes;
                    (E) high-temperature structures and materials; and
                    (F) guidance, navigation, and flight controls.
    (c) Establishment and Continuation of X-plane Projects.--
            (1) In general.--The Administrator shall establish or 
        continue to implement, in a manner that is consistent with the 
        roadmap for supersonic aeronautics research and development 
        required by section 604(b) of the National Aeronautics and 
        Space Administration Transition Authorization Act of 2017 
        (Public Law 115-10; 131 Stat. 55), the following projects:
                    (A) A low-boom supersonic aircraft project to 
                demonstrate supersonic aircraft designs and 
                technologies that--
                            (i) reduce sonic boom noise; and
                            (ii) assist the Administrator of the 
                        Federal Aviation Administration in enabling--
                                    (I) the safe commercial deployment 
                                of civil supersonic aircraft 
                                technology; and
                                    (II) the safe and efficient 
                                operation of civil supersonic aircraft.
                    (B) A subsonic flight demonstrator aircraft project 
                to advance high-aspect-ratio, thin-wing aircraft 
                designs and to integrate propulsion, composites, and 
                other technologies that enable significant increases in 
                energy efficiency and reduced life-cycle emissions in 
                the aviation system while reducing noise and emissions.
                    (C) A series of large-scale X-plane demonstrators 
                that are--
                            (i) developed sequentially or in parallel; 
                        and
                            (ii) each based on a set of new 
                        configuration concepts or technologies 
                        determined by the Administrator to 
                        demonstrate--
                                    (I) aircraft and propulsion 
                                concepts and technologies and related 
                                advances in alternative propulsion and 
                                energy; and
                                    (II) flight propulsion concepts and 
                                technologies.
            (2) Elements.--For each project under paragraph (1), the 
        Administrator shall--
                    (A) include the development of X-planes and all 
                necessary supporting flight test assets;
                    (B) pursue a robust technology maturation and 
                flight test validation effort;
                    (C) improve necessary facilities, flight testing 
                capabilities, and computational tools to support the 
                project;
                    (D) award any primary contracts for design, 
                procurement, and manufacturing to United States 
                persons, consistent with international obligations and 
                commitments;
                    (E) coordinate research and flight test 
                demonstration activities with other Federal agencies 
                and the United States aviation community, as the 
                Administrator considers appropriate; and
                    (F) ensure that the project is aligned with the 
                Aeronautics Strategic Implementation Plan and any 
                updates to the Aeronautics Strategic Implementation 
                Plan.
            (3) United states person defined.--In this subsection, the 
        term ``United States person'' means--
                    (A) a United States citizen or an alien lawfully 
                admitted for permanent residence to the United States; 
                or
                    (B) an entity organized under the laws of the 
                United States or of any jurisdiction within the United 
                States, including a foreign branch of such an entity.
    (d) Advanced Materials and Manufacturing Technology Program.--
            (1) In general.--The Administrator may establish an 
        advanced materials and manufacturing technology program--
                    (A) to develop--
                            (i) new materials, including composite and 
                        high-temperature materials, from base material 
                        formulation through full-scale structural 
                        validation and manufacture;
                            (ii) advanced materials and manufacturing 
                        processes, including additive manufacturing, to 
                        reduce the cost of manufacturing scale-up and 
                        certification for use in general aviation, 
                        commercial aviation, and military aeronautics; 
                        and
                            (iii) noninvasive or nondestructive 
                        techniques for testing or evaluating aviation 
                        and aeronautics structures, including for 
                        materials and manufacturing processes;
                    (B) to reduce the time it takes to design, 
                industrialize, and certify advanced materials and 
                manufacturing processes;
                    (C) to provide education and training opportunities 
                for the aerospace workforce; and
                    (D) to address global cost and human capital 
                competitiveness for United States aeronautical 
                industries and technological leadership in advanced 
                materials and manufacturing technology.
            (2) Elements.--In carrying out a program under paragraph 
        (1), the Administrator shall--
                    (A) build on work that was carried out by the 
                Advanced Composites Project of NASA;
                    (B) partner with the private and academic sectors, 
                such as members of the Advanced Composites Consortium 
                of NASA, the Joint Advanced Materials and Structures 
                Center of Excellence of the Federal Aviation 
                Administration, the Manufacturing USA institutes of the 
                Department of Commerce, and national laboratories, as 
                the Administrator considers appropriate;
                    (C) provide a structure for managing intellectual 
                property generated by the program based on or 
                consistent with the structure established for the 
                Advanced Composites Consortium of NASA;
                    (D) ensure adequate Federal cost share for 
                applicable research; and
                    (E) coordinate with advanced manufacturing and 
                composites initiatives in other mission directorates of 
                NASA, as the Administrator considers appropriate.
    (e) Research Partnerships.--In carrying out the projects under 
subsection (c) and a program under subsection (d), the Administrator 
may engage in cooperative research programs with--
            (1) academia; and
            (2) commercial aviation and aerospace manufacturers.

SEC. 649. UNMANNED AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS.

    (a) Unmanned Aircraft Systems Operation Program.--The Administrator 
shall--
            (1) research and test capabilities and concepts, including 
        unmanned aircraft systems communications, for integrating 
        unmanned aircraft systems into the national airspace system;
            (2) leverage the partnership NASA has with industry focused 
        on the advancement of technologies for future air traffic 
        management systems for unmanned aircraft systems; and
            (3) continue to align the research and testing portfolio of 
        NASA to inform the integration of unmanned aircraft systems 
        into the national airspace system, consistent with public 
        safety and national security objectives.
    (b) Sense of Congress on Coordination With Federal Aviation 
Administration.--It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) NASA should continue--
                    (A) to coordinate with the Federal Aviation 
                Administration on research on air traffic management 
                systems for unmanned aircraft systems; and
                    (B) to assist the Federal Aviation Administration 
                in the integration of air traffic management systems 
                for unmanned aircraft systems into the national 
                airspace system; and
            (2) the test ranges (as defined in section 44801 of title 
        49, United States Code) should continue to be leveraged for 
        research on--
                    (A) air traffic management systems for unmanned 
                aircraft systems; and
                    (B) the integration of such systems into the 
                national airspace system.

SEC. 650. 21ST CENTURY AERONAUTICS CAPABILITIES INITIATIVE.

    (a) In General.--The Administrator may establish an initiative, to 
be known as the ``21st Century Aeronautics Capabilities Initiative'', 
within the Construction and Environmental Compliance and Restoration 
Account, to ensure that NASA possesses the infrastructure and 
capabilities necessary to conduct proposed flight demonstration 
projects across the range of NASA aeronautics interests.
    (b) Activities.--In carrying out the 21st Century Aeronautics 
Capabilities Initiative, the Administrator may carry out the following 
activities:
            (1) Any investments the Administrator considers necessary 
        to upgrade and create facilities for civil and national 
        security aeronautics research to support advancements in--
                    (A) long-term foundational science and technology;
                    (B) advanced aircraft systems;
                    (C) air traffic management systems;
                    (D) fuel efficiency;
                    (E) electric propulsion technologies;
                    (F) system-wide safety assurance;
                    (G) autonomous aviation; and
                    (H) supersonic and hypersonic aircraft design and 
                development.
            (2) Any measures the Administrator considers necessary to 
        support flight testing activities, including--
                    (A) continuous refinement and development of free-
                flight test techniques and methodologies;
                    (B) upgrades and improvements to real-time tracking 
                and data acquisition; and
                    (C) such other measures relating to aeronautics 
                research support and modernization as the Administrator 
                considers appropriate to carry out the scientific study 
                of the problems of flight, with a view to practical 
                solutions for such problems.

SEC. 651. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON ON-DEMAND AIR TRANSPORTATION.

    It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) greater use of high-speed air transportation, small 
        airports, helipads, vertical flight infrastructure, and other 
        aviation-related infrastructure can alleviate surface 
        transportation congestion and support economic growth within 
        cities;
            (2) with respect to urban air mobility and related 
        concepts, NASA should continue--
                    (A) to conduct research focused on concepts, 
                technologies, and design tools; and
                    (B) to support the evaluation of advanced 
                technologies and operational concepts that can be 
                leveraged by--
                            (i) industry to develop future vehicles and 
                        systems; and
                            (ii) the Federal Aviation Administration to 
                        support vehicle safety and operational 
                        certification; and
            (3) NASA should leverage ongoing efforts to develop 
        advanced technologies to actively support the research needed 
        for on-demand air transportation.

SEC. 652. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON HYPERSONIC TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH.

    It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) hypersonic technology is critical to the development of 
        advanced high-speed aerospace vehicles for both civilian and 
        national security purposes;
            (2) for hypersonic vehicles to be realized, research is 
        needed to overcome technical challenges, including in 
        propulsion, advanced materials, and flight performance in a 
        severe environment;
            (3) NASA plays a critical role in supporting fundamental 
        hypersonic research focused on system design, analysis and 
        validation, and propulsion technologies;
            (4) NASA research efforts in hypersonic technology should 
        complement research supported by the Department of Defense to 
        the maximum extent practicable, since contributions from both 
        agencies working in partnership with universities and industry 
        are necessary to overcome key technical challenges;
            (5) previous coordinated research programs between NASA and 
        the Department of Defense enabled important progress on 
        hypersonic technology;
            (6) the commercial sector could provide flight platforms 
        and other capabilities that are able to host and support NASA 
        hypersonic technology research projects; and
            (7) in carrying out hypersonic technology research 
        projects, the Administrator should--
                    (A) focus research and development efforts on high-
                speed propulsion systems, reusable vehicle 
                technologies, high-temperature materials, and systems 
                analysis;
                    (B) coordinate with the Department of Defense to 
                prevent duplication of efforts and of investments;
                    (C) include partnerships with universities and 
                industry to accomplish research goals; and
                    (D) maximize public-private use of commercially 
                available platforms for hosting research and 
                development flight projects.

                        PART V--SPACE TECHNOLOGY

SEC. 653. SPACE TECHNOLOGY MISSION DIRECTORATE.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that an 
independent Space Technology Mission Directorate is critical to 
ensuring continued investments in the development of technologies for 
missions across the portfolio of NASA, including science, aeronautics, 
and human exploration.
    (b) Space Technology Mission Directorate.--The Administrator shall 
maintain a Space Technology Mission Directorate consistent with section 
702 of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Transition 
Authorization Act of 2017 (51 U.S.C. 20301 note).

SEC. 654. FLIGHT OPPORTUNITIES PROGRAM.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that the 
Administrator should provide flight opportunities for payloads to 
microgravity environments and suborbital altitudes as required by 
section 907(c) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration 
Authorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 18405(c)), as amended by 
subsection (b).
    (b) Establishment.--Section 907(c) of the National Aeronautics and 
Space Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 18405(c)) is 
amended to read as follows:
    ``(c) Establishment.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Administrator shall establish a 
        Commercial Reusable Suborbital Research Program within the 
        Space Technology Mission Directorate to fund--
                    ``(A) the development of payloads for scientific 
                research, technology development, and education;
                    ``(B) flight opportunities for those payloads to 
                microgravity environments and suborbital altitudes; and
                    ``(C) transition of those payloads to orbital 
                opportunities.
            ``(2) Commercial reusable vehicle flights.--In carrying out 
        the Commercial Reusable Suborbital Research Program, the 
        Administrator may fund engineering and integration 
        demonstrations, proofs of concept, and educational experiments 
        for flights of commercial reusable vehicles.
            ``(3) Commercial suborbital launch vehicles.--In carrying 
        out the Commercial Reusable Suborbital Research Program, the 
        Administrator may not fund the development of new commercial 
        suborbital launch vehicles.
            ``(4) Working with mission directorates.--In carrying out 
        the Commercial Reusable Suborbital Research Program, the 
        Administrator shall work with the mission directorates of NASA 
        to achieve the research, technology, and education goals of 
        NASA.''.
    (c) Conforming Amendment.--Section 907(b) of the National 
Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (42 
U.S.C. 18405(b)) is amended, in the first sentence, by striking 
``Commercial Reusable Suborbital Research Program in'' and inserting 
``Commercial Reusable Suborbital Research Program established under 
subsection (c)(1) within''.

SEC. 655. SMALL SPACECRAFT TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that the Small 
Spacecraft Technology Program is important for conducting science and 
technology validation for--
            (1) short- and long-duration missions in low-Earth orbit;
            (2) deep space missions; and
            (3) deorbiting capabilities designed specifically for 
        smaller spacecraft.
    (b) Accommodation of Certain Payloads.--In carrying out the Small 
Spacecraft Technology Program, the Administrator shall, as the mission 
risk posture and technology development objectives allow, accommodate 
science payloads that further the goal of long-term human exploration 
to the Moon and Mars.

SEC. 656. NUCLEAR PROPULSION TECHNOLOGY.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that nuclear 
propulsion is critical to the development of advanced spacecraft for 
civilian and national defense purposes.
    (b) Development; Studies.--The Administrator shall, in coordination 
with the Secretary of Energy and the Secretary of Defense--
            (1) continue to develop the fuel element design for NASA 
        nuclear propulsion technology;
            (2) undertake the systems feasibility studies for such 
        technology; and
            (3) partner with members of commercial industry to conduct 
        studies on such technology.
    (c) Nuclear Propulsion Technology Demonstration.--
            (1) Determination; report.--Not later than December 31, 
        2022, the Administrator shall--
                    (A) determine the correct approach for conducting a 
                flight demonstration of nuclear propulsion technology; 
                and
                    (B) submit to Congress a report on a plan for such 
                a demonstration.
            (2) Demonstration.--Not later than December 31, 2026, the 
        Administrator shall conduct the flight demonstration described 
        in paragraph (1).

SEC. 657. MARS-FORWARD TECHNOLOGIES.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that the 
Administrator should pursue multiple technical paths for entry, 
descent, and landing for Mars, including competitively selected 
technology demonstration missions.
    (b) Prioritization of Long-lead Technologies and Systems.--The 
Administrator shall prioritize, within the Space Technology Mission 
Directorate, research, testing, and development of long-lead 
technologies and systems for Mars, including technologies and systems 
relating to--
            (1) entry, descent, and landing; and
            (2) in-space propulsion, including nuclear propulsion, 
        cryogenic fluid management, in-situ large-scale additive 
        manufacturing, and electric propulsion (including solar 
        electric propulsion leveraging lessons learned from the power 
        and propulsion element of the lunar outpost) options.
    (c) Technology Demonstration.--The Administrator may use low-Earth 
orbit and cis-lunar missions, including missions to the lunar surface, 
to demonstrate technologies for Mars.

SEC. 658. PRIORITIZATION OF LOW-ENRICHED URANIUM TECHNOLOGY.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) space technology, including nuclear propulsion 
        technology and space surface power reactors, should be 
        developed in a manner consistent with broader United States 
        foreign policy, national defense, and space exploration and 
        commercialization priorities;
            (2) highly enriched uranium presents security and nuclear 
        nonproliferation concerns;
            (3) since 1977, based on the concerns associated with 
        highly enriched uranium, the United States has promoted the use 
        of low-enriched uranium over highly enriched uranium in 
        nonmilitary contexts, including research and commercial 
        applications;
            (4) as part of United States efforts to limit international 
        use of highly enriched uranium, the United States has actively 
        pursued--
                    (A) since 1978, the conversion of domestic and 
                foreign research reactors that use highly enriched 
                uranium fuel to low-enriched uranium fuel and the 
                avoidance of any new research reactors that use highly 
                enriched uranium fuel; and
                    (B) since 1994, the elimination of international 
                commerce in highly enriched uranium for civilian 
                purposes; and
            (5) the use of low-enriched uranium in place of highly 
        enriched uranium has security, nonproliferation, and economic 
        benefits, including for the national space program.
    (b) Prioritization of Low-enriched Uranium Technology.--The 
Administrator shall--
            (1) establish, within the Space Technology Mission 
        Directorate, a program for the research, testing, and 
        development of in-space reactor designs, including a surface 
        power reactor, that uses low-enriched uranium fuel; and
            (2) prioritize the research, demonstration, and deployment 
        of such designs over designs using highly enriched uranium 
        fuel.
    (c) Report on Nuclear Technology Prioritization.--Not later than 
120 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Administrator 
shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a report that--
            (1) details the actions taken to implement subsection (b); 
        and
            (2) identifies a plan and timeline under which such 
        subsection will be implemented.
    (d) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Highly enriched uranium.--The term ``highly enriched 
        uranium'' means uranium having an assay of 20 percent or 
        greater of the uranium-235 isotope.
            (2) Low-enriched uranium.--The term ``low-enriched 
        uranium'' means uranium having an assay greater than the assay 
        for natural uranium but less than 20 percent of the uranium-235 
        isotope.

SEC. 659. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON NEXT-GENERATION COMMUNICATIONS 
              TECHNOLOGY.

    It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) optical communications technologies--
                    (A) will be critical to the development of next-
                generation space-based communications networks;
                    (B) have the potential to allow NASA to expand the 
                volume of data transmissions in low-Earth orbit and 
                deep space; and
                    (C) may provide more secure and cost-effective 
                solutions than current radio frequency communications 
                systems;
            (2) quantum encryption technology has promising 
        implications for the security of the satellite and terrestrial 
        communications networks of the United States, including optical 
        communications networks, and further research and development 
        by NASA with respect to quantum encryption is essential to 
        maintaining the security of the United States and United States 
        leadership in space; and
            (3) in order to provide NASA with more secure and reliable 
        space-based communications, the Space Communications and 
        Navigation program office of NASA should continue--
                    (A) to support research on and development of 
                optical communications; and
                    (B) to develop quantum encryption capabilities, 
                especially as those capabilities apply to optical 
                communications networks.

SEC. 660. LUNAR SURFACE TECHNOLOGIES.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that the 
Administrator should--
            (1) identify and develop the technologies needed to live on 
        and explore the lunar surface and prepare for future operations 
        on Mars;
            (2) convene teams of experts from academia, industry, and 
        government to shape the technology development priorities of 
        the Administration for lunar surface exploration and 
        habitation; and
            (3) establish partnerships with researchers, universities, 
        and the private sector to rapidly develop and deploy 
        technologies required for successful lunar surface exploration.
    (b) Development and Demonstration.--The Administrator shall carry 
out a program, within the Space Technology Mission Directorate, to 
conduct technology development and demonstrations to enable human and 
robotic exploration on the lunar surface.
    (c) Research Consortium.--The Administrator shall establish a 
consortium consisting of experts from academia, industry, and 
government--
            (1) to assist the Administrator in developing a cohesive, 
        executable strategy for the development and deployment of 
        technologies required for successful lunar surface exploration; 
        and
            (2) to identify specific technologies relating to lunar 
        surface exploration that--
                    (A) should be developed to facilitate such 
                exploration; or
                    (B) require future research and development.
    (d) Research Awards.--
            (1) In general.--The Administrator may task any member of 
        the research consortium established under subsection (c) with 
        conducting research and development with respect to a 
        technology identified under paragraph (2) of that subsection.
            (2) Standard process for arrangements.--
                    (A) In general.--The Administrator shall develop a 
                standard process by which a consortium member tasked 
                with research and development under paragraph (1) may 
                enter into a formal arrangement with the Administrator 
                to carry out such research and development, such as an 
                arrangement under section 666 or 667.
                    (B) Report.--Not later than 120 days after the date 
                of the enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall 
                submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a 
                report on the one or more types of arrangement the 
                Administrator intends to enter into under this 
                subsection.

                        PART VI--STEM ENGAGEMENT

SEC. 661. SENSE OF CONGRESS.

    It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) NASA serves as a source of inspiration to the people of 
        the United States; and
            (2) NASA is uniquely positioned to help increase student 
        interest in science, technology, engineering, and math;
            (3) engaging students, and providing hands-on experience at 
        an early age, in science, technology, engineering, and math are 
        important aspects of ensuring and promoting United States 
        leadership in innovation; and
            (4) NASA should strive to leverage its unique position--
                    (A) to increase kindergarten through grade 12 
                involvement in NASA projects;
                    (B) to enhance higher education in STEM fields in 
                the United States;
                    (C) to support individuals who are underrepresented 
                in science, technology, engineering, and math fields, 
                such as women, minorities, and individuals in rural 
                areas; and
                    (D) to provide flight opportunities for student 
                experiments and investigations.

SEC. 662. STEM EDUCATION ENGAGEMENT ACTIVITIES.

    (a) In General.--The Administrator shall continue to provide 
opportunities for formal and informal STEM education engagement 
activities within the Office of NASA STEM Engagement and other NASA 
directorates, including--
            (1) the Established Program to Stimulate Competitive 
        Research;
            (2) the Minority University Research and Education Project; 
        and
            (3) the National Space Grant College and Fellowship 
        Program.
    (b) Leveraging NASA National Programs to Promote STEM Education.--
The Administrator, in partnership with museums, nonprofit 
organizations, and commercial entities, shall, to the maximum extent 
practicable, leverage human spaceflight missions, Deep Space 
Exploration Systems (including the Space Launch System, Orion, and 
Exploration Ground Systems), and NASA science programs to engage 
students at the kindergarten through grade 12 and higher education 
levels to pursue learning and career opportunities in STEM fields.
    (c) Briefing.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall brief the appropriate 
committees of Congress on--
            (1) the status of the programs described in subsection (a); 
        and
            (2) the manner by which each NASA STEM education engagement 
        activity is organized and funded.
    (d) STEM Education Defined.--In this section, the term ``STEM 
education'' has the meaning given the term in section 2 of the STEM 
Education Act of 2015 (Public Law 114-59; 42 U.S.C. 6621 note).

SEC. 663. SKILLED TECHNICAL EDUCATION OUTREACH PROGRAM.

    (a) Establishment.--The Administrator shall establish a program to 
conduct outreach to secondary school students--
            (1) to expose students to careers that require career and 
        technical education; and
            (2) to encourage students to pursue careers that require 
        career and technical education.
    (b) Outreach Plan.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall submit to the 
appropriate committees of Congress a report on the outreach program 
under subsection (a) that includes--
            (1) an implementation plan;
            (2) a description of the resources needed to carry out the 
        program; and
            (3) any recommendations on expanding outreach to secondary 
        school students interested in skilled technical occupations.
    (c) Systems Observation.--
            (1) In general.--The Administrator shall develop a program 
        and associated policies to allow students from accredited 
        educational institutions to view the manufacturing, assembly, 
        and testing of NASA-funded space and aeronautical systems, as 
        the Administrator considers appropriate.
            (2) Considerations.--In developing the program and policies 
        under paragraph (1), the Administrator shall take into 
        consideration factors such as workplace safety, mission needs, 
        and the protection of sensitive and proprietary technologies.

SEC. 664. NATIONAL SPACE GRANT COLLEGE AND FELLOWSHIP PROGRAM.

    (a) Purposes.--Section 40301 of title 51, United States Code, is 
amended--
            (1) in paragraph (3)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``and'' at the 
                end;
                    (B) in subparagraph (C), by adding ``and'' after 
                the semicolon at the end; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(D) promote equally the State and regional STEM 
                interests of each space grant consortium;''; and
            (2) in paragraph (4), by striking ``made up of university 
        and industry members, in order to advance'' and inserting 
        ``comprised of members of universities in each State and other 
        entities, such as 2-year colleges, industries, science learning 
        centers, museums, and government entities, to advance''.
    (b) Definitions.--Section 40302 of title 51, United States Code, is 
amended--
            (1) by striking paragraph (3);
            (2) by inserting after paragraph (2) the following:
            ``(3) Lead institution.--The term `lead institution' means 
        an entity in a State that--
                    ``(A) was designated by the Administrator under 
                section 40306, as in effect on the day before the date 
                of the enactment of the National Aeronautics and Space 
                Administration Authorization Act of 2021; or
                    ``(B) is designated by the Administrator under 
                section 40303(d)(3).'';
            (3) in paragraph (4), by striking ``space grant college, 
        space grant regional consortium, institution of higher 
        education,'' and inserting ``lead institution, space grant 
        consortium,'';
            (4) by striking paragraphs (6), (7), and (8);
            (5) by inserting after paragraph (5) the following:
            ``(6) Space grant consortium.--The term `space grant 
        consortium' means a State-wide group, led by a lead 
        institution, that has established partnerships with other 
        academic institutions, industries, science learning centers, 
        museums, and government entities to promote a strong 
        educational base in the space and aeronautical sciences.'';
            (6) by redesignating paragraph (9) as paragraph (7);
            (7) in paragraph (7)(B), as so redesignated, by inserting 
        ``and aeronautics'' after ``space'';
            (8) by striking paragraph (10); and
            (9) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(8) STEM.--The term `STEM' means science, technology, 
        engineering, and mathematics.''.
    (c) Program Objective.--Section 40303 of title 51, United States 
Code, is amended--
            (1) by striking subsections (d) and (e);
            (2) by redesignating subsection (c) as subsection (e); and
            (3) by striking subsection (b) and inserting the following:
    ``(b) Program Objective.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Administrator shall carry out the 
        national space grant college and fellowship program with the 
        objective of providing hands-on research, training, and 
        education programs with measurable outcomes in each State, 
        including programs to provide--
                    ``(A) internships, fellowships, and scholarships;
                    ``(B) interdisciplinary hands-on mission programs 
                and design projects;
                    ``(C) student internships with industry or 
                university researchers or at centers of the 
                Administration;
                    ``(D) faculty and curriculum development 
                initiatives;
                    ``(E) university-based research initiatives 
                relating to the Administration and the STEM workforce 
                needs of each State; or
                    ``(F) STEM engagement programs for kindergarten 
                through grade 12 teachers and students.
            ``(2) Program priorities.--In carrying out the objective 
        described in paragraph (1), the Administrator shall ensure that 
        each program carried out by a space grant consortium under the 
        national space grant college and fellowship program balances 
        the following priorities:
                    ``(A) The space and aeronautics research needs of 
                the Administration, including the mission directorates.
                    ``(B) The need to develop a national STEM 
                workforce.
                    ``(C) The STEM workforce needs of the State.
    ``(c) Program Administered Through Space Grant Consortia.--The 
Administrator shall carry out the national space grant college and 
fellowship program through the space grant consortia.
    ``(d) Suspension; Termination; New Competition.--
            ``(1) Suspension.--The Administrator may, for cause and 
        after an opportunity for hearing, suspend a lead institution 
        that was designated by the Administrator under section 40306, 
        as in effect on the day before the date of the enactment of the 
        National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act 
        of 2021.
            ``(2) Termination.--If the issue resulting in a suspension 
        under paragraph (1) is not resolved within a period determined 
        by the Administrator, the Administrator may terminate the 
        designation of the entity as a lead institution.
            ``(3) New competition.--If the Administrator terminates the 
        designation of an entity as a lead institution, the 
        Administrator may initiate a new competition in the applicable 
        State for the designation of a lead institution.''.
    (d) Grants.--Section 40304 of title 51, United States Code, is 
amended to read as follows:
``Sec. 40304. Grants
    ``(a) Eligible Space Grant Consortium Defined.--In this section, 
the term `eligible space grant consortium' means a space grant 
consortium that the Administrator has determined--
            ``(1) has the capability and objective to carry out not 
        fewer than 3 of the 6 programs under section 40303(b)(1);
            ``(2) will carry out programs that balance the priorities 
        described in section 40303(b)(2); and
            ``(3) is engaged in research, training, and education 
        relating to space and aeronautics.
    ``(b) Grants.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Administrator shall award grants to 
        the lead institutions of eligible space grant consortia to 
        carry out the programs under section 40303(b)(1).
            ``(2) Request for proposals.--
                    ``(A) In general.--On the expiration of existing 
                cooperative agreements between the Administration and 
                the space grant consortia, the Administrator shall 
                issue a request for proposals from space grant 
                consortia for the award of grants under this section.
                    ``(B) Applications.--A lead institution of a space 
                grant consortium that seeks a grant under this section 
                shall submit, on behalf of such space grant consortium, 
                an application to the Administrator at such time, in 
                such manner, and accompanied by such information as the 
                Administrator may require.
            ``(3) Grant awards.--The Administrator shall award 1 or 
        more 5-year grants, disbursed in annual installments, to the 
        lead institution of the eligible space grant consortium of--
                    ``(A) each State;
                    ``(B) the District of Columbia; and
                    ``(C) the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico.
            ``(4) Use of funds.--A grant awarded under this section 
        shall be used by an eligible space grant consortium to carry 
        out not fewer than 3 of the 6 programs under section 
        40303(b)(1).
    ``(c) Allocation of Funding.--
            ``(1) Program implementation.--
                    ``(A) In general.--To carry out the objective 
                described in section 40303(b)(1), of the funds made 
                available each fiscal year for the national space grant 
                college and fellowship program, the Administrator shall 
                allocate not less than 85 percent as follows:
                            ``(i) The 52 eligible space grant consortia 
                        shall each receive an equal share.
                            ``(ii) The territories of Guam and the 
                        United States Virgin Islands shall each receive 
                        funds equal to approximately \1/5\ of the share 
                        for each eligible space grant consortia.
                    ``(B) Matching requirement.--Each eligible space 
                grant consortium shall match the funds allocated under 
                subparagraph (A)(i) on a basis of not less than 1 non-
                Federal dollar for every 1 Federal dollar, except that 
                any program funded under paragraph (3) or any program 
                to carry out 1 or more internships or fellowships shall 
                not be subject to that matching requirement.
            ``(2) Program administration.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Of the funds made available each 
                fiscal year for the national space grant college and 
                fellowship program, the Administrator shall allocate 
                not more than 10 percent for the administration of the 
                program.
                    ``(B) Costs covered.--The funds allocated under 
                subparagraph (A) shall cover all costs of the 
                Administration associated with the administration of 
                the national space grant college and fellowship 
                program, including--
                            ``(i) direct costs of the program, 
                        including costs relating to support services 
                        and civil service salaries and benefits;
                            ``(ii) indirect general and administrative 
                        costs of centers and facilities of the 
                        Administration; and
                            ``(iii) indirect general and administrative 
                        costs of the Administration headquarters.
            ``(3) Special programs.--Of the funds made available each 
        fiscal year for the national space grant college and fellowship 
        program, the Administrator shall allocate not more than 5 
        percent to the lead institutions of space grant consortia 
        established as of the date of the enactment of the National 
        Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2021 
        for grants to carry out innovative approaches and programs to 
        further science and education relating to the missions of the 
        Administration and STEM disciplines.
    ``(d) Terms and Conditions.--
            ``(1) Limitations.--Amounts made available through a grant 
        under this section may not be applied to--
                    ``(A) the purchase of land;
                    ``(B) the purchase, construction, preservation, or 
                repair of a building; or
                    ``(C) the purchase or construction of a launch 
                facility or launch vehicle.
            ``(2) Leases.--Notwithstanding paragraph (1), land, 
        buildings, launch facilities, and launch vehicles may be leased 
        under a grant on written approval by the Administrator.
            ``(3) Records.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Any person that receives or uses 
                the proceeds of a grant under this section shall keep 
                such records as the Administrator shall by regulation 
                prescribe as being necessary and appropriate to 
                facilitate effective audit and evaluation, including 
                records that fully disclose the amount and disposition 
                by a recipient of such proceeds, the total cost of the 
                program or project in connection with which such 
                proceeds were used, and the amount, if any, of such 
                cost that was provided through other sources.
                    ``(B) Maintenance of records.--Records under 
                subparagraph (A) shall be maintained for not less than 
                3 years after the date of completion of such a program 
                or project.
                    ``(C) Access.--For the purpose of audit and 
                evaluation, the Administrator and the Comptroller 
                General of the United States shall have access to any 
                books, documents, papers, and records of receipts 
                relating to a grant under this section, as determined 
                by the Administrator or Comptroller General.''.
    (e) Program Streamlining.--Title 51, United States Code, is 
amended--
            (1) by striking sections 40305 through 40308, 40310, and 
        40311; and
            (2) by redesignating section 40309 as section 40305.
    (f) Conforming Amendment.--The table of sections at the beginning 
of chapter 403 of title 51, United States Code, is amended by striking 
the items relating to sections 40304 through 40311 and inserting the 
following:

``40304. Grants.
``40305. Availability of other Federal personnel and data.''.

                PART VII--WORKFORCE AND INDUSTRIAL BASE

SEC. 665. APPOINTMENT AND COMPENSATION PILOT PROGRAM.

    (a) Definition of Covered Provisions.--In this section, the term 
``covered provisions'' means the provisions of title 5, United States 
Code, other than--
            (1) section 2301 of that title;
            (2) section 2302 of that title;
            (3) chapter 71 of that title;
            (4) section 7204 of that title; and
            (5) chapter 73 of that title.
    (b) Establishment.--There is established a 3-year pilot program 
under which, notwithstanding section 20113 of title 51, United States 
Code, the Administrator may, with respect to not more than 3,000 
designated personnel--
            (1) appoint and manage such designated personnel of the 
        Administration, without regard to the covered provisions; and
            (2) fix the compensation of such designated personnel of 
        the Administration, without regard to chapter 51 and subchapter 
        III of chapter 53 of title 5, United States Code, at a rate 
        that does not exceed the per annum rate of salary of the Vice 
        President of the United States under section 104 of title 3, 
        United States Code.
    (c) Administrator Responsibilities.--In carrying out the pilot 
program established under subsection (b), the Administrator shall 
ensure that the pilot program--
            (1) uses--
                    (A) state-of-the-art recruitment techniques;
                    (B) simplified classification methods with respect 
                to personnel of the Administration; and
                    (C) broad banding; and
            (2) offers--
                    (A) competitive compensation; and
                    (B) the opportunity for career mobility.

SEC. 666. ESTABLISHMENT OF MULTI-INSTITUTION CONSORTIA.

    (a) In General.--The Administrator, pursuant to section 
2304(c)(3)(B) of title 10, United States Code, may--
            (1) establish one or more multi-institution consortia to 
        facilitate access to essential engineering, research, and 
        development capabilities in support of NASA missions;
            (2) use such a consortium to fund technical analyses and 
        other engineering support to address the acquisition, 
        technical, and operational needs of NASA centers; and
            (3) ensure such a consortium--
                    (A) is held accountable for the technical quality 
                of the work product developed under this section; and
                    (B) convenes disparate groups to facilitate public-
                private partnerships.
    (b) Policies and Procedures.--The Administrator shall develop and 
implement policies and procedures to govern, with respect to the 
establishment of a consortium under subsection (a)--
            (1) the selection of participants;
            (2) the award of cooperative agreements or other contracts;
            (3) the appropriate use of competitive awards and sole 
        source awards; and
            (4) technical capabilities required.
    (c) Eligibility.--The following entities shall be eligible to 
participate in a consortium established under subsection (a):
            (1) An institution of higher education (as defined in 
        section 102 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
        1002)).
            (2) An operator of a federally funded research and 
        development center.
            (3) A nonprofit or not-for-profit research institution.
            (4) A consortium composed of--
                    (A) an entity described in paragraph (1), (2), or 
                (3); and
                    (B) one or more for-profit entities.

SEC. 667. EXPEDITED ACCESS TO TECHNICAL TALENT AND EXPERTISE.

    (a) In General.--The Administrator may--
            (1) establish one or more multi-institution task order 
        contracts, consortia, cooperative agreements, or other 
        arrangements to facilitate expedited access to eligible 
        entities in support of NASA missions; and
            (2) use such a multi-institution task order contract, 
        consortium, cooperative agreement, or other arrangement to fund 
        technical analyses and other engineering support to address the 
        acquisition, technical, and operational needs of NASA centers.
    (b) Consultation With Other NASA-affiliated Entities.--To ensure 
access to technical expertise and reduce costs and duplicative efforts, 
a multi-institution task order contract, consortium, cooperative 
agreement, or any other arrangement established under subsection (a)(1) 
shall, to the maximum extent practicable, be carried out in 
consultation with other NASA-affiliated entities, including federally 
funded research and development centers, university-affiliated research 
centers, and NASA laboratories and test centers.
    (c) Policies and Procedures.--The Administrator shall develop and 
implement policies and procedures to govern, with respect to the 
establishment of a multi-institution task order contract, consortium, 
cooperative agreement, or any other arrangement under subsection 
(a)(1)--
            (1) the selection of participants;
            (2) the award of task orders;
            (3) the maximum award size for a task;
            (4) the appropriate use of competitive awards and sole 
        source awards; and
            (5) technical capabilities required.
    (d) Eligible Entity Defined.--In this section, the term ``eligible 
entity'' means--
            (1) an institution of higher education (as defined in 
        section 102 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
        1002));
            (2) an operator of a federally funded research and 
        development center;
            (3) a nonprofit or not-for-profit research institution; and
            (4) a consortium composed of--
                    (A) an entity described in paragraph (1), (2), or 
                (3); and
                    (B) one or more for-profit entities.

SEC. 668. REPORT ON INDUSTRIAL BASE FOR CIVIL SPACE MISSIONS AND 
              OPERATIONS.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, and from time to time thereafter, the 
Administrator shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a 
report on the United States industrial base for NASA civil space 
missions and operations.
    (b) Elements.--The report required by subsection (a) shall include 
the following:
            (1) A comprehensive description of the current status of 
        the United States industrial base for NASA civil space missions 
        and operations.
            (2) A description and assessment of the weaknesses in the 
        supply chain, skills, manufacturing capacity, raw materials, 
        key components, and other areas of the United States industrial 
        base for NASA civil space missions and operations that could 
        adversely impact such missions and operations if unavailable.
            (3) A description and assessment of various mechanisms to 
        address and mitigate the weaknesses described pursuant to 
        paragraph (2).
            (4) A comprehensive list of the collaborative efforts, 
        including future and proposed collaborative efforts, between 
        NASA and the Manufacturing USA institutes of the Department of 
        Commerce.
            (5) An assessment of--
                    (A) the defense and aerospace manufacturing supply 
                chains relevant to NASA in each region of the United 
                States; and
                    (B) the feasibility and benefits of establishing a 
                supply chain center of excellence in a State in which 
                NASA does not, as of the date of the enactment of this 
                Act, have a research center or test facility.
            (6) Such other matters relating to the United States 
        industrial base for NASA civil space missions and operations as 
        the Administrator considers appropriate.

SEC. 669. SEPARATIONS AND RETIREMENT INCENTIVES.

    Section 20113 of title 51, United States Code, is amended by adding 
at the end the following:
    ``(o) Provisions Related to Separation and Retirement Incentives.--
            ``(1) Definition.--In this subsection, the term 
        `employee'--
                    ``(A) means an employee of the Administration 
                serving under an appointment without time limitation; 
                and
                    ``(B) does not include--
                            ``(i) a reemployed annuitant under 
                        subchapter III of chapter 83 or chapter 84 of 
                        title 5 or any other retirement system for 
                        employees of the Federal Government;
                            ``(ii) an employee having a disability on 
                        the basis of which such employee is or would be 
                        eligible for disability retirement under any of 
                        the retirement systems referred to in clause 
                        (i); or
                            ``(iii) for purposes of eligibility for 
                        separation incentives under this subsection, an 
                        employee who is in receipt of a decision notice 
                        of involuntary separation for misconduct or 
                        unacceptable performance.
            ``(2) Authority.--The Administrator may establish a program 
        under which employees may be eligible for early retirement, 
        offered separation incentive pay to separate from service 
        voluntarily, or both. This authority may be used to reduce the 
        number of personnel employed or to restructure the workforce to 
        meet mission objectives without reducing the overall number of 
        personnel. This authority is in addition to, and 
        notwithstanding, any other authorities established by law or 
        regulation for such programs.
            ``(3) Early retirement.--An employee who is at least 50 
        years of age and has completed 20 years of service, or has at 
        least 25 years of service, may, pursuant to regulations 
        promulgated under this subsection, apply and be retired from 
        the Administration and receive benefits in accordance with 
        subchapter III of chapter 83 or 84 of title 5 if the employee 
        has been employed continuously within the Administration for 
        more than 30 days before the date on which the determination to 
        conduct a reduction or restructuring within 1 or more 
        Administration centers is approved.
            ``(4) Separation pay.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Separation pay shall be paid in 
                a lump sum or in installments and shall be equal to the 
                lesser of--
                            ``(i) an amount equal to the amount the 
                        employee would be entitled to receive under 
                        section 5595(c) of title 5, if the employee 
                        were entitled to payment under such section; or
                            ``(ii) $40,000.
                    ``(B) Limitations.--Separation pay shall not be a 
                basis for payment, and shall not be included in the 
                computation, of any other type of Government benefit. 
                Separation pay shall not be taken into account for the 
                purpose of determining the amount of any severance pay 
                to which an individual may be entitled under section 
                5595 of title 5, based on any other separation.
                    ``(C) Installments.--Separation pay, if paid in 
                installments, shall cease to be paid upon the 
                recipient's acceptance of employment by the Federal 
                Government, or commencement of work under a personal 
                services contract as described in paragraph (5).
            ``(5) Limitations on reemployment.--
                    ``(A) An employee who receives separation pay under 
                such program may not be reemployed by the 
                Administration for a 12-month period beginning on the 
                effective date of the employee's separation, unless 
                this prohibition is waived by the Administrator on a 
                case-by-case basis.
                    ``(B) An employee who receives separation pay under 
                this section on the basis of a separation and accepts 
                employment with the Government of the United States, or 
                who commences work through a personal services contract 
                with the United States within 5 years after the date of 
                the separation on which payment of the separation pay 
                is based, shall be required to repay the entire amount 
                of the separation pay to the Administration. If the 
                employment is with an Executive agency (as defined by 
                section 105 of title 5) other than the Administration, 
                the Administrator may, at the request of the head of 
                that agency, waive the repayment if the individual 
                involved possesses unique abilities and is the only 
                qualified applicant available for the position. If the 
                employment is within the Administration, the 
                Administrator may waive the repayment if the individual 
                involved is the only qualified applicant available for 
                the position. If the employment is with an entity in 
                the legislative branch, the head of the entity or the 
                appointing official may waive the repayment if the 
                individual involved possesses unique abilities and is 
                the only qualified applicant available for the 
                position. If the employment is with the judicial 
                branch, the Director of the Administrative Office of 
                the United States Courts may waive the repayment if the 
                individual involved possesses unique abilities and is 
                the only qualified applicant available for the 
                position.
            ``(6) Regulations.--Under the program established under 
        paragraph (2), early retirement and separation pay may be 
        offered only pursuant to regulations established by the 
        Administrator, subject to such limitations or conditions as the 
        Administrator may require.
            ``(7) Use of existing funds.--The Administrator shall carry 
        out this subsection using amounts otherwise made available to 
        the Administrator and no additional funds are authorized to be 
        appropriated to carry out this subsection.''.

SEC. 670. CONFIDENTIALITY OF MEDICAL QUALITY ASSURANCE RECORDS.

    (a) In General.--Chapter 313 of title 51, United States Code, is 
amended by adding at the end the following:
``Sec. 31303. Confidentiality of medical quality assurance records
    ``(a) In General.--Except as provided in subsection (b)(1)--
            ``(1) a medical quality assurance record, or any part of a 
        medical quality assurance record, may not be subject to 
        discovery or admitted into evidence in a judicial or 
        administrative proceeding; and
            ``(2) an individual who reviews or creates a medical 
        quality assurance record for the Administration, or 
        participates in any proceeding that reviews or creates a 
        medical quality assurance record, may not testify in a judicial 
        or administrative proceeding with respect to--
                    ``(A) the medical quality assurance record; or
                    ``(B) any finding, recommendation, evaluation, 
                opinion, or action taken by such individual or in 
                accordance with such proceeding with respect to the 
                medical quality assurance record.
    ``(b) Disclosure of Records.--
            ``(1) In general.--Notwithstanding subsection (a), a 
        medical quality assurance record may be disclosed to--
                    ``(A) a Federal agency or private entity, if the 
                medical quality assurance record is necessary for the 
                Federal agency or private entity to carry out--
                            ``(i) licensing or accreditation functions 
                        relating to Administration healthcare 
                        facilities; or
                            ``(ii) monitoring of Administration 
                        healthcare facilities required by law;
                    ``(B) a Federal agency or healthcare provider, if 
                the medical quality assurance record is required by the 
                Federal agency or healthcare provider to enable 
                Administration participation in a healthcare program of 
                the Federal agency or healthcare provider;
                    ``(C) a criminal or civil law enforcement agency, 
                or an instrumentality authorized by law to protect the 
                public health or safety, on written request by a 
                qualified representative of such agency or 
                instrumentality submitted to the Administrator that 
                includes a description of the lawful purpose for which 
                the medical quality assurance record is requested;
                    ``(D) an officer, an employee, or a contractor of 
                the Administration who requires the medical quality 
                assurance record to carry out an official duty 
                associated with healthcare;
                    ``(E) healthcare personnel, to the extent necessary 
                to address a medical emergency affecting the health or 
                safety of an individual; and
                    ``(F) any committee, panel, or board convened by 
                the Administration to review the healthcare-related 
                policies and practices of the Administration.
            ``(2) Subsequent disclosure prohibited.--An individual or 
        entity to whom a medical quality assurance record has been 
        disclosed under paragraph (1) may not make a subsequent 
        disclosure of the medical quality assurance record.
    ``(c) Personally Identifiable Information.--
            ``(1) In general.--Except as provided in paragraph (2), the 
        personally identifiable information contained in a medical 
        quality assurance record of a patient or an employee of the 
        Administration, or any other individual associated with the 
        Administration for purposes of a medical quality assurance 
        program, shall be removed before the disclosure of the medical 
        quality assurance record to an entity other than the 
        Administration.
            ``(2) Exception.-- Personally identifiable information 
        described in paragraph (1) may be released to an entity other 
        than the Administration if the Administrator makes a 
        determination that the release of such personally identifiable 
        information--
                    ``(A) is in the best interests of the 
                Administration; and
                    ``(B) does not constitute an unwarranted invasion 
                of personal privacy.
    ``(d) Exclusion From FOIA.--A medical quality assurance record may 
not be made available to any person under section 552 of title 5, 
United States Code (commonly referred to as the `Freedom of Information 
Act'), and this section shall be considered a statute described in 
subsection (b)(3)(B) of such section 522.
    ``(e) Regulations.--Not later than one year after the date of the 
enactment of this section, the Administrator shall promulgate 
regulations to implement this section.
    ``(f) Rules of Construction.--Nothing in this section shall be 
construed--
            ``(1) to withhold a medical quality assurance record from a 
        committee of the Senate or House of Representatives or a joint 
        committee of Congress if the medical quality assurance record 
        relates to a matter within the jurisdiction of such committee 
        or joint committee; or
            ``(2) to limit the use of a medical quality assurance 
        record within the Administration, including the use by a 
        contractor or consultant of the Administration.
    ``(g) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Medical quality assurance record.--The term `medical 
        quality assurance record' means any proceeding, discussion, 
        record, finding, recommendation, evaluation, opinion, minutes, 
        report, or other document or action that results from a quality 
        assurance committee, quality assurance program, or quality 
        assurance program activity.
            ``(2) Quality assurance program.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The term `quality assurance 
                program' means a comprehensive program of the 
                Administration--
                            ``(i) to systematically review and improve 
                        the quality of medical and behavioral health 
                        services provided by the Administration to 
                        ensure the safety and security of individuals 
                        receiving such health services; and
                            ``(ii) to evaluate and improve the 
                        efficiency, effectiveness, and use of staff and 
                        resources in the delivery of such health 
                        services.
                    ``(B) Inclusion.--The term `quality assurance 
                program' includes any activity carried out by or for 
                the Administration to assess the quality of medical 
                care provided by the Administration.''.
    (b) Technical and Conforming Amendment.--The table of sections for 
chapter 313 of title 51, United States Code, is amended by adding at 
the end the following:

``31303. Confidentiality of medical quality assurance records.''.

                  PART VIII--MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS

SEC. 671. CONTRACTING AUTHORITY.

    Section 20113 of title 51, United States Code, is amended by adding 
at the end the following:
    ``(o) Contracting Authority.--The Administration--
            ``(1) may enter into an agreement with a private, 
        commercial, or State government entity to provide the entity 
        with supplies, support, and services related to private, 
        commercial, or State government space activities carried out at 
        a property owned or operated by the Administration; and
            ``(2) upon the request of such an entity, may include such 
        supplies, support, and services in the requirements of the 
        Administration if--
                    ``(A) the Administrator determines that the 
                inclusion of such supplies, support, or services in 
                such requirements--
                            ``(i) is in the best interest of the 
                        Federal Government;
                            ``(ii) does not interfere with the 
                        requirements of the Administration; and
                            ``(iii) does not compete with the 
                        commercial space activities of other such 
                        entities; and
                    ``(B) the Administration has full reimbursable 
                funding from the entity that requested supplies, 
                support, and services prior to making any obligation 
                for the delivery of such supplies, support, or services 
                under an Administration procurement contract or any 
                other agreement.''.

SEC. 672. AUTHORITY FOR TRANSACTION PROTOTYPE PROJECTS AND FOLLOW-ON 
              PRODUCTION CONTRACTS.

    Section 20113 of title 51, United States Code, as amended by 
section 671, is further amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(p) Transaction Prototype Projects and Follow-on Production 
Contracts.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Administration may enter into a 
        transaction (other than a contract, cooperative agreement, or 
        grant) to carry out a prototype project that is directly 
        relevant to enhancing the mission effectiveness of the 
        Administration.
            ``(2) Subsequent award of follow-on production contract.--A 
        transaction entered into under this subsection for a prototype 
        project may provide for the subsequent award of a follow-on 
        production contract to participants in the transaction.
            ``(3) Inclusion.--A transaction under this subsection 
        includes a project awarded to an individual participant and to 
        all individual projects awarded to a consortium of United 
        States industry and academic institutions.
            ``(4) Determination.--The authority of this section may be 
        exercised for a transaction for a prototype project and any 
        follow-on production contract, upon a determination by the head 
        of the contracting activity, in accordance with Administration 
        policies, that--
                    ``(A) circumstances justify use of a transaction to 
                provide an innovative business arrangement that would 
                not be feasible or appropriate under a contract; and
                    ``(B) the use of the authority of this section is 
                essential to promoting the success of the prototype 
                project.
            ``(5) Competitive procedure.--
                    ``(A) In general.--To the maximum extent 
                practicable, the Administrator shall use competitive 
                procedures with respect to entering into a transaction 
                to carry out a prototype project.
                    ``(B) Exception.--Notwithstanding section 2304 of 
                title 10, United States Code, a follow-on production 
                contract may be awarded to the participants in the 
                prototype transaction without the use of competitive 
                procedures, if--
                            ``(i) competitive procedures were used for 
                        the selection of parties for participation in 
                        the prototype transaction; and
                            ``(ii) the participants in the transaction 
                        successfully completed the prototype project 
                        provided for in the transaction.
            ``(6) Cost share.--A transaction to carry out a prototype 
        project and a follow-on production contract may require that 
        part of the total cost of the transaction or contract be paid 
        by the participant or contractor from a source other than the 
        Federal Government.
            ``(7) Procurement ethics.--A transaction under this 
        authority shall be considered an agency procurement for 
        purposes of chapter 21 of title 41, United States Code, with 
        regard to procurement ethics.''.

SEC. 673. PROTECTION OF DATA AND INFORMATION FROM PUBLIC DISCLOSURE.

    (a) Certain Technical Data.--Section 20131 of title 51, United 
States Code, is amended--
            (1) by redesignating subsection (c) as subsection (d);
            (2) in subsection (a)(3), by striking ``subsection (b)'' 
        and inserting ``subsection (b) or (c)'';
            (3) by inserting after subsection (b) the following:
    ``(c) Special Handling of Certain Technical Data.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Administrator may provide 
        appropriate protections against the public dissemination of 
        certain technical data, including exemption from subchapter II 
        of chapter 5 of title 5.
            ``(2) Definitions.--In this subsection:
                    ``(A) Certain technical data.--The term `certain 
                technical data' means technical data that may not be 
                exported lawfully outside the United States without 
                approval, authorization, or license under--
                            ``(i) the Export Control Reform Act of 2018 
                        (Public Law 115-232; 132 Stat. 2208); or
                            ``(ii) the International Security 
                        Assistance and Arms Export Control Act of 1976 
                        (Public Law 94-329; 90 Stat. 729).
                    ``(B) Technical data.--The term `technical data' 
                means any blueprint, drawing, photograph, plan, 
                instruction, computer software, or documentation, or 
                any other technical information.'';
            (4) in subsection (d), as so redesignated, by inserting ``, 
        including any data,'' after ``information''; and
            (5) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(e) Exclusion From FOIA.--This shall be considered a statute 
described in subsection (b)(3)(B) of 552 of title 5 (commonly referred 
to as the `Freedom of Information Act').''.
    (b) Certain Voluntarily Provided Safety-related Information.--
            (1) In general.--The Administrator shall provide 
        appropriate safeguards against the public dissemination of 
        safety-related information collected as part of a mishap 
        investigation carried out under the NASA safety reporting 
        system or in conjunction with an organizational safety 
        assessment, if the Administrator makes a written determination, 
        including a justification of the determination, that--
                    (A)(i) disclosure of the information would inhibit 
                individuals from voluntarily providing safety-related 
                information; and
                    (ii) the ability of NASA to collect such 
                information improves the safety of NASA programs and 
                research relating to aeronautics and space; or
            (B) withholding such information from public disclosure 
        improves the safety of such NASA programs and research.
            (2) Other federal agencies.--Notwithstanding any other 
        provision of law, if the Administrator provides to the head of 
        another Federal agency safety-related information with respect 
        to which the Administrator has made a determination under 
        paragraph (1), the head of the Federal agency shall withhold 
        the information from public disclosure.
            (3) Public availability.--A determination or part of a 
        determination under paragraph (1) shall be made available to 
        the public on request, as required under 552 of title 5, United 
        States Code (commonly referred to as the ``Freedom of 
        Information Act'').
            (4) Exclusion from foia.--This subsection shall be 
        considered a statute described in subsection (b)(3)(B) of 
        section 552 of title 5, United States Code.

SEC. 674. PHYSICAL SECURITY MODERNIZATION.

    Chapter 201 of title 51, United States Code, is amended--
            (1) in section 20133(2), by striking ``property'' and all 
        that follows through ``to the United States,'' and inserting 
        ``Administration personnel or of property owned or leased by, 
        or under the control of, the United States''; and
            (2) in section 20134, in the second sentence--
                    (A) by inserting ``Administration personnel or 
                any'' after ``protecting''; and
                    (B) by striking ``, at facilities owned or 
                contracted to the Administration''.

SEC. 675. LEASE OF NON-EXCESS PROPERTY.

    Section 20145 of title 51, United States Code, is amended--
            (1) in subsection (b)(1)(B), by striking ``entered into for 
        the purpose of developing renewable energy production 
        facilities''; and
            (2) in subsection (g), in the first sentence, by striking 
        ``December 31, 2021'' and inserting ``December 31, 2025''.

SEC. 676. CYBERSECURITY.

    (a) In General.--Section 20301 of title 51, United States Code, is 
amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(c) Cybersecurity.--The Administrator shall update and improve 
the cybersecurity of NASA space assets and supporting 
infrastructure.''.
    (b) Security Operations Center.--
            (1) Establishment.--The Administrator shall maintain a 
        Security Operations Center, to identify and respond to 
        cybersecurity threats to NASA information technology systems, 
        including institutional systems and mission systems.
            (2) Inspector general recommendations.--The Administrator 
        shall implement, to the maximum extent practicable, each of the 
        recommendations contained in the report of the Inspector 
        General of NASA entitled ``Audit of NASA's Security Operations 
        Center'', issued on May 23, 2018.
    (c) Cyber Threat Hunt.--
            (1) In general.--The Administrator, in coordination with 
        the Secretary of Homeland Security and the heads of other 
        relevant Federal agencies, may implement a cyber threat hunt 
        capability to proactively search NASA information systems for 
        advanced cyber threats that otherwise evade existing security 
        tools.
            (2) Threat-hunting process.--In carrying out paragraph (1), 
        the Administrator shall develop and document a threat-hunting 
        process, including the roles and responsibilities of 
        individuals conducting a cyber threat hunt.
    (d) GAO Priority Recommendations.--The Administrator shall 
implement, to the maximum extent practicable, the recommendations for 
NASA contained in the report of the Comptroller General of the United 
States entitled ``Information Security: Agencies Need to Improve 
Controls over Selected High-Impact Systems'', issued May 18, 2016, 
including--
            (1) re-evaluating security control assessments; and
            (2) specifying metrics for the continuous monitoring 
        strategy of the Administration.

SEC. 677. LIMITATION ON COOPERATION WITH THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF 
              CHINA.

    (a) In General.--Except as provided by subsection (b), the 
Administrator, the Director of the OSTP, and the Chair of the National 
Space Council, shall not--
            (1) develop, design, plan, promulgate, implement, or 
        execute a bilateral policy, program, order, or contract of any 
        kind to participate, collaborate, or coordinate bilaterally in 
        any manner with--
                    (A) the Government of the People's Republic of 
                China; or
                    (B) any company--
                            (i) owned by the Government of the People's 
                        Republic of China; or
                            (ii) incorporated under the laws of the 
                        People's Republic of China; and
            (2) host official visitors from the People's Republic of 
        China at a facility belonging to or used by NASA.
    (b) Waiver.--
            (1) In general.--The Administrator, the Director, or the 
        Chair may waive the limitation under subsection (a) with 
        respect to an activity described in that subsection only if the 
        Administrator, the Director, or the Chair, as applicable, makes 
        a determination that the activity--
                    (A) does not pose a risk of a transfer of 
                technology, data, or other information with national 
                security or economic security implications to an entity 
                described in paragraph (1) of such subsection; and
                    (B) does not involve knowing interactions with 
                officials who have been determined by the United States 
                to have direct involvement with violations of human 
                rights.
            (2) Certification to congress.--Not later than 30 days 
        after the date on which a waiver is granted under paragraph 
        (1), the Administrator, the Director, or the Chair, as 
        applicable, shall submit to the Committee on Commerce, Science, 
        and Transportation and the Committee on Appropriations of the 
        Senate and the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology and 
        the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives 
        a written certification that the activity complies with the 
        requirements in subparagraphs (A) and (B) of that paragraph.
    (c) GAO Review.--
            (1) In general.--The Comptroller General of the United 
        States shall conduct a review of NASA contracts that may 
        subject the Administration to unacceptable transfers of 
        intellectual property or technology to any entity--
                    (A) owned or controlled (in whole or in part) by, 
                or otherwise affiliated with, the Government of the 
                People's Republic of China; or
                    (B) organized under, or otherwise subject to, the 
                laws of the People's Republic of China.
            (2) Elements.--The review required under paragraph (1) 
        shall assess--
                    (A) whether the Administrator is aware--
                            (i) of any NASA contractor that benefits 
                        from significant financial assistance from--
                                    (I) the Government of the People's 
                                Republic of China;
                                    (II) any entity controlled by the 
                                Government of the People's Republic of 
                                China; or
                                    (III) any other governmental entity 
                                of the People's Republic of China; and
                            (ii) that the Government of the People's 
                        Republic of China, or an entity controlled by 
                        the Government of the People's Republic of 
                        China, may be--
                                    (I) leveraging United States 
                                companies that share ownership with 
                                NASA contractors; or
                                    (II) obtaining intellectual 
                                property or technology illicitly or by 
                                other unacceptable means; and
                    (B) the steps the Administrator is taking to ensure 
                that--
                            (i) NASA contractors are not being 
                        leveraged (directly or indirectly) by the 
                        Government of the People's Republic of China or 
                        by an entity controlled by the Government of 
                        the People's Republic of China;
                            (ii) the intellectual property and 
                        technology of NASA contractors are adequately 
                        protected; and
                            (iii) NASA flight-critical components are 
                        not sourced from the People's Republic of China 
                        through any entity benefitting from Chinese 
                        investments, loans, or other assistance.
            (3) Recommendations.--The Comptroller General shall provide 
        to the Administrator recommendations for future NASA 
        contracting based on the results of the review.
            (4) Plan.--Not later than 180 days after the date on which 
        the Comptroller General completes the review, the Administrator 
        shall--
                    (A) develop a plan to implement the recommendations 
                of the Comptroller General; and
                    (B) submit the plan to the appropriate committees 
                of Congress.
    (d) Termination.--The limitation under subsection (a) shall cease 
to have effect on the date that is 10 years after the date of the 
enactment of this Act.

SEC. 678. CONSIDERATION OF ISSUES RELATED TO CONTRACTING WITH ENTITIES 
              RECEIVING ASSISTANCE FROM OR AFFILIATED WITH THE PEOPLE'S 
              REPUBLIC OF CHINA.

    (a) In General.--With respect to a matter in response to a request 
for proposal or a broad area announcement by the Administrator, or 
award of any contract, agreement, or other transaction with the 
Administrator, a commercial or noncommercial entity shall certify that 
it is not majority owned or controlled (as defined in section 800.208 
of title 31, Code of Federal Regulations), or minority owned greater 
than 25 percent, by--
            (1) any governmental organization of the People's Republic 
        of China; or
            (2) any other entity that is--
                    (A) known to be owned or controlled by any 
                governmental organization of the People's Republic of 
                China; or
                    (B) organized under, or otherwise subject to, the 
                laws of the People's Republic of China.
    (b) False Statements.--
            (1) In general.--A false statement contained in a 
        certification under subsection (a) constitutes a false or 
        fraudulent claim for purposes of chapter 47 of title 18, United 
        States Code.
            (2) Action under federal acquisition regulation.--Any party 
        convicted for making a false statement with respect to a 
        certification under subsection (a) shall be subject to 
        debarment from contracting with the Administrator for a period 
        of not less than 1 year, as determined by the Administrator, in 
        addition to other appropriate action in accordance with the 
        Federal Acquisition Regulation maintained under section 
        1303(a)(1) of title 41, United States Code.
    (c) Annual Report.--The Administrator shall submit to the 
appropriate committees of Congress an annual report detailing any 
violation of this section.

SEC. 679. SMALL SATELLITE LAUNCH SERVICES PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--The Administrator shall continue to procure 
dedicated launch services, including from small and venture class 
launch providers, for small satellites, including CubeSats, for the 
purpose of conducting science and technology missions that further the 
goals of NASA.
    (b) Requirements.--In carrying out the program under subsection 
(a), the Administrator shall engage with the academic community to 
maximize awareness and use of dedicated small satellite launch 
opportunities.
    (c) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this section shall prevent 
the Administrator from continuing to use a secondary payload of 
procured launch services for CubeSats.

SEC. 680. 21ST CENTURY SPACE LAUNCH INFRASTRUCTURE.

    (a) In General.--The Administrator shall carry out a program to 
modernize multi-user launch infrastructure at NASA facilities--
            (1) to enhance safety; and
            (2) to advance Government and commercial space 
        transportation and exploration.
    (b) Projects.--Projects funded under the program under subsection 
(a) may include--
            (1) infrastructure relating to commodities;
            (2) standard interfaces to meet customer needs for multiple 
        payload processing and launch vehicle processing;
            (3) enhancements to range capacity and flexibility; and
            (4) such other projects as the Administrator considers 
        appropriate to meet the goals described in subsection (a).
    (c) Requirements.--In carrying out the program under subsection 
(a), the Administrator shall--
            (1) identify and prioritize investments in projects that 
        can be used by multiple users and launch vehicles, including 
        non-NASA users and launch vehicles; and
            (2) limit investments to projects that would not otherwise 
        be funded by a NASA program, such as an institutional or 
        programmatic infrastructure program.
    (d) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this section shall preclude a 
NASA program, including the Space Launch System and Orion, from using 
the launch infrastructure modernized under this section.

SEC. 681. MISSIONS OF NATIONAL NEED.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the Sense of Congress that--
            (1) while certain space missions, such as asteroid 
        detection or space debris mitigation or removal missions, may 
        not provide the highest-value science, as determined by the 
        National Academies of Science, Engineering, and Medicine 
        decadal surveys, such missions provide tremendous value to the 
        United States and the world; and
            (2) the current organizational and funding structure of 
        NASA has not prioritized the funding of missions of national 
        need.
    (b) Study.--
            (1) In general.--The Director of the OSTP shall conduct a 
        study on the manner in which NASA funds missions of national 
        need.
            (2) Matters to be included.--The study conducted under 
        paragraph (1) shall include the following:
                    (A) An identification and assessment of the types 
                of missions or technology development programs that 
                constitute missions of national need.
                    (B) An assessment of the manner in which such 
                missions are currently funded and managed by NASA.
                    (C) An analysis of the options for funding missions 
                of national need, including--
                            (i) structural changes required to allow 
                        NASA to fund such missions; and
                            (ii) an assessment of the capacity of other 
                        Federal agencies to make funds available for 
                        such missions.
    (c) Report to Congress.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, the Director of the OSTP shall submit to the 
appropriate committees of Congress a report on the results of the study 
conducted under subsection (b), including recommendations for funding 
missions of national need.

SEC. 682. DRINKING WATER WELL REPLACEMENT FOR CHINCOTEAGUE, VIRGINIA.

    Notwithstanding any other provision of law, during the 5-year 
period beginning on the date of the enactment of this Act, the 
Administrator may enter into 1 or more agreements with the town of 
Chincoteague, Virginia, to reimburse the town for costs that are 
directly associated with--
            (1) the removal of drinking water wells located on property 
        administered by the Administration; and
            (2) the relocation of such wells to property under the 
        administrative control, through lease, ownership, or easement, 
        of the town.

SEC. 683. PASSENGER CARRIER USE.

    Section 1344(a)(2) of title 31, United States Code, is amended--
            (1) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``or'' at the end;
            (2) in subparagraph (B), by inserting ``or'' after the 
        comma at the end; and
            (3) by inserting after subparagraph (B) the following:
            ``(C) necessary for post-flight transportation of United 
        States Government astronauts, and other astronauts subject to 
        reimbursable arrangements, returning from space for the 
        performance of medical research, monitoring, diagnosis, or 
        treatment, or other official duties, prior to receiving post-
        flight medical clearance to operate a motor vehicle,''.

SEC. 684. USE OF COMMERCIAL NEAR-SPACE BALLOONS.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that the use of 
an array of capabilities, including the use of commercially available 
near-space balloon assets, is in the best interest of the United 
States.
    (b) Use of Commercial Near-space Balloons.--The Administrator shall 
use commercially available balloon assets operating at near-space 
altitudes, to the maximum extent practicable, as part of a diverse set 
of capabilities to effectively and efficiently meet the goals of the 
Administration.

SEC. 685. PRESIDENT'S SPACE ADVISORY BOARD.

    Section 121 of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration 
Authorization Act, Fiscal Year 1991 (Public Law 101-611; 51 U.S.C. 
20111 note) is amended--
            (1) in the section heading, by striking ``users' advisory 
        group'' and inserting ``president's space advisory board''; and
            (2) by striking ``Users' Advisory Group'' each place it 
        appears and inserting ``President's Space Advisory Board.''

SEC. 686. INITIATIVE ON TECHNOLOGIES FOR NOISE AND EMISSIONS 
              REDUCTIONS.

    (a) Initiative Required.--Section 40112 of title 51, United States 
Code, is amended--
            (1) by redesignating subsections (b) through (f) as 
        subsections (c) through (g), respectively; and
            (2) by inserting after subsection (a) the following new 
        subsection (b):
    ``(b) Technologies for Noise and Emissions Reduction.--
            ``(1) Initiative required.--The Administrator shall 
        establish an initiative to build upon and accelerate previous 
        or ongoing work to develop and demonstrate new technologies, 
        including systems architecture, components, or integration of 
        systems and airframe structures, in electric aircraft 
        propulsion concepts that are capable of substantially reducing 
        both emissions and noise from aircraft.
            ``(2) Approach.--In carrying out the initiative, the 
        Administrator shall do the following:
                    ``(A) Continue and expand work of the 
                Administration on research, development, and 
                demonstration of electric aircraft concepts, and the 
                integration of such concepts.
                    ``(B) To the extent practicable, work with multiple 
                partners, including small businesses and new entrants, 
                on research and development activities related to 
                transport category aircraft.
                    ``(C) Provide guidance to the Federal Aviation 
                Administration on technologies developed and tested 
                pursuant to the initiative.''.
    (b) Reports.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter as a part of the 
Administration's budget submission, the Administrator shall submit a 
report to the appropriate committee of Congress on the progress of the 
work under the initiative required by subsection (b) of section 40112 
of title 51, United States Code (as amended by subsection (a) of this 
section), including an updated, anticipated timeframe for aircraft 
entering into service that produce 50 percent less noise and emissions 
than the highest performing aircraft in service as of December 31, 
2019.

SEC. 687. REMEDIATION OF SITES CONTAMINATED WITH TRICHLOROETHYLENE.

    (a) Identification of Sites.--Not later than 180 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall identify 
sites of the Administration contaminated with trichloroethylene.
    (b) Report Required.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall submit to the 
appropriate committees of Congress a report that includes--
            (1) the recommendations of the Administrator for 
        remediating the sites identified under subsection (a) during 
        the 5-year period beginning on the date of the report; and
            (2) an estimate of the financial resources necessary to 
        implement those recommendations.

SEC. 688. REVIEW ON PREFERENCE FOR DOMESTIC SUPPLIERS.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the Sense of Congress that the 
Administration should, to the maximum extent practicable and with due 
consideration of foreign policy goals and obligations under Federal 
law--
            (1) use domestic suppliers of goods and services; and
            (2) ensure compliance with the Federal acquisition 
        regulations, including subcontract flow-down provisions.
    (b) Review.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
        the enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall undertake a 
        comprehensive review of the domestic supplier preferences of 
        the Administration and the obligations of the Administration 
        under the Federal acquisition regulations to ensure compliance, 
        particularly with respect to Federal acquisition regulations 
        provisions that apply to foreign-based subcontractors.
            (2) Elements.--The review under paragraph (1) shall 
        include--
                    (A) an assessment as to whether the Administration 
                has provided funding for infrastructure of a foreign-
                owned company or State-sponsored entity in recent 
                years; and
                    (B) a review of any impact such funding has had on 
                domestic service providers.
    (c) Report.--The Administrator shall submit to the appropriate 
committees of Congress a report on the results of the review.

SEC. 689. REPORT ON USE OF COMMERCIAL SPACEPORTS LICENSED BY THE 
              FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall submit to the 
appropriate committees of Congress a report on the benefits of 
increased use of commercial spaceports licensed by the Federal Aviation 
Administration for NASA civil space missions and operations.
    (b) Elements.--The report required by subsection (a) shall include 
the following:
            (1) A description and assessment of current use of 
        commercial spaceports licensed by the Federal Aviation 
        Administration for NASA civil space missions and operations.
            (2) A description and assessment of the benefits of 
        increased use of such spaceports for such missions and 
        operations.
            (3) A description and assessment of the steps necessary to 
        achieve increased use of such spaceports for such missions and 
        operations.

SEC. 690. ACTIVE ORBITAL DEBRIS MITIGATION.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) orbital debris, particularly in low-Earth orbit, poses 
        a hazard to NASA missions, particularly human spaceflight; and
            (2) progress has been made on the development of guidelines 
        for long-term space sustainability through the United Nations 
        Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space.
    (b) Requirements.--The Administrator should--
            (1) ensure the policies and standard practices of NASA meet 
        or exceed international guidelines for spaceflight safety; and
            (2) support the development of orbital debris mitigation 
        technologies through continued research and development of 
        concepts.
    (c) Report to Congress.--Not later than 90 days after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall submit to the 
appropriate committees of Congress a report on the status of 
implementing subsection (b).

SEC. 691. STUDY ON COMMERCIAL COMMUNICATIONS SERVICES.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) enhancing the ability of researchers to conduct and 
        interact with experiments while in flight would make huge 
        advancements in the overall profitability of conducting 
        research on suborbit and low-Earth orbit payloads; and
            (2) current NASA communications do not allow for real-time 
        data collection, observation, or transmission of information.
    (b) Study.--The Administrator shall conduct a study on the 
feasibility, impact, and cost of using commercial communications 
programs services for suborbital flight programs and low-Earth orbit 
research.
    (c) Report.--Not later than 18 months after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall submit to Congress and 
make publicly available a report that describes the results of the 
study conducted under subsection (b).
                                                        Calendar No. 58

117th CONGRESS

  1st Session

                                S. 1260

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL

  To establish a new Directorate for Technology and Innovation in the 
  National Science Foundation, to establish a regional technology hub 
    program, to require a strategy and report on economic security, 
  science, research, innovation, manufacturing, and job creation, to 
  establish a critical supply chain resiliency program, and for other 
                               purposes.

_______________________________________________________________________

                              May 13, 2021

                       Reported with an amendment