    [Congressional Bills 117th Congress]
    [From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
    [S. 1260 Reported in Senate (RS)]

    <DOC>

                                                            Calendar No. 58
    117th CONGRESS
      1st Session
                                    S. 1260

      To establish a new Directorate for Technology and Innovation in the
      National Science Foundation, to establish a regional technology hub
        program, to require a strategy and report on economic security,
      science, research, innovation, manufacturing, and job creation, to
      establish a critical supply chain resiliency program, and for other
                                   purposes.

    _______________________________________________________________________

                       IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                                 April 20, 2021

       Mr. Schumer (for himself, Mr. Young, Ms. Hassan, Ms. Collins, Mr.
    Coons, Mr. Portman, Ms. Baldwin, Mr. Graham, Mr. Peters, Mr. Blunt, Mr.
       Daines, Mr. Van Hollen, Mr. Romney, and Mr. Kelly) introduced the
     following bill; which was read twice and referred to the Committee on
                     Commerce, Science, and Transportation

                                  May 13, 2021

                  Reported by Ms. Cantwell, with an amendment
     [Strike out all after the enacting clause and insert the part printed
                                   in italic]

    _______________________________________________________________________

                                     A BILL

      To establish a new Directorate for Technology and Innovation in the
      National Science Foundation, to establish a regional technology hub
        program, to require a strategy and report on economic security,
      science, research, innovation, manufacturing, and job creation, to
      establish a critical supply chain resiliency program, and for other
                                   purposes.

        Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the
    United States of America in Congress assembled,

    <DELETED>SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.</DELETED>

    <DELETED>    This Act may be cited as the ``Endless Frontier
    Act''.</DELETED>

    <DELETED>SEC. 2. FINDINGS.</DELETED>

    <DELETED>    Congress finds the following:</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (1) For over 70 years, the United States has been
            the unequivocal global leader in scientific and technological
            innovation, and as a result the people of the United States
            have benefitted through good-paying jobs, economic prosperity,
            and a higher quality of life.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (A) Today, however, this leadership
                    position is being eroded and challenged by foreign
                    competitors, some of which are stealing intellectual
                    property and trade secrets of the United States and
                    aggressively investing in research and
                    commercialization to dominate the key existing and
                    future technology fields.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (B) While the United States once led the
                    world in the share of our economy invested in research,
                    our Nation now ranks 9th globally in total research and
                    development and 12th in publicly financed research and
                    development.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (C) While wages for American workers rose
                    in parallel with growth in national productivity from
                    the end of World War II through most of the 1970s,
                    since then wage growth has been uneven and labor's
                    share in national income has declined.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (2) Without a significant increase in investment
            in research, education, technology transfer, intellectual
            property, manufacturing, and other core strengths of the United
            States innovation ecosystem, it is only a matter of time before
            the global competitors of the United States overtake the United
            States in terms of technological primacy. The country that wins
            the race in key technologies--such as artificial intelligence,
            quantum computing, advanced communications, and advanced
            manufacturing--and uses technological innovation to support
            high-quality jobs and incomes will be the superpower of the
            future.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (3) The Federal Government must catalyze United
            States innovation by boosting research investments focused on
            discovering, creating, commercializing, and demonstrating new
            technologies and manufacturing those technologies domestically
            throughout the country to ensure the leadership of the United
            States in the industries of the future.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (4) The distribution of innovation jobs and
            investment in the United States has become largely concentrated
            in just a few locations, while much of the Nation has been left
            out of growth in the innovation sector. More than 90 percent of
            the Nation's innovation sector employment growth in the last 15
            years was generated in just 5 major metropolitan areas. The
            Federal Government must address this imbalance in opportunity
            by--</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (A) dramatically increasing funding for
                    science and engineering research and expanding
                    partnerships with the private sector to build new
                    technology hubs across the country;</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (B) spreading high-quality innovation
                    sector jobs more broadly;</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (C) increasing the participation of
                    underrepresented populations, engaging workers, and
                    collaborating with labor organizations in innovation
                    efforts to tap the talent and potential of the entire
                    Nation to ensure the United States leads the industries
                    of the future; and</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (D) building regional capacity in such
                    critical areas as entrepreneurship, access to capital
                    and other investment, and supply chain
                    development.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (5) As President Franklin D. Roosevelt stated,
            ``[N]ew frontiers of the mind are before us, and if they are
            pioneered with the same vision, boldness, and drive with which
            we have waged this war we can create a fuller and more fruitful
            employment and a fuller and more fruitful life.''</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (6) As Vannevar Bush stated in his 1945 report
            entitled Science, The Endless Frontier, ``New products, new
            industries, and more jobs require continuous additions to
            knowledge of the laws of nature, and the application of that
            knowledge to practical purposes. Similarly, our defense against
            aggression demands new knowledge so that we can develop new and
            improved weapons. This essential, new knowledge can be obtained
            only through basic scientific research.''</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (7) Since their inception, the National Science
            Foundation and other key Federal agencies, like the Department
            of Energy, have carried out vital work supporting basic and
            applied research to create knowledge that is a key driver of
            the economy of the United States and enhances the Nation's
            security.</DELETED>

    <DELETED>SEC. 3. IMPROVING TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION RESEARCH AT THE
                  NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION.</DELETED>

    <DELETED>    (a) Providing Authority To Disseminate Information.--
    Section 11 of the National Science Foundation Act of 1950 (42 U.S.C.
    1870) is amended--</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (1) in subsection (j), by striking ``and'' after
            the semicolon;</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (2) in subsection (k), by striking the period at
            the end and inserting ``; and''; and</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (3) by adding at the end the following:</DELETED>
    <DELETED>    ``(l) provide for the widest practicable and appropriate
    dissemination of information within the United States concerning the
    Foundation's activities and the results thereof.''.</DELETED>
    <DELETED>    (b) Establishment of Directorate for Technology and
    Innovation.--The National Science Foundation Act of 1950 (42 U.S.C.
    1861 et seq.) is amended--</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (1) in section 8 (42 U.S.C. 1866), by inserting at
            the end the following: ``Such divisions shall include the
            Directorate for Technology and Innovation established under
            section 8A.''; and</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (2) by inserting after section 8 the
            following:</DELETED>

    <DELETED>``SEC. 8A. IMPROVING RESEARCH AND ESTABLISHING DIRECTORATE FOR
                  TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION.</DELETED>

    <DELETED>    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(1) Community college.--The term `community
            college' has the meaning given the term `junior or community
            college' in section 312(f) of the Higher Education Act of 1965
            (20 U.S.C. 1058(f)).</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(2) Designated country.--The term `designated
            country' means a country that has been approved and designated
            in writing by the President for purposes of this section, after
            providing--</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(A) not less than 30 days of advance
                    notification and explanation to the relevant
                    congressional committees before the designation;
                    and</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(B) in-person briefings to such
                    committees, if requested during the 30-day advance
                    notification period described in subparagraph
                    (A).</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(3) Directorate.--The term `Directorate' means
            the Directorate for Technology and Innovation established under
            subsection (b).</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(4) Emerging research institution.--The term
            `emerging research institution' means an institution of higher
            education with an established undergraduate student program
            that has, on average for the 3 years prior to an application
            for an award under this section, received less than $35,000,000
            in Federal research funding.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(5) Federal research facility.--The term
            `Federal research facility' includes a research laboratory of
            the Department of Agriculture and any other federally funded
            research and development center.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(6) Historically black college or university.--
            The term `historically Black college or university' has the
            meaning given the term `part B institution' in section 322 of
            the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1061).</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(7) Institution of higher education.--The term
            `institution of higher education' has the meaning given the
            term in section 101(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20
            U.S.C. 1001(a)).</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(8) Key technology focus areas.--The term `key
            technology focus areas' means the areas included on the most
            recent list under subsection (d)(2).</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(9) Labor organization.--The term `labor
            organization' has the meaning given the term in section 2(5) of
            the National Labor Relations Act (29 U.S.C. 152(5)), except
            that such term shall also include--</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(A) any organization composed of labor
                    organizations, such as a labor union federation or a
                    State or municipal labor body; and</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(B) any organization which would be
                    included in the definition for such term under such
                    section 2(5) but for the fact that the organization
                    represents--</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(i) individuals employed by the
                            United States, any wholly owned Government
                            corporation, any Federal Reserve Bank, or any
                            State or political subdivision
                            thereof;</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(ii) individuals employed by
                            persons subject to the Railway Labor Act (45
                            U.S.C. 151 et seq.); or</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(iii) individuals employed as
                            agricultural laborers.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(10) Minority-serving institution.--The term
            `minority-serving institution' means an institution described
            in section 371(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20
            U.S.C. 1067q(a)).</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(11) National laboratory.--The term `National
            Laboratory' has the meaning given the term in section 2 of the
            Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 15801).</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(12) Relevant congressional committees.--The
            term `relevant congressional committees' means--</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(A) the Committee on Armed Services, the
                    Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, the
                    Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, the
                    Committee on Appropriations, the Committee on Foreign
                    Relations, the Committee on Health, Education, Labor,
                    and Pensions, and the Select Committee on Intelligence
                    of the Senate; and</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(B) the Committee on Armed Services, the
                    Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, the
                    Committee on Appropriations, the Committee on Foreign
                    Affairs, and the Permanent Select Committee on
                    Intelligence of the House of Representatives.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(13) STEM.--The term `STEM' has the meaning
            given such term in section 2 of the America COMPETES
            Reauthorization Act of 2010 (Public Law 111-358; 42 U.S.C. 6621
            note).</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(14) Tribal college or university.--The term
            `Tribal college or university' has the meaning given the term
            in section 316(b)(3) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20
            U.S.C. 1059c(b)(3)).</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(15) Underrepresented populations.--The term
            `underrepresented populations' means women, minorities,
            veterans, tribal populations, persons with disabilities, and
            other populations that are underrepresented in STEM.</DELETED>
    <DELETED>    ``(b) Establishment of Directorate for Technology and
    Innovation.--</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(1) In general.--Not later than 90 days after
            the date of enactment of the Endless Frontier Act, the Director
            shall establish in the Foundation a Directorate for Technology
            and Innovation. The Directorate shall carry out the duties and
            responsibilities described in this section, in order to further
            the following goals:</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(A) Strengthening the leadership of the
                    United States in critical technologies, as described as
                    a critical national need in section 7018 of the America
                    COMPETES Act (42 U.S.C. 1862o-5), through basic
                    research in the key technology focus areas and the
                    commercialization of those technologies to businesses
                    in the United States.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(B) Addressing and mitigating technology
                    challenges integral to the geostrategic position of the
                    United States through the activities authorized by this
                    section.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(C) Enhancing the competitiveness of the
                    United States in the key technology focus areas by
                    improving education in the key technology focus areas
                    and attracting more students to such areas at all
                    levels of education.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(D) Consistent with the mission and
                    operations of the Foundation, fostering the economic
                    and societal impact of federally funded research and
                    development through an accelerated translation of basic
                    advances in the key technology focus areas into
                    processes and products, known as technology transfer,
                    that can help achieve national goals related to
                    economic competitiveness, domestic manufacturing,
                    national security, shared prosperity, energy and the
                    environment, health, education and workforce
                    development, and transportation.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(E) Utilizing the full potential of the
                    United States workforce by encouraging broader
                    participation in key technology focus areas by
                    underrepresented populations.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(F) Ensuring the programmatic work of
                    the Directorate and Foundation incorporates a workforce
                    perspective from labor organizations and workforce
                    training organizations.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(2) Organization and administrative matters.--
            </DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(A) Program managers.--The employees of
                    the Directorate may include program managers for the
                    key technology focus areas, who may perform a role
                    similar to program managers employed by the Defense
                    Advanced Research Projects Agency for the oversight and
                    selection of programs supported by the
                    Directorate.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(B) Selection of recipients.--Recipients
                    of support under the programs and activities of the
                    Directorate shall be selected by program managers or
                    other employees of the Directorate and the selection
                    criteria for financial assistance awards shall include
                    intellectual merit and broader impacts, including
                    economic impacts on the advanced technology production
                    system of the United States. The Directorate may use a
                    peer review process or the authorities provided under
                    subsection (c), or some combination of such process and
                    authorities, to inform the selection of award
                    recipients.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(C) Report.--Not later than 1 year after
                    the date of enactment of the Endless Frontier Act, the
                    Director shall prepare and submit a report to the
                    relevant congressional committees regarding the use of
                    alternative methods for the selection of recipients and
                    the distribution of funding to recipients as compared
                    to the traditional peer review process.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(D) Assistant directors.--The Director
                    shall appoint an Assistant Director for the
                    Directorate, in the same manner as other Assistant
                    Directors of the Foundation are appointed.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(3) Report.--Not later than 120 days after the
            date of enactment of the Endless Frontier Act, the Director
            shall prepare and submit a report to the relevant congressional
            committees regarding the establishment of the
            Directorate.</DELETED>
    <DELETED>    ``(c) Personnel Management Authorities for the
    Foundation.--In addition to the authorities and requirements of section
    15, the Director shall have the following authorities:</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(1) Experts in science and engineering.--The
            Director shall have the authority to carry out a program of
            personnel management authority in the same manner, and subject
            to the same requirements, as the program of personnel
            management authority authorized for the Director of the Defense
            Advanced Research Projects Agency under section 1599h of title
            10, United States Code, for the Defense Advanced Research
            Projects Agency.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(2) Highly qualified experts in needed
            occupations.--In addition to the authority provided under
            paragraph (1), the Director shall have the authority to carry
            out a program of personnel management authority in the same
            manner, and subject to the same requirements, as the program to
            attract highly qualified experts carried out by the Secretary
            of Defense under section 9903 of title 5, United States Code.
            Individuals hired by the Director through such authority shall
            include individuals with expertise in business creativity,
            innovation management, design thinking, entrepreneurship,
            venture capital, and related fields.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(3) Additional hiring authority.--To the extent
            needed to carry out the duties in paragraph (1), the Director
            is authorized to utilize hiring authorities under section 3372
            of title 5, United States Code, to staff the Directorate with
            employees from other Federal agencies, State and local
            governments, Indian Tribes and Tribal organizations,
            institutions of higher education, and other organizations, as
            described in that section, in the same manner and subject to
            the same conditions, that apply to such individuals utilized to
            accomplish other missions of the Foundation.</DELETED>
    <DELETED>    ``(d) Duties and Functions of the Directorate.--</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(1) Development of technology focus of the
            directorate.--The Director shall--</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(A) through the Directorate, advance
                    innovation in the key technology focus areas through
                    basic and translational research and other activities
                    described in this section;</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(B) develop and implement strategies to
                    ensure that the activities of the Directorate are
                    directed toward the key technology focus areas in order
                    to accomplish the goals described in subsection (b)(1)
                    consistent with the most recent report conducted under
                    section 5(b) of the Endless Frontier Act; and</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(C) develop and focus on innovation
                    methods, processes, and promising practices that can
                    affect the speed and effectiveness of innovation
                    processes at scale.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(2) Key technology focus areas.--</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(A) Initial list.--The initial key
                    technology focus areas are--</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(i) artificial intelligence,
                            machine learning, and other software
                            advances;</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(ii) high performance computing,
                            semiconductors, and advanced computer
                            hardware;</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(iii) quantum computing and
                            information systems;</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(iv) robotics, automation, and
                            advanced manufacturing;</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(v) natural and anthropogenic
                            disaster prevention or mitigation;</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(vi) advanced communications
                            technology;</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(vii) biotechnology, medical
                            technology, genomics, and synthetic
                            biology;</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(viii) cybersecurity, data
                            storage, and data management
                            technologies;</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(ix) advanced energy, batteries,
                            and industrial efficiency; and</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(x) advanced materials science,
                            engineering, and exploration relevant to the
                            other key technology focus areas described in
                            this subparagraph.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(B) Review of key technology focus areas
                    and subsequent lists.--</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(i) Adding or deleting key
                            technology focus areas.--Beginning on the date
                            that is 3 years after the date of enactment of
                            the Endless Frontier Act, and every 3 years
                            thereafter, the Director, in coordination with
                            the Director of the Office of Science and
                            Technology Policy, the Director of National
                            Institute of Standards and Technology, the
                            Secretary of Energy, the Secretary of Defense,
                            the Director of the National Institutes of
                            Health, and, as appropriate, the heads of other
                            departments and agencies--</DELETED>
                                    <DELETED>    ``(I) shall review the
                                    list of key technology focus
                                    areas;</DELETED>
                                    <DELETED>    ``(II) may consider the
                                    challenges and recommendations
                                    identified in the report required by
                                    section 11 of the Endless Frontier Act;
                                    and</DELETED>
                                    <DELETED>    ``(III) as part of that
                                    review, may add or delete key
                                    technology focus areas if societal
                                    challenges or the competitive threats
                                    to the United States have shifted
                                    (whether because the United States or
                                    other nations have advanced or fallen
                                    behind in a technological area),
                                    subject to clause (ii).</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(ii) Limit on key technology
                            focus areas.--Not more than 10 key technology
                            focus areas shall be included on the list of
                            key technology focus areas at any
                            time.</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(iii) Updating focus areas and
                            distribution.--Prior to completion of each
                            review under this subparagraph, the Director
                            shall make the list of key technology focus
                            areas readily available to the public and
                            available for public comment, including, at a
                            minimum, by publishing the list in the Federal
                            Register even if no changes are expected to be
                            made to the prior list.</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(iv) Extraordinary circumstance
                            waiver.--In extraordinary circumstances, the
                            Director of the Office of Science and
                            Technology Policy may grant the Director the
                            ability to add or delete key technology focus
                            areas without acting in coordination as
                            described in clause (i). If such an ability is
                            determined to be necessary by the Director of
                            the Office of Science and Technology Policy,
                            the Director and the Director of the Office of
                            Science and Technology Policy shall not later
                            than 15 days ahead of such a waiver being
                            granted submit a detailed description and
                            justification to the relevant congressional
                            committees.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(3) Activities.--</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(A) In general.--In carrying out the
                    duties and functions of the Directorate, the Director--
                    </DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(i) may make awards in a
                            technologically neutral manner for key
                            technology focus areas to--</DELETED>
                                    <DELETED>    ``(I) individual
                                    institutions of higher education for
                                    work at centers or by individual
                                    researchers or teams of
                                    researchers;</DELETED>
                                    <DELETED>    ``(II) not-for-profit
                                    entities; and</DELETED>
                                    <DELETED>    ``(III) consortia that--
                                    </DELETED>
                                            <DELETED>    ``(aa) shall
                                            include and be led by an
                                            institution of higher
                                            education, or by a not-for-
                                            profit entity designed to
                                            support technology development,
                                            and may include 1 or more
                                            additional institutions of
                                            higher education;</DELETED>
                                            <DELETED>    ``(bb) shall
                                            include at least one of the
                                            following:</DELETED>

                                                    <DELETED>    ``(AA) a
                                                    historically Black
                                                    college or
                                                    university;</DELETED>

                                                    <DELETED>    ``(BB) a
                                                    Tribal College or
                                                    University;</DELETED>

                                                    <DELETED>    ``(CC)
                                                    another minority-
                                                    serving
                                                    institution;</DELETED>

                                                    <DELETED>    ``(DD) an
                                                    institution that
                                                    participates in the
                                                    Established Program to
                                                    Stimulate Competitive
                                                    Research under section
                                                    113 of the National
                                                    Science Foundation
                                                    Authorization Act of
                                                    1988 (42 U.S.C.
                                                    1862g);</DELETED>

                                                    <DELETED>    ``(EE) an
                                                    emerging research
                                                    institution that is not
                                                    classified as a very
                                                    high research activity
                                                    by the Carnegie
                                                    Classification of
                                                    Institutions of Higher
                                                    Education and that has
                                                    an undergraduate
                                                    enrollment with a
                                                    majority of students
                                                    who are from
                                                    underrepresented
                                                    populations;
                                                    or</DELETED>

                                                    <DELETED>    ``(FF) a
                                                    community college;
                                                    and</DELETED>

                                            <DELETED>    ``(cc) may include
                                            1 or more--</DELETED>

                                                    <DELETED>    ``(AA)
                                                    entities described in
                                                    subclause (I) or (II)
                                                    and industries,
                                                    including startups,
                                                    small businesses, and
                                                    public-private
                                                    partnerships;</DELETED>

                                                    <DELETED>    ``(BB)
                                                    economic development
                                                    organizations or
                                                    venture development
                                                    organizations, as such
                                                    term is defined in
                                                    section 28(a) of the
                                                    Stevenson-Wydler
                                                    Technology Innovation
                                                    Act of 1980;</DELETED>

                                                    <DELETED>    ``(CC)
                                                    National
                                                    Laboratories;</DELETED>

                                                    <DELETED>    ``(DD)
                                                    Federal laboratories,
                                                    as defined in section 4
                                                    of the Stevenson-Wydler
                                                    Technology Innovation
                                                    Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C.
                                                    3703);</DELETED>

                                                    <DELETED>    ``(EE)
                                                    Federal research
                                                    facilities;</DELETED>

                                                    <DELETED>    ``(FF)
                                                    labor
                                                    organizations;</DELETED>

                                                    <DELETED>    ``(GG)
                                                    entities described in
                                                    subclause (I) or (II)
                                                    from allied or partner
                                                    countries;</DELETED>

                                                    <DELETED>    ``(HH)
                                                    other entities if
                                                    determined by the
                                                    Director to be vital to
                                                    the success of the
                                                    program; and</DELETED>

                                                    <DELETED>    ``(II)
                                                    binational research and
                                                    development foundations
                                                    and funds, excluding
                                                    foreign entities of
                                                    concern;</DELETED>

                            <DELETED>    ``(ii) may partner with other
                            directorates of the Foundation for projects or
                            research, including--</DELETED>
                                    <DELETED>    ``(I) to pursue basic
                                    questions about natural, human, and
                                    physical phenomena that could enable
                                    advances in the key technology focus
                                    areas;</DELETED>
                                    <DELETED>    ``(II) to study questions
                                    that could affect the design (including
                                    human interfaces), operation,
                                    deployment, or the social and ethical
                                    consequences of technologies in the key
                                    technology focus areas, including the
                                    development of technologies that
                                    complement or enhance the abilities of
                                    workers and impact of specific
                                    innovations on domestic jobs and
                                    equitable opportunity; and</DELETED>
                                    <DELETED>    ``(III) to further the
                                    creation of a domestic workforce
                                    capable of advancing, using, and
                                    adapting to key technology focus areas
                                    and understanding and improving the
                                    impact of key technology focus areas on
                                    STEM teaching and learning advancing
                                    the key technology focus areas,
                                    including engaging relevant partners in
                                    research and innovation
                                    programs;</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(iii) may provide funds to any
                            other Federal agencies for intramural or
                            extramural work in the key technology focus
                            areas through research, manufacturing, or other
                            means;</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(iv) may make awards under the
                            SBIR and STTR programs (as defined in section
                            9(e) of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C.
                            638(e))); and</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(v) may enter into and perform
                            such contracts, other transactions, or other
                            arrangements, or modifications thereof, as may
                            be necessary in the conduct of the work of the
                            Directorate and on such terms as the Director
                            considers appropriate, in furtherance of the
                            purposes of this Act.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(B) Reports.--Not later than 180 days
                    after the date of enactment of the Endless Frontier
                    Act, the Director, in coordination with the Secretary
                    of State and the Director of the Office of Science and
                    Technology Policy, shall prepare and submit to the
                    relevant congressional committees--</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(i) a plan to seek out
                            additional investments from--</DELETED>
                                    <DELETED>    ``(I) certain designated
                                    countries; and</DELETED>
                                    <DELETED>    ``(II) entities other than
                                    institutions of higher education;
                                    and</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(ii) the planned activities of
                            the Directorate to secure federally funded
                            science and technology pursuant to section 1746
                            of the National Defense Authorization Act for
                            Fiscal Year 2020 (Public Law 116-92) and
                            section 223 of William M. (Mac) Thornberry
                            National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal
                            Year 2021 (Public Law 116-283).</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(C) Annual briefing.--Each year, the
                    Director shall formally request a briefing from the
                    Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of Commerce, the
                    Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, the
                    Director of National Intelligence, and as appropriate
                    other department or agency heads regarding their
                    efforts to preserve the United States advantages
                    generated by the activity of the Directorate.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(4) Interagency cooperation.--</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(A) In general.--In carrying out this
                    section, the Director and other Federal research
                    agencies, in consultation with the United States Patent
                    and Trademark Office where appropriate, shall work
                    cooperatively with each other to further the goals of
                    this section in the key technology focus
                    areas.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(B) Coordination with nist and
                    department of energy.--In making research awards under
                    this section, the Director shall, as appropriate, work
                    in coordination with the Director of the National
                    Institute of Standards and Technology and the Secretary
                    of Energy.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(C) Comptroller general report.--Each
                    year, the Comptroller General of the United States
                    shall prepare and submit a report to Congress, and
                    shall simultaneously submit the report to the Director
                    and the Director of the Office of Science and
                    Technology Policy, describing the interagency
                    cooperation that occurred during the preceding year
                    pursuant to this paragraph, including a list of--
                    </DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(i) any funds provided under
                            paragraph (3)(A)(ii) to other divisions of the
                            Foundation; and</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(ii) any funds provided under
                            paragraph (3)(A)(iii) to other Federal research
                            agencies.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(5) Providing scholarships, fellowships, and
            other student support.--</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(A) In general.--The Director, acting
                    through the Directorate, shall fund undergraduate
                    scholarships (including at community colleges),
                    graduate fellowships and traineeships, and postdoctoral
                    awards in the key technology focus areas.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(B) Implementation.--The Director may
                    carry out subparagraph (A) by providing funds--
                    </DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(i) for making awards--
                            </DELETED>
                                    <DELETED>    ``(I) directly to
                                    students; and</DELETED>
                                    <DELETED>    ``(II) to institutions of
                                    higher education or consortia of
                                    institutions of higher education,
                                    including those institutions or
                                    consortia involved in operating
                                    university technology centers
                                    established under paragraph (6);
                                    and</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(ii) to programs in Federal
                            research agencies that have experience awarding
                            such scholarships, fellowships, traineeships,
                            or postdoctoral awards.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(C) Broadening participation.--In
                    carrying out this paragraph, the Director should work
                    to increase the participation of underrepresented
                    populations in fields related to the key technology
                    focus areas. For that purpose, the Director may take
                    such steps as establishing or augmenting programs
                    targeted at underrepresented populations, and
                    supporting traineeships or other relevant programs at
                    institutions of higher education with high enrollments
                    of underrepresented populations.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(D) Innovation.--In carrying out this
                    paragraph, the Director shall encourage innovation in
                    graduate education, including through encouraging
                    institutions of higher education to offer graduate
                    students opportunities to gain experience in industry
                    or government as part of their graduate training, and
                    through support for students in professional masters
                    programs related to the key technology focus
                    areas.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(E) Supplement, not supplant.--The
                    Director shall ensure that funds made available under
                    this paragraph shall be used to create additional
                    support for postsecondary students and shall not
                    displace funding for any other available
                    support.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(6) University technology centers.--</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(A) In general.--From amounts made
                    available to the Directorate, the Director shall,
                    through a competitive application and selection
                    process, make awards to institutions of higher
                    education or consortia described in paragraph
                    (3)(A)(i)(III) to establish university technology
                    centers.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(B) Uses of funds.--</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(i) In general.--A center
                            established under an award under subparagraph
                            (A)--</DELETED>
                                    <DELETED>    ``(I) shall use support
                                    provided under such subparagraph--
                                    </DELETED>
                                            <DELETED>    ``(aa) to carry
                                            out basic and translational
                                            research to advance innovation
                                            in the key technology focus
                                            areas; and</DELETED>
                                            <DELETED>    ``(bb) to further
                                            the development and
                                            commercialization of
                                            innovations, including
                                            inventions, in the key
                                            technology focus areas,
                                            including--</DELETED>

                                                    <DELETED>    ``(AA)
                                                    innovations derived
                                                    from research carried
                                                    out under item (aa),
                                                    through such activities
                                                    as translational
                                                    research, proof-of-
                                                    concept development,
                                                    and prototyping, in
                                                    order to reduce the
                                                    cost, time, and risk of
                                                    commercializing new
                                                    technologies;</DELETED>

                                                    <DELETED>    ``(BB) to
                                                    promote patenting and
                                                    commercialization of
                                                    inventions derived from
                                                    research carried out
                                                    under item (aa);
                                                    and</DELETED>

                                                    <DELETED>    ``(CC)
                                                    through the use of
                                                    public-private
                                                    partnerships;
                                                    and</DELETED>

                                    <DELETED>    ``(II) may use support
                                    provided under such subparagraph--
                                    </DELETED>
                                            <DELETED>    ``(aa) for the
                                            costs of equipment;</DELETED>
                                            <DELETED>    ``(bb) for the
                                            costs associated with
                                            technology transfer and
                                            commercialization, including
                                            patenting and licensing;
                                            or</DELETED>
                                            <DELETED>    ``(cc) for other
                                            activities or costs necessary
                                            to accomplish the purposes of
                                            this section, including for
                                            operations and staff.</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(ii) Support of regional
                            technology hubs.--Each center established under
                            subparagraph (A) may support and participate
                            in, as appropriate, the activities of any
                            regional technology hub designated under
                            section 28(b)(1)(A) of the Stevenson-Wydler
                            Technology Innovation Act of 1980.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(C) Selection process.--In selecting
                    recipients under this paragraph, the Director shall
                    consider--</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(i) the capacity of the
                            applicant to pursue and advance basic and
                            translational research;</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(ii) the extent to which the
                            applicant's proposed research would be likely
                            to advance American competitiveness in 1 or
                            more key technology focus areas;</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(iii) the extent to which the
                            applicant's proposal would broaden
                            participation by underrepresented populations
                            in those areas;</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(iv) the capacity of the
                            applicant to engage industry, labor, and other
                            appropriate organizations on any
                            advances;</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(v) whether the applicant's
                            proposed research will, where applicable,
                            contribute to growth in domestic manufacturing
                            capacity and job creation;</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(vi) the quality of plans for
                            dissemination of research and technology
                            results, in accordance with relevant export
                            control laws;</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(vii) how the applicant will,
                            where applicable, encourage the training and
                            participation of entrepreneurs and the
                            translation of research results to practice,
                            including the development of new
                            businesses;</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(viii) how the applicant will
                            encourage the participation of inventors and
                            entrepreneurs and the development of new
                            businesses, where applicable;</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(ix) regional and geographic
                            diversity;</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(x) in the case of a consortium,
                            the extent to which the proposal includes
                            institutions listed in paragraph
                            (3)(A)(i)(III)(bb); and</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(xi) the amount of funds from
                            industry organizations described in
                            subparagraph (D)(ii) the applicant would use
                            towards establishing the center under
                            subparagraph (A).</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(D) Requirements.--The Director shall
                    ensure that any institution of higher education or
                    consortium receiving an award under subparagraph (A)
                    has--</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(i) the capacity or the ability
                            to acquire the capacity to advance the goals
                            described in subsection (b)(1); and</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(ii) secured contributions for
                            establishing the center under subparagraph (A)
                            from industry organizations in an amount not
                            less than 10 percent of the total amount of the
                            award the institution or consortium would
                            receive under subparagraph (A).</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(7) Moving technology from laboratory to
            market.--</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(A) Program authorized.--</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(i) In general.--The Director,
                            in coordination with the Director of the
                            National Institute of Standards and Technology,
                            shall establish a program in the Directorate to
                            make awards, on a competitive basis, to
                            institutions of higher education or consortia
                            described in paragraph (3)(A)(i)(III)--
                            </DELETED>
                                    <DELETED>    ``(I) to build capacity at
                                    an institution of higher education or
                                    within the consortium and facilitate
                                    collaboration with firms in the key
                                    technology focus areas to increase the
                                    likelihood that new technologies in the
                                    key technology focus areas will succeed
                                    in the commercial market; and</DELETED>
                                    <DELETED>    ``(II) with the goal of
                                    promoting experiments with a range of
                                    models that institutions of higher
                                    education or consortia could use to--
                                    </DELETED>
                                            <DELETED>    ``(aa) enable new
                                            technologies and inventions to
                                            mature to the point where the
                                            technologies are more likely to
                                            succeed in the commercial
                                            market and promote the creation
                                            of high-quality jobs in the
                                            United States; and</DELETED>
                                            <DELETED>    ``(bb) reduce the
                                            risks to commercial success for
                                            new technologies and inventions
                                            earlier in their
                                            development.</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(ii) Use for training.--An award
                            under this subparagraph for a purpose described
                            in subclause (I) or (II) of clause (i) may also
                            enable the institution of higher education or
                            consortium to provide training and support to
                            scientists, engineers, and inventors who are
                            interested in research, technology transfer,
                            and commercialization, including patenting and
                            licensing, if the use is included in the
                            proposal submitted under subparagraph
                            (B).</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(B) Proposals.--An institution of higher
                    education or consortium desiring an award under this
                    paragraph shall submit a proposal to the Director at
                    such time, in such manner, and containing such
                    information as the Director may require. The proposal
                    shall include a description of--</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(i) the broader impact of the
                            proposal;</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(ii) the steps the applicant is
                            studying or will take to enable technology
                            transfer to reduce the risks for
                            commercialization for new technologies,
                            including how the applicant will collaborate
                            with firms in the key technology focus
                            areas;</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(iii) why such steps are likely
                            to be effective;</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(iv) how such steps differ from
                            previous efforts to reduce the risks for
                            commercialization for new
                            technologies;</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(v) whether the commercial
                            viability of any new technologies will promote
                            the creation of high-quality jobs in the United
                            States;</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(vi) how the applicant will,
                            where applicable, encourage the participation
                            of inventors and entrepreneurs and the
                            development of new businesses; and</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(vii) how the applicant will,
                            where applicable, encourage the training and
                            participation of entrepreneurs and the
                            translation of research results to practice,
                            including the development of new
                            businesses.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(C) Use of funds.--A recipient of an
                    award under this paragraph shall use award funds to
                    reduce the risks for commercialization for new
                    technologies, which may include--</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(i) creating and funding
                            competitions to allow entrepreneurial ideas
                            from institutions of higher education or
                            consortia described in paragraph (3)(A)(i)(III)
                            to illustrate their commercialization
                            potential;</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(ii) facilitating relationships
                            among local and national business leaders,
                            including investors, and potential
                            entrepreneurs to encourage successful
                            commercialization;</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(iii) creating or supporting
                            entities that could enable researchers to
                            further develop new technology, through patient
                            capital investment, advice, staff support, or
                            other means;</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(iv) providing facilities for
                            start-up companies where technology maturation
                            could occur;</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(v) covering legal and other
                            fees associated with technology transfer and
                            commercialization, including patenting and
                            licensing; and</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(vi) revising institution
                            policies, including policies related to
                            intellectual property and faculty
                            entrepreneurship, to accomplish the goals of
                            this paragraph.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(D) Reporting on commercialization based
                    on metrics.--The Director shall establish--</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(i) metrics related to
                            commercialization for an award under this
                            paragraph; and</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(ii) a reporting schedule for
                            recipients of such awards that takes into
                            account both short- and long-term goals of the
                            program under this paragraph.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(8) Test beds.--</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(A) Program authorized.--</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(i) In general.--The Director,
                            in coordination with the Director of the
                            National Institute of Standards and Technology,
                            shall establish a program in the Directorate to
                            make awards, on a competitive basis, to
                            institutions of higher education or consortia
                            described in paragraph (3)(A)(i)(III) to
                            establish and operate test beds and fabrication
                            facilities to advance the operation,
                            integration, deployment, and, as appropriate,
                            manufacturing of new, innovative technologies
                            in the key technology focus areas, which may
                            include hardware or software. The goal of such
                            test beds and facilities shall be to accelerate
                            the movement of innovative technologies into
                            the commercial market through the private
                            sector.</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(ii) Coordination.--In
                            establishing the program under clause (i), the
                            Director shall ensure coordination in
                            establishing new test beds under this paragraph
                            with other test beds supported by the
                            Foundation or established under Manufacturing
                            USA to avoid duplication and maximize the use
                            of Federal resources.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(B) Proposals.--A proposal submitted
                    under this paragraph shall, at a minimum, describe--
                    </DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(i)(I) the technology or
                            technologies that will be the focus of the test
                            bed or fabrication facility;</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(II) the goals of the work to be
                            done at the test bed or facility; and</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(III) the expected schedule for
                            completing that work;</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(ii) how the applicant will
                            assemble a workforce with the skills needed to
                            operate the test bed or facility;</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(iii) how the applicant will
                            ensure broad access to the facility;</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(iv) how the applicant will
                            collaborate with firms in the key technology
                            focus areas, including through coordinated
                            research and development and funding, to ensure
                            that work in the test bed or facility will
                            contribute to the commercial viability of any
                            technologies and will include collaboration
                            from industry and labor
                            organizations;</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(v) how the applicant will
                            encourage the participation of inventors and
                            entrepreneurs and the development of new
                            businesses;</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(vi) how the applicant will
                            increase participation by underrepresented
                            populations;</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(vii) how the applicant will
                            demonstrate that the commercial viability of
                            any new technologies will support the creation
                            of high-quality domestic jobs;</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(viii) how the test bed or
                            facility will operate after Federal funding has
                            ended; and</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(ix) how the test bed will
                            disseminate lessons and other technical
                            information to United States firms or allied or
                            partner country firms in the United
                            States.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(C) Awards.--Awards made under this
                    paragraph shall be for 7 years, with the possibility of
                    5-year extensions.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(D) Authorized use of funds.--An awardee
                    under this paragraph may, in order to achieve the
                    purposes described in subparagraph (A)(i), use the
                    award for the purchase of equipment, the support of
                    graduate students and postdoctoral researchers, and the
                    salaries of staff.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(E) Results.--An awardee under this
                    paragraph may publish and share with the public the
                    results of the work conducted under this
                    paragraph.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(F) Interagency semi-annual meetings.--
                    The Director, the Director of the National Institute of
                    Standards and Technology, and the heads of other
                    departments and agencies, or their designees, with test
                    bed related equities shall hold an annual meeting to
                    coordinate their respective test bed related
                    investments, future years plan, and other appropriate
                    matters, to avoid conflicts and duplication of efforts.
                    Upon request by Congress, Congress shall be briefed on
                    the results of the meetings.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(9) Inapplicability.--Section 5(e)(1) shall not
            apply to grants, contracts, awards, or other arrangements made
            under this section.</DELETED>
    <DELETED>    ``(e) Areas of Funding Support.--Subject to the
    availability of funds to carry out this section, the Director shall
    endeavor, for each fiscal year, to use--</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(1) not less than 35 percent of funds provided
            to the Directorate for such year to carry out subsection
            (d)(6);</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(2) not less than 15 percent of such funds to
            carry out the purpose of subsection (d)(5)--</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(A) with the goal of awarding, across
                    the key technology focus areas--</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(i) not fewer than 1,000
                            postdoctoral awards;</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(ii) not fewer than 2,000
                            graduate fellowships and traineeships;
                            and</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(iii) not fewer than 1,000
                            undergraduate scholarships, including
                            scholarships to attend community
                            colleges;</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(B) of which not less than 10 percent of
                    the funds designated under this paragraph shall be used
                    to support additional awards to focus on community
                    college training, education, and teaching programs that
                    increase the participation of underrepresented
                    populations in science, technology, engineering, and
                    mathematics, including technical programs through
                    programs such as the Advanced Technological Education
                    program;</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(C) of which not less than 20 percent of
                    the funds designated under this paragraph shall be used
                    to support awards for post-doctorate fellowships,
                    graduate fellowships and traineeships, and
                    undergraduate scholarships through institutions of
                    higher education, and other institutions, located in
                    jurisdictions that participate in the Established
                    Program to Stimulate Competitive Research under section
                    113 of the National Science Foundation Authorization
                    Act of 1988 (42 U.S.C. 1862g); and</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(D) if funds remain after carrying out
                    subparagraphs (A), (B), and (C), awards to institutions
                    of higher education to enable the institutions to fund
                    the development and establishment of new or specialized
                    courses of education for graduate, undergraduate, or
                    technical college students;</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(3) not less than 5 percent of such funds to
            carry out subsection (d)(7);</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(4) not less than 10 percent of such funds to
            carry out subsection (d)(8);</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(5) not less than 15 percent of such funds to
            carry out research and related activities pursuant to
            subclauses (I) and (II) of subsection (d)(3)(A)(ii);
            and</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(6) not less than 20 percent of such funds to
            support research in the key technology focus areas through the
            Established Program to Stimulate Competitive Research under
            section 113 of the National Science Foundation Authorization
            Act of 1988 (42 U.S.C. 1862g).</DELETED>
    <DELETED>    ``(f) Technical Assistance for Award Recipients and
    Applicants.--The Director may--</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(1) coordinate with other Federal agencies to
            establish interagency and multidisciplinary teams to provide
            technical assistance to recipients of, and prospective
            applicants for, awards under this section;</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(2) by Federal interagency agreement and
            notwithstanding any other provision of law, transfer funds
            available to carry out this section to the head of another
            Federal agency to facilitate and support the provision of such
            technical assistance; and</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(3) enter into contracts with third parties to
            provide such technical assistance.</DELETED>
    <DELETED>    ``(g) Authorization of Appropriations and Limitations.--
    </DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(1) Authorization for the office of inspector
            general.--From any amounts appropriated for the Foundation for
            a fiscal year, there is authorized to be appropriated for
            necessary expenses of the Office of Inspector General of the
            Foundation an amount of not less than $10,000,000 in any fiscal
            year appropriation for the Foundation, for oversight of the
            programs and activities established under this section in
            accordance with the Inspector General Act of 1978.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(2) Supplement and not supplant.--The amounts
            authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section shall
            supplement, and not supplant, any other amounts already
            appropriated to the Foundation or Office of Inspector General
            of the Foundation, except with respect to transfers described
            in paragraph (3).</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(3) Transfer of funds authority.--For fiscal
            years 2022 through 2024, the Director shall transfer any funds
            appropriated to the Directorate to any other directorate or
            office of the Foundation for activities directly related to the
            key technology focus areas.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(4) No new awards.--The Director shall not make
            any new awards for the activities described in this section for
            any fiscal year in which the total amount appropriated to the
            Foundation (not including amounts appropriated for the
            Directorate) is less than the total amount appropriated to the
            Foundation (not including such amounts), adjusted by the rate
            of inflation, for the previous fiscal year.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(5) No funds for construction.--No funds
            provided under this section shall be used for
            construction.</DELETED>
    <DELETED>    ``(h) Rules of Construction.--Nothing in this section or
    any other amendments made to this Act by the Endless Frontier Act shall
    be construed to alter the mission of any directorate of the Foundation
    existing prior to the date of enactment of such Act, or to alter the
    award selection methods or criteria used by such
    directorates.''.</DELETED>
    <DELETED>    (c) Chief Diversity Officer.--The National Science
    Foundation Act of 1950 (42 U.S.C. 1861 et seq.), as amended by
    subsection (b), is further amended by inserting after section 8A the
    following:</DELETED>

    <DELETED>``SEC. 8B. CHIEF DIVERSITY OFFICER.</DELETED>

    <DELETED>    ``(a) Chief Diversity Officer.--</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(1) Appointment.--The Director shall appoint a
            Chief Diversity Officer of the National Science
            Foundation.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(2) Qualifications.--The Chief Diversity Officer
            should have significant experience with diversity and
            inclusion, in particular within the Federal Government and
            science community.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(3) Oversight.--The Chief Diversity Officer
            shall report directly to the Director in the performance of the
            duties of the Chief Diversity Officer under this
            section.</DELETED>
    <DELETED>    ``(b) Duties.--The Chief Diversity Officer is responsible
    for providing advice on policy, oversight, guidance, and coordination
    with respect to matters of the National Science Foundation related to
    diversity and inclusion. Other duties may include--</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(1) establishing and maintaining a strategic
            plan that publicly states a diversity definition, vision, and
            goals for the National Science Foundation;</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(2) defining a set of strategic metrics that
            are--</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(A) directly linked to key
                    organizational priorities and goals;</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(B) actionable; and</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(C) actively used to implement the
                    strategic plan under paragraph (1);</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(3) advising in the establishment of a strategic
            plan for diverse participation by institutions of higher
            education, including community colleges, historically Black
            colleges and universities, Tribal colleges or universities, and
            other minority-serving institutions (as such terms are defined
            in section 8A(a)), and individuals;</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(4) advising in the establishment of a strategic
            plan for outreach to, and recruiting from, untapped locations
            and underrepresented populations; and</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(5) performing such additional duties and
            exercise such powers as the Director may
            prescribe.''.</DELETED>
    <DELETED>    (d) Annual Report on Unfunded Priorities.--</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (1) Annual report.--Not later than 10 days after
            the date on which the budget of the President for a fiscal year
            is submitted to Congress pursuant to section 1105 of title 31,
            United States Code, the National Science Board shall submit to
            the President and to Congress a report on the unfunded
            priorities of the National Science Foundation.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (2) Elements.--Each report submitted under
            paragraph (1) shall provide--</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (A) for each directorate of the National
                    Science Foundation for the most recent, fully completed
                    fiscal year--</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    (i) the proposal success
                            rate;</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    (ii) the percentage and total
                            funding of proposals that were not funded and
                            that met the criteria for funding;
                            and</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    (iii) the most promising research
                            areas covered by proposals described in clause
                            (ii); and</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (B) a list, in order of priority, of the
                    next activities approved by the National Science Board
                    to be undertaken in the Major Research Equipment and
                    Facilities Construction account.</DELETED>
    <DELETED>    (e) Pilot Program.--</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (1) In general.--The Director, acting through the
            Directorate, shall establish a 5-year pilot program for
            awarding grants to eligible partnerships to build research and
            education capacity at emerging research institutions to enable
            such institutions to contribute to programs run by the
            Directorate.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (2) Applications.--An eligible partnership seeking
            a grant under this subsection shall submit an application to
            the Director at such time, in such manner, and containing such
            information as the Director may reasonably require, including a
            statement of how the partnership will use the funds awarded
            through the grant to achieve a lasting increase in the research
            and education capacity of each emerging research institution
            included in the eligible partnership.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (3) Activities.--An eligible partnership receiving
            a grant under this subsection may use the funds awarded through
            such grant for--</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (A) faculty salaries and
                    training;</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (B) research experiences for undergraduate
                    and graduate students;</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (C) maintenance and repair of research
                    equipment and instrumentation; and</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (D) any other activities the Director
                    determines appropriate.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (4) Definitions.--In this subsection:</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (A) Director.--The term ``Director'' means
                    the Director of the National Science
                    Foundation.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (B) Directorate; emerging research
                    institution.--The terms ``Directorate'' and ``emerging
                    research institution'' have the meanings given such
                    terms in section 8A(a) of the National Science
                    Foundation Act of 1950, except that, with respect to
                    the term ``emerging research institution'', the
                    reference in paragraph (4) of such section to an award
                    under section 8A of that Act shall be deemed a
                    reference to a grant under this subsection.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (C) Eligible partnership.--The term
                    ``eligible partnership'' means a partnership of--
                    </DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    (i) at least 1 emerging research
                            institution; and</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    (ii) at least 1 institution
                            classified as a very high research activity by
                            the Carnegie Classification of Institutions of
                            Higher Education.</DELETED>

    <DELETED>SEC. 4. ENDLESS FRONTIER FUND.</DELETED>

    <DELETED>    (a) In General.--There is authorized to be appropriated a
    total of $112,410,000,000 for fiscal years 2022 through 2026 for the
    implementation of this Act and the amendments made by this Act. Such
    funds shall be available for the implementation of this Act and the
    amendments made by this Act, and shall be administered by the Director
    of the Office of Science and Technology Policy (referred to in this
    section as the ``Director'').</DELETED>
    <DELETED>    (b) Use of Funds.--</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (1) Submission of annual allocation.--Until the
            date on which all of the amounts in the Fund described in
            subsection (a) are expended, the Director shall annually submit
            to Congress, together with the annual budget of the United
            States, a list of allocations to agencies and departments to
            implement this Act and the amendments made by this Act that
            includes a detailed description of each program proposed to be
            funded, including the estimated expenditures from the Fund for
            the program for the applicable fiscal year.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (2) Alternate allocation.--</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (A) In general.--The Commerce, Justice,
                    Science, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act for
                    the relevant fiscal year may provide for alternate
                    allocation of amounts made available under this
                    section.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (B) Allocation by president.--</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    (i) No alternate allocations.--If
                            Congress has not enacted legislation
                            establishing alternate allocations as described
                            in subparagraph (A) by the date on which the
                            Act making full-year appropriations for
                            Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related
                            Agencies for the applicable fiscal year is
                            enacted into law, amounts made available under
                            this section shall be allocated by the
                            Director.</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    (ii) Insufficient alternate
                            allocation.--If Congress enacts legislation
                            establishing alternate allocations for amounts
                            made available under this section that are less
                            than the full amount authorized to be
                            appropriated to the Fund for that fiscal year
                            under subsection (a), the difference between
                            the amount authorized to be appropriated and
                            the alternate allocation shall be allocated by
                            the Director.</DELETED>
    <DELETED>    (c) Limitation.--No funds provided under this section
    shall be used for construction, except in the case of infrastructure
    projects described in section 28(b)(1)(B) of the Stevenson-Wydler
    Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (Public Law 96-480), as added by
    section 7(a) of this Act.</DELETED>
    <DELETED>    (d) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that,
    during the period of fiscal years 2022 through 2026, the Director shall
    make available, from amounts made available under subsection (a)--
    </DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (1) $9,425,000,000 to the regional technology hub
            program under section 28 of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology
            Innovation Act of 1980 (Public Law 96-480), as added by section
            7 of this Act;</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (2) $575,000,000 to the comprehensive regional
            technology strategy grant program under section 29 of the
            Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (Public Law
            96-480), as added by section 8 of this Act, of which
            $100,000,000 shall be made available for each of fiscal years
            2022 and 2023 and $125,000,000 shall be made available for each
            of fiscal years 2024 through 2026;</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (3) $100,000,000,000 to the Directorate for
            Technology and Innovation of the National Science Foundation,
            of which $5,000,000,000 shall be made available for fiscal year
            2022, $10,000,000,000 shall be made available for fiscal year
            2023, $20,000,000,000 shall be made available for fiscal year
            2024, $30,000,000,000 shall be made available for fiscal year
            2025, and $35,000,000,000 shall be made available for fiscal
            year 2026; and</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (4) $2,410,000,000 for the period of fiscal years
            2022 through 2026 to the Manufacturing USA Program for
            activities described under section 9 of this Act.</DELETED>

    <DELETED>SEC. 5. STRATEGY AND REPORT ON ECONOMIC SECURITY, SCIENCE,
                  RESEARCH, AND INNOVATION TO SUPPORT THE NATIONAL SECURITY
                  STRATEGY.</DELETED>

    <DELETED>    (a) Definitions.--In this section:</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (1) Appropriate committees of congress.--The term
            ``appropriate committees of Congress'' means--</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (A) the Committee on Agriculture,
                    Nutrition, and Forestry, the Committee on
                    Appropriations, the Committee on Armed Services, the
                    Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, the
                    Committee on the Budget, the Committee on Commerce,
                    Science, and Transportation, the Committee on Energy
                    and Natural Resources, the Committee on Finance, the
                    Committee on Foreign Relations, the Committee on
                    Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions, the Committee
                    on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs, the
                    Committee on the Judiciary, and the Select Committee on
                    Intelligence of the Senate; and</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (B) the Committee on Agriculture, the
                    Committee on Appropriations, the Committee on Armed
                    Services, the Committee on the Budget, the Committee on
                    Education and Labor, the Committee on Energy and
                    Commerce, the Committee on Financial Services, the
                    Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee on Homeland
                    Security, the Committee on the Judiciary, the Committee
                    on Oversight and Reform, the Committee on Science,
                    Space, and Technology, the Committee on Ways and Means,
                    and the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence of
                    the House of Representatives.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (2) Key technology focus area.--The term ``key
            technology focus area'' means an area included on the most
            recent list under section 8A(d)(2) of the National Science
            Foundation Act of 1950.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (3) National security strategy.--The term
            ``national security strategy'' means the national security
            strategy required by section 108 of the National Security Act
            of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 3043).</DELETED>
    <DELETED>    (b) Strategy and Report.--</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (1) In general.--In 2021 and in each year
            thereafter before the applicable date set forth under paragraph
            (2), the Director of the Office of Science and Technology
            Policy, in coordination with the Director of the National
            Economic Council, the Director of the National Science
            Foundation, the Secretary of Commerce, the Secretary of Energy,
            the National Security Council, the United States Patent and
            Trademark Office, and the heads of other relevant Federal
            agencies and in consultation with relevant nongovernmental
            partners, shall--</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (A) review such strategy, programs, and
                    resources as the Director of the Office of Science and
                    Technology Policy determines pertain to United States
                    national competitiveness in science, research,
                    innovation, and technology transfer, including
                    patenting and licensing, to support the national
                    security strategy;</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (B) develop or revise a strategy for the
                    Federal Government to improve the national
                    competitiveness of the United States in science,
                    research, and innovation to support the national
                    security strategy; and</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (C) submit to the appropriate committees
                    of Congress--</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    (i) a report on the findings of
                            the Director with respect to the review
                            conducted under subparagraph (A); and</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    (ii) the strategy developed or
                            revised under subparagraph (B).</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (2) Applicable dates.--In each year, the
            applicable date set forth under this paragraph is as
            follows:</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (A) In 2021, December 31, 2021.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (B) In 2022 and every year thereafter--
                    </DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    (i) in any year in which a new
                            President is inaugurated, October 1 of that
                            year; and</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    (ii) in any other year, the date
                            that is 90 days after the date of the
                            transmission to Congress in that year of the
                            national security strategy.</DELETED>
    <DELETED>    (c) Elements.--</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (1) Report.--Each report submitted under
            subsection (b)(1)(C)(i) shall include the following:</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (A) An assessment of public and private
                    investment in civilian and military science and
                    technology and its implications for the geostrategic
                    position and national security of the United
                    States.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (B) A description of the prioritized
                    economic security interests and objectives, including
                    domestic job creation, of the United States relating to
                    science, research, and innovation and an assessment of
                    how investment in civilian and military science and
                    technology can advance those objectives.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (C) An assessment of how regional efforts
                    are contributing and could contribute to the innovation
                    capacity of the United States, including--</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    (i) programs run by State and
                            local governments; and</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    (ii) regional factors that are
                            contributing or could contribute positively to
                            innovation.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (D) An assessment of--</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    (i) workforce needs for
                            competitiveness and national security in key
                            technology areas; and</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    (ii) Federal support needed--
                            </DELETED>
                                    <DELETED>    (I) to expand domestic and
                                    international student pathways into key
                                    technology areas; and</DELETED>
                                    <DELETED>    (II) to improve workforce
                                    development and employment systems, as
                                    well as programs and practices to
                                    upskill incumbent workers.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (E) An assessment of barriers to
                    competitiveness in key technology focus areas and
                    barriers to the development and evolution of start-ups,
                    small and mid-sized business entities, and industries
                    in key technology focus areas.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (F) An assessment of the effectiveness of
                    the Federal Government, federally funded research and
                    development centers, and national labs in supporting
                    and promoting technology commercialization and
                    technology transfer, including an assessment of the
                    adequacy of Federal research and development funding in
                    promoting competitiveness and the development of new
                    technologies.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (G) An assessment of manufacturing
                    capacity, logistics, and supply chain dynamics of major
                    export sectors, including access to a skilled
                    workforce, physical infrastructure, and broadband
                    network infrastructure.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (H) An assessment of how the Federal
                    Government is increasing the participation of
                    underrepresented populations in science, research,
                    innovation, and manufacturing.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (I) An assessment of the effectiveness of
                    the Federal Government, federally funded research and
                    development centers, and national laboratories in
                    transitioning technologies and processes that emerge
                    from federally funded research to new domestic
                    manufacturing growth and job creation across sectors in
                    the United States.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (2) Strategy.--Each strategy submitted under
            subsection (b)(1)(C)(ii) shall include the following:</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (A) A plan to utilize available tools to
                    address or minimize the leading threats and challenges
                    and to take advantage of the leading opportunities,
                    particularly in regards to technology areas central to
                    competition between the United States and China,
                    including the following:</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    (i) Specific objectives, tasks,
                            metrics, and milestones for each relevant
                            Federal agency.</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    (ii) Specific plans to support
                            public and private sector investment in
                            research, technology development, education and
                            workforce development, and domestic
                            manufacturing in key technology focus areas
                            supportive of the national economic
                            competitiveness of the United States and to
                            foster the prudent use of public-private
                            partnerships.</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    (iii) Specific plans to promote
                            environmental stewardship and fair competition
                            for United States workers.</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    (iv) A description of--</DELETED>
                                    <DELETED>    (I) how the strategy
                                    submitted under subsection
                                    (b)(1)(C)(ii) supports the national
                                    security strategy; and</DELETED>
                                    <DELETED>    (II) how the strategy
                                    submitted under such subsection is
                                    integrated and coordinated with the
                                    most recent national defense strategy
                                    under section 113(g) of title 10,
                                    United States Code.</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    (v) A plan to encourage the
                            governments of countries that are allies or
                            partners of the United States to cooperate with
                            the execution of the strategy submitted under
                            subsection (b)(1)(C)(ii), where
                            appropriate.</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    (vi) A plan to encourage certain
                            international and multilateral organizations to
                            support the implementation of such
                            strategy.</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    (vii) A plan for how the United
                            States should develop local and regional
                            capacity for building innovation ecosystems
                            across the Nation by providing Federal
                            support.</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    (viii) A plan for strengthening
                            the industrial base of the United
                            States.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (B) An identification of additional
                    resources, administrative action, or legislative action
                    recommended to assist with the implementation of such
                    strategy.</DELETED>
    <DELETED>    (d) Form of Reports and Strategies.--Each report and
    strategy submitted under subsection (b)(1)(C) shall be submitted in
    unclassified form, but may include a classified annex.</DELETED>

    <DELETED>SEC. 6. SUPPLY CHAIN RESILIENCY PROGRAM.</DELETED>

    <DELETED>    (a) Definitions.--In this section:</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (1) Critical industry.--The term ``critical
            industry'' means--</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (A) key technology focus areas, as defined
                    in section 8A(a) of the National Science Foundation Act
                    of 1950, as added by section 3(b) of this Act;
                    and</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (B) areas identified by the report in
                    subsection (f).</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (2) Critical infrastructure.--The term ``critical
            infrastructure'' has the meaning given the term in the Critical
            Infrastructures Protection Act of 2001 (42 U.S.C.
            5195c).</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (3) Foreign entity.--The term ``foreign entity''--
            </DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (A) means--</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    (i) the government of a foreign
                            country;</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    (ii) a foreign political
                            party;</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    (iii) an individual who is not a
                            protected individual (as defined in section
                            274B(a)(3) of the Immigration and Nationality
                            Act (8 U.S.C. 1324b(a)(3))); or</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    (iv) a partnership, association,
                            corporation, organization, or other combination
                            of persons organized under the laws of, or
                            having its principal place of business in, a
                            foreign country; and</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (B) includes--</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    (i) any person owned by,
                            controlled by, or subject to the jurisdiction
                            or direction of, a person described in
                            subparagraph (A);</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    (ii) any person, wherever located,
                            that acts as an agent, representative, or
                            employee of a person described in subparagraph
                            (A);</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    (iii) any person that acts in any
                            other capacity at the order or request, or
                            under the direction or control, of--</DELETED>
                                    <DELETED>    (I) a person described in
                                    subparagraph (A); or</DELETED>
                                    <DELETED>    (II) a person, the
                                    activities of which are directly or
                                    indirectly supervised, directed,
                                    controlled, financed, or subsidized in
                                    whole or in majority part by a person
                                    described in subparagraph
                                    (A);</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    (iv) any person that directly or
                            indirectly through any contract, arrangement,
                            understanding, relationship, or otherwise owns
                            not less than 25 percent of the equity
                            interests of a person described in subparagraph
                            (A);</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    (v) any person with significant
                            responsibility to control, manage, or direct a
                            person described in subparagraph (A);</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    (vi) any individual, wherever
                            located, who is a citizen or resident of a
                            country controlled by a person described in
                            subparagraph (A); and</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    (vii) any corporation,
                            partnership, association, or other organization
                            organized under the laws of a country
                            controlled by a person described in
                            subparagraph (A).</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (4) Foreign entity of concern.--The term ``foreign
            entity of concern'' means a foreign entity that is--</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (A) designated as a foreign terrorist
                    organization by the Secretary of State under section
                    219(a) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C.
                    1189(a));</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (B) included on the list of specially
                    designated nationals and blocked persons maintained by
                    the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Department
                    of the Treasury (commonly known as the ``SDN
                    list'');</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (C) owned by, controlled by, or subject to
                    the jurisdiction or direction of a government of a
                    foreign country that is a covered nation (as defined in
                    section 2533c(d) of title 10, United States
                    Code);</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (D) alleged by the Attorney General to
                    have been involved in activities for which a conviction
                    was obtained under--</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    (i) chapter 37 of title 18, United
                            States Code (commonly known as the ``Espionage
                            Act'');</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    (ii) section 951 or 1030 of title
                            18, United States Code;</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    (iii) chapter 90 of title 18,
                            United States Code (commonly known as the
                            ``Economic Espionage Act of 1996'');</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    (iv) the Arms Export Control Act
                            (22 U.S.C. 2751 et seq.);</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    (v) section 224, 225, 226, 227, or
                            236 of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C.
                            2274, 2275, 2276, 2277, and 2284);</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    (vi) the Export Control Reform Act
                            of 2018 (50 U.S.C. 4801 et seq.); or</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    (vii) the International Emergency
                            Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.);
                            or</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (E) determined by the Secretary, in
                    consultation with the Secretary of Defense and the
                    Director of National Intelligence, to be engaged in
                    unauthorized conduct that is detrimental to the
                    national security or foreign policy of the United
                    States.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (5) Labor organization.--The term ``labor
            organization'' has the meaning given such term in section 8A(a)
            of the National Science Foundation Act of 1950.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (6) Program.--The term ``program'' means the
            supply chain resiliency and crisis response program established
            under subsection (b).</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (7) Relevant committees of congress.--The term
            ``relevant committees of Congress'' means--</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (A) the Committee on Commerce, Science,
                    and Transportation of the Senate;</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (B) the Committee on Appropriations of the
                    Senate;</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (C) the Committee on Finance of the
                    Senate;</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (D) the Committee on Homeland Security and
                    Governmental Affairs of the Senate;</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (E) the Committee on Armed Services of the
                    Senate;</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (F) the Select Committee on Intelligence
                    of the Senate;</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (G) the Committee on Science, Space, and
                    Technology of the House of Representatives;</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (H) the Committee on Energy and Commerce
                    of the House of Representatives;</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (I) the Committee on Appropriations of the
                    House of Representatives;</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (J) the Committee on Ways and Means of the
                    House of Representatives;</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (K) the Committee on Homeland Security of
                    the House of Representatives;</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (L) the Committee on Armed Services of the
                    House of Representatives; and</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (M) the Permanent Select Committee on
                    Intelligence of the House of Representatives.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (8) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the
            Secretary of Commerce.</DELETED>
    <DELETED>    (b) Establishment.--The Secretary shall establish in the
    Department of Commerce a supply chain resiliency and crisis response
    program to carry out the activities described in subsection
    (d).</DELETED>
    <DELETED>    (c) Mission and Priorities.--</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (1) Mission.--The mission of the program is to--
            </DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (A) ensure the leadership of the United
                    States with respect to industries that are essential to
                    mid-term and long-term national security and economic
                    competitiveness;</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (B) promote, in partnership with the
                    private sector and other relevant stakeholders, the
                    resiliency of supply chains of the United States and
                    allied or partner countries; and</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (C) encourage partnerships between the
                    Federal Government and industry, labor organizations,
                    and State, local, territorial, and Tribal governments
                    in order to better respond to supply chain
                    crises.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (2) Priorities.--The program shall--</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (A) in partnership with the private
                    sector, build resilient and secure supply chains
                    (including through the mid-term and long-term
                    diversification of key supply chains, which shall
                    include the support of small- and medium-sized
                    businesses) that can ensure the access of the United
                    States to critical goods and services in the face of
                    shocks, including pandemic and biological threats,
                    cyberattacks, extreme weather events, terrorist and
                    geopolitical attacks, great power conflict, and other
                    threats to national security, with key parts of such
                    resilience being--</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    (i) the diversification of key
                            supply chains with allies or key partners;
                            and</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    (ii) working with allies or key
                            partners through agreements and other
                            commitments; and</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (B) support collaboration with allies or
                    key partners to collectively build and strengthen
                    resilient global supply chains, including through
                    identifying supply chain vulnerabilities, expanding
                    productive capacity, and stockpiling essential
                    goods.</DELETED>
    <DELETED>    (d) Activities.--Under the program, the Secretary, acting
    through 1 or more bureaus or other divisions of the Department of
    Commerce as appropriate, shall carry out activities--</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (1) to map and monitor key supply chains and to
            identify current and future key supply chain gaps and
            vulnerabilities in critical industries;</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (2) to develop or identify opportunities to build
            domestic capacity, and cooperate with allies or key partners,
            to address supply chain gaps and vulnerabilities in critical
            industries;</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (3) to consult and collaborate with the Director
            of the Office of Management and Budget, the Secretary of
            Defense, the Secretary of Homeland Security, the Secretary of
            the Treasury, the Secretary of Energy, the Secretary of
            Transportation, the Secretary of Agriculture, the Secretary of
            State, the Director of National Intelligence, the Director of
            the Office of Science and Technology Policy, and, as
            appropriate, the heads of other Federal departments and
            agencies to invest in urgent supply chain gaps;</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (4) to encourage partnerships between the Federal
            Government and industry, labor organizations, and State, local,
            territorial, and Tribal governments to better respond to
            crises;</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (5) to support the distribution of critical
            resources to areas that have the greatest needs during
            crises;</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (6) to develop contingency plans to ensure a
            resilient supply chain response for potential crises;</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (7) to ensure that allies and key partners have
            supply chains that are capable of supporting critical
            industries; and</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (8) to enter into agreements and partnerships with
            allied or partner governments to promote diversified and
            resilient supply chains that ensure supply of critical goods to
            both the United States and allied companies.</DELETED>
    <DELETED>    (e) Authorities.--The Secretary may--</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (1) establish a unified coordination group to
            serve as the primary method for coordinating between and among
            Federal departments and agencies in response to known supply
            chain risks as well as for integrating private sector partners
            into efforts, as appropriate, to--</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (A) study technical, engineering, and
                    operational data acquired on a voluntary basis from the
                    private sector, in a manner that ensures any data
                    provided by the private sector is kept confidential and
                    as required under section 552 of title 5, United States
                    Code (commonly known as the ``Freedom of Information
                    Act'');</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (B) directly receive whistleblower
                    complaints with appropriate protection; and</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (C) identify key competitiveness
                    challenges in critical industries;</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (2) enter into agreements with allied or partner
            governments regarding supply chain security
            assurances;</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (3) coordinate with other divisions of the
            Department of Commerce and other Federal departments and
            agencies to leverage existing authorities, as of the date of
            enactment of this Act, to strengthen supply chain resilience;
            and</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (4) with the approval of the Committee on
            Appropriations of the Senate and the Committee on
            Appropriations of the House of Representatives, transfer funds
            to, or receive funds from, other departments and agencies to
            implement the program.</DELETED>
    <DELETED>    (f) Report on Supply Chain Resiliency and Domestic
    Manufacturing.--Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of
    this Act, and not less frequently than every 2 years thereafter, the
    Secretary shall submit to the relevant committees of Congress a review,
    in coordination with other relevant Federal departments and agencies--
    </DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (1) identifying--</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (A) technologies critical to economic
                    competitiveness and national security; and</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (B) supplies critical to the crisis
                    preparedness of the United States, such as medical
                    supplies, personal protective equipment, disaster
                    response necessities, electrical generation technology,
                    materials essential to critical infrastructure
                    operation or repair and renovation, and other supplies
                    identified by the Secretary;</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (2) describing--</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (A) the current domestic manufacturing
                    base and supply chains for those technologies and
                    supplies, including raw materials, production
                    equipment, and other goods essential to the production
                    of those technologies and supplies; and</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (B) the ability of the United States to
                    maintain readiness and to surge produce those
                    technologies and supplies in response to an
                    emergency;</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (3) identifying defense, intelligence, homeland,
            economic, domestic labor supply, natural, geopolitical, or
            other contingencies that may disrupt, strain, compromise, or
            eliminate the supply chain for those technologies and
            supplies;</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (4) assessing the resiliency and capacity of the
            domestic, allied, and partner manufacturing base, supply
            chains, and workforce to support the need for those
            technologies and supplies, including any single points of
            failure in those supply chains;</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (5) assessing flexible manufacturing capacity
            available in the United States in cases of emergency;</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (6) making specific recommendations to improve the
            security and resiliency of manufacturing capacity and supply
            chains by--</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (A) developing long-term
                    strategies;</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (B) increasing visibility throughout
                    multiple supplier tiers;</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (C) identifying and mitigating risks,
                    including the financial and operational risks of a
                    supply chain, vulnerabilities to extreme weather
                    events, cyberattacks, pandemic and biological threats,
                    terrorist and geopolitical attacks, and other
                    emergencies, and exposure to gaps in domestic sourcing
                    and import exposure;</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (D) identifying enterprise resource
                    planning systems that are compatible across supply
                    chain tiers and are affordable for small and medium-
                    sized businesses;</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (E) understanding the total cost of
                    ownership, total value contribution, and other best
                    practices that encourage strategic partnerships
                    throughout the supply chain;</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (F) understanding Federal procurement
                    opportunities to increase resiliency of supply chains
                    for goods and services and fill gaps in domestic
                    purchasing;</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (G) identifying policies to maximize
                    domestic job retention and creation, including
                    workforce development programs;</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (H) identifying and mitigating risks
                    associated with allied or key partner countries in
                    building more resilient supply chains; and</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (I) identifying such other services as the
                    Secretary considers necessary;</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (7) providing guidance on technologies and
            supplies to be prioritized for assistance and other activities
            under the Department of Commerce, the National Science
            Foundation, and other relevant Federal agencies;</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (8) reviewing and, if appropriate, expanding the
            sourcing of goods associated with critical technology areas
            from allies or key partners, including recommendations for
            coordination with allies or key partners on sourcing critical
            products; and</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (9) monitoring and strengthening the financial and
            operational health of small and medium enterprises in domestic,
            allied, and partner supply chains to mitigate risks and ensure
            diverse, competitive supplier markets that are less vulnerable
            to single points of failure.</DELETED>
    <DELETED>    (g) Additional Hiring Authority.--</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (1) In general.--To the extent needed to carry out
            the program, the Secretary may--</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (A) utilize hiring authorities under
                    section 3372 of title 5, United States Code, to staff
                    the program with employees from other Federal agencies,
                    institutions of higher education, and other
                    organizations as described in that section with
                    relevant experience in supply chain management and
                    investment in the same manner and subject to the same
                    conditions that apply to such individuals utilized to
                    accomplish other missions of the Department of
                    Commerce;</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (B) appoint and fix the compensation of
                    such temporary personnel as may be necessary to
                    implement the requirements of this section relating to
                    the program, without regard to the provisions of title
                    5, United States Code, governing appointments in the
                    competitive service; and</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (C) appoint an individual appointed under
                    subparagraph (B), after serving continuously for not
                    less than 2 years, to a position in the Department of
                    Commerce in the same manner that an employee serving in
                    a position in the competitive service may be
                    transferred, reassigned, or promoted.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (2) No reimbursement.--Any assignment provided
            under paragraph (1)(A) shall be made without
            reimbursement.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (3) Effect of appointment.--An individual
            appointed as described in paragraph (1)(C) shall be considered
            to be appointed under a career-conditional appointment, unless
            the individual, as of the date on which the individual is
            appointed, has completed a sufficient amount of creditable
            service to attain a permanent career appointment.</DELETED>
    <DELETED>    (h) Semiconductor Incentives.--</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (1) In general.--The Secretary shall carry out the
            program established under section 9902 of the William M. (Mac)
            Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year
            2021 (Public Law 116-283) as part of the program.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (2) Technical and conforming amendment.--Section
            9902(a)(1) of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense
            Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public Law 116-283) is
            amended by striking ``in the Department of Commerce'' and
            inserting ``as part of the program established under section 6
            of the Endless Frontier Act''.</DELETED>
    <DELETED>    (i) Report to Congress.--Concurrent with the annual
    submission by the President of a budget under section 1105 of title 31,
    United States Code, the Secretary shall submit to the relevant
    committees of Congress a report that contains a summary of all
    activities carried out under this section for the year covered by the
    report.</DELETED>
    <DELETED>    (j) Coordination.--The Secretary of Commerce shall, as
    appropriate, coordinate with the heads of other Federal departments and
    agencies, including the Secretary of State and the United States Trade
    Representative, in the implementation of this program.</DELETED>
    <DELETED>    (k) Rule of Construction Regarding Private Entities.--
    Nothing in this section shall be construed to require any private
    entity--</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (1) to request assistance from the Secretary;
            or</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (2) that requested such assistance from the
            Secretary to implement any measure or recommendation suggested
            by the Secretary.</DELETED>
    <DELETED>    (l) Funding.--</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (1) In general.--There are authorized to be
            appropriated to the Secretary such sums as may be necessary to
            carry out this section, which shall remain available until
            expended.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (2) Inspector general funding.--Of the amounts
            made available in a fiscal year to carry out this section, not
            more than 2 percent of those amounts shall be available to the
            Inspector General of the Department of Commerce to conduct
            oversight activities with respect to the program.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (3) Transfers.--Of the amounts made available in a
            fiscal year to carry out this section, the Secretary may
            transfer not more than 5 percent of those amounts to the
            account under the heading ``Department of Commerce--Salaries
            and Expenses'' to provide for administration and oversight
            activities relating to the program.</DELETED>

    <DELETED>SEC. 7. REGIONAL TECHNOLOGY HUB PROGRAM.</DELETED>

    <DELETED>    (a) In General.--The Stevenson-Wydler Technology
    Innovation Act of 1980 (Public Law 96-480; 15 U.S.C. 3701 et seq.) is
    amended--</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (1) by redesignating section 28 as section 30;
            and</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (2) by inserting after section 27 the
            following:</DELETED>

    <DELETED>``SEC. 28. REGIONAL TECHNOLOGY HUB PROGRAM.</DELETED>

    <DELETED>    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(1) Appropriate committees of congress.--The
            term `appropriate committees of Congress' means--</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(A) the Committee on Commerce, Science,
                    and Transportation, the Committee on Environment and
                    Public Works, and the Committee on Appropriations of
                    the Senate; and</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(B) the Committee on Science, Space, and
                    Technology, the Committee on Transportation and
                    Infrastructure, and the Committee on Appropriations of
                    the House of Representatives.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(2) Cooperative extension.--The term
            `cooperative extension' has the meaning given the term
            `extension' in section 1404 of the Food and Agriculture Act of
            1977 (7 U.S.C. 3103).</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(3) Key technology focus areas.--The term `key
            technology focus areas' means the areas included on the most
            recent list under section 8A(d)(2) of the National Science
            Foundation Act of 1950.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(4) Labor organization.--The term `labor
            organization' has the meaning given such term in section 8A(a)
            of the National Science Foundation Act of 1950.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(5) Large metropolitan communities.--The term
            `large metropolitan community' means a metropolitan statistical
            area with a population of more than 500,000.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(6) Manufacturing extension center.--The term
            `manufacturing extension center' has the meaning given the term
            `Center' in section 25(a) of the National Institute of
            Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k(a)).</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(7) Manufacturing usa institute.--The term
            `Manufacturing USA institute' means a Manufacturing USA
            institute described in section 34(d) of the National Institute
            of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278s(d)).</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(8) Mid-sized metropolitan communities.--The
            term `mid-sized metropolitan community' means a metropolitan
            statistical area with a population of more than 200,000 and not
            more than 500,000.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(9) Other technology and innovation sectors
            critical to national and economic security.--The term `other
            technology and innovation sectors critical to national and
            economic security' means other technology and innovation
            sectors that the Secretary determines are critical to national
            and economic security.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(10) Small and rural communities.--The term
            `small and rural community' means a noncore area, a
            micropolitan area, or a small metropolitan statistical area
            with a population of not more than 200,000.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(11) Venture development organization.--The term
            `venture development organization' means a State or nonprofit
            organization focused primarily toward strengthening regional
            economic development through innovation by--</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(A) accelerating the commercialization
                    of research and technology;</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(B) strengthening the competitive
                    position of startups and industry through the
                    development, commercial adoption, or deployment of
                    technology;</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(C) providing financial grants, loans,
                    or direct investment to commercialize
                    technology;</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(D) pairing direct financial assistance
                    under subparagraph (C) with entrepreneurship,
                    technological, or business assistance to maximize the
                    likelihood of success for a venture and increased
                    employment growth for the region or a sector;
                    and</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(E) returning any proceeds gained from
                    direct financial assistance made using organization
                    funds to the organization for future reinvestment,
                    entrepreneurial assistance, and support of
                    operations.</DELETED>
    <DELETED>    ``(b) Regional Technology Hub Program.--</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall carry out a
            program--</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(A) to designate eligible consortia as
                    regional technology hubs that create the conditions,
                    within a region, to facilitate activities that--
                    </DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(i) enable United States
                            leadership in a key technology focus area,
                            complementing the Federal research and
                            development investments under section 8A of the
                            National Science Foundation Act of 1950, or
                            other technology and innovation sectors
                            critical to national and economic
                            security;</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(ii) support regional economic
                            development that diffuses innovation around the
                            United States, enabling better broad-based
                            growth and competitiveness in key technology
                            focus areas;</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(iii) support domestic job
                            creation; and</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(iv) otherwise support the
                            purposes set forth under paragraph
                            (2);</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(B) to support regional technology hubs
                    designated under subparagraph (A); and</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(C) to conduct ongoing research,
                    evaluation, analysis, and dissemination of best
                    practices for regional development and competitiveness
                    in technology and innovation.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(2) Purposes.--The purposes of the program
            carried out under paragraph (1) are as follows:</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(A) To designate eligible consortia as
                    regional technology hubs throughout the United States
                    that create the conditions within a region to
                    facilitate activities that establish the global
                    competitive edge of the United States in the 21st
                    century across a range of technology and innovation
                    sectors critical to national and economic security,
                    including to encourage lower-cost but economically
                    viable technology hubs in the United States to reduce
                    technology offshoring.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(B) To encourage new and constructive
                    collaboration among local, State, and Federal
                    Government entities, academia, private industry, and
                    labor organizations to mobilize investment, talent,
                    entrepreneurship, and innovation for research,
                    development, deployment, and manufacturing in a range
                    of technology and innovation sectors critical to
                    national and economic security.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(C) To assist regions across the United
                    States, including small cities and rural areas--
                    </DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(i) to develop and implement
                            strategies through technology-based economic
                            development practices, including infrastructure
                            and workforce development, entrepreneurship and
                            commercialization support, increasing access to
                            capital, and building networks and systems to
                            help bring ideas and businesses to market, and
                            other relevant activities;</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(ii) to improve domestic supply
                            chains in technology and innovation sectors;
                            and</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(iii) to enable broad-based
                            economic growth, job creation and
                            competitiveness in the United States.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(3) Administration.--The Secretary shall carry
            out this section through the Assistant Secretary of Commerce
            for Economic Development, in coordination with the Under
            Secretary of Commerce for Standards and Technology.</DELETED>
    <DELETED>    ``(c) Eligible Consortia.--For purposes of this section,
    an eligible consortium is a consortium that--</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(1) includes 1 or more--</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(A) institutions of higher
                    education;</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(B) local or Tribal governments or other
                    political subdivisions of a State;</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(C) State governments represented by an
                    agency designated by the governor of the State or
                    States that is representative of the geographic area
                    served by the consortia;</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(D) economic development organizations
                    or similar entities that are focused primarily on
                    improving science, technology, innovation, or
                    entrepreneurship;</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(E) industry or firms in relevant
                    technology or innovation sectors;</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(F) labor organizations; and</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(G) workforce training organizations,
                    including State and local workforce development boards
                    as established under section 101 of the Workforce
                    Investment and Opportunity Act (29 U.S.C. 3111);
                    and</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(2) may include 1 or more--</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(A) nonprofit economic development
                    entities with relevant expertise, including a district
                    organization (as defined in section 300.3 of title 13,
                    Code of Federal Regulations, or successor
                    regulation);</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(B) for-profit entities with relevant
                    expertise;</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(C) venture development
                    organizations;</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(D) financial institutions and
                    investment funds;</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(E) primary and secondary educational
                    institutions, including career and technical education
                    schools;</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(F) industry and industry
                    associations;</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(G) National Laboratories (as defined in
                    section 2 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C.
                    15801));</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(H) Federal laboratories;</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(I) manufacturing extension
                    centers;</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(J) Manufacturing USA
                    institutes;</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(K) institutions receiving an award
                    under paragraph (6) or (7) of section 8A(d) of the
                    National Science Foundation Act of 1950; and</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(L) a cooperative extension.</DELETED>
    <DELETED>    ``(d) Designation of Regional Technology Hubs.--</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall use a
            competitive process for the designation of regional technology
            hubs under subsection (b)(1)(A).</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(2) Number of regional technology hubs.--During
            the 5-year period beginning on the date of the enactment of the
            Endless Frontier Act, the Secretary shall designate not fewer
            than 10 and not more than 15 eligible consortia as regional
            technology hubs under subsection (b)(1)(A), if the Secretary
            has received a sufficient number of qualified applications and
            appropriations to carry out this section.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(3) Geographic distribution.--In conducting the
            competitive process under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall
            ensure geographic distribution in the designation of regional
            technology hubs by--</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(A) aiming to designate regional
                    technology hubs in as many regions of the United States
                    as possible; and</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(B) focusing on localities that have
                    clear potential and relevant assets for developing a
                    self-sustaining competitive position in a technology or
                    innovation sector but have not yet become leading
                    technology centers.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(4) Eligible consortia that serve small and
            rural communities.--Under subsection (b)(1)(A), the Secretary
            shall designate at least 3 eligible consortia that--</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(A) serve small and rural communities;
                    and</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(B) have received a grant under section
                    29.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(5) EPSCoR.--The Secretary shall ensure that, of
            the eligible consortia designated as regional technology hubs
            under subsection (b)(1)(A), not fewer than 5 of such consortia
            include at least 1 State that is eligible to receive funding
            from the Established Program to Stimulate Competitive Research
            of the National Science Foundation.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(6) Relation to certain grant awards.--The
            Secretary may not require an eligible consortium to receive a
            grant under section 29 in order to be designated as a regional
            technology hub under subsection (b)(1)(A) of this
            section.</DELETED>
    <DELETED>    ``(e) Grants and Cooperative Agreements.--</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall carry out
            subparagraph (B) of subsection (b)(1) through the award of
            grants or cooperative agreements to eligible consortia
            designated under subparagraph (A) of such subsection.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(2) Term.--</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(A) In general.--The term of a grant or
                    cooperative agreement awarded under paragraph (1) shall
                    be for such period as the Secretary considers
                    appropriate.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(B) Renewal.--The Secretary may renew a
                    grant or cooperative agreement awarded to an eligible
                    consortia under paragraph (1) as the Secretary
                    considers appropriate if the Secretary determines
                    pursuant to subsection (i) that the performance of the
                    eligible consortia is satisfactory.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(3) Matching required.--</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(A) In general.--Except in the case of
                    an eligible consortium described in subparagraph (B),
                    the total Federal financial assistance awarded in a
                    given year to an eligible consortium in support of the
                    eligible consortium's operation as a regional
                    technology hub under this section shall not exceed
                    amounts as follows:</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(i) In first year of the grant
                            or cooperative agreement, 90 percent of the
                            total operating and maintenance costs of the
                            regional technology hub in that fiscal
                            year.</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(ii) In second year of the grant
                            or cooperative agreement, 85 percent of the
                            total operating and maintenance costs of the
                            regional technology hub in that fiscal
                            year.</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(iii) In third year of the grant
                            or cooperative agreement, 80 percent of the
                            total operating and maintenance costs of the
                            regional technology hub in that fiscal
                            year.</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(iv) In fourth year of the grant
                            or cooperative agreement and each year
                            thereafter, 75 percent of the total operating
                            and maintenance costs of the regional
                            technology hub in that fiscal year.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(B) Small and rural communities and
                    indian tribes.--</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(i) In general.--The total
                            Federal financial assistance awarded in a given
                            year to an eligible consortium in support of
                            the eligible consortium's operation as a
                            regional technology hub under this section
                            shall not exceed amounts as follows:</DELETED>
                                    <DELETED>    ``(I) In the case of an
                                    eligible consortium that represents a
                                    small and rural community, in a fiscal
                                    year, 90 percent of the total funding
                                    of the regional technology hub in that
                                    fiscal year.</DELETED>
                                    <DELETED>    ``(II) In the case of an
                                    eligible consortium that is led by a
                                    Tribal government, in a fiscal year,
                                    100 percent of the total funding of the
                                    regional technology hub in that fiscal
                                    year.</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(ii) Minimum threshold or rural
                            representation.--The Secretary shall establish
                            a minimum threshold of rural representation for
                            purposes of clause (i)(I).</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(C) In-kind contributions.--For purposes
                    of this paragraph, in-kind contributions may be used
                    for part of the non-Federal share of the total funding
                    of a regional technology hub in a fiscal
                    year.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(4) Use of grant and cooperative agreement
            funds.--The recipient of a grant or cooperative agreement
            awarded under paragraph (1) shall use the grant or cooperative
            agreement for multiple activities determined appropriate by the
            Secretary, including--</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(A) the permissible activities set forth
                    under section 27(c)(2); and</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(B) activities in support of key
                    technology focus areas and other technology and
                    innovation sectors critical to national and economic
                    security--</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(i) to develop regional
                            strategies for infrastructure and site
                            development in support of the regional
                            technology hub's plans and programs;</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(ii) to support business
                            activity that makes domestic supply chain more
                            resilient and encourages the growth of
                            coordinated multiparty systems in the United
                            States and creation and growth of business
                            entities;</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(iii) to attract new private,
                            public, and philanthropic investment in the
                            region for developing innovation capacity,
                            including establishing regional venture and
                            loan funds, including through venture
                            development organizations, for financing
                            technology commercialization, new business
                            formation, and business expansions;</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(iv) to further the development,
                            deployment, and domestic manufacturing of
                            technologies in the key technology focus areas
                            and other technology and innovation sectors
                            critical to national and economic security,
                            including innovations derived from research
                            conducted at institutions of higher education
                            or other research entities, including research
                            conducted by federally funded research and
                            development centers, National Laboratories,
                            Federal laboratories, Manufacturing USA
                            institutes, university technology centers
                            established under paragraph (6) of section
                            8A(d) of the National Science Foundation Act of
                            1950, the program established under paragraph
                            (7) of such section 8A(d), test beds
                            established and operated under paragraph (8) of
                            such section 8A(d), or other Federal research
                            entities, through activities that may include--
                            </DELETED>
                                    <DELETED>    ``(I) proof-of-concept
                                    development and prototyping;</DELETED>
                                    <DELETED>    ``(II) technology transfer
                                    and commercialization, including
                                    patenting and licensing;</DELETED>
                                    <DELETED>    ``(III) public-private
                                    partnerships in order to reduce the
                                    cost, time, and risk of commercializing
                                    new technologies;</DELETED>
                                    <DELETED>    ``(IV) creating and
                                    funding competitions to allow
                                    entrepreneurial ideas to illustrate
                                    their commercialization and domestic
                                    job creation potential;</DELETED>
                                    <DELETED>    ``(V) facilitating
                                    relationships between local and
                                    national business leaders and potential
                                    entrepreneurs to encourage successful
                                    commercialization;</DELETED>
                                    <DELETED>    ``(VI) creating and
                                    funding not-for-profit entities that
                                    could enable researchers at
                                    institutions of higher education and
                                    other research entities to further
                                    develop new technology, through patient
                                    funding, advice, staff support, or
                                    other means;</DELETED>
                                    <DELETED>    ``(VII) providing
                                    facilities for start-up companies where
                                    technology maturation could occur;
                                    and</DELETED>
                                    <DELETED>    ``(VIII)
                                    commercialization, deployment, and
                                    adoption of the technologies that lead
                                    to domestic manufacturing of such
                                    technologies;</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(v) to develop the region's
                            skilled workforce through the training and
                            retraining of workers, partnerships with labor
                            organizations, and skills-based education,
                            including the alignment of career technical
                            training and educational programs in the
                            region's elementary and secondary schools and
                            institutions of higher education; and</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(vi) to carry out such other
                            activities as the Secretary considers
                            appropriate to improve United States
                            competitiveness and regional economic
                            development to support a key technology focus
                            area and that would further the purposes of
                            this section.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(5) Grants for infrastructure.--Any grant or
            cooperative agreement awarded under paragraph (1) to support
            the construction of physical infrastructure shall be awarded
            pursuant to section 201 of the Public Works and Economic
            Development Act of 1965 (42 U.S.C. 3141) and subject to the
            provisions of such Act, except that subsection (b) of such
            section and sections 204 and 301 of such Act (42 U.S.C. 3144,
            3161) shall not apply.</DELETED>
    <DELETED>    ``(f) Applications.--An eligible consortium seeking
    designation as a regional technology hub under subparagraph (A) of
    subsection (b)(1) and support under subparagraph (B) of such subsection
    shall submit to the Secretary an application therefor at such time, in
    such manner, and containing such information as the Secretary may
    specify.</DELETED>
    <DELETED>    ``(g) Considerations for Designation and Award of Grants
    and Cooperative Agreements.--</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(1) In general.--In selecting an eligible
            consortium that submitted an application under subsection (f)
            for designation and support under subsection (b)(1), the
            Secretary shall consider, at a minimum, the
            following:</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(A) The potential of the eligible
                    consortium to advance the research, development,
                    deployment, and domestic manufacturing of technologies
                    in a key technology focus area or other technology or
                    innovation sector critical to national and economic
                    security.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(B) The likelihood of positive regional
                    economic effect, including increasing the number of
                    high wage domestic jobs, and creating new economic
                    opportunities for economically disadvantaged and
                    underrepresented populations.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(C) How the eligible consortium plans to
                    integrate with and leverage the resources of 1 or more
                    federally funded research and development centers,
                    National Laboratories, Federal laboratories,
                    Manufacturing USA institutes, Hollings Manufacturing
                    Extension Partnership centers, university technology
                    centers established under paragraph (6) of section
                    8A(d) of the National Science Foundation Act of 1950,
                    the program established under paragraph (7) of such
                    section 8A(d), test beds established and operated under
                    paragraph (8) of such section 8A(d), or other Federal
                    research entities.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(D) How the eligible consortium will
                    engage with the private sector, including small- and
                    medium-sized businesses to commercialize new
                    technologies and improve the resiliency of domestic
                    supply chains in a key technology focus area or other
                    technology or innovation sector critical to national
                    and economic security.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(E) How the eligible consortium will
                    carry out workforce development and skills acquisition
                    programming, including through partnerships with
                    entities that include State and local workforce
                    development boards, institutions of higher education,
                    including community colleges, historically Black
                    colleges and universities, Tribal colleges and
                    universities, and minority serving institutions, labor
                    organizations, and workforce development programs, and
                    other related activities authorized by the Secretary,
                    to support the development of a key technology focus
                    area or other technology or innovation sector critical
                    to national and economic security.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(F) How the eligible consortium will
                    improve science, technology, engineering, and
                    mathematics education programs in the identified region
                    in elementary and secondary school and higher education
                    institutions located in the identified region to
                    support the development of a key technology focus area
                    or other technology or innovation sector critical to
                    national and economic security.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(G) How the eligible consortium plans to
                    develop partnerships with venture development
                    organizations and sources of private investment in
                    support of private sector activity, including launching
                    new or expanding existing companies, in a key
                    technology focus area or other technology or innovation
                    sector critical to national and economic
                    security.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(H) How the eligible consortium plans to
                    organize the activities of regional partners across
                    sectors in support of the proposed regional technology
                    hub, including the development of necessary
                    infrastructure improvements and site
                    preparation.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(I) How the eligible consortium will
                    ensure that growth in technology and innovation sectors
                    produces broadly shared opportunity across the
                    identified region, including for economic disadvantaged
                    and underrepresented populations and rural
                    areas.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(J) The likelihood that the region
                    served by the eligible consortium will be able to
                    become a self-sustaining globally leading technology
                    hub once Federal support ends.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(2) Findings based on comprehensive regional
            technology strategies.--The Secretary may use a comprehensive
            regional technology strategy supported by a grant under section
            29 as the basis for making findings under paragraph (1) of this
            subsection.</DELETED>
    <DELETED>    ``(h) Coordination and Collaboration.--</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(1) Coordination with national institute of
            standards and technology programs.--</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(A) Coordination required.--The
                    Secretary shall coordinate the activities of regional
                    technology hubs designated under this title, the
                    Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership, and the
                    Manufacturing USA Program with each other to the degree
                    that doing so does not diminish the effectiveness of
                    the ongoing activities of a manufacturing extension
                    center or a Manufacturing USA institute.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(B) Elements.--Coordination by the
                    Secretary under subparagraph (A) may include the
                    following:</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(i) The alignment of activities
                            of the Hollings Manufacturing Extension
                            Partnership with the activities of regional
                            technology hubs designated under this
                            subsection, if applicable.</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(ii) The alignment of activities
                            of the Manufacturing USA Program and the
                            Manufacturing USA institutes with the
                            activities of regional technology hubs
                            designated under this subsection, if
                            applicable.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(2) Coordination with department of energy
            programs.--The Secretary shall, in coordination with the
            Secretary of Energy, coordinate the activities and selection of
            regional technology hubs designated under subsection (b)(1)(A)
            with activities at the Department of Energy and the National
            Laboratories that were in effect on the day before the date of
            the enactment of the Endless Frontier Act, to the degree that
            doing so does not diminish the effectiveness of the ongoing
            activities or mission of the Department of Energy and the
            National Laboratories.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(3) Interagency collaboration.--</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(A) In general.--In selecting and
                    assisting regional technology hubs designated under
                    subsection (b)(1)(A), the Secretary--</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(i) shall collaborate, to the
                            extent possible, with the interagency advisory
                            committee established under subparagraph
                            (B);</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(ii) shall collaborate with
                            Federal departments and agencies whose missions
                            contribute to the goals of the regional
                            technology hub; and</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(iii) may accept funds from
                            other Federal agencies to support grants and
                            activities under this title.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(B) Interagency coordinating council.--
                    </DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(i) Establishment.--The
                            Secretary shall establish an interagency
                            coordinating council to coordinate with the
                            Secretary in the designation of regional
                            technology hubs under subparagraph (A) of
                            subsection (b)(1) and in the selection of
                            eligible consortia to receive support under
                            subparagraph (B) of such subsection.</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(ii) Composition.--The
                            interagency coordinating council established
                            under clause (i) shall be composed of the
                            following (or their designees):</DELETED>
                                    <DELETED>    ``(I) The Secretary of
                                    Commerce.</DELETED>
                                    <DELETED>    ``(II) The Secretary of
                                    Education.</DELETED>
                                    <DELETED>    ``(III) The Administrator
                                    of the Small Business
                                    Administration.</DELETED>
                                    <DELETED>    ``(IV) The Deputy
                                    Secretary for Housing and Urban
                                    Development.</DELETED>
                                    <DELETED>    ``(V) The Director of the
                                    Community Development Financial
                                    Institution Fund.</DELETED>
                                    <DELETED>    ``(VI) The Director of the
                                    National Science Foundation.</DELETED>
                                    <DELETED>    ``(VII) The Director of
                                    the National Institute of Standards and
                                    Technology.</DELETED>
                                    <DELETED>    ``(VIII) The Director of
                                    the National Economic
                                    Council.</DELETED>
                                    <DELETED>    ``(IX) The Assistant
                                    Secretary of Commerce for Economic
                                    Development.</DELETED>
                                    <DELETED>    ``(X) The Assistant
                                    Secretary for Employment and
                                    Training.</DELETED>
                                    <DELETED>    ``(XI) The Director of the
                                    Office of Science and Technology
                                    Policy.</DELETED>
                                    <DELETED>    ``(XII) The Under
                                    Secretary of Defense for Research and
                                    Engineering.</DELETED>
                                    <DELETED>    ``(XIII) The Under
                                    Secretary of Defense for Acquisition
                                    and Sustainment.</DELETED>
                                    <DELETED>    ``(XIV) The Under
                                    Secretary for Science of the Department
                                    of Energy.</DELETED>
                                    <DELETED>    ``(XV) The Director of the
                                    National Institutes of
                                    Health.</DELETED>
                                    <DELETED>    ``(XVI) The Under
                                    Secretary for Science and Technology of
                                    the Department of Homeland
                                    Security.</DELETED>
                                    <DELETED>    ``(XVII) The Administrator
                                    of the National Aeronautics and Space
                                    Administration.</DELETED>
                                    <DELETED>    ``(XVIII) The Director of
                                    the Office of Management and
                                    Budget.</DELETED>
                                    <DELETED>    ``(XIX) Such other Federal
                                    officials as the Secretary of Commerce
                                    considers appropriate.</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(iii) Chairperson.--The
                            Secretary shall be the chairperson of the
                            interagency coordinating council established
                            under clause (i).</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(4) Setting goals for federally funded regions
            served by research in regional technology hubs.--</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(A) In general.--The Director of the
                    Office of Science and Technology Policy and the
                    Director of the Office of Management and Budget shall
                    coordinate with the each head of a Federal agency that
                    conducts research to set goals for at least doubling
                    the amount of federally funded research awarded, as in
                    effect on the day before the date of the enactment of
                    the Endless Frontier Act, to regions served by regional
                    technology hubs designated under subsection
                    (b)(1)(A).</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(B) Annual reports.--Not less frequently
                    than once each year, the Director of the Office of
                    Science and Technology Policy and the Director of the
                    Office of Management and Budget shall submit to the
                    appropriate committees of Congress an annual report on
                    progress made relating to the goals set under
                    subparagraph (A).</DELETED>
    <DELETED>    ``(i) Performance Measurement, Transparency, and
    Accountability.--</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(1) Metrics, standards, and assessment.--For
            each grant and cooperative agreement awarded under subsection
            (e)(1) for a regional technology hub, the Secretary shall--
            </DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(A) develop metrics to assess the
                    effectiveness of the activities funded in making
                    progress toward the purposes set forth under subsection
                    (b)(2), which may include--</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(i) research supported in a key
                            technology focus area;</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(ii) commercialization
                            activities undertaken by each regional
                            technology hub that is designated and supported
                            under subsection (b)(1);</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(iii) educational and workforce
                            development improvements undertaken by each
                            regional technology hub that is designated and
                            supported under subsection (b)(1);</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(iv) sources of matching funds
                            for each regional technology hub that is
                            designated and supported under subsection
                            (b)(1); and</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(v) domestic job creation,
                            patent awards, and business formation and
                            expansion relating to the activities of the
                            regional technology hub that is designated and
                            supported under subsection (b)(1);</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(B) establish standards for the
                    performance of the regional technology hub that are
                    based on the metrics developed under subparagraph (A);
                    and</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(C) 4 years after the initial award
                    under subsection (e)(1) and every 2 years thereafter
                    until Federal financial assistance under this section
                    for the regional technology hub is discontinued,
                    conduct an assessment of the regional technology hub to
                    confirm whether the performance of the regional
                    technology hub is meeting the standards for performance
                    established under subparagraph (B) of this
                    paragraph.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(2) Final reports by recipients of assistance.--
            </DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall
                    require each eligible consortium that receives a grant
                    or cooperative agreement under subsection (e)(1) for
                    support of a regional technology hub, as a condition of
                    receipt of such grant or cooperative agreement, submit
                    to the Secretary, not later than 90 days after the last
                    day of the term of the grant or cooperative agreement,
                    a report on the activities of the regional technology
                    hub supported by the grant or cooperative
                    agreement.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(B) Contents of report.--Each report
                    submitted by an eligible consortium under subparagraph
                    (A) shall include the following:</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(i) A detailed description of
                            the activities carried out by the eligible
                            consortium using the assistance described in
                            subparagraph (A), including the
                            following:</DELETED>
                                    <DELETED>    ``(I) A description of
                                    each project the eligible consortium
                                    completed using such
                                    assistance.</DELETED>
                                    <DELETED>    ``(II) An explanation of
                                    how each project described in subclause
                                    (I) achieves a specific goal under this
                                    section in the region of the regional
                                    technology hub of the eligible
                                    consortium with respect to--</DELETED>
                                            <DELETED>    ``(aa) the
                                            resiliency of a supply
                                            chain;</DELETED>
                                            <DELETED>    ``(bb) research,
                                            development, and deployment of
                                            a critical
                                            technology;</DELETED>
                                            <DELETED>    ``(cc) workforce
                                            training and
                                            development;</DELETED>
                                            <DELETED>    ``(dd) domestic
                                            job creation; or</DELETED>
                                            <DELETED>    ``(ee)
                                            entrepreneurship.</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(ii) A discussion of any
                            obstacles encountered by the eligible
                            consortium in the implementation of the
                            regional technology hub and how the eligible
                            entity overcame those obstacles.</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(iii) An evaluation of the
                            success of the projects supported by the
                            eligible consortium to implement the regional
                            technology hub using the performance standards
                            and measures established under paragraph (1),
                            including an evaluation of the planning process
                            and how the project contributes to carrying out
                            the comprehensive strategy for the regional
                            technology hub if the regional technology hub
                            has such a strategy.</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(iv) The effectiveness of the
                            eligible consortium in ensuring that, in the
                            region of the eligible consortium's regional
                            technology hub, growth in technology and
                            innovation sectors produces broadly shared
                            opportunity across the region, including for
                            economic disadvantaged and underrepresented
                            populations and rural areas.</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(v) Information regarding such
                            other matters as the Secretary may
                            require.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(3) Interim reports by recipients of
            assistance.--In addition to requiring submittal of final
            reports under paragraph (2)(A), the Secretary may require an
            eligible consortium described in such paragraph to submit to
            the Secretary such interim reports as the Secretary considers
            appropriate.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(4) Annual reports to congress.--Not less
            frequently than once each year, the Secretary shall submit to
            the appropriate committees of Congress an annual report on the
            results of the assessments conducted by the Secretary under
            paragraph (1)(C) during the period covered by the
            report.</DELETED>
    <DELETED>    ``(j) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is
    authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this
    section $9,425,000,000 for the period of fiscal years 2022 through
    2026.''.</DELETED>
    <DELETED>    (b) Initial Designations and Awards.--</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (1) Competition required.--Not later than 180 days
            after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of
            Commerce shall commence a competition under subsection (d)(1)
            of section 28 of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act
            of 1980 (Public Law 96-480), as added by subsection
            (a).</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (2) Designation and award.--Not later than 1 year
            after the date of the enactment of this Act, if the Secretary
            has received at least 1 application under subsection (f) of
            such section from an eligible consortium whom the Secretary
            considers suitable for designation under subsection (b)(1)(A)
            of such section, the Secretary shall--</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (A) designate at least 1 regional
                    technology hub under subsection (b)(1)(A) of such
                    section; and</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (B) award a grant or cooperative agreement
                    under subsection (e)(1) of such section to each
                    regional technology hub designated pursuant to
                    subparagraph (A) of this paragraph.</DELETED>

    <DELETED>SEC. 8. COMPREHENSIVE REGIONAL TECHNOLOGY STRATEGY GRANT
                  PROGRAM.</DELETED>

    <DELETED>    The Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980
    (Public Law 96-480; 15 U.S.C. 3701 et seq.), as amended by section 7,
    is further amended, by inserting after section 28, as added by such
    section, the following:</DELETED>

    <DELETED>``SEC. 29. COMPREHENSIVE REGIONAL TECHNOLOGY STRATEGY GRANT
                  PROGRAM.</DELETED>

    <DELETED>    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(1) Labor organization.--The term `labor
            organization' has the meaning given such term in section 8A(a)
            of the National Science Foundation Act of 1950.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(2) Regional technology hub.--The term `regional
            technology hub' means a consortium designated as a regional
            technology hub under section 28(b)(1)(A).</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(3) Small and rural communities; mid-sized
            metropolitan communities; large metropolitan communities.--The
            terms `small and rural communities', `mid-sized metropolitan
            communities', and `large metropolitan communities' have the
            meanings given such terms in section 28(a).</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(4) Technology and innovation sectors critical
            to national and economic security.--The term `technology and
            innovation sectors critical to national and economic security'
            means technology and innovation sectors that the Secretary
            determines are critical to national and economic
            security.</DELETED>
    <DELETED>    ``(b) Grant Program Required.--The Secretary shall
    establish a program to award grants to eligible consortia to carry out
    projects--</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(1) to coordinate locally defined planning
            processes, across jurisdictions and agencies, relating to
            developing a comprehensive regional technology
            strategy;</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(2) to identify regional partnerships for
            developing and implementing a comprehensive regional technology
            strategy;</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(3) to conduct or update assessments to
            determine regional needs and promote economic and community
            development related to the resiliency of a domestic supply
            chains, competitiveness of the region, and domestic job
            creation in technology and innovation sectors critical to
            national and economic security;</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(4) to develop or update goals and strategies to
            implement an existing comprehensive regional plan related to
            enhancing the resiliency of domestic supply chains,
            competitiveness of the region, and domestic job creation in
            technology and innovation sectors critical to national and
            economic security; and</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(5) to identify local zoning and other code
            changes necessary to implement a comprehensive regional
            technology strategy, including promoting sustainable
            development within the identified region.</DELETED>
    <DELETED>    ``(c) Eligible Consortia.--For purposes of this section,
    an eligible consortium is any consortium described by section
    28(c).</DELETED>
    <DELETED>    ``(d) Grants.--</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(1) Diversity of recipients.--In awarding grants
            under this section, the Secretary shall ensure geographic
            diversity among, and adequate representation from, each of the
            following:</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(A) Small and rural
                    communities.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(B) Mid-sized metropolitan
                    communities.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(C) Large metropolitan
                    communities.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(2) Awards to small and rural communities.--
            </DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(A) In general.--Except as provided in
                    subparagraph (B), the Secretary shall--</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(i) award not less than 25
                            percent of the funds under this section to
                            eligible consortia that represent all or part
                            of a small and rural community; and</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(ii) ensure diversity among the
                            geographic regions and the size of the
                            population of the communities served by
                            recipients of grants that are eligible
                            consortia that represent all or part of a small
                            and rural community.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(B) Insufficient applications.--If the
                    Secretary determines that an insufficient number of
                    sufficient quality applications for grants under this
                    section have been submitted by eligible consortia that
                    represent all or part of a small and rural community,
                    the Secretary may reduce the percentage threshold set
                    forth in subparagraph (A)(i).</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(3) Federal share.--</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(A) In general.--Except as provided in
                    subparagraph (B), the Federal share of the cost of a
                    project carried out using a grant awarded under this
                    section may not exceed 80 percent.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(B) Exceptions.--</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(i) Small and rural
                            communities.--In the case of an eligible
                            consortium that represents all or part of a
                            small and rural community, the Federal share of
                            the cost of a project carried out using a grant
                            awarded under this section may be up to 90
                            percent of the total cost of the
                            project.</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(ii) Indian tribes.--In the case
                            of an eligible consortium that is led by a
                            Tribal government, the Federal share of the
                            cost of a project carried out using a grant
                            under the grant awarded under this section may
                            be up to 100 percent of the total cost of the
                            project.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(C) Non-federal share.--</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(i) In-kind contributions.--For
                            the purposes of this paragraph, in-kind
                            contributions may be used for all or part of
                            the non-Federal share of the cost of a project
                            carried out using a grant awarded under this
                            section.</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(ii) Other federal funding.--
                            Federal funding from sources other than a grant
                            awarded under this section may not be used for
                            the non-Federal share of the cost of a project
                            carried out using a grant under this
                            section.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(4) Availability and obligation of grant
            amounts.--</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(A) In general.--An eligible consortium
                    that receives a grant under this section shall, as a
                    condition on receipt of grant amounts--</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(i) obligate any grant amounts
                            received under this section not later than 1
                            year after the date on which the eligible
                            consortium enters into an agreement under
                            subsection (g); and</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(ii) expend any grant amounts
                            received under this section not later than 2
                            years after the date on which the eligible
                            consortium enters into an agreement under
                            subsection (g).</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(B) Unobligated amounts.--After the date
                    described in subparagraph (A)(i), any amounts awarded
                    to an eligible consortium under this section that
                    remain unobligated by the eligible consortium shall be
                    returned to the Secretary and made available to the
                    Secretary for the award of grants to other eligible
                    consortia under this section.</DELETED>
    <DELETED>    ``(e) Application.--</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(1) In general.--An eligible consortium seeking
            a grant under this section shall submit to the Secretary an
            application therefor at such time and in such manner as the
            Secretary shall prescribe.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(2) Contents.--Each application submitted under
            paragraph (1) shall include the following:</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(A) A description of the boundaries of
                    the region served by the eligible consortium.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(B) A description of the research,
                    technology development, or manufacturing concentration
                    of the eligible consortium.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(C) A general assessment of the local
                    industrial ecosystem of the region described in
                    subparagraph (A), which may include assessment of
                    workforce and training, including partnerships with
                    labor organizations, supplier network, research and
                    innovation, infrastructure and site development, trade
                    and international investment, operational improvements,
                    and capital access components needed for manufacturing
                    activities in such region.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(D) A description of how a grant under
                    this section may assist in developing components of
                    such local industrial ecosystem (selected by the
                    consortium), including descriptions of--</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(i) investments to address gaps
                            in such ecosystem; and</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(ii) how to make the research,
                            technology development, and manufacturing of
                            the region of the consortium uniquely
                            competitive.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(E) A description of the process by
                    which a comprehensive regional technology strategy will
                    be developed by the eligible consortium to address gaps
                    in such local industrial ecosystem and to strengthen
                    the resiliency of supply chains, competitiveness of the
                    identified region, and domestic job creation in
                    technology and innovation sectors critical to national
                    and economic security.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(F) A budget for the projects that the
                    eligible consortium plans to carry out using grant
                    amounts awarded under this section, including the
                    anticipated Federal share of the cost of each project
                    and a description of the sources of the non-Federal
                    share.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(G) The designation of a lead agency or
                    organization, which may be the eligible consortium, to
                    receive and manage any funds received by the eligible
                    consortium under this section.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(H) A signed copy of a memorandum of
                    understanding among members of the eligible consortium
                    that demonstrates--</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(i) the creation of an eligible
                            consortium;</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(ii) a description of the nature
                            and extent of planned collaboration between
                            members of the eligible consortium;
                            and</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    ``(iii) a commitment to develop a
                            comprehensive regional technology
                            strategy.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(I) Such other matters as the Secretary
                    considers appropriate.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(3) Evaluation of applications.--The Secretary
            shall evaluate each application received under paragraph (1) to
            determine whether the applicant demonstrates--</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(A) a significant level of regional
                    cooperation in their proposal;</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(B) a focus on building a regional
                    ecosystem to attract and build upon research investment
                    to develop, deploy, and manufacture domestically
                    critical technologies that improve the resiliency of
                    supply chains, competitiveness of the identified
                    region, and the creation of quality jobs;</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(C) the extent to which the consortium
                    has developed partnerships throughout an entire region,
                    including, as appropriate, partnerships with federally
                    funded research and development centers, National
                    Laboratories, Federal laboratories, Manufacturing USA
                    institutes described in section 34(d) of the National
                    Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C.
                    278s(d)), university technology centers established
                    under paragraph (6) of section 8A(d) of the National
                    Science Foundation Act of 1950, the program established
                    under paragraph (7) of such section 8A(d), test beds
                    established and operated under paragraph (8) of such
                    section 8A(d), or other Federal research
                    entities;</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(D) integration with local efforts in
                    inclusive economic development and job
                    creation;</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(E) a plan for implementing a
                    comprehensive regional technology strategy through
                    regional infrastructure, workforce, and supply chain
                    investment plans and local land use plans;</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(F) diversity among the geographic
                    regions and the size of the population of the
                    communities served by recipients of grants under this
                    section;</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(G) a commitment to seeking substantial
                    public input during the planning process and public
                    participation in the development of the comprehensive
                    regional plan;</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(H) a plan to support the creation and
                    growth of new companies; and</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(I) such other qualities as the
                    Secretary considers appropriate.</DELETED>
    <DELETED>    ``(f) Use of Grant Funds.--An eligible consortium that
    receives a grant under this section shall use the amount of such grant
    to carry out a project that includes 1 or more of the following
    activities:</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(1) Coordinating locally defined planning
            processes across jurisdictions and agencies.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(2) Identifying potential regional partnerships
            for developing and implementing a comprehensive regional
            technology strategy.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(3) Conducting or updating assessments to
            determine regional needs, which may include--</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(A) workforce development;</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(B) supply chain development;</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(C) increasing innovation readiness,
                    including expanding research and technology development
                    facilities and developing the local science,
                    technology, engineering, and mathematics
                    workforce;</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(D) site preparation;</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(E) community and economic development
                    to start new companies and to attract and support
                    workers and firms; and</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(F) and other such needs as determined
                    by the consortium.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(4) Developing or updating--</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(A) a comprehensive regional plan;
                    or</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(B) goals and strategies to implement an
                    existing comprehensive regional plan for the purposes
                    of strengthening domestic supply chain resiliency,
                    competitiveness, and job creation in critical
                    technology and innovation sectors for national and
                    economic security.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(5) Implementing local zoning and other code
            changes necessary to implement a comprehensive regional plan
            and promote sustainable development.</DELETED>
    <DELETED>    ``(g) Grant Agreement.--Each eligible consortium that
    receives a grant under this section shall, as a condition on receipt of
    grant amounts, agree to establish, in coordination with the Secretary,
    performance measures, reporting requirements, and such other
    requirements as the Secretary determines are necessary, that must be
    met at the end of each year in which the eligible consortium receives
    funds under this section.</DELETED>
    <DELETED>    ``(h) Reports by Recipients of Grants.--</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(1) Final reports.--Not later than 90 days after
            the date on which a grant agreement into which an eligible
            consortium entered under subsection (g) expires, the eligible
            consortium shall submit to the Secretary a final report on the
            project the eligible consortium carried out under subsection
            (f) using the amounts of the grant awarded to the eligible
            consortium under this section.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(2) Contents.--Each report submitted under
            paragraph (1) shall include the following:</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(A) A detailed explanation of the
                    activities undertaken using the grant, including an
                    explanation of how the comprehensive regional
                    technology strategy of the eligible consortium may
                    achieve specific improvements in domestic supply chain
                    resiliency, research, development, and deployment of
                    critical technologies, workforce development, domestic
                    job creation, and entrepreneurship goals within the
                    region served by the eligible consortium.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(B) A discussion of any obstacles
                    encountered in the planning process of the eligible
                    consortium and how the eligible consortium overcame the
                    obstacles.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(C) An evaluation of the success of the
                    project using the performance standards and measures
                    established under subsection (g), including an
                    evaluation of the planning process and how the project
                    contributes to carrying out the comprehensive regional
                    technology strategy.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(D) The progress of the region
                    identified by the consortium toward becoming a regional
                    technology hub.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(E) The effectiveness of the region
                    identified by the consortium in ensuring that growth in
                    innovation sectors produces broadly shared opportunity
                    in the region.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(F) Such other information as the
                    Secretary may require.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(3) Interim reports.--The Secretary may require,
            as a condition on receipt of a grant under this section, an
            eligible consortium to submit an interim report, before the
            date on which a project for which a grant is awarded under this
            section is completed.</DELETED>
    <DELETED>    ``(i) Technical Assistance for Grant Recipients and
    Applicants.--The Secretary may--</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(1) coordinate with other Federal agencies to
            establish interagency and multidisciplinary teams to provide
            technical assistance to recipients of, and prospective
            applicants for, grants under this section;</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(2) by Federal interagency agreement, transfer
            funds to another Federal agency to facilitate and support the
            provision of such technical assistance; and</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(3) enter into contracts with third parties to
            provide technical assistance to grant recipients and
            prospective applicants for grants under this section.</DELETED>
    <DELETED>    ``(j) Authorization of Appropriations.--</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(1) Authorization.--There are authorized to be
            appropriated to the Secretary for the award of grants under
            this section, to remain available until expended, amounts as
            follows:</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(A) $100,000,000 for each of fiscal
                    years 2022 and 2023.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    ``(B) $125,000,000 for each of fiscal
                    years 2024 through 2026.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    ``(2) Technical assistance.--The Secretary may use
            not more than 5 percent of the amounts made available under
            this subsection for a fiscal year for technical assistance
            under subsection (i).''.</DELETED>

    <DELETED>SEC. 9. MANUFACTURING USA PROGRAM.</DELETED>

    <DELETED>    (a) Definitions.--In this section:</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (1) Historically black college or university.--The
            term ``historically Black college or university'' has the
            meaning given the term ``part B institution'' in section 322 of
            the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1061).</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (2) Labor organization.--The term ``labor
            organization'' has the meaning given such term in section 8A(a)
            of the National Science Foundation Act of 1950.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (3) Manufacturing usa center.--The term
            ``Manufacturing USA center'' means an institute described in
            section 34(d)(3)(B) of the National Institute of Standards and
            Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278s(d)(3)(B)) and recognized by the
            Secretary under such section for purposes of participation in
            the Manufacturing USA Network.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (4) Manufacturing usa institute.--The term
            ``Manufacturing USA institute'' means an institute described in
            section 34(d) of the National Institute of Standards and
            Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278s(d)) that is not a Manufacturing
            USA center.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (5) Manufacturing usa network.--The term
            ``Manufacturing USA Network'' means the network established
            under section 34(c) of the National Institute of Standards and
            Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278s(c)).</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (6) Manufacturing usa program.--The term
            ``Manufacturing USA Program'' means the program established
            under section 34(b)(1) of the National Institute of Standards
            and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278s(b)(1)).</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (7) Minority-serving institution.--The term
            ``minority-serving institution'' means an eligible institution
            described in section 371(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965
            (20 U.S.C. 1067q(a)).</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (8) National program office.--The term ``National
            Program Office'' means the National Program Office established
            under section 34(h)(1) of the National Institute of Standards
            and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278s(h)(1)).</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (9) Tribal college or university.--The term
            ``Tribal college or university'' has the meaning given the term
            in section 316(b)(3) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20
            U.S.C. 1059c(b)(3)).</DELETED>
    <DELETED>    (b) Authorization of Appropriations To Enhance and Expand
    Manufacturing USA Program and Support Innovation and Growth in Domestic
    Manufacturing.--</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (1) In general.--There is authorized to be
            appropriated $2,410,000,000 for the period of fiscal years 2022
            through 2026 for the Secretary of Commerce, acting through the
            Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology
            and in coordination with the Secretary of Energy, the Secretary
            of Defense, and the heads of such other Federal agencies as the
            Secretary of Commerce considers relevant, to carry out the
            Manufacturing USA Program and to expand such program to support
            innovation and growth in domestic manufacturing.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (2) Manufacturing usa institutes.--</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (A) In general.--Of the amounts
                    appropriated pursuant to the authorization of
                    appropriations in paragraph (1), $1,190,000,000 shall
                    be available to support the establishment of new
                    Manufacturing USA institutes during the period
                    described in such paragraph.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (B) Financial assistance.--The Secretary
                    shall support the establishment of Manufacturing USA
                    institutes under subparagraph (A) through the award of
                    financial assistance under section 34(e) of the
                    National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15
                    U.S.C. 278s(e)).</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (C) Assignment of manufacturing usa
                    institutes to federal agency sponsors.--Following an
                    open topic competition organized by the Director of the
                    National Institute of Standards and Technology, the
                    Secretary of Commerce, in consultation with the
                    Secretary of Energy, the Secretary of Defense, and
                    other relevant Federal agencies, may select an
                    alternative Federal agency to sponsor a selected
                    Manufacturing USA institute based on its technology and
                    may transfer the appropriate funds to that alternative
                    Federal agency for operation and programming of the
                    selected Manufacturing USA institute.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (D) Coordination with existing
                    manufacturing usa institutes.--</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    (i) Coordination required.--In
                            establishing new Manufacturing USA institutes
                            under subparagraph (A), the Secretary of
                            Commerce shall coordinate with the Secretary of
                            Energy and the Secretary of Defense to ensure
                            there is no duplication of effort or technology
                            focus between new Manufacturing USA institutes
                            and Manufacturing USA institutes that were in
                            effect before the establishment of the new
                            Manufacturing USA institutes.</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    (ii) Consultation with existing
                            manufacturing usa institutes authorized.--In
                            carrying out coordination under clause (i), the
                            Secretary of Commerce may consult with
                            Manufacturing USA institutes that were in
                            effect before the establishment of new
                            Manufacturing USA institutes under subparagraph
                            (A) to inform the Department of Commerce of
                            additional new Manufacturing USA institutes
                            necessary to fill gaps in the support of
                            innovation and growth in domestic
                            manufacturing.</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    (iii) Involvement of existing
                            manufacturing usa institutes authorized.--In
                            coordination with the Secretary of Energy and
                            the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of
                            Commerce may involve Manufacturing USA
                            institutes that were in effect before the
                            establishment of new Manufacturing USA
                            institutes under subparagraph (A) in the
                            planning and execution of the new Manufacturing
                            USA institutes.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (3) Manufacturing usa centers and public service
            grants.--Of the amounts appropriated pursuant to the
            authorization of appropriations in paragraph (1), $375,000,000
            shall be available for the period described in such paragraph--
            </DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (A) for the Secretary, acting through the
                    Director and in consultation with the Secretary of
                    Energy, the Secretary of Defense, and the heads of such
                    other Federal agencies as the Secretary of Commerce
                    considers relevant, to recognize additional institutes
                    as Manufacturing USA institutes under section
                    34(d)(3)(B) of the National Institute of Standards and
                    Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278s(d)(3)(B)), giving
                    particular consideration to partnerships and
                    coordination with the Manufacturing USA institutes that
                    were already in effect, when practicable; and</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (B) to support the activities of
                    Manufacturing USA institutes and Manufacturing USA
                    centers through the award of grants under section 34(f)
                    of the National Institute of Standards and Technology
                    Act (15 U.S.C. 278s(f)).</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (4) Commercialization, workforce training, and
            supply chain investment.--Of the amounts appropriated pursuant
            to the authorization of appropriations in paragraph (1),
            $100,000,000 shall be available for the period described in
            such paragraph to support such programming for
            commercialization, workforce training, and supply chain
            activities across the Manufacturing USA Network as the
            Secretary considers appropriate in consultation with the
            Secretary of Energy, the Secretary of Defense, and the heads of
            such other Federal agencies as the Secretary of Commerce
            considers relevant.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (5) Ongoing support for existing manufacturing usa
            institutes.--</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (A) In general.--Of the amounts
                    appropriated pursuant to the authorization of
                    appropriations in paragraph (1), $725,000,000 shall be
                    available for the period described in such paragraph to
                    support Manufacturing USA institutes that were in
                    effect on the day before the date of the enactment of
                    this Act, of which $5,000,000 shall be available
                    (without cost share) to each such Manufacturing USA
                    institute each year for such period for ongoing
                    operation of the institutes, including operational
                    overhead, workforce training, and supply chain
                    activities.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (B) Additional support.--</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    (i) In general.--Of the amounts
                            specified in subparagraph (A), amounts shall be
                            available for financial assistance awards to
                            conduct projects as follows:</DELETED>
                                    <DELETED>    (I) $100,000,000 shall be
                                    available for Manufacturing USA
                                    institutes that were established under
                                    section 34(e) of the National Institute
                                    of Standards and Technology Act (15
                                    U.S.C. 278s(e)) and that were in effect
                                    on the day before the date of the
                                    enactment of this Act.</DELETED>
                                    <DELETED>    (II) $10,000,000 shall be
                                    available each year for the period
                                    described in such paragraph for each
                                    Manufacturing USA institute that is not
                                    receiving Manufacturing USA Program
                                    funding from any other Federal
                                    agency.</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    (ii) Federal funds matching
                            requirement.--A recipient of financial
                            assistance for a project under clause (i) shall
                            agree to make available to carry out the
                            project an amount of non-Federal funds that is
                            equal to or greater than 20 percent of the
                            total cost of the project.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (C) Renewal requirements.--Receipt of
                    ongoing support under subparagraph (A) shall be subject
                    to the requirements of section 34(e)(2)(B) of the
                    National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15
                    U.S.C. 278s(e)(2)(B)).</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (D) No cost share requirement.--The
                    Secretary shall not impose any cost share or matching
                    requirement on receipt of ongoing support under
                    subparagraph (A).</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (6) Management of interagency solicitations and
            ongoing management.--Of the amounts appropriated pursuant to
            the authorization of appropriations in paragraph (1),
            $20,000,000 shall be available annually for the period
            described in such paragraph for the National Program Office to
            coordinate the activities of the Manufacturing USA Network and
            manage interagency solicitations.</DELETED>
    <DELETED>    (c) Coordination Between Manufacturing USA Program and
    Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership.--The Secretary shall
    coordinate the activities of the Manufacturing USA Program and the
    activities of Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership with each
    other to the degree that doing so does not diminish the effectiveness
    of the ongoing activities of a Manufacturing USA institute or a Center
    (as the term is defined in section 25(a) of the National Institute of
    Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k(a))), including
    Manufacturing USA institutes entering into agreements with a Center (as
    so defined) that the Secretary considers appropriate to provide
    services relating to the mission of the Hollings Manufacturing
    Extension Partnership, including outreach, technical assistance,
    workforce development, and technology transfer and adoption assistance
    to small- and medium-sized manufacturers.</DELETED>
    <DELETED>    (d) Worker Advisory Council for Manufacturing USA
    Program.--</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (1) Establishment.--</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (A) In general.--The Secretary of Commerce
                    shall, in coordination with the Secretary of Labor, the
                    Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of Energy, and the
                    Secretary of Education, establish an advisory council
                    for the Manufacturing USA Program on the development
                    and dissemination of techniques, policies, and
                    investments for high-road labor practices, worker
                    adaptation and success with technological change, and
                    increased worker participation across the Manufacturing
                    USA Network.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (B) Membership.--The council established
                    under subparagraph (A) shall be composed of not fewer
                    than 15 members appointed by the Secretary of Commerce,
                    of whom--</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    (i) four shall be from labor
                            organizations;</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    (ii) four shall be from
                            educational institutions;</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    (iii) four shall be from labor-
                            management training, workforce development, and
                            nonprofit organizations, including those that
                            focus on workforce diversity and inclusion;
                            and</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    (iv) three shall be from industry
                            organizations or manufacturing firms, including
                            small- and medium-sized
                            manufacturers.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (C) Period of appointment; vacancies.--
                    </DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    (i) In general.--Each member of
                            the council established under subparagraph (A)
                            shall be appointed for a term of 3 years with
                            the ability to renew the appointment for no
                            more than 2 terms.</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    (ii) Vacancies.--Any member
                            appointed to fill a vacancy occurring before
                            the expiration of the term for which the
                            member's predecessor was appointed shall be
                            appointed only for the remainder of that term.
                            A member may serve after the expiration of that
                            term until a successor has been
                            appointed.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (D) Meetings.--</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    (i) Initial meeting.--Not later
                            than 180 days after the date of enactment of
                            this Act, the council established under
                            subparagraph (A) shall hold the first
                            meeting.</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    (ii) Additional meetings.--After
                            the first meeting of the council, the council
                            shall meet upon the call of the Secretary, and
                            at least once every 180 days
                            thereafter.</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    (iii) Quorum.--A majority of the
                            members of the council shall constitute a
                            quorum, but a lesser number of members may hold
                            hearings.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (E) Chairperson and vice chairperson.--The
                    Secretary shall elect 1 member of the council
                    established under subparagraph (A) to serve as the
                    chairperson of the council and 1 member of the council
                    to serve as the vice chairperson of the
                    council.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (2) Duties of the council.--The council
            established under paragraph (1)(A) shall provide advice and
            recommendations to the Secretary of Commerce on matters
            concerning investment in and support of the manufacturing
            workforce relating to the following:</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (A) Worker participation, including
                    through labor organizations, in the planning and
                    deployment of new technologies across an industry and
                    within workplaces.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (B) Policies to help workers adapt to
                    technological change, including training and education
                    priorities for the Federal Government and for employer
                    investments in workers.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (C) Assessments of impact on workers of
                    development of new technologies and processes by the
                    Manufacturing USA institutes.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (D) Management practices that prioritize
                    job quality, worker protection, worker participation
                    and power in decision making, and investment in worker
                    career success.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (E) Policies and procedures to prioritize
                    diversity and inclusion in the manufacturing and
                    technology workforce by expanding access to job, career
                    advancement, and management opportunities for
                    underrepresented populations.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (F) Assessments of technology improvements
                    achieved by the Manufacturing USA institutes and the
                    degree of domestic deployment of each new
                    technology.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (G) Such other matters as the Secretary
                    considers appropriate.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (3) Report.--</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (A) Appropriate committees of congress
                    defined.--In this paragraph, the term ``appropriate
                    committees of Congress'' means--</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    (i) the Committee on Health,
                            Education, Labor, and Pensions, the Committee
                            on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, the
                            Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, the
                            Committee on Armed Services, and the Committee
                            on Appropriations of the Senate; and</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    (ii) the Committee on Education
                            and Labor, the Committee on Science, Space, and
                            Technology, the Committee on Energy and
                            Commerce, the Committee on Armed Services, and
                            the Committee on Appropriations of the House of
                            Representatives.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (B) Report required.--Not later than 180
                    days after the date on which the council established
                    under paragraph (1)(A) holds its initial meeting under
                    paragraph (1)(D)(i) and annually thereafter, the
                    council shall submit to the appropriate committees of
                    Congress a report containing a detailed statement of
                    the advice and recommendations of the council pursuant
                    to paragraph (2).</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (4) Compensation.--</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (A) Prohibition of compensation.--Members
                    of the Council may not receive additional pay,
                    allowances, or benefits by reason of their service on
                    the Council.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (B) Travel expenses.--Each member shall
                    receive travel expenses, including per diem in lieu of
                    subsistence, in accordance with applicable provisions
                    under subchapter I of chapter 57 of title 5, United
                    States Code.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (5) FACA applicability.--</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (A) In general.--In discharging its duties
                    under this subsection, the council established under
                    paragraph (1)(A) shall function solely in an advisory
                    capacity, in accordance with the Federal Advisory
                    Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.).</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (B) Exception.--Section 14 of the Federal
                    Advisory Committee Act shall not apply to the
                    Council.</DELETED>
    <DELETED>    (e) Participation of Minority-Serving Institutions,
    Historically Black Colleges and Universities, and Tribal Colleges and
    Universities.--</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (1) In general.--The Secretary of Commerce, in
            coordination with the Secretary of Energy, the Secretary of
            Defense, and the heads of such other Federal agencies as the
            Secretary of Commerce considers relevant, shall coordinate with
            existing and new Manufacturing USA institutes to integrate
            covered entities as active members of the Manufacturing USA
            institutes, including through the development of preference
            criteria for proposals to create new Manufacturing USA
            institutes or renew existing Manufacturing USA institutes that
            include meaningful participation from a covered entity or that
            are led by a covered entity.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (2) Covered entities.--For purposes of this
            subsection, a covered entity is--</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (A) a minority-serving
                    institution;</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (B) an historically Black college or
                    university; or</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (C) a Tribal college or
                    university.</DELETED>
    <DELETED>    (f) Department of Commerce Policies To Promote Domestic
    Production of Technologies Developed Under Manufacturing USA Program.--
    </DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (1) Definition of domestic.--In this subsection,
            the term ``domestic'', with respect to development or
            production means development or production by, or with respect
            to source means the source is, a person incorporated or formed
            in the United States--</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (A) that is not under foreign ownership,
                    control, or influence (FOCI) as defined in section 847
                    of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal
                    Year 2020 (Public Law 116-92);</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (B) whose beneficial owners, as defined in
                    section 847 of the National Defense Authorization Act
                    for Fiscal Year 2020 (Public Law 116-92), are United
                    States persons;</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (C) whose management are United States
                    citizens;</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (D) whose principal place of business is
                    in the United States; and</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (E) who is not--</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    (i) a foreign incorporated entity
                            that is an inverted domestic corporation or any
                            subsidiary of such entity; or</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    (ii) any joint venture if more
                            than 10 percent of the joint venture (by vote
                            or value) is held by a foreign incorporated
                            entity that is an inverted domestic corporation
                            or any subsidiary of such entity.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (2) Policies.--</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (A) In general.--The Secretary of
                    Commerce, in consultation with the Secretary of Energy,
                    the Secretary of Defense, and the heads of such other
                    Federal agencies as the Secretary of Commerce considers
                    relevant, shall establish policies to promote the
                    domestic production of technologies developed by the
                    Manufacturing USA Network.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (B) Elements.--The policies developed
                    under subparagraph (A) shall include the
                    following:</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    (i) Measures to partner domestic
                            developers of goods, services, or technologies
                            by Manufacturing USA Network activities with
                            domestic manufacturers and sources of
                            financing.</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    (ii) Measures to develop and
                            provide incentives to promote transfer of
                            intellectual property and goods, services, or
                            technologies developed by Manufacturing USA
                            Network activities to domestic
                            manufacturers.</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    (iii) Measures to assist with
                            supplier scouting and other supply chain
                            development, including the use of the Hollings
                            Manufacturing Extension Partnership to carry
                            out such measures.</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    (iv) A process to review and
                            approve or deny membership in a Manufacturing
                            USA institute by foreign-owned companies,
                            especially from countries of concern, including
                            the People's Republic of China.</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    (v) Measures to prioritize Federal
                            procurement of goods, services, or technologies
                            developed by the Manufacturing USA Network
                            activities from domestic sources, as
                            appropriate.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (C) Processes for waivers.--The policies
                    established under this paragraph shall include
                    processes to permit waivers, on a case by case basis,
                    for policies that promote domestic production based on
                    cost, availability, severity of technical and mission
                    requirements, emergency requirements, operational
                    needs, other legal or international treaty obligations,
                    or other factors deemed important to the success of the
                    Manufacturing USA Program.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (3) Prohibition.--</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (A) Company defined.--In this paragraph,
                    the term ``company'' has the meaning given such term in
                    section 847(a) of the National Defense Authorization
                    Act for Fiscal Year 2020 (Public Law 116-92; 10 U.S.C.
                    2509 note).</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (B) In general.--A company of the People's
                    Republic of China may not participate in the
                    Manufacturing USA Program or the Manufacturing USA
                    Network without a waiver, as described in paragraph
                    (2)(C).</DELETED>

    <DELETED>SEC. 10. TECHNOLOGY COMMERCIALIZATION REVIEW.</DELETED>

    <DELETED>    (a) Key Technology Focus Areas Defined.--In this section,
    the term ``key technology focus areas'' means the areas included on the
    most recent list under section 8A(d)(2) of the National Science
    Foundation Act of 1950.</DELETED>
    <DELETED>    (b) Review and Recommendations Required.--Not later than
    180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Director of
    the Office of Science and Technology Policy, in consultation with the
    Director of the National Science Foundation and the Director of the
    National Institute of Standards and Technology, shall--</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (1) review--</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (A) the structure of current technology
                    research and commercialization arrangements with regard
                    to public-private partnerships; and</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (B) the extent to which intellectual
                    property developed with Federal funding--</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    (i) has been used by foreign
                            business entities;</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    (ii) is being used to manufacture
                            in the United States rather than in other
                            countries; and</DELETED>
                            <DELETED>    (iii) is being used by foreign
                            business entities domiciled or by foreign
                            business entities affiliated with or subsidiary
                            to foreign business entities in the People's
                            Republic of China;</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (2) develop recommendations for such legislative
            or administrative action as may be necessary--</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (A) to further incentivize industry
                    participation in public-private partnerships for the
                    purposes of accelerating technology research and
                    commercialization, including alternate ways of
                    accounting for in-kind contributions and value of
                    partially manufactured products;</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (B) to ensure that intellectual property
                    developed with Federal funding is commercialized in the
                    United States; and</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (C) to ensure that intellectual property
                    developed with Federal funding is not being used by
                    foreign business entities or by foreign business
                    entities affiliated with or subsidiary to foreign
                    business entities domiciled in the People's Republic of
                    China; and</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (3) submit to the Secretary of Commerce and
            Congress--</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (A) the findings of the Director of the
                    Office of Science and Technology Policy with respect to
                    the reviews conducted under paragraph (1);
                    and</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (B) the recommendations developed under
                    paragraph (2).</DELETED>

    <DELETED>SEC. 11. STUDY ON EMERGING SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY CHALLENGES
                  FACED BY THE UNITED STATES AND RECOMMENDATIONS TO ADDRESS
                  THEM.</DELETED>

    <DELETED>    (a) Short Title.--This section may be cited as the
    ``National Strategy to Ensure American Leadership Act of 2021'' or the
    ``National SEAL Act of 2021''.</DELETED>
    <DELETED>    (b) Study.--</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (1) In general.--The Secretary of Commerce
            (referred to in this section as the ``Secretary'') shall seek
            to enter into an agreement with the National Academies of
            Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to conduct a study--
            </DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (A) to identify the 10 most critical
                    emerging science and technology challenges facing the
                    United States; and</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (B) to develop recommendations for
                    legislative or administrative action to ensure United
                    States leadership in matters relating to such
                    challenges.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (2) Elements.--The study conducted under paragraph
            (1) shall include identification, review, and evaluation of the
            following:</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (A) Matters pertinent to identification of
                    the challenges described in paragraph (1)(A).</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (B) Matters relating to the
                    recommendations developed under paragraph (1)(B),
                    including with respect to education and workforce
                    development necessary to address each of the challenges
                    identified under paragraph (1)(A).</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (C) Matters related to the review of key
                    technology areas by the Directorate for Technology and
                    Innovation of the National Science Foundation under
                    section 8A(d) of the National Science Foundation Act of
                    1950.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (D) An assessment of the current relative
                    balance in leadership in addressing the challenges
                    identified in paragraph (1)(A) between the United
                    States, allies or key partners of the United States,
                    and the People's Republic of China.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (3) Timeframe.--</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (A) Agreement.--The Secretary shall seek
                    to enter into the agreement required by paragraph (1)
                    on or before the date that is 60 days after the date of
                    enactment of this Act.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (B) Findings.--Under an agreement entered
                    into under paragraph (1), the National Academies of
                    Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine shall, not later
                    than 1 year after the date on which the Secretary and
                    the National Academies enter into such agreement,
                    transmit to the Secretary the findings of the National
                    Academies with respect to the study conducted pursuant
                    to such agreement.</DELETED>
    <DELETED>    (c) Report.--</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (1) In general.--Not later than 30 days after the
            date on which the Secretary receives the findings of the
            National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine with
            respect to the study conducted under subsection (b), the
            Secretary shall submit to Congress a ``Strategy to Ensure
            American Leadership'' report on such study.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (2) Contents.--The report submitted under
            paragraph (1) shall include the following:</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (A) The findings of the National Academies
                    of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine with respect to
                    the study conducted under subsection (b).</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (B) The conclusions of the Secretary with
                    respect to such findings.</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (C) The recommendations developed under
                    subsection (b)(1)(B).</DELETED>
                    <DELETED>    (D) Such other recommendations for
                    legislative or administrative action as the Secretary
                    may have with respect to such findings and
                    conclusions.</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (3) Classified annex.--The report submitted under
            paragraph (1) shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may
            include a classified annex if the Secretary determines
            appropriate.</DELETED>
    <DELETED>    (d) Information From Federal Agencies.--</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (1) In general.--The National Academies of
            Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine may secure directly from a
            Federal department or agency such information as the National
            Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine consider
            necessary to carry out the study under subsection
            (b).</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (2) Furnishing information.--On request of the
            National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine for
            information, the head of the department or agency shall furnish
            such information to the National Academies of Sciences,
            Engineering, and Medicine.</DELETED>
    <DELETED>    (e) Consultation.--The Secretary of Defense and the
    Director of National Intelligence shall provide support upon request
    from the Secretary of Commerce or the National Academies to carry out
    this section.</DELETED>
    <DELETED>    (f) Non-Duplication of Effort.--In carrying out subsection
    (b), the Secretary shall, to the degree practicable, coordinate with
    the steering committee established under section 236(a) of the William
    M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year
    2021 (Public Law 116-283).</DELETED>

    <DELETED>SEC. 12. COORDINATION OF ACTIVITIES.</DELETED>

    <DELETED>    The Director of the Office of Science and Technology
    Policy, the Director of the National Economic Council, the Director of
    the Office of Management and Budget, the Director of the National
    Science Foundation, the Secretary of Commerce, and the Secretary of
    Energy shall, as applicable, coordinate with respect to activities of--
    </DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (1) the university technology centers established
            under section 8A(d)(6) of the National Science Foundation Act
            of 1950;</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (2) the regional technology hubs under section 28
            of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980, as
            added by section 7;</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (3) the Manufacturing USA Program established
            under section 34(b)(1) of the National Institute of Standards
            and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278s(b)(1));</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (4) federally funded research and development
            centers;</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (5) National Laboratories, as defined in section 2
            of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 15801);
            and</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (6) Federal laboratories, as defined in section 4
            of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15
            U.S.C. 3703).</DELETED>

    <DELETED>SEC. 13. PERSON OR ENTITY OF CONCERN PROHIBITION.</DELETED>

    <DELETED>    No person published on the list under section 1237(b) of
    the Strom Thurmond National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year
    1999 (Public Law 105-261; 50 U.S.C. 1701 note) or entity identified
    under section 1260H of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense
    Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public Law 116-283) may receive
    or participate in any grant, award, program, support, or other activity
    under--</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (1) section 8A of the National Science Foundation
            Act of 1950 (Public Law 81-507), as added by section
            3;</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (2) the Endless Frontier Fund under section
            4;</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (3) the supply chain resiliency program under
            section 6;</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (4) section 28(b)(1) of the Stevenson-Wydler
            Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (Public Law 96-480), as added
            by section 7(a);</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (5) section 29 of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology
            Innovation Act of 1980 (Public Law 96-480), as added by section
            8; or</DELETED>
            <DELETED>    (6) the Manufacturing USA Program, as improved and
            expanded under section 9.</DELETED>

    SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

        (a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``Endless Frontier
    Act''.
        (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents of this Act is as
    follows:

    Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
    Sec. 2. Definitions.
    Sec. 3. Sense of Congress.
    Sec. 4. Interagency working group.
    Sec. 5. Key technology focus areas.

                     TITLE I--NSF TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION

    Sec. 101. Definitions.
    Sec. 102. Directorate establishment and purpose.
    Sec. 103. Personnel management.
    Sec. 104. Innovation centers.
    Sec. 105. Transition of NSF programs.
    Sec. 106. Providing scholarships, fellowships, and other student
                                support.
    Sec. 107. Research and development.
    Sec. 108. Test beds.
    Sec. 109. Academic technology transfer.
    Sec. 110. Capacity-building program for developing universities.
    Sec. 111. Technical assistance.
    Sec. 112. Coordination of activities.
    Sec. 113. Reporting requirements.
    Sec. 114. Hands-on learning program.
    Sec. 115. Intellectual property protection.
    Sec. 116. Authorization of appropriations for the Foundation.
    Sec. 117. Authorization of appropriations for the Department of Energy.

       TITLE II--NSF RESEARCH, STEM, AND GEOGRAPHIC DIVERSITY INITIATIVES

    Sec. 201. Chief Diversity Officer of the NSF.
    Sec. 202. Programs to address the STEM workforce.
    Sec. 203. Emerging research institution pilot program.
    Sec. 204. Personnel management authorities for the Foundation.
    Sec. 205. Advanced Technological Manufacturing Act.
    Sec. 206. Intramural emerging institutions pilot program.
    Sec. 207. Public-private partnerships.
    Sec. 208. AI Scholarship-for-Service Act.
    Sec. 209. Geographic diversity.
    Sec. 210. Rural STEM Education Act.
    Sec. 211. Quantum Network Infrastructure and Workforce Development Act.
    Sec. 212. Supporting Early-Career Researchers Act.
    Sec. 213. Advancing Precision Agriculture Capabilities Act.
    Sec. 214. Critical minerals mining research.
    Sec. 215. Caregiver policies.
    Sec. 216. Presidential awards.
    Sec. 217. Bioeconomy Research and Development Act of 2021.
    Sec. 218. Microgravity Utilization Policy.

                          TITLE III--RESEARCH SECURITY

    Sec. 301. National science foundation research security.
    Sec. 302. Research security and integrity information sharing analysis
                                organization.
    Sec. 303. Foreign government talent recruitment program prohibition.
    Sec. 304. Additional requirements for directorate research security.
    Sec. 305. Protecting research from cyber theft.
    Sec. 306. International standards development.
    Sec. 307. Research funds accounting.
    Sec. 308. Plan with respect to sensitive or controlled information and
                                background screening.

                     TITLE IV--REGIONAL INNOVATION CAPACITY

    Sec. 401. Regional technology hubs.
    Sec. 402. Manufacturing USA Program.
    Sec. 403. Establishment of expansion awards program in Hollings
                                Manufacturing Extension Partnership and
                                authorization of appropriations for the
                                Partnership.
    Sec. 404. National Manufacturing Advisory Council.

                             TITLE V--MISCELLANEOUS

    Sec. 501. Strategy and report on economic security, science, research,
                                and innovation to support the national
                                security strategy.
    Sec. 502. Person or entity of concern prohibition.
    Sec. 503. Study on emerging science and technology challenges faced by
                                the United States and recommendations to
                                address them.
    Sec. 504. Report on global semiconductor shortage.
    Sec. 505. Supply chain resiliency program.
    Sec. 506. Semiconductor incentives.
    Sec. 507. Research investment to spark the Economy Act.
    Sec. 508. Office of manufacturing and industrial innovation policy.
    Sec. 509. Telecommunications Workforce Training Grant Program.
    Sec. 510. Country Of Origin Labeling Online Act.
    Sec. 511. Country of origin labeling for king crab and tanner crab.
    Sec. 512. Internet exchanges and submarine cables.
    Sec. 513. Study of sister city partnerships operating within the United
                                States involving foreign communities in
                                countries with significant public sector
                                corruption.
    Sec. 514. Prohibition on transfer, assignment, or disposition of
                                construction permits and station licenses
                                to entities subject to undue influence by
                                the Chinese Communist Party or the
                                Government of the People's Republic of
                                China.
    Sec. 515. Limitation on nuclear cooperation with the People's Republic
                                of China.
    Sec. 516. Certification.
    Sec. 517. Fairness and due process in standards-setting bodies.
    Sec. 518. Shark fin sales elimination.
    Sec. 519. Sense of Congress on forced labor.
    Sec. 520. Open network architecture.
    Sec. 521. Combatting Sexual Harassment in Science.

                            TITLE VI--SPACE MATTERS

                             Subtitle A--SPACE Act

    Sec. 601. Short title.
    Sec. 602. Sense of Congress.
    Sec. 603. Definitions.
    Sec. 604. Space situational awareness data, information, and services:
                                provision to non-United States Government
                                entities.
    Sec. 605. Centers of Excellence for Space Situational Awareness.

    Subtitle B--National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization
                                      Act

    Sec. 611. Short title.
    Sec. 612. Definitions.

                    PART I--Authorization of Appropriations

    Sec. 613. Authorization of appropriations.

                   PART II--Human Spaceflight and Exploration

    Sec. 614. Competitiveness within the human landing system program.
    Sec. 615. Space launch system configurations.
    Sec. 616. Advanced spacesuits.
    Sec. 617. Acquisition of domestic space transportation and logistics
                                resupply services.
    Sec. 618. Rocket engine test infrastructure.
    Sec. 619. Pearl River maintenance.
    Sec. 620. Value of International Space Station and capabilities in low-
                                Earth orbit.
    Sec. 621. Extension and modification relating to International Space
                                Station.
    Sec. 622. Department of Defense activities on International Space
                                Station.
    Sec. 623. Commercial development in low-Earth orbit.
    Sec. 624. Maintaining a national laboratory in space.
    Sec. 625. International Space Station national laboratory; property
                                rights in inventions.
    Sec. 626. Data first produced during non-NASA scientific use of the ISS
                                national laboratory.
    Sec. 627. Payments received for commercial space-enabled production on
                                the ISS.
    Sec. 628. Stepping stone approach to exploration.
    Sec. 629. Technical amendments relating to Artemis missions.

                               PART III--Science

    Sec. 631. Science priorities.
    Sec. 632. Lunar discovery program.
    Sec. 633. Search for life.
    Sec. 634. James Webb Space Telescope.
    Sec. 635. Wide-Field Infrared Survey Telescope.
    Sec. 636. Study on satellite servicing for science missions.
    Sec. 637. Earth science missions and programs.
    Sec. 638. Life science and physical science research.
    Sec. 639. Science missions to Mars.
    Sec. 640. Planetary Defense Coordination Office.
    Sec. 641. Suborbital science flights.
    Sec. 642. Earth science data and observations.
    Sec. 643. Sense of Congress on small satellite science.
    Sec. 644. Sense of Congress on commercial space services.
    Sec. 645. Procedures for identifying and addressing alleged violations
                                of scientific integrity policy.

                              PART IV--Aeronautics

    Sec. 646. Short title.
    Sec. 647. Definitions.
    Sec. 648. Experimental aircraft projects.
    Sec. 649. Unmanned aircraft systems.
    Sec. 650. 21st Century Aeronautics Capabilities Initiative.
    Sec. 651. Sense of Congress on on-demand air transportation.
    Sec. 652. Sense of Congress on hypersonic technology research.

                            PART V--Space Technology

    Sec. 653. Space Technology Mission Directorate.
    Sec. 654. Flight opportunities program.
    Sec. 655. Small Spacecraft Technology Program.
    Sec. 656. Nuclear propulsion technology.
    Sec. 657. Mars-forward technologies.
    Sec. 658. Prioritization of low-enriched uranium technology.
    Sec. 659. Sense of Congress on next-generation communications
                                technology.
    Sec. 660. Lunar surface technologies.

                            PART VI--STEM Engagement

    Sec. 661. Sense of Congress.
    Sec. 662. STEM education engagement activities.
    Sec. 663. Skilled technical education outreach program.
    Sec. 664. National space grant college and fellowship program.

                    PART VII--Workforce and Industrial Base

    Sec. 665. Appointment and compensation pilot program.
    Sec. 666. Establishment of multi-institution consortia.
    Sec. 667. Expedited access to technical talent and expertise.
    Sec. 668. Report on industrial base for civil space missions and
                                operations.
    Sec. 669. Separations and retirement incentives.
    Sec. 670. Confidentiality of medical quality assurance records.

                      PART VIII--Miscellaneous Provisions

    Sec. 671. Contracting authority.
    Sec. 672. Authority for transaction prototype projects and follow-on
                                production contracts.
    Sec. 673. Protection of data and information from public disclosure.
    Sec. 674. Physical security modernization.
    Sec. 675. Lease of non-excess property.
    Sec. 676. Cybersecurity.
    Sec. 677. Limitation on cooperation with the People's Republic of
                                China.
    Sec. 678. Consideration of issues related to contracting with entities
                                receiving assistance from or affiliated
                                with the People's Republic of China.
    Sec. 679. Small satellite launch services program.
    Sec. 680. 21st century space launch infrastructure.
    Sec. 681. Missions of national need.
    Sec. 682. Drinking water well replacement for Chincoteague, Virginia.
    Sec. 683. Passenger carrier use.
    Sec. 684. Use of commercial near-space balloons.
    Sec. 685. President's Space Advisory Board.
    Sec. 686. Initiative on technologies for noise and emissions
                                reductions.
    Sec. 687. Remediation of sites contaminated with trichloroethylene.
    Sec. 688. Review on preference for domestic suppliers.
    Sec. 689. Report on use of commercial spaceports licensed by the
                                Federal Aviation Administration.
    Sec. 690. Active orbital debris mitigation.
    Sec. 691. Study on commercial communications services.

    SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS.

        Unless otherwise specified, in this Act:
                (1) Apprenticeship.--The term ``apprenticeship'' means an
            apprenticeship registered under the Act of August 16, 1937
            (commonly known as the ``National Apprenticeship Act''; 50
            Stat. 664, chapter 663; 29 U.S.C. 50 et seq.) that meets the
            standards of subpart A of part 29 and part 30 of title 29, Code
            of Federal Regulations.
                (2) Director.--The term ``Director'' means the Director of
            the National Science Foundation.
                (3) Directorate.--The term ``Directorate'' means the
            Directorate for Technology and Innovation established under
            section 102.
                (4) Emerging research institution.--The term ``emerging
            research institution'' means an institution of higher education
            with an established undergraduate or graduate program that has,
            on average for the 3 years prior to an application for an award
            under this Act, received less than $50,000,000 in Federal
            research funding.
                (5) EPSCoR.--The term ``EPSCoR'' means the Established
            Program to Stimulate Competitive Research under section 113 of
            the National Science Foundation Authorization Act of 1988 (42
            U.S.C. 1862g).
                (6) Foundation.--The term ``Foundation'' means the National
            Science Foundation.
                (7) Historically black college or university.--The term
            ``historically Black college or university'' has the meaning
            given the term ``part B institution'' in section 322 of the
            Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1061).
                (8) Institution of higher education.--The term
            ``institution of higher education'' has the meaning given the
            term in section 101 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20
            U.S.C. 1001).
                (9) Key technology focus areas.--The term ``key technology
            focus areas'' means the areas included on the most recent list
            under section 5.
                (10) Minority-serving institution.--The term ``minority-
            serving institution'' means an institution described in section
            371(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C.
            1067q(a)).
                (11) STEM.--The term ``STEM'' means the academic and
            professional disciplines of science, technology, engineering,
            and mathematics, including computer science.

    SEC. 3. SENSE OF CONGRESS.

        It is the sense of Congress that--
                (1) the National Science Foundation, the Department of
            Energy and its National Laboratories (as defined in section 2
            of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 15801)), and other
            key Federal agencies have carried out vital work supporting
            basic and applied research to create knowledge that is a key
            driver of the economy of the United States and a critical
            component of national security;
                (2) openness to diverse perspectives and a focus on freedom
            from censorship and political bias will continue to make
            educational and research institutions in the United States
            beacons to thousands of students from across the world;
                (3) increasing research and technology transfer
            investments, building regional capacity and reducing geographic
            disparity, strengthening supply chains, and increasing
            capabilities in key technology focus areas will enhance the
            competitive advantage and leadership of the United States in
            the global economy;
                (4) the Federal Government must utilize the full talent and
            potential of the entire Nation by avoiding undue geographic
            concentration of research and education funding, encouraging
            broader participation of populations underrepresented in STEM,
            and collaborating with non-government partners to ensure the
            leadership of the United States in technological innovation;
            and
                (5) authorization and funding for investments in research,
            education, technology transfer, intellectual property,
            manufacturing, and other core strengths of the United States
            innovation ecosystem, including at the National Science
            Foundation and the Department of Energy, should be done on a
            bipartisan basis.

    SEC. 4. INTERAGENCY WORKING GROUP.

        (a) Establishment.--The Director of the Office of Science and
    Technology Policy, acting through the National Science and Technology
    Council, shall establish or designate an interagency working group to
    coordinate the activities specified in subsection (c).
        (b) Composition.--The interagency working group shall be composed
    of the following members (or their designees), who may be organized
    into subcommittees, as appropriate:
                (1) The Secretary of Commerce.
                (2) The Director of the National Science Foundation.
                (3) The Secretary of Energy.
                (4) The Secretary of Defense.
                (5) The Director of the National Economic Council.
                (6) The Director of the Office of Management and Budget.
                (7) The Secretary of Health and Human Services.
                (8) The Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space
            Administration.
                (9) The Secretary of Agriculture.
                (10) The Director of National Intelligence.
                (11) The Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation.
                (12) Such other Federal officials as the Director of the
            Office of Science and Technology Policy considers appropriate,
            including members of the National Science and Technology
            Council Committee on Technology.
        (c) Coordination.--The interagency working group shall ensure that
    the activities of different Federal agencies enhance and complement,
    but, as appropriate, do not duplicate, efforts being carried out by
    another Federal agency, with a focus on--
                (1) the activities of the National Science Foundation
            Technology and Innovation Directorate in the key technology
            focus areas, such as within the innovation centers under
            section 104 and test beds under section 108 under this Act;
                (2) the activities of the Department of Commerce under this
            Act, including regional technology hubs under section 28 of the
            Stevenson-Wydler Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 13701 et seq.), the
            Manufacturing USA Program established under section 34(b)(1) of
            the National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15
            U.S.C. 278s(b)(1)), and the Hollings Manufacturing Extension
            Partnership;
                (3) the activities of the Department of Energy in the key
            technology focus areas, including at the national laboratories,
            as defined in section 2 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42
            U.S.C. 15801), and at Federal laboratories, as defined in
            section 4 of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of
            1980 (15 U.S.C. 3703), and facilities and user facilities
            operated in partnership with such national laboratories or the
            Department of Energy; and
                (4) any other program that the Director of the Office of
            Science and Technology Policy determines involves research and
            development with respect to the key technology focus areas.
        (d) Report.--The interagency working group shall--
                (1) by not later than 180 days after the date of enactment
            of this Act--
                        (A) conduct an initial review of Federal programs
                    and resources with respect to the key technology focus
                    areas identified pursuant to section 5(a), in order
                    to--
                                (i) assess current level of efforts and
                            characterize existing research infrastructure,
                            as of the date of the review;
                                (ii) identify potential areas of overlap or
                            duplication with respect to the key technology
                            focus areas; and
                                (iii) identify potential cross-agency
                            collaborations and joint funding opportunities;
                            and
                        (B) review whether Federal investments in the key
                    technology focus areas have resulted in new domestic
                    manufacturing capacity and job creation;
                        (C) submit a report regarding the review described
                    in subparagraph (A) to Congress; and
                        (D) seek stakeholder input and recommendations in
                    the course of such review;
                (2) shall carry out the annual reviews and updates required
            under section 5.
        (e) Detailed Description.--The National Science Foundation and the
    Department of Energy shall, in coordination with the Office of
    Management and Budget, submit as part of their annual budget requests
    to Congress, a detailed description of the activities to be funded
    under this Act, including an explanation of how the requested funding
    is complementary and not redundant of programs, efforts, and
    infrastructure undertaken or supported by other relevant Federal
    agencies.
        (f) Conflicts.--If any conflicts between Federal agencies arise
    while carrying out the activities under this section, the President
    shall make the final decision regarding resolution of the conflict.

    SEC. 5. KEY TECHNOLOGY FOCUS AREAS.

        (a) In General.--
                (1) Initial list.--The initial key technology focus areas
            are:
                        (A) Artificial intelligence, machine learning,
                    autonomy, and related advances.
                        (B) High performance computing, semiconductors, and
                    advanced computer hardware and software.
                        (C) Quantum information science and technology.
                        (D) Robotics, automation, and advanced
                    manufacturing.
                        (E) Natural and anthropogenic disaster prevention
                    or mitigation.
                        (F) Advanced communications technology and
                    immersive technology.
                        (G) Biotechnology, medical technology, genomics,
                    and synthetic biology.
                        (H) Data storage, data management, distributed
                    ledger technologies, and cybersecurity, including
                    biometrics.
                        (I) Advanced energy, batteries, and industrial
                    efficiency, including advanced nuclear technologies for
                    the purposes of electric generation (consistent with
                    section 15 of the National Science Foundation Act of
                    1950 (42 U.S.C. 1874).
                        (J) Advanced materials science, including
                    composites and 2D materials.
                (2) Review and updates.--The Director and the Secretary of
            Energy, in coordination with the interagency working group
            established under section 4 and in consultation with the
            Director of National Intelligence and the Director of the
            Federal Bureau of Investigation, shall annually review, and
            update as required, the list of key technology focus areas for
            purposes of this Act.
        (b) Annual Review.--In annually reviewing and updating (as
    necessary) the list of key technology focus areas, the Director of the
    National Science Foundation and the Secretary of Energy, in
    coordination with the interagency working group established under
    section 4--
                (1) shall consider input from relevant industries;
                (2) may consider the challenges and recommendations
            identified in the report required by section 503 and in other
            relevant reports, such as technology and global trend reports
            from the defense and intelligence communities;
                (3) shall consider the potential impact of the key
            technology focus areas on addressing national challenges,
            including competitive and security threats to the United States
            and to United States industries, including agriculture; and
                (4) subject to the limitation under subsection (c), may add
            or delete key technology focus areas in light of shifting
            national needs or competitive threats to the United States
            (including for reasons of the United States or other countries
            having advanced or fallen behind in a technological area).
        (c) Limit on Key Technology Focus Areas.--Not more than 10 key
    technology focus areas shall be included on the list of key technology
    focus areas at any time. Engineering and exploration relevant to the
    other key technology focus areas described in this section shall be
    considered part of the relevant key technology focus area.
        (d) Reporting.--The Director and the Secretary of Energy shall
    annually deliver a report to Congress detailing--
                (1) the key technology focus areas and rationale for their
            selection;
                (2) the role of the Foundation, the Department of Energy,
            and other Federal entities, as relevant, in advancing the key
            technology focus areas; and
                (3) the impact, including to the academic research
            community, of any changes to the key technology focus areas.
        (e) National Academies.--Not later than 5 years after the date of
    enactment of this Act, the Director shall contract with the National
    Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to conduct a review of
    the key technology focus areas.

                     TITLE I--NSF TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION

    SEC. 101. DEFINITIONS.

        In this title:
                (1) Designated country.--
                        (A) In general.--The term ``designated country''--
                                (i) except as provided in clause (ii),
                            means--
                                        (I) Australia;
                                        (II) Canada;
                                        (III) New Zealand;
                                        (IV) the United Kingdom;
                                        (V) the State of Israel;
                                        (VI) Taiwan; and
                                        (VII) any other country that has
                                    been approved and designated in writing
                                    by the President for purposes of this
                                    Act, after providing--
                                                (aa) not less than 30 days
                                            of advance notification and
                                            explanation to the relevant
                                            congressional committees before
                                            the designation; and
                                                (bb) in-person briefings to
                                            such committees, if requested
                                            during the 30-day advance
                                            notification period described
                                            in item (aa); and
                                (ii) excludes any country that takes
                            actions to boycott, divest from, or sanction
                            Israel.
                        (B) Actions to boycott, divest from, or sanction
                    israel.--For purposes of subparagraph (A)(ii), the term
                    ``actions to boycott, divest from, or sanction Israel''
                    has the meaning given such term in section
                    102(b)(20)(B) of the Bipartisan Congressional Trade
                    Priorities and Accountability Act of 2015 (19 U.S.C.
                    4201(b)(20)(B)).
                (2) Labor organization.--The term ``labor organization''
            has the meaning given the term in section 2(5) of the National
            Labor Relations Act (29 U.S.C. 152(5)), except that such term
            shall also include--
                        (A) any organization composed of labor
                    organizations, such as a labor union federation or a
                    State or municipal labor body; and
                        (B) any organization which would be included in the
                    definition for such term under such section 2(5) but
                    for the fact that the organization represents--
                                (i) individuals employed by the United
                            States, any wholly owned Government
                            corporation, any Federal Reserve Bank, or any
                            State or political subdivision thereof;
                                (ii) individuals employed by persons
                            subject to the Railway Labor Act (45 U.S.C. 151
                            et seq.); or
                                (iii) individuals employed as agricultural
                            laborers.
                (3) National laboratory.--The term ``National Laboratory''
            has the meaning given the term in section 3 of the Energy
            Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 15801).
                (4) Tribal college or university.--The term ``Tribal
            College or University'' has the meaning given the term in
            section 316(b)(3) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20
            U.S.C. 1059c(b)(3)).

    SEC. 102. DIRECTORATE ESTABLISHMENT AND PURPOSE.

        (a) Establishment of Directorate for Technology and Innovation.--
    Subject to the availability of appropriations and not later than 180
    days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Director shall
    establish a Directorate for Technology and Innovation in the
    Foundation.
        (b) Purposes.--The Directorate shall further the following
    purposes:
                (1) Strengthening the leadership of the United States in
            critical technologies, including as relevant to the critical
            national needs described in section 7018 of the America
            COMPETES Act (42 U.S.C. 1862o-5).
                (2) Addressing and mitigating technology challenges
            integral to the geostrategic position of the United States
            through the activities authorized by this title.
                (3) Enhancing the competitiveness of the United States by
            improving education in the key technology focus areas and
            attracting more students to such areas at all levels of
            education.
                (4) Accelerating the translation and development of
            scientific advances in the key technology focus areas into
            processes and products in the United States.
                (5) Utilizing the full potential of the United States
            workforce by avoiding undue geographic concentration of
            research and development and education funding across the
            United States, and encouraging broader participation in the key
            technology focus areas by populations underrepresented in STEM.
                (6) Ensuring the programmatic work of the Directorate and
            Foundation incorporates a workforce perspective from labor
            organizations and workforce training organizations.
        (c) Activities.--The Directorate--
                (1) shall support basic and applied research, and
            technology development of such research, including through
            awards to individual researchers, entities, or consortia and
            through diverse funding mechanisms and models;
                (2) shall identify and develop opportunities to coordinate
            and collaborate on research, development, and
            commercialization--
                        (A) with other directorates and offices of the
                    Foundation;
                        (B) with stakeholders in academia, the private
                    sector, and nonprofit entities; and
                        (C) with other Federal research agencies, as well
                    as State and local governments;
                (3) shall provide awards for research and development
            projects designed to achieve specific technology metrics or
            objectives;
                (4) may support research and technology development
            infrastructure, including testbeds, to advance the development,
            operation, integration, and deployment of innovation;
                (5) shall identify and develop opportunities to reduce
            barriers for technology transfer, including intellectual
            property frameworks between academia and industry, nonprofit
            entities, and the venture capital communities;
                (6) shall build capacity for research at institutions of
            higher education across the United States;
                (7) shall partner with other directorates and offices of
            the Foundation for projects or research, including--
                        (A) to pursue basic questions about natural, human,
                    and physical phenomena that could enable advances in
                    the key technology focus areas;
                        (B) to study questions that could affect the design
                    (including human interfaces), safety, security,
                    operation, deployment, or the social and ethical
                    consequences of technologies in the key technology
                    focus areas, including the development of technologies
                    that complement or enhance the abilities of workers and
                    impact of specific innovations on domestic jobs and
                    equitable opportunity; and
                        (C) to further the creation of a domestic workforce
                    capable of advancing, using, and adapting to key
                    technology focus areas and understanding and improving
                    the impact of key technology focus areas on STEM
                    teaching and learning by advancing the key technology
                    focus areas, including engaging relevant partners in
                    research and innovation programs;
                (8) may make awards under the SBIR and STTR programs (as
            defined in section 9(e) of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C.
            638(e)); and
                (9) may enter into and perform such contracts, make such
            financial assistance awards, carry out such other transactions,
            or make such other arrangements, or modifications thereof, as
            may be necessary in the conduct of the work of the Directorate
            and on such terms as the Director considers appropriate, in
            furtherance of the purposes of this title.
        (d) Assistant Director.--
                (1) Appointment.--The Director shall appoint an Assistant
            Director for the Directorate, in the same manner as other
            Assistant Directors of the Foundation are appointed.
                (2) Qualifications.--Each Assistant Director for the
            Directorate shall be an individual, who by reason of
            professional background and experience, is specially qualified
            to advise the Foundation on all matters pertaining to research,
            development, and commercialization at the Foundation, including
            partnerships with the private sector and other users of
            Foundation funded research.
        (e) Considerations.--After completion of the studies regarding
    emerging technologies conducted by the Secretary of Commerce under
    title XV of division FF of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021
    (Public Law 116-260), the Director shall consider the results of such
    studies in carrying out the activities of the Directorate.

    SEC. 103. PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT.

        (a) Personnel.--The Director shall establish and maintain within
    the Directorate a staff with sufficient qualifications and expertise to
    enable the Directorate to carry out its responsibilities under this
    title.
        (b) Program Directors.--
                (1) Designation.--The Director may designate employees to
            serve as program directors for the programs established within
            the Directorate pursuant to the responsibilities established
            under paragraph (2). The Director shall ensure that program
            directors--
                        (A) have expertise in the key technology focus
                    areas; and
                        (B) come from a variety of backgrounds, including
                    industry, and from a variety of institutions of higher
                    education.
                (2) Responsibilities.--A program director of a program of
            the Directorate shall be responsible for--
                        (A) establishing research and development goals for
                    the program, including through the convening of
                    workshops and conferring with outside experts and by
                    publicizing the goals of the program to the public and
                    private sectors;
                        (B) soliciting proposals from entities to conduct
                    research in areas of particular promise within key
                    technology focus areas, especially areas that the
                    private sector or the Federal Government are not likely
                    to undertake alone;
                        (C) identifying areas for research and development;
                        (D) building research collaborations for carrying
                    out the program;
                        (E) reviewing applications for projects to be
                    supported under the program, and considering--
                                (i) the novelty and scientific and
                            technical merit of the proposed projects;
                                (ii) broader impacts criteria under section
                            526 of the National Science Foundation
                            Authorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 1862p-14);
                                (iii) the demonstrated capabilities of the
                            applicants to successfully carry out the
                            proposed project;
                                (iv) the consideration by the applicant of
                            future commercial applications of the project,
                            including the feasibility of partnering with 1
                            or more commercial entities; and
                                (v) such other criteria as are established
                            by the Director; and
                        (F) monitoring the progress of projects supported
                    under the program and recommending program restructure
                    or termination, as needed.
                (3) Terms.--Program directors of the Directorate may be
            appointed by the Director for a limited term, renewable at the
            discretion of the Director.
        (c) Selection Criteria and Report.--
                (1) Peer review.--The Directorate may use a peer review
            process to inform the selection of award recipients.
                (2) Report.--Not later than 18 months after the
            establishment of the Directorate, the Director shall prepare
            and submit a report to Congress regarding the use of
            alternative methods for the selection of award recipients and
            the distribution of funding to recipients, as compared to the
            traditional peer review process.
        (d) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this section shall be
    construed to modify the authority of the Director or the National
    Science Board with respect to the selection of recipients for funding
    from the Foundation.

    SEC. 104. INNOVATION CENTERS.

        (a) University Technology Center Program.--
                (1) In general.--From amounts made available to the
            Directorate, the Director shall establish a program in the
            Directorate to make awards, through a competitive selection
            process, to eligible entities to establish university
            technology centers.
                (2) Purpose.--The purpose of the university technology
            centers shall be to--
                        (A) conduct multi-disciplinary, collaborative basic
                    and applied research, relevant to at least one of the
                    key technology focus areas;
                        (B) leverage the expertise of multi-disciplinary
                    and multi-sector partners, including partners from
                    private industry;
                        (C) further the development, deployment, and
                    commercialization of innovations, including inventions,
                    in the key technology focus areas, including those
                    derived from the activities of the university
                    technology center; and
                        (D) support the development of scientific,
                    innovation, entrepreneurial, and educational capacity
                    within the region of the university technology center.
                (3) Use of funds.--University technology centers
            established under this subsection may use support provided--
                        (A) to carry out research to advance innovation in
                    the key technology focus areas;
                        (B) for technology development activities such as
                    proof-of-concept development, prototyping, design
                    modification, experimental development, and other
                    actions to reduce the cost, time, and risk of
                    commercializing new technologies;
                        (C) for the costs of equipment and
                    cyberinfrastructure;
                        (D) for the costs associated with technology
                    transfer and commercialization, including patenting and
                    licensing; or
                        (E) for operations and staff.
                (4) Selection process.--In selecting recipients under this
            subsection, the Director shall consider, in addition to the
            scientific and technical merit of the proposal--
                        (A) maximizing regional and geographic diversity of
                    the university technology centers, including by
                    considering rural-serving institutions of higher
                    education (as defined in section 861(b) of the Higher
                    Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1161a(b));
                        (B) the extent to which the applicant's proposal
                    would broaden participation by populations
                    underrepresented in STEM;
                        (C) the capacity of the applicant to engage
                    industry, labor, and other appropriate organizations
                    and, where applicable, contribute to growth in domestic
                    manufacturing capacity and job creation;
                        (D) in the case of a consortium, the extent to
                    which the proposal includes institutions listed in
                    paragraph (7)(C)(ii);
                        (E) the amount of funds from industry organizations
                    described in paragraph (5)(A)(ii) the applicant would
                    use towards establishing the university technology
                    center;
                        (F) the plan and capability of the applicant to
                    take measures to prevent the inappropriate use of the
                    research and technology of the center, including
                    research results, data, and intellectual property, as
                    appropriate and consistent with the requirements of the
                    relevant award; and
                        (G) the plan and capability of the applicant to
                    support proof-of-concept development and prototyping as
                    well as technology transfer and commercialization
                    activities.
                (5) Requirements.--
                        (A) In general.--The Director shall ensure that any
                    eligible entity receiving an award under this
                    subsection has--
                                (i) the capacity or the ability to acquire
                            the capacity to advance the purposes described
                            in section 102(b); and
                                (ii) secured contributions for establishing
                            the university technology center under this
                            subsection from industry or other non-Federal
                            organizations in an amount not less than 10
                            percent of the total amount of the award the
                            eligible entity would receive under this
                            subsection.
                        (B) Consortium eligibility.--To be eligible to
                    receive an award for the establishment and operation of
                    a university technology center, a consortium shall be
                    composed of not fewer than 2 entities as described in
                    paragraph (7)(C) and operate subject to a binding
                    agreement, entered into by each member of the
                    consortium, that documents--
                                (i) the proposed partnership agreement,
                            including the governance and management
                            structure of the university technology center;
                                (ii) measures the consortium will undertake
                            to enable cost-effective implementation of
                            activities under paragraph (3);
                                (iii) a proposed budget, including
                            financial contributions from non-Federal
                            sources; and
                                (iv) the plan for ownership and use of any
                            intellectual property developed by the center.
                (6) Support of regional technology hubs.--Each university
            technology center established under this subsection may support
            and participate in, as appropriate, the activities of any
            regional technology hub designated under section 28 of the
            Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C.
            3701 et seq.), as amended by section 401 of this Act.
                (7) Eligible entity.--In this subsection, the term
            ``eligible entity'' means--
                        (A) an individual institution of higher education;
                        (B) a nonprofit entity; or
                        (C) a consortium that--
                                (i) shall include and be led by an
                            institution of higher education or by a
                            nonprofit entity, designed to support
                            technology development;
                                (ii) shall include 1 or more institution
                            that is--
                                        (I) a historically Black college or
                                    university;
                                        (II) a Tribal College or
                                    University;
                                        (III) a minority-serving
                                    institution (or an institution of
                                    higher education with an established
                                    STEM capacity building program focused
                                    on traditionally underrepresented
                                    populations in STEM, including Native
                                    Hawaiians, Alaska Natives, and other
                                    Indians);
                                        (IV) an institution that
                                    participates in the Established Program
                                    to Stimulate Competitive Research under
                                    section 113 of the National Science
                                    Foundation Authorization Act of 1988
                                    (42 U.S.C. 1862g);
                                        (V) an emerging research
                                    institution; or
                                        (VI) a community college; and
                                (iii) may include 1 or more--
                                        (I) additional entities described
                                    in subparagraph (A) or (B);
                                        (II) industry entities, including
                                    startups, small businesses, and public-
                                    private partnerships;
                                        (III) economic development
                                    organizations or venture development
                                    organizations, as such terms are
                                    defined in section 28(a) of the
                                    Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation
                                    Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 13701 et seq.),
                                    as amended by section 401 of this Act;
                                        (IV) National Laboratories;
                                        (V) Federal laboratories, as
                                    defined in section 4 of the Stevenson-
                                    Wydler Technology Innovation Act of
                                    1980 (15 U.S.C. 3703);
                                        (VI) Federal research facilities;
                                        (VII) labor organizations;
                                        (VIII) entities described in
                                    subparagraph (A) or (B) from allied or
                                    partner countries;
                                        (IX) other entities if determined
                                    by the Director to be vital to the
                                    success of the program; and
                                        (X) binational research and
                                    development foundations and funds,
                                    excluding foreign entities of concern,
                                    as defined in section 307.
        (b) Innovation Institute.--
                (1) In general.--The Director shall establish innovation
            institutes to further the research, development, and
            commercialization of innovation in the key technology focus
            areas.
                (2) Partnerships.--
                        (A) In general.--Each innovation institute shall be
                    comprised of a partnership including 2 or more of the
                    following entities:
                                (i) An institution of higher education.
                                (ii) A for-profit company.
                                (iii) A nonprofit organization.
                                (iv) A Federal agency.
                                (v) Another entity, if that entity is
                            determined by the Director to be vital to the
                            success of the program.
                        (B) Co-equal.--Each entity comprising the institute
                    shall, to the extent practicable, work as co-equal
                    partners in terms of funding and research efforts in
                    support of the institute.
                        (C) Institutional or organizational level.--The
                    Director shall work to ensure that such partnerships
                    exist at the institutional or organization level,
                    rather than solely at the principal investigator level.
                (3) Cost share.--To the extent practicable, not less than
            half of the funding for an institute shall be provided by non-
            Federal entities.
        (c) Number of Centers and Institutes Established.--The Director
    shall endeavor to establish a balance in the number of university
    technology centers and innovation institutes.

    SEC. 105. TRANSITION OF NSF PROGRAMS.

        The Director may transition the management of existing programs of
    the National Science Foundation that conduct activities in addition to
    basic research to the Directorate, including--
                (1) Convergence Accelerator;
                (2) Industry-University Cooperative Research Centers;
                (3) National AI Research Institutes;
                (4) Innovation Corps (I-Corps), as described in section 601
            of the American Innovation and Competitiveness Act (42 U.S.C.
            1862s-8); and
                (5) any other programs that the Director considers
            appropriate.

    SEC. 106. PROVIDING SCHOLARSHIPS, FELLOWSHIPS, AND OTHER STUDENT
                  SUPPORT.

        (a) In General.--The Director, acting through the Directorate,
    shall fund undergraduate scholarships (including at community
    colleges), graduate fellowships and traineeships, and postdoctoral
    awards in the key technology focus areas.
        (b) Implementation.--The Director may carry out subsection (a) by
    making awards--
                (1) directly to students; and
                (2) to institutions of higher education or consortia of
            institutions of higher education, including those institutions
            or consortia involved in operating university technology
            centers established under section 104(a).
        (c) Broadening Participation.--In carrying out this section, the
    Director shall take steps to increase the participation of populations
    that are underrepresented in STEM, which may include--
                (1) establishing or augmenting programs targeted at
            populations that are underrepresented in STEM;
                (2) supporting traineeships or other relevant programs at
            minority-serving institutions (or institutions of higher
            education with an established STEM capacity building program
            focused on traditionally underrepresented populations in STEM,
            including Native Hawaiians, Alaska Natives, and other Indians);
                (3) addressing current and expected gaps in the
            availability or skills of the STEM workforce, or addressing
            needs of the STEM workforce, including by increasing
            educational capacity at institutions and by prioritizing awards
            to United States citizens, permanent residents, and individuals
            that will grow the domestic workforce; and
                (4) addressing geographic diversity in the STEM workforce.
        (d) Innovation.--In carrying out this section, the Director shall
    encourage innovation in graduate education, including through
    encouraging institutions of higher education to offer graduate students
    opportunities to gain experience in industry or Government as part of
    their graduate training, and through support for students in
    professional masters programs related to the key technology focus
    areas.
        (e) Areas of Funding Support.--Subject to the availability of funds
    to carry out this section, the Director shall--
                (1) issue--
                        (A) postdoctoral awards,
                        (B) graduate fellowships and traineeships,
                    inclusive of the NSF Research Traineeships and
                    fellowships awarded under the Graduate Research
                    Fellowship Program; and
                        (C) scholarships, including undergraduate
                    scholarships, research experiences, and internships,
                    including--
                                (i) scholarships to attend community
                            colleges; and
                                (ii) research experiences and internships
                            under sections 513, 514, and 515 of the America
                            COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C.
                            1862p-5; 1862p-6; 1862p-7);
                (2) ensure that not less than 10 percent of the funds made
            available to carry out this section are used to support
            additional awards that focus on community college training,
            education, and teaching programs that increase the
            participation of populations that are underrepresented in STEM,
            including technical programs through programs such as the
            Advanced Technological Education program;
                (3) ensure that not less than 20 percent of the funds made
            available to carry out this section are used to support
            institutions of higher education, and other institutions,
            located in jurisdictions that participate in the program under
            section 113 of the National Science Foundation Authorization
            Act of 1988 (42 U.S.C. 1862g); and
                (4) if funds remain after carrying out paragraphs (1), (2),
            and (3), make awards to institutions of higher education to
            enable the institutions to fund the development and
            establishment of new or specialized programs of study for
            graduate, undergraduate, or technical college students and the
            evaluation of the effectiveness of those programs of study.
        (f) Existing Programs.--The Director may use or augment existing
    STEM education programs of the Foundation and leverage education or
    entrepreneurial partners to carry out this section.

    SEC. 107. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT.

        (a) In General.--From amounts made available for the Directorate,
    the Director shall make awards, on a competitive basis, for research
    and technology development within the key technology focus areas.
        (b) Purpose.--The purpose of the awards under this section shall be
    to demonstrate revolutionary technological advances in the key
    technology focus areas, including advances that expedite short-term
    technology deployment.
        (c) Recipients.--Recipients of funds under this section may include
    institutions of higher education, research institutions, nonprofit
    entities, private sector entities, consortia, or other entities as
    defined by the Director.
        (d) Metrics.--The Director may set metrics, including goals and
    deadlines, for development of such technology as determined in the
    terms of the award, and may use such metrics to determine whether an
    award recipient shall be eligible for continued or follow-on funding.
    The Director shall ensure that the length of the grants for applicants
    seeking to demonstrate revolutionary technological advances to expedite
    short-term technology deployment last no longer than 24 months.
        (e) Selection Criteria.--In selecting recipients for an award under
    this section, the Director shall consider, at a minimum--
                (1) the relevance of the project to the key technology
            focus areas;
                (2) the current status of the technology, the limits of
            current practice, and the likelihood of the private sector to
            independently demonstrate a similar technological advance;
                (3) the potential of the project to generate a
            revolutionary technological advance, including advances that
            can expedite short-term technology deployment;
                (4) the potential impact of the project on the economic
            security, national security, or technological competitiveness
            of the United States;
                (5) the likelihood of the project's success;
                (6) the cost and time associated with the project;
                (7) the appropriateness of quantitative goals and metrics
            for evaluating the project and a plan for evaluating those
            metrics; and
                (8) the path for developing and, as appropriate
            commercializing, the technology.

    SEC. 108. TEST BEDS.

        (a) Program Authorized.--
                (1) In general.--From amounts made available for the
            Directorate, the Director, in coordination with the Director of
            the National Institute of Standards and Technology and other
            Federal agencies, as determined appropriate by the Director,
            shall establish a program in the Directorate to make awards, on
            a competitive basis, to institutions of higher education,
            nonprofit organizations, or consortia (as defined in section
            104(a)(7)(C)) to establish and operate test beds, which may
            include fabrication facilities and cyberinfrastructure, to
            advance the development, operation, integration, deployment,
            and, as appropriate, demonstration of new, innovative
            technologies in the key technology focus areas, which may
            include hardware or software.
                (2) Coordination.--In establishing new test beds under this
            section, the Director shall ensure coordination with other test
            beds supported by the Foundation or other Federal agencies to
            avoid duplication and maximize the use of Federal resources.
        (b) Proposals.--An applicant for an award under this section shall
    submit a proposal to the Director, at such time, in such manner, and
    containing such information as the Director may reasonably require. The
    proposal shall, at a minimum, describe--
                (1)(A) the technology or technologies that will be the
            focus of the test bed; and
                (B) the goals of the work to be done at the test bed;
                (2) how the applicant will assemble a workforce with the
            skills needed to operate the test bed;
                (3) how the applicant will ensure broad access to the test
            bed;
                (4) how the applicant will collaborate with firms in the
            key technology focus areas, including through coordinated
            research and development and funding, to ensure that work in
            the test bed will contribute to the commercial viability of any
            technologies and will include collaboration from industry and
            labor organizations;
                (5) how the applicant will encourage the participation of
            inventors and entrepreneurs and the development of new
            businesses;
                (6) how the applicant will increase participation by
            populations that are underrepresented in STEM;
                (7) how the applicant will demonstrate that the commercial
            viability of any new technologies will support the creation of
            high-quality domestic jobs;
                (8) how the test bed will operate after Federal funding has
            ended;
                (9) how the test bed will disseminate lessons and other
            technical information to United States entities or allied or
            partner country entities in the United States; and
                (10) how the applicant plans to take measures to prevent
            the inappropriate use of research results, data, and
            intellectual property, as applicable and consistent with the
            requirements of the award.
        (c) Authorized Use of Funds.--A recipient of an award under this
    section may, in order to achieve the purposes described in subsection
    (a), use the award for the purchase of equipment and for the support of
    students, faculty and staff, and postdoctoral researchers.
        (d) Priority.--In selecting award recipients under this section,
    the Director shall give priority to applicants with proposals that
    maximize the geographic diversity of test beds.
        (e) Interagency Annual Meetings.--The Director, the Secretary of
    Commerce, and the heads of other Federal departments and agencies, or
    their designees, with test bed related equities shall hold an annual
    meeting to coordinate their respective test bed related investments,
    future plans, and other appropriate matters, to avoid conflicts and
    duplication of efforts. Upon request by Congress, Congress shall be
    briefed on the results of the meetings.

    SEC. 109. ACADEMIC TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER.

        (a) In General.--From amounts made available to the Directorate,
    the Director, in coordination with the Director of the National
    Institute of Standards and Technology and other Federal agencies as
    determined appropriate by the Director, shall make awards, on a
    competitive basis, to eligible entities to advance the development and
    commercialization of technologies, particularly those in the key
    technology focus areas.
        (b) Eligible Entities.--To be eligible to receive an award under
    this section, an entity shall be--
                (1) an institution of higher education, which may be a
            community college;
                (2) a nonprofit entity that is either affiliated with an
            institution of higher education or designed to support
            technology development or entrepreneurship; or
                (3) a consortium that includes--
                        (A) an entity described in paragraph (1) or (2) as
                    the lead award recipient; and
                        (B) one or more additional individuals or entities,
                    which shall be--
                                (i) an economic development organization or
                            similar entity that is focused primarily on
                            improving science, technology, innovation, or
                            entrepreneurship;
                                (ii) an industry organization or firm in a
                            relevant technology or innovation sector;
                                (iii) an industry-experienced executive
                            with entrepreneurship experience that is
                            focused primarily on de-risking technologies
                            from both a scientific and a business
                            perspective; or
                                (iv) an individual or entity with industry-
                            and startup- experienced business expertise,
                            including a mentor network, across relevant
                            technology or innovation sectors.
        (c) Proposals.--An eligible entity desiring an award under this
    section shall submit a proposal to the Director at such time, in such
    manner, and containing such information as the Director may require.
    The proposal shall include, at a minimum, a description of--
                (1) the steps the applicant will take to enable technology
            transfer and to reduce the risks for commercialization for new
            technologies and why such steps are likely to be effective;
                (2) how the applicant will encourage the training and
            participation of students and potential entrepreneurs and the
            transition of research results to practice, including the
            development of new businesses;
                (3) as relevant, potential steps to drive economic growth
            in a particular region, by collaborating with industry, venture
            capital entities, nonprofit entities, and State and local
            governments within that region; and
                (4) background information that the Director determines is
            relevant to demonstrate the success of the innovation and
            entrepreneurship support models proposed by the applicant to
            commercialize technologies.
        (d) Academic Technology Transfer Enhancement Program.--
                (1) In general.--The Director, in coordination with the
            Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology,
            shall make awards, on a competitive basis, to support eligible
            entities in building sustainable technology transfer capacity.
                (2) Use of funds.--An eligible entity that receives an
            award under this subsection shall use award funds to carry out
            one or more of the following:
                        (A) Identifying academic research with the
                    potential for technology transfer and
                    commercialization, particularly as relevant to the key
                    technology focus areas.
                        (B) Providing training and support to scientists,
                    engineers, and inventors on technology transfer,
                    commercialization, and research protection.
                        (C) Offsetting the costs of patenting and licensing
                    research products, both domestically and
                    internationally.
                        (D) Revising institution policies, including
                    policies related to intellectual property and faculty
                    entrepreneurship, and taking other necessary steps to
                    implement relevant best practices for academic
                    technology transfer.
                        (E) Ensuring the availability of staff, including
                    technology transfer professionals, entrepreneurs in
                    residence, and other mentors as required to accomplish
                    the purpose of this subsection.
                        (F) Identifying and facilitating relationships
                    among local and national business leaders, including
                    investors, and potential entrepreneurs to encourage
                    successful commercialization.
                        (G) Creating and funding competitions to allow
                    entrepreneurial ideas to illustrate their
                    commercialization potential, including through venture
                    funds of institutions of higher education.
                        (H) Creating or supporting entities that could
                    enable researchers to further develop new technology,
                    through capital investment, advice, staff support, or
                    other means.
                        (I) Building technology transfer capacity at
                    institutions of higher education.
                (3) Limitations on funding.--In awarding funding under this
            subsection, the Director shall--
                        (A) award not more than $1,000,000 per fiscal year
                    to an eligible entity;
                        (B) in determining the duration of funding,
                    endeavor to ensure the creation of sustainable
                    technology transfer practices at the eligible entity;
                    and
                        (C) ensure that grants under this subsection shall
                    not support the development or operation of capital
                    investment funds.
        (e) Collaborative Innovation Resource Center Program.--
                (1) In general.--The Director shall make awards under this
            subsection to eligible entities to establish collaborative
            innovation resource centers that promote regional technology
            transfer and technology development activities available to
            more than one institution of higher education and to other
            entities in a region.
                (2) Collaboration priority.--In making awards under this
            subsection, the Director shall give priority to eligible
            entities that are consortia described in subsection (b)(3) and
            that have a cost share, which may include an in-kind cost
            share, from members of a consortium, at levels as required by
            the Director.
                (3) Use of funds.--An eligible entity that receives an
            award under this subsection shall use award funds to carry out
            one or more of the following activities, to the benefit of the
            region in which the center is located:
                        (A) Providing start-ups and small business concerns
                    (as defined in section 3 of the Small Business Act (15
                    U.S.C. 632)) within the region with access to
                    facilities, scientific infrastructure, personnel, and
                    other assets as required for technology maturation.
                        (B) Supporting entrepreneurial training for start-
                    up and small business personnel.
                        (C) Providing engineering and entrepreneurial
                    experiences and hands-on training for students enrolled
                    in participating institutions of higher education.
        (f) Reporting on Commercialization Based on Metrics.--The Director
    shall establish--
                (1) metrics related to commercialization for an award under
            this section; and
                (2) a reporting schedule for recipients of such awards that
            takes into account both short- and long-term goals of the
            programs under this section.
        (g) Geographic Diversity.--The Director shall ensure regional and
    geographic diversity in issuing awards under this section.
        (h) Supplement Not Supplant.--The Director shall ensure that funds
    made available under this section shall be used to create additional
    support for technology transfer activities at eligible entities. For
    the duration of the awards, recipients shall be required to maintain
    funding for such activities at similar levels as the funding for those
    activities for the 2 fiscal years preceding the award.

    SEC. 110. CAPACITY-BUILDING PROGRAM FOR DEVELOPING UNIVERSITIES.

        (a) In General.--The Director shall establish a program in the
    Directorate to make awards, on a competitive basis, to eligible
    institutions described in subsection (b) to support the mission of the
    Directorate and to build institutional research capacity at eligible
    institutions.
        (b) Eligible Institution.--
                (1) In general.--To be eligible to receive an award under
            this section, an institution--
                        (A) shall be--
                                (i) a historically Black college or
                            university;
                                (ii) a minority-serving institution; or
                                (iii) an institution of higher education
                            with an established STEM capacity building
                            program focused on traditionally
                            underrepresented populations in STEM, including
                            Native Hawaiians, Alaska Natives, and other
                            Indians; and
                        (B) shall have not more than $50,000,000 in annual
                    federally-financed research and development
                    expenditures for science and engineering as reported
                    through the National Science Foundation Higher
                    Education Research and Development Survey.
                (2) Partnerships.--An eligible institution receiving a
            grant under this section may carry out the activities of the
            grant through a partnership with other entities, including
            other eligible institutions.
        (c) Proposals.--To receive an award under this section, an eligible
    institution shall submit an application to the Director at such time,
    in such manner, and containing such information as the Director may
    require, including a plan that describes how the eligible institution
    will establish or expand research office capacity and how such award
    would be used to--
                (1) conduct an assessment of capacity-building and research
            infrastructure needs of an eligible institution;
                (2) enhance institutional resources to provide
            administrative research development support to faculty at an
            eligible institution;
                (3) bolster the institutional research competitiveness of
            an eligible institution to support grants awarded by the
            Directorate;
                (4) support the acquisition of instrumentation necessary to
            build research capacity at an eligible institution in research
            areas directly associated with the Directorate;
                (5) increase capability of an eligible institution to move
            technology into the marketplace;
                (6) increase engagement with industry to execute research
            through the SBIR and STTR programs (as defined in section 9(e)
            of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 638(e)) and direct
            contracts at an eligible institution;
                (7) provide student engagement and research training
            opportunities at the undergraduate, graduate, and postdoctoral
            levels at an eligible institution;
                (8) further faculty development initiatives and strengthen
            institutional research training infrastructure, capacity, and
            competitiveness of an eligible institution; or
                (9) address plans and prospects for long-term
            sustainability of institutional enhancements at an eligible
            institution resulting from the award including, if applicable,
            how the award may be leveraged by an eligible institution to
            build a broader base of support.
        (d) Awards.--Awards made under this section shall be for periods of
    3 years, and may be extended for periods of not more than 5 years.
        (e) Funding.--From the amounts made available to carry out section
    104 under section 116 for each of fiscal years 2022 through 2026, the
    Director shall use $150,000,000 for each such fiscal year to carry out
    this section.

    SEC. 111. TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE.

        The Director may--
                (1) coordinate with other Federal agencies to establish
            interagency and multidisciplinary teams to provide technical
            assistance to recipients of, and prospective applicants for,
            awards under this title;
                (2) by Federal interagency agreement and notwithstanding
            any other provision of law, transfer funds available to carry
            out this title to the head of another Federal agency to
            facilitate and support the provision of such technical
            assistance; and
                (3) enter into contracts with third parties to provide such
            technical assistance.

    SEC. 112. COORDINATION OF ACTIVITIES.

        (a) In General.--In carrying out the activities of the Directorate,
    the Director and the heads of other Federal research agencies, as
    appropriate, shall work cooperatively to further the goals of this
    title in the key technology focus areas.
        (b) Coordination With NIST and Department of Energy.--The Director
    shall, as appropriate, work in coordination with the Director of the
    National Institute of Standards and Technology and the Secretary of
    Energy.
        (c) Avoid Duplication.--The Director shall ensure, to the greatest
    extent appropriate, that activities carried out by the Directorate are
    not duplicative of activities supported by other parts of the
    Foundation or other relevant Federal agencies. In carrying out the
    activities prescribed by this Act, the Director and heads of other
    Federal research agencies shall cooperate to avoid duplication of
    effort and to ensure the responsible stewardship of funds.
        (d) Comptroller General Report.--Not later than 3 years after the
    date of enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of the United
    States shall prepare and submit a report to Congress, and shall
    simultaneously submit the report to the Director and the Director of
    the Office of Science and Technology Policy, describing the interagency
    cooperation that occurred during the preceding years pursuant to this
    section, including a list of--
                (1) any funds provided from the Directorate to other
            directorates and offices of the Foundation; and
                (2) any instances in which unnecessary duplication of
            effort may have occurred.

    SEC. 113. REPORTING REQUIREMENTS.

        (a) Reports.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of
    this Act and annually thereafter, the Director, in coordination with
    the heads of relevant Federal agencies, shall prepare and submit to
    Congress--
                (1) a strategic vision and spending plan for the next 5
            years for the Directorate, including a description of how the
            Foundation will increase funding for research and education for
            populations underrepresented in STEM and geographic areas;
                (2) in coordination with the Secretary of State, a
            description of any funds the Foundation may plan to receive
            from--
                        (A) entities other than institutions of higher
                    education; and
                        (B) certain designated countries; and
                (3) a description of the planned activities of the
            Directorate to secure federally funded science and technology
            pursuant to section 1746 of the National Defense Authorization
            Act for Fiscal Year 2020 (Public Law 116-92; 42 U.S.C. 6601
            note) and section 223 of William M. (Mac) Thornberry National
            Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public Law 116-
            283) and the requirements under title III.
        (b) Annual Briefing.--Each year, the Director shall formally
    request a briefing from the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of
    Commerce, the Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, the
    Director of National Intelligence, and as appropriate the heads of
    other Federal agencies regarding their efforts to preserve the United
    States' advantages generated by the activity of the Directorate.
        (c) Providing Authority To Disseminate Information.--Section 11 of
    the National Science Foundation Act of 1950 (42 U.S.C. 1870) is
    amended--
                (1) in subsection (j), by striking ``and'' after the
            semicolon;
                (2) in subsection (k), by striking the period at the end
            and inserting ``; and''; and
                (3) by adding at the end the following:
                ``(l) to provide for the widest practicable and appropriate
            dissemination of information within the United States
            concerning the Foundation's activities and the results of those
            activities.''.

    SEC. 114. HANDS-ON LEARNING PROGRAM.

        (a) Findings.--Congress finds the following:
                (1) Developing a robust, talented, and homegrown workforce,
            particularly in the fields of STEM, is critical to the success
            of the United States innovation economy.
                (2) The United States educational system is not producing a
            sufficient number of workers with the necessary STEM expertise
            to meet the needs of the United States industry in STEM fields.
                (3) Hands-on and experiential learning opportunities
            outside of the classroom are critical for student success in
            STEM subjects and careers, stimulating students' interest,
            increasing confidence, and creating motivation to pursue a
            related career.
                (4) Hands-on and experiential learning opportunities can be
            particularly successful in inspiring interest in students who
            traditionally have been underrepresented in STEM fields,
            including girls, students of color, and students from
            disadvantaged backgrounds.
                (5) An expansion of hands-on and experiential learning
            programs across the United States would expand the STEM
            workforce pipeline, developing and training students for
            careers in STEM fields.
        (b) Definitions.--
                (1) ESEA terms.--The terms ``elementary school'', ``high
            school'', ``secondary school'', and ``State'' have the meanings
            given the terms in section 8101 of the Elementary and Secondary
            Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7801).
                (2) Eligible nonprofit program.--The term ``eligible
            nonprofit program''--
                        (A) means a nonprofit program serving
                    prekindergarten, elementary school, or secondary school
                    students; and
                        (B) includes a program described in subparagraph
                    (A) that covers the continuum of education from
                    prekindergarten through high school and is available in
                    every State.
        (c) Purposes.--The purposes of this section are to--
                (1) provide effective, compelling, and engaging means for
            teaching and reinforcing fundamental STEM concepts and
            inspiring the youth of the United States to pursue careers in
            STEM-related fields;
                (2) expand the STEM workforce pipeline by developing and
            training students for careers in United States STEM fields; and
                (3) broaden participation in the STEM workforce by
            underrepresented population groups.
        (d) Program Authorized.--
                (1) In general.--Subject to the availability of
            appropriations for such purposes, the Director shall--
                        (A) provide grants to eligible nonprofit programs
                    for supporting hands-on learning opportunities in STEM
                    education, including via after-school activities and
                    innovative learning opportunities such as robotics
                    competitions; and
                        (B) evaluate the impact of such hands-on learning
                    opportunities on STEM learning and disseminate the
                    results of that evaluation.
                (2) Priority.--In awarding grants under the program, the
            Director shall give priority to eligible nonprofit programs
            serving students that attend elementary, secondary, or high
            schools that--
                        (A) are implementing comprehensive support and
                    improvement activities or targeted support and
                    improvement activities under paragraph (1) or (2) of
                    section 1111(d) of the Elementary and Secondary
                    Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 6311(d)); or
                        (B) serve high percentages of students who are
                    eligible for a free or reduced price lunch under the
                    Richard B. Russell National School Lunch Act (42 U.S.C.
                    1751 et seq.) (which, in the case of a high school, may
                    be calculated using comparable data from the schools
                    that feed into the high school).
        (e) Authorization of Appropriations.--From the amounts made
    available to carry out section 106 under section 116 for each of fiscal
    years 2022 through 2026, the Director shall use $25,000,000 for each
    such fiscal year to carry out this section.

    SEC. 115. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY PROTECTION.

        Consistent with the requirements for the award, all intellectual
    property that is developed through the Foundation, or any program that
    has received funding through this Act (or an amendment made by this
    Act), shall not be transferred to--
                (1) any foreign entity of concern, as defined in section
            307(a);
                (2) any United States subsidiary, division, or chapter of
            such a foreign entity of concern; or
                (3) any for-profit, or nonprofit, partnership that includes
            such a foreign entity of concern in the partnership.

    SEC. 116. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS FOR THE FOUNDATION.

        (a) Fiscal Year 2022.--
                (1) Foundation.--There is authorized to be appropriated to
            the Foundation $10,800,000,000 for fiscal year 2022.
                (2) Specific nsf allocations.--Of the amount authorized
            under paragraph (1)--
                        (A) $9,000,000,000 shall be made available to carry
                    out the activities of the Foundation outside of the
                    Directorate, of which $800,000,000 shall be for STEM
                    education and related activities, including workforce
                    activities under section 202; and
                        (B) $1,800,000,000 shall be made available to the
                    Directorate, of which--
                                (i) $594,000,000 shall be for the
                            innovation centers under section 104;
                                (ii) $324,000,000 shall be for
                            scholarships, fellowships, and other activities
                            under section 106;
                                (iii) $252,000,000 shall be for academic
                            technology transfer under section 109;
                                (iv) $180,000,000 shall be for test beds
                            under section 108;
                                (v) $270,000,000 shall be for research and
                            development activities under section 107; and
                                (vi) an amount equal to 10 percent of the
                            total made available to the Directorate under
                            this subparagraph shall be transferred to the
                            Foundation for collaboration with directorates
                            and offices of the Foundation outside of the
                            Directorate as described under section
                            102(c)(7).
        (b) Fiscal Year 2023.--
                (1) Foundation.--There is authorized to be appropriated to
            the Foundation $12,800,000,000 for fiscal year 2023.
                (2) Specific nsf allocations.--Of the amount authorized
            under paragraph (1)--
                        (A) $9,600,000,000 shall be made available to carry
                    out the activities of the Foundation outside of the
                    Directorate, of which $1,190,000,000 shall be for STEM
                    education and related activities, including workforce
                    activities under section 202; and
                        (B) $3,200,000,000 shall be made available to the
                    Directorate, of which--
                                (i) $1,056,000,000 shall be for the
                            innovation centers under section 104;
                                (ii) $576,000,000 shall be for
                            scholarships, fellowships, and other activities
                            under section 106;
                                (iii) $448,000,000 shall be for academic
                            technology transfer under section 109;
                                (iv) $320,000,000 shall be for test beds
                            under section 108;
                                (v) $480,000,000 shall be for research and
                            development activities under section 107; and
                                (vi) an amount equal to 10 percent of the
                            total made available to the Directorate under
                            this subparagraph shall be transferred to the
                            Foundation for collaboration with directorates
                            and offices of the Foundation outside of the
                            Directorate as described under section
                            102(c)(7).
        (c) Fiscal Year 2024.--
                (1) Foundation.--There is authorized to be appropriated to
            the Foundation $16,600,000,000 for fiscal year 2024.
                (2) Specific nsf allocations.--Of the amount authorized
            under paragraph (1)--
                        (A) $10,300,000,000 shall be made available to
                    carry out the activities of the Foundation outside of
                    the Directorate, of which $1,600,000,000 shall be for
                    STEM education and related activities, including
                    workforce activities under section 202; and
                        (B) $6,300,000,000 shall be made available to the
                    Directorate, of which--
                                (i) $2,079,000,000 shall be for the
                            innovation centers under section 104;
                                (ii) $1,134,000,000 shall be for
                            scholarships, fellowships, and other activities
                            under section 106;
                                (iii) $882,000,000 shall be for academic
                            technology transfer under section 109;
                                (iv) $630,000,000 shall be for test beds
                            under section 108;
                                (v) $945,000,000 shall be for research and
                            development activities under section 107; and
                                (vi) an amount equal to 10 percent of the
                            total made available to the Directorate under
                            this subparagraph shall be transferred to the
                            Foundation for collaboration with directorates
                            and offices of the Foundation outside of the
                            Directorate as described under section
                            102(c)(7).
        (d) Fiscal Year 2025.--
                (1) Foundation.--There is authorized to be appropriated to
            the Foundation $19,500,000,000 for fiscal year 2025.
                (2) Specific nsf allocations.--Of the amount authorized
            under paragraph (1)--
                        (A) $11,100,000,000 shall be made available to
                    carry out the activities of the Foundation outside of
                    the Directorate, of which $2,100,000,000 shall be for
                    STEM education and related activities, including
                    workforce activities under section 202; and
                        (B) $8,400,000,000 shall be made available to the
                    Directorate, of which--
                                (i) $2,772,000,000 shall be for the
                            innovation centers under section 104;
                                (ii) $1,512,000,000 shall be for
                            scholarships, fellowships, and other activities
                            under section 106;
                                (iii) $1,176,000,000 shall be for academic
                            technology transfer under section 109;
                                (iv) $840,000,000 shall be for test beds
                            under section 108;
                                (v) $1,260,000,000 shall be for research
                            and development activities under section 107;
                            and
                                (vi) an amount equal to 10 percent of the
                            total made available to the Directorate under
                            this subparagraph shall be transferred to the
                            Foundation for collaboration with directorates
                            and offices of the Foundation outside of the
                            Directorate as described under section
                            102(c)(7).
        (e) Fiscal Year 2026.--
                (1) Foundation.--There is authorized to be appropriated to
            the Foundation $21,300,000,000 for fiscal year 2026.
                (2) Specific nsf allocations.--Of the amount authorized
            under paragraph (1)--
                        (A) $12,000,000,000 shall be made available to
                    carry out the activities of the Foundation outside of
                    the Directorate, of which $2,540,000,000 shall be for
                    STEM education and related activities, including
                    workforce activities under section 202; and
                        (B) $9,300,000,000 shall be made available to the
                    Directorate, of which--
                                (i) $3,069,000,000 shall be for the
                            innovation centers under section 104;
                                (ii) $1,674,000,000 shall be for
                            scholarships, fellowships, and other activities
                            under section 106;
                                (iii) $1,302,000,000 shall be for academic
                            technology transfer under section 109;
                                (iv) $930,000,000 shall be for test beds
                            under section 108;
                                (v) $1,395,000,000 shall be for research
                            and development activities under section 107;
                            and
                                (vi) an amount equal to 10 percent of the
                            total made available to the Directorate under
                            this subparagraph shall be transferred to the
                            Foundation for collaboration with directorates
                            and offices of the Foundation outside of the
                            Directorate as described under section
                            102(c)(7).
        (f) Allocation and Limitations.--
                (1) Allocation for the office of inspector general.--From
            any amounts appropriated for the Foundation for a fiscal year,
            the Director shall allocate for necessary expenses of the
            Office of Inspector General of the Foundation an amount of not
            less than $33,000,000 in any fiscal year for oversight of the
            programs and activities funded under this section in accordance
            with the Inspector General Act of 1978 (5 U.S.C. App.).
                (2) Supplement and not supplant.--The amounts authorized to
            be appropriated under this section shall supplement, and not
            supplant, any other amounts previously appropriated to the
            Office of the Inspector General of the Foundation.
                (3) No new awards.--The Director shall not make any new
            awards for the activities under the Directorate for any fiscal
            year in which the total amount appropriated to the Foundation
            (not including amounts appropriated for the Directorate) is
            less than the total amount appropriated to the Foundation (not
            including such amounts), adjusted by the rate of inflation, for
            the previous fiscal year.
                (4) No funds for construction.--No funds provided to the
            Directorate under this section shall be used for construction.

    SEC. 117. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS FOR THE DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY.

        (a) Authorization of Appropriations.--
                (1) Fiscal year 2022.--There is authorized to be
            appropriated to the Department of Energy $1,000,000,000 for
            fiscal year 2022 to carry out research and development in the
            key technology focus areas.
                (2) Fiscal year 2023.--There is authorized to be
            appropriated to the Department of Energy $1,800,000,000 for
            fiscal year 2023 to carry out research and development in the
            key technology focus areas.
                (3) Fiscal year 2024.--There is authorized to be
            appropriated to the Department of Energy $3,700,000,000 for
            fiscal year 2024 to carry out research and development in the
            key technology focus areas.
                (4) Fiscal year 2025.--There is authorized to be
            appropriated to the Department of Energy $4,900,000,000 for
            fiscal year 2025 to carry out research and development in the
            key technology focus areas.
                (5) Fiscal year 2026.--There is authorized to be
            appropriated to the Department of Energy $5,500,000,000 for
            fiscal year 2026 to carry out research and development in the
            key technology focus areas.
        (b) Supplement and Not Supplant.--The amounts authorized to be
    appropriated under this section shall supplement, and not supplant, any
    other amounts previously authorized to be appropriated to the
    Department of Energy.
        (c) No Funds for Construction.--No funds provided to the Department
    of Energy under this section shall be used for construction.

       TITLE II--NSF RESEARCH, STEM, AND GEOGRAPHIC DIVERSITY INITIATIVES

    SEC. 201. CHIEF DIVERSITY OFFICER OF THE NSF.

        (a) Chief Diversity Officer.--
                (1) Appointment.--The President shall appoint, by and with
            the consent of the Senate, a Chief Diversity Officer of the
            Foundation.
                (2) Qualifications.--The Chief Diversity Officer shall have
            significant experience, within the Federal Government and the
            science community, with diversity- and inclusion-related
            matters, including--
                        (A) civil rights compliance;
                        (B) harassment policy, reviews, and investigations;
                        (C) equal employment opportunity; and
                        (D) disability policy.
                (3) Oversight.--The Chief Diversity Officer shall direct
            the Office of Diversity and Inclusion of the Foundation and
            report directly to the Director in the performance of the
            duties of the Chief Diversity Officer under this section.
        (b) Duties.--The Chief Diversity Officer is responsible for
    providing advice on policy, oversight, guidance, and coordination with
    respect to matters of the Foundation related to diversity and
    inclusion, including ensuring the geographic diversity of the
    Foundation programs. Other duties may include--
                (1) establishing and maintaining a strategic plan that
            publicly states a diversity definition, vision, and goals for
            the Foundation;
                (2) defining a set of strategic metrics that are--
                        (A) directly linked to key organizational
                    priorities and goals;
                        (B) actionable; and
                        (C) actively used to implement the strategic plan
                    under paragraph (1);
                (3) advising in the establishment of a strategic plan for
            diverse participation by individuals and institutions of higher
            education, including community colleges, historically Black
            colleges and universities, Tribal colleges or universities,
            minority-serving institutions, institutions of higher education
            with an established STEM capacity building program focused on
            traditionally underrepresented populations in STEM, including
            Native Hawaiians, Alaska Natives, and other Indians, and
            institutions from jurisdictions eligible to participate under
            section 113 of the National Science Foundation Authorization
            Act of 1988 (42 U.S.C. 1862g);
                (4) advising in the establishment of a strategic plan for
            outreach to, and recruiting from, untapped locations and
            underrepresented populations;
                (5) advising on the application of the Foundation's broader
            impacts review criterion; and
                (6) performing such additional duties and exercise such
            powers as the Director may prescribe.
        (c) Funding.--From any amounts appropriated for the Foundation for
    each of fiscal years 2022 through 2026, the Director shall allocate
    $5,000,000 to carry out this section for each such year.

    SEC. 202. PROGRAMS TO ADDRESS THE STEM WORKFORCE.

        (a) In General.--The Director shall issue undergraduate
    scholarships, including at community colleges, graduate fellowships and
    traineeships, postdoctoral awards, and, as appropriate, other awards.
        (b) Implementation.--The Director may carry out subsection (a) by
    making awards--
                (1) directly to students; or
                (2) to institutions of higher education or consortia of
            institutions of higher education, including those institutions
            or consortia involved in operating university technology
            centers established under section 104(a).
        (c) Broadening Participation.--In carrying out this section, the
    Director shall take steps to increase the participation of populations
    that are underrepresented in STEM, which may include--
                (1) establishing or augmenting programs targeted at
            populations that are underrepresented in STEM;
                (2) supporting traineeships or other relevant programs at
            minority-serving institutions (or institutions of higher
            education with an established STEM capacity building program
            focused on traditionally underrepresented populations in STEM,
            including Native Hawaiians, Alaska Natives, and other Indians);
                (3) addressing current and expected gaps in the
            availability and skills of the STEM workforce, or addressing
            the needs of the STEM workforce, including by prioritizing
            awards to United States citizens, permanent residents, and
            individuals that will grow the domestic workforce;
                (4) addressing geographic diversity in the STEM workforce;
            and
                (5) awarding grants to institutions of higher education to
            address STEM workforce gaps, including for programs that
            recruit, retain, and progress students to a bachelor's degree
            in a STEM discipline concurrent with a secondary school
            diploma, such as through existing and new partnerships with
            State educational agencies.
        (d) Innovation.--
                (1) Graduate education.--In carrying out this section, the
            Director shall encourage innovation in graduate education, and
            studying the impacts of such innovations, including through
            encouraging institutions of higher education to offer graduate
            students opportunities to gain experience in industry or
            government as part of their graduate training, and through
            support for students in professional masters programs related
            to the key technology focus areas.
                (2) Postdoctoral professional development.--In carrying out
            this section, the Director shall encourage innovation in
            postdoctoral professional development, support the development
            and diversity of the STEM workforce, and study the impacts of
            such innovation and support. To do so, the Director may use
            postdoctoral awards established under subsection (a) or
            leveraged under subsection (e)(1) for fellowships or other
            temporary rotational postings of not more than 2 years. Such
            fellowships or temporary rotational postings shall be awarded--
                        (A) to qualified individuals who have a doctoral
                    degree and received such degree not earlier than 5
                    years before the date that the fellowship or temporary
                    rotational posting begins; and
                        (B) to carry out research in the key technology
                    focus areas at Federal, State, local, and Tribal
                    government research facilities.
                (3) Direct hire authority.--
                        (A) In general.--During fiscal year 2021 and any
                    fiscal year thereafter, the head of any Federal agency
                    may appoint, without regard to the provisions of
                    subchapter I of chapter 33 of title 5, United States
                    Code, other than sections 3303 and 3328 of that title,
                    a qualified candidate described in subparagraph (B)
                    directly to a position in the competitive service with
                    the Federal agency for which the candidate meets Office
                    of Personnel Management qualification standards.
                        (B) Fellowship or temporary rotational posting.--
                    Subparagraph (A) applies with respect to a former
                    recipient of an award under this subsection who--
                                (i) earned a doctoral degree in a STEM
                            field from an institution of higher education;
                            and
                                (ii) successfully fulfilled the
                            requirements of the fellowship or temporary
                            rotational posting within a Federal agency.
                        (C) Limitation.--The direct hire authority under
                    this paragraph shall be exercised with respect to a
                    specific qualified candidate not later than 2 years
                    after the date that the candidate completed the
                    requirements related to the fellowship or temporary
                    rotational posting described under this subsection.
        (e) Existing Programs.--In carrying out this section, the Director
    may leverage existing programs, including programs that issue--
                (1) postdoctoral awards;
                (2) graduate fellowships and traineeships, inclusive of the
            NSF Research Traineeships and fellowships awarded under the
            Graduate Research Fellowship Program; and
                (3) scholarships, research experiences, and internships,
            including--
                        (A) scholarships to attend community colleges; and
                        (B) research experiences and internships under
                    sections 513, 514, and 515 of the America COMPETES
                    Reauthorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 1862p-5; 1862p-
                    6; 42 U.S.C. 1862p-7); and
                (4) awards to institutions of higher education to enable
            the institutions to fund innovation in undergraduate and
            graduate education, increased educational capacity, and the
            development and establishment of new or specialized programs of
            study for graduate, undergraduate, or technical college
            students, and the evaluation of the effectiveness of the
            programs of study.
        (f) Set Aside.--The Director shall ensure that not less than 20
    percent of the funds available to carry out this section shall be used
    to support institutions of higher education, and other institutions,
    located in jurisdictions that participate in the program under section
    113 of the National Science Foundation Authorization Act of 1988 (42
    U.S.C. 1862g).

    SEC. 203. EMERGING RESEARCH INSTITUTION PILOT PROGRAM.

        (a) In General.--The Director shall establish a 5-year pilot
    program for awarding grants to eligible partnerships, led by 1 or more
    emerging research institutions, to build research and education
    capacity at emerging research institutions to enable such institutions
    to contribute to programs run by the Directorate.
        (b) Applications.--An eligible partnership seeking a grant under
    this section shall submit an application to the Director at such time,
    in such manner, and containing such information as the Director may
    reasonably require, including a statement of how the partnership will
    use the funds awarded through the grant to achieve a lasting,
    sustainable increase in the research and education capacity of each
    emerging research institution included in the eligible partnership.
        (c) Activities.--An eligible partnership receiving a grant under
    this section may use the funds awarded through such grant for
    increasing research, education, and innovation capacity, including
    for--
                (1) faculty training and resources, including joint
            resources;
                (2) research experiences for undergraduate and graduate
            students; and
                (3) maintenance and repair of research equipment and
            instrumentation.
        (d) Definition of Eligible Partnership.--In this section, the term
    ``eligible partnership'' means a partnership of--
                (1) at least 1 emerging research institution; and
                (2) at least 1 institution that, on average for the 3 years
            prior to an application for an award under this section,
            received more than $100,000,000 in Federal research funding.

    SEC. 204. PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT AUTHORITIES FOR THE FOUNDATION.

        (a) Experts in Science and Engineering.--
                (1) Program authorized.--The Foundation may carry out a
            program of personnel management authority provided under
            paragraph (2) in order to facilitate recruitment of eminent
            experts in science or engineering for research and development
            projects and to enhance the administration and management of
            the Foundation.
                (2) Personnel management authority.--Under the program
            under paragraph (1), the Foundation may--
                        (A) without regard to any provision of title 5,
                    United States Code, governing the appointment of
                    employees in the civil service, appoint individuals to
                    a total of not more than 140 positions in the
                    Foundation, of which not more than 5 such positions may
                    be positions of administration or management of the
                    Foundation;
                        (B) notwithstanding any provision of title 5,
                    United States Code, governing the rates of pay or
                    classification of employees in the executive branch,
                    prescribe the rates of basic pay for positions to which
                    employees are appointed under subparagraph (A)--
                                (i) in the case of employees appointed
                            pursuant to subparagraph (A) to any of 5
                            positions designated by the Foundation for
                            purposes of this clause, at rates not in excess
                            of a rate equal to 150 percent of the maximum
                            rate of basic pay authorized for positions at
                            level I of the Executive Schedule under section
                            5312 of title 5, United States Code; and
                                (ii) in the case of any other employee
                            appointed pursuant to subparagraph (A), at
                            rates not in excess of the maximum rate of
                            basic pay authorized for senior-level positions
                            under section 5376 of title 5, United States
                            Code; and
                        (C) pay any employee appointed under subparagraph
                    (A), other than an employee appointed to a position
                    designated as described in subparagraph (B)(i),
                    payments in addition to basic pay within the limit
                    applicable to the employee under paragraph (4).
                (3) Limitation on term of appointment.--
                        (A) In general.--Except as provided in subparagraph
                    (B), the service of an employee under an appointment
                    under paragraph (2)(A) may not exceed 4 years.
                        (B) Extension.--The Director may, in the case of a
                    particular employee under the program under paragraph
                    (1), extend the period to which service is limited
                    under subparagraph (A) by up to 2 years if the Director
                    determines that such action is necessary to promote the
                    efficiency of the Foundation, as applicable.
                (4) Maximum amount of additional payments payable.--
            Notwithstanding any other provision of this subsection or
            section 5307 of title 5, United States Code, no additional
            payments may be paid to an employee under paragraph (2)(C) in
            any calendar year if, or to the extent that, the employee's
            total annual compensation in such calendar year will exceed the
            maximum amount of total annual compensation payable at the
            salary set in accordance with section 104 of title 3, United
            States Code.
        (b) Highly Qualified Experts in Needed Occupations.--
                (1) In general.--The Foundation may carry out a program
            using the authority provided in paragraph (2) in order to
            attract highly qualified experts in needed occupations, as
            determined by the Foundation. Individuals hired by the Director
            through such authority may include individuals with expertise
            in business creativity, innovation management, design thinking,
            entrepreneurship, venture capital, and related fields.
                (2) Authority.--Under the program, the Foundation may--
                        (A) appoint personnel from outside the civil
                    service and uniformed services (as such terms are
                    defined in section 2101 of title 5, United States Code)
                    to positions in the Foundation without regard to any
                    provision of title 5, United States Code, governing the
                    appointment of employees to positions in the
                    Foundation;
                        (B) prescribe the rates of basic pay for positions
                    to which employees are appointed under subparagraph (A)
                    at rates not in excess of the maximum rate of basic pay
                    authorized for senior-level positions under section
                    5376 of title 5, United States Code, as increased by
                    locality-based comparability payments under section
                    5304 of such title, notwithstanding any provision of
                    such title governing the rates of pay or classification
                    of employees in the executive branch; and
                        (C) pay any employee appointed under subparagraph
                    (A) payments in addition to basic pay within the limits
                    applicable to the employee under paragraph (4).
                (3) Limitation on term of appointment.--
                        (A) In general.--Except as provided in subparagraph
                    (B), the service of an employee under an appointment
                    made pursuant to this subsection may not exceed 5
                    years.
                        (B) Extension.--The Foundation may, in the case of
                    a particular employee, extend the period to which
                    service is limited under subparagraph (A) by up to 1
                    additional year if the Foundation determines that such
                    action is necessary to promote the Foundation's
                    national security missions.
                (4) Limitations on additional payments.--
                        (A) Total amount.--
                                (i) In general.--The total amount of the
                            additional payments paid to an employee under
                            this subsection for any 12-month period may not
                            exceed the lesser of the following amounts:
                                        (I) $50,000 in fiscal year 2021,
                                    which may be adjusted annually
                                    thereafter by the Foundation, with a
                                    percentage increase equal to one-half
                                    of 1 percentage point less than the
                                    percentage by which the Employment Cost
                                    Index, published quarterly by the
                                    Bureau of Labor Statistics, for the
                                    base quarter of the year before the
                                    preceding calendar year exceeds the
                                    Employment Cost Index for the base
                                    quarter of the second year before the
                                    preceding calendar year.
                                        (II) The amount equal to 50 percent
                                    of the employee's annual rate of basic
                                    pay.
                                (ii) Definition of base quarter.-- For
                            purposes of this subparagraph, the term ``base
                            quarter'' has the meaning given such term by
                            section 5302(3) of title 5, United States Code.
                        (B) Eligibility for payments.--An employee
                    appointed under this subsection is not eligible for any
                    bonus, monetary award, or other monetary incentive for
                    service, except for payments authorized under this
                    subsection.
                        (C) Additional limitation.--Notwithstanding any
                    other provision of this paragraph or of section 5307 of
                    title 5, United States Code, no additional payments may
                    be paid to an employee under this subsection in any
                    calendar year if, or to the extent that, the employee's
                    total annual compensation will exceed the maximum
                    amount of total annual compensation payable at the
                    salary set in accordance with section 104 of title 3,
                    United States Code.
                (5) Limitation on number of highly qualified experts.--The
            number of highly qualified experts appointed and retained by
            the Foundation under paragraph (2)(A) shall not exceed 140 at
            any time.
                (6) Savings provisions.--In the event that the Foundation
            terminates the program under this subsection, in the case of an
            employee who, on the day before the termination of the program,
            is serving in a position pursuant to an appointment under this
            subsection--
                        (A) the termination of the program does not
                    terminate the employee's employment in that position
                    before the expiration of the lesser of--
                                (i) the period for which the employee was
                            appointed; or
                                (ii) the period to which the employee's
                            service is limited under paragraph (3),
                            including any extension made under this
                            subsection before the termination of the
                            program; and
                        (B) the rate of basic pay prescribed for the
                    position under this subsection may not be reduced as
                    long as the employee continues to serve in the position
                    without a break in service.
        (c) Additional Hiring Authority.--To the extent needed to carry out
    the duties under subsection (a)(1), the Director is authorized to
    utilize hiring authorities under section 3372 of title 5, United States
    Code, to staff the Foundation with employees from other Federal
    agencies, State and local governments, Indian Tribes and Tribal
    organizations, institutions of higher education, and other
    organizations, as described in that section, in the same manner and
    subject to the same conditions, that apply to such individuals utilized
    to accomplish other missions of the Foundation.
        (d) National Academy of Public Administration.--
                (1) Study.--Not later than 30 days after the date of
            enactment of this Act, the Director shall contract with the
            National Academy of Public Administration to conduct a study on
            the organizational and management structure of the Foundation,
            to--
                        (A) evaluate and make recommendations to
                    efficiently and effectively implement the Directorate
                    for Technology and Innovation;
                        (B) evaluate and make recommendations to ensure
                    coordination of the Directorate for Technology and
                    Innovation with other directorates and offices of the
                    Foundation and other Federal agencies; and
                        (C) make recommendations for the management of the
                    Foundation's business and personnel practices,
                    including implementation of the new hiring authorities
                    and program director authorities provided in this
                    section and section 103.
                (2) Review.--Upon completion of the study under paragraph
            (1), the Foundation shall review the recommendations from the
            National Academy of Public Administration and provide a
            briefing to Congress on the plans of the Foundation to
            implement any such recommendations.

    SEC. 205. ADVANCED TECHNOLOGICAL MANUFACTURING ACT.

        (a) Findings and Purpose.--Section 2 of the Scientific and
    Advanced-Technology Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 1862h) is amended--
                (1) in subsection (a)--
                        (A) in paragraph (3), by striking ``science,
                    mathematics, and technology'' and inserting ``science,
                    technology, engineering, and mathematics or STEM'';
                        (B) in paragraph (4), by inserting ``educated'' and
                    before ``trained''; and
                        (C) in paragraph (5), by striking ``scientific and
                    technical education and training'' and inserting ``STEM
                    education and training''; and
                (2) in subsection (b)--
                        (A) in paragraph (2), by striking ``mathematics and
                    science'' and inserting ``STEM fields''; and
                        (B) in paragraph (4), by striking ``mathematics and
                    science instruction'' and inserting ``STEM
                    instruction''.
        (b) Modernizing References to STEM.--Section 3 of the Scientific
    and Advanced-Technology Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 1862i) is amended--
                (1) in the section heading, by striking ``scientific and
            technical education '' and inserting ``stem education'';
                (2) in subsection (a)--
                        (A) in the subsection heading, by striking
                    ``Scientific and Technical Education '' and inserting
                    ``STEM Education'';
                        (B) in the matter preceding paragraph (1)--
                                (i) by inserting ``and education to prepare
                            the skilled technical workforce to meet
                            workforce demands'' before ``, and to
                            improve'';
                                (ii) by striking ``core education courses
                            in science and mathematics'' and inserting
                            ``core education courses in STEM fields'';
                                (iii) by inserting ``veterans and
                            individuals engaged in'' before ``work in the
                            home''; and
                                (iv) by inserting ``and on building a
                            pathway from secondary schools, to associate-
                            degree-granting institutions, to careers that
                            require technical training'' before ``, and
                            shall be designed'';
                        (C) in paragraph (1)--
                                (i) by inserting ``and study'' after
                            ``development''; and
                                (ii) by striking ``core science and
                            mathematics courses'' and inserting ``core STEM
                            courses'';
                        (D) in paragraph (2), by striking ``science,
                    mathematics, and advanced-technology fields'' and
                    inserting ``STEM and advanced-technology fields'';
                        (E) in paragraph (3)(A), by inserting ``to support
                    the advanced-technology industries that drive the
                    competitiveness of the United States in the global
                    economy'' before the semicolon at the end;
                        (F) in paragraph (4), by striking ``scientific and
                    advanced-technology fields'' and inserting ``STEM and
                    advanced-technology fields''; and
                        (G) in paragraph (5), by striking ``advanced
                    scientific and technical education'' and inserting
                    ``advanced STEM and advanced-technology'';
                (3) in subsection (b)--
                        (A) by striking the subsection heading and
                    inserting the following: ``Centers of Scientific and
                    Technical Education.--'';
                        (B) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by
                    striking ``not to exceed 12 in number'' and inserting
                    ``in advanced-technology fields'';
                        (C) in paragraph (2), by striking ``education in
                    mathematics and science'' and inserting ``STEM
                    education''; and
                        (D) in the flush matter following paragraph (2), by
                    striking ``in the geographic region served by the
                    center'';
                (4) in subsection (c)--
                        (A) in paragraph (1)--
                                (i) in subparagraph (A)--
                                        (I) in the matter preceding clause
                                    (i), by striking ``to encourage'' and
                                    all that follows through ``such means
                                    as--'' and inserting ``to encourage the
                                    development of career and educational
                                    pathways with multiple entry and exit
                                    points leading to credentials and
                                    degrees, and to assist students
                                    pursuing pathways in STEM fields to
                                    transition from associate-degree-
                                    granting colleges to bachelor-degree-
                                    granting institutions, through such
                                    means as--'';
                                        (II) in clause (i), by striking
                                    ``to ensure'' and inserting ``to
                                    develop articulation agreements that
                                    ensure''; and
                                        (III) in clause (ii), by striking
                                    ``courses at the bachelor-degree-
                                    granting institution'' and inserting
                                    ``the career and educational pathways
                                    supported by the articulation
                                    agreements'';
                                (ii) in subparagraph (B)--
                                        (I) in clause (i), by inserting
                                    ``veterans and individuals engaged in''
                                    before ``work in the home'';
                                        (II) in clause (iii)--
                                                (aa) by striking
                                            ``bachelor's-degree-granting
                                            institutions'' and inserting
                                            ``institutions or work sites'';
                                            and
                                                (bb) by inserting ``or
                                            industry internships'' after
                                            ``summer programs''; and
                                        (III) by striking the flush text
                                    following clause (iv); and
                                (iii) by striking subparagraph (C);
                        (B) in paragraph (2)--
                                (i) by striking ``mathematics and science
                            programs'' and inserting ``STEM programs'';
                                (ii) by inserting ``and, as appropriate,
                            elementary schools,'' after ``with secondary
                            schools'';
                                (iii) by striking ``mathematics and science
                            education'' and inserting ``STEM education'';
                                (iv) by striking ``secondary school
                            students'' and inserting ``students at these
                            schools'';
                                (v) by striking ``science and advanced-
                            technology fields'' and inserting ``STEM and
                            advanced-technology fields''; and
                                (vi) by striking ``agreements with local
                            educational agencies'' and inserting
                            ``articulation agreements or dual credit
                            courses with local secondary schools, or other
                            means as the Director determines
                            appropriate,''; and
                        (C) in paragraph (3)--
                                (i) by striking subparagraph (B);
                                (ii) by striking ``shall--''and all that
                            follows through ``establish a'' and inserting
                            ``shall establish a'';
                                (iii) by striking ``the fields of science,
                            technology, engineering, and mathematics'' and
                            inserting ``STEM fields''; and
                                (iv) by striking ``; and'' and inserting
                            ``, including jobs at Federal and academic
                            laboratories.'';
                (5) in subsection (d)(2)--
                        (A) in subparagraph (D), by striking ``and'' after
                    the semicolon;
                        (B) in subparagraph (E), by striking the period at
                    the end and inserting a semicolon; and
                        (C) by adding at the end the following:
                        ``(F) as appropriate, applications that apply the
                    best practices for STEM education and technical skills
                    education through distance learning or in a simulated
                    work environment, as determined by research described
                    in subsection (f); and'';
                (6) in subsection (g), by striking the second sentence;
                (7) in subsection (h)(1)--
                        (A) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``2022'' and
                    inserting ``2026'';
                        (B) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``2022'' and
                    inserting ``2026''; and
                        (C) in subparagraph (C)--
                                (i) by striking ``up to $2,500,000'' and
                            inserting ``not less than $3,000,000''; and
                                (ii) by striking ``2022'' and inserting
                            ``2026'';
                (8) in subsection (i)--
                        (A) by striking paragraph (3); and
                        (B) by redesignating paragraphs (4) and (5) as
                    paragraphs (3) and (4), respectively; and
                (9) in subsection (j)--
                        (A) by striking paragraph (1) and inserting the
                    following:
                ``(1) the term advanced-technology includes technological
            fields such as advanced manufacturing, agricultural-,
            biological- and chemical-technologies, energy and environmental
            technologies, engineering technologies, information
            technologies, micro and nano-technologies, cybersecurity
            technologies, geospatial technologies, and new, emerging
            technology areas;'';
                        (B) in paragraph (4), by striking ``separate
                    bachelor-degree-granting institutions'' and inserting
                    ``other entities'';
                        (C) by striking paragraph (7);
                        (D) by redesignating paragraphs (8) and (9) as
                    paragraphs (7) and (8), respectively;
                        (E) in paragraph (7), as redesignated by
                    subparagraph (D), by striking ``and'' after the
                    semicolon;
                        (F) in paragraph (8), as redesignated by
                    subparagraph (D)--
                                (i) by striking ``mathematics, science,
                            engineering, or technology'' and inserting
                            ``science, technology, engineering, or
                            mathematics''; and
                                (ii) by striking the period at the end and
                            inserting ``; and''; and
                        (G) by adding at the end the following:
                ``(9) the term skilled technical workforce means workers--
                        ``(A) in occupations that use significant levels of
                    science and engineering expertise and technical
                    knowledge; and
                        ``(B) whose level of educational attainment is less
                    than a bachelor degree.''.
        (c) Authorization of Appropriations.--Section 5 of the Scientific
    and Advanced-Technology Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 1862j) is amended to
    read as follows:

    ``SEC. 5. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

        ``There are authorized to be appropriated to the Director (from
    sums otherwise authorized to be appropriated for the Foundation) for
    carrying out sections 2 through 4, $150,000,000 for fiscal years 2022
    through 2026.''.

    SEC. 206. INTRAMURAL EMERGING INSTITUTIONS PILOT PROGRAM.

        (a) Establishment.--The Director shall conduct multiple pilot
    programs within the Foundation to expand the number of institutions of
    higher education (including such institutions that are community
    colleges), and other eligible entities that the Director determines
    appropriate, that are able to successfully compete for Foundation
    grants.
        (b) Components.--Each pilot program described in subsection (a)
    shall include at least 1 of the following elements:
                (1) A mentorship program.
                (2) Grant writing technical assistance.
                (3) Targeted outreach, including to a minority-serving
            institution (including a historically Black college or
            university, a Tribal college or university, or a Hispanic-
            serving institution or an institution of higher education with
            an established STEM capacity building program focused on
            traditionally underrepresented populations in STEM, including
            Native Hawaiians, Alaska Natives, and other Indians).
                (4) Programmatic support or solutions for institutions or
            entities that do not have an experienced grant management
            office.
                (5) An increase in the number of grant reviewers from
            institutions of higher education that have not traditionally
            received funds from the Foundation.
                (6) An increase of the term and funding, for a period of 3
            years or less, as appropriate, to a principal investigator that
            is a first-time grant awardee, when paired with regular
            mentoring on the administrative aspects of grant management.
        (c) Limitation.--As appropriate, each pilot program described in
    subsection (a) shall work to reduce administrative burdens.
        (d) Agency-wide Programs.--Not later than 5 years after the date of
    enactment of this Act, the Director shall--
                (1) review the results of the pilot programs described in
            subsection (a); and
                (2) develop agency-wide best practices from the pilot
            programs for implementation across the Foundation, in order to
            fulfill the requirement under section 3(e) of the National
            Science Foundation Act of 1950 (42 U.S.C. 1862(e)).

    SEC. 207. PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS.

        (a) In General.--The Director shall pursue partnerships with
    private industry, private foundations, or other appropriate private
    entities to--
                (1) enhance the impact of the Foundation's investments and
            contributions to the United States economic competitiveness and
            security; and
                (2) make available infrastructure, expertise, and financial
            resources to the United States scientific and engineering
            research and education enterprise.
        (b) Merit Review.--Nothing in this section shall be construed as
    altering any intellectual or broader impacts criteria at the Foundation
    for evaluating grant applications.

    SEC. 208. AI SCHOLARSHIP-FOR-SERVICE ACT.

        (a) Definitions.--In this section:
                (1) Artificial intelligence.--The term ``artificial
            intelligence'' or ``AI'' has the meaning given the term
            ``artificial intelligence'' in section 238(g) of the John S.
            McCain National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2019
            (10 U.S.C. 2358 note).
                (2) Executive agency.--The term ``executive agency'' has
            the meaning given the term ``Executive agency'' in section 105
            of title 5, United States Code.
                (3) Registered internship.--The term ``registered
            internship'' means a Federal Registered Internship Program
            coordinated through the Department of Labor.
        (b) In General.--The Director, in coordination with the Director of
    the Office of Personnel Management, the Director of the National
    Institute of Standards and Technology, and the heads of other agencies
    with appropriate scientific knowledge, shall establish a Federal
    artificial intelligence scholarship-for-service program (referred to in
    this section as the Federal AI Scholarship-for-Service Program) to
    recruit and train artificial intelligence professionals to lead and
    support the application of artificial intelligence to the missions of
    Federal, State, local, and Tribal governments.
        (c) Qualified Institution of Higher Education.--The Director, in
    coordination with the heads of other agencies with appropriate
    scientific knowledge, shall establish criteria to designate qualified
    institutions of higher education that shall be eligible to participate
    in the Federal AI Scholarship-for-Service program. Such criteria shall
    include--
                (1) measures of the institution's demonstrated excellence
            in the education of students in the field of artificial
            intelligence; and
                (2) measures of the institution's ability to attract and
            retain a diverse and non-traditional student population in the
            fields of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics,
            which may include the ability to attract women, minorities, and
            individuals with disabilities.
        (d) Program Description and Components.--The Federal AI
    Scholarship-for-Service Program shall--
                (1) provide scholarships through qualified institutions of
            higher education to students who are enrolled in programs of
            study at institutions of higher education leading to degrees or
            concentrations in or related to the artificial intelligence
            field;
                (2) provide the scholarship recipients with summer
            internship opportunities, registered internships, or other
            meaningful temporary appointments in the Federal workforce
            focusing on AI projects or research;
                (3) prioritize the employment placement of scholarship
            recipients in executive agencies;
                (4) identify opportunities to promote multi-disciplinary
            programs of study that integrate basic or advanced AI training
            with other fields of study, including those that address the
            social, economic, legal, and ethical implications of human
            interaction with AI systems; and
                (5) support capacity-building education research programs
            that will enable postsecondary educational institutions to
            expand their ability to train the next-generation AI workforce,
            including AI researchers and practitioners.
        (e) Scholarship Amounts.--Each scholarship under subsection (d)
    shall be in an amount that covers the student's tuition and fees at the
    institution for not more than 3 years and provides the student with an
    additional stipend.
        (f) Post-award Employment Obligations.--Each scholarship recipient,
    as a condition of receiving a scholarship under the program, shall
    enter into an agreement under which the recipient agrees to work for a
    period equal to the length of the scholarship, following receipt of the
    student's degree, in the AI mission of--
                (1) an executive agency;
                (2) Congress, including any agency, entity, office, or
            commission established in the legislative branch;
                (3) an interstate agency;
                (4) a State, local, or Tribal government, which may include
            instruction in AI-related skill sets in a public school system;
            or
                (5) a State, local, or Tribal government-affiliated
            nonprofit entity that is considered to be critical
            infrastructure (as defined in section 1016(e) of the USA
            Patriot Act (42 U.S.C. 5195c(e))).
        (g) Hiring Authority.--
                (1) Appointment in excepted service.--Notwithstanding any
            provision of chapter 33 of title 5, United States Code,
            governing appointments in the competitive service, an executive
            agency may appoint an individual who has completed the eligible
            degree program for which a scholarship was awarded to a
            position in the excepted service in the executive agency.
                (2) Noncompetitive conversion.--Except as provided in
            paragraph (4), upon fulfillment of the service term, an
            employee appointed under paragraph (1) may be converted
            noncompetitively to term, career-conditional, or career
            appointment.
                (3) Timing of conversion.--An executive agency may
            noncompetitively convert a term employee appointed under
            paragraph (2) to a career-conditional or career appointment
            before the term appointment expires.
                (4) Authority to decline conversion.--An executive agency
            may decline to make the noncompetitive conversion or
            appointment under paragraph (2) for cause.
        (h) Eligibility.--To be eligible to receive a scholarship under
    this section, an individual shall--
                (1) be a citizen or lawful permanent resident of the United
            States;
                (2) demonstrate a commitment to a career in advancing the
            field of AI;
                (3) be--
                        (A) a full-time student in an eligible degree
                    program at a qualified institution of higher education,
                    as determined by the Director;
                        (B) a student pursuing a degree on a less than
                    full-time basis, but not less than half-time basis; or
                        (C) an AI faculty member on sabbatical to advance
                    knowledge in the field; and
                (4) accept the terms of a scholarship under this section.
        (i) Conditions of Support.--
                (1) In general.--As a condition of receiving a scholarship
            under this section, a recipient shall agree to provide the
            qualified institution of higher education with annual
            verifiable documentation of post-award employment and up-to-
            date contact information.
                (2) Terms.--A scholarship recipient under this section
            shall be liable to the United States as provided in subsection
            (k) if the individual--
                        (A) fails to maintain an acceptable level of
                    academic standing at the applicable institution of
                    higher education, as determined by the Director;
                        (B) is dismissed from the applicable institution of
                    higher education for disciplinary reasons;
                        (C) withdraws from the eligible degree program
                    before completing the program;
                        (D) declares that the individual does not intend to
                    fulfill the post-award employment obligation under this
                    section; or
                        (E) fails to fulfill the post-award employment
                    obligation of the individual under this section.
        (j) Monitoring Compliance.--As a condition of participating in the
    program, a qualified institution of higher education shall--
                (1) enter into an agreement with the Director to monitor
            the compliance of scholarship recipients with respect to their
            post-award employment obligations; and
                (2) provide to the Director, on an annual basis, the post-
            award employment documentation required under subsection (i)
            for scholarship recipients through the completion of their
            post-award employment obligations.
        (k) Amount of Repayment.--
                (1) Less than 1 year of service.--If a circumstance
            described in subsection (i)(2) occurs before the completion of
            1 year of a post-award employment obligation under this
            section, the total amount of scholarship awards received by the
            individual under this section shall--
                        (A) be repaid; or
                        (B) be treated as a loan to be repaid in accordance
                    with subsection (l).
                (2) 1 or more years of service.--If a circumstance
            described in subparagraph (D) or (E) of subsection (i)(2)
            occurs after the completion of 1 or more years of a post-award
            employment obligation under this section, the total amount of
            scholarship awards received by the individual under this
            section, reduced by the ratio of the number of years of service
            completed divided by the number of years of service required,
            shall--
                        (A) be repaid; or
                        (B) be treated as a loan to be repaid in accordance
                    with subsection (l).
        (l) Repayments.--A loan described in subsection (k) shall--
                (1) be treated as a Federal Direct Unsubsidized Stafford
            Loan under part D of title IV of the Higher Education Act of
            1965 (20 U.S.C. 1087a et seq.); and
                (2) be subject to repayment, together with interest thereon
            accruing from the date of the scholarship award, in accordance
            with terms and conditions specified by the Director (in
            consultation with the Secretary of Education).
        (m) Collection of Repayment.--
                (1) In general.--In the event that a scholarship recipient
            is required to repay the scholarship award under this section,
            the qualified institution of higher education providing the
            scholarship shall--
                        (A) determine the repayment amounts and notify the
                    recipient and the Director of the amounts owed; and
                        (B) collect the repayment amounts within a period
                    of time as determined by the Director, or the repayment
                    amounts shall be treated as a loan in accordance with
                    subsection (l).
                (2) Returned to treasury.--Except as provided in paragraph
            (3), any repayment under this subsection shall be returned to
            the Treasury of the United States.
                (3) Retain percentage.--A qualified institution of higher
            education may retain a percentage of any repayment the
            institution collects under this subsection to defray
            administrative costs associated with the collection. The
            Director shall establish a fixed percentage that will apply to
            all eligible entities, and may update this percentage as
            needed, in the determination of the Director.
        (n) Exceptions.--The Director may provide for the partial or total
    waiver or suspension of any service or payment obligation by an
    individual under this section whenever compliance by the individual
    with the obligation is impossible or would involve extreme hardship to
    the individual, or if enforcement of such obligation with respect to
    the individual would be unconscionable.
        (o) Public Information.--
                (1) Evaluation.--The Director, in coordination with the
            Director of the Office of Personnel Management, shall annually
            evaluate and make public, in a manner that protects the
            personally identifiable information of scholarship recipients,
            information on the success of recruiting individuals for
            scholarships under this section and on hiring and retaining
            those individuals in the public sector AI workforce, including
            information on--
                        (A) placement rates;
                        (B) where students are placed, including job titles
                    and descriptions;
                        (C) salary ranges for students not released from
                    obligations under this section;
                        (D) how long after graduation students are placed;
                        (E) how long students stay in the positions they
                    enter upon graduation;
                        (F) how many students are released from
                    obligations; and
                        (G) what, if any, remedial training is required.
                (2) Reports.--The Director, in coordination with the Office
            of Personnel Management, shall submit, not less frequently than
            once every 3 years, to the Committee on Homeland Security and
            Governmental Affairs of the Senate, the Committee on Commerce,
            Science, and Transportation of the Senate, the Committee on
            Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives,
            and the Committee on Oversight and Reform of the House of
            Representatives a report, including the results of the
            evaluation under paragraph (1) and any recent statistics
            regarding the size, composition, and educational requirements
            of the Federal AI workforce.
                (3) Resources.--The Director, in coordination with the
            Director of the Office of Personnel Management, shall provide
            consolidated and user-friendly online resources for prospective
            scholarship recipients, including, to the extent practicable--
                        (A) searchable, up-to-date, and accurate
                    information about participating institutions of higher
                    education and job opportunities related to the AI
                    field; and
                        (B) a modernized description of AI careers.
        (p) Refresh.--Not less than once every 2 years, the Director, in
    coordination with the Director of the Office of Personnel Management,
    shall review and update the Federal AI Scholarship-for-Service Program
    to reflect advances in technology.

    SEC. 209. GEOGRAPHIC DIVERSITY.

        (a) Directorate.--The Director shall use not less than 20 percent
    of the funds provided to the Directorate, for each fiscal year, to
    carry out the program under section 113 of the National Science
    Foundation Authorization Act of 1988 (42 U.S.C. 1862g) for the purposes
    of carrying out sections 104, 106, 107, 108, and 109 of this Act.
        (b) National Science Foundation.--The Director shall use not less
    than 20 percent of the funds provided to the Foundation, for each
    fiscal year, to carry out the program under section 113 of the National
    Science Foundation Authorization Act of 1988 (42 U.S.C. 1862g).
        (c) Department of Energy.--The Secretary of Energy shall use not
    less than 20 percent of the funds provided to the Department of Energy
    under section 117 for each fiscal year to carry out the program under
    section 2203(b)(3) of the Energy Policy Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C.
    13503(b)(3)).
        (d) Consortia.--In the case of an award to a consortium under this
    Act, the Director may count the entire award toward meeting the funding
    requirements of this section if the lead entity of the consortium is
    located in a jurisdiction that is eligible to participate in the
    program under section 113 of the National Science Foundation
    Authorization Act of 1988 (42 U.S.C. 1862g). In the case of an award to
    a consortium under this Act, the Secretary may count the entire award
    toward meeting the funding requirements of this section if the lead
    entity of the consortium is located in a jurisdiction that is eligible
    to participate in the program under section 2203(b)(3) of the Energy
    Policy Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 13503(b)(3)).

    SEC. 210. RURAL STEM EDUCATION ACT.

        (a) Definitions.--In this section:
                (1) Federal laboratory.--The term ``Federal laboratory''
            has the meaning given such term in section 4 of the Stevenson-
            Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3703).
                (2) Institution of higher education.--The term
            ``institution of higher education'' has the meaning given such
            term in section 101(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20
            U.S.C. 1001(a)).
                (3) STEM.--The term ``STEM'' has the meaning given the term
            in section 2 of the America COMPETES Reauthorization Act of
            2010 (42 U.S.C. 6621 note).
                (4) STEM education.--The term ``STEM education'' has the
            meaning given the term in section 2 of the STEM Education Act
            of 2015 (42 U.S.C. 6621 note).
        (b) National Science Foundation Rural Stem Activities.--
                (1) Preparing rural stem educators.--
                        (A) In general.--The Director shall provide grants
                    on a merit-reviewed, competitive basis to institutions
                    of higher education or nonprofit organizations (or a
                    consortium thereof) for research and development to
                    advance innovative approaches to support and sustain
                    high-quality STEM teaching in rural schools.
                        (B) Use of funds.--
                                (i) In general.--Grants awarded under this
                            paragraph shall be used for the research and
                            development activities referred to in
                            subparagraph (A), which may include--
                                        (I) engaging rural educators of
                                    students in prekindergarten through
                                    grade 12 in professional learning
                                    opportunities to enhance STEM
                                    knowledge, including computer science,
                                    and develop best practices;
                                        (II) supporting research on
                                    effective STEM teaching practices in
                                    rural settings, including the use of
                                    rubrics and mastery-based grading
                                    practices to assess student performance
                                    when employing the transdisciplinary
                                    teaching approach for STEM disciplines;
                                        (III) designing and developing pre-
                                    service and in-service training
                                    resources to assist such rural
                                    educators in adopting transdisciplinary
                                    teaching practices across STEM courses;
                                        (IV) coordinating with local
                                    partners to adapt STEM teaching
                                    practices to leverage local, natural,
                                    and community assets in order to
                                    support in-place learning in rural
                                    areas;
                                        (V) providing hands-on training and
                                    research opportunities for rural
                                    educators described in subclause (I) at
                                    Federal laboratories or institutions of
                                    higher education, or in industry;
                                        (VI) developing training and best
                                    practices for educators who teach
                                    multiple grade levels within a STEM
                                    discipline;
                                        (VII) designing and implementing
                                    professional development courses and
                                    experiences, including mentoring, for
                                    rural educators described in subclause
                                    (I) that combine face-to-face and
                                    online experiences; and
                                        (VIII) any other activity the
                                    Director determines will accomplish the
                                    goals of this paragraph.
                                (ii) Rural stem collaborative.--The
                            Director shall establish a pilot program of
                            regional cohorts in rural areas that will
                            provide peer support, mentoring, and hands-on
                            research experiences for rural STEM educators
                            of students in prekindergarten through grade
                            12, in order to build an ecosystem of
                            cooperation among educators, researchers,
                            academia, and local industry.
                (2) Broadening participation of rural students in stem.--
                        (A) In general.--The Director shall provide grants
                    on a merit-reviewed, competitive basis to institutions
                    of higher education or nonprofit organizations (or a
                    consortium thereof) for--
                                (i) research and development of programming
                            to identify the barriers rural students face in
                            accessing high-quality STEM education; and
                                (ii) development of innovative solutions to
                            improve the participation and advancement of
                            rural students in prekindergarten through grade
                            12 in STEM studies.
                        (B) Use of funds.--
                                (i) In general.--Grants awarded under this
                            paragraph shall be used for the research and
                            development activities referred to in
                            subparagraph (A), which may include--
                                        (I) developing partnerships with
                                    community colleges to offer advanced
                                    STEM course work, including computer
                                    science, to rural high school students;
                                        (II) supporting research on
                                    effective STEM practices in rural
                                    settings;
                                        (III) implementing a school-wide
                                    STEM approach;
                                        (IV) improving the Foundation's
                                    Advanced Technology Education program's
                                    coordination and engagement with rural
                                    communities;
                                        (V) collaborating with existing
                                    community partners and networks, such
                                    as the Cooperative Extension System
                                    services and extramural research
                                    programs of the Department of
                                    Agriculture and youth serving
                                    organizations like 4-H, after school
                                    STEM programs, and summer STEM
                                    programs, to leverage community
                                    resources and develop place-based
                                    programming;
                                        (VI) connecting rural school
                                    districts and institutions of higher
                                    education, to improve precollegiate
                                    STEM education and engagement;
                                        (VII) supporting partnerships that
                                    offer hands-on inquiry-based science
                                    activities, including coding, and
                                    access to lab resources for students
                                    studying STEM in prekindergarten
                                    through grade 12 in a rural area;
                                        (VIII) evaluating the role of
                                    broadband connectivity and its
                                    associated impact on the STEM and
                                    technology literacy of rural students;
                                        (IX) building capacity to support
                                    extracurricular STEM programs in rural
                                    schools, including mentor-led
                                    engagement programs, STEM programs held
                                    during nonschool hours, STEM networks,
                                    makerspaces, coding activities, and
                                    competitions; and
                                        (X) any other activity the Director
                                    determines will accomplish the goals of
                                    this paragraph.
                (3) Application.--An applicant seeking a grant under
            paragraph (1) or (2) shall submit an application at such time,
            in such manner, and containing such information as the Director
            may require. The application may include the following:
                        (A) A description of the target population to be
                    served by the research activity or activities for which
                    such grant is sought.
                        (B) A description of the process for recruitment
                    and selection of students, educators, or schools from
                    rural areas to participate in such activity or
                    activities.
                        (C) A description of how such activity or
                    activities may inform efforts to promote the engagement
                    and achievement of rural students in prekindergarten
                    through grade 12 in STEM studies.
                        (D) In the case of a proposal consisting of a
                    partnership or partnerships with one or more rural
                    schools and one or more researchers, a plan for
                    establishing a sustained partnership that is jointly
                    developed and managed, draws from the capacities of
                    each partner, and is mutually beneficial.
                (4) Partnerships.--In awarding grants under paragraph (1)
            or (2), the Director shall--
                        (A) encourage applicants which, for the purpose of
                    the activity or activities funded through the grant,
                    include or partner with a nonprofit organization or an
                    institution of higher education (or a consortium
                    thereof) that has extensive experience and expertise in
                    increasing the participation of rural students in
                    prekindergarten through grade 12 in STEM; and
                        (B) encourage applicants which, for the purpose of
                    the activity or activities funded through the grant,
                    include or partner with a consortium of rural schools
                    or rural school districts.
                (5) Evaluations.--All proposals for grants under paragraphs
            (1) and (2) shall include an evaluation plan that includes the
            use of outcome-oriented measures to assess the impact and
            efficacy of the grant. Each recipient of a grant under this
            subsection shall include results from these evaluative
            activities in annual and final projects.
                (6) Accountability and dissemination.--
                        (A) Evaluation required.--The Director shall
                    evaluate the portfolio of grants awarded under
                    paragraphs (1) and (2). Such evaluation shall--
                                (i) assess the results of research
                            conducted under such grants and identify best
                            practices; and
                                (ii) to the extent practicable, integrate
                            the findings of research resulting from the
                            activity or activities funded through such
                            grants with the findings of other research on
                            rural students' pursuit of degrees or careers
                            in STEM.
                        (B) Report on evaluations.--Not later than 180 days
                    after the completion of the evaluation under
                    subparagraph (A), the Director shall submit to Congress
                    and make widely available to the public a report that
                    includes--
                                (i) the results of the evaluation; and
                                (ii) any recommendations for administrative
                            and legislative action that could optimize the
                            effectiveness of the grants awarded under this
                            subsection.
                (7) Report by committee on equal opportunities in science
            and engineering.--As part of the first report required by
            section 36(e) of the Science and Engineering Equal
            Opportunities Act (42 U.S.C. 1885c(e)) transmitted to Congress
            after the date of enactment of this Act, the Committee on Equal
            Opportunities in Science and Engineering shall include--
                        (A) a description of past and present policies and
                    activities of the Foundation to encourage full
                    participation of students in rural communities in
                    science, mathematics, engineering, and computer science
                    fields; and
                        (B) an assessment of the policies and activities of
                    the Foundation, along with proposals for new strategies
                    or the broadening of existing successful strategies
                    towards facilitating the goal of increasing
                    participation of rural students in prekindergarten
                    through grade 12 in Foundation activities.
                (8) Coordination.--In carrying out this subsection, the
            Director shall, for purposes of enhancing program effectiveness
            and avoiding duplication of activities, consult, cooperate, and
            coordinate with the programs and policies of other relevant
            Federal agencies.
        (c) Opportunities for Online Education.--
                (1) In general.--The Director shall award competitive
            grants to institutions of higher education or nonprofit
            organizations (or a consortium thereof, which may include a
            private sector partner) to conduct research on online STEM
            education courses for rural communities.
                (2) Research areas.--The research areas eligible for
            funding under this subsection shall include--
                        (A) evaluating the learning and achievement of
                    rural students in prekindergarten through grade 12 in
                    STEM subjects;
                        (B) understanding how computer-based and online
                    professional development courses and mentor experiences
                    can be integrated to meet the needs of educators of
                    rural students in prekindergarten through grade 12;
                        (C) combining computer-based and online STEM
                    education and training with apprenticeships, mentoring,
                    or other applied learning arrangements;
                        (D) leveraging online programs to supplement STEM
                    studies for rural students that need physical and
                    academic accommodation; and
                        (E) any other activity the Director determines will
                    accomplish the goals of this subsection.
                (3) Evaluations.--All proposals for grants under this
            subsection shall include an evaluation plan that includes the
            use of outcome-oriented measures to assess the impact and
            efficacy of the grant. Each recipient of a grant under this
            subsection shall include results from these evaluative
            activities in annual and final projects.
                (4) Accountability and dissemination.--
                        (A) Evaluation required.--The Director shall
                    evaluate the portfolio of grants awarded under this
                    subsection. Such evaluation shall--
                                (i) use a common set of benchmarks and
                            tools to assess the results of research
                            conducted under such grants and identify best
                            practices; and
                                (ii) to the extent practicable, integrate
                            findings from activities carried out pursuant
                            to research conducted under this subsection,
                            with respect to the pursuit of careers and
                            degrees in STEM, with those activities carried
                            out pursuant to other research on serving rural
                            students and communities.
                        (B) Report on evaluations.--Not later than 180 days
                    after the completion of the evaluation under
                    subparagraph (A), the Director shall submit to Congress
                    and make widely available to the public a report that
                    includes--
                                (i) the results of the evaluation; and
                                (ii) any recommendations for administrative
                            and legislative action that could optimize the
                            effectiveness of the grants awarded under this
                            subsection.
                (5) Coordination.--In carrying out this subsection, the
            Director shall, for purposes of enhancing program effectiveness
            and avoiding duplication of activities, consult, cooperate, and
            coordinate with the programs and policies of other relevant
            Federal agencies.
        (d) National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
    Evaluation.--
                (1) Study.--Not later than 12 months after the date of
            enactment of this Act, the Director shall enter into an
            agreement with the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering,
            and Medicine under which the National Academies agree to
            conduct an evaluation and assessment that--
                        (A) evaluates the quality and quantity of current
                    Federal programming and research directed at examining
                    STEM education for students in prekindergarten through
                    grade 12 and workforce development in rural areas;
                        (B) in coordination with the Federal Communications
                    Commission, assesses the impact that the scarcity of
                    broadband connectivity in rural communities, and the
                    affordability of broadband connectivity, have on STEM
                    and technical literacy for students in prekindergarten
                    through grade 12 in rural areas;
                        (C) assesses the core research and data needed to
                    understand the challenges rural areas are facing in
                    providing quality STEM education and workforce
                    development;
                        (D) makes recommendations for action at the
                    Federal, State, and local levels for improving STEM
                    education, including online STEM education, for
                    students in prekindergarten through grade 12 and
                    workforce development in rural areas; and
                        (E) makes recommendations to inform the
                    implementation of programs in subsections (a), (b), and
                    (c).
                (2) Report to director.--The agreement entered into under
            paragraph (1) shall require the National Academies of Sciences,
            Engineering, and Medicine, not later than 24 months after the
            date of enactment of this Act, to submit to the Director a
            report on the study conducted under such paragraph, including
            the National Academies' findings and recommendations.
        (e) GAO Review.--Not later than 3 years after the date of enactment
    of this Act, the Comptroller General of the United States shall conduct
    a study on the engagement of rural populations in Federal STEM programs
    and submit to Congress a report that includes--
                (1) an assessment of how Federal STEM education programs
            are serving rural populations;
                (2) a description of initiatives carried out by Federal
            agencies that are targeted at supporting STEM education in
            rural areas;
                (3) an assessment of what is known about the impact and
            effectiveness of Federal investments in STEM education programs
            that are targeted to rural areas; and
                (4) an assessment of challenges that State and Federal STEM
            education programs face in reaching rural population centers.
        (f) Capacity Building Through EPSCoR.--Section 517(f)(2) of the
    America COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 1862p-9(f)(2))
    is amended--
                (1) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            and
                (2) by adding at the end the following:
                        ``(C) to increase the capacity of rural communities
                    to provide quality STEM education and STEM workforce
                    development programming to students and teachers;
                    and''.
        (g) NIST Engagement With Rural Communities.--
                (1) MEP outreach.--Section 25 of the National Institute of
            Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k) is amended--
                        (A) in subsection (c)--
                                (i) in paragraph (6), by striking
                            ``community colleges and area career and
                            technical education schools'' and inserting the
                            following: ``secondary schools (as defined in
                            section 8101 of the Elementary and Secondary
                            Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7801)),
                            community colleges, and area career and
                            technical education schools, including those in
                            underserved and rural communities,''; and
                                (ii) in paragraph (7)--
                                        (I) by striking ``and local
                                    colleges'' and inserting the following:
                                    ``local high schools and local
                                    colleges, including those in
                                    underserved and rural communities,'';
                                    and
                                        (II) by inserting ``or other
                                    applied learning opportunities'' after
                                    ``apprenticeships''; and
                        (B) in subsection (d)(3), by striking ``, community
                    colleges, and area career and technical education
                    schools,'' and inserting the following: ``and local
                    high schools, community colleges, and area career and
                    technical education schools, including those in
                    underserved and rural communities,''.
                (2) Rural connectivity prize competition.--
                        (A) Prize competition.--Pursuant to section 24 of
                    the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980
                    (15 U.S.C. 3719), the Secretary of Commerce shall carry
                    out a program to award prizes competitively to
                    stimulate research and development of creative
                    technologies to support the deployment of affordable
                    and reliable broadband connectivity in rural
                    communities, including unserved rural communities.
                        (B) Plan for deployment in rural communities.--Each
                    proposal submitted pursuant to subparagraph (A) shall
                    include a proposed plan for deployment of the
                    technology that is the subject of such proposal.
                        (C) Prize amount.--In carrying out the program
                    under subparagraph (A), the Secretary may award not
                    more than a total of $5,000,000 to one or more winners
                    of the prize competition.
                        (D) Report.--Not later than 60 days after the date
                    on which a prize is awarded under the prize
                    competition, the Secretary shall submit to the relevant
                    committees of Congress a report that describes the
                    winning proposal of the prize competition.
                        (E) Consultation.--In carrying out the program
                    under this paragraph, the Secretary shall consult with
                    the Federal Communications Commission and the heads of
                    relevant departments and agencies of the Federal
                    Government.

    SEC. 211. QUANTUM NETWORK INFRASTRUCTURE AND WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT ACT.

        (a) Definitions.--In this section:
                (1) ESEA definitions.--The terms ``elementary school'',
            ``high school'', ``local educational agency'', and ``secondary
            school'' have the meanings given those terms in section 8101 of
            the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C.
            7801).
                (2) Appropriate committees of congress.--The term
            ``appropriate committees of Congress'' has the meaning given
            such term in section 2 of the National Quantum Initiative Act
            (15 U.S.C. 8801).
                (3) Interagency working group.--The term ``Interagency
            Working Group'' means the QIS Workforce Working Group under the
            Subcommittee on Quantum Information Science of the National
            Science and Technology Council.
                (4) Q2work program.--The term ``Q2Work Program'' means the
            Q2Work Program supported by the Foundation.
                (5) Quantum information science.--The term ``quantum
            information science'' has the meaning given such term in
            section 2 of the National Quantum Initiative Act (15 U.S.C.
            8801).
                (6) STEM.--The term ``STEM'' has the meaning given the term
            in section 2 of the America COMPETES Reauthorization Act of
            2010 (42 U.S.C. 6621 note).
        (b) Quantum Networking Working Group Report on Quantum Networking
    and Communications.--
                (1) Report.--Not later than 3 years after the date of the
            enactment of this Act, the Quantum Networking Working Group
            within the Subcommittee on Quantum Information Science of the
            National Science and Technology Council shall submit to the
            appropriate committees of Congress a report detailing a plan
            for the advancement of quantum networking and communications
            technology in the United States, building on A Strategic Vision
            for America's Quantum Networks and A Coordinated Approach for
            Quantum Networking Research.
                (2) Requirements.--The report under paragraph (1) shall
            include--
                        (A) a framework for interagency collaboration on
                    the advancement of quantum networking and
                    communications research;
                        (B) a plan for interagency collaboration on the
                    development and drafting of international standards for
                    quantum communications technology, including standards
                    relating to--
                                (i) quantum cryptography and post-quantum
                            classical cryptography;
                                (ii) network security;
                                (iii) quantum network infrastructure;
                                (iv) transmission of quantum information
                            through optical fiber networks; and
                                (v) any other technologies considered
                            appropriate by the Working Group;
                        (C) a proposal for the protection of national
                    security interests relating to the advancement of
                    quantum networking and communications technology;
                        (D) recommendations to Congress for legislative
                    action relating to the framework, plan, and proposal
                    set forth pursuant to subparagraphs (A), (B), and (C),
                    respectively; and
                        (E) such other matters as the Working Group
                    considers necessary to advance the security of
                    communications and network infrastructure, remain at
                    the forefront of scientific discovery in the quantum
                    information science domain, and transition quantum
                    information science research into the emerging quantum
                    technology economy.
        (c) Quantum Networking and Communications Research.--
                (1) Research.--The Under Secretary of Commerce for
            Standards and Technology shall carry out research to facilitate
            the development and standardization of quantum networking and
            communications technologies and applications, including
            research on the following:
                        (A) Quantum cryptography and post-quantum classical
                    cryptography.
                        (B) Quantum repeater technology.
                        (C) Quantum network traffic management.
                        (D) Quantum transduction.
                        (E) Long baseline entanglement and teleportation.
                        (F) Such other technologies, processes, or
                    applications as the Under Secretary considers
                    appropriate.
                (2) Implementation.--The Under Secretary shall carry out
            the research required by paragraph (1) through such divisions,
            laboratories, offices and programs of the National Institute of
            Standards and Technology as the Under Secretary considers
            appropriate and actively engaged in activities relating to
            quantum information science.
                (3) Development of standards.--For quantum technologies
            deemed by the Under Secretary to be at a readiness level
            sufficient for standardization, the Under Secretary shall
            provide technical review and assistance to such other Federal
            agencies as the Under Secretary considers appropriate for the
            development of quantum network infrastructure standards.
                (4) Authorization of appropriations.--
                        (A) In general.--There is authorized to be
                    appropriated to the Scientific and Technical Research
                    and Services account of the National Institute of
                    Standards and Technology to carry out this subsection
                    $10,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2022 through 2026.
                        (B) Supplement, not supplant.--The amounts
                    authorized to be appropriated under subparagraph (A)
                    shall supplement and not supplant amounts already
                    appropriated to the account described in such
                    subparagraph.
        (d) Quantum Workforce Evaluation and Acceleration.--
                (1) Identification of gaps.--The Foundation shall enter
            into an agreement with the National Academies of Sciences,
            Engineering, and Medicine to conduct a study of ways to support
            the next generation of quantum leaders.
                (2) Scope of study.--In carrying out the study described in
            paragraph (1), the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering,
            and Medicine shall identify--
                        (A) education gaps, including foundational courses
                    in STEM and areas in need of standardization, in
                    elementary school, middle school, high school, and
                    higher education curricula, that need to be rectified
                    in order to prepare students to participate in the
                    quantum workforce;
                        (B) the skills and workforce needs of industry,
                    specifically identifying the cross-disciplinary
                    academic degrees or academic courses necessary--
                                (i) to qualify students for multiple career
                            pathways in quantum information sciences and
                            related fields;
                                (ii) to ensure the United States is
                            competitive in the field of quantum information
                            science while preserving national security; and
                                (iii) to support the development of quantum
                            applications; and
                        (C) the resources and materials needed to train
                    elementary, middle, and high school educators to
                    effectively teach curricula relevant to the development
                    of a quantum workforce.
                (3) Reports.--
                        (A) Executive summary.--Not later than 2 years
                    after the date of enactment of this Act, the National
                    Academies of Science, Engineering, and Medicine shall
                    prepare and submit to the Foundation, and programs or
                    projects funded by the Foundation, an executive summary
                    of progress regarding the study conducted under
                    paragraph (1) that outlines the findings of the
                    Academies as of such date.
                        (B) Report.--Not later than 3 years after the date
                    of enactment of this Act, the National Academies of
                    Science, Engineering, and Medicine shall prepare and
                    submit a report containing the results of the study
                    conducted under paragraph (1) to Congress, the
                    Foundation, and programs or projects funded by the
                    Foundation that are relevant to the acceleration of a
                    quantum workforce.
        (e) Incorporating QISE Into STEM Curriculum.--
                (1) In general.--The Foundation shall, through programs
            carried out or supported by the Foundation, prioritize the
            better integration of quantum information science and
            engineering (referred to in this subsection as QISE) into the
            STEM curriculum for each grade level from kindergarten through
            grade 12, and community colleges.
                (2) Requirements.--The curriculum integration under
            paragraph (1) shall include--
                        (A) methods to conceptualize QISE for elementary,
                    middle, and high school curricula;
                        (B) methods for strengthening foundational
                    mathematics and science curricula;
                        (C) age-appropriate materials that apply the
                    principles of quantum information science in STEM
                    fields;
                        (D) recommendations for the standardization of key
                    concepts, definitions, and curriculum criteria across
                    government, academia, and industry; and
                        (E) materials that specifically address the
                    findings and outcomes of the study conducted under
                    subsection (d) and strategies to account for the skills
                    and workforce needs identified through the study.
                (3) Coordination.--In carrying out this subsection, the
            Foundation, including the STEM Education Advisory Panel and the
            Advancing Informal STEM Learning program and through the
            Foundation's role in the National Q-12 Education Partnership
            and the programs such as the Q2Work Program, shall coordinate
            with the Office of Science and Technology Policy, EPSCoR
            eligible universities, and any Federal agencies or working
            groups determined necessary by the Foundation.
                (4) Review.--In implementing this subsection, the
            Foundation shall support the community expansion of the related
            report entitled Key Concepts for Future QIS Learners (May
            2020).
        (f) Quantum Education Pilot Program.--
                (1) In general.--The Foundation, through the Foundation's
            role in the National Q-12 Education Partnership and programs
            such as Q2Work Program, and in coordination with the
            Directorate for Education and Human Resources, shall carry out
            a pilot program, to be known as the Next Generation Quantum
            Leaders Pilot Program, to provide funding for the education and
            training of the next generation of students in the fundamental
            principles of quantum mechanics.
                (2) Requirements.--
                        (A) In general.--In carrying out the pilot program
                    required by paragraph (1), the Foundation shall--
                                (i) publish a call for applications through
                            the National Q-12 Education Partnership website
                            (or similar website) for participation in the
                            pilot program from elementary schools,
                            secondary schools, and State educational
                            agencies as determined appropriate by the
                            Foundation;
                                (ii) coordinate with educational service
                            agencies, associations that support STEM
                            educators or local educational agencies, and
                            partnerships through the Q-12 Education
                            Partnership, to encourage elementary schools,
                            secondary schools, and State educational
                            agencies to participate in the program as
                            determined appropriate by the Foundation;
                                (iii) accept applications in advance of the
                            academic year in which the program shall begin;
                            and
                                (iv) select elementary schools, secondary
                            schools, and State educational agencies to
                            participate in the program, as determined
                            appropriate by the Foundation, in accordance
                            with qualifications determined by the QIS
                            Workforce Working Group, in coordination with
                            the National Q-12 Education Partnership.
                        (B) Prioritization.--In selecting program
                    participants under subparagraph (A)(iv), the Director
                    of the Foundation shall give priority to elementary
                    schools, secondary schools, and local educational
                    agencies located in jurisdictions eligible to
                    participate in the Established Program to Stimulate
                    Competitive Research (commonly known as EPSCoR),
                    including Tribal and rural elementary, middle, and high
                    schools in such jurisdictions.
                (3) Consultation.--The Foundation shall carry out this
            subsection in consultation with the QIS Workforce Working Group
            and the Advancing Informal STEM Learning Program.
                (4) Reporting.--
                        (A) Report and selected participants.--Not later
                    than 90 days following the closing of the application
                    period under paragraph (2)(A)(iii), the Director of the
                    Foundation shall submit to Congress a report on the
                    educational institutions selected to participate in the
                    pilot program required under paragraph (1), specifying
                    the percentage from nontraditional geographies,
                    including Tribal or rural school districts.
                        (B) Report on implementation of curriculum.--Not
                    later than 2 years after the date of enactment of this
                    Act, the Director of the Foundation shall submit to
                    Congress a report on implementation of the curricula
                    and materials under the pilot program, including the
                    feasibility and advisability of expanding such pilot
                    program to include additional educational institutions
                    beyond those originally selected to participate in the
                    pilot program.
                (5) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized
            to be appropriated such funds as may be necessary to carry out
            this subsection.
                (6) Termination.--This subsection shall cease to have
            effect on the date that is 3 years after the date of the
            enactment of this Act.
        (g) Energy Sciences Network.--
                (1) In general.--The Secretary of Energy (referred to in
            this subsection as the Secretary), in coordination with the
            National Science Foundation and the National Aeronautics and
            Space Administration, shall supplement the Energy Sciences
            Network User Facility (referred to in this subsection as the
            Network) with dedicated quantum network infrastructure to
            advance development of quantum networking and communications
            technology.
                (2) Purpose.--The purpose of paragraph (1) is to utilize
            the Network to advance a broad range of testing and research,
            including relating to--
                        (A) the establishment of stable, long-baseline
                    quantum entanglement and teleportation;
                        (B) quantum repeater technologies for long-baseline
                    communication purposes;
                        (C) quantum transduction;
                        (D) the coexistence of quantum and classical
                    information;
                        (E) multiplexing, forward error correction,
                    wavelength routing algorithms, and other quantum
                    networking infrastructure; and
                        (F) any other technologies or applications
                    determined necessary by the Secretary.
                (3) Authorization of appropriations.--There are authorized
            to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this
            subsection, $10,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2022 through
            2026.

    SEC. 212. SUPPORTING EARLY-CAREER RESEARCHERS ACT.

        (a) Short Title.--This section may be cited as the ``Supporting
    Early-Career Researchers Act''.
        (b) In General.--The Director may establish a 2-year pilot program
    to award grants to highly qualified early-career investigators to carry
    out an independent research program at the institution of higher
    education or participating Federal research facility chosen by such
    investigator, to last for a period not greater than 2 years.
        (c) Priority for Broadening Participation.--In awarding grants
    under this section, the Director shall give priority to--
                (1) early-career investigators who are from groups that are
            underrepresented in science, technology, engineering, and
            mathematics research;
                (2) early-career investigators who choose to carry out
            independent research at a minority-serving institution (or an
            institution of higher education with an established STEM
            capacity building program focused on traditionally
            underrepresented populations in STEM, including Native
            Hawaiians, Alaska Natives, and other Indians); and
                (3) early-career investigators in a jurisdiction eligible
            to participate under section 113 of the National Science
            Foundation Authorization Act of 1988 (42 U.S.C. 1862g).
        (d) Reports From Grantees.--Not later than 180 days after the end
    of the pilot program under this section, each early-career investigator
    who receives a grant under the pilot program shall submit a report to
    the Director that describes how the early-career investigator used the
    grant funds.
        (e) Report to Congress.--Not later than 180 days after the deadline
    for the submission of the reports described in subsection (d), the
    Director shall submit a report to the Committee on Commerce, Science,
    and Transportation of the Senate and the Committee on Science, Space,
    and Technology of the House of Representatives that contains a summary
    of the uses of grant funds under this section and the impact of the
    pilot program under this section.

    SEC. 213. ADVANCING PRECISION AGRICULTURE CAPABILITIES ACT.

        (a) Short Title.--This section may be cited as the ``Advancing IoT
    for Precision Agriculture Act of 2021''.
        (b) Purpose.--It is the purpose of this section to promote
    scientific research and development opportunities for connected
    technologies that advance precision agriculture capabilities.
        (c) Foundation Directive on Agricultural Sensor Research.--In
    awarding grants under the sensor systems and networked systems programs
    of the Foundation, the Director shall include in consideration of
    portfolio balance research and development on sensor connectivity in
    environments of intermittent connectivity and intermittent
    computation--
                (1) to improve the reliable use of advance sensing systems
            in rural and agricultural areas; and
                (2) that considers--
                        (A) direct gateway access for locally stored data;
                        (B) attenuation of signal transmission;
                        (C) loss of signal transmission; and
                        (D) at-scale performance for wireless power.
        (d) Updating Considerations for Precision Agriculture Technology
    Within the NSF Advanced Technical Education Program.--Section 3 of the
    Scientific and Advanced-Technology Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 1862i), as
    amended by section 205, is further amended--
                (1) in subsection (d)(2), by adding at the end the
            following:
                        ``(G) applications that incorporate distance
                    learning tools and approaches.''; and
                (2) in subsection (e)(3)--
                        (A) in subparagraph (C), by striking ``and'' after
                    the semicolon;
                        (B) in subparagraph (D), by striking the period at
                    the end and inserting ``; and''; and
                        (C) by adding at the end the following:
                        ``(E) applications that incorporate distance
                    learning tools and approaches.''.
        (e) GAO Review.--Not later than 18 months after the date of
    enactment of this section, the Comptroller General of the United States
    shall provide--
                (1) a technology assessment of precision agriculture
            technologies, such as the existing use of--
                        (A) sensors, scanners, radio-frequency
                    identification, and related technologies that can
                    monitor soil properties, irrigation conditions, and
                    plant physiology;
                        (B) sensors, scanners, radio-frequency
                    identification, and related technologies that can
                    monitor livestock activity and health;
                        (C) network connectivity and wireless
                    communications that can securely support digital
                    agriculture technologies in rural and remote areas;
                        (D) aerial imagery generated by satellites or
                    unmanned aerial vehicles;
                        (E) ground-based robotics;
                        (F) control systems design and connectivity, such
                    as smart irrigation control systems; and
                        (G) data management software and advanced analytics
                    that can assist decision making and improve
                    agricultural outcomes; and
                (2) a review of Federal programs that provide support for
            precision agriculture research, development, adoption,
            education, or training, in existence on the date of enactment
            of this section.

    SEC. 214. CRITICAL MINERALS MINING RESEARCH.

        (a) Critical Minerals Mining Research and Development at the
    Foundation.--
                (1) In general.--In order to support supply chain
            resiliency, the Director shall issue awards, on a competitive
            basis, to institutions of higher education or nonprofit
            organizations (or consortia of such institutions or
            organizations) to support basic research that will accelerate
            innovation to advance critical minerals mining strategies and
            technologies for the purpose of making better use of domestic
            resources and eliminating national reliance on minerals and
            mineral materials that are subject to supply disruptions.
                (2) Use of funds.--Activities funded by an award under this
            section may include--
                        (A) advancing mining research and development
                    activities to develop new mapping and mining
                    technologies and techniques, including advanced
                    critical mineral extraction and production, to improve
                    existing or to develop new supply chains of critical
                    minerals, and to yield more efficient, economical, and
                    environmentally benign mining practices;
                        (B) advancing critical mineral processing research
                    activities to improve separation, alloying,
                    manufacturing, or recycling techniques and technologies
                    that can decrease the energy intensity, waste,
                    potential environmental impact, and costs of those
                    activities;
                        (C) conducting long-term earth observation of
                    reclaimed mine sites, including the study of the
                    evolution of microbial diversity at such sites;
                        (D) examining the application of artificial
                    intelligence for geological exploration of critical
                    minerals, including what size and diversity of data
                    sets would be required;
                        (E) examining the application of machine learning
                    for detection and sorting of critical minerals,
                    including what size and diversity of data sets would be
                    required;
                        (F) conducting detailed isotope studies of critical
                    minerals and the development of more refined geologic
                    models; or
                        (G) providing training and research opportunities
                    to undergraduate and graduate students to prepare the
                    next generation of mining engineers and researchers.
        (b) Critical Minerals Interagency Subcommittee.--
                (1) In general.--In order to support supply chain
            resiliency, the Critical Minerals Subcommittee of the National
            Science and Technology Council (referred to in this subsection
            as the Subcommittee) shall coordinate Federal science and
            technology efforts to ensure secure and reliable supplies of
            critical minerals to the United States.
                (2) Purposes.--The purposes of the Subcommittee shall be--
                        (A) to advise and assist the Committee on Homeland
                    and National Security and the National Science and
                    Technology Council on United States policies,
                    procedures, and plans as it relates to critical
                    minerals, including--
                                (i) Federal research, development, and
                            deployment efforts to optimize methods for
                            extractions, concentration, separation, and
                            purification of conventional, secondary, and
                            unconventional sources of critical minerals;
                                (ii) efficient use and reuse of critical
                            minerals;
                                (iii) the critical minerals workforce of
                            the United States; and
                                (iv) United States private industry
                            investments in innovation and technology
                            transfer from federally funded science and
                            technology;
                        (B) to identify emerging opportunities, stimulate
                    international cooperation, and foster the development
                    of secure and reliable supply chains of critical
                    minerals;
                        (C) to ensure the transparency of information and
                    data related to critical minerals; and
                        (D) to provide recommendations on coordination and
                    collaboration among the research, development, and
                    deployment programs and activities of Federal agencies
                    to promote a secure and reliable supply of critical
                    minerals necessary to maintain national security,
                    economic well-being, and industrial production.
                (3) Responsibilities.--In carrying out paragraphs (1) and
            (2), the Subcommittee may, taking into account the findings and
            recommendations of relevant advisory committees--
                        (A) provide recommendations on how Federal agencies
                    may improve the topographic, geologic, and geophysical
                    mapping of the United States and improve the
                    discoverability, accessibility, and usability of the
                    resulting and existing data, to the extent permitted by
                    law and subject to appropriate limitation for purposes
                    of privacy and security;
                        (B) assess the progress toward developing critical
                    minerals recycling and reprocessing technologies, and
                    technological alternatives to critical minerals;
                        (C) examine options for accessing and developing
                    critical minerals through investment and trade with
                    allies and partners of the United States and provide
                    recommendations;
                        (D) evaluate and provide recommendations to
                    incentivize the development and use of advances in
                    science and technology in the private industry;
                        (E) assess the need for and make recommendations to
                    address the challenges the United States critical
                    minerals supply chain workforce faces, including--
                                (i) aging and retiring personnel and
                            faculty;
                                (ii) public perceptions about the nature of
                            mining and mineral processing; and
                                (iii) foreign competition for United States
                            talent;
                        (F) develop, and update as necessary, a strategic
                    plan to guide Federal programs and activities to
                    enhance--
                                (i) scientific and technical capabilities
                            across critical mineral supply chains,
                            including a roadmap that identifies key
                            research and development needs and coordinates
                            ongoing activities for source diversification,
                            more efficient use, recycling, and substitution
                            for critical minerals; and
                                (ii) cross-cutting mining science, data
                            science techniques, materials science,
                            manufacturing science and engineering,
                            computational modeling, and environmental
                            health and safety research and development; and
                        (G) report to the appropriate committees of
                    Congress on activities and findings under this
                    subsection.
                (4) Mandatory responsibilities.--In carrying out paragraphs
            (1) and (2), the Subcommittee shall, taking into account the
            findings and recommendations of the relevant advisory
            committees, identify and evaluate Federal policies and
            regulations that restrict the mining of critical minerals.
        (c) Grant Program for Development of Critical Minerals and
    Metals.--
                (1) Establishment.--The Secretary of Commerce, in
            consultation with the Director and the Secretary of the
            Interior, shall establish a grant program to finance pilot
            projects for the development of critical minerals and metals in
            the United States.
                (2) Limitation on grant awards.--A grant awarded under
            paragraph (1) may not exceed $10,000,000.
                (3) Economic viability.--In awarding grants under paragraph
            (1), the Secretary of Commerce shall give priority to projects
            that the Secretary of Commerce determines are likely to be
            economically viable over the long term.
                (4) Secondary recovery.--In awarding grants under paragraph
            (1), the Secretary of Commerce shall seek to award not less
            than 30 percent of the total amount of grants awarded during
            the fiscal year for projects relating to secondary recovery of
            critical minerals and metals.
                (5) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized
            to be appropriated to the Secretary of Commerce $100,000,000
            for each of fiscal years 2021 through 2024 to carry out the
            grant program established under paragraph (1).
        (d) Definitions.--In this section:
                (1) Critical mineral; critical mineral or metal.--The terms
            ``critical mineral'' and ``critical mineral or metal'' include
            any host mineral of a critical mineral (within the meaning of
            those terms in section 7002 of title VII of division Z of the
            Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 (Public Law 116-260)).
                (2) Secondary recovery.--The term ``secondary recovery''
            means the recovery of critical minerals and metals from
            discarded end-use products or from waste products produced
            during the metal refining and manufacturing process, including
            from mine waste piles, acid mine drainage sludge, or byproducts
            produced through legacy mining and metallurgy activities.

    SEC. 215. CAREGIVER POLICIES.

        (a) OSTP Guidance.--Not later than 6 months after the date of
    enactment of this Act, the Director of the Office of Science and
    Technology Policy, in consultation with relevant agencies, shall
    provide guidance to each Federal science agency to establish policies
    that--
                (1) apply to all--
                        (A) research awards granted by such agency; and
                        (B) principal investigators of such research who
                    have caregiving responsibilities, including care for a
                    newborn or newly adopted child and care for an
                    immediate family member with a serious health
                    condition; and
                (2) offer, to the extent feasible--
                        (A) flexibility in timing for the initiation of
                    approved research awards granted by such agency;
                        (B) no-cost extensions of such research awards; and
                        (C) grant supplements, as appropriate, to research
                    awards to sustain research activities conducted under
                    such awards.
        (b) Uniformity of Guidance.--In providing guidance under subsection
    (a), the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy shall
    encourage, to the extent practicable, uniformity and consistency in the
    policies established pursuant to such guidance across all Federal
    science agencies.
        (c) Establishment of Policies.--To the extent practicable and
    consistent with guidance issued under subsection (a), Federal science
    agencies shall--
                (1) maintain or develop and implement policies for
            individuals described in paragraph (1)(B) of such subsection;
            and
                (2) broadly disseminate such policies to current and
            potential awardees.
        (d) Data on Usage.--Federal science agencies shall consider--
                (1) collecting data on the usage of the policies under
            subsection (c), at both institutions of higher education and
            Federal laboratories; and
                (2) reporting such data on an annual basis to the Director
            of the Office of Science and Technology Policy in such form as
            required by the Director of the Office of Science and
            Technology Policy.
        (e) Savings.--
                (1) Privacy.--This section shall be carried out in
            accordance with all relevant privacy laws.
                (2) Institutions.--This section shall not affect the
            grantee institution's institutional policies.
        (f) Definition of Federal Science Agency.--In this section, the
    term ``Federal science agency'' means any Federal agency with an annual
    extramural research expenditure of over $100,000,000.

    SEC. 216. PRESIDENTIAL AWARDS.

        (a) In General.--The President is authorized to make Presidential
    Awards for Excellence in Technology and Science Research to researchers
    in underrepresented populations, including women and underrepresented
    minorities, who have demonstrated outstanding achievements in
    technology or science research.
        (b) Number and Distribution of Award Recipients.--If the President
    elects to make Presidential Awards for Excellence in Technology and
    Science Research under subsection (a), the President shall make no
    fewer than 104 Awards. In selecting researchers for the Awards, the
    President shall select at least 2 researchers--
                (1) from each of the States;
                (2) from the District of Columbia; and
                (3) from the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico.
        (c) Selection Procedures.--The President shall carry out this
    section, including the establishment of the selection procedures, after
    consultation with the Director of the Office of Science and Technology
    Policy and other appropriate officials of Federal agencies.

    SEC. 217. BIOECONOMY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ACT OF 2021.

        (a) Short Title.--This section may be cited as the ``Bioeconomy
    Research and Development Act of 2021''.
        (b) Findings.--The Congress makes the following findings:
                (1) Cellular and molecular processes may be used, mimicked,
            or redesigned to develop new products, processes, and systems
            that improve societal well-being, strengthen national security,
            and contribute to the economy.
                (2) Engineering biology relies on a workforce with a
            diverse and unique set of skills combining the biological,
            physical, chemical, and information sciences and engineering.
                (3) Long-term research and development is necessary to
            create breakthroughs in engineering biology. Such research and
            development requires government investment, as many of the
            benefits are too distant or uncertain for industry to support
            alone.
                (4) Research is necessary to inform evidence-based
            governance of engineering biology and to support the growth of
            the engineering biology industry.
                (5) The Federal Government has an obligation to ensure that
            ethical, legal, environmental, safety, security, and societal
            implications of its science and technology research and
            investment follows policies of responsible innovation and
            fosters public transparency.
                (6) The Federal Government can play an important role by
            facilitating the development of tools and technologies to
            further advance engineering biology, including user facilities,
            by facilitating public-private partnerships, by supporting risk
            research, and by facilitating the commercial application in the
            United States of research funded by the Federal Government.
                (7) The United States led the development of the science
            and engineering techniques that created the field of
            engineering biology, but due to increasing international
            competition, the United States is at risk of losing its
            competitive advantage if it does not strategically invest the
            necessary resources.
                (8) A National Engineering Biology Initiative can serve to
            establish new research directions and technology goals, improve
            interagency coordination and planning processes, drive
            technology transfer to the private sector, and help ensure
            optimal returns on the Federal investment.
        (c) Definitions.--In this section:
                (1) Biomanufacturing.--The term ``biomanufacturing'' means
            the utilization of biological systems to develop new and
            advance existing products, tools, and processes at commercial
            scale.
                (2) Engineering biology.--The term ``engineering biology''
            means the application of engineering design principles and
            practices to biological systems, including molecular and
            cellular systems, to advance fundamental understanding of
            complex natural systems and to enable novel or optimize
            functions and capabilities.
                (3) Initiative.--The term ``Initiative'' means the National
            Engineering Biology Research and Development Initiative
            established under subsection (d).
                (4) Omics.--The term ``omics'' refers to the collective
            technologies used to explore the roles, relationships, and
            actions of the various types of molecules that make up the
            cells of an organism.
        (d) National Engineering Biology Research and Development
    Initiative.--
                (1) In general.--The President, acting through the Office
            of Science and Technology Policy, shall implement a National
            Engineering Biology Research and Development Initiative to
            advance societal well-being, national security, sustainability,
            and economic productivity and competitiveness through--
                        (A) advancing areas of research at the intersection
                    of the biological, physical, chemical, data, and
                    computational sciences and engineering to accelerate
                    scientific understanding and technological innovation
                    in engineering biology;
                        (B) advancing areas of biomanufacturing research to
                    optimize, standardize, scale, and deliver new products
                    and solutions;
                        (C) supporting social and behavioral sciences and
                    economics research that advances the field of
                    engineering biology and contributes to the development
                    and public understanding of new products, processes,
                    and technologies;
                        (D) improving the understanding of engineering
                    biology of the scientific and lay public and supporting
                    greater evidence-based public discourse about its
                    benefits and risks;
                        (E) supporting research relating to the risks and
                    benefits of engineering biology, including under
                    paragraph (4);
                        (F) supporting the development of novel tools and
                    technologies to accelerate scientific understanding and
                    technological innovation in engineering biology;
                        (G) expanding the number of researchers, educators,
                    and students and a retooled workforce with engineering
                    biology training, including from traditionally
                    underrepresented and underserved populations;
                        (H) accelerating the translation and
                    commercialization of engineering biology research and
                    development by the private sector; and
                        (I) improving the interagency planning and
                    coordination of Federal Government activities related
                    to engineering biology.
                (2) Initiative activities.--The activities of the
            Initiative shall include--
                        (A) sustained support for engineering biology
                    research and development through--
                                (i) grants to fund the work of individual
                            investigators and teams of investigators,
                            including interdisciplinary teams;
                                (ii) projects funded under joint
                            solicitations by a collaboration of no fewer
                            than two agencies participating in the
                            Initiative; and
                                (iii) interdisciplinary research centers
                            that are organized to investigate basic
                            research questions, carry out technology
                            development and demonstration activities, and
                            increase understanding of how to scale up
                            engineering biology processes, including
                            biomanufacturing;
                        (B) sustained support for databases and related
                    tools, including--
                                (i) support for curated genomics,
                            epigenomics, and other relevant omics
                            databases, including plant and microbial
                            databases, that are available to researchers to
                            carry out engineering biology research in a
                            manner that does not compromise national
                            security or the privacy or security of
                            information within such databases;
                                (ii) development of standards for such
                            databases, including for curation,
                            interoperability, and protection of privacy and
                            security;
                                (iii) support for the development of
                            computational tools, including artificial
                            intelligence tools, that can accelerate
                            research and innovation using such databases;
                            and
                                (iv) an inventory and assessment of all
                            Federal government omics databases to identify
                            opportunities to improve the utility of such
                            databases, as appropriate and in a manner that
                            does not compromise national security or the
                            privacy and security of information within such
                            databases, and inform investment in such
                            databases as critical infrastructure for the
                            engineering biology research enterprise;
                        (C) sustained support for the development,
                    optimization, and validation of novel tools and
                    technologies to enable the dynamic study of molecular
                    processes in situ, including through--
                                (i) research conducted at Federal
                            laboratories;
                                (ii) grants to fund the work of
                            investigators at institutions of higher
                            education and other nonprofit research
                            institutions;
                                (iii) incentivized development of retooled
                            industrial sites across the country that foster
                            a pivot to modernized engineering biology
                            initiatives; and
                                (iv) awards under the Small Business
                            Innovation Research Program and the Small
                            Business Technology Transfer Program, as
                            described in section 9 of the Small Business
                            Act (15 U.S.C. 638);
                        (D) support for education and training of
                    undergraduate and graduate students in engineering
                    biology, biomanufacturing, bioprocess engineering, and
                    computational science applied to engineering biology
                    and in the related ethical, legal, environmental,
                    safety, security, and other societal domains;
                        (E) activities to develop robust mechanisms for
                    documenting and quantifying the outputs and economic
                    benefits of engineering biology; and
                        (F) activities to accelerate the translation and
                    commercialization of new products, processes, and
                    technologies by--
                                (i) identifying precompetitive research
                            opportunities;
                                (ii) facilitating public-private
                            partnerships in engineering biology research
                            and development;
                                (iii) connecting researchers, graduate
                            students, and postdoctoral fellows with
                            entrepreneurship education and training
                            opportunities; and
                                (iv) supporting proof of concept activities
                            and the formation of startup companies
                            including through programs such as the Small
                            Business Innovation Research Program and the
                            Small Business Technology Transfer Program.
                (3) Expanding participation.--The Initiative shall include,
            to the maximum extent practicable, outreach to primarily
            undergraduate and minority-serving institutions (and
            institutions of higher education with an established STEM
            capacity building program focused on traditionally
            underrepresented populations in STEM, including Native
            Hawaiians, Alaska Natives, and other Indians) about Initiative
            opportunities, and shall encourage the development of research
            collaborations between research-intensive universities and
            primarily undergraduate and minority-serving institutions (and
            institutions of higher education with an established STEM
            capacity building program focused on traditionally
            underrepresented populations in STEM, including Native
            Hawaiians, Alaska Natives, and other Indians).
                (4) Ethical, legal, environmental, safety, security, and
            societal issues.--Initiative activities shall take into account
            ethical, legal, environmental, safety, security, and other
            appropriate societal issues by--
                        (A) supporting research, including in the social
                    sciences, and other activities addressing ethical,
                    legal, environmental, and other appropriate societal
                    issues related to engineering biology, including
                    integrating research on such topics with the research
                    and development in engineering biology, and encouraging
                    the dissemination of the results of such research,
                    including through interdisciplinary engineering biology
                    research centers described in paragraph (2)(A)(iii);
                        (B) supporting research and other activities
                    related to the safety and security implications of
                    engineering biology, including outreach to increase
                    awareness among Federal researchers and Federally-
                    funded researchers at institutions of higher education
                    about potential safety and security implications of
                    engineering biology research, as appropriate;
                        (C) ensuring that input from Federal and non-
                    Federal experts on the ethical, legal, environmental,
                    safety, security, and other appropriate societal issues
                    related to engineering biology is integrated into the
                    Initiative;
                        (D) ensuring, through the agencies and departments
                    that participate in the Initiative, that public input
                    and outreach are integrated into the Initiative by the
                    convening of regular and ongoing public discussions
                    through mechanisms such as workshops, consensus
                    conferences, and educational events, as appropriate;
                    and
                        (E) complying with all applicable provisions of
                    Federal law.
        (e) Initiative Coordination.--
                (1) Interagency committee.--The President, acting through
            the Office of Science and Technology Policy, shall designate an
            interagency committee to coordinate activities of the
            Initiative as appropriate, which shall be co-chaired by the
            Office of Science and Technology Policy, and include
            representatives from the Foundation, the Department of Energy,
            the Department of Defense, the National Aeronautics and Space
            Administration, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
            Administration, the National Institute of Standards and
            Technology, the Environmental Protection Agency, the Department
            of Agriculture, the Department of Health and Human Services,
            the Bureau of Economic Analysis, and any other agency that the
            President considers appropriate (in this section referred to as
            the Interagency Committee). The Director of the Office of
            Science and Technology Policy shall select an additional co-
            chairperson from among the members of the Interagency
            Committee. The Interagency Committee shall oversee the
            planning, management, and coordination of the Initiative. The
            Interagency Committee shall--
                        (A) provide for interagency coordination of Federal
                    engineering biology research, development, and other
                    activities undertaken pursuant to the Initiative;
                        (B) establish and periodically update goals and
                    priorities for the Initiative;
                        (C) develop, not later than 12 months after the
                    date of the enactment of this Act, and update every 3
                    years thereafter, a strategic plan submitted to the
                    Committee on Science, Space, and Technology and the
                    Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of
                    Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science,
                    and Transportation and the Committee on Health,
                    Education, Labor, and Pensions of the Senate that--
                                (i) guides the activities of the Initiative
                            for purposes of meeting the goals and
                            priorities established under (and updated
                            pursuant to) subparagraph (B); and
                                (ii) describes--
                                        (I) the Initiative's support for
                                    long-term funding for interdisciplinary
                                    engineering biology research and
                                    development;
                                        (II) the Initiative's support for
                                    education and public outreach
                                    activities;
                                        (III) the Initiative's support for
                                    research and other activities on
                                    ethical, legal, environmental, safety,
                                    security, and other appropriate
                                    societal issues related to engineering
                                    biology including--
                                                (aa) an applied biorisk
                                            management research plan;
                                                (bb) recommendations for
                                            integrating security into
                                            biological data access and
                                            international reciprocity
                                            agreements;
                                                (cc) recommendations for
                                            manufacturing restructuring to
                                            support engineering biology
                                            research, development, and
                                            scaling-up initiatives; and
                                                (dd) an evaluation of
                                            existing biosecurity governance
                                            policies, guidance, and
                                            directives for the purposes of
                                            creating an adaptable,
                                            evidence-based framework to
                                            respond to emerging biosecurity
                                            challenges created by advances
                                            in engineering biology;
                                        (IV) how the Initiative will
                                    contribute to moving results out of the
                                    laboratory and into application for the
                                    benefit of society and United States
                                    competitiveness; and
                                        (V) how the Initiative will measure
                                    and track the contributions of
                                    engineering biology to United States
                                    economic growth and other societal
                                    indicators;
                        (D) develop a national genomic sequencing strategy
                    to ensure engineering biology research fully leverages
                    plant, animal, and microbe biodiversity, as appropriate
                    and in a manner that does not compromise national
                    security or the privacy or security of human genetic
                    information, to enhance long-term innovation and
                    competitiveness in engineering biology in the United
                    States;
                        (E) develop a plan to utilize Federal programs,
                    such as the Small Business Innovation Research Program
                    and the Small Business Technology Transfer Program as
                    described in section 9 of the Small Business Act (15
                    U.S.C. 638), in support of the activities described in
                    subsection (d)(2)(C); and
                        (F) in carrying out this subsection, take into
                    consideration the recommendations of the advisory
                    committee established under subsection (f), the results
                    of the workshop convened under subsection (d)(4)(D),
                    existing reports on related topics, and the views of
                    academic, State, industry, and other appropriate
                    groups.
                (2) Triennial report.--Beginning with fiscal year 2022 and
            ending in fiscal year 2028, not later than 90 days after
            submission of the President's annual budget request and every
            third fiscal year thereafter, the Interagency Committee shall
            prepare and submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and
            Technology of the House of Representatives and the Committee on
            Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate a report
            that includes--
                        (A) a summarized agency budget in support of the
                    Initiative for the fiscal year to which such budget
                    request applies, for the following 2 fiscal years, for
                    the then current fiscal year, including a breakout of
                    spending for each agency participating in the Program,
                    and for the development and acquisition of any research
                    facilities and instrumentation; and
                        (B) an assessment of how Federal agencies are
                    implementing the plan described in paragraph (1)(C),
                    including--
                                (i) a description of the amount and number
                            of awards made under the Small Business
                            Innovation Research Program and the Small
                            Business Technology Transfer Program (as
                            described in section 9 of the Small Business
                            Act (15 U.S.C. 638)) in support of the
                            Initiative;
                                (ii) a description of the amount and number
                            of projects funded under joint solicitations by
                            a collaboration of no fewer than 2 agencies
                            participating in the Initiative; and
                                (iii) a description of the effect of the
                            newly funded projects by the Initiative.
                (3) Initiative office.--
                        (A) In general.--The President shall establish an
                    Initiative Coordination Office, with a Director and
                    full-time staff, which shall--
                                (i) provide technical and administrative
                            support to the interagency committee and the
                            advisory committee established under subsection
                            (f);
                                (ii) serve as the point of contact on
                            Federal engineering biology activities for
                            government organizations, academia, industry,
                            professional societies, State governments,
                            interested citizen groups, and others to
                            exchange technical and programmatic
                            information;
                                (iii) oversee interagency coordination of
                            the Initiative, including by encouraging and
                            supporting joint agency solicitation and
                            selection of applications for funding of
                            activities under the Initiative, as
                            appropriate;
                                (iv) conduct public outreach, including
                            dissemination of findings and recommendations
                            of the advisory committee established under
                            subsection (f), as appropriate;
                                (v) serve as the coordinator of ethical,
                            legal, environmental, safety, security, and
                            other appropriate societal input; and
                                (vi) promote access to, and early
                            application of, the technologies, innovations,
                            and expertise derived from Initiative
                            activities to agency missions and systems
                            across the Federal Government, and to United
                            States industry, including startup companies.
                        (B) Funding.--The Director of the Office of Science
                    and Technology Policy, in coordination with each
                    participating Federal department and agency, as
                    appropriate, shall develop and annually update an
                    estimate of the funds necessary to carry out the
                    activities of the Initiative Coordination Office and
                    submit such estimate with an agreed summary of
                    contributions from each agency to Congress as part of
                    the President's annual budget request to Congress.
                        (C) Termination.--The Initiative Coordination
                    Office established under this paragraph shall terminate
                    on the date that is 10 years after the date of the
                    enactment of this Act.
                (4) Rule of construction.--Nothing in this subsection shall
            be construed to alter the policies, processes, or practices of
            individual Federal agencies in effect on the day before the
            date of the enactment of this Act relating to the conduct of
            biomedical research and advanced development, including the
            solicitation and review of extramural research proposals.
        (f) Advisory Committee.--
                (1) In general.--The agency co-chair of the interagency
            committee established in subsection (e) shall, in consultation
            with the Office of Science and Technology Policy, designate or
            establish an advisory committee on engineering biology research
            and development (in this subsection referred to as the advisory
            committee) to be composed of not fewer than 12 members,
            including representatives of research and academic
            institutions, industry, and nongovernmental entities, who are
            qualified to provide advice on the Initiative.
                (2) Assessment.--The advisory committee shall assess--
                        (A) the current state of United States
                    competitiveness in engineering biology, including the
                    scope and scale of United States investments in
                    engineering biology research and development in the
                    international context;
                        (B) current market barriers to commercialization of
                    engineering biology products, processes, and tools in
                    the United States;
                        (C) progress made in implementing the Initiative;
                        (D) the need to revise the Initiative;
                        (E) the balance of activities and funding across
                    the Initiative;
                        (F) whether the strategic plan developed or updated
                    by the interagency committee established under
                    subsection (e) is helping to maintain United States
                    leadership in engineering biology;
                        (G) the management, coordination, implementation,
                    and activities of the Initiative; and
                        (H) whether ethical, legal, environmental, safety,
                    security, and other appropriate societal issues are
                    adequately addressed by the Initiative.
                (3) Reports.--Beginning not later than 2 years after the
            date of enactment of this Act, and not less frequently than
            once every 3 years thereafter, the advisory committee shall
            submit to the President, the Committee on Science, Space, and
            Technology of the House of Representatives, and the Committee
            on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate, a
            report on--
                        (A) the findings of the advisory committee's
                    assessment under paragraph (2); and
                        (B) the advisory committee's recommendations for
                    ways to improve the Initiative.
                (4) Application of federal advisory committee act.--Section
            14 of the Federal Advisory Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.) shall
            not apply to the advisory committee.
                (5) Termination.--The advisory committee established under
            paragraph (1) shall terminate on the date that is 10 years
            after the date of the enactment of this Act.
        (g) External Review of Ethical, Legal, Environmental, Safety,
    Security, and Societal Issues.--
                (1) In general.--Not later than 6 months after the date of
            enactment of this Act, the Director shall seek to enter into an
            agreement with the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering,
            and Medicine to conduct a review, and make recommendations with
            respect to, the ethical, legal, environmental, safety,
            security, and other appropriate societal issues related to
            engineering biology research and development. The review shall
            include--
                        (A) an assessment of the current research on such
                    issues;
                        (B) a description of the research gaps relating to
                    such issues;
                        (C) recommendations on how the Initiative can
                    address the research needs identified pursuant to
                    subparagraph (B); and
                        (D) recommendations on how researchers engaged in
                    engineering biology can best incorporate considerations
                    of ethical, legal, environmental, safety, security, and
                    other societal issues into the development of research
                    proposals and the conduct of research.
                (2) Report to congress.--The agreement entered into under
            paragraph (1) shall require the National Academies of Sciences,
            Engineering, and Medicine to, not later than 2 years after the
            date of the enactment of this Act--
                        (A) submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and
                    Technology of the House of Representatives and the
                    Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of
                    the Senate a report containing the findings and
                    recommendations of the review conducted under paragraph
                    (1); and
                        (B) make a copy of such report available on a
                    publicly accessible website.
        (h) Agency Activities.--
                (1) National science foundation.--As part of the
            Initiative, the Foundation shall--
                        (A) support basic research in engineering biology
                    through individual grants, collaborative grants, and
                    through interdisciplinary research centers;
                        (B) support research on the environmental, legal,
                    ethical, and social implications of engineering
                    biology;
                        (C) provide support for research instrumentation
                    for engineering biology disciplines, including support
                    for research, development, optimization and validation
                    of novel technologies to enable the dynamic study of
                    molecular processes in situ;
                        (D) support curriculum development and research
                    experiences for secondary, undergraduate, and graduate
                    students in engineering biology and biomanufacturing;
                    and
                        (E) award grants, on a competitive basis, to enable
                    institutions to support graduate students and
                    postdoctoral fellows who perform some of their
                    engineering biology research in an industry setting.
                (2) Department of commerce.--
                        (A) National institute of standards and
                    technology.--As part of the Initiative, the Director of
                    the National Institute of Standards and Technology
                    shall--
                                (i) establish a bioscience research program
                            to advance the development of standard
                            reference materials and measurements and to
                            create new data tools, techniques, and
                            processes necessary to advance engineering
                            biology and biomanufacturing;
                                (ii) provide access to user facilities with
                            advanced or unique equipment, services,
                            materials, and other resources to industry,
                            institutions of higher education, nonprofit
                            organizations, and government agencies to
                            perform research and testing; and
                                (iii) provide technical expertise to inform
                            the potential development of guidelines or
                            safeguards for new products, processes, and
                            systems of engineering biology.
                        (B) National oceanic and atmospheric
                    administration.--As part of the initiative, the
                    Administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
                    Administration shall--
                                (i) establish a program to conduct and
                            support omics research and associated
                            bioinformatic sciences to increase efficiency
                            and promote a sustainable bioeconomy (blue
                            economy) to develop the next generation of
                            tools and products to improve ecosystem
                            stewardship, monitoring, management,
                            assessments, and forecasts; and
                                (ii) collaborate with other agencies to
                            understand potential environmental threats and
                            safeguards relating to engineering biology.
                (3) Department of energy.--As part of the Initiative, the
            Secretary of Energy shall--
                        (A) conduct and support research, development,
                    demonstration, and commercial application activities in
                    engineering biology, including in the areas of
                    synthetic biology, advanced biofuel development,
                    biobased materials, and environmental remediation;
                        (B) support the development, optimization and
                    validation of novel, scalable tools and technologies to
                    enable the dynamic study of molecular processes in
                    situ; and
                        (C) provide access to user facilities with advanced
                    or unique equipment, services, materials, and other
                    resources, including secure access to high-performance
                    computing, as appropriate, to industry, institutions of
                    higher education, nonprofit organizations, and
                    government agencies to perform research and testing.
                (4) Department of defense.--As part of the Initiative, the
            Secretary of Defense shall--
                        (A) conduct and support research and development in
                    engineering biology and associated data and information
                    sciences;
                        (B) support curriculum development and research
                    experiences in engineering biology and associated data
                    and information sciences across the military education
                    system, to include service academies, professional
                    military education, and military graduate education;
                    and
                        (C) assess risks of potential national security and
                    economic security threats relating to engineering
                    biology.
                (5) National aeronautics and space administration.--As part
            of the Initiative, the National Aeronautics and Space
            Administration shall--
                        (A) conduct and support basic and applied research
                    in engineering biology, including in synthetic biology,
                    and related to Earth and space sciences, aeronautics,
                    space technology, and space exploration and
                    experimentation, consistent with the priorities
                    established in the National Academies' decadal surveys;
                    and
                        (B) award grants, on a competitive basis, that
                    enable institutions to support graduate students and
                    postdoctoral fellows who perform some of their
                    engineering biology research in an industry setting.
                (6) Department of agriculture.--As part of the Initiative,
            the Secretary of Agriculture shall--
                        (A) support research and development in engineering
                    biology, including in synthetic biology and
                    biomaterials;
                        (B) award grants through the National Institute of
                    Food and Agriculture; and
                        (C) support development conducted by the
                    Agricultural Research Service.
                (7) Environmental protection agency.--As part of the
            Initiative, the Environmental Protection Agency shall support
            research on how products, processes, and systems of engineering
            biology will affect or can protect the environment.
                (8) Department of health and human services.--As part of
            the Initiative, the Secretary of Health and Human Services, as
            appropriate and consistent with activities of the Department of
            Health and Human Services in effect on the day before the date
            of the enactment of this Act, shall--
                        (A) support research and development to advance the
                    understanding and application of engineering biology
                    for human health;
                        (B) support relevant interdisciplinary research and
                    coordination; and
                        (C) support activities necessary to facilitate
                    oversight of relevant emerging biotechnologies.
        (i) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this section shall be
    construed to require public disclosure of information that is exempt
    from mandatory disclosure under section 552 of title 5, United States
    Code.

    SEC. 218. MICROGRAVITY UTILIZATION POLICY.

        (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that space
    technology and the utilization of the microgravity environment for
    science, engineering, and technology development is critical to long-
    term competitiveness with near-peer competitors, including China.
        (b) Policy.--To the greatest extent appropriate, the Foundation
    shall facilitate access to the microgravity environment for awardees of
    funding from the Foundation, including in private sector platforms, for
    the development of science, engineering, and technology.
        (c) Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of
    this Act, the Director shall provide to the appropriate committees of
    Congress a report on the Foundation's plan for facilitating awardee
    access to the microgravity environment.

                          TITLE III--RESEARCH SECURITY

    SEC. 301. NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION RESEARCH SECURITY.

        (a) Research Security and Policy Office.--The Director shall
    establish and maintain a research security and policy office within the
    Office of the Director. The functions of the research security and
    policy office shall be to coordinate all research security policy
    issues across the Foundation, including by--
                (1) serving as a resource at the Foundation for all policy
            issues related to the security and integrity of the conduct of
            research supported by the Foundation;
                (2) conducting outreach and education activities for
            awardees on research policies and potential security risks;
                (3) educating Foundation program managers and other staff
            on evaluating Foundation awards and awardees for potential
            security risks;
                (4) communicating reporting and disclosure requirements to
            awardees and applicants for funding;
                (5) consulting and coordinating with the Foundation Office
            of Inspector General and with other Federal science agencies,
            as appropriate, and through the National Science and Technology
            Council in accordance with the authority provided under section
            1746 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year
            2020 (Public Law 116-92; 42 U.S.C. 6601 note), to identify and
            address potential security risks that threaten research
            integrity and other risks to the research enterprise and to
            develop research security policy and best practices;
                (6) performing risk assessments, in consultation, as
            appropriate, with other Federal agencies, of Foundation
            proposals and awards using analytical tools to assess
            nondisclosures of required information that could indicate
            breaches of research integrity or potentially fraudulent
            activity that would be referred to the Foundation Office of
            Inspector General;
                (7) establishing policies and procedures for safeguarding
            sensitive research information and technology, working in
            consultation, as appropriate, with other Federal agencies, to
            ensure compliance with National Security Presidential
            Memorandum-33 (relating to strengthening protections of United
            States Government-supported research and development against
            foreign government interference and exploitation) or a
            successor policy document; and
                (8) in accordance with relevant policies of the agency,
            conducting due diligence with regard to applicants for grant
            funding from the Foundation prior to awarding such funding.
        (b) Chief of Research Security.--The Director shall appoint a
    senior agency official within the Office of the Director as a Chief of
    Research Security, whose primary responsibility is to manage the office
    established in subsection (a).
        (c) Report to Congress.--Not later than 180 days after the date of
    enactment of this Act, the Director shall provide a report on the
    resources and the number of full-time employees needed to carry out the
    functions of the office established in subsection (a) to the Committee
    on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate, the Committee
    on Appropriations of the Senate, the Committee on Science, Space, and
    Technology of the House of Representatives, and the Committee on
    Appropriations of the House of Representatives.
        (d) Online Resource.--The Director shall develop an online resource
    hosted on the Foundation's publicly accessible website containing up-
    to-date information, tailored for institutions of higher education and
    individual researchers, including--
                (1) an explanation of Foundation research security
            policies;
                (2) unclassified guidance on potential security risks that
            threaten research integrity and other risks to the research
            enterprise;
                (3) examples of beneficial international collaborations and
            how such collaborations differ from foreign government
            interference efforts that threaten research integrity;
                (4) best practices for mitigating security risks that
            threaten research integrity; and
                (5) additional reference materials, including tools that
            assist organizations seeking Foundation funding and awardees in
            information disclosure to the Foundation.
        (e) Research Grants.--The Director shall continue to award grants,
    on a competitive basis, to institutions of higher education or
    nonprofit organizations (or consortia of such institutions or
    organizations) to support research on the conduct of research and the
    research environment, including research on research misconduct,
    breaches of research integrity, and detrimental research practices.
        (f) Responsible Conduct in Research Training.--Section 7009 of the
    America Creating Opportunities to Meaningfully Promote Excellence in
    Technology, Education, and Science Act (42 U.S.C. 1862o-1) is amended--
                (1) by striking ``and postdoctoral researchers'' and
            inserting ``postdoctoral researchers, faculty, and other senior
            personnel''; and
                (2) by inserting before the period at the end the
            following: ``, including training and mentorship to raise
            awareness of potential security threats and of Federal export
            control, disclosure, and reporting requirements''.
        (g) Funding.--From any amounts appropriated for the Foundation for
    each of fiscal years 2022 through 2026, the Director shall allocate
    $5,000,000 to carry out this section for each such year.

    SEC. 302. RESEARCH SECURITY AND INTEGRITY INFORMATION SHARING ANALYSIS
                  ORGANIZATION.

        (a) Establishment.--The Director of the Office of Science and
    Technology Policy shall enter into an agreement with a qualified
    independent organization to establish a research security and integrity
    information sharing analysis organization (referred to in this section
    as the RSI-ISAO), which shall include members described in subsection
    (d) and carry out the duties described in subsection (b).
        (b) Duties.--The RSI-ISAO shall--
                (1) serve as a clearinghouse for information to help enable
            the members and other entities in the research community to
            understand the context of their research and identify improper
            or illegal efforts by foreign entities to obtain research
            results, know how, materials, and intellectual property;
                (2) develop a set of standard risk assessment frameworks
            and best practices, relevant to the research community, to
            assess research security risks in different contexts;
                (3) share information concerning security threats and
            lessons learned from protection and response efforts through
            forums and other forms of communication;
                (4) provide timely reports on research security risks to
            provide situational awareness tailored to the research and
            education community;
                (5) provide training and support, including through
            webinars, for relevant faculty and staff employed by
            institutions of higher education on topics relevant to research
            security risks and response;
                (6) enable standardized information gathering and data
            compilation, storage, and analysis for compiled incident
            reports;
                (7) support analysis of patterns of risk and identification
            of bad actors and enhance the ability of members to prevent and
            respond to research security risks; and
                (8) take other appropriate steps to enhance research
            security.
        (c) Funding.--The Foundation may provide initial funds toward the
    RSI-ISAO, but shall seek to have the fees authorized in subsection
    (d)(2) cover the costs of operations at the earliest practicable time.
        (d) Membership.--
                (1) In general.--The RSI-ISAO shall serve and include
            members representing institutions of higher education,
            nonprofit research institutions, and small and medium-sized
            businesses.
                (2) Fees.--As soon as practicable, members of the RS-ISAO
            shall be charged an annual rate to enable the RSI-ISAO to cover
            its costs. Rates shall be set on a sliding scale based on
            research and development spent to ensure that membership is
            accessible to a diverse community of stakeholders and ensure
            broad participation. The RS-ISAO shall develop a plan to
            sustain the RS-ISAO without Federal funding, as practicable.
        (e) Board of Directors.--The RSI-ISAO may establish a board of
    directors to provide guidance for policies, legal issues, and plans and
    strategies of the entity's operations. The board shall include a
    diverse group of stakeholders representing the research community,
    including academia, industry, and experienced research security
    administrators.
        (f) Definition of Institution of Higher Education .--The term
    ``institution of higher education'' has the meaning given the term in
    section 101(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001(a)).

    SEC. 303. FOREIGN GOVERNMENT TALENT RECRUITMENT PROGRAM PROHIBITION.

        (a) Guidance.--Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment
    of this Act, the Director of the Office of Science and Technology
    Policy shall, in coordination with the interagency working group
    established under section 1746 of the National Defense Authorization
    Act for Fiscal Year 2020 (Public Law 116-92; 42 U.S.C. 6601 note),
    publish and widely distribute a uniform set of policy guidelines for
    Federal science agencies regarding foreign government talent
    recruitment programs. These policy guidelines shall--
                (1) prohibit all personnel of each Federal science agency,
            including Federal employees, contract employees, independent
            contractors, individuals serving under the Intergovernmental
            Personnel Act of 1970 (42 U.S.C. 4701 et seq.), Visiting
            Scientist Engineer and Educator appointments, and special
            government employees, from participating in a foreign
            government talent recruitment program;
                (2) prohibit awards from being made for any proposal in
            which the principal investigator, any individual listed on the
            application for the award with direct involvement in the
            proposal, or co-principal investigator is participating in a
            foreign government talent recruitment program of the People's
            Republic of China, the Democratic People's Republic of Korea,
            the Russian Federation, or the Islamic Republic of Iran; and
                (3) to the extent practicable, require institutions
            receiving funding to prohibit awards from being used by any
            individuals participating in a foreign government talent
            recruitment program of the People's Republic of China, the
            Democratic People's Republic of Korea, the Russian Federation,
            or the Islamic Republic of Iran.
        (b) Prohibition.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment
    of this Act, each Federal science agency shall issue a policy,
    utilizing the policy guidelines developed under subsection (a).
        (c) Exemption.--The policy developed under subsection (b) may
    include an exemption for participation in international conferences or
    other international exchanges, partnerships, or programs, as sanctioned
    or approved by the Federal science agency. When such participation is
    authorized, the Federal science agency shall ensure training is
    provided to the participant on how to respond to overtures from
    individuals associated with foreign government talent recruitment
    programs.
        (d) Report.--Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of
    this Act, each Federal science agency shall report to Congress on the
    steps it has taken to implement this section.
        (e) Foreign Government Talent Recruitment Programs.--In addition to
    existing authorities for preventing waste, fraud, abuse, and
    mismanagement of Federal funds, each Federal science agency shall
    require, as a condition of an award, that the senior personnel
    designated by the United States institution applying for Federal
    funding submit foreign government talent recruitment program contracts
    to the agency if the principal investigator or a co-principal
    investigator discloses membership in a foreign government talent
    recruitment program other than a program of the People's Republic of
    China, the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, the Russian
    Federation, or the Islamic Republic of Iran. The United States
    institution, as the award applicant, shall ensure, to the maximum
    extent practicable, that the contract conforms with the Federal science
    agency's guidance on conflicts of interest, including those contained
    in relevant contract proposal and award policies and procedures. Each
    Federal science agency shall review the contract and may prohibit
    funding to the awardee if the obligations in the contract interfere
    with the capacity for activities receiving support to be carried out,
    or create duplication with Federally supported activities.
        (f) Consistency.--The Director of the Office of Science and
    Technology Policy shall ensure that the policies issued by Federal
    science agencies under subsection (b) are consistent to the greatest
    extent practicable.
        (g) Definition.--For purposes of this section and section 304, the
    term ``foreign government talent recruitment program'' has the meaning
    given the term ``foreign government-sponsored talent recruitment
    program'' in National Security Presidential Memorandum-33 (relating to
    strengthening protections of United States Government-supported
    research and development against foreign government interference and
    exploitation) or a successor policy document.

    SEC. 304. ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR DIRECTORATE RESEARCH SECURITY.

        (a) Initiative Required.--The Director shall, in consultation with
    other appropriate Federal agencies, establish an initiative to work
    with institutions of higher education that perform research and
    technology development activities under the Directorate--
                (1) to support protection of intellectual property,
            consistent with the controls relevant to the grant or award,
            key personnel, and information about critical technologies
            relevant to national security;
                (2) to limit undue influence, including through foreign
            government talent recruitment programs, by countries to exploit
            United States technology within the Foundation research,
            science and technology, and innovation enterprise, including
            research funded by the Directorate; and
                (3) to support efforts toward development of domestic
            talent in relevant scientific and engineering fields.
        (b) Coordination.--The initiative established under subsection (a)
    shall be developed and executed to the maximum extent practicable with
    academic research institutions and other educational and research
    organizations.
        (c) Requirements.--The initiative established under subsection (a)
    shall include development of the following:
                (1) Training developed and delivered in consultation with
            institutions of higher education and appropriate Federal
            agencies, and other support to institutions of higher
            education, to promote security of controlled information, as
            appropriate, including best practices for protection of
            controlled information.
                (2) The capacity of institutions of higher education to
            assess whether individuals affiliated with Directorate programs
            have participated in or are currently participating in foreign
            government talent recruitment program programs.
                (3) Opportunities to collaborate with Directorate awardees
            to promote protection of controlled information as appropriate
            and strengthen defense against foreign intelligence services.
                (4) As appropriate, regulations and procedures--
                        (A) for government and academic organizations and
                    personnel to support the goals of the initiative; and
                        (B) that are consistent with policies that protect
                    open and scientific exchange in fundamental research.
                (5) Policies to limit or prohibit funding provided by the
            Foundation for individual researchers who knowingly violate
            regulations developed under the initiative, including policies
            relating to foreign government talent recruitment programs.
                (6) Policies to limit or prohibit funding provided by the
            Foundation for institutions that knowingly violate regulations
            developed under the initiative, including policies relating to
            foreign government talent recruitment programs.
        (d) Department of Defense Efforts.--In carrying out this section,
    the Foundation shall consider the efforts undertaken by the Department
    of Defense to secure defense research, including as provided under
    section 1286 of the John S. McCain National Defense Authorization Act
    for Fiscal Year 2019 (10 U.S.C. 2358 note).
        (e) Annual Report.--
                (1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after date of
            enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter, the Director,
            shall submit to Congress a report on the activities carried out
            under the initiative established under subsection (a).
                (2) Contents.--The report required by paragraph (1) shall
            include the following:
                        (A) A description of the activities conducted and
                    the progress made under the initiative.
                        (B) The findings of the Director with respect to
                    the initiative.
                        (C) Such recommendations as the Director may have
                    for legislative or administrative action relating to
                    the matters described in subsection (a).
                        (D) Identification and discussion of the gaps in
                    legal authorities that need to be improved to enhance
                    the security of research institutions of higher
                    education performing Directorate research.
                        (E) Information on Foundation Inspector General
                    cases, as appropriate, relating to undue influence to
                    security threats to academic research activities funded
                    by the Foundation, including theft of property or
                    intellectual property relating to a project funded by
                    the Department at an institution of higher education.
                (3) Form.--The report submitted under paragraph (1) shall
            be submitted in both unclassified and classified formats, as
            appropriate.

    SEC. 305. PROTECTING RESEARCH FROM CYBER THEFT.

        (a) Improving Cybersecurity of Institutions of Higher Education.--
    Section 2(e)(1)(A) of the National Institute of Standards and
    Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 272(e)(1)(A)) is amended--
                (1) in clause (viii), by striking ``and'' after the
            semicolon;
                (2) by redesignating clause (ix) as clause (x); and
                (3) by inserting after clause (viii) the following:
                                ``(ix) consider institutions of higher
                            education (as defined in section 101 of the
                            Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001));
                            and''.
        (b) Dissemination of Resources for Research Institutions.--
                (1) In general.--Not later than 90 days after the date of
            enactment of this Act, the Director shall, using the
            authorities of the Director under subsection (e)(1)(A)(ix) of
            section 2 of the National Institute of Standards and Technology
            Act (15 U.S.C. 272), as amended by subsection (a), disseminate
            and make publicly available resources to help research
            institutions and institutions of higher education identify,
            protect the institution involved from, detect, respond to, and
            recover to manage the cybersecurity risk of the institution
            involved related to conducting research.
                (2) Requirements.--The Director shall ensure that the
            resources disseminated pursuant to paragraph (1)--
                        (A) are generally applicable and usable by a wide
                    range of research institutions and institutions of
                    higher education;
                        (B) vary with the nature and size of the
                    implementing research institutions or institutions of
                    higher education, and the nature and sensitivity of the
                    data collected or stored on the information systems or
                    devices of the implementing research institutions or
                    institutions of higher education;
                        (C) include elements that promote awareness of
                    simple, basic controls, a workplace cybersecurity
                    culture, and third-party stakeholder relationships, to
                    assist research institutions or institutions of higher
                    education in mitigating common cybersecurity risks;
                        (D) include case studies of practical application;
                        (E) are technology-neutral and can be implemented
                    using technologies that are commercial and off-the-
                    shelf; and
                        (F) to the extent practicable, are based on
                    international standards.
                (3) National cybersecurity awareness and education
            program.--The Director shall ensure that the resources
            disseminated under paragraph (1) are consistent with the
            efforts of the Director under section 303 of the Cybersecurity
            Enhancement Act of 2014 (15 U.S.C. 7443).
                (4) Updates.--The Director shall review periodically and
            update the resources under paragraph (1) as the Director
            determines appropriate.
                (5) Voluntary resources.--The use of the resources
            disseminated under paragraph (1) shall be considered voluntary.
                (6) Other federal cybersecurity requirements.--Nothing in
            this section may be construed to supersede, alter, or otherwise
            affect any cybersecurity requirements applicable to Federal
            agencies.
        (c) Definitions.--In this section:
                (1) Director.--The term ``Director'' means the Director of
            the National Institute of Standards and Technology.
                (2) Resources.--The term ``resources'' means guidelines,
            tools, best practices, standards, methodologies, and other ways
            of providing information.
                (3) Research institution.--The term ``research
            institution''--
                        (A) means a nonprofit institution (as defined in
                    section 4(3) of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology
                    Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3703(3))); and
                        (B) includes Federally funded research and
                    development centers, as identified by the National
                    Science Foundation in accordance with the Federal
                    Acquisition Regulation issued in accordance with
                    section 1303(a)(1) of title 41 (or any successor
                    regulation).

    SEC. 306. INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT.

        (a) Findings.--Congress finds the following:
                (1) Widespread use of standards facilitates technology
            advancement by defining and establishing common foundations for
            interoperability, product differentiation, technological
            innovation, and other value-added services.
                (2) Standards also promote an expanded, more interoperable,
            and efficient marketplace.
                (3) Global cooperation and coordination on standards for
            emerging technologies will be critical for having a consistent
            set of approaches to enable market competition, preclude
            barriers to trade, and allow innovation to flourish.
                (4) The People's Republic of China's Standardization Reform
            Plan and Five-Year Plan for Standardization highlight its high-
            level goals to establish China as a standards power by 2020,
            participate in at least half of all standards drafting and
            revision efforts in recognized international standards setting
            organizations, and strengthen China's participation in the
            governance of international standards setting organizations.
                (5) As emerging technologies develop for global deployment,
            it is critical that the United States and its allies continue
            to participate in the development of standards that underpin
            the technologies themselves, and the future international
            governance of these technologies.
                (6) The United States position on standardization in
            emerging technologies will be critical to United States
            economic competitiveness.
                (7) The National Institute of Standards and Technology is
            in a unique position to strengthen United States leadership in
            standards development, particularly for emerging technologies,
            to ensure continuing United States economic competitiveness and
            national security.
        (b) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
                (1) the principles of openness, transparency, due process,
            and consensus in the development of international standards are
            critical;
                (2) voluntary consensus standards, developed through an
            industry-led process, serve as the cornerstone of the United
            States standardization system and have become the basis of a
            sound national economy and the key to global market access;
                (3) strengthening the unique United States public-private
            partnerships approach to standards development is critical to
            United States economic competitiveness; and
                (4) the United States Government should ensure cooperation
            and coordination across Federal agencies to partner with and
            support private sector stakeholders to continue to shape
            international dialogues in regard to standards development for
            emerging technologies.
        (c) Activities and Engagement.--The Secretary of Commerce, acting
    through the Director, shall--
                (1) build capacity and training opportunities to help
            create a pipeline of talent and leadership in key standards
            development positions;
                (2) partner with private sector entities to support
            strategic engagement and leadership in the development of
            international standards for digital economy technologies,
            including partnering with industry to assist private sector
            partners to develop standards strategies and support engagement
            and participation in the relevant standards activities; and
                (3) prioritize efforts on standards development for
            emerging technologies, identify an organization to develop
            these standards, identify leadership positions of interest to
            the United States, and identify key contributors for technical
            and leadership expertise in these areas.

    SEC. 307. RESEARCH FUNDS ACCOUNTING.

        (a) Definitions.--In this section:
                (1) Foreign entity of concern.--The term ``foreign entity
            of concern'' means a foreign entity that is--
                        (A) designated as a foreign terrorist organization
                    by the Secretary of State under section 219(a) of the
                    Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1189(a));
                        (B) included on the list of specially designated
                    nationals and blocked persons maintained by the Office
                    of Foreign Assets Control of the Department of the
                    Treasury (commonly known as the SDN list);
                        (C) owned by, controlled by, or subject to the
                    jurisdiction or direction of a government of a foreign
                    country that is a covered nation (as defined in section
                    2533c(d) of title 10, United States Code);
                        (D) alleged by the Attorney General to have been
                    involved in activities for which a conviction was
                    obtained under--
                                (i) chapter 37 of title 18, United States
                            Code (commonly known as the Espionage Act);
                                (ii) section 951 or 1030 of title 18,
                            United States Code;
                                (iii) chapter 90 of title 18, United States
                            Code (commonly known as the Economic Espionage
                            Act of 1996);
                                (iv) the Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C.
                            2751 et seq.);
                                (v) section 224, 225, 226, 227, or 236 of
                            the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C. 2274,
                            2275, 2276, 2277, and 2284);
                                (vi) the Export Control Reform Act of 2018
                            (50 U.S.C. 4801 et seq.); or
                                (vii) the International Emergency Economic
                            Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.); or
                        (E) determined by the Secretary of Commerce, in
                    consultation with the Secretary of Defense and the
                    Director of National Intelligence, to be engaged in
                    unauthorized conduct that is detrimental to the
                    national security or foreign policy of the United
                    States.
                (2) Study period.--The term ``study period'' means the 5-
            year period ending on the date of enactment of this Act.
        (b) Study.--The Comptroller General of the United States shall
    conduct a study on Federal funding made available, to foreign entities
    of concern for research, during the study period.
        (c) Matters to Be Included.--The study conducted under subsection
    (b) shall include, to the extent practicable with respect to the study
    period, an assessment of--
                (1) the total amount of Federal funding made available to
            foreign entities of concern for research;
                (2) the total number and types of foreign entities of
            concern to whom such funding was made available;
                (3) the requirements relating to the awarding, tracking,
            and monitoring of such funding;
                (4) any other data available with respect to Federal
            funding made available to foreign entities of concern for
            research; and
                (5) such other matters as the Comptroller General
            determines appropriate.
        (d) Briefing on Available Data.--Not later than 120 days after the
    date of the enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General shall brief
    the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation and the
    Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate and the Committee on
    Science, Space, and Technology and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of
    the House of Representatives on the study conducted under subsection
    (b) and on the data that is available with respect to Federal funding
    made available to foreign entities of concern for research.
        (e) Report.--The Comptroller General shall submit to the
    congressional committees specified in subsection (d), by a date agreed
    upon by the Comptroller General and the committees on the date of the
    briefing, a report on the findings of the study conducted under
    subsection (b).

    SEC. 308. PLAN WITH RESPECT TO SENSITIVE OR CONTROLLED INFORMATION AND
                  BACKGROUND SCREENING.

        Not later than 180 days after the enactment of this Act, the
    Director, in consultation with the Director of National Intelligence
    and, as appropriate, other Federal agencies, shall develop a plan to--
                (1) identify research areas that may include sensitive or
            controlled information, including in the key technology focus
            areas; and
                (2) provide for background screening, as appropriate, for
            individuals working in such research areas who are employees of
            the Foundation or recipients of funding from the Foundation.

                     TITLE IV--REGIONAL INNOVATION CAPACITY

    SEC. 401. REGIONAL TECHNOLOGY HUBS.

        (a) In General.--The Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of
    1980 (Public Law 96-480; 15 U.S.C. 3701 et seq.) is amended--
                (1) by redesignating section 28 as section 29; and
                (2) by inserting after section 27 the following:

    ``SEC. 28. REGIONAL TECHNOLOGY HUB PROGRAM.

        ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
                ``(1) Appropriate committees of congress.--The term
            `appropriate committees of Congress' means--
                        ``(A) the Committee on Commerce, Science, and
                    Transportation, the Committee on Environment and Public
                    Works, and the Committee on Appropriations of the
                    Senate; and
                        ``(B) the Committee on Science, Space, and
                    Technology, the Committee on Transportation and
                    Infrastructure, and the Committee on Appropriations of
                    the House of Representatives.
                ``(2) Cooperative extension.--The term `cooperative
            extension' has the meaning given the term `extension' in
            section 1404 of the Food and Agriculture Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C.
            3103).
                ``(3) Key technology focus areas.--The term `key technology
            focus areas' means the areas included on the most recent list
            under section 5 of the Endless Frontier Act.
                ``(4) Labor organization.--The term `labor organization'
            has the meaning given such term in section 101 of the Endless
            Frontier Act.
                ``(5) Low population state.--The term `low population
            State' means a State without an urbanized area with a
            population greater than 200,000 as reported in the 2010
            decennial census.
                ``(6) Manufacturing extension center.--The term
            `manufacturing extension center' has the meaning given the term
            `Center' in section 25(a) of the National Institute of
            Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k(a)).
                ``(7) Manufacturing usa institute.--The term `Manufacturing
            USA institute' means an Manufacturing USA institute described
            in section 34(d) of the National Institute of Standards and
            Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278s(d)).
                ``(8) Site connectivity infrastructure.--The term `site
            connectivity infrastructure' means localized driveways and
            access roads to a facility as well as hookups to the new
            facility for drinking water, waste water, broadband, and other
            basic infrastructure services already present in the area.
                ``(9) Small and rural communities.--The term `small and
            rural community' means a noncore area, a micropolitan area, or
            a small metropolitan statistical area with a population of not
            more than 200,000.
                ``(10) Venture development organization.--The term `venture
            development organization' has the meaning given such term in
            section 27(a) of the Stevenson-Wydler Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C.
            3722(a)).
        ``(b) Regional Technology Hub Program.--
                ``(1) In general.--Subject to the availability of
            appropriations, the Secretary shall carry out a program--
                        ``(A) to encourage new and constructive
                    collaboration among local, State, and Federal
                    government entities, academia, the private sector,
                    economic development organizations, and labor
                    organizations;
                        ``(B) to support eligible consortia in the creation
                    of regional innovation strategies;
                        ``(C) to designate eligible consortia as regional
                    technology hubs and facilitate activities by consortia
                    designated as regional technology hubs in implementing
                    their regional innovation strategies, in order--
                                ``(i) to enable United States leadership in
                            technology and innovation sectors critical to
                            national and economic security;
                                ``(ii) to support regional economic
                            development, including in small cities and
                            rural areas, and diffuse innovation around the
                            United States; and
                                ``(iii) to support domestic job creation
                            and broad-based economic growth; and
                        ``(D) to ensure that the regional technology hubs
                    address the intersection of emerging technologies and
                    either local and regional challenges or national
                    challenges; and
                        ``(E) to conduct ongoing research, evaluation,
                    analysis, and dissemination of best practices for
                    regional development and competitiveness in technology
                    and innovation.
                ``(2) Awards.--The Secretary shall carry out the program
            required by paragraph (1) through the award of the following:
                        ``(A) Strategy development grants or cooperative
                    agreements to eligible consortia under subsection (e).
                        ``(B) Strategy implementation grants or cooperative
                    agreements to regional technology hubs under subsection
                    (f).
                ``(3) Administration.--The Secretary shall carry out this
            section through the Assistant Secretary of Commerce for
            Economic Development in coordination with the Under Secretary
            of Commerce for Standards and Technology.
        ``(c) Eligible Consortia.--For purposes of this section, an
    eligible consortium is a consortium that--
                ``(1) includes 1 or more--
                        ``(A) institutions of higher education;
                        ``(B) local or Tribal governments or other
                    political subdivisions of a State;
                        ``(C) State governments represented by an agency
                    designated by the governor of the State or States that
                    is representative of the geographic area served by the
                    consortia;
                        ``(D) economic development organizations or similar
                    entities that are focused primarily on improving
                    science, technology, innovation, or entrepreneurship;
                        ``(E) industry or firms in relevant technology or
                    innovation sectors;
                        ``(F) labor organizations or workforce training
                    organizations, including State and local workforce
                    development boards as established under section 101 and
                    107 of the Workforce Investment and Opportunity Act (29
                    U.S.C. 3111; 3122); and
                ``(2) may include 1 or more--
                        ``(A) nonprofit economic development entities with
                    relevant expertise, including a district organization
                    (as defined in section 300.3 of title 13, Code of
                    Federal Regulations, or successor regulation);
                        ``(B) venture development organizations;
                        ``(C) financial institutions and investment funds;
                        ``(D) primary and secondary educational
                    institutions, including career and technical education
                    schools;
                        ``(E) National Laboratories (as defined in section
                    2 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 15801));
                        ``(F) Federal laboratories;
                        ``(G) Manufacturing extension centers;
                        ``(H) Manufacturing USA institutes;
                        ``(I) institutions receiving an award under section
                    104 of the Endless Frontier Act; and
                        ``(J) a cooperative extension.
        ``(d) Designation of Regional Technology Hubs.--
                ``(1) In general.--In carrying out subsection (b)(1)(C),
            the Secretary shall use a competitive process to designate
            eligible consortia as regional technology hubs.
                ``(2) Geographic distribution.--In conducting the
            competitive process under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall
            ensure geographic distribution in the designation of regional
            technology hubs by--
                        ``(A) seeking to designate at least three
                    technology hubs in each region covered by a regional
                    office of the Economic Development Administration;
                        ``(B) focusing on localities that are not leading
                    technology centers;
                        ``(C) ensuring that not fewer than one-third of
                    eligible consortia designated as regional technology
                    hubs significantly benefit a small and rural community,
                    which may include a State described in subparagraph
                    (D);
                        ``(D) ensuring that not fewer than one-third of
                    eligible consortia designated as regional technology
                    hubs include as a member of the eligible consortia at
                    least 1 member that is a State that is eligible to
                    receive funding from the Established Program to
                    Stimulate Competitive Research of the National Science
                    Foundation; and
                        ``(E) ensuring that at least one eligible
                    consortium designated as a regional technology hub is
                    headquartered in a low population State that is
                    eligible to receive funding from the Established
                    Program to Stimulate Competitive Research of the
                    National Science Foundation.
                ``(3) Relation to certain grant awards.--The Secretary
            shall not require an eligible consortium to receive a grant or
            cooperative agreement under subsection (e) in order to be
            designated as a regional technology hub under paragraph (1) of
            this subsection.
        ``(e) Strategy Development Grants and Cooperative Agreements.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall use a competitive
            process to award grants or cooperative agreements to eligible
            consortia for the development of regional innovation
            strategies.
                ``(2) Number of recipients.--The Secretary shall award a
            grant or cooperative agreement under paragraph (1) to not fewer
            than 20 eligible consortia.
                ``(3) Geographic diversity and representation.--
                        ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall carry out
                    paragraph (1) in a manner that ensures geographic
                    diversity and representation from communities of
                    differing populations.
                        ``(B) Awards to small and rural communities.--In
                    carrying out paragraph (1), the Secretary shall--
                                ``(i) award not fewer than one-third of the
                            grants and cooperative agreements under such
                            paragraph to eligible consortia that
                            significantly benefit a small and rural
                            community, which may include a State described
                            in clause (ii); and
                                ``(ii) award not fewer than one-third of
                            the grants and cooperative agreements under
                            such paragraph to eligible consortia that
                            include as a member of the eligible consortia
                            at least 1 member that is a State that is
                            eligible to receive funding from the
                            Established Program to Stimulate Competitive
                            Research of the National Science Foundation.
                ``(4) Use of funds.--The amount of a grant or cooperative
            agreement awarded under paragraph (1) shall be as follows:
                        ``(A) To coordinate locally defined planning
                    processes, across jurisdictions and agencies, relating
                    to developing a comprehensive regional technology
                    strategy.
                        ``(B) To identify regional partnerships for
                    developing and implementing a comprehensive regional
                    technology strategy.
                        ``(C) To conduct or update assessments to determine
                    regional needs.
                        ``(D) To develop or update goals and strategies to
                    implement an existing comprehensive regional plan.
                        ``(E) To identify or implement local zoning and
                    other code changes necessary to implement a
                    comprehensive regional technology strategy.
                ``(5) Federal share.--The Federal share of the cost of an
            effort carried out using a grant or cooperative agreement
            awarded under this subsection may not exceed 80 percent--
                        ``(A) where in-kind contributions may be used for
                    all or part of the non-Federal share, but Federal
                    funding from other Government sources may not count
                    towards the non-Federal share;
                        ``(B) except in the case of an eligible consortium
                    that represents all or part of a small and rural
                    community, the Federal share may be up to 90 percent of
                    the total cost, subject to subparagraph (A); and
                        ``(C) except in the case of an eligible consortium
                    that is led by a Tribal government, the Federal share
                    may be up to 100 percent of the total cost of the
                    project.
        ``(f) Strategy Implementation Grants and Cooperative Agreements.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall use a competitive
            process to award grants or cooperative agreements to regional
            technology hubs for the implementation of regional innovation
            strategies, including regional strategies for infrastructure
            and site development, in support of the regional technology
            hub's plans and programs.
                ``(2) Use of funds.--The amount of a grant or cooperative
            agreement awarded under subparagraph (A) to a regional
            technology hub may be used by the regional technology hub to
            support any of the following activities, consistent with the
            most current regional innovation strategy of the regional
            technology hub:
                        ``(A) Workforce development activities.--Workforce
                    development activities, including activities relating
                    to the following:
                                ``(i) The creation of partnerships between
                            industry, workforce, and academic groups, which
                            may include community colleges, to create and
                            align technical training and educational
                            programs.
                                ``(ii) The design, development, and
                            updating of educational and training
                            curriculum.
                                ``(iii) The procurement of facilities and
                            equipment, as required to train a technical
                            workforce.
                                ``(iv) The development and execution of
                            programs to rapidly award certificates or
                            credentials recognized by regional industry
                            groups.
                                ``(v) The matching of regional employers
                            with a potential new entrant, underemployed, or
                            incumbent workforce.
                                ``(vi) The expansion of successful training
                            programs at a scale required by the region
                            served by the regional technology hub,
                            including through the use of online education.
                        ``(B) Business and entrepreneur development
                    activities.--Business and entrepreneur development
                    activities, including activities relating to the
                    following:
                                ``(i) The development and growth of
                            regional businesses and the training of
                            entrepreneurs.
                                ``(ii) The support of technology
                            commercialization, including funding for
                            activities relevant to the protection of
                            intellectual property.
                                ``(iii) The development of networks for
                            business and entrepreneur mentorship.
                        ``(C) Technology maturation activities.--Technology
                    maturation activities, including activities relating to
                    the following:
                                ``(i) The development and deployment of
                            technologies in sectors critical to the region
                            served by the regional technology hub or to
                            national and economic security, including proof
                            of concept, prototype development, and testing.
                                ``(ii) The provision of facilities for
                            technology maturation, including incubators for
                            collaborative development of technologies by
                            private sector, academic, and other entities.
                                ``(iii) Activities to ensure access to
                            capital for new business formation and business
                            expansion, including by attracting new private,
                            public, and philanthropic investment and by
                            establishing regional venture and loan funds.
                                ``(iv) Activities determined appropriate by
                            the Secretary under section 27(c)(2) of this
                            Act.
                        ``(D) Infrastructure-related activities.--The
                    building of facilities and site connectivity
                    infrastructure necessary to carry out activities
                    described in subparagraphs (A), (B), and (C), including
                    activities relating to the following:
                                ``(i) Establishing a workforce training
                            center with required tools and instrumentation.
                                ``(ii) Establishing a facility for
                            technology development, demonstration, and
                            testing.
                                ``(iii) Establishing collaborative
                            incubators to support technology
                            commercialization and entrepreneur training.
                ``(3) Limitation on amount of awards.--The Secretary shall
            ensure that no single regional technology hub receives more
            than 10 percent of the aggregate amount of the grants and
            cooperative agreements awarded under this subsection.
                ``(4) Term.--
                        ``(A) In general.--The term of a grant or
                    cooperative agreement awarded under this subsection
                    shall be for such period as the Secretary considers
                    appropriate.
                        ``(B) Renewal.--The Secretary may renew a grant or
                    cooperative agreement awarded to a regional technology
                    hub under this subsection as the Secretary considers
                    appropriate if the Secretary determines that the
                    performance of the regional technology hub is
                    satisfactory.
                ``(5) Matching required.--
                        ``(A) In general.--Except in the case of a regional
                    technology hub described in subparagraph (B), the total
                    amount of all grants awarded to a regional technology
                    hub under this subsection in a given year shall not
                    exceed amounts as follows:
                                ``(i) In the first year of the grant or
                            cooperative agreement, 90 percent of the total
                            operating costs of the regional technology hub
                            in that year.
                                ``(ii) In the second year of the grant or
                            cooperative agreement, 85 percent of the total
                            operating costs of the regional technology hub
                            in that year.
                                ``(iii) In the third year of the grant or
                            cooperative agreement, 80 percent of the total
                            operating costs of the regional technology hub
                            in that year.
                                ``(iv) In the fourth year of the grant or
                            cooperative agreement and each year thereafter,
                            75 percent of the total operating costs of the
                            regional technology hub in that year.
                        ``(B) Small and rural communities and indian
                    tribes.--
                                ``(i) In general.--The total Federal
                            financial assistance awarded in a given year to
                            a regional technology hub under this subsection
                            shall not exceed amounts as follows:
                                        ``(I) In the case of a regional
                                    technology hub that represents a small
                                    and rural community, in a fiscal year,
                                    90 percent of the total funding of the
                                    regional technology hub in that fiscal
                                    year.
                                        ``(II) In the case of an regional
                                    technology hub that is led by a Tribal
                                    government, in a fiscal year, 100
                                    percent of the total funding of the
                                    regional technology hub in that fiscal
                                    year.
                                ``(ii) Minimum threshold of rural
                            representation.--For purposes of clause (i)(I),
                            the Secretary shall establish a minimum
                            threshold of rural representation in the
                            regional technology hub.
                        ``(C) In-kind contributions.--For purposes of this
                    paragraph, in-kind contributions may be used for part
                    of the non-Federal share of the total funding of a
                    regional technology hub in a fiscal year.
                ``(6) Grants for infrastructure.--Any grant or cooperative
            agreement awarded under this subsection to support the
            construction of facilities and site connectivity infrastructure
            shall be awarded pursuant to section 201 of the Public Works
            and Economic Development Act of 1965 (42 U.S.C. 3141) and
            subject to the provisions of such Act, except that subsection
            (b) of such section and sections 204 and 301 of such Act (42
            U.S.C. 3144, 3161) shall not apply.
                ``(7) Relation to certain grant awards.--The Secretary
            shall not require a regional technology hub to receive a grant
            or cooperative agreement under subsection (e) in order to
            receive a grant or cooperative agreement under this subsection.
        ``(g) Applications.--An eligible consortium seeking designation as
    a regional technology hub under subsection (d) or a grant or
    cooperative agreement under subsection (e) or (f) shall submit to the
    Secretary an application therefor at such time, in such manner, and
    containing such information as the Secretary may specify.
        ``(h) Considerations for Designation and Award of Strategy
    Development Grants and Cooperative Agreements.--In selecting an
    eligible consortium that submitted an application under subsection (g)
    for designation under subsection (d) or for a grant or cooperative
    agreement under subsection (f), the Secretary shall consider, at a
    minimum, the following:
                ``(1) The potential of the eligible consortium to advance
            the research, development, deployment, and domestic
            manufacturing of technologies in a key technology focus area or
            other technology or innovation sector critical to national and
            economic security.
                ``(2) The likelihood of positive regional economic effect,
            including increasing the number of high wage domestic jobs, and
            creating new economic opportunities for economically
            disadvantaged and underrepresented populations.
                ``(3) How the eligible consortium plans to integrate with
            and leverage the resources of 1 or more federally funded
            research and development centers, National Laboratories,
            Federal laboratories, Manufacturing USA institutes, Hollings
            Manufacturing Extension Partnership centers, university
            technology centers established under section 104 of the Endless
            Frontier Act, the program established under section 107 of the
            such Act, test beds established and operated under section 108
            of such Act, or other Federal research entities.
                ``(4) How the eligible consortium will engage with the
            private sector, including small- and medium-sized businesses to
            commercialize new technologies and improve the resiliency of
            domestic supply chains in a key technology focus area or other
            technology or innovation sector critical to national and
            economic security.
                ``(5) How the eligible consortium will carry out workforce
            development and skills acquisition programming, including
            through partnerships with entities that include State and local
            workforce development boards, institutions of higher education,
            including community colleges, historically Black colleges and
            universities, Tribal colleges and universities, and minority
            serving institutions, labor organizations, and workforce
            development programs, and other related activities authorized
            by the Secretary, to support the development of a key
            technology focus area or other technology or innovation sector
            critical to national and economic security.
                ``(6) How the eligible consortium will improve science,
            technology, engineering, and mathematics education programs in
            the identified region in elementary and secondary school and
            higher education institutions located in the identified region
            to support the development of a key technology focus area or
            other technology or innovation sector critical to national and
            economic security.
                ``(7) How the eligible consortium plans to develop
            partnerships with venture development organizations and sources
            of private investment in support of private sector activity,
            including launching new or expanding existing companies, in a
            key technology focus area or other technology or innovation
            sector critical to national and economic security.
                ``(8) How the eligible consortium plans to organize the
            activities of regional partners across sectors in support of a
            regional technology hub.
                ``(9) How the eligible consortium will ensure that growth
            in technology and innovation sectors produces broadly shared
            opportunity across the identified region, including for
            economic disadvantaged and underrepresented populations and
            rural areas.
                ``(10) The likelihood efforts served by the consortium will
            be sustained once Federal support ends.
                ``(11) How the eligible consortium will--
                        ``(A) enhance the economic, environmental, and
                    energy security of the United States by promoting
                    domestic development, manufacture, and deployment of
                    innovative clean technologies and advanced
                    manufacturing practices; and
                        ``(B) support translational research, technology
                    development, manufacturing innovation, and
                    commercialization activities relating to clean
                    technology.
        ``(i) Coordination and Collaboration.--
                ``(1) Coordination with regional innovation program.--The
            Secretary shall work to ensure the activities under this
            section do not duplicate activities or efforts under section
            27, as the Secretary considers appropriate.
                ``(2) Coordination with programs of the national institute
            of standards and technology.--The Secretary shall coordinate
            the activities of regional technology hubs designated under
            this section, the Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership,
            and the Manufacturing USA Program, as the Secretary considers
            appropriate, to maintain the effectiveness of a manufacturing
            extension center or a Manufacturing USA institute.
                ``(3) Coordination with department of energy programs.--The
            Secretary shall, in collaboration with the Secretary of Energy,
            coordinate the activities and selection of regional technology
            hubs designated under this section, as the Secretaries consider
            appropriate, to maintain the effectiveness of activities at the
            Department of Energy and the National Laboratories.
                ``(4) Interagency collaboration.--In designating regional
            technology hubs under subsection (d) and awarding grants or
            cooperative agreements under subsection (f), the Secretary--
                        ``(A) shall collaborate, to the extent possible,
                    with the interagency working group established under
                    section 4 of the Endless Frontier Act;
                        ``(B) shall collaborate with Federal departments
                    and agencies whose missions contribute to the goals of
                    the regional technology hub;
                        ``(C) shall consult with the Director of the
                    National Science Foundation for the purpose of ensuring
                    that the regional technology hubs are aligned with
                    relevant science, technology, and engineering
                    expertise; and
                        ``(D) may accept funds from other Federal agencies
                    to support grants, cooperative agreements, and
                    activities under this section.
        ``(j) Performance Measurement, Transparency, and Accountability.--
                ``(1) Metrics, standards, and assessment.--For each grant
            and cooperative agreement awarded under subsection (f) for a
            regional technology hub, the Secretary shall--
                        ``(A) develop metrics, which may include metrics
                    relating to domestic job creation, patent awards, and
                    business formation and expansion, to assess the
                    effectiveness of the activities funded in making
                    progress toward the purposes set forth under subsection
                    (b)(1);
                        ``(B) establish standards for the performance of
                    the regional technology hub that are based on the
                    metrics developed under subparagraph (A); and
                        ``(C) 4 years after the initial award under
                    subsection (f) and every 2 years thereafter until
                    Federal financial assistance under this section for the
                    regional technology hub is discontinued, conduct an
                    assessment of the regional technology hub to confirm
                    whether the performance of the regional technology hub
                    is meeting the standards for performance established
                    under subparagraph (B) of this paragraph.
                ``(2) Final reports by recipients of strategy
            implementation grants and cooperative agreements.--
                        ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall require each
                    eligible consortium that receives a grant or
                    cooperative agreement under subsection (f) for
                    activities of a regional technology hub, as a condition
                    of receipt of such grant or cooperative agreement, to
                    submit to the Secretary, not later than 120 days after
                    the last day of the term of the grant or cooperative
                    agreement, a report on the activities of the regional
                    technology hub supported by the grant or cooperative
                    agreement.
                        ``(B) Contents of report.--Each report submitted by
                    an eligible consortium under subparagraph (A) shall
                    include the following:
                                ``(i) A detailed description of the
                            activities carried out by the regional
                            technology hub using the grant or cooperative
                            agreement described in subparagraph (A),
                            including the following:
                                        ``(I) A description of each project
                                    the regional technology hub completed
                                    using such grant or cooperative
                                    agreement.
                                        ``(II) An explanation of how each
                                    project described in subclause (I)
                                    achieves a specific goal under this
                                    section in the region of the regional
                                    technology hub with respect to--
                                                ``(aa) the resiliency of a
                                            supply chain;
                                                ``(bb) research,
                                            development, and deployment of
                                            a critical technology;
                                                ``(cc) workforce training
                                            and development;
                                                ``(dd) domestic job
                                            creation; or
                                                ``(ee) entrepreneurship.
                                ``(ii) A discussion of any obstacles
                            encountered by the regional technology hub in
                            the implementation of the regional technology
                            hub and how the regional technology hub
                            overcame those obstacles.
                                ``(iii) An evaluation of the success of the
                            projects of the regional technology hub using
                            the performance standards and measures
                            established under paragraph (1), including an
                            evaluation of the planning process and how the
                            project contributes to carrying out the
                            regional innovation strategy of the regional
                            technology hub.
                                ``(iv) The effectiveness of the regional
                            technology hub in ensuring that, in the region
                            of the regional technology hub, growth in
                            technology and innovation sectors produces
                            broadly shared opportunity across the region,
                            including for economic disadvantaged and
                            underrepresented populations and rural areas.
                                ``(v) Information regarding such other
                            matters as the Secretary may require.
                ``(3) Interim reports by recipients of grants and
            cooperative agreements.--In addition to requiring submittal of
            final reports under paragraph (2)(A), the Secretary may require
            a regional technology hub described in such paragraph to submit
            to the Secretary such interim reports as the Secretary
            considers appropriate.
                ``(4) Annual reports to congress.--Not less frequently than
            once each year, the Secretary shall submit to the appropriate
            committees of Congress an annual report on the results of the
            assessments conducted by the Secretary under paragraph (1)(C)
            during the period covered by the report.
        ``(k) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be
    appropriated to the Secretary, for the period of fiscal years 2022
    through 2026--
                ``(1) $7,540,000,000 to award grants and cooperative
            agreements under subsection (f); and
                ``(2) $460,000,000 to award grants and cooperative
            agreements under subsection (e).''.
        (b) Initial Designations and Awards.--
                (1) Competition required.--Not later than 180 days after
            the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of
            Commerce shall commence a competition under subsection (d)(1)
            of section 28 of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act
            of 1980 (Public Law 96-480), as added by subsection (a).
                (2) Designation and award.--Not later than 1 year after the
            date of the enactment of this Act, if the Secretary has
            received at least 1 application under subsection (g) of such
            section from an eligible consortium whom the Secretary
            considers suitable for designation under subsection (d)(1) of
            such section, the Secretary shall--
                        (A) designate at least 1 regional technology hub
                    under subsection (d)(1) of such section; and
                        (B) award a grant or cooperative agreement under
                    subsection (f)(1) of such section to each regional
                    technology hub designated pursuant to subparagraph (A)
                    of this paragraph.

    SEC. 402. MANUFACTURING USA PROGRAM.

        (a) Definitions.--In this section:
                (1) Historically black college or university.--The term
            ``historically Black college or university'' has the meaning
            given the term ``part B institution'' in section 322 of the
            Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1061)).
                (2) Manufacturing usa institute.--The term ``Manufacturing
            USA institute'' means an institute described in section 34(d)
            of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15
            U.S.C. 278s(d)).
                (3) Manufacturing usa network.--The term ``Manufacturing
            USA Network'' means the network established under section 34(c)
            of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15
            U.S.C. 278s(c)).
                (4) Manufacturing usa program.--The term ``Manufacturing
            USA Program'' means the program established under section
            34(b)(1) of the National Institute of Standards and Technology
            Act (15 U.S.C. 278s(b)(1)).
                (5) Minority-serving institution.--The term ``minority-
            serving institution'' means an eligible institution described
            in section 371(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20
            U.S.C. 1067q(a)).
                (6) National program office.--The term ``National Program
            Office'' means the National Program Office established under
            section 34(h)(1) of the National Institute of Standards and
            Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278s(h)(1)).
                (7) Tribal college or university.--The term ``Tribal
            college or university'' has the meaning given the term in
            section 316(b)(3) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20
            U.S.C. 1059c(b)(3)).
        (b) Authorization of Appropriations to Enhance and Expand
    Manufacturing USA Program and Support Innovation and Growth in Domestic
    Manufacturing.--There is authorized to be appropriated $1,200,000,000
    for the period of fiscal years 2022 through 2026 for the Secretary of
    Commerce, acting through the Director of the National Institute of
    Standards and Technology and in consultation with the Secretary of
    Energy, the Secretary of Defense, and the heads of such other Federal
    agencies as the Secretary of Commerce considers relevant--
                (1) to carry out the Manufacturing USA Program, including
            by awarding financial assistance under section 34(e) of the
            National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C.
            278s(e)) for Manufacturing USA institutes that were in effect
            on the day before the date of the enactment of this Act; and
                (2) to expand such program to support innovation and growth
            in domestic manufacturing.
        (c) Diversity Preferences.--Section 34(e) of the National Institute
    of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278s(e)) is amended by
    adding at the end the following:
                ``(8) Diversity preferences.--In awarding financial
            assistance under paragraph (1) for planning or establishing a
            Manufacturing USA institute, an agency head shall prioritize
            Manufacturing USA institutes that--
                        ``(A) contribute to the geographical diversity of
                    the Manufacturing USA Program;
                        ``(B) are located in an area with a low per capita
                    income; and
                        ``(C) are located in an area with a high proportion
                    of socially disadvantaged residents.''.
        (d) Coordination Between Manufacturing USA Program and Hollings
    Manufacturing Extension Partnership.--The Secretary shall facilitate
    the coordination of the activities of the Manufacturing USA Program and
    the activities of Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership with
    each other to the degree that doing so does not diminish the
    effectiveness of the ongoing activities of a Manufacturing USA
    institute or a Center (as the term is defined in section 25(a) of the
    National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k(a)),
    including Manufacturing USA institutes entering into agreements with a
    Center (as so defined) that the Secretary considers appropriate to
    provide services relating to the mission of the Hollings Manufacturing
    Extension Partnership, including outreach, technical assistance,
    workforce development, and technology transfer and adoption assistance
    to small- and medium-sized manufacturers.
        (e) Advice From the National Manufacturing Advisory Council.--The
    Secretary shall seek advice from the National Manufacturing Advisory
    Council on matters concerning investment in and support of the
    manufacturing workforce within the Manufacturing USA Program, including
    those matters covered under section 404(d)(7).
        (f) Participation of Minority-serving Institutions, Historically
    Black Colleges and Universities, and Tribal Colleges and
    Universities.--
                (1) In general.--The Secretary of Commerce, in consultation
            with the Secretary of Energy, the Secretary of Defense, and the
            heads of such other Federal agencies as the Secretary of
            Commerce considers relevant, shall coordinate with existing and
            new Manufacturing USA institutes to integrate covered entities
            as active members of the Manufacturing USA institutes,
            including through the development of preferences in selection
            criteria for proposals to create new Manufacturing USA
            institutes or renew existing Manufacturing USA institutes that
            are led by a covered entity.
                (2) Covered entities.--For purposes of this subsection, a
            covered entity is--
                        (A) a minority-serving institution;
                        (B) an historically Black college or university;
                        (C) a Tribal college or university; or
                        (D) a minority business enterprise (as defined in
                    section 1400.2 of title 15, Code of Federal
                    Regulations, or successor regulation).
        (g) Department of Commerce Policies to Promote Domestic Production
    of Technologies Developed Under Manufacturing USA Program.--
                (1) Policies.--
                        (A) In general.--Each agency head (as defined in
                    section 34(a) of the National Institute of Standards
                    and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278s(a))) and the
                    Secretary of Defense shall, in consultation with the
                    Secretary of Commerce, establish policies to promote
                    the domestic production of technologies developed by
                    the Manufacturing USA Network.
                        (B) Elements.--The policies developed under
                    subparagraph (A) shall include the following:
                                (i) Measures to partner domestic developers
                            of goods, services, or technologies by
                            Manufacturing USA Network activities with
                            domestic manufacturers and sources of
                            financing.
                                (ii) Measures to develop and provide
                            incentives to promote transfer of intellectual
                            property and goods, services, or technologies
                            developed by Manufacturing USA Network
                            activities to domestic manufacturers.
                                (iii) Measures to assist with supplier
                            scouting and other supply chain development,
                            including the use of the Hollings Manufacturing
                            Extension Partnership to carry out such
                            measures.
                                (iv) A process to review and approve or
                            deny membership in a Manufacturing USA
                            institute by foreign-owned companies,
                            especially from countries of concern, including
                            the People's Republic of China.
                                (v) Measures to prioritize Federal
                            procurement of goods, services, or technologies
                            developed by the Manufacturing USA Network
                            activities from domestic sources, as
                            appropriate.
                        (C) Processes for waivers.--The policies
                    established under this paragraph shall include
                    processes to permit waivers, on a case by case basis,
                    for policies that promote domestic production based on
                    cost, availability, severity of technical and mission
                    requirements, emergency requirements, operational
                    needs, other legal or international treaty obligations,
                    or other factors deemed important to the success of the
                    Manufacturing USA Program.
                (2) Prohibition.--
                        (A) Company defined.--In this paragraph, the term
                    ``company'' has the meaning given such term in section
                    847(a) of the National Defense Authorization Act for
                    Fiscal Year 2020 (Public Law 116-92; 10 U.S.C. 2509
                    note).
                        (B) In general.--A company of the People's Republic
                    of China may not participate in the Manufacturing USA
                    Program or the Manufacturing USA Network without a
                    waiver, as described in paragraph (1)(C).
        (h) Coordination of Manufacturing USA Institutes.--
                (1) In general.--Section 34(h) of the National Institute of
            Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278s(h)) is amended by
            adding at the end the following:
                ``(7) Council for coordination of institutes.--
                        ``(A) Council.--The National Program Office shall
                    establish or designate a council of heads of any
                    Manufacturing USA institute receiving Federal funding
                    at any given time to foster collaboration between
                    Manufacturing USA institutes.
                        ``(B) Meetings.--The council established or
                    designated under subparagraph (A) shall meet not less
                    frequently than twice each year.
                        ``(C) Duties of the council.--The council
                    established under subparagraph (A) shall assist the
                    National Program Office in carrying out the functions
                    of the National Program Office under paragraph (2).''.
                (2) Report required.--Not later than 180 days after the
            date on which the council is established under section
            34(h)(7)(A) of the National Institute of Standards and
            Technology Act, as added by paragraph (1), the council shall
            submit to the National Program Office a report containing
            recommendations for improving inter-network collaboration.
                (3) Submittal to congress.--Not later than 30 days after
            the date on which the report required by paragraph (2) is
            submitted to the National Program Office, the Director of the
            National Institute of Standards and Technology shall submit
            such report to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and
            Transportation of the Senate and the Committee on Science,
            Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives.
        (i) Requirement for National Program Office to Develop Strategies
    for Retaining Domestic Public Benefit After Cease of Federal Funding.--
    Section 34(h)(2)(C) of the National Institute of Standards and
    Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278s(h)(2)(C)) is amended by inserting ``,
    including a strategy for retaining domestic public benefits from
    Manufacturing USA institutes once Federal funding has been
    discontinued'' after ``Program''.
        (j) Modification of Functions of National Program Office to Include
    Development of Industry Credentials.--Section 34(h)(2)(J) of the
    National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C.
    278s(h)(2)(J)) is amended by inserting ``, including the development of
    industry credentials'' after ``activities''.

    SEC. 403. ESTABLISHMENT OF EXPANSION AWARDS PROGRAM IN HOLLINGS
                  MANUFACTURING EXTENSION PARTNERSHIP AND AUTHORIZATION OF
                  APPROPRIATIONS FOR THE PARTNERSHIP.

        (a) Establishment of Expansion Awards Program.--The National
    Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 271 et seq.) is
    amended by inserting after section 25A (15 U.S.C. 278k-1) the
    following:

    ``SEC. 25B. EXPANSION AWARDS PROGRAM.

        ``(a) Definitions.--The terms used in this section have the
    meanings given the terms in section 25.
        ``(b) Establishment.--The Director shall establish, subject to the
    availability of appropriations, within the Hollings Manufacturing
    Extension Partnership under sections 25 and 26 a program of expansion
    awards among participants described in subsection (c) of this section
    for the purposes described in subsection (d) of this section.
        ``(c) Participants.--Participants receiving awards under this
    section shall be Centers, or a consortium of Centers.
        ``(d) Purpose of Awards.--An award under this section shall be made
    for one or more of the following purposes:
                ``(1) To provide worker education, training, development,
            and entrepreneurship training and to connect individuals or
            business with such services offered in their community, which
            may include employee ownership and workforce training,
            connecting manufacturers with career and technical education
            entities, institutions of higher education (including community
            colleges), workforce development boards, State government
            programs for advanced manufacturing, entities (such as public-
            private partnerships) or a collection of entities and
            individuals carrying out an advanced manufacturing forum that
            would serve educationally underrepresented individuals (such as
            underrepresented racial and ethnic minorities), labor
            organizations, and nonprofit job training providers to develop
            and support training and job placement services, apprenticeship
            and online learning platforms, for new and incumbent workers,
            programming to prevent job losses when adopting new
            technologies and processes, and development of employee
            ownership practices.
                ``(2) To mitigate vulnerabilities to cyberattacks,
            including helping to offset the cost of cybersecurity projects
            for small manufacturers.
                ``(3) To expand advanced technology services to small- and
            medium-sized manufacturers, which may include--
                        ``(A) developing technology demonstration
                    laboratories;
                        ``(B) services for the adoption of advanced
                    technologies, including smart manufacturing
                    technologies and practices; and
                        ``(C) establishing partnerships, for the
                    development, demonstration, and deployment of advanced
                    technologies, with--
                                ``(i) national laboratories (as defined in
                            section 2 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42
                            U.S.C. 15801));
                                ``(ii) Federal laboratories;
                                ``(iii) Manufacturing USA institutes (as
                            described in section 402); and
                                ``(iv) institutions of higher education.
                ``(4) To build capabilities across the Hollings
            Manufacturing Extension Partnership for domestic supply chain
            resiliency and optimization, including--
                        ``(A) assessment of domestic manufacturing
                    capabilities, expanded capacity for researching and
                    deploying information on supply chain risk, hidden
                    costs of reliance on offshore suppliers, and other
                    relevant topics; and
                        ``(B) expanded services to provide industry-wide
                    support that assists United States manufacturers with
                    reshoring manufacturing to strengthen the resiliency of
                    domestic supply chains, including in critical
                    technology areas and foundational manufacturing
                    capabilities that are key to domestic manufacturing
                    competitiveness and resiliency, including forming,
                    casting, machining, joining, surface treatment,
                    tooling, and metal or chemical refining.
        ``(e) Reimbursement.--The Director may reimburse Centers for costs
    incurred by the Centers under this section.
        ``(f) Program Contribution.--Recipients of awards under this
    section shall not be required to provide a matching contribution.''.
        (b) Authorization of Appropriations.--
                (1) In general.--There is authorized to be appropriated to
            carry out the Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership
            program under sections 25, 25A, and 26 of the National
            Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k,
            278k-1, and 278l), and section 25B of such Act, as added by
            subsection (a), $480,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2022
            through fiscal year 2026.
                (2) Base funding.--Of the amounts appropriated pursuant to
            the authorization in paragraph (1), $216,000,000 shall be
            available in each fiscal year to carry out the Hollings
            Manufacturing Extension Partnership under sections 25 and 25A
            of such Act (15 U.S.C. 278k and 278k-1), of which $40,000,000
            shall not be subject to cost share requirements under
            subsection (e)(2) of such section: Provided, That the authority
            made available pursuant to this section shall be elective for
            any Manufacturing Extension Partnership Center that also
            receives funding from a State that is conditioned upon the
            application of a Federal cost sharing requirement.
                (3) Expansion award program.--Of the amounts appropriated
            pursuant to the authorization in paragraph (1), $264,000,000
            shall be available each fiscal year to carry out section 25B of
            such Act, as added by subsection (a).

    SEC. 404. NATIONAL MANUFACTURING ADVISORY COUNCIL.

        (a) Definitions.--In this section:
                (1) Advisory council.--The term ``Advisory Council'' means
            the National Manufacturing Advisory Council established under
            subsection (b)(1).
                (2) Appropriate committees of congress.--The term
            ``appropriate committees of Congress'' means--
                        (A) the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and
                    Pensions, the Committee on Commerce, Science, and
                    Transportation, the Committee on Energy and Natural
                    Resources, the Committee on Armed Services, and the
                    Committee on Appropriations of the Senate; and
                        (B) the Committee on Education and Labor, the
                    Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, the
                    Committee on Energy and Commerce, the Committee on
                    Armed Services, and the Committee on Appropriations of
                    the House of Representatives.
                (3) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary
            of Commerce.
        (b) Establishment.--
                (1) In general.--The Secretary, in consultation with the
            Secretary of Labor, the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of
            Energy, and the Secretary of Education, shall establish within
            the Department of Commerce the National Manufacturing Advisory
            Council.
                (2) Purpose.--The purpose of the Advisory Council shall be
            to--
                        (A) provide worker education, training,
                    development, and entrepreneurship training;
                        (B) connect individuals and business with the
                    services described in subparagraph (A) that are offered
                    in the community of the individuals or businesses;
                        (C) coordinate services relating to employee
                    engagement, including employee ownership and workforce
                    training;
                        (D) connect manufacturers with career and technical
                    education entities, institutions of higher education,
                    community colleges, workforce development boards, labor
                    organizations, and nonprofit job training providers to
                    develop and support training and job placement services
                    and apprenticeship and online learning platforms for
                    new and incumbent workers;
                        (E) develop programming to prevent job losses as
                    entities adopt new technologies and processes; and
                        (F) develop best practices for employee ownership.
        (c) Mission.--The mission of the Advisory Council shall be to--
                (1) ensure regular communication between the Federal
            Government and the manufacturing sector in the United States;
                (2) advise the Federal Government regarding policies and
            programs of the Federal Government that affect manufacturing in
            the United States;
                (3) provide a forum for discussing and proposing solutions
            to problems relating to the manufacturing industry in the
            United States; and
                (4) ensure that the United States remains the preeminent
            destination throughout the world for investment in
            manufacturing.
        (d) Duties.--The duties of the Advisory Council shall include--
                (1) meeting not less frequently than every 180 days to
            provide independent advice and recommendations to the Secretary
            regarding issues involving manufacturing in the United States;
                (2) completing specific tasks requested by the Secretary;
                (3) conveying input from key industry, labor, academic,
            defense, governmental, and other stakeholders to aid in the
            development of a national strategic plan for manufacturing in
            the United States;
                (4) monitoring the status of technological developments,
            critical production capacity, skill availability, investment
            patterns, emerging defense needs, and other key indicators of
            manufacturing competitiveness to provide foresight for periodic
            updates to the national strategic plan for manufacturing
            developed under paragraph (3);
                (5) soliciting input from the public and private sectors
            and academia relating to emerging trends in manufacturing, the
            responsiveness of Federal programming with respect to
            manufacturing, and suggestions for areas of increased Federal
            attention with respect to manufacturing;
                (6) monitoring global manufacturing trends and global
            threats to manufacturing sectors in the United States;
                (7) providing advice and recommendations to the Federal
            Government on matters relating to investment in and support of
            the manufacturing workforce relating to--
                        (A) worker participation, including through labor
                    organizations and through other methods determined by
                    the Advisory Council, in the planning for deployment of
                    new technologies across an industry and within
                    workplaces;
                        (B) training and education priorities for the
                    Federal Government and for employers to assist workers
                    in adapting the skills and experiences of those workers
                    to fit the demands of the 21st century economy;
                        (C) innovative suggestions from workers on the
                    development of new technologies and processes and, as
                    appropriate, assessing the impact of those technologies
                    and processes on the workforce and economy of the
                    United States;
                        (D) management practices that lead to worker
                    employment, job quality, worker protection, worker
                    participation and power in decision making, and
                    investment in worker career success;
                        (E) policies and procedures to prioritize diversity
                    and inclusion in the manufacturing and technology
                    workforce by expanding access to job, career
                    advancement, and management opportunities for
                    underrepresented populations; and
                        (F) advice on how to improve access to demand-
                    driven education, training, and re-training for
                    workers, including community and technical colleges,
                    higher education, apprenticeships and work-based
                    learning opportunities;
                (8) with respect to the manufacturing.gov website, or any
            successor thereto, providing input and improvements in order
            to--
                        (A) make that website more user-friendly to enhance
                    the ability of that website to--
                                (i) provide information to manufacturers;
                            and
                                (ii) receive feedback from manufacturers;
                        (B) assist that website in becoming the principal
                    place of interaction between manufacturers in the
                    United States and Federal programs relating to
                    manufacturing; and
                        (C) enable that website to provide assistance to
                    manufacturers relating to--
                                (i) international trade and investment
                            matters;
                                (ii) research and technology development
                            opportunities;
                                (iii) workforce development and training
                            programs and opportunities;
                                (iv) small and medium manufacturer needs;
                            and
                                (v) industrial commons and supply chain
                            needs.
        (e) Membership.--
                (1) In general.--The Advisory Council shall--
                        (A) consist of individuals appointed by the
                    Secretary with a balance of backgrounds, experiences,
                    and viewpoints; and
                        (B) include an equal proportion of individuals with
                    manufacturing experience who represent private
                    industry, academia, and labor organizations.
                (2) Public participation.--The Secretary shall, to the
            maximum extent practicable, accept recommendations from the
            public regarding the appointment of individuals under paragraph
            (1).
                (3) Period of appointment; vacancies.--
                        (A) In general.--Each member of the Advisory
                    Council shall be appointed by the Secretary for a term
                    of 3 years.
                        (B) Renewal.--The Secretary may renew an
                    appointment made under subparagraph (A) not more than 2
                    additional terms
                        (C) Stagger terms.--The Secretary may stagger the
                    terms of the members of the Advisory Council to ensure
                    that the terms of the members expire during different
                    years.
                        (D) Vacancies.--Any member appointed to fill a
                    vacancy on the Advisory Council occurring before the
                    expiration of the term for which the member's
                    predecessor was appointed shall be appointed only for
                    the remainder of that term. A member may serve after
                    the expiration of that term until a successor has been
                    appointed.
        (f) Transfer of Functions.--
                (1) In general.--All functions of the United States
            Manufacturing Council of the International Trade Administration
            of the Department of Commerce, including the personnel, assets,
            and obligations of the United States Manufacturing Council of
            the International Trade Administration of the Department of
            Commerce, as in existence on the day before the date of
            enactment of this Act, shall be transferred to the Advisory
            Council.
                (2) Deeming of name.--Any reference in law, regulation,
            document, paper, or other record of the United States to the
            United States Manufacturing Council of the International Trade
            Administration of the Department of Commerce shall be deemed a
            reference to the Advisory Council.
                (3) Unexpended balances.--Unexpended balances of
            appropriations, authorization, allocations, or other funds
            related to the United States Manufacturing Council of the
            International Trade Administration of the Department of
            Commerce shall be available for use by the Advisory Council for
            the purpose for which the appropriations, authorizations,
            allocations, or other funds were originally made available.
        (g) Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date on which the
    Advisory Council holds the initial meeting of the Advisory Council and
    annually thereafter, the Advisory Council shall submit to the
    appropriate committees of Congress a report containing a detailed
    statement of the advice and recommendations of the Advisory Council
    required under subsection (d)(7).

                             TITLE V--MISCELLANEOUS

    SEC. 501. STRATEGY AND REPORT ON ECONOMIC SECURITY, SCIENCE, RESEARCH,
                  AND INNOVATION TO SUPPORT THE NATIONAL SECURITY STRATEGY.

        (a) National Security Strategy Defined.--In this section, the term
    ``national security strategy'' means the national security strategy
    required by section 108 of the National Security Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C.
    3043).
        (b) Strategy and Report.--
                (1) In general.--Not later than 90 days after the
            transmission of each national security strategy under section
            108(a) of the National Security Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C.
            3043(a)), the Director of the Office of Science and Technology
            Policy shall, in coordination with the National Science and
            Technology Council, the Director of the National Economic
            Council, and the heads of such other relevant Federal agencies
            as the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy
            considers appropriate and in consultation with such
            nongovernmental partners as the Director of the Office of
            Science and Technology Policy considers appropriate--
                        (A) review such strategy, programs, and resources
                    as the Director of the Office of Science and Technology
                    Policy determines pertain to United States national
                    competitiveness in science, research, innovation, and
                    technology transfer, including patenting and licensing,
                    to support the national security strategy;
                        (B) develop or revise a national strategy to
                    improve the national competitiveness of the United
                    States in science, research, and innovation to support
                    the national security strategy; and
                        (C) submit to Congress--
                                (i) a report on the findings of the
                            Director with respect to the review conducted
                            under subparagraph (A); and
                                (ii) the strategy developed or revised
                            under subparagraph (B).
                (2) Termination.--The requirement of paragraph (1) shall
            terminate on the date that is 5 years after the date of the
            enactment of this Act.
        (c) Elements.--
                (1) Report.--Each report submitted under subsection
            (b)(1)(C)(i) shall include the following:
                        (A) An assessment of public and private investment
                    in civilian and military science and technology and its
                    implications for the geostrategic position of the
                    United States.
                        (B) A description of the prioritized economic
                    security interests and objectives, including domestic
                    job creation, of the United States relating to science,
                    research, and innovation and an assessment of how
                    investment in civilian and military science and
                    technology can advance those objectives.
                        (C) An assessment of global trends in science and
                    technology, including potential threats to the
                    leadership of the United States in science and
                    technology.
                        (D) An assessment of the national debt and its
                    implications for the economic and national security of
                    the United States.
                        (E) An assessment of how regional efforts are
                    contributing and could contribute to the innovation
                    capacity of the United States, including programs run
                    by State and local governments.
                        (F) An assessment of--
                                (i) workforce needs for competitiveness in
                            key technology focus areas; and
                                (ii) any efforts needed--
                                        (I) to expand pathways into key
                                    technology focus areas; and
                                        (II) to improve workforce
                                    development and employment systems, as
                                    well as programs and practices to
                                    upskill incumbent workers.
                        (G) An assessment of barriers to competitiveness
                    and barriers to the development and evolution of start-
                    ups, small and mid-sized business entities, and
                    industries.
                        (H) An assessment of the effectiveness of the
                    Federal Government, federally funded research and
                    development centers, and national labs in supporting
                    and promoting technology commercialization and
                    technology transfer, including an assessment of the
                    adequacy of Federal research and development funding in
                    creating new domestic manufacturing growth and job
                    creation across sectors and promoting competitiveness
                    and the development of new technologies.
                        (I) An assessment of manufacturing capacity,
                    logistics, and supply chain dynamics of major export
                    sectors, including access to a skilled workforce,
                    physical infrastructure, and broadband network
                    infrastructure.
                        (J) An assessment of how the Federal Government is
                    increasing the participation of underrepresented
                    populations in science, research, innovation, and
                    manufacturing.
                        (K) An assessment of public-private partnerships in
                    technology commercialization, including--
                                (i) the structure of current technology
                            research and commercialization arrangements
                            with regard to public-private partnerships; and
                                (ii) the extent to which intellectual
                            property developed with Federal funding--
                                        (I) is being used to manufacture in
                                    the United States rather than in other
                                    countries; and
                                        (II) is being used by foreign
                                    business entities that are majority
                                    owned or controlled (as defined in
                                    section 800.208 of title 31, Code of
                                    Federal Regulations, or a successor
                                    regulation), or minority owned greater
                                    than 25 percent by--
                                                (aa) any governmental
                                            organization of the People's
                                            Republic of China; or
                                                (bb) any other entity that
                                            is--

                                                        (AA) known to be
                                                    owned or controlled by
                                                    any governmental
                                                    organization of the
                                                    People's Republic of
                                                    China; or

                                                        (BB) organized
                                                    under, or otherwise
                                                    subject to, the laws of
                                                    the People's Republic
                                                    of China.

                (2) Strategy.--Each strategy submitted under subsection
            (b)(1)(C)(ii) shall include the following:
                        (A) A plan to utilize available tools to address or
                    minimize the leading threats and challenges and to take
                    advantage of the leading opportunities, particularly in
                    regards to key technology focus areas central to
                    international competition, including the following:
                                (i) Specific objectives, tasks, metrics,
                            and milestones for each relevant Federal
                            agency.
                                (ii) Strategic objectives and priorities
                            necessary to maintain the leadership of the
                            United States in science and technology,
                            including near-term, medium-term, and long-term
                            research priorities.
                                (iii) Specific plans to safeguard research
                            and technology funded, as appropriate, in whole
                            or in part, by the Federal Government,
                            including in the key technology focus areas,
                            from theft or exfiltration by foreign entities
                            of concern.
                                (iv) Specific plans to support public and
                            private sector investment in research,
                            technology development, education and workforce
                            development, and domestic manufacturing
                            supportive of the national economic
                            competitiveness of the United States and to
                            foster the use of public-private partnerships.
                                (v) Specific plans to promote
                            sustainability practices and strategies for
                            increasing jobs in the United States.
                                (vi) A description of--
                                        (I) how the strategy submitted
                                    under subsection (b)(1)(C)(ii) supports
                                    the national security strategy; and
                                        (II) how the strategy submitted
                                    under such subsection is integrated and
                                    coordinated with the most recent
                                    national defense strategy under section
                                    113(g) of title 10, United States Code.
                                (vii) A plan to encourage the governments
                            of countries that are allies or partners of the
                            United States to cooperate with the execution
                            of the strategy submitted under subsection
                            (b)(1)(C)(ii), where appropriate.
                                (viii) A plan for how the United States
                            should develop local and regional capacity for
                            building innovation ecosystems across the
                            Nation by providing Federal support.
                                (ix) A plan for strengthening the
                            industrial base of the United States.
                                (x) A plan to remove or update overly
                            burdensome or outdated Federal regulations as
                            appropriate.
                                (xi) A plan--
                                        (I) to further incentivize industry
                                    participation in public-private
                                    partnerships for the purposes of
                                    accelerating technology research and
                                    commercialization, including alternate
                                    ways of accounting for in-kind
                                    contributions and value of partially
                                    manufactured products;
                                        (II) to ensure that intellectual
                                    property developed with Federal funding
                                    is commercialized in the United States;
                                    and
                                        (III) to ensure, to the maximum
                                    appropriate extent, that intellectual
                                    property developed with Federal funding
                                    is not being used by foreign business
                                    entities that are majority owned or
                                    controlled (as defined in section
                                    800.208 of title 31, Code of Federal
                                    Regulations, or a successor
                                    regulation), or minority owned greater
                                    than 25 percent by--
                                                (aa) any governmental
                                            organization of the People's
                                            Republic of China; or
                                                (bb) any other entity that
                                            is--

                                                        (AA) known to be
                                                    owned or controlled by
                                                    any governmental
                                                    organization of the
                                                    People's Republic of
                                                    China; or

                                                        (BB) organized
                                                    under, or otherwise
                                                    subject to, the laws of
                                                    the People's Republic
                                                    of China.

                                (xii) An identification of additional
                            resources, administrative action, or
                            legislative action recommended to assist with
                            the implementation of such strategy.
        (d) Research and Development Funding.--The Director of the Office
    of Science and Technology Policy shall, as the Director considers
    necessary, consult with the Director of the Office of Management and
    Budget and with the heads of such other elements of the Executive
    Office of the President as the Director of the Office of Science and
    Technology Policy considers appropriate to ensure that the
    recommendations and priorities with respect to research and development
    funding as expressed in the most recent report and strategy submitted
    under subsection (b)(1)(C) are incorporated into the development of
    annual budget requests for Federal research agencies.
        (e) Publication.--The Director of the Office of Science and
    Technology Policy shall, consistent with the protection of national
    security and other sensitive matters and otherwise to the maximum
    extent practicable, make each report submitted under subsection
    (b)(1)(C)(i) publicly available on an internet website of the Office of
    Science and Technology Policy. The report may include a classified
    annex if the working group determines appropriate.

    SEC. 502. PERSON OR ENTITY OF CONCERN PROHIBITION.

        No person published on the list under section 1237(b) of the Strom
    Thurmond National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1999
    (Public Law 105-261; 50 U.S.C. 1701 note) or entity identified under
    section 1260H of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense
    Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public Law 116-283) may receive
    or participate in any grant, award, program, support, or other activity
    under--
                (1) the Directorate established in section 102;
                (2) the supply chain resiliency program under section 504;
                (3) section 28(b)(1) of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology
            Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3701 et seq.), as added by
            section 401(a); or
                (4) the Manufacturing USA Program, as improved and expanded
            under section 402.

    SEC. 503. STUDY ON EMERGING SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY CHALLENGES FACED BY
                  THE UNITED STATES AND RECOMMENDATIONS TO ADDRESS THEM.

        (a) Short Title.--This section may be cited as the ``National
    Strategy to Ensure American Leadership Act of 2021'' or the ``National
    SEAL Act of 2021''.
        (b) Study.--
                (1) In general.--The Secretary of Commerce shall seek to
            enter into an agreement with the National Academies of
            Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to conduct a study--
                        (A) to identify the 10 most critical emerging
                    science and technology challenges facing the United
                    States; and
                        (B) to develop recommendations for legislative or
                    administrative action to ensure United States
                    leadership in matters relating to such challenges.
                (2) Elements.--The study conducted under paragraph (1)
            shall include identification, review, and evaluation of the
            following:
                        (A) Matters pertinent to identification of the
                    challenges described in paragraph (1)(A).
                        (B) Matters relating to the recommendations
                    developed under paragraph (1)(B), including with
                    respect to education and workforce development
                    necessary to address each of the challenges identified
                    under paragraph (1)(A).
                        (C) Matters related to the review of key technology
                    focus areas by the Director of the National Science
                    Foundation under section 5.
                        (D) An assessment of the current relative balance
                    in leadership in addressing the challenges identified
                    in paragraph (1)(A) between the United States, allies
                    or key partners of the United States, and the People's
                    Republic of China.
                (3) Timeframe.--
                        (A) Agreement.--The Secretary of Commerce shall
                    seek to enter into the agreement required by paragraph
                    (1) on or before the date that is 60 days after the
                    date of enactment of this Act.
                        (B) Findings.--Under an agreement entered into
                    under paragraph (1), the National Academies of
                    Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine shall, not later
                    than 1 year after the date on which the Secretary of
                    Commerce and the National Academies enter into such
                    agreement, transmit to the Secretary of Commerce the
                    findings of the National Academies with respect to the
                    study conducted pursuant to such agreement.
        (c) Report.--
                (1) In general.--Not later than 30 days after the date on
            which the Secretary of Commerce receives the findings of the
            National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine with
            respect to the study conducted under subsection (b), the
            Secretary of Commerce shall submit to Congress a ``Strategy to
            Ensure American Leadership'' report on such study.
                (2) Contents.--The report submitted under paragraph (1)
            shall include the following:
                        (A) The findings of the National Academies of
                    Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine with respect to the
                    study conducted under subsection (b).
                        (B) The conclusions of the Secretary of Commerce
                    with respect to such findings.
                        (C) The recommendations developed under subsection
                    (b)(1)(B).
                        (D) Such other recommendations for legislative or
                    administrative action as the Secretary of Commerce may
                    have with respect to such findings and conclusions.
                (3) Classified annex.--The report submitted under paragraph
            (1) shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may include a
            classified annex if the Secretary of Commerce determines
            appropriate.
        (d) Information From Federal Agencies.--
                (1) In general.--The National Academies of Sciences,
            Engineering, and Medicine may secure directly from a Federal
            department or agency such information as the National Academies
            of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine consider necessary to
            carry out the study under subsection (b).
                (2) Furnishing information.--On request of the National
            Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine for
            information, the head of the department or agency shall furnish
            such information to the National Academies of Sciences,
            Engineering, and Medicine.
        (e) Consultation.--The Secretary of Defense and the Director of
    National Intelligence shall provide support upon request from the
    Secretary of Commerce or the National Academies to carry out this
    section.
        (f) Non-duplication of Effort.--In carrying out subsection (b), the
    Secretary of Commerce shall, to the degree practicable, coordinate with
    the steering committee established under section 236(a) of the William
    M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year
    2021 (Public Law 116-283).

    SEC. 504. REPORT ON GLOBAL SEMICONDUCTOR SHORTAGE.

        Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the
    Comptroller General of the United States shall submit to Congress a
    report on the global semiconductor supply shortage and the impact of
    that shortage on manufacturing in the United States.

    SEC. 505. SUPPLY CHAIN RESILIENCY PROGRAM.

        (a) Definitions.--In this section:
                (1) Critical industry.--The term ``critical industry''
            means an industry identified under subsection (f)(1)(A)(i).
                (2) Critical infrastructure.--The term ``critical
            infrastructure'' has the meaning given the term in the Critical
            Infrastructures Protection Act of 2001 (42 U.S.C. 5195c).
                (3) Labor organization.--The term ``labor organization''
            has the meaning given the term in section 101.
                (4) Program.--The term ``program'' means the supply chain
            resiliency and crisis response program established under
            subsection (b).
                (5) Resilient supply chain.--The term ``resilient supply
            chain'' means a supply chain that--
                        (A) ensures that the United States can sustain
                    critical industry production, supply chains, services,
                    and access to critical goods and services during supply
                    chain shocks, including pandemic and biological
                    threats, cyberattacks, extreme weather events,
                    terrorist and geopolitical attacks, great power
                    conflicts, and other threats to the national security
                    of the United States; and
                        (B) has key components of resilience that include--
                                (i) effective private sector risk
                            management and mitigation planning to sustain
                            critical supply chains and supplier networks
                            during a supply chain shock;
                                (ii) minimized or managed exposure to
                            supply chain shocks; and
                                (iii) the financial and operational
                            capacity to--
                                        (I) sustain critical industry
                                    supply chains during shocks; and
                                        (II) recover from supply chain
                                    shocks.
                (6) Relevant committees of congress.--The term ``relevant
            committees of Congress'' means--
                        (A) the Committee on Commerce, Science, and
                    Transportation of the Senate;
                        (B) the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate;
                        (C) the Committee on Finance of the Senate;
                        (D) the Committee on Homeland Security and
                    Governmental Affairs of the Senate;
                        (E) the Committee on Armed Services of the Senate;
                        (F) the Select Committee on Intelligence of the
                    Senate;
                        (G) the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology
                    of the House of Representatives;
                        (H) the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the
                    House of Representatives;
                        (I) the Committee on Appropriations of the House of
                    Representatives;
                        (J) the Committee on Ways and Means of the House of
                    Representatives;
                        (K) the Committee on Homeland Security of the House
                    of Representatives;
                        (L) the Committee on Armed Services of the House of
                    Representatives; and
                        (M) the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence
                    of the House of Representatives.
                (7) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary
            of Commerce.
                (8) Supply chain information.--The term ``supply chain
            information'' means information that is not customarily in the
            public domain and relating to--
                        (A) sustaining and adapting supply chains during a
                    supply chain shock, including pandemic and biological
                    threats, cyberattacks, extreme weather events,
                    terrorist and geopolitical attacks, great power
                    conflict, and other threats to national security;
                        (B) the development of supply chain risk mitigation
                    and recovery planning with respect to a supply chain
                    shock, including any planned or past assessment,
                    projection, or estimate of a vulnerability within the
                    supply chain, including testing, supplier network
                    assessments, production flexibility, risk evaluations
                    thereto, risk management planning, or risk audits; or
                        (C) operational best practices, planning, and
                    supplier partnerships that enable enhanced supply chain
                    resilience during a supply chain shock, including
                    response, repair, recovery, reconstruction, insurance,
                    or continuity.
        (b) Establishment.--The Secretary shall establish in the Department
    of Commerce a supply chain resiliency and crisis response program to
    carry out the activities described in subsection (d).
        (c) Mission.--The mission of the program shall be to--
                (1) help to promote the leadership of the United States
            with respect to critical industries that are essential to the
            mid-term and long-term national security of the United States;
            and
                (2) encourage partnerships between the Federal Government
            and industry, labor organizations, and State, local,
            territorial, and Tribal governments in order to--
                        (A) promote resilient supply chains; and
                        (B) respond to critical industry supply chain
                    shocks.
        (d) Activities.--Under the program, the Secretary, acting through 1
    or more bureaus or other divisions of the Department of Commerce as
    appropriate, shall carry out activities--
                (1) in coordination with the private sector, to--
                        (A) map and monitor critical industry supply
                    chains; and
                        (B) identify high priority supply chain gaps and
                    vulnerabilities in critical industries that--
                                (i) exist as of the date of enactment of
                            this Act; or
                                (ii) are anticipated in the future;
                (2) in coordination with the private sector and State,
            local, territorial, and Tribal governments, and as appropriate,
            in cooperation with the governments of countries that are
            allies or key international partners of the United States, to--
                        (A) identify opportunities to reduce supply chain
                    gaps and vulnerabilities in critical industries;
                        (B) encourage partnerships between the Federal
                    Government and industry, labor organizations, and
                    State, local, territorial, and Tribal governments to
                    better respond to supply chain shocks to critical
                    industries and coordinate response efforts;
                        (C) develop or identify opportunities to build the
                    capacity of the United States, or countries that are
                    allies of the United States, in critical industries;
                    and
                        (D) develop contingency plans and coordination
                    mechanisms to improve critical industry supply chain
                    response to supply chain shocks; and
                (3) acting within existing authorities of the Department of
            Commerce and in coordination with the Secretary of State and
            the United States Trade Representative, to--
                        (A) work with governments of countries that are
                    allies or partners of the United States to promote
                    diversified and resilient supply chains that ensure the
                    supply of critical goods to both the United States and
                    companies of countries that are allies of the United
                    States; and
                        (B) coordinate with other divisions of the
                    Department of Commerce and other Federal agencies to
                    leverage existing authorities, as of the date of
                    enactment of this Act, to encourage resilient supply
                    chains.
        (e) Coordination Group.--In carrying out the activities under
    subsection (d), the Secretary may--
                (1) establish a unified coordination group, which may
            include private sector partners, as appropriate, to serve as
            the primary method for coordinating between and among Federal
            agencies to plan for supply chain shocks;
                (2) establish subgroups of the unified coordination group
            established under paragraph (1) led by the head of an
            appropriate Federal agency;
                (3) through the unified coordination group established
            under paragraph (1)--
                        (A) acquire on a voluntary basis technical,
                    engineering, and operational supply chain information
                    from the private sector, in a manner that ensures any
                    supply chain information provided by the private sector
                    is kept confidential and as required under section 552
                    of title 5, United States Code (commonly known as the
                    ``Freedom of Information Act)'';
                        (B) study the supply chain information acquired
                    under subparagraph (A) to assess critical industry
                    supply chain resilience and inform planning;
                        (C) convene with relevant private sector entities
                    to share best practices, planning, and capabilities to
                    response to potential supply chain shocks; and
                        (D) develop contingency plans and coordination
                    mechanisms to ensure an effective and coordinated
                    response to potential supply chain shocks; and
                (4) enter into agreements with governments of countries
            that are allies or partners of the United States relating to
            enhancing critical industry supply chain security and
            resilience in response to supply chain shocks.
        (f) Report on Supply Chain Resiliency and Domestic Manufacturing.--
                (1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of
            enactment of this Act, and from time to time thereafter, the
            Secretary, in coordination with relevant Federal agencies and
            relevant private sector entities, labor organizations, and
            State, local, territorial, and Tribal governments, shall submit
            to the relevant committees of Congress a review that--
                        (A) identifies--
                                (i) industries that are critical for the
                            national security of the United States,
                            considering the key technology focus areas
                            under this Act and critical infrastructure; and
                                (ii) supplies that are critical to the
                            crisis preparedness of the United States;
                        (B) describes--
                                (i) the manufacturing base and supply
                            chains for critical industries in the United
                            States as of the date of enactment of this Act,
                            including the manufacturing base and supply
                            chains for--
                                        (I) raw materials;
                                        (II) production equipment; and
                                        (III) other goods, including
                                    semiconductors, that are essential to
                                    the production of technologies and
                                    supplies for critical industries; and
                                (ii) the ability of the United States to--
                                        (I) maintain readiness; and
                                        (II) in response to a supply chain
                                    shock--
                                                (aa) surge production in
                                            critical industries; and
                                                (bb) maintain access to
                                            critical goods and services;
                        (C) identifies defense, intelligence, homeland,
                    economic, domestic labor supply, natural, geopolitical,
                    or other contingencies that may disrupt, strain,
                    compromise, or eliminate the supply chain for those
                    critical industries;
                        (D) assesses--
                                (i) the resiliency and capacity of the
                            manufacturing base, supply chains, and
                            workforce of the United States, the allies of
                            the United States, and the partners of the
                            United States that can sustain critical
                            industries through a supply chain shock; and
                                (ii) any single points of failure in the
                            supply chains described in clause (i);
                        (E) assesses the flexible manufacturing capacity
                    and capabilities available in the United States in the
                    case of an emergency;
                        (F) makes specific recommendations to improve the
                    security and resiliency of manufacturing capacity and
                    supply chains for critical industries by--
                                (i) developing long-term strategies;
                                (ii) increasing visibility into the
                            networks and capabilities of suppliers;
                                (iii) identifying industry best practices;
                                (iv) evaluating how diverse supplier
                            networks, multi-platform and multi-region
                            production capabilities and sources, and
                            integrated global and regional supply chains
                            can enhance the resilience of--
                                        (I) critical industries in the
                                    United States;
                                        (II) jobs in the United States;
                                        (III) capabilities of the United
                                    States; and
                                        (IV) the support access of the
                                    United States to needed goods and
                                    services during a supply chain shock;
                                (v) identifying and mitigating risks,
                            including--
                                        (I) the financial and operational
                                    risks of a supply chain after a supply
                                    chain shock;
                                        (II) significant vulnerabilities to
                                    extreme weather events, cyberattacks,
                                    pandemic and biological threats,
                                    terrorist and geopolitical attacks, and
                                    other emergencies; and
                                        (III) exposure to gaps and
                                    vulnerabilities in--
                                                (aa) domestic capacity or
                                            capabilities; and
                                                (bb) sources of imports
                                            needed to sustain critical
                                            industries;
                                (vi) identifying enterprise resource
                            planning systems that are--
                                        (I) compatible across supply chain
                                    tiers; and
                                        (II) affordable for small and
                                    medium-sized businesses;
                                (vii) understanding the total cost of
                            ownership, total value contribution, and other
                            best practices that encourage strategic
                            partnerships throughout supply chains;
                                (viii) understanding Federal procurement
                            opportunities to increase resiliency of supply
                            chains for goods and services and fill gaps in
                            domestic purchasing;
                                (ix) identifying policies that maximize job
                            retention and creation in the United States,
                            including workforce development programs;
                                (x) identifying opportunities to work with
                            allies or key partners of the United States in
                            building more resilient critical industry
                            supply chains and mitigating risks;
                                (xi) identifying areas requiring further
                            investment in research and development or
                            workforce education; and
                                (xii) identifying such other services as
                            the Secretary determines necessary;
                        (G) provides guidance to the Department of
                    Commerce, the National Science Foundation, and other
                    relevant Federal agencies with respect to technologies
                    and supplies that should be prioritized;
                        (H) with respect to countries that are allies or
                    key partners of the United States--
                                (i) reviews and, if appropriate, provides
                            recommendations for expanding the sourcing of
                            goods associated with critical industries from
                            those countries; and
                                (ii) recommends coordination with those
                            countries on--
                                        (I) sourcing critical raw
                                    materials, inputs, and products; and
                                        (II) sustaining production and
                                    availability of critical supplies
                                    during a supply chain shock;
                        (I) monitors and makes recommendations for
                    strengthening the financial and operational health of
                    small and medium-sized businesses in supply chains of
                    the United States and countries that are allies or
                    partners of the United States to mitigate risks and
                    ensure diverse and competitive supplier markets that
                    are less vulnerable to single points of failure; and
                        (J) assessment of policies, rules, and regulations
                    that impact domestic manufacturing operating costs and
                    inhibit the ability for domestic manufacturing to
                    compete with global competitors.
                (2) Prohibition.--The report submitted under paragraph (1)
            may not include--
                        (A) supply chain information that is not
                    aggregated; or
                        (B) confidential business information of a private
                    sector entity.
        (g) Semiconductor Incentives.--
                (1) In general.--The Secretary shall carry out the program
            established under section 9902 of the William M. (Mac)
            Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year
            2021 (Public Law 116-283) as part of the program.
                (2) Technical and conforming amendment.--Section 9902(a)(1)
            of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense
            Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public Law 116-283) is
            amended by striking ``in the Department of Commerce'' and
            inserting ``as part of the program established under section
            504 of the Endless Frontier Act''.
        (h) Report to Congress.--Concurrent with the annual submission by
    the President of the budget under section 1105 of title 31, United
    States Code, the Secretary shall submit to the relevant committees of
    Congress a report that contains a summary of every activity carried out
    under this section during the year covered by the report.
        (i) Coordination.--
                (1) In general.--In implementing the program, the Secretary
            shall, as appropriate coordinate with--
                        (A) the heads of Federal agencies, including--
                                (i) the Secretary of State; and
                                (ii) the United States Trade
                            Representative; and
                        (B) the Attorney General and the Federal Trade
                    Commission with respect to--
                                (i) advice on the design and activities of
                            the unified coordination group described in
                            subsection (e)(1); and
                                (ii) ensuring compliance with Federal
                            antitrust law.
                (2) Specific coordination.--In implementing the program,
            with respect to supply chains involving specific sectors, the
            Secretary shall, as appropriate, coordinate with--
                        (A) the Secretary of Defense;
                        (B) the Secretary of Homeland Security;
                        (C) the Secretary of the Treasury;
                        (D) the Secretary of Energy;
                        (E) the Secretary of Transportation;
                        (F) the Secretary of Agriculture;
                        (G) the Director of National Intelligence; and
                        (H) the heads of other relevant agencies.
        (j) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this section shall be
    construed to require any private entity--
                (1) to share information with the Secretary;
                (2) to request assistance from the Secretary; or
                (3) that requests assistance from the Secretary to
            implement any measure or recommendation suggested by the
            Secretary.
        (k) Protections.--
                (1) In general.--
                        (A) Protections.--Subsections (a)(1), (b), (c), and
                    (d) of section 2224 of the Homeland Security Act of
                    2002 (6 U.S.C. 673) shall apply to the voluntary
                    submission of supply chain information by a private
                    entity under this section in the same manner as those
                    provisions apply to critical infrastructure information
                    voluntarily submitted to a covered agency for an other
                    informational purpose under that subsection if the
                    voluntary submission is accompanied by an express
                    statement described in paragraph (2) of this
                    subsection; and
                        (B) References.--For the purpose of this
                    subsection, with respect to section 2224 of the
                    Homeland Security Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 673)----
                                (i) the express statement described in
                            subsection (a)(1) of that section shall be
                            deemed to refer to the express statement
                            described in paragraph (2) of this subsection;
                                (ii) references in the subsections
                            described in subparagraph (A) to ``this
                            subtitle'' shall be deemed to refer to this
                            section;
                                (iii) the reference to ``protecting
                            critical infrastructure or protected systems''
                            in subsection (a)(1)(E)(iii) of that section
                            shall be deemed to refer to carrying out this
                            section; and
                                (iv) the reference to ``critical
                            infrastructure information'' in subsections (b)
                            and (c) of that section shall be deemed to
                            refer to supply chain information.
                (2) Express statement.--The express statement described in
            this paragraph, with respect to information or records, is--
                        (A) in the case of written information or records,
                    a written marking on the information or records
                    substantially similar to the following: ``This
                    information is voluntarily submitted to the Federal
                    Government in expectation of protection from disclosure
                    as provided by the provisions of section 504 of the
                    Endless Frontier Act.''; or
                        (B) in the case of oral information, a written
                    statement similar to the statement described in
                    subparagraph (A) submitted within a reasonable period
                    following the oral communication.
                (3) Inapplicability to semiconductor incentive program.--
            This subsection shall not apply to the voluntary submission of
            supply chain information by a private entity in an application
            for Federal financial assistance under section 9902 of the
            William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act
            for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public Law 116-283).
        (l) Determination Related to Optical Transmission Equipment.--
                (1) Proceeding.--Not later than 45 days after the date of
            enactment of this Act , the Secretary of Commerce shall
            commence a process to make a determination for purposes of sect
            ion 2 of the Secure and Trusted Communications Networks Act of
            2019 (47 U.S.C. 1601) whether optical transmission equipment
            manufactured, produced, or distributed by an entity owned,
            controlled, or supported by the People's Republic of China
            poses an unacceptable risk to the national security of the
            United States or the security and safety of United States
            persons.
                (2) Communication of determination.--If the Secretary
            determines pursuant to paragraph (1) that such optical
            transmission equipment poses an unacceptable risk consistent
            with that paragraph, the Secretary shall immediately transmit
            that determination to the Federal Communications Commission
            consistent with section 2 of the Secure and Trusted
            Communications Networks Act of 2019 (47 U.S.C. 1601).

    SEC. 506. SEMICONDUCTOR INCENTIVES.

        (a) Definitions.--Section 9901 of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry
    National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public Law
    116-283) is amended--
                (1) by redesignating paragraphs (4), (5), (6), (7), (8),
            and (9) as paragraphs (5), (6), (7), (8), (10), and (11),
            respectively;
                (2) by inserting after paragraph (3) the following:
                ``(4) The term `critical manufacturing industry'--
                        ``(A) means an industry--
                                ``(i) that is assigned a North American
                            Industry Classification System code beginning
                            with 31, 32, or 33; and
                                ``(ii) for which the industry components
                            that are assigned a North American Industry
                            Classification System code beginning with the
                            same 4 digits as the industry--
                                        ``(I) manufacture primary products
                                    and parts, the sum of which account for
                                    not less than 5 percent of the
                                    manufacturing value added by industry
                                    gross domestic product of the United
                                    States; and
                                        ``(II) employ individuals for
                                    primary products and parts
                                    manufacturing activities that,
                                    combined, account for not less than 5
                                    percent of manufacturing employment in
                                    the United States; and
                        ``(B) may include any other manufacturing industry
                    designated by the Secretary based on the relevance of
                    the manufacturing industry to the national and economic
                    security of the United States, including the impacts of
                    job losses.'';
                (3) by inserting after paragraph (8), as so redesignated,
            the following:
                ``(9) The term `mature technology node' has the meaning
            given the term by the Secretary.''.
        (b) Semiconductor Program.--Section 9902 of the William M. (Mac)
    Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021
    (Public Law 116-283) is amended--
                (1) in subsection (a)(2)--
                        (A) in subparagraph (B)(ii)--
                                (i) in subclause (III), by striking ``and''
                            at the end;
                                (ii) in subclause (IV), by striking the
                            period at the end and inserting ``and''; and
                                (iii) by adding at the end the following:
                                        ``(V) determined--
                                                ``(aa) the type of
                                            semiconductor technology the
                                            covered entity will produce at
                                            the facility described in
                                            clause (i); and
                                                ``(bb) the customers to
                                            which the covered entity plans
                                            to sell the semiconductor
                                            technology described in item
                                            (aa).'';
                        (B) in subparagraph (C)--
                                (i) in clause (i)--
                                        (I) in subclause (II), by striking
                                    ``is in the interest of the United
                                    States'' and inserting ``is in the
                                    economic and national security
                                    interests of the United States''; and
                                        (II) in subclause (III), by
                                    striking ``and'' at the end;
                                (ii) in clause (ii)(IV), by striking
                            ``and'' at the end;
                                (iii) by redesignating clause (iii) as
                            clause (iv); and
                                (iv) by inserting after clause (ii) the
                            following:
                                ``(iii) the Secretary shall consider the
                            type of semiconductor technology produced by
                            the covered entity and whether that
                            semiconductor technology advances the economic
                            and national security interests of the United
                            States; and'';
                        (C) by redesignating subparagraph (D) as
                    subparagraph (E); and
                        (D) by inserting after subparagraph (C) the
                    following:
                        ``(D) Priority.--In awarding Federal financial
                    assistance to covered entities under subsection (a),
                    the Secretary shall give priority to ensuring that a
                    covered entity receiving financial assistance will--
                                ``(i) manufacture semiconductors necessary
                            to address gaps and vulnerabilities in the
                            domestic supply chain across a diverse range of
                            technology and process nodes; and
                                ``(ii) provide a secure supply of
                            semiconductors necessary for the national
                            security, manufacturing, critical
                            infrastructure, and technology leadership of
                            the United States and other essential elements
                            of the economy of the United States.''; and
                (2) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(d) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that, in
    carrying out subsection (a), the Secretary should allocate funds in a
    manner that--
                ``(1) strengthens the security and resilience of the
            semiconductor supply chain, including by mitigating gaps and
            vulnerabilities;
                ``(2) provides a supply of secure semiconductors relevant
            for national security;
                ``(3) strengthens the leadership of the United States in
            semiconductor technology;
                ``(4) grows the economy of the United States and supports
            job creation in the United States; and
                ``(5) improves the resiliency of the semiconductor supply
            chains of critical manufacturing industries.
        ``(e) Additional Assistance for Mature Technology Nodes.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall establish within the
            program established under subsection (a) an additional program
            that provides Federal financial assistance to covered entities
            to incentivize investment in facilities and equipment in the
            United States for the fabrication, assembly, testing, or
            advanced packaging of semiconductors at mature technology
            nodes.
                ``(2) Eligibility and requirements.--In order for an entity
            to qualify to receive Federal financial assistance under this
            subsection, the covered entity shall--
                        ``(A) submit an application under subsection
                    (a)(2)(A);
                        ``(B) meet the eligibility requirements under
                    subsection (a)(2)(B);
                        ``(C)(i) provide equipment or materials for the
                    fabrication, assembly, testing, or advanced packaging
                    of semiconductors at mature technology nodes in the
                    United States; or
                        ``(ii) fabricate, assemble using advanced
                    packaging, or test semiconductors at mature technology
                    nodes in the United States;
                        ``(D) commit to using any Federal financial
                    assistance received under this section to increase the
                    production of semiconductors at mature technology
                    nodes; and
                        ``(E) be subject to the considerations described in
                    subsection (a)(2)(C).
                ``(3) Procedures.--In granting Federal financial assistance
            to covered entities under this subsection, the Secretary may
            use the procedures established under subsection (a).
                ``(4) Considerations.--In addition to the considerations
            described in subsection (a)(2)(C), in granting Federal
            financial assistance under this section, the Secretary may
            consider whether a covered entity produces or supplies
            equipment or materials used in the fabrication, assembly,
            testing, or advanced packaging of semiconductors at mature
            technology nodes that are necessary to support a critical
            manufacturing industry.
                ``(5) Priority.--In awarding Federal financial assistance
            to covered entities under this subsection, the Secretary shall
            give priority to covered entities that support the resiliency
            of semiconductor supply chains for critical manufacturing
            industries in the United States.
                ``(6) Authorization of appropriations.--There are
            authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out
            this subsection $2,000,000,000, which shall remain available
            until expended.
        ``(f) Construction Projects.--Section 602 of the Public Works and
    Economic Development Act of 1965 (42 U.S.C. 3212) shall apply to a
    construction project that receives financial assistance from the
    Secretary under this section.''.
        (c) Advanced Microelectronics Research and Development.--Section
    9906 of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization
    Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public Law 116-283) is amended by adding at
    the end the following:
        ``(h) Infrastructure Grants.--Section 602 of the Public Works and
    Economic Development Act of 1965 (42 U.S.C. 3212) shall apply to a
    construction project that receives financial assistance from the
    Secretary under this section.''.

    SEC. 507. RESEARCH INVESTMENT TO SPARK THE ECONOMY ACT.

        (a) Definitions.--In this section:
                (1) Award.--The term ``award'' includes a grant,
            cooperative agreement, or other financial assistance.
                (2) Covid-19 public health emergency.--The term ``COVID-19
            public health emergency'' means the public health emergency
            declared by the Secretary of Health and Human Services under
            section 319 of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 247d)
            on January 31, 2020, with respect to the Coronavirus Disease
            2019 (COVID-19).
                (3) Research institution.--The term ``research
            institution'' means the following:
                        (A) An institution of higher education (as defined
                    in section 101(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965
                    (20 U.S.C. 1001(a))).
                        (B) A Tribal College or University (as defined in
                    section 316 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20
                    U.S.C. 1059c)).
                        (C) A nonprofit entity that conducts Federally
                    funded research.
                (4) Research laboratory.--The term ``Research Laboratory''
            means the following:
                        (A) A National Laboratory (as defined in section 2
                    of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 15801)).
                        (B) A Federally Funded Research and Development
                    Center for purposes of section 35.017 of title 48, Code
                    of Federal Regulations, or a successor regulation.
        (b) Award and Modification of Grants, Cooperative Agreements and
    Other Financial Assistance for Institutions of Higher Education,
    Research Laboratories, and Other Research Institutions to Address
    Matters Relating to Disruption Caused by Covid-19.--
                (1) In general.--Each officer specified in paragraph (2)
            may exercise the authorities described in paragraph (3).
                (2) Officers.--The officers specified in this paragraph are
            as follows:
                        (A) The Secretary of Commerce, acting through the
                    Administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
                    Administration and the Director of the National
                    Institute of Standards and Technology.
                        (B) The Secretary of Agriculture.
                        (C) The Secretary of Defense.
                        (D) The Secretary of Education.
                        (E) The Secretary of Energy, acting for the
                    Department of Energy (with respect to Energy Efficiency
                    and Renewable Energy, Nuclear Energy, and Fossil
                    Research and Development) and through the Office of
                    Science, the Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy
                    (ARPA-E), and the Office of Electricity.
                        (F) The Secretary of Interior, acting through the
                    Director of the United States Geological Survey.
                        (G) The Secretary of Health and Human Services,
                    acting through the Director of the National Institutes
                    of Health.
                        (H) The Secretary of Transportation.
                        (I) The Administrator of the National Aeronautics
                    and Space Administration.
                        (J) The Administrator of the Environmental
                    Protection Agency.
                        (K) The Director of the National Science
                    Foundation.
                (3) Authorities.--The officers specified in paragraph (2)
            may--
                        (A) provide supplemental funding to extend the
                    duration of an award disrupted because of the COVID-19
                    public health emergency to a research institution,
                    Research Laboratory, or individual that was awarded
                    before the date of the enactment of this Act, or to
                    expand the purposes of such an award, in order to--
                                (i) enable a postsecondary student or post-
                            doctoral researcher to complete work;
                                (ii) enable research scientists, technical
                            staff, research associates, and principal
                            investigators to complete work;
                                (iii) extend the training of a
                            postsecondary student, or the employment of a
                            post-doctoral researcher, on an ongoing
                            research project for up to 2 years because of
                            the disruption of the job market;
                                (iv) create research opportunities for up
                            to 2 years for graduate students and post-
                            doctoral researchers;
                                (v) replace, refurbish, or otherwise make
                            usable laboratory animals, reagents, equipment,
                            or other items required for research;
                                (vi) facilitate other research (including
                            field work), training, and ongoing construction
                            activities, including at institutions that are
                            disproportionately affected by the COVID-19
                            public health emergency (such as minority-
                            serving institutions and 2-year institutions of
                            higher education);
                                (vii) enable experimental field campaigns
                            and maintenance of field infrastructure,
                            including through replacement of disrupted
                            experimental data to enable completion of
                            impacted research; and
                                (viii) support training in online course
                            delivery and virtual research experiences that
                            will improve quality and access needed to
                            continue undergraduate, graduate, and post-
                            doctoral training;
                        (B) issue awards to research institutions, Research
                    Laboratories, or other individuals to conduct research
                    on the effects of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 and
                    future potential pandemics, on the effects and
                    effectiveness of responses to such diseases, and on
                    improving the prediction of the possible courses of
                    such pandemics; and
                        (C) provide flexibility on an award for funds made
                    available to an agency, by any prior or subsequent Act,
                    by modifying the terms and conditions of the award with
                    a research institution, Research Laboratory, or
                    individual due to facility closures or other
                    limitations during the COVID-19 public health
                    emergency.
                (4) Modifications.--The modifications authorized by
            paragraph (3)(C) include, but are not limited to--
                        (A) the provision of supplemental funding to extend
                    the duration of the award concerned; and
                        (B) flexibility on the allowable expenses under
                    such award.
        (c) Procedures.--The officers specified in subsection (b)(2) shall
    each establish procedures to carry out subsection (b).
        (d) Expedited Awards.--Awards under subsection (b) shall be issued
    as expeditiously as possible.

    SEC. 508. OFFICE OF MANUFACTURING AND INDUSTRIAL INNOVATION POLICY.

        (a) Findings.--Congress finds the following:
                (1) The general welfare, security, and economic health and
            stability of the United States require a long-term,
            substantial, coordinated, and multidisciplinary strategy and
            implementation of cohesive objectives to remain at the
            forefront of industrial innovation.
                (2) The large and complex innovative and technological
            capabilities of global supply chains and manufacturing
            economies, which influence the course of national and
            international manufacturing and innovative relevance, require
            appropriate attention, including long-range inclusive planning
            and more immediate program development, to encourage and
            support private manufacturing growth in the United States and
            participation in the public decision-making process.
                (3) The innovative and manufacturing capabilities of
            business in the United States, when properly fostered, applied,
            and supported, can effectively assist in improving the quality
            of life for people in the United States, in anticipating and
            addressing emerging international, national, and local
            problems, and strengthening the international economic
            engagement and pioneering leadership of the United States.
                (4) Just as Federal funding for science and technology
            represents an investment in the future, strategically
            addressing gaps in the innovation pipeline of the United States
            would--
                        (A) contribute to converting research and
                    development investments into high-value, quality job-
                    creating product production and capture domestic and
                    global markets; and
                        (B) strengthen the economic posture of the United
                    States.
                (5) The capabilities of the United States at both the
            Federal and State levels need enhanced strategic planning and
            influence over policy formulation for industrial innovation and
            technology development, as well as a means to ensure an
            adequate workforce.
        (b) Sense of Congress.--
                (1) Priority goals.--It is the sense of Congress that
            manufacturing and industrial innovation should include
            contributing to the following priority goals:
                        (A) Taking concrete national action to rebuild,
                    restore, and expand domestic manufacturing
                    capabilities, skills, and production capacity,
                    including world-class infrastructure.
                        (B) Rebuilding the industrial innovation commons,
                    including common resources, technical knowledge, and
                    entrepreneurial opportunities associated with technical
                    concepts.
                        (C) Supporting domestic supply chains.
                        (D) Expanding production capabilities, cooperation,
                    and knowledge.
                        (E) Revitalizing communities harmed by historical
                    and poorly conceived, implemented, and enforced
                    regulatory and trade policies.
                        (F) Developing a strategy for innovation and
                    establishment of manufacturing industries of the
                    future, including adoption and production of Industry
                    4.0 technology to support domestic economic expansion,
                    particularly manufacturers with fewer than 800
                    employees, and in traditionally underserved
                    communities.
                        (G) Contributing to national health and security
                    and emergency readiness and resilience, including
                    addressing environmental concerns.
                        (H) Strengthening the economy of the United States
                    and promoting full employment in high-quality, high-
                    wage jobs through useful industrial and technological
                    innovation.
                        (I) Cultivating, utilizing, and enhancing academic
                    and industrial thought-leadership with practical
                    workforce development and training to the fullest
                    extent possible.
                        (J) Implementing a national strategy that
                    identifies and prioritizes high growth, high value-
                    added industries, products, and components of national
                    importance to the long-term economic, environmental,
                    national security, and public health of the United
                    States.
                (2) National policy.--In view of the findings under
            subsection (a), it is the sense of Congress that the Federal
            Government and public and private institutions in the United
            States should pursue a national policy of manufacturing and
            industrial innovation that includes the following principles:
                        (A) Ensuring global leadership in advanced
                    manufacturing technologies critical to the long-term
                    economic, environmental, and public health of the
                    United States, and to the long-term national security
                    of the United States.
                        (B) Restoring and strengthening the industrial
                    commons of the United States, including--
                                (i) essential engineering and production
                            skills;
                                (ii) infrastructure for research and
                            development, standardization, and metrology;
                                (iii) process innovations and manufacturing
                            know-how;
                                (iv) equipment; and
                                (v) suppliers that provide the foundation
                            for the innovativeness and competitiveness of
                            all manufacturers in the United States.
                        (C) Strengthening the technical, financial, and
                    educational commons and assets necessary to ensure that
                    the United States is the best positioned nation for the
                    creation and production of advanced technologies and
                    products emerging from national research and
                    development investments.
                        (D) Capitalizing on the scientific and
                    technological advances produced by researchers and
                    innovators in the United States by developing capable
                    and responsive institutions focused on advancing the
                    technology and manufacturing readiness levels of those
                    advances.
                        (E) Supporting the discovery, invention, start-up,
                    ramp-up, scale-up, and transition of new products and
                    manufacturing technologies to full-scale production in
                    the United States.
                        (F) Addressing the evolving needs of manufacturers
                    for a diverse set of workers with the necessary skills,
                    training, and expertise as manufacturers in the United
                    States increase high-quality, high-wage employment
                    opportunities.
                        (G) Improving and expanding manufacturing
                    engineering and technology offerings within
                    institutions of higher education, including 4-year
                    engineering technology programs at polytechnic
                    institutes and secondary schools, to be more closely
                    aligned with the needs of manufacturers in the United
                    States and the goal of strengthening the long-term
                    competitiveness of such manufacturing.
                        (H) Working collaboratively with Federal agencies,
                    State and local governments, Tribal governments,
                    regional authorities, institutions of higher education,
                    economic development organizations, and labor
                    organizations that primarily represent workers in
                    manufacturing to leverage their knowledge, resources,
                    applied research, experimental development, and
                    programs to foster manufacturing in the United States
                    so as to anticipate and prepare for emergencies and
                    global, national, and regional supply chain
                    disruptions, including disruptions brought on and
                    exacerbated by changing environmental and other
                    circumstances.
                        (I) Recognizing that, as changing circumstances
                    require the periodic revision and adaptation of this
                    section, Congress is responsible for--
                                (i) identifying and interpreting the
                            changes in those circumstances as they occur;
                            and
                                (ii) affecting subsequent changes to this
                            section, as appropriate.
                        (J) Reforming rules, regulations, and policy, which
                    negatively impact domestic manufacturing.
                (3) Procedures.--It is the sense of Congress that, in order
            to expedite and facilitate the implementation of the national
            policy described in paragraph (2)--
                        (A) Federal procurement policy should--
                                (i) prioritize and encourage domestic
                            manufacturing and robust domestic supply
                            chains;
                                (ii) support means of expanding domestic
                            manufacturing job creation;
                                (iii) enhance manufacturing workforce
                            preparedness;
                                (iv) prioritize the development of means to
                            support diversity and inclusion throughout the
                            manufacturing and industrial sector;
                                (v) promote the consideration of, and
                            support to, minority-owned and women-owned
                            manufacturing contractors of the Federal
                            Government; and
                                (vi) support the ingenuity and
                            entrepreneurship of the United States by
                            providing enhanced attention to manufacturing
                            startups and small businesses in the United
                            States;
                        (B) Federal trade and monetary policies should--
                                (i) ensure that global competition in
                            manufacturing is free, open, and fair;
                                (ii) prioritize policies and investments
                            that support domestic manufacturing growth and
                            innovation; and
                                (iii) not be utilized to offshore poor
                            manufacturing working conditions or destructive
                            manufacturing environmental practices;
                        (C) Federal policies and practices should
                    reasonably prioritize competitiveness for manufacturing
                    and industrial innovation efforts in the United States,
                    but should not sacrifice the quality of employment
                    opportunities, including the health and safety of
                    workers, pay, and benefits;
                        (D) Federal manufacturing and industrial innovation
                    policies, practices, and priorities should reasonably
                    improve environmental sustainability within the
                    manufacturing industry, while minimizing economic
                    impact;
                        (E) Federal patent policies should be developed,
                    based on uniform principles, which have as their
                    objective to preserve incentives for industrial
                    technological innovation and the application of
                    procedures that will continue to assure the full use of
                    beneficial technology to serve the public;
                        (F) Federal efforts should promote and support a
                    strong system of intellectual property rights to
                    include trade secrets, through both protection of
                    intellectual property rights and enforcement against
                    intellectual property theft, and broad engagement to
                    limit foreign efforts to illegally or inappropriately
                    utilize compromised intellectual property;
                        (G) closer relationships should be encouraged among
                    practitioners of scientific and technological research
                    and development and those who apply those foundations
                    to domestic commercial manufacturing;
                        (H) the full use of the contributions of
                    manufacturing and industrial innovation to support
                    State and local government goals should be encouraged;
                        (I) formal recognition should be accorded to those
                    persons, the manufacturing and industrial innovation
                    achievements of which contributed significantly to the
                    national welfare; and
                        (J) departments, agencies, and instrumentalities of
                    the Federal Government should establish procedures to
                    ensure among them the systematic interchange of data,
                    efforts, and findings developed under their programs.
                        (K) policies, rules, and regulations that
                    negatively impact domestic manufacturing should be
                    reformed.
                (4) Implementation.--To implement the national policy
            described in paragraph (2), it is the sense of Congress--
                        (A) that--
                                (i) the Federal Government should maintain
                            integrated policy planning elements in the
                            executive branch that assist agencies in such
                            branch in--
                                        (I) identifying problems and
                                    objectives that could be addressed or
                                    enhanced by public policy;
                                        (II) mobilizing industrial and
                                    innovative manufacturing resources for
                                    national security and emergency
                                    response purposes;
                                        (III) securing appropriate funding
                                    for programs so identified by the
                                    President or the Chief Manufacturing
                                    Officer;
                                        (IV) anticipating future concerns
                                    to which industrial and innovative
                                    manufacturing can contribute and devise
                                    industrial strategies for such
                                    purposes;
                                        (V) reviewing systematically the
                                    manufacturing and industrial innovation
                                    policy and programs of the Federal
                                    Government and recommending legislative
                                    amendments to those policies and
                                    programs when needed; and
                                        (VI) reforming policies, rules, and
                                    regulations that harm domestic
                                    manufacturing and inhibit domestic
                                    manufacturing from competing with
                                    global competitors; and
                                (ii) the elements described in clause (i)
                            should include a data collection, analysis, and
                            advisory mechanism within the Executive Office
                            of the President to provide the President with
                            independent, expert judgment and assessments of
                            the complex manufacturing and industrial
                            features involved; and
                        (B) that it is the responsibility of the Federal
                    Government to--
                                (i) promote prompt, effective, reliable,
                            and systematic dissemination of manufacturing
                            and industrial information--
                                        (I) by such methods as may be
                                    appropriate; and
                                        (II) through efforts conducted by
                                    nongovernmental organizations,
                                    including industrial groups, technical
                                    societies, and educational entities;
                                (ii) coordinate and develop a manufacturing
                            industrial strategy and facilitate the close
                            coupling of this manufacturing strategy with
                            commercial manufacturing application; and
                                (iii) enhance domestic development and
                            utilization of such industrial information by
                            prioritization of efforts with manufacturers,
                            the production of which takes place in the
                            United States.
        (c) Establishment.--
                (1) In general.--The President shall appoint, by and with
            the advice and consent of the Senate, a Chief Manufacturing
            Officer to serve within the Executive Office of the President.
                (2) Office.--
                        (A) In general.--There is established in the
                    Executive Office of the President an Office of
                    Manufacturing and Industrial Innovation Policy
                    (referred to in this section as the ``Office'').
                        (B) Cmo.--The Chief Manufacturing Officer shall--
                                (i) head the Office; and
                                (ii) serve as a source of manufacturing and
                            industrial innovation analysis and judgment for
                            the President and the Director of the National
                            Economic Council with respect to the major
                            policies, plans, and programs of the Federal
                            Government relating to manufacturing and
                            industrial innovation.
        (d) Chief Manufacturing Officer; Associate Manufacturing
    Officers.--
                (1) Chief manufacturing officer.--
                        (A) Functions.--
                                (i) Primary function.--To the extent
                            consistent with law, the Chief Manufacturing
                            Officer shall report to the President, and such
                            agencies within the Executive Office of the
                            President and the Director of the National
                            Economic Council, as may be appropriate, on
                            issues regarding and impacting manufacturing
                            and industrial innovation efforts of the
                            Federal Government, or of the private sector,
                            that require attention at the highest levels of
                            the Federal Government.
                                (ii) Other functions.--The Chief
                            Manufacturing Officer shall--
                                        (I) advise the President on
                                    manufacturing and industrial innovation
                                    considerations relating to areas of
                                    national concern, including--
                                                (aa) the economy of the
                                            United States;
                                                (bb) national security;
                                                (cc) public health;
                                                (dd) the workforce of the
                                            United States;
                                                (ee) education;
                                                (ff) foreign relations
                                            (including trade and supply
                                            chain issues);
                                                (gg) the environment; and
                                                (hh) technological
                                            innovation in the United
                                            States;
                                        (II) convene stakeholders,
                                    including key industry stakeholders,
                                    academic stakeholders, defense
                                    stakeholders, governmental
                                    stakeholders, and stakeholders from
                                    nonprofit organizations and labor
                                    organizations that primarily represent
                                    workers in manufacturing, to develop
                                    the national strategic plan required
                                    under subsection (f);
                                        (III) evaluate the scale, quality,
                                    and effectiveness of the effort of the
                                    Federal Government to support
                                    manufacturing and industrial innovation
                                    by the Federal Government or by the
                                    private sector, and advise on
                                    appropriate actions;
                                        (IV) to the extent consistent with
                                    law, report to the President, the
                                    Director of the National Economic
                                    Council, the Director of the Office of
                                    Management Budget, and such agencies
                                    within the Executive Office of the
                                    President as may be appropriate, advise
                                    the President on the budgets,
                                    regulations, and regulatory reforms of
                                    agencies of the executive branch of the
                                    Federal Government with respect to
                                    issues concerning manufacturing and
                                    industrial innovation;
                                        (V) to the extent consistent with
                                    law, assist the President and the
                                    Director of the National Economic
                                    Council in providing general leadership
                                    and coordination of activities and
                                    policies of the Federal Government
                                    relating to and impacting manufacturing
                                    and industrial innovation; and
                                        (VI) perform such other functions,
                                    duties, and activities as the President
                                    and the Director of the National
                                    Economic Council may assign.
                        (B) Authorities.--In carrying out the duties and
                    functions under this section, the Chief Manufacturing
                    Officer may--
                                (i) appoint such officers and employees as
                            may be determined necessary to perform the
                            functions vested in the position and to
                            prescribe the duties of such officers and
                            employees;
                                (ii) obtain services as authorized under
                            section 3109 of title 5, United States Code, at
                            rates not to exceed the rate prescribed for
                            grade GS-15 of the General Schedule under
                            section 5332 of title 5, United States Code;
                            and
                                (iii) enter into contracts and other
                            arrangements for studies, analysis, and other
                            services with public agencies and with private
                            persons, organizations, or institutions, and
                            make such payments as determined necessary to
                            carry out the provisions of this section
                            without legal consideration, without
                            performance bonds, and without regard to
                            section 6101 of title 41, United States Code.
                (2) Associate directors.--
                        (A) In general.--The Chief Manufacturing Officer
                    may appoint not more than 5 Associate Directors, to be
                    known as Associate Manufacturing Officers to carry out
                    such functions as may be prescribed by the Chief
                    Manufacturing Officer.
                        (B) Compensation.--Each Associate Manufacturing
                    Officer shall be compensated at a rate not to exceed
                    that provided for level III of the Executive Schedule
                    under section 5314 title 5, United States Code.
        (e) Policy Planning, Analysis, and Advice.--
                (1) In general.--In carrying out the provisions of this
            section, the Chief Manufacturing Officer shall--
                        (A) monitor the status of technological
                    developments, critical production capacity, skill
                    availability, investment patterns, emerging defense
                    needs, and other key indicators of manufacturing
                    competitiveness to--
                                (i) provide foresight for periodic updates
                            to the national strategic plan required under
                            subsection (f); and
                                (ii) guide investment decisions;
                        (B) convene interagency and public-private working
                    groups to align Federal policies that drive
                    implementation of the national strategic plan required
                    under subsection (f);
                        (C) initiate and support translation research in
                    engineering and manufacturing by entering into
                    contracts or making other arrangements (including
                    grants, awards, cooperative agreements, loans, and
                    other forms of assistance) to study that research and
                    to assess the impact of that research on the economic
                    well-being, climate and environmental impact, public
                    health, and national security of the United States;
                        (D) report to the President and the Director of the
                    National Economic Council on the extent to which the
                    various programs, policies, and activities of the
                    Federal Government are likely to affect the achievement
                    of priority goals of the United States described in
                    subsection (b)(1);
                        (E) annually survey the nature and needs of the
                    policies relating to national manufacturing and
                    industrial innovation and make recommendations to the
                    President and the Director of the National Economic
                    Council, for review and submission to Congress, for the
                    timely and appropriate revision of the manufacturing
                    and industrial innovation policies of the Federal
                    Government, including the reform of policies, rules,
                    and regulations that harm domestic manufacturing and
                    inhibit the ability for domestic manufacturing to
                    compete with global competitors;
                        (F) perform such other duties and functions and
                    make and furnish such studies and reports thereon, and
                    recommendations with respect to matters of policy and
                    legislation as the President and the Director of the
                    National Economic Council may request; and
                        (G) coordinate, as appropriate, Federal permitting
                    with respect to manufacturing and industrial
                    innovation.
                (2) Intergovernmental manufacturing and industrial
            innovation panel.--
                        (A) Establishment.--The Chief Manufacturing Officer
                    shall establish an Intergovernmental Manufacturing and
                    Industrial Innovation Panel (referred to in this
                    section as the ``Panel'') within the Office, the
                    purpose of which shall be to--
                                (i) identify instances in which the
                            policies of the Federal Government--
                                        (I) with respect to manufacturing
                                    and industrial innovation can help
                                    address problems at the State and local
                                    levels; and
                                        (II) unnecessarily impede
                                    manufacturing and industrial
                                    innovation;
                                (ii) make recommendations for addressing
                            the problems described in clause (i); and
                                (iii) advise and assist the Chief
                            Manufacturing Officer in identifying and
                            fostering policies to facilitate the
                            application to and incorporation of federally
                            funded research and development into
                            manufacturing and industrial innovation in the
                            United States, so as to maximize the
                            application of such research.
                        (B) Composition.--The Panel shall be composed of--
                                (i) the Chief Manufacturing Officer, or a
                            representative of the Chief Manufacturing
                            Officer;
                                (ii) not fewer than 10 members representing
                            the interests of the States, appointed by the
                            Chief Manufacturing Officer after consultation
                            with State officials;
                                (iii) the Director of the National
                            Institute of Standards and Technology;
                                (iv) the Deputy Assistant Secretary of
                            Defense for Manufacturing and Industrial Base
                            Policy;
                                (v) the Assistant Secretary of Labor for
                            Employment and Training;
                                (vi) the Administrator of the Small
                            Business Administration; and
                                (vii) the Assistant Secretary of Energy for
                            Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy.
                        (C) Chair.--The Chief Manufacturing Officer, or the
                    representative of the Chief Manufacturing Officer,
                    shall serve as Chair of the Panel.
                        (D) Meetings.--The Panel shall meet at the call of
                    the Chair.
                        (E) Compensation.--
                                (i) In general.--Each member of the Panel
                            shall be entitled to receive compensation at a
                            rate not to exceed the daily rate prescribed
                            for GS-15 of the General Schedule under section
                            5332 of title 5, United States Code, for each
                            day (including travel time) during which the
                            member is engaged in the performance of the
                            duties of the Panel.
                                (ii) Travel expenses.--Each member of the
                            Panel who is serving away from the home or
                            regular place of business of the member in the
                            performance of the duties of the Panel shall be
                            allowed travel expenses, including per diem in
                            lieu of subsistence, in the same manner as the
                            expenses authorized by section 5703(b) of title
                            5, United States Code, for persons in
                            government service employed intermittently.
        (f) National Strategic Plan for Manufacturing and Industrial
    Innovation.--
                (1) Strategic plan.--
                        (A) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the
                    date of enactment of this Act, the Chief Manufacturing
                    Officer, in coordination with the Director of the
                    National Economic Council, shall, to the extent
                    practicable, in accordance with subsection
                    (d)(1)(A)(ii) and in consultation with other agencies
                    and private individuals as the Chief Manufacturing
                    Officer determines necessary, establish a national
                    strategic plan for manufacturing and industrial
                    innovation that identifies--
                                (i) short-term, medium-term, and long-term
                            needs critical to the economy, national
                            security, public health, workforce readiness,
                            environmental concerns, and priorities of the
                            United States manufacturing sector, including
                            emergency readiness and resilience; and
                                (ii) situations and conditions that warrant
                            special attention by the Federal Government
                            relating to--
                                        (I) any problems, constraints, or
                                    opportunities of manufacturing and
                                    industrial innovation that--
                                                (aa) are of national
                                            significance;
                                                (bb) will occur or may
                                            emerge during the 4-year period
                                            beginning on the date on which
                                            the national strategic plan is
                                            established; and
                                                (cc) are identified through
                                            basic research;
                                        (II) an evaluation of activities
                                    and accomplishments of all agencies in
                                    the executive branch of the Federal
                                    Government that are related to carrying
                                    out such plan;
                                        (III) opportunities for, and
                                    constraints on, manufacturing and
                                    industrial innovation that can make a
                                    significant contribution to--
                                                (aa) the resolution of
                                            problems identified under this
                                            paragraph; or
                                                (bb) the achievement of
                                            Federal program objectives or
                                            priority goals, including those
                                            described in subsection (b)(1);
                                            and
                                        (IV) recommendations for proposals
                                    to carry out such plan.
                        (B) Revisions.--Not later than 4 years after the
                    date on which the national strategic plan is
                    established under subparagraph (A), and every 4 years
                    thereafter, the Chief Manufacturing Officer, in
                    coordination with the Director of the National Economic
                    Council, shall revise that plan so that the plan takes
                    account of near- and long-term problems, constraints,
                    and opportunities and changing national goals and
                    circumstances.
                (2) Consultation with other agencies.--The Chief
            Manufacturing Officer shall consult, as necessary, with
            officials of agencies in the executive branch of the Federal
            Government that administer programs or have responsibilities
            relating to the problems, constraints, and opportunities
            identified in the national strategic plan under paragraph (1)
            in order to--
                        (A) identify and evaluate actions that might be
                    taken by the Federal Government, State, and local
                    governments, or the private sector to deal with such
                    problems, constraints, or opportunities; and
                        (B) ensure to the extent possible that actions
                    identified under subparagraph (A) are considered by
                    each agency of the executive branch of the Federal
                    Government in formulating proposals of each such
                    agency.
                (3) Consultation with manufacturing stakeholders.--The
            Chief Manufacturing Officer shall consult broadly with
            representatives from stakeholder constituencies, including from
            technology fields, engineering fields, manufacturing fields,
            academic fields, worker training or credentialing programs,
            industrial sectors, business sectors, consumer sectors, defense
            sector, public interest sectors, and labor organizations which
            primarily represent workers in manufacturing to ensure
            information and perspectives from such consultations are
            incorporated within the problems, constraints, opportunities,
            and actions identified in the national strategic plan under
            paragraph (1).
                (4) Consultation with omb.--The Chief Manufacturing Officer
            shall consult as necessary with officials of the Office of
            Management and Budget and other appropriate elements of the
            Executive Office of the President to ensure that the problems,
            constraints, opportunities, and actions identified under
            paragraph (1) are fully considered in the development of
            legislative proposals and the President's budget.
        (g) Additional Functions of the Chief Manufacturing Officer;
    Administrative Provisions.--
                (1) In general.--The Chief Manufacturing Officer, in
            addition to the other duties and functions under this section,
            shall serve--
                        (A) on the Federal Strategy and Coordinating
                    Council on Manufacturing and Industrial Innovation
                    established under subsection (j); and
                        (B) as a member of the Domestic Policy Council, the
                    National Economic Council, and the Office of Science
                    and Technology Policy Council.
                (2) Advice to national security council.--For the purpose
            of ensuring the optimal contribution of manufacturing and
            industrial innovation to the national security of the United
            States, the Chief Manufacturing Officer, at the request of the
            President, shall advise the National Security Council in such
            matters concerning manufacturing and industrial innovation as
            may be related to national security.
                (3) Coordination with other organizations.--
                        (A) In general.--In exercising the functions under
                    this section, the Chief Manufacturing Officer--
                                (i) shall--
                                        (I) work in close consultation and
                                    cooperation with the Director of the
                                    Domestic Policy Council, the National
                                    Security Advisor, the Assistant to the
                                    President for Economic Policy and
                                    Director of the National Economic
                                    Council, the Director of the Office of
                                    Science and Technology Policy, the
                                    Director of the Office of Management
                                    and Budget, and the heads of other
                                    agencies in the executive branch of the
                                    Federal Government;
                                        (II) utilize the services of
                                    consultants, establish such advisory
                                    panels, and, to the extent practicable,
                                    consult with--
                                                (aa) State and local
                                            government agencies;
                                                (bb) appropriate
                                            professional groups;
                                                (cc) representatives of
                                            industry, universities,
                                            consumers, labor organizations
                                            that primarily represent
                                            workers in manufacturing; and
                                                (dd) such other public
                                            interest groups, organizations,
                                            and individuals as may be
                                            necessary;
                                        (III) hold such hearings in various
                                    parts of the United States as necessary
                                    to determine the views of the agencies,
                                    groups, and organizations described in
                                    subparagraph (B), and of the general
                                    public, concerning national needs and
                                    trends in manufacturing and industrial
                                    innovation; and
                                        (IV) utilize, with the heads of
                                    public and private agencies and
                                    organizes, to the fullest extent
                                    possible the services, personnel,
                                    equipment, facilities, and information
                                    (including statistical information) of
                                    public and private agencies and
                                    organizations, and individuals, in
                                    order to avoid the duplication of
                                    efforts and expenses; and
                                (ii) may transfer funds made available
                            pursuant to this section to other agencies in
                            the executive branch of the Federal Government
                            as reimbursement for the utilization of such
                            personnel, services, facilities, equipment, and
                            information.
                        (B) Furnishment of information.--Each department,
                    agency, and instrumentality of the executive branch of
                    the Federal Government, including any independent
                    agency, shall furnish the Chief Manufacturing Officer
                    such information as necessary to carry out this
                    section.
        (h) Manufacturing and Industrial Innovation Report.--
                (1) Report.--Not later than 3 years after the date of
            enactment of this Act, and every 4 years thereafter, the Chief
            Manufacturing Officer, in consultation with the Director of the
            National Economic Council, shall submit to Congress a
            Manufacturing and Industrial Innovation Report (referred to in
            this section as the ``report'') with appropriate assistance
            from agencies in the executive branch of the Federal Government
            and such consultants and contractors as the Chief Manufacturing
            Officer determines necessary.
                (2) Contents of report.--Each report required under
            paragraph (1) shall draw upon the most recent national
            strategic plan established under subsection (f) and shall
            include, to the extent practicable and within the limitations
            of available knowledge and resources--
                        (A) a review of developments of national
                    significance in manufacturing and industrial
                    innovation;
                        (B) the significant effects of trends at the time
                    of the submission of the report and projected trends in
                    manufacturing and industrial innovation on the economy,
                    workforce, and environmental, health and national
                    security, and other requirements of the United States;
                        (C) a review and appraisal of selected
                    manufacturing and industrial innovation related
                    programs, policies, and activities of the Federal
                    Government, including procurement;
                        (D) an inventory and forecast of critical and
                    emerging national problems, the resolution of which
                    might be substantially assisted by manufacturing and
                    industrial innovation in the United States;
                        (E) the identification and assessment of
                    manufacturing and industrial innovation measures that
                    can contribute to the resolution of the problems
                    described in subparagraph (D) in light of the related
                    economic, workforce, environmental, public health, and
                    national security considerations;
                        (F) at the time of the submission of the report,
                    and as projected, the manufacturing and industrial
                    resources, including specialized manpower, that could
                    contribute to the resolution of the problems described
                    in subparagraph (D); and
                        (G) recommendations for legislation and regulatory
                    changes on manufacturing and industrial innovation-
                    related programs and policies that will contribute to
                    the resolution of the problems described in
                    subparagraph (D).
                (3) Preparation of report.--In preparing each report
            required under paragraph (1), the Chief Manufacturing Officer
            shall make maximum use of relevant data available from agencies
            in the executive branch of the Federal Government.
                (4) Public availability of report.--The Chief Manufacturing
            Officer shall ensure that the report is made available to the
            public.
        (i) Comptroller General Report.--Not later than 3 years after the
    date of enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of the United
    States shall submit to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and
    Transportation of the Senate, the Committee on Appropriations of the
    Senate, the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of
    Representatives, the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of
    Representatives, and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of
    Representatives, and make available to the public, a report--
                (1) containing an assessment of the efforts of the Office
            to implement or advance the priority goals described in
            subsection (b)(1); and
                (2) providing recommendations on how to improve the efforts
            described in paragraph (1).
        (j) Federal Strategy and Coordinating Council on Manufacturing and
    Industrial Innovation.--There is established in the executive branch of
    the Federal Government the Federal Strategy and Coordinating Council on
    Manufacturing and Industrial Innovation (referred to in this section as
    the ``Council'').
                (1) Membership.--
                        (A) In general.--The Council shall be composed of
                    the following:
                                (i) The President, who shall serve as Chair
                            of the Council.
                                (ii) The Vice President.
                                (iii) The Secretary of Commerce.
                                (iv) The Secretary of Defense.
                                (v) The Secretary of Education.
                                (vi) The Secretary of Energy.
                                (vii) The Secretary of Health and Human
                            Services.
                                (viii) The Secretary of Housing and Urban
                            Development.
                                (ix) The Secretary of Labor.
                                (x) The Secretary of State.
                                (xi) The Secretary of Transportation.
                                (xii) The Secretary of the Treasury.
                                (xiii) The Secretary of Veterans Affairs.
                                (xiv) The Administrator of the
                            Environmental Protection Agency.
                                (xv) The Administrator of the National
                            Aeronautics and Space Administration.
                                (xvi) The Administrator of the Small
                            Business Administration.
                                (xvii) The Director of the National Science
                            Foundation.
                                (xviii) The Director of the Office of
                            Management and Budget.
                                (xix) The Assistant to the President for
                            Science and Technology.
                                (xx) The United States Trade
                            Representative.
                                (xxi) The National Security Advisor.
                                (xxii) The Assistant to the President for
                            Economic Policy.
                                (xxiii) The Director of the Domestic Policy
                            Council.
                                (xxiv) The Chair of the Council of Economic
                            Advisers.
                                (xxv) The Chief Manufacturing Officer.
                        (B) Additional participants.--The President may,
                    from time to time and as necessary, appoint officials
                    in the executive branch of the Federal Government to
                    serve as members of the Council.
                (2) Meetings of the council.--
                        (A) In general.--The President or the Chief
                    Manufacturing Officer may convene meetings of the
                    Council.
                        (B) Presiding officer.--
                                (i) In general.--Subject to clause (ii),
                            the President shall preside over the meetings
                            of the Council.
                                (ii) Exception.--If the President is not
                            present at a meeting of the Council, the Vice
                            President (and if the Vice President is not
                            present at a meeting of the Council, the Chief
                            Manufacturing Officer) shall preside and be
                            considered the chair of the Council.
        (k) Council on Manufacturing and Industrial Innovation Functions.--
                (1) In general.--The Council shall--
                        (A) consider problems and developments, including
                    concerns relating to the workforce of the United
                    States, in manufacturing and industrial innovation and
                    related activities of more than 1 agency in the
                    executive branch of the Federal Government;
                        (B) coordinate the manufacturing and industrial
                    innovation policy-making process;
                        (C) harmonize the Federal permitting process
                    relating to manufacturing and industrial innovation, as
                    appropriate;
                        (D) ensure manufacturing and industrial innovation
                    policy decisions and programs are consistent with the
                    priority goals described in subsection (b)(1);
                        (E) help implement the priority goals described in
                    subsection (b)(1) across the Federal Government;
                        (F) ensure manufacturing and industrial innovation
                    are considered in the development and implementation of
                    Federal policies and programs;
                        (G) achieve more effective use of foundational
                    aspects of manufacturing and industrial innovation,
                    particularly scientific, engineering, and technological
                    resources and facilities of agencies in the executive
                    branch of the Federal Government, including the
                    elimination of efforts that have been unwarrantedly
                    duplicated;
                        (H) identify--
                                (i) threats to, and vulnerabilities of,
                            supply chains;
                                (ii) workforce skills;
                                (iii) aspects of supply chains and
                            workforce skills requiring additional emphasis;
                            and
                                (iv) for reform policies, rules, and
                            regulations that harm domestic manufacturing
                            and inhibit the ability for domestic
                            manufacturing to compete with global
                            competitors; and
                        (I) further international cooperation on
                    manufacturing and industrial innovation policies that
                    enhance the policies of the United States and
                    internationally agreed upon policies.
                (2) Chief manufacturing officer.--The Chief Manufacturing
            Officer may take such actions as may be necessary or
            appropriate to implement the functions described in paragraph
            (1).
        (l) Coordination.--The head of each agency in the executive branch
    of the Federal Government, without regard to whether the head of the
    agency is a member of the Council, shall coordinate manufacturing and
    industrial innovation policy with the Council.
        (m) Administration.--
                (1) Coordination with national science and technology
            council.--In carrying out the duties of the Council, the
            Council shall consult with the National Science and Technology
            Council, as necessary.
                (2) Ad committees; tasks forces, interagency groups.--The
            Council may function through established or ad hoc committees,
            task forces, or interagency groups.
                (3) Requirement to cooperate.--Each agency in the executive
            branch of the Federal Government shall--
                        (A) cooperate with the Council; and
                        (B) provide assistance, information, and advice to
                    the Council, as the Council may request, to the extent
                    permitted by law.
                (4) Assistance to council.--For the purpose of carrying out
            the provisions of this section, the head of each agency that is
            a member of the Council shall furnish necessary assistance and
            resources to the Council, which may include--
                        (A) detailing employees of the agency to the
                    Council to perform such functions, consistent with the
                    purposes of this section, as the Chair of the Council
                    may assign to those detailees;
                        (B) providing office support and printing, as
                    requested by the Chair of the Council; and
                        (C) upon the request of the Chair of the Council,
                    undertake special studies for the Council that come
                    within the functions of the Council described in
                    subsection (k).
        (n) National Medal of Manufacturing and Industrial Innovation.--
                (1) Recommendations.--The President shall from time to time
            award a medal, to be known as the ``National Medal of
            Manufacturing and Industrial Innovation'', on the basis of
            recommendations received from the National Academies of
            Sciences, the Chief Manufacturing Officer, or on the basis of
            such other information and evidence as the President determines
            appropriate, to individuals who in the judgment of the
            President are deserving of special recognition by reason of
            outstanding contributions to knowledge in manufacturing and
            industrial innovation.
                (2) Number.--Not more than 20 individuals may be awarded a
            medal under this section in any one calendar year.
                (3) Citizenship.--An individual may not be awarded a medal
            under this section unless at the time such award is made the
            individual--
                        (A) is a citizen or other national of the United
                    States; or
                        (B) is an individual lawfully admitted to the
                    United States for permanent residence who--
                                (i) has filed an application for petition
                            for naturalization in the manner prescribed by
                            section 334(b) of the Immigration and
                            Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1445(b)); and
                                (ii) is not permanently ineligible to
                            become a citizen of the United States.
                (4) Ceremonies.--The presentation of the award shall be
            made by the President with such ceremonies as determined
            proper, including attendance by appropriate Members of
            Congress.
        (o) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be
    appropriated for each of fiscal years 2022 through 2026--
                (1) $5,000,000, for the purpose of carrying out subsections
            (c) through (i); and
                (2) $5,000,000, for the purpose of carrying out subsections
            (j) through (m).

    SEC. 509. TELECOMMUNICATIONS WORKFORCE TRAINING GRANT PROGRAM.

        (a) Short Title.--This section may be cited as the ``Improving
    Minority Participation And Careers in Telecommunications Act'' or the
    ``IMPACT Act''.
        (b) Definitions.--In this section:
                (1) Assistant secretary.--The term ``Assistant Secretary''
            means the Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Communications
            and Information.
                (2) Covered grant.--The term ``covered grant'' means a
            grant awarded under subsection (c).
                (3) Eligible entity.--The term ``eligible entity'' means a
            historically Black college or university, Tribal College or
            University, or minority-serving institution, or a consortium of
            such entities, that forms a partnership with 1 or more of the
            following entities to carry out a training program:
                        (A) A member of the telecommunications industry,
                    such as a company or industry association.
                        (B) A labor or labor-management organization with
                    experience working in the telecommunications industry
                    or a similar industry.
                        (C) The Telecommunications Industry Registered
                    Apprenticeship Program.
                        (D) A nonprofit organization dedicated to helping
                    individuals gain employment in the telecommunications
                    industry.
                        (E) A community or technical college with
                    experience in providing workforce development for
                    individuals seeking employment in the
                    telecommunications industry or a similar industry.
                        (F) A Federal agency laboratory specializing in
                    telecommunications technology.
                (4) Fund.--The term ``Fund'' means the Telecommunications
            Workforce Training Grant Program Fund established under
            subsection (d)(1).
                (5) Grant program.--The term ``Grant Program'' means the
            Telecommunications Workforce Training Grant Program established
            under subsection (c).
                (6) Historically black college or university.--The term
            ``historically Black college or university'' has the meaning
            given the term ``part B institution'' in section 322 of the
            Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1061).
                (7) Industry field activities.--The term ``industry field
            activities'' means activities at active telecommunications,
            cable, and broadband network worksites, such as towers,
            construction sites, and network management hubs.
                (8) Industry partner.--The term ``industry partner'' means
            an entity described in subparagraphs (A) through (F) of
            paragraph (3) with which an eligible entity forms a partnership
            to carry out a training program.
                (9) Minority-serving institution.--The term ``minority-
            serving institution'' means an institution described in section
            371(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C.
            1067q(a)).
                (10) Training program.--The term ``training program'' means
            a credit or non-credit program developed by an eligible entity,
            in partnership with an industry partner, that--
                        (A) is designed to educate and train students to
                    participate in the telecommunications workforce; and
                        (B) includes a curriculum and apprenticeship or
                    internship opportunities that can also be paired with--
                                (i) a degree program; or
                                (ii) stacked credentialing toward a degree.
                (11) Tribal college or university.--The term ``Tribal
            College or University'' has the meaning given the term in
            section 316(b)(3) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20
            U.S.C. 1059c(b)(3)).
        (c) Program.--The Assistant Secretary, acting through the Office of
    Minority Broadband Initiatives established under section 902(b)(1) of
    division N of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 (Public Law
    116-260), shall establish a program, to be known as the
    ``Telecommunications Workforce Training Grant Program'', under which
    the Assistant Secretary awards grants to eligible entities to develop
    training programs.
        (d) Fund.--
                (1) Establishment.--There is established in the Treasury of
            the United States a fund to be known as the
            ``Telecommunications Workforce Training Grant Program Fund''.
                (2) Availability.--Amounts in the Fund shall be available
            to the Assistant Secretary to carry out the Grant Program.
        (e) Application.--
                (1) In general.--An eligible entity desiring a covered
            grant shall submit an application to the Assistant Secretary at
            such time, in such manner, and containing such information as
            the Assistant Secretary may require.
                (2) Contents.--An eligible entity shall include in an
            application under paragraph (1)--
                        (A) a commitment from the industry partner of the
                    eligible entity to collaborate with the eligible entity
                    to develop a training program, including curricula and
                    internships or apprenticeships;
                        (B) a description of how the eligible entity plans
                    to use the covered grant, including the type of
                    training program the eligible entity plans to develop;
                        (C) a plan for recruitment of students and
                    potential students to participate in the training
                    program;
                        (D) a plan to increase female student participation
                    in the training program of the eligible entity; and
                        (E) a description of potential jobs to be secured
                    through the training program, including jobs in the
                    communities surrounding the eligible entity.
        (f) Use of Funds.--An eligible entity may use a covered grant, with
    respect to the training program of the eligible entity, to--
                (1) hire faculty members to teach courses in the training
            program;
                (2) train faculty members to prepare students for
            employment in jobs related to the deployment of next-generation
            wired and wireless communications networks, including 5G
            networks, hybrid fiber-coaxial networks, and fiber
            infrastructure, particularly in--
                        (A) broadband and wireless network engineering;
                        (B) network deployment, operation, and maintenance;
                        (C) industry field activities; and
                        (D) cloud networks, data centers, and
                    cybersecurity;
                (3) design and develop curricula and other components
            necessary for degrees, courses, or programs of study, including
            certificate programs and credentialing programs, that comprise
            the training program;
                (4) pay for costs associated with instruction under the
            training program, including the costs of equipment,
            telecommunications training towers, laboratory space, classroom
            space, and instructional field activities;
                (5) fund scholarships, student internships,
            apprenticeships, and pre-apprenticeship opportunities;
                (6) recruit students for the training program; and
                (7) support the enrollment in the training program of
            individuals working in the telecommunications industry in order
            to advance professionally in the industry.
        (g) Grant Awards.--
                (1) Deadline.--Not later than 2 years after the date on
            which amounts are appropriated to the Fund pursuant to
            subsection (m), the Assistant Secretary shall award all covered
            grants.
                (2) Minimum allocation to certain entities.--The Assistant
            Secretary shall award not less than--
                        (A) 30 percent of covered grant amounts to
                    historically Black colleges or universities; and
                        (B) 30 percent of covered grant amounts to Tribal
                    Colleges or Universities.
                (3) Evaluation criteria.--As part of the final rules issued
            under subsection (h), the Assistant Secretary shall develop
            criteria for evaluating applications for covered grants.
                (4) Coordination.--The Assistant Secretary shall ensure
            that grant amounts awarded under paragraph (2) are coordinated
            with, and do not duplicate the specific use of, grant amounts
            provided under section 902 of division N of the Consolidated
            Appropriations Act, 2021 (Public Law 116-260).
                (5) Construction.--In awarding grants under this section
            for training or education relating to construction, the
            Assistant Secretary may prioritize applicants that partner with
            apprenticeship programs, pre-apprenticeship programs, or public
            two-year community or technical colleges that have a written
            agreement with one or more apprenticeship programs.
        (h) Rules.--Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of
    this Act, after providing public notice and an opportunity to comment,
    the Assistant Secretary, in consultation with the Secretary of Labor
    and the Secretary of Education, shall issue final rules governing the
    Grant Program.
        (i) Term.--The Assistant Secretary shall establish the term of a
    covered grant, which may not be less than 5 years.
        (j) Grantee Reports.--During the term of a covered grant received
    by an eligible entity, the eligible entity shall submit to the
    Assistant Secretary a semiannual report that, with respect to the
    preceding 6-month period--
                (1) describes how the eligible entity used the covered
            grant amounts;
                (2) describes the progress the eligible entity made in
            developing and executing the training program of the eligible
            entity;
                (3) describes the number of faculty and students
            participating in the training program of the eligible entity;
                (4) describes the partnership with the industry partner of
            the eligible entity, including--
                        (A) the commitments and in-kind contributions made
                    by the industry partner; and
                        (B) the role of the industry partner in curriculum
                    development, the degree program, and internships and
                    apprenticeships; and
                (5) includes data on internship, apprenticeship, and
            employment opportunities and placements.
        (k) Oversight.--
                (1) Audits.--The Inspector General of the Department of
            Commerce shall audit the Grant Program in order to--
                        (A) ensure that eligible entities use covered grant
                    amounts in accordance with--
                                (i) the requirements of this section; and
                                (ii) the overall purpose of the Grant
                            Program, as described in subsection (c); and
                        (B) prevent waste, fraud, and abuse in the
                    operation of the Grant Program.
                (2) Revocation of funds.--The Assistant Secretary shall
            revoke a grant awarded to an eligible entity that is not in
            compliance with the requirements of this section or the overall
            purpose of the Grant Program, as described in subsection (c).
        (l) Annual Report to Congress.--Each year, until all covered grants
    have expired, the Assistant Secretary shall submit to Congress a report
    that--
                (1) identifies each eligible entity that received a covered
            grant and the amount of the covered grant;
                (2) describes the progress each eligible entity described
            in paragraph (1) has made toward accomplishing the overall
            purpose of the Grant Program, as described in subsection (c);
                (3) summarizes the job placement status or apprenticeship
            opportunities of students who have participated in the training
            program of the eligible entity; and
                (4) includes the findings of any audits conducted by the
            Inspector General of the Department of Commerce under
            subsection (k)(1) that were not included in the previous report
            submitted under this subsection.
        (m) Authorization of Appropriations.--
                (1) In general.--There is authorized to be appropriated to
            the Fund a total of $100,000,000 for fiscal years 2022 through
            2027, to remain available until expended.
                (2) Administration.--The Assistant Secretary may use not
            more than 2 percent of the amounts appropriated to the Fund for
            the administration of the Grant Program.

    SEC. 510. COUNTRY OF ORIGIN LABELING ONLINE ACT.

        (a) Mandatory Origin and Location Disclosure for Products Offered
    for Sale on the Internet.--
                (1) In general.--It shall be unlawful for a product that is
            required to be marked under section 304 of the Tariff Act of
            1930 (19 U.S.C. 1304) or its implementing regulations to be
            introduced, sold, advertised, or offered for sale in commerce
            on an internet website unless the internet website description
            of the product--
                        (A)(i) indicates in a conspicuous place the country
                    of origin of the product, in a manner consistent with
                    the regulations prescribed under section 304 of the
                    Tariff Act of 1930 (19 U.S.C. 1304) and the country of
                    origin marking regulations administered by U.S. Customs
                    and Border Protection; and
                        (ii) includes, in the case of--
                                (I) a new passenger motor vehicle (as
                            defined in section 32304 of title 49, United
                            States Code), the disclosure required by such
                            section;
                                (II) a textile fiber product (as defined in
                            section 2 of the Textile Fiber Products
                            Identification Act (15 U.S.C. 70b)), the
                            disclosure required by such Act;
                                (III) a wool product (as defined in section
                            2 of the Wool Products Labeling Act of 1939 (15
                            U.S.C. 68)), the disclosure required by such
                            Act;
                                (IV) a fur product (as defined in section 2
                            of the Fur Products Labeling Act (15 U.S.C.
                            69)), the disclosure required by such Act;
                                (V) a covered commodity (as defined in
                            section 281 of the Agricultural Marketing Act
                            of 1946 (7 U.S.C. 1638)), the country of origin
                            information required by section 282 of such Act
                            (7 U.S.C. 1638a); and
                                (VI) a pharmaceutical product subject to
                            the jurisdiction of the Food and Drug
                            Administration, the disclosure required by
                            section 502 of the Federal Food, Drug, and
                            Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 352); and
                        (B) indicates in a conspicuous place the country in
                    which the seller of the product is located (and, if
                    applicable, the country in which any parent corporation
                    of such seller is located).
                (2) Limitation.--The disclosure of a product's country of
            origin required pursuant to paragraph (1)(A) shall not be made
            in such a manner as to represent to a consumer that the product
            is in whole, or part, of United States origin, unless such
            disclosure is consistent with section 5 of the Federal Trade
            Commission Act (15 U.S.C. 45(a)), provided that no other
            Federal statute applies.
        (b) Prohibition on False and Misleading Representation of United
    States Origin on Products.--
                (1) Unlawful activity.--Notwithstanding any other provision
            of law, it shall be unlawful to make any false or deceptive
            representation that a product or its parts or processing are of
            United States origin in any labeling, advertising, or other
            promotional materials, or any other form of marketing,
            including marketing through digital or electronic means in the
            United States.
                (2) Deceptive representation.--For purposes of paragraph
            (1), a representation that a product is in whole, or in part,
            of United States origin is deceptive if, at the time the
            representation is made, such claim is not consistent with
            section 5 of the Federal Trade Commission Act (15 U.S.C.
            45(a)), provided that no other Federal statute applies.
        (c) Enforcement by Commission.--
                (1) Unfair or deceptive acts or practices.--A violation of
            subsection (a) or (b) shall be treated as a violation of a rule
            under section 18(a)(1)(B) of the Federal Trade Commission Act
            (15 U.S.C. 57a(a)(1)(B)).
                (2) Powers of the commission.--
                        (A) In general.--The Commission shall enforce this
                    section in the same manner, by the same means, and with
                    the same jurisdiction, powers, and duties as though all
                    applicable terms and provisions of the Federal Trade
                    Commission Act (15 U.S.C. 41 et seq.) were incorporated
                    into and made a part of this section.
                        (B) Privileges and immunities.--Any person that
                    violates subsection (a) or (b) shall be subject to the
                    penalties and entitled to the privileges and immunities
                    provided in the Federal Trade Commission Act (15 U.S.C.
                    41 et seq.) as though all applicable terms and
                    provisions of that Act were incorporated and made part
                    of this section.
                        (C) Authority preserved.--Nothing in this section
                    may be construed to limit the authority of the
                    Commission under any other provision of law.
                (3) Interagency agreement.--Not later than 6 months after
            the date of enactment of this Act, the Commission and U.S.
            Customs and Border Protection shall--
                        (A) enter into a Memorandum of Understanding or
                    other appropriate agreement for the purpose of
                    providing consistent implementation of this section;
                    and
                        (B) publish such agreement to provide public
                    guidance.
                (4) Definition of commission.--In this subsection, the term
            ``Commission'' means the Federal Trade Commission.
        (d) Effective Date.--This section shall take effect 9 months after
    the date of enactment of this Act.

    SEC. 511. COUNTRY OF ORIGIN LABELING FOR KING CRAB AND TANNER CRAB.

        Section 281(7)(B) of the Agricultural Marketing Act of 1946 (7
    U.S.C. 1638(7)(B)) is amended--
                (1) by striking ``includes a fillet'' and inserting
            ``includes--
                                ``(i) a fillet'';
                (2) by striking the period at the end and inserting ``;
            and''; and
                (3) by adding at the end the following:
                                ``(ii) whole cooked king crab and tanner
                            crab and cooked king crab and tanner crab
                            sections.''.

    SEC. 512. INTERNET EXCHANGES AND SUBMARINE CABLES.

        (a) Definitions.--In this section:
                (1) Assistant secretary.--The term ``Assistant Secretary''
            means the Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Communications
            and Information.
                (2) Core based statistical area.--The term ``core based
            statistical area'' has the meaning given the term by the Office
            of Management and Budget in the Notice of Decision entitled
            ``2010 Standards for Delineating Metropolitan and Micropolitan
            Statistical Areas'', published in the Federal Register on June
            28, 2010 (75 Fed. Reg. 37246), or any successor to that Notice.
                (3) Covered grant.--The term ``covered grant'' means a
            grant awarded under subsection (b)(1).
                (4) Indian tribe.--The term ``Indian Tribe''--
                        (A) has the meaning given the term in section 4 of
                    the Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance
                    Act (25 U.S.C. 5304); and
                        (B) includes a Native Hawaiian organization, as
                    that term is defined in section 6207 of the Native
                    Hawaiian Education Act (20 U.S.C. 7517).
                (5) Internet exchange facility.--The term ``internet
            exchange facility'' means physical infrastructure through which
            internet service providers and content delivery networks
            exchange internet traffic between their networks.
                (6) State.--The term ``State'' has the meaning given the
            term in section 3 of the Communications Act of 1934 (47 U.S.C.
            153).
                (7) Submarine cable landing station.--The term ``submarine
            cable landing station'' means a cable landing station, as that
            term is used in section 1.767(a)(5) of title 47, Code of
            Federal Regulations (or any successor regulation), that can be
            utilized to land a submarine cable by an entity that has
            obtained a license under the first section of the Act entitled
            ``An Act relating to the landing and operation of submarine
            cables in the United States'', approved May 27, 1921 (47 U.S.C.
            34) (commonly known as the ``Cable Landing Licensing Act'').
        (b) Internet Exchange Facility Grants.--
                (1) Grants.--Not later than 1 year after the date on which
            amounts are made available under subsection (e), the Assistant
            Secretary shall award grants to entities to acquire real
            property and necessary equipment to--
                        (A) establish a new internet exchange facility in a
                    core based statistical area in which, at the time the
                    grant is awarded, there are no existing internet
                    exchange facilities; or
                        (B) expand operations at an existing internet
                    exchange facility in a core based statistical area in
                    which, at the time the grant is awarded, there is only
                    1 internet exchange facility.
                (2) Eligibility.--To be eligible to receive a covered
            grant, an entity shall--
                        (A) have sufficient interest from third party
                    entities that will use the internet exchange facility
                    to be funded by the grant once the facility is
                    established or operations are expanded, as applicable;
                        (B) have sovereign control over the land or
                    building in which the internet exchange facility is to
                    be housed;
                        (C) provide evidence of direct conduit, duct, and
                    manhole access to public rights-of-way;
                        (D) have a plan to establish security protocols for
                    the internet exchange facility to prevent physical or
                    electronic intrusion from unauthorized users; and
                        (E) provide other information required by the
                    Assistant Secretary to protect against waste, fraud, or
                    abuse.
                (3) Federal share.--The Federal share of the total cost of
            the establishment of, or expansion of operations at, an
            internet exchange facility for which a covered grant is awarded
            may not exceed 50 percent.
                (4) Grant amount.--The amount of a covered grant may not
            exceed $3,000,000.
                (5) Applications.--
                        (A) Rules and timelines.--Not later than 1 year
                    after the date of enactment of this Act, the Assistant
                    Secretary shall establish rules and timelines for
                    applications for--
                                (i) covered grants; and
                                (ii) grants under subsection (c).
                        (B) Third party review.--To prevent fraud in the
                    covered grant program, the Assistant Secretary shall
                    enter into a contract with an independent third party
                    under which the third party reviews an application for
                    a covered grant not later than 60 days after the date
                    on which the application is submitted to ensure that
                    only an entity that is eligible for a covered grant
                    receives a covered grant.
                (6) Rule of construction.--Nothing in this subsection shall
            be construed to authorize the Assistant Secretary to regulate,
            issue guidance for, or otherwise interfere with the activities
            at an internet exchange facility.
        (c) Submarine Cable Landing Station Grants.--Not later than 1 year
    after the date on which amounts are made available under subsection
    (e), and in accordance with the rules and timelines established under
    subsection (b)(5)(A), the Assistant Secretary shall award grants to
    States and Indian Tribes to build infrastructure and acquire necessary
    equipment to establish or expand an open-access, carrier-neutral
    submarine cable landing station that serves a military facility.
        (d) Report.--Not later than 5 years after the date of enactment of
    this Act, and annually thereafter for 5 years, the Assistant Secretary
    shall submit a report on outcomes of grants awarded under this section
    to--
                (1) the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation
            of the Senate; and
                (2) the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of
            Representatives.
        (e) Authorization of Appropriations.--
                (1) In general.--There is authorized to be appropriated
            $35,000,000 to carry out subsections (b) and (c).
                (2) Limitation.--The Assistant Secretary may not use more
            than 10 percent of the amounts made available under paragraph
            (1) to administer and report on the outcomes of grants awarded
            under this section.
        (f) Return of Certain Grant Amounts.--The Assistant Secretary may
    require a recipient of a grant awarded under subsection (b) or (c) to
    return all or a portion of the grant amount if there is evidence of
    waste, fraud, or abuse of grant funds by the recipient.

    SEC. 513. STUDY OF SISTER CITY PARTNERSHIPS OPERATING WITHIN THE UNITED
                  STATES INVOLVING FOREIGN COMMUNITIES IN COUNTRIES WITH
                  SIGNIFICANT PUBLIC SECTOR CORRUPTION.

        (a) Short Title.--This section may be cited as the ``Sister City
    Transparency Act''.
        (b) Definitions.--In this section:
                (1) Appropriate congressional committees.--The term
            ``appropriate congressional committees'' means--
                        (A) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the
                    Senate;
                        (B) the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and
                    Pensions of the Senate;
                        (C) the Committee on Armed Services of the Senate;
                        (D) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House
                    of Representatives;
                        (E) the Committee on Education and Labor of the
                    House of Representatives; and
                        (F) the Committee on Armed Services of the House of
                    Representatives.
                (2) Foreign community.--The term ``foreign community''
            means any subnational unit of government outside of the United
            States.
                (3) Sister city partnership.--The term ``sister city
            partnership'' means a formal agreement between a United States
            community and a foreign community that--
                        (A) is recognized by Sister Cities International;
                    and
                        (B) is operating within the United States.
                (4) United states community.--The term ``United States
            community'' means a State, county, city, or other unit of local
            government in the United States.
        (c) Study of Sister City Partnerships Operating Within the United
    States Involving Foreign Communities in Countries With Significant
    Public Sector Corruption.--
                (1) In general.--The Comptroller General of the United
            States shall conduct a study of the activities of sister city
            partnerships involving foreign communities in countries
            receiving a score of 45 or less on Transparency International's
            2019 Corruption Perceptions Index.
                (2) Elements of the study.--The study conducted under
            paragraph (1) shall--
                        (A) identify--
                                (i) the criteria by which foreign
                            communities identify United States communities
                            as candidates for sister city partnerships,
                            including themes with respect to the prominent
                            economic activities and demographics of such
                            United States communities;
                                (ii) the activities conducted within sister
                            city partnerships;
                                (iii) the economic and educational outcomes
                            of such activities;
                                (iv) the types of information that sister
                            city partnerships make publicly available,
                            including information relating to contracts and
                            activities;
                                (v) the means by which United States
                            communities safeguard freedom of expression
                            within sister city partnerships; and
                                (vi) the oversight practices that United
                            States communities implement to mitigate the
                            risks of foreign espionage and economic
                            coercion within sister city partnerships;
                        (B) assess--
                                (i) the extent to which United States
                            communities ensure transparency regarding
                            sister city partnership contracts and
                            activities;
                                (ii) the extent to which sister city
                            partnerships involve economic arrangements that
                            make United States communities vulnerable to
                            malign market practices;
                                (iii) the extent to which sister city
                            partnerships involve educational arrangements
                            that diminish the freedom of expression;
                                (iv) the extent to which sister city
                            partnerships allow foreign nationals to access
                            local commercial, educational, and political
                            institutions;
                                (v) the extent to which foreign communities
                            could use sister city partnerships to realize
                            strategic objectives that do not conduce to the
                            economic and national security interests of the
                            United States;
                                (vi) the extent to which sister city
                            partnerships could enable or otherwise
                            contribute to foreign communities' malign
                            activities globally, including activities
                            relating to human rights abuses and academic
                            and industrial espionage; and
                                (vii) the extent to which United States
                            communities seek to mitigate foreign nationals'
                            potentially inappropriate use of visa programs
                            to participate in activities relating to sister
                            city partnerships; and
                        (C) review--
                                (i) the range of activities conducted
                            within sister city partnerships, including
                            activities relating to cultural exchange and
                            economic development;
                                (ii) how such activities differ between
                            sister city partnerships; and
                                (iii) best practices to ensure transparency
                            regarding sister city partnerships' agreements,
                            activities, and employees.
                (3) Report.--
                        (A) In general.--Not later than 6 months after
                    initiating the study required under paragraph (1), the
                    Comptroller General shall submit a report to the
                    appropriate congressional committees that contains the
                    results of such study, including the findings,
                    conclusions, and recommendations (if any) of the study.
                        (B) Form.--The report required under subparagraph
                    (A) may include a classified annex, if necessary.

    SEC. 514. PROHIBITION ON TRANSFER, ASSIGNMENT, OR DISPOSITION OF
                  CONSTRUCTION PERMITS AND STATION LICENSES TO ENTITIES
                  SUBJECT TO UNDUE INFLUENCE BY THE CHINESE COMMUNIST PARTY
                  OR THE GOVERNMENT OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA.

        The Federal Communications Commission shall, pursuant to section
    310 of the Communications Act of 1934 (47 U.S.C. 310), prohibit the
    transfer, assignment, or disposition of construction permits and
    station licenses to an entity that is subject to undue influence by the
    Chinese Communist Party or the Government of the People's Republic of
    China.

    SEC. 515. LIMITATION ON NUCLEAR COOPERATION WITH THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC
                  OF CHINA.

        (a) In General.--The President shall not--
                (1) develop, design, plan, promulgate, implement, or
            execute a bilateral policy, program, order, or contract of any
            kind to participate in, collaborate on, or coordinate
            bilaterally in any manner with respect to nuclear cooperation
            activities, or otherwise engage in nuclear cooperation, with--
                        (A) the Government of the People's Republic of
                    China; or
                        (B) any company--
                                (i) owned by the Government of the People's
                            Republic of China; or
                                (ii) incorporated under the laws of the
                            People's Republic of China; or
                (2) allow any agency of the United States Government to
            host official visitors at a facility belonging to the agency if
            those visitors are--
                        (A) officials, corporate officers, or principal
                    shareholders of any entity described in subparagraph
                    (A) or (B) of paragraph (1); or
                        (B) individuals subject to undue influence by the
                    individuals described in subparagraph (A).
        (b) Review of Prior Nuclear Cooperation and Associated Impacts.--
                (1) Agreement.--Not later than 60 days after the date of
            enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State shall seek to
            enter into an agreement with the National Academy of Public
            Administration (referred to in this section as the ``National
            Academy'') to carry out the review and assessment described in
            paragraph (2) and submit the report described in paragraph (3).
                (2) Review and assessment.--
                        (A) In general.--Under the agreement described in
                    paragraph (1), the National Academy shall--
                                (i) conduct a review of nuclear cooperation
                            during the 25-year period ending on the date of
                            enactment of this Act between the United States
                            Government and the People's Republic of China,
                            including the role of the Department of State
                            in facilitating such cooperation; and
                                (ii) perform an assessment of the
                            implications of the cooperation described in
                            clause (i) on the national security of the
                            United States.
                        (B) Elements.--In conducting the review and
                    assessment under subparagraph (A), the National Academy
                    shall examine all cooperative activities relating to
                    nuclear cooperation between the United States
                    Government and the People's Republic of China during
                    the 25-year period ending on the date of enactment of
                    this Act, including--
                                (i) all trips relating to nuclear
                            cooperation taken by officials of the
                            Department of State to the People's Republic of
                            China;
                                (ii) all exchanges of goods, services,
                            data, or information between officials of the
                            United States Government and an entity
                            described in subparagraph (A) or (B) of
                            subsection (a)(1); and
                        (C) all instances in which officials of the United
                    States Government hosted officials from, or
                    significantly tied to, an entity described in
                    subparagraph (A) or (B) of subsection (a)(1).
                (3) Deadline and report.--Not later than 1 year after the
            date on which the Secretary and the National Academy enter into
            an agreement described in paragraph (1), the National Academy
            shall--
                        (A) complete the review and assessment described in
                    paragraph (2); and
                        (B) submit a report containing the results of the
                    review and assessment, which shall be unclassified but,
                    if necessary, may contain a classified annex, to--
                                (i) the Secretary; and
                                (ii) the appropriate congressional
                            committees.
                (4) Publication.--Not later than 60 days after the date on
            which the National Academy submits the report under paragraph
            (3), the Secretary shall make the report publically available
            in an easily accessible electronic format, with appropriate
            redactions for information that, in the determination of the
            Secretary, would be damaging to the national security of the
            United States if disclosed.
        (c) Waivers.--
                (1) Waiver for counterterrorism; nonproliferation
            activities; and the national interest.--The President may waive
            the limitation under subsection (a)--
                        (A) to continue ongoing activities with the
                    People's Republic of China relating to nuclear and
                    radiological counterterrorism, nuclear and radiological
                    counterproliferation, and nuclear and radiological
                    nonproliferation; or
                        (B) if the President determines that such waiver is
                    in the national interests of the United States,
                    provided the Federal Bureau of Investigation certifies
                    prior to such waiver that the persons covered under
                    such waiver--
                                (i) are not subject to undue influence by
                            the Government of the People's Republic of
                            China or the Chinese Communist Party, or by
                            officials of the People's Republic of China or
                            the Chinese Communist Party; and
                                (ii) are not engaged in human rights
                            abuses.
                (2) Waiver to address emergencies.--Subject to receiving
            appropriate licenses and other authorizations, the President
            may waive the limitation under subsection (a) to allow
            transfers of technology and equipment to address a nuclear or
            radiological emergency.
                (3) Notification requirement.--The President shall notify
            Congress of any waiver issued under paragraph (1) or (2).
        (d) Definitions.--In this section:
                (1) Nuclear cooperation.--The term ``nuclear cooperation''
            means cooperation with respect to nuclear activities, including
            the development, use, or control of atomic energy, including
            any activities involving the processing or utilization of
            source material, byproduct material, or special nuclear
            material (as those terms are defined in section 11 of the
            Atomic Energy Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C. 2014)).
                (2) Nuclear cooperation activities.--The term ``nuclear
            cooperation activities'' means activities relating to nuclear
            cooperation.
        (e) Rule of Construction.-- Nothing in this Act shall be construed
    to prohibit--
                (1) United States commercial activities, provided such
            activities are consistent with the laws and regulations of the
            United States; and
                (2) limited diplomatic engagement or dialogue--
                        (A) including regarding protection of the
                    intellectual property and trade secrets of American
                    persons; and
                        (B) except for any diplomatic engagement or
                    dialogue relating to or aimed at facilitating the
                    transfer of nuclear technology.

    SEC. 516. CERTIFICATION.

        Section 1260I(a) of the National Defense Authorization Act for
    Fiscal Year 2020 (Public Law 116-92; 113 Stat. 1687) is amended--
                (1) by inserting ``and'' at the end of paragraph (2); and
                (2) by striking paragraphs (3) and (4) and inserting the
            following:
                ``(3) Huawei does not pose an ongoing threat to the
            critical infrastructure of the United States or its allies.''.

    SEC. 517. FAIRNESS AND DUE PROCESS IN STANDARDS-SETTING BODIES.

        (a) Definitions.--In this section:
                (1) Appropriate committees of congress.--The term
            ``appropriate committees of Congress'' means--
                        (A) the Committee on Commerce, Science, and
                    Transportation of the Senate;
                        (B) the Committee on Armed Services of the Senate;
                        (C) the Select Committee on Intelligence of the
                    Senate;
                        (D) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the
                    Senate;
                        (E) the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology
                    of the House of Representatives;
                        (F) the Committee on Armed Services of the House of
                    Representatives;
                        (G) the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence
                    of the House of Representatives; and
                        (H) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House
                    of Representatives.
                (2) Assistant secretary.--The term ``Assistant Secretary''
            means the Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Communications
            and Information.
        (b) Study.--
                (1) In general.--Not later than 270 days after the date of
            enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Commerce, acting
            through the Assistant Secretary, shall submit to the
            appropriate committees of Congress the results of a study
            identifying opportunities for improved participation by United
            States Government experts in the standardization activities of
            the Telecommunication Standardization Sector of the
            International Telecommunication Union.
                (2) Consultations required.--In conducting the study
            required under paragraph (1), the Assistant Secretary shall--
                        (A) consult with--
                                (i) the Under Secretary of State for
                            Economic Growth, Energy, and the Environment;
                            and
                                (ii) the Chairman of the Federal
                            Communications Commission;
                        (B) engage with the International Digital Economy
                    and Telecommunication Advisory Committee; and
                        (C) provide opportunities for all relevant
                    stakeholders in the United States to provide meaningful
                    input with respect to the conduct of the study.
                (3) Contents.--The study required under paragraph (1) shall
            include--
                        (A) the identification and assessment of factors
                    that serve as a barrier to the participation of United
                    States Government experts in the standards development
                    activities of the Telecommunication Standardization
                    Sector of the International Telecommunication Union,
                    including--
                                (i) budgetary constraints;
                                (ii) lack of awareness regarding the
                            strategic importance of, and support for,
                            participation in those activities;
                                (iii) limited knowledge about opportunities
                            for, and means of, participation with respect
                            to those activities;
                                (iv) the extent to which there are
                            opportunities for cooperation with government
                            experts from like-minded foreign allies with
                            respect to those activities; and
                                (v) any other barriers to effective
                            participation in, and representation with
                            respect to, those activities; and
                        (B) recommendations regarding how the barriers to
                    increased and effective participation, as identified
                    under subparagraph (A), could be addressed, which may
                    include--
                                (i) strategies and tactics to ensure long-
                            term participation;
                                (ii) means for improved information sharing
                            and coordination--
                                        (I) among Federal Government
                                    participants;
                                        (II) between the public and private
                                    sectors; and
                                        (III) between the Federal
                                    Government and like-minded foreign
                                    allies;
                                (iii) identification of suitable leadership
                            opportunities for Federal Government
                            participants; and
                                (iv) any other recommendation that the
                            Assistant Secretary determines to be
                            appropriate.

    SEC. 518. SHARK FIN SALES ELIMINATION.

        (a) Short Title.--This section may be cited as the ``Shark Fin
    Sales Elimination Act of 2021''.
        (b) Prohibition on Sale of Shark Fins.--
                (1) Prohibition.--Except as provided in subsection (c), no
            person shall possess, transport, offer for sale, sell, or
            purchase shark fins or products containing shark fins.
                (2) Penalty.--A violation of paragraph (1) shall be treated
            as an act prohibited by section 307 of the Magnuson-Stevens
            Fishery Conservation and Management Act (16 U.S.C. 1857) and
            shall be penalized pursuant to section 308(a) of that Act (16
            U.S.C. 1858(a)), except that the maximum civil penalty for each
            violation shall be $100,000, or the fair market value of the
            shark fins involved, whichever is greater.
        (c) Exceptions.--A person may possess a shark fin that was taken
    lawfully under a State, territorial, or Federal license or permit to
    take or land sharks, if the shark fin is separated from the shark in a
    manner consistent with the license or permit and is--
                (1) destroyed or discarded upon separation;
                (2) used for noncommercial subsistence purposes in
            accordance with State or territorial law;
                (3) used solely for display or research purposes by a
            museum, college, or university, or other person under a State
            or Federal permit to conduct noncommercial scientific research;
            or
                (4) retained by the license or permit holder for a
            noncommercial purpose.
        (d) Dogfish.--
                (1) In general.--It shall not be a violation of subsection
            bc) for any person to possess, transport, offer for sale, sell,
            or purchase any fresh or frozen raw fin or tail from any stock
            of the species Mustelus canis (smooth dogfish) or Squalus
            acanthias (spiny dogfish).
                (2) Report.--By not later than January 1, 2027, the
            Secretary of Commerce shall review the exemption contained in
            paragraph (1) and shall prepare and submit to Congress a report
            that includes a recommendation on whether the exemption
            contained in paragraph (1) should continue or be terminated. In
            preparing such report and making such recommendation, the
            Secretary shall analyze factors including--
                        (A) the economic viability of dogfish fisheries
                    with and without the continuation of the exemption;
                        (B) the impact to ocean ecosystems of continuing or
                    terminating the exemption;
                        (C) the impact on enforcement of the ban contained
                    in subsection (b) caused by the exemption; and
                        (D) the impact of the exemption on shark
                    conservation.
        (e) Definition of Shark Fin.--In this section, the term ``shark
    fin'' means--
                (1) the raw or dried or otherwise processed detached fin of
            a shark; or
                (2) the raw or dried or otherwise processed detached tail
            of a shark.
        (f) State Authority.--Nothing in this section may be construed to
    preclude, deny, or limit any right of a State or territory to adopt or
    enforce any regulation or standard that is more stringent than a
    regulation or standard in effect under this section.
        (g) Severability.--If any provision of this section or its
    application to any person or circumstance is held invalid, the
    invalidity does not affect other provisions or applications of this
    section which can be given effect without the invalid provision or
    application, and to this end the provisions of this section are
    severable.

    SEC. 519. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON FORCED LABOR.

        It is the sense of Congress that the Federal Government shall not
    engage in research, partnerships, contracts, or other agreements with
    any entity (including any country or institution of higher education)
    that has any affiliation with a country that engages in forced labor.

    SEC. 520. OPEN NETWORK ARCHITECTURE.

        (a) Open Network Architecture Testbed.--
                (1) Definitions.--In this subsection--
                        (A) the term ``Applied Research Open-RAN testbed''
                    means the testbed established under paragraph (2);
                        (B) the term ``Assistant Secretary'' means the
                    Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Communications and
                    Information; and
                        (C) the term ``NTIA'' means the National
                    Telecommunications and Information Administration.
                (2) Establishment.--The Assistant Secretary shall establish
            an applied research open network architecture testbed at the
            Institute for Telecommunication Sciences of the NTIA to develop
            and demonstrate network architectures and applications,
            equipment integration and interoperability at scale,
            including--
                        (A) Open Radio Access Network (commonly known as
                    ``Open-RAN'') technology;
                        (B) Virtualized Radio Access Network (commonly
                    known as ``vRAN'') technology; and
                        (C) cloud native technologies that replicate
                    telecommunications hardware as software-based virtual
                    network elements and functions.
                (3) Focus; considerations.--In establishing the Applied
            Research Open-RAN testbed pursuant to this section, the
            Assistant Secretary shall ensure that such testbed evaluates
            issues related to deployment and operation of open network
            architectures in rural areas.
                (4) Cooperative research and development agreements.--The
            Assistant Secretary shall enter into cooperative research and
            development agreements as appropriate to obtain equipment,
            devices, and expertise for the Applied Research Open-RAN
            testbed, in accordance with section 12 of the Stevenson-Wydler
            Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3710a).
                (5) Private sector contributions.--The Assistant Secretary
            may accept private contributions to the Applied Research Open-
            RAN testbed in the form of network equipment or devices for
            testing purposes.
                (6) Partnership with government entities.--
                        (A) Establishment.--In establishing the Applied
                    Research Open-RAN testbed, the Assistant Secretary
                    shall--
                                (i) consult with the Federal Communications
                            Commission, including with respect to ongoing
                            work by the Commission to develop other
                            testbeds, including private sector testbeds,
                            related to Open-RAN technologies; and
                                (ii) ensure that the work on the testbed is
                            coordinated with the responsibilities of the
                            Assistant Secretary under any relevant
                            memorandum of understanding with the Federal
                            Communications Commission and the National
                            Science Foundation related to spectrum.
                        (B) Operations.--In operating the Applied Research
                    Open-RAN testbed, the Assistant Secretary shall, in
                    consultation with the Federal Communications
                    Commission, partner with--
                                (i) the First Responder Network Authority
                            of the NTIA (also known as ``FirstNet'') and
                            the Public Safety Communications Research
                            Division of the National Institute of Standards
                            and Technology to examine use cases and
                            applications for Open-RAN technologies in a
                            public safety network;
                                (ii) other Federal agencies, as appropriate
                            to examine use cases and applications for Open-
                            RAN technologies in other areas of interest to
                            such agencies; and
                                (iii) international partners, as
                            appropriate.
                (7) Stakeholder input.--The Assistant Secretary shall seek
            input from stakeholders regarding the establishment and
            operation of the Applied Research Open-RAN testbed.
                (8) Implementation deadline.--Not later than 180 days after
            the date of enactment of this Act, the Assistant Secretary
            shall--
                        (A) define metrics and parameters for the Applied
                    Research Open-RAN testbed, including functionality,
                    project configuration and capacity, performance,
                    security requirements, and quality assurance;
                        (B) adopt any rules as necessary, in consultation
                    with the Federal Communications Commission; and
                        (C) begin the development of the Applied Research
                    Open-RAN testbed, including seeking stakeholder input
                    as required by paragraph (7).
                (9) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of
            enactment of this Act, the Assistant Secretary shall submit to
            the Committee on Commerce, Science and Transportation of the
            Senate and the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of
            Representatives a report on the findings of the testbed and any
            recommendations for additional legislative or regulatory
            actions relating to the work of the testbed.
                (10) Authorization of appropriations.--
                        (A) In general.--There are authorized to be
                    appropriated for the administration of the Applied
                    Research Open-RAN testbed $20,000,000 for fiscal year
                    2022, to remain available until expended.
                        (B) Rule of construction.--Nothing in paragraph (6)
                    shall be construed to obligate FirstNet or any other
                    Federal entity to pay for the cost of the Applied
                    Research Open-RAN testbed created under this section in
                    the absence of the appropriation of amounts under this
                    paragraph.
                        (C) Authorization for voluntary support.--A Federal
                    entity, including FirstNet, may voluntarily enter into
                    an agreement with NTIA to provide monetary or
                    nonmonetary support for the Applied Research Open-RAN
                    testbed.
        (b) Participation in Standards-setting Bodies.--
                (1) Definitions.--In this section--
                        (A) the term ``Assistant Secretary'' means the
                    Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Communications and
                    Information;
                        (B) the term ``eligible standards -setting body''--
                                (i) means a standards-setting body,
                            participation in which may be funded by a grant
                            awarded under paragraph (2), as determined by
                            the Assistant Secretary; and
                                (ii) includes--
                                        (I) the 3rd Generation Partnership
                                    Project (commonly known as ``3GPP'');
                                        (II) the Alliance for
                                    Telecommunications Industry Solutions
                                    (commonly known as ``ATIS'');
                                        (III) the International
                                    Telecommunications Union (commonly
                                    known as ``ITU'');
                                        (IV) the Institute for Electrical
                                    and Electronics Engineers (commonly
                                    known as ``IEEE'');
                                        (V) the World Radiocommunications
                                    Conferences (commonly known as the
                                    ``WRC'') of the ITU;
                                        (VI) the Internet Engineering Task
                                    Force (commonly known as the ``IETF'');
                                        (VII) the International
                                    Organization for Standardization
                                    (commonly known as the ``ISO'') and the
                                    International Electrotechnical
                                    Commission (commonly known as the
                                    ``IEC'');
                                        (VIII) the O-RAN Alliance;
                                        (IX) the Telecommunications
                                    Industry Association (commonly known as
                                    ``TIA''); and
                                        (X) any other standards-setting
                                    body identified under paragraph (4);
                        (C) the term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary of
                    Commerce; and
                        (D) the term ``standards-setting body'' means an
                    international body that develops the standards for open
                    network architecture technologies.
                (2) Grant program.--
                        (A) In general.--The Secretary, in collaboration
                    with the Assistant Secretary, shall award grants to
                    private sector entities based in the United States to
                    participate in eligible standards-setting bodies.
                        (B) Prioritization.--The Secretary shall prioritize
                    grants awarded under this section to private sector
                    entities that would not otherwise be able to
                    participate in eligible standards-setting bodies
                    without the grant.
                (3) Grant criteria.--Not later than 180 days after the date
            on which amounts are appropriated under paragraph (5), the
            Secretary, in collaboration with the Assistant Secretary, shall
            establish criteria for the grants awarded under paragraph (2).
                (4) Consultation with federal communications commission.--
            The Secretary shall consult with the Federal Communications
            Commission in--
                        (A) determining criteria for the grants awarded
                    under paragraph (2); and
                        (B) determining which standards-setting bodies, if
                    any, in addition to the standards-setting bodies listed
                    in paragraph (1)(C)(ii) are eligible standards-setting
                    bodies.
                (5) Authorization of appropriations.--
                        (A) In general.--There are authorized to be
                    appropriated for grants under paragraph (2) $30,000,000
                    in total for fiscals years 2022 through 2025, to remain
                    available until expended.
                        (B) Administrative costs.--The Secretary may use
                    not more than 2 percent of any funds appropriated under
                    this paragraph for the administration of the grant
                    program established under this subsection.

    SEC. 521. COMBATTING SEXUAL HARASSMENT IN SCIENCE.

        (a) Definitions.--This section may be cited as the ``Combating
    Sexual Harassment in Science Act of 2021''.
        (b) Definitions.--In this section:
                (1) Director.--The term ``Director'' means the Director of
            the National Science Foundation.
                (2) Federal science agency.--The term ``Federal science
            agency'' means any Federal agency with an annual extramural
            research expenditure of over $100,000,000.
                (3) Grant personnel.--The term ``grant personnel'' means
            principal investigators and co-principal investigators
            supported by a grant award under Federal law and their
            trainees.
                (4) Institution of higher education.--The term
            ``institution of higher education'' has the meaning given such
            term in section 101 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20
            U.S.C. 1001).
                (5) National academies.--The term ``National Academies''
            means the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and
            Medicine.
                (6) Recipient.--The term ``recipient'' means an entity,
            usually a non-Federal entity, that receives a Federal award
            directly from a Federal awarding agency. The term ``recipient''
            does not include entities that receive subgrants or individuals
            that are the beneficiaries of the award.
                (7) Sexual harassment.--The term ``sexual harassment'' has
            the meaning given such term in section 1604.11 of title 29,
            Code of Federal Regulations (or any successor regulations).
        (c) Research Grants.--
                (1) In general.--The Director shall award grants, on a
            competitive basis, to institutions of higher education or
            nonprofit organizations (or consortia of such institutions or
            organizations)--
                        (A) to expand research efforts to better understand
                    the factors contributing to, and consequences of,
                    sexual harassment affecting individuals in the
                    scientific, technical, engineering, and mathematics
                    workforce, including students and trainees; and
                        (B) to examine best practices to reduce the
                    incidence and negative consequences of such harassment.
                (2) Use of funds.--Activities funded by a grant under this
            subsection may include--
                        (A) research on the sexual harassment experiences
                    of individuals in underrepresented or vulnerable
                    groups, including communities of color, disabled
                    individuals, foreign nationals, sexual- and gender-
                    minority individuals, and others;
                        (B) development and assessment of policies,
                    procedures, trainings, and interventions, with respect
                    to sexual harassment, conflict management, and ways to
                    foster respectful and inclusive climates;
                        (C) research on approaches for remediating the
                    negative impacts and outcomes of such harassment on
                    individuals experiencing such harassment;
                        (D) support for institutions of higher education or
                    nonprofit organizations to develop, adapt, implement,
                    and assess the impact of innovative, evidence-based
                    strategies, policies, and approaches to policy
                    implementation to prevent and address sexual
                    harassment;
                        (E) research on alternatives to the power dynamics
                    and hierarchical and dependent relationships in
                    academia that have been shown to create higher levels
                    of risk for and lower levels of reporting of sexual
                    harassment; and
                        (F) research related to the ongoing compilation,
                    management, and analysis of organizational climate
                    survey data.
        (d) Data Collection.--Not later than 180 days after the date of
    enactment of this Act, the Director, through the National Center for
    Science and Engineering Statistics and with guidance from the Office of
    Management and Budget given their oversight of the Federal statistical
    agencies, shall convene a working group composed of representatives of
    Federal statistical agencies--
                (1) to develop questions on sexual harassment in science,
            technology, engineering, and mathematics departments to gather
            national data on the prevalence, nature, and implications of
            sexual harassment in institutions of higher education that
            builds on the work conducted by the National Center for Science
            and Engineering Statistics in response to recommendations from
            the National Academies to develop questions on harassment; and
                (2) to include such questions as appropriate, with
            sufficient protections of the privacy of respondents, in
            relevant surveys conducted by the National Center for Science
            and Engineering Statistics and other relevant entities.
        (e) Responsible Conduct Guide.--
                (1) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the date of
            enactment of this Act, the Director shall enter into an
            agreement with the National Academies to update the report
            entitled ``On Being a Scientist: A Guide to Responsible Conduct
            in Research'' issued by the National Academies. The report, as
            so updated, shall include--
                        (A) updated professional standards of conduct in
                    research;
                        (B) standards of treatment individuals can expect
                    to receive under such updated standards of conduct;
                        (C) evidence-based practices for fostering a
                    climate intolerant of sexual harassment;
                        (D) methods, including bystander intervention, for
                    identifying and addressing incidents of sexual
                    harassment;
                        (E) professional standards for mentorship and
                    teaching with an emphasis on power diffusion mechanisms
                    and preventing sexual harassment;
                        (F) recommended vetting and hiring practices
                    scientific research entities are urged to implement to
                    eliminate serial harassers; and
                        (G) other topics as the National Academies
                    determines appropriate.
                (2) Recommendations.--In updating the report under
            paragraph (1), the National Academies shall take into account
            recommendations made in the report issued by the National
            Academies in 2018 entitled ``Sexual Harassment of Women:
            Climate, Culture, and Consequences in Academic Sciences,
            Engineering, and Medicine'' and other relevant studies and
            evidence.
                (3) Report.--Not later than 18 months after the effective
            date of the agreement under paragraph (1), the National
            Academies, as part of such agreement, shall submit to the
            Director and the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of
            the House of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce,
            Science, and Transportation of the Senate the report referred
            to in such subsection, as updated pursuant to such subsection.
        (f) Policy Guidelines.--
                (1) Responsibilities of ostp.--The Director of the Office
            of Science and Technology Policy, in coordination with the
            working group on inclusion in STEM fields established under
            section 308 of the American Innovation and Competitiveness Act
            (42 U.S.C. 6626) and the Safe Inclusive Research Environments
            Subcommittee of the National Science and Technology Council,
            and in consultation with representatives from each Federal
            science agency, the Department of Education, and the Equal
            Employment Opportunity Commission, shall--
                        (A) not later than 90 days after the date of the
                    enactment of this Act, submit to the Committee on
                    Science, Space, and Technology of the House of
                    Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science,
                    and Transportation of the Senate an inventory of
                    Federal science agency policies, procedures, and
                    resources dedicated to preventing and responding to
                    reports of sexual harassment;
                        (B) not later than 6 months after the date on which
                    the inventory is submitted under subparagraph (A)--
                                (i) in consultation with outside
                            stakeholders, develop a set of policy
                            guidelines for Federal science agencies; and
                                (ii) submit a report to the committees
                            referred to in subparagraph (A) containing such
                            guidelines;
                        (C) encourage Federal science agencies to develop
                    or maintain and implement policies based on the
                    guidelines developed under subparagraph (B);
                        (D) not later than 1 year after the date on which
                    the inventory under subparagraph (A) is submitted, and
                    every 5 years thereafter, the Director of the Office of
                    Science and Technology Policy shall report to Congress
                    on the implementation by Federal science agencies of
                    the policy guidelines developed under subparagraph (B);
                    and
                        (E) update such policy guidelines as needed.
                (2) Requirements.--
                        (A) In general.--In developing policy guidelines
                    under paragraph (1)(B), the Director of the Office of
                    Science and Technology Policy shall consider guidelines
                    that require, to the extent practicable--
                                (i) recipients to submit to the Federal
                            science agency or agencies from which the
                            recipients receive funding reports relating
                            to--
                                        (I) any decision made to launch a
                                    formal investigation of sexual
                                    harassment by, or of, grant personnel;
                                    and
                                        (II) findings or determinations of
                                    sexual harassment by, or of, grant
                                    personnel, including the final
                                    disposition of a matter involving a
                                    violation of organizational policies
                                    and processes, to include the
                                    exhaustion of permissible appeals, or a
                                    conviction of a sexual offense in a
                                    criminal court of law;
                                (ii) the updating and sharing of reports of
                            sexual harassment submitted under clause (i)
                            with relevant Federal science agencies by
                            agency request; and
                                (iii) consistency among relevant Federal
                            agencies with regards to the policies and
                            procedures for receiving reports submitted
                            pursuant to clause (i).
                        (B) FERPA.--The Director of the Office of Science
                    and Technology Policy shall ensure that such guidelines
                    and requirements are consistent with the requirements
                    of section 444 of the General Education Provisions Act
                    (20 U.S.C. 1232g) (commonly referred to as the ``Family
                    Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974'').
                        (C) Privacy protections.--The Director of the
                    Office of Science and Technology Policy shall ensure
                    that such guidelines and requirements--
                                (i) do not infringe upon the privacy rights
                            of individuals associated with reports
                            submitted to Federal science agencies; and
                                (ii) do not require recipients to provide
                            interim reports to Federal science agencies.
                (3) Considerations.--In developing policy guidelines under
            paragraph (1)(B), the Director of the Office of Science and
            Technology Policy shall consider protocols that require or
            incent--
                        (A) recipients that receive funds from Federal
                    science agencies to periodically assess their
                    organizational climate, which may include the use of
                    climate surveys, focus groups, or exit interviews;
                        (B) recipients that receive funds from Federal
                    science agencies to publish on a publicly available
                    internet website the results of assessments conducted
                    pursuant to paragraph (1), disaggregated by gender and,
                    if possible, race, ethnicity, disability status, and
                    sexual orientation, and in a manner that does not
                    include personally identifiable information;
                        (C) recipients that receive funds from Federal
                    science agencies to make public on an annual basis the
                    number of determinations of sexual harassment at that
                    institution or organization;
                        (D) recipients that receive funds from Federal
                    science agencies to regularly assess and improve
                    policies, procedures, and interventions to reduce the
                    prevalence of and improve the reporting of sexual
                    harassment;
                        (E) each entity applying for Federal assistance
                    awards from a Federal science agency to have a code of
                    conduct for maintaining a healthy and welcoming
                    workplace for grant personnel posted on their public
                    website;
                        (F) each recipient that receives funds from Federal
                    science agencies to have in place mechanisms for the
                    re-integration of individuals who have experienced
                    sexual harassment; and
                        (G) recipients that receive funds from Federal
                    science agencies to work to create a climate intolerant
                    of sexual harassment and that values and promotes
                    diversity and inclusion.
                (4) Federal science agency implementation.--Each Federal
            science agency shall--
                        (A) develop or maintain and implement policies with
                    respect to sexual harassment that are consistent with
                    policy guidelines under paragraph (1)(B) and that
                    protect the privacy of all parties involved in any
                    report and investigation of sexual harassment; and
                        (B) broadly disseminate such policies to current
                    and potential recipients of research grants awarded by
                    such agency.
        (g) National Academies Assessment.--Not later than 3 years after
    the date of enactment of this Act, the Director shall enter into an
    agreement with the National Academies to undertake a study and issue a
    report on the influence of sexual harassment in institutions of higher
    education on the career advancement of individuals in the scientific,
    engineering, technical, and mathematics workforce. The study shall
    assess--
                (1) the state of research on sexual harassment in such
            workforce;
                (2) whether research demonstrates a decrease in the
            prevalence of sexual harassment in such workforce;
                (3) the progress made with respect to implementing
            recommendations promulgated in the National Academies consensus
            study report entitled ``Sexual Harassment of Women: Climate,
            Culture, and Consequences in Academic Sciences, Engineering,
            and Medicine'';
                (4) where to focus future efforts with respect to
            decreasing sexual harassment in such institutions, including
            specific recommendations; and
                (5) other recommendations and issues, as the National
            Academies determines appropriate.
        (h) Government Accountability Office Study.--Not later than 3 years
    after the date of enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of the
    United States shall--
                (1) complete a study that assesses the degree to which
            Federal science agencies have implemented the policy guidelines
            developed under subsection (f)(1)(B) and the effectiveness of
            that implementation; and
                (2) submit a report to the Committee on Science, Space, and
            Technology of the House of Representatives and the Committee on
            Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate on the
            results of such study, including recommendations on potential
            changes to practices and policies to improve those guidelines
            and that implementation.
        (i) Harassment on the Basis of Pregnancy Status.--The Director of
    the Office of Science and Technology Policy, in consultation with the
    Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, shall develop a definition of
    ``harassment on the basis of pregnancy status'' for the purposes of
    carrying out this section.

                            TITLE VI--SPACE MATTERS

                             Subtitle A--SPACE Act

    SEC. 601. SHORT TITLE.

        This subtitle may be cited as the ``Space Preservation and
    Conjunction Emergency Act of 2021'' or the ``SPACE Act''.

    SEC. 602. SENSE OF CONGRESS.

        It is the sense of Congress that--
                (1) the increasingly congested nature of the space
            environment requires immediate action to address the threat of
            collisions between spacecraft and orbital debris;
                (2) such collisions threaten the billions of dollars of
            existing United States and allied spacecraft, including the
            International Space Station, and endanger the future usability
            of space;
                (3) the provision of accurate and timely notice to
            commercial satellite operators with respect to potential
            conjunctions enhances safety;
                (4) a 2020 National Academies for Public Administration
            study identified the Department of Commerce as the preferred
            Federal agency to manage, process, and disseminate space
            situational awareness data to commercial satellite operators;
            and
                (5) given the growing space economy, elevating the Office
            of Space Commerce within the Department of Commerce may enhance
            the ability of the Office of Space Commerce--
                        (A) to promote space safety through future space
                    situational awareness and space traffic management
                    efforts; and
                        (B) to coordinate with other Federal agencies and
                    foreign entities.

    SEC. 603. DEFINITIONS.

        In this subtitle:
                (1) Center.--The term ``Center'' means a Center of
            Excellence for Space Situational Awareness established under
            section 605.
                (2) Institution of higher education.--The term
            ``institution of higher education'' has the meaning given the
            term in section 101 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20
            U.S.C. 1001).
                (3) Orbital debris.--The term ``orbital debris'' means any
            space object that--
                        (A) remains in orbit; and
                        (B) no longer serves any useful function or
                    purpose.
                (4) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary
            of Commerce.
                (5) Space object.--The term ``space object'' means any
            object launched into space or created in space by humans.
                (6) Space situational awareness.--The term ``space
            situational awareness'' means--
                        (A) the identification and characterization of
                    space objects and orbital debris; and
                        (B) the understanding of the manner in which space
                    objects and orbital debris behave in space.

    SEC. 604. SPACE SITUATIONAL AWARENESS DATA, INFORMATION, AND SERVICES:
                  PROVISION TO NON-UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT ENTITIES.

        (a) In General.--Chapter 507 of title 51, United States Code, is
    amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``Sec. 50704. Space situational awareness data, information, and
                  services: provision to non-United States Government
                  entities
        ``(a) Space Situational Awareness Program.--
                ``(1) Requirement.--Pursuant to the authority provided in
            section 50702, the Director of Space Commerce, in coordination
            with appropriate entities within the Department of Commerce and
            the heads of other relevant Federal agencies--
                        ``(A) shall carry out a program to improve the
                    collection, processing, and dissemination of space
                    situational awareness data, information, and services;
                        ``(B) subject to paragraph (2), may provide such
                    data, information, and services to 1 or more eligible
                    entities described in subsection (b);
                        ``(C) may obtain such data, information, and
                    services from 1 or more such eligible entities; and
                        ``(D) not later than 180 days after the date of the
                    enactment of this section, shall obtain data or
                    services from 1 or more United States commercial
                    entities, to be stored in an open-architecture data
                    repository that uses commercially available cloud-based
                    computing platforms and other analytic or visualization
                    capabilities.
                ``(2) Type of information provided.--
                        ``(A) In general.--Data and information provided to
                    eligible entities under paragraph (1)(B) shall be
                    safety-related and unclassified.
                        ``(B) National security.--The Secretary of
                    Commerce, in consultation with the Secretary of Defense
                    and the heads of other relevant Federal agencies, shall
                    develop a policy to determine the type of information
                    that may be provided under paragraph (1) without
                    compromising the national security interests of the
                    United States.
        ``(b) Eligible Entity Described.--An eligible entity described in
    this subsection is any non-United States Government entity, including--
                ``(1) a State;
                ``(2) a political subdivision of a State;
                ``(3) a United States commercial entity;
                ``(4) the government of a foreign country; and
                ``(5) a foreign commercial entity.
        ``(c) Public Services.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Secretary of Commerce shall
            designate a basic level of space situational awareness data,
            information, and services to be provided at no charge to 1 or
            more eligible entities described in subsection (b), which shall
            include public services, free of charge, such as--
                        ``(A) a public catalog of tracked space objects;
                        ``(B) emergency conjunction notifications; and
                        ``(C) any other data or services the Director of
                    Space Commerce considers appropriate.
                ``(2) Limitation.--The Secretary of Commerce may only
            provide data or services under paragraph (1)(C) that compete
            with products offered by United States commercial entities if
            the provision of such data or services is required to address a
            threat to space safety.
        ``(d) Advanced Services.--The Secretary of Commerce may undertake
    activities to promote the development of advanced space situational
    awareness data, information, and services to foster the growth of a
    global space safety industry.
        ``(e) Procedures.--The Secretary of Commerce shall establish
    procedures by which the authority under this section shall be carried
    out.
        ``(f) Immunity.--The United States, any agency or instrumentality
    thereof, and any individual, firm, corporation, or other person acting
    for the United States shall be immune from any suit in any court for
    any cause of action arising from the provision or receipt of space
    situational awareness data, information, or services, whether or not
    provided in accordance with this section, or any related action or
    omission.
    ``Sec. 50705. Authorization of appropriations
        ``There is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary of
    Commerce to carry out this chapter $15,000,000 for fiscal year 2021.''.
        (b) Technical and Conforming Amendment.--The table of sections for
    chapter 507 of title 51, United States Code, is amended by inserting
    after the item relating to section 50703 the following:

    ``50704. Space situational awareness data, information, and services:
                                provision to non-United States Government
                                entities.
    ``50705. Authorization of appropriations.''.

    SEC. 605. CENTERS OF EXCELLENCE FOR SPACE SITUATIONAL AWARENESS.

        (a) In General.--Subject to appropriations, the Secretary shall
    award grants to eligible entities to establish 1 or more Centers of
    Excellence for Space Situational Awareness to advance scientific,
    technological, transdisciplinary, and policy research in space
    situational awareness.
        (b) Purposes.--Each Center shall--
                (1) conduct transdisciplinary research, development, and
            demonstration projects related to detecting, tracking,
            identifying, characterizing, modeling, and minimizing space
            safety, security, and sustainability risks to improve--
                        (A) space situational awareness and the development
                    of open-architecture resources for improved space
                    safety, security, and sustainability;
                        (B) the unique identification, tracking,
                    classification, prediction, and modeling of orbital
                    debris and space objects;
                        (C) the monitoring, quantification, assessment,
                    modeling, and prediction of space operations and
                    environmental threats and hazards, including in space
                    collisions;
                        (D) peer exchange and documentation of evidence-
                    based practices, policies, laws, and regulations
                    related to orbital debris mitigation and remediation;
                    and
                        (E) sharing, modeling, and curation of data related
                    to orbital debris, space objects, and the environment
                    of orbital debris and space objects;
                (2) conduct policy research related to space safety,
            security, and sustainability so as to improve sharing of common
            data and legal standards related to orbital debris;
                (3) leverage non-Federal sources of support to improve
            space situational awareness and minimize space safety,
            security, and sustainability risks; and
                (4) draw on commercial capabilities and data, as
            appropriate.
        (c) Eligible Entities.--
                (1) In general.--To be eligible for a grant under this
            section, an entity shall be a consortium led by--
                        (A) an institution of higher education; or
                        (B) a nonprofit organization.
                (2) Membership of consortium.--The consortium referred to
            in paragraph (1) may include 1 or more--
                        (A) commercial entities;
                        (B) Federal laboratories, including Department of
                    Defense research laboratories; and
                        (C) other institutions of higher education or
                    nonprofit organizations.
        (d) Considerations.--In awarding grants under this section, the
    Secretary shall consider, at a minimum--
                (1) the potential of a proposed Center--
                        (A) to improve the science and technology of space
                    situational awareness; and
                        (B) to reduce the amount of space safety, security,
                    and sustainability risks; and
                (2) the commitment of financial support, advice,
            participation, and other contributions from non-Federal
            sources.
        (e) Grant Period.--A grant awarded under this section shall be
    awarded for a period of 5 years.
        (f) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be
    appropriated to carry out this section $20,000,000.

    Subtitle B--National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization
                                      Act

    SEC. 611. SHORT TITLE.

        This subtitle may be cited as the ``National Aeronautics and Space
    Administration Authorization Act of 2021''.

    SEC. 612. DEFINITIONS.

        In this subtitle:
                (1) Administration.--The term ``Administration'' means the
            National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
                (2) Administrator.--The term ``Administrator'' means the
            Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space
            Administration.
                (3) Appropriate committees of congress.--Except as
            otherwise expressly provided, the term ``appropriate committees
            of Congress'' means--
                        (A) the Committee on Commerce, Science, and
                    Transportation of the Senate; and
                        (B) the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology
                    of the House of Representatives.
                (4) Cislunar space.--The term ``cislunar space'' means the
            region of space beyond low-Earth orbit out to and including the
            region around the surface of the Moon.
                (5) Deep space.--The term ``deep space'' means the region
            of space beyond low-Earth orbit, including cislunar space.
                (6) Development cost.--The term ``development cost'' has
            the meaning given the term in section 30104 of title 51, United
            States Code.
                (7) ISS.--The term ``ISS'' means the International Space
            Station.
                (8) ISS management entity.--The term ``ISS management
            entity'' means the organization with which the Administrator
            has entered into a cooperative agreement under section 504(a)
            of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration
            Authorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 18354(a)).
                (9) NASA.--The term ``NASA'' means the National Aeronautics
            and Space Administration.
                (10) Orion.--The term ``Orion'' means the multipurpose crew
            vehicle described in section 303 of the National Aeronautics
            and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C.
            18323).
                (11) OSTP.--The term ``OSTP'' means the Office of Science
            and Technology Policy.
                (12) Space launch system.--The term ``Space Launch System''
            means the Space Launch System authorized under section 302 of
            the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Act of 2010
            (42 U.S.C. 18322).

                    PART I--AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS

    SEC. 613. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

        There are authorized to be appropriated to the Administration for
    fiscal year 2021 $23,495,000,000 as follows:
                (1) For Exploration, $6,706,400,000.
                (2) For Space Operations, $3,988,200,000.
                (3) For Science, $7,274,700,000.
                (4) For Aeronautics, $828,700,000.
                (5) For Space Technology, $1,206,000,000.
                (6) For Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics
            Engagement, $120,000,000.
                (7) For Safety, Security, and Mission Services,
            $2,936,500,000.
                (8) For Construction and Environmental Compliance and
            Restoration, $390,300,000.
                (9) For Inspector General, $44,200,000.

                   PART II--HUMAN SPACEFLIGHT AND EXPLORATION

    SEC. 614. COMPETITIVENESS WITHIN THE HUMAN LANDING SYSTEM PROGRAM.

        (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
                (1) advances in space technology and space exploration
            capabilities ensure the long-term technological preeminence,
            economic competitiveness, STEM workforce development, and
            national security of the United States;
                (2) the development of technologies that enable human
            exploration of the lunar surface and other celestial bodies is
            critical to the space industrial base of the United States;
                (3) commercial entities in the United States have made
            significant investment and progress toward the development of
            human-class lunar landers;
                (4) NASA developed the Artemis program--
                        (A) to fulfill the goal of landing United States
                    astronauts, including the first woman and the next man,
                    on the Moon; and
                        (B) to collaborate with commercial and
                    international partners to establish sustainable lunar
                    exploration by 2028;
                (5) in carrying out the Artemis program, the Administrator
            should ensure that the entire Artemis program is inclusive and
            representative of all people of the United States, including
            women and minorities; and
                (6) maintaining multiple technically-credible providers
            within NASA commercial programs is a best practice that reduces
            programmatic risk.
        (b) Statement of Policy.--It shall be the policy of the United
    States--
                (1) to bolster the domestic space technology industrial
            base, using existing tools and authorities, particularly in
            areas central to competition between the United States and the
            People's Republic of China; and
                (2) to mitigate threats and minimize challenges to the
            superiority of the United States in space technology, including
            lunar infrastructure and lander capabilities.
        (c) Human Landing System Program.--
                (1) In general.--Not later than 30 days after the date of
            the enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall maintain
            competitiveness within the human landing system program by
            funding design, development, testing, and evaluation for not
            fewer than 2 entities.
                (2) Requirements.--In carrying out the human landing system
            program referred to in paragraph (1), the Administrator shall,
            to the extent practicable--
                        (A) encourage reusability and sustainability of
                    systems developed;
                        (B) offer existing capabilities and assets of NASA
                    centers to support such partnerships; and
                        (C) seek to foster a robust and diverse space
                    technology industrial base.
                (3) Briefing.--Not later than 60 days after the date of the
            enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall provide to the
            appropriate committees of Congress a briefing on the
            implementation of paragraph (1).
                (4) Authorization of appropriations.--In addition to
            amounts otherwise appropriated for the Artemis program, for
            fiscal years 2021 through 2026, there is authorized to be
            appropriated not less than $10,032,000,000 to NASA to carry out
            the human landing system program.
        (d) Appropriate Committees of Congress Defined.--In this section,
    the term ``appropriate committees of Congress'' means--
                (1) the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation
            and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate; and
                (2) the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology and the
            Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives.

    SEC. 615. SPACE LAUNCH SYSTEM CONFIGURATIONS.

        (a) Mobile Launch Platform.--The Administrator is authorized to
    maintain 2 operational mobile launch platforms to enable the launch of
    multiple configurations of the Space Launch System.
        (b) Exploration Upper Stage.--To meet the capability requirements
    under section 302(c)(2) of the National Aeronautics and Space
    Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 18322(c)(2)), the
    Administrator shall continue development of the Exploration Upper Stage
    for the Space Launch System with a scheduled availability sufficient
    for use on the third launch of the Space Launch System.
        (c) Briefing.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the
    enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall brief the appropriate
    committees of Congress on the development and scheduled availability of
    the Exploration Upper Stage for the third launch of the Space Launch
    System.
        (d) Main Propulsion Test Article.--To meet the requirements under
    section 302(c)(3) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration
    Authorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 18322(c)(3)), the Administrator
    shall--
                (1) immediately on completion of the first full-duration
            integrated core stage test of the Space Launch System, initiate
            development of a main propulsion test article for the
            integrated core stage propulsion elements of the Space Launch
            System, consistent with cost and schedule constraints,
            particularly for long-lead propulsion hardware needed for
            flight;
                (2) not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment
            of this Act, submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a
            detailed plan for the development and operation of such main
            propulsion test article; and
                (3) use existing capabilities of NASA centers for the
            design, manufacture, and operation of the main propulsion test
            article.

    SEC. 616. ADVANCED SPACESUITS.

        (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that next-
    generation advanced spacesuits are a critical technology for human
    space exploration and use of low-Earth orbit, cislunar space, the
    surface of the Moon, and Mars.
        (b) Development Plan.--The Administrator shall establish a detailed
    plan for the development and manufacture of advanced spacesuits,
    consistent with the deep space exploration goals and timetables of
    NASA.
        (c) Diverse Astronaut Corps.--The Administrator shall ensure that
    spacesuits developed and manufactured after the date of the enactment
    of this Act are capable of accommodating a wide range of sizes of
    astronauts so as to meet the needs of the diverse NASA astronaut corps.
        (d) ISS Use.--Throughout the operational life of the ISS, the
    Administrator should fully use the ISS for testing advanced spacesuits.
        (e) Prior Investments.--
                (1) In general.--In developing an advanced spacesuit, the
            Administrator shall, to the maximum extent practicable, partner
            with industry-proven spacesuit design, development, and
            manufacturing suppliers and leverage prior and existing
            investments in advanced spacesuit technologies and existing
            capabilities at NASA centers to maximize the benefits of such
            investments and technologies.
                (2) Agreements with private entities.--In carrying out this
            subsection, the Administrator may enter into 1 or more
            agreements with 1 or more private entities for the manufacture
            of advanced spacesuits, as the Administrator considers
            appropriate.
        (f) Briefing.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the
    enactment of this Act, and semiannually thereafter until NASA procures
    advanced spacesuits under this section, the Administrator shall brief
    the appropriate committees of Congress on the development plan in
    subsection (b).

    SEC. 617. ACQUISITION OF DOMESTIC SPACE TRANSPORTATION AND LOGISTICS
                  RESUPPLY SERVICES.

        (a) In General.--Except as provided in subsection (b), the
    Administrator shall not enter into any contract with a person or entity
    that proposes to use, or will use, a foreign launch provider for a
    commercial service to provide space transportation or logistics
    resupply for--
                (1) the ISS; or
                (2) any Government-owned or Government-funded platform in
            Earth orbit or cislunar space, on the lunar surface, or
            elsewhere in space.
        (b) Exception.--The Administrator may enter into a contract with a
    person or an entity that proposes to use, or will use, a foreign launch
    provider for a commercial service to carry out an activity described in
    subsection (a) if--
                (1) a domestic vehicle or service is unavailable; or
                (2) the launch vehicle or service is a contribution by a
            partner to an international no-exchange-of-funds collaborative
            effort.
        (c) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this section shall be
    construed to prohibit the Administrator from entering into 1 or more
    no-exchange-of-funds collaborative agreements with an international
    partner in support of the deep space exploration plan of NASA.

    SEC. 618. ROCKET ENGINE TEST INFRASTRUCTURE.

        (a) In General.--The Administrator shall continue to carry out a
    program to modernize rocket propulsion test infrastructure at NASA
    facilities--
                (1) to increase capabilities;
                (2) to enhance safety;
                (3) to support propulsion development and testing; and
                (4) to foster the improvement of Government and commercial
            space transportation and exploration.
        (b) Projects.--Projects funded under the program described in
    subsection (a) may include--
                (1) infrastructure and other facilities and systems
            relating to rocket propulsion test stands and rocket propulsion
            testing;
                (2) enhancements to test facility capacity and flexibility;
            and
                (3) such other projects as the Administrator considers
            appropriate to meet the goals described in that subsection.
        (c) Requirements.--In carrying out the program under subsection
    (a), the Administrator shall--
                (1) prioritize investments in projects that enhance test
            and flight certification capabilities for large thrust-level
            atmospheric and altitude engines and engine systems, and multi-
            engine integrated test capabilities;
                (2) continue to make underutilized test facilities
            available for commercial use on a reimbursable basis; and
                (3) ensure that no project carried out under this program
            adversely impacts, delays, or defers testing or other
            activities associated with facilities used for Government
            programs, including--
                        (A) the Space Launch System and the Exploration
                    Upper Stage of the Space Launch System;
                        (B) in-space propulsion to support exploration
                    missions; or
                        (C) nuclear propulsion testing.
        (d) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this section shall preclude a
    NASA program, including the Space Launch System and the Exploration
    Upper Stage of the Space Launch System, from using the modernized test
    infrastructure developed under this section.
        (e) Working Capital Fund Study.--
                (1) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the date of
            the enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall submit to
            the appropriate committees of Congress a report on the use of
            the authority under section 30102 of title 51, United States
            Code, to promote increased use of NASA rocket propulsion test
            infrastructure for research, development, testing, and
            evaluation activities by other Federal agencies, firms,
            associations, corporations, and educational institutions.
                (2) Matters to be included.--The report required by
            paragraph (1) shall include the following:
                        (A) An assessment of prior use, if any, of the
                    authority under section 30102 of title 51, United
                    States Code, to improve testing infrastructure.
                        (B) An analysis of any barrier to implementation of
                    such authority for the purpose of promoting increased
                    use of NASA rocket propulsion test infrastructure.

    SEC. 619. PEARL RIVER MAINTENANCE.

        (a) In General.--The Administrator shall coordinate with the Chief
    of the Army Corps of Engineers to ensure the continued navigability of
    the Pearl River and Little Lake channels sufficient to support NASA
    barge operations surrounding Stennis Space Center and the Michoud
    Assembly Facility.
        (b) Report to Congress.--Not later than 180 days after the date of
    the enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall submit to the
    appropriate committees of Congress a report on efforts under subsection
    (a).
        (c) Appropriate Committees of Congress Defined.--In this section,
    the term ``appropriate committees of Congress'' means--
                (1) the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation,
            the Committee on Environment and Public Works, and the
            Committee on Appropriations of the Senate; and
                (2) the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, the
            Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure, and the
            Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives.

    SEC. 620. VALUE OF INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION AND CAPABILITIES IN LOW-
                  EARTH ORBIT.

        (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
                (1) it is in the national and economic security interests
            of the United States to maintain a continuous human presence in
            low-Earth orbit;
                (2) low-Earth orbit should be used as a test bed to advance
            human space exploration and scientific discoveries; and
                (3) the ISS is a critical component of economic,
            commercial, and industrial development in low-Earth orbit.
        (b) Human Presence Requirement.--The United States shall
    continuously maintain the capability for a continuous human presence in
    low-Earth orbit through and beyond the useful life of the ISS.

    SEC. 621. EXTENSION AND MODIFICATION RELATING TO INTERNATIONAL SPACE
                  STATION.

        (a) Policy.--Section 501(a) of the National Aeronautics and Space
    Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 18351(a)) is
    amended by striking ``2024'' and inserting ``2030''.
        (b) Maintenance of United States Segment and Assurance of Continued
    Operations.--Section 503(a) of the National Aeronautics and Space
    Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 18353(a)) is
    amended by striking ``September 30, 2024'' and inserting ``September
    30, 2030''.
        (c) Research Capacity Allocation and Integration of Research
    Payloads.--Section 504(d) of the National Aeronautics and Space
    Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 18354(d)) is
    amended--
                (1) in paragraph (1), in the first sentence--
                        (A) by striking ``As soon as practicable'' and all
                    that follows through ``2011,'' and inserting ``The'';
                    and
                        (B) by striking ``September 30, 2024'' and
                    inserting ``September 30, 2030''; and
                (2) in paragraph (2), in the third sentence, by striking
            ``September 30, 2024'' and inserting ``September 30, 2030''.
        (d) Maintenance of Use.--Section 70907 of title 51, United States
    Code, is amended--
                (1) in the section heading, by striking ``2024'' and
            inserting ``2030'';
                (2) in subsection (a), by striking ``September 30, 2024''
            and inserting ``September 30, 2030''; and
                (3) in subsection (b)(3), by striking ``September 30,
            2024'' and inserting ``September 30, 2030''.
        (e) Transition Plan Reports.--Section 50111(c)(2) of title 51,
    United States Code is amended--
                (1) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by striking
            ``2023'' and inserting ``2028''; and
                (2) in subparagraph (J), by striking ``2028'' and inserting
            ``2030''.
        (f) Elimination of International Space Station National Laboratory
    Advisory Committee.--Section 70906 of title 51, United States Code, is
    repealed.
        (g) Conforming Amendments.--Chapter 709 of title 51, United States
    Code, is amended--
                (1) by redesignating section 70907 as section 70906; and
                (2) in the table of sections for the chapter, by striking
            the items relating to sections 70906 and 70907 and inserting
            the following:

    ``70906. Maintaining use through at least 2030.''.

    SEC. 622. DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE ACTIVITIES ON INTERNATIONAL SPACE
                  STATION.

        (a) In General.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the
    enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense shall--
                (1) identify and review each activity, program, and project
            of the Department of Defense completed, being carried out, or
            planned to be carried out on the ISS as of the date of the
            review; and
                (2) provide to the appropriate committees of Congress a
            briefing that describes the results of the review.
        (b) Appropriate Committees of Congress Defined.--In this section,
    the term ``appropriate committees of Congress'' means--
                (1) the Committee on Armed Services, the Committee on
            Appropriations, and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and
            Transportation of the Senate; and
                (2) the Committee on Armed Services, the Committee on
            Appropriations, and the Committee on Science, Space, and
            Technology of the House of Representatives.

    SEC. 623. COMMERCIAL DEVELOPMENT IN LOW-EARTH ORBIT.

        (a) Statement of Policy.--It is the policy of the United States to
    encourage the development of a thriving and robust United States
    commercial sector in low-Earth orbit.
        (b) Preference for United States Commercial Products and
    Services.--The Administrator shall continue to increase the use of
    assets, products, and services of private entities in the United States
    to fulfill the low-Earth orbit requirements of the Administration.
        (c) Noncompetition.--
                (1) In general.--Except as provided in paragraph (2), the
            Administrator may not offer to a foreign person or a foreign
            government a spaceflight product or service relating to the
            ISS, if a comparable spaceflight product or service, as
            applicable, is offered by a private entity in the United
            States.
                (2) Exception.--The Administrator may offer a spaceflight
            product or service relating to the ISS to the government of a
            country that is a signatory to the Agreement Among the
            Government of Canada, Governments of Member States of the
            European Space Agency, the Government of Japan, the Government
            of the Russian Federation, and the Government of the United
            States of America Concerning Cooperation on the Civil
            International Space Station, signed at Washington January 29,
            1998, and entered into force on March 27, 2001 (TIAS 12927),
            including an international partner astronaut (as defined in
            section 50902 of title 51, United States Code) that is
            sponsored by the government of such a country.
        (d) Short-duration Commercial Missions.--To provide opportunities
    for additional transport of astronauts to the ISS and help establish a
    commercial market in low-Earth orbit, the Administrator may permit
    short-duration missions to the ISS for commercial passengers on a fully
    or partially reimbursable basis.
        (e) Program Authorization.--
                (1) Establishment.--The Administrator shall establish a
            low-Earth orbit commercial development program to encourage the
            fullest commercial use and development of space by private
            entities in the United States.
                (2) Elements.--The program established under paragraph (1)
            shall, to the maximum extent practicable, include activities--
                        (A) to stimulate demand for--
                                (i) space-based commercial research,
                            development, and manufacturing;
                                (ii) spaceflight products and services; and
                                (iii) human spaceflight products and
                            services in low-Earth orbit;
                        (B) to improve the capability of the ISS to
                    accommodate commercial users; and
                        (C) subject to paragraph (3), to foster the
                    development of commercial space stations and habitats.
                (3) Commercial space stations and habitats.--
                        (A) Priority.--With respect to an activity to
                    develop a commercial space station or habitat, the
                    Administrator shall give priority to an activity for
                    which a private entity provides a significant share of
                    the cost to develop and operate the activity.
                        (B) Report.--Not later than 30 days after the date
                    that an award or agreement is made to carry out an
                    activity to develop a commercial space station or
                    habitat, the Administrator shall submit to the
                    appropriate committees of Congress a report on the
                    development of the commercial space station or habitat,
                    as applicable, that includes--
                                (i) a business plan that describes the
                            manner in which the project will--
                                        (I) meet the future requirements of
                                    NASA for low-Earth orbit human space-
                                    flight services; and
                                        (II) fulfill the cost-share funding
                                    prioritization under subparagraph (A);
                                    and
                                (ii) a review of the viability of the
                            operational business case, including--
                                        (I) the level of expected
                                    Government participation;
                                        (II) a list of anticipated
                                    nongovernmental an international
                                    customers and associated contributions;
                                    and
                                        (III) an assessment of long-term
                                    sustainability for the nongovernmental
                                    customers, including an independent
                                    assessment of the viability of the
                                    market for such commercial services or
                                    products.

    SEC. 624. MAINTAINING A NATIONAL LABORATORY IN SPACE.

        (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
                (1) the United States segment of the International Space
            Station (as defined in section 70905 of title 51, United States
            Code), which is designated as a national laboratory under
            section 70905(b) of title 51, United States Code--
                        (A) benefits the scientific community and promotes
                    commerce in space;
                        (B) fosters stronger relationships among NASA and
                    other Federal agencies, the private sector, and
                    research groups and universities;
                        (C) advances science, technology, engineering, and
                    mathematics education through use of the unique
                    microgravity environment; and
                        (D) advances human knowledge and international
                    cooperation;
                (2) after the ISS is decommissioned, the United States
            should maintain a national microgravity laboratory in space;
                (3) in maintaining a national microgravity laboratory in
            space, the United States should make appropriate accommodations
            for different types of ownership and operation arrangements for
            the ISS and future space stations;
                (4) to the maximum extent practicable, a national
            microgravity laboratory in space should be maintained in
            cooperation with international space partners; and
                (5) NASA should continue to support fundamental science
            research on future platforms in low-Earth orbit and cislunar
            space, orbital and suborbital flights, drop towers, and other
            microgravity testing environments.
        (b) Report.--The Administrator, in coordination with the National
    Space Council and other Federal agencies as the Administrator considers
    appropriate, shall issue a report detailing the feasibility of
    establishing a microgravity national laboratory federally funded
    research and development center to carry out activities relating to the
    study and use of in-space conditions.

    SEC. 625. INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION NATIONAL LABORATORY; PROPERTY
                  RIGHTS IN INVENTIONS.

        (a) In General.--Subchapter III of chapter 201 of title 51, United
    States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``Sec. 20150. Property rights in designated inventions
        ``(a) Exclusive Property Rights.--Notwithstanding section 3710a of
    title 15, chapter 18 of title 35, section 20135, or any other provision
    of law, a designated invention shall be the exclusive property of a
    user, and shall not be subject to a Government-purpose license, if--
                ``(1)(A) the Administration is reimbursed under the terms
            of the contract for the full cost of a contribution by the
            Federal Government of the use of Federal facilities, equipment,
            materials, proprietary information of the Federal Government,
            or services of a Federal employee during working hours,
            including the cost for the Administration to carry out its
            responsibilities under paragraphs (1) and (4) of section 504(d)
            of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration
            Authorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 18354(d));
                ``(B) Federal funds are not transferred to the user under
            the contract; and
                ``(C) the designated invention was made (as defined in
            section 20135(a))--
                        ``(i) solely by the user; or
                        ``(ii)(I) by the user with the services of a
                    Federal employee under the terms of the contract; and
                        ``(II) the Administration is reimbursed for such
                    services under subparagraph (B); or
                ``(2) the Administrator determines that the relevant field
            of commercial endeavor is sufficiently immature that granting
            exclusive property rights to the user is necessary to help
            bolster demand for products and services produced on crewed or
            crew-tended space stations.
        ``(b) Notification to Congress.--On completion of a determination
    made under paragraph (2), the Administrator shall submit to the
    appropriate committees of Congress a notification of the determination
    that includes a written justification.
        ``(c) Public Availability.--A determination or part of such
    determination under paragraph (1) shall be made available to the public
    on request, as required under section 552 of title 5, United States
    Code (commonly referred to as the `Freedom of Information Act').
        ``(d) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this section may be
    construed to affect the rights of the Federal Government, including
    property rights in inventions, under any contract, except in the case
    of a written contract with the Administration or the ISS management
    entity for the performance of a designated activity.
        ``(e) Definitions.--In this section--
                ``(1) Contract.--The term `contract' has the meaning giving
            the term in section 20135(a).
                ``(2) Designated activity.--The term `designated activity'
            means any non-NASA scientific use of the ISS national
            laboratory as described in section 504 of the National
            Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2010
            (42 U.S.C. 18354).
                ``(3) Designated invention.--The term `designated
            invention' means any invention, product, or service conceived
            or first reduced to practice by any person in the performance
            of a designated activity under a written contract with the
            Administration or the ISS management entity.
                ``(4) Full cost.--The term `full cost' means the cost of
            transporting materials or passengers to and from the ISS,
            including any power needs, the disposal of mass, crew member
            time, stowage, power on the ISS, data downlink, crew
            consumables, and life support.
                ``(5) Government-purpose license.--The term `Government-
            purpose license' means the reservation by the Federal
            Government of an irrevocable, nonexclusive, nontransferable,
            royalty-free license for the use of an invention throughout the
            world by or on behalf of the United States or any foreign
            government pursuant to a treaty or agreement with the United
            States.
                ``(6) ISS management entity.--The term `ISS management
            entity' means the organization with which the Administrator
            enters into a cooperative agreement under section 504(a) of the
            National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act
            of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 18354(a)).
                ``(7) User.--The term `user' means a person, including a
            nonprofit organization or small business firm (as such terms
            are defined in section 201 of title 35), or class of persons
            that enters into a written contract with the Administration or
            the ISS management entity for the performance of designated
            activities.''.
        (b) Conforming Amendment.--The table of sections for chapter 201 of
    title 51, United States Code, is amended by inserting after the item
    relating to section 20149 the following:

    ``20150. Property rights in designated inventions.''.

    SEC. 626. DATA FIRST PRODUCED DURING NON-NASA SCIENTIFIC USE OF THE ISS
                  NATIONAL LABORATORY.

        (a) Data Rights.--Subchapter III of chapter 201 of title 51, United
    States Code, as amended by section 626, is further amended by adding at
    the end the following:
    ``Sec. 20151. Data rights
        ``(a) Non-NASA Scientific Use of the ISS National Laboratory.--The
    Federal Government may not use or reproduce, or disclose outside of the
    Government, any data first produced in the performance of a designated
    activity under a written contract with the Administration or the ISS
    management entity, unless--
                ``(1) otherwise agreed under the terms of the contract with
            the Administration or the ISS management entity, as applicable;
                ``(2) the designated activity is carried out with Federal
            funds;
                ``(3) disclosure is required by law;
                ``(4) the Federal Government has rights in the data under
            another Federal contract, grant, cooperative agreement, or
            other transaction; or
                ``(5) the data is--
                        ``(A) otherwise lawfully acquired or independently
                    developed by the Federal Government;
                        ``(B) related to the health and safety of personnel
                    on the ISS; or
                        ``(C) essential to the performance of work by the
                    ISS management entity or NASA personnel.
        ``(b) Definitions.--In this section:
                ``(1) Contract.--The term `contract' has the meaning given
            the term under section 20135(a).
                ``(2) Data.--
                        ``(A) In general.--The term `data' means recorded
                    information, regardless of form or the media on which
                    it may be recorded.
                        ``(B) Inclusions.--The term `data' includes
                    technical data and computer software.
                        ``(C) Exclusions.--The term `data' does not include
                    information incidental to contract administration, such
                    as financial, administrative, cost or pricing, or
                    management information.
                ``(3) Designated activity.--The term `designated activity'
            has the meaning given the term in section 20150.
                ``(4) ISS management entity.--The term `ISS management
            entity' has the meaning given the term in section 20150.''.
        (b) Special Handling of Trade Secrets or Confidential
    Information.--Section 20131(b)(2) of title 51, United States Code, is
    amended to read as follows:
                ``(2) Information described.--
                        ``(A) Activities under agreement.--Information
                    referred to in paragraph (1) is information that--
                                ``(i) results from activities conducted
                            under an agreement entered into under
                            subsections (e) and (f) of section 20113; and
                                ``(ii) would be a trade secret or
                            commercial or financial information that is
                            privileged or confidential within the meaning
                            of section 552(b)(4) of title 5 if the
                            information had been obtained from a non-
                            Federal party participating in such an
                            agreement.
                        ``(B) Certain data.--Information referred to in
                    paragraph (1) includes data (as defined in section
                    20151) that--
                                ``(i) was first produced by the
                            Administration in the performance of any
                            designated activity (as defined in section
                            20150); and
                                ``(ii) would be a trade secret or
                            commercial or financial information that is
                            privileged or confidential within the meaning
                            of section 552(b)(4) of title 5 if the data had
                            been obtained from a non-Federal party.''.
        (c) Conforming Amendment.--The table of sections for chapter 201 of
    title 51, United States Code, as amended by section 626, is further
    amended by inserting after the item relating to section 20150 the
    following:

    ``20151. Data rights.''.

    SEC. 627. PAYMENTS RECEIVED FOR COMMERCIAL SPACE-ENABLED PRODUCTION ON
                  THE ISS.

        (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
                (1) the Administrator should determine a threshold for NASA
            to recover the costs of supporting the commercial development
            of products or services aboard the ISS, through the negotiation
            of agreements, similar to agreements made by other Federal
            agencies that support private sector innovation; and
                (2) the amount of such costs that to be recovered or
            profits collected through such agreements should be applied by
            the Administrator through a tiered process, taking into
            consideration the relative maturity and profitability of the
            applicable product or service.
        (b) In General.--Subchapter III of chapter 201 of title 51, United
    States Code, as amended by section 627, is further amended by adding at
    the end the following:
    ``Sec. 20152. Payments received for commercial space-enable production
        ``(a) Annual Review.--
                ``(1) In general.--Not later than one year after the date
            of the enactment of this section, and annually thereafter, the
            Administrator shall review the profitability of any partnership
            with a private entity under a contract in which the
            Administrator--
                        ``(A) permits the use of the ISS by such private
                    entities to produce a commercial product or service;
                    and
                        ``(B) provides the total unreimbursed cost of a
                    contribution by the Federal Government for the use of
                    Federal facilities, equipment, materials, proprietary
                    information of the Federal Government, or services of a
                    Federal employee during working hours, including the
                    cost for the Administration to carry out its
                    responsibilities under paragraphs (1) and (4) of
                    section 504(d) of the National Aeronautics and Space
                    Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C.
                    18354(d)).
                ``(2) Negotiation of reimbursements.--Subject to the review
            described in paragraph (1), the Administrator shall seek to
            enter into an agreement to negotiate reimbursements for
            payments received, or portions of profits created, by any
            mature, profitable private entity described in that paragraph,
            as appropriate, through a tiered process that reflects the
            profitability of the relevant product or service.
                ``(3) Use of funds.--Amounts received by the Administrator
            in accordance with an agreement under paragraph (2) shall be
            used by the Administrator in the following order of priority:
                        ``(A) To defray the operating cost of the ISS.
                        ``(B) To develop, implement, or operate future low-
                    Earth orbit platforms or capabilities.
                        ``(C) To develop, implement, or operate future
                    human deep space platforms or capabilities.
                        ``(D) Any other costs the Administrator considers
                    appropriate.
                ``(4) Report.--On completion of the first annual review
            under paragraph (1), and annually thereafter, the Administrator
            shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a report
            that includes a description of the results of the annual
            review, any agreement entered into under this section, and the
            amounts recouped or obtained under any such agreement.
        ``(b) Licensing and Assignment of Inventions.--Notwithstanding
    sections 3710a and 3710c of title 15 and any other provision of law,
    after payment in accordance with subsection (A)(i) of such section
    3710c(a)(1)(A)(i) to the inventors who have directly assigned to the
    Federal Government their interests in an invention under a written
    contract with the Administration or the ISS management entity for the
    performance of a designated activity, the balance of any royalty or
    other payment received by the Administrator or the ISS management
    entity from licensing and assignment of such invention shall be paid by
    the Administrator or the ISS management entity, as applicable, to the
    Space Exploration Fund.
        ``(c) Space Exploration Fund.--
                ``(1) Establishment.--There is established in the Treasury
            of the United States a fund, to be known as the `Space
            Exploration Fund' (referred to in this subsection as the
            `Fund'), to be administered by the Administrator.
                ``(2) Use of fund.--The Fund shall be available to carry
            out activities described in subsection (a)(3).
                ``(3) Deposits.--There shall be deposited in the Fund--
                        ``(A) amounts appropriated to the Fund;
                        ``(B) fees and royalties collected by the
                    Administrator or the ISS management entity under
                    subsections (a) and (b); and
                        ``(C) donations or contributions designated to
                    support authorized activities.
                ``(4) Rule of construction.--Amounts available to the
            Administrator under this subsection shall be--
                        ``(A) in addition to amounts otherwise made
                    available for the purpose described in paragraph (2);
                    and
                        ``(B) available for a period of 5 years, to the
                    extent and in the amounts provided in annual
                    appropriation Acts.
        ``(d) Definitions.--
                ``(1) In general.--In this section, any term used in this
            section that is also used in section 20150 shall have the
            meaning given the term in that section.
                ``(2) Appropriate committees of congress.--The term
            `appropriate committees of Congress' means--
                        ``(A) the Committee on Commerce, Science, and
                    Transportation and the Committee on Appropriations of
                    the Senate; and
                        ``(B) the Committee on Science, Space, and
                    Technology and the Committee on Appropriations of the
                    House of Representatives.''.
        (c) Conforming Amendment.--The table of sections for chapter 201 of
    title 51, United States Code, as amended by section and 626, is further
    amended by inserting after the item relating to section 20151 the
    following:

    ``20152. Payments received for commercial space-enabled production.''.

    SEC. 628. STEPPING STONE APPROACH TO EXPLORATION.

        (a) In General.--Section 70504 of title 51, United States Code, is
    amended to read as follows:
    ``Sec. 70504. Stepping stone approach to exploration
        ``(a) In General.--The Administrator, in sustainable steps, may
    conduct missions to intermediate destinations, such as the Moon, in
    accordance with section 20302(b), and on a timetable determined by the
    availability of funding, in order to achieve the objective of human
    exploration of Mars specified in section 202(b)(5) of the National
    Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (42
    U.S.C. 18312(b)(5)), if the Administrator--
                ``(1) determines that each such mission demonstrates or
            advances a technology or operational concept that will enable
            human missions to Mars; and
                ``(2) incorporates each such mission into the human
            exploration roadmap under section 432 of the National
            Aeronautics and Space Administration Transition Authorization
            Act of 2017 (Public Law 115-10; 51 U.S.C. 20302 note).
        ``(b) Cislunar Space Exploration Activities.--In conducting a
    mission under subsection (a), the Administrator shall--
                ``(1) use a combination of launches of the Space Launch
            System and space transportation services from United States
            commercial providers, as appropriate, for the mission;
                ``(2) plan for not fewer than 1 Space Launch System launch
            annually beginning after the first successful crewed launch of
            Orion on the Space Launch System; and
                ``(3) establish an outpost in orbit around the Moon that--
                        ``(A) demonstrates technologies, systems, and
                    operational concepts directly applicable to the space
                    vehicle that will be used to transport humans to Mars;
                        ``(B) has the capability for periodic human
                    habitation; and
                        ``(C) can function as a point of departure, return,
                    or staging for Administration or nongovernmental or
                    international partner missions to multiple locations on
                    the lunar surface or other destinations.
        ``(c) Cost-effectiveness.--To maximize the cost-effectiveness of
    the long-term space exploration and utilization activities of the
    United States, the Administrator shall take all necessary steps,
    including engaging nongovernmental and international partners, to
    ensure that activities in the Administration's human space exploration
    program are balanced in order to help meet the requirements of future
    exploration and utilization activities leading to human habitation on
    the surface of Mars.
        ``(d) Completion.--Within budgetary considerations, once an
    exploration-related project enters its development phase, the
    Administrator shall seek, to the maximum extent practicable, to
    complete that project without undue delay.
        ``(e) International Participation.--To achieve the goal of
    successfully conducting a crewed mission to the surface of Mars, the
    Administrator shall invite the partners in the ISS program and other
    nations, as appropriate, to participate in an international initiative
    under the leadership of the United States.''.
        (b) Definition of Cislunar Space.--Section 10101 of title 51,
    United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following:
                ``(3) Cislunar space.--The term `cislunar space' means the
            region of space beyond low-Earth orbit out to and including the
            region around the surface of the Moon.''.
        (c) Technical and Conforming Amendments.--Section 3 of the National
    Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (42
    U.S.C. 18302) is amended by striking paragraphs (2) and (3) and
    inserting the following:
                ``(2) Appropriate committees of congress.--The term
            `appropriate committees of Congress' means--
                        ``(A) the Committee on Commerce, Science, and
                    Transportation of the Senate; and
                        ``(B) the Committee on Science, Space, and
                    Technology of the House of Representatives.
                ``(3) Cislunar space.--The term `cislunar space' means the
            region of space beyond low-Earth orbit out to and including the
            region around the surface of the Moon.''.

    SEC. 629. TECHNICAL AMENDMENTS RELATING TO ARTEMIS MISSIONS.

        (a) Section 421 of the National Aeronautics and Space
    Administration Authorization Act of 2017 (Public Law 115-10; 51 U.S.C.
    20301 note) is amended--
                (1) in subsection (c)(3)--
                        (A) by striking ``EM-1'' and inserting ``Artemis
                    I'';
                        (B) by striking ``EM-2'' and inserting ``Artemis
                    II''; and
                        (C) by striking ``EM-3'' and inserting ``Artemis
                    III''; and
                (2) in subsection (f)(3), by striking ``EM-3'' and
            inserting ``Artemis III''.
        (b) Section 432(b) of the National Aeronautics and Space
    Administration Authorization Act of 2017 (Public Law 115-10; 51 U.S.C.
    20302 note) is amended--
                (1) in paragraph (3)(D)--
                        (A) by striking ``EM-1'' and inserting ``Artemis
                    I''; and
                        (B) by striking ``EM-2'' and inserting ``Artemis
                    II''; and
                (2) in paragraph (4)(C), by striking ``EM-3'' and inserting
            ``Artemis III''.

                               PART III--SCIENCE

    SEC. 631. SCIENCE PRIORITIES.

        (a) Sense of Congress on Science Portfolio.--Congress reaffirms the
    sense of Congress that--
                (1) a balanced and adequately funded set of activities,
            consisting of research and analysis grant programs, technology
            development, suborbital research activities, and small, medium,
            and large space missions, contributes to a robust and
            productive science program and serves as a catalyst for
            innovation and discovery; and
                (2) the Administrator should set science priorities by
            following the guidance provided by the scientific community
            through the decadal surveys of the National Academies of
            Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine.
        (b) National Academies Decadal Surveys.--Section 20305(c) of title
    51, United States Code, is amended--
                (1) by striking ``The Administrator shall'' and inserting
            the following:
                ``(1) Reexamination of priorities by national academies.--
            The Administrator shall''; and
                (2) by adding at the end the following:
                ``(2) Reexamination of priorities by administrator.--If the
            Administrator decides to reexamine the applicability of the
            priorities of the decadal surveys to the missions and
            activities of the Administration due to scientific discoveries
            or external factors, the Administrator shall consult with the
            relevant committees of the National Academies.''.

    SEC. 632. LUNAR DISCOVERY PROGRAM.

        (a) In General.--The Administrator may carry out a program to
    conduct lunar science research, including missions to the surface of
    the Moon, that materially contributes to the objective described in
    section 20102(d)(1) of title 51, United States Code.
        (b) Commercial Landers.--In carrying out the program under
    subsection (a), the Administrator shall procure the services of
    commercial landers developed primarily by United States industry to
    land science payloads of all classes on the lunar surface.
        (c) Lunar Science Research.--The Administrator shall ensure that
    lunar science research carried out under subsection (a) is consistent
    with recommendations made by the National Academies of Sciences,
    Engineering, and Medicine.
        (d) Lunar Polar Volatiles.--In carrying out the program under
    subsection (a), the Administrator shall, at the earliest opportunity,
    consider mission proposals to evaluate the potential of lunar polar
    volatiles to contribute to sustainable lunar exploration.

    SEC. 633. SEARCH FOR LIFE.

        (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
                (1) the report entitled ``An Astrobiology Strategy for the
            Search for Life in the Universe'' published by the National
            Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine outlines the
            key scientific questions and methods for fulfilling the
            objective of NASA to search for the origin, evolution,
            distribution, and future of life in the universe; and
                (2) the interaction of lifeforms with their environment, a
            central focus of astrobiology research, is a topic of broad
            significance to life sciences research in space and on Earth.
        (b) Program Continuation.--
                (1) In general.--The Administrator shall continue to
            implement a collaborative, multidisciplinary science and
            technology development program to search for proof of the
            existence or historical existence of life beyond Earth in
            support of the objective described in section 20102(d)(10) of
            title 51, United States Code.
                (2) Element.--The program under paragraph (1) shall include
            activities relating to astronomy, biology, geology, and
            planetary science.
                (3) Coordination with life sciences program.--In carrying
            out the program under paragraph (1), the Administrator shall
            coordinate efforts with the life sciences program of the
            Administration.
                (4) Technosignatures.--In carrying out the program under
            paragraph (1), the Administrator shall support activities to
            search for and analyze technosignatures.
                (5) Instrumentation and sensor technology.--In carrying out
            the program under paragraph (1), the Administrator may
            strategically invest in the development of new instrumentation
            and sensor technology.

    SEC. 634. JAMES WEBB SPACE TELESCOPE.

        (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
                (1) the James Webb Space Telescope will be the next premier
            observatory in space and has great potential to further
            scientific study and assist scientists in making new
            discoveries in the field of astronomy;
                (2) the James Webb Space Telescope was developed as an
            ambitious project with a scope that was not fully defined at
            inception and with risk that was not fully known or understood;
                (3) despite the major technology development and innovation
            that was needed to construct the James Webb Space Telescope,
            major negative impacts to the cost and schedule of the James
            Webb Space Telescope resulted from poor program management and
            poor contractor performance;
                (4) the Administrator should take into account the lessons
            learned from the cost and schedule issues relating to the
            development of the James Webb Space Telescope in making
            decisions regarding the scope of and the technologies needed
            for future scientific missions; and
                (5) in selecting future scientific missions, the
            Administrator should take into account the impact that large
            programs that overrun cost and schedule estimates may have on
            other NASA programs in earlier phases of development.
        (b) Project Continuation.--The Administrator shall continue--
                (1) to closely track the cost and schedule performance of
            the James Webb Space Telescope project; and
                (2) to improve the reliability of cost estimates and
            contractor performance data throughout the remaining
            development of the James Webb Space Telescope.
        (c) Revised Estimate.--Due to delays to the James Webb Space
    Telescope project resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic, the
    Administrator shall provide to Congress--
                (1) an estimate of any increase to program development
            costs, if such costs are anticipated to exceed $8,802,700,000;
            and
                (2) an estimate for a revised launch date.

    SEC. 635. WIDE-FIELD INFRARED SURVEY TELESCOPE.

        (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
                (1) major growth in the cost of astrophysics flagship-class
            missions has impacted the overall portfolio balance of the
            Science Mission Directorate; and
                (2) the Administrator should continue to develop the Wide-
            Field Infrared Survey Telescope with a development cost of not
            more than $3,200,000,000.
        (b) Project Continuation.--The Administrator shall continue to
    develop the Wide-Field Infrared Survey Telescope to meet the objectives
    outlined in the 2010 decadal survey on astronomy and astrophysics of
    the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine in a
    manner that maximizes scientific productivity based on the resources
    invested.

    SEC. 636. STUDY ON SATELLITE SERVICING FOR SCIENCE MISSIONS.

        (a) In General.--The Administrator shall conduct a study on the
    feasibility of using in-space robotic refueling, repair, or
    refurbishment capabilities to extend the useful life of telescopes and
    other science missions that are operational or in development as of the
    date of the enactment of this Act.
        (b) Elements.--The study conducted under subsection (a) shall
    include the following:
                (1) An identification of the technologies and in-space
            testing required to demonstrate the in-space robotic refueling,
            repair, or refurbishment capabilities described in that
            subsection.
                (2) The projected cost of using such capabilities,
            including the cost of extended operations for science missions
            described in that subsection.
        (c) Briefing.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the
    enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall provide to the
    appropriate committees of Congress a briefing on the results of the
    study conducted under subsection (a).
        (d) Public Availability.--Not later than 30 days after the
    Administrator provides the briefing under subsection (c), the
    Administrator shall make the study conducted under subsection (a)
    available to the public.

    SEC. 637. EARTH SCIENCE MISSIONS AND PROGRAMS.

        (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that the Earth
    Science Division of NASA plays an important role in national efforts--
                (1) to collect and use Earth observations in service to
            society; and
                (2) to understand global change.
        (b) Earth Science Missions and Programs.--With respect to the
    missions and programs of the Earth Science Division, the Administrator
    shall, to the maximum extent practicable, follow the recommendations
    and guidance provided by the scientific community through the decadal
    survey for Earth science and applications from space of the National
    Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, including--
                (1) the science priorities described in such survey;
                (2) the execution of the series of existing or previously
            planned observations (commonly known as the ``program of
            record''); and
                (3) the development of a range of missions of all classes,
            including opportunities for principal investigator-led,
            competitively selected missions.

    SEC. 638. LIFE SCIENCE AND PHYSICAL SCIENCE RESEARCH.

        (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
                (1) the 2011 decadal survey on biological and physical
            sciences in space identifies--
                        (A) many areas in which fundamental scientific
                    research is needed to efficiently advance the range of
                    human activities in space, from the first stages of
                    exploration to eventual economic development; and
                        (B) many areas of basic and applied scientific
                    research that could use the microgravity, radiation,
                    and other aspects of the spaceflight environment to
                    answer fundamental scientific questions;
                (2) given the central role of life science and physical
            science research in developing the future of space exploration,
            NASA should continue to invest strategically in such research
            to maintain United States leadership in space exploration; and
                (3) such research remains important to the objectives of
            NASA with respect to long-duration deep space human exploration
            to the Moon and Mars.
        (b) Program Continuation.--
                (1) In general.--In support of the goals described in
            section 20302 of title 51, United States Code, the
            Administrator shall continue to implement a collaborative,
            multidisciplinary life science and physical science fundamental
            research program--
                        (A) to build a scientific foundation for the
                    exploration and development of space;
                        (B) to investigate the mechanisms of changes to
                    biological systems and physical systems, and the
                    environments of those systems in space, including the
                    effects of long-duration exposure to deep space-related
                    environmental factors on those systems;
                        (C) to understand the effects of combined deep
                    space radiation and altered gravity levels on
                    biological systems so as to inform the development and
                    testing of potential countermeasures;
                        (D) to understand physical phenomena in reduced
                    gravity that affect design and performance of enabling
                    technologies necessary for the space exploration
                    program;
                        (E) to provide scientific opportunities to educate,
                    train, and develop the next generation of researchers
                    and engineers; and
                        (F) to provide state-of-the-art data repositories
                    and curation of large multi-data sets to enable
                    comparative research analyses.
                (2) Elements.--The program under paragraph (1) shall--
                        (A) include fundamental research relating to life
                    science, space bioscience, and physical science; and
                        (B) maximize intra-agency and interagency
                    partnerships to advance space exploration, scientific
                    knowledge, and benefits to Earth.
                (3) Use of facilities.--In carrying out the program under
            paragraph (1), the Administrator may use ground-based, air-
            based, and space-based facilities in low-Earth orbit and beyond
            low-Earth orbit.

    SEC. 639. SCIENCE MISSIONS TO MARS.

        (a) In General.--The Administrator shall conduct 1 or more science
    missions to Mars to enable the selection of 1 or more sites for human
    landing.
        (b) Sample Program.--The Administrator may carry out a program--
                (1) to collect samples from the surface of Mars; and
                (2) to return such samples to Earth for scientific
            analysis.
        (c) Use of Existing Capabilities and Assets.--In carrying out this
    section, the Administrator shall, to the maximum extent practicable,
    use existing capabilities and assets of NASA centers.

    SEC. 640. PLANETARY DEFENSE COORDINATION OFFICE.

        (a) Findings.--Congress makes the following findings:
                (1) Near-Earth objects remain a threat to the United
            States.
                (2) Section 321(d)(1) of the National Aeronautics and Space
            Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (Public Law 109-155;
            119 Stat. 2922; 51 U.S.C. 71101 note prec.) established a
            requirement that the Administrator plan, develop, and implement
            a Near-Earth Object Survey program to detect, track, catalogue,
            and characterize the physical characteristics of near-Earth
            objects equal to or greater than 140 meters in diameter in
            order to assess the threat of such near-Earth objects to the
            Earth, with the goal of 90-percent completion of the catalogue
            of such near-Earth objects by December 30, 2020.
                (3) The current planetary defense strategy of NASA
            acknowledges that such goal will not be met.
                (4) The report of the National Academies of Sciences,
            Engineering, and Medicine entitled ``Finding Hazardous
            Asteroids Using Infrared and Visible Wavelength Telescopes''
            issued in 2019 states that--
                        (A) NASA cannot accomplish such goal with currently
                    available assets;
                        (B) NASA should develop and launch a dedicated
                    space-based infrared survey telescope to meet the
                    requirements of section 321(d)(1) of the National
                    Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act
                    of 2005 (Public Law 109-155; 119 Stat. 2922; 51 U.S.C.
                    71101 note prec.); and
                        (C) the early detection of potentially hazardous
                    near-Earth objects enabled by a space-based infrared
                    survey telescope is important to enable deflection of a
                    dangerous asteroid.
        (b) Establishment of Planetary Defense Coordination Office.--
                (1) In general.--Not later than 90 days after the date of
            the enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall establish an
            office within the Planetary Science Division of the Science
            Mission Directorate, to be known as the ``Planetary Defense
            Coordination Office'', to plan, develop, and implement a
            program to survey threats posed by near-Earth objects equal to
            or greater than 140 meters in diameter, as required by section
            321(d)(1) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration
            Authorization Act of 2005 (Public Law 109-155; 119 Stat. 2922;
            51 U.S.C. 71101 note prec.).
                (2) Activities.--The Administrator shall--
                        (A) develop and, not later than September 30, 2025,
                    launch a space-based infrared survey telescope that is
                    capable of detecting near-Earth objects equal to or
                    greater than 140 meters in diameter, with preference
                    given to planetary missions selected by the
                    Administrator as of the date of the enactment of this
                    Act to pursue concept design studies relating to the
                    development of a space-based infrared survey telescope;
                        (B) identify, track, and characterize potentially
                    hazardous near-Earth objects and issue warnings of the
                    effects of potential impacts of such objects; and
                        (C) assist in coordinating Government planning for
                    response to a potential impact of a near-Earth object.
        (c) Annual Report.--Section 321(f) of the National Aeronautics and
    Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (Public Law 109-155; 119
    Stat. 2922; 51 U.S.C. 71101 note prec.) is amended to read as follows:
        ``(f) Annual Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the
    enactment of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration
    Authorization Act of 2021, and annually thereafter through 90-percent
    completion of the catalogue required by subsection (d)(1), the
    Administrator shall submit to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and
    Transportation of the Senate and the Committee on Science, Space, and
    Technology of the House of Representatives a report that includes the
    following:
                ``(1) A summary of all activities carried out by the
            Planetary Defense Coordination Office established under section
            640(b)(1) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration
            Authorization Act of 2021 since the date of enactment of that
            Act.
                ``(2) A description of the progress with respect to the
            design, development, and launch of the space-based infrared
            survey telescope required by section 640 (b)(2)(A) of the
            National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act
            of 2021 .
                ``(3) An assessment of the progress toward meeting the
            requirements of subsection (d)(1).
                ``(4) A description of the status of efforts to coordinate
            planetary defense activities in response to a threat posed by a
            near-Earth object with other Federal agencies since the date of
            enactment of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration
            Authorization Act of 2021 .
                ``(5) A description of the status of efforts to coordinate
            and cooperate with other countries to discover hazardous
            asteroids and comets, plan a mitigation strategy, and implement
            that strategy in the event of the discovery of an object on a
            likely collision course with Earth.
                ``(6) A summary of expenditures for all activities carried
            out by the Planetary Defense Coordination Office since the date
            of enactment of the National Aeronautics and Space
            Administration Authorization Act of 2021.''.
        (d) Limitation on Use of Funds.--None of the amounts authorized to
    be appropriated by this subtitle for a fiscal year may be obligated or
    expended for the Office of the Administrator during the last 3 months
    of that fiscal year unless the Administrator submits the report for
    that fiscal year required by section 321(f) of the National Aeronautics
    and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (Public Law 109-155;
    119 Stat. 2922; 51 U.S.C. 71101 note prec.).
        (e) Near-Earth Object Defined.--In this section, the term ``near-
    Earth object'' means an asteroid or comet with a perihelion distance of
    less than 1.3 Astronomical Units from the Sun.

    SEC. 641. SUBORBITAL SCIENCE FLIGHTS.

        (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that
    commercially available suborbital flight platforms enable low-cost
    access to a microgravity environment to advance science and train
    scientists and engineers under the Suborbital Research Program
    established under section 802(c) of the National Aeronautics and Space
    Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 18382(c)).
        (b) Report.--
                (1) In general.--Not later than 270 days after the date of
            the enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall submit to
            the appropriate committees of Congress a report evaluating the
            manner in which suborbital flight platforms can contribute to
            meeting the science objectives of NASA for the Science Mission
            Directorate and the Human Exploration and Operations Mission
            Directorate.
                (2) Contents.--The report required by paragraph (1) shall
            include the following:
                        (A) An assessment of the advantages of suborbital
                    flight platforms to meet science objectives.
                        (B) An evaluation of the challenges to greater use
                    of commercial suborbital flight platforms for science
                    purposes.
                        (C) An analysis of whether commercial suborbital
                    flight platforms can provide low-cost flight
                    opportunities to test lunar and Mars science payloads.

    SEC. 642. EARTH SCIENCE DATA AND OBSERVATIONS.

        (a) In General.--The Administrator shall to the maximum extent
    practicable, make available to the public in an easily accessible
    electronic database all data (including metadata, documentation,
    models, data processing methods, images, and research results) of the
    missions and programs of the Earth Science Division of the
    Administration, or any successor division.
        (b) Open Data Program.--In carrying out subsection (a), the
    Administrator shall establish and continue to operate an open data
    program that--
                (1) is consistent with the greatest degree of
            interactivity, interoperability, and accessibility; and
                (2) enables outside communities, including the research and
            applications community, private industry, academia, and the
            general public, to effectively collaborate in areas important
            to--
                        (A) studying the Earth system and improving the
                    prediction of Earth system change; and
                        (B) improving model development, data assimilation
                    techniques, systems architecture integration, and
                    computational efficiencies; and
                (3) meets basic end-user requirements for running on public
            computers and networks located outside of secure Administration
            information and technology systems.
        (c) Hosting.--The program under subsection (b) shall use, as
    appropriate and cost-effective, innovative strategies and methods for
    hosting and management of part or all of the program, including cloud-
    based computing capabilities.
        (d) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this section shall be
    interpreted to require the Administrator to release classified,
    proprietary, or otherwise restricted information that would be harmful
    to the national security of the United States.

    SEC. 643. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON SMALL SATELLITE SCIENCE.

        It is the sense of Congress that--
                (1) small satellites--
                        (A) are increasingly robust, effective, and
                    affordable platforms for carrying out space science
                    missions;
                        (B) can work in tandem with or augment larger NASA
                    spacecraft to support high-priority science missions of
                    NASA; and
                        (C) are cost effective solutions that may allow
                    NASA to continue collecting legacy observations while
                    developing next-generation science missions; and
                (2) NASA should continue to support small satellite
            research, development, technologies, and programs, including
            technologies for compact and lightweight instrumentation for
            small satellites.

    SEC. 644. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON COMMERCIAL SPACE SERVICES.

        It is the sense of Congress that--
                (1) the Administration should explore partnerships with the
            commercial space industry for space science missions in and
            beyond Earth orbit, including partnerships relating to payload
            and instrument hosting and commercially available datasets; and
                (2) such partnerships could result in increased mission
            cadence, technology advancement, and cost savings for the
            Administration.

    SEC. 645. PROCEDURES FOR IDENTIFYING AND ADDRESSING ALLEGED VIOLATIONS
                  OF SCIENTIFIC INTEGRITY POLICY.

        Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this
    Act, the Administrator shall develop and document procedures for
    identifying and addressing alleged violations of the scientific
    integrity policy of NASA.

                              PART IV--AERONAUTICS

    SEC. 646. SHORT TITLE.

        This part may be cited as the ``Aeronautics Innovation Act''.

    SEC. 647. DEFINITIONS.

        In this part:
                (1) Aeronautics strategic implementation plan.--The term
            ``Aeronautics Strategic Implementation Plan'' means the
            Aeronautics Strategic Implementation Plan issued by the
            Aeronautics Research Mission Directorate.
                (2) Unmanned aircraft; unmanned aircraft system.--The terms
            ``unmanned aircraft'' and ``unmanned aircraft system'' have the
            meanings given those terms in section 44801 of title 49, United
            States Code.
                (3) X-plane.--The term ``X-plane'' means an experimental
            aircraft that is--
                        (A) used to test and evaluate a new technology or
                    aerodynamic concept; and
                        (B) operated by NASA or the Department of Defense.

    SEC. 648. EXPERIMENTAL AIRCRAFT PROJECTS.

        (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
                (1) developing high-risk, precompetitive aerospace
            technologies for which there is not yet a profit rationale is a
            fundamental role of NASA;
                (2) large-scale piloted flight test experimentation and
            validation are necessary for--
                        (A) transitioning new technologies and materials,
                    including associated manufacturing processes, for
                    general aviation, commercial aviation, and military
                    aeronautics use; and
                        (B) capturing the full extent of benefits from
                    investments made by the Aeronautics Research Mission
                    Directorate in priority programs called for in--
                                (i) the National Aeronautics Research and
                            Development Plan issued by the National Science
                            and Technology Council in February 2010;
                                (ii) the NASA 2014 Strategic Plan;
                                (iii) the Aeronautics Strategic
                            Implementation Plan; and
                                (iv) any updates to the programs called for
                            in the plans described in clauses (i) through
                            (iii);
                (3) a level of funding that adequately supports large-scale
            piloted flight test experimentation and validation, including
            related infrastructure, should be ensured over a sustained
            period of time to restore the capacity of NASA--
                        (A) to see legacy priority programs through to
                    completion; and
                        (B) to achieve national economic and security
                    objectives; and
                (4) NASA should not be directly involved in the Type
            Certification of aircraft for current and future scheduled
            commercial air service under part 121 or 135 of title 14, Code
            of Federal Regulations, that would result in reductions in crew
            augmentation or single pilot or autonomously operated aircraft.
        (b) Statement of Policy.--It is the policy of the United States--
                (1) to maintain world leadership in--
                        (A) military and civilian aeronautical science and
                    technology;
                        (B) global air power projection; and
                        (C) aerospace industrialization; and
                (2) to maintain as a fundamental objective of NASA
            aeronautics research the steady progression and expansion of
            flight research and capabilities, including the science and
            technology of critical underlying disciplines and competencies,
            such as--
                        (A) computational-based analytical and predictive
                    tools and methodologies;
                        (B) aerothermodynamics;
                        (C) propulsion;
                        (D) advanced materials and manufacturing processes;
                        (E) high-temperature structures and materials; and
                        (F) guidance, navigation, and flight controls.
        (c) Establishment and Continuation of X-plane Projects.--
                (1) In general.--The Administrator shall establish or
            continue to implement, in a manner that is consistent with the
            roadmap for supersonic aeronautics research and development
            required by section 604(b) of the National Aeronautics and
            Space Administration Transition Authorization Act of 2017
            (Public Law 115-10; 131 Stat. 55), the following projects:
                        (A) A low-boom supersonic aircraft project to
                    demonstrate supersonic aircraft designs and
                    technologies that--
                                (i) reduce sonic boom noise; and
                                (ii) assist the Administrator of the
                            Federal Aviation Administration in enabling--
                                        (I) the safe commercial deployment
                                    of civil supersonic aircraft
                                    technology; and
                                        (II) the safe and efficient
                                    operation of civil supersonic aircraft.
                        (B) A subsonic flight demonstrator aircraft project
                    to advance high-aspect-ratio, thin-wing aircraft
                    designs and to integrate propulsion, composites, and
                    other technologies that enable significant increases in
                    energy efficiency and reduced life-cycle emissions in
                    the aviation system while reducing noise and emissions.
                        (C) A series of large-scale X-plane demonstrators
                    that are--
                                (i) developed sequentially or in parallel;
                            and
                                (ii) each based on a set of new
                            configuration concepts or technologies
                            determined by the Administrator to
                            demonstrate--
                                        (I) aircraft and propulsion
                                    concepts and technologies and related
                                    advances in alternative propulsion and
                                    energy; and
                                        (II) flight propulsion concepts and
                                    technologies.
                (2) Elements.--For each project under paragraph (1), the
            Administrator shall--
                        (A) include the development of X-planes and all
                    necessary supporting flight test assets;
                        (B) pursue a robust technology maturation and
                    flight test validation effort;
                        (C) improve necessary facilities, flight testing
                    capabilities, and computational tools to support the
                    project;
                        (D) award any primary contracts for design,
                    procurement, and manufacturing to United States
                    persons, consistent with international obligations and
                    commitments;
                        (E) coordinate research and flight test
                    demonstration activities with other Federal agencies
                    and the United States aviation community, as the
                    Administrator considers appropriate; and
                        (F) ensure that the project is aligned with the
                    Aeronautics Strategic Implementation Plan and any
                    updates to the Aeronautics Strategic Implementation
                    Plan.
                (3) United states person defined.--In this subsection, the
            term ``United States person'' means--
                        (A) a United States citizen or an alien lawfully
                    admitted for permanent residence to the United States;
                    or
                        (B) an entity organized under the laws of the
                    United States or of any jurisdiction within the United
                    States, including a foreign branch of such an entity.
        (d) Advanced Materials and Manufacturing Technology Program.--
                (1) In general.--The Administrator may establish an
            advanced materials and manufacturing technology program--
                        (A) to develop--
                                (i) new materials, including composite and
                            high-temperature materials, from base material
                            formulation through full-scale structural
                            validation and manufacture;
                                (ii) advanced materials and manufacturing
                            processes, including additive manufacturing, to
                            reduce the cost of manufacturing scale-up and
                            certification for use in general aviation,
                            commercial aviation, and military aeronautics;
                            and
                                (iii) noninvasive or nondestructive
                            techniques for testing or evaluating aviation
                            and aeronautics structures, including for
                            materials and manufacturing processes;
                        (B) to reduce the time it takes to design,
                    industrialize, and certify advanced materials and
                    manufacturing processes;
                        (C) to provide education and training opportunities
                    for the aerospace workforce; and
                        (D) to address global cost and human capital
                    competitiveness for United States aeronautical
                    industries and technological leadership in advanced
                    materials and manufacturing technology.
                (2) Elements.--In carrying out a program under paragraph
            (1), the Administrator shall--
                        (A) build on work that was carried out by the
                    Advanced Composites Project of NASA;
                        (B) partner with the private and academic sectors,
                    such as members of the Advanced Composites Consortium
                    of NASA, the Joint Advanced Materials and Structures
                    Center of Excellence of the Federal Aviation
                    Administration, the Manufacturing USA institutes of the
                    Department of Commerce, and national laboratories, as
                    the Administrator considers appropriate;
                        (C) provide a structure for managing intellectual
                    property generated by the program based on or
                    consistent with the structure established for the
                    Advanced Composites Consortium of NASA;
                        (D) ensure adequate Federal cost share for
                    applicable research; and
                        (E) coordinate with advanced manufacturing and
                    composites initiatives in other mission directorates of
                    NASA, as the Administrator considers appropriate.
        (e) Research Partnerships.--In carrying out the projects under
    subsection (c) and a program under subsection (d), the Administrator
    may engage in cooperative research programs with--
                (1) academia; and
                (2) commercial aviation and aerospace manufacturers.

    SEC. 649. UNMANNED AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS.

        (a) Unmanned Aircraft Systems Operation Program.--The Administrator
    shall--
                (1) research and test capabilities and concepts, including
            unmanned aircraft systems communications, for integrating
            unmanned aircraft systems into the national airspace system;
                (2) leverage the partnership NASA has with industry focused
            on the advancement of technologies for future air traffic
            management systems for unmanned aircraft systems; and
                (3) continue to align the research and testing portfolio of
            NASA to inform the integration of unmanned aircraft systems
            into the national airspace system, consistent with public
            safety and national security objectives.
        (b) Sense of Congress on Coordination With Federal Aviation
    Administration.--It is the sense of Congress that--
                (1) NASA should continue--
                        (A) to coordinate with the Federal Aviation
                    Administration on research on air traffic management
                    systems for unmanned aircraft systems; and
                        (B) to assist the Federal Aviation Administration
                    in the integration of air traffic management systems
                    for unmanned aircraft systems into the national
                    airspace system; and
                (2) the test ranges (as defined in section 44801 of title
            49, United States Code) should continue to be leveraged for
            research on--
                        (A) air traffic management systems for unmanned
                    aircraft systems; and
                        (B) the integration of such systems into the
                    national airspace system.

    SEC. 650. 21ST CENTURY AERONAUTICS CAPABILITIES INITIATIVE.

        (a) In General.--The Administrator may establish an initiative, to
    be known as the ``21st Century Aeronautics Capabilities Initiative'',
    within the Construction and Environmental Compliance and Restoration
    Account, to ensure that NASA possesses the infrastructure and
    capabilities necessary to conduct proposed flight demonstration
    projects across the range of NASA aeronautics interests.
        (b) Activities.--In carrying out the 21st Century Aeronautics
    Capabilities Initiative, the Administrator may carry out the following
    activities:
                (1) Any investments the Administrator considers necessary
            to upgrade and create facilities for civil and national
            security aeronautics research to support advancements in--
                        (A) long-term foundational science and technology;
                        (B) advanced aircraft systems;
                        (C) air traffic management systems;
                        (D) fuel efficiency;
                        (E) electric propulsion technologies;
                        (F) system-wide safety assurance;
                        (G) autonomous aviation; and
                        (H) supersonic and hypersonic aircraft design and
                    development.
                (2) Any measures the Administrator considers necessary to
            support flight testing activities, including--
                        (A) continuous refinement and development of free-
                    flight test techniques and methodologies;
                        (B) upgrades and improvements to real-time tracking
                    and data acquisition; and
                        (C) such other measures relating to aeronautics
                    research support and modernization as the Administrator
                    considers appropriate to carry out the scientific study
                    of the problems of flight, with a view to practical
                    solutions for such problems.

    SEC. 651. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON ON-DEMAND AIR TRANSPORTATION.

        It is the sense of Congress that--
                (1) greater use of high-speed air transportation, small
            airports, helipads, vertical flight infrastructure, and other
            aviation-related infrastructure can alleviate surface
            transportation congestion and support economic growth within
            cities;
                (2) with respect to urban air mobility and related
            concepts, NASA should continue--
                        (A) to conduct research focused on concepts,
                    technologies, and design tools; and
                        (B) to support the evaluation of advanced
                    technologies and operational concepts that can be
                    leveraged by--
                                (i) industry to develop future vehicles and
                            systems; and
                                (ii) the Federal Aviation Administration to
                            support vehicle safety and operational
                            certification; and
                (3) NASA should leverage ongoing efforts to develop
            advanced technologies to actively support the research needed
            for on-demand air transportation.

    SEC. 652. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON HYPERSONIC TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH.

        It is the sense of Congress that--
                (1) hypersonic technology is critical to the development of
            advanced high-speed aerospace vehicles for both civilian and
            national security purposes;
                (2) for hypersonic vehicles to be realized, research is
            needed to overcome technical challenges, including in
            propulsion, advanced materials, and flight performance in a
            severe environment;
                (3) NASA plays a critical role in supporting fundamental
            hypersonic research focused on system design, analysis and
            validation, and propulsion technologies;
                (4) NASA research efforts in hypersonic technology should
            complement research supported by the Department of Defense to
            the maximum extent practicable, since contributions from both
            agencies working in partnership with universities and industry
            are necessary to overcome key technical challenges;
                (5) previous coordinated research programs between NASA and
            the Department of Defense enabled important progress on
            hypersonic technology;
                (6) the commercial sector could provide flight platforms
            and other capabilities that are able to host and support NASA
            hypersonic technology research projects; and
                (7) in carrying out hypersonic technology research
            projects, the Administrator should--
                        (A) focus research and development efforts on high-
                    speed propulsion systems, reusable vehicle
                    technologies, high-temperature materials, and systems
                    analysis;
                        (B) coordinate with the Department of Defense to
                    prevent duplication of efforts and of investments;
                        (C) include partnerships with universities and
                    industry to accomplish research goals; and
                        (D) maximize public-private use of commercially
                    available platforms for hosting research and
                    development flight projects.

                            PART V--SPACE TECHNOLOGY

    SEC. 653. SPACE TECHNOLOGY MISSION DIRECTORATE.

        (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that an
    independent Space Technology Mission Directorate is critical to
    ensuring continued investments in the development of technologies for
    missions across the portfolio of NASA, including science, aeronautics,
    and human exploration.
        (b) Space Technology Mission Directorate.--The Administrator shall
    maintain a Space Technology Mission Directorate consistent with section
    702 of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Transition
    Authorization Act of 2017 (51 U.S.C. 20301 note).

    SEC. 654. FLIGHT OPPORTUNITIES PROGRAM.

        (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that the
    Administrator should provide flight opportunities for payloads to
    microgravity environments and suborbital altitudes as required by
    section 907(c) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration
    Authorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 18405(c)), as amended by
    subsection (b).
        (b) Establishment.--Section 907(c) of the National Aeronautics and
    Space Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 18405(c)) is
    amended to read as follows:
        ``(c) Establishment.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Administrator shall establish a
            Commercial Reusable Suborbital Research Program within the
            Space Technology Mission Directorate to fund--
                        ``(A) the development of payloads for scientific
                    research, technology development, and education;
                        ``(B) flight opportunities for those payloads to
                    microgravity environments and suborbital altitudes; and
                        ``(C) transition of those payloads to orbital
                    opportunities.
                ``(2) Commercial reusable vehicle flights.--In carrying out
            the Commercial Reusable Suborbital Research Program, the
            Administrator may fund engineering and integration
            demonstrations, proofs of concept, and educational experiments
            for flights of commercial reusable vehicles.
                ``(3) Commercial suborbital launch vehicles.--In carrying
            out the Commercial Reusable Suborbital Research Program, the
            Administrator may not fund the development of new commercial
            suborbital launch vehicles.
                ``(4) Working with mission directorates.--In carrying out
            the Commercial Reusable Suborbital Research Program, the
            Administrator shall work with the mission directorates of NASA
            to achieve the research, technology, and education goals of
            NASA.''.
        (c) Conforming Amendment.--Section 907(b) of the National
    Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (42
    U.S.C. 18405(b)) is amended, in the first sentence, by striking
    ``Commercial Reusable Suborbital Research Program in'' and inserting
    ``Commercial Reusable Suborbital Research Program established under
    subsection (c)(1) within''.

    SEC. 655. SMALL SPACECRAFT TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM.

        (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that the Small
    Spacecraft Technology Program is important for conducting science and
    technology validation for--
                (1) short- and long-duration missions in low-Earth orbit;
                (2) deep space missions; and
                (3) deorbiting capabilities designed specifically for
            smaller spacecraft.
        (b) Accommodation of Certain Payloads.--In carrying out the Small
    Spacecraft Technology Program, the Administrator shall, as the mission
    risk posture and technology development objectives allow, accommodate
    science payloads that further the goal of long-term human exploration
    to the Moon and Mars.

    SEC. 656. NUCLEAR PROPULSION TECHNOLOGY.

        (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that nuclear
    propulsion is critical to the development of advanced spacecraft for
    civilian and national defense purposes.
        (b) Development; Studies.--The Administrator shall, in coordination
    with the Secretary of Energy and the Secretary of Defense--
                (1) continue to develop the fuel element design for NASA
            nuclear propulsion technology;
                (2) undertake the systems feasibility studies for such
            technology; and
                (3) partner with members of commercial industry to conduct
            studies on such technology.
        (c) Nuclear Propulsion Technology Demonstration.--
                (1) Determination; report.--Not later than December 31,
            2022, the Administrator shall--
                        (A) determine the correct approach for conducting a
                    flight demonstration of nuclear propulsion technology;
                    and
                        (B) submit to Congress a report on a plan for such
                    a demonstration.
                (2) Demonstration.--Not later than December 31, 2026, the
            Administrator shall conduct the flight demonstration described
            in paragraph (1).

    SEC. 657. MARS-FORWARD TECHNOLOGIES.

        (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that the
    Administrator should pursue multiple technical paths for entry,
    descent, and landing for Mars, including competitively selected
    technology demonstration missions.
        (b) Prioritization of Long-lead Technologies and Systems.--The
    Administrator shall prioritize, within the Space Technology Mission
    Directorate, research, testing, and development of long-lead
    technologies and systems for Mars, including technologies and systems
    relating to--
                (1) entry, descent, and landing; and
                (2) in-space propulsion, including nuclear propulsion,
            cryogenic fluid management, in-situ large-scale additive
            manufacturing, and electric propulsion (including solar
            electric propulsion leveraging lessons learned from the power
            and propulsion element of the lunar outpost) options.
        (c) Technology Demonstration.--The Administrator may use low-Earth
    orbit and cis-lunar missions, including missions to the lunar surface,
    to demonstrate technologies for Mars.

    SEC. 658. PRIORITIZATION OF LOW-ENRICHED URANIUM TECHNOLOGY.

        (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
                (1) space technology, including nuclear propulsion
            technology and space surface power reactors, should be
            developed in a manner consistent with broader United States
            foreign policy, national defense, and space exploration and
            commercialization priorities;
                (2) highly enriched uranium presents security and nuclear
            nonproliferation concerns;
                (3) since 1977, based on the concerns associated with
            highly enriched uranium, the United States has promoted the use
            of low-enriched uranium over highly enriched uranium in
            nonmilitary contexts, including research and commercial
            applications;
                (4) as part of United States efforts to limit international
            use of highly enriched uranium, the United States has actively
            pursued--
                        (A) since 1978, the conversion of domestic and
                    foreign research reactors that use highly enriched
                    uranium fuel to low-enriched uranium fuel and the
                    avoidance of any new research reactors that use highly
                    enriched uranium fuel; and
                        (B) since 1994, the elimination of international
                    commerce in highly enriched uranium for civilian
                    purposes; and
                (5) the use of low-enriched uranium in place of highly
            enriched uranium has security, nonproliferation, and economic
            benefits, including for the national space program.
        (b) Prioritization of Low-enriched Uranium Technology.--The
    Administrator shall--
                (1) establish, within the Space Technology Mission
            Directorate, a program for the research, testing, and
            development of in-space reactor designs, including a surface
            power reactor, that uses low-enriched uranium fuel; and
                (2) prioritize the research, demonstration, and deployment
            of such designs over designs using highly enriched uranium
            fuel.
        (c) Report on Nuclear Technology Prioritization.--Not later than
    120 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Administrator
    shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a report that--
                (1) details the actions taken to implement subsection (b);
            and
                (2) identifies a plan and timeline under which such
            subsection will be implemented.
        (d) Definitions.--In this section:
                (1) Highly enriched uranium.--The term ``highly enriched
            uranium'' means uranium having an assay of 20 percent or
            greater of the uranium-235 isotope.
                (2) Low-enriched uranium.--The term ``low-enriched
            uranium'' means uranium having an assay greater than the assay
            for natural uranium but less than 20 percent of the uranium-235
            isotope.

    SEC. 659. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON NEXT-GENERATION COMMUNICATIONS
                  TECHNOLOGY.

        It is the sense of Congress that--
                (1) optical communications technologies--
                        (A) will be critical to the development of next-
                    generation space-based communications networks;
                        (B) have the potential to allow NASA to expand the
                    volume of data transmissions in low-Earth orbit and
                    deep space; and
                        (C) may provide more secure and cost-effective
                    solutions than current radio frequency communications
                    systems;
                (2) quantum encryption technology has promising
            implications for the security of the satellite and terrestrial
            communications networks of the United States, including optical
            communications networks, and further research and development
            by NASA with respect to quantum encryption is essential to
            maintaining the security of the United States and United States
            leadership in space; and
                (3) in order to provide NASA with more secure and reliable
            space-based communications, the Space Communications and
            Navigation program office of NASA should continue--
                        (A) to support research on and development of
                    optical communications; and
                        (B) to develop quantum encryption capabilities,
                    especially as those capabilities apply to optical
                    communications networks.

    SEC. 660. LUNAR SURFACE TECHNOLOGIES.

        (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that the
    Administrator should--
                (1) identify and develop the technologies needed to live on
            and explore the lunar surface and prepare for future operations
            on Mars;
                (2) convene teams of experts from academia, industry, and
            government to shape the technology development priorities of
            the Administration for lunar surface exploration and
            habitation; and
                (3) establish partnerships with researchers, universities,
            and the private sector to rapidly develop and deploy
            technologies required for successful lunar surface exploration.
        (b) Development and Demonstration.--The Administrator shall carry
    out a program, within the Space Technology Mission Directorate, to
    conduct technology development and demonstrations to enable human and
    robotic exploration on the lunar surface.
        (c) Research Consortium.--The Administrator shall establish a
    consortium consisting of experts from academia, industry, and
    government--
                (1) to assist the Administrator in developing a cohesive,
            executable strategy for the development and deployment of
            technologies required for successful lunar surface exploration;
            and
                (2) to identify specific technologies relating to lunar
            surface exploration that--
                        (A) should be developed to facilitate such
                    exploration; or
                        (B) require future research and development.
        (d) Research Awards.--
                (1) In general.--The Administrator may task any member of
            the research consortium established under subsection (c) with
            conducting research and development with respect to a
            technology identified under paragraph (2) of that subsection.
                (2) Standard process for arrangements.--
                        (A) In general.--The Administrator shall develop a
                    standard process by which a consortium member tasked
                    with research and development under paragraph (1) may
                    enter into a formal arrangement with the Administrator
                    to carry out such research and development, such as an
                    arrangement under section 666 or 667.
                        (B) Report.--Not later than 120 days after the date
                    of the enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall
                    submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a
                    report on the one or more types of arrangement the
                    Administrator intends to enter into under this
                    subsection.

                            PART VI--STEM ENGAGEMENT

    SEC. 661. SENSE OF CONGRESS.

        It is the sense of Congress that--
                (1) NASA serves as a source of inspiration to the people of
            the United States; and
                (2) NASA is uniquely positioned to help increase student
            interest in science, technology, engineering, and math;
                (3) engaging students, and providing hands-on experience at
            an early age, in science, technology, engineering, and math are
            important aspects of ensuring and promoting United States
            leadership in innovation; and
                (4) NASA should strive to leverage its unique position--
                        (A) to increase kindergarten through grade 12
                    involvement in NASA projects;
                        (B) to enhance higher education in STEM fields in
                    the United States;
                        (C) to support individuals who are underrepresented
                    in science, technology, engineering, and math fields,
                    such as women, minorities, and individuals in rural
                    areas; and
                        (D) to provide flight opportunities for student
                    experiments and investigations.

    SEC. 662. STEM EDUCATION ENGAGEMENT ACTIVITIES.

        (a) In General.--The Administrator shall continue to provide
    opportunities for formal and informal STEM education engagement
    activities within the Office of NASA STEM Engagement and other NASA
    directorates, including--
                (1) the Established Program to Stimulate Competitive
            Research;
                (2) the Minority University Research and Education Project;
            and
                (3) the National Space Grant College and Fellowship
            Program.
        (b) Leveraging NASA National Programs to Promote STEM Education.--
    The Administrator, in partnership with museums, nonprofit
    organizations, and commercial entities, shall, to the maximum extent
    practicable, leverage human spaceflight missions, Deep Space
    Exploration Systems (including the Space Launch System, Orion, and
    Exploration Ground Systems), and NASA science programs to engage
    students at the kindergarten through grade 12 and higher education
    levels to pursue learning and career opportunities in STEM fields.
        (c) Briefing.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the
    enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall brief the appropriate
    committees of Congress on--
                (1) the status of the programs described in subsection (a);
            and
                (2) the manner by which each NASA STEM education engagement
            activity is organized and funded.
        (d) STEM Education Defined.--In this section, the term ``STEM
    education'' has the meaning given the term in section 2 of the STEM
    Education Act of 2015 (Public Law 114-59; 42 U.S.C. 6621 note).

    SEC. 663. SKILLED TECHNICAL EDUCATION OUTREACH PROGRAM.

        (a) Establishment.--The Administrator shall establish a program to
    conduct outreach to secondary school students--
                (1) to expose students to careers that require career and
            technical education; and
                (2) to encourage students to pursue careers that require
            career and technical education.
        (b) Outreach Plan.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the
    enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall submit to the
    appropriate committees of Congress a report on the outreach program
    under subsection (a) that includes--
                (1) an implementation plan;
                (2) a description of the resources needed to carry out the
            program; and
                (3) any recommendations on expanding outreach to secondary
            school students interested in skilled technical occupations.
        (c) Systems Observation.--
                (1) In general.--The Administrator shall develop a program
            and associated policies to allow students from accredited
            educational institutions to view the manufacturing, assembly,
            and testing of NASA-funded space and aeronautical systems, as
            the Administrator considers appropriate.
                (2) Considerations.--In developing the program and policies
            under paragraph (1), the Administrator shall take into
            consideration factors such as workplace safety, mission needs,
            and the protection of sensitive and proprietary technologies.

    SEC. 664. NATIONAL SPACE GRANT COLLEGE AND FELLOWSHIP PROGRAM.

        (a) Purposes.--Section 40301 of title 51, United States Code, is
    amended--
                (1) in paragraph (3)--
                        (A) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``and'' at the
                    end;
                        (B) in subparagraph (C), by adding ``and'' after
                    the semicolon at the end; and
                        (C) by adding at the end the following:
                        ``(D) promote equally the State and regional STEM
                    interests of each space grant consortium;''; and
                (2) in paragraph (4), by striking ``made up of university
            and industry members, in order to advance'' and inserting
            ``comprised of members of universities in each State and other
            entities, such as 2-year colleges, industries, science learning
            centers, museums, and government entities, to advance''.
        (b) Definitions.--Section 40302 of title 51, United States Code, is
    amended--
                (1) by striking paragraph (3);
                (2) by inserting after paragraph (2) the following:
                ``(3) Lead institution.--The term `lead institution' means
            an entity in a State that--
                        ``(A) was designated by the Administrator under
                    section 40306, as in effect on the day before the date
                    of the enactment of the National Aeronautics and Space
                    Administration Authorization Act of 2021; or
                        ``(B) is designated by the Administrator under
                    section 40303(d)(3).'';
                (3) in paragraph (4), by striking ``space grant college,
            space grant regional consortium, institution of higher
            education,'' and inserting ``lead institution, space grant
            consortium,'';
                (4) by striking paragraphs (6), (7), and (8);
                (5) by inserting after paragraph (5) the following:
                ``(6) Space grant consortium.--The term `space grant
            consortium' means a State-wide group, led by a lead
            institution, that has established partnerships with other
            academic institutions, industries, science learning centers,
            museums, and government entities to promote a strong
            educational base in the space and aeronautical sciences.'';
                (6) by redesignating paragraph (9) as paragraph (7);
                (7) in paragraph (7)(B), as so redesignated, by inserting
            ``and aeronautics'' after ``space'';
                (8) by striking paragraph (10); and
                (9) by adding at the end the following:
                ``(8) STEM.--The term `STEM' means science, technology,
            engineering, and mathematics.''.
        (c) Program Objective.--Section 40303 of title 51, United States
    Code, is amended--
                (1) by striking subsections (d) and (e);
                (2) by redesignating subsection (c) as subsection (e); and
                (3) by striking subsection (b) and inserting the following:
        ``(b) Program Objective.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Administrator shall carry out the
            national space grant college and fellowship program with the
            objective of providing hands-on research, training, and
            education programs with measurable outcomes in each State,
            including programs to provide--
                        ``(A) internships, fellowships, and scholarships;
                        ``(B) interdisciplinary hands-on mission programs
                    and design projects;
                        ``(C) student internships with industry or
                    university researchers or at centers of the
                    Administration;
                        ``(D) faculty and curriculum development
                    initiatives;
                        ``(E) university-based research initiatives
                    relating to the Administration and the STEM workforce
                    needs of each State; or
                        ``(F) STEM engagement programs for kindergarten
                    through grade 12 teachers and students.
                ``(2) Program priorities.--In carrying out the objective
            described in paragraph (1), the Administrator shall ensure that
            each program carried out by a space grant consortium under the
            national space grant college and fellowship program balances
            the following priorities:
                        ``(A) The space and aeronautics research needs of
                    the Administration, including the mission directorates.
                        ``(B) The need to develop a national STEM
                    workforce.
                        ``(C) The STEM workforce needs of the State.
        ``(c) Program Administered Through Space Grant Consortia.--The
    Administrator shall carry out the national space grant college and
    fellowship program through the space grant consortia.
        ``(d) Suspension; Termination; New Competition.--
                ``(1) Suspension.--The Administrator may, for cause and
            after an opportunity for hearing, suspend a lead institution
            that was designated by the Administrator under section 40306,
            as in effect on the day before the date of the enactment of the
            National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act
            of 2021.
                ``(2) Termination.--If the issue resulting in a suspension
            under paragraph (1) is not resolved within a period determined
            by the Administrator, the Administrator may terminate the
            designation of the entity as a lead institution.
                ``(3) New competition.--If the Administrator terminates the
            designation of an entity as a lead institution, the
            Administrator may initiate a new competition in the applicable
            State for the designation of a lead institution.''.
        (d) Grants.--Section 40304 of title 51, United States Code, is
    amended to read as follows:
    ``Sec. 40304. Grants
        ``(a) Eligible Space Grant Consortium Defined.--In this section,
    the term `eligible space grant consortium' means a space grant
    consortium that the Administrator has determined--
                ``(1) has the capability and objective to carry out not
            fewer than 3 of the 6 programs under section 40303(b)(1);
                ``(2) will carry out programs that balance the priorities
            described in section 40303(b)(2); and
                ``(3) is engaged in research, training, and education
            relating to space and aeronautics.
        ``(b) Grants.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Administrator shall award grants to
            the lead institutions of eligible space grant consortia to
            carry out the programs under section 40303(b)(1).
                ``(2) Request for proposals.--
                        ``(A) In general.--On the expiration of existing
                    cooperative agreements between the Administration and
                    the space grant consortia, the Administrator shall
                    issue a request for proposals from space grant
                    consortia for the award of grants under this section.
                        ``(B) Applications.--A lead institution of a space
                    grant consortium that seeks a grant under this section
                    shall submit, on behalf of such space grant consortium,
                    an application to the Administrator at such time, in
                    such manner, and accompanied by such information as the
                    Administrator may require.
                ``(3) Grant awards.--The Administrator shall award 1 or
            more 5-year grants, disbursed in annual installments, to the
            lead institution of the eligible space grant consortium of--
                        ``(A) each State;
                        ``(B) the District of Columbia; and
                        ``(C) the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico.
                ``(4) Use of funds.--A grant awarded under this section
            shall be used by an eligible space grant consortium to carry
            out not fewer than 3 of the 6 programs under section
            40303(b)(1).
        ``(c) Allocation of Funding.--
                ``(1) Program implementation.--
                        ``(A) In general.--To carry out the objective
                    described in section 40303(b)(1), of the funds made
                    available each fiscal year for the national space grant
                    college and fellowship program, the Administrator shall
                    allocate not less than 85 percent as follows:
                                ``(i) The 52 eligible space grant consortia
                            shall each receive an equal share.
                                ``(ii) The territories of Guam and the
                            United States Virgin Islands shall each receive
                            funds equal to approximately \1/5\ of the share
                            for each eligible space grant consortia.
                        ``(B) Matching requirement.--Each eligible space
                    grant consortium shall match the funds allocated under
                    subparagraph (A)(i) on a basis of not less than 1 non-
                    Federal dollar for every 1 Federal dollar, except that
                    any program funded under paragraph (3) or any program
                    to carry out 1 or more internships or fellowships shall
                    not be subject to that matching requirement.
                ``(2) Program administration.--
                        ``(A) In general.--Of the funds made available each
                    fiscal year for the national space grant college and
                    fellowship program, the Administrator shall allocate
                    not more than 10 percent for the administration of the
                    program.
                        ``(B) Costs covered.--The funds allocated under
                    subparagraph (A) shall cover all costs of the
                    Administration associated with the administration of
                    the national space grant college and fellowship
                    program, including--
                                ``(i) direct costs of the program,
                            including costs relating to support services
                            and civil service salaries and benefits;
                                ``(ii) indirect general and administrative
                            costs of centers and facilities of the
                            Administration; and
                                ``(iii) indirect general and administrative
                            costs of the Administration headquarters.
                ``(3) Special programs.--Of the funds made available each
            fiscal year for the national space grant college and fellowship
            program, the Administrator shall allocate not more than 5
            percent to the lead institutions of space grant consortia
            established as of the date of the enactment of the National
            Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2021
            for grants to carry out innovative approaches and programs to
            further science and education relating to the missions of the
            Administration and STEM disciplines.
        ``(d) Terms and Conditions.--
                ``(1) Limitations.--Amounts made available through a grant
            under this section may not be applied to--
                        ``(A) the purchase of land;
                        ``(B) the purchase, construction, preservation, or
                    repair of a building; or
                        ``(C) the purchase or construction of a launch
                    facility or launch vehicle.
                ``(2) Leases.--Notwithstanding paragraph (1), land,
            buildings, launch facilities, and launch vehicles may be leased
            under a grant on written approval by the Administrator.
                ``(3) Records.--
                        ``(A) In general.--Any person that receives or uses
                    the proceeds of a grant under this section shall keep
                    such records as the Administrator shall by regulation
                    prescribe as being necessary and appropriate to
                    facilitate effective audit and evaluation, including
                    records that fully disclose the amount and disposition
                    by a recipient of such proceeds, the total cost of the
                    program or project in connection with which such
                    proceeds were used, and the amount, if any, of such
                    cost that was provided through other sources.
                        ``(B) Maintenance of records.--Records under
                    subparagraph (A) shall be maintained for not less than
                    3 years after the date of completion of such a program
                    or project.
                        ``(C) Access.--For the purpose of audit and
                    evaluation, the Administrator and the Comptroller
                    General of the United States shall have access to any
                    books, documents, papers, and records of receipts
                    relating to a grant under this section, as determined
                    by the Administrator or Comptroller General.''.
        (e) Program Streamlining.--Title 51, United States Code, is
    amended--
                (1) by striking sections 40305 through 40308, 40310, and
            40311; and
                (2) by redesignating section 40309 as section 40305.
        (f) Conforming Amendment.--The table of sections at the beginning
    of chapter 403 of title 51, United States Code, is amended by striking
    the items relating to sections 40304 through 40311 and inserting the
    following:

    ``40304. Grants.
    ``40305. Availability of other Federal personnel and data.''.

                    PART VII--WORKFORCE AND INDUSTRIAL BASE

    SEC. 665. APPOINTMENT AND COMPENSATION PILOT PROGRAM.

        (a) Definition of Covered Provisions.--In this section, the term
    ``covered provisions'' means the provisions of title 5, United States
    Code, other than--
                (1) section 2301 of that title;
                (2) section 2302 of that title;
                (3) chapter 71 of that title;
                (4) section 7204 of that title; and
                (5) chapter 73 of that title.
        (b) Establishment.--There is established a 3-year pilot program
    under which, notwithstanding section 20113 of title 51, United States
    Code, the Administrator may, with respect to not more than 3,000
    designated personnel--
                (1) appoint and manage such designated personnel of the
            Administration, without regard to the covered provisions; and
                (2) fix the compensation of such designated personnel of
            the Administration, without regard to chapter 51 and subchapter
            III of chapter 53 of title 5, United States Code, at a rate
            that does not exceed the per annum rate of salary of the Vice
            President of the United States under section 104 of title 3,
            United States Code.
        (c) Administrator Responsibilities.--In carrying out the pilot
    program established under subsection (b), the Administrator shall
    ensure that the pilot program--
                (1) uses--
                        (A) state-of-the-art recruitment techniques;
                        (B) simplified classification methods with respect
                    to personnel of the Administration; and
                        (C) broad banding; and
                (2) offers--
                        (A) competitive compensation; and
                        (B) the opportunity for career mobility.

    SEC. 666. ESTABLISHMENT OF MULTI-INSTITUTION CONSORTIA.

        (a) In General.--The Administrator, pursuant to section
    2304(c)(3)(B) of title 10, United States Code, may--
                (1) establish one or more multi-institution consortia to
            facilitate access to essential engineering, research, and
            development capabilities in support of NASA missions;
                (2) use such a consortium to fund technical analyses and
            other engineering support to address the acquisition,
            technical, and operational needs of NASA centers; and
                (3) ensure such a consortium--
                        (A) is held accountable for the technical quality
                    of the work product developed under this section; and
                        (B) convenes disparate groups to facilitate public-
                    private partnerships.
        (b) Policies and Procedures.--The Administrator shall develop and
    implement policies and procedures to govern, with respect to the
    establishment of a consortium under subsection (a)--
                (1) the selection of participants;
                (2) the award of cooperative agreements or other contracts;
                (3) the appropriate use of competitive awards and sole
            source awards; and
                (4) technical capabilities required.
        (c) Eligibility.--The following entities shall be eligible to
    participate in a consortium established under subsection (a):
                (1) An institution of higher education (as defined in
            section 102 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C.
            1002)).
                (2) An operator of a federally funded research and
            development center.
                (3) A nonprofit or not-for-profit research institution.
                (4) A consortium composed of--
                        (A) an entity described in paragraph (1), (2), or
                    (3); and
                        (B) one or more for-profit entities.

    SEC. 667. EXPEDITED ACCESS TO TECHNICAL TALENT AND EXPERTISE.

        (a) In General.--The Administrator may--
                (1) establish one or more multi-institution task order
            contracts, consortia, cooperative agreements, or other
            arrangements to facilitate expedited access to eligible
            entities in support of NASA missions; and
                (2) use such a multi-institution task order contract,
            consortium, cooperative agreement, or other arrangement to fund
            technical analyses and other engineering support to address the
            acquisition, technical, and operational needs of NASA centers.
        (b) Consultation With Other NASA-affiliated Entities.--To ensure
    access to technical expertise and reduce costs and duplicative efforts,
    a multi-institution task order contract, consortium, cooperative
    agreement, or any other arrangement established under subsection (a)(1)
    shall, to the maximum extent practicable, be carried out in
    consultation with other NASA-affiliated entities, including federally
    funded research and development centers, university-affiliated research
    centers, and NASA laboratories and test centers.
        (c) Policies and Procedures.--The Administrator shall develop and
    implement policies and procedures to govern, with respect to the
    establishment of a multi-institution task order contract, consortium,
    cooperative agreement, or any other arrangement under subsection
    (a)(1)--
                (1) the selection of participants;
                (2) the award of task orders;
                (3) the maximum award size for a task;
                (4) the appropriate use of competitive awards and sole
            source awards; and
                (5) technical capabilities required.
        (d) Eligible Entity Defined.--In this section, the term ``eligible
    entity'' means--
                (1) an institution of higher education (as defined in
            section 102 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C.
            1002));
                (2) an operator of a federally funded research and
            development center;
                (3) a nonprofit or not-for-profit research institution; and
                (4) a consortium composed of--
                        (A) an entity described in paragraph (1), (2), or
                    (3); and
                        (B) one or more for-profit entities.

    SEC. 668. REPORT ON INDUSTRIAL BASE FOR CIVIL SPACE MISSIONS AND
                  OPERATIONS.

        (a) In General.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the
    enactment of this Act, and from time to time thereafter, the
    Administrator shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a
    report on the United States industrial base for NASA civil space
    missions and operations.
        (b) Elements.--The report required by subsection (a) shall include
    the following:
                (1) A comprehensive description of the current status of
            the United States industrial base for NASA civil space missions
            and operations.
                (2) A description and assessment of the weaknesses in the
            supply chain, skills, manufacturing capacity, raw materials,
            key components, and other areas of the United States industrial
            base for NASA civil space missions and operations that could
            adversely impact such missions and operations if unavailable.
                (3) A description and assessment of various mechanisms to
            address and mitigate the weaknesses described pursuant to
            paragraph (2).
                (4) A comprehensive list of the collaborative efforts,
            including future and proposed collaborative efforts, between
            NASA and the Manufacturing USA institutes of the Department of
            Commerce.
                (5) An assessment of--
                        (A) the defense and aerospace manufacturing supply
                    chains relevant to NASA in each region of the United
                    States; and
                        (B) the feasibility and benefits of establishing a
                    supply chain center of excellence in a State in which
                    NASA does not, as of the date of the enactment of this
                    Act, have a research center or test facility.
                (6) Such other matters relating to the United States
            industrial base for NASA civil space missions and operations as
            the Administrator considers appropriate.

    SEC. 669. SEPARATIONS AND RETIREMENT INCENTIVES.

        Section 20113 of title 51, United States Code, is amended by adding
    at the end the following:
        ``(o) Provisions Related to Separation and Retirement Incentives.--
                ``(1) Definition.--In this subsection, the term
            `employee'--
                        ``(A) means an employee of the Administration
                    serving under an appointment without time limitation;
                    and
                        ``(B) does not include--
                                ``(i) a reemployed annuitant under
                            subchapter III of chapter 83 or chapter 84 of
                            title 5 or any other retirement system for
                            employees of the Federal Government;
                                ``(ii) an employee having a disability on
                            the basis of which such employee is or would be
                            eligible for disability retirement under any of
                            the retirement systems referred to in clause
                            (i); or
                                ``(iii) for purposes of eligibility for
                            separation incentives under this subsection, an
                            employee who is in receipt of a decision notice
                            of involuntary separation for misconduct or
                            unacceptable performance.
                ``(2) Authority.--The Administrator may establish a program
            under which employees may be eligible for early retirement,
            offered separation incentive pay to separate from service
            voluntarily, or both. This authority may be used to reduce the
            number of personnel employed or to restructure the workforce to
            meet mission objectives without reducing the overall number of
            personnel. This authority is in addition to, and
            notwithstanding, any other authorities established by law or
            regulation for such programs.
                ``(3) Early retirement.--An employee who is at least 50
            years of age and has completed 20 years of service, or has at
            least 25 years of service, may, pursuant to regulations
            promulgated under this subsection, apply and be retired from
            the Administration and receive benefits in accordance with
            subchapter III of chapter 83 or 84 of title 5 if the employee
            has been employed continuously within the Administration for
            more than 30 days before the date on which the determination to
            conduct a reduction or restructuring within 1 or more
            Administration centers is approved.
                ``(4) Separation pay.--
                        ``(A) In general.--Separation pay shall be paid in
                    a lump sum or in installments and shall be equal to the
                    lesser of--
                                ``(i) an amount equal to the amount the
                            employee would be entitled to receive under
                            section 5595(c) of title 5, if the employee
                            were entitled to payment under such section; or
                                ``(ii) $40,000.
                        ``(B) Limitations.--Separation pay shall not be a
                    basis for payment, and shall not be included in the
                    computation, of any other type of Government benefit.
                    Separation pay shall not be taken into account for the
                    purpose of determining the amount of any severance pay
                    to which an individual may be entitled under section
                    5595 of title 5, based on any other separation.
                        ``(C) Installments.--Separation pay, if paid in
                    installments, shall cease to be paid upon the
                    recipient's acceptance of employment by the Federal
                    Government, or commencement of work under a personal
                    services contract as described in paragraph (5).
                ``(5) Limitations on reemployment.--
                        ``(A) An employee who receives separation pay under
                    such program may not be reemployed by the
                    Administration for a 12-month period beginning on the
                    effective date of the employee's separation, unless
                    this prohibition is waived by the Administrator on a
                    case-by-case basis.
                        ``(B) An employee who receives separation pay under
                    this section on the basis of a separation and accepts
                    employment with the Government of the United States, or
                    who commences work through a personal services contract
                    with the United States within 5 years after the date of
                    the separation on which payment of the separation pay
                    is based, shall be required to repay the entire amount
                    of the separation pay to the Administration. If the
                    employment is with an Executive agency (as defined by
                    section 105 of title 5) other than the Administration,
                    the Administrator may, at the request of the head of
                    that agency, waive the repayment if the individual
                    involved possesses unique abilities and is the only
                    qualified applicant available for the position. If the
                    employment is within the Administration, the
                    Administrator may waive the repayment if the individual
                    involved is the only qualified applicant available for
                    the position. If the employment is with an entity in
                    the legislative branch, the head of the entity or the
                    appointing official may waive the repayment if the
                    individual involved possesses unique abilities and is
                    the only qualified applicant available for the
                    position. If the employment is with the judicial
                    branch, the Director of the Administrative Office of
                    the United States Courts may waive the repayment if the
                    individual involved possesses unique abilities and is
                    the only qualified applicant available for the
                    position.
                ``(6) Regulations.--Under the program established under
            paragraph (2), early retirement and separation pay may be
            offered only pursuant to regulations established by the
            Administrator, subject to such limitations or conditions as the
            Administrator may require.
                ``(7) Use of existing funds.--The Administrator shall carry
            out this subsection using amounts otherwise made available to
            the Administrator and no additional funds are authorized to be
            appropriated to carry out this subsection.''.

    SEC. 670. CONFIDENTIALITY OF MEDICAL QUALITY ASSURANCE RECORDS.

        (a) In General.--Chapter 313 of title 51, United States Code, is
    amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``Sec. 31303. Confidentiality of medical quality assurance records
        ``(a) In General.--Except as provided in subsection (b)(1)--
                ``(1) a medical quality assurance record, or any part of a
            medical quality assurance record, may not be subject to
            discovery or admitted into evidence in a judicial or
            administrative proceeding; and
                ``(2) an individual who reviews or creates a medical
            quality assurance record for the Administration, or
            participates in any proceeding that reviews or creates a
            medical quality assurance record, may not testify in a judicial
            or administrative proceeding with respect to--
                        ``(A) the medical quality assurance record; or
                        ``(B) any finding, recommendation, evaluation,
                    opinion, or action taken by such individual or in
                    accordance with such proceeding with respect to the
                    medical quality assurance record.
        ``(b) Disclosure of Records.--
                ``(1) In general.--Notwithstanding subsection (a), a
            medical quality assurance record may be disclosed to--
                        ``(A) a Federal agency or private entity, if the
                    medical quality assurance record is necessary for the
                    Federal agency or private entity to carry out--
                                ``(i) licensing or accreditation functions
                            relating to Administration healthcare
                            facilities; or
                                ``(ii) monitoring of Administration
                            healthcare facilities required by law;
                        ``(B) a Federal agency or healthcare provider, if
                    the medical quality assurance record is required by the
                    Federal agency or healthcare provider to enable
                    Administration participation in a healthcare program of
                    the Federal agency or healthcare provider;
                        ``(C) a criminal or civil law enforcement agency,
                    or an instrumentality authorized by law to protect the
                    public health or safety, on written request by a
                    qualified representative of such agency or
                    instrumentality submitted to the Administrator that
                    includes a description of the lawful purpose for which
                    the medical quality assurance record is requested;
                        ``(D) an officer, an employee, or a contractor of
                    the Administration who requires the medical quality
                    assurance record to carry out an official duty
                    associated with healthcare;
                        ``(E) healthcare personnel, to the extent necessary
                    to address a medical emergency affecting the health or
                    safety of an individual; and
                        ``(F) any committee, panel, or board convened by
                    the Administration to review the healthcare-related
                    policies and practices of the Administration.
                ``(2) Subsequent disclosure prohibited.--An individual or
            entity to whom a medical quality assurance record has been
            disclosed under paragraph (1) may not make a subsequent
            disclosure of the medical quality assurance record.
        ``(c) Personally Identifiable Information.--
                ``(1) In general.--Except as provided in paragraph (2), the
            personally identifiable information contained in a medical
            quality assurance record of a patient or an employee of the
            Administration, or any other individual associated with the
            Administration for purposes of a medical quality assurance
            program, shall be removed before the disclosure of the medical
            quality assurance record to an entity other than the
            Administration.
                ``(2) Exception.-- Personally identifiable information
            described in paragraph (1) may be released to an entity other
            than the Administration if the Administrator makes a
            determination that the release of such personally identifiable
            information--
                        ``(A) is in the best interests of the
                    Administration; and
                        ``(B) does not constitute an unwarranted invasion
                    of personal privacy.
        ``(d) Exclusion From FOIA.--A medical quality assurance record may
    not be made available to any person under section 552 of title 5,
    United States Code (commonly referred to as the `Freedom of Information
    Act'), and this section shall be considered a statute described in
    subsection (b)(3)(B) of such section 522.
        ``(e) Regulations.--Not later than one year after the date of the
    enactment of this section, the Administrator shall promulgate
    regulations to implement this section.
        ``(f) Rules of Construction.--Nothing in this section shall be
    construed--
                ``(1) to withhold a medical quality assurance record from a
            committee of the Senate or House of Representatives or a joint
            committee of Congress if the medical quality assurance record
            relates to a matter within the jurisdiction of such committee
            or joint committee; or
                ``(2) to limit the use of a medical quality assurance
            record within the Administration, including the use by a
            contractor or consultant of the Administration.
        ``(g) Definitions.--In this section:
                ``(1) Medical quality assurance record.--The term `medical
            quality assurance record' means any proceeding, discussion,
            record, finding, recommendation, evaluation, opinion, minutes,
            report, or other document or action that results from a quality
            assurance committee, quality assurance program, or quality
            assurance program activity.
                ``(2) Quality assurance program.--
                        ``(A) In general.--The term `quality assurance
                    program' means a comprehensive program of the
                    Administration--
                                ``(i) to systematically review and improve
                            the quality of medical and behavioral health
                            services provided by the Administration to
                            ensure the safety and security of individuals
                            receiving such health services; and
                                ``(ii) to evaluate and improve the
                            efficiency, effectiveness, and use of staff and
                            resources in the delivery of such health
                            services.
                        ``(B) Inclusion.--The term `quality assurance
                    program' includes any activity carried out by or for
                    the Administration to assess the quality of medical
                    care provided by the Administration.''.
        (b) Technical and Conforming Amendment.--The table of sections for
    chapter 313 of title 51, United States Code, is amended by adding at
    the end the following:

    ``31303. Confidentiality of medical quality assurance records.''.

                      PART VIII--MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS

    SEC. 671. CONTRACTING AUTHORITY.

        Section 20113 of title 51, United States Code, is amended by adding
    at the end the following:
        ``(o) Contracting Authority.--The Administration--
                ``(1) may enter into an agreement with a private,
            commercial, or State government entity to provide the entity
            with supplies, support, and services related to private,
            commercial, or State government space activities carried out at
            a property owned or operated by the Administration; and
                ``(2) upon the request of such an entity, may include such
            supplies, support, and services in the requirements of the
            Administration if--
                        ``(A) the Administrator determines that the
                    inclusion of such supplies, support, or services in
                    such requirements--
                                ``(i) is in the best interest of the
                            Federal Government;
                                ``(ii) does not interfere with the
                            requirements of the Administration; and
                                ``(iii) does not compete with the
                            commercial space activities of other such
                            entities; and
                        ``(B) the Administration has full reimbursable
                    funding from the entity that requested supplies,
                    support, and services prior to making any obligation
                    for the delivery of such supplies, support, or services
                    under an Administration procurement contract or any
                    other agreement.''.

    SEC. 672. AUTHORITY FOR TRANSACTION PROTOTYPE PROJECTS AND FOLLOW-ON
                  PRODUCTION CONTRACTS.

        Section 20113 of title 51, United States Code, as amended by
    section 671, is further amended by adding at the end the following:
        ``(p) Transaction Prototype Projects and Follow-on Production
    Contracts.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Administration may enter into a
            transaction (other than a contract, cooperative agreement, or
            grant) to carry out a prototype project that is directly
            relevant to enhancing the mission effectiveness of the
            Administration.
                ``(2) Subsequent award of follow-on production contract.--A
            transaction entered into under this subsection for a prototype
            project may provide for the subsequent award of a follow-on
            production contract to participants in the transaction.
                ``(3) Inclusion.--A transaction under this subsection
            includes a project awarded to an individual participant and to
            all individual projects awarded to a consortium of United
            States industry and academic institutions.
                ``(4) Determination.--The authority of this section may be
            exercised for a transaction for a prototype project and any
            follow-on production contract, upon a determination by the head
            of the contracting activity, in accordance with Administration
            policies, that--
                        ``(A) circumstances justify use of a transaction to
                    provide an innovative business arrangement that would
                    not be feasible or appropriate under a contract; and
                        ``(B) the use of the authority of this section is
                    essential to promoting the success of the prototype
                    project.
                ``(5) Competitive procedure.--
                        ``(A) In general.--To the maximum extent
                    practicable, the Administrator shall use competitive
                    procedures with respect to entering into a transaction
                    to carry out a prototype project.
                        ``(B) Exception.--Notwithstanding section 2304 of
                    title 10, United States Code, a follow-on production
                    contract may be awarded to the participants in the
                    prototype transaction without the use of competitive
                    procedures, if--
                                ``(i) competitive procedures were used for
                            the selection of parties for participation in
                            the prototype transaction; and
                                ``(ii) the participants in the transaction
                            successfully completed the prototype project
                            provided for in the transaction.
                ``(6) Cost share.--A transaction to carry out a prototype
            project and a follow-on production contract may require that
            part of the total cost of the transaction or contract be paid
            by the participant or contractor from a source other than the
            Federal Government.
                ``(7) Procurement ethics.--A transaction under this
            authority shall be considered an agency procurement for
            purposes of chapter 21 of title 41, United States Code, with
            regard to procurement ethics.''.

    SEC. 673. PROTECTION OF DATA AND INFORMATION FROM PUBLIC DISCLOSURE.

        (a) Certain Technical Data.--Section 20131 of title 51, United
    States Code, is amended--
                (1) by redesignating subsection (c) as subsection (d);
                (2) in subsection (a)(3), by striking ``subsection (b)''
            and inserting ``subsection (b) or (c)'';
                (3) by inserting after subsection (b) the following:
        ``(c) Special Handling of Certain Technical Data.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Administrator may provide
            appropriate protections against the public dissemination of
            certain technical data, including exemption from subchapter II
            of chapter 5 of title 5.
                ``(2) Definitions.--In this subsection:
                        ``(A) Certain technical data.--The term `certain
                    technical data' means technical data that may not be
                    exported lawfully outside the United States without
                    approval, authorization, or license under--
                                ``(i) the Export Control Reform Act of 2018
                            (Public Law 115-232; 132 Stat. 2208); or
                                ``(ii) the International Security
                            Assistance and Arms Export Control Act of 1976
                            (Public Law 94-329; 90 Stat. 729).
                        ``(B) Technical data.--The term `technical data'
                    means any blueprint, drawing, photograph, plan,
                    instruction, computer software, or documentation, or
                    any other technical information.'';
                (4) in subsection (d), as so redesignated, by inserting ``,
            including any data,'' after ``information''; and
                (5) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(e) Exclusion From FOIA.--This shall be considered a statute
    described in subsection (b)(3)(B) of 552 of title 5 (commonly referred
    to as the `Freedom of Information Act').''.
        (b) Certain Voluntarily Provided Safety-related Information.--
                (1) In general.--The Administrator shall provide
            appropriate safeguards against the public dissemination of
            safety-related information collected as part of a mishap
            investigation carried out under the NASA safety reporting
            system or in conjunction with an organizational safety
            assessment, if the Administrator makes a written determination,
            including a justification of the determination, that--
                        (A)(i) disclosure of the information would inhibit
                    individuals from voluntarily providing safety-related
                    information; and
                        (ii) the ability of NASA to collect such
                    information improves the safety of NASA programs and
                    research relating to aeronautics and space; or
                (B) withholding such information from public disclosure
            improves the safety of such NASA programs and research.
                (2) Other federal agencies.--Notwithstanding any other
            provision of law, if the Administrator provides to the head of
            another Federal agency safety-related information with respect
            to which the Administrator has made a determination under
            paragraph (1), the head of the Federal agency shall withhold
            the information from public disclosure.
                (3) Public availability.--A determination or part of a
            determination under paragraph (1) shall be made available to
            the public on request, as required under 552 of title 5, United
            States Code (commonly referred to as the ``Freedom of
            Information Act'').
                (4) Exclusion from foia.--This subsection shall be
            considered a statute described in subsection (b)(3)(B) of
            section 552 of title 5, United States Code.

    SEC. 674. PHYSICAL SECURITY MODERNIZATION.

        Chapter 201 of title 51, United States Code, is amended--
                (1) in section 20133(2), by striking ``property'' and all
            that follows through ``to the United States,'' and inserting
            ``Administration personnel or of property owned or leased by,
            or under the control of, the United States''; and
                (2) in section 20134, in the second sentence--
                        (A) by inserting ``Administration personnel or
                    any'' after ``protecting''; and
                        (B) by striking ``, at facilities owned or
                    contracted to the Administration''.

    SEC. 675. LEASE OF NON-EXCESS PROPERTY.

        Section 20145 of title 51, United States Code, is amended--
                (1) in subsection (b)(1)(B), by striking ``entered into for
            the purpose of developing renewable energy production
            facilities''; and
                (2) in subsection (g), in the first sentence, by striking
            ``December 31, 2021'' and inserting ``December 31, 2025''.

    SEC. 676. CYBERSECURITY.

        (a) In General.--Section 20301 of title 51, United States Code, is
    amended by adding at the end the following:
        ``(c) Cybersecurity.--The Administrator shall update and improve
    the cybersecurity of NASA space assets and supporting
    infrastructure.''.
        (b) Security Operations Center.--
                (1) Establishment.--The Administrator shall maintain a
            Security Operations Center, to identify and respond to
            cybersecurity threats to NASA information technology systems,
            including institutional systems and mission systems.
                (2) Inspector general recommendations.--The Administrator
            shall implement, to the maximum extent practicable, each of the
            recommendations contained in the report of the Inspector
            General of NASA entitled ``Audit of NASA's Security Operations
            Center'', issued on May 23, 2018.
        (c) Cyber Threat Hunt.--
                (1) In general.--The Administrator, in coordination with
            the Secretary of Homeland Security and the heads of other
            relevant Federal agencies, may implement a cyber threat hunt
            capability to proactively search NASA information systems for
            advanced cyber threats that otherwise evade existing security
            tools.
                (2) Threat-hunting process.--In carrying out paragraph (1),
            the Administrator shall develop and document a threat-hunting
            process, including the roles and responsibilities of
            individuals conducting a cyber threat hunt.
        (d) GAO Priority Recommendations.--The Administrator shall
    implement, to the maximum extent practicable, the recommendations for
    NASA contained in the report of the Comptroller General of the United
    States entitled ``Information Security: Agencies Need to Improve
    Controls over Selected High-Impact Systems'', issued May 18, 2016,
    including--
                (1) re-evaluating security control assessments; and
                (2) specifying metrics for the continuous monitoring
            strategy of the Administration.

    SEC. 677. LIMITATION ON COOPERATION WITH THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF
                  CHINA.

        (a) In General.--Except as provided by subsection (b), the
    Administrator, the Director of the OSTP, and the Chair of the National
    Space Council, shall not--
                (1) develop, design, plan, promulgate, implement, or
            execute a bilateral policy, program, order, or contract of any
            kind to participate, collaborate, or coordinate bilaterally in
            any manner with--
                        (A) the Government of the People's Republic of
                    China; or
                        (B) any company--
                                (i) owned by the Government of the People's
                            Republic of China; or
                                (ii) incorporated under the laws of the
                            People's Republic of China; and
                (2) host official visitors from the People's Republic of
            China at a facility belonging to or used by NASA.
        (b) Waiver.--
                (1) In general.--The Administrator, the Director, or the
            Chair may waive the limitation under subsection (a) with
            respect to an activity described in that subsection only if the
            Administrator, the Director, or the Chair, as applicable, makes
            a determination that the activity--
                        (A) does not pose a risk of a transfer of
                    technology, data, or other information with national
                    security or economic security implications to an entity
                    described in paragraph (1) of such subsection; and
                        (B) does not involve knowing interactions with
                    officials who have been determined by the United States
                    to have direct involvement with violations of human
                    rights.
                (2) Certification to congress.--Not later than 30 days
            after the date on which a waiver is granted under paragraph
            (1), the Administrator, the Director, or the Chair, as
            applicable, shall submit to the Committee on Commerce, Science,
            and Transportation and the Committee on Appropriations of the
            Senate and the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology and
            the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives
            a written certification that the activity complies with the
            requirements in subparagraphs (A) and (B) of that paragraph.
        (c) GAO Review.--
                (1) In general.--The Comptroller General of the United
            States shall conduct a review of NASA contracts that may
            subject the Administration to unacceptable transfers of
            intellectual property or technology to any entity--
                        (A) owned or controlled (in whole or in part) by,
                    or otherwise affiliated with, the Government of the
                    People's Republic of China; or
                        (B) organized under, or otherwise subject to, the
                    laws of the People's Republic of China.
                (2) Elements.--The review required under paragraph (1)
            shall assess--
                        (A) whether the Administrator is aware--
                                (i) of any NASA contractor that benefits
                            from significant financial assistance from--
                                        (I) the Government of the People's
                                    Republic of China;
                                        (II) any entity controlled by the
                                    Government of the People's Republic of
                                    China; or
                                        (III) any other governmental entity
                                    of the People's Republic of China; and
                                (ii) that the Government of the People's
                            Republic of China, or an entity controlled by
                            the Government of the People's Republic of
                            China, may be--
                                        (I) leveraging United States
                                    companies that share ownership with
                                    NASA contractors; or
                                        (II) obtaining intellectual
                                    property or technology illicitly or by
                                    other unacceptable means; and
                        (B) the steps the Administrator is taking to ensure
                    that--
                                (i) NASA contractors are not being
                            leveraged (directly or indirectly) by the
                            Government of the People's Republic of China or
                            by an entity controlled by the Government of
                            the People's Republic of China;
                                (ii) the intellectual property and
                            technology of NASA contractors are adequately
                            protected; and
                                (iii) NASA flight-critical components are
                            not sourced from the People's Republic of China
                            through any entity benefitting from Chinese
                            investments, loans, or other assistance.
                (3) Recommendations.--The Comptroller General shall provide
            to the Administrator recommendations for future NASA
            contracting based on the results of the review.
                (4) Plan.--Not later than 180 days after the date on which
            the Comptroller General completes the review, the Administrator
            shall--
                        (A) develop a plan to implement the recommendations
                    of the Comptroller General; and
                        (B) submit the plan to the appropriate committees
                    of Congress.
        (d) Termination.--The limitation under subsection (a) shall cease
    to have effect on the date that is 10 years after the date of the
    enactment of this Act.

    SEC. 678. CONSIDERATION OF ISSUES RELATED TO CONTRACTING WITH ENTITIES
                  RECEIVING ASSISTANCE FROM OR AFFILIATED WITH THE PEOPLE'S
                  REPUBLIC OF CHINA.

        (a) In General.--With respect to a matter in response to a request
    for proposal or a broad area announcement by the Administrator, or
    award of any contract, agreement, or other transaction with the
    Administrator, a commercial or noncommercial entity shall certify that
    it is not majority owned or controlled (as defined in section 800.208
    of title 31, Code of Federal Regulations), or minority owned greater
    than 25 percent, by--
                (1) any governmental organization of the People's Republic
            of China; or
                (2) any other entity that is--
                        (A) known to be owned or controlled by any
                    governmental organization of the People's Republic of
                    China; or
                        (B) organized under, or otherwise subject to, the
                    laws of the People's Republic of China.
        (b) False Statements.--
                (1) In general.--A false statement contained in a
            certification under subsection (a) constitutes a false or
            fraudulent claim for purposes of chapter 47 of title 18, United
            States Code.
                (2) Action under federal acquisition regulation.--Any party
            convicted for making a false statement with respect to a
            certification under subsection (a) shall be subject to
            debarment from contracting with the Administrator for a period
            of not less than 1 year, as determined by the Administrator, in
            addition to other appropriate action in accordance with the
            Federal Acquisition Regulation maintained under section
            1303(a)(1) of title 41, United States Code.
        (c) Annual Report.--The Administrator shall submit to the
    appropriate committees of Congress an annual report detailing any
    violation of this section.

    SEC. 679. SMALL SATELLITE LAUNCH SERVICES PROGRAM.

        (a) In General.--The Administrator shall continue to procure
    dedicated launch services, including from small and venture class
    launch providers, for small satellites, including CubeSats, for the
    purpose of conducting science and technology missions that further the
    goals of NASA.
        (b) Requirements.--In carrying out the program under subsection
    (a), the Administrator shall engage with the academic community to
    maximize awareness and use of dedicated small satellite launch
    opportunities.
        (c) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this section shall prevent
    the Administrator from continuing to use a secondary payload of
    procured launch services for CubeSats.

    SEC. 680. 21ST CENTURY SPACE LAUNCH INFRASTRUCTURE.

        (a) In General.--The Administrator shall carry out a program to
    modernize multi-user launch infrastructure at NASA facilities--
                (1) to enhance safety; and
                (2) to advance Government and commercial space
            transportation and exploration.
        (b) Projects.--Projects funded under the program under subsection
    (a) may include--
                (1) infrastructure relating to commodities;
                (2) standard interfaces to meet customer needs for multiple
            payload processing and launch vehicle processing;
                (3) enhancements to range capacity and flexibility; and
                (4) such other projects as the Administrator considers
            appropriate to meet the goals described in subsection (a).
        (c) Requirements.--In carrying out the program under subsection
    (a), the Administrator shall--
                (1) identify and prioritize investments in projects that
            can be used by multiple users and launch vehicles, including
            non-NASA users and launch vehicles; and
                (2) limit investments to projects that would not otherwise
            be funded by a NASA program, such as an institutional or
            programmatic infrastructure program.
        (d) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this section shall preclude a
    NASA program, including the Space Launch System and Orion, from using
    the launch infrastructure modernized under this section.

    SEC. 681. MISSIONS OF NATIONAL NEED.

        (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the Sense of Congress that--
                (1) while certain space missions, such as asteroid
            detection or space debris mitigation or removal missions, may
            not provide the highest-value science, as determined by the
            National Academies of Science, Engineering, and Medicine
            decadal surveys, such missions provide tremendous value to the
            United States and the world; and
                (2) the current organizational and funding structure of
            NASA has not prioritized the funding of missions of national
            need.
        (b) Study.--
                (1) In general.--The Director of the OSTP shall conduct a
            study on the manner in which NASA funds missions of national
            need.
                (2) Matters to be included.--The study conducted under
            paragraph (1) shall include the following:
                        (A) An identification and assessment of the types
                    of missions or technology development programs that
                    constitute missions of national need.
                        (B) An assessment of the manner in which such
                    missions are currently funded and managed by NASA.
                        (C) An analysis of the options for funding missions
                    of national need, including--
                                (i) structural changes required to allow
                            NASA to fund such missions; and
                                (ii) an assessment of the capacity of other
                            Federal agencies to make funds available for
                            such missions.
        (c) Report to Congress.--Not later than 1 year after the date of
    the enactment of this Act, the Director of the OSTP shall submit to the
    appropriate committees of Congress a report on the results of the study
    conducted under subsection (b), including recommendations for funding
    missions of national need.

    SEC. 682. DRINKING WATER WELL REPLACEMENT FOR CHINCOTEAGUE, VIRGINIA.

        Notwithstanding any other provision of law, during the 5-year
    period beginning on the date of the enactment of this Act, the
    Administrator may enter into 1 or more agreements with the town of
    Chincoteague, Virginia, to reimburse the town for costs that are
    directly associated with--
                (1) the removal of drinking water wells located on property
            administered by the Administration; and
                (2) the relocation of such wells to property under the
            administrative control, through lease, ownership, or easement,
            of the town.

    SEC. 683. PASSENGER CARRIER USE.

        Section 1344(a)(2) of title 31, United States Code, is amended--
                (1) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``or'' at the end;
                (2) in subparagraph (B), by inserting ``or'' after the
            comma at the end; and
                (3) by inserting after subparagraph (B) the following:
                ``(C) necessary for post-flight transportation of United
            States Government astronauts, and other astronauts subject to
            reimbursable arrangements, returning from space for the
            performance of medical research, monitoring, diagnosis, or
            treatment, or other official duties, prior to receiving post-
            flight medical clearance to operate a motor vehicle,''.

    SEC. 684. USE OF COMMERCIAL NEAR-SPACE BALLOONS.

        (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that the use of
    an array of capabilities, including the use of commercially available
    near-space balloon assets, is in the best interest of the United
    States.
        (b) Use of Commercial Near-space Balloons.--The Administrator shall
    use commercially available balloon assets operating at near-space
    altitudes, to the maximum extent practicable, as part of a diverse set
    of capabilities to effectively and efficiently meet the goals of the
    Administration.

    SEC. 685. PRESIDENT'S SPACE ADVISORY BOARD.

        Section 121 of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration
    Authorization Act, Fiscal Year 1991 (Public Law 101-611; 51 U.S.C.
    20111 note) is amended--
                (1) in the section heading, by striking ``users' advisory
            group'' and inserting ``president's space advisory board''; and
                (2) by striking ``Users' Advisory Group'' each place it
            appears and inserting ``President's Space Advisory Board.''

    SEC. 686. INITIATIVE ON TECHNOLOGIES FOR NOISE AND EMISSIONS
                  REDUCTIONS.

        (a) Initiative Required.--Section 40112 of title 51, United States
    Code, is amended--
                (1) by redesignating subsections (b) through (f) as
            subsections (c) through (g), respectively; and
                (2) by inserting after subsection (a) the following new
            subsection (b):
        ``(b) Technologies for Noise and Emissions Reduction.--
                ``(1) Initiative required.--The Administrator shall
            establish an initiative to build upon and accelerate previous
            or ongoing work to develop and demonstrate new technologies,
            including systems architecture, components, or integration of
            systems and airframe structures, in electric aircraft
            propulsion concepts that are capable of substantially reducing
            both emissions and noise from aircraft.
                ``(2) Approach.--In carrying out the initiative, the
            Administrator shall do the following:
                        ``(A) Continue and expand work of the
                    Administration on research, development, and
                    demonstration of electric aircraft concepts, and the
                    integration of such concepts.
                        ``(B) To the extent practicable, work with multiple
                    partners, including small businesses and new entrants,
                    on research and development activities related to
                    transport category aircraft.
                        ``(C) Provide guidance to the Federal Aviation
                    Administration on technologies developed and tested
                    pursuant to the initiative.''.
        (b) Reports.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the
    enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter as a part of the
    Administration's budget submission, the Administrator shall submit a
    report to the appropriate committee of Congress on the progress of the
    work under the initiative required by subsection (b) of section 40112
    of title 51, United States Code (as amended by subsection (a) of this
    section), including an updated, anticipated timeframe for aircraft
    entering into service that produce 50 percent less noise and emissions
    than the highest performing aircraft in service as of December 31,
    2019.

    SEC. 687. REMEDIATION OF SITES CONTAMINATED WITH TRICHLOROETHYLENE.

        (a) Identification of Sites.--Not later than 180 days after the
    date of the enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall identify
    sites of the Administration contaminated with trichloroethylene.
        (b) Report Required.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the
    enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall submit to the
    appropriate committees of Congress a report that includes--
                (1) the recommendations of the Administrator for
            remediating the sites identified under subsection (a) during
            the 5-year period beginning on the date of the report; and
                (2) an estimate of the financial resources necessary to
            implement those recommendations.

    SEC. 688. REVIEW ON PREFERENCE FOR DOMESTIC SUPPLIERS.

        (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the Sense of Congress that the
    Administration should, to the maximum extent practicable and with due
    consideration of foreign policy goals and obligations under Federal
    law--
                (1) use domestic suppliers of goods and services; and
                (2) ensure compliance with the Federal acquisition
            regulations, including subcontract flow-down provisions.
        (b) Review.--
                (1) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the date of
            the enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall undertake a
            comprehensive review of the domestic supplier preferences of
            the Administration and the obligations of the Administration
            under the Federal acquisition regulations to ensure compliance,
            particularly with respect to Federal acquisition regulations
            provisions that apply to foreign-based subcontractors.
                (2) Elements.--The review under paragraph (1) shall
            include--
                        (A) an assessment as to whether the Administration
                    has provided funding for infrastructure of a foreign-
                    owned company or State-sponsored entity in recent
                    years; and
                        (B) a review of any impact such funding has had on
                    domestic service providers.
        (c) Report.--The Administrator shall submit to the appropriate
    committees of Congress a report on the results of the review.

    SEC. 689. REPORT ON USE OF COMMERCIAL SPACEPORTS LICENSED BY THE
                  FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION.

        (a) In General.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the
    enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall submit to the
    appropriate committees of Congress a report on the benefits of
    increased use of commercial spaceports licensed by the Federal Aviation
    Administration for NASA civil space missions and operations.
        (b) Elements.--The report required by subsection (a) shall include
    the following:
                (1) A description and assessment of current use of
            commercial spaceports licensed by the Federal Aviation
            Administration for NASA civil space missions and operations.
                (2) A description and assessment of the benefits of
            increased use of such spaceports for such missions and
            operations.
                (3) A description and assessment of the steps necessary to
            achieve increased use of such spaceports for such missions and
            operations.

    SEC. 690. ACTIVE ORBITAL DEBRIS MITIGATION.

        (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
                (1) orbital debris, particularly in low-Earth orbit, poses
            a hazard to NASA missions, particularly human spaceflight; and
                (2) progress has been made on the development of guidelines
            for long-term space sustainability through the United Nations
            Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space.
        (b) Requirements.--The Administrator should--
                (1) ensure the policies and standard practices of NASA meet
            or exceed international guidelines for spaceflight safety; and
                (2) support the development of orbital debris mitigation
            technologies through continued research and development of
            concepts.
        (c) Report to Congress.--Not later than 90 days after the date of
    the enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall submit to the
    appropriate committees of Congress a report on the status of
    implementing subsection (b).

    SEC. 691. STUDY ON COMMERCIAL COMMUNICATIONS SERVICES.

        (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
                (1) enhancing the ability of researchers to conduct and
            interact with experiments while in flight would make huge
            advancements in the overall profitability of conducting
            research on suborbit and low-Earth orbit payloads; and
                (2) current NASA communications do not allow for real-time
            data collection, observation, or transmission of information.
        (b) Study.--The Administrator shall conduct a study on the
    feasibility, impact, and cost of using commercial communications
    programs services for suborbital flight programs and low-Earth orbit
    research.
        (c) Report.--Not later than 18 months after the date of the
    enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall submit to Congress and
    make publicly available a report that describes the results of the
    study conducted under subsection (b).
                                                            Calendar No. 58

    117th CONGRESS

      1st Session

                                    S. 1260

    _______________________________________________________________________

                                     A BILL

      To establish a new Directorate for Technology and Innovation in the
      National Science Foundation, to establish a regional technology hub
        program, to require a strategy and report on economic security,
      science, research, innovation, manufacturing, and job creation, to
      establish a critical supply chain resiliency program, and for other
                                   purposes.

    _______________________________________________________________________

                                  May 13, 2021

                           Reported with an amendment