117 HR 4847 IH: Foreign Political Influence Elimination Act of 2021
U.S. House of Representatives
2021-07-29
text/xml
EN
Pursuant to Title 17 Section 105 of the United States Code, this file is not subject to copyright protection and is in the public domain.
1.Short title; table of contents(a)This Act may be cited as the Foreign Political Influence Elimination Act of 2021
.(b)The table of contents of this Act is as follows:Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.Title I—Restrict Foreign and Dark Money in ElectionsSec. 101. Treatment of certain foreign-owned corporations and associations as foreign nationals for purposes of ban on campaign activity.Sec. 102. Prohibiting foreign-affiliated section 501(c)(4) organizations from making certain election-related disbursements.Sec. 103. Activities subject to ban.Sec. 104. Prohibiting acceptance of contributions from foreign agents.Sec. 105. Effective date.Title II—Reform of Foreign Agents Registration Act of 1938Sec. 201. Repealing exemption from registration under Foreign Agents Registration Act of 1938 for persons filing disclosure reports under Lobbying Disclosure Act of 1995.Sec. 202. Conditions for exemption for persons providing legal representation.Sec. 203. Filing and labeling of political propaganda.Sec. 204. Treatment of informational materials.Sec. 205. Promoting enforcement of registration requirements for foreign agents by authorizing Attorney General to issue civil investigative demands.Sec. 206. Foreign agents registration civil enforcement.Sec. 207. Authorizing imposition and collection of registration fees.Sec. 208. Establishment of FARA investigation and enforcement unit within Department of Justice.Sec. 209. Comprehensive strategy to improve enforcement and administration.Sec. 210. Analysis by Government Accountability Office.Sec. 211. Definition.Sec. 212. Effective date.<enum>I</enum><header>Restrict Foreign and Dark Money in Elections</header><section id="H6C585AFB72AB4BBB95EEBBD0400FF417"><enum>101.</enum><header>Treatment of certain foreign-owned corporations and associations as foreign nationals for purposes of ban on campaign activity</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section 319(b) of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/52/30121">52 U.S.C. 30121(b)</external-xref>) is amended to read as follows:</text><quoted-block style="OLC" id="H12E4EEF544C34D8795D905ACC22E871F" display-inline="no-display-inline"><subsection id="H68B720F67F4E4F7E8048568098CB9189"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Definition</header><paragraph id="H85A18BD4A1E14EFF975EFC66D2503E57"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In general</header><text>As used in this section, the term <term>foreign national</term> means—</text><subparagraph id="HBCC7A0B791D7498498F66128A4A4C868"><enum>(A)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">an individual who is not a citizen of the United States or a national of the United States, as defined in section 101(a)(22) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/8/1101">8 U.S.C. 1101(a)(22)</external-xref>), and who is not lawfully admitted for permanent residence, as defined by section 101(a)(20) of such Act (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/8/1101">8 U.S.C. 1101(a)(20)</external-xref>;</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H5FC2BAB4A9194808A1C2354B8376D886"><enum>(B)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">a person outside of the United States, unless it is established that such person is an individual who is a citizen of the United States, or that such person is not an individual and is organized under or created by the laws of the United States or of any State or other place subject to the jurisdiction of the United States and has its principal place of business within the United States;</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="HC932A4AAB5A04B3B88F42E956D6C7C3E"><enum>(C)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">a government of a foreign country or an official of the government of a foreign country, as defined in section 1(e) of the Foreign Agents Registration Act of 1938 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/22/611">22 U.S.C. 611(e)</external-xref>), a foreign political party, as defined in section 1(f) of such Act (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/22/611">22 U.S.C. 611(f)</external-xref>), or a corporation principally owned or controlled by the government of a foreign country or an official of the government of a foreign country, including a separate segregated fund of such a corporation under section 316;</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H205ADA0009464C95B711C88D1BCF98F8"><enum>(D)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">a corporation (other than a corporation described in subparagraph (C)), partnership, association, organization, or other combination of persons organized under the laws of or having its principal place of business in a foreign country, including a separate segregated fund of such a corporation under section 316;</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H7E2EF738D0B243C7BE42D0F3D1EA801D"><enum>(E)</enum><text>a corporation in which one or more foreign nationals described in subparagraph (C) holds, owns, controls, or otherwise has directly or indirectly acquired beneficial ownership of equity or voting shares in an aggregate amount equal to or greater than 5 percent of total equity or outstanding voting shares (as determined by excluding any equity or shares owned by a mutual fund), including a separate segregated fund of such a corporation under section 316; or</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H8EA4B60589D84202A2E7197CB37B436A"><enum>(F)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">a corporation in which one or more foreign nationals (other than those described in subparagraph (C)) holds, owns, controls, or otherwise has directly or indirectly acquired beneficial ownership of equity or voting shares in an aggregate amount equal to or greater than 20 percent of total equity or outstanding voting shares (as determined by excluding any equity or shares owned by a mutual fund), including a separate segregated fund of such a corporation.</text></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H4FAD6D763D174F348AD40057405C4D36"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Use of quarterly SEC reports</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">In the case of a corporation which is required to file quarterly reports with the Securities and Exchange Commission under section 13 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/15/78m">15 U.S.C. 78m</external-xref>), the determination as to whether a corporation is described in subparagraph (D), (E), or (F) shall be based on the most recent such report.</text></paragraph></subsection><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></section><section id="H9463E5F0C15946F0BE1EEEB1790DBE79"><enum>102.</enum><header>Prohibiting foreign-affiliated section <enum-in-header>501(c)(4)</enum-in-header> organizations from making certain election-related disbursements</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Title III of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/52/30101">52 U.S.C. 30101 et seq.</external-xref>) is amended by adding at the end the following new section:</text><quoted-block style="OLC" id="HCA0156257FDB41C8880DCAB4ABFF8146" display-inline="no-display-inline"><section id="HAA10933C3F36417E87108A82D20F50DF"><enum>325.</enum><header>Prohibition on certain election-related disbursements by foreign-affiliated section <enum-in-header>501(c)(4)</enum-in-header> organizations</header><subsection id="HA78D598F42DD4A18B61AD40D19EA0184"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Prohibition</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">It is unlawful for a foreign-affiliated section 501(c)(4) organization to make an election-related disbursement described in subsection (b).</text></subsection><subsection id="H4BD1C3027F83403E9FBCDC22322968CB"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Election-Related disbursement described</header><text>An election-related disbursement described in this subsection is any of the following:</text><paragraph id="HF7B4A9BFF5BB4FDE9813A8A8368CB59B"><enum>(1)</enum><text>A contribution to a super PAC.</text></paragraph><paragraph id="HE6AD35A804784A7EA0F39CF54F03C27F"><enum>(2)</enum><text>An independent expenditure.</text></paragraph><paragraph id="H7FFF6CA70C334D28AA83B46080C343CC"><enum>(3)</enum><text>The disbursement of funds for the dissemination of an electioneering communication.</text></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H6A55AE576380498BACA149E2FC9197D1"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Definition of foreign-Affiliated section <enum-in-header>501(c)(4)</enum-in-header> organization</header><text>In this section, a <quote>foreign-affiliated section 501(c)(4) organization</quote> is a section 501(c)(4) organization with respect to which—</text><paragraph id="H1F5281260C794552A176F38A9033FAB1"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the amount of contributions provided to the organization by foreign nationals described in subparagraph (C) of section 319(b)(1) was equal to or greater than 5 percent of the gross receipts of the organization, as determined on the basis of the most recent taxable year for which information on the gross receipts of the organization is available or, in the case of an organization which is required to file quarterly reports with the Securities and Exchange Commission under section 13 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/15/78m">15 U.S.C. 78m</external-xref>), the most recent such report, or</text></paragraph><paragraph id="H9D6BBD3FEDD54523958A21503F5EE31D"><enum>(2)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the amount of contributions provided to the organization by all foreign nationals described in section 319(b) was equal to or greater than 20 percent of the gross receipts of the organization, as determined on the basis of the most recent taxable year for which information on the gross receipts of the organization is available or, in the case of an organization which is required to file quarterly reports with the Securities and Exchange Commission under section 13 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/15/78m">15 U.S.C. 78m</external-xref>), the most recent such report.</text></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H3E90C6573E4C409AB0D6159D79DAC6E9"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Other definitions</header><text>In this section—</text><paragraph id="HDFB9B939BFCF4E96890F2920A2AA651A"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the term <term>electioneering communication</term> has the meaning given such term in section 304(f)(3);</text></paragraph><paragraph id="H9E92A55178854798A5B3FE5F67102656"><enum>(2)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the term <term>section 501(c)(4) organization</term> means an organization described in <external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/26/501">section 501(c)(4)</external-xref> of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 and exempt from taxation under section 501(a) of such Code; and</text></paragraph><paragraph id="H06363E869B4244EBAEAF7D67822292A3"><enum>(3)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">term <quote>super PAC</quote> means a political committee which accepts donations or contributions that do not comply with the limitations and prohibitions of this Act (or has an account which is established for the purpose of accepting such donations or contributions) and which makes only independent expenditures (or has an account which is established for the purpose of making only independent expenditures).</text></paragraph></subsection></section><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></section><section id="H761A2404B00B41D6A9C1DF97200D5DE7"><enum>103.</enum><header>Activities subject to ban</header><subsection id="H85CEFAAC000641A589F599A1F185E519"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Contributions and donations in connection with ballot initiatives and referenda</header><text>Section 319(a)(1)(A) of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/52/30121">52 U.S.C. 30121(a)(1)(A)</external-xref>) is amended by striking <quote>election;</quote> and inserting the following: <quote>election, including a State or local ballot initiative or referendum;</quote>.</text></subsection><subsection id="H6E07FBFAC6C844C59CADBB8EA76A0508"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Coverage of certain election-Related activities</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Section 319 of such Act (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/52/30121">52 U.S.C. 30121</external-xref>) is amended by adding at the end the following new subsection:</text><quoted-block act-name="Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971" id="H7FC2ED48CEFD410991EAA95060860729" style="OLC"><subsection id="H7A5DFDC4A6B5448C98630CEA57220093"><enum>(c)</enum><text>A foreign national shall not direct, dictate, control, or directly or indirectly participate in the decisionmaking process of any person with regard to such person’s Federal or non-Federal election-related activities, such as decisions concerning the making of contributions or expenditures in connection with elections for any local, State, or Federal office or decisions concerning the administration of a political committee.</text></subsection><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></subsection></section><section id="HB935800F19C74ECC90CF88EC0F905FAE"><enum>104.</enum><header>Prohibiting acceptance of contributions from foreign agents</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section 315 of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/52/30116">52 U.S.C. 30116</external-xref>) is amended by adding at the end the following new subsection:</text><quoted-block style="OLC" id="H7492C3DCF0574E6B8BAE9F3A379B846F" display-inline="no-display-inline"><subsection id="H7EF3A6DF1DFA4E27B384150D5A80E185"><enum>(k)</enum><header>Prohibiting acceptance of contributions from foreign agents</header><paragraph id="H4D7D7F6063CA41449EFC63937E99D82B"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Direct contributions</header><text>A political committee may not accept any contribution from an individual who, at the time the date the individual makes the contribution, is registered as the agent of a foreign principal under the Foreign Agents Registration Act of 1938 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/22/611">22 U.S.C. 611 et seq.</external-xref>).</text></paragraph><paragraph id="H4F1E9C44A926476B9BF52D26F6DB8B16"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Bundled contributions</header><subparagraph id="H756E5BB13BDF41DCA6E7D69859086C0B"><enum>(A)</enum><header>Prohibition</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">A political committee may not accept any bundled contribution which is provided by an individual who, at the time the individual provides the bundled contribution, is registered as the agent of a foreign principal under the Foreign Agents Registration Act of 1938 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/22/611">22 U.S.C. 611 et seq.</external-xref>).</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H6FA5EC0F641B46D4AFDDC628DCC21D9A"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Definition</header><text>In this paragraph, the term <term>bundled contribution</term> means, with respect to an individual described in subparagraph (A), a contribution which is—</text><clause id="H843F9E5970E647D08B5469A708ABC5A6"><enum>(i)</enum><text>forwarded from the contributor or contributors to the committee by the individual; or</text></clause><clause id="HFE8C589CC1AE418C902DA0842E4A0BD2"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>received by the committee from a contributor or contributors, but credited by the committee or candidate involved (or, in the case of a leadership PAC described in subparagraph (B) of subsection (j)(8), by the individual referred to in such subparagraph) to the individual through records, designations, or other means of recognizing that a certain amount of money has been raised by the individual.</text></clause></subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></section><section id="H11922590C1014D7182D930F32EA0D6CA"><enum>105.</enum><header>Effective date</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">The amendments made by this title shall apply with respect to elections occurring after January 2021.</text></section><enum>II</enum><header>Reform of Foreign Agents Registration Act of 1938</header><section id="H30C0F72792FF4E5BBBAAF7CBD236A7B2"><enum>201.</enum><header>Repealing exemption from registration under Foreign Agents Registration Act of 1938 for persons filing disclosure reports under Lobbying Disclosure Act of 1995</header><subsection id="HA153B7BFB5CA4E5BAEA7BDCEDE34F980"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Repeal of exemption</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Section 3 of the Foreign Agents Registration Act of 1938 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/22/613">22 U.S.C. 613</external-xref>) is amended by striking subsection (h).</text></subsection><subsection id="H938C1610E4C841BAA24284476C9B34D1"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Timing of filing of registration statements</header><text>Section 2 of the Foreign Agents Registration Act of 1938 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/22/612">22 U.S.C. 612</external-xref>) is amended—</text><paragraph id="HBFA366EED6944452B237D227CEF058B7"><enum>(1)</enum><text>in subsection (a), in the matter preceding paragraph (1), in the fourth sentence, by striking <quote>The registration statement shall include</quote> and inserting <quote>Except as provided in subsection (h), the registration statement shall include</quote>; and</text></paragraph><paragraph id="HA5843776F2674107A49C6C8014F2B4E7"><enum>(2)</enum><text>by adding at the end the following:</text><quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HB67D316898BA4982BFFA27907A54E1C2" style="OLC"><subsection id="H17B56BE888A243D398E7E8D69356557F"><enum>(h)</enum><header>Timing for filing of statements by persons registered under Lobbying Disclosure Act of 1995</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">In the case of an agent of a person described in section 1(b)(2) or an entity described in section 1(b)(3) who has registered under the Lobbying Disclosure Act of 1995 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/2/1601">2 U.S.C. 1601 et seq.</external-xref>), after the agent files the first registration required under subsection (a) in connection with the agent’s representation of such person or entity, the agent shall file all subsequent statements required under this section at the same time, and in the same frequency, as the reports filed with the Clerk of the House of Representatives or the Secretary of the Senate (as the case may be) under section 5 of the Lobbying Disclosure Act of 1995 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/2/1604">2 U.S.C. 1604</external-xref>) in connection with the agent’s representation of such person or entity.</text></subsection><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H6F12551CF8D349568591045FE10ACB42"><enum>202.</enum><header>Conditions for exemption for persons providing legal representation</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section 3(g) of the Foreign Agents Registration Act of 1938 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/22/613">22 U.S.C. 613(g)</external-xref>) is amended by adding at the end the following: <quote>A person may be exempt under this subsection only if the person files with the Attorney General a request for such exemption and the Attorney General approves the request.</quote>.</text></section><section id="H39E5FBFE2FD1430CB3A587B709454B12"><enum>203.</enum><header>Filing and labeling of political propaganda</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section 4(a) of the Foreign Agents Registration Act of 1938 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/22/614">22 U.S.C. 614(a)</external-xref>) is amended—</text><paragraph id="H82DD25A8EF1644459F861B69CB4DD9BA"><enum>(1)</enum><text>by striking <quote>or circulated among two or more persons</quote> and inserting <quote>to any other person</quote>; and</text></paragraph><paragraph id="H9C03BFE8A8234AC5B63BF7BDA2E84F60"><enum>(2)</enum><text>by striking the period at the end and inserting the following: <quote>, together with the name of each original recipient of the materials and the date on which the materials were transmitted.</quote>. </text></paragraph></section><section id="HC28C7662EA9A406E85B10FA0F9477824"><enum>204.</enum><header>Treatment of informational materials</header><subsection id="H7D2654236D6C45D19EED6ED3F78214E9"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Definition</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Section 1 of the Foreign Agents Registration Act of 1938 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/22/611">22 U.S.C. 611</external-xref>) is amended—</text><paragraph id="HF3B4981357204CF9827F3DEADBBF6079"><enum>(1)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">in subsection (c), in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by striking <quote>Expect</quote> and inserting <quote>Except</quote>; and</text></paragraph><paragraph id="H331B19D87BF644F789B4EC09CD96AE4E"><enum>(2)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">by inserting after subsection (i) the following:</text><quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H1601FCF7712D43189BBE0E3E835F5687" style="OLC"><subsection id="H8982701049B147B392C4AB7B3C65F8BB"><enum>(j)</enum><text>The term <term>informational materials</term> means any oral, visual, graphic, written, or pictorial information or matter of any kind, including matter published by means of advertising, books, periodicals, newspapers, lectures, broadcasts, motion pictures, social media, or any means or instrumentality of interstate or foreign commerce or otherwise.</text></subsection><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HF0E0E77C5B6A476188A19A6E0692444F"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Conforming amendment relating to filing of informational materials with Attorney General</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Section 4(a) of such Act (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/22/614">22 U.S.C. 614(a)</external-xref>) is amended by striking <quote>or foreign commerce</quote> and inserting <quote>or foreign commerce, including electronic mail and social media,</quote>.</text></subsection><subsection id="H222D238B831E48A6A0CA51EA9A4E69B9"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Waiver of filing requirement for unrelated materials</header><text>Section 4(a) of such Act (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/22/614">22 U.S.C. 614(a)</external-xref>) is amended—</text><paragraph id="H2484F14ECFD84EF1AE32AECDA258D506"><enum>(1)</enum><text>by striking <quote>Every person</quote> and inserting <quote>(1) Every person</quote>; and</text></paragraph><paragraph id="HF720FC24DCB947CF8F72BDE1D46FCB4B"><enum>(2)</enum><text>by adding at the end the following new paragraph:</text><quoted-block style="traditional" id="HCEAA950E9D2C443F86FB94110F222657" display-inline="no-display-inline"><paragraph id="id553F0410BAD04310908E639CB906661D" indent="up1"><enum>(2)</enum><text>Paragraph (1) does not apply with respect to any informational material which is disseminated by an agent of a foreign principal as part of an activity that is exempt from registration under this Act, or as part of an activity which by itself would not require registration under this Act.</text></paragraph><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H8CB9F476AD074C5EAC7F8045627FBCF1"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Method and form of disclaimer for materials posted online; preservation of disclaimers by certain social media platforms</header><text>Section 4(b) of such Act (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/22/614">22 U.S.C. 614(b)</external-xref>) is amended—</text><paragraph id="H5E688B128E0345A28BEC25B6198A56AC"><enum>(1)</enum><text>by striking <quote>(b) It shall be unlawful</quote> and inserting <quote>(b)(1) It shall be unlawful</quote>; and</text></paragraph><paragraph id="HBF45CB8015AF444EB6CE494FB9E1F546"><enum>(2)</enum><text>by adding at the end the following new paragraph:</text><quoted-block style="traditional" id="H624BB08D316540869A0B43080E486B04" display-inline="no-display-inline"><paragraph id="H5D4106A6A7124E38AB6EF9F1AAAFA723" indent="up1"><enum>(2)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">In the case of informational materials for or in the interests of a foreign principal which are transmitted or caused to be transmitted by an agent of a foreign principal by posting on an online platform, the agent shall ensure that the conspicuous statement required to be placed in such materials under this subsection is placed directly with the material posted on the platform and is not accessible only through a hyperlink or other reference to another source.</text></paragraph><paragraph id="H1128E97234BD4F61BFFCD0F5FCCF97AC" indent="up1"><enum>(3)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">If the Attorney General determines that the application of paragraph (2) to materials posted on an online platform is not feasible because the length of the conspicuous statement required to be placed in materials under this subsection makes the inclusion of the entire statement incompatible with the posting of the materials on that platform, an agent may meet the requirements of paragraph (2) by ensuring that an abbreviated version of the statement, stating that the materials are distributed by a foreign agent on behalf of a clearly identified foreign principal, is placed directly with the material posted on the platform.</text></paragraph><paragraph id="H5712B60BDBFC4E39B641912F7A48EE65" indent="up1"><enum>(4)</enum><text>An online platform on which informational materials described in paragraph (2) are posted shall ensure that the conspicuous statement described in such paragraph (or, if applicable, the abbreviated statement described in paragraph (3)) is maintained with such materials at all times, including after the material is shared in a social media post on the platform, but only if the platform has 50,000,000 or more unique monthly United States visitors or users for a majority of months during the 12 months preceding the dissemination of the materials.</text></paragraph><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></paragraph></subsection></section><section id="H29F263F77C324CEA9EA12EFF78C886B6"><enum>205.</enum><header>Promoting enforcement of registration requirements for foreign agents by authorizing Attorney General to issue civil investigative demands</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">The Foreign Agents Registration Act of 1938 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/22/611">22 U.S.C. 611 et seq.</external-xref>) is amended by redesignating sections 12 through 14 as sections 13 through 15 and by inserting after section 11 the following new section:</text><quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H8D767E3268CD48D9AA39C99C454EB668" style="OLC"><section display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H22A5E252902A49BF88F5D84CF7349704"><enum>12.</enum><header>Civil investigative demands</header><subsection display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HC4F5569C108345C8AE2478A55A0C4D53"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Authority of Attorney General</header><paragraph id="HA489439A55DC4A33BEB9A2F15690DB7D"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Authority described</header><text>Whenever the Attorney General or the Attorney General’s designee has reason to believe that any person may be in possession, custody, or control of any documentary material, or may have any information, relevant to an investigation under this Act, the Attorney General or designee may, prior to the institution of a civil or criminal proceeding by the United States thereon, issue in writing, and cause to be served upon such person, a civil investigative demand requiring such person to produce such documentary material for inspection and copying or reproduction, to answer in writing written interrogatories with respect to such documentary material or information, to give oral testimony concerning such documentary material or information, or to furnish any combination of such material, answers, or testimony. Whenever a civil investigative demand is an express demand for any product of discovery, the Attorney General or designee shall cause to be served, in any manner authorized by this section, a copy of such demand upon the person from whom the discovery was obtained and notify the person to whom such demand is issued of the date on which such copy was served.</text></paragraph><paragraph id="H4EEB912A3F934F5196C62DF857513CF6"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Limiting individuals who may serve as designees</header><text>The Attorney General may not designate any individual other than the Assistant Attorney General for National Security or a Deputy Attorney General to carry out the authority provided under this section.</text></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H8B91CB88D5B8410D82730827DBF1E3ED"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Contents and deadlines</header><paragraph id="H03CBBC667CF044C98A7B873C1B06D26E"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In general</header><text>Each demand issued under subsection (a) shall—</text><subparagraph id="HC3E63C3FBA2B4F3BA8E1C4599D06259B"><enum>(A)</enum><text>state the nature of the conduct constituting the alleged violation of this Act which is under investigation and the provision of this Act alleged to be violated;</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H36873E2E83624892BE6882AE433F3617"><enum>(B)</enum><text>if such demand is for the production of documentary material—</text><clause id="H72CC376DED984E2A9CA713B6E8610B7E"><enum>(i)</enum><text>describe each class of documentary material to be produced with such definiteness and certainty as to permit such material to be fairly identified;</text></clause><clause id="H92A78F74137A4F4DA9CF0986C619C7BF"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>prescribe a return date for each such class which will provide a reasonable period of time within which the material so demanded may be assembled and made available for inspection and copying or reproduction; and</text></clause><clause id="HE6CB14F9F15243A4B887DE6FE18DBD9E"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>identify the custodian to whom such material shall be made available;</text></clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="HE2FE70378C49496BB4075E29714ADD01"><enum>(C)</enum><text>if such demand is for answers to written interrogatories—</text><clause id="HEC294D8FE0774D60A61145B3FADB644A"><enum>(i)</enum><text>set forth with specificity the written interrogatories to be answered;</text></clause><clause id="HDB720CC0112F409BB448BA4FEB6DAB2A"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>prescribe dates at which time answers to written interrogatories shall be submitted; and</text></clause><clause id="HB326D6F4036846E8B9397C5F71CF4BD9"><enum>(iii)</enum><text>identify the custodian to whom such answers shall be submitted; and</text></clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H2B2BAF3D374A449282CE66E7638E339B"><enum>(D)</enum><text>if such demand is for the giving of oral testimony—</text><clause id="HC0D0744D8B0E44ABAEF7D98B0893142D"><enum>(i)</enum><text>prescribe a date, time, and place at which oral testimony shall be commenced;</text></clause><clause id="H704488554B0947DE83C6C789D84A834B"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>identify an investigator who shall conduct the examination and the custodian to whom the transcript of such examination shall be submitted;</text></clause><clause id="H1B7C8FCAA4364C9A980E4DC0E75B2FD1"><enum>(iii)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">specify that such attendance and testimony are necessary to the conduct of the investigation;</text></clause><clause id="H1A4EF7E87C684520B5DCDAA6DBAAC85D"><enum>(iv)</enum><text>notify the person receiving the demand of the right to be accompanied by an attorney and any other representative; and</text></clause><clause id="HE7717E02240F4518B4B171E1F14DF494"><enum>(v)</enum><text>describe the general purpose for which the demand is being issued and the general nature of the testimony, including the primary areas of inquiry, which will be taken pursuant to the demand.</text></clause></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HC55846AA24614617815872506F924030"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Product of discovery</header><text>Any civil investigative demand issued under this section which is an express demand for any product of discovery shall not be returned or returnable until 20 days after a copy of such demand has been served upon the person from whom the discovery was obtained.</text></paragraph><paragraph id="HF846FC88671B4542819A34CDA150D1C7"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Date</header><text>The date prescribed for the commencement of oral testimony pursuant to a civil investigative demand issued under subsection (a) shall be a date which is not less than 7 days after the date on which demand is received, unless the Attorney General or the Attorney General’s designee determines that exceptional circumstances are present which warrant the commencement of such testimony within a lesser period of time.</text></paragraph><paragraph id="H4B9D36536D1848AF973DB8063EB8181A"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Notification</header><text>The Attorney General shall not authorize the issuance under this section of more than one civil investigative demand for oral testimony by the same person unless the person requests otherwise or unless the Attorney General, after investigation, notifies that person in writing that an additional demand for oral testimony is necessary.</text></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H15C6FE6ABFD94CB98B47B404844DBB85"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Protected material or information</header><paragraph display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H84978F86316E4613974124EF545C551E"><enum>(1)</enum><header>In general</header><text>A civil investigative demand issued under subsection (a) may not require the production of any documentary material, the submission of any answers to written interrogatories, or the giving of any oral testimony if such material, answers, or testimony would be protected from disclosure under—</text><subparagraph id="HD1A52D99815F43EBA49CBB667CA6F2C3"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the standards applicable to subpoenas or subpoenas duces tecum issued by a court of the United States in aid of a grand jury investigation; or</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="HF6804ABAFB4646A299E5C26BE65A24EF"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the standards applicable to discovery requests under the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, to the extent that the application of such standards to any such demand is appropriate and consistent with the provisions and purposes of this Act.</text></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H2BCE533492E04E10B3278E1ADE9CC587"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Effect on other orders, rules, and laws</header><text>Any such demand which is an express demand for any product of discovery supersedes any inconsistent order, rule, or provision of law (other than this Act) preventing or restraining disclosure of such product of discovery to any person. Disclosure of any product of discovery pursuant to any such express demand does not constitute a waiver of any right or privilege, including without limitation any right or privilege which may be invoked to resist discovery of trial preparation materials, to which the person making such disclosure may be entitled.</text></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H04AD420D2C1F4882A3A6782278209B5C"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Service; jurisdiction</header><paragraph display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H04888337DA1F4282B1F820918B1A488F"><enum>(1)</enum><header>By whom served</header><text>Any civil investigative demand issued under subsection (a) may be served by an appropriate investigator, or by a United States marshal or deputy marshal, at any place within the territorial jurisdiction of any court of the United States.</text></paragraph><paragraph id="HF117E525EA3748F189EFE984BECC1A8D"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Service in foreign nations</header><text>Any such demand or petition filed under subsection (k) may be served upon any person who is not to be found within the territorial jurisdiction of any court of the United States, in such manner as the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure prescribe for service in a foreign country. To the extent that the courts of the United States can assert jurisdiction over any such person consistent with due process, the United States District Court for the District of Columbia shall have the same jurisdiction to take any action respecting compliance with this Act by any such person that such court would have if such person were personally within the jurisdiction of such court.</text></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H1C286DEF37544F749C27EEC5972FC582"><enum>(e)</enum><header>Service upon legal entities and natural persons</header><paragraph display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H78B8F3FB06EB44BF8779E5990C23B368"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Legal entities</header><text>Service of any civil investigative demand issued under subsection (a) or of any petition filed under subsection (k) may be made upon a partnership, corporation, association, or other legal entity by—</text><subparagraph id="H36B7C7A4895F4F3B9BDEF441424CE189"><enum>(A)</enum><text>delivering a duly executed copy of such demand or petition to any partner, executive officer, managing agent, or general agent of the partnership, corporation, association, or entity, or to any agent thereof authorized by appointment or by law to receive service of process on behalf of such partnership, corporation, association, or entity;</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="HC3B00845ABA0440DAA49B76FF8CAE1D9"><enum>(B)</enum><text>delivering a duly executed copy of such demand or petition to the principal office or place of business of the partnership, corporation, association, or entity to be served; or</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H6B9DF19F59F04E81B1CA96FBC407BAA4"><enum>(C)</enum><text>depositing an executed copy of such demand or petition in the United States mails by registered or certified mail, with a return receipt requested, duly addressed to such partnership, corporation, association, or entity at its principal office or place of business.</text></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H0B82A390F279402487BF3487D3980637"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Natural persons</header><text>Service of any such demand or petition may be made upon any natural person by—</text><subparagraph id="H81DC4B9812F24577B8E644E38AE5A637"><enum>(A)</enum><text>delivering a duly executed copy of such demand or petition to the person to be served; or</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H498BD947AD7940CAA17A70AD2BD786A2"><enum>(B)</enum><text>depositing an executed copy of such demand or petition in the United States mails by registered or certified mail, with a return receipt requested, duly addressed to such person at the person's residence or principal office or place of business.</text></subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H37FE6DEA3ED5454396135D1B23DFBBDD"><enum>(f)</enum><header>Proof of service</header><text>A verified return by the individual serving any civil investigative demand under subsection (a) or any petition filed under subsection (k) setting forth the manner of such service shall be proof of such service. In the case of service by registered or certified mail, such return shall be accompanied by the return post office receipt of delivery of such demand.</text></subsection><subsection id="H90F59E8D3AEA4360807D37D0B8A6F1F6"><enum>(g)</enum><header>Documentary material</header><paragraph id="HB102D7E229844BD0B41D233315BCD864"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Sworn certificates</header><text>The production of documentary material in response to a civil investigative demand served pursuant to this section shall be made under a sworn certificate, in such form as the demand designates, by—</text><subparagraph id="HF3A28047E46A4736B295A6821D2596CC"><enum>(A)</enum><text>in the case of a natural person, the person to whom the demand is directed; or</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H03D6C2808088471E839B07E91067FF64"><enum>(B)</enum><text>in the case of a person other than a natural person, a person having knowledge of the facts and circumstances relating to such production and authorized to act on behalf of such person,</text></subparagraph><continuation-text continuation-text-level="paragraph">to the effect that all of the documentary material required by the demand and in the possession, custody, or control of the person to whom the demand is directed has been produced and made available to the custodian. </continuation-text></paragraph><paragraph id="HAB73AA394546466D96DA9DEF04A1F877"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Production of materials</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Any person upon whom any civil investigative demand for the production of documentary material has been served under this section shall make such material available for inspection and copying to the investigator identified in such demand at the principal place of business of such person, or at such other place as the investigator and the person thereafter may agree and prescribe in writing, or as the court may direct under subsection (k)(1). Such material shall be made so available on the return date specified in such demand, or on such later date as the investigator may prescribe in writing. Such person may, upon written agreement between the person and the investigator, substitute copies for originals of all or any part of such material.</text></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H4C830E16DDEB41AC95DA1D966329606F"><enum>(h)</enum><header>Interrogatories</header><paragraph id="H8BC6E9A19042455E8225802771544059"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Answers</header><text>Each interrogatory in a civil investigative demand served pursuant to this section shall be answered separately and fully in writing under oath, and it shall be submitted under a sworn certificate, in such form as the demand designates, by—</text><subparagraph id="H741D738244774F7698C16DB5B5EF6DF4"><enum>(A)</enum><text>in the case of a natural person, the person to whom the demand is directed; or</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H061C090978244DFE8F8FF768B77C3358"><enum>(B)</enum><text>in the case of a person other than a natural person, the person or persons responsible for answering each interrogatory.</text></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H1D24EF85EF0A4D288F4804DC4D3E925E"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Contents of certificates</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The certificate submitted under paragraph (1) shall state that all information required by the demand and in the possession, custody, control, or knowledge of the person to whom the demand is directed has been submitted. To the extent that any information is not furnished, the information shall be identified and reasons set forth with particularity regarding the reasons why the information was not furnished.</text></paragraph><paragraph id="HE9595B23D4A4444296DCB6D7F24DB18E"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Objections</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">If any interrogatory is objected to, the reasons for the objection shall be stated in the certificate instead of an answer.</text></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HF03E14BBDD54424BBF6E5A9C11922E5A"><enum>(i)</enum><header>Oral examinations</header><paragraph display-inline="no-display-inline" id="H1B50C4B554474A0DBE5BD4801C64E249"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Procedures</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The examination of any person pursuant to a civil investigative demand for oral testimony served under this section shall be taken before an officer authorized to administer oaths and affirmations by the laws of the United States or of the place where the examination is held. The officer before whom the testimony is to be taken shall put the witness on oath or affirmation and shall personally, or by someone acting under the direction of the officer and in the officer's presence, record the testimony of the witness. The testimony shall be taken stenographically and transcribed. When the testimony is fully transcribed, the officer before whom the testimony is taken shall promptly transmit a copy of the transcript of the testimony to the custodian. This subsection shall not preclude the taking of testimony by any means authorized by, and in a manner consistent with, the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure.</text></paragraph><paragraph id="HE6EF8B3DC0F34DA39446DD8E8B7C1716"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Persons present</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The investigator conducting the examination shall exclude from the place where the examination is held all persons except the person giving the testimony, the attorney for and any other representative of the person giving the testimony, the attorney for the Government, any person who may be agreed upon by the attorney for the Government and the person giving the testimony, the officer before whom the testimony is to be taken, and any stenographer taking such testimony.</text></paragraph><paragraph id="H704D27E2F1A74686BA71C209D75D4ADA"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Where testimony taken</header><text>The oral testimony of any person taken pursuant to a civil investigative demand served under this section shall be taken in the judicial district of the United States within which such person resides, is found, or transacts business, or in such other place as may be agreed upon by the investigator conducting the examination and such person.</text></paragraph><paragraph id="HC9BFFECE22304A42BF444C64FC516535"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Transcript of testimony</header><text>When the testimony is fully transcribed, the investigator or the officer before whom the testimony is taken shall afford the witness (who may be accompanied by counsel) a reasonable opportunity to examine and read the transcript, unless such examination and reading are waived by the witness. Any changes in form or substance which the witness desires to make shall be entered and identified upon the transcript by the officer or the investigator with a statement of the reasons given by the witness for making such changes. The transcript shall then be signed by the witness, unless the witness in writing waives the signing, is ill, cannot be found, or refuses to sign. If the transcript is not signed by the witness within 30 days after being afforded a reasonable opportunity to examine it, the officer or the investigator shall sign it and state on the record the fact of the waiver, illness, absence of the witness, or the refusal to sign, together with the reason, if any, given therefor.</text></paragraph><paragraph id="H6EE9F97248434A9C8F01FAD5A09CE0BE"><enum>(5)</enum><header>Certification and delivery to custodian</header><text>The officer before whom the testimony is taken shall certify on the transcript that the witness was duly sworn by the officer and that the transcript is a true record of the testimony given by the witness, and the officer or investigator shall promptly deliver it or send it by registered or certified mail to the custodian.</text></paragraph><paragraph id="HD62952A8E3644FC59732D058ED97C6DC"><enum>(6)</enum><header>Furnishing or inspection of transcript by witness</header><text>Upon payment of reasonable charges therefor, the investigator shall furnish a copy of the transcript to the witness only, except that the Attorney General, or the Attorney General's designee in accordance with this Act, may for good cause limit such witness to inspection of the official transcript of the witness’s testimony.</text></paragraph><paragraph id="H0D8A6D539FA34D3EA5E219AC89C87970"><enum>(7)</enum><header>Conduct of oral testimony</header><subparagraph id="H1EB12D4ADA4B4210B50A91D62B36C551"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In general</header><text>Any person compelled to appear for oral testimony under a civil investigative demand issued under subsection (a) may be accompanied, represented, and advised by counsel. Counsel may advise such person, in confidence, with respect to any question asked of such person. Such person or counsel may object on the record to any question, in whole or in part, and shall briefly state for the record the reason for the objection. An objection may be made, received, and entered upon the record when it is claimed that such person is entitled to refuse to answer the question on the grounds of any constitutional or other legal right or privilege, including the privilege against self-incrimination. Such person may not otherwise object to or refuse to answer any question, and may not directly or through counsel otherwise interrupt the oral examination. If such person refuses to answer any question, a petition may be filed in the district court of the United States under subsection (k)(1) for an order compelling such person to answer such question.</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="HBFCA79D9B9A0482C96DFDD8706570A75"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Compelled testimony</header><text>If such person refuses to answer any question on the grounds of the privilege against self-incrimination, the testimony of such person may be compelled in accordance with the provisions of part V of title 18, United States Code.</text></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H50C93C4B762648A2A97404CAB862065B"><enum>(8)</enum><header>Witness fees and allowances</header><text>Any person appearing for oral testimony under a civil investigative demand issued under subsection (a) shall be entitled to the same fees and allowances which are paid to witnesses in the district courts of the United States.</text></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H2E19CA5FD7594AF4B0D961F0B4E81021"><enum>(j)</enum><header>Custodians of documents, answers, and transcripts</header><paragraph id="H4477DBC6E22240E8B2AA2050C8AAC932"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Designation</header><text>The Attorney General, or designee in accordance with this Act, shall designate an investigator to serve as custodian of documentary material, answers to interrogatories, and transcripts of oral testimony received under this section, and shall designate such additional investigators as the Attorney General determines from time to time to be necessary to serve as deputies of the custodian.</text></paragraph><paragraph id="H355E8F52E98B4ECAB00BF911581BE42E"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Responsibility for materials; disclosure</header><subparagraph id="HE94CFB57526C4B3BB713ECFBBDD23D8D"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In general</header><text>An investigator who receives any documentary material, answers to interrogatories, or transcripts of oral testimony under this section shall transmit them to the custodian. The custodian shall take physical possession of such material, answers, or transcripts and shall be responsible for the use made of them and for the return of documentary material under paragraph (4).</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="HC2184AF47C3546E89F7A276F67F8F3F7"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Preparation</header><text>The custodian may cause the preparation of such copies of such documentary material, answers to interrogatories, or transcripts of oral testimony as may be required for official use by any investigator, or other officer or employee of the Department of Justice. Such material, answers, and transcripts may be used by any such authorized investigator or other officer or employee in connection with the taking of oral testimony under this section.</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H5E5EDCE4F7E84FC9AD8A8DBF8F1AC25A"><enum>(C)</enum><header>No examination</header><text>Except as otherwise provided in this subsection, no documentary material, answers to interrogatories, or transcripts of oral testimony, or copies thereof, while in the possession of the custodian, shall be available for examination by any individual other than an investigator or other officer or employee of the Department of Justice authorized under subparagraph (B). The prohibition in the preceding sentence on the availability of material, answers, or transcripts shall not apply if consent is given by the person who produced such material, answers, or transcripts, or, in the case of any product of discovery produced pursuant to an express demand for such material, consent is given by the person from whom the discovery was obtained. Nothing in this subparagraph is intended to prevent disclosure to the Congress, including any committee or subcommittee of the Congress, or to any other agency of the United States for use by such agency in furtherance of its statutory responsibilities.</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H1B7E7A84F39C48D58CBE560CA25B233B"><enum>(D)</enum><header>Examination by certain persons</header><text>While in the possession of the custodian and under such reasonable terms and conditions as the Attorney General shall prescribe—</text><clause id="H7A1DDAF4B9264185A4F1045A7D36D3F0"><enum>(i)</enum><text>documentary material and answers to interrogatories shall be available for examination by the person who produced such material or answers, or by a representative of that person authorized by that person to examine such material and answers; and</text></clause><clause id="HE89312C02FCF40FDB68C2D5D95C178E6"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>transcripts of oral testimony shall be available for examination by the person who produced such testimony, or by a representative of that person authorized by that person to examine such transcripts.</text></clause></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HF063B724CAE2474E9B2A0BA409D7BC47"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Use of material, answers, or transcripts in other proceedings</header><text>Whenever any attorney of the Department of Justice has been designated to appear before any court, grand jury, or Federal agency in any case or proceeding, the custodian of any documentary material, answers to interrogatories, or transcripts of oral testimony received under this section may deliver to such attorney such material, answers, or transcripts for official use in connection with any such case or proceeding as such attorney determines to be required. Upon the completion of any such case or proceeding, such attorney shall return to the custodian any such material, answers, or transcripts so delivered which have not passed into the control of such court, grand jury, or agency through the introduction thereof into the record of such case or proceeding.</text></paragraph><paragraph id="H1FD543CB9AC947429E61A0ED923F064D"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Conditions for return of material</header><text>If any documentary material has been produced by any person in the course of any investigation pursuant to a civil investigative demand under this section, and—</text><subparagraph id="HDF5CB3376C2448C9B6500DF9C50AAAB2"><enum>(A)</enum><text>any case or proceeding before the court or grand jury arising out of such investigation, or any proceeding before any Federal agency involving such material, has been completed; or</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H85282613B38C49BA92CB2D64B6261628"><enum>(B)</enum><text>no case or proceeding in which such material may be used has been commenced within a reasonable time after completion of the examination and analysis of all documentary material and other information assembled in the course of such investigation,</text></subparagraph><continuation-text continuation-text-level="paragraph">the custodian shall, upon written request of the person who produced such material, return to such person any such material (other than copies furnished to the investigator under subsection (g)(2) or made for the Department of Justice under paragraph (2)(B)) which has not passed into the control of any court, grand jury, or agency through introduction into the record of such case or proceeding. </continuation-text></paragraph><paragraph id="H0D93A93940154150A8DAC122C352F2EB"><enum>(5)</enum><header>Appointment of successor custodians</header><subparagraph id="HD8AE93E3BE0F49FDBE6C89555613C0C8"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In general</header><text>In the event of the death, disability, or separation from service in the Department of Justice of the custodian of any documentary material, answers to interrogatories, or transcripts of oral testimony produced pursuant to a civil investigative demand under this section, or in the event of the official relief of such custodian from responsibility for the custody and control of such material, answers, or transcripts, the Attorney General or the Attorney General’s designee in accordance with this Act shall promptly—</text><clause id="H9E08A9EE0B2540D3835ABF7D082C412A"><enum>(i)</enum><text>designate another investigator to serve as custodian of such material, answers, or transcripts; and</text></clause><clause id="HB1A2B75A16334B77BB84067341DEACBA"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>transmit in writing to the person who produced such material, answers, or testimony notice of the identity and address of the successor so designated.</text></clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H370F8DA1145D4DAEADA11D24DB20F2E2"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Successor</header><text>Any person who is designated to be a successor under this paragraph shall have, with regard to such material, answers, or transcripts, the same duties and responsibilities as were imposed by this section upon that person’s predecessor in office, except that the successor shall not be held responsible for any default or dereliction which occurred before that designation.</text></subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H25C0E85E745A45A096483A1F32A7AF25"><enum>(k)</enum><header>Judicial proceedings</header><paragraph id="HBB346B3211DD4DB98FEC5C0D7FF48D77"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Petition for enforcement</header><text>Whenever any person fails to comply with any civil investigative demand issued under subsection (a), or whenever satisfactory copying or reproduction of any material requested in such demand cannot be done and such person refuses to surrender such material, the Attorney General may file, in the district court of the United States for any judicial district in which such person resides, is found, or transacts business, and serve upon such person a petition for an order of such court for the enforcement of the civil investigative demand.</text></paragraph><paragraph id="HF416FD88187A4D60BE086A49073467F1"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Petition to modify or set aside demand</header><subparagraph id="HBD928736F9254264A2A7AF7132643BA0"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In general</header><text>Any person who has received a civil investigative demand issued under subsection (a) may file, in the district court of the United States for the judicial district within which such person resides, is found, or transacts business, and serve upon the investigator identified in such demand a petition for an order of the court to modify or set aside such demand. In the case of a petition addressed to an express demand for any product of discovery, a petition to modify or set aside such demand may be brought only in the district court of the United States for the judicial district in which the proceeding in which such discovery was obtained is or was last pending. Any petition under this subparagraph must be filed—</text><clause id="H02361DDFFD174BEBADDA8E0446B8FCFC"><enum>(i)</enum><text>within 20 days after the date of service of the civil investigative demand, or at any time before the return date specified in the demand, whichever date is earlier; or</text></clause><clause id="H8693EB35369C42A5AEB372A2DCBC3DDF"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>within such longer period as may be prescribed in writing by any investigator identified in the demand.</text></clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="HEF8E884C5CD34B63B391077DAD7FA58E"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Grounds for relief</header><text>The petition shall specify each ground upon which the petitioner relies in seeking relief under subparagraph (A), and may be based upon any failure of the demand to comply with the provisions of this section or upon any constitutional or other legal right or privilege of such person. During the pendency of the petition in the court, the court may stay, as it deems proper, the running of the time allowed for compliance with the demand, in whole or in part, except that the person filing the petition shall comply with any portions of the demand not sought to be modified or set aside.</text></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H6DDE07450D5749C3BDEBFC87727B9669"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Petition to modify or set aside demand for product of discovery</header><subparagraph id="HB234D65703364A1BA29B100AA3B6A59F"><enum>(A)</enum><header>In general</header><text>In the case of any civil investigative demand issued under subsection (a) which is an express demand for any product of discovery, the person from whom such discovery was obtained may file, in the district court of the United States for the judicial district in which the proceeding in which such discovery was obtained is or was last pending, and serve upon any investigator identified in the demand and upon the recipient of the demand, a petition for an order of such court to modify or set aside those portions of the demand requiring production of any such product of discovery. Any petition under this subparagraph must be filed—</text><clause id="HF012383043E04877AF50D35BD6CC1B63"><enum>(i)</enum><text>within 20 days after the date of service of the civil investigative demand, or at any time before the return date specified in the demand, whichever date is earlier; or</text></clause><clause id="HBE641B9AB4E6421B887A16FF1F95BB5F"><enum>(ii)</enum><text>within such longer period as may be prescribed in writing by any investigator identified in the demand.</text></clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H2CF9CF00FC7E4F62B37417094FB71E25"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Grounds for relief</header><text>The petition shall specify each ground upon which the petitioner relies in seeking relief under subparagraph (A), and may be based upon any failure of the portions of the demand from which relief is sought to comply with the provisions of this section, or upon any constitutional or other legal right or privilege of the petitioner. During the pendency of the petition, the court may stay, as it deems proper, compliance with the demand and the running of the time allowed for compliance with the demand.</text></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H1377B8D55CDB4B33A9FD9DB0133DCAB9"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Petition to require performance by custodian of duties</header><text>At any time during which any custodian is in custody or control of any documentary material or answers to interrogatories produced, or transcripts of oral testimony given, by any person in compliance with any civil investigative demand issued under subsection (a), such person, and in the case of an express demand for any product of discovery, the person from whom such discovery was obtained, may file, in the district court of the United States for the judicial district within which the office of such custodian is situated, and serve upon such custodian, a petition for an order of such court to require the performance by the custodian of any duty imposed upon the custodian by this section.</text></paragraph><paragraph id="HF6C5358F709A45A098BB6409433264A7"><enum>(5)</enum><header>Jurisdiction</header><text>Whenever any petition is filed in any district court of the United States under this subsection, such court shall have jurisdiction to hear and determine the matter so presented, and to enter such order or orders as may be required to carry out the provisions of this section. Any final order so entered shall be subject to appeal under section 1291 of title 28, United States Code. Any disobedience of any final order entered under this section by any court shall be punished as a contempt of the court.</text></paragraph><paragraph id="HBB6812A4043049388A16B7F9BF41DF01"><enum>(6)</enum><header>Applicability of Federal Rules of Civil Procedure</header><text>The Federal Rules of Civil Procedure shall apply to any petition under this subsection, to the extent that such rules are not inconsistent with the provisions of this section.</text></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H6393A05200A54AFF9038BAABEA56A660"><enum>(l)</enum><header>Disclosure exemption</header><text>Any documentary material, answers to written interrogatories, or oral testimony provided under any civil investigative demand issued under subsection (a) shall be exempt from disclosure under section 552 of title 5, United States Code, as described in subsection (b)(3) of such section.</text></subsection><subsection id="H342242583CBB43929BB13303E87C0EEE"><enum>(m)</enum><header>Definitions</header><text>In this section—</text><paragraph id="H5CE49427694F40358C1B300B619041AE"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the term <term>custodian</term> means the custodian, or any deputy custodian, designated by the Attorney General under subsection (j)(1);</text></paragraph><paragraph id="H259A5F3C6BD84D61BA132232DFFE715B"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the term <term>documentary material</term> includes the original or any copy of any book, record, report, memorandum, paper, communication, tabulation, chart, or other document, or data compilations stored in or accessible through computer or other information retrieval systems, together with instructions and all other materials necessary to use or interpret such data compilations, and any product of discovery;</text></paragraph><paragraph id="H8673F7D8CD3F44D08EFAE9B26A96D4BE"><enum>(3)</enum><text>the term <term>investigation</term> means any inquiry conducted for the purpose of ascertaining whether any person is or has been engaged in any violation of this Act;</text></paragraph><paragraph id="H8E6CAEC8730F4FB2A9A44DADEC3283DD"><enum>(4)</enum><text>the term <term>investigator</term> means any attorney or investigator employed by the Department of Justice who is charged with the duty of enforcing or carrying into effect this Act, or any officer or employee of the United States acting under the direction and supervision of such attorney or investigator in connection with an investigation;</text></paragraph><paragraph id="HEEA1A7B05E734299AE6ADA6C0FF0F700"><enum>(5)</enum><text>the term <term>official use</term> means any use that is consistent with the law, and the regulations and policies of the Department of Justice, including use in connection with internal Department of Justice memoranda and reports; communications between the Department of Justice and a Federal, State, or local government agency, or a contractor of a Federal, State, or local government agency, undertaken in furtherance of a Department of Justice investigation or prosecution of a case; oral examinations; depositions; preparation for and response to civil discovery requests; introduction into the record of a case or proceeding; applications, motions, memoranda and briefs submitted to a court or other tribunal; and communications with Government investigators, auditors, consultants and experts, the counsel of other parties, arbitrators and mediators, concerning an investigation, case or proceeding; and</text></paragraph><paragraph id="HD1D49D536EA9476189E575836663EA4E"><enum>(6)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">the term <term>product of discovery</term> includes—</text><subparagraph id="HCB98FD468FF2461ABA22FD727D80B680"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the original or duplicate of any deposition, interrogatory, document, thing, result of the inspection of land or other property, examination, or admission, which is obtained by any method of discovery in any judicial or administrative proceeding of an adversarial nature;</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="HD26659222F974641840095849D22EAA9"><enum>(B)</enum><text>any digest, analysis, selection, compilation, or derivation of any item listed in subparagraph (A); and</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H1B4C37B09CB140EF8A61C6E895FAF71B"><enum>(C)</enum><text>any index or other manner of access to any item listed in subparagraph (A).</text></subparagraph></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H2253E01CC6E44C1C902B1929266126CC"><enum>(n)</enum><header>Sunset</header><text>The authority of the Attorney General to issue a civil investigative demand under this section shall expire upon the expiration of the 5-year period which begins on the date of the enactment of this section.</text></subsection></section><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></section><section id="H726D490C44C647A88C981590409F9824"><enum>206.</enum><header>Foreign agents registration civil enforcement</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section 8 of the Foreign Agents Registration Act of 1938 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/22/618">22 U.S.C. 618</external-xref>) is amended by adding at the end the following:</text><quoted-block display-inline="no-display-inline" id="HEC4BBA713FEC464C9A69D29C67EBAFD9" style="OLC"><subsection id="HFBF5ABB88DBE4BB3AEAF3C3772106168"><enum>(i)</enum><header>Civil enforcement</header><paragraph id="H0C9B3BE2FCC94757BF9829069B1E3C2D"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Civil penalties</header><subparagraph id="H181576C470F34480B90AAA513D8108FD"><enum>(A)</enum><header>Registration statements</header><clause id="H10F5A47D54EA4589B8026CF80B3B0F5B"><enum>(i)</enum><header>In general</header><text>Any person who is required to register under this Act and fails to file a timely or complete registration statement required under section 2(a) shall be subject to a civil fine of not more than $10,000 for each violation, without regard to the state of mind of the person.</text></clause><clause id="HE6CFA20E0C4A42B2AC89E290978EA857"><enum>(ii)</enum><header>No fines paid by foreign principals</header><text>If a person is subject to a civil fine under clause (i), the civil fine may not be paid, directly or indirectly, by a foreign principal.</text></clause></subparagraph><subparagraph id="HC0F3250CAF914DE3A85062483F67F0C5"><enum>(B)</enum><header>Supplements</header><text>Any person who is required to file a supplement to a registration statement under section 2(b) and fails to file a timely or complete supplement required under that section shall be subject to a civil fine of not more than $1,000 for each violation, without regard to the state of mind of the person.</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="HC2A5546ACF58451FBFB032DBC2A628F2"><enum>(C)</enum><header>Failure to remedy deficient filings</header><text>Any person who is required to file a registration statement under this Act, receives notice under subsection (g) that the registration statement filed by the person is deficient, and knowingly fails to remedy the deficiency within 60 days after receiving the notice shall, upon proof by a preponderance of the evidence of such knowing failure to remedy the deficiency, be subject to a civil fine of not more than $200,000, depending on the extent and gravity of the violation.</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H88DEF67C9846415C990EEEF10817F744"><enum>(D)</enum><header>Other violations</header><text>Any person who knowingly fails to comply with any other provision of this Act shall, upon proof by a preponderance of the evidence of such knowing failure to comply, be subject to a civil fine of not more than $200,000, depending on the extent and gravity of the violation.</text></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H30998673E1074149BCC3C6F811F27913"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Use of fines</header><text>All fines collected under this subsection shall be used to defray the cost of enforcing this Act.</text></paragraph></subsection><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></section><section id="HF3C923C17C5F4861A48D6244EF6FE982"><enum>207.</enum><header>Authorizing imposition and collection of registration fees</header><subsection id="HCFF3B618394342329A2F146B42E4396E"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Authorization</header><text>The Foreign Agents Registration Act of 1938 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/22/611">22 U.S.C. 611 et seq.</external-xref>), as amended by section 205, is further amended by adding at the end the following new section:</text><quoted-block style="OLC" id="H0EF8B761F8584A4484FCA2F8A29882BD" display-inline="no-display-inline"><section id="HB1238387A74F4F958A65CCA5A8ED3FC0"><enum>16.</enum><header>Fees</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">The Attorney General shall establish and collect a registration fee, as part of the initial filing requirement and at no other time, to help defray the expenses of the Registration Unit, and shall credit such fees to this appropriation, to remain available until expended.</text></section><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></subsection><subsection id="H60883577AA304F5084CA612A23A4A39A"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Conforming amendment To repeal existing authority</header><text>The Department of Justice and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 1993 (title I of <external-xref legal-doc="public-law" parsable-cite="pl/102/395">Public Law 102–395</external-xref>) is amended, under the heading <quote><header-in-text level="appropriations-small" style="appropriations">Salaries and Expenses, General Legal Activities</header-in-text></quote>, by striking <quote>In addition, notwithstanding <external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/31/3302">31 U.S.C. 3302</external-xref>, for fiscal year 1993 and thereafter, the Attorney General shall establish and collect fees to recover necessary expenses of the Registration Unit (to include salaries, supplies, equipment and training) pursuant to the Foreign Agents Registration Act, and shall credit such fees to this appropriation, to remain available until expended.</quote>.</text></subsection></section><section id="HC9F7433FDDAB4A7AAD454BBDC4B7D315"><enum>208.</enum><header>Establishment of FARA investigation and enforcement unit within Department of Justice</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Section 8 of the Foreign Agents Registration Act of 1938, as amended (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/22/618">22 U.S.C. 618</external-xref>), as amended by section 206, is further amended by adding at the end the following new subsection:</text><quoted-block style="OLC" id="H18614BC65AD9444D93CD56E8DA28879F" display-inline="no-display-inline"><subsection id="H13E3AA13D7DC476E91E26805AC6E6903"><enum>(j)</enum><header>Dedicated enforcement unit</header><paragraph id="HEA98EE96FE934723A9E190E21150BDCC"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Establishment</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this subsection, the Attorney General shall establish a unit within the counterespionage section of the National Security Division of the Department of Justice with responsibility for the enforcement of this Act.</text></paragraph><paragraph id="HCDD3A51B36CA40199EF209E06F292328"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Powers</header><text>The unit established under this subsection is authorized to—</text><subparagraph id="HD07E225D9B8D4AC982C22F24DD0E9572"><enum>(A)</enum><text>take appropriate legal action against individuals suspected of violating this Act; and</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="HB64AA513FC5F44819ED12505B58D003E"><enum>(B)</enum><text>coordinate any such legal action with the United States Attorney for the relevant jurisdiction.</text></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="HD67D86A4A9D74246A92D3FE2DD5D63ED"><enum>(3)</enum><header>Consultation</header><text>In operating the unit established under this subsection, the Attorney General shall, as appropriate, consult with the Director of National Intelligence, the Secretary of Homeland Security, and the Secretary of State.</text></paragraph><paragraph id="HEE74F934177C49BFB6746CD721D3A33A"><enum>(4)</enum><header>Authorization of appropriations</header><text>There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out the activities of the unit established under this subsection $10,000,000 for fiscal year 2021 and each succeeding fiscal year.</text></paragraph></subsection><after-quoted-block>.</after-quoted-block></quoted-block></section><section id="H83F3BF66DD38451BAAF273098F760086"><enum>209.</enum><header>Comprehensive strategy to improve enforcement and administration</header><subsection id="HD6552C7DBB0F452C931FD4043D0ED780"><enum>(a)</enum><header>Implementation of strategy</header><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">Not later than 120 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Attorney General shall promulgate final regulations for the implementation of a comprehensive strategy to improve the enforcement and administration of the Foreign Agents Registration Act of 1938 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/22/611">22 U.S.C. 611 et seq.</external-xref>) that addresses the following issues:</text><paragraph id="H299B6181BAE744689389BAE757468452"><enum>(1)</enum><text display-inline="yes-display-inline">The coordination and integration of the work of the agencies that perform investigations of alleged violations of the Act and bring actions (including criminal prosecutions) to enforce the Act with the overall national security efforts of the Department of Justice.</text></paragraph><paragraph id="H77DD235D793D4672860DACF6E295A77F"><enum>(2)</enum><text>An assessment of the appropriateness of the exemptions provided under the Act that permit persons who represent the interests of foreign principals to avoid registering under the Act.</text></paragraph><paragraph id="H3A9FE9241FCB45E88E95E3EECAD790FA"><enum>(3)</enum><text>A formal cost-benefit analysis of the appropriateness of the fee structure under the Act.</text></paragraph><paragraph id="H139809CE5A6B4E99B399577A667A3B2B"><enum>(4)</enum><text>An assessment of the value of making advisory opinions under the Act available in whole as an informational resource.</text></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="H12412E53277F4F599463F9D017129FE8"><enum>(b)</enum><header>Review by Inspector General; reports to Congress</header><paragraph id="H6F3086FB079C49B2804DA6942016D660"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Review</header><text>The Inspector General of the Department of Justice shall carry out a review of—</text><subparagraph id="H6FD513B0A7D04CB9BA24C1EE2B29F5A8"><enum>(A)</enum><text>the extent to which the Attorney General has implemented the comprehensive strategy described in subsection (a); and</text></subparagraph><subparagraph id="H7BA4D29C9621489D911B9118421069D2"><enum>(B)</enum><text>the usage, effectiveness, and any potential abuse of the authority granted to the Attorney General by this Act to issue civil investigative demands.</text></subparagraph></paragraph><paragraph id="H0EF5068FD1D944369BB3C13534EEA702"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Reports to Congress</header><text>The Inspector General of the Department of Justice shall submit a report to the appropriate committees of Congress on the results of the review carried out under paragraph (1) not later than 1 year after the date upon which the comprehensive strategy described in subsection (a) is implemented by the Attorney General.</text></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HE8ABF035E7004B22939373E00D595F40"><enum>(c)</enum><header>Annual reports to Congress</header><text>Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter, the Attorney General, in consultation with the Assistant Attorney General for National Security, shall submit a report to the appropriate committees of Congress detailing the usage over the preceding year of the authority granted to the Attorney General by this Act and the amendments made by this title to issue civil investigative demands, including—</text><paragraph id="H02C07DFBD3F2419BB98E8E3A844C5D5D"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the number of civil investigative demands issued;</text></paragraph><paragraph id="HA2F7D0073C76428B82ABD3F0CBAD7C54"><enum>(2)</enum><text>a description of the nature of the conduct constituting the alleged violation of the Foreign Agents Registration Act of 1938 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/22/611">22 U.S.C. 611 et seq.</external-xref>) which was under investigation and the provision alleged to be violated;</text></paragraph><paragraph id="H7F3CC9041B644F1FA49B49D20C97A832"><enum>(3)</enum><text>a description of the nature of the documentary materials, interrogatories, or oral testimony sought by the civil investigative demand;</text></paragraph><paragraph id="HCE6F076C012F431EA5694BDF5AE2714A"><enum>(4)</enum><text>the number of times the Attorney General filed in a district court of the United States a petition for an order for the enforcement of a civil investigative demand and a detailed description of the circumstances that led the Attorney General to seek such an order;</text></paragraph><paragraph id="H3A50F4043EAA480DA39C4D213B1E855F"><enum>(5)</enum><text>a description of the results of civil investigative demands issued, including whether the Attorney General subsequently filed charges for an alleged violation of the Foreign Agents Registration Act of 1938 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/22/611">22 U.S.C. 611 et seq.</external-xref>), regardless of whether such charges were filed against the recipient of the civil investigative demand or another legal entity or natural person; and</text></paragraph><paragraph id="H7F2A27E0768F41C1A0B96A04F4F0B61F"><enum>(6)</enum><text>any other information regarding the use of such authority that the Attorney General deems relevant.</text></paragraph></subsection><subsection id="HDD2F6060862D45D4A1198E57616BBBD2"><enum>(d)</enum><header>Ensuring electronic access to reports through searchable website</header><paragraph id="HA6627710D4A148F283BCBAD773B9E08F"><enum>(1)</enum><header>Report to Congress</header><text>The Attorney General, in consultation with the Assistant Attorney General for National Security, shall include in the second annual report submitted to the appropriate committees of Congress under subsection (c) a detailed description of methods to ensure that reports filed under the Foreign Agents Registration Act are filed electronically in a digitized format which will enable the Foreign Agents Registration Unit website database to be fully searchable, machine-readable, sortable, and downloadable.</text></paragraph><paragraph id="HFFF9D45358844474A079913E6B481D32"><enum>(2)</enum><header>Implementation</header><text>After submitting the report containing the information described in paragraph (1), the Attorney General shall implement the methods described in the report.</text></paragraph></subsection></section><section id="HBE09129AEEF545C686F8FB371A80516B"><enum>210.</enum><header>Analysis by Government Accountability Office</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">Not later than 3 years after the date of enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of the United States shall—</text><paragraph id="H3B756BE19FC94ECEBA9DCF70BD50AE00"><enum>(1)</enum><text>carry out an analysis of the effectiveness of the enforcement and administration of the Foreign Agents Registration Act of 1938 (<external-xref legal-doc="usc" parsable-cite="usc/22/611">22 U.S.C. 611 et seq.</external-xref>), including the extent to which the amendments made by this title have improved the enforcement and administration of such Act, and taking into account the comprehensive strategy developed and implemented under section 207; and</text></paragraph><paragraph id="HAC9A390E5B9B40D09680F2AB681A703B"><enum>(2)</enum><text>submit the analysis to the Attorney General, the Inspector General of the Department of Justice, and the appropriate committees of Congress.</text></paragraph></section><section id="HB3621A56063E4CAB8BEBE7796F3AD66E"><enum>211.</enum><header>Definition</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">In this title, the term <term>appropriate committees of Congress</term> means—</text><paragraph id="HC2CF4848E403453AA7E18F0561CA0A7E"><enum>(1)</enum><text>the Committees on the Judiciary and Foreign Relations of the Senate; and</text></paragraph><paragraph id="H29174EB760264CEFBCD7B9441A765F6C"><enum>(2)</enum><text>the Committee on the Judiciary of the House of Representatives.</text></paragraph></section><section id="H3A1F22BDBC8E473C8758DC42DAD6B074"><enum>212.</enum><header>Effective date</header><text display-inline="no-display-inline">The amendments made by this title shall take effect 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act.</text></section>