[Congressional Bills 117th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 4346 Engrossed Amendment Senate (EAS)]

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                  In the Senate of the United States,

                                                         July 27, 2022.
    Resolved, That the Senate agree to the amendment of the House to 
the amendment of the Senate to the bill (H.R. 4346) entitled ``An Act 
making appropriations for Legislative Branch for the fiscal year ending 
September 30, 2022, and for other purposes.'', do pass with the 
following

        SENATE AMENDMENT TO HOUSE AMENDMENT TO SENATE AMENDMENT:

            In lieu of the matter proposed to be inserted by the 
      amendment of the House to the amendment of the Senate, insert the 
      following:

SECTION 1. TABLE OF CONTENTS.

    The table of contents for this Act is as follows:

Sec. 1. Table of contents.
Sec. 2. References.

                     DIVISION A--CHIPS ACT OF 2022

Sec. 101. Short title.
Sec. 102. Creating helpful incentives to produce semiconductors (CHIPS) 
                            for America fund.
Sec. 103. Semiconductor incentives.
Sec. 104. Opportunity and inclusion.
Sec. 105. Additional GAO reporting requirements.
Sec. 106. Appropriations for wireless supply chain innovation.
Sec. 107. Advanced manufacturing investment credit.

                  DIVISION B--RESEARCH AND INNOVATION

Sec. 10000. Table of contents.
Sec. 10001. Short title.
Sec. 10002. Definitions.
Sec. 10003. Budgetary effects.

          TITLE I--DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY SCIENCE FOR THE FUTURE

Sec. 10101. Mission of the Office of Science.
Sec. 10102. Basic energy sciences program.
Sec. 10103. Biological and environmental research.
Sec. 10104. Advanced scientific computing research program.
Sec. 10105. Fusion energy research.
Sec. 10106. High energy physics program.
Sec. 10107. Nuclear physics program.
Sec. 10108. Science laboratories infrastructure program.
Sec. 10109. Accelerator research and development.
Sec. 10110. Isotope research, development, and production.
Sec. 10111. Increased collaboration with teachers and scientists.
Sec. 10112. High intensity laser research initiative; helium 
                            conservation program; Office of Science 
                            emerging biological threat preparedness 
                            research initiative; midscale 
                            instrumentation and research equipment 
                            program; authorization of appropriations.
Sec. 10113. Established program to stimulate competitive research.
Sec. 10114. Research security.

TITLE II--NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY FOR THE FUTURE

Sec. 10201. Definitions.

              Subtitle A--Authorization of Appropriations

Sec. 10211. Authorization of appropriations.

                    Subtitle B--Measurement Research

Sec. 10221. Engineering biology and biometrology.
Sec. 10222. Greenhouse gas measurement research.
Sec. 10223. NIST authority for cybersecurity and privacy activities.
Sec. 10224. Software security and authentication.
Sec. 10225. Digital identity management research.
Sec. 10226. Biometrics research and testing.
Sec. 10227. Federal biometric performance standards.
Sec. 10228. Protecting research from cybersecurity theft.
Sec. 10229. Dissemination of resources for research institutions.
Sec. 10230. Advanced communications research.
Sec. 10231. Neutron scattering.
Sec. 10232. Artificial intelligence.
Sec. 10233. Sustainable chemistry research and education.
Sec. 10234. Premise plumbing research.
Sec. 10235. Dr. David Satcher Cybersecurity Education Grant Program.

                     Subtitle C--General Activities

Sec. 10241. Educational outreach and support for underrepresented 
                            communities.
Sec. 10242. Other transactions authority.
Sec. 10243. Report to Congress on collaborations with government 
                            agencies.
Sec. 10244. Hiring critical technical experts.
Sec. 10245. International standards development.
Sec. 10246. Standard technical update.
Sec. 10247. GAO study of NIST research security policies and protocols.
Sec. 10248. Standards development organization grants.

        Subtitle D--Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership

Sec. 10251. Establishment of expansion awards pilot program as a part 
                            of the Hollings Manufacturing Extension 
                            Partnership.
Sec. 10252. Update to Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership.
Sec. 10253. National Supply Chain Database.
Sec. 10254. Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership activities.
Sec. 10255. Amendment to the Hollings Manufacturing Extension 
                            Partnership relating to institutions of 
                            higher education.

                 Subtitle E--Manufacturing USA Program

Sec. 10261. Supporting geographic diversity.
Sec. 10262. Expanding opportunities through the Manufacturing USA 
                            Program.
Sec. 10263. Promoting domestic production of technologies developed 
                            under Manufacturing USA Program.

         TITLE III--NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION FOR THE FUTURE

                    Subtitle A--Preliminary Matters

Sec. 10301. Sense of Congress.
Sec. 10302. Definitions.
Sec. 10303. Authorization of appropriations.

                       Subtitle B--STEM Education

Sec. 10311. PreK-12 STEM education.
Sec. 10312. Undergraduate STEM education.
Sec. 10313. Graduate STEM education.
Sec. 10314. STEM workforce data.
Sec. 10315. Cyber workforce development research and development.
Sec. 10316. Federal cyber scholarship-for-service program.
Sec. 10317. Cybersecurity workforce data initiative.
Sec. 10318. Microelectronics workforce development activities.
Sec. 10319. Incorporation of art and design into certain STEM 
                            education.
Sec. 10320. Mandatory cost-sharing.
Sec. 10321. Programs to address the STEM workforce.

                  Subtitle C--Broadening Participation

Sec. 10321. Presidential awards for excellence in mathematics and 
                            science.
Sec. 10322. Robert Noyce Teacher Scholarship program update.
Sec. 10323. NSF Eddie Bernice Johnson INCLUDES Initiative.
Sec. 10324. Broadening participation on major facilities awards.
Sec. 10325. Expanding geographic and institutional diversity in 
                            research.
Sec. 10326. Diversity in tech research.
Sec. 10327. Chief Diversity Officer of the NSF.
Sec. 10328. Research and dissemination to increase the participation of 
                            women and underrepresented minorities in 
                            STEM fields.
Sec. 10329. Activities to expand STEM opportunities.
Sec. 10330. Intramural emerging research institutions pilot program.

                   Subtitle D--NSF Research Security

Sec. 10331. Office of Research Security and Policy.
Sec. 10332. Chief of Research Security.
Sec. 10333. Reporting to Congress.
Sec. 10334. Online resource.
Sec. 10335. Research awards.
Sec. 10336. Authorities.
Sec. 10337. Responsible conduct in research training.
Sec. 10338. Research security and integrity information sharing 
                            analysis organization.
Sec. 10339. Plan with respect to controlled information and background 
                            screening.
Sec. 10339A. Foundation funding to institutions hosting or supporting 
                            Confucius Institutes.
Sec. 10339B. Foreign financial support.
Sec. 10339C. Authorization of appropriations.

                    Subtitle E--Fundamental Research

Sec. 10341. Broader impacts.
Sec. 10342. Sense of Congress.
Sec. 10343. Research ethics.
Sec. 10344. Research reproducibility and replicability.
Sec. 10345. Climate change research.
Sec. 10346. Social, behavioral, and economic sciences.
Sec. 10347. Measuring impacts of Federally funded research and 
                            development.
Sec. 10348. Food-energy-water research.
Sec. 10349. Biological Field Stations and Marine Laboratories.
Sec. 10350. Sustainable chemistry research and education.
Sec. 10351. Risk and resilience research.
Sec. 10352. Unmanned aircraft systems technologies.
Sec. 10353. Accelerating unmanned maritime systems technologies.
Sec. 10354. Leveraging international expertise in research.
Sec. 10355. Biological research collections.
Sec. 10356. Clean water research and technology acceleration.
Sec. 10357. Technology and behavioral science research.
Sec. 10358. Manufacturing research amendment.
Sec. 10359. Critical minerals mining research and development.
Sec. 10360. Study of AI research capacity.
Sec. 10361. Advancing IoT for Precision Agriculture Capabilities Act.
Sec. 10362. Astronomy and satellite constellations.
Sec. 10363. Research on the impact of inflation.
Sec. 10364. Microgravity utilization policy.
Sec. 10365. Recognition of the Arecibo Observatory.

                  Subtitle F--Research Infrastructure

Sec. 10371. Facility operation and maintenance.
Sec. 10372. Reviews.
Sec. 10373. Helium conservation.
Sec. 10374. Advanced computing.
Sec. 10375. National secure data service.

  Subtitle G--Directorate for Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships

Sec. 10381. Establishment.
Sec. 10382. Purposes.
Sec. 10383. Activities.
Sec. 10384. Requirements.
Sec. 10385. Assistant Director.
Sec. 10386. Advisory committee.
Sec. 10387. Challenges and focus areas.
Sec. 10388. Regional Innovation Engines.
Sec. 10389. Translation accelerator.
Sec. 10390. Test beds.
Sec. 10391. Planning and capacity building awards.
Sec. 10392. Entrepreneurial fellowships.
Sec. 10393. Scholarships and fellowships.
Sec. 10394. Research and development awards.
Sec. 10395. Scaling innovations in PreK-12 STEM education.
Sec. 10396. Authorities.
Sec. 10397. Coordination of activities.
Sec. 10398. Ethical, legal, and societal considerations.
Sec. 10399. Reports and roadmaps.
Sec. 10399A. Evaluation.

                 Subtitle H--Administrative Amendments

Sec. 10399D. Supporting veterans in STEM careers.
Sec. 10399E. Sunshine Act compliance.
Sec. 10399F. Science and engineering indicators report submission.

             TITLE IV--BIOECONOMY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

Sec. 10401. Definitions.
Sec. 10402. National engineering biology research and development 
                            initiative.
Sec. 10403. Initiative coordination.
Sec. 10404. Advisory committee on engineering biology research and 
                            development.
Sec. 10405. External review of ethical, legal, environmental, safety, 
                            security, and societal issues.
Sec. 10406. Agency activities.
Sec. 10407. Rule of construction.

              TITLE V--BROADENING PARTICIPATION IN SCIENCE

                     Subtitle A--STEM Opportunities

Sec. 10501. Federal research agency policies for caregivers.
Sec. 10502. Collection and reporting of data on federal research 
                            awards.
Sec. 10503. Policies for review of Federal research awards.
Sec. 10504. Collection of data on demographics of faculty.
Sec. 10505. Cultural and institutional barriers to expanding the 
                            academic and Federal STEM workforce.
Sec. 10506. Existing activities.
Sec. 10507. Report to Congress.
Sec. 10508. Merit review.
Sec. 10509. Determination of budgetary effects.
Sec. 10510. Definition.

               Subtitle B--Rural STEM Education Research

Sec. 10511. Definition.
Sec. 10512. National Science Foundation rural STEM activities.
Sec. 10513. Opportunities for online education.
Sec. 10514. National Academies evaluation.
Sec. 10515. GAO review.
Sec. 10516. NIST engagement with rural communities.

                    Subtitle C--MSI STEM Achievement

Sec. 10521. GAO review.
Sec. 10522. Agency responsibilities.
Sec. 10523. Research at the National Science Foundation.
Sec. 10524. Capacity-building program for developing universities.
Sec. 10525. Tribal Colleges and Universities program.
Sec. 10526. Definitions.

           Subtitle D--Combating Sexual Harassment in Science

Sec. 10531. Findings.
Sec. 10532. Purpose.
Sec. 10533. Definition.
Sec. 10534. Research awards.
Sec. 10535. Responsible Conduct Guide.
Sec. 10536. Interagency working group.
Sec. 10537. National Academies assessment.
Sec. 10538. GAO study.
Sec. 10539. Authorization of appropriations.

       TITLE VI--MISCELLANEOUS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY PROVISIONS

            Subtitle A--Supporting Early-career Researchers

Sec. 10601. Early-career research fellowship program.
Sec. 10602. Authorization of appropriations.

          Subtitle B--National Science and Technology Strategy

Sec. 10611. National science and technology strategy.
Sec. 10612. Strategy and report on the Nation's economic security, 
                            science, research, and innovation to 
                            support the national security strategy.
Sec. 10613. Quadrennial science and technology review.

                    Subtitle C--Regional Innovation

Sec. 10621. Regional innovation capacity.
Sec. 10622. Regional Clean Energy Innovation Program.

                     Subtitle D--Research Security

Sec. 10631. Requirements for foreign talent recruitment programs.
Sec. 10632. Malign foreign talent recruitment program prohibition.
Sec. 10633. Review of contracts and agreements.
Sec. 10634. Research security training requirement for Federal research 
                            award personnel.
Sec. 10635. Research funds accounting.
Sec. 10636. Person or entity of concern prohibition.
Sec. 10637. Nondiscrimination.
Sec. 10638. Definitions.

  Subtitle E--Coastal and Ocean Acidification Research and Innovation

Sec. 10641. Short title.
Sec. 10642. Purposes.
Sec. 10643. Definitions.
Sec. 10644. Interagency working group.
Sec. 10645. Strategic research plan.
Sec. 10646. NOAA ocean acidification activities.
Sec. 10647. NSF ocean acidification activities.
Sec. 10648. NASA ocean acidification activities.
Sec. 10649. Authorization of appropriations.

                 Subtitle F--Interagency Working Group

Sec. 10651. Interagency working group.

           Subtitle G--Quantum Networking and Communications

Sec. 10661. Quantum networking and communications.

                   Subtitle H--Blockchain Specialist

Sec. 10671. Establishment of blockchain and cryptocurrency specialist 
                            position within OSTP.

      Subtitle I--Partnerships for Energy Security and Innovation

Sec. 10691. Foundation for Energy Security and Innovation.

               Subtitle J--Energizing Technology Transfer

Sec. 10701. Definitions.

       PART 1--National Clean Energy Technology Transfer Programs

Sec. 10713. National clean energy incubator program.
Sec. 10714. Clean energy technology university prize competition.
Sec. 10715. Clean energy technology transfer coordination.

 PART 2--Supporting Technology Development at the National Laboratories

Sec. 10716. Lab partnering service pilot program.
Sec. 10717. Lab-embedded entrepreneurship program.
Sec. 10718. Small business voucher program.
Sec. 10719. Entrepreneurial leave program.
Sec. 10720. National Laboratory non-Federal employee outside employment 
                            authority.

               PART 3--Department of Energy Modernization

Sec. 10722. Office of Technology Transitions.
Sec. 10723. Management of Department of Energy demonstration projects.
Sec. 10724. Streamlining prize competitions.
Sec. 10725. Cost-share waiver extension.
Sec. 10726. Special hiring authority for scientific, engineering, and 
                            project management personnel.
Sec. 10727. Technology transfer reports and evaluation.

                         Subtitle K--Micro Act

Sec. 10731. Microelectronics research for energy innovation.

    Subtitle L--National Nuclear University Research Infrastructure 
                              Reinvestment

Sec. 10741. Short title.
Sec. 10742. Purposes.
Sec. 10743. University infrastructure collaboration.
Sec. 10744. Advanced nuclear research infrastructure enhancement 
                            subprogram.
Sec. 10745. Science education and human resources scholarships, 
                            fellowships, and research and development 
                            projects.

    Subtitle M--Steel Upgrading Partnerships and Emissions Reduction

Sec. 10751. Low-emissions steel manufacturing research program.

    Subtitle N--Applied Laboratories Infrastructure Restoration and 
                             Modernization

Sec. 10761. Applied laboratories infrastructure restoration and 
                            modernization.

      Subtitle O--Department of Energy Research, Development, and 
                        Demonstration Activities

Sec. 10771. Department of Energy research, development, and 
                            demonstration activities.

                   Subtitle P--Fission for the Future

Sec. 10781. Advanced nuclear technologies Federal research, 
                            development, and demonstration program.

TITLE VII--NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION AUTHORIZATION 
                                  ACT

Sec. 10801. Short title.
Sec. 10802. Definitions.

                        Subtitle A--Exploration

Sec. 10811. Moon to Mars.
Sec. 10812. Space Launch System configurations.
Sec. 10813. Rocket engine test infrastructure.
Sec. 10814. Pearl River maintenance.
Sec. 10815. Extension and modification relating to International Space 
                            Station.
Sec. 10816. Priorities for International Space Station.
Sec. 10817. Technical amendments relating to Artemis missions.

                          Subtitle B--Science

Sec. 10821. Science priorities.
Sec. 10822. Search for life.
Sec. 10823. Next generation of astrophysics great observatories.
Sec. 10824. Earth science missions and programs.
Sec. 10825. Planetary Defense Coordination Office.

                        Subtitle C--Aeronautics

Sec. 10831. Experimental aircraft projects.
Sec. 10832. Unmanned aircraft systems.
Sec. 10833. Cleaner, quieter airplanes.

                      Subtitle D--Space Technology

Sec. 10841. Space nuclear capabilities.
Sec. 10842. Prioritization of low-enriched uranium technology.

                      Subtitle E--STEM Engagement

Sec. 10851. Office of STEM Engagement.

                       Subtitle F--Miscellaneous

Sec. 10861. Program, workforce, and industrial base reviews.
Sec. 10862. Modification of lease of non-excess property.

   DIVISION C--SUPPLEMENTAL APPROPRIATIONS TO ADDRESS THREATS TO THE 
                   SUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED STATES

SEC. 2. REFERENCES.

    Except as expressly provided otherwise, any reference to ``this 
Act'' contained in any division of this Act shall be treated as 
referring only to the provisions of that division.

                     DIVISION A--CHIPS ACT OF 2022

SEC. 101. SHORT TITLE.

    This division may be cited as the ``CHIPS Act of 2022''.

SEC. 102. CREATING HELPFUL INCENTIVES TO PRODUCE SEMICONDUCTORS (CHIPS) 
              FOR AMERICA FUND.

    (a) CHIPS for America Fund.--
            (1) Establishment.--There is established in the Treasury of 
        the United States a fund to be known as the ``Creating Helpful 
        Incentives to Produce Semiconductors (CHIPS) for America Fund'' 
        (referred to in this subsection as the ``Fund'') for the 
        Secretary of Commerce to carry out sections 9902, 9904, and 
        9906 of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense 
        Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 4652, 4654, 
        and 4656; Public Law 116-283). Amounts in the Fund to carry out 
        sections 9904 and 9906 of Public Law 116-283 shall be 
        transferred to and merged with accounts within the Department 
        of Commerce to be used for such purposes, except that amounts 
        transferred to carry out section 9904 of Public Law 116-283 
        shall remain available until September 30, 2025.
            (2) Appropriation.--
                    (A) In addition to amounts otherwise available for 
                such purposes, there is appropriated to the Fund 
                established in subsection (a)(1), out of amounts in the 
                Treasury not otherwise appropriated--
                            (i) for fiscal year 2022, $24,000,000,000, 
                        to remain available until expended, of which 
                        $19,000,000,000 shall be for section 9902 of 
                        Public Law 116-283, $2,000,000,000 shall be for 
                        subsection (c) of section 9906 of Public Law 
                        116-283, $2,500,000,000 shall be for subsection 
                        (d) of section 9906 of Public Law 116-283, and 
                        $500,000,000 shall be for subsections (e) and 
                        (f) of section 9906 of Public Law 116-283;
                            (ii) for fiscal year 2023, $7,000,000,000 
                        to remain available until expended, of which 
                        $5,000,000,000 shall be for section 9902 of 
                        Public Law 116-283 and $2,000,000,000 shall be 
                        for subsections (c), (d), (e), and (f) of 
                        section 9906 of Public Law 116-283;
                            (iii) for fiscal year 2024, $6,300,000,000, 
                        to remain available until expended, of which 
                        $5,000,000,000 shall be for section 9902 of 
                        Public Law 116-283 and $1,300,000,000 shall be 
                        for subsections (c), (d), (e), and (f) of 
                        section 9906 of Public Law 116-283;
                            (iv) for fiscal year 2025, $6,100,000,000, 
                        to remain available until expended, of which 
                        $5,000,000,000 shall be for section 9902 of 
                        Public Law 116-283 and $1,100,000,000 shall be 
                        for subsections (c), (d), (e), and (f) of 
                        section 9906 of Public Law 116-283; and
                            (v) for fiscal year 2026, $6,600,000,000, 
                        to remain available until expended, of which 
                        $5,000,000,000 shall be for section 9902 of 
                        Public Law 116- 283 and $1,600,000,000 shall be 
                        for subsections (c), (d), (e), and (f) of 
                        section 9906 of Public Law 116-283.
                    (B) Direct loans and loan guarantees.--The 
                Secretary of Commerce may use--
                            (i) up to $6,000,000,000 of the amounts 
                        made available for fiscal year 2022 for section 
                        9902 of Public Law 116-283 for the cost of 
                        direct loans and loan guarantees, as authorized 
                        by section 9902 of Public Law 116-283, provided 
                        that--
                                    (I) such costs, including the cost 
                                of modifying such loans and loan 
                                guarantees shall be as defined in 
                                section 502 of the Congressional Budget 
                                Act of 1974; and
                                    (II) these funds are available to 
                                subsidize gross obligations for the 
                                principal amount of direct loans and 
                                total loan principal, any part of which 
                                is to be guaranteed, not to exceed 
                                $75,000,000,000;
                            (ii) up to 2 percent of the amounts made 
                        available in each fiscal year for salaries and 
                        expenses, administration, and oversight 
                        purposes to carry out sections 9902 and 9906 of 
                        Public Law 116-283, of which $5,000,000 in each 
                        of fiscal years 2022 through 2026 shall be 
                        transferred to the Office of Inspector General 
                        of the Department of Commerce to oversee 
                        expenditures from the Fund; and
                            (iii) up to $2,300,000 of the amounts made 
                        available in fiscal year 2022 to carry out 
                        section 9904 of Public Law 116-283.
            (3) Assistance for mature technology nodes.--Of the amount 
        available in fiscal year 2022 to implement section 9902 of the 
        William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act 
        for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 4652), $2,000,000,000 shall be 
        to provide Federal financial assistance to covered entities to 
        incentivize investment in facilities and equipment in the 
        United States for the fabrication, assembly, testing, or 
        packaging of semiconductors at mature technology nodes under 
        subsection (e) of that section, as added by section 103 of this 
        Act.
            (4) Allocation authority.--
                    (A) Submission of cost estimates.--The President 
                shall submit to Congress detailed account, program, and 
                project allocations of the full amount made available 
                under subsection (a)(2)--
                            (i) for fiscal years 2022 and 2023, not 
                        later than 60 days after the date of enactment 
                        of this Act; and
                            (ii) for each subsequent fiscal year 
                        through 2026, as part of the annual budget 
                        submission of the President under section 
                        1105(a) of title 31, United States Code.
                    (B) Alternate allocation.--
                            (i) In general.--The Committees on 
                        Appropriations of the House of Representatives 
                        and the Senate may provide for alternate 
                        allocation of amounts made available under 
                        subsection (a)(2), including by account, 
                        program, and project.
                            (ii) Allocation by president.--
                                    (I) No alternate allocations.--If 
                                Congress has not enacted legislation 
                                establishing alternate allocations, 
                                including by account, program, and 
                                project, by the date on which the Act 
                                making full-year appropriations for the 
                                Departments of Commerce and Justice, 
                                Science, and Related Agencies for the 
                                applicable fiscal year is enacted into 
                                law, only then shall amounts made 
                                available under subsection (a)(2) be 
                                allocated by the President or 
                                apportioned or allotted by account, 
                                program, and project pursuant to title 
                                31, United States Code.
                                    (II) Insufficient alternate 
                                allocation.--If Congress enacts 
                                legislation establishing alternate 
                                allocations, including by account, 
                                program, and project, for amounts made 
                                available under subsection (a)(2) that 
                                are less than the full amount 
                                appropriated under that subsection, the 
                                difference between the amount 
                                appropriated and the alternate 
                                allocation shall be allocated by the 
                                President and apportioned and allotted 
                                by account, program, and project 
                                pursuant to title 31, United States 
                                Code.
    (b) CHIPS for America Defense Fund.--
            (1) Establishment.--There is established in the Treasury of 
        the United States a fund to be known as the ``Creating Helpful 
        Incentives to Produce Semiconductors (CHIPS) for America 
        Defense Fund'' (referred to in this subsection as the ``Fund'') 
        to provide for those requirements that are necessary to carry 
        out section 9903(b) of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National 
        Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 
        4653(b)). Amounts in the Fund shall be transferred to and 
        merged with accounts within the Department of Defense to be 
        used for such purposes. Amounts in the Fund or transferred to 
        and merged with accounts within the Department of Defense may 
        not be used for construction of facilities.
            (2) Appropriation.--In addition to amounts otherwise 
        available for such purposes, there is appropriated to the Fund 
        established in subsection (b)(1), out of amounts in the 
        Treasury not otherwise appropriated--
                    (A) for fiscal year 2023, $400,000,000, to remain 
                available until September 30, 2023;
                    (B) for fiscal year 2024, $400,000,000, to remain 
                available until September 30, 2024;
                    (C) for fiscal year 2025, $400,000,000, to remain 
                available until September 30, 2025;
                    (D) for fiscal year 2026, $400,000,000, to remain 
                available until September 30, 2026; and
                    (E) for fiscal year 2027, $400,000,000, to remain 
                available until September 30, 2027.
            (3) Allocation authority.--
                    (A) Submission of cost estimates.--The President 
                shall submit to Congress detailed account, program 
                element, and project allocations of the full amount 
                made available under subsection (b)(2)--
                            (i) for fiscal year 2023, not later than 60 
                        days after the date of enactment of this Act; 
                        and
                            (ii) for each subsequent fiscal year 
                        through 2027, as part of the annual budget 
                        submission of the President under section 
                        1105(a) of title 31, United States Code.
                    (B) Alternate allocation.--
                            (i) In general.--The Committees on 
                        Appropriations of the House of Representatives 
                        and the Senate may provide for alternate 
                        allocation of amounts made available under 
                        subsection (b)(2), including by account, 
                        program element, and project.
                            (ii) Allocation by president.--
                                    (I) No alternate allocations.--If 
                                Congress has not enacted legislation 
                                establishing alternate allocations, 
                                including by account, program element, 
                                and project, by the date on which the 
                                Act making full-year appropriations for 
                                the Department of Defense for the 
                                applicable fiscal year is enacted into 
                                law, only then shall amounts made 
                                available under subsection (b)(2) be 
                                allocated by the President or 
                                apportioned or allotted by account, 
                                program element, and project pursuant 
                                to title 31, United States Code.
                                    (II) Insufficient alternate 
                                allocation.--If Congress enacts 
                                legislation establishing alternate 
                                allocations, including by account, 
                                program element, and project, for 
                                amounts made available under subsection 
                                (b)(2) that are less than the full 
                                amount appropriated under that 
                                subsection, the difference between the 
                                amount appropriated and the alternate 
                                allocation shall be allocated by the 
                                President and apportioned and allotted 
                                by account, program element, and 
                                project pursuant to title 31, United 
                                States Code.
    (c) CHIPS for America International Technology Security and 
Innovation Fund.--
            (1) Establishment.--There is established in the Treasury of 
        the United States a fund to be known as the ``Creating Helpful 
        Incentives to Produce Semiconductors (CHIPS) for America 
        International Technology Security and Innovation Fund'' 
        (referred to in this subsection as the ``Fund'') to provide for 
        international information and communications technology 
        security and semiconductor supply chain activities, including 
        to support the development and adoption of secure and trusted 
        telecommunications technologies, secure semiconductors, secure 
        semiconductors supply chains, and other emerging technologies 
        and to carry out sections 9905 and 9202(a)(2) of the William M. 
        (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal 
        Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 4655 and 47 U.S.C. 906(a)(2)), as 
        appropriate. Amounts in the Fund shall be transferred by the 
        Secretary of State to accounts within the Department of State, 
        the United States Agency for International Development, the 
        Export-Import Bank, and the United States International 
        Development Finance Corporation, as appropriate, to be used for 
        such purposes and under the terms and conditions of the account 
        to which transferred.
            (2) Appropriation.--
                    (A) In addition to amounts otherwise available for 
                such purposes, there is appropriated to the Fund 
                established in subsection (c)(1), out of amounts in the 
                Treasury not otherwise appropriated--
                            (i) for fiscal year 2023, $100,000,000, to 
                        remain available until September 30, 2027;
                            (ii) for fiscal year 2024, $100,000,000, to 
                        remain available until September 30, 2028;
                            (iii) for fiscal year 2025, $100,000,000, 
                        to remain available until September 30, 2029;
                            (iv) for fiscal year 2026, $100,000,000, to 
                        remain available until September 30, 2030; and
                            (v) for fiscal year 2027, $100,000,000, to 
                        remain available until September 30, 2031.
                    (B) Use.--In carrying out this subsection, the 
                Secretary of State may use up to $5,000,000 of the 
                amounts made available in each fiscal year for the Fund 
                for salaries and expenses, administration, and 
                oversight purposes, of which $500,000 in each of fiscal 
                years 2023 through 2027 shall be transferred to the 
                Office of Inspector General of the Department of State 
                to oversee expenditures under the Fund.
            (3) Allocation authority.--
                    (A) Submission of cost estimates.--The President 
                shall submit to Congress detailed account, program, 
                project, and activity allocations of the full amount 
                made available under subsection (c)(2)--
                            (i) for fiscal year 2023, not later than 90 
                        days after the date of enactment of this Act; 
                        and
                            (ii) for each subsequent fiscal year 
                        through 2027, as part of the annual budget 
                        submission of the President under section 
                        1105(a) of title 31, United States Code.
                    (B) Alternate allocation.--
                            (i) In general.--The Committees on 
                        Appropriations of the House of Representatives 
                        and the Senate may provide for alternate 
                        allocation of amounts made available under 
                        subsection (c)(2), including by account, 
                        program, project, and activity.
                            (ii) Allocation by president.--
                                    (I) No alternate allocations.--If 
                                Congress has not enacted legislation 
                                establishing alternate allocations, 
                                including by account, program, project, 
                                and activity, by the date on which the 
                                Act making full-year appropriations for 
                                the Department of State, Foreign 
                                Operations, and Related Programs for 
                                the applicable fiscal year is enacted 
                                into law, only then shall amounts made 
                                available under subsection (c)(2) be 
                                allocated by the President or 
                                apportioned or allotted by account, 
                                program, project, and activity pursuant 
                                to title 31, United States Code.
                                    (II) Insufficient alternate 
                                allocation.--If Congress enacts 
                                legislation establishing alternate 
                                allocations, including by account, 
                                program, project, and activity, for 
                                amounts made available under subsection 
                                (c)(2) that are less than the full 
                                amount appropriated under that 
                                subsection, the difference between the 
                                amount appropriated and the alternate 
                                allocation shall be allocated by the 
                                President and apportioned and allotted 
                                by account, program, project, and 
                                activity pursuant to title 31, United 
                                States Code.
    (d) Creating Helpful Incentives to Produce Semiconductors (CHIPS) 
for America Workforce and Education Fund.--
            (1) Establishment.--There is established in the Treasury of 
        the United States a fund to be known as the ``Creating Helpful 
        Incentives to Produce Semiconductors (CHIPS) for America 
        Workforce and Education Fund'' (referred to in this subsection 
        as the ``Fund'') for the National Science Foundation for 
        microelectronics workforce development activities to meet the 
        requirements under section 9906 of the William M. (Mac) 
        Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 
        2021 (15 U.S.C. 4656).
            (2) Appropriation.--In addition to amounts otherwise 
        available for such purposes, there is appropriated to the Fund 
        established in subsection (d)(1), out of amounts in the 
        Treasury not otherwise appropriated--
                    (A) for fiscal year 2023, $25,000,000, to remain 
                available until expended;
                    (B) for fiscal year 2024, $25,000,000, to remain 
                available until expended;
                    (C) for fiscal year 2025, $50,000,000, to remain 
                available until expended;
                    (D) for fiscal year 2026, $50,000,000, to remain 
                available until expended; and
                    (E) for fiscal year 2027, $50,000,000, to remain 
                available until expended.
            (3) Allocation authority.--
                    (A) Submission of cost estimates.--The President 
                shall submit to Congress detailed account, program, and 
                project allocations of the full amount made available 
                under paragraph (2)--
                            (i) for fiscal year 2023, not later than 60 
                        days after the date of enactment of this Act; 
                        and
                            (ii) for each subsequent fiscal year 
                        through 2027, as part of the annual budget 
                        submission of the President under section 
                        1105(a) of title 31, United States Code.
                    (B) Alternate allocation.--
                            (i) In general.--The Committees on 
                        Appropriations of the House of Representatives 
                        and the Senate may provide for alternate 
                        allocation of amounts made available under 
                        paragraph (2), including by account, program, 
                        and project.
                            (ii) Allocation by president.--
                                    (I) No alternate allocations.--If 
                                Congress has not enacted legislation 
                                establishing alternate allocations, 
                                including by account, program, and 
                                project, by the date on which the Act 
                                making full-year appropriations for the 
                                Departments of Commerce and Justice, 
                                Science, and Related Agencies for the 
                                applicable fiscal year is enacted into 
                                law, only then shall amounts made 
                                available under subsection (d)(2) be 
                                allocated by the President or 
                                apportioned or allotted by account, 
                                program, and project pursuant to title 
                                31, United States Code.
                                    (II) Insufficient alternate 
                                allocation.--If Congress enacts 
                                legislation establishing alternate 
                                allocations, including by account, 
                                program, and project, for amounts made 
                                available under subsection (d)(2) that 
                                are less than the full amount 
                                appropriated under that subsection, the 
                                difference between the amount 
                                appropriated and the alternate 
                                allocation shall be allocated by the 
                                President and apportioned and allotted 
                                by account, program, and project 
                                pursuant to title 31, United States 
                                Code.
    (e) Sequestration.--Section 255(g)(1)(A) of the Balanced Budget and 
Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985 (2 U.S.C. 905(g)(1)(A)) is 
amended by inserting after ``Continuing Fund, Southwestern Power 
Administration (89-5649-0-2-271).'' the following:
                    ``Creating Helpful Incentives to Produce 
                Semiconductors (CHIPS) for America Fund.
                    ``Creating Helpful Incentives to Produce 
                Semiconductors (CHIPS) for America Defense Fund.
                    ``Creating Helpful Incentives to Produce 
                Semiconductors (CHIPS) for America International 
                Technology Security and Innovation Fund.
                    ``Creating Helpful Incentives to Produce 
                Semiconductors (CHIPS) for America Workforce and 
                Education Fund''.
    (f) Budgetary Effects.--
            (1) Statutory paygo scorecards.--The budgetary effects of 
        this section shall not be entered on either PAYGO scorecard 
        maintained pursuant to section 4(d) of the Statutory Pay-As-
        You-Go Act of 2010 (2 U.S.C. 933(d)).
            (2) Senate paygo scorecards.--The budgetary effects of this 
        section shall not be entered on any PAYGO scorecard maintained 
        for purposes of section 4106 of H. Con. Res. 71 (115th 
        Congress).
            (3) Classification of budgetary effects.--Notwithstanding 
        Rule 3 of the Budget Scorekeeping Guidelines set forth in the 
        joint explanatory statement of the committee of conference 
        accompanying Conference Report 105-217 and section 250(c)(8) of 
        the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985, 
        the budgetary effects of this section shall not be estimated--
                    (A) for purposes of section 251 of such Act;
                    (B) for purposes of an allocation to the Committee 
                on Appropriations pursuant to section 302(a) of the 
                Congressional Budget Act of 1974; and
                    (C) for purposes of paragraph (4)(C) of section 3 
                of the Statutory Pay-As-You-Go Act of 2010 as being 
                included in an appropriation Act.
    (g) Limitation on Using Amounts for Stock Buybacks or the Payment 
of Dividends.--
            (1) In general.--A person receiving amounts appropriated 
        under this section or from a covered fund may not use such 
        amounts, as determined using the criteria for eligible uses of 
        amounts under sections 9902(a)(4) and 9905(a)(4) of the William 
        M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for 
        Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 4652(a)(4), 15 U.S.C. 4655(a)(4)), 
        the activities under section 9903(b) of such Act (15 U.S.C. 
        4653(b)), and the functions under 9906(c)(2) of such Act (15 
        U.S.C. 4656(c)(2)) --
                    (A) to purchase an equity security that is listed 
                on a national securities exchange of such person or any 
                parent company of such person; or
                    (B) to pay dividends or make other capital 
                distributions with respect to the common stock (or 
                equivalent interest) of the person.
            (2) Covered fund.--In this subsection, the term ``covered 
        fund'' means--
                    (A) the Creating Helpful Incentives to Produce 
                Semiconductors (CHIPS) for America Fund;
                    (B) the Creating Helpful Incentives to Produce 
                Semiconductors (CHIPS) for America Defense Fund;
                    (C) the Creating Helpful Incentives to Produce 
                Semiconductors (CHIPS) for America International 
                Technology Security and Innovation Fund; and
                    (D) the Creating Helpful Incentives to Produce 
                Semiconductors (CHIPS) for America Workforce and 
                Education Fund.

SEC. 103. SEMICONDUCTOR INCENTIVES.

    (a) Definitions.--Section 9901 of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry 
National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 
4651) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (2)--
                    (A) by striking ``a private entity, a consortium of 
                private entities, or a consortium of public and private 
                entities'' and inserting ``a nonprofit entity, a 
                private entity, a consortium of private entities, or a 
                consortium of nonprofit, public, and private 
                entities'';
                    (B) by inserting ``production,'' before ``or 
                research and development''; and
                    (C) by striking ``of semiconductors.'' and 
                inserting ``of semiconductors, materials used to 
                manufacture semiconductors, or semiconductor 
                manufacturing equipment.'';
            (2) by redesignating paragraphs (5), (6), (7), (8), and (9) 
        as paragraphs (6), (8), (9), (12), and (13), respectively;
            (3) by inserting after paragraph (4), the following:
            ``(5) The term `critical manufacturing industry'--
                    ``(A) means an industry, industry group, or a set 
                of related industries or related industry groups--
                            ``(i) assigned a North American Industry 
                        Classification System code beginning with 31, 
                        32, or 33; and
                            ``(ii) for which the applicable industry 
                        group or groups in the North American Industry 
                        Classification System code cumulatively--
                                    ``(I) manufacture primary products 
                                and parts, the sum of which account for 
                                not less than 5 percent of the 
                                manufacturing value added by industry 
                                gross domestic product of the United 
                                States; and
                                    ``(II) employ individuals for 
                                primary products and parts 
                                manufacturing activities that, 
                                combined, account for not less than 5 
                                percent of manufacturing employment in 
                                the United States; and
                    ``(B) may include any other manufacturing industry 
                designated by the Secretary based on the relevance of 
                the manufacturing industry to the national and economic 
                security of the United States, including the impacts of 
                job losses.''; and
            (4) by inserting after paragraph (6), as so redesignated, 
        the following:
            ``(7) The term `foreign country of concern' means--
                    ``(A) a country that is a covered nation (as 
                defined in section 4872(d) of title 10 United States 
                Code); and
                    ``(B) any country that the Secretary, in 
                consultation with the Secretary of Defense, the 
                Secretary of State, and the Director of National 
                Intelligence, determines to be engaged in conduct that 
                is detrimental to the national security or foreign 
                policy of the United States.''; and
            (5) by inserting after paragraph (9), as so redesignated, 
        the following:
            ``(10) The term `mature technology node' has the meaning 
        given the term by the Secretary.
            ``(11) The term `nonprofit entity' means an entity 
        described in section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 
        1986 and exempt from taxation under section 501(a) of such 
        Code.''.
    (b) Semiconductor Program.--Section 9902 of the William M. (Mac) 
Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 
U.S.C. 4652) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)(1)--
                    (A) by striking ``for semiconductor fabrication'' 
                and inserting ``for the fabrication'';
                    (B) by inserting ``production,'' before ``or 
                research and development''; and
                    (C) by striking the period at the end and inserting 
                ``of semiconductors, materials used to manufacture 
                semiconductors, or semiconductor manufacturing 
                equipment.''; and
            (2) in subsection (a)(2)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (B)(i), by striking ``; and'' 
                at the end;
                    (B) in subparagraph (B)(ii)--
                            (i) in subclause (III), by striking ``and'' 
                        at the end;
                            (ii) in subclause (IV), by striking the 
                        period at the end and inserting a semicolon; 
                        and
                            (iii) by adding at the end the following:
                                    ``(V) determined--
                                            ``(aa) the type of 
                                        semiconductor technology, 
                                        equipment, materials, or 
                                        research and development the 
                                        covered entity will produce at 
                                        the facility described in 
                                        clause (i); and
                                            ``(bb) the customers, or 
                                        categories of customers, to 
                                        which the covered entity plans 
                                        to sell the semiconductor 
                                        technology, equipment, 
                                        materials, or research and 
                                        development described in item 
                                        (aa); and
                                    ``(VI) documented, to the extent 
                                practicable, workforce needs and 
                                developed a strategy to meet such 
                                workforce needs consistent with the 
                                commitments described in subclauses 
                                (II) and (III);''; and
                    (C) by inserting after subparagraph (B)(ii) the 
                following--
                            ``(iii) with respect to the project 
                        described in clause (i), the covered entity has 
                        an executable plan to identify and mitigate 
                        relevant semiconductor supply chain security 
                        risks, such as risks associated with access, 
                        availability, confidentiality, integrity, and a 
                        lack of geographic diversification in the 
                        covered entity's supply chain; and
                            ``(iv) with respect to any project for the 
                        production, assembly, or packaging of 
                        semiconductors, the covered entity has 
                        implemented policies and procedures to combat 
                        cloning, counterfeiting, and relabeling of 
                        semiconductors, as applicable.'';
                    (D) in subparagraph (C)--
                            (i) in clause (i)--
                                    (I) in subclause (II), by striking 
                                ``is in the interest of the United 
                                States'' and inserting ``is in the 
                                economic and national security 
                                interests of the United States''; and
                                    (II) in subclause (III), by 
                                striking ``and'' at the end;
                            (ii) in clause (ii)(IV), by striking 
                        ``and'' at the end;
                            (iii) by redesignating clause (iii) as 
                        clause (v); and
                            (iv) by inserting after clause (ii) the 
                        following:
                            ``(iii) the Secretary shall consider the 
                        type of semiconductor technology produced by 
                        the covered entity and whether that 
                        semiconductor technology advances the economic 
                        and national security interests of the United 
                        States;
                            ``(iv) the Secretary may not approve an 
                        application, unless the covered entity provides 
                        a plan that does not use Federal financial 
                        assistance to assist efforts to physically 
                        relocate existing facility infrastructure to 
                        another jurisdiction within the United States, 
                        unless the project is in the interest of the 
                        United States; and'';
                    (E) by redesignating subparagraph (D) as 
                subparagraph (E); and
                    (F) by inserting after subparagraph (C) the 
                following:
                    ``(D) Priority.--In awarding Federal financial 
                assistance to covered entities under this subsection, 
                the Secretary shall--
                            ``(i) give priority to ensuring that a 
                        covered entity receiving financial assistance 
                        will--
                                    ``(I) manufacture semiconductors 
                                necessary to address gaps and 
                                vulnerabilities in the domestic supply 
                                chain across a diverse range of 
                                technology and process nodes; and
                                    ``(II) provide a secure supply of 
                                semiconductors necessary for the 
                                national security, manufacturing, 
                                critical infrastructure, and technology 
                                leadership of the United States and 
                                other essential elements of the economy 
                                of the United States; and
                            ``(ii) ensure that the assistance is 
                        awarded to covered entities for both advanced 
                        and mature technology nodes to meet the 
                        priorities described in clause (i).'';
            (3) in subsection (a)(4)(A), by striking ``used for 
        semiconductors'' and inserting ``used for the purposes'';
            (4) in subsection (a)(5)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``major'';
                    (B) in subparagraph (D), by striking ``major''; and
                    (C) in subparagraph (E)(i), by striking ``major'';
            (5) by inserting after subsection (a)(5) the following:
            ``(6) Expansion clawback.--
                    ``(A) Definition of legacy semiconductor.--
                            ``(i) In general.--In this paragraph, the 
                        term `legacy semiconductor'--
                                    ``(I) includes--
                                            ``(aa) a semiconductor 
                                        technology that is of the 28 
                                        nanometer generation or older 
                                        for logic;
                                            ``(bb) with respect to 
                                        memory technology, analog 
                                        technology, packaging 
                                        technology, and any other 
                                        relevant technology, any legacy 
                                        generation of semiconductor 
                                        technology relative to the 
                                        generation described in item 
                                        (aa), as determined by the 
                                        Secretary, in consultation with 
                                        the Secretary of Defense and 
                                        the Director of National 
                                        Intelligence; and
                                            ``(cc) any additional 
                                        semiconductor technology 
                                        identified by the Secretary in 
                                        a public notice issued under 
                                        clause (ii); and
                                    ``(II) does not include a 
                                semiconductor that is critical to 
                                national security, as determined by the 
                                Secretary, in consultation with the 
                                Secretary of Defense and the Director 
                                of National Intelligence.
                            ``(ii) Updates.--Not later than 2 years 
                        after the date of enactment of the CHIPS Act of 
                        2022, and not less frequently than once every 2 
                        years thereafter for the 8-year period after 
                        the last award under this section is made, the 
                        Secretary, after public notice and an 
                        opportunity for comment and if applicable and 
                        necessary, shall issue a public notice 
                        identifying any additional semiconductor 
                        technology included in the meaning of the term 
                        `legacy semiconductor' under clause (i).
                            ``(iii) Functions of the secretary.--The 
                        functions of the Secretary under this paragraph 
                        shall not be subject to sections 551, 553 
                        through 559, and 701 through 706 of title 5, 
                        United States Code.
                            ``(iv) Consultation.--In carrying out 
                        clause (ii), the Secretary shall consult with 
                        the Director of National Intelligence and the 
                        Secretary of Defense.
                            ``(v) Considerations.--In carrying out 
                        clause (ii), the Secretary shall consider--
                                    ``(I) state-of-the-art 
                                semiconductor technologies in the 
                                United States and internationally, 
                                including in foreign countries of 
                                concern; and
                                    ``(II) consistency with export 
                                controls relating to semiconductors.
                    ``(B) Definition of semiconductor manufacturing.--
                In this paragraph, the term `semiconductor 
                manufacturing'--
                            ``(i) has the meaning given the term by the 
                        Secretary, in consultation with the Secretary 
                        of Defense and the Director of National 
                        Intelligence; and
                            ``(ii) includes front-end semiconductor 
                        fabrication.
                    ``(C) Required agreement.--
                            ``(i) In general.--On or before the date on 
                        which the Secretary awards Federal financial 
                        assistance to a covered entity under this 
                        section, the covered entity shall enter into an 
                        agreement with the Secretary specifying that, 
                        during the 10-year period beginning on the date 
                        of the award, subject to clause (ii), the 
                        covered entity may not engage in any 
                        significant transaction, as defined in the 
                        agreement, involving the material expansion of 
                        semiconductor manufacturing capacity in the 
                        People's Republic of China or any other foreign 
                        country of concern.
                            ``(ii) Exceptions.--The prohibition in the 
                        agreement required under clause (i) shall not 
                        apply to--
                                    ``(I) existing facilities or 
                                equipment of a covered entity for 
                                manufacturing legacy semiconductors; or
                                    ``(II) significant transactions 
                                involving the material expansion of 
                                semiconductor manufacturing capacity 
                                that--
                                            ``(aa) produces legacy 
                                        semiconductors; and
                                            ``(bb) predominately serves 
                                        the market of a foreign country 
                                        of concern.
                            ``(iii) Affiliated group.--For the purpose 
                        of applying the requirements in an agreement 
                        required under clause (i), a covered entity 
                        shall include the covered entity receiving 
                        financial assistance under this section, as 
                        well as any member of the covered entity's 
                        affiliated group under section 1504(a) of the 
                        Internal Revenue Code of 1986, without regard 
                        to section 1504(b)(3) of such Code.
                    ``(D) Notification requirements.--During the 
                applicable term of the agreement of a covered entity 
                required under subparagraph (C)(i), the covered entity 
                shall notify the Secretary of any planned significant 
                transactions of the covered entity involving the 
                material expansion of semiconductor manufacturing 
                capacity in the People's Republic of China or any other 
                foreign country of concern.
                    ``(E) Violation of agreement.--
                            ``(i) Notification to covered entities.--
                        Not later than 90 days after the date of 
                        receipt of a notification described in 
                        subparagraph (D) from a covered entity, the 
                        Secretary, in consultation with the Secretary 
                        of Defense and the Director of National 
                        Intelligence, shall--
                                    ``(I) determine whether the 
                                significant transaction described in 
                                the notification would be a violation 
                                of the agreement of the covered entity 
                                required under subparagraph (C)(i); and
                                    ``(II) notify the covered entity of 
                                the Secretary's decision under 
                                subclause (I).
                            ``(ii) Opportunity to remedy.--Upon a 
                        notification under clause (i)(II) that a 
                        planned significant transaction of a covered 
                        entity is a violation of the agreement of the 
                        covered entity required under subparagraph 
                        (C)(i), the Secretary shall--
                                    ``(I) immediately request from the 
                                covered entity tangible proof that the 
                                planned significant transaction has 
                                ceased or been abandoned; and
                                    ``(II) provide the covered entity 
                                45 days to produce and provide to the 
                                Secretary the tangible proof described 
                                in subclause (I).
                            ``(iii) Failure by the covered entity to 
                        cease or remedy the activity.--Subject to 
                        clause (iv), if a covered entity fails to 
                        remedy a violation as set forth under clause 
                        (ii), the Secretary shall recover the full 
                        amount of the Federal financial assistance 
                        provided to the covered entity under this 
                        section.
                            ``(iv) Mitigation.--If the Secretary, in 
                        consultation with the Secretary of Defense and 
                        the Director of National Intelligence, 
                        determines that a covered entity planning a 
                        significant transaction that would violate the 
                        agreement required under subparagraph (C)(i) 
                        could take measures in connection with the 
                        transaction to mitigate any risk to national 
                        security, the Secretary--
                                    ``(I) may negotiate, enter into, 
                                and enforce any agreement or condition 
                                for the mitigation; and,
                                    ``(II) waive the recovery 
                                requirement under clause (iii).
                    ``(F) Submission of records.--
                            ``(i) In general.--The Secretary may 
                        request from a covered entity records and other 
                        necessary information to review the compliance 
                        of the covered entity with the agreement 
                        required under subparagraph (C)(i).
                            ``(ii) Eligibility.--In order to be 
                        eligible for Federal financial assistance under 
                        this section, a covered entity shall agree to 
                        provide records and other necessary information 
                        requested by the Secretary under clause (i).
                    ``(G) Confidentiality of records.--
                            ``(i) In general.--Subject to clause (ii), 
                        any information derived from records or 
                        necessary information disclosed by a covered 
                        entity to the Secretary under this section--
                                    ``(I) shall be exempt from 
                                disclosure under section 552(b)(3) of 
                                title 5, United States Code; and
                                    ``(II) shall not be made public.
                            ``(ii) Exceptions.--Clause (i) shall not 
                        prevent the disclosure of any of the following 
                        by the Secretary:
                                    ``(I) Information relevant to any 
                                administrative or judicial action or 
                                proceeding.
                                    ``(II) Information that a covered 
                                entity has consented to be disclosed to 
                                third parties.
                                    ``(III) Information necessary to 
                                fulfill the requirement of the 
                                congressional notification under 
                                subparagraph (H).
                    ``(H) Congressional notification.--Not later than 
                60 days after the date on which the Secretary finds a 
                violation by a covered entity of an agreement required 
                under subparagraph (C)(i), and after providing the 
                covered entity with an opportunity to provide 
                information in response to that finding, the Secretary 
                shall provide to the appropriate Committees of 
                Congress--
                            ``(i) a notification of the violation;
                            ``(ii) a brief description of how the 
                        Secretary determined the covered entity to be 
                        in violation; and
                            ``(iii) a summary of any actions or planned 
                        actions by the Secretary in response to the 
                        violation.
                    ``(I) Regulations.--The Secretary may issue 
                regulations implementing this paragraph.''; and
            (6) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(d) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that, in 
carrying out subsection (a), the Secretary should allocate funds in a 
manner that--
            ``(1) strengthens the security and resilience of the 
        semiconductor supply chain, including by mitigating gaps and 
        vulnerabilities;
            ``(2) provides a supply of secure semiconductors relevant 
        for national security;
            ``(3) strengthens the leadership of the United States in 
        semiconductor technology;
            ``(4) grows the economy of the United States and supports 
        job creation in the United States;
            ``(5) bolsters the semiconductor and skilled technical 
        workforces in the United States;
            ``(6) promotes the inclusion of economically disadvantaged 
        individuals and small businesses; and
            ``(7) improves the resiliency of the semiconductor supply 
        chains of critical manufacturing industries.
    ``(e) Additional Assistance for Mature Technology Nodes.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall establish within the 
        program established under subsection (a) an additional program 
        that provides Federal financial assistance to covered entities 
        to incentivize investment in facilities and equipment in the 
        United States for the fabrication, assembly, testing, or 
        packaging of semiconductors at mature technology nodes.
            ``(2) Eligibility and requirements.--In order for an entity 
        to qualify to receive Federal financial assistance under this 
        subsection, the covered entity shall agree to--
                    ``(A) submit an application under subsection 
                (a)(2)(A);
                    ``(B) meet the eligibility requirements under 
                subsection (a)(2)(B);
                    ``(C)(i) provide equipment or materials for the 
                fabrication, assembly, testing, or packaging of 
                semiconductors at mature technology nodes in the United 
                States; or
                    ``(ii) fabricate, assemble using packaging, or test 
                semiconductors at mature technology nodes in the United 
                States;
                    ``(D) commit to using any Federal financial 
                assistance received under this section to increase the 
                production of semiconductors at mature technology 
                nodes; and
                    ``(E) be subject to the considerations described in 
                subsection (a)(2)(C).
            ``(3) Procedures.--In granting Federal financial assistance 
        to covered entities under this subsection, the Secretary may 
        use the procedures established under subsection (a).
            ``(4) Considerations.--In addition to the considerations 
        described in subsection (a)(2)(C), in granting Federal 
        financial assistance under this subsection, the Secretary may 
        consider whether a covered entity produces or supplies 
        equipment or materials used in the fabrication, assembly, 
        testing, or packaging of semiconductors at mature technology 
        nodes that are necessary to support a critical manufacturing 
        industry.
            ``(5) Priority.--In awarding Federal financial assistance 
        to covered entities under this subsection, the Secretary shall 
        give priority to covered entities that support the resiliency 
        of semiconductor supply chains for critical manufacturing 
        industries in the United States.
            ``(6) Authorization of appropriations.--There are 
        authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out 
        this subsection $2,000,000,000, which shall remain available 
        until expended.
    ``(f) Construction Projects.--Section 602 of the Public Works and 
Economic Development Act of 1965 (42 U.S.C. 3212) shall apply to a 
construction project that receives financial assistance from the 
Secretary under this section.
    ``(g) Loans and Loan Guarantees.--
            ``(1) In general.--Subject to the requirements of 
        subsection (a) and this subsection, the Secretary may make or 
        guarantee loans to covered entities as financial assistance 
        under this section.
            ``(2) Conditions.--The Secretary may select eligible 
        projects to receive loans or loan guarantees under this 
        subsection if the Secretary determines that--
                    ``(A) the covered entity--
                            ``(i) has a reasonable prospect of repaying 
                        the principal and interest on the loan; and
                            ``(ii) has met such other criteria as may 
                        be established and published by the Secretary; 
                        and
                    ``(B) the amount of the loan (when combined with 
                amounts available to the loan recipient from other 
                sources) will be sufficient to carry out the project.
            ``(3) Reasonable prospect of repayment.--The Secretary 
        shall base a determination of whether there is a reasonable 
        prospect of repayment of the principal and interest on a loan 
        under paragraph (2)(A)(i) on a comprehensive evaluation of 
        whether the covered entity has a reasonable prospect of 
        repaying the principal and interest, including, as applicable, 
        an evaluation of--
                    ``(A) the strength of the contractual terms of the 
                project the covered entity plans to perform (if 
                commercially reasonably available);
                    ``(B) the forecast of noncontractual cash flows 
                supported by market projections from reputable sources, 
                as determined by the Secretary;
                    ``(C) cash sweeps and other structure enhancements;
                    ``(D) the projected financial strength of the 
                covered entity--
                            ``(i) at the time of loan close; and
                            ``(ii) throughout the loan term after the 
                        project is completed;
                    ``(E) the financial strength of the investors and 
                strategic partners of the covered entity, if 
                applicable;
                    ``(F) other financial metrics and analyses that the 
                private lending community and nationally recognized 
                credit rating agencies rely on, as determined 
                appropriate by the Secretary; and
                    ``(G) such other criteria the Secretary may 
                determine relevant.
            ``(4) Rates, terms, and repayments of loans.--A loan 
        provided under this subsection--
                    ``(A) shall have an interest rate that does not 
                exceed a level that the Secretary determines 
                appropriate, taking into account, as of the date on 
                which the loan is made, the cost of funds to the 
                Department of the Treasury for obligations of 
                comparable maturity; and
                    ``(B) shall have a term of not more than 25 years.
            ``(5) Additional terms.--A loan or guarantee provided under 
        this subsection may include any other terms and conditions that 
        the Secretary determines to be appropriate.
            ``(6) Responsible lender.--No loan may be guaranteed under 
        this subsection, unless the Secretary determines that--
                    ``(A) the lender is responsible; and
                    ``(B) adequate provision is made for servicing the 
                loan on reasonable terms and protecting the financial 
                interest of the United States.
            ``(7) Advanced budget authority.--New loans may not be 
        obligated and new loan guarantees may not be committed to under 
        this subsection, unless appropriations of budget authority to 
        cover the costs of such loans and loan guarantees are made in 
        advance in accordance with section 504(b) of the Federal Credit 
        Reform Act of 1990 (2 U.S.C. 661c(b)).
            ``(8) Continued oversight.--The loan agreement for a loan 
        guaranteed under this subsection shall provide that no 
        provision of the loan agreement may be amended of waived 
        without the consent of the Secretary.
    ``(h) Oversight.--Not later than 4 years after disbursement of the 
first financial award under subsection (a), the Inspector General of 
the Department of Commerce shall audit the program under this section 
to assess--
            ``(1) whether the eligibility requirements for covered 
        entities receiving financial assistance under the program are 
        met;
            ``(2) whether eligible entities use the financial 
        assistance received under the program in accordance with the 
        requirements of this section;
            ``(3) whether the covered entities receiving financial 
        assistance under this program have carried out the commitments 
        made to worker and community investment under subsection 
        (a)(2)(B)(ii)(II) by the target date for completion set by the 
        Secretary under subsection (a)(5)(A);
            ``(4) whether the required agreement entered into by 
        covered entities and the Secretary under subsection 
        (a)(6)(C)(i), including the notification process, has been 
        carried out to provide covered entities sufficient guidance 
        about a violation of the required agreement;
            ``(5) whether the Secretary has provided timely 
        Congressional notification about violations of the required 
        agreement under subsection (a)(6)(C)(i), including the required 
        information on how the Secretary reached a determination of 
        whether a covered entity was in violation under subsection 
        (a)(6)(E); and
            ``(6) whether the Secretary has sufficiently reviewed any 
        covered entity engaging in a listed exception under subsection 
        (a)(6)(C)(ii).
    ``(i) Prohibition on Use of Funds.--No funds made available under 
this section may be used to construct, modify, or improve a facility 
outside of the United States.''.
    (c) Advanced Microelectronics Research and Development.--Section 
9906 of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization 
Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 4656) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)(3)(A)(ii)--
                    (A) in subclause (II), by inserting ``, including 
                for technologies based on organic and inorganic 
                materials'' after ``components''; and
                    (B) in subclause (V), by striking ``and supply 
                chain integrity'' and inserting ``supply chain 
                integrity, and workforce development'';
            (2) in subsection (c)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1)--
                            (i) by inserting ``and grow the domestic 
                        semiconductor workforce'' after ``prototyping 
                        of advanced semiconductor technology''; and
                            (ii) by adding at the end the following: 
                        ``The Secretary may make financial assistance 
                        awards, including construction awards, in 
                        support of the national semiconductor 
                        technology center.''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (2)--
                            (i) in subparagraph (B), by inserting ``and 
                        capitalize'' before ``an investment fund''; and
                            (ii) by striking subparagraph (C) and 
                        inserting the following:
                    ``(C) To work with the Secretary of Labor, the 
                Director of the National Science Foundation, the 
                Secretary of Energy, the private sector, institutions 
                of higher education, and workforce training entities to 
                incentivize and expand geographically diverse 
                participation in graduate, undergraduate, and community 
                college programs relevant to microelectronics, 
                including through--
                            ``(i) the development and dissemination of 
                        curricula and research training experiences; 
                        and
                            ``(ii) the development of workforce 
                        training programs and apprenticeships in 
                        advanced microelectronic design, research, 
                        fabrication, and packaging capabilities.'';
            (3) in subsection (d)--
                    (A) by striking ``the Manufacturing USA institute'' 
                and inserting ``a Manufacturing USA institute''; and
                    (B) by adding at the end the following: ``The 
                Director may make financial assistance awards, 
                including construction awards, in support of the 
                National Advanced Packaging Manufacturing Program.'';
            (4) in subsection (f)--
                    (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1)--
                            (i) by striking ``a Manufacturing USA 
                        Institute'' and inserting ``not more than 3 
                        Manufacturing USA Institutes'';
                            (ii) by striking ``is focused on 
                        semiconductor manufacturing.'' and inserting 
                        ``are focused on semiconductor manufacturing. 
                        The Secretary of Commerce may award financial 
                        assistance to any Manufacturing USA Institute 
                        for work relating to semiconductor 
                        manufacturing.''; and
                            (iii) by striking ``Such institute may 
                        emphasize'' and inserting ``Such institutes may 
                        emphasize''; and
            (5) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(h) Construction Projects.--Section 602 of the Public Works and 
Economic Development Act of 1965 (42 U.S.C. 3212) shall apply to a 
construction project that receives financial assistance under this 
section.''.
    (d) Additional Authorities.--Division H of title XCIX of the 
William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for 
Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 4651 et seq.) is amended by adding at the 
end the following:

``SEC. 9909. ADDITIONAL AUTHORITIES.

    ``(a) In General.--In carrying out the responsibilities of the 
Department of Commerce under this division, the Secretary may--
            ``(1) enter into agreements, including contracts, grants 
        and cooperative agreements, and other transactions as may be 
        necessary and on such terms as the Secretary considers 
        appropriate;
            ``(2) make advance payments under agreements and other 
        transactions authorized under paragraph (1) without regard to 
        section 3324 of title 31, United States Code;
            ``(3) require a person or other entity to make payments to 
        the Department of Commerce upon application and as a condition 
        for receiving support through an award of assistance or other 
        transaction;
            ``(4) procure temporary and intermittent services of 
        experts and consultants in accordance with section 3109 of 
        title 5, United States Code;
            ``(5) notwithstanding section 3104 of title 5, United 
        States Code, or the provisions of any other law relating to the 
        appointment, number, classification, or compensation of 
        employees, make appointments of scientific, engineering, and 
        professional personnel, and fix the basic pay of such personnel 
        at a rate to be determined by the Secretary at rates not in 
        excess of the highest total annual compensation payable at the 
        rate determined under section 104 of title 3, United States 
        Code, except that the Secretary shall appoint not more than 25 
        personnel under this paragraph;
            ``(6) with the consent of another Federal agency, enter 
        into an agreement with that Federal agency to use, with or 
        without reimbursement, any service, equipment, personnel, or 
        facility of that Federal agency; and
            ``(7) establish such rules, regulations, and procedures as 
        the Secretary considers appropriate.
    ``(b) Requirement.--Any funds received from a payment made by a 
person or entity pursuant to subsection (a)(3) shall be credited to and 
merged with the account from which support to the person or entity was 
made''.
    (e) Conforming Amendment.--The table of contents for division H of 
title XCIX of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense 
Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public Law 116-283) is amended 
by adding after the item relating to section 9908 the following:

``9909. Additional authorities.''.

SEC. 104. OPPORTUNITY AND INCLUSION.

    (a) Establishment.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Commerce shall establish 
activities in the Department of Commerce, within the program 
established under section 9902 of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry 
National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 
4652), to carry out this section using funds appropriated under this 
Act.
    (b) In General.--The Secretary of Commerce shall assign personnel 
to lead and support the activities carried out under this section, 
including coordination with other workforce development activities of 
the Department of Commerce or of Federal agencies, as defined in 
section 551 of title 5, United States Code, as appropriate.
    (c) Activities.--Personnel assigned by the Secretary to carry out 
the activities under this section shall--
            (1) assess the eligibility of a covered entity, as defined 
        in section 9901 of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National 
        Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 
        4651), for financial assistance for a project with respect to 
        the requirements under subclauses (II) and (III) of section 
        9902(a)(2)(B)(ii) of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National 
        Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 
        4652(a)(2)(B)(ii)(II) and (III));
            (2) ensure that each covered entity, as defined in section 
        9901 of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense 
        Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 4651),that is 
        awarded financial assistance under section 9902 of that Act (15 
        U.S.C. 4652) is carrying out the commitments of the covered 
        entity to economically disadvantaged individuals as described 
        in the application of the covered entity under that section by 
        the target dates for completion established by the Secretary of 
        Commerce under subsection(a)(5)(A) of that section; and
            (3) increase participation of and outreach to economically 
        disadvantaged individuals, minority-owned businesses, veteran-
        owned businesses, and women-owned businesses, as defined by the 
        Secretary of Commerce, respectively, in the geographic area of 
        a project under section 9902 of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry 
        National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 
        U.S.C. 4652) and serve as a resource for those individuals, 
        businesses, and covered entities.
    (d) Staff.--The activities under this section shall be staffed at 
the appropriate levels to carry out the functions and responsibilities 
under this section until 95 percent of the amounts of funds made 
available for the program established under section 9902 of the William 
M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 
2021 (15 U.S.C. 4652) have been expended.
    (e) Report.--Beginning on the date that is 1 year after the date on 
which the Secretary of Commerce establishes the activities described in 
subsection (c), the Secretary of Commerce shall submit to the 
appropriate committees of Congress, as defined in section 9901(1) of 
the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for 
Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 4651), and make publicly available on the 
website of the Department of Commerce an annual report regarding the 
actions taken by the Department of Commerce under this section.

SEC. 105. ADDITIONAL GAO REPORTING REQUIREMENTS.

    (a) NDAA.--Section 9902(c) of William M. (Mac) Thornberry National 
Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 4652(c)) is 
amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (B)--
                            (i) in clause (i), by striking ``; and'' 
                        and inserting a semicolon; and
                            (ii) by adding at the end the following:
                            ``(iii) the Federal Government could take 
                        specific actions to address shortages in the 
                        semiconductor supply chain, including--
                                    ``(I) demand-side incentives, 
                                including incentives related to the 
                                information and communications 
                                technology supply chain; and
                                    ``(II) additional incentives, at 
                                national and global scales, to 
                                accelerate utilization of leading-edge 
                                semiconductor nodes to address 
                                shortages in mature semiconductor 
                                nodes; and''; and
                    (B) in subparagraph (C)--
                            (i) in clause (iii), by striking ``; and'' 
                        and inserting a semicolon; and
                            (ii) by inserting after clause (iv) the 
                        following:
                            ``(v) how projects are supporting the 
                        semiconductor needs of critical infrastructure 
                        industries in the United States, including 
                        those industries designated by the 
                        Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security 
                        Agency as essential infrastructure industries; 
                        and''; and
            (2) by inserting after paragraph (1)(C)(iv) the following:
                    ``(D) drawing on data made available by the 
                Department of Labor or other sources, to the extent 
                practicable, an analysis of--
                            ``(i) semiconductor industry data regarding 
                        businesses that are--
                                    ``(I) majority owned and controlled 
                                by minority individuals;
                                    ``(II) majority owned and 
                                controlled by women; or
                                    ``(III) majority owned and 
                                controlled by both women and minority 
                                individuals;
                            ``(ii) the number and amount of contracts 
                        and subcontracts awarded by each covered entity 
                        using funds made available under subsection (a) 
                        disaggregated by recipients of each such 
                        contract or subcontracts that are majority 
                        owned and controlled by minority individuals 
                        and majority owned and controlled by women; and
                            ``(iii) aggregated workforce data, 
                        including data by race or ethnicity, sex, and 
                        job categories.''.
    (b) Department of Defense.--Section 9202(a)(1)(G)(ii)(I) of the 
William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for 
Fiscal Year 2021 (47 U.S.C. 906(a)(1)(G)(ii)(I)) is amended by 
inserting ``(including whether recipients are majority owned and 
controlled by minority individuals and majority owned and controlled by 
women)'' after ``to whom''.

SEC. 106. APPROPRIATIONS FOR WIRELESS SUPPLY CHAIN INNOVATION.

    (a) Direct Appropriations.--In addition to amounts otherwise 
available for such purposes, there is appropriated to the Public 
Wireless Supply Chain Innovation Fund established under section 
9202(a)(1) of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense 
Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 4652(a)(1)), out of 
amounts in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated--
            (1) $150,000,000 for fiscal year 2022, to remain available 
        until September 30, 2031; and
            (2) $1,350,000,000 for fiscal year 2023, to remain 
        available until September 30, 2032.
    (b) Use of Funds, Administration, and Oversight.--Of the amounts 
made available under subsection (a)--
            (1) not more than 5 percent of the amounts allocated 
        pursuant to subsection (c) in a given fiscal year may be used 
        by the Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Communications and 
        Information to administer the programs funded from the Public 
        Wireless Supply Chain Innovation Fund; and
            (2) not less than $2,000,000 per fiscal year shall be 
        transferred to the Office of Inspector General of the 
        Department of Commerce for oversight related to activities 
        conducted using amounts provided under this section.
    (c) Allocation Authority.--
            (1) Submission of cost estimates.--The President shall 
        submit to Congress detailed account, program, and project 
        allocations of the amount recommended for allocation in a 
        fiscal year from amounts made available under subsection (a)--
                    (A) for fiscal years 2022 and 2023, not later than 
                60 days after the date of enactment of this Act; and
                    (B) for each subsequent fiscal year through 2032, 
                as part of the annual budget submission of the 
                President under section 1105(a) of title 31, United 
                States Code.
            (2) Alternate allocation.--
                    (A) In general.--The Committees on Appropriations 
                of the House of Representatives and the Senate may 
                provide for alternate allocation of amounts recommended 
                for allocation in a given fiscal year from amounts made 
                available under subsection (a), including by account, 
                program, and project.
                    (B) Allocation by president.--
                            (i) No alternate allocations.--If Congress 
                        has not enacted legislation establishing 
                        alternate allocations, including by account, 
                        program, and project, by the date on which the 
                        Act making full-year appropriations for the 
                        Departments of Commerce and Justice, Science, 
                        and Related Agencies for the applicable fiscal 
                        year is enacted into law, only then shall 
                        amounts recommended for allocation for that 
                        fiscal year from amounts made available under 
                        subsection (a) be allocated by the President or 
                        apportioned or allotted by account, program, 
                        and project pursuant to title 31, United States 
                        Code.
                            (ii) Insufficient alternate allocation.--If 
                        Congress enacts legislation establishing 
                        alternate allocations, including by account, 
                        program, and project, for amounts recommended 
                        for allocation in a given fiscal year from 
                        amounts made available under subsection (a) 
                        that are less than the full amount recommended 
                        for allocation for that fiscal year, the 
                        difference between the amount recommended for 
                        allocation and the alternate allocation shall 
                        be allocated by the President and apportioned 
                        and allotted by account, program, and project 
                        pursuant to title 31, United States Code.
    (d) Sequestration.--Section 255(g)(1)(A) of the Balanced Budget and 
Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985 (2 U.S.C. 905(g)(1)(A)) is 
amended by inserting after ``Postal Service Fund (18-4020-0-3-372).'' 
the following:
                            ``Public Wireless Supply Chain Innovation 
                        Fund.''.
    (e) Budgetary Effects.--
            (1) Statutory paygo scorecards.--The budgetary effects of 
        this section shall not be entered on either PAYGO scorecard 
        maintained pursuant to section 4(d) of the Statutory Pay-As-
        You-Go Act of 2010.
            (2) Senate paygo scorecards.--The budgetary effects of this 
        section shall not be entered on any PAYGO scorecard maintained 
        for purposes of section 4106 of H. Con. Res. 71 (115th 
        Congress).
            (3) Classification of budgetary effects.--Notwithstanding 
        Rule 3 of the Budget Scorekeeping Guidelines set forth in the 
        joint explanatory statement of the committee of conference 
        accompanying Conference Report 105-217 and section 250(c)(8) of 
        the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985, 
        the budgetary effects of this section shall not be estimated--
                    (A) for purposes of section 251 of such Act;
                    (B) for purposes of an allocation to the Committee 
                on Appropriations pursuant to section 302(a) of the 
                Congressional Budget Act of 1974; and
                    (C) for purposes of paragraph (4)(C) of section 3 
                of the Statutory Pay-As-You-Go Act of 2010 as being 
                included in an appropriation Act.

SEC. 107. ADVANCED MANUFACTURING INVESTMENT CREDIT.

    (a) In General.--Subpart E of part IV of subchapter A of chapter 1 
of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by inserting after 
section 48C the following new section:

``SEC. 48D. ADVANCED MANUFACTURING INVESTMENT CREDIT.

    ``(a) Establishment of Credit.--For purposes of section 46, the 
advanced manufacturing investment credit for any taxable year is an 
amount equal to 25 percent of the qualified investment for such taxable 
year with respect to any advanced manufacturing facility of an eligible 
taxpayer.
    ``(b) Qualified Investment.--
            ``(1) In general.--For purposes of subsection (a), the 
        qualified investment with respect to any advanced manufacturing 
        facility for any taxable year is the basis of any qualified 
        property placed in service by the taxpayer during such taxable 
        year which is part of an advanced manufacturing facility.
            ``(2) Qualified property.--
                    ``(A) In general.--For purposes of this subsection, 
                the term `qualified property' means property--
                            ``(i) which is tangible property,
                            ``(ii) with respect to which depreciation 
                        (or amortization in lieu of depreciation) is 
                        allowable,
                            ``(iii) which is--
                                    ``(I) constructed, reconstructed, 
                                or erected by the taxpayer, or
                                    ``(II) acquired by the taxpayer if 
                                the original use of such property 
                                commences with the taxpayer, and
                            ``(iv) which is integral to the operation 
                        of the advanced manufacturing facility.
                    ``(B) Buildings and structural components.--
                            ``(i) In general.--The term `qualified 
                        property' includes any building or its 
                        structural components which otherwise satisfy 
                        the requirements under subparagraph (A).
                            ``(ii) Exception.--Clause (i) shall not 
                        apply with respect to a building or portion of 
                        a building used for offices, administrative 
                        services, or other functions unrelated to 
                        manufacturing.
            ``(3) Advanced manufacturing facility.--For purposes of 
        this section, the term `advanced manufacturing facility' means 
        a facility for which the primary purpose is the manufacturing 
        of semiconductors or semiconductor manufacturing equipment.
            ``(4) Coordination with rehabilitation credit.--The 
        qualified investment with respect to any advanced manufacturing 
        facility for any taxable year shall not include that portion of 
        the basis of any property which is attributable to qualified 
        rehabilitation expenditures (as defined in section 47(c)(2)).
            ``(5) Certain progress expenditure rules made applicable.--
        Rules similar to the rules of subsections (c)(4) and (d) of 
        section 46 (as in effect on the day before the date of the 
        enactment of the Revenue Reconciliation Act of 1990) shall 
        apply for purposes of subsection (a).
    ``(c) Eligible Taxpayer.--For purposes of this section, the term 
`eligible taxpayer' means any taxpayer which--
            ``(1) is not a foreign entity of concern (as defined in 
        section 9901(6) of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National 
        Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021), and
            ``(2) has not made an applicable transaction (as defined in 
        section 50(a)) during the taxable year.
    ``(d) Elective Payment.--
            ``(1) In general.--Except as otherwise provided in 
        paragraph (2)(A), in the case of a taxpayer making an election 
        (at such time and in such manner as the Secretary may provide) 
        under this subsection with respect to the credit determined 
        under subsection (a) with respect to such taxpayer, such 
        taxpayer shall be treated as making a payment against the tax 
        imposed by subtitle A (for the taxable year with respect to 
        which such credit was determined) equal to the amount of such 
        credit.
            ``(2) Special rules.--For purposes of this subsection--
                    ``(A) Application to partnerships and s 
                corporations.--
                            ``(i) In general.--In the case of the 
                        credit determined under subsection (a) with 
                        respect to any property held directly by a 
                        partnership or S corporation, any election 
                        under paragraph (1) shall be made by such 
                        partnership or S corporation. If such 
                        partnership or S corporation makes an election 
                        under such paragraph (in such manner as the 
                        Secretary may provide) with respect to such 
                        credit--
                                    ``(I) the Secretary shall make a 
                                payment to such partnership or S 
                                corporation equal to the amount of such 
                                credit,
                                    ``(II) paragraph (3) shall be 
                                applied with respect to such credit 
                                before determining any partner's 
                                distributive share, or shareholder's 
                                pro rata share, of such credit,
                                    ``(III) any amount with respect to 
                                which the election in paragraph (1) is 
                                made shall be treated as tax exempt 
                                income for purposes of sections 705 and 
                                1366, and
                                    ``(IV) a partner's distributive 
                                share of such tax exempt income shall 
                                be based on such partner's distributive 
                                share of the otherwise applicable 
                                credit for each taxable year.
                            ``(ii) Coordination with application at 
                        partner or shareholder level.--In the case of 
                        any property held directly by a partnership or 
                        S corporation, no election by any partner or 
                        shareholder shall be allowed under paragraph 
                        (1) with respect to any credit determined under 
                        subsection (a) with respect to such property.
                    ``(B) Elections.--Any election under paragraph (1) 
                shall be made not later than the due date (including 
                extensions of time) for the return of tax for the 
                taxable year for which the election is made, but in no 
                event earlier than 270 days after the date of the 
                enactment of this section. Any such election, once 
                made, shall be irrevocable. Except as otherwise 
                provided in this subparagraph, any election under 
                paragraph (1) shall apply with respect to any credit 
                for the taxable year for which the election is made.
                    ``(C) Timing.--The payment described in paragraph 
                (1) shall be treated as made on the later of the due 
                date (determined without regard to extensions) of the 
                return of tax for the taxable year or the date on which 
                such return is filed.
                    ``(D) Treatment of payments to partnerships and s 
                corporations.--For purposes of section 1324 of title 
                31, United States Code, the payments under subparagraph 
                (A)(i)(I) shall be treated in the same manner as a 
                refund due from a credit provision referred to in 
                subsection (b)(2) of such section.
                    ``(E) Additional information.--As a condition of, 
                and prior to, any amount being treated as a payment 
                which is made by the taxpayer under paragraph (1) or 
                any payment being made pursuant to subparagraph (A), 
                the Secretary may require such information or 
                registration as the Secretary deems necessary or 
                appropriate for purposes of preventing duplication, 
                fraud, improper payments, or excessive payments under 
                this section.
                    ``(F) Excessive payment.--
                            ``(i) In general.--In the case of any 
                        amount treated as a payment which is made by 
                        the taxpayer under paragraph (1), or any 
                        payment made pursuant to subparagraph (A), 
                        which the Secretary determines constitutes an 
                        excessive payment, the tax imposed on such 
                        taxpayer by chapter 1 for the taxable year in 
                        which such determination is made shall be 
                        increased by an amount equal to the sum of--
                                    ``(I) the amount of such excessive 
                                payment, plus
                                    ``(II) an amount equal to 20 
                                percent of such excessive payment.
                            ``(ii) Reasonable cause.--Clause (i)(II) 
                        shall not apply if the taxpayer demonstrates to 
                        the satisfaction of the Secretary that the 
                        excessive payment resulted from reasonable 
                        cause.
                            ``(iii) Excessive payment defined.--For 
                        purposes of this subparagraph, the term 
                        `excessive payment' means, with respect to 
                        property for which an election is made under 
                        this subsection for any taxable year, an amount 
                        equal to the excess of--
                                    ``(I) the amount treated as a 
                                payment which is made by the taxpayer 
                                under paragraph (1), or the amount of 
                                the payment made pursuant to 
                                subparagraph (A), with respect to such 
                                property for such taxable year, over
                                    ``(II) the amount of the credit 
                                which, without application of this 
                                subsection, would be otherwise 
                                allowable (determined without regard to 
                                section 38(c)) under subsection (a) 
                                with respect to such property for such 
                                taxable year.
            ``(3) Denial of double benefit.--In the case of a taxpayer 
        making an election under this subsection with respect to the 
        credit determined under subsection (a), such credit shall be 
        reduced to zero and shall, for any other purposes under this 
        title, be deemed to have been allowed to the taxpayer for such 
        taxable year.
            ``(4) Mirror code possessions.--In the case of any 
        possession of the United States with a mirror code tax system 
        (as defined in section 24(k)), this subsection shall not be 
        treated as part of the income tax laws of the United States for 
        purposes of determining the income tax law of such possession 
        unless such possession elects to have this subsection be so 
        treated.
            ``(5) Basis reduction and recapture.--Rules similar to the 
        rules of subsections (a) and (c) of section 50 shall apply with 
        respect to--
                    ``(A) any amount treated as a payment which is made 
                by the taxpayer under paragraph (1), and
                    ``(B) any payment made pursuant to paragraph 
                (2)(A).
            ``(6) Regulations.--The Secretary shall issue such 
        regulations or other guidance as may be necessary or 
        appropriate to carry out the purposes of this subsection, 
        including--
                    ``(A) regulations or other guidance providing rules 
                for determining a partner's distributive share of the 
                tax exempt income described in paragraph 
                (2)(A)(i)(III), and
                    ``(B) guidance to ensure that the amount of the 
                payment or deemed payment made under this subsection is 
                commensurate with the amount of the credit that would 
                be otherwise allowable (determined without regard to 
                section 38(c)).
    ``(e) Termination of Credit.--The credit allowed under this section 
shall not apply to property the construction of which begins after 
December 31, 2026.''.
    (b) Recapture in Connection With Certain Expansions.--
            (1) In general.--Section 50(a) of the Internal Revenue Code 
        of 1986 is amended redesignating paragraphs (3) through (5) as 
        paragraphs (4) through (6), respectively, and by inserting 
        after paragraph (2) the following new paragraph:
            ``(3) Certain expansions in connection with advanced 
        manufacturing facilities.--
                    ``(A) In general.--If there is a an applicable 
                transaction by an applicable taxpayer before the close 
                of the 10-year period beginning on the date such 
                taxpayer placed in service investment credit property 
                which is eligible for the advanced manufacturing 
                investment credit under section 48D(a), then the tax 
                under this chapter for the taxable year in which such 
                transaction occurs shall be increased by 100 percent of 
                the aggregate decrease in the credits allowed under 
                section 38 for all prior taxable years which would have 
                resulted solely from reducing to zero any credit 
                determined under section 46 which is attributable to 
                the advanced manufacturing investment credit under 
                section 48D(a) with respect to such property.
                    ``(B) Exception.--Subparagraph (A) shall not apply 
                if the applicable taxpayer demonstrates to the 
                satisfaction of the Secretary that the applicable 
                transaction has been ceased or abandoned within 45 days 
                of a determination and notice by the Secretary.
                    ``(C) Regulations and guidance.--The Secretary 
                shall issue such regulations or other guidance as the 
                Secretary determines necessary or appropriate to carry 
                out the purposes of this paragraph, including 
                regulations or other guidance which provide for 
                requirements for recordkeeping or information reporting 
                for purposes of administering the requirements of this 
                paragraph.''.
            (2) Applicable transaction; applicable taxpayer.--Section 
        50(a)(6) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as redesignated 
        by paragraph (1), is amended adding at the end the following 
        new subparagraphs:
                    ``(D) Applicable transaction.--For purposes of this 
                subsection--
                            ``(i) In general.--The term `applicable 
                        transaction' means, with respect to any 
                        applicable taxpayer, any significant 
                        transaction (as determined by the Secretary, in 
                        coordination with the Secretary of Commerce and 
                        the Secretary of Defense) involving the 
                        material expansion of semiconductor 
                        manufacturing capacity of such applicable 
                        taxpayer in the People's Republic of China or a 
                        foreign country of concern (as defined in 
                        section 9901(7) of the William M. (Mac) 
                        Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act 
                        for Fiscal Year 2021).
                            ``(ii) Exception.--Such term shall not 
                        include a transaction which primarily involves 
                        the expansion of manufacturing capacity for 
                        legacy semiconductors (as defined in section 
                        9902(a)(6) of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry 
                        National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal 
                        Year 2021).
                    ``(E) Applicable taxpayer.--For purposes of this 
                subsection, the term `applicable taxpayer' means any 
                taxpayer who has been allowed a credit under section 
                48D(a) for any prior taxable year.''.
            (3) Conforming amendments.--
                    (A) Section 50(a)(4) of the Internal Revenue Code 
                of 1986, as redesignated by paragraph (1), is amended--
                            (i) by inserting ``, or any applicable 
                        transaction to which paragraph (3)(A) applies'' 
                        after ``paragraphs (1) and (2)'', and
                            (ii) by inserting ``or applicable 
                        transaction'' after ``such cessation''.
                    (B) Section 50(a)(6)(C) of such Code, as 
                redesignated by paragraph (1), is amended by striking 
                ``paragraph (1) or (2)'' and inserting ``paragraph (1), 
                (2), or (3)''.
                    (C) Section 1371(d)(1) of such Code is amended by 
                striking ``section 50(a)(4)'' and inserting ``section 
                50(a)(5)''.
    (c) Exemption of Elective Payments From Sequestration.--Subsection 
(d) of section 255 of the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control 
Act of 1985 (2 U.S.C. 905) is amended to read as follows:
    ``(d) Refundable Income Tax Credits and Certain Elective 
Payments.--
            ``(1) Refundable income tax credits.--Payments to 
        individuals made pursuant to provisions of the Internal Revenue 
        Code of 1986 establishing refundable tax credits shall be 
        exempt from reduction under any order issued under this part.
            ``(2) Certain elective payments.--Payments made to 
        taxpayers pursuant to elections under subsection (d) of section 
        48D of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, or amounts treated as 
        payments which are made by taxpayers under paragraph (1) of 
        such subsection, shall be exempt from reduction under any order 
        issued under this part.''.
    (d) Conforming Amendments.--
            (1) Paragraph (6) of section 46 of the Internal Revenue 
        Code of 1986 is amended to read as follows:
            ``(6) the advanced manufacturing investment credit.''.
            (2) Section 49(a)(1)(C) of such Code is amended--
                    (A) by striking ``and'' at the end of clause (iv),
                    (B) by striking the period at the end of clause (v) 
                and inserting ``, and'', and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following new clause:
                            ``(vi) the basis of any qualified property 
                        (as defined in subsection (b)(2) of section 
                        48D) which is part of an advanced manufacturing 
                        facility (as defined in subsection (b)(3) of 
                        such section).''.
            (3) Section 50(a)(2)(E) of such Code is amended by striking 
        ``or 48C(b)(2)'' and inserting ``48C(b)(2), or 48D(b)(5)''.
            (4) The table of sections for subpart E of part IV of 
        subchapter A of chapter 1 of such Code is amended by inserting 
        after the item relating to section 48C the following new item:

``Sec. 48D. Advanced manufacturing investment credit.''.
    (e) Budgetary Effects.--
            (1) Statutory paygo scorecards.--The budgetary effects of 
        this section shall not be entered on either PAYGO scorecard 
        maintained pursuant to section 4(d) of the Statutory Pay-As-
        You-Go Act of 2010 (2 U.S.C. 933(d)).
            (2) Senate paygo scorecards.--The budgetary effects of this 
        section shall not be entered on any PAYGO scorecard maintained 
        for purposes of section 4106 of H. Con. Res. 71 (115th 
        Congress).
            (3) Classification of budgetary effects.--Notwithstanding 
        Rule 3 of the Budget Scorekeeping Guidelines set forth in the 
        joint explanatory statement of the committee of conference 
        accompanying Conference Report 105-217 and section 250(c)(8) of 
        the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985, 
        the budgetary effects of this section shall not be estimated--
                    (A) for purposes of section 251 of such Act;
                    (B) for purposes of an allocation to the Committee 
                on Appropriations pursuant to section 302(a) of the 
                Congressional Budget Act of 1974; and
                    (C) for purposes of paragraph (4)(C) of section 3 
                of the Statutory Pay-As-You-Go Act of 2010 as being 
                included in an appropriation Act.
    (f) Effective Date.--
            (1) In general.--Except as provided in paragraph (2), the 
        amendments made by this section shall apply to property placed 
        in service after December 31, 2022, and, for any property the 
        construction of which begins prior to January 1, 2023, only to 
        the extent of the basis thereof attributable to the 
        construction, reconstruction, or erection after the date of 
        enactment of this Act.
            (2) Exemption of elective payments from sequestration.--The 
        amendment made by subsection (c) shall apply to any 
        sequestration order issued under the Balanced Budget and 
        Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985 (2 U.S.C. 900 et seq.) on 
        or after December 31, 2022.

                  DIVISION B--RESEARCH AND INNOVATION

SEC. 10000. TABLE OF CONTENTS.

    The table of contents for this division is as follows:

                  DIVISION B--RESEARCH AND INNOVATION

Sec. 10000. Table of contents.
Sec. 10001. Short title.
Sec. 10002. Definitions.
Sec. 10003. Budgetary effects.

          TITLE I--DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY SCIENCE FOR THE FUTURE

Sec. 10101. Mission of the Office of Science.
Sec. 10102. Basic energy sciences program.
Sec. 10103. Biological and environmental research.
Sec. 10104. Advanced scientific computing research program.
Sec. 10105. Fusion energy research.
Sec. 10106. High energy physics program.
Sec. 10107. Nuclear physics program.
Sec. 10108. Science laboratories infrastructure program.
Sec. 10109. Accelerator research and development.
Sec. 10110. Isotope research, development, and production.
Sec. 10111. Increased collaboration with teachers and scientists.
Sec. 10112. High intensity laser research initiative; helium 
                            conservation program; Office of Science 
                            emerging biological threat preparedness 
                            research initiative; midscale 
                            instrumentation and research equipment 
                            program; authorization of appropriations.
Sec. 10113. Established program to stimulate competitive research.
Sec. 10114. Research security.

TITLE II--NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY FOR THE FUTURE

Sec. 10201. Definitions.

              Subtitle A--Authorization of Appropriations

Sec. 10211. Authorization of appropriations.

                    Subtitle B--Measurement Research

Sec. 10221. Engineering biology and biometrology.
Sec. 10222. Greenhouse gas measurement research.
Sec. 10223. NIST authority for cybersecurity and privacy activities.
Sec. 10224. Software security and authentication.
Sec. 10225. Digital identity management research.
Sec. 10226. Biometrics research and testing.
Sec. 10227. Federal biometric performance standards.
Sec. 10228. Protecting research from cybersecurity theft.
Sec. 10229. Dissemination of resources for research institutions.
Sec. 10230. Advanced communications research.
Sec. 10231. Neutron scattering.
Sec. 10232. Artificial intelligence.
Sec. 10233. Sustainable chemistry research and education.
Sec. 10234. Premise plumbing research.
Sec. 10235. Dr. David Satcher Cybersecurity Education Grant Program.

                     Subtitle C--General Activities

Sec. 10241. Educational outreach and support for underrepresented 
                            communities.
Sec. 10242. Other transactions authority.
Sec. 10243. Report to Congress on collaborations with government 
                            agencies.
Sec. 10244. Hiring critical technical experts.
Sec. 10245. International standards development.
Sec. 10246. Standard technical update.
Sec. 10247. GAO study of NIST research security policies and protocols.
Sec. 10248. Standards development organization grants.

        Subtitle D--Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership

Sec. 10251. Establishment of expansion awards pilot program as a part 
                            of the Hollings Manufacturing Extension 
                            Partnership.
Sec. 10252. Update to Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership.
Sec. 10253. National Supply Chain Database.
Sec. 10254. Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership activities.
Sec. 10255. Amendment to the Hollings Manufacturing Extension 
                            Partnership relating to institutions of 
                            higher education.

                 Subtitle E--Manufacturing USA Program

Sec. 10261. Supporting geographic diversity.
Sec. 10262. Expanding opportunities through the Manufacturing USA 
                            Program.
Sec. 10263. Promoting domestic production of technologies developed 
                            under Manufacturing USA Program.

         TITLE III--NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION FOR THE FUTURE

                    Subtitle A--Preliminary Matters

Sec. 10301. Sense of Congress.
Sec. 10302. Definitions.
Sec. 10303. Authorization of appropriations.

                       Subtitle B--STEM Education

Sec. 10311. PreK-12 STEM education.
Sec. 10312. Undergraduate STEM education.
Sec. 10313. Graduate STEM education.
Sec. 10314. STEM workforce data.
Sec. 10315. Cyber workforce development research and development.
Sec. 10316. Federal cyber scholarship-for-service program.
Sec. 10317. Cybersecurity workforce data initiative.
Sec. 10318. Microelectronics workforce development activities.
Sec. 10319. Incorporation of art and design into certain STEM 
                            education.
Sec. 10320. Mandatory cost-sharing.
Sec. 10321. Programs to address the STEM workforce.

                  Subtitle C--Broadening Participation

Sec. 10321. Presidential awards for excellence in mathematics and 
                            science.
Sec. 10322. Robert Noyce Teacher Scholarship program update.
Sec. 10323. NSF Eddie Bernice Johnson INCLUDES Initiative.
Sec. 10324. Broadening participation on major facilities awards.
Sec. 10325. Expanding geographic and institutional diversity in 
                            research.
Sec. 10326. Diversity in tech research.
Sec. 10327. Chief Diversity Officer of the NSF.
Sec. 10328. Research and dissemination to increase the participation of 
                            women and underrepresented minorities in 
                            STEM fields.
Sec. 10329. Activities to expand STEM opportunities.
Sec. 10330. Intramural emerging research institutions pilot program.

                   Subtitle D--NSF Research Security

Sec. 10331. Office of Research Security and Policy.
Sec. 10332. Chief of Research Security.
Sec. 10333. Reporting to Congress.
Sec. 10334. Online resource.
Sec. 10335. Research awards.
Sec. 10336. Authorities.
Sec. 10337. Responsible conduct in research training.
Sec. 10338. Research security and integrity information sharing 
                            analysis organization.
Sec. 10339. Plan with respect to controlled information and background 
                            screening.
Sec. 10339A. Foundation funding to institutions hosting or supporting 
                            Confucius Institutes.
Sec. 10339B. Foreign financial support.
Sec. 10339C. Authorization of appropriations.

                    Subtitle E--Fundamental Research

Sec. 10341. Broader impacts.
Sec. 10342. Sense of Congress.
Sec. 10343. Research ethics.
Sec. 10344. Research reproducibility and replicability.
Sec. 10345. Climate change research.
Sec. 10346. Social, behavioral, and economic sciences.
Sec. 10347. Measuring impacts of Federally funded research and 
                            development.
Sec. 10348. Food-energy-water research.
Sec. 10349. Biological Field Stations and Marine Laboratories.
Sec. 10350. Sustainable chemistry research and education.
Sec. 10351. Risk and resilience research.
Sec. 10352. Unmanned aircraft systems technologies.
Sec. 10353. Accelerating unmanned maritime systems technologies.
Sec. 10354. Leveraging international expertise in research.
Sec. 10355. Biological research collections.
Sec. 10356. Clean water research and technology acceleration.
Sec. 10357. Technology and behavioral science research.
Sec. 10358. Manufacturing research amendment.
Sec. 10359. Critical minerals mining research and development.
Sec. 10360. Study of AI research capacity.
Sec. 10361. Advancing IoT for Precision Agriculture Capabilities Act.
Sec. 10362. Astronomy and satellite constellations.
Sec. 10363. Research on the impact of inflation.
Sec. 10364. Microgravity utilization policy.
Sec. 10365. Recognition of the Arecibo Observatory.

                  Subtitle F--Research Infrastructure

Sec. 10371. Facility operation and maintenance.
Sec. 10372. Reviews.
Sec. 10373. Helium conservation.
Sec. 10374. Advanced computing.
Sec. 10375. National secure data service.

  Subtitle G--Directorate for Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships

Sec. 10381. Establishment.
Sec. 10382. Purposes.
Sec. 10383. Activities.
Sec. 10384. Requirements.
Sec. 10385. Assistant Director.
Sec. 10386. Advisory committee.
Sec. 10387. Challenges and focus areas.
Sec. 10388. Regional Innovation Engines.
Sec. 10389. Translation accelerator.
Sec. 10390. Test beds.
Sec. 10391. Planning and capacity building awards.
Sec. 10392. Entrepreneurial fellowships.
Sec. 10393. Scholarships and fellowships.
Sec. 10394. Research and development awards.
Sec. 10395. Scaling innovations in PreK-12 STEM education.
Sec. 10396. Authorities.
Sec. 10397. Coordination of activities.
Sec. 10398. Ethical, legal, and societal considerations.
Sec. 10399. Reports and roadmaps.
Sec. 10399A. Evaluation.

                 Subtitle H--Administrative Amendments

Sec. 10399D. Supporting veterans in STEM careers.
Sec. 10399E. Sunshine Act compliance.
Sec. 10399F. Science and engineering indicators report submission.

             TITLE IV--BIOECONOMY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

Sec. 10401. Definitions.
Sec. 10402. National engineering biology research and development 
                            initiative.
Sec. 10403. Initiative coordination.
Sec. 10404. Advisory committee on engineering biology research and 
                            development.
Sec. 10405. External review of ethical, legal, environmental, safety, 
                            security, and societal issues.
Sec. 10406. Agency activities.
Sec. 10407. Rule of construction.

              TITLE V--BROADENING PARTICIPATION IN SCIENCE

                     Subtitle A--STEM Opportunities

Sec. 10501. Federal research agency policies for caregivers.
Sec. 10502. Collection and reporting of data on federal research 
                            awards.
Sec. 10503. Policies for review of Federal research awards.
Sec. 10504. Collection of data on demographics of faculty.
Sec. 10505. Cultural and institutional barriers to expanding the 
                            academic and Federal STEM workforce.
Sec. 10506. Existing activities.
Sec. 10507. Report to Congress.
Sec. 10508. Merit review.
Sec. 10509. Determination of budgetary effects.
Sec. 10510. Definition.

               Subtitle B--Rural STEM Education Research

Sec. 10511. Definition.
Sec. 10512. National Science Foundation rural STEM activities.
Sec. 10513. Opportunities for online education.
Sec. 10514. National Academies evaluation.
Sec. 10515. GAO review.
Sec. 10516. NIST engagement with rural communities.

                    Subtitle C--MSI STEM Achievement

Sec. 10521. GAO review.
Sec. 10522. Agency responsibilities.
Sec. 10523. Research at the National Science Foundation.
Sec. 10524. Capacity-building program for developing universities.
Sec. 10525. Tribal Colleges and Universities program.
Sec. 10526. Definitions.

           Subtitle D--Combating Sexual Harassment in Science

Sec. 10531. Findings.
Sec. 10532. Purpose.
Sec. 10533. Definition.
Sec. 10534. Research awards.
Sec. 10535. Responsible Conduct Guide.
Sec. 10536. Interagency working group.
Sec. 10537. National Academies assessment.
Sec. 10538. GAO study.
Sec. 10539. Authorization of appropriations.

       TITLE VI--MISCELLANEOUS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY PROVISIONS

            Subtitle A--Supporting Early-career Researchers

Sec. 10601. Early-career research fellowship program.
Sec. 10602. Authorization of appropriations.

          Subtitle B--National Science and Technology Strategy

Sec. 10611. National science and technology strategy.
Sec. 10612. Strategy and report on the Nation's economic security, 
                            science, research, and innovation to 
                            support the national security strategy.
Sec. 10613. Quadrennial science and technology review.

                    Subtitle C--Regional Innovation

Sec. 10621. Regional innovation capacity.
Sec. 10622. Regional Clean Energy Innovation Program.

                     Subtitle D--Research Security

Sec. 10631. Requirements for foreign talent recruitment programs.
Sec. 10632. Malign foreign talent recruitment program prohibition.
Sec. 10633. Review of contracts and agreements.
Sec. 10634. Research security training requirement for Federal research 
                            award personnel.
Sec. 10635. Research funds accounting.
Sec. 10636. Person or entity of concern prohibition.
Sec. 10637. Nondiscrimination.
Sec. 10638. Definitions.

  Subtitle E--Coastal and Ocean Acidification Research and Innovation

Sec. 10641. Short title.
Sec. 10642. Purposes.
Sec. 10643. Definitions.
Sec. 10644. Interagency working group.
Sec. 10645. Strategic research plan.
Sec. 10646. NOAA ocean acidification activities.
Sec. 10647. NSF ocean acidification activities.
Sec. 10648. NASA ocean acidification activities.
Sec. 10649. Authorization of appropriations.

                 Subtitle F--Interagency Working Group

Sec. 10651. Interagency working group.

           Subtitle G--Quantum Networking and Communications

Sec. 10661. Quantum networking and communications.

                   Subtitle H--Blockchain Specialist

Sec. 10671. Establishment of blockchain and cryptocurrency specialist 
                            position within OSTP.

      Subtitle I--Partnerships for Energy Security and Innovation

Sec. 10691. Foundation for Energy Security and Innovation.

               Subtitle J--Energizing Technology Transfer

Sec. 10701. Definitions.

       PART 1--National Clean Energy Technology Transfer Programs

Sec. 10713. National clean energy incubator program.
Sec. 10714. Clean energy technology university prize competition.
Sec. 10715. Clean energy technology transfer coordination.

 PART 2--Supporting Technology Development at the National Laboratories

Sec. 10716. Lab partnering service pilot program.
Sec. 10717. Lab-embedded entrepreneurship program.
Sec. 10718. Small business voucher program.
Sec. 10719. Entrepreneurial leave program.
Sec. 10720. National Laboratory non-Federal employee outside employment 
                            authority.

               PART 3--Department of Energy Modernization

Sec. 10722. Office of Technology Transitions.
Sec. 10723. Management of Department of Energy demonstration projects.
Sec. 10724. Streamlining prize competitions.
Sec. 10725. Cost-share waiver extension.
Sec. 10726. Special hiring authority for scientific, engineering, and 
                            project management personnel.
Sec. 10727. Technology transfer reports and evaluation.

                         Subtitle K--Micro Act

Sec. 10731. Microelectronics research for energy innovation.

    Subtitle L--National Nuclear University Research Infrastructure 
                              Reinvestment

Sec. 10741. Short title.
Sec. 10742. Purposes.
Sec. 10743. University infrastructure collaboration.
Sec. 10744. Advanced nuclear research infrastructure enhancement 
                            subprogram.
Sec. 10745. Science education and human resources scholarships, 
                            fellowships, and research and development 
                            projects.

    Subtitle M--Steel Upgrading Partnerships and Emissions Reduction

Sec. 10751. Low-emissions steel manufacturing research program.

    Subtitle N--Applied Laboratories Infrastructure Restoration and 
                             Modernization

Sec. 10761. Applied laboratories infrastructure restoration and 
                            modernization.

      Subtitle O--Department of Energy Research, Development, and 
                        Demonstration Activities

Sec. 10771. Department of Energy research, development, and 
                            demonstration activities.

                   Subtitle P--Fission for the Future

Sec. 10781. Advanced nuclear technologies Federal research, 
                            development, and demonstration program.

TITLE VII--NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION AUTHORIZATION 
                                  ACT

Sec. 10801. Short title.
Sec. 10802. Definitions.

                        Subtitle A--Exploration

Sec. 10811. Moon to Mars.
Sec. 10812. Space Launch System configurations.
Sec. 10813. Rocket engine test infrastructure.
Sec. 10814. Pearl River maintenance.
Sec. 10815. Extension and modification relating to International Space 
                            Station.
Sec. 10816. Priorities for International Space Station.
Sec. 10817. Technical amendments relating to Artemis missions.

                          Subtitle B--Science

Sec. 10821. Science priorities.
Sec. 10822. Search for life.
Sec. 10823. Next generation of astrophysics great observatories.
Sec. 10824. Earth science missions and programs.
Sec. 10825. Planetary Defense Coordination Office.

                        Subtitle C--Aeronautics

Sec. 10831. Experimental aircraft projects.
Sec. 10832. Unmanned aircraft systems.
Sec. 10833. Cleaner, quieter airplanes.

                      Subtitle D--Space Technology

Sec. 10841. Space nuclear capabilities.
Sec. 10842. Prioritization of low-enriched uranium technology.

                      Subtitle E--STEM Engagement

Sec. 10851. Office of STEM Engagement.

                       Subtitle F--Miscellaneous

Sec. 10861. Program, workforce, and industrial base reviews.
Sec. 10862. Modification of lease of non-excess property.

SEC. 10001. SHORT TITLE.

    This division may be cited as the ``Research and Development, 
Competition, and Innovation Act''.

SEC. 10002. DEFINITIONS.

    In this division:
            (1) Artificial intelligence.--The term ``artificial 
        intelligence'' or ``AI'' has the meaning given such term in 
        section 5002 of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National 
        Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 
        9401).
            (2) Awardee.--The term ``awardee'' means the legal entity 
        to which Federal assistance is awarded and that is accountable 
        to the Federal Government for the use of the funds provided.
            (3) Award personnel.--The term ``award personnel'' means 
        principal investigators and co-principal investigators, 
        faculty, postdoctoral researchers, and other employees 
        supported by a grant, cooperative agreement, or contract under 
        Federal law.
            (4) Biomanufacturing.--The term ``biomanufacturing'' means 
        the utilization of biological systems to develop new and 
        advance existing products, tools, and processes at commercial 
        scale.
            (5) Emerging research institution.--The term ``emerging 
        research institution'' means an institution of higher education 
        with an established undergraduate or graduate program that has 
        less than $50,000,000 in Federal research expenditures.
            (6) Engineering biology.--The term ``engineering biology'' 
        means the application of engineering design principles and 
        practices to biological systems, including molecular and 
        cellular systems, to advance fundamental understanding of 
        complex natural systems and to enable novel or optimize 
        functions and capabilities.
            (7) EPSCoR.--The term ``EPSCoR'' has the meaning given the 
        term in section 502 of the America COMPETES Reauthorization Act 
        of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 1862p note).
            (8) EPSCoR institution.--The term ``EPSCoR institution'' 
        means an institution of higher education, nonprofit 
        organization, or other institution located in a jurisdiction 
        eligible to participate in the program under section 113 of the 
        National Science Foundation Authorization Act of 1988 (42 
        U.S.C. 1862g).
            (9) Federal laboratory.--The term ``Federal laboratory'' 
        has the meaning given such term in section 4 of the Stevenson-
        Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3703).
            (10) Federal research agency.--The term ``Federal research 
        agency'' means any Federal agency with an annual extramural 
        research expenditure of over $100,000,000 in fiscal year 2022 
        constant dollars.
            (11) Foundation.--The term ``Foundation'' means the 
        National Science Foundation.
            (12) Historically black college and university.--The term 
        ``historically Black college and university'' has the meaning 
        given the term ``part B institution'' in section 322 of the 
        Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1061).
            (13) Institution of higher education.--The term 
        ``institution of higher education'' has the meaning given the 
        term in section 101(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
        U.S.C. 1001(a)).
            (14) Interagency working group on inclusion in stem.--The 
        term ``interagency working group on inclusion in STEM'' means 
        the interagency working group established by section 308 of the 
        American Innovation and Competitiveness Act (42 U.S.C. 6626).
            (15) Labor organization.--The term ``labor organization'' 
        has the meaning given the term in section 2(5) of the National 
        Labor Relations Act (29 U.S.C. 152(5)), except that such term 
        shall also include--
                    (A) any organization composed of labor 
                organizations, such as a labor union federation or a 
                State or municipal labor body; and
                    (B) any organization which would be included in the 
                definition for such term under such section 2(5) but 
                for the fact that the organization represents--
                            (i) individuals employed by the United 
                        States, any wholly owned Government 
                        corporation, any Federal Reserve Bank, or any 
                        State or political subdivision thereof;
                            (ii) individuals employed by persons 
                        subject to the Railway Labor Act (45 U.S.C. 151 
                        et seq.); or
                            (iii) individuals employed as agricultural 
                        laborers.
            (16) Low-income individual.--The term ``low-income 
        individual'' means an individual from a family whose taxable 
        income for the preceding year did not exceed 150 percent of an 
        amount equal to the poverty level determined by using criteria 
        of poverty established by the Bureau of the Census.
            (17) Manufacturing extension center.--The term 
        ``manufacturing extension center'' has the meaning given the 
        term ``Center'' in section 25(a) of the National Institute of 
        Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k(a)).
            (18) Manufacturing usa institute.--The term ``Manufacturing 
        USA institute'' means a Manufacturing USA institute described 
        in section 34(d) of the National Institute of Standards and 
        Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278s(d)).
            (19) Minority-serving institution.--The term ``minority-
        serving institution'' means a Hispanic-serving institution as 
        defined in section 502(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 
        (20 U.S.C. 1101a(a)); an Alaska Native-serving institution or 
        Native Hawaiian-serving institution as defined in section 
        317(b) of such Act (20 U.S.C. 1059d(b)); or a Predominantly 
        Black institution, Asian American and Native American Pacific 
        Islander-serving institution, or Native American-serving 
        nontribal institution as defined in section 371(c) of such Act 
        (20 U.S.C. 1067q(c)).
            (20) National academies.--The term ``National Academies'' 
        means the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and 
        Medicine.
            (21) Non-profit organization.--The term ``non-profit 
        organization'' means an organization which is described in 
        section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 and 
        exempt from tax under section 501(a) of such code.
            (22) Prek-12.--The term ``PreK-12'' means pre-kindergarten 
        through grade 12.
            (23) Quantum information science.--The term ``quantum 
        information science'' has the meaning given such term in 
        section 2 of the National Quantum Initiative Act (15 U.S.C. 
        8801).
            (24) Recipient.--The term ``recipient'' means an entity, 
        usually a non-Federal entity, that receives a Federal award 
        directly from a Federal research agency. The term ``recipient'' 
        does not include entities that receive subawards or individuals 
        that are the beneficiaries of the award.
            (25) Research and development award.--The term ``research 
        and development award'' means support provided to an individual 
        or entity by a Federal research agency to carry out research 
        and development activities, which may include support in the 
        form of a grant, contract, cooperative agreement, or other such 
        transaction. The term does not include a grant, contract, 
        agreement or other transaction for the procurement of goods or 
        services to meet the administrative needs of a Federal research 
        agency.
            (26) Skilled technical work.--The term ``skilled technical 
        work'' means an occupation that requires a high level of 
        knowledge in a technical domain and does not require a 
        bachelor's degree for entry.
            (27) Stem.--The term ``STEM'' means science, technology, 
        engineering, and mathematics, including computer science.
            (28) Stem education.--The term ``STEM education'' has the 
        meaning given the term in section 2 of the STEM Education Act 
        of 2015 (42 U.S.C. 6621 note).
            (29) Technical standard.--The term ``technical standard'' 
        has the meaning given such term in section 12(d)(5) of the 
        National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act of 1995 (15 
        U.S.C. 272 note).
            (30) Tribal college or university.--The term ``Tribal 
        College or University'' has the meaning given such term in 
        section 316 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
        1059c).

SEC. 10003. BUDGETARY EFFECTS.

    (a) Statutory Paygo Scorecards.--The budgetary effects of this 
division shall not be entered on either PAYGO scorecard maintained 
pursuant to section 4(d) of the Statutory Pay-As-You-Go Act of 2010 (2 
U.S.C. 933(d)).
    (b) Senate Paygo Scorecards.--The budgetary effects of this 
division shall not be entered on any PAYGO scorecard maintained for 
purposes of section 4106 of H. Con. Res. 71 (115th Congress).
    (c) Classification of Budgetary Effects.--Notwithstanding Rule 3 of 
the Budget Scorekeeping Guidelines set forth in the joint explanatory 
statement of the committee of conference accompanying Conference Report 
105-217 and section 250(c)(8) of the Balanced Budget and Emergency 
Deficit Control Act of 1985, the budgetary effects of this division 
shall not be estimated--
            (1) for purposes of section 251 of such Act;
            (2) for purposes of an allocation to the Committee on 
        Appropriations pursuant to section 302(a) of the Congressional 
        Budget Act of 1974; and
            (3) for purposes of paragraph (4)(C) of section 3 of the 
        Statutory Pay-As-You-Go Act of 2010 as being included in an 
        appropriation Act.

          TITLE I--DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY SCIENCE FOR THE FUTURE

SEC. 10101. MISSION OF THE OFFICE OF SCIENCE.

    Section 209 of the Department of Energy Organization Act (42 U.S.C. 
7139) is amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(d) User Facilities.--The Director shall carry out the 
construction, operation, and maintenance of user facilities to support 
the mission described in subsection (c). As practicable, these 
facilities shall serve the needs of the Department, industry, the 
academic community, and other relevant entities for the purposes of 
advancing the missions of the Department, improving the competitiveness 
of the United States, protecting public health and safety, and 
addressing other national priorities including emergencies.
    ``(e) Coordination.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary--
                    ``(A) shall ensure the coordination of the Office 
                of Science with the other activities of the Department, 
                including the transfer of knowledge, capabilities, and 
                relevant technologies from basic research programs of 
                the Department to applied research and development 
                programs of the Department for the purpose of enabling 
                development of mission-relevant technologies;
                    ``(B) shall support joint activities among the 
                programs of the Department;
                    ``(C) shall coordinate with other relevant Federal 
                agencies operating under existing authorizations 
                relating to subjects relating to the mission described 
                in subsection (c) in supporting advancements in related 
                research areas as appropriate; and
                    ``(D) may form partnerships to enhance the 
                utilization of and ensure access to user facilities by 
                other Federal agencies.
            ``(2) Office of science.--The Director--
                    ``(A) shall ensure the coordination of programs and 
                activities carried out by the Office of Science; and
                    ``(B) shall direct all programs which have not 
                recently completed a future planning roadmap consistent 
                with the funding of such programs authorized under the 
                Research and Development, Competition, and Innovation 
                Act to complete such a roadmap.''.

SEC. 10102. BASIC ENERGY SCIENCES PROGRAM.

    (a) Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act.--Section 303 
of the Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 
18641) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating subsections (a) through (e) as 
        subsections (c) through (g), respectively;
            (2) by inserting before subsection (c), as so redesignated, 
        the following:
    ``(a) Program.--As part of the activities authorized under section 
209 of the Department of Energy Organization Act (42 U.S.C. 7139), the 
Director shall carry out a research and development program in basic 
energy sciences, including materials sciences and engineering, chemical 
sciences, physical biosciences, geosciences, and other disciplines, to 
understand, model, and control matter and energy at the electronic, 
atomic, and molecular levels in order to provide the foundations for 
new energy technologies, address scientific grand challenges, and 
support the energy, environment, and national security missions of the 
Department.
    ``(b) Sustainable Chemistry.--In carrying out chemistry-related 
research and development activities under this section, the Director 
shall prioritize research and development of sustainable chemistry to 
support clean, safe, and economic alternatives and methodologies to 
traditional chemical products and processes.'';
            (3) in subsection (d), as so redesignated--
                    (A) in paragraph (3)--
                            (i) in subparagraph (C), by striking 
                        ``and'' at the end;
                            (ii) by redesignating subparagraph (D) as 
                        subparagraph (E); and
                            (iii) by inserting after subparagraph (C) 
                        the following:
                    ``(D) autonomous chemistry and materials synthesis 
                and characterization facilities that leverage advances 
                in artificial intelligence; and''; and
                    (B) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(4) Advanced photon source upgrade.--
                    ``(A) Definitions.--In this paragraph:
                            ``(i) Flux.--The term `flux' means the rate 
                        of flow of photons.
                            ``(ii) Hard x-ray.--The term `hard x-ray' 
                        means a photon with energy greater than 20 
                        kiloelectron volts.
                    ``(B) Upgrade.--The Secretary shall provide for the 
                upgrade to the Advanced Photon Source described in the 
                publication approved by the Basic Energy Sciences 
                Advisory Committee on June 9, 2016, entitled `Report on 
                Facility Upgrades', including the development of a 
                multibend achromat lattice to produce a high flux of 
                coherent x-rays within the hard x-ray energy region and 
                a suite of beamlines optimized for this source.
                    ``(C) Start of operations.--The Secretary shall, 
                subject to the availability of appropriations, ensure 
                that the start of full operations of the upgrade under 
                this paragraph occurs before March 31, 2026.
                    ``(D) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be 
                appropriated under subsection (j), there is authorized 
                to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the 
                upgrade under this paragraph $14,200,000 for fiscal 
                year 2023.
            ``(5) Spallation neutron source proton power upgrade.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall provide for 
                the proton power upgrade to the Spallation Neutron 
                Source.
                    ``(B) Proton power upgrade defined.--In this 
                paragraph, the term `proton power upgrade' means the 
                Spallation Neutron Source power upgrade described in--
                            ``(i) the publication entitled `Facilities 
                        for the Future of Science: A Twenty-Year 
                        Outlook', published by the Office of Science of 
                        the Department in December, 2003;
                            ``(ii) the publication entitled `Four Years 
                        Later: An Interim Report on Facilities for the 
                        Future of Science: A Twenty-Year Outlook', 
                        published by the Office of Science of the 
                        Department in August, 2007; and
                            ``(iii) the publication approved by the 
                        Basic Energy Sciences Advisory Committee on 
                        June 9, 2016, entitled `Report on Facility 
                        Upgrades'.
                    ``(C) Start of operations.--The Secretary shall, 
                subject to the availability of appropriations, ensure 
                that the start of full operations of the upgrade under 
                this paragraph occurs before July 30, 2028, with the 
                option for early operation in 2025.
                    ``(D) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be 
                appropriated under subsection (j), there is authorized 
                to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the 
                upgrade under this paragraph--
                            ``(i) $17,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                            ``(ii) $14,202,000 for fiscal year 2024; 
                        and
                            ``(iii) $1,567,000 for fiscal year 2025.
            ``(6) Spallation neutron source second target station.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall provide for 
                a second target station for the Spallation Neutron 
                Source.
                    ``(B) Second target station defined.--In this 
                paragraph, the term `second target station' means the 
                Spallation Neutron Source second target station 
                described in--
                            ``(i) the publication entitled, `Facilities 
                        for the Future of Science: A Twenty-Year 
                        Outlook', published by the Office of Science of 
                        the Department in December, 2003;
                            ``(ii) the publication entitled, `Four 
                        Years Later: An Interim Report on Facilities 
                        for the Future of Science: A Twenty-Year 
                        Outlook', published by the Office of Science of 
                        the Department in August, 2007; and
                            ``(iii) the publication approved by the 
                        Basic Energy Sciences Advisory Committee on 
                        June 9, 2016, entitled `Report on Facility 
                        Upgrades'.
                    ``(C) Start of operations.--The Secretary shall, 
                subject to the availability of appropriations, ensure 
                that the start of full operations of the second target 
                station under this paragraph occurs before December 31, 
                2033, with the option for early operation in 2029.
                    ``(D) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be 
                appropriated under subsection (j), there are authorized 
                to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the 
                activities under this paragraph, including 
                construction--
                            ``(i) $127,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                            ``(ii) $205,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                            ``(iii) $279,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
                            ``(iv) $300,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; 
                        and
                            ``(v) $281,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.
            ``(7) Advanced light source upgrade.--
                    ``(A) Definitions.--In this paragraph:
                            ``(i) Flux.--The term `flux' means the rate 
                        of flow of photons.
                            ``(ii) Soft x-ray.--The term `soft x-ray' 
                        means a photon with energy in the range from 50 
                        to 2,000 electron volts.
                    ``(B) Upgrade.--The Secretary shall provide for the 
                upgrade to the Advanced Light Source described in the 
                publication approved by the Basic Energy Sciences 
                Advisory Committee on June 9, 2016, entitled `Report on 
                Facility Upgrades', including the development of a 
                multibend achromat lattice to produce a high flux of 
                coherent x-rays within the soft x-ray energy region.
                    ``(C) Start of operations.--The Secretary shall, 
                subject to the availability of appropriations, ensure 
                that the start of full operations of the upgrade under 
                this paragraph occurs before September 30, 2029.
                    ``(D) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be 
                appropriated under subsection (j), there are authorized 
                to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the 
                upgrade under this paragraph--
                            ``(i) $135,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                            ``(ii) $102,500,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                            ``(iii) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; 
                        and
                            ``(iv) $1,400,000 for fiscal year 2026.
            ``(8) Linac coherent light source ii high energy upgrade.--
                    ``(A) Definitions.--In this paragraph:
                            ``(i) High energy.--The term `high energy', 
                        with respect to an x-ray, means a photon with 
                        an energy in the 5 to 13 kiloelectron volt 
                        range.
                            ``(ii) High repetition rate.--The term 
                        `high repetition rate' means the delivery of x-
                        ray pulses up to 1,000,000 pulses per second.
                            ``(iii) Ultra-short pulse.--The term 
                        `ultra-short pulse', with respect to an x-ray, 
                        means that the x-ray has bursts capable of 
                        durations of less than 100 femtoseconds.
                    ``(B) Upgrade.--The Secretary shall--
                            ``(i) provide for the upgrade to the Linac 
                        Coherent Light Source II facility described in 
                        the publication approved by the Basic Energy 
                        Sciences Advisory Committee on June 9, 2016, 
                        entitled `Report on Facility Upgrades', 
                        including the development of experimental 
                        capabilities for high energy x-rays to reveal 
                        fundamental scientific discoveries; and
                            ``(ii) ensure such upgrade enables the 
                        production and use of high energy, ultra-short 
                        pulse x-rays delivered at a high repetition 
                        rate.
                    ``(C) Start of operations.--The Secretary shall, 
                subject to the availability of appropriations, ensure 
                that the start of full operations of the upgrade under 
                this paragraph occurs before December 31, 2026.
                    ``(D) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be 
                appropriated under subsection (j), there are authorized 
                to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the 
                upgrade under this paragraph--
                            ``(i) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                            ``(ii) $130,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                            ``(iii) $135,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; 
                        and
                            ``(iv) $99,343,000 for fiscal year 2026.
            ``(9) Cryomodule repair and maintenance facility.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall provide for 
                the construction of a cryomodule repair and maintenance 
                facility to service the Linac Coherent Light Source II 
                and subsequent upgrades.
                    ``(B) Consultation required.--The Secretary shall 
                consult with the private sector, institutions of higher 
                education, National Laboratories, and relevant Federal 
                agencies to ensure that the facility described in 
                subparagraph (A) has the capability to maintain, 
                repair, and test superconducting radio frequency 
                accelerator components.
                    ``(C) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be 
                appropriated under subsection (j), there are authorized 
                to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the 
                activities under this paragraph--
                            ``(i) $29,300,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                            ``(ii) $24,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                            ``(iii) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; 
                        and
                            ``(iv) $15,700,000 for fiscal year 2026.
            ``(10) Nanoscale science research center recapitalization 
        project.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall provide for 
                the recapitalization of the Nanoscale Science Research 
                Centers, to include the upgrade of equipment at each 
                Center supported by the Office of Science on the date 
                of enactment of the Research and Development, 
                Competition, and Innovation Act, to accelerate advances 
                in the various fields of science including nanoscience, 
                materials, chemistry, biology, and quantum information 
                science.
                    ``(B) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be 
                appropriated under subsection (j), there are authorized 
                to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the 
                recapitalization under this paragraph--
                            ``(i) $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2023; and
                            ``(ii) $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2024.
            ``(11) National synchrotron light source ii beamline 
        buildout.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall provide for 
                the development and construction of experimental 
                stations to provide significant additional beamline and 
                instrument capacity, complement the existing portfolio 
                of beamlines, and complete the buildout of the National 
                Synchrotron Light Source II.
                    ``(B) Start of operations.--Subject to the 
                availability of appropriations, the Secretary--
                            ``(i) shall begin carrying out subparagraph 
                        (A) not later than September 30, 2036; and
                            ``(ii) may begin carrying out subparagraph 
                        (A)--
                                    ``(I) in calendar year 2033; or
                                    ``(II) after the construction of 
                                individual beamlines is complete.''; 
                                and
            (4) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(h) Computational Materials and Chemical Sciences.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Director shall support a program of 
        research and development for the application of advanced 
        computing practices to foundational and emerging research 
        problems in chemistry and materials science. Research 
        activities shall include--
                    ``(A) chemical catalysis research and development;
                    ``(B) the use of large data sets to model materials 
                phenomena, including through advanced characterization 
                of materials, materials synthesis, processing, and 
                innovative use of experimental and theoretical data;
                    ``(C) codesign of chemical system and chemistry 
                modeling software with advanced computing systems and 
                hardware technologies; and
                    ``(D) modeling of chemical processes, assemblies, 
                and reactions such as molecular dynamics and quantum 
                chemistry, including through novel computing methods.
            ``(2) Computational materials and chemical sciences 
        centers.--
                    ``(A) In general.--In carrying out the activities 
                authorized under paragraph (1), the Director shall 
                select and establish up to 6 computational materials 
                and chemical sciences centers to--
                            ``(i) develop open-source, robust, and 
                        validated computational codes and user-friendly 
                        software, coupled with innovative use of 
                        experimental and theoretical data, to enable 
                        the design, discovery, and development of new 
                        materials and chemical systems; and
                            ``(ii) focus on overcoming challenges and 
                        maximizing the benefits of exascale and other 
                        high performance computing underpinned by 
                        accelerated node technologies.
                    ``(B) Selection.--The Director shall select centers 
                under subparagraph (A) on a competitive, merit-reviewed 
                basis. The Director shall consider applications from 
                the National Laboratories, institutions of higher 
                education, multi-institutional collaborations, and 
                other appropriate entities.
                    ``(C) Duration.--
                            ``(i) New centers.--A center selected under 
                        subparagraph (A) shall receive support for a 
                        period of not more than 5 years beginning on 
                        the date of establishment of that center, 
                        subject to the availability of appropriations.
                            ``(ii) Existing centers.--A center already 
                        in existence on the date of enactment of the 
                        Research and Development, Competition, and 
                        Innovation Act may continue to receive support 
                        for a period of not more than 5 years beginning 
                        on the date of establishment of that center.
                    ``(D) Renewal.--Upon the expiration of any period 
                of support of a center under this subsection, the 
                Director may renew support for the center, on a merit-
                reviewed basis, for a period of not more than 5 years.
    ``(i) Materials Research Database.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Director shall support the 
        development of a web-based platform to develop and provide 
        access to a database of computed information on known and 
        predicted materials properties and computational tools to 
        accelerate breakthroughs in materials discovery and design.
            ``(2) Program.--In carrying out this subsection, the 
        Director shall--
                    ``(A) conduct cooperative research among National 
                Laboratories, industry, academia, and other research 
                institutions to advance understanding, prediction, and 
                manipulation of materials and facilitate the design of 
                novel materials;
                    ``(B) develop and maintain data infrastructure at 
                user facilities that generate data to collect, analyze, 
                label, and otherwise prepare the data for inclusion in 
                the database;
                    ``(C) leverage existing high performance computing 
                systems to conduct high throughput calculations, and 
                develop computational and data mining algorithms for 
                the prediction of material properties;
                    ``(D) strengthen the foundation for new 
                technologies and advanced manufacturing; and
                    ``(E) drive the development of advanced materials 
                for applications that span the Department's missions in 
                energy, environment, and national security.
            ``(3) Coordination.--In carrying out this subsection, the 
        Director shall leverage programs and activities across the 
        Department, including computational materials and chemical 
        sciences centers established under subsection (h).
            ``(4) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be appropriated 
        under subsection (j), there is authorized to be appropriated to 
        the Secretary to carry out activities under this subsection 
        $10,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027.
    ``(j) Authorization of Appropriations.--Out of funds authorized to 
be appropriated to the Office of Science in a fiscal year, there are 
authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the 
activities described in this section--
            ``(1) $2,685,414,000 for fiscal year 2023;
            ``(2) $2,866,890,840 for fiscal year 2024;
            ``(3) $2,987,727,170 for fiscal year 2025;
            ``(4) $3,062,732,781 for fiscal year 2026; and
            ``(5) $3,080,067,167 for fiscal year 2027.''.
    (b) Artificial Photosynthesis.--Section 973 of the Energy Policy 
Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16313) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (b), by striking paragraph (4) and 
        inserting the following:
            ``(4) Funds.--Of the funds authorized to be appropriated 
        for basic energy sciences in a fiscal year, there is authorized 
        to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out activities 
        under this subsection $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 
        through 2027.''; and
            (2) in subsection (c), by striking paragraph (4) and 
        inserting the following:
            ``(4) Funds.--Of the funds authorized to be appropriated 
        for basic energy sciences in a fiscal year, there is authorized 
        to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out activities 
        under this subsection $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 
        through 2027.''.
    (c) Electricity Storage Research Initiative.--Section 975 of the 
Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16315) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1)--
                            (i) in subparagraph (A)(ii), by striking 
                        ``and'' after the semicolon at the end;
                            (ii) in subparagraph (B), by striking the 
                        period at the end and inserting ``; and''; and
                            (iii) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(C) to ensure the competitiveness of the United 
                States in energy storage by fostering an ecosystem 
                linking fundamental research and development to 
                deployment of storage solutions while minimizing the 
                environmental impacts of energy storage 
                technologies.''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (2)--
                            (i) in subparagraph (A), by striking 
                        ``and'' after the semicolon at the end;
                            (ii) in subparagraph (B), by striking the 
                        period at the end and inserting ``; and''; and
                            (iii) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(C) any other relevant office of the 
                Department.'';
            (2) in subsection (b), by striking paragraph (4) and 
        inserting the following:
            ``(4) Funding.--Of the funds authorized to be appropriated 
        for basic energy sciences in a fiscal year, there is authorized 
        to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out activities 
        under this subsection $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 
        through 2027.'';
            (3) in subsection (c), by striking paragraph (4) and 
        inserting the following:
            ``(4) Funding.--Of the funds authorized to be appropriated 
        for basic energy sciences in a fiscal year, there is authorized 
        to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out activities 
        under this subsection $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 
        through 2027.''; and
            (4) in subsection (d), by striking paragraph (4) and 
        inserting the following:
            ``(4) Funding.--Of the funds authorized to be appropriated 
        for basic energy sciences in a fiscal year, there is authorized 
        to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out activities 
        under this subsection $20,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 
        through 2027.''.
    (d) Foundational Nuclear Science.--
            (1) In general.--The Director of the Office of Science 
        shall support a program of research and development to bridge 
        scientific barriers to, and expand theoretical and fundamental 
        knowledge relevant to, understanding nuclear materials and 
        matter for the benefit of commerce, medicine, and national 
        security.
            (2) Activities.--As part of the program described in 
        paragraph (1)--
                    (A) the Director of the Office of Science shall 
                support basic research to pursue distinct lines of 
                scientific inquiry, including--
                            (i) research in nuclear materials science, 
                        including the application of advanced computing 
                        practices to foundational and emerging research 
                        areas in nuclear materials science and 
                        discovery, such as--
                                    (I) the advanced characterization 
                                of materials;
                                    (II) materials synthesis;
                                    (III) processing;
                                    (IV) the innovative use of 
                                experimental and theoretical data; and
                                    (V) mechanical behavior in unique 
                                environments, including the effects of 
                                radiation;
                            (ii) electrochemistry research and 
                        associated techniques for processing nuclear 
                        materials;
                            (iii) the development of advanced 
                        instrumentation and nuclear data collection to 
                        inform the activities described in clauses (i) 
                        and (ii); and
                            (iv) any other area of research, as 
                        determined by the Director of the Office of 
                        Science; and
                    (B) the Assistant Secretary for Nuclear Energy 
                shall consult with the Director of the Office of 
                Science to support the direction of translational 
                research, development, and validation of physical 
                concepts developed under the program.
            (3) Funding.--Of the funds authorized to be appropriated 
        for basic energy sciences in a fiscal year, there is authorized 
        to be appropriated to the Secretary of Energy to carry out 
        activities under this subsection $50,000,000 for each of fiscal 
        years 2023 through 2027.
    (e) Carbon Materials Science Initiative.--
            (1) Initiative.--
                    (A) In general.--The Director of the Office of 
                Science (referred to in this subsection as the 
                ``Director'') shall establish a research initiative, to 
                be known as the ``Carbon Materials Science Initiative'' 
                (referred to in this subsection as the ``Initiative''), 
                to expand the fundamental knowledge of coal, coal-
                wastes, and carbon ore chemistry useful for 
                understanding the conversion of carbon to material 
                products.
                    (B) Coordination.--In carrying out programs and 
                activities under the Initiative, the Director shall 
                leverage expertise and resources from the Office of 
                Fossil Energy and Carbon Management and the United 
                States Geological Survey.
                    (C) Teams.--
                            (i) In general.--In carrying out the 
                        Initiative, the Director shall establish and 
                        organize activities among multidisciplinary 
                        teams to leverage, to the maximum extent 
                        practicable, expertise from the National 
                        Laboratories, institutions of higher education, 
                        and the private sector.
                            (ii) Goals.--The multidisciplinary teams 
                        described in clause (i) shall pursue expedient, 
                        milestone-driven research goals established by 
                        the Director.
            (2) Research program.--
                    (A) In general.--The Director shall carry out under 
                the Initiative a program to support, and discover 
                fundamental knowledge relevant to, carbon materials and 
                carbon ore processing research.
                    (B) Activities.--As part of the program described 
                in subparagraph (A), the Director shall, in 
                coordination with the Assistant Secretary of Energy for 
                Fossil Energy and Carbon Management, as appropriate, 
                support research to pursue distinct lines of scientific 
                inquiry, including--
                            (i) methods of extraction, processing, 
                        recycling, and utilization of the materials and 
                        valuable minerals contained in raw coal and 
                        coal-waste;
                            (ii) methods of improving performance, 
                        cost, and availability of materials for use in 
                        carbon capture systems; and
                            (iii) unconventional pathways and materials 
                        for conversion of carbon dioxide molecules, 
                        minerals, and materials.
                    (C) Review.--The Director shall periodically review 
                activities carried out under the program described in 
                subparagraph (A) to evaluate the achievement of 
                scientific objectives and research milestones.
                    (D) Coordination with existing programs and 
                centers.--In carrying out the program described in 
                subparagraph (A), the Director shall--
                            (i) ensure coordination and knowledge 
                        sharing with--
                                    (I) the United States Geological 
                                Survey; and
                                    (II) the programs and the Carbon 
                                Utilization Research Center established 
                                under section 969A of the Energy Policy 
                                Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16298a); and
                            (ii) avoid duplication of efforts to the 
                        maximum extent practicable.
            (3) Carbon materials research centers.--
                    (A) In general.--In carrying out the activities 
                authorized under paragraph (2), the Director shall 
                establish 1 center in each of the 2 major coal-
                producing regions of the United States, each of which 
                shall--
                            (i) be known as a ``Carbon Materials 
                        Research Center'' (referred to in this 
                        paragraph as a ``Center''); and
                            (ii) focus on early stage research and 
                        development activities, including--
                                    (I) developing and advancing 
                                methods of extracting, processing, or 
                                recycling carbon or other valuable 
                                materials or minerals from raw coal, 
                                coal-waste, or other solid carbon 
                                materials, for the development of new 
                                carbon-based materials;
                                    (II) methods of improving the 
                                structural, physical, and chemical 
                                properties of carbon-based materials or 
                                other valuable materials from raw coal, 
                                coal-waste, or other solid carbon 
                                materials and their recyclability;
                                    (III) overcoming the challenges and 
                                maximizing the benefits of commercially 
                                extracting, producing, or improving 
                                coal-derived carbon and resulting 
                                products; and
                                    (IV) identifying novel pathways and 
                                materials for carbon storage and 
                                conversion into useful products.
                    (B) Selection.--The Director shall--
                            (i) select Centers under subparagraph (A) 
                        on a competitive, merit-reviewed basis; and
                            (ii) consider applications from the 
                        National Laboratories, institutions of higher 
                        education, multi-institutional collaborations, 
                        and other appropriate entities.
                    (C) Duration.--A Center shall receive support for a 
                period of not more than 5 years beginning on the date 
                of establishment of that Center, subject to the 
                availability of appropriations.
                    (D) Renewal.--On the expiration of any period of 
                support of a Center, the Director may renew support for 
                that Center, on a merit-reviewed basis, for a period of 
                not more than 5 years.
                    (E) Existing facilities.--The Director shall--
                            (i) ensure that the research activities 
                        carried out by the Centers are not duplicative 
                        of existing efforts; and
                            (ii) if practicable, leverage existing user 
                        facilities and other capabilities of the 
                        Department of Energy to carry out the research 
                        objectives of the Centers.
    (f) Carbon Sequestration Research and Geologic Computational 
Science Initiative.--
            (1) Initiative.--
                    (A) In general.--The Secretary of Energy (referred 
                to in this subsection as the ``Secretary'') shall 
                establish a research initiative, to be known as the 
                ``Carbon Sequestration Research and Geologic 
                Computational Science Initiative'' (referred to in this 
                subsection as the ``Initiative''), to expand the 
                fundamental knowledge, data collection, data analysis, 
                and modeling of subsurface geology for the purpose of 
                advancing carbon sequestration in geologic formations.
                    (B) Leveraging.--In carrying out programs and 
                activities under the Initiative, the Secretary shall 
                leverage expertise and resources from the Office of 
                Fossil Energy and Carbon Management and the United 
                States Geological Survey.
                    (C) Teams.--
                            (i) In general.--In carrying out the 
                        Initiative, the Secretary shall establish and 
                        organize activities among multidisciplinary 
                        teams to leverage, to the maximum extent 
                        practicable, expertise from the National 
                        Laboratories, institutions of higher education, 
                        and the private sector.
                            (ii) Goals.--The multidisciplinary teams 
                        described in clause (i) shall pursue 
                        aggressive, milestone-driven research goals 
                        established by the Secretary.
                    (D) Additional activities.--The Secretary may 
                organize additional activities under this subsection 
                through other organizational structures.
            (2) Research program.--
                    (A) In general.--The Secretary shall carry out 
                under the Initiative a program to support research 
                needed for, and discover knowledge relevant to, the 
                sequestration of carbon in geologic formations.
                    (B) Activities.--As part of the program described 
                in subparagraph (A), the Director of the Office of 
                Science shall support fundamental research to pursue 
                distinct lines of scientific inquiry, including--
                            (i) gathering geologic data for pore space 
                        characterization, including improvements to 
                        geologic seismic imaging;
                            (ii) evaluating pore space quality, 
                        including evaluation of geologic samples, to 
                        determine appropriate sequestration zones for 
                        carbon;
                            (iii) testing carbon sequestration;
                            (iv) monitoring carbon migration in 
                        geologic formations;
                            (v) advancements in data analytics, 
                        including the analysis of seismic data, and 
                        computational science to improve the advanced 
                        computing, visualization, and imaging of 
                        geologic formations for the sequestration of 
                        carbon; and
                            (vi) predictive understanding of coupled 
                        processes in complex subsurface geologic 
                        systems for secure carbon storage.
                    (C) Review.--The Secretary shall periodically 
                review activities carried out under the program 
                described in subparagraph (A) to evaluate achievement 
                of scientific objectives and research milestones.
            (3) Carbon storage research and geologic computational 
        science centers.--
                    (A) In general.--In carrying out the activities 
                authorized under paragraph (2), the Secretary shall 
                select and establish not more than 2 carbon storage 
                research and geologic computational science centers 
                (referred to in this paragraph as a ``Center'') to 
                develop and advance improvements to data collection, 
                analysis, and modeling of subsurface geology for the 
                purpose of advancing carbon sequestration in geologic 
                formations.
                    (B) Selection.--
                            (i) In general.--The Secretary shall--
                                    (I) select Centers under 
                                subparagraph (A) on a competitive, 
                                merit-reviewed basis; and
                                    (II) to the maximum extent 
                                practicable, locate each Center in a 
                                geographically diverse region with 
                                established and ongoing geologic carbon 
                                sequestration research and 
                                demonstration.
                            (ii) Applications.--In selecting Centers 
                        under subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall 
                        consider applications from institutions of 
                        higher education, multi-institutional 
                        collaborations, and other appropriate entities.
                    (C) Duration.--
                            (i) New centers.--A Center established 
                        after the date of enactment of this Act shall 
                        receive support for a period of not more than 5 
                        years beginning on the date of establishment of 
                        that Center, subject to the availability of 
                        appropriations.
                            (ii) Existing centers.--A Center already in 
                        existence on the date of enactment of this Act 
                        may continue to receive support for a period of 
                        not more than 5 years beginning on that date of 
                        enactment.
                            (iii) Renewal.--On expiration of a period 
                        of support described in clause (i) or (ii), the 
                        Secretary may renew support for the Center, on 
                        a merit-reviewed basis, for a period of not 
                        more than 5 years.
            (4) Coordination with existing programs and centers.--In 
        carrying out this subsection, the Secretary shall--
                    (A) ensure coordination with--
                            (i) the United States Geological Survey; 
                        and
                            (ii) the programs established under section 
                        963 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 
                        16293); and
                    (B) avoid duplication of efforts to the maximum 
                extent practicable.
    (g) Funding for Carbon Initiatives.--Of the funds authorized to be 
appropriated for basic energy sciences in a fiscal year, there is 
authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out activities 
under subsections (e) and (f) $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 
through 2027.

SEC. 10103. BIOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH.

    (a) Program; Biological Systems; Biomolecular Characterization and 
Imaging Science.--Section 306 of the Department of Energy Research and 
Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18644) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (c), by redesignating paragraphs (6) 
        through (8) as paragraphs (5) through (7), respectively;
            (2) by redesignating subsections (b) through (d) as 
        subsections (d) through (f), respectively;
            (3) by striking subsection (a) and inserting the following:
    ``(a) Program.--As part of the duties of the Director authorized 
under section 209 of the Department of Energy Organization Act (42 
U.S.C. 7139), and coordinated with the activities authorized under 
sections 303 and 304, the Director shall carry out a program of 
research and development in the areas of biological systems science and 
climate and environmental science, including subsurface science, 
relevant to the development of new energy technologies and to support 
the energy, environmental, and national security missions of the 
Department.
    ``(b) Biological Systems.--The Director shall carry out research 
and development activities in genomic science including fundamental 
research on plants and microbes to increase systems-level understanding 
of the complex biological systems, which may include activities--
            ``(1) to provide a fundamental understanding of the biology 
        of plants, fungi, and microbes as a basis for developing 
        innovative processes for bioenergy and bioproducts and 
        accelerate breakthroughs and new knowledge that would enable 
        the cost-effective, sustainable production of--
                    ``(A) advanced biofuels;
                    ``(B) bioenergy; and
                    ``(C) biobased materials;
            ``(2) to conduct foundational functional systems biology 
        research--
                    ``(A) to support expanded biosystems design 
                research; and
                    ``(B) to understand--
                            ``(i) fundamental genome structure; and
                            ``(ii) phenomes, including functional 
                        genomics of gene products at genome scale;
            ``(3) to develop biosystems designs and synthetic biology 
        approaches for new nonfood plant-derived and microbially 
        derived bioproducts as a basis for new bioeconomy and 
        biotechnology applications in bioproducts production, resource 
        recovery, recycling, and upcycling ventures;
            ``(4) to better understand the behavior of microbiomes in 
        the environment and the interdependencies between plants and 
        microbes in a sustainable ecosystem;
            ``(5) to improve fundamental understanding of plant and 
        microbial processes impacting the global carbon cycle, 
        including processes for removing carbon dioxide from the 
        atmosphere, through photosynthesis and other biological 
        processes, for sequestration, storage, and utilization;
            ``(6) to understand the microbiome mechanisms and 
        microbiota used to transform, immobilize, or remove 
        contaminants from subsurface environments and that affect the 
        cycling and disposition of carbon, nutrients, and contaminants 
        in the environment;
            ``(7) to develop the computational approaches and 
        integrated platforms for open access collaborative science;
            ``(8) to leverage tools and approaches across the Office of 
        Science to expand research to include novel processes, methods, 
        and science to develop bio-based chemicals, polymers, inorganic 
        materials, including research--
                    ``(A) to advance fungal, microbial, and plant 
                biosystems design research to advance the understanding 
                of how CRISPR tools and other gene editing tools and 
                technologies work in nature, in the laboratory, and in 
                practice;
                    ``(B) to deepen genome-enabled knowledge of the 
                roles of microbes and microbial communities, including 
                fungi, in--
                            ``(i) supporting plant and tree growth, 
                        productivity, performance, adaptation, and 
                        resilience in changing environmental 
                        conditions; and
                            ``(ii) optimizing end uses of biomass;
                    ``(C) to develop biosystems design methods and 
                tools to increase the efficiency of photosynthesis in 
                plants; and
                    ``(D) to increase the scale and pace of 
                characterizing the functions and physical 
                characteristics of microbes and microbial communities 
                to improve biosystems design;
            ``(9) to conduct research focused on developing analysis 
        techniques and simulation capabilities, including artificial 
        intelligence and machine learning, on high-performance 
        computing platforms to accelerate collaborative and 
        reproducible systems biology research;
            ``(10) to develop and improve new technologies for 
        bioimaging, measurement, and characterization purposes to 
        understand the structural, spatial, and temporal relationships 
        of metabolic processes governing phenotypic expression in 
        plants and microbes;
            ``(11) to conduct research focused on genotype-to-phenotype 
        translations to develop a predictive understanding of cellular 
        function under a variety of relevant environmental and 
        bioenergy-related conditions;
            ``(12) to conduct metagenomic and metadata assembly 
        research sequencing and analysis; and
            ``(13) to develop other relevant methods and processes as 
        determined by the Director.
    ``(c) Biomolecular Characterization and Imaging Science.--The 
Director shall carry out research and development activities in 
biomolecular characterization and imaging science, including 
development of new and integrative imaging and analysis platforms and 
biosensors to understand the expression, structure, and function of 
genome information encoded within cells and for real-time measurements 
in ecosystems and field sites of relevance to the mission of the 
Department.''; and
            (4) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(l) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Advanced biofuel.--The term `advanced biofuel' has 
        the meaning given the term in section 9001 of the Farm Security 
        and Rural Investment Act of 2002 (7 U.S.C. 8101).
            ``(2) Bioenergy.--The term `bioenergy' means energy derived 
        from biofuels.
            ``(3) Biomass.--The term `biomass' has the meaning given 
        the term in section 203(b) of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 
        U.S.C. 15852(b)).
            ``(4) Bioproduct.--The term `bioproduct' has the meaning 
        given the term `biobased product' in section 9001 of the Farm 
        Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 (7 U.S.C. 8101).''.
    (b) Low-dose Radiation Research Program.--Paragraph (8) of 
subsection (e) of section 306 of the Department of Energy Research and 
Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18644), as redesignated by subsection (a)(2), 
is amended--
            (1) in subparagraph (C), by striking ``and'';
            (2) in subparagraph (D), by striking the period at the end 
        and inserting a semicolon; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(E) $40,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
                    ``(F) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
                    ``(G) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.''.
    (c) Low-dose Radiation and Space Radiation Research Program.--
Subsection (f) of section 306 of the Department of Energy Research and 
Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18644), as redesignated by subsection (a)(2), 
is amended to read as follows:
    ``(f) Low-dose Radiation and Space Radiation Research Program.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary, in consultation with the 
        Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space 
        Administration, shall carry out a basic research program on the 
        similarities and differences between the effects of exposure to 
        low-dose radiation on Earth, in low Earth orbit, and in the 
        space environment.
            ``(2) Purpose.--The purpose of the program described in 
        paragraph (1) is to accelerate breakthroughs in low-dose and 
        low dose-rate radiation research and development as described 
        in subsection (e) and to inform the advancement of new tools, 
        technologies, and advanced materials needed to facilitate long-
        duration space exploration.''.
    (d) Climate, Environmental Science, and Other Activities.--Section 
306 of the Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 
18644) (as amended by subsection (a)) is amended by inserting after 
subsection (f) the following:
    ``(g) Earth and Environmental Systems Sciences Activities.--
            ``(1) In general.--As part of the activities authorized 
        under subsection (a), and in coordination with activities 
        carried out under subsection (b), the Director shall coordinate 
        with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the 
        National Science Foundation, the Environmental Protection 
        Agency, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the 
        Department of Agriculture, the Department of the Interior, and 
        any other relevant agencies to carry out activities relating to 
        Earth and environmental systems science research, which may 
        include activities--
                    ``(A) to understand, observe, measure, and model 
                the response of Earth's atmosphere and biosphere to 
                changing concentrations of greenhouse gas emissions and 
                any associated changes in climate, including frequency 
                and intensity of extreme weather events;
                    ``(B) to understand the coupled physical, chemical, 
                and biological processes to transform, immobilize, 
                remove, or move carbon, nitrogen, and other energy 
                production-derived contaminants such as radionuclides 
                and heavy metals, and understand the process of 
                sequestration and transformation of these, carbon 
                dioxide, and other relevant molecules in subsurface 
                environments;
                    ``(C) to understand, observe, and model the cycling 
                of water, carbon, and nutrients in terrestrial systems 
                across spatiotemporal scales;
                    ``(D) to understand the biological, biogeochemical, 
                and physical processes across the multiple scales that 
                control the flux of environmentally relevant compounds 
                between the terrestrial surface and the atmosphere; and
                    ``(E) to understand and predict interactions among 
                natural and human systems to inform potential 
                mitigation and adaptation options for increased 
                concentrations of greenhouse gas emissions and any 
                associated changes in climate.
            ``(2) Prioritization.--In carrying out the program 
        authorized under paragraph (1), the Director shall prioritize--
                    ``(A) the development of software and algorithms to 
                enable the productive application of environmental 
                systems and extreme weather in climate and Earth system 
                prediction models in high-performance computing 
                systems; and
                    ``(B) capabilities that support the Department's 
                mission needs for energy and infrastructure security, 
                resilience, and reliability.
            ``(3) Environmental systems science research.--
                    ``(A) In general.--As part of the activities 
                described in paragraph (1), the Director shall carry 
                out research to advance an integrated, robust, and 
                scale-aware predictive understanding of environmental 
                systems, including the role of hydrobiogeochemistry, 
                from the subsurface to the top of the vegetative canopy 
                that considers effects of seasonal to interannual 
                variability and change.
                    ``(B) Clean water and watershed research.--As part 
                of the activities described in subparagraph (A), the 
                Director shall--
                            ``(i) support interdisciplinary research to 
                        significantly advance our understanding of 
                        water availability, quality, and the impact of 
                        human activity and a changing climate on urban 
                        and rural watershed systems, including in 
                        freshwater environments;
                            ``(ii) consult with the Interagency 
                        Research, Development, and Demonstration 
                        Coordination Committee on the Nexus of Energy 
                        and Water for Sustainability established under 
                        section 1010 of the Energy Act of 2020 (Public 
                        Law 116-260) on energy-water nexus research 
                        activities;
                            ``(iii) engage with representatives of 
                        research and academic institutions, nonprofit 
                        organizations, State, territorial, local, and 
                        Tribal governments, and industry, who have 
                        expertise in technologies, technological 
                        innovations, or practices relating to the 
                        energy-water nexus, as applicable; and
                            ``(iv) coordinate with the National Oceanic 
                        and Atmospheric Administration, the National 
                        Science Foundation, the Environmental 
                        Protection Agency, the National Aeronautics and 
                        Space Administration, the Department of 
                        Agriculture, the Department of the Interior, 
                        and any other relevant agency.
                    ``(C) Coordination.--
                            ``(i) Director.--The Director shall carry 
                        out activities under this paragraph in 
                        accordance with priorities established by the 
                        Secretary to support and accelerate the 
                        decontamination of relevant facilities managed 
                        by the Department.
                            ``(ii) Secretary.--The Secretary shall 
                        ensure the coordination of activities of the 
                        Department, including activities under this 
                        paragraph, to support and accelerate the 
                        decontamination of relevant facilities managed 
                        by the Department.
            ``(4) Climate and earth modeling.--As part of the 
        activities described in paragraph (1), the Director, in 
        collaboration with the Advanced Scientific Computing Research 
        program described in section 304 and other programs carried out 
        by the Department, as applicable, and in coordination with the 
        National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the National 
        Science Foundation, the National Aeronautics and Space 
        Administration, and other relevant agencies, shall carry out 
        research to develop, evaluate, and use high-resolution regional 
        climate, global climate, Earth system, and other relevant 
        models to inform decisions on reducing greenhouse gas emissions 
        and the resulting impacts of a changing global climate. Such 
        modeling shall include--
                    ``(A) integrated capabilities for modeling 
                multisectoral interactions, including the impacts of 
                climate policies on human systems and the 
                interdependencies and risks at the energy-water-land 
                nexus;
                    ``(B) greenhouse gas emissions, air quality, energy 
                supply and demand, and other critical elements; and
                    ``(C) interaction among human and Earth systems 
                informed by interdisciplinary research, including the 
                economic and social sciences.
            ``(5) Midscale funding mechanism.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Any of the activities authorized 
                in this subsection may be carried out, in lieu of 
                individual research grants--
                            ``(i) by competitively selected midscale, 
                        multi-institutional research centers;
                            ``(ii) by large-scale experiments or user 
                        facilities; or
                            ``(iii) through existing facilities and 
                        systems of the Department or the National 
                        Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
                    ``(B) Consideration.--The Biological and 
                Environmental Research Advisory Committee shall provide 
                recommendations to the Director on projects most 
                suitable for the research centers described in 
                subparagraph (A).
            ``(6) Atmospheric systems and sciences research program.--
                    ``(A) In general.--As part of the activities 
                carried out under paragraph (1), the Director shall 
                carry out a program, to be known as the `Atmospheric 
                Systems and Sciences Research Program', to use 
                observations to improve understanding of atmospheric 
                processes, under which the Director, in coordination, 
                and as appropriate, collaboration, with the National 
                Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and other 
                relevant Federal agencies conducting research under the 
                topics described in this subparagraph, shall conduct 
                research relating to--
                            ``(i) better understanding the atmosphere 
                        and the interaction of the atmosphere with the 
                        surface of the Earth;
                            ``(ii) understanding sources of uncertainty 
                        in Earth system models, including with respect 
                        to the interdependence of clouds, atmospheric 
                        aerosols, radiation processes, and 
                        precipitation;
                            ``(iii) understanding the radiative balance 
                        and hydrological cycle of Earth;
                            ``(iv) demonstrating the improved 
                        predictability of regional and global 
                        atmospheric models due to improved process-
                        level understanding;
                            ``(v) atmospheric regimes with large 
                        uncertainties in earth system prediction, 
                        aerosol processes, warm boundary-layer 
                        processes, convective processes, and high-
                        latitude processes;
                            ``(vi) reduced uncertainty and improved 
                        simulation capability of earth system models of 
                        the atmospheric system in a holistic, 
                        comprehensive fashion; and
                            ``(vii) understanding and modeling 
                        representation of priority research areas, 
                        including aerosol, warm boundary layer, 
                        convective, and high-latitude processes.
                    ``(B) Activities.--In carrying out the Atmospheric 
                Systems and Sciences Research Program, the Director 
                shall, in coordination, and as appropriate, in 
                collaboration, with other relevant Federal agencies--
                            ``(i) collect data and conduct research to 
                        advance atmospheric and Earth system modeling 
                        capabilities;
                            ``(ii) develop or participate in existing 
                        or future integrated, scalable test-beds that--
                                    ``(I) incorporate process-level 
                                understanding of the life cycles of 
                                aerosols, clouds, and precipitation; 
                                and
                                    ``(II) can be incorporated into 
                                other models;
                            ``(iii) improve data, analysis, and 
                        prediction systems in marine, littoral, 
                        terrestrial, and arctic environments, including 
                        those environments sensitive to changes in the 
                        climate, relating to the energy and science 
                        mission of the Department; and
                            ``(iv) support the development of 
                        technologies relating to--
                                    ``(I) more accurate cloud, aerosol, 
                                and other atmospheric sensors;
                                    ``(II) observing sensor networks; 
                                and
                                    ``(III) computational predictive 
                                modeling.
                    ``(C) Use of atmospheric radiation measurement 
                program facilities and infrastructure.--To support the 
                Atmospheric Systems and Sciences Research Program and, 
                in coordination, and as appropriate, in collaboration, 
                with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric 
                Administration and other relevant Federal agencies, to 
                improve fundamental understanding of the physical and 
                chemical processes that impact the formation, life 
                cycle, and radiative impacts of cloud and aerosol 
                particles, atmospheric processes, and surface or 
                subsurface phenomena, the Director shall use the 
                facilities and infrastructure of the Atmospheric 
                Radiation Measurement User Facility, the Global 
                Monitoring Laboratory of the National Oceanic and 
                Atmospheric Administration, or other Earth and 
                Environmental Systems Sciences User Facilities--
                            ``(i) to provide support to environmental 
                        scientists by collecting high-quality and well-
                        characterized in-situ, remote-sensing, and 
                        aircraft observations of--
                                    ``(I) the microphysical properties 
                                of clouds and atmospheric aerosols;
                                    ``(II) the coincident and highly 
                                detailed dynamical and thermodynamic 
                                properties of the atmospheric 
                                environment that contains those clouds 
                                and aerosols;
                                    ``(III) the properties of 
                                precipitation;
                                    ``(IV) the properties of radiation 
                                and the background environment; and
                                    ``(V) the properties of surface or 
                                subsurface phenomena;
                            ``(ii) to carry out laboratory studies and 
                        ground-based and airborne field campaigns to 
                        target specific atmospheric and surface or 
                        subsurface processes relating to the energy and 
                        science mission of the Department in different 
                        locations and across a range of environments, 
                        including by developing technologies to assist 
                        in advancing predictive capabilities;
                            ``(iii) to build data sets that can be 
                        incorporated into atmospheric models; and
                            ``(iv) to enhance observations by using 
                        modeling and simulations that test the accuracy 
                        of climate model parameterizations.
    ``(h) Biological and Environmental Research User Facilities.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Director shall carry out a program 
        for the development, construction, operation, and maintenance 
        of user facilities to enhance the collection and analysis of 
        observational data related to complex biological, climate, and 
        environmental systems.
            ``(2) Selection.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Director shall select user 
                facilities under paragraph (1) on a competitive, merit-
                reviewed basis.
                    ``(B) Applicants.--In selecting user facilities 
                under paragraph (1), the Director shall consider 
                applications from the National Laboratories, 
                institutions of higher education, multi-institutional 
                collaborations, and other appropriate entities.
            ``(3) Facility requirements.--To the maximum extent 
        practicable, the user facilities developed, constructed, 
        operated, or maintained under paragraph (1) shall include--
                    ``(A) distributed field research and observation 
                platforms for understanding earth system processes;
                    ``(B) analytical techniques, instruments, and 
                modeling resources, including high-throughput molecular 
                phenotyping, for understanding and predicting the 
                functional processes of biological and environmental 
                systems;
                    ``(C) integrated high-throughput sequencing, 
                advanced bioanalytic techniques, DNA design and 
                synthesis, metabolomics, and computational analysis; 
                and
                    ``(D) such other facilities as the Director 
                considers appropriate, consistent with section 209 of 
                the Department of Energy Organization Act (42 U.S.C. 
                7139).
            ``(4) Existing facilities.--In carrying out the program 
        established under paragraph (1), the Director is encouraged to 
        evaluate the capabilities of existing user facilities and, to 
        the maximum extent practicable, invest in modernization of 
        those capabilities to address emerging research priorities.
            ``(5) Earth and environmental systems sciences user 
        facilities.--In carrying out the program established under 
        paragraph (1), the Director shall operate at least 1 user 
        facility to advance the collection, validation, and analysis of 
        atmospheric data, including through activities--
                    ``(A) to advance knowledge of the Earth and 
                environmental systems and improve model 
                representations; and
                    ``(B) to measure the impact of atmospheric gases, 
                aerosols, and clouds on the Earth and environmental 
                systems.
            ``(6) Microbial molecular phenotyping capability project.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall provide for 
                the expansion of the Environmental Molecular Sciences 
                Laboratory, or subsequent facility successor, to 
                advance high-throughput microbial plant and molecular 
                phenotyping capability to accelerate discovery of new 
                protein functions and metabolic pathways in microbial 
                systems.
                    ``(B) Capabilities.--In carrying out subparagraph 
                (A), the Secretary shall ensure the following 
                capabilities:
                            ``(i) Coupled high-throughput autonomous 
                        experimental and multimodal analytical 
                        capabilities.
                            ``(ii) Direct integration of automated 
                        multiomics analyses, biomolecular and cellular 
                        imaging, and functional biological assays with 
                        high-throughput microbial culturing and 
                        cultivation capabilities at timescales relevant 
                        to biological processes under natural and 
                        perturbed environmental conditions.
                    ``(C) Data coordination.--In carrying out 
                subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall ensure 
                integration and coordination with existing data 
                platforms and user facilities of the Department.
                    ``(D) Start of operations.--Subject to the 
                availability of appropriations, the Secretary shall 
                begin carrying out subparagraph (A) not later than 
                September 29, 2027.
                    ``(E) Funding.--Of the funds authorized to be 
                appropriated under subsection (k) for a fiscal year, 
                there are authorized to be appropriated to the 
                Secretary to carry out this paragraph--
                            ``(i) $550,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                            ``(ii) $29,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                            ``(iii) $32,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
                            ``(iv) $30,500,000 for fiscal year 2026; 
                        and
                            ``(v) $27,500,000 for fiscal year 2027.
            ``(7) User facilities integration and collaboration 
        program.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Director shall support a 
                program of collaboration between user facilities to 
                encourage and enable researchers to more readily 
                integrate the tools, expertise, resources, and 
                capabilities of multiple Office of Science user 
                facilities (as described in subsection (d) of section 
                209 of the Department of Energy Organization Act (42 
                U.S.C. 7139)) to further research and advance emerging 
                technologies.
                    ``(B) Activities.--The program shall advance the 
                integration of automation, robotics, computational 
                biology, bioinformatics, biosensing, cellular platforms 
                and other relevant emerging technologies as determined 
                by the Director to enhance productivity and scientific 
                impact of user facilities.
            ``(8) Coordination.--In carrying out the program authorized 
        under paragraph (1), the Director shall ensure that the Office 
        of Science coordinates with--
                    ``(A) the National Oceanic Atmospheric 
                Administration, the Environmental Protection Agency, 
                the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the 
                Department of Agriculture, the Department of the 
                Interior, and any other relevant Federal agency on the 
                collection, validation, and analysis of atmospheric 
                data; and
                    ``(B) relevant stakeholders, including institutions 
                of higher education, nonprofit research institutions, 
                industry, State, territorial, local, and Tribal 
                governments, and other appropriate entities to ensure 
                access to the best available relevant atmospheric and 
                historical weather data.
    ``(i) Terrestrial-aquatic Interface Research Initiative.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Director shall carry out a research 
        program to enhance the understanding of terrestrial-aquatic 
        interface. In carrying out the program, the Director shall 
        prioritize efforts to enhance the collection of observational 
        data, and shall develop models to analyze the natural and human 
        processes that interact in littoral zones.
            ``(2) Littoral data collection system.--The Director shall 
        establish an integrated system of geographically diverse field 
        research sites in order to improve the scientific understanding 
        and predictability of the major land water interfaces of the 
        United States through improved data quantity and quality, 
        including in--
                    ``(A) the Great Lakes region;
                    ``(B) the Pacific coast;
                    ``(C) the Atlantic coast;
                    ``(D) the Arctic;
                    ``(E) the Gulf coast; and
                    ``(F) the coasts of United States territories and 
                freely associated States.
            ``(3) Existing infrastructure.--In carrying out the 
        programs and establishing the field research sites under 
        paragraphs (1) and (2), the Secretary shall leverage existing 
        research and development infrastructure supported by the 
        Department, including the Department's existing marine and 
        coastal research lab.
            ``(4) Coordination.--For the purposes of carrying out the 
        programs and establishing the field research sites under 
        paragraphs (1) and (2), the Secretary may enter into agreements 
        with Federal departments and agencies with complementary 
        capabilities, including the National Oceanic and Atmospheric 
        Administration and any other relevant Federal agency as 
        appropriate.
            ``(5) Report.--Not earlier than 2 years after the date of 
        enactment of the Research and Development, Competition, and 
        Innovation Act, the Director shall provide to the Committee on 
        Science, Space, and Technology, the Committee on Natural 
        Resources, and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of 
        Representatives, and the Committee on Energy and Natural 
        Resources and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate, a 
        report examining whether the system described in paragraph (2) 
        should be established as a National User Facility within the 
        Department or as a research facility within another Federal 
        agency.
            ``(6) Interoperability.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Director shall ensure that 
                activities carried out under paragraphs (1) and (2), 
                including observation, data collection, monitoring, and 
                model development and enhancements, are interoperable 
                and may be integrated with existing related systems at 
                the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and 
                other relevant Federal agencies, as practicable.
                    ``(B) Resources.--In carrying out subparagraph (A), 
                in support of interoperability, as practicable, the 
                Director may make available to other Federal agencies 
                high performance computing resources.
                    ``(C) NOAA.--The National Oceanic and Atmospheric 
                Administration shall integrate the data collected under 
                the programs carried out under paragraphs (1) and (2) 
                into relevant data systems and models, as practicable.
    ``(j) Engineered Ecosystems Initiative.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall establish within the 
        Biological and Environmental Research program an initiative 
        focused on the development of engineered ecosystems through the 
        application of artificial intelligence, novel sensing 
        capabilities, and other emerging technologies.
            ``(2) Interagency coordination.--The Secretary shall 
        coordinate with the Director of the National Science 
        Foundation, the Administrator of the National Oceanic and 
        Atmospheric Administration, the Director of the U.S. Geological 
        Survey, the Secretary of Agriculture, and other relevant 
        officials to avoid duplication of research and observational 
        activities and to ensure that activities carried out under the 
        initiative established under paragraph (1) are complimentary to 
        activities being undertaken by other agencies.
            ``(3) Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
        enactment of the Research and Development, Competition, and 
        Innovation Act, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on 
        Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives 
        and the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate 
        a report on the activity authorized under this subsection.
    ``(k) Authorization of Appropriations.--Out of funds authorized to 
be appropriated for the Office of Science in a fiscal year, there are 
authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the 
activities described in this section--
            ``(1) $885,420,000 for fiscal year 2023;
            ``(2) $946,745,200 for fiscal year 2024;
            ``(3) $1,001,149,912 for fiscal year 2025;
            ``(4) $1,068,818,907 for fiscal year 2026; and
            ``(5) $1,129,948,041 for fiscal year 2027.''.
    (e) Bioenergy Research Centers.--Section 977 of the Energy Policy 
Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16317) is amended by striking subsection (f) and 
inserting the following:
    ``(f) Bioenergy Research Centers.--
            ``(1) In general.--In carrying out the program under 
        section 306(a) of the Department of Energy Research and 
        Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18644(a)), the Director shall support 
        up to 6 bioenergy research centers to conduct fundamental 
        research in plant and microbial systems biology, biological 
        imaging and analysis, and genomics, and to accelerate advanced 
        research and development of advanced biofuels, bioenergy or 
        biobased materials, chemicals, and products that are produced 
        from a variety of regionally diverse feedstocks, and to 
        facilitate the translation of research results to industry. The 
        activities of the centers authorized under this subsection may 
        include--
                    ``(A) accelerating the domestication of bioenergy-
                relevant plants, microbes, and associated microbial 
                communities to enable high-impact, value-added 
                coproduct development at multiple points in the 
                bioenergy supply chain;
                    ``(B) developing the science and technological 
                advances to ensure process sustainability is considered 
                in the creation of advanced biofuels and bioproducts 
                from lignocellulosic biomass; and
                    ``(C) using the latest tools in genomics, molecular 
                biology, catalysis science, chemical engineering, 
                systems biology, and computational and robotics 
                technologies to sustainably produce and transform 
                biomass into advanced biofuels and bioproducts.
            ``(2) Selection and duration.--
                    ``(A) In general.--A center established under 
                paragraph (1) shall be selected on a competitive, 
                merit-reviewed basis for a period of not more than 5 
                years, subject to the availability of appropriations, 
                beginning on the date of establishment of that center.
                    ``(B) Applications.--The Director shall consider 
                applications from National Laboratories, multi-
                institutional collaborations, and other appropriate 
                entities.
                    ``(C) Existing centers.--A center already in 
                existence on the date of enactment of the Research and 
                Development, Competition, and Innovation Act may 
                continue to receive support for a period of not more 
                than 5 years beginning on the date of establishment of 
                that center.
                    ``(D) New centers.--The Director shall select any 
                new center pursuant to paragraph (1) on a competitive, 
                merit-reviewed basis, with special consideration for 
                applications from an institution of higher education 
                (as defined in section 101 of the Higher Education Act 
                of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001)) that is located in an 
                eligible jurisdiction (as defined in section 
                2203(b)(3)(A) of the Energy Policy Act of 1992 (42 
                U.S.C. 13503(b)(3)(A))).
            ``(3) Renewal.--After the end of the applicable period 
        described in paragraph (2), the Director may renew support for 
        a center for a period of not more than 5 years on a merit-
        reviewed basis. For a center in operation for 10 years after 
        its previous selection on a competitive, merit-reviewed basis, 
        the Director may renew support for the center on a competitive, 
        merit-reviewed basis for a period of not more than 5 years, and 
        may subsequently provide an additional renewal on a merit-
        reviewed basis for a period of not more than 5 years.
            ``(4) Activities.--Centers shall undertake research 
        activities to accelerate the production of advanced biofuels 
        and bioproducts from biomass resources by identifying the most 
        suitable species of plants for use as energy crops; and 
        improving methods of breeding, propagation, planting, 
        producing, harvesting, storage and processing. Activities may 
        include the following:
                    ``(A) Research activities to increase 
                sustainability, including--
                            ``(i) advancing knowledge of how bioenergy 
                        crop interactions with biotic and abiotic 
                        environmental factors influence crop growth, 
                        yield, and quality;
                            ``(ii) identifying the most impactful 
                        research areas that address the economics of 
                        advanced biofuels and bioproducts production; 
                        and
                            ``(iii) utilizing multiscale modeling to 
                        advance predictive understanding of advanced 
                        biofuel cropping ecosystems.
                    ``(B) Research activities to further feedstock 
                development, including lignocellulosic, algal, gaseous 
                wastes including carbon oxides and methane, and direct 
                air capture of single carbon gases via plants and 
                microbes, including--
                            ``(i) developing genetic and genomic tools, 
                        high-throughput analytical tools, and 
                        biosystems design approaches to enhance 
                        bioenergy feedstocks and their associated 
                        microbiomes;
                            ``(ii) conducting field testing of new 
                        potential bioenergy feedstock crops under 
                        environmentally benign and geographically 
                        diverse conditions to assess viability and 
                        robustness; and
                            ``(iii) developing quantitative models 
                        informed by experimentation to predict how 
                        bioenergy feedstocks perform under diverse 
                        conditions.
                    ``(C) Research activities to improve 
                lignocellulosic deconstruction and separation methods, 
                including--
                            ``(i) developing feedstock-agnostic 
                        deconstruction processes capable of efficiently 
                        fractionating biomass into targeted output 
                        streams;
                            ``(ii) gaining a detailed understanding of 
                        plant cell wall biosynthesis, composition, 
                        structure, and properties during 
                        deconstruction; and
                            ``(iii) improving enzymes and approaches 
                        for biomass breakdown and cellulose, 
                        hemicellulose, and lignin processing.
                    ``(D) Research activities to improve the feedstock 
                conversion process for advanced biofuels and 
                bioproducts, including--
                            ``(i) developing high-throughput methods to 
                        screen or select high-performance microbial 
                        strains and communities to improve product 
                        formation rates, yields, and selectivity;
                            ``(ii) establishing a broad set of platform 
                        microorganisms and microbial communities 
                        suitable for metabolic engineering to produce 
                        advanced biofuels and bioproducts and high-
                        throughput methods for experimental validation 
                        of gene function;
                            ``(iii) developing techniques to enhance 
                        microbial robustness for tolerating toxins to 
                        improve advanced biofuel and bioproduct yields 
                        and to gain a better understanding of the 
                        cellular and molecular bases of tolerance for 
                        major chemical classes of inhibitors found in 
                        these processes;
                            ``(iv) advancing technologies for the use 
                        of batch, continuous, and consolidated 
                        bioprocessing;
                            ``(v) identifying, creating, and optimizing 
                        microbial and chemical pathways to produce 
                        promising, atom-economical intermediates and 
                        final bioproducts from biomass with 
                        considerations given to environmentally benign 
                        processes;
                            ``(vi) developing high-throughput, real-
                        time, in situ analytical techniques to 
                        understand and characterize the pre- and post-
                        bioproduct separation streams in detail;
                            ``(vii) creating methodologies for 
                        efficiently identifying viable target 
                        molecules, identifying high-value bioproducts 
                        in existing biomass streams, and utilizing 
                        current byproduct streams;
                            ``(viii) identifying and improving plant 
                        feedstocks with enhanced extractable levels of 
                        desired bioproducts or bioproduct precursors, 
                        including lignin streams; and
                            ``(ix) developing integrated biological and 
                        chemical catalytic approaches to valorize and 
                        produce a diverse portfolio of advanced 
                        biofuels and bioproducts.
            ``(5) Industry partnerships.--Centers shall establish 
        industry partnerships to translate research results to 
        commercial applications.
            ``(6) Coordination.--In coordination with the Bioenergy 
        Technologies Office of the Department, the Secretary shall 
        support interdisciplinary research activities to improve the 
        capacity, efficiency, resilience, security, reliability, and 
        affordability, of the production and use of advanced biofuels 
        and bioproducts, as well as activities to enable positive 
        impacts and avoid the potential negative impacts that the 
        production and use of advanced biofuels and bioproducts may 
        have on ecosystems, people, and historically marginalized 
        communities.
            ``(7) Funding.--Of the funds authorized to be appropriated 
        under subsection (k) of section 306 of the Department of Energy 
        Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18644) for a fiscal 
        year, there is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary 
        to carry out this subsection $30,000,000 per center established 
        under paragraph (1) for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027.
            ``(8) Definitions.--In this subsection:
                    ``(A) Advanced biofuel.--The term `advanced 
                biofuel' has the meaning given the term in section 9001 
                of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 
                (7 U.S.C. 8101).
                    ``(B) Bioenergy.--The term `bioenergy' means energy 
                derived from biofuels.
                    ``(C) Biomass.--The term `biomass' has the meaning 
                given the term in section 203(b) of the Energy Policy 
                Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 15852(b)).
                    ``(D) Bioproduct.--The term `bioproduct' has the 
                meaning given the term `biobased product' in section 
                9001 of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 
                2002 (7 U.S.C. 8101).''.

SEC. 10104. ADVANCED SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING RESEARCH PROGRAM.

    (a) Advanced Scientific Computing Research.--Section 304 of the 
Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18642) is 
amended--
            (1) by redesignating subsections (a) through (c) as 
        subsections (b) through (d), respectively;
            (2) by inserting before subsection (b), as so redesignated, 
        the following:
    ``(a) In General.--As part of the activities authorized under 
section 209 of the Department of Energy Organization Act (42 U.S.C. 
7139), the Director shall carry out, in coordination with academia and 
relevant public and private sector entities, a research, development, 
and demonstration program--
            ``(1) to steward applied mathematics, computational 
        science, and computer science research relevant to the missions 
        of the Department and the competitiveness of the United States;
            ``(2) to develop modeling, simulation, and other 
        computational tools relevant to other scientific disciplines 
        and to the development of new energy technologies and other 
        technologies;
            ``(3) to advance computing and networking capabilities for 
        data-driven discovery; and
            ``(4) to develop advanced scientific computing hardware and 
        software tools for science and engineering.'';
            (3) in subsection (c), as so redesignated--
                    (A) by striking ``The Director'' and inserting the 
                following:
            ``(1) Director.--The Director''; and
                    (B) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(2) Coordination.--The Under Secretary for Science shall 
        ensure the coordination of the activities of the Department, 
        including activities under this section, to determine and meet 
        the computational and networking research and facility needs of 
        the Office of Science and all other relevant energy technology 
        and energy efficiency programs within the Department and with 
        other Federal agencies as appropriate.'';
            (4) by amending subsection (d), as so redesignated, to read 
        as follows:
    ``(d) Applied Mathematics and Software Development for High-End 
Computing Systems and Computer Sciences Research.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Director shall carry out activities 
        to develop, test, and support--
                    ``(A) mathematics, statistics, and algorithms for 
                modeling complex systems relevant to the missions of 
                the Department, including on advanced computing 
                architectures; and
                    ``(B) tools, languages, programming environments, 
                and operations for high-end computing systems (as 
                defined in section 2 of the American Super Computing 
                Leadership Act of 2017 (15 U.S.C. 5541)).
            ``(2) Portfolio balance.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Director shall maintain a 
                balanced portfolio within the advanced scientific 
                computing research and development program established 
                under section 976 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 
                U.S.C. 16316) that supports robust investment in--
                            ``(i) applied mathematical, computational, 
                        and computer sciences research needs relevant 
                        to the mission of the Department, including 
                        foundational areas that are critical to the 
                        advancement of energy sciences and technologies 
                        and new and emerging computing technologies; 
                        and
                            ``(ii) associated high-performance 
                        computing hardware and facilities.
                    ``(B) Exascale ecosystem sustainment.--
                            ``(i) Sense of congress.--It is the sense 
                        of Congress that the Exascale Computing Project 
                        has successfully created a broad ecosystem that 
                        provides shared software packages, novel 
                        evaluation systems, and applications relevant 
                        to the science and engineering requirements of 
                        the Department, and that such products must be 
                        maintained and improved in order that the full 
                        potential of the deployed systems can be 
                        continuously realized.
                            ``(ii) Sustainment.--The Secretary shall 
                        seek to sustain and evolve the ecosystem 
                        described in clause (i) to ensure that the 
                        exascale software stack and other research 
                        software will continue to be maintained, 
                        hardened, and otherwise optimized for long-term 
                        use on exascale systems and beyond and reliable 
                        availability to the user community.''; and
            (5) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(e) Advanced Computing Program.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall establish a program 
        to develop and implement a strategy for achieving computing 
        systems with capabilities beyond exascale computing systems. In 
        establishing this program, the Secretary shall--
                    ``(A) maintain foundational research programs in 
                mathematical, computational, and computer sciences 
                focused on new and emerging computing needs within the 
                mission of the Department, including post-Moore's law 
                computing architectures, novel approaches to modeling 
                and simulation, artificial intelligence and scientific 
                machine learning, quantum computing, edge computing, 
                extreme heterogeneity, including potential quantum 
                accelerators, and distributed high-performance 
                computing;
                    ``(B) retain best practices and maintain support 
                for essential hardware, applications, and software 
                elements of the Exascale Computing Program that are 
                necessary for sustaining the vitality of a long-term 
                capable software ecosystem for exascale and beyond; and
                    ``(C) develop a Department-wide strategy for 
                balancing on-premises and cloud-based computing and 
                scientific data management.
            ``(2) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
        enactment of the Research and Development, Competition, and 
        Innovation Act, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on 
        Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives 
        and the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate 
        a report on the development and implementation of the strategy 
        described in paragraph (1).
    ``(f) Guidance on Mitigation of Bias in High-performance Computing 
Capabilities.--In leveraging high-performance computing systems for 
research purposes, including through the use of machine learning 
algorithms for data analysis and artificial intelligence, the Secretary 
shall issue, and ensure adherence to, guidance for the Department, the 
National Laboratories, and users as to how those capabilities should be 
employed in a manner that mitigates and, to the maximum extent 
practicable, avoids harmful algorithmic bias.
    ``(g) Architectural Research in Heterogeneous Computing Systems.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall carry out a program 
        of research and development in heterogeneous and reconfigurable 
        computing systems to expand understanding of the potential for 
        heterogeneous and reconfigurable computing systems to deliver 
        high performance, high efficiency computing for Department 
        mission challenges. The program shall include research and 
        development that explores the convergence of big data 
        analytics, simulations, and artificial intelligence to drive 
        the design of heterogeneous computing system architectures.
            ``(2) Coordination.--In carrying out the program described 
        in paragraph (1), the Secretary shall ensure coordination 
        between research activities undertaken by the Advanced 
        Scientific Computing Research program and materials research 
        supported by the Basic Energy Sciences program within the 
        Office of Science.
    ``(h) Energy Efficient Computing Program.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall support a program of 
        fundamental research, development, and demonstration of energy 
        efficient computing and data center technologies relevant to 
        advanced computing applications, including high-performance 
        computing, artificial intelligence, and scientific machine 
        learning.
            ``(2) Execution.--
                    ``(A) Program.--In carrying out the program under 
                paragraph (1), the Secretary shall--
                            ``(i) establish a partnership for National 
                        Laboratories, industry partners, and 
                        institutions of higher education for codesign 
                        of energy efficient hardware, technology, 
                        software, and applications across all 
                        applicable program offices of the Department, 
                        and provide access to energy efficient 
                        computing resources to such partners;
                            ``(ii) develop hardware and software 
                        technologies that decrease the energy needs of 
                        advanced computing practices, including through 
                        data center codesign;
                            ``(iii) consider multiple heterogeneous 
                        computing architectures in collaboration with 
                        the program established under subsection (g), 
                        including neuromorphic computing, persistent 
                        computing, and ultrafast networking; and
                            ``(iv) provide, as appropriate, on a 
                        competitive, merit-reviewed basis, access for 
                        researchers from institutions of higher 
                        education, National Laboratories, industry, and 
                        other Federal agencies to the energy efficient 
                        computing technologies developed pursuant to 
                        clause (i).
                    ``(B) Selection of partners.--In selecting 
                participants for the partnership established under 
                subparagraph (A)(i), the Secretary shall select 
                participants through a competitive, merit review 
                process.
                    ``(C) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date 
                of enactment of the Research and Development, 
                Competition, and Innovation Act, the Secretary shall 
                submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and 
                Technology of the House of Representatives and the 
                Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate 
                a report on--
                            ``(i) the activities conducted under 
                        subparagraph (A); and
                            ``(ii) the coordination and management of 
                        the program under subparagraph (A) to ensure an 
                        integrated research program across the 
                        Department.
    ``(i) Energy Sciences Network.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall provide for upgrades 
        to the Energy Sciences Network user facility in order to meet 
        the research needs of the Department for highly reliable data 
        transport capabilities optimized for the requirements of large-
        scale science.
            ``(2) Capabilities.--In carrying out paragraph (1), the 
        Secretary shall ensure the following capabilities:
                    ``(A) To provide high bandwidth scientific 
                networking across the continental United States and the 
                Atlantic Ocean.
                    ``(B) To ensure network reliability.
                    ``(C) To protect the network infrastructure from 
                cyberattacks.
                    ``(D) To manage transport of exponentially 
                increasing levels of data from the Department's 
                National Laboratories and sites, user facilities, 
                experiments, and sensors.
                    ``(E) To contribute to the integration of 
                heterogeneous computing frameworks and systems.
    ``(j) Computational Science Graduate Fellowship.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall support the 
        Computational Science Graduate Fellowship program in order to 
        facilitate collaboration between graduate students and 
        researchers at the National Laboratories, and contribute to the 
        development of a diverse and inclusive computational workforce 
        to help advance research in all areas of computational science 
        relevant to the mission of the Department, including quantum 
        computing.
            ``(2) Funding.--Of the funds authorized to be appropriated 
        for the Advanced Scientific Computing Research Program, there 
        are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary for carrying 
        out activities under this subsection--
                    ``(A) $15,750,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                    ``(B) $16,537,500 for fiscal year 2024;
                    ``(C) $17,364,375 for fiscal year 2025;
                    ``(D) $18,232,594 for fiscal year 2026; and
                    ``(E) $19,144,223 for fiscal year 2027.
    ``(k) Authorization of Appropriations.--Out of funds authorized to 
be appropriated for the Office of Science in a fiscal year, there are 
authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the 
activities described in this section--
            ``(1) $1,126,950,000 for fiscal year 2023;
            ``(2) $1,194,109,500 for fiscal year 2024;
            ``(3) $1,265,275,695 for fiscal year 2025;
            ``(4) $1,340,687,843 for fiscal year 2026; and
            ``(5) $1,420,599,500 for fiscal year 2027.''.
    (b) Quantum Science Network.--
            (1) Definitions.--Section 2 of the National Quantum 
        Initiative Act (15 U.S.C. 8801) is amended--
                    (A) by redesignating paragraph (7) as paragraph 
                (8); and
                    (B) by inserting after paragraph (6) the following:
            ``(7) Quantum network infrastructure.--The term `quantum 
        network infrastructure' means any facility, expertise, or 
        capability that is necessary to enable the development and 
        deployment of scalable and diverse quantum network 
        technologies.''.
            (2) Department of energy quantum network infrastructure 
        research and development program.--
                    (A) In general.--Title IV of the National Quantum 
                Initiative Act (15 U.S.C. 8851 et seq.) is amended by 
                adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 403. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY QUANTUM NETWORK INFRASTRUCTURE 
              RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM.

    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary of Energy (referred to in this 
section as the `Secretary') shall carry out a research, development, 
and demonstration program to accelerate innovation in quantum network 
infrastructure in order to--
            ``(1) facilitate the advancement of distributed quantum 
        computing systems through the internet and intranet;
            ``(2) improve the precision of measurements of scientific 
        phenomena and physical imaging technologies;
            ``(3) develop secure national quantum communications 
        technologies and strategies;
            ``(4) demonstrate quantum networking utilizing the 
        Department of Energy's Energy Sciences Network User Facility; 
        and
            ``(5) advance the relevant domestic supply chains, 
        manufacturing capabilities, and associated simulations or 
        modeling capabilities.
    ``(b) Program.--In carrying out this section, the Secretary shall--
            ``(1) coordinate with--
                    ``(A) the Director of the National Science 
                Foundation;
                    ``(B) the Director of the National Institute of 
                Standards and Technology;
                    ``(C) the Chair of the Subcommittee on Quantum 
                Information Science of the National Science and 
                Technology Council established under section 103(a); 
                and
                    ``(D) the Chair of the Subcommittee on the Economic 
                and Security Implications of Quantum Science;
            ``(2) conduct cooperative research with industry, National 
        Laboratories, institutions of higher education, and other 
        research institutions to facilitate new quantum infrastructure 
        methods and technologies, including--
                    ``(A) quantum-limited detectors, ultra-low loss 
                optical channels, space-to-ground connections, and 
                classical networking and cybersecurity protocols;
                    ``(B) entanglement and hyper-entangled state 
                sources and transmission, control, and measurement of 
                quantum states;
                    ``(C) quantum interconnects that allow short range 
                local connections between quantum processors;
                    ``(D) transducers for quantum sources and signals 
                between optical wavelength regimes, including 
                telecommunications regimes and quantum computer-
                relevant domains, including microwaves;
                    ``(E) development of quantum memory buffers and 
                small-scale quantum computers that are compatible with 
                photon-based quantum bits in the optical or 
                telecommunications wavelengths;
                    ``(F) long-range entanglement distribution, 
                including allowing entanglement-based protocols between 
                small- and large scale quantum processors, at the 
                terrestrial and space-based level using quantum 
                repeaters and optical or laser communications;
                    ``(G) quantum routers, multiplexers, repeaters, and 
                related technologies necessary to create secure long-
                distance quantum communication; and
                    ``(H) integration of systems across the quantum 
                technology stack into traditional computing networks, 
                including the development of remote controlled, high-
                performance, and reliable implementations of key 
                quantum network components by leveraging the expertise, 
                infrastructure and supplemental investments at the 
                National Laboratories in the Energy Sciences Network 
                User Facility;
            ``(3) engage with the Quantum Economic Development 
        Consortium and other organizations, as applicable, to 
        transition component technologies to help facilitate as 
        appropriate the development of a quantum supply chain for 
        quantum network technologies;
            ``(4) advance basic research in advanced scientific 
        computing, particle and nuclear physics, and material science 
        to enhance the understanding, prediction, and manipulation of 
        materials, processes, and physical phenomena relevant to 
        quantum network infrastructure;
            ``(5) develop experimental tools and testbeds in 
        collaboration with the Energy Sciences Network User Facility 
        necessary to support cross-cutting fundamental research and 
        development activities with diverse stakeholders from industry, 
        National Laboratories, and institutions of higher education; 
        and
            ``(6) consider quantum network infrastructure applications 
        that span the Department of Energy's missions in energy, 
        environment, and national security.
    ``(c) Leveraging.--In carrying out this section, the Secretary 
shall leverage resources, infrastructure, and expertise across the 
Department of Energy and from--
            ``(1) the National Institute of Standards and Technology;
            ``(2) the National Science Foundation;
            ``(3) the National Aeronautics and Space Administration;
            ``(4) other relevant Federal agencies;
            ``(5) the National Laboratories;
            ``(6) industry stakeholders;
            ``(7) institutions of higher education; and
            ``(8) the National Quantum Information Science Research 
        Centers.
    ``(d) Research Plan.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
enactment of the Research and Development, Competition, and Innovation 
Act, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and 
Technology of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Energy 
and Natural Resources of the Senate a 4-year research plan that 
identifies and prioritizes basic research needs relating to quantum 
network infrastructure.
    ``(e) Standard of Review.--The Secretary shall review activities 
carried out under this section to determine the achievement of 
technical milestones.
    ``(f) Funding.--Of the funds authorized to be appropriated for the 
Department of Energy's Office of Science, there is authorized to be 
appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the activities under this 
section $100,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027.

``SEC. 404. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY QUANTUM USER EXPANSION FOR SCIENCE AND 
              TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM.

    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary of Energy (referred to in this 
section as the `Secretary') shall establish and carry out a program, to 
be known as the `Quantum User Expansion for Science and Technology 
program' or `QUEST program', to encourage and facilitate access to 
United States quantum computing hardware and quantum computing clouds 
for research purposes--
            ``(1) to enhance the United States quantum research 
        enterprise;
            ``(2) to educate the future quantum computing workforce;
            ``(3) to accelerate the advancement of United States 
        quantum computing capabilities; and
            ``(4) to advance the relevant domestic supply chains, 
        manufacturing processes, and associated simulations or modeling 
        capabilities.
    ``(b) Program.--In carrying out this section, the Secretary shall--
            ``(1) coordinate with--
                    ``(A) the Director of the National Science 
                Foundation;
                    ``(B) the Director of the National Institute of 
                Standards and Technology;
                    ``(C) the Chair of the Subcommittee on Quantum 
                Information Science of the National Science and 
                Technology Council established under section 103(a); 
                and
                    ``(D) the Chair of the Subcommittee on the Economic 
                and Security Implications of Quantum Science;
            ``(2) provide researchers based within the United States 
        with access to, and use of, United States quantum computing 
        resources through a competitive, merit-reviewed process;
            ``(3) consider applications from the National Laboratories, 
        multi-institutional collaborations, institutions of higher 
        education, industry stakeholders, and any other entities that 
        the Secretary determines are appropriate to provide national 
        leadership on quantum computing related issues;
            ``(4) coordinate with private sector stakeholders, the user 
        community, and interagency partners on program development and 
        best management practices; and
            ``(5) to the extent practicable, balance user access to 
        commercial prototypes available for use across a broad class of 
        applications and Federal research prototypes that enable 
        benchmarking a wider variety of early-stage devices.
    ``(c) Leveraging.--In carrying out this section, the Secretary 
shall leverage resources and expertise across the Department of Energy 
and from--
            ``(1) the National Institute of Standards and Technology;
            ``(2) the National Science Foundation;
            ``(3) the National Aeronautics and Space Administration;
            ``(4) other relevant Federal agencies;
            ``(5) the National Laboratories;
            ``(6) industry stakeholders;
            ``(7) institutions of higher education; and
            ``(8) the National Quantum Information Science Research 
        Centers.
    ``(d) Security.--In carrying out the activities authorized by this 
section, the Secretary, in consultation with the Director of the 
National Science Foundation and the Director of the National Institute 
of Standards and Technology, shall ensure proper security controls are 
in place to protect sensitive information, as appropriate.
    ``(e) Funding.--Of the funds authorized to be appropriated for the 
Department of Energy's Office of Science, there are authorized to be 
appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the activities under this 
section--
            ``(1) $30,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
            ``(2) $31,500,000 for fiscal year 2024;
            ``(3) $33,075,000 for fiscal year 2025;
            ``(4) $34,728,750 for fiscal year 2026; and
            ``(5) $36,465,188 for fiscal year 2027.''.
                    (B) Clerical amendment.--The table of contents in 
                section 1(b) of the National Quantum Initiative Act 
                (Public Law 115-368; 132 Stat. 5092) is amended by 
                inserting after the item relating to section 402 the 
                following:

``Sec. 403. Department of Energy quantum network infrastructure 
                            research and development program.
``Sec. 404. Department of Energy quantum user expansion for science and 
                            technology program.''.

SEC. 10105. FUSION ENERGY RESEARCH.

    (a) Fusion Energy Research.--Section 307 of the Department of 
Energy Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18645) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) in paragraph (2), by redesignating 
                subparagraphs (A) and (B) as clauses (i) and (ii), 
                respectively, and indenting appropriately;
                    (B) by redesignating paragraphs (1) and (2) as 
                subparagraphs (A) and (B), respectively, and indenting 
                appropriately;
                    (C) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A) (as so 
                redesignated), by striking ``As part of'' and inserting 
                the following:
            ``(1) In general.--As part of''; and
                    (D) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(2) Authorization of appropriations.--Out of funds 
        authorized to be appropriated under subsection (q), there is 
        authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out 
        activities described in paragraph (1) $50,000,000 for each of 
        fiscal years 2023 through 2027.'';
            (2) in subsection (d)(3)--
                    (A) by striking ``(o)'' and inserting ``(q)'';
                    (B) by striking ``subsection (d)'' and inserting 
                ``this subsection''; and
                    (C) by striking ``2025'' and inserting ``2027'';
            (3) in subsection (e)(4)--
                    (A) by striking ``(o)'' and inserting ``(q)'';
                    (B) by striking ``subsection (e)'' and inserting 
                ``this subsection''; and
                    (C) by striking ``2025'' and inserting ``2027'';
            (4) in subsection (i)(10)--
                    (A) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A)--
                            (i) by striking ``(o)'' and inserting 
                        ``(q)''; and
                            (ii) by striking ``subsection (i)'' and 
                        inserting ``this subsection'';
                    (B) in subparagraph (D), by striking ``and'' at the 
                end;
                    (C) in subparagraph (E), by striking the period at 
                the end and inserting a semicolon; and
                    (D) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(F) $45,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
                    ``(G) $45,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.'';
            (5) by striking subsection (j) and inserting the following:
    ``(j) Fusion Reactor System Design.--
            ``(1) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the date 
        of enactment of the Research and Development, Competition, and 
        Innovation Act, the Director shall establish not less than 2 
        national teams described in paragraph (2) that shall--
                    ``(A) develop conceptual pilot plant designs and 
                technology roadmaps; and
                    ``(B) create an engineering design of a pilot plant 
                that will bring fusion to commercial viability.
            ``(2) National teams.--A national team referred to in 
        paragraph (1) shall--
                    ``(A) be composed of developers, manufacturers, 
                universities, National Laboratories, and 
                representatives of the engineering, procurement, and 
                construction industries; and
                    ``(B) include public-private partnerships.
            ``(3) Authorization of appropriations.--Of the funds 
        authorized to be appropriated for Fusion Energy Sciences in a 
        fiscal year, there are authorized to be appropriated to the 
        Secretary to carry out this subsection--
                    ``(A) $35,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                    ``(B) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                    ``(C) $65,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
                    ``(D) $80,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
                    ``(E) $80,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.'';
            (6) by redesignating subsection (o) as subsection (r);
            (7) by inserting after subsection (n) the following:
    ``(o) High-performance Computation Collaborative Research 
Program.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall carry out a program 
        to conduct and support collaborative research, development, and 
        demonstration of fusion energy technologies, through high-
        performance computation modeling and simulation techniques, in 
        order--
                    ``(A) to support fundamental research in plasmas 
                and matter at very high temperatures and densities;
                    ``(B) to inform the development of a broad range of 
                fusion energy systems; and
                    ``(C) to facilitate the translation of research 
                results in fusion energy science to industry.
            ``(2) Coordination.--In carrying out the program under 
        paragraph (1), the Secretary shall coordinate with relevant 
        Federal agencies, and prioritize the following objectives:
                    ``(A) To use expertise from the private sector, 
                institutions of higher education, and the National 
                Laboratories to leverage existing, and develop new, 
                computational software and capabilities that 
                prospective users may use to accelerate research and 
                development of fusion energy systems.
                    ``(B) To develop computational tools to simulate 
                and predict fusion energy science phenomena that may be 
                validated through physical experimentation.
                    ``(C) To increase the utility of the research 
                infrastructure of the Department by coordinating with 
                the Advanced Scientific Computing Research program 
                within the Office of Science.
                    ``(D) To leverage experience from existing modeling 
                and simulation entities sponsored by the Department.
                    ``(E) To ensure that new experimental and 
                computational tools are accessible to relevant research 
                communities, including private sector entities engaged 
                in fusion energy technology development.
                    ``(F) To ensure that newly developed computational 
                tools are compatible with modern virtual engineering 
                and visualization capabilities to accelerate the 
                realization of fusion energy technologies and systems.
            ``(3) Duplication.--The Secretary shall ensure the 
        coordination of, and avoid unnecessary duplication of, the 
        activities of the program under paragraph (1) with the 
        activities of--
                    ``(A) other research entities of the Department, 
                including the National Laboratories, the Advanced 
                Research Projects Agency--Energy, and the Advanced 
                Scientific Computing Research program within the Office 
                of Science; and
                    ``(B) industry.
            ``(4) High-performance computing for fusion innovation 
        center.--
                    ``(A) In general.--In carrying out the program 
                under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall, in 
                coordination with the Innovation Network for Fusion 
                Energy, establish and operate a national High-
                Performance Computing for Fusion Innovation Center 
                (referred to in this paragraph as the `Center'), to 
                support the program under paragraph (1) by providing, 
                to the extent practicable, a centralized entity for 
                multidisciplinary, collaborative, fusion energy 
                research and development through high-performance 
                computing and advanced data analytics technologies and 
                processes.
                    ``(B) Eligible entities.--An entity eligible to 
                serve as the Center shall be--
                            ``(i) a National Laboratory;
                            ``(ii) an institution of higher education;
                            ``(iii) a multi-institutional 
                        collaboration; or
                            ``(iv) any other entity that the Secretary 
                        determines to be appropriate.
                    ``(C) Application; selection.--
                            ``(i) Application.--To be eligible to serve 
                        as the Center, an eligible entity shall submit 
                        to the Secretary an application at such time, 
                        in such manner, and containing such information 
                        as the Secretary may require.
                            ``(ii) Selection.--The Secretary shall 
                        select the Center on a competitive, merit-
                        reviewed basis.
                    ``(D) Existing activities.--The Center may 
                incorporate existing research activities that are 
                consistent with the program under paragraph (1).
                    ``(E) Priorities.--
                            ``(i) In general.--The Center shall 
                        prioritize activities that utilize expertise 
                        and infrastructure from a balance among the 
                        private sector, institutions of higher 
                        education, and the National Laboratories to 
                        enhance existing computation tools and develop 
                        new computational software and capabilities to 
                        accelerate the commercial application of fusion 
                        energy systems.
                            ``(ii) Maintenance of resource 
                        availability.--The Secretary may enter into 
                        contracts with commercial cloud computing 
                        providers to ensure that resource availability 
                        within the Department is not reduced or 
                        disproportionately distributed as a result of 
                        Center activities.
                    ``(F) Duration.--Subject to subparagraph (G), the 
                Center shall receive support for a period of not more 
                than 5 years, subject to the availability of 
                appropriations.
                    ``(G) Renewal.--On the expiration of the period of 
                support of the Center under subparagraph (F), the 
                Secretary may renew support for the Center, on a merit-
                reviewed basis, for a period of not more than 5 years.
    ``(p) Material Plasma Exposure Experiment.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall construct a Material 
        Plasma Exposure Experiment facility as described in the 2020 
        publication approved by the Fusion Energy Sciences Advisory 
        Committee entitled `Powering the Future: Fusion and Plasmas'. 
        The Secretary shall consult with the private sector, 
        institutions of higher education, National Laboratories, and 
        relevant Federal agencies to ensure that the facility is 
        capable of meeting Federal research needs for steady state, 
        high-heat-flux, and plasma-material interaction testing of 
        fusion materials over a range of fusion energy relevant 
        parameters.
            ``(2) Facility capabilities.--The Secretary shall ensure 
        that the facility described in paragraph (1) will provide the 
        following capabilities:
                    ``(A) A magnetic field at the target of 1 Tesla.
                    ``(B) An energy flux at the target of 10 MW/m\2\.
                    ``(C) The ability to expose previously irradiated 
                plasma facing material samples to plasma.
            ``(3) Start of operations.--The Secretary shall, subject to 
        the availability of appropriations, ensure that the start of 
        full operations of the facility described in paragraph (1) 
        occurs before December 31, 2027.
            ``(4) Funding.--Of the funds authorized to be appropriated 
        for Fusion Energy Sciences, there are authorized to be 
        appropriated to the Secretary for the Office of Fusion Energy 
        Sciences to complete construction of the facility described in 
        paragraph (1)--
                    ``(A) $21,895,000 for fiscal year 2023; and
                    ``(B) $3,800,000 for fiscal year 2024.
    ``(q) Matter in Extreme Conditions Instrument Upgrade.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall provide for the 
        upgrade to the Matter in Extreme Conditions endstation at the 
        Linac Coherent Light Source as described in the 2020 
        publication approved by the Fusion Energy Sciences Advisory 
        Committee entitled `Powering the Future: Fusion and Plasmas'. 
        The Secretary shall consult with the private sector, 
        institutions of higher education, National Laboratories, and 
        relevant Federal agencies to ensure that this facility is 
        capable of meeting Federal research needs for understanding 
        physical and chemical changes to plasmas at fundamental 
        timescales, and explore new regimes of dense material physics, 
        astrophysics, planetary physics, and short-pulse laser-plasma 
        interactions.
            ``(2) Start of operations.--The Secretary shall, subject to 
        the availability of appropriations, ensure that the start of 
        full operations of the facility described in paragraph (1) 
        occurs before December 31, 2028.''; and
            (8) in subsection (r) (as so redesignated)--
                    (A) by striking ``There'' and inserting ``Out of 
                funds authorized to be appropriated for the Office of 
                Science in a fiscal year, there''; and
                    (B) by striking paragraphs (3) through (5) and 
                inserting the following:
            ``(3) $1,025,500,400 for fiscal year 2023;
            ``(4) $1,043,489,724 for fiscal year 2024;
            ``(5) $1,053,266,107 for fiscal year 2025;
            ``(6) $1,047,962,074 for fiscal year 2026; and
            ``(7) $1,114,187,798 for fiscal year 2027.''.
    (b) ITER Construction.--Section 972(c)(3) of the Energy Policy Act 
of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16312(c)(3)) is amended--
            (1) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``and'' at the end; 
        and
            (2) by striking subparagraph (B) and inserting the 
        following:
                    ``(B) $379,700,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                    ``(C) $419,250,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                    ``(D) $415,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
                    ``(E) $370,500,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
                    ``(F) $411,078,000 for fiscal year 2027.''.

SEC. 10106. HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS PROGRAM.

    (a) Program.--Section 305 of the Department of Energy Research and 
Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18643) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating subsections (b) through (d) as 
        subsections (d) through (f), respectively; and
            (2) by inserting after subsection (a) the following:
    ``(b) Program.--As part of the activities authorized under section 
209 of the Department of Energy Organization Act (42 U.S.C. 7139), the 
Director shall carry out a research program in elementary particle 
physics and advanced technology research and development to improve the 
understanding of the fundamental properties of the universe, including 
constituents of matter and energy and the nature of space and time.
    ``(c) High Energy Frontier Research.--As part of the program 
described in subsection (b), the Director shall carry out research 
using high energy accelerators and advanced detectors, including 
accelerators and detectors that will function as national user 
facilities, to create and study interactions of elementary particles 
and investigate fundamental forces.''.
    (b) International Collaboration.--Section 305 of the Department of 
Energy Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18643) is amended by 
striking subsection (d) (as redesignated by subsection (a)(1)) and 
inserting the following:
    ``(d) International Collaboration.--The Director shall--
            ``(1) as practicable and in coordination with other 
        appropriate Federal agencies as necessary, ensure the access of 
        United States researchers to the most advanced accelerator 
        facilities and research capabilities in the world, including 
        the Large Hadron Collider;
            ``(2) to the maximum extent practicable, continue to 
        leverage United States participation in the Large Hadron 
        Collider, and prioritize expanding international partnerships 
        and investments in the Long-Baseline Neutrino Facility and Deep 
        Underground Neutrino Experiment; and
            ``(3) to the maximum extent practicable, prioritize 
        engagement in collaborative efforts in support of future 
        international facilities that would provide access to the most 
        advanced accelerator facilities in the world to United States 
        researchers.''.
    (c) Cosmic Frontier Research.--Section 305 of the Department of 
Energy Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18645) is amended by 
striking subsection (f) (as redesignated by subsection (a)(1)) and 
inserting the following:
    ``(f) Cosmic Frontier Research.--The Director shall carry out 
research activities on the nature of the primary contents of the 
universe, including the nature of dark energy and dark matter. These 
activities shall, to the maximum extent practicable, be consistent with 
the research priorities identified by the High Energy Physics Advisory 
Panel or the National Academy of Sciences, and may include--
            ``(1) collaborations with the National Aeronautics and 
        Space Administration, the National Science Foundation, or 
        international partners on relevant projects; and
            ``(2) the development of space-based, land-based, water-
        based, and underground facilities and experiments.''.
    (d) Further Activities.--Section 305 of the Department of Energy 
Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18645) (as amended by subsection 
(c)), is amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(g) Facility Construction and Major Items of Equipment.--
            ``(1) Projects.--Consistent with the Office of Science's 
        project management practices, the Director shall, to the 
        maximum extent practicable, by incorporating the findings and 
        recommendations of the 2014 Particle Physics Project 
        Prioritization Panel (P5) report entitled `Building for 
        Discovery', support construction or fabrication of--
                    ``(A) an international Long-Baseline Neutrino 
                Facility based in the United States;
                    ``(B) the Proton Improvement Plan II;
                    ``(C) Second Generation Dark Matter experiments;
                    ``(D) the Legacy Survey of Space and Time camera;
                    ``(E) upgrades to detectors and other components of 
                the Large Hadron Collider; and
                    ``(F) the Cosmic Microwave Background Stage 4 
                project; and
                    ``(G) other high priority projects recommended in 
                the most recent report of the Particle Physics Project 
                Prioritization Panel of the High Energy Physics 
                Advisory Panel.
            ``(2) Long-baseline neutrino facility.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall support 
                construction of a Long-Baseline Neutrino Facility to 
                facilitate the international Deep Underground Neutrino 
                Experiment to examine the fundamental properties of 
                neutrinos, explore physics beyond the Standard Model, 
                and better clarify the existence and nature of 
                antimatter.
                    ``(B) Facility capabilities.--The Secretary shall 
                ensure that the facility described in subparagraph (A) 
                will provide, at a minimum, the following capabilities:
                            ``(i) A neutrino beam with wideband 
                        capability of 1.2 megawatts of beam power and 
                        upgradable to 2.4 megawatts of beam power.
                            ``(ii) 3 caverns excavated for a 70 kiloton 
                        fiducial detector mass and supporting surface 
                        buildings and utilities.
                            ``(iii) Cryogenic systems to support 
                        neutrino detectors.
                    ``(C) Start of operations.--The Secretary shall, 
                subject to the availability of appropriations, ensure 
                that the start of full operations of the facility 
                described in subparagraph (A) occurs before December 
                31, 2031.
                    ``(D) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be 
                appropriated under subsection (k), there are authorized 
                to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out 
                construction of the project described in subparagraph 
                (A)--
                            ``(i) $180,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                            ``(ii) $255,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                            ``(iii) $305,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
                            ``(iv) $305,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; 
                        and
                            ``(v) $305,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.
            ``(3) Proton improvement plan-ii accelerator upgrade 
        project.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall support 
                construction of the Proton Improvement Plan II, an 
                upgrade to the Fermilab accelerator complex identified 
                in the 2014 Particle Physics Project Prioritization 
                Panel (P5) report entitled `Building for Discovery', to 
                provide the world's most intense beam of neutrinos to 
                the international Long Baseline Neutrino Facility and 
                to carry out a broad range of future high energy 
                physics experiments. The Secretary shall work with 
                international partners to enable further significant 
                contributions to the capabilities of that project.
                    ``(B) Facility capabilities.--The Secretary shall 
                ensure that the facility described in subparagraph (A) 
                will provide, at a minimum, the following capabilities:
                            ``(i) A state-of-the-art 800 megaelectron 
                        volt superconducting linear accelerator.
                            ``(ii) Proton beam power of 1.2 megawatts 
                        at the start of LBNF/DUNE, upgradeable to 2.4 
                        megawatts of beam power.
                            ``(iii) A flexible design to enable high 
                        power beam delivery to multiple users 
                        simultaneously and customized beams tailored to 
                        specific scientific needs.
                            ``(iv) Sustained high reliability operation 
                        of the Fermilab accelerator complex.
                    ``(C) Start of operations.--The Secretary shall, 
                subject to the availability of appropriations, ensure 
                that the start of full operations of the facility 
                described in subparagraph (A) occurs before December 
                31, 2028.
                    ``(D) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be 
                appropriated under subsection (k), there are authorized 
                to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out 
                construction of the facility described in subparagraph 
                (A)--
                            ``(i) $130,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                            ``(ii) $120,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                            ``(iii) $120,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
                            ``(iv) $115,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; 
                        and
                            ``(v) $110,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.
            ``(4) Cosmic microwave background stage 4.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary, in partnership 
                with the Director of the National Science Foundation, 
                shall support construction of the Cosmic Microwave 
                Background Stage 4 project to survey the cosmic 
                microwave background to test theories of cosmic 
                inflation as described in the 2014 Particle Physics 
                Prioritization Panel (P5) report entitled `Building for 
                Discovery: Strategic Plan for U.S. Particle Physics in 
                the Global Context.'.
                    ``(B) Consultation.--The Secretary shall consult 
                with the private sector, institutions of higher 
                education, National Laboratories, and relevant Federal 
                agencies to ensure that the project described in 
                subparagraph (A) is capable of meeting Federal research 
                needs in accessing the ultra-high energy physics of 
                inflation and important neutrino properties.
                    ``(C) Experimental capabilities.--The Secretary 
                shall ensure to the maximum extent practicable that the 
                facility described in subparagraph (A) will provide, at 
                a minimum, 500,000 superconducting detectors deployed 
                on an array of millimeter-wave telescopes with the 
                required range in frequency, sensitivity, and survey 
                speed that will provide sufficient capability to enable 
                an order of magnitude advance in observations of the 
                Cosmic Microwave Background, delivering transformative 
                discoveries in fundamental physics, cosmology, and 
                astrophysics.
                    ``(D) Start of operations.--The Secretary shall, 
                subject to the availability of appropriations, ensure 
                that the start of full operations of the facility 
                described in subparagraph (A) occurs before December 
                31, 2030.
                    ``(E) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be 
                appropriated under subsection (k), there are authorized 
                to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out 
                construction of the facility described in subparagraph 
                (A)--
                            ``(i) $10,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                            ``(ii) $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                            ``(iii) $60,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
                            ``(iv) $80,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; 
                        and
                            ``(v) $80,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.
    ``(h) Accelerator and Detector Upgrades.--The Director shall 
upgrade accelerator facilities and detectors, as necessary and 
appropriate, to increase beam power, sustain high reliability, and 
improve precision measurement to advance the highest priority particle 
physics research programs. In carrying out facility upgrades, the 
Director shall continue to work with international partners, when 
appropriate and in the United States' interest, to leverage investments 
and expertise in critical technologies to help build and upgrade 
accelerator and detector facilities in the United States.
    ``(i) Accelerator and Detector Research and Development.--As part 
of the program described in subsection (b), the Director shall carry 
out research and development in particle beam physics, accelerator 
science and technology, and particle and radiation detection with 
relevance to the specific needs of the High Energy Physics program, in 
coordination with the Accelerator Research and Development program 
authorized under section 310.
    ``(j) Underground Science.--The Director shall--
            ``(1) support an underground science program consistent 
        with the missions of the Department and the scientific needs of 
        the High Energy Physics program, including those articulated in 
        the most recent report of the Particle Physics Project 
        Prioritization Panel of the High Energy Physics Advisory Panel, 
        that leverages the capabilities of relevant underground science 
        and engineering facilities;
            ``(2) carry out a competitive grant program to award 
        scientists and engineers at institutions of higher education, 
        nonprofit institutions, and National Laboratories to conduct 
        research in underground science and engineering; and
            ``(3) submit to the Committee on Energy and Natural 
        Resources of the Senate and the Committee on Science, Space, 
        and Technology of the House of Representatives a report on the 
        inventory of underground mines in the United States that may be 
        suitable for future development of underground science and 
        engineering facilities and any anticipated challenges 
        associated with repurposing, repair, facility siting, or 
        construction.
    ``(k) Authorization of Appropriations.--Out of funds authorized to 
be appropriated for the Office of Science in a fiscal year, there are 
authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the 
activities described in this section--
            ``(1) $1,159,520,000 for fiscal year 2023;
            ``(2) $1,289,891,200 for fiscal year 2024;
            ``(3) $1,428,284,672 for fiscal year 2025;
            ``(4) $1,499,881,752 for fiscal year 2026; and
            ``(5) $1,554,874,657 for fiscal year 2027.''.

SEC. 10107. NUCLEAR PHYSICS PROGRAM.

    Section 308 of the Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act 
(Public Law 115-246; 132 Stat. 3150) is amended to read as follows:

``SEC. 308. NUCLEAR PHYSICS.

    ``(a) Program.--As part of the activities authorized under section 
209 of the Department of Energy Organization Act (42 U.S.C. 7139), the 
Director shall carry out a research program, and support relevant 
facilities, to discover and understand various forms of nuclear matter.
    ``(b) Electron Ion Collider.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall support construction 
        of an Electron Ion Collider as described in the 2015 Long Range 
        Plan of the Nuclear Science Advisory Committee and the report 
        from the National Academies of Science, Engineering, and 
        Medicine entitled `An Assessment of U.S.-Based Electron-Ion 
        Collider Science', in order to measure the internal structure 
        of the proton and the nucleus and answer fundamental questions 
        about the nature of visible matter.
            ``(2) Facility capability.--The Secretary shall ensure that 
        the facility described in paragraph (1) meets the requirements 
        in the 2015 Long Range Plan described in that paragraph, 
        including--
                    ``(A) at least 70 percent polarized beams of 
                electrons and light ions;
                    ``(B) ion beams from deuterium to the heaviest 
                stable nuclei;
                    ``(C) variable center of mass energy from 20 to 140 
                GeV;
                    ``(D) high collision luminosity of 1033	34cm-2s-1; 
                and
                    ``(E) the possibility of more than 1 interaction 
                region.
            ``(3) Start of operations.--The Secretary shall, subject to 
        the availability of appropriations, ensure that the start of 
        full operations of the facility under this subsection occurs 
        before December 31, 2030.
            ``(4) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be appropriated 
        under subsection (c), there are authorized to be appropriated 
        to the Secretary to carry out construction of the facility 
        under this subsection--
                    ``(A) $90,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                    ``(B) $181,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                    ``(C) $219,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
                    ``(D) $297,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
                    ``(E) $301,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.
    ``(c) Authorization of Appropriations.--Out of funds authorized to 
be appropriated for the Office of Science in a fiscal year, there are 
authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the 
activities described in this section--
            ``(1) $840,480,000 for fiscal year 2023;
            ``(2) $976,508,800 for fiscal year 2024;
            ``(3) $1,062,239,328 for fiscal year 2025;
            ``(4) $1,190,833,688 for fiscal year 2026; and
            ``(5) $1,248,463,709 for fiscal year 2027.''.

SEC. 10108. SCIENCE LABORATORIES INFRASTRUCTURE PROGRAM.

    Section 309 of the Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act 
(42 U.S.C. 18647) is amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(c) Approach.--In carrying out the program under subsection (a), 
the Director shall use all available approaches and mechanisms, as the 
Secretary determines to be appropriate, including--
            ``(1) capital line items;
            ``(2) minor construction projects;
            ``(3) energy savings performance contracts;
            ``(4) utility energy service contracts;
            ``(5) alternative financing; and
            ``(6) expense funding.
    ``(d) Submission to Congress.--For each fiscal year through fiscal 
year 2027, at the same time as the annual budget submission of the 
President, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on 
Appropriations and the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the 
Senate and the Committee on Appropriations and the Committee on 
Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives a list 
of projects for which the Secretary will provide funding under this 
section, including a description of each project and the funding 
profile for the project.
    ``(e) Authorization of Appropriations.--Out of funds authorized to 
be appropriated for the Office of Science in a fiscal year, there is 
authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the 
activities described in this section $550,000,000 for each of fiscal 
years 2023 through 2027.''.

SEC. 10109. ACCELERATOR RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT.

    The Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 
18601 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 310. ACCELERATOR RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT.

    ``(a) Program.--As part of the activities authorized under section 
209 of the Department of Energy Organization Act (42 U.S.C. 7139), the 
Director shall carry out a research program--
            ``(1) to advance accelerator science and technology 
        relevant to the Department, other Federal agencies, and United 
        States industry;
            ``(2) to foster partnerships to develop, demonstrate, and 
        enable the commercial application of accelerator technologies;
            ``(3) to support the development of a skilled, diverse, and 
        inclusive accelerator workforce; and
            ``(4) to provide access to accelerator design and 
        engineering resources.
    ``(b) Accelerator Research.--In carrying out the program authorized 
under subsection (a), the Director shall support--
            ``(1) research activities in cross-cutting accelerator 
        technologies including superconducting magnets and 
        accelerators, beam physics, data analytics-based accelerator 
        controls, simulation software, new particle sources, advanced 
        laser technology, and transformative research; and
            ``(2) optimal operation of the Accelerator Test Facility.
    ``(c) Accelerator Development.--In carrying out the program 
authorized under subsection (a), the Director shall support 
partnerships to foster the development, demonstration, and commercial 
application of accelerator technologies, including advanced 
superconducting wire and cable, superconducting RF cavities, and high 
efficiency radiofrequency power sources for accelerators.
    ``(d) Research Collaborations.--In developing accelerator 
technologies under the program authorized under subsection (a), the 
Director shall--
            ``(1) consider the requirements necessary to support 
        translational research and development for medical, industrial, 
        security, and defense applications; and
            ``(2) leverage investments in accelerator technologies and 
        fundamental research in particle physics by partnering with 
        institutions of higher education, industry, and other Federal 
        agencies to enable the commercial application of advanced 
        accelerator technologies.
    ``(e) Authorization of Appropriations.--Out of funds authorized to 
be appropriated for the Office of Science in a fiscal year, there are 
authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the 
activities described in this section--
            ``(1) $19,080,000 for fiscal year 2023;
            ``(2) $20,224,800 for fiscal year 2024;
            ``(3) $21,438,288 for fiscal year 2025;
            ``(4) $22,724,585 for fiscal year 2026; and
            ``(5) $24,088,060 for fiscal year 2027.''.

SEC. 10110. ISOTOPE RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT, AND PRODUCTION.

    (a) In General.--The Department of Energy Research and Innovation 
Act (42 U.S.C. 18601 et seq.) is amended by adding after section 310 
(as added by section 10109) the following:

``SEC. 311. ISOTOPE RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT, AND PRODUCTION.

    ``(a) Definition of Critical Radioactive and Stable Isotope.--
            ``(1) In general.--In this section, the term `critical 
        radioactive and stable isotope' means a radioactive and stable 
        isotope--
                    ``(A) the domestic commercial production of which 
                is unavailable or inadequate to satisfy the demand of 
                research, medical, industrial, or related industries in 
                the United States; and
                    ``(B) the supply of which is augmented through--
                            ``(i) Department production; or
                            ``(ii) foreign suppliers.
            ``(2) Exclusion.--In this section, the term `critical 
        radioactive and stable isotope' does not include the medical 
        isotope molybdenum-99, the production and supply of which is 
        addressed in the American Medical Isotopes Production Act of 
        2012 (Public Law 112-239; 126 Stat. 2211) (including the 
        amendments made by that Act).
    ``(b) Program.--The Director shall--
            ``(1) carry out, in coordination with other relevant 
        programs across the Department, a program--
                    ``(A) for the production of critical radioactive 
                and stable isotopes, including the development of 
                techniques to produce isotopes, that the Secretary 
                determines are needed and of sufficient quality and 
                quantity for research, medical, industrial, or related 
                purposes;
                    ``(B) for the production of critical radioactive 
                and stable isotopes that are in short supply or 
                projected to be in short supply in the future, 
                including byproducts, surplus materials, and related 
                isotope services;
                    ``(C) to maintain and enhance the infrastructure 
                required to produce and supply critical radioactive and 
                stable isotope products and related services;
                    ``(D) to conduct research and development on new 
                and improved isotope production and processing 
                techniques that can make critical radioactive and 
                stable isotopes available for research and application 
                as soon as possible while assisting in workforce 
                development;
                    ``(E) to reduce domestic dependency on the foreign 
                supply of critical radioactive and stable isotopes to 
                ensure national preparedness; and
                    ``(F) to the maximum extent practicable, in 
                accordance with--
                            ``(i) evidence-based reports, such as the 
                        2015 report of the Nuclear Science Advisory 
                        Committee entitled `Meeting Isotope Needs and 
                        Capturing Opportunities for the Future'; and
                            ``(ii) assessments of isotope supply 
                        chains, including the assessment described in 
                        paragraph (3), any reports submitted pursuant 
                        to subsection (d), and other current and future 
                        assessments;
            ``(2) ensure that isotope production activities carried out 
        under this subsection are consistent with the statement of 
        policy entitled `Policies and Procedures for Transfer of 
        Commercial Radioisotope Production and Distribution to Private 
        Industry' (30 Fed. Reg. 3247 (March 9, 1965));
            ``(3) assess the domestic requirements of current and 
        emerging critical radioactive and stable isotopes and 
        associated applications, including by consulting end-users, to 
        identify areas that may require Federal investment for 
        expedited development of domestic production capacity for those 
        isotopes, including through public-private partnerships, as 
        appropriate;
            ``(4) ensure that actions taken by the Department do not 
        interfere with, delay, compete with, or otherwise adversely 
        affect efforts by the private sector to make available or 
        otherwise facilitate the supply of critical radioactive and 
        stable isotopes, including efforts under existing agreements 
        between the Department or contractors of the Department and the 
        private sector; and
            ``(5) in coordination with the Assistant Secretary for 
        Nuclear Energy, assess options for demonstrating the production 
        of critical radioactive and stable isotopes in research, test, 
        or commercial nuclear reactors and accelerators, including 
        reactors and accelerators operated at universities.
    ``(c) Advisory Committee.--
            ``(1) In general.--Not later than 90 days after the date of 
        enactment of this section, the Secretary shall establish an 
        advisory committee (referred to in this subsection as the 
        `committee') in alignment with the program established under 
        subsection (b)--
                    ``(A) to carry out the activities previously 
                executed as part of the Isotope Subcommittee of the 
                Nuclear Science Advisory Committee; and
                    ``(B) to provide expert advice and assistance to 
                the Director in carrying out that program.
            ``(2) Report.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the 
                committee is established, the committee shall--
                            ``(i) update the 2015 Nuclear Science 
                        Advisory Committee Isotopes Subcommittee Report 
                        entitled `Meeting Isotope Needs and Capturing 
                        Opportunities for the Future'; and
                            ``(ii) periodically update that report 
                        thereafter as needed.
                    ``(B) Inclusions.--An updated report under 
                subparagraph (A) shall include an assessment of--
                            ``(i) current demand in the United States 
                        for critical radioactive and stable isotopes;
                            ``(ii) the impact of continued reliance on 
                        foreign supply of critical radioactive and 
                        stable isotopes;
                            ``(iii) proposed mitigation strategies, 
                        including increasing domestic production 
                        sources for critical radioactive and stable 
                        isotopes, that--
                                    ``(I) are not commercially 
                                available; or
                                    ``(II) are commercially produced in 
                                quantities that are not sufficient--
                                            ``(aa) to satisfy domestic 
                                        demand; and
                                            ``(bb) to minimize 
                                        production constraints and 
                                        supply disruptions to the 
                                        United States healthcare and 
                                        industrial isotope industries;
                            ``(iv) current facilities, including 
                        upgrades to those facilities, and new 
                        facilities needed to meet domestic critical 
                        isotope needs; and
                            ``(v) workforce development needs.
            ``(3) Nonduplication.--The committee shall work in 
        alignment with, and shall not duplicate the efforts of, 
        preexisting advisory committees that are advising the program 
        established under subsection (b).
            ``(4) FACA.--The committee shall be subject to the Federal 
        Advisory Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.).
    ``(d) Report.--
            ``(1) In general.--Not later than the end of the first 
        fiscal year beginning after the date of enactment of this 
        section, and biennially thereafter, the Secretary of Energy 
        Advisory Board shall submit to the Committees on Energy and 
        Natural Resources and Environment and Public Works of the 
        Senate and the Committees on Science, Space, and Technology and 
        Energy and Commerce of the House of Representatives a report 
        describing the progress made under the program established 
        under subsection (b) during the preceding 2 fiscal years.
            ``(2) Inclusions.--Each report under paragraph (1) shall 
        include--
                    ``(A) an updated assessment of any critical 
                radioactive and stable isotope shortages in the United 
                States;
                    ``(B) a description of--
                            ``(i) any disruptions in the international 
                        supply of critical radioactive and stable 
                        isotopes during the preceding 2 fiscal years; 
                        and
                            ``(ii) the impact of those disruptions on 
                        related activities; and
                    ``(C)(i) a projection of anticipated disruptions in 
                the international supply, or supply constraints, of 
                critical radioactive and stable isotopes during the 
                next 2 fiscal years; and
                    ``(ii) the anticipated impact of those disruptions 
                or constraints, as applicable, on related domestic 
                activities.
    ``(e) Authorization of Appropriations.--Out of funds authorized to 
be appropriated for the Office of Science in a fiscal year, there are 
authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this 
section--
            ``(1) $175,708,000 for fiscal year 2023;
            ``(2) $196,056,480 for fiscal year 2024;
            ``(3) $215,759,869 for fiscal year 2025;
            ``(4) $200,633,461 for fiscal year 2026; and
            ``(5) $146,293,469 for fiscal year 2027.''.
    (b) Demonstration of Isotope Production.--Section 952(a) of the 
Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16272(a)) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating paragraph (2) as paragraph (4) and 
        moving the paragraph so as to appear after paragraph (3); and
            (2) by inserting after paragraph (1) the following:
            ``(2) Isotope demonstration evaluation.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the 
                date of enactment of the Research and Development, 
                Competition, and Innovation Act, the Secretary, acting 
                through the Assistant Secretary for Nuclear Energy, 
                shall evaluate the technical and economic feasibility 
                of the establishment of an isotope demonstration 
                subprogram of the program established under paragraph 
                (1) to support the development and commercial 
                demonstration of critical radioactive and stable 
                isotope production in existing commercial nuclear power 
                plants.
                    ``(B) Consultation.--The Secretary, acting through 
                the Assistant Secretary for Nuclear Energy, shall 
                consult with the Director of the Office of Science in 
                carrying out the evaluation under subparagraph (A).
                    ``(C) Definition of critical radioactive and stable 
                isotope.--In this paragraph, the term `critical 
                radioactive and stable isotope' has the meaning given 
                the term in section 311(a) of the Department of Energy 
                Research and Innovation Act.''.
    (c) Radioisotope Processing Facility.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary of Energy (referred to in 
        this subsection as ``the Secretary'') shall construct a 
        radioisotope processing facility to provide for the growing 
        radiochemical processing capability needs associated with the 
        production of critical radioactive isotopes authorized under 
        section 311 of the Department of Energy Research and Innovation 
        Act.
            (2) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be appropriated 
        under section 311(e) of the Department of Energy Research and 
        Innovation Act, there are authorized to be appropriated to the 
        Secretary to carry out this subsection--
                    (A) $30,500,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                    (B) $75,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                    (C) $105,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
                    (D) $83,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
                    (E) $43,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.
    (d) Stable Isotope Production and Research Center.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary of Energy (referred to in 
        this subsection as ``the Secretary'') shall establish a stable 
        isotope production and research center--
                    (A) to expand the ability of the United States to 
                perform multiple stable isotope production campaigns at 
                large-scale production, as authorized under section 311 
                of the Department of Energy Research and Innovation 
                Act;
                    (B) to mitigate the dependence of the United States 
                on foreign-produced stable isotopes;
                    (C) to promote economic resilience; and
                    (D) to conduct research and development on stable 
                isotope production and associated methods and 
                technology.
            (2) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be appropriated 
        under section 311(e) of the Department of Energy Research and 
        Innovation Act, there are authorized to be appropriated to the 
        Secretary to carry out this subsection--
                    (A) $74,400,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                    (B) $46,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                    (C) $31,200,000 for fiscal year 2025;
                    (D) $33,300,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
                    (E) $13,900,000 for fiscal year 2027.

SEC. 10111. INCREASED COLLABORATION WITH TEACHERS AND SCIENTISTS.

    (a) In General.--The Department of Energy Research and Innovation 
Act (42 U.S.C. 18601 et seq.) is amended by adding after section 311 
(as added by section 10110), the following:

``SEC. 312. INCREASED COLLABORATION WITH TEACHERS AND SCIENTISTS.

    ``The Director shall support the development of a scientific 
workforce through programs that facilitate collaboration between and 
among teachers at elementary schools and secondary schools served by 
local educational agencies, students at institutions of higher 
education, early-career researchers, faculty at institutions of higher 
education, and the National Laboratories, including through the use of 
proven techniques to expand the number of individuals from 
underrepresented groups pursuing and attaining skills or undergraduate 
and graduate degrees relevant to the mission of the Office of 
Science.''.
    (b) Authorization of Appropriations.--Section 3169 of the 
Department of Energy Science Education Enhancement Act (42 U.S.C. 
7381e) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``There are'' and inserting ``Out of funds 
        authorized to be appropriated for the Office of Science of the 
        Department of Energy in a fiscal year, there are''; and
            (2) by striking ``fiscal year 1991'' and inserting ``each 
        of fiscal years 2023 through 2027''.
    (c) Broadening Participation in Workforce Development for Teachers 
and Scientists.--
            (1) In general.--The Department of Energy Science Education 
        Enhancement Act is amended by inserting after section 3167 (42 
        U.S.C. 7381c-1) the following:

``SEC. 3167A. BROADENING PARTICIPATION FOR TEACHERS AND SCIENTISTS.

    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary shall--
            ``(1) expand opportunities to increase the number of highly 
        skilled science, technology, engineering, and mathematics 
        (STEM) professionals working in disciplines relevant to the 
        mission of the Department; and
            ``(2) broaden the recruitment pool to increase 
        participation from Historically Black Colleges or Universities 
        (as defined in section 3167B(f)), Hispanic-serving institutions 
        (as defined in that section), Tribal Colleges or Universities 
        (as defined in that section), minority-serving institutions (as 
        defined in that section), institutions in eligible 
        jurisdictions (as defined in that section), emerging research 
        institutions, community colleges, and scientific societies in 
        those disciplines.
    ``(b) Plan.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of 
the Research and Development, Competition, and Innovation Act, the 
Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and 
Technology of the House of Representatives and the Committees on Energy 
and Natural Resources and Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the 
Senate and make available to the public a plan for broadening 
participation of underrepresented groups in science, technology, 
engineering, and mathematics in programs supported by the Department, 
including--
            ``(1) a plan for supporting relevant Federal research award 
        grantees and leveraging the National Science Foundation 
        INCLUDES National Network and relevant partnerships, including 
        partnerships maintained by other Federal research agencies;
            ``(2) metrics for assessing the participation of 
        underrepresented groups in programs supported by the 
        Department;
            ``(3) experienced and potential barriers to broadening 
        participation of underrepresented groups in programs supported 
        by the Department, including recommended solutions; and
            ``(4) any other activities the Secretary determines 
        appropriate.
    ``(c) Authorization of Appropriations.--Of the amounts authorized 
to be appropriated under section 3169, not less than $2,000,000 is 
authorized to be appropriated each fiscal year for the activities 
described in this section.

``SEC. 3167B. EXPANDING OPPORTUNITIES FOR HIGHLY SKILLED SCIENCE, 
              TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING, AND MATHEMATICS (STEM) 
              PROFESSIONALS.

    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary shall--
            ``(1) expand opportunities and increase the number of 
        highly skilled science, technology, engineering, and 
        mathematics (STEM) professionals working in disciplines 
        relevant to the mission of the Department; and
            ``(2) broaden the recruitment pool to increase 
        participation from and expand partnerships with Historically 
        Black Colleges or Universities, Hispanic serving institutions, 
        Tribal Colleges or Universities, minority-serving institutions, 
        institutions in eligible jurisdictions, emerging research 
        institutions, community colleges, and scientific societies in 
        those disciplines.
    ``(b) Plan and Outreach Strategy.--
            ``(1) Plan.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Not later than 180 days after 
                the date of enactment of the Research and Development, 
                Competition, and Innovation Act, the Secretary shall 
                submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and 
                Technology of the House of Representatives and the 
                Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate 
                a 10-year educational plan to fund and expand new or 
                existing programs administered by the Office of Science 
                and sited at the National Laboratories and Department 
                user facilities to expand educational and workforce 
                development opportunities for underrepresented 
                individuals, including--
                            ``(i) high school, undergraduate, and 
                        graduate students; and
                            ``(ii) recent graduates, teachers, and 
                        faculty in STEM fields.
                    ``(B) Contents.--The plan under subparagraph (A) 
                may include paid internships, fellowships, temporary 
                employment, training programs, visiting student and 
                faculty programs, sabbaticals, and research support.
            ``(2) Outreach capacity.--The Secretary shall include in 
        the plan under paragraph (1) an outreach strategy to improve 
        the advertising, recruitment, and promotion of educational and 
        workforce development programs to community colleges, 
        Historically Black Colleges or Universities, Hispanic-serving 
        institutions, Tribal Colleges or Universities, minority-serving 
        institutions, institutions in eligible jurisdictions, and 
        emerging research institutions.
    ``(c) Building Research Capacity.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall develop programs 
        that strengthen the research capacity relevant to Office of 
        Science disciplines at emerging research institutions, 
        including minority-serving institutions, Tribal Colleges or 
        Universities, Historically Black Colleges or Universities, 
        institutions in eligible jurisdictions (as defined in section 
        2203(b)(3)(A) of the Energy Policy Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 
        13503(b)(3)(A))), institutions in communities with dislocated 
        workers who were previously employed in manufacturing, energy 
        production, including coal power plants, and mineral and 
        material mining, and other institutions of higher education.
            ``(2) Inclusions.--The programs developed under paragraph 
        (1) may include--
                    ``(A) enabling mutually beneficial and jointly 
                managed partnerships between research-intensive 
                institutions and emerging research institutions; and
                    ``(B) soliciting research proposals, fellowships, 
                training programs, and research support directly from 
                emerging research institutions.
    ``(d) Traineeships.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall establish a 
        university-led Traineeship Program to address workforce 
        development needs in STEM fields relevant to the Department.
            ``(2) Focus.--The focus of the Traineeship Program 
        established under paragraph (1) shall be on--
                    ``(A) supporting workforce development and research 
                experiences for underrepresented undergraduate and 
                graduate students; and
                    ``(B) increasing participation from 
                underrepresented populations.
            ``(3) Inclusion.--The traineeships under the Traineeship 
        Program established under paragraph (1) shall include 
        opportunities to build the next-generation workforce in 
        research areas critical to maintaining core competencies across 
        the programs of the Office of Science.
    ``(e) Evaluation.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall establish key 
        performance indicators to measure and monitor progress of 
        education and workforce programs and expand Departmental 
        activities for data collection and analysis.
            ``(2) Report.--Not later than 2 years after the date of 
        enactment of the Research and Development, Competition, and 
        Innovation Act, and every 2 years thereafter, the Secretary 
        shall submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology 
        and the Committee on Education and Labor of the House of 
        Representatives and the Committee on Energy and Natural 
        Resources and the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and 
        Pensions of the Senate a report summarizing progress toward 
        meeting the key performance indicators established under 
        paragraph (1).
    ``(f) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Community college.--The term `community college' 
        means--
                    ``(A) a public institution of higher education, 
                including additional locations, at which the highest 
                awarded degree, or the predominantly awarded degree, is 
                an associate degree; or
                    ``(B) any Tribal college or university.
            ``(2) Dislocated worker.--The term `dislocated worker' has 
        the meaning given the term in section 3 of the Workforce 
        Innovation and Opportunity Act (29 U.S.C. 3102).
            ``(3) Hispanic-serving institution.--The term `Hispanic-
        serving institution' has the meaning given the term in section 
        502(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
        1101a(a)).
            ``(4) Historically black college or university.--The term 
        `Historically Black College or University' has the meaning 
        given the term `part B institution' in section 322 of the 
        Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1061).
            ``(5) Institution in an eligible jurisdiction.--The term 
        `institution in an eligible jurisdiction' means an institution 
        of higher education (as defined in section 101 of the Higher 
        Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001)) that is located in an 
        eligible jurisdiction (as defined in section 2203(b)(3)(A) of 
        the Energy Policy Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 13503(b)(3)(A))).
            ``(6) Minority-serving institution.--The term `minority-
        serving institution' includes the entities described in any of 
        paragraphs (1) through (7) of section 371(a) of the Higher 
        Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1067q(a)).
            ``(7) STEM.--The term `STEM' means the subjects listed in 
        section 2 of the STEM Education Act of 2015 (42 U.S.C. 6621 
        note; Public Law 114-59).
            ``(8) Tribal college or university.--The term `Tribal 
        College or University' has the meaning given the term in 
        section 316(b) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
        1059c(b)).''.
            (2) Clerical amendment.--The table of contents in section 
        2(b) of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 
        1991 (Public Law 101-510; 104 Stat. 1497) is amended by 
        striking the items relating to sections 3167 and 3168 and 
        inserting the following:

``Sec. 3167. Partnerships with historically Black colleges and 
                            universities, Hispanic-serving 
                            institutions, and tribal colleges.
``Sec. 3167A. Broadening participation for teachers and scientists.
``Sec. 3167B. Expanding opportunities for highly skilled science, 
                            technology, engineering, and mathematics 
                            (STEM) professionals.
``Sec. 3168. Definitions.
``Sec. 3169. Authorization of appropriations.''.

SEC. 10112. HIGH INTENSITY LASER RESEARCH INITIATIVE; HELIUM 
              CONSERVATION PROGRAM; OFFICE OF SCIENCE EMERGING 
              BIOLOGICAL THREAT PREPAREDNESS RESEARCH INITIATIVE; 
              MIDSCALE INSTRUMENTATION AND RESEARCH EQUIPMENT PROGRAM; 
              AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    (a) In General.--The Department of Energy Research and Innovation 
Act (42 U.S.C. 18601 et seq.) (as amended by section 10111(a)) is 
amended by adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 313. HIGH INTENSITY LASER RESEARCH INITIATIVE.

    ``(a) In General.--The Director shall establish a high intensity 
laser research initiative consistent with the recommendations of the 
National Academies report entitled `Opportunities in Intense Ultrafast 
Lasers: Reaching for the Brightest Light' and the report from the 
Brightest Light Initiative workshop entitled `The Future of Intense 
Ultrafast Lasers in the U.S.'. The initiative should include research 
and development of petawatt-scale and of high average power laser 
technologies necessary for future facility needs in discovery science 
and to advance energy technologies, as well as support for a user 
network of academic and National Laboratory high intensity laser 
facilities.
    ``(b) Leverage.--The Director shall leverage new laser technologies 
for more compact, less complex, and low-cost accelerator systems needed 
for science applications.
    ``(c) Coordination.--
            ``(1) Director.--The Director shall coordinate the 
        initiative established under subsection (a) among all relevant 
        programs within the Office of Science.
            ``(2) Under secretary.--The Under Secretary for Science 
        shall coordinate the initiative established under subsection 
        (a) with other relevant programs within the Department and 
        other Federal agencies.
    ``(d) Authorization of Appropriations.--Out of funds authorized to 
be appropriated for the Office of Science in a fiscal year, there are 
authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the 
activities described in this section--
            ``(1) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
            ``(2) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
            ``(3) $150,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
            ``(4) $200,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
            ``(5) $250,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.

``SEC. 314. HELIUM CONSERVATION PROGRAM.

    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary shall establish a program to 
reduce the consumption of helium for Department grant recipients and 
facilities and encourage helium recycling and reuse. The program shall 
competitively award grants for--
            ``(1) the purchase of equipment to capture, reuse, and 
        recycle helium;
            ``(2) the installation, maintenance, and repair of new and 
        existing helium capture, reuse, and recycling equipment; and
            ``(3) helium alternatives research and development 
        activities.
    ``(b) Report.--Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment 
of the Research and Development, Competition, and Innovation Act, and 
every 3 years thereafter, the Director shall submit to the Committee on 
Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives and the 
Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate a report on the 
purchase of helium as part of research projects and facilities 
supported by the Department. The report shall include--
            ``(1) the quantity of helium purchased for projects and 
        facilities supported by Department grants;
            ``(2) a cost-analysis for such helium;
            ``(3) to the maximum extent practicable, information on 
        whether such helium was imported from outside the United 
        States, and if available, the country or region of the world 
        from which the helium was imported;
            ``(4) expected or experienced impacts of helium supply 
        shortages or prices on the research projects and facilities 
        supported by the Department; and
            ``(5) recommendations for reducing Department grant 
        recipients' exposure to volatile helium prices and supply 
        shortages.
    ``(c) Coordination.--In carrying out the program under this 
section, the Director shall coordinate with the National Science 
Foundation and other relevant Federal agencies on helium conservation 
activities.
    ``(d) Duration.--The program established under this section shall 
receive support for a period of not more than 5 years, subject to the 
availability of appropriations.
    ``(e) Renewal.--Upon expiration of any period of support of the 
program under this section, the Director may renew support for the 
program for a period of not more than 5 years.

``SEC. 315. OFFICE OF SCIENCE BIOLOGICAL THREAT PREPAREDNESS RESEARCH 
              INITIATIVE.

    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary shall establish within the Office 
of Science a cross-cutting research initiative, to be known as the 
`Biological Threat Preparedness Research Initiative', to leverage the 
innovative analytical resources and tools, user facilities, and 
advanced computational and networking capabilities of the Department in 
order to support efforts that prevent, prepare for, predict, and 
respond to biological threats to national security, including 
infectious diseases.
    ``(b) Competitive, Merit-reviewed Process.--The Secretary shall 
carry out the initiative established under subsection (a) through a 
competitive, merit-reviewed process, and consider applications from 
National Laboratories, institutions of higher education, multi-
institutional collaborations, industry partners and other appropriate 
entities.
    ``(c) Activities.--In carrying out the initiative established under 
subsection (a), the Secretary shall--
            ``(1) determine a comprehensive set of technical milestones 
        for the research activities described in that subsection;
            ``(2) prioritize the objectives of--
                    ``(A) supporting fundamental research and 
                development in advanced analytics, experimental 
                studies, materials synthesis, and high-performance 
                computing technologies needed in order to more quickly 
                and effectively characterize, model, simulate, and 
                predict complex natural phenomena and biological 
                materials related to emerging biological threats;
                    ``(B) supporting the development of tools that 
                inform epidemiological modeling, and applying 
                artificial intelligence, machine learning, and other 
                computing tools to accelerate such processes;
                    ``(C) supporting research and capabilities that 
                enhance understanding and modeling of the transport of 
                pathogens in indoor and outdoor air and water 
                environments;
                    ``(D) identifying priority research opportunities 
                and capabilities for molecular design and modeling for 
                medical countermeasures;
                    ``(E) ensuring that new experimental and 
                computational tools are accessible to relevant research 
                communities, including private sector entities and 
                other Federal research institutions; and
                    ``(F) supporting activities and projects that 
                combine computational modeling and simulation with 
                experimental research facilities and studies;
            ``(3) leverage the research infrastructure of the 
        Department, including scientific computing user facilities, x-
        ray light sources, neutron scattering facilities, nanoscale 
        science research centers, and sequencing and 
        biocharacterization facilities;
            ``(4) leverage experience from existing modeling and 
        simulation research and work sponsored by the Department and 
        promote collaboration and data sharing between National 
        Laboratories, research entities, and user facilities of the 
        Department by providing necessary access and secure data 
        transfer capabilities; and
            ``(5) ensure that new experimental and computational tools 
        are accessible to relevant research communities, including 
        private sector entities, to address emerging biological 
        threats.
    ``(d) Coordination.--In carrying out the initiative established 
under subsection (a), the Secretary shall coordinate activities with--
            ``(1) other relevant offices of the Department;
            ``(2) the National Nuclear Security Administration;
            ``(3) the National Laboratories;
            ``(4) the Director of the National Science Foundation;
            ``(5) the Director of the Centers for Disease Control and 
        Prevention;
            ``(6) the Director of the National Institutes of Health;
            ``(7) the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and 
        Response;
            ``(8) the heads of other relevant Federal agencies;
            ``(9) institutions of higher education; and
            ``(10) the private sector.
    ``(e) Infectious Diseases High Performance Computing Research 
Consortium.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary, in coordination with the 
        Director of the National Science Foundation and the Director of 
        the Office of Science and Technology Policy, shall establish 
        and operate an Emerging Infectious Diseases High Performance 
        Computing Research Consortium (referred to in this section as 
        the `Consortium'), to support the initiative established under 
        subsection (a) by providing, to the extent practicable, a 
        centralized entity for multidisciplinary, collaborative, 
        emerging infectious disease and biosecurity research and 
        development through high performance computing and advanced 
        data analytics technologies and processes, in conjunction with 
        the experimental research facilities and studies supported by 
        the Department.
            ``(2) Membership.--The members of the Consortium may 
        include representatives from relevant Federal agencies, the 
        National Laboratories, the private sector, and institutions of 
        higher education, which can each contribute relevant compute 
        time, capabilities, or other resources.
            ``(3) Activities.--The Consortium shall--
                    ``(A) match applicants with available Federal and 
                private sector computing resources;
                    ``(B) consider supplemental awards for computing 
                partnerships with Consortium members to qualifying 
                entities on a competitive merit-review basis;
                    ``(C) encourage collaboration and communication 
                among member representatives of the Consortium and 
                awardees;
                    ``(D) provide access to the high-performance 
                computing capabilities, expertise, and user facilities 
                of the Department and the National Laboratories; and
                    ``(E) submit an annual report to the Secretary 
                summarizing the activities of the Consortium, 
                including--
                            ``(i) describing each project undertaken by 
                        the Consortium;
                            ``(ii) detailing organizational 
                        expenditures; and
                            ``(iii) evaluating contributions to the 
                        achievement of technical milestones as 
                        determined in subsection (a).
            ``(4) Coordination.--The Secretary shall ensure the 
        coordination of, and avoid unnecessary duplication of, the 
        activities of the Consortium with the activities of other 
        research entities of the Department, other Federal research 
        institutions, institutions of higher education, and the private 
        sector.
    ``(f) Report.--Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment 
of the Research and Development, Competition, and Innovation Act, the 
Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and 
Technology and the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of 
Representatives, and the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, the 
Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, and the Committee 
on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions of the Senate, a report 
detailing the effectiveness of--
            ``(1) the interagency coordination among each Federal 
        agency involved in the initiative established under subsection 
        (a);
            ``(2) the collaborative research achievements of that 
        initiative, including the achievement of the technical 
        milestones determined under that subsection; and
            ``(3) potential opportunities to expand the technical 
        capabilities of the Department.
    ``(g) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be appropriated for the 
Office of Science in a fiscal year, there is authorized to be 
appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the activities under this 
section $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027.

``SEC. 316. MIDSCALE INSTRUMENTATION AND RESEARCH EQUIPMENT PROGRAM.

    ``(a) In General.--The Director shall establish a midscale 
instrumentation and research equipment program to develop, acquire, and 
commercialize research instrumentation and equipment needed to meet the 
missions of the Department and to provide platform technologies for the 
broader scientific community.
    ``(b) Activities.--Under the program established under subsection 
(a), the Director shall--
            ``(1) enable the development and acquisition of novel, 
        state-of-the-art instruments that--
                    ``(A) range in cost from $1,000,000 to $20,000,000 
                each; and
                    ``(B) would significantly accelerate scientific 
                breakthroughs at user facilities; and
            ``(2) strongly encourage partnerships among--
                    ``(A) National Laboratories;
                    ``(B) user facilities; and
                    ``(C)(i) institutions in a State receiving funding 
                under the Established Program to Stimulate Competitive 
                Research established under section 2203(b)(3) of the 
                Energy Policy Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 13503(b)(3));
                    ``(ii) historically Black colleges or universities;
                    ``(iii) minority-serving institutions of higher 
                education; or
                    ``(iv) institutions of higher education in a rural 
                area.
    ``(c) Coordination With Other Programs.--The Director shall 
coordinate the program established under subsection (a) with all other 
programs carried out by the Office of Science of the Department.
    ``(d) Research Equipment and Technology Development Coordination.--
The Director shall encourage coordination among the Office of Science, 
the National Laboratories, the Office of Technology Transitions, and 
relevant academic and private sector entities to identify, disseminate, 
and commercialize research instruments, equipment, and related 
technologies developed to aid basic science research discoveries that 
meet the mission of the Department.
    ``(e) Authorization of Appropriations.--Out of funds authorized to 
be appropriated for the Office of Science in a fiscal year, there is 
authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section $150,000,000 
for each of fiscals years 2023 through 2027.

``SEC. 317. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    ``There are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry 
out the activities described in this title--
            ``(1) $8,902,392,400 for fiscal year 2023;
            ``(2) $9,541,895,744 for fiscal year 2024;
            ``(3) $10,068,198,994 for fiscal year 2025;
            ``(4) $10,468,916,520 for fiscal year 2026; and
            ``(5) $10,831,342,317 for fiscal year 2027.''.
    (b) Table of Contents.--Section 1(b) of the Department of Energy 
Research and Innovation Act is amended in the table of contents by 
inserting after the item relating to section 309 the following:

``Sec. 310. Accelerator research and development.
``Sec. 311. Isotope research, development, and production.
``Sec. 312. Increased collaboration with teachers and scientists.
``Sec. 313. High intensity laser research initiative.
``Sec. 314. Helium conservation program.
``Sec. 315. Office of Science Biological Threat Preparedness Research 
                            Initiative.
``Sec. 316. Midscale instrumentation and research equipment program.
``Sec. 317. Authorization of appropriations.''.

SEC. 10113. ESTABLISHED PROGRAM TO STIMULATE COMPETITIVE RESEARCH.

    (a) Research Areas.--Section 2203(b)(3)(E) of the Energy Policy Act 
of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 13503(b)(3)(E)) is amended--
            (1) in the subparagraph heading, by striking ``in areas of 
        applied energy research, environmental management, and basic 
        science'';
            (2) in clause (i)--
                    (A) in subclause (I), by inserting ``nuclear 
                energy,'' before ``and''; and
                    (B) by striking subclause (V) and inserting the 
                following:
                                    ``(V) scientific research, 
                                including--
                                            ``(aa) advanced scientific 
                                        computing research;
                                            ``(bb) basic energy 
                                        sciences;
                                            ``(cc) biological and 
                                        environmental research;
                                            ``(dd) fusion energy 
                                        sciences;
                                            ``(ee) high energy physics;
                                            ``(ff) nuclear physics;
                                            ``(gg) isotope research, 
                                        development, and production;
                                            ``(hh) accelerator 
                                        research, development, and 
                                        production; and
                                            ``(ii) other areas of 
                                        research funded by the Office 
                                        of Science, as determined by 
                                        the Secretary.''; and
            (3) in clause (ii)--
                    (A) in subclause (II), by striking ``graduate'' and 
                inserting ``undergraduate scholarships, graduate 
                fellowships, and'';
                    (B) in subclause (III), by striking ``; and'' and 
                inserting ``and staff;'';
                    (C) in subclause (IV)--
                            (i) by striking ``biennial'' and inserting 
                        ``annual''; and
                            (ii) by striking the period at the end and 
                        inserting a semicolon; and
                    (D) by adding at the end the following:
                                    ``(V) to develop research clusters 
                                for particular areas of expertise; and
                                    ``(VI) to diversify the future 
                                workforce.''.
    (b) Research Capability Enhancement.--Section 2203(b)(3) of the 
Energy Policy Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 13503(b)(3)) is amended by 
striking subparagraph (F) and inserting the following:
                    ``(F) Research capability enhancement.--
                            ``(i) Scholarships and fellowships.--
                                    ``(I) In general.--Pursuant to 
                                subparagraph (E)(ii), the Secretary 
                                shall award grants to institutions of 
                                higher education in eligible 
                                jurisdictions for those institutions of 
                                higher education to provide 
                                scholarships and fellowships.
                                    ``(II) Grant.--A scholarship or 
                                fellowship awarded by an institution of 
                                higher education in an eligible 
                                jurisdiction using a grant provided 
                                under subclause (I)--
                                            ``(aa) in the case of an 
                                        undergraduate scholarship--

                                                    ``(AA) shall be for 
                                                a period of 1 year; and

                                                    ``(BB) may be 
                                                competitively renewable 
                                                on an annual basis; and

                                            ``(bb) in the case of a 
                                        graduate level fellowship, 
                                        shall be for a period of not 
                                        more than 5 years.
                            ``(ii) Early career capacity development.--
                                    ``(I) In general.--Pursuant to 
                                subparagraph (E)(ii), the Secretary 
                                shall award grants to early career 
                                faculty and staff at institutions of 
                                higher education in eligible 
                                jurisdictions--
                                            ``(aa) to support 
                                        investigator-initiated 
                                        research, including associated 
                                        research equipment and 
                                        instrumentation;
                                            ``(bb) to support 
                                        activities associated with 
                                        identifying and responding to 
                                        funding opportunities;
                                            ``(cc) to secure technical 
                                        assistance for the pursuit of 
                                        funding opportunities; and
                                            ``(dd) to develop and 
                                        enhance collaboration among 
                                        National Laboratories, 
                                        Department of Energy programs, 
                                        the private sector, and other 
                                        relevant entities.
                                    ``(II) Grants.--A grant awarded 
                                under subclause (I) shall be--
                                            ``(aa) for a period of not 
                                        more than 5 years; and
                                            ``(bb) competitively 
                                        renewable for an additional 5-
                                        year period.
                            ``(iii) Research capacity development.--
                                    ``(I) In general.--Pursuant to 
                                subparagraph (E)(ii), the Secretary 
                                shall award competitive grants to 
                                institutions of higher education in 
                                eligible jurisdictions for research 
                                capacity development and 
                                implementation, including--
                                            ``(aa) developing expertise 
                                        in key technology areas, 
                                        including associated equipment 
                                        and instrumentation;
                                            ``(bb) developing and 
                                        acquiring novel, state-of-the-
                                        art instruments and equipment 
                                        that range in cost from 
                                        $500,000 to $20,000,000;
                                            ``(cc) enhancing 
                                        collaboration with National 
                                        Laboratories, the Department of 
                                        Energy, and the private sector 
                                        through faculty or staff 
                                        placement programs; and
                                            ``(dd) supporting formal 
                                        partnership programs with 
                                        institutions of higher 
                                        education and National 
                                        Laboratories.
                                    ``(II) Grants.--A grant awarded 
                                under subclause (I) shall be--
                                            ``(aa) for a period of not 
                                        more than 5 years; and
                                            ``(bb) renewable for an 
                                        additional 5-year period.
                                    ``(III) Equipment and 
                                instrumentation.--To the maximum extent 
                                practicable, the Secretary shall ensure 
                                that research equipment and 
                                instrumentation developed or acquired 
                                pursuant to a grant awarded under 
                                subclause (I) may sustain continued 
                                operation and be maintained without the 
                                need for additional or subsequent 
                                funding under this section.''.
    (c) Program Implementation Update.--Section 2203(b)(3)(G) of the 
Energy Policy Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 13503(b)(3)(G)) is amended by 
adding at the end the following:
                            ``(iii) Update.--Not later than 270 days 
                        after the date of enactment of the Research and 
                        Development, Competition, and Innovation Act, 
                        the Secretary shall--
                                    ``(I) update the plan submitted 
                                under clause (i); and
                                    ``(II) submit the updated plan to 
                                the committees described in that 
                                clause.''.
    (d) Program Evaluation Report.--Section 2203(b)(3)(H) of the Energy 
Policy Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 13503(b)(3)(H)) is amended by adding at 
the end the following:
                            ``(iv) Annual report.--At the end of each 
                        fiscal year, the Secretary shall submit to the 
                        Committee on Energy and Natural Resources and 
                        the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate 
                        and the Committee on Energy and Commerce and 
                        the Committee on Appropriations of the House of 
                        Representatives a report that includes--
                                    ``(I) the total amount of 
                                expenditures made by the Department to 
                                carry out EPSCoR in each eligible 
                                jurisdiction for each of the 3 most 
                                recent fiscal years for which such 
                                information is available;
                                    ``(II)(aa) the number of EPSCoR 
                                awards made to institutions of higher 
                                education located in eligible 
                                jurisdictions; and
                                    ``(bb) the amount and type of each 
                                award;
                                    ``(III) the number of awards that 
                                are not EPSCoR awards made by the 
                                Secretary to institutions of higher 
                                education located in eligible 
                                jurisdictions;
                                    ``(IV)(aa) the number of 
                                representatives of institutions of 
                                higher education in eligible 
                                jurisdictions serving on each Office of 
                                Science advisory committee; and
                                    ``(bb) for each such advisory 
                                committee, the percentage of committee 
                                membership that those individuals 
                                constitute; and
                                    ``(V) the number of individuals 
                                from institutions of higher education 
                                in eligible jurisdictions serving on 
                                peer review committees.''.
    (e) Funding.--Section 2203(b)(3) of the Energy Policy Act of 1992 
(42 U.S.C. 13503(b)(3)) is amended by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(I) Funding.--
                            ``(i) Authorization of appropriations.--
                        There are authorized to be appropriated to the 
                        Secretary to carry out EPSCoR, to remain 
                        available until expended--
                                    ``(I) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 
                                2023;
                                    ``(II) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 
                                2024;
                                    ``(III) $75,000,000 for fiscal year 
                                2025;
                                    ``(IV) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 
                                2026; and
                                    ``(V) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 
                                2027.
                            ``(ii) Grants to consortia.--In the case of 
                        an EPSCoR grant awarded to a consortium that 
                        contains institutions of higher education that 
                        are not located in eligible jurisdictions, the 
                        Secretary may count--
                                    ``(I) the full amount of funds 
                                expended to provide the grant towards 
                                meeting the funding requirement in 
                                clause (iii) if the lead entity of the 
                                consortium is an institution of higher 
                                education located in an eligible 
                                jurisdiction; and
                                    ``(II) only the funds provided to 
                                institutions of higher education 
                                located in eligible jurisdictions 
                                towards meeting the funding requirement 
                                in clause (iii) if the lead entity of 
                                the consortium is an institution of 
                                higher education that is not located in 
                                an eligible jurisdiction.
                            ``(iii) Additional funds for eligible 
                        jurisdictions.--In addition to funds authorized 
                        to be appropriated under clause (i), the 
                        Secretary, to the maximum extent practicable 
                        while maintaining the competitive, merit-based 
                        award processes of the Office of Science, shall 
                        ensure that, of the research and development 
                        funds of the Office of Science that are awarded 
                        by the Secretary each year to institutions of 
                        higher education, not less than 10 percent is 
                        awarded to institutions of higher education in 
                        eligible jurisdictions pursuant to the 
                        evaluation and selection criteria in section 
                        605.10 of title 10, Code of Federal Regulations 
                        (or successor regulations).
                            ``(iv) Additional funds for equipment and 
                        instrumentation.--In addition to funds 
                        authorized to be appropriated under clause (i), 
                        there is authorized to be appropriated to the 
                        Secretary to award grants under subparagraph 
                        (F)(iii)(I) for the purpose described in item 
                        (bb) of that subparagraph $25,000,000 for each 
                        of fiscal years 2023 through 2027, to remain 
                        available until expended.
                            ``(v) Accounting.--To the maximum extent 
                        practicable, the Secretary shall ensure that 
                        each program within the Department of Energy 
                        that endorses an EPSCoR grant awardee shall 
                        contribute funding to the award to acknowledge 
                        the research benefits to the mission of that 
                        program.''.
    (f) Advisory Committees to the Office of Science.--In order to 
improve the advice and guidance provided to the Office of Science, the 
Undersecretary for Science shall seek to ensure, to the maximum extent 
practicable, the robust participation of institutions of higher 
education (as defined in section 101 of the Higher Education Act of 
1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001)) located in eligible jurisdictions (as defined in 
section 2203(b)(3)(A) of the Energy Policy Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 
13503(b)(3)(A))) on the Office of Science Federal Advisory Committee.
    (g) Technical Amendments.--Section 2203(b) of the Energy Policy Act 
of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 13503(b)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1), by striking ``(1) The Secretary'' and 
        inserting the following:
            ``(1) University research reactors.--The Secretary''; and
            (2) in paragraph (2), by striking ``(2) The Secretary'' and 
        inserting the following:
            ``(2) Method to evaluate effectiveness of education 
        programs.--The Secretary''.

SEC. 10114. RESEARCH SECURITY.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Country of risk.--
                    (A) In general.--The term ``country of risk'' means 
                a foreign country determined by the Secretary, in 
                accordance with subparagraph (B), to present a risk of 
                theft of United States intellectual property or a 
                threat to the national security of the United States if 
                nationals of the country, or entities owned or 
                controlled by the country or nationals of the country, 
                participate in any research, development, 
                demonstration, or deployment activity authorized under 
                this division or division A or an amendment made by 
                this division or division A.
                    (B) Determination.--In making a determination under 
                subparagraph (A), the Secretary, in coordination with 
                the Director of the Office of Intelligence and 
                Counterintelligence, shall take into consideration--
                            (i) the most recent World Wide Threat 
                        Assessment of the United States Intelligence 
                        Community, prepared by the Director of National 
                        Intelligence; and
                            (ii) the most recent National 
                        Counterintelligence Strategy of the United 
                        States.
            (2) Covered support.--The term ``covered support'' means 
        any grant, contract, subcontract, award, loan, program, 
        support, or other activity authorized under this division or 
        division A, or an amendment made by this division or division 
        A.
            (3) Entity of concern.--The term ``entity of concern'' 
        means any entity, including a national, that is--
                    (A) identified under section 1237(b) of the Strom 
                Thurmond National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal 
                Year 1999 (50 U.S.C. 1701 note; Public Law 105-261);
                    (B) identified under section 1260H of the William 
                M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act 
                for Fiscal Year 2021 (10 U.S.C. 113 note; Public Law 
                116-283);
                    (C) on the Entity List maintained by the Bureau of 
                Industry and Security of the Department of Commerce and 
                set forth in Supplement No. 4 to part 744 of title 15, 
                Code of Federal Regulations;
                    (D) included in the list required by section 
                9(b)(3) of the Uyghur Human Rights Policy Act of 2020 
                (Public Law 116-145; 134 Stat. 656); or
                    (E) identified by the Secretary, in coordination 
                with the Director of the Office of Intelligence and 
                Counterintelligence and the applicable office that 
                would provide, or is providing, covered support, as 
                posing an unmanageable threat--
                            (i) to the national security of the United 
                        States; or
                            (ii) of theft or loss of United States 
                        intellectual property.
            (4) National.--The term ``national'' has the meaning given 
        the term in section 101 of the Immigration and Nationality Act 
        (8 U.S.C. 1101).
            (5) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary 
        of Energy.
    (b) Science and Technology Risk Assessment.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary shall develop and maintain 
        tools and processes to manage and mitigate research security 
        risks, such as a science and technology risk matrix, informed 
        by threats identified by the Director of the Office of 
        Intelligence and Counterintelligence, to facilitate 
        determinations of the risk of loss of United States 
        intellectual property or threat to the national security of the 
        United States posed by activities carried out under any covered 
        support.
            (2) Content and implementation.--In developing and using 
        the tools and processes developed under paragraph (1), the 
        Secretary shall--
                    (A) deploy risk-based approaches to evaluating, 
                awarding, and managing certain research, development, 
                demonstration, and deployment activities, including 
                designations that will indicate the relative risk of 
                activities;
                    (B) assess, to the extent practicable, ongoing 
                high-risk activities;
                    (C) designate an officer or employee of the 
                Department of Energy to be responsible for tracking and 
                notifying recipients of any covered support of 
                unmanageable threats to United States national security 
                or of theft or loss of United States intellectual 
                property posed by an entity of concern;
                    (D) consider requiring recipients of covered 
                support to implement additional research security 
                mitigations for higher-risk activities if appropriate; 
                and
                    (E) support the development of research security 
                training for recipients of covered support on the risks 
                posed by entities of concern.
            (3) Annual updates.--The tools and processes developed 
        under paragraph (1) shall be evaluated annually and updated as 
        needed, with threat-informed input from the Office of 
        Intelligence and Counterintelligence, to reflect changes in the 
        risk designation under paragraph (2)(A) of research, 
        development, demonstration, and deployment activities conducted 
        by the Department.
    (c) Entity of Concern.--
            (1) Prohibition.--Except as provided in paragraph (2), no 
        entity of concern, or individual that owns or controls, is 
        owned or controlled by, or is under common ownership or control 
        with an entity of concern, may receive, or perform work under, 
        any covered support.
            (2) Waiver of prohibition.--
                    (A) In general.--The Secretary may waive the 
                prohibition under paragraph (1) if determined by the 
                Secretary to be in the national interest.
                    (B) Notification to congress.--Not less than 2 
                weeks prior to issuing a waiver under subparagraph (A), 
                the Secretary shall notify the Committee on Energy and 
                Natural Resources of the Senate and the Committee on 
                Science, Space, and Technology of the House of 
                Representatives of the intent to issue the waiver, 
                including a justification for the waiver.
            (3) Penalty.--
                    (A) Termination of support.--On finding that any 
                entity of concern or individual described in paragraph 
                (1) has received covered support and has not received a 
                waiver under paragraph (2), the Secretary shall 
                terminate all covered support to that entity of concern 
                or individual, as applicable.
                    (B) Penalties.--An entity of concern or individual 
                identified under subparagraph (A) shall be--
                            (i) prohibited from receiving or 
                        participating in covered support for a period 
                        of not less than 1 year but not more than 10 
                        years, as determined by the Secretary; or
                            (ii) instead of the penalty described in 
                        clause (i), subject to any other penalties 
                        authorized under applicable law or regulations 
                        that the Secretary determines to be in the 
                        national interest.
                    (C) Notification to congress.--Prior to imposing a 
                penalty under subparagraph (B), the Secretary shall 
                notify the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of 
                the Senate and the Committee on Science, Space, and 
                Technology of the House of Representatives of the 
                intent to impose the penalty, including a description 
                of and justification for the penalty.
            (4) Coordination.--The Secretary shall--
                    (A) share information about the unmanageable 
                threats described in subsection (a)(3)(E) with other 
                Federal agencies; and
                    (B) develop consistent approaches to identifying 
                entities of concern.
    (d) International Agreements.--This section shall be applied in a 
manner consistent with the obligations of the United States under 
international agreements.
    (e) Report Required.--Not later than 240 days after the date of 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to Congress a report 
that--
            (1) describes--
                    (A) the tools and processes developed under 
                subsection (b)(1) and any updates to those tools and 
                processes; and
                    (B) if applicable, the science and technology risk 
                matrix developed under that subsection and how that 
                matrix has been applied;
            (2) includes a mitigation plan for managing risks posed by 
        countries of risk with respect to future or ongoing research 
        and development activities of the Department of Energy; and
            (3) defines critical research areas, designated by risk, as 
        determined by the Secretary.

TITLE II--NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY FOR THE FUTURE

SEC. 10201. DEFINITIONS.

    In this title:
            (1) Director.--The term ``Director'' means the Director of 
        the National Institute of Standards and Technology.
            (2) Enrollment of needy students.--The term ``enrollment of 
        needy students'' has the meaning given the term in section 
        312(d) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1058(d)).
            (3) Framework.--The term ``Framework'' means the Framework 
        for Improving Critical Infrastructure Cybersecurity developed 
        by the National Institute of Standards and Technology and 
        referred to in Executive Order No. 13800 issued on May 11, 2017 
        (82 Fed. Reg. 22391 et seq.).
            (4) Institute.--The term ``Institute'' means the National 
        Institute of Standards and Technology.
            (5) International standards organization.--The term 
        ``international standards organization'' has the meaning given 
        such term in section 451 of the Trade Agreements Act of 1979 
        (19 U.S.C. 2571).
            (6) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary 
        of Commerce.

              Subtitle A--Authorization of Appropriations

SEC. 10211. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    (a) Fiscal Year 2023.--
            (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
        the Secretary of Commerce $1,551,450,000 for the National 
        Institute of Standards and Technology for fiscal year 2023.
            (2) Specific allocations.--Of the amount authorized by 
        paragraph (1)--
                    (A) $979,100,000 is authorized for scientific and 
                technical research and services laboratory activities;
                    (B) $200,000,000 is authorized for the construction 
                and maintenance of facilities, of which $80,000,000 is 
                authorized to be appropriated for Safety, Capacity, 
                Maintenance, and Major Repairs; and
                    (C) $372,350,000 is authorized for industrial 
                technology services activities, of which $275,300,000 
                is authorized to be appropriated for the Manufacturing 
                Extension Partnership program under sections 25, 25A, 
                and 26 of the National Institute of Standards and 
                Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k, 278k-1, and 278l) (of 
                which $31,000,000 is authorized to establish the 
                National Supply Chain Database under section 10253) and 
                $97,050,000 is authorized to be appropriated for the 
                Manufacturing USA Program under section 34 of the 
                National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 
                U.S.C. 278s).
    (b) Fiscal Year 2024.--
            (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
        the Secretary of Commerce $1,651,600,000 for the National 
        Institute of Standards and Technology for fiscal year 2024.
            (2) Specific allocations.--Of the amount authorized by 
        paragraph (1)--
                    (A) $1,047,600,000 is authorized for scientific and 
                technical research and services laboratory activities;
                    (B) $200,000,000 is authorized for the construction 
                and maintenance of facilities, of which $80,000,000 is 
                authorized to be appropriated for Safety, Capacity, 
                Maintenance, and Major Repairs, including $20,000,000 
                for IT infrastructure; and
                    (C) $404,000,000 is authorized for industrial 
                technology services activities, of which $300,000,000 
                is authorized to be appropriated for the Manufacturing 
                Extension Partnership program under sections 25, 25A, 
                and 26 of the National Institute of Standards and 
                Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k, 278k-1, and 278l) (of 
                which $26,000,000 is authorized to maintain, update, 
                and support Federal coordination of State supply chain 
                databases maintained by the Centers (as such term is 
                defined in such section 25 of such Act)) and 
                $104,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for the 
                Manufacturing USA Program under section 34 of the 
                National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 
                U.S.C. 278s).
    (c) Fiscal Year 2025.--
            (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
        the Secretary of Commerce $2,039,900,000 for the National 
        Institute of Standards and Technology for fiscal year 2025.
            (2) Specific allocations.--Of the amount authorized by 
        paragraph (1)--
                    (A) $1,120,900,000 is authorized for scientific and 
                technical research and services laboratory activities;
                    (B) $200,000,000 is authorized for the construction 
                and maintenance of facilities, of which $80,000,000 is 
                authorized to be appropriated for Safety, Capacity, 
                Maintenance, and Major Repairs, including $20,000,000 
                for IT infrastructure; and
                    (C) $719,000,000 is authorized for industrial 
                technology services activities, of which $550,000,000 
                is authorized to be appropriated for the Manufacturing 
                Extension Partnership program under sections 25, 25A, 
                and 26 of the National Institute of Standards and 
                Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k, 278k-1, and 278l) (of 
                which $26,000,000 is authorized to maintain, update, 
                and support Federal coordination of State supply chain 
                databases maintained by the Centers (as such term is 
                defined in such section 25 of such Act)) and 
                $169,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for the 
                Manufacturing USA Program under section 34 of the 
                National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 
                U.S.C. 278s).
    (d) Fiscal Year 2026.--
            (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
        the Secretary of Commerce $2,158,400,000 for the National 
        Institute of Standards and Technology for fiscal year 2026.
            (2) Specific allocations.--Of the amount authorized by 
        paragraph (1)--
                    (A) $1,199,400,000 is authorized for scientific and 
                technical research and services laboratory activities;
                    (B) $200,000,000 is authorized for the construction 
                and maintenance of facilities, of which $80,000,000 is 
                authorized to be appropriated for Safety, Capacity, 
                Maintenance, and Major Repairs, including $20,000,000 
                for IT infrastructure; and
                    (C) $759,000,000 is authorized for industrial 
                technology services activities, of which $550,000,000 
                is authorized to be appropriated for the Manufacturing 
                Extension Partnership program under sections 25, 25A, 
                and 26 of the National Institute of Standards and 
                Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k, 278k-1, and 278l) (of 
                which $26,000,000 is authorized to maintain, update, 
                and support Federal coordination of State supply chain 
                databases maintained by the Centers (as such term is 
                defined in such section 25 of such Act)) and 
                $209,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for the 
                Manufacturing USA Program under section 34 of the 
                National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 
                U.S.C. 278s).
    (e) Fiscal Year 2027.--
            (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
        the Secretary of Commerce $2,283,360,000 for the National 
        Institute of Standards and Technology for fiscal year 2027.
            (2) Specific allocations.--Of the amount authorized by 
        paragraph (1)--
                    (A) $1,283,360,000 is authorized for scientific and 
                technical research and services laboratory activities;
                    (B) $200,000,000 is authorized for the construction 
                and maintenance of facilities, of which $80,000,000 is 
                authorized to be appropriated for Safety, Capacity, 
                Maintenance, and Major Repairs, including $20,000,000 
                for IT infrastructure; and
                    (C) $800,000,000 is authorized for industrial 
                technology services activities, of which $550,000,000 
                is authorized to be appropriated for the Manufacturing 
                Extension Partnership program under sections 25, 25A, 
                and 26 of the National Institute of Standards and 
                Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k, 278k-1, and 23 278l) 
                (of which $26,000,000 is authorized to maintain, 
                update, and support Federal coordination of State 
                supply chain databases maintained by the Centers (as 
                such term is defined in such section 25 of such Act)) 
                and $250,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for 
                the Manufacturing USA Program under section 34 of the 
                National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 
                U.S.C. 278s).

                    Subtitle B--Measurement Research

SEC. 10221. ENGINEERING BIOLOGY AND BIOMETROLOGY.

    (a) In General.--The Director, in coordination with the National 
Engineering Biology Research and Development Initiative established 
pursuant to title IV, shall--
            (1) support basic measurement science and technology 
        research for engineering biology, biomanufacturing, and 
        biometrology to advance--
                    (A) measurement technologies to support 
                foundational understanding of the mechanisms of 
                conversion of DNA information into cellular function;
                    (B) technologies for measurement of such 
                biomolecular components and related systems;
                    (C) new data tools, techniques, and processes to 
                improve engineering biology, biomanufacturing, and 
                biometrology research; and
                    (D) other areas of measurement science and 
                technology research determined by the Director to be 
                critical to the development and deployment of 
                engineering biology, biomanufacturing and biometrology;
            (2) support activities to inform and expand the development 
        of measurements infrastructure needed to develop technical 
        standards to establish interoperability and facilitate 
        commercial development of biomolecular measurement technology 
        and engineering biology applications;
            (3) convene industry, institutions of higher education, 
        nonprofit organizations, Federal laboratories, and other 
        Federal agencies engaged in engineering biology research and 
        development to develop coordinated technical roadmaps for 
        authoritative measurement of the molecular components of the 
        cell;
            (4) provide access to user facilities with advanced or 
        unique equipment, services, materials, and other resources to 
        industry, institutions of higher education, nonprofit 
        organizations, and government agencies to perform research and 
        testing;
            (5) establish or expand collaborative partnerships or 
        consortia with other Federal agencies engaged in engineering 
        biology research and development, institutions of higher 
        education, Federal laboratories, and industry to advance 
        engineering biology applications; and
            (6) support graduate and postgraduate research and training 
        in biometrology, biomanufacturing, and engineering biology.
    (b) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this section may be construed 
to alter the policies, processes, or practices of individual Federal 
agencies in effect on the day before the date of the enactment of this 
Act relating to the conduct or support of biomedical research and 
advanced development, including the solicitation and review of 
extramural research proposals.
    (c) Controls.--In carrying out activities authorized by this 
section, the Secretary shall ensure proper security controls are in 
place to protect sensitive information, as appropriate.

SEC. 10222. GREENHOUSE GAS MEASUREMENT RESEARCH.

    (a) In General.--The Director, in consultation with the 
Administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 
the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, the National 
Aeronautics and Space Administration, the Director of the National 
Science Foundation, the Secretary of Energy, and the heads of other 
Federal agencies, as appropriate, shall carry out a measurement 
research program to inform the development or improvement of best 
practices, benchmarks, methodologies, procedures, and technical 
standards for the measurement of greenhouse gas emissions and to assess 
and improve the performance of greenhouse gas emissions measurement 
systems placed in situ and on space-based platforms.
    (b) Activities.--In carrying out such a program, the Director may--
            (1) conduct research and testing to improve the accuracy, 
        efficacy, and reliability of the measurement of greenhouse gas 
        emissions at a range of scales that covers direct measurement 
        at the component or process level through atmospheric 
        observations;
            (2) conduct research to create novel measurement 
        technologies and techniques for the measurement of greenhouse 
        gas emissions;
            (3) convene and engage with relevant Federal agencies and 
        stakeholders to establish common definitions and 
        characterizations for the measurement of greenhouse gas 
        emissions, taking into account any existing United States and 
        international technical standards and guidance;
            (4) conduct outreach and coordination to share technical 
        expertise with relevant industry and nonindustry stakeholders 
        and standards development organizations to--
                    (A) assist such entities in the development and 
                adoption of best practices and technical standards for 
                greenhouse gas emissions measurements; and
                    (B) promote consistency and traceability in 
                international reference standards and central 
                calibration laboratories;
            (5) in coordination with the Administrator of the National 
        Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the Administrator of 
        the Environmental Protection Agency, and the Secretary of 
        Energy, develop such standard reference materials as the 
        Director determines is necessary to further the development of 
        such technical standards, taking into account any existing 
        United States or international standards;
            (6) coordinate with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric 
        Administration to ensure data are managed, stewarded, and 
        archived at all levels and promote full and open exchange at 
        Federal and State levels, and with academia, industry, and 
        other users; and
            (7) coordinate with international partners, including 
        international standards organizations, to maintain global 
        greenhouse gas measurement technical standards.
    (c) Testbeds.--In coordination with the private sector, 
institutions of higher education, State and local governments, the 
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the Environmental 
Protection Agency, the Department of Energy, and other Federal 
agencies, as appropriate, the Director may continue to develop and 
manage testbeds to advance research and standards development for 
greenhouse gas emissions measurements from in situ and space-based 
platforms.
    (d) Center for Greenhouse Gas Measurements, Standards, and 
Information.--
            (1) In general.--The Director, in collaboration with the 
        Administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric 
        Administration, the Administrator of the Environmental 
        Protection Agency, and the heads of other Federal agencies, as 
        appropriate, shall establish a Center for Greenhouse Gas 
        Measurements, Standards, and Information (in this subsection 
        referred to as the ``Center'').
            (2) Collaborations.--The Director shall require that the 
        activities of the Center include collaboration among public and 
        private organizations, including institutions of higher 
        education, nonprofit organizations, private sector entities, 
        and State, Tribal, territorial, and local officials.
            (3) Purpose.--The purpose of the Center shall be to--
                    (A) advance measurement science, data analytics, 
                and modeling at a range of scales that covers direct 
                measurement and estimation at the component or process 
                level through atmospheric observations and at the 
                analysis level to improve the accuracy of spatially and 
                temporally resolved greenhouse gas emissions 
                measurement, validation, and attribution to specific 
                underlying activities and processes;
                    (B) test and evaluate the performance of existing 
                capabilities, and inform and improve best practices, 
                benchmarks, methodologies, procedures, and technical 
                standards, for the measurement and validation of 
                greenhouse gas emissions at scales noted in 
                subparagraph (A);
                    (C) educate and train students in measurement 
                science, computational science, and systems engineering 
                research relevant to greenhouse gas emissions 
                measurements;
                    (D) foster collaboration among academic 
                researchers, private sector stakeholders, and State, 
                Tribal, territorial, and local officials in the use of 
                Institute testbeds as described in subsection (c);
                    (E) conduct activities with research institutions, 
                industry partners, and State and local officials to 
                identify research, testing, and technical standards 
                needs relevant to greenhouse gas emissions; and
                    (F) collaborate with other Federal agencies to 
                conduct outreach and coordination to share and promote 
                technical data, tools, and expertise with relevant 
                public and private sector stakeholders, including 
                State, Tribal, territorial, and local officials, to 
                assist such in the accurate measurement of greenhouse 
                gas emissions.

SEC. 10223. NIST AUTHORITY FOR CYBERSECURITY AND PRIVACY ACTIVITIES.

    Subsection (c) of section 2 of the National Institute of Standards 
and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 272) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (16), by striking the period at the end 
        and inserting a semicolon;
            (2) by redesignating paragraphs (16) through (27) as 
        paragraphs (21) through (32), respectively; and
            (3) by inserting after paragraph (15) the following:
            ``(16) support information security measures for the 
        development and lifecycle of software and the software supply 
        chain, including development of voluntary, consensus-based 
        technical standards, best practices, frameworks, methodologies, 
        procedures, processes, and software engineering toolkits and 
        configurations;
            ``(17) support information security measures, including 
        voluntary, consensus-based technical standards, best practices, 
        and guidelines, for the design, adoption, and deployment of 
        cloud computing services;
            ``(18) support research, development, and practical 
        application to improve the usability of cybersecurity processes 
        and technologies;
            ``(19) facilitate and support the development of a 
        voluntary, consensus-based set of technical standards, 
        guidelines, best practices, methodologies, procedures, and 
        processes to improve privacy protections in systems, 
        technologies, and processes used by both the public and private 
        sector;
            ``(20) support privacy measures, including voluntary, 
        consensus-based technical standards, best practices, 
        guidelines, metrology, and testbeds for the design, adoption, 
        and deployment of privacy enhancing technologies;''.

SEC. 10224. SOFTWARE SECURITY AND AUTHENTICATION.

    (a) Vulnerabilities in Open Source Software.--The Director shall 
assign severity metrics to identified vulnerabilities with open source 
software and produce voluntary guidance to assist the entities that 
maintain open source software repositories to discover and mitigate 
vulnerabilities.
    (b) Artificial Intelligence-enabled Defenses.--The Director shall 
carry out research and testing to improve the effectiveness of 
artificial intelligence-enabled cybersecurity, including by generating 
optimized data sets to train artificial intelligence defense systems 
and evaluating the performance of varying network architectures at 
strengthening network security.
    (c) Authentication of Institute Software.--The Director shall 
ensure all software released by the Institute is digitally signed and 
maintained to enable stakeholders to verify its authenticity and 
integrity upon installation and execution.
    (d) Assistance to Inspectors General.--Subject to available 
funding, the Director shall provide technical assistance to improve the 
education and training of individual Federal agency Inspectors General 
and staff who are responsible for the annual independent evaluation 
they are required to perform of the information security program and 
practices of Federal agencies under section 3555 of title 44, United 
States Code.
    (e) Software Supply Chain Security Practices.--
            (1) In general.--The Director shall, in coordination with 
        industry, academia, and other Federal agencies, as appropriate, 
        develop a set of security outcomes and practices, including 
        security controls, control enhancements, supplemental guidance, 
        or other supporting information to enable software developers 
        and operators to identify, assess, and manage cybersecurity 
        risks over the full lifecycle of software products.
            (2) Outreach.--The Director shall conduct outreach and 
        coordination activities to share technical expertise with 
        Federal agencies, relevant industry stakeholders, and standards 
        development organizations, as appropriate, to encourage the 
        voluntary adoption of the software lifecycle security practices 
        by Federal agencies and industry stakeholders.

SEC. 10225. DIGITAL IDENTITY MANAGEMENT RESEARCH.

    Section 504 of the Cybersecurity Enhancement Act of 2014 (15 U.S.C. 
7464) is amended to read as follows:

``SEC. 504. IDENTITY MANAGEMENT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT.

    ``(a) In General.--The Director shall carry out a program of 
research to support the development of voluntary, consensus-based 
technical standards, best practices, benchmarks, methodologies, 
metrology, testbeds, and conformance criteria for identity management, 
taking into account appropriate user concerns to--
            ``(1) improve interoperability and portability among 
        identity management technologies;
            ``(2) strengthen identity proofing and verification methods 
        used in identity management systems commensurate with the level 
        of risk, including identity and attribute validation services 
        provided by Federal, State, and local governments;
            ``(3) improve privacy protection in identity management 
        systems; and
            ``(4) improve the accuracy, usability, and inclusivity of 
        identity management systems.
    ``(b) Digital Identity Technical Roadmap.--The Director, in 
consultation with other relevant Federal agencies and stakeholders from 
the private sector, shall develop and maintain a technical roadmap for 
digital identity management research and development focused on 
enabling the voluntary use and adoption of modern digital identity 
solutions that align with the four criteria in subsection (a).
    ``(c) Digital Identity Management Guidance.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Director shall develop, and 
        periodically update, in collaboration with other public and 
        private sector organizations, common definitions and voluntary 
        guidance for digital identity management systems, including 
        identity and attribute validation services provided by Federal, 
        State, and local governments.
            ``(2) Guidance.--The Guidance shall--
                    ``(A) align with the four criteria in subsection 
                (a), as practicable;
                    ``(B) provide case studies of implementation of 
                guidance;
                    ``(C) incorporate voluntary technical standards and 
                industry best practices; and
                    ``(D) not prescribe or otherwise require the use of 
                specific technology products or services.
            ``(3) Consultation.--In carrying out this subsection, the 
        Director shall consult with--
                    ``(A) Federal and State agencies;
                    ``(B) industry;
                    ``(C) potential end-users and individuals that will 
                use services related to digital identity verification; 
                and
                    ``(D) experts with relevant experience in the 
                systems that enable digital identity verification, as 
                determined by the Director.''.

SEC. 10226. BIOMETRICS RESEARCH AND TESTING.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary, acting through the Director, shall 
establish a program to support measurement research to inform the 
development of best practices, benchmarks, methodologies, procedures, 
and voluntary, consensus-based technical standards for biometric 
identification systems, including facial recognition systems, to assess 
and improve the performance of such systems. In carrying out such 
program, the Director may--
            (1) conduct measurement research to support efforts to 
        improve the performance of biometric identification systems, 
        including in areas related to conformity assessment, image 
        quality and interoperability, contactless biometric capture 
        technologies, and human-in-the-loop biometric identification 
        systems and processes;
            (2) convene and engage with relevant stakeholders to 
        establish common definitions and characterizations for 
        biometric identification systems, which may include accuracy, 
        fairness, bias, privacy, consent, and other properties, taking 
        into account definitions in relevant international technical 
        standards and other publications;
            (3) carry out measurement research and testing on a range 
        of biometric modalities, such as fingerprints, voice, iris, 
        face, vein, behavioral biometrics, genetics, multimodal 
        biometrics, and emerging applications of biometric 
        identification technology;
            (4) study the use of privacy-enhancing technologies and 
        other technical protective controls to facilitate access, as 
        appropriate, to public data sets for biometric research;
            (5) conduct outreach and coordination to share technical 
        expertise with relevant industry and nonindustry stakeholders 
        and standards development organizations to assist such entities 
        in the development of best practices and voluntary technical 
        standards; and
            (6) develop such standard reference artifacts as the 
        Director determines is necessary to further the development of 
        such voluntary technical standards.
    (b) Biometrics Test Program.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary, acting through the 
        Director, shall carry out a test program to provide biometrics 
        vendors the opportunity to test biometric identification 
        technologies across a range of modalities.
            (2) Activities.--In carrying out the program under this 
        subsection, the Director shall--
                    (A) conduct research and regular testing to improve 
                and benchmark the accuracy, efficacy, and bias of 
                biometric identification technologies, which may 
                include research and testing on demographic variations, 
                capture devices, presentation attack detection, 
                partially occluded or computer generated images, 
                privacy and security designs and controls, template 
                protection, de-identification, and comparison of 
                algorithm, human, and combined algorithm-human 
                recognition capability;
                    (B) develop an approach for testing software and 
                cloud-based biometrics applications, including remote 
                systems, in Institute test facilities;
                    (C) establish reference use cases for biometric 
                identification technologies and performance criteria 
                for assessing each use case, including accuracy, 
                efficacy, and bias metrics;
                    (D) produce public-facing reports of the findings 
                from such testing for a general audience;
                    (E) develop policies and procedures accounting for 
                the legal and social implications of activities under 
                this paragraph when working with a foreign entity of 
                concern (as such term is defined in section 10612);
                    (F) establish procedures to prioritize testing of 
                biometrics identification technologies developed by 
                entities headquartered in the United States; and
                    (G) conduct such other activities as determined 
                necessary by the Director.
    (c) GAO Report to Congress.--Not later than 18 months after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of the 
United States shall submit a detailed report to Congress on the impact 
of biometric identification technologies on historically marginalized 
communities, including low-income communities and minority religious, 
racial, and ethnic groups. Such report should be made publicly 
available on an internet website.

SEC. 10227. FEDERAL BIOMETRIC PERFORMANCE STANDARDS.

    Subsection (b) of section 20 of the National Institute of Standards 
and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278g-3) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (2), by striking ``and'' after the 
        semicolon;
            (2) in paragraph (3), by striking the period and inserting 
        ``; and''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(4) performance standards and guidelines for high risk 
        biometric identification systems, including facial recognition 
        systems, accounting for various use cases, types of biometric 
        identification systems, and relevant operational conditions.''.

SEC. 10228. PROTECTING RESEARCH FROM CYBERSECURITY THEFT.

    Subparagraph (A) of section 2(e)(1) of the National Institute of 
Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 272(e)(1)) is amended--
            (1) in clause (viii), by striking ``and'' after the 
        semicolon;
            (2) by redesignating clause (ix) as clause (x); and
            (3) by inserting after clause (viii) the following:
                            ``(ix) consider institutions of higher 
                        education (as such term is defined in section 
                        101 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
                        U.S.C. 1001)); and''.

SEC. 10229. DISSEMINATION OF RESOURCES FOR RESEARCH INSTITUTIONS.

    (a) Dissemination of Resources for Research Institutions.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than one year after the date of 
        the enactment of this Act, the Director shall, using the 
        authorities of the Director under subsections (c)(15) and 
        (e)(1)(A)(ix) of section 2 of the National Institute of 
        Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 272), disseminate and 
        make publicly available tailored resources to help qualifying 
        institutions identify, assess, manage, and reduce their 
        cybersecurity risk related to conducting research.
            (2) Requirements.--The Director shall ensure that the 
        resources disseminated pursuant to paragraph (1)--
                    (A) are generally applicable and usable by a wide 
                range of qualifying institutions;
                    (B) vary with the nature and size of the qualifying 
                institutions, and the nature and sensitivity of the 
                data collected or stored on the information systems or 
                devices of the qualifying institutions;
                    (C) include elements that promote awareness of 
                simple, basic controls, a workplace cybersecurity 
                culture, and third-party stakeholder relationships, to 
                assist qualifying institutions in mitigating common 
                cybersecurity risks;
                    (D) include case studies, examples, and scenarios 
                of practical application;
                    (E) are outcomes-based and can be implemented using 
                a variety of technologies that are commercial and off-
                the-shelf; and
                    (F) to the extent practicable, are based on 
                international technical standards.
            (3) National cybersecurity awareness and education 
        program.--The Director shall ensure that the resources 
        disseminated under paragraph (1) are consistent with the 
        efforts of the Director under section 303 of the Cybersecurity 
        Enhancement Act of 2014 (15 U.S.C. 7443).
            (4) Updates.--The Director shall review periodically and 
        update the resources under paragraph (1) as the Director 
        determines appropriate.
            (5) Voluntary resources.--The use of the resources 
        disseminated under paragraph (1) shall be considered voluntary.
    (b) Other Federal Cybersecurity Requirements.--Nothing in this 
section may be construed to supersede, alter, or otherwise affect any 
cybersecurity requirements applicable to Federal agencies.
    (c) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Qualifying institutions.--The term ``qualifying 
        institutions'' means institutions of higher education that are 
        awarded in excess of $50,000,000 per year in total Federal 
        research funding.
            (2) Resources.--The term ``resources'' means guidelines, 
        tools, best practices, technical standards, methodologies, and 
        other ways of providing information.

SEC. 10230. ADVANCED COMMUNICATIONS RESEARCH.

    The National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 
271 et seq.) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating section 35 as section 36; and
            (2) by inserting after section 34 the following:

``SEC. 35. ADVANCED COMMUNICATIONS RESEARCH ACTIVITIES.

    ``(a) Advanced Communications Research.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Director, in consultation with the 
        Assistant Secretary for Communications and Information, the 
        Director of the National Science Foundation, and heads of other 
        Federal agencies, as appropriate, shall carry out a program of 
        measurement research for advanced communications technologies.
            ``(2) Research areas.--Research areas may include--
                    ``(A) radio frequency emissions and interference, 
                including technologies and techniques to mitigate such 
                emissions and interference;
                    ``(B) advanced antenna arrays and artificial 
                intelligence systems capable of operating advanced 
                antenna arrays;
                    ``(C) artificial intelligence systems to enable 
                internet of things networks, immersive technology, and 
                other advanced communications technologies;
                    ``(D) network sensing and monitoring technologies;
                    ``(E) technologies to enable spectrum flexibility 
                and agility;
                    ``(F) optical and quantum communications 
                technologies;
                    ``(G) security of advanced communications systems;
                    ``(H) public safety communications;
                    ``(I) resilient internet of things applications for 
                advanced manufacturing; and
                    ``(J) other research areas determined necessary by 
                the Director.
            ``(3) Testbeds.--In coordination with the Assistant 
        Secretary for Communications and Information, the private 
        sector, and other Federal agencies as appropriate, the Director 
        may develop and manage testbeds for research and development of 
        advanced communications technologies, avoiding duplication of 
        existing testbeds run by other agencies or the private sector.
            ``(4) Outreach.--In carrying out the activities under this 
        subsection, the Director shall seek input from other Federal 
        agencies and from private sector stakeholders, on an ongoing 
        basis, to help inform research and development priorities, 
        including through workshops and other multistakeholder 
        activities.
            ``(5) Technical roadmaps.--In carrying out the activities 
        under this subsection, the Director shall convene industry, 
        institutions of higher education, nonprofit organizations, 
        Federal laboratories, and other Federal agencies engaged in 
        advanced communications research and development to develop, 
        and periodically update, coordinated technical roadmaps for 
        advanced communications research in priority areas, such as 
        those described in paragraph (2).
    ``(b) National Advanced Spectrum and Communications Test Network.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Director, in coordination with the 
        Administrator of the National Telecommunications and 
        Information Administration and heads of other Federal agencies, 
        as appropriate, shall operate a national network of government, 
        academic, and commercial test capabilities and facilities to be 
        known as the National Advanced Spectrum and Communications Test 
        Network (referred to in this section as `NASCTN').
            ``(2) Purposes.--NASCTN shall be for the purposes of 
        facilitating and coordinating the use of intellectual capacity, 
        modeling and simulation, laboratory facilities, and test 
        facilities to meet national spectrum interests and challenges, 
        including--
                    ``(A) measurements and analyses of electromagnetic 
                propagation, radio systems characteristics, and 
                operating techniques affecting the utilization of the 
                electromagnetic spectrum in coordination with 
                specialized, related research and analysis performed by 
                other Federal agencies in their areas of 
                responsibility;
                    ``(B) conducting research and analysis in the 
                general field of telecommunications sciences in support 
                of the Institute's mission and in support of other 
                Government agencies;
                    ``(C) developing methodologies for testing, 
                measuring, and setting guidelines for interference;
                    ``(D) conducting interference tests to better 
                understand the impact of current and proposed Federal 
                and commercial spectrum activities;
                    ``(E) conducting research and testing to improve 
                spectrum interference tolerance, flexibility, agility, 
                and interference mitigation methods; and
                    ``(F) other activities as determined necessary by 
                the Director.''.

SEC. 10231. NEUTRON SCATTERING.

    (a) Strategic Plan for the Institute Neutron Reactor.--The Director 
shall develop a strategic plan for the future of the NIST Center for 
Neutron Research after the current neutron reactor is decommissioned, 
including--
            (1) a succession plan for the reactor, including a roadmap 
        with timeline and milestones;
            (2) conceptual design of a new reactor and accompanying 
        facilities, as appropriate; and
            (3) a plan to minimize disruptions to the user community 
        during the transition.
    (b) Coordination With the Department of Energy.--The Secretary, 
acting through the Director, shall coordinate with the Secretary of 
Energy on issues related to Federal support for neutron science, 
including estimation of long-term needs for research using neutron 
sources, and planning efforts for future facilities to meet such needs.
    (c) Report to Congress.--Not later than 30 months after the date of 
enactment of this Act, the Director shall submit to Congress the plan 
required under subsection (a), and shall notify Congress of any 
substantial updates to such plan in subsequent years.

SEC. 10232. ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE.

    (a) In General.--The Director shall continue to support the 
development of artificial intelligence and data science, and carry out 
the activities of the National Artificial Intelligence Initiative Act 
of 2020 authorized in division E of the National Defense Authorization 
Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public Law 116-283), including through--
            (1) expanding the Institute's capabilities, including 
        scientific staff and research infrastructure;
            (2) supporting measurement research and development for 
        advanced computer chips and hardware designed for artificial 
        intelligence systems;
            (3) supporting the development of technical standards and 
        guidelines that promote safe and trustworthy artificial 
        intelligence systems, such as enhancing the accuracy, 
        explainability, privacy, reliability, robustness, safety, 
        security, and mitigation of harmful bias in artificial 
        intelligence systems;
            (4) creating a framework for managing risks associated with 
        artificial intelligence systems; and
            (5) developing and publishing cybersecurity tools, 
        encryption methods, and best practices for artificial 
        intelligence and data science.
    (b) AI Testbeds.--Section 22A of the National Institute of 
Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278h-1) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating subsection (g) as subsection (h); and
            (2) by inserting after subsection (f) the following:
    ``(g) Testbeds.--In coordination with other Federal agencies as 
appropriate, the private sector, and institutions of higher education 
(as such term is defined in section 101 of the Higher Education Act of 
1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001)), the Director may establish testbeds, including 
in virtual environments, to support the development of robust and 
trustworthy artificial intelligence and machine learning systems, 
including testbeds that examine the vulnerabilities and conditions that 
may lead to failure in, malfunction of, or attacks on such systems.''.

SEC. 10233. SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY RESEARCH AND EDUCATION.

    In accordance with section 263 of the National Defense 
Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 9303), the Director 
shall carry out activities in support of sustainable chemistry, 
including coordinating and partnering with academia, industry, 
nonprofit organizations, and other entities in activities to support 
clean, safe, and economic alternatives, technologies, and methodologies 
to traditional chemical products and processes.

SEC. 10234. PREMISE PLUMBING RESEARCH.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary, acting through the Director, shall 
create a program, in consultation with the Environmental Protection 
Agency, for premise plumbing research, including to--
            (1) conduct metrology research on premise plumbing in 
        relation to water safety, security, efficiency, sustainability, 
        and resilience; and
            (2) coordinate research activities with academia, the 
        private sector, nonprofit organizations, and other Federal 
        agencies.
    (b) Definitions.--For purposes of this section, the term ``premise 
plumbing'' means the water distribution system located within the 
property lines of a property, including all buildings and permanent 
structures on such property. Such term includes building supply and 
distribution pipes, fixtures, fittings, water heaters, water-treating 
and water-using equipment, and all respective joints, connections, 
devices, and appurtenances.

SEC. 10235. DR. DAVID SATCHER CYBERSECURITY EDUCATION GRANT PROGRAM.

    (a) Authorization of Grants.--
            (1) In general.--Subject to the availability of 
        appropriations, the Director shall carry out the Dr. David 
        Satcher Cybersecurity Education Grant Program by--
                    (A) awarding grants to assist institutions of 
                higher education that have an enrollment of needy 
                students, historically Black colleges and universities, 
                Tribal Colleges and Universities, and minority-serving 
                institutions, to establish or expand cybersecurity 
                programs, to build and upgrade institutional capacity 
                to better support new or existing cybersecurity 
                programs, including cybersecurity partnerships with 
                public and private entities, and to support such 
                institutions on the path to producing qualified 
                entrants in the cybersecurity workforce or becoming a 
                National Center of Academic Excellence in 
                Cybersecurity; and
                    (B) awarding grants to build capacity at 
                institutions of higher education that have an 
                enrollment of needy students, historically Black 
                colleges and universities, Tribal Colleges and 
                Universities, and minority-serving institutions, to 
                expand cybersecurity education opportunities, 
                cybersecurity programs, cybersecurity research, and 
                cybersecurity partnerships with public and private 
                entities.
            (2) Reservation.--The Director shall award not less than 50 
        percent of the amount available for grants under this section 
        to historically Black colleges and universities, Tribal 
        Colleges and Universities, and minority-serving institutions.
            (3) Coordination.--The Director shall carry out this 
        section in coordination with appropriate Federal agencies, 
        including the Departments of Homeland Security, Education, and 
        Labor.
            (4) Sunset.--The Director's authority to award grants under 
        paragraph (1) shall terminate on the date that is 5 years after 
        the date the Director first awards a grant under paragraph (1).
    (b) Applications.--An eligible institution seeking a grant under 
subsection (a) shall submit an application to the Director at such 
time, in such manner, and containing such information as the Director 
may reasonably require, including a statement of how the institution 
will use the funds awarded through the grant to expand cybersecurity 
education opportunities at the eligible institution.
    (c) Activities.--An eligible institution that receives a grant 
under this section may use the funds awarded through such grant for 
increasing research, education, technical, partnership, and innovation 
capacity, including for--
            (1) building and upgrading institutional capacity to better 
        support new or existing cybersecurity programs, including 
        cybersecurity partnerships with public and private entities;
            (2) building and upgrading institutional capacity to 
        provide hands-on research and training experiences for 
        undergraduate and graduate students; and
            (3) outreach and recruitment to ensure students are aware 
        of such new or existing cybersecurity programs, including 
        cybersecurity partnerships with public and private entities.
    (d) Reporting Requirements.--Not later than--
            (1) one year after the effective date of this section, as 
        provided in subsection (f), and annually thereafter until the 
        Director submits the report under paragraph (2), the Director 
        shall prepare and submit to Congress a report on the status and 
        progress of implementation of the grant program under this 
        section, including on the number and demographics of 
        institutions participating, the number and nature of students 
        served by cybersecurity programs at institutions receiving 
        grants, as well as the number of certificates or degrees 
        awarded through such cybersecurity programs, the level of 
        funding provided to grant recipients, the types of activities 
        being funded by the grants program, and plans for future 
        implementation and development; and
            (2) five years after the effective date of this section, as 
        provided in subsection (f), the Director shall prepare and 
        submit to Congress a report on the status of cybersecurity 
        education programming and capacity-building at institutions 
        receiving grants under this section, including changes in the 
        scale and scope of these programs, associated facilities, or in 
        accreditation status, and on the educational and employment 
        outcomes of students participating in cybersecurity programs 
        that have received support under this section.
    (e) Performance Metrics.--The Director shall establish performance 
metrics for grants awarded under this section.
    (f) Effective Date.--This section shall take effect 1 year after 
the date of enactment of this Act.

                     Subtitle C--General Activities

SEC. 10241. EDUCATIONAL OUTREACH AND SUPPORT FOR UNDERREPRESENTED 
              COMMUNITIES.

    Section 18 of the National Institute of Standards and Technology 
Act (15 U.S.C. 278g-1) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a), in the second sentence--
                    (A) by striking ``may'' and inserting ``shall''; 
                and
                    (B) by striking ``academia'' and inserting 
                ``diverse types of institutions of higher education, 
                including historically Black colleges and universities, 
                Tribal Colleges and Universities, and minority-serving 
                institutions, and community colleges''; and
            (2) in subsection (e)--
                    (A) in paragraph (4), by striking ``and'' at the 
                end;
                    (B) in paragraph (5), by striking the period at the 
                end and inserting ``; and''; and
                    (C) by inserting after paragraph (5) the following:
            ``(6) conduct outreach to and develop research 
        collaborations with historically Black colleges and 
        universities, Tribal Colleges or Universities, and minority 
        serving institutions, including through the recruitment of 
        students and faculty at such institutions to participate in 
        programs developed under paragraph (3);
            ``(7) conduct outreach to and develop research 
        collaborations with community colleges, including through the 
        recruitment of students and faculty at such institutions to 
        participate in programs developed under paragraph (3);
            ``(8) carry out other activities to increase the 
        participation of persons historically underrepresented in STEM 
        in the Institute's programs; and
            ``(9) conduct outreach to and develop collaborations with 
        nontraditional educational organizations, including those that 
        offer training through nonprofit associations and professional 
        associations or professional societies, to engage persons 
        historically underrepresented in STEM through programs 
        developed under this subsection.''.

SEC. 10242. OTHER TRANSACTIONS AUTHORITY.

    (a) In General.--Paragraph (4) of section 2(b) of the National 
Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 272(b)) is amended 
to read as follows:
            ``(4) to enter into and perform such contracts, including 
        cooperative research and development arrangements and grants 
        and cooperative agreements or other transactions, as may be 
        necessary in the conduct of its work and on such terms as it 
        may determine appropriate, in furtherance of the purposes of 
        this Act;''.
    (b) Reporting.--Not later than one year after the date of the 
enactment of this Act and not less than annually thereafter, the 
Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and 
Technology and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of 
Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
Transportation and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate a 
report on the use of agreements, activities, and associated funding for 
transactions (other than contracts, cooperative agreements, and grants) 
described in paragraph (4) of section 2(b) of the National Institute of 
Standards and Technology Act (as amended by subsection (a)), including 
the following elements:
            (1) A description of when the other transactions authority 
        described in such amended paragraph was used and for what 
        purpose.
            (2) A description of why such other transactions authority 
        was required.
            (3) Steps taken to ensure necessary and sufficient 
        oversight of Federal Government requirements implemented using 
        such other transactions authority.

SEC. 10243. REPORT TO CONGRESS ON COLLABORATIONS WITH GOVERNMENT 
              AGENCIES.

    Not later than 6 months after the date of the enactment of this 
Act, the Director shall submit a report to the Committee on Science, 
Space, and Technology and the Committee on Appropriations of the House 
of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
Transportation and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate 
describing the Institute's challenges with respect to collaboration 
between the Institute and other Federal agencies. The report shall 
include, at a minimum--
            (1) an assessment of the challenges that arise with 
        interagency collaboration, including transfer of funds with a 
        limited period of availability to the Institute and issues with 
        sharing personnel, associates, facilities, and property with 
        collaborating agencies; and
            (2) descriptions of projects that were disrupted due to the 
        challenges outlined in paragraph (1).

SEC. 10244. HIRING CRITICAL TECHNICAL EXPERTS.

    Section 6 of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Act 
(15 U.S.C. 275) is amended to read as follows:

``SEC. 6. HIRING CRITICAL TECHNICAL EXPERTS.

    ``(a) In General.--The officers and employees of the Institute, 
except the director, shall be appointed by the Secretary at such time 
as their respective services may become necessary.
    ``(b) Hiring Critical Technical Experts.--Notwithstanding section 
3104 of title 5 or the provisions of any other law relating to the 
appointment, number, classification, or compensation of employees, the 
Secretary shall have the authority to make appointments of scientific, 
engineering, and professional personnel, and to fix the basic pay of 
such personnel at a rate to be determined by the Secretary at rates not 
in excess of the highest total annual compensation payable at the rate 
determined under section 104 of title 3, United States Code. The 
Director shall appoint not more than 15 personnel under this section.
    ``(c) Sunset.--The authority under section (b) shall expire on the 
date that is 5 years after the date of the enactment of this 
section.''.

SEC. 10245. INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) the principles of openness, transparency, due process, 
        balance of interests, appeals, and consensus in the development 
        of international standards are critical;
            (2) voluntary consensus standards, developed through an 
        industry-led process, serve as the cornerstone of the United 
        States standardization system and have become the basis of a 
        sound national economy and the key to global market access;
            (3) strengthening the unique United States public-private 
        partnerships approach to standards development is critical to 
        United States economic competitiveness; and
            (4) the United States Government should ensure cooperation 
        and coordination across Federal agencies to partner with and 
        support private sector stakeholders to continue to shape 
        international dialogues in regard to standards development for 
        emerging technologies.
    (b) International Standards Engagement.--
            (1) In general.--The Director shall lead information 
        exchange and coordination among Federal agencies and 
        communication from Federal agencies to the private sector of 
        the United States to ensure effective Federal engagement in the 
        development and use of international technical standards.
            (2) Requirements.--To support private sector-led engagement 
        and ensure effective Federal engagement in the development and 
        use of international technical standards, the Director shall 
        consider--
                    (A) the role and needs of the Federal Government 
                with respect to international technical standards;
                    (B) organizations developing international 
                technical standards of interest to the United States, 
                United States representation and influence in these 
                organizations, and key contributors for technical and 
                leadership expertise in these organizations;
                    (C) support for persons with domain subject matter 
                expertise, especially from small businesses located in 
                the United States, to influence and engage in technical 
                standards leadership positions, working groups and 
                meetings;
                    (D) opportunities for partnerships for supporting 
                international technical standards from across the 
                Federal Government, Federally funded research and 
                development centers, university-affiliated research 
                centers, institutions of higher education, industry, 
                industry associations, nonprofit organizations, and 
                other key contributors;
                    (E) support for activities to encourage the 
                adoption of technical standards developed in the United 
                States to be adopted by international standards 
                organizations; and
                    (F) other activities determined by the Director to 
                be necessary to support United States participation in 
                international standards development, economic 
                competitiveness, and national security in the 
                development and use of international technical 
                standards.
    (c) Capacity Building Guidance.--The Director shall support 
education and workforce development efforts to promote United States 
participation in international standards organizations. The Director 
shall--
            (1) identify and create, as appropriate, technical 
        standards education and training resources for interested 
        businesses, industry associations, academia, nonprofit 
        organizations, Federal agencies, and other relevant standards 
        contributors, including activities targeted at integrating 
        standards content into undergraduate and graduate curricula in 
        science, engineering, business, public policy, and law;
            (2) conduct outreach, including to private sector leaders, 
        to support engagement by more United States stakeholders in 
        international technical standards development; and
            (3) other activities determined necessary by the Director 
        to support increased engagement, influence, and leadership of 
        United States organizations in the development of international 
        technical standards.
    (d) Capacity Building Pilot Program.--
            (1) In general.--The Director, in coordination with the 
        Director of the National Science Foundation, and the heads of 
        other relevant Federal agencies, as appropriate, shall 
        establish or enter into cooperative agreements with appropriate 
        nongovernmental organizations to establish a 5-year pilot 
        program to award grants, on a merit-reviewed, competitive 
        basis, to private sector entities, institutions of higher 
        education, or nonprofit institutions based in the United States 
        to support increased participation and leadership by small 
        business and academic interests in international standards 
        organizations.
            (2) Use of funds.--Grants awarded to eligible entities 
        under this subsection may be used to cover reasonable costs, up 
        to a specified ceiling set by the Director, of activities to 
        support increased engagement and leadership of eligible entity 
        employees in international standards organizations, which may 
        include costs associated with--
                    (A) travel;
                    (B) education and training;
                    (C) dues or fees related to participation in 
                technical standards development activities; and
                    (D) other such costs that the Director determines 
                may reasonably support participation of the eligible 
                entity in international standards organizations.
            (3) Award criteria.--The Director shall ensure that award 
        decisions made under this subsection take into account the 
        extent to which the eligible entity--
                    (A) employs full-time an individual or individuals 
                who demonstrate deep technical standards expertise;
                    (B) employs full-time an individual or individuals 
                who demonstrate knowledge with the processes of the 
                standards development organization in which the 
                eligible entity intends to engage using grant funds;
                    (C) proposes a feasible set of standard 
                deliverables to be completed over the period of the 
                grant;
                    (D) explains how the eligible entity will fund 
                additional standards-related activities necessary to 
                achieve the deliverables referred to in subparagraph 
                (C) if the grant funds are insufficient to cover all 
                costs of such activities;
                    (E) commits personnel with appropriate expertise to 
                regularly engage in relevant international 
                organizations responsible for developing technical 
                standards over the period of the grant; and
                    (F) identifies a clearly defined current or 
                anticipated market need or gap that would be addressed 
                by their standards development proposal.
            (4) Eligibility.--A small business concern (as such term is 
        defined in section 3 of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 632) 
        based in the United States, an institution of higher education, 
        or a nonprofit institution (as such term is defined in section 
        4 of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 
        U.S.C. 3703)) shall be eligible to receive grants under this 
        program.
            (5) Guidance on application and award process.--The 
        Director shall develop, and periodically update, guidance, 
        including eligibility, applicant disclosure requirements, grant 
        amount and duration, the merit review process, priority areas 
        for standards development, and any additional requirements for 
        how grants are awarded under this subsection.
            (6) Merit review process.--The Director shall ensure that 
        grants under this subsection are awarded based on a 
        competitive, merit review process including the use of merit 
        review panels that may include experts from both government, 
        the private sector, and, as appropriate, academic, nonprofit, 
        or other organizations as the Director determines appropriate.
            (7) Consultation.--In carrying out the pilot program 
        established under this subsection, the Director shall consult 
        with other Federal agencies, private sector organizations, 
        institutions of higher education, and nonprofit organizations 
        to help inform the pilot program, including the guidance 
        developed under paragraph (5).
            (8) Report to congress.--The Director shall brief Congress 
        after the second year of the pilot program and each year 
        following that includes the following:
                    (A) An assessment of the effectiveness of the pilot 
                program for improving the participation of United 
                States small businesses, United States institutions of 
                higher education, or other nonprofit research 
                institutions in international standards organizations, 
                including--
                            (i) the type of activities supported, 
                        including leadership roles;
                            (ii) the international standards 
                        organizations participated in; and
                            (iii) the technical areas covered by the 
                        activities.
                    (B) If determined effective, a plan for permanent 
                implementation of the pilot program.

SEC. 10246. STANDARD TECHNICAL UPDATE.

    (a) National Institute of Standards and Technology Act Updates.--
The National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 271) 
is amended--
            (1) by amending subsection (a) of section 17 (15 U.S.C. 
        278g) to read as follows:
    ``(a) The Secretary is authorized, notwithstanding any other 
provision of law, to expend such sums, within the limit of appropriated 
funds, as the Secretary may determine desirable through direct support 
for activities of international organizations and foreign national 
metrology institutes with which the Institute cooperates to advance 
measurement methods, technical standards, and related basic 
technologies, for official representation, to host official receptions, 
dinners, and similar events, and to otherwise extend official 
courtesies, including transportation of foreign dignitaries and 
representatives of foreign national metrology institutes to and from 
the Institute, for the purpose of maintaining the standing and prestige 
of the Department of Commerce and the Institute, through the grant of 
fellowships or other appropriate form of financial or logistical 
assistance or support to foreign nationals not in service to the 
Government of the United States while they are performing scientific or 
engineering work at the Institute or participating in the exchange of 
scientific or technical information at the Institute.''; and
            (2) in section 20 (15 U.S.C. 278g-3)--
                    (A) in subsection (c), by amending paragraph (3) to 
                read as follows:
            ``(3) submit such standards and guidelines to the Secretary 
        of Commerce for promulgation under section 11331 of title 
        40;''; and
                    (B) in subsection (d)--
                            (i) in paragraph (1), by striking 
                        ``Director of the Office of Management and 
                        Budget'' and inserting ``Secretary of 
                        Commerce''; and
                            (ii) in paragraph (8), by striking 
                        ``Director of Management and Budget with such 
                        standards submitted to the Director'' and 
                        inserting ``Secretary of Commerce with such 
                        standards submitted to the Secretary''.
    (b) Stevenson-Wydler Updates.--The Stevenson-Wydler Technology 
Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3701 et seq.) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1) of section 17(c) (15 U.S.C. 
        3711a(c))--
                    (A) by moving each of subparagraphs (D) and (E) two 
                ems to the left; and
                    (B) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(G) Community.''; and
            (2) in subsection (m) of section 26 (15 U.S.C. 3721)--
                    (A) by striking paragraph (2);
                    (B) by redesignating paragraph (3) as paragraph 
                (2); and
                    (C) in paragraph (2), as so redesignated, by 
                striking ``and the Comptroller General's review under 
                paragraph (2)''.
    (c) American Innovation and Competitiveness Act Update.--Section 
113 of the American Innovation and Competitiveness Act (15 U.S.C. 278e 
note) is repealed.
    (d) Clerical Amendment.--The item relating to section 113 in the 
table of contents in section 1(b) of the American Innovation and 
Competitiveness Act is repealed.
    (e) Federal Energy Management Improvement Act Update.--Section 4 of 
the Federal Energy Management Improvement Act of 1988 (15 U.S.C. 5001) 
is amended--
            (1) by striking ``Secretary of Commerce'' and ``Secretary'' 
        each place either such term appears and inserting ``Consumer 
        Product Safety Commission'';
            (2) by redesignating the second subsection (c) as 
        subsection (e); and
            (3) in subsection (g), by redesignating clauses (i) and 
        (ii) as paragraphs (1) and (2), respectively.
    (f) Title 40, United States Code.--Section 11331 of title 40, 
United States Code, is amended by striking subsections (a) through (d) 
and inserting the following:
    ``(a) Standards and Guidelines.--
            ``(1) Authority to prescribe.--Except as provided under 
        paragraph (2), the Secretary of Commerce shall, on the basis of 
        standards and guidelines developed by the National Institute of 
        Standards and Technology pursuant to paragraphs (2) and (3) of 
        section 20(a) of the National Institute of Standards and 
        Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278g-3(a)), prescribe standards and 
        guidelines pertaining to Federal information systems.
            ``(2) National security systems.--Standards and guidelines 
        for national security systems shall be developed, prescribed, 
        enforced, and overseen as otherwise authorized by law and as 
        directed by the President.
    ``(b) Mandatory Requirements.--
            ``(1) Authority to make mandatory.--Except as provided 
        under paragraph (2), the Secretary of Commerce shall make 
        standards prescribed under subsection (a)(1) compulsory and 
        binding to the extent determined necessary by the Secretary to 
        improve the efficiency of operation or security of Federal 
        information systems.
            ``(2) Required mandatory standards.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Standards prescribed under 
                subsection (a)(1) shall include information security 
                standards that--
                            ``(i) provide minimum information security 
                        requirements as determined under section 20(b) 
                        of the National Institute of Standards and 
                        Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278g-3(b)); and
                            ``(ii) are otherwise necessary to improve 
                        the security of Federal information and 
                        information systems.
                    ``(B) Requirement.--Information security standards 
                described in subparagraph (A) shall be compulsory and 
                binding.
    ``(c) Authority to Disapprove or Modify.--The President may 
disapprove or modify the standards and guidelines referred to in 
subsection (a)(1) if the President determines such action to be in the 
public interest. The President's authority to disapprove or modify such 
standards and guidelines may not be delegated. Notice of such 
disapproval or modification shall be published promptly in the Federal 
Register. Upon receiving notice of such disapproval or modification, 
the Secretary of Commerce shall immediately rescind or modify such 
standards or guidelines as directed by the President.
    ``(d) Exercise of Authority.--To ensure fiscal and policy 
consistency, the Secretary of Commerce shall exercise the authority 
conferred by this section subject to direction by the President and in 
coordination with the Director of the Office of Management and Budget.
    ``(e) Application of More Stringent Standards.--The head of an 
executive agency may employ standards for the cost-effective 
information security for Federal information systems within or under 
the supervision of that agency that are more stringent than the 
standards the Secretary prescribes under this section if the more 
stringent standards--
            ``(1) contain at least the applicable standards made 
        compulsory and binding by the Secretary of Commerce; and
            ``(2) are otherwise consistent with policies and guidelines 
        issued under section 3553 of title 44.
    ``(f) Decisions on Promulgation of Standards.--The decision by the 
Secretary of Commerce regarding the promulgation of any standard under 
this section shall occur not later than 6 months after the submission 
of the proposed standard to the Secretary by the National Institute of 
Standards and Technology, as provided under section 20 of the National 
Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278g-3).
    ``(g) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Federal information system.--The term `Federal 
        information system' means an information system used or 
        operated by an executive agency, by a contractor of an 
        executive agency, or by another organization on behalf of an 
        executive agency.
            ``(2) Information security.--The term `information 
        security' has the meaning given that term in section 3552(b)(3) 
        of title 44.
            ``(3) National security system.--The term `national 
        security system' has the meaning given that term in section 
        3552(b)(6) of title 44.''.
    (g) Technical and Conforming Amendment.--Paragraph (2) of section 
20(a) of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 
U.S.C. 278g-3(a)) is amended by striking ``section 3552(b)(5) of title 
44, United States Code'' and inserting ``section 3552(b)(6) of title 
44, United States Code''.
    (h) National Construction Safety Team Act Updates.--Section 4 of 
the National Construction Safety Team Act (15 U.S.C. 7303) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (c), by adding at the end the following:
            ``(5) Civil suits.--Where practicable, a Team shall 
        cooperate with civil litigants without compromising a Team's 
        investigation or the evidence preservation activities as 
        described in this section.''; and
            (2) in subsection (d)--
                    (A) in the subsection heading, by striking 
                ``Interagency'' and inserting ``Investigation''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (1), by inserting ``or any civil 
                suit or civil action'' after ``Federal agency''.

SEC. 10247. GAO STUDY OF NIST RESEARCH SECURITY POLICIES AND PROTOCOLS.

    (a) Evaluation.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment 
of this Act, the Comptroller General of the United States shall conduct 
a study of the Institute's policies and protocols to protect its 
research and combat undue foreign influence.
    (b) Matters to Be Included.--The study conducted under subsection 
(a) shall include, to the extent practicable, the following:
            (1) An analysis of steps taken by the Institute to address 
        foreign threats to Institute-funded research over the previous 
        5 years.
            (2) An analysis of the coordination and engagement between 
        the Department of Commerce's Office of Inspector General, the 
        Department of Commerce's Office of Intelligence, the National 
        Counterintelligence and Security Center of the Office of the 
        Director of National Intelligence, and the Institute in 
        identifying and addressing concerning findings.
            (3) An assessment of the Institute's review process for 
        foreign national associates.
            (4) An assessment of the Institute's policies as it relates 
        to employees and associates participating in foreign talent 
        recruitment programs.
            (5) An assessment of the Institute's implementation of 
        conflict of interest and disclosure policies and requirements, 
        including the disclosure requirements authorized in section 223 
        of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 
        (Public Law 116-283).
            (6) An assessment of the Institute's, the Department of 
        Commerce's Office of Security, the Department of Commerce's 
        Office of Intelligence, and the Department of Commerce's Office 
        of Inspector General's ability to monitor and enforce conflict 
        of interest and disclosure policies and requirements, including 
        the disclosure requirements authorized in section 223 of the 
        National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public 
        Law 116-283).
            (7) An assessment of the Institute's, the Department of 
        Commerce's, and the Department of Commerce's Office of 
        Inspector General's ability to conduct risk assessments of 
        research and development award applications and disclosures to 
        the Institute.
            (8) An assessment of the Institute's research security 
        training programs for both internal and externally-supported 
        researchers and associates, including training focused on 
        international collaboration, and international travel, foreign 
        interference, and rules for proper use of funds, disclosure, 
        conflict of commitment, and conflict of interest.
            (9) An analysis and summary of incidents of undue foreign 
        influence at Institute-supported research facilities and 
        programs over the past 10 years.
            (10) Recommendations for the Institute to bolster its 
        research security policies and protocols.
            (11) Other matters the Comptroller General determines 
        appropriate.
    (c) Congressional Briefing.--Not later than 180 days after the date 
of enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General shall brief the 
Committee on Science, Space, and Technology and the Permanent Select 
Committee on Intelligence of the House of Representatives and the 
Committee of Commerce, Science, and Transportation and the Select 
Committee on Intelligence of the Senate on the findings available from 
the evaluation conducted under subsection (a).
    (d) Report.--Not later than 18 months after the date of enactment 
of this Act, the Comptroller General shall submit to the congressional 
committees specified in subsection (c) a report on the findings and 
recommendations of the evaluation conducted under subsection (a).

SEC. 10248. STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION GRANTS.

    (a) Nongovernmental Standards Development Organization Defined.--In 
this section, the term ``nongovernmental standards development 
organization'' means a nongovernmental standards development 
organization (as defined in section 2(e) of the Office of Management 
and Budget Circular A-119 (relating to Federal participation in the 
development and use of voluntary consensus standards in conformity 
assessment activities), or any successor document) that adheres to the 
American National Standards Institute (ANSI) Essential Requirements for 
Due Process for American National Standards.
    (b) Grant Authority.--The Secretary of Commerce, acting through the 
Director, shall establish a competitive program of grants for 
nongovernmental standards development organizations for the purposes 
described in subsection (c).
    (c) Purposes.--A grant awarded under subsection (b) shall be used 
to develop, approve, disseminate, maintain, and review forensic science 
voluntary consensus standards and best practices that shall be 
available to the public free of charge.
    (d) Additional Requirements.--The Director may promulgate such 
requirements, guidelines, and procedures as may be necessary to carry 
out this section.
    (e) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $2,000,000 for each of fiscal 
years 2022 through 2026.

        Subtitle D--Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership

SEC. 10251. ESTABLISHMENT OF EXPANSION AWARDS PILOT PROGRAM AS A PART 
              OF THE HOLLINGS MANUFACTURING EXTENSION PARTNERSHIP.

    (a) Establishment of Expansion Awards Program.--The National 
Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 271 et seq.) is 
amended by inserting after section 25A (15 U.S.C. 278k-1) the 
following:

``SEC. 25B. EXPANSION AWARDS PILOT PROGRAM.

    ``(a) Definitions.--The terms used in this section have the 
meanings given the terms in section 25.
    ``(b) Establishment.--The Director shall establish, subject to the 
availability of appropriations, as a part of the Hollings Manufacturing 
Extension Partnership under sections 25 and 25A, a pilot program of 
expansion awards among participants described in subsection (c) for the 
purposes described in subsection (e).
    ``(c) Participants.--Participants receiving awards under this 
section shall be Centers, or a consortium of Centers (as such term is 
defined in section 25).
    ``(d) Award Amounts.--Subject to the availability of 
appropriations, an award for a recipient under this section shall be in 
an amount equal to the sum of the following:
            ``(1) Such amount as the Director considers appropriate as 
        a minimum base funding level for each award under this section.
            ``(2) Such additional amount as the Director considers in 
        proportion to the manufacturing density of the region of the 
        recipient.
            ``(3) Such supplemental amounts as the Director considers 
        appropriate.
    ``(e) Purpose of Awards.--An award under this section shall be made 
for one or more of the following purposes:
            ``(1) To provide worker education, training, development, 
        and entrepreneurship training and to connect individuals or 
        business with such services offered in their community, which 
        may include employee ownership and workforce training, 
        including connecting manufacturers with career and technical 
        education entities, institutions of higher education (including 
        community colleges), workforce development boards, labor 
        organizations, and nonprofit job training providers to develop 
        and support training and job placement services, including 
        apprenticeship and online learning platforms, for new and 
        incumbent workers, programming to prevent job losses when 
        adopting new technologies and processes, and development of 
        employee ownership practices.
            ``(2) To provide services to improve the resiliency of 
        domestic supply chains.
            ``(3) To mitigate vulnerabilities to cyberattacks, 
        including helping to offset the cost of cybersecurity projects 
        for small manufacturers.
            ``(4) To expand advanced technology services to United 
        States-based small- and medium-sized manufacturers, which may 
        include--
                    ``(A) developing technology demonstration 
                laboratories;
                    ``(B) training and demonstration in areas of supply 
                chain and critical technology needs, including a focus 
                on the demonstration of technologies developed by 
                companies based in the United States;
                    ``(C) services for the adoption of advanced 
                technologies, including smart manufacturing 
                technologies and practices; and
                    ``(D) establishing partnerships, for the 
                development, demonstration, and deployment of advanced 
                technologies, with--
                            ``(i) national laboratories (as defined in 
                        section 2 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 
                        U.S.C. 15801));
                            ``(ii) Federal laboratories;
                            ``(iii) Manufacturing USA institutes (as 
                        described in section 34(d)); and
                            ``(iv) institutions of higher education.
            ``(5) To build capabilities across the Hollings 
        Manufacturing Extension Partnership for domestic supply chain 
        resiliency and optimization, including--
                    ``(A) assessment of domestic manufacturing 
                capabilities, expanded capacity for researching and 
                deploying information on supply chain risk, hidden 
                costs of reliance on offshore suppliers, redesigning 
                products and processes to encourage reshoring, and 
                other relevant topics; and
                    ``(B) expanded services to provide industrywide 
                support that assists United States manufacturers with 
                reshoring manufacturing to strengthen the resiliency of 
                domestic supply chains, including in critical 
                technology areas and foundational manufacturing 
                capabilities that are key to domestic manufacturing 
                competitiveness and resiliency, including forming, 
                casting, machining, joining, surface treatment, 
                tooling, and metal or chemical refining.
    ``(f) Reimbursement.--The Director may reimburse Centers for costs 
incurred by the Centers under this section.
    ``(g) Applications.--Applications for awards under this section 
shall be submitted in such manner, at such time, and containing such 
information as the Director shall require in consultation with the 
Manufacturing Extension Partnership Advisory Board.
    ``(h) Selection.--
            ``(1) Reviewed and merit-based.--The Director shall ensure 
        that awards under this section are reviewed and merit-based.
            ``(2) Geographic diversity.--The Director shall endeavor to 
        have broad geographic diversity among selected proposals.
            ``(3) Criteria.--The Director shall select applications 
        consistent with the purposes identified pursuant to subsection 
        (e) to receive awards that the Director determines will achieve 
        one or more of the following:
                    ``(A) Improvement of the competitiveness of 
                industries in the region in which the Center or Centers 
                are located.
                    ``(B) Creation of jobs or training of newly hired 
                employees.
                    ``(C) Promotion of the transfer and 
                commercialization of research and technology from 
                institutions of higher education, national 
                laboratories, or other federally funded research 
                programs, and nonprofit research institutes.
                    ``(D) Recruitment of a diverse manufacturing 
                workforce, including through outreach to 
                underrepresented populations, including individuals 
                identified in section 33 or section 34 of the Science 
                and Engineering Equal Opportunities Act (42 U.S.C. 
                1885a, 1885b).
                    ``(E) Any other result the Director determines will 
                advance the objective set forth in section 25(c) or 
                25A.
    ``(i) Program Contribution.--Recipients of awards under this 
section shall not be required to provide a matching contribution.
    ``(j) Global Marketplace Projects.--In making an award under this 
section, the Director, in consultation with the Manufacturing Extension 
Partnership Advisory Board and the Secretary, may take into 
consideration whether an application has significant potential for 
enhancing the competitiveness of small and medium-sized United States 
manufacturers in the global marketplace.
    ``(k) Duration.--The Director shall ensure that the duration of an 
award under this section is aligned and consistent with a Center's 
cooperative agreement established in section 25(e).
    ``(l) Report.--Not later than October 1, 2025, the Director shall 
submit to Congress a report that includes--
            ``(1) a summary description of what activities were funded 
        and the measurable outcomes of such activities;
            ``(2) a description of which types of activities under 
        paragraph (1) could remain as part of a permanent expansion 
        awards program;
            ``(3) a description of which types of activities under 
        paragraph (1) could be integrated into, and supported under, 
        the program under section 25;
            ``(4) a description of which types of activities under 
        paragraph (1) could be integrated into, and supported under, 
        the competitive awards program under section 25A; and
            ``(5) a recommendation, supported by a clear explanation, 
        as to whether the pilot program should be continued.''.
    (b) Resource Optimization.--Of amounts authorized for the Hollings 
Manufacturing Extension Partnership program under section 25 of the 
National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k), 
the Secretary shall optimize funding across sections 25 and 25A of such 
Act, as well as the program established under section 25B of such Act 
(as added by subsection (a)), to the extent practicable and subject to 
the availability of appropriations, in order to maximize Center (as 
such term is defined in such section 25) participation as well as 
competitiveness, productivity, and technological performance in United 
States manufacturing.

SEC. 10252. UPDATE TO HOLLINGS MANUFACTURING EXTENSION PARTNERSHIP.

    (a) Acceptance of Funds.--Subsection (l) of section 25 of the 
National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k) is 
amended to read as follows:
    ``(l) Acceptance of Funds.--
            ``(1) In general.--To the extent provided in advance in 
        appropriations Acts, other Federal departments and agencies may 
        transfer amounts to the Institute, and the Secretary and 
        Director may accept and make available cash donations from the 
        private sector pursuant to section 2(c)(7), to be used for 
        strengthening United States manufacturing under this section.
            ``(2) Competitive awards.--Funds accepted from other 
        Federal departments and agencies and from the private sector 
        under paragraph (1) shall be awarded competitively by the 
        Secretary and Director to Centers, provided that the Secretary 
        and Director may make noncompetitive awards, pursuant to this 
        section or section 25A, or as a non-competitive contract, as 
        appropriate, if the Secretary and Director determine that--
                    ``(A) the manufacturing market or sector targeted 
                is limited geographically or in scope;
                    ``(B) the number of States (or territory, in the 
                case of Puerto Rico) with Centers serving manufacturers 
                of such market or sector is five or fewer; and
                    ``(C) such Center has or Centers have received a 
                positive evaluation in the most recent evaluation 
                conducted pursuant to subsection (g).''.
    (b) Supporting American Manufacturing.--Section 25 of the National 
Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)(5)--
                    (A) by striking ``or consortium thereof,''; and
                    (B) by inserting ``or a consortium thereof'' before 
                the period at the end of the sentence;
            (2) in subsection (c)(4), by inserting ``United States-
        based'' before ``industrial'';
            (3) in subsection (d)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1), by inserting ``at United 
                States-based industrial facilities, including small and 
                medium manufacturing companies'' before ``based'';
                    (B) in paragraph (2), by inserting ``United States-
                based'' before ``companies''; and
                    (C) in paragraph (3), by inserting ``United States-
                based'' before ``small'';
            (4) in subsection (f)(5)(B)(i), by inserting ``in the 
        United States'' before the semicolon at the end of the clause; 
        and
            (5) in subsection (n)(1)(A), by inserting ``United States-
        based'' before ``small''.
    (c) Amending the MEP Competitive Awards Program.--Section 25A(c)(2) 
of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 
278k-1(c)(2)) is amended by inserting ``United States'' before 
``manufacturers''.
    (d) MEP Outreach.--Section 25 of the National Institute of 
Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (c)--
                    (A) in paragraph (6), by striking ``community 
                colleges and area career and technical education 
                schools'' and inserting the following: ``secondary 
                schools, community colleges, and area career and 
                technical education schools, including those in 
                underserved and rural communities,''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (7)--
                            (i) by striking ``and local colleges'' and 
                        inserting ``local secondary schools and local 
                        colleges, including historically Black colleges 
                        and universities, Tribal Colleges or 
                        Universities, minority-serving institutions, 
                        community colleges, and secondary schools and 
                        colleges in underserved and rural 
                        communities,''; and
                            (ii) by inserting ``or other applied 
                        learning opportunities'' after 
                        ``apprenticeships''; and
            (2) in subsection (d)(3), by striking ``, community 
        colleges, and area career and technical education schools,'' 
        and inserting the following: ``and local high schools, 
        community colleges, and area career and technical education 
        schools, including those in underserved and rural 
        communities,''.

SEC. 10253. NATIONAL SUPPLY CHAIN DATABASE.

    (a) Establishment of National Supply Chain Database.--The Director 
shall establish a voluntary National Supply Chain Database, subject to 
the availability of appropriations.
    (b) Purpose.--The purpose of the voluntary National Supply Chain 
Database shall be to assist the Federal Government and industry sectors 
in minimizing disruptions to the United States supply chain by having 
an assessment of United States manufacturers' capabilities.
    (c) Study on National Supply Chain Database.--In establishing the 
National Supply Chain Database, the Director shall consider the 
findings and recommendations from the study authorized pursuant to 
section 9413 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 
2021 (Public Law 116-283), including measures to secure and protect the 
Database from adversarial attacks and vulnerabilities.
    (d) Database and Manufacturing Extension Partnership.--
            (1) In general.--The Director shall establish the 
        infrastructure for the National Supply Chain Database through 
        the Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership, established 
        pursuant to section 25 of the National Institute of Standards 
        and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k), by connecting information 
        from the Centers (as such term is defined in such section) 
        through the Database.
            (2) National view.--The Director shall ensure that 
        connections under paragraph (1)--
                    (A) provide a national overview of the networks of 
                supply chains of the United States; and
                    (B) support understanding of whether there is a 
                need for some manufacturers to retool in some critical 
                areas to meet the urgent need for key products.
            (3) Individual hollings manufacturing extension partnership 
        center databases.--
                    (A) In general.--The Director shall ensure that--
                            (i) each Center is connected to the 
                        National Supply Chain Database; and
                            (ii) each supply chain database maintained 
                        by a Center is interoperable with the Database.
                    (B) Rule of construction.--Nothing in this section 
                may be construed to require a State or territory of the 
                United States to establish a new supply chain database 
                through the Hollings Manufacturing Extension 
                Partnership program.
    (e) Maintenance of National Supply Chain Database.--The Director, 
acting through the Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership program 
or a designee of the program--
            (1) shall maintain the National Supply Chain Database as an 
        integration of State-level databases from the Center of each 
        State or territory of the United States;
            (2) may populate the Database with information from past or 
        current clients of Centers; and
            (3) may include in the Database information voluntarily 
        provided by non-client private sector entities based and 
        operating in the United States, as applicable and appropriate.
    (f) Database Content.--The National Supply Chain Database may 
include the following:
            (1) Basic private sector entity information.
            (2) An overview of capabilities, accreditations, and 
        products.
            (3) Proprietary information.
    (g) Standard Classification System.--The National Supply Chain 
Database may, where applicable, use the North American Industry 
Classification System (NAICS) Codes as follows:
            (1) Sector 31-33 - Manufacturing.
            (2) Sector 54 - Professional, Scientific, and Technical 
        Services.
            (3) Sector 48-49 - Transportation and Warehousing.
    (h) Levels.--The National Supply Chain Database shall be multi-
leveled as agreed to under terms of mutual disclosure as follows:
            (1) Level 1 shall have the capability to provide basic 
        private sector entity information and shall be available to the 
        public.
            (2) Level 2 shall have the capability to provide a deeper, 
        nonproprietary overview into capabilities, products, and 
        accreditations and shall be available to all companies that 
        contribute to the Database.
            (3) Level 3 shall have the capability to hold proprietary 
        information.
    (i) Matters Relating to Disclosure and Access.--
            (1) FOIA exemption.--The National Supply Chain Database, 
        and any information contained therein that is not publicly 
        released by the Institute, shall be exempt from public 
        disclosure under section 552(b)(3) of title 5, United States 
        Code.
            (2) Limitation on access to content.--Access to a 
        contributing private sector entity's nonpublic content in the 
        National Supply Chain Database shall be limited to--
                    (A) the contributing private sector entity, the 
                Institute, and staff from a Center who sign a 
                nondisclosure agreement, and
                    (B) other Federal departments and agencies,
        as the Director considers appropriate.
            (3) Aggregated information.--The Director may make 
        aggregated, de-identified information available to contributing 
        companies, Centers, or the public, as the Director considers 
        appropriate, in support of the purposes of this section.
    (j) Coordination With National Technology and Industrial Base 
Council.--The Director, acting through the Hollings Manufacturing 
Extension Partnership program, may work with the National Defense 
Technology and Industrial Base Council established under section 4812 
of title 10, United States Code, as the Director considers appropriate, 
to include in the National Supply Chain Database information regarding 
the defense manufacturing supply chain.
    (k) Protections.--
            (1) In general.--Supply chain information that is 
        voluntarily and lawfully submitted to the National Supply Chain 
        Database by a private sector entity and accompanied by an 
        express statement described in paragraph (2)--
                    (A) shall be exempt from disclosure under section 
                552(b)(3) of title 5, United States Code;
                    (B) may not be made available pursuant to any 
                Federal, State, local, or Tribal authority pursuant to 
                any Federal, State, local, or Tribal law requiring 
                public disclosure of information or records; and
                    (C) may not, without the written consent of the 
                private sector entity submitting such information, be 
                used directly by the Director, or any other Federal, 
                State, or local authority in any civil enforcement 
                action brought by a Federal, State, Tribal, or local 
                authority.
            (2) Express statement.--The express statement described in 
        this paragraph, with respect to information or records, is--
                    (A) in the case of written information or records, 
                a written marking on the information or records 
                substantially similar to the following: ``This 
                information is voluntarily submitted to the Federal 
                Government in expectation of protection from disclosure 
                as provided by the provisions of section 10253(k) of 
                the Research and Development, Competition, and 
                Innovation Act.''; or
                    (B) in the case of oral information, a written 
                statement similar to the statement described in 
                subparagraph (A) submitted within a reasonable period 
                following the oral communication.
    (l) Rules of Construction.--
            (1) Private entities.--Nothing in this section may be 
        construed to require any private sector entity to share data, 
        including proprietary information, with the Director or the 
        National Supply Chain Database.
            (2) Prohibition on new regulatory authority.--Nothing in 
        this section may be construed to grant the Director, or the 
        head of any other Federal agency, any authority to promulgate 
        regulations or set standards on manufacturers, based on data 
        within the National Supply Chain Database, that was not in 
        effect on the day before the date of the enactment of this 
        section.

SEC. 10254. HOLLINGS MANUFACTURING EXTENSION PARTNERSHIP ACTIVITIES.

    Section 70924(b) of the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act 
(Public Law 117-58) is amended to read as follows:
    ``(b) Automatic Enrollment in GSA Advantage.--The Administrator of 
the General Services Administration and the Secretary of Commerce, 
acting through the Under Secretary of Commerce for Standards and 
Technology, shall jointly ensure that businesses that participate in 
the Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership, and so desire, are 
automatically enrolled in General Services Administration Advantage.''.

SEC. 10255. AMENDMENT TO THE HOLLINGS MANUFACTURING EXTENSION 
              PARTNERSHIP RELATING TO INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER EDUCATION.

    Subsection (a) of section 25 of the National Institute of Standards 
and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating paragraph (6) (relating to the 
        definition of ``Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership or 
        Program'') as paragraph (7);
            (2) by inserting after paragraph (5) the following new 
        paragraph:
            ``(6) Historically black college and university.--The term 
        `historically Black college and university' has the meaning 
        given the term `part B institution' in section 322 of the 
        Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1061).'';
            (3) by redesignating the second paragraph (7) (relating to 
        the definition of ``MEP Advisory Board'') as paragraph (8);
            (4) by inserting after paragraph (6) (as inserted by 
        paragraph (2), relating to the definition of ``historically 
        Black college and university'') the following new paragraph:
            ``(7) Institution of higher education.--The term 
        `institution of higher education' has the meaning given such 
        term in section 101 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
        U.S.C. 1001).''; and
            (5) by adding at the end the following new paragraphs:
            ``(9) Minority-serving institution.--The term `minority-
        serving institution' means a Hispanic-serving institution as 
        defined in section 502(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 
        (20 U.S.C. 1101a(a)); an Alaska Native-serving institution or 
        Native Hawaiian-serving institution as defined in section 
        317(b) of such Act (20 U.S.C. 1059d(b)); or a Predominantly 
        Black institution, Asian American and Native American Pacific 
        Islander-serving institution, or Native American-serving 
        nontribal institution as defined in section 371(c) of such Act 
        (20 U.S.C. 1067q(c)).
            ``(10) Secondary school.--The term `secondary school' has 
        the meaning given such term in section 8101 of the Elementary 
        and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7801).
            ``(11) Tribal college or university.--The term `Tribal 
        College or University' has the meaning given the term `Tribal 
        College or University' in section 316 of the Higher Education 
        Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1059c).''.

                 Subtitle E--Manufacturing USA Program

SEC. 10261. SUPPORTING GEOGRAPHIC DIVERSITY.

    Section 34(e) of the National Institute of Standards and Technology 
Act (15 U.S.C. 278s(e)) is amended by adding at the end the following:
            ``(8) Diversity preferences.--In awarding financial 
        assistance under paragraph (1) for planning or establishing a 
        Manufacturing USA institute, an agency head shall give special 
        consideration to Manufacturing USA institutes that--
                    ``(A) contribute to the geographic diversity of the 
                Manufacturing USA Program;
                    ``(B) are located in an area with a low per capita 
                income;
                    ``(C) are located in an area with a high proportion 
                of socially disadvantaged residents; or
                    ``(D) are located in small and rural 
                communities.''.

SEC. 10262. EXPANDING OPPORTUNITIES THROUGH THE MANUFACTURING USA 
              PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary of Commerce, in consultation with 
the Secretary of Energy, the Secretary of Defense, and the heads of 
such other Federal agencies as the Secretary of Commerce considers 
relevant, shall coordinate with existing and new Manufacturing USA 
institutes to integrate covered entities as active members of the 
Manufacturing USA institutes, including through the development of 
preferences in selection criteria for proposals to create new 
Manufacturing USA institutes or renew existing Manufacturing USA 
institutes that include one or more covered entities.
    (b) Covered Entities.--For purposes of this subsection, a covered 
entity is--
            (1) an historically Black college and university;
            (2) a Tribal College or University;
            (3) a minority-serving institution;
            (4) a minority business enterprise (as such term is defined 
        in section 1400.2 of title 15, Code of Federal Regulations, or 
        successor regulation); or
            (5) a rural-serving institution of higher education (as 
        such term is defined in section 861 of the Higher Education Act 
        of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1161q)).

SEC. 10263. PROMOTING DOMESTIC PRODUCTION OF TECHNOLOGIES DEVELOPED 
              UNDER MANUFACTURING USA PROGRAM.

    (a) Department of Commerce Policies to Promote Domestic Production 
of Technologies Developed Under Manufacturing USA Network.--
            (1) Policies.--
                    (A) In general.--Each agency head (as such term is 
                defined in section 34(a) of the National Institute of 
                Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278s(a))) and 
                the Secretary of Defense shall, in consultation with 
                the Secretary of Commerce, establish policies to 
                promote the domestic production of technologies 
                developed by the Manufacturing USA Network.
                    (B) Elements.--The policies established under 
                subparagraph (A) shall include the following:
                            (i) Measures to partner domestic developers 
                        of goods, services, or technologies by 
                        Manufacturing USA Network activities with 
                        domestic manufacturers and sources of 
                        financing.
                            (ii) Measures to develop and provide 
                        incentives to promote transfer of intellectual 
                        property and goods, services, or technologies 
                        developed by Manufacturing USA Network 
                        activities to domestic manufacturers.
                            (iii) Measures to assist with supplier 
                        scouting and other supply chain development, 
                        including the use of the Hollings Manufacturing 
                        Extension Partnership under section 25 of the 
                        National Institute of Standards and Technology 
                        Act (15 U.S.C. 278k) to carry out such 
                        measures.
                            (iv) A process to review and approve or 
                        deny membership in a Manufacturing USA 
                        institute by foreign-owned entities, especially 
                        from countries of concern, including the 
                        People's Republic of China.
                            (v) Measures to prioritize Federal 
                        procurement of goods, services, or technologies 
                        developed by the Manufacturing USA Network 
                        activities from domestic sources, as 
                        appropriate.
                    (C) Processes for waivers.--The policies 
                established under this paragraph shall include 
                processes to permit waivers, on a case by case basis, 
                for policies that promote domestic production based on 
                cost, availability, severity of technical and mission 
                requirements, emergency requirements, operational 
                needs, other legal or international treaty obligations, 
                or other factors determined important to the success of 
                the Manufacturing USA Program.
            (2) Prohibition.--
                    (A) In general.--A company of the People's Republic 
                of China may not participate in the Manufacturing USA 
                Program without a waiver, as described in paragraph 
                (1)(C).
                    (B) Company defined.--In this paragraph, the term 
                ``company'' has the meaning given such term in section 
                847(a) of the National Defense Authorization Act for 
                Fiscal Year 2020 (Public Law 116-92; 10 U.S.C. 4819 
                note).
    (b) Coordination of Manufacturing USA Institutes.--Subsection (h) 
of section 34 of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Act 
(15 U.S.C. 278s) is amended by adding at the end the following:
            ``(7) Council for coordination of institutes.--
                    ``(A) Council.--The National Program Office shall 
                establish or designate a council of heads of any 
                Manufacturing USA institute receiving Federal funding 
                at any time to foster collaboration between 
                Manufacturing USA institutes.
                    ``(B) Meetings.--The council established or 
                designated pursuant to subparagraph (A) shall meet not 
                less frequently than twice each year.
                    ``(C) Duties of the council.--The council 
                established pursuant to subparagraph (A) shall assist 
                the National Program Office in carrying out the 
                functions of the National Program Office under 
                paragraph (2).''.
    (c) Requirement for National Program Office to Develop Strategies 
for Retaining Domestic Public Benefit After Cessation of Federal 
Funding.--Subparagraph (C) of section 34(h)(2) of the National 
Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278s(h)(2)) is 
amended by inserting ``, including a strategy for retaining domestic 
public benefits from Manufacturing USA institutes once Federal funding 
has been discontinued'' after ``Program''.
    (d) Modification of Functions of National Program Office to Include 
Development of Industry Credentials.--Subparagraph (J) of section 
34(h)(2) of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 
U.S.C. 278s(h)(2)) is amended by inserting ``, including the 
development of industry credentials'' after ``activities''.
    (e) Advice From the United States Manufacturing Council.--The 
Secretary shall seek advice from the United States Manufacturing 
Council of the International Trade Administration of the Department of 
Commerce on matters concerning investment in and support of the 
manufacturing workforce within the Manufacturing USA Program.

         TITLE III--NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION FOR THE FUTURE

                    Subtitle A--Preliminary Matters

SEC. 10301. SENSE OF CONGRESS.

    It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) the National Science Foundation, the Department of 
        Energy and its National Laboratories, and other key Federal 
        agencies have carried out vital work supporting basic and 
        applied research to create knowledge that is a key driver of 
        the economy of the United States and a critical component of 
        national security;
            (2) openness to diverse perspectives and a focus on freedom 
        from censorship and political bias will continue to make 
        educational and research institutions in the United States 
        beacons to thousands of students from across the world;
            (3) increasing research and technology transfer 
        investments, building regional capacity and reducing geographic 
        disparity, strengthening supply chains, and increasing 
        capabilities in key technology focus areas will enhance the 
        competitive advantage and leadership of the United States in 
        the global economy;
            (4) the Federal Government must utilize the full talent and 
        potential of the entire Nation by avoiding undue geographic 
        concentration of research and STEM education funding, 
        encouraging broader participation of populations 
        underrepresented in STEM, and collaborating with nongovernment 
        partners to ensure the leadership of the United States in 
        technological innovation; and
            (5) authorization and funding for investments in research, 
        education, technology transfer, intellectual property, 
        manufacturing, and other core strengths of the United States 
        innovation ecosystem, including at the National Science 
        Foundation and the Department of Energy, should be done on a 
        bipartisan basis.

SEC. 10302. DEFINITIONS.

    In this title:
            (1) Board.--The term ``Board'' means the National Science 
        Board.
            (2) Director.--The term ``Director'' means the Director of 
        the National Science Foundation.
            (3) NSF includes.--The term ``NSF INCLUDES'' means the 
        initiative carried out under section 10323.
            (4) STEM ecosystem.--The term ``STEM ecosystem'' means a 
        local, regional, or statewide network, consortium, or multi-
        sector partnership, which may be led or co-led by a nonprofit 
        organizational entity, that is operating in the United States 
        with the goal of supporting participation in STEM study, 
        activities, and career pathways as defined in the CoSTEM Annual 
        Progress Report of 2020 with a broad range of non-Federal 
        partners.

SEC. 10303. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    (a) Fiscal Year 2023.--
            (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
        the Foundation $11,897,480,000 for fiscal year 2023.
            (2) Specific allocations.--Of the amount authorized under 
        paragraph (1)--
                    (A) $9,050,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated 
                to carry out research and related activities, of 
                which--
                            (i) $55,000,000 is authorized to be 
                        appropriated for the Mid-Scale Research 
                        Infrastructure Program; and
                            (ii) $1,500,000,000 is authorized to be 
                        appropriated for the Directorate for 
                        Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships;
                    (B) $1,950,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated 
                for STEM education, of which--
                            (i) $73,700,000 is authorized to be 
                        appropriated for the Robert Noyce Teacher 
                        Scholarship Program;
                            (ii) $59,500,000 is authorized to be 
                        appropriated for the NSF Research Traineeship 
                        Program;
                            (iii) $416,300,000 is authorized to be 
                        appropriated for the Graduate Research 
                        Fellowship Program;
                            (iv) $70,000,000 is authorized to be 
                        appropriated for the Cybercorps Scholarship for 
                        Service Program; and
                            (v) $350,000,000 is authorized to be 
                        appropriated for fellowships, traineeships, and 
                        scholarships described in section 10393;
                    (C) $249,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated 
                for major research equipment and facilities 
                construction, of which $76,250,000 is authorized to be 
                appropriated for the Mid-Scale Research Infrastructure 
                Program;
                    (D) $620,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated 
                for agency operations and award management;
                    (E) $5,090,000 is authorized to be appropriated for 
                the Office of the National Science Board; and
                    (F) $23,390,000 is authorized to be appropriated 
                for the Office of the Inspector General.
    (b) Fiscal Year 2024.--
            (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
        the Foundation $15,646,930,000 for fiscal year 2024.
            (2) Specific allocations.--Of the amount authorized under 
        paragraph (1)--
                    (A) $12,050,000,000 is authorized to be 
                appropriated to carry out research and related 
                activities, of which--
                            (i) $60,000,000 is authorized to be 
                        appropriated for the Mid-Scale Research 
                        Infrastructure Program; and
                            (ii) $3,350,000,000 is authorized to be 
                        appropriated for the Directorate for 
                        Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships;
                    (B) $2,500,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated 
                for STEM education, of which--
                            (i) $80,400,000 is authorized to be 
                        appropriated for the Robert Noyce Teacher 
                        Scholarship Program;
                            (ii) $64,910,000 is authorized to be 
                        appropriated for the NSF Research Traineeship 
                        Program;
                            (iii) $454,140,000 is authorized to be 
                        appropriated for the Graduate Research 
                        Fellowship Program;
                            (iv) $72,000,000 is authorized to be 
                        appropriated for the Cybercorps Scholarship for 
                        Service Program; and
                            (v) $800,000,000 is authorized to be 
                        appropriated for fellowships, traineeships, and 
                        scholarships described in section 10393;
                    (C) $355,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated 
                for major research equipment and facilities 
                construction, of which $80,000,000 is authorized to be 
                appropriated for the Mid-Scale Research Infrastructure 
                Program;
                    (D) $710,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated 
                for agency operations and award management;
                    (E) $5,320,000 is authorized to be appropriated for 
                the Office of the National Science Board; and
                    (F) $26,610,000 is authorized to be appropriated 
                for the Office of the Inspector General.
    (c) Fiscal Year 2025.--
            (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
        the Foundation $16,706,670,000 for fiscal year 2025.
            (2) Specific allocations.--Of the amount authorized under 
        paragraph (1)--
                    (A) $12,850,000,000 is authorized to be 
                appropriated to carry out research and related 
                activities, of which--
                            (i) $70,000,000 is authorized to be 
                        appropriated for the Mid-Scale Research 
                        Infrastructure Program; and
                            (ii) $3,550,000,000 is authorized to be 
                        appropriated for the Directorate for 
                        Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships;
                    (B) $2,700,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated 
                for STEM education, of which--
                            (i) $87,100,000 is authorized to be 
                        appropriated for the Robert Noyce Teacher 
                        Scholarship Program;
                            (ii) $70,320,000 is authorized to be 
                        appropriated for the NSF Research Traineeship 
                        Program;
                            (iii) $491,990,000 is authorized to be 
                        appropriated for the Graduate Research 
                        Fellowship Program;
                            (iv) $78,000,000 is authorized to be 
                        appropriated for the Cybercorps Scholarship for 
                        Service Program; and
                            (v) $900,000,000 is authorized to be 
                        appropriated for fellowships, traineeships, and 
                        scholarships described in section 10393;
                    (C) $370,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated 
                for major research equipment and facilities 
                construction, of which $85,000,000 is authorized to be 
                appropriated for the Mid-Scale Research Infrastructure 
                Program;
                    (D) $750,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated 
                for agency operations and award management;
                    (E) $5,560,000 is authorized to be appropriated for 
                the Office of the National Science Board; and
                    (F) $31,110,000 is authorized to be appropriated 
                for the Office of the Inspector General.
    (d) Fiscal Year 2026.--
            (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
        the Foundation $17,832,420,000 for fiscal year 2026.
            (2) Specific allocations.--Of the amount authorized under 
        paragraph (1)--
                    (A) $13,800,000,000 is authorized to be 
                appropriated to carry out research and related 
                activities, of which--
                            (i) $75,000,000 is authorized to be 
                        appropriated for the Mid-Scale Research 
                        Infrastructure Program; and
                            (ii) $3,800,000,000 is authorized to be 
                        appropriated for the Directorate for 
                        Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships;
                    (B) $2,850,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated 
                for STEM education, of which--
                            (i) $93,800,000 is authorized to be 
                        appropriated for the Robert Noyce Teacher 
                        Scholarship Program;
                            (ii) $75,730,000 is authorized to be 
                        appropriated for the NSF Research Traineeship 
                        Program;
                            (iii) $529,830,000 is authorized to be 
                        appropriated for the Graduate Research 
                        Fellowship Program;
                            (iv) $84,000,000 is authorized to be 
                        appropriated for the Cybercorps Scholarship for 
                        Service Program; and
                            (v) $950,000,000 is authorized to be 
                        appropriated for fellowships, traineeships, and 
                        scholarships described in section 10393;
                    (C) $372,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated 
                for major research equipment and facilities 
                construction, of which $90,000,000 is authorized to be 
                appropriated for the Mid-Scale Research Infrastructure 
                Program;
                    (D) $770,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated 
                for agency operations and award management;
                    (E) $5,810,000 is authorized to be appropriated for 
                the Office of the National Science Board; and
                    (F) $34,610,000 is authorized to be appropriated 
                for the Office of the Inspector General.
    (e) Fiscal Year 2027.--
            (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
        the Foundation $18,919,180,000 for fiscal year 2027.
            (2) Specific allocations.--Of the amount authorized under 
        paragraph (1)--
                    (A) $14,700,000,000 is authorized to be 
                appropriated to carry out research and related 
                activities, of which--
                            (i) $80,000,000 is authorized to be 
                        appropriated for the Mid-Scale Research 
                        Infrastructure Program; and
                            (ii) $4,100,000,000 is authorized to be 
                        appropriated for the Directorate for 
                        Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships;
                    (B) $3,000,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated 
                for STEM education, of which--
                            (i) $100,500,000 is authorized to be 
                        appropriated for the Robert Noyce Teacher 
                        Scholarship Program;
                            (ii) $81,140,000 is authorized to be 
                        appropriated for the NSF Research Traineeship 
                        Program;
                            (iii) $567,680,000 is authorized to be 
                        appropriated for the Graduate Research 
                        Fellowship Program;
                            (iv) $90,000,000 is authorized to be 
                        appropriated for the Cybercorps Scholarship for 
                        Service Program; and
                            (v) $1,000,000,000 is authorized to be 
                        appropriated for fellowships, traineeships, and 
                        scholarships described in section 10393;
                    (C) $375,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated 
                for major research equipment and facilities 
                construction, of which $100,000,000 is authorized to be 
                appropriated for the Mid-Scale Research Infrastructure 
                Program;
                    (D) $800,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated 
                for agency operations and award management;
                    (E) $6,070,000 is authorized to be appropriated for 
                the Office of the National Science Board; and
                    (F) $38,110,000 is authorized to be appropriated 
                for the Office of the Inspector General.

                       Subtitle B--STEM Education

SEC. 10311. PREK-12 STEM EDUCATION.

    (a) National Academies Study.--Not later than 120 days after the 
date of enactment of this Act, the Director shall enter into an 
agreement with the National Academies to conduct a study to--
            (1) review the research literature and identify research 
        gaps regarding the interconnected factors that foster and 
        hinder successful implementation of promising, evidence-based 
        PreK-12 STEM education innovations at the local, regional, and 
        national level;
            (2) present a compendium of promising, evidence-based PreK-
        12 STEM education practices, models, programs, and 
        technologies;
            (3) identify barriers to widespread and sustained 
        implementation of such innovations; and
            (4) make recommendations to the Foundation, the Department 
        of Education, the National Science and Technology Council's 
        Committee on Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics 
        Education, State and local educational agencies, and other 
        relevant stakeholders on measures to address such barriers.
    (b) Supporting PreK-12 Informal STEM Opportunities.--Section 3 of 
the STEM Education Act of 2015 (42 U.S.C. 1862q) is amended by adding 
at the end the following:
    ``(c) PreK-12 Informal STEM.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Director of the National Science 
        Foundation shall make awards, through existing programs where 
        appropriate to institutions of higher education and nonprofit 
        organizations (or consortia of such intuitions or 
        organizations) on a merit-reviewed, competitive basis for 
        research on effective approaches to engaging students in PreK-
        12, including students from groups historically 
        underrepresented in STEM and rural students.
            ``(2) Purposes.--The purposes of this subsection are to--
                    ``(A) provide effective, compelling, and engaging 
                means for teaching and reinforcing fundamental STEM 
                concepts to PreK-12 students;
                    ``(B) expand the STEM workforce pipeline by 
                increasing the number of youth in the United States 
                exposed to STEM from an early age and encourage them to 
                pursue careers in STEM-related fields; and
                    ``(C) broaden participation of groups historically 
                underrepresented in STEM and rural students, in the 
                STEM workforce.
            ``(3) Use of funds.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Awards made under this 
                subsection shall support research and development on 
                innovative before-school, after-school, out-of-school, 
                or summer activities that are designed to encourage 
                interest, engagement, and skills development in STEM, 
                including for students from groups historically 
                underrepresented in STEM and rural students.
                    ``(B) Permitted activities.--The research and 
                development activities described in subparagraph (A) 
                may include--
                            ``(i) the provision of programming 
                        described in such subparagraph for the purpose 
                        of research described in such subparagraph;
                            ``(ii) the use of a variety of engagement 
                        methods, including cooperative and hands-on 
                        learning;
                            ``(iii) exposure of students to role models 
                        in the fields of STEM and near-peer mentors;
                            ``(iv) training of informal learning 
                        educators, youth-serving professionals, and 
                        volunteers who lead informal STEM programs in 
                        using evidence-based methods consistent with 
                        the target student population being served;
                            ``(v) education of students on the 
                        relevance and significance of STEM careers, 
                        provision of academic advice and assistance, 
                        and activities designed to help students make 
                        real-world connections to STEM content;
                            ``(vi) the preparation of students to 
                        attend events, competitions, and academic 
                        programs that provide content expertise and 
                        encourage career exposure in STEM, which may 
                        include the purchase of parts and supplies 
                        needed to prepare for participation in such 
                        competitions;
                            ``(vii) activities designed to engage 
                        parents and families of students in PreK-12 in 
                        STEM;
                            ``(viii) innovative strategies to engage 
                        students, such as using leadership skills and 
                        outcome measures to impart youth with the 
                        confidence to pursue STEM coursework and 
                        academic study;
                            ``(ix) coordination with STEM-rich 
                        environments, including other nonprofit, 
                        nongovernmental organizations, out-of- 
                        classroom settings, institutions of higher 
                        education, vocational facilities, corporations, 
                        museums, or science centers; and
                            ``(x) the acquisition of instructional 
                        materials or technology-based tools to conduct 
                        applicable award activity.
            ``(4) Application.--An applicant seeking funding under this 
        subsection shall submit an application at such time, in such 
        manner, and containing such information as may be required by 
        the Director. Applications that include or partner with a 
        nonprofit, nongovernmental organization that has extensive 
        experience and expertise in increasing the participation of 
        students in PreK-12 in STEM are encouraged. At a minimum, the 
        application shall include the following:
                    ``(A) A description of the target audience to be 
                served by the research activity or activities for which 
                such funding is sought.
                    ``(B) A description of the process for recruitment 
                and selection of students to participate in such 
                activities.
                    ``(C) A description of how such activity or 
                activities may inform programming that engages students 
                in PreK-12 in STEM.
                    ``(D) A description of how such activity or 
                activities may inform programming that promotes student 
                academic achievement in STEM.
                    ``(E) An evaluation plan that includes, at a 
                minimum, the use of outcome-oriented measures to 
                determine the impact and efficacy of programming being 
                researched.
            ``(5) Evaluations.--Each recipient of an award under this 
        subsection shall provide, at the conclusion of every year 
        during which the award funds are received, a report in a form 
        prescribed by the Director.
            ``(6) Encourage applications.--In making awards under this 
        subsection, the Director shall encourage applications which, 
        for the purpose of the activity or activities funded through 
        the award, are from or include eligible nonprofit programs 
        serving students that attend elementary schools or secondary 
        schools (including high schools) that--
                    ``(A) are implementing comprehensive support and 
                improvement activities or targeted support and 
                improvement activities under paragraph (1) or (2) of 
                section 1111(d) of the Elementary and Secondary 
                Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 6311(d)); or
                    ``(B) serve high percentages of students who are 
                eligible for a free or reduced-price lunch under the 
                Richard B. Russell National School Lunch Act (42 U.S.C. 
                1751 et seq.) (which, in the case of a high school, may 
                be calculated using comparable data from the schools 
                that feed into the high school).
            ``(7) Accountability and dissemination.--
                    ``(A) Evaluation required.--The Director shall 
                evaluate the activities established under this 
                subsection. Such evaluation shall--
                            ``(i) use a common set of benchmarks and 
                        tools to assess the results of research 
                        conducted under such awards; and
                            ``(ii) to the extent practicable, integrate 
                        the findings of the research resulting from the 
                        activity or activities funded through the award 
                        with the current research on serving students 
                        with respect to the pursuit of degrees or 
                        careers in STEM, including underrepresented and 
                        rural students, in PreK-12.
                    ``(B) Report on evaluations.--Not later than 180 
                days after the completion of the evaluation under 
                subparagraph (A), the Director shall submit to Congress 
                and make widely available to the public a report that 
                includes--
                            ``(i) the results of the evaluation; and
                            ``(ii) any recommendations for 
                        administrative and legislative action that 
                        could optimize the effectiveness of the program 
                        under this subsection.
            ``(8) Coordination.--In carrying out this subsection, the 
        Director shall, for purposes of enhancing program effectiveness 
        and avoiding duplication of activities, consult, and coordinate 
        with other relevant Federal agencies.''.
    (c) [Log 907 S2522] National STEM Teacher Corps Pilot.--
            (1) Purpose.--It is the purpose of this subsection to 
        elevate the profession of STEM teaching by establishing a 
        National STEM Teacher Corps pilot program to recognize 
        outstanding STEM teachers in our Nation's classrooms, rewards 
        them for their accomplishments, elevates their public profile, 
        and creates rewarding career paths to which all STEM teachers 
        can aspire, both to prepare future STEM researchers and to 
        create a scientifically literate public.
            (2) Definitions.--In this subsection:
                    (A) Administrator.--The term ``Administrator'' 
                means the Administrator of the National STEM Teacher 
                Corps.
                    (B) Eligible entity.--The term ``eligible entity'' 
                means--
                            (i) an institution of higher education; or
                            (ii) a consortium consisting of an 
                        institution of higher education and one or more 
                        of the following:
                                    (I) A State educational agency (as 
                                defined in section 8101 of the 
                                Elementary and Secondary Education Act 
                                of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7801)).
                                    (II) A local educational agency (as 
                                defined in section 8101 of the 
                                Elementary and Secondary Education Act 
                                of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7801)).
                                    (III) An education nonprofit 
                                Association.
                                    (IV) A cross sector STEM 
                                organization.
                                    (V) A private entity, including a 
                                STEM-related business.
                    (C) High-need school.--The term ``high-need 
                school'' has the meaning given the term in section 
                2211(b) of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act 
                of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 6631(b)).
                    (D) Professional development.--The term 
                ``professional Development'' has the meaning given the 
                term in section 8101 of the Elementary and Secondary 
                Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7801).
                    (E) Corps alliance.--The term ``Corps Alliance'' 
                means a regionally or topically based award under this 
                subsection.
                    (F) National stem teacher corps advisory board.--
                The term ``National STEM Teacher Corps Advisory Board'' 
                means the Advisory Board for the National STEM Teacher 
                Corps established under paragraph (5).
            (3) Establishment of national stem teacher corps.--The 
        Director may, subject to the availability of appropriations, 
        establish within the Foundation, a National STEM Teacher Corps 
        10-year pilot program to be administered by the Administrator, 
        who shall be appointed by the Director. As appropriate, the 
        Director may use existing NSF programs to establish and execute 
        this program.
            (4) Duties of the administrator.--The Administrator shall--
                    (A) create a process and standards for selection of 
                eligible applicants to become members of the National 
                STEM Teacher Corps, including--
                            (i) uniform selection criteria that 
                        includes--
                                    (I) deep knowledge of STEM content 
                                and pedagogy;
                                    (II) a passion for STEM subjects 
                                and dedication to teaching, evidence of 
                                leadership skills, and potential for 
                                continued career growth as an educator; 
                                and
                                    (III) demonstrated experience 
                                increasing STEM student achievement and 
                                STEM participation rates for all 
                                students, particularly those from rural 
                                and high-need schools; and
                            (ii) a uniform selection process, including 
                        a comprehensive application that includes 
                        recommendations and other relevant professional 
                        information;
                    (B) promote the National STEM Teacher Corps and 
                elevate best practices that emerge from the National 
                STEM Teacher Corps to a national audience;
                    (C) evaluate the operation and effectiveness of the 
                Corps alliances; and
                    (D) evaluate the overall and long-term impact of 
                the National STEM Teacher Corps by--
                            (i) documenting, monitoring, and assessing 
                        the program outcomes or impact on the STEM 
                        careers of participants; and
                            (ii) documenting, monitoring, and assessing 
                        the program outcomes for the STEM education 
                        profession nationwide, particularly for rural 
                        and high-need schools.
            (5) National stem teacher corps advisory board.--
                    (A) Establishment.--There is established a National 
                STEM Teacher Corps Advisory Board to advise the 
                Director on matters pertaining to the National STEM 
                Teacher Corps for the length of the pilot program.
                    (B) Composition.--
                            (i) In general.--The membership of the 
                        National STEM Teacher Corps Advisory Board 
                        shall--
                                    (I) be appointed by the Director;
                                    (II) include a representative from 
                                each of the following: School leaders, 
                                STEM researchers, STEM education 
                                researchers, Business leaders, PreK-12 
                                STEM educators, and Students pursuing a 
                                postsecondary STEM degree; and
                                    (III) be geographically diverse.
                            (ii) Existing committee.--The Director may 
                        assign the duties of the National STEM Teacher 
                        Corps Advisory Board to another advisory 
                        committee of the Foundation.
            (6) Duties of the corps alliances.--Subject to the 
        availability of appropriated funds, the Administrator may make 
        awards on a competitive, merit-review basis, to establish Corps 
        alliances at eligible entities. Activities carried out by such 
        alliances shall include--
                    (A) engaging local partners, which may include 
                local educational agencies, institutions of higher 
                education, STEM organizations, or education nonprofit 
                organizations, to--
                            (i) develop and serve the community of 
                        National STEM Teacher Corps members within the 
                        region or topic area, in coordination with 
                        local partners to carry out day-to-day 
                        activities;
                            (ii) coordinate professional development 
                        activities, including activities led by 
                        National STEM Teacher Corps members;
                            (iii) connect National STEM Teacher Corps 
                        members with existing educator professional 
                        development programs and coordinate members' 
                        involvement as cooperating teachers or mentors;
                            (iv) seek opportunities to involve teachers 
                        who are not members of the National STEM 
                        Teacher Corps to participate in National STEM 
                        Teacher Corps activities; and
                            (v) build partnerships with existing 
                        education organizations and other efforts by 
                        State educational agencies and local 
                        educational agencies that operate programs 
                        relevant to the National STEM Teacher Corps and 
                        its activities;
                    (B) recruiting eligible applicants, with a focus on 
                recruiting diverse STEM educators to advance equity 
                based on race, ethnicity, sex, socioeconomic status, 
                age, disability status, geography, and language 
                ability;
                    (C) screening, interviewing, and selecting members 
                of the National STEM Teacher Corps using procedures and 
                standards provided by the Administrator;
                    (D) coordinating the online network that supports 
                all National STEM Teacher Corps members in the region 
                or topic area;
                    (E) convening occasional meetings of National STEM 
                Teacher Corps members in a region or topic area;
                    (F) creating opportunities for the professional 
                growth of National STEM Teacher Corps members, with a 
                focus on increasing STEM student achievement and STEM 
                participation rates for all students, particularly 
                those from rural and high-need schools; and
                    (G) supporting the retention and success of 
                National STEM Teacher Corps members in the region or 
                topic area.
            (7) Duties of members of the national stem teacher corps.--
        An applicant that is selected by a Corps alliance to be a 
        member of the National STEM Teacher Corps shall--
                    (A) serve a 4-year term with a possibility of 
                reappointment;
                    (B) receive an annual stipend in an amount not less 
                than $10,000; and
                    (C) have substantial responsibilities, including--
                            (i) working with other members of the 
                        National STEM Teacher Corps to develop and 
                        improve innovative teaching practices, 
                        including practices such as inquiry-based 
                        learning;
                            (ii) participating in professional 
                        development in innovative teaching methodology 
                        and mentorship; and
                            (iii) continuing to excel in teaching the 
                        member's own students, with a focus on 
                        advancing equity by spending additional time 
                        teaching and coaching underserved students to 
                        increase STEM student achievement and STEM 
                        participation rates for students from rural and 
                        high-need schools.
            (8) Evaluation.--The Director, acting through the 
        Administrator, shall submit a report to Congress after the 
        third year of the pilot program that includes--
                    (A) an assessment, drawing on the evaluations the 
                Administrator shall conduct under subparagraphs (C) and 
                (D) of paragraph (4), and other sources of information, 
                of the effectiveness of the pilot program in recruiting 
                and retaining high-quality STEM teachers in the 
                selected regions or topic areas, particularly in high-
                need and rural schools; and
                    (B) if deemed effective, a proposal to Congress for 
                permanent implementation of the pilot program.
            (9) Sunset.--The authority to carry out this subsection 
        shall terminate on the date that is 15 years after the date of 
        enactment of this Act.
            (10) Authorization of appropriations.--There are authorized 
        to be appropriated $60,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 
        through 2032 to carry out this subsection.

SEC. 10312. UNDERGRADUATE STEM EDUCATION.

    (a) Research on Stem Education and Workforce Needs.--The Director 
shall make awards, on a competitive basis, to four-year institutions of 
higher education or nonprofit organizations (or consortia of such 
institutions or organizations) to support research and development 
activities to--
            (1) encourage greater collaboration and coordination 
        between institutions of higher education and industry to 
        enhance education, foster hands-on learn experiences, and 
        improve alignment with workforce needs;
            (2) understand the current composition of the STEM 
        workforce and the factors that influence growth, retention, and 
        development of that workforce;
            (3) increase the size, diversity, capability, and 
        flexibility of the STEM workforce; and
            (4) increase dissemination and widespread adoption of 
        effective practices in undergraduate education and workforce 
        development.
    (b) Advanced Technological Education Program Update.--Section 3(b) 
of the Scientific and Advanced-Technology Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 
1862i(b)) is amended to read as follows:
    ``(b) Centers of Scientific and Technical Education.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Director shall make awards for the 
        establishment of centers of excellence, in advanced-technology 
        fields, among associate-degree-granting colleges. Centers shall 
        meet one or both of the following criteria:
                    ``(A) Exceptional instructional programs in 
                advanced-technology fields.
                    ``(B) Excellence in undergraduate STEM education.
            ``(2) Purposes.--The centers shall serve as national and 
        regional clearinghouses and models for the benefit of both 
        colleges and secondary schools, and shall provide seminars and 
        programs to disseminate model curricula and model teaching 
        methods and instructional materials to other associate-degree-
        granting colleges.
            ``(3) Networks.--The centers may enter into partnerships 
        with other institutions of higher education, nonprofit 
        organizations, and stakeholder groups, or a consortium thereof, 
        to develop networks to--
                    ``(A) coordinate research, training, and education 
                activities funded by awards under subsection (a);
                    ``(B) share information and best practices; or
                    ``(C) promote collaboration between academic 
                institutions, workforce development programs, labor 
                organizations, and industry to communicate and meet 
                workforce education and training needs.''.
    (c) Innovations in STEM Education at Community Colleges.--
            (1) In general.--The Director shall make awards on a merit-
        reviewed, competitive basis to institutions of higher education 
        or nonprofit organizations (or consortia of such institutions 
        or organizations) to advance research on the nature of learning 
        and teaching at community colleges and to improve outcomes for 
        students who enter the workforce upon completion of their STEM 
        degree or credential or transfer to 4-year institutions, 
        including by--
                    (A) examining how to scale up successful programs 
                at community colleges that are improving student 
                outcomes in foundational STEM courses;
                    (B) supporting research on effective STEM teaching 
                practices in community college settings;
                    (C) designing and developing new STEM curricula;
                    (D) providing STEM students with hands-on training 
                and research experiences, internships, and other 
                experiential learning opportunities;
                    (E) increasing access to high quality STEM 
                education through new technologies;
                    (F) re-skilling or up-skilling incumbent workers 
                for new STEM jobs;
                    (G) building STEM career and seamless transfer 
                pathways; and
                    (H) developing novel mechanisms to identify and 
                recruit talent into STEM programs, in particular talent 
                from groups historically underrepresented in STEM.
            (2) Partnerships.--In carrying out activities under this 
        subsection, the Director shall encourage applications to 
        develop, enhance, or expand cooperative STEM education and 
        training partnerships between institutions of higher education, 
        industry, and labor organizations.
    (d) Improving Access to STEM Education at Career and Technical 
Education Institutions.--
            (1) In general.--The Director shall make awards, on a 
        competitive basis, to institutions of higher education 
        (including postsecondary vocational institutions) to support 
        career and technical education in STEM and computer science 
        related fields.
            (2) Priority.--In making awards under this subsection, the 
        Director shall give priority to institutions that demonstrate 
        effective strategies to recruit and provide career and 
        technical education to veterans and members of the Armed Forces 
        transitioning to the private sector workforce.
            (3) Career and technical education defined.--In this 
        subsection, the term ``career and technical education'' has the 
        meaning given that term in section 3 of the Carl D. Perkins 
        Career and Technical Education Act of 2006 (20 U.S.C. 2302).
    (e) Course-based Undergraduate Research Experiences.--
            (1) In general.--The Director shall carry out a 4-year 
        pilot program under which the Director shall make awards, on a 
        competitive basis, to institutions of higher education and 
        nonprofit organizations (or consortia of such institutions or 
        organizations) to establish a total of not fewer than five 
        Centers to develop and scale up successful models for providing 
        undergraduate students with hands-on, course-based research 
        experiences.
            (2) Use of funds.--Awards made under this paragraph shall 
        be used to--
                    (A) develop, assess, and disseminate models for 
                providing undergraduate students with course-based 
                research experiences across STEM disciplines and 
                education levels;
                    (B) identify and address opportunities and 
                challenges in facilitating implementation across a 
                broad range of institution types, including 
                historically Black colleges and universities, Tribal 
                Colleges or Universities, minority serving institutions 
                and community colleges;
                    (C) identify and develop best practices to address 
                barriers for faculty, including institutional culture, 
                resources, and incentive structures;
                    (D) identify and address factors that may 
                facilitate or discourage participation by students from 
                all backgrounds;
                    (E) provide faculty with curriculum, professional 
                development, training, networking opportunities, and 
                other support to enable the development, adaptation, or 
                expansion of a course-based research experience; and
                    (F) collect data and carry out research to evaluate 
                the impacts of course- based undergraduate research 
                experiences on the STEM workforce.
            (3) Partnerships.--In making awards under this paragraph, 
        the Director shall consider the extent to which the proposed 
        Center will establish partnerships among multiple types of 
        academic institutions, including community colleges, emerging 
        research institutions, EPSCoR institutions, historically Black 
        colleges and universities, Tribal Colleges or Universities, and 
        minority-serving institutions, the private sector, and other 
        relevant stakeholders in supporting programs and activities to 
        facilitate faculty training and the widespread and sustained 
        implementation of promising, evidence-based practices, models, 
        programs, and curriculum.
            (4) Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date on 
        which the pilot program is completed, the Director shall submit 
        to Congress a report that includes--
                    (A) an assessment, that includes feedback from the 
                research community, of the effectiveness of the pilot 
                program in increasing the number, diversity, and 
                workforce readiness of STEM graduates; and
                    (B) if determined to be effective, a plan for 
                permanent implementation of the pilot program.
    (f) Advanced Technological Manufacturing Act.--
            (1) Findings and purpose.--Section 2 of the Scientific and 
        Advanced-Technology Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 1862h) is amended--
                    (A) in subsection (a)--
                            (i) in paragraph (3), by striking 
                        ``science, mathematics, and technology'' and 
                        inserting ``science, technology, engineering, 
                        and mathematics or STEM'';
                            (ii) in paragraph (4), by inserting 
                        ``educated'' and before ``trained''; and
                            (iii) in paragraph (5), by striking 
                        ``scientific and technical education and 
                        training'' and inserting ``STEM education and 
                        training''; and
                    (B) in subsection (b)--
                            (i) in paragraph (2), by striking 
                        ``mathematics and science'' and inserting 
                        ``STEM fields''; and
                            (ii) in paragraph (4), by striking 
                        ``mathematics and science instruction'' and 
                        inserting ``STEM instruction''.
            (2) Modernizing references to stem.--Section 3 of the 
        Scientific and Advanced-Technology Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 
        1862i) is amended--
                    (A) in the section heading, by striking 
                ``scientific and technical education'' and inserting 
                ``stem education'';
                    (B) in subsection (a)--
                            (i) in the subsection heading, by striking 
                        ``Scientific and Technical Education'' and 
                        inserting ``STEM Education'';
                            (ii) in the matter preceding paragraph 
                        (1)--
                                    (I) by inserting ``and education to 
                                prepare the skilled technical workforce 
                                to meet workforce demands'' before ``, 
                                and to improve'';
                                    (II) by striking ``core education 
                                courses in science and mathematics'' 
                                and inserting ``core education courses 
                                in STEM fields'';
                                    (III) by inserting ``veterans and 
                                individuals engaged in'' before ``work 
                                in the home''; and
                                    (IV) by inserting ``and on building 
                                a pathway from secondary schools to 
                                associate-degree-granting institutions, 
                                to careers that require technical 
                                training'' before ``, and shall be 
                                designed'';
                            (iii) in paragraph (1)--
                                    (I) by inserting ``and study'' 
                                after ``development''; and
                                    (II) by striking ``core science and 
                                mathematics courses'' and inserting 
                                ``core STEM courses'';
                            (iv) in paragraph (2), by striking 
                        ``science, mathematics, and advanced-technology 
                        fields'' and inserting ``STEM and advanced- 
                        technology fields'';
                            (v) in paragraph (3)(A), by inserting ``to 
                        support the advanced- technology industries 
                        that drive the competitiveness of the United 
                        States in the global economy'' before the 
                        semicolon at the end;
                            (vi) in paragraph (4), by striking 
                        ``scientific and advanced- technology fields'' 
                        and inserting ``STEM and advanced-technology 
                        fields''; and
                            (vii) in paragraph (5), by striking 
                        ``advanced scientific and technical education'' 
                        and inserting ``advanced STEM and advanced- 
                        technology'';
                    (C) in subsection (c)--
                            (i) in paragraph (1)--
                                    (I) in subparagraph (A)--
                                            (aa) in the matter 
                                        preceding clause (i), by 
                                        striking ``to encourage'' and 
                                        all that follows through ``such 
                                        means as--'' and inserting ``to 
                                        encourage the development of 
                                        career and educational pathways 
                                        with multiple entry and exit 
                                        points leading to credentials 
                                        and degrees, and to assist 
                                        students pursuing pathways in 
                                        STEM fields to transition from 
                                        associate-degree-granting 
                                        colleges to bachelor- degree-
                                        granting institutions, through 
                                        such means as--'';
                                            (bb) in clause (i), by 
                                        striking ``to ensure'' and 
                                        inserting ``to develop 
                                        articulation agreements that 
                                        ensure''; and
                                            (cc) in clause (ii), by 
                                        striking ``courses at the 
                                        bachelor-degree-granting 
                                        institution'' and inserting 
                                        ``the career and educational 
                                        pathways supported by the 
                                        articulation agreements'';
                                    (II) in subparagraph (B)--
                                            (aa) in clause (i), by 
                                        inserting ``veterans and 
                                        individuals engaged in'' before 
                                        ``work in the home'';
                                            (bb) in clause (iii)--

                                                    (AA) by striking 
                                                ``bachelor's-degree- 
                                                granting institutions'' 
                                                and inserting 
                                                ``institutions or work 
                                                sites''; and

                                                    (BB) by inserting 
                                                ``or industry 
                                                internships'' after 
                                                ``summer programs''; 
                                                and

                                            (cc) by striking the flush 
                                        text following clause (iv); and
                                    (III) by striking subparagraph (C);
                            (ii) in paragraph (2)--
                                    (I) by striking ``mathematics and 
                                science programs'' and inserting ``STEM 
                                programs'';
                                    (II) by inserting ``and, as 
                                appropriate, elementary schools,'' 
                                after ``with secondary schools'';
                                    (III) by striking ``mathematics and 
                                science education'' and inserting 
                                ``STEM education'';
                                    (IV) by striking ``secondary school 
                                students'' and inserting ``students at 
                                these schools'';
                                    (V) by striking ``science and 
                                advanced-technology fields'' and 
                                inserting ``STEM and advanced-
                                technology fields''; and
                                    (VI) by striking ``agreements with 
                                local educational agencies'' and 
                                inserting ``articulation agreements or 
                                dual credit courses with local 
                                secondary schools, or other means as 
                                the Director determines appropriate,''; 
                                and
                            (iii) in paragraph (3)--
                                    (I) by striking subparagraph (B);
                                    (II) by striking ``shall--''and all 
                                that follows through ``establish a'' 
                                and inserting ``shall establish a'';
                                    (III) by striking ``the fields of 
                                science, technology, engineering, and 
                                mathematics'' and inserting ``STEM 
                                fields''; and
                                    (IV) by striking ``; and'' and 
                                inserting ``, including jobs at Federal 
                                and academic laboratories.'';
                    (D) in subsection (d)(2)--
                            (i) in subparagraph (D), by striking 
                        ``and'' after the semicolon;
                            (ii) in subparagraph (E), by striking the 
                        period at the end and inserting a ``; and''; 
                        and
                            (iii) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(F) as appropriate, applications that apply the 
                best practices for STEM education and technical skills 
                education through distance learning or in a simulated 
                work environment, as determined by research described 
                in subsection (f); and'';
                    (E) in subsection (g), by striking the second 
                sentence;
                    (F) in subsection (h)(1)--
                            (i) in subparagraph (A), by striking 
                        ``2022'' and inserting ``2026'';
                            (ii) in subparagraph (B), by striking 
                        ``2022'' and inserting ``2026''; and
                            (iii) in subparagraph (C)--
                                    (I) by striking ``up to 
                                $2,500,000'' and inserting ``not less 
                                than $3,000,000''; and
                                    (II) by striking ``2022'' and 
                                inserting ``2026'';
                    (G) in subsection (i)--
                            (i) by striking paragraph (3); and
                            (ii) by redesignating paragraphs (4) and 
                        (5) as paragraphs (3) and (4), respectively; 
                        and
                    (H) in subsection (j)--
                            (i) by striking paragraph (1) and inserting 
                        the following:
            ``(1) the term advanced-technology includes technological 
        fields such as advanced manufacturing, agricultural-, 
        biological- and chemical-technologies, energy and environmental 
        technologies, engineering technologies, information 
        technologies, micro and nano-technologies, cybersecurity 
        technologies, geospatial technologies, and new, emerging 
        technology areas;'';
                            (ii) in paragraph (4), by striking 
                        ``separate bachelor-degree- granting 
                        institutions'' and inserting ``other 
                        entities'';
                            (iii) by striking paragraph (7);
                            (iv) by redesignating paragraphs (8) and 
                        (9) as paragraphs (7) and (8), respectively;
                            (v) in paragraph (7), as redesignated by 
                        clause (iv), by striking ``and'' after the 
                        semicolon;
                            (vi) in paragraph (8), as redesignated by 
                        clause (iv)--
                                    (I) by striking ``mathematics, 
                                science, engineering, or technology'' 
                                and inserting ``science, technology, 
                                engineering, or mathematics''; and
                                    (II) by striking the period at the 
                                end and inserting ``; and''; and
                            (vii) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(9) the term skilled technical workforce has the meaning 
        given such term in section 4(b) of the Innovations in 
        Mentoring, Training, and Apprenticeships Act (42 U.S.C. 
        1862p).''.
            (3) Authorization of appropriations.--Section 5 of the 
        Scientific and Advanced-Technology Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 
        1862j) is amended to read as follows:

``SEC. 5. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    ``There are authorized to be appropriated to the Director for 
carrying out sections 2 through 4 $150,000,000 for each of fiscal years 
2023 through 2027.''.

SEC. 10313. GRADUATE STEM EDUCATION.

    (a) Mentoring and Professional Development.--
            (1) Mentoring plans.--
                    (A) Update.--Section 7008(a) of the America 
                Creating Opportunities to Meaningfully Promote 
                Excellence in Technology, Education, and Science Act 
                (42 U.S.C. 1862o(a)) is amended by--
                            (i) inserting ``and graduate student'' 
                        after ``postdoctoral''; and
                            (ii) inserting ``The requirement may be 
                        satisfied by providing such individuals with 
                        access to mentors, including individuals not 
                        listed on the award.'' after ``review 
                        criterion.''.
                    (B) Evaluation.--Not later than 120 days after the 
                date of enactment of this Act, the Director shall enter 
                into an agreement with a qualified independent 
                organization to evaluate the effectiveness of the 
                postdoctoral mentoring plan requirement for improving 
                mentoring for Foundation-supported postdoctoral 
                researchers.
            (2) Career exploration.--
                    (A) In general.--The Director shall make awards, on 
                a competitive basis, to institutions of higher 
                education and nonprofit organizations (or consortia of 
                such institutions or organizations) to develop 
                innovative approaches for facilitating career 
                exploration of academic and nonacademic career options 
                and for providing opportunity-broadening experiences, 
                including work-integrated opportunities, for graduate 
                students and postdoctoral scholars that can then be 
                considered, adopted, or adapted by other institutions 
                and to carry out research on the impact and outcomes of 
                such activities.
                    (B) Review of proposals.--In selecting award 
                recipients under this subparagraph, the Director shall 
                consider, at a minimum--
                            (i) the extent to which the administrators 
                        of the institution are committed to making the 
                        proposed activity a priority; and
                            (ii) the likelihood that the institution or 
                        organization will sustain or expand the 
                        proposed activity effort beyond the period of 
                        the award.
            (3) Development plans.--The Director shall require that 
        annual project reports for awards that support graduate 
        students and postdoctoral scholars include certification by the 
        principal investigator that each graduate student and 
        postdoctoral scholar receiving substantial support from such 
        award, as determined by has developed and annually updated an 
        individual development plan to map educational goals, career 
        exploration, and professional development.
            (4) Professional development supplement.--The Director 
        shall carry out a five-year pilot initiative to award up to 
        2,500 administrative supplements of up to $2,000 to existing 
        research awards annually, on a competitive basis, to support 
        professional development experiences for graduate students and 
        postdoctoral researchers who receive a substantial portion of 
        their support under such award, as determined by the Director. 
        Not more than 10 percent of supplements awarded under this 
        subparagraph may be used to support professional development 
        experiences for postdoctoral researchers.
            (5) Graduate education research.--The Director shall make 
        awards, on a competitive basis, to institutions of higher 
        education or nonprofit organizations (or consortia of such 
        institutions or organizations) to support research on the 
        graduate education system and outcomes of various interventions 
        and policies, including--
                    (A) the effects of traineeships, fellowships, 
                internships, and teaching and research assistantships 
                on outcomes for graduate students;
                    (B) the effects of graduate education and mentoring 
                policies and procedures on degree completion, including 
                differences by--
                            (i) sex, race and ethnicity, and 
                        citizenship; and
                            (ii) student debt load;
                    (C) the development and assessment of new or 
                adapted interventions, including approaches that 
                improve mentoring relationships, develop conflict 
                management skills, and promote healthy research teams; 
                and
                    (D) research, data collection, and assessment of 
                the state of graduate student mental health and 
                wellbeing, factors contributing to and consequences of 
                poor graduate student mental health, and the 
                development, adaptation, and assessment of evidence-
                based strategies and policies to support emotional 
                wellbeing and mental health.
    (b) Graduate Research Fellowship Program Update.--
            (1) Sense of congress.--It is the sense of Congress that 
        the Foundation should increase the number of new graduate 
        research fellows supported annually over the next 5 years to no 
        fewer than 3,000 fellows.
            (2) Program update.--Section 10 of the National Science 
        Foundation Act of 1950 (42 U.S.C. 1869) is amended--
                    (A) in subsection (a), by inserting ``and as will 
                address national workforce demand in critical STEM 
                fields'' after ``throughout the United States'';
                    (B) in subsection (b), by striking ``of $12,000'' 
                and inserting ``of at least $16,000''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(c) Outreach.--The Director shall ensure program outreach to 
recruit fellowship applicants from fields of study that are in areas of 
critical national need from all regions of the country, and from 
historically underrepresented populations in STEM.''.
            (3) Cybersecurity scholarships and graduate fellowships.--
        The Director shall ensure that students pursuing master's 
        degrees and doctoral degrees in fields relating to 
        cybersecurity are eligible to apply for scholarships and 
        graduate fellowships under the Graduate Research Fellowship 
        Program under section 10 of the National Science Foundation Act 
        of 1950 (42 U.S.C. 1869).
    (c) Study on Graduate Student Funding.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 120 days after the date of 
        enactment of this Act, the Director shall enter into an 
        agreement with a qualified independent organization to 
        evaluate--
                    (A) the role of the Foundation in supporting 
                graduate student education and training through 
                fellowships, traineeships, and other funding models; 
                and
                    (B) the impact of different funding mechanisms on 
                graduate student experiences and outcomes, including 
                whether such mechanisms have differential impacts on 
                subsets of the student population.
            (2) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
        enactment of this Act, the Director shall publish the results 
        of the evaluation carried out under paragraph (1), including a 
        recommendation for the appropriate balance between fellowships, 
        traineeships, and other funding models.
    (d) [LOG 165 H10304(g)/S2208] AI Scholarship-for-Service.--
            (1) Definition of executive agency.--In this subsection, 
        the term ``executive agency'' has the meaning given the term 
        ``Executive agency'' in section 105 of title 5, United States 
        Code.
            (2) AI scholarship-for-service initiative report.--Not 
        later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the 
        Director, in coordination with the Office of Personnel 
        Management, shall submit to the Committee on Commerce, Science, 
        and Transportation of the Senate, the Committee on Science, 
        Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives, the 
        Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs of the 
        Senate, and the Committee on Oversight and Reform of the House 
        of Representatives a report on the need and feasibility, and if 
        appropriate, plans to implement a program to recruit and train 
        the next generation of artificial intelligence professionals to 
        meet the needs of Federal, State, local, and Tribal 
        governments. The report shall include--
                    (A) recent statistical data on the size, 
                composition, and educational requirements of the 
                Federal AI workforce, including an assessment of 
                current and future demand for additional AI 
                professionals across the Federal Government;
                    (B) an assessment of the capacity of institutions 
                of higher education to produce graduates with degrees, 
                certifications, and relevant skills related to 
                artificial intelligence that meet the current and 
                future needs of the Federal workforce; and
                    (C) an evaluation of the need for and feasibility 
                of establishing a scholarship-for-service program to 
                recruit and train the next generation of artificial 
                intelligence professionals to meet the needs of 
                Federal, State, local, and Tribal governments, 
                including opportunities for leveraging existing 
                processes and resources for administering the Federal 
                Cyber Scholarship-for-Service Program established under 
                section 302 of the Cybersecurity Enhancement Act of 
                2014 (15 U.S.C. 7442) in standing up such a program.
            (3) Program establishment.--Upon submitting the report 
        required in paragraph (2), the Director, in coordination with 
        the Director of the Office of Personnel Management, the 
        Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology, 
        and the heads of other agencies with appropriate scientific 
        knowledge, is authorized to establish a Federal artificial 
        intelligence scholarship-for-service program (referred to in 
        this section as the Federal AI Scholarship-for-Service Program) 
        to recruit and train artificial intelligence professionals to 
        lead and support the application of artificial intelligence to 
        the missions of Federal, State, local, and Tribal governments.
            (4) Qualified institution of higher education.--The 
        Director, in coordination with the heads of other agencies with 
        appropriate scientific knowledge, shall establish criteria to 
        designate qualified institutions of higher education that shall 
        be eligible to participate in the Federal AI Scholarship-for-
        Service program. Such criteria shall include--
                    (A) measures of the institution's demonstrated 
                excellence in the education of students in the field of 
                artificial intelligence; and
                    (B) measures of the institution's ability to 
                attract and retain a diverse and nontraditional student 
                population in the fields of science, technology, 
                engineering, and mathematics, which may include the 
                ability to attract women, minorities, and individuals 
                with disabilities.
            (5) Program description and components.--The Federal AI 
        Scholarship-for-Service Program shall--
                    (A) provide scholarships through qualified 
                institutions of higher education to students who are 
                enrolled in programs of study at institutions of higher 
                education leading to degrees or concentrations in or 
                related to the artificial intelligence field;
                    (B) provide the scholarship recipients with summer 
                internship opportunities or other meaningful temporary 
                appointments in the Federal workforce focusing on AI 
                projects or research;
                    (C) prioritize the employment placement of 
                scholarship recipients in executive agencies;
                    (D) identify opportunities to promote multi-
                disciplinary programs of study that integrate basic or 
                advanced AI training with other fields of study, 
                including those that address the social, economic, 
                legal, and ethical implications of human interaction 
                with AI systems;
                    (E) support capacity-building education research 
                programs that will enable postsecondary educational 
                institutions to expand their ability to train the next-
                generation AI workforce, including AI researchers and 
                practitioners;
                    (F) create courses or training programs in 
                technology ethics for students receiving scholarships; 
                and
                    (G) award fellowships to masters and doctoral 
                students who are pursuing degrees or research in 
                artificial intelligence and related fields, including 
                in the field of technology ethics.
            (6) Scholarship amounts.--Each scholarship under paragraph 
        (5) shall be in an amount that covers the student's tuition and 
        fees at the institution for not more than 3 years and provides 
        the student with an additional stipend.
            (7) Post-award employment obligations.--Each scholarship 
        recipient, as a condition of receiving a scholarship under the 
        program, shall enter into an agreement under which the 
        recipient agrees to work for a period equal to the length of 
        the scholarship, following receipt of the student's degree, in 
        the AI mission of--
                    (A) an executive agency;
                    (B) Congress, including any agency, entity, office, 
                or commission established in the legislative branch;
                    (C) an interstate agency;
                    (D) a State, local, or Tribal government, which may 
                include instruction in AI-related skill sets in a 
                public school system; or
                    (E) a State, local, or Tribal government-affiliated 
                nonprofit entity that is considered to be critical 
                infrastructure (as defined in section 1016(e) of the 
                USA Patriot Act (42 U.S.C. 5195c(e))).
            (8) Hiring authority.--
                    (A) Appointment in excepted service.--
                Notwithstanding any provision of chapter 33 of title 5, 
                United States Code, governing appointments in the 
                competitive service, an executive agency may appoint an 
                individual who has completed the eligible degree 
                program for which a scholarship was awarded to a 
                position in the excepted service in the executive 
                agency.
                    (B) Noncompetitive conversion.--Except as provided 
                in subparagraph (D), upon fulfillment of the service 
                term, an employee appointed under subparagraph (A) may 
                be converted noncompetitively to term, career-
                conditional, or career appointment.
                    (C) Timing of conversion.--An executive agency may 
                noncompetitively convert a term employee appointed 
                under subparagraph (B) to a career-conditional or 
                career appointment before the term appointment expires.
                    (D) Authority to decline conversion.--An executive 
                agency may decline to make the noncompetitive 
                conversion or appointment under subparagraph (B) for 
                cause.
            (9) Eligibility.--To be eligible to receive a scholarship 
        under this section, an individual shall--
                    (A) be a citizen or lawful permanent resident of 
                the United States;
                    (B) demonstrate a commitment to a career in 
                advancing the field of AI;
                    (C) be--
                            (i) a full-time student in an eligible 
                        degree program at a qualified institution of 
                        higher education, as determined by the 
                        Director;
                            (ii) a student pursuing a degree on a less 
                        than full-time basis, but not less than half-
                        time basis; or
                            (iii) an AI faculty member on sabbatical to 
                        advance knowledge in the field; and
                    (D) accept the terms of a scholarship under this 
                section.
            (10) Conditions of support.--
                    (A) In general.--As a condition of receiving a 
                scholarship under this section, a recipient shall agree 
                to provide the qualified institution of higher 
                education with annual verifiable documentation of post-
                award employment and up-to-date contact information.
                    (B) Terms.--A scholarship recipient under this 
                section shall be liable to the United States as 
                provided in paragraph (12) if the individual--
                            (i) fails to maintain an acceptable level 
                        of academic standing at the applicable 
                        institution of higher education, as determined 
                        by the Director;
                            (ii) is dismissed from the applicable 
                        institution of higher education for 
                        disciplinary reasons;
                            (iii) withdraws from the eligible degree 
                        program before completing the program;
                            (iv) declares that the individual does not 
                        intend to fulfill the post- award employment 
                        obligation under this section; or
                            (v) fails to fulfill the post-award 
                        employment obligation of the individual under 
                        this section.
            (11) Monitoring compliance.--As a condition of 
        participating in the program, a qualified institution of higher 
        education shall--
                    (A) enter into an agreement with the Director to 
                monitor the compliance of scholarship recipients with 
                respect to their post-award employment obligations; and
                    (B) provide to the Director, on an annual basis, 
                the post-award employment documentation required under 
                paragraph (10) for scholarship recipients through the 
                completion of their post-award employment obligations.
            (12) Amount of repayment.--
                    (A) Less than 1 year of service.--If a circumstance 
                described in paragraph (10) occurs before the 
                completion of 1 year of a post-award employment 
                obligation under this section, the total amount of 
                scholarship awards received by the individual under 
                this section shall--
                            (i) be repaid; or
                            (ii) be treated as a loan to be repaid in 
                        accordance with paragraph (13).
                    (B) 1 or more years of service.--If a circumstance 
                described in clause (iv) or (v) of paragraph (10)(B) 
                occurs after the completion of 1 or more years of a 
                post-award employment obligation under this section, 
                the total amount of scholarship awards received by the 
                individual under this section, reduced by the ratio of 
                the number of years of service completed divided by the 
                number of years of service required, shall--
                            (i) be repaid; or
                            (ii) be treated as a loan to be repaid in 
                        accordance with paragraph (13).
            (13) Repayments.--A loan described in paragraph (12) 
        shall--
                    (A) be treated as a Federal Direct Unsubsidized 
                Stafford Loan under part D of title IV of the Higher 
                Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1087a et seq.); and
                    (B) be subject to repayment, together with interest 
                thereon accruing from the date of the scholarship 
                award, in accordance with terms and conditions 
                specified by the Director (in consultation with the 
                Secretary of Education).
            (14) Collection of repayment.--
                    (A) In general.--In the event that a scholarship 
                recipient is required to repay the scholarship award 
                under this section, the qualified institution of higher 
                education providing the scholarship shall--
                            (i) determine the repayment amounts and 
                        notify the recipient and the Director of the 
                        amounts owed; and
                            (ii) collect the repayment amounts within a 
                        period of time as determined by the Director, 
                        or the repayment amounts shall be treated as a 
                        loan in accordance with paragraph (13).
                    (B) Returned to treasury.--Except as provided in 
                subparagraph (C), any repayment under this subsection 
                shall be returned to the Treasury of the United States.
                    (C) Retain percentage.--A qualified institution of 
                higher education may retain a percentage of any 
                repayment the institution collects under this 
                subsection to defray administrative costs associated 
                with the collection. The Director shall establish a 
                fixed percentage that will apply to all eligible 
                entities, and may update this percentage as needed, in 
                the determination of the Director.
            (15) Exceptions.--The Director may provide for the partial 
        or total waiver or suspension of any service or payment 
        obligation by an individual under this section whenever 
        compliance by the individual with the obligation is impossible 
        or would involve extreme hardship to the individual, or if 
        enforcement of such obligation with respect to the individual 
        would be unconscionable.
            (16) Public information.--
                    (A) Evaluation.--The Director, in coordination with 
                the Director of the Office of Personnel Management, 
                shall annually evaluate and make public, in a manner 
                that protects the personally identifiable information 
                of scholarship recipients, information on the success 
                of recruiting individuals for scholarships under this 
                section and on hiring and retaining those individuals 
                in the public sector AI workforce, including 
                information on--
                            (i) placement rates;
                            (ii) where students are placed, including 
                        job titles and descriptions;
                            (iii) salary ranges for students not 
                        released from obligations under this section;
                            (iv) how long after graduation students are 
                        placed;
                            (v) how long students stay in the positions 
                        they enter upon graduation;
                            (vi) how many students are released from 
                        obligations; and
                            (vii) what, if any, remedial training is 
                        required.
                    (B) Reports.--The Director, in coordination with 
                the Office of Personnel Management, shall submit, not 
                less frequently than once every 3 years, to the 
                Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs 
                of the Senate, the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
                Transportation of the Senate, the Committee on Science, 
                Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives, 
                and the Committee on Oversight and Reform of the House 
                of Representatives a report, including the results of 
                the evaluation under subparagraph (A) and any recent 
                statistics regarding the size, composition, and 
                educational requirements of the Federal AI workforce.
                    (C) Resources.--The Director, in coordination with 
                the Director of the Office of Personnel Management, 
                shall provide consolidated and user-friendly online 
                resources for prospective scholarship recipients, 
                including, to the extent practicable--
                            (i) searchable, up-to-date, and accurate 
                        information about participating institutions of 
                        higher education and job opportunities related 
                        to the AI field; and
                            (ii) a modernized description of AI 
                        careers.
            (17) Refresh.--Not less than once every 2 years, the 
        Director, in coordination with the Director of the Office of 
        Personnel Management, shall review and update the Federal AI 
        Scholarship-for-Service Program to reflect advances in 
        technology.

SEC. 10314. STEM WORKFORCE DATA.

    (a) Skilled Technical Workforce Portfolio Review.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
        enactment of this Act, the Director shall conduct a full 
        portfolio analysis of the Foundation's skilled technical 
        workforce investments across all Directorates in the areas of 
        education, research, infrastructure, data collection, and 
        analysis.
            (2) Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
        review under paragraph (1) is complete, the Director shall 
        submit to Congress and make widely available to the public a 
        summary report of the portfolio review.
    (b) Survey Data.--
            (1) Rotating topic modules.--To meet evolving needs for 
        data on the state of the science and engineering workforce, the 
        Director shall assess, through coordination with other Federal 
        statistical agencies and drawing on input from relevant 
        stakeholders, the feasibility and benefits of incorporating 
        questions or topic modules to existing National Center for 
        Science and Engineering Statistics surveys that would vary from 
        cycle to cycle.
            (2) New data.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
        enactment of this Act, the Director shall submit to Congress 
        and the Board the results of an assessment, carried out in 
        coordination with other Federal agencies and with input from 
        relevant stakeholders, of the feasibility and benefits of 
        incorporating new questions or topic modules to existing 
        National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics surveys 
        on--
                    (A) the skilled technical workforce;
                    (B) working conditions and work-life balance;
                    (C) harassment and discrimination;
                    (D) immigration and emigration; and
                    (E) any other topics at the discretion of the 
                Director.
            (3) Longitudinal design.--The Director shall continue and 
        accelerate efforts to enhance the usefulness of National Center 
        for Science and Engineering Statistics survey data for 
        longitudinal research and analysis.
            (4) Government accountability office review.--Not later 
        than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the 
        Comptroller General of the United States shall submit a report 
        to Congress that--
                    (A) evaluates Foundation processes for ensuring the 
                data and analysis produced by the National Center for 
                Science and Engineering Statistics meets current and 
                future needs; and
                    (B) includes such recommendations as the 
                Comptroller General determines are appropriate to 
                improve such processes.

SEC. 10315. CYBER WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT.

    (a) In General.--The Director shall make awards on a merit-
reviewed, competitive basis to institutions of higher education or 
nonprofit organizations (or consortia of such institutions or 
organizations) to carry out research on the cyber workforce.
    (b) Research.--In carrying out research pursuant to subsection (a), 
the Director shall support research and development activities to--
            (1) understand the current state of the cyber workforce, 
        including factors that influence growth, retention, and 
        development of that workforce;
            (2) examine paths to entry and re-entry into the cyber 
        workforce;
            (3) understand trends of the cyber workforce, including 
        demographic representation, educational and professional 
        backgrounds present, competencies available, and factors that 
        shape employee recruitment, development, and retention and how 
        to increase the size, diversity, and capability of the cyber 
        workforce;
            (4) examine and evaluate training practices, models, 
        programs, and technologies; and
            (5) other closely related topics as the Director determines 
        appropriate.
    (c) Requirements.--In carrying out the activities described in 
subsection (b), the Director shall--
            (1) collaborate with the National Institute of Standards 
        and Technology, including the National Initiative for 
        Cybersecurity Education, the Department of Homeland Security, 
        the Department of Defense, the Office of Personnel Management, 
        and other Federal departments and agencies, as appropriate;
            (2) align with or build on the National Initiative on 
        Cybersecurity Education Cybersecurity Workforce Framework 
        wherever practicable and applicable;
            (3) leverage the collective body of knowledge from existing 
        cyber workforce development research and education activities; 
        and
            (4) engage with other Federal departments and agencies, 
        research communities, and potential users of information 
        produced under this subsection.

SEC. 10316. FEDERAL CYBER SCHOLARSHIP-FOR-SERVICE PROGRAM.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) since cybersecurity risks are constant in the growing 
        digital world, it is critical that the United States stay ahead 
        of malicious cyber activity with a workforce that can safeguard 
        our innovation, research, and work environments; and
            (2) Federal investments in the Federal Cyber Scholarship-
        for-Service Program at the National Science Foundation play a 
        critical role in preparing and sustaining a strong, talented, 
        and much-needed national cybersecurity workforce and should be 
        strengthened.
    (b) In General.--Section 302(b)(1) of the Cybersecurity Enhancement 
Act of 2014 (15 U.S.C. 7442(b)(1)) is amended by striking the semicolon 
at the end and inserting the following ``and cybersecurity-related 
aspects of other related fields as appropriate, including artificial 
intelligence, quantum computing and aerospace;''.

SEC. 10317. CYBERSECURITY WORKFORCE DATA INITIATIVE.

    The Director, acting through the National Center for Science and 
Engineering Statistics established in section 505 of the America 
COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 1862p) and in 
coordination with the Director of the National Institute of Standards 
and Technology and other appropriate Federal statistical agencies, 
shall establish a cybersecurity workforce data initiative that--
            (1) assesses the feasibility of providing nationally 
        representative estimates and statistical information on the 
        cybersecurity workforce;
            (2) utilizes the National Initiative for Cybersecurity 
        Education (NICE) Cybersecurity Workforce Framework (NIST 
        Special Publication 800-181), or other frameworks, as 
        appropriate, to enable a consistent measurement of the 
        cybersecurity workforce;
            (3) utilizes and complements existing data on employer 
        requirements and unfilled positions in the cybersecurity 
        workforce;
            (4) consults key stakeholders and the broader community of 
        practice in cybersecurity workforce development to determine 
        data requirements needed to strengthen the cybersecurity 
        workforce;
            (5) evaluates existing Federal survey data for information 
        pertinent to developing national estimates of the cybersecurity 
        workforce;
            (6) evaluates administrative data and other supplementary 
        data sources, as available, to describe and measure the 
        cybersecurity workforce; and
            (7) collects statistical data, to the greatest extent 
        practicable, on credential attainment and employment outcomes 
        information for the cybersecurity workforce.

SEC. 10318. MICROELECTRONICS WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES.

    (a) Creating Helpful Initiatives to Produce Personnel in Needed 
Growth Industries.--
            (1) In general.--The Director shall make awards to 
        institutions of higher education, non-profit organizations, or 
        consortia thereof, for research, development, and related 
        activities to advance innovative approaches to developing, 
        improving, and expanding evidence-based education and workforce 
        development activities and learning experiences at all levels 
        of education in fields and disciplines related to 
        microelectronics.
            (2) Purposes.--Activities carried out under this section 
        shall be for the purpose of supporting the growth, retention, 
        and development of a diverse and sustainable microelectronics 
        workforce to meet the requirements of the programs established 
        in section 9906(c)(2)(C) of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry 
        National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 in 
        support of the evolving needs of industry, academia, 
        government, and Federal laboratories.
            (3) Uses of funds.--Awards made under this section shall be 
        used to support activities, such as--
                    (A) development of industry-oriented curricula and 
                teaching modules for topics relevant to 
                microelectronics, including those that provide 
                meaningful hands-on learning experiences;
                    (B) dissemination of materials developed in 
                subparagraph (A), including through the creation and 
                maintenance of a publicly-accessible database and 
                online portal;
                    (C) development and implementation of training, 
                research, and professional development programs for 
                teachers, including innovative pre-service and in-
                service programs, in microelectronics and related 
                fields;
                    (D) support for learning activities and experiences 
                that provide physical, simulated, or remote access to 
                training facilities and industry-standard processes and 
                tools, including equipment and software for the design, 
                development, manufacturing, and testing of 
                microelectronics;
                    (E) increasing the integration of microelectronics 
                content into STEM curricula at all education levels;
                    (F) Growing academic research capacity in 
                microelectronics by incentivizing the hiring of faculty 
                in fields critical to microelectronics;
                    (G) support for innovative industry pathway 
                programs that connect high school, vocational, 
                military, college, and graduate programs; and
                    (H) providing informal hands-on microelectronics 
                learning opportunities for PreK-12 students in 
                different learning environments, including 
                competitions.
            (4) Advanced microelectronics traineeships.--
                    (A) In general.--The Director shall make awards to 
                institutions of higher education or nonprofit 
                organizations (or consortia of such institutions and 
                organizations) to establish traineeship programs for 
                graduate students who pursue microelectronics research 
                leading to a masters or doctorate degree by providing 
                funding and other assistance, and by providing graduate 
                students with opportunities for research experiences in 
                government or industry related to the students' 
                microelectronics studies.
                    (B) Use of funds.--Institutions of higher education 
                or non-profit organizations (or consortia of such 
                institutions and organizations) shall use award funds 
                provided under subparagraph (A) for the purposes of--
                            (i) paying tuition and fees, and providing 
                        stipends, for students receiving traineeships 
                        who are citizens, nationals, or aliens lawfully 
                        admitted for permanent residence;
                            (ii) facilitating opportunities for 
                        scientific internship programs for students 
                        receiving traineeships in microelectronics at 
                        private industry, nonprofit research 
                        institutions, or Federal laboratories; and
                            (iii) such other costs associated with the 
                        administration of the program.
            (5) Microelectronics skilled technical workforce 
        programs.--The Director shall make awards under the Scientific 
        and Advanced-Technology Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 1862h-j) to 
        support programs for skilled technical workers in STEM 
        disciplines that are aligned with skilled workforce needs of 
        the microelectronics industry and lead to an associate's 
        degree, or equivalent certification, by providing funding and 
        other assistance, including opportunities for internships and 
        other hands-on experiences in industry related to the students' 
        microelectronics studies.
            (6) Microelectronics research experiences through existing 
        programs.--The Director shall seek to increase opportunities 
        for microelectronics research for students and trainees at all 
        levels by encouraging proposals in microelectronics through 
        existing programs including--
                    (A) research experiences for undergraduates 
                pursuant to section 514 of the America COMPETES 
                Reauthorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 1862p-6);
                    (B) postdoctoral fellowship programs established 
                pursuant to section 522 of the America COMPETES Act of 
                2010 (42 U.S.C. 1862p-11);
                    (C) graduate fellowships established pursuant to 
                section 10 of the National Science Foundation Act of 
                1950 (42 U.S.C. 1869);
                    (D) informal STEM education programs established 
                pursuant to section 3 of the STEM Education Act of 2015 
                (42 U.S.C. 1862q);
                    (E) the Robert Noyce Teacher Scholarship Program 
                established pursuant to section 10 of the National 
                Science Foundation Authorization Act of 2002 (42 U.S.C. 
                1862n-1);
                    (F) major research instrumentation programs 
                established pursuant to section 7036 of the America 
                COMPETES Act (42 U.S.C. 1862o-14); and
                    (G) low-income scholarship program established 
                pursuant to section 414(d) of the American 
                Competitiveness and Workforce Improvement Act of 1998 
                (42 U.S.C. 1869c).
            (7) Industry partnerships.--In carrying out the activities 
        under this section, the Director shall encourage awardees to 
        partner with industry and other private sector organizations to 
        facilitate the expansion of workforce pipelines and enable 
        access to industry-standard equipment and software for use in 
        undergraduate and graduate microelectronics education programs.
            (8) Interagency coordination.--In carrying out activities 
        under this section, the Director shall collaborate with the 
        Subcommittee on Microelectronics Leadership of the National 
        Science and Technology Council, established in subsection (a) 
        of section 9906 of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National 
        Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 and the National 
        Semiconductor Technology Center established in subsection (c) 
        of section 9906 of such Act, and other relevant Federal 
        agencies to maintain the effectiveness of microelectronics 
        workforce development activities across the agencies.
    (b) National Network for Microelectronics Education.--
            (1) In general.--The Director, in coordination with the 
        Secretary of Commerce, shall on a competitive, merit-reviewed 
        basis, make awards to institutions of higher education and non-
        profit organizations (or consortia of such institutions and 
        organizations) to establish partnerships to enhance and broaden 
        participation in microelectronics education.
            (2) Activities.--Awards made under this subsection shall be 
        used for the following:
                    (A) To conduct training and education activities 
                funded by awards under paragraph (1) and in 
                coordination with the Network Coordination Hub 
                established in paragraph (3), including curricula 
                design, development, dissemination, and assessment, and 
                the sharing of information and best practices across 
                the network of awardees.
                    (B) To develop regional partnerships among 
                associate-degree-granting colleges, bachelor-degree-
                granting institutions, workforce development programs, 
                labor organizations, and industry to create a diverse 
                national technical workforce trained in 
                microelectronics and ensure education and training is 
                meeting the evolving needs of industry.
                    (C) To develop local workforce pipelines that align 
                with capacity investments made by industry and the 
                Federal government, including vocational and high 
                school training programs, community college degrees and 
                certificates, veteran post service opportunities, and 
                mentoring.
                    (D) To facilitate partnerships with employers, 
                employer consortia or other private sector 
                organizations that offer apprenticeships, internships, 
                or applied learning experiences in the field of 
                microelectronics.
                    (E) To develop shared infrastructure available to 
                institutions of higher education, two-year colleges, 
                and private organizations to enable experiential 
                learning activities and provide physical or digital 
                access to training facilities and industry-standard 
                tools and processes.
                    (F) To create and disseminate public outreach to 
                support awareness of microelectronics education and 
                career opportunities, including through outreach to 
                PreK-12 schools and STEM-related organizations.
                    (G) To collaborate and coordinate with industry and 
                existing public and private organizations conducting 
                microelectronics education and workforce development 
                activities, as practicable.
            (3) Network coordination hub.--The Director shall make an 
        award on a competitive, merit-reviewed basis to an institution 
        of higher education or nonprofit organization (or a consortium 
        thereof) to establish a national network of partnerships 
        (referred to in this section as the ``National Network for 
        Microelectronics Education'') to coordinate activities, best 
        practice sharing, and access to facilities across the 
        partnerships established in accordance with paragraph (1).
            (4) Incentivizing participation.--To the extent 
        practicable, the Director shall encourage participation in the 
        National Network for Microelectronics Education through the 
        coordination of activities and distribution of awards described 
        in subsection (a).
            (5) Partnerships.--The Director shall encourage the 
        submission of proposals that are led by historically Black 
        colleges and universities, Tribal Colleges or Universities, and 
        minority-serving institutions or that include partnerships with 
        or among such institutions to increase the recruitment of 
        students from groups historically underrepresented in STEM to 
        pursue graduate studies in microelectronics.
            (6) Outreach.--In addition to any other requirements as 
        determined appropriate by the Director, the Director shall 
        require that proposals for awards under this section shall 
        include a description of how the applicant will develop and 
        implement outreach activities to increase the participation of 
        women and other students from groups historically 
        underrepresented in STEM.
            (7) Coordination across foundation programs.--In carrying 
        out the activities under this section, the Director shall 
        ensure awardees coordinate with, and avoid unnecessary 
        duplication of, the activities carried out under this Section 
        with the activities of the 21st Century Nanotechnology Research 
        and Development Act (Public Law 108-153), the National Quantum 
        Initiative Act (Public Law 115-368), and Division E of the 
        William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act 
        for Fiscal Year 2021, and other related programs, as 
        appropriate.
            (8) Interagency coordination.--In carrying out activities 
        under this section, the Director shall collaborate with the 
        Subcommittee on Microelectronics Leadership of the National 
        Science and Technology Council, established in subsection (a) 
        of section 9906 of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National 
        Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 and the National 
        Semiconductor Technology Center established in subsection (c) 
        of section 9906 of such Act.

SEC. 10319. INCORPORATION OF ART AND DESIGN INTO CERTAIN STEM 
              EDUCATION.

    (a) National Science Foundation Authorization Act.--Section 9(a) of 
the National Science Foundation Authorization Act of 2002 (42 U.S.C. 
1862n(a)) is amended in paragraph (3)--
            (1) in subparagraph (M), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (2) by redesignating subparagraph (N) as subparagraph (O); 
        and
            (3) after subparagraph (M), by inserting the following new 
        subparagraph:
                    ``(N) developing science, technology, engineering, 
                and mathematics educational curriculum that 
                incorporates art and design to promote creativity and 
                innovation; and''.
    (b) STEM Education Act [Log 169 H10304(k)].--Section 3 of the STEM 
Education Act of 2015 (42 U.S.C. 1862q) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) in paragraph (2), by striking ``and'' at the 
                end;
                    (B) in paragraph (3), by striking the period and 
                inserting ``; and''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(4) the integration of art and design in STEM educational 
        programs.''; and
            (2) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) in paragraph (3), by striking ``and'' at the 
                end;
                    (B) in paragraph (4), by striking the period and 
                inserting ``; and''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(5) design and testing of programming that integrates art 
        and design in STEM education to promote creativity and 
        innovation.''.

SEC. 10320. MANDATORY COST-SHARING.

    (a) Waiver.--The cost-sharing requirements under section 7036(c) of 
the America Creating Opportunities to Meaningfully Promote Excellence 
in Technology, Education, and Science Act (42 U.S.C. 1862o-14(c)) for 
the Major Research Instrumentation Program and under section 10A(i) of 
the National Science Foundation Authorization Act of 2002 (42 U.S.C. 
1862n-1a(i)) for teaching fellowships administered within the Robert 
Noyce Teacher Scholarship Program are waived for a period of 5 years 
following the date of enactment of this Act.
    (b) Assessment.--Not later than 5 years following the date of 
enactment of this Act, the Director shall submit to Congress an 
assessment, that includes feedback from the research community, of the 
impacts of the waivers provided under subsection (a), including--
            (1) programmatic and scientific goals;
            (2) institutional commitment and stewardship of Federal 
        resources;
            (3) institutional strategic planning and administrative 
        burden;
            (4) equity among recipient institutions; and
            (5) recommendations for or against extending or making 
        permanent such waivers.

SEC. 10321. PROGRAMS TO ADDRESS THE STEM WORKFORCE.

    (a) In General.--The Director shall issue undergraduate 
scholarships, including at community colleges, graduate fellowships and 
traineeships, postdoctoral awards, and, as appropriate, other awards, 
to address STEM workforce gaps, including for programs that recruit, 
retain, and advance students to a bachelor's degree in a STEM 
discipline concurrent with a secondary school diploma, such as through 
existing and new partnerships with State educational agencies.
    (b) Postdoctoral Professional Development.--In carrying out this 
section, the Director shall encourage innovation in postdoctoral 
professional development, support the development and diversity of the 
STEM workforce, and study the impacts of such innovation and support. 
To do so, the Director may use postdoctoral awards established under 
subsection (a) or leveraged under subsection (d)(1) for fellowships or 
other temporary rotational postings of not more than 2 years. Such 
fellowships or temporary rotational postings shall be awarded--
            (1) to qualified individuals who have a doctoral degree and 
        received such degree not earlier than 5 years before the date 
        that the fellowship or temporary rotational posting begins; and
            (2) to carry out research at Federal, State, local, and 
        Tribal government research facilities.
    (c) Direct Hire Authority.--
            (1) In general.--The head of any Federal agency may 
        appoint, without regard to the provisions of subchapter I of 
        chapter 33 of title 5, United States Code, other than sections 
        3303 and 3328 of that title, a qualified candidate described in 
        paragraph (2) directly to a position in the competitive service 
        with the Federal agency for which the candidate meets Office of 
        Personnel Management qualification standards.
            (2) Fellowship or temporary rotational posting.--Paragraph 
        (1) applies with respect to a former recipient of an award 
        under this subsection who--
                    (A) earned a doctoral degree in a STEM field from 
                an institution of higher education; and
                    (B) successfully fulfilled the requirements of the 
                fellowship or temporary rotational posting within a 
                Federal agency.
            (3) Limitation.--The direct hire authority under this 
        subsection shall be exercised with respect to a specific 
        qualified candidate not later than 2 years after the date that 
        the candidate completed the requirements related to the 
        fellowship or temporary rotational posting described under this 
        subsection.
    (d) Existing Programs.--In carrying out this section, the Director 
may leverage existing programs, including programs that issue--
            (1) postdoctoral awards;
            (2) graduate fellowships and traineeships, inclusive of the 
        NSF Research Traineeships and fellowships awarded under the 
        Graduate Research Fellowship Program;
            (3) scholarships, research experiences, and internships, 
        including--
                    (A) scholarships to attend community colleges; and
                    (B) research experiences and internships under 
                sections 513, 514, and 515 of the America COMPETES 
                Reauthorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 1862p-5; 1862p-
                6; 42 U.S.C. 1862p-7); and
            (4) awards to institutions of higher education to enable 
        the institutions to fund innovation in undergraduate and 
        graduate education, increased educational capacity, and the 
        development and establishment of new or specialized programs of 
        study for graduate, undergraduate, or technical college 
        students, and the evaluation of the effectiveness of the 
        programs of study.

                  Subtitle C--Broadening Participation

SEC. 10321. PRESIDENTIAL AWARDS FOR EXCELLENCE IN MATHEMATICS AND 
              SCIENCE.

    (a) In General.--Section 117(a) of the National Science Foundation 
Authorization Act of 1988 (42 U.S.C. 1881b(a)) is amended--
            (1) in subparagraph (B)--
                    (A) by striking ``108'' and inserting ``110'';
                    (B) by striking clause (iv);
                    (C) in clause (v), by striking the period at the 
                end and inserting ``; and'';
                    (D) by redesignating clauses (i), (ii), (iii), and 
                (v) as subclauses (I), (II), (III), and (IV), 
                respectively, and moving the margins of such subclauses 
                (as so redesignated) two ems to the right; and
                    (E) by striking ``In selecting teachers'' and all 
                that follows through ``two teachers--'' and inserting 
                the following:
                    ``(C) In selecting teachers for an award authorized 
                by this subsection, the President shall select--
                            ``(i) at least two teachers--''; and
            (2) in subparagraph (C), as so designated by paragraph 
        (1)(E) of this subsection, by adding at the end the following:
                            ``(ii) at least one teacher--
                                    ``(I) from the Commonwealth of the 
                                Northern Mariana Islands;
                                    ``(II) from American Samoa;
                                    ``(III) from the Virgin Islands of 
                                the United States; and
                                    ``(IV) from Guam.''.
    (b) Effective Date.--The amendments made by subsection (a) shall 
apply with respect to awards made on or after the date of the enactment 
of this Act.

SEC. 10322. ROBERT NOYCE TEACHER SCHOLARSHIP PROGRAM UPDATE.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that over the 
next five years the Foundation should increase the number of 
scholarships awarded under the Robert Noyce Teacher Scholarship program 
established under section 10 of the National Science Foundation 
Authorization Act of 2002 (42 U.S.C. 1862n-1) by 50 percent.
    (b) Outreach.--To increase the diversity of participants, the 
Director shall support symposia, forums, conferences, and other 
activities to expand and enhance outreach to--
            (1) historically Black colleges and universities;
            (2) Tribal Colleges or Universities;
            (3) minority-serving institutions;
            (4) institutions of higher education that are located near 
        or serve rural communities, including EPSCoR institutions;
            (5) labor organizations;
            (6) emerging research institutions; and
            (7) higher education programs that serve or support 
        veterans.

SEC. 10323. NSF EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON INCLUDES INITIATIVE.

    (a) In General.--The Director shall make awards, on a competitive 
basis, to institutions of higher education or non-profit organizations 
(or consortia of such institutions or organizations) to carry out a 
comprehensive national initiative to facilitate the development of 
networks and partnerships to build on and scale up effective practices 
in broadening participation in STEM studies and careers of groups 
historically underrepresented in such studies and careers.
    (b) Change of Name.--The initiative under subsection (a) shall be 
known as the ``Eddie Bernice Johnson Inclusion across the Nation of 
Communities of Learners of Underrepresented Discoverers in Engineering 
and Science Initiative'' or the ``Eddie Bernice Johnson INCLUDES 
Initiative''.

SEC. 10324. BROADENING PARTICIPATION ON MAJOR FACILITIES AWARDS.

    The Director shall require organizations seeking a cooperative 
agreement for the management of the operations and maintenance of a 
Foundation project to demonstrate prior experience and current 
capabilities in or to have a plan for employing best practices in 
broadening participation in science and engineering and ensure 
implementation of such practices is considered in oversight of the 
award.

SEC. 10325. EXPANDING GEOGRAPHIC AND INSTITUTIONAL DIVERSITY IN 
              RESEARCH.

    (a) Continuing Support for EPSCoR .--
            (1) Sense of congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
                    (A) because maintaining the Nation's scientific and 
                economic leadership requires the participation of 
                talented individuals nationwide, EPSCoR investments 
                into State research and education capacities are in the 
                Federal interest and should be sustained;
                    (B) EPSCoR should maintain its experimental 
                component by supporting innovative methods for 
                improving research capacity and competitiveness; and
                    (C) the Director should carry out this subsection 
                while maintaining or increasing proposal success rates 
                at emerging research institutions throughout the United 
                States and without precluding access to awards for such 
                institutions.
            (2) Update of epscor.--Section 517(f)(2) of the America 
        COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 1862p-9(f)(2)) 
        is amended--
                    (A) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``and'' at the 
                end; and
                    (B) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(C) to increase the capacity of rural communities 
                to provide quality STEM education and STEM workforce 
                development programming to students, and teachers; 
                and''.
            (3) Geographic diversity and inclusion.--
                    (A) In general.--To the maximum extent practicable, 
                not less than--
                            (i) 15.5 percent in fiscal year 2023,
                            (ii) 16 percent in fiscal year 2024,
                            (iii) 16.5 percent in fiscal year 2025,
                            (iv) 17 percent in fiscal year 2026,
                            (v) 18 percent in fiscal year 2027,
                            (vi) 19 percent in fiscal year 2028, and
                            (vii) 20 percent in fiscal year 2029,
                of the amounts appropriated to the Foundation for 
                research and related activities, and science, 
                mathematics, and engineering education and human 
                resources programs and activities, excluding those 
                amounts made available for polar research and 
                operations support (and operations and maintenance of 
                research facilities), shall be awarded to EPSCoR 
                institutions.
                    (B) Scholarships.--To the maximum extent 
                practicable, not less than--
                            (i) 16 percent in fiscal year 2023,
                            (ii) 18 percent in fiscal year 2024, and
                            (iii) 20 percent in each of fiscal years 
                        2025 through 2029,
                of the amounts appropriated to the Foundation for 
                scholarships (including at community colleges), 
                graduate fellowships and traineeships, and postdoctoral 
                awards shall be used to support EPSCoR institutions.
                    (C) Considerations.--The Director shall consider 
                prioritizing funding and activities that enable 
                sustainable growth in the competitiveness of EPSCoR 
                jurisdictions, including--
                            (i) infrastructure investments to build 
                        research capacity in EPSCoR jurisdictions;
                            (ii) scholarships, fellowships, and 
                        traineeships within new and existing programs, 
                        to promote the development of sustainable 
                        research and academic personnel;
                            (iii) partnerships between eligible 
                        organizations in EPSCoR and non-EPSCoR 
                        jurisdictions, to develop administrative, grant 
                        management, and proposal writing capabilities 
                        in EPSCoR jurisdictions;
                            (iv) capacity building activities for 
                        emerging research institutions, historically 
                        Black colleges and universities, Tribal 
                        Colleges or Universities, and minority serving 
                        institutions, consistent with this section and 
                        section 10524 of this division; and
                            (v) leveraging the Partnerships for 
                        Innovation program, as well as the Foundation 
                        coordination role in the Department of Commerce 
                        technology and innovation hub program under 
                        section 28 of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology 
                        Innovation Act of 1980 as added by section 
                        10621, to build sustainable innovation 
                        ecosystems in EPSCoR jurisdictions.
                    (D) Merit review.--The Director shall achieve the 
                percentages specified in this paragraph to the maximum 
                extent practicable, consistent with the National 
                Science Foundation merit review process.
                    (E) Consortia.--In the case of an award to a 
                consortium, the Director may count the entire award 
                toward meeting the funding requirements of subparagraph 
                (A) if the lead entity of the consortium is located in 
                an EPSCoR institution
                    (F) Annual reporting.--Beginning with the fiscal 
                year 2023, the Director shall submit to Congress a 
                report describing--
                            (i) the Foundation's implementation of this 
                        paragraph;
                            (ii) progress in building research 
                        capacity, including both infrastructure and 
                        personnel, in EPSCoR jurisdictions, including 
                        at historically Black colleges and 
                        universities, Tribal Colleges or Universities, 
                        minority-serving institutions, and emerging 
                        research institutions; and
                            (iii) if the Foundation does not meet the 
                        requirement described in subparagraph (A), an 
                        explanation relating thereto and a plan for 
                        compliance in the following fiscal year and 
                        remediation.
                    (G) Analysis and sustainability report.--Not later 
                than December 31, 2026, the Director shall submit to 
                Congress a report containing an analysis of the impacts 
                of the requirements under subparagraphs (A) and (B). 
                The report shall include--
                            (i) an analysis of how the requirements 
                        under this paragraph affected the balance of 
                        total funding awarded by the Foundation to 
                        states and territories across the United 
                        States;
                            (ii) an analysis of any changes in award 
                        success and total funding awarded to 
                        Historically black colleges and universities, 
                        Tribal Colleges or Universities, minority-
                        serving institutions, and emerging research 
                        institutions between the date of enactment and 
                        December 31, 2026;
                            (iii) an analysis of the gains in academic 
                        research capacity, quality, and competitiveness 
                        and in science and technology human resource 
                        development in EPSCoR jurisdictions made 
                        between the enactment of this Act and December 
                        31, 2026;
                            (iv) an assessment of EPSCoR eligibility 
                        criteria and determination on whether new 
                        eligibility criteria should be developed based 
                        on the findings from clauses (i), (ii), and 
                        (iii); and
                            (v) a plan to sustain and grow improvements 
                        in research capacity and competitiveness in 
                        EPSCoR jurisdictions.
                    (H) EPSCoR eligibility.--
                            (i) In general.--The Director shall ensure 
                        eligibility for current EPSCoR jurisdictions 
                        for five years from the date of enactment of 
                        this Act, after which the Director shall 
                        determine whether new eligibility criteria 
                        should be developed based on the findings in 
                        the report required under subparagraph (G).
                            (ii) Report.--Not later than December 31, 
                        2028, the Director shall report to Congress 
                        regarding any new eligibility criteria 
                        determined under clause (i), any changes to 
                        jurisdictional eligibility based on such 
                        criteria, and the necessity and practicality of 
                        continuing or modifying the requirement under 
                        subparagraph (A) given any such changes to 
                        eligibility. The report shall include an 
                        analysis of options to support regions in non-
                        EPSCoR jurisdictions, adjacent to EPSCoR 
                        jurisdictions, that historically receive 
                        disproportionately low levels of funding from 
                        the Foundation, including, if appropriate, 
                        options to expand the EPSCoR program or to 
                        establish new programs.
    (b) Fostering Stem Research Diversity and Capacity Program.--
            (1) In general.--The Director shall make awards on a 
        competitive, merit-reviewed basis to eligible institutions to 
        implement and study innovative approaches for building research 
        capacity in order to engage and retain students from a range of 
        institutions and diverse backgrounds in STEM.
            (2) Eligible institution defined.--In this subsection the 
        term ``eligible institution'' means an institution of higher 
        education that, according to the data published by the National 
        Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, is not, on 
        average, among the top 100 institutions in Federal research and 
        development expenditures during the 3-year period prior to the 
        year of the award.
            (3) Purpose.--The activities under this subsection shall be 
        focused on achieving simultaneous impacts at the student, 
        faculty, and institutional levels by increasing the research 
        capacity at eligible institutions and the number of 
        undergraduate and graduate students pursuing STEM degrees from 
        eligible institutions.
            (4) Requirements.--In carrying out this program, the 
        Director shall--
                    (A) require eligible institutions seeking funding 
                under this subsection to submit an application to the 
                Director at such time, in such manner, containing such 
                information and assurances as the Director may require. 
                The application shall include, at a minimum a 
                description of how the eligible institution plans to 
                sustain the proposed activities beyond the duration of 
                the award;
                    (B) require applicants to identify disciplines and 
                focus areas in which the eligible institution can 
                excel, and explain how the applicant will use the award 
                to build capacity to bolster the institutional research 
                competitiveness of eligible entities to support awards 
                made by the Foundation and increase regional and 
                national capacity in STEM;
                    (C) require the awards funded under this subsection 
                to support research and related activities, which may 
                include--
                            (i) development or expansion of research 
                        programs in disciplines and focus areas in 
                        subparagraph (B);
                            (ii) faculty recruitment and professional 
                        development in disciplines and focus areas in 
                        subparagraph (B), including for early-career 
                        researchers;
                            (iii) stipends for undergraduate and 
                        graduate students participating in research in 
                        disciplines and focus areas in subparagraph 
                        (B);
                            (iv) acquisition of instrumentation 
                        necessary to build research capacity at an 
                        eligible institution in disciplines and focus 
                        areas in subparagraph (B);
                            (v) an assessment of capacity-building and 
                        research infrastructure needs;
                            (vi) administrative research development 
                        support; and
                            (vii) other activities necessary to build 
                        research capacity; and
                    (D) require that no eligible institution should 
                receive more than $10,000,000 in any single year of 
                funds made available under this section.
            (5) Additional considerations.--In making awards under this 
        subsection, the Director may also consider--
                    (A) the extent to which the applicant will support 
                students from diverse backgrounds, including first-
                generation undergraduate students;
                    (B) the geographic and institutional diversity of 
                the applying institutions; and
                    (C) how the applicants can leverage public-private 
                partnerships and existing partnerships with Federal 
                Research Agencies.
            (6) Duplication.--The Director shall ensure the awards made 
        under this subsection are complementary and not duplicative of 
        existing programs.
            (7) Report.--The Director shall submit a report to Congress 
        after the third year of the program that includes--
                    (A) an assessment of the effectiveness of the 
                program for growing the geographic and institutional 
                diversity of institutions of higher education receiving 
                research awards from the Foundation;
                    (B) an assessment of the quality, quantity, and 
                geographic and institutional diversity of institutions 
                of higher education conducting Foundation- sponsored 
                research since the establishment of the program in this 
                subsection;
                    (C) an assessment of the quantity and diversity of 
                undergraduate and graduate students graduating from 
                eligible institutions with STEM degrees; and
                    (D) statistical summary data on the program, 
                including the geographic and institutional allocation 
                of award funding, the number and diversity of supported 
                graduate and undergraduate students, and how it 
                contributes to capacity building at eligible entities.
            (8) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized 
        to be appropriated to the Director $150,000,000 for each of the 
        fiscal years 2023 through 2027 to carry out the activities 
        under this subsection.
    (c) Partnerships With Emerging Research Institutions.--
            (1) In general.--The Director shall establish a five-year 
        pilot program for awards to research partnerships that involve 
        emerging research institutions and may involve institutions 
        classified as very high research activity by the Carnegie 
        Classification of Institutions of Higher Education at the time 
        of application.
            (2) Requirements.--In carrying out this program, the 
        Director shall--
                    (A) require that each proposal submitted by a 
                multi-institution collaboration for an award, including 
                those under subtitle G of this title, that exceeds 
                $1,000,000, as appropriate, specify how the applicants 
                will support substantive, meaningful, sustainable, and 
                mutually beneficial partnerships with one or more 
                emerging research institutions;
                    (B) require recipients funded under this subsection 
                to direct no less than 35 percent of the total award to 
                one or more emerging research institutions;
                    (C) require recipients funded under this subsection 
                to report on the partnership activities as part of the 
                annual reporting requirements of the Foundation; and
                    (D) solicit feedback on the partnership directly 
                from partner emerging research institutions, in such 
                form as the Director deems appropriate.
            (3) Capacity building.--Funds awarded to emerging research 
        institutions under this subsection may be used to build 
        research capacity, including through support for faculty 
        salaries and training, field and laboratory research 
        experiences for undergraduate and graduate students, and 
        maintenance and repair of research equipment and 
        instrumentation.
            (4) Report.--The Director shall submit a report to Congress 
        after the third year of the pilot program that includes--
                    (A) an assessment, drawing on feedback from the 
                research community and other sources of information, of 
                the effectiveness of the pilot program for improving 
                the quality of partnerships with emerging research 
                institutions; and
                    (B) if deemed effective, a plan for permanent 
                implementation of the pilot program.

SEC. 10326. DIVERSITY IN TECH RESEARCH.

    The Director shall make awards, on a competitive basis, to 
institutions of higher education or nonprofit organizations (or 
consortia of such institutions or organizations) to support basic, 
applied, and use-inspired research that yields a scientific evidence 
base for improving the design and emergence, development and 
deployment, and management and ultimate effectiveness of entities 
involved in technology research, including research related to 
diversity and inclusion in the technology sector.

SEC. 10327. CHIEF DIVERSITY OFFICER OF THE NSF.

    (a) Chief Diversity Officer.--
            (1) Appointment.--The Director shall appoint a senior 
        agency official within the Office of the Director as a Chief 
        Diversity Officer.
            (2) Qualifications.--The Chief Diversity Officer shall have 
        significant experience, within the Federal Government and the 
        science community, with diversity- and inclusion-related 
        matters, including--
                    (A) civil rights compliance;
                    (B) harassment policy, reviews, and investigations;
                    (C) equal employment opportunity; and
                    (D) disability policy.
    (b) Duties.--The Chief Diversity Officer is responsible for 
providing advice on policy, oversight, guidance, and coordination with 
respect to matters of the Foundation related to diversity and 
inclusion, including ensuring the geographic diversity of the 
Foundation programs. Other duties may include--
            (1) establishing and maintaining a strategic plan that 
        publicly states a diversity definition, vision, and goals for 
        the Foundation;
            (2) defining a set of strategic metrics that are--
                    (A) directly linked to key organizational 
                priorities and goals;
                    (B) actionable; and
                    (C) actively used to implement the strategic plan 
                under paragraph (1);
            (3) advising in the establishment of a strategic plan for 
        diverse participation by individuals and institutions of higher 
        education, including community colleges, historically Black 
        colleges and universities, Tribal Colleges or Universities, 
        minority serving institutions, institutions of higher education 
        with an established STEM capacity building program focused on 
        Native Hawaiians or Alaska Natives, and EPSCoR institutions);
            (4) advising in the establishment of a strategic plan for 
        outreach to, and recruiting from, untapped locations and 
        underrepresented populations;
            (5) advising on a diversity and inclusion strategy for the 
        Foundation's portfolio of PreK-12 STEM education focused 
        programs and activities, including goals for addressing 
        barriers to participation;
            (6) advising on the application of the Foundation's broader 
        impacts review criterion; and
            (7) performing such additional duties and exercise such 
        powers as the Director may prescribe.
    (c) Authorization of Appropriations.--To carry out this section, 
there are authorized to be appropriated $5,000,000 for each of fiscal 
years 2023 through 2027.

SEC. 10328. RESEARCH AND DISSEMINATION TO INCREASE THE PARTICIPATION OF 
              WOMEN AND UNDERREPRESENTED MINORITIES IN STEM FIELDS.

    (a) In General.--The Director shall make awards on a competitive, 
merit-reviewed basis, to institutions of higher education or non-profit 
organizations (or consortia of such institutions or organizations), to 
enable such entities to increase the participation of women and 
underrepresented minorities in STEM studies and careers.
    (b) Use of Funds.--An eligible entity that receives an award under 
this subsection shall use such award funds to carry out one or more of 
the following activities designed to increase the participation of 
women or minorities historically underrepresented in STEM, or both:
            (1) Research to analyze the record-level data collected 
        under sections 10502 and 10504, consistent with policies to 
        ensure the privacy of individuals identifiable by such data.
            (2) Research to study best practices for work-life 
        accommodation.
            (3) Research to study the impact of policies and practices 
        that are implemented or are otherwise consistent with the 
        purposes of this section.
            (4) Mentoring programs that facilitate engagement of STEM 
        professionals with students.
            (5) Research experiences for undergraduate and graduate 
        students in STEM fields.
            (6) Outreach to elementary school and secondary school 
        students to provide opportunities to increase their exposure to 
        STEM fields.
    (c) Dissemination Activities.--The Director shall carry out 
dissemination activities consistent with the purposes of this section, 
including--
            (1) collaboration with other Federal research agencies and 
        professional associations to exchange best practices, harmonize 
        work-life accommodation policies and practices, and overcoming 
        common barriers to work-life accommodation; and
            (2) collaboration with institutions of higher education in 
        order to clarify and catalyze the adoption of a coherent and 
        consistent set of work-life accommodation policies and 
        practices.
    (d) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $5,000,000 for each of fiscal 
years 2023, 2024, 2025, 2026, and 2027.

SEC. 10329. ACTIVITIES TO EXPAND STEM OPPORTUNITIES.

    (a) National Science Foundation Support for Increasing Diversity 
Among Stem Faculty at Institutions of Higher Education.--Section 305 of 
the American Innovation and Competitiveness Act (42 U.S.C. 1862s-5) is 
amended--
            (1) by redesignating subsections (e) and (f) as subsections 
        (g) and (h), respectively; and
            (2) by inserting after subsection (d) the following:
    ``(e) Support for Increasing Diversity Among Stem Faculty at 
Institutions of Higher Education.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Director of the Foundation shall 
        make awards to institutions of higher education (or consortia 
        thereof) for the development and assessment of innovative 
        reform efforts designed to increase the recruitment, retention, 
        and advancement of individuals from underrepresented minority 
        groups in academic STEM careers, which may include implementing 
        or expanding successful evidence-based practices.
            ``(2) Merit review; competition.--Awards shall be made 
        under this subsection on a merit-reviewed, competitive basis.
            ``(3) Use of funds.--Activities supported by awards under 
        this subsection may include--
                    ``(A) institutional assessment activities, such as 
                data analyses and policy review, in order to identify 
                and address specific issues in the recruitment, 
                retention, and advancement of faculty members from 
                underrepresented minority groups;
                    ``(B) assessments of distribution of mentoring and 
                advising responsibilities among faculty, particularly 
                for faculty from underrepresented minority groups, that 
                may detract from time spent on research, publishing 
                papers, and other activities required to achieve tenure 
                status or promotion (or equivalents for non-tenure 
                track faculty) and run a productive research program;
                    ``(C) development and assessment of training 
                courses for administrators and search committee members 
                designed to ensure unbiased evaluation of candidates 
                from underrepresented minority groups;
                    ``(D) development and hosting of intra- or inter-
                institutional workshops to propagate best practices in 
                recruiting, retaining, and advancing faculty members 
                from underrepresented minority groups;
                    ``(E) professional development opportunities for 
                faculty members from underrepresented minority groups;
                    ``(F) activities aimed at making undergraduate STEM 
                students from underrepresented minority groups aware of 
                opportunities for academic careers in STEM fields; and
                    ``(G) activities to identify and engage exceptional 
                graduate students and postdoctoral researchers from 
                underrepresented minority groups at various stages of 
                their studies and to encourage them to enter academic 
                careers.
            ``(4) Selection process.--
                    ``(A) Application.--An institution of higher 
                education (or a consortium of such institutions) 
                seeking funding under this subsection shall submit an 
                application to the Director of the Foundation at such 
                time, in such manner, and containing such information 
                and assurances as such Director may require. The 
                application shall include, at a minimum, a description 
                of--
                            ``(i) the reform effort that is being 
                        proposed for implementation by the institution 
                        of higher education;
                            ``(ii) any available evidence of specific 
                        difficulties in the recruitment, retention, and 
                        advancement of faculty members from 
                        underrepresented minority groups in STEM 
                        academic careers within the institution of 
                        higher education submitting an application, and 
                        how the proposed reform effort would address 
                        such issues;
                            ``(iii) support for the proposed reform 
                        effort by administrators of the institution, 
                        which may include details on previous or 
                        ongoing reform efforts;
                            ``(iv) how the proposed reform effort may 
                        contribute to change in institutional culture 
                        and policy such that a greater value is placed 
                        on the recruitment, retention, and advancement 
                        of faculty members from underrepresented 
                        minority groups;
                            ``(v) how the institution of higher 
                        education submitting an application plans to 
                        sustain the proposed reform effort beyond the 
                        duration of the award, if the effort proved 
                        successful; and
                            ``(vi) how the success and effectiveness of 
                        the proposed reform effort will be evaluated 
                        and assessed in order to contribute to the 
                        national knowledge base about models for 
                        catalyzing institutional change.
                    ``(B) Award distribution.--The Director of the 
                Foundation shall ensure, to the extent practicable, 
                that awards under this section are made to a variety of 
                types of institutions of higher education.
            ``(5) Authorization of appropriations.--There are 
        authorized to be appropriated to carry out this subsection 
        $8,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027.''.
    (b) National Science Foundation Support for Broadening 
Participation in Undergraduate Stem Education.--Section 305 of the 
American Innovation and Competitiveness Act (42 U.S.C. 1862s-5), as 
amended by subsection (b), is further amended by inserting after 
subsection (e) the following:
    ``(f) Support for Broadening Participation in Undergraduate Stem 
Education.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Director of the Foundation shall 
        make awards to institutions of higher education (or a 
        consortium of such institutions) to implement or expand 
        research-based reforms in undergraduate STEM education for the 
        purpose of recruiting and retaining students from minority 
        groups who are underrepresented in STEM fields.
            ``(2) Merit review; competition.--Awards shall be made 
        under this subsection on a merit-reviewed, competitive basis.
            ``(3) Use of funds.--Activities supported by awards under 
        this subsection may include--
                    ``(A) implementation or expansion of innovative, 
                research-based approaches to broaden participation of 
                underrepresented minority groups in STEM fields;
                    ``(B) implementation or expansion of successful, 
                research-based bridge, cohort, tutoring, or mentoring 
                programs, including those involving community colleges 
                and technical schools, designed to enhance the 
                recruitment and retention of students from 
                underrepresented minority groups in STEM fields;
                    ``(C) implementation or expansion of outreach 
                programs linking institutions of higher education and 
                PreK-12 school systems in order to heighten awareness 
                among precollege students from underrepresented 
                minority groups of opportunities in college-level STEM 
                fields and STEM careers;
                    ``(D) implementation or expansion of faculty 
                development programs focused on improving retention of 
                undergraduate STEM students from underrepresented 
                minority groups;
                    ``(E) implementation or expansion of mechanisms 
                designed to recognize and reward faculty members who 
                demonstrate a commitment to increasing the 
                participation of students from underrepresented 
                minority groups in STEM fields;
                    ``(F) expansion of successful reforms aimed at 
                increasing the number of STEM students from 
                underrepresented minority groups beyond a single course 
                or group of courses to achieve reform within an entire 
                academic unit, or expansion of successful reform 
                efforts beyond a single academic unit or field to other 
                STEM academic units or fields within an institution of 
                higher education;
                    ``(G) expansion of opportunities for students from 
                underrepresented minority groups to conduct STEM 
                research in industry, at Federal labs, and at 
                international research institutions or research sites;
                    ``(H) provision of stipends for students from 
                underrepresented minority groups participating in 
                research;
                    ``(I) development of research collaborations 
                between research-intensive universities and primarily 
                undergraduate historically Black colleges and 
                universities, Tribal Colleges or Universities, and 
                minority serving institutions;
                    ``(J) support for graduate students and 
                postdoctoral fellows from underrepresented minority 
                groups to participate in instructional or assessment 
                activities at primarily undergraduate institutions, 
                including primarily undergraduate historically Black 
                colleges and universities, Tribal Colleges or 
                Universities, and minority serving institutions and 2-
                year institutions of higher education; and
                    ``(K) other activities consistent with paragraph 
                (1), as determined by the Director of the Foundation.
            ``(4) Selection process.--
                    ``(A) Application.--An institution of higher 
                education (or a consortium thereof) seeking an award 
                under this subsection shall submit an application to 
                the Director of the Foundation at such time, in such 
                manner, and containing such information and assurances 
                as such Director may require. The application shall 
                include, at a minimum--
                            ``(i) a description of the proposed reform 
                        effort;
                            ``(ii) a description of the research 
                        findings that will serve as the basis for the 
                        proposed reform effort or, in the case of 
                        applications that propose an expansion of a 
                        previously implemented reform, a description of 
                        the previously implemented reform effort, 
                        including data about the recruitment, 
                        retention, and academic achievement of students 
                        from underrepresented minority groups;
                            ``(iii) evidence of an institutional 
                        commitment to, and support for, the proposed 
                        reform effort, including a long-term commitment 
                        to implement successful strategies from the 
                        current reform beyond the academic unit or 
                        units included in the award proposal;
                            ``(iv) a description of how the proposed 
                        reform effort may contribute to, or in the case 
                        of applications that propose an expansion of a 
                        previously implemented reforms has contributed 
                        to, change in institutional culture and policy 
                        such that a greater value is placed on the 
                        recruitment, retention and academic achievement 
                        of students from underrepresented minority 
                        groups;
                            ``(v) a description of existing or planned 
                        institutional policies and practices regarding 
                        faculty hiring, promotion, tenure, and teaching 
                        assignment that reward faculty contributions to 
                        improving the education of students from 
                        underrepresented minority groups in STEM; and
                            ``(vi) how the success and effectiveness of 
                        the proposed reform effort will be evaluated 
                        and assessed in order to contribute to the 
                        national knowledge base about models for 
                        catalyzing institutional change,
                    ``(B) Award distribution.--The Director of the 
                Foundation shall ensure, to the extent practicable, 
                that awards under this subsection are made to a variety 
                of types of institutions of higher education, including 
                historically Black colleges and universities, Tribal 
                Colleges or Universities, minority serving 
                institutions, and 2-year institutions of higher 
                education.
            ``(5) Education research.--
                    ``(A) In general.--All awards made under this 
                subsection shall include an education research 
                component that will support the design and 
                implementation of a system for data collection and 
                evaluation of proposed reform efforts in order to build 
                the knowledge base on promising models for increasing 
                recruitment and retention of students from 
                underrepresented minority groups in STEM education at 
                the undergraduate level across a diverse set of 
                institutions.
                    ``(B) Dissemination.--The Director of the 
                Foundation shall coordinate with the Committee on STEM 
                Education of the National Science and Technology 
                Council in disseminating the results of the research 
                under this paragraph to ensure that best practices in 
                broadening participation in STEM education at the 
                undergraduate level are made readily available to all 
                institutions of higher education, other Federal 
                agencies that support STEM programs, non-Federal 
                funders of STEM education, and the general public.
            ``(6) Authorization of appropriations.--There are 
        authorized to be appropriated to carry out this subsection 
        $15,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027.''.

SEC. 10330. INTRAMURAL EMERGING RESEARCH INSTITUTIONS PILOT PROGRAM.

    (a) Establishment.--The Director may conduct multiple pilot 
programs, including through existing programs or other programs 
authorized in this division or division A, within the Foundation to 
expand the number of institutions of higher education (including such 
institutions that are community colleges), and other eligible entities 
that the Director determines appropriate, that are able to successfully 
compete for Foundation awards.
    (b) Components.--Pilot programs under this section may include--
            (1) a mentorship program;
            (2) award application writing technical assistance;
            (3) targeted outreach, including to a historically Black 
        college or university, a Tribal college or university, or a 
        minority-serving institution (including a Hispanic-serving 
        institution or an institution of higher education with an 
        established STEM capacity building program focused on Native 
        Hawaiians or Alaska Natives);
            (4) programmatic support or solutions for institutions or 
        entities that do not have an experienced award management 
        office;
            (5) an increase in the number of award proposal reviewers 
        from institutions of higher education that have not 
        traditionally received funds from the Foundation; or
            (6) an increase of the term and funding, for a period of 3 
        years or less, as appropriate, for awards with a first-time 
        principal investigator, when paired with regular mentoring on 
        the administrative aspects of award management.
    (c) Limitation.--As appropriate, each pilot program under this 
section shall work to reduce administrative burdens for recipients and 
award personnel.
    (d) Agency-wide Programs.--Not later than 5 years after the date of 
enactment of this Act, the Director shall--
            (1) review the results of the pilot programs under this 
        section; and
            (2) develop agencywide best practices from the pilot 
        programs for implementation across the Foundation, in order to 
        fulfill the requirement under section 3(e) of the National 
        Science Foundation Act of 1950 (42 U.S.C. 1862(e)).

                   Subtitle D--NSF Research Security

SEC. 10331. OFFICE OF RESEARCH SECURITY AND POLICY.

    The Director shall maintain a Research Security and Policy office 
within the Office of the Director with not fewer than four full-time 
equivalent positions, in addition to the Chief of Research Security 
established pursuant to section 10332. The functions of the Research 
Security and Policy office shall be to coordinate all research security 
policy issues across the Foundation, including by--
            (1) consulting and coordinating with the Foundation Office 
        of Inspector General, with other Federal research agencies, and 
        intelligence and law enforcement agencies, and the National 
        Science and Technology Council, as appropriate, in accordance 
        with the authority provided under section 1746 of the National 
        Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020 (Public Law 116-
        92; 42 U.S.C. 6601 note), to identify and address potential 
        security risks that threaten research integrity and other risks 
        to the research enterprise and to develop research security 
        policy and best practices, taking into account the policy 
        guidelines to be issued by the Director of the Office of 
        Science and Technology Policy under section 10631 of this 
        division;
            (2) serving as a resource at the Foundation for all issues 
        related to the security and integrity of the conduct of 
        Foundation-supported research;
            (3) conducting outreach and education activities for 
        recipients on research policies and potential security risks 
        and on policies and activities to protect intellectual property 
        and information about critical technologies relevant to 
        national security, consistent with the controls relevant to the 
        grant or award;
            (4) educating Foundation program managers and other 
        directorate staff on evaluating Foundation awards and 
        recipients for potential security risks;
            (5) communicating reporting and disclosure requirements to 
        recipients and applicants for funding;
            (6) performing risk assessments, in consultation, as 
        appropriate, with other Federal agencies, of Foundation 
        proposals and awards using analytical tools to assess 
        nondisclosures of required information;
            (7) establishing policies and procedures for identifying, 
        communicating, and addressing security risks that threaten the 
        integrity of Foundation-supported research and development, 
        working in consultation, as appropriate, with other Federal 
        agencies, to ensure compliance with National Security 
        Presidential Memorandum-33 (relating to strengthening 
        protections of United States Government-supported research and 
        development against foreign government interference and 
        exploitation) or a successor policy document; and
            (8) in accordance with relevant policies of the agency, 
        conducting or facilitating due diligence with regard to 
        applications for research and development awards from the 
        Foundation prior to making such awards.

SEC. 10332. CHIEF OF RESEARCH SECURITY.

     The Director shall appoint a senior agency official within the 
Office of the Director as a Chief of Research Security, whose primary 
responsibility shall be to manage the office established under section 
10331.

SEC. 10333. REPORTING TO CONGRESS.

    (a) Report on Resource Needs.--Not later than 180 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Director shall provide a report 
to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of 
Representatives, the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation 
of the Senate, the Committee on Appropriations of the House of 
Representatives, and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate on 
the resources and the number of full time employees needed to carry out 
the functions of the office established in section 10331.
    (b) Annual Report on Office Activities.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than one year after the date of 
        the enactment of this Act and annually thereafter, the Director 
        shall submit to Congress a report on the activities carried out 
        by the Office of Research Security, detailing--
                    (A) a description of the activities conducted by 
                the Office, including administrative actions taken;
                    (B) such recommendations as the Director may have 
                for legislative or administrative action relating to 
                improving research security;
                    (C) identification and discussion of the gaps in 
                legal authorities that need to be improved to enhance 
                the security of institutions of higher education 
                performing research supported by the Foundation; and
                    (D) information on Foundation Inspector General 
                cases, as appropriate, relating to undue influence and 
                security threats to research and development activities 
                funded by the Foundation, including theft of property 
                or intellectual property relating to a project funded 
                by the Foundation at an institution of higher 
                education.
            (2) Form.--The report submitted under paragraph (1) shall 
        be submitted in both unclassified and classified formats, as 
        appropriate.

SEC. 10334. ONLINE RESOURCE.

    The Director shall develop an online resource hosted on the 
Foundation's website containing up-to-date information, tailored for 
institutions and individual researchers, including--
            (1) an explanation of Foundation research security 
        policies;
            (2) unclassified guidance on potential security risks that 
        threaten research integrity and other risks to the research 
        enterprise;
            (3) examples of beneficial international collaborations and 
        how such collaborations differ from foreign government 
        interference efforts that threaten research integrity;
            (4) best practices for mitigating security risks that 
        threaten research integrity; and
            (5) additional reference materials, including tools that 
        assist organizations seeking Foundation funding and awardees in 
        information disclosure to the Foundation.

SEC. 10335. RESEARCH AWARDS.

     The Director shall continue to make awards, on a competitive 
basis, to institutions of higher education or non-profit organizations 
(or consortia of such institutions or organizations) to support 
research on the conduct of research and the research environment, 
including research on research misconduct or breaches of research 
integrity and detrimental research practices.

SEC. 10336. AUTHORITIES.

    In addition to existing authorities for preventing waste, fraud, 
abuse, and mismanagement of Federal funds, the Director, acting through 
the Office of Research Security and Policy and in coordination with the 
Foundation's Office of Inspector General, shall have the authority to 
conduct risk assessments, including through the use of open-source 
analysis and analytical tools, of research and development award 
applications and disclosures to the Foundation.

SEC. 10337. RESPONSIBLE CONDUCT IN RESEARCH TRAINING.

     Section 7009 of the America Creating Opportunities to Meaningfully 
Promote Excellence in Technology, Education, and Science Act (42 U.S.C. 
1862o-1) is amended by--
            (1) striking ``and postdoctoral researchers'' and inserting 
        ``postdoctoral researchers, faculty, and other senior 
        personnel''; and
            (2) by striking the period and inserting the following: ``, 
        including--
            ``(1) mentor training and mentorship;
            ``(2) training to raise awareness of potential research 
        security threats; and
            ``(3) Federal export control, disclosure, and reporting 
        requirements.''.

SEC. 10338. RESEARCH SECURITY AND INTEGRITY INFORMATION SHARING 
              ANALYSIS ORGANIZATION.

    (a) Establishment.--The Director shall enter into an agreement with 
a qualified independent organization to establish a research security 
and integrity information sharing analysis organization (referred to in 
this section as the ``RSI-ISAO''), which shall include members 
described in subsection (d) and carry out the duties described in 
subsection (b).
    (b) Duties.--The RSI-ISAO shall--
            (1) serve as a clearinghouse for information to help enable 
        the members and other entities in the research community to 
        understand the context of their research and identify improper 
        or illegal efforts by foreign entities to obtain research 
        results, know how, materials, and intellectual property;
            (2) develop a set of standard risk assessment frameworks 
        and best practices, relevant to the research community, to 
        assess research security risks in different contexts;
            (3) share information concerning security threats and 
        lessons learned from protection and response efforts through 
        forums and other forms of communication;
            (4) provide timely reports on research security risks to 
        provide situational awareness tailored to the research and STEM 
        education community;
            (5) provide training and support, including through 
        webinars, for relevant faculty and staff employed by 
        institutions of higher education on topics relevant to research 
        security risks and response;
            (6) enable standardized information gathering and data 
        compilation, storage, and analysis for compiled incident 
        reports;
            (7) support analysis of patterns of risk and identification 
        of bad actors and enhance the ability of members to prevent and 
        respond to research security risks; and
            (8) take other appropriate steps to enhance research 
        security.
    (c) Funding.--The Foundation may provide initial funds toward the 
RSI-ISAO but shall seek to have the fees authorized in subsection 
(d)(2) cover the costs of operations at the earliest practicable time.
    (d) Membership.--
            (1) In general.--The RSI-ISAO shall serve and include 
        members representing institutions of higher education, 
        nonprofit research institutions, and small and medium-sized 
        businesses.
            (2) Fees.--As soon as practicable, members of the RSI-ISAO 
        shall be charged an annual rate to enable the RSI-ISAO to cover 
        its costs. Rates shall be set on a sliding scale based on 
        research and development expenditures to ensure that membership 
        is accessible to a diverse community of stakeholders and ensure 
        broad participation. The RSI-ISAO shall develop a plan to 
        sustain the RSI-ISAO without Federal funding, as practicable.
    (e) Board of Directors.--The RSI-ISAO may establish a board of 
directors to provide guidance for policies, legal issues, and plans and 
strategies of the entity's operations. The board shall include a 
diverse group of stakeholders representing the research community, 
including academia, industry, and experienced research security 
administrators.
    (f) Stakeholder Engagement.--In establishing the RSI-ISAO under 
this section, the Director shall take necessary steps to ensure the 
services provided are aligned with the needs of the research community, 
including by--
            (1) convening a series of workshops or other multi-
        stakeholder events; or
            (2) publishing a description of the services the RSI-ISAO 
        intends to provide and the requirements for membership in the 
        Federal Register and provide an opportunity for submission of 
        public comments for a period of not less than 60 days.

SEC. 10339. PLAN WITH RESPECT TO CONTROLLED INFORMATION AND BACKGROUND 
              SCREENING.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 180 days after the enactment of 
this Act, the Director, in consultation with the Director of National 
Intelligence and, as appropriate, other Federal agencies, shall develop 
a plan to--
            (1) identify research areas supported by the Foundation, 
        including in the key technology focus areas, that may involve 
        access to controlled unclassified or classified information, 
        including in the key technology focus areas; and
            (2) exercise due diligence in granting access, as 
        appropriate, to the CUI or classified information identified 
        under paragraph (1) to individuals working on such research who 
        are employees of the Foundation or covered individuals on 
        research and development awards funded by the Foundation.
    (b) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Classified information.--The term ``classified 
        information'' means any information that has been determined 
        pursuant to Executive Order 13526, any predecessor or successor 
        order, or sections 1-274, 275-321, and 1001-3115 of the Atomic 
        Energy Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C. 2011-2021, 2022-2286i, 2296a-
        2297h-13) to require protection against unauthorized disclosure 
        and that is so designated.
            (2) Controlled unclassified information.--The term 
        ``controlled unclassified information'' or ``CUI'' means 
        information described as ``Controlled Unclassified 
        Information'' under Executive Order 13556 or any successor 
        order, to require protection against unauthorized disclosure 
        and that is so designated.

SEC. 10339A. FOUNDATION FUNDING TO INSTITUTIONS HOSTING OR SUPPORTING 
              CONFUCIUS INSTITUTES.

    (a) Confucius Institute Defined.--In this section the term 
``Confucius Institute'' means a cultural institute established as a 
partnership between a United States institution of higher education and 
a Chinese institution of higher education to promote and teach Chinese 
language and culture that is funded, directly or indirectly, by the 
Government of the People's Republic of China.
    (b) Restrictions of Confucius Institutes.--Except as provided in 
subsection (d), none of the funds made available to the Foundation 
under this division or division A, or an amendment made by this 
division or division A, may be obligated or expended to an institution 
of higher education that maintains a contract or agreement between the 
institution and a Confucius Institute, unless the Director, after 
consultation with the National Academies, determines such a waiver is 
appropriate in accordance with subsection (c).
    (c) Waiver.--The Director, after consultation with the National 
Academies, may issue a waiver for an institution of higher education 
that maintains a contract or agreement between the institution and a 
Confucius Institute if such contract or agreement includes clear 
provisions that--
            (1) protect academic freedom at the institution;
            (2) prohibit the application of any foreign law on any 
        campus of the institution;
            (3) grant full managerial authority of the Confucius 
        Institute to the institution, including full control over what 
        is being taught, the activities carried out, the research 
        awards that are made, and who is employed at the Confucius 
        Institute; and
            (4) prohibit co-location with the institution's Chinese 
        language, history, and cultural programs and require separate 
        promotional materials.
    (d) Special Rule.--
            (1) In general.--Notwithstanding any other provision of 
        this section, this section shall not apply to an institution of 
        higher education if that institution has fulfilled the 
        requirements for a waiver from the Department of Defense as 
        described under section 1062 of the National Defense 
        Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public Law 116-283).
            (2) Exception.--Notwithstanding any other provision of this 
        section, the prohibition under subsection (b) shall not apply 
        to amounts provided to students as educational assistance.
    (e) Effective Date.--The limitation under subsection (b) shall 
apply with respect to the first fiscal year that begins after the date 
that is two years after the date of the enactment of this Act and to 
any subsequent fiscal year subject to subsection (f).
    (f) Sunset.--This section shall cease to be effective on the date 
that is five years after the date of the enactment of this Act.

SEC. 10339B. FOREIGN FINANCIAL SUPPORT.

    (a) In General.--The Director shall request, on an annual basis, 
from a recipient institution of higher education a disclosure, in the 
form of a summary document, from the institution, a foundation of the 
institution, and related entities such as any educational, cultural, or 
language entity, of the current financial support, the value of which 
is $50,000 or more, including gifts and contracts, received directly or 
indirectly from a foreign source (as such term is defined in section 
117 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1011f(h)(2))) 
associated with a foreign country of concern.
    (b) Records.--Each disclosure to the Director under this section 
shall be made on the condition that the institution will maintain a 
true copy of the relevant records subject to the disclosure requirement 
until the latest of--
            (1) the date that is four years after the date of the 
        agreement;
            (2) the date on which the agreement terminates; or
            (3) the last day of any period that applicable State public 
        record law requires a true copy of such agreement to be 
        maintained.
    (c) Documentation.--Upon review of the disclosures under this 
section, the Director may request that a recipient institution provide 
true copies of any contracts, agreements, or documentation of financial 
transactions associated with disclosures made under this section.
    (d) Office of the Inspector General.--The Director, acting through 
the Office of Research Security and Policy in coordination with the 
Foundation's Office of Inspector General and in consultation with the 
recipient institution, may reduce the award funding amount or suspend 
or terminate the award if the Director determines--
            (1) such institution fails to comply with the records 
        retention requirement in subsection (b) or fails to provide 
        information requested under this section; or
            (2) the Chief of Research Security determines the 
        disclosures under this section indicate a threat to research 
        security.

SEC. 10339C. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    From any amounts appropriated for the Foundation for each of fiscal 
years 2023 through 2027, the Director shall allocate $6,000,000 to 
carry out the activities under this subtitle.

                    Subtitle E--Fundamental Research

SEC. 10341. BROADER IMPACTS.

    (a) Assessment.--Not later than 120 days after the date of 
enactment of this Act, the Director shall enter into an agreement with 
a qualified independent organization to assess how the Broader Impacts 
review criterion is applied across the Foundation and make 
recommendations for improving the effectiveness for meeting the goals 
established in section 526 of the America Creating Opportunities to 
Meaningfully Promote Excellence in Technology, Education, and Science 
Reauthorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 1862p-14).
    (b) Activities.--The Director shall make awards on a competitive 
basis, to institutions of higher education or non-profit organizations 
(or consortia of such institutions or organizations) to support 
activities to increase the efficiency, effectiveness, and availability 
of resources for implementing the Broader Impacts review criterion, 
including--
            (1) training and workshops for program officers, merit 
        review panelists, award office administrators, faculty, and 
        students to improve understanding of the goals and the full 
        range of potential broader impacts available to researchers to 
        satisfy this criterion;
            (2) repositories and clearinghouses for sharing best 
        practices and facilitating collaboration; and
            (3) tools for evaluating and documenting societal impacts 
        of research.

SEC. 10342. SENSE OF CONGRESS.

    It is the sense of Congress that the Director should continue to 
identify opportunities to reduce the administrative burden on 
researchers.

SEC. 10343. RESEARCH ETHICS.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) a number of emerging areas of research have potential 
        ethical, social, safety, and security implications that might 
        be apparent as early as the basic research stage;
            (2) the incorporation of ethical, social, safety, and 
        security considerations into the research design and review 
        process for Federal awards, may help mitigate potential harms 
        before they happen;
            (3) the Foundation's agreement with the National Academies 
        to conduct a study and make recommendations with respect to 
        governance of research in emerging technologies is a positive 
        step toward accomplishing this goal; and
            (4) the Foundation should continue to work with 
        stakeholders to promote best practices for governance of 
        research in emerging technologies at every stage of research.
    (b) Incorporation of Ethics Considerations.--Drawing on stakeholder 
input, not later than 24 months after the date of enactment of this 
Act, the Director shall revise proposal instructions to require that 
ethical and societal considerations are to be included as part of a 
proposal for funding prior to making the award, where such 
considerations are applicable. Such considerations shall be evaluated 
by the Director in the review of proposals, taking into account any 
relevant input from the peer-reviewers for the proposal, and shall 
factor into award decisions, as deemed necessary by the Director. When 
incorporating such considerations, proposers may include, as 
appropriate--
            (1)(A) any readily foreseeable or quantifiable risks to 
        society, including how the research could enable products, 
        technologies, or other outcomes that could intentionally or 
        unintentionally cause significant societal harm; or
            (B) an assertion that no readily foreseeable potential 
        ethical, social, safety, or security implications are apparent;
            (2) how technical or social solutions can mitigate such 
        risks and, as appropriate, a plan to implement such mitigation 
        measures; and
            (3) how partnerships and collaborations in the research can 
        help mitigate potential harm and amplify potential societal 
        benefits.
    (c) Guidance.--The Director shall solicit stakeholder input to 
develop clear guidance on what constitutes a readily foreseeable or 
quantifiable risk as described in subsection (b)(1), and to the extent 
practicable harmonize this policy with existing ethical policies or 
related requirements for human subjects.
    (d) Research.--The Director shall make awards, on a competitive 
basis, to institutions of higher education or non-profit organizations 
(or consortia of such institutions or organizations) to support--
            (1) research to assess the potential ethical and societal 
        implications of Foundation- supported research and products or 
        technologies enabled by such research, including the benefits 
        and risks identified pursuant to subsection (b)(1); and
            (2) the development and verification of approaches to 
        proactively mitigate foreseeable risks to society, including 
        the technical and social solutions identified pursuant to 
        subsection (b)(1).
    (e) Annual Report.--The Director shall encourage recipients to 
update their consideration of potential risks and benefits as 
appropriate as part of the annual reports required by all awardees 
under the award terms and conditions.

SEC. 10344. RESEARCH REPRODUCIBILITY AND REPLICABILITY.

    (a) In General.--Consistent with existing Federal law for privacy, 
intellectual property, and security, the Director shall facilitate 
public access to research products, including data, software, and code, 
developed as part of Foundation-supported projects.
    (b) Data Management Plans.--
            (1) In general.--The Director shall require that every 
        proposal for funding for research include a machine-readable 
        data management plan that includes a description of how the 
        awardee will archive and preserve public access to data, 
        software, and code developed as part of the proposed project.
            (2) Requirements.--In carrying out the requirement in 
        paragraph (1), the Director shall--
                    (A) provide necessary resources, including 
                trainings and workshops, to educate researchers and 
                students on how to develop and review high quality data 
                management plans;
                    (B) ensure program officers and merit review panels 
                are equipped with the resources and training necessary 
                to review the quality of data management plans; and
                    (C) ensure program officers and merit review panels 
                treat data management plans as essential elements of 
                award proposals, where appropriate.
    (c) Open Repositories.--The Director shall--
            (1) consult with the heads of other Federal research 
        agencies, as appropriate, and solicit input from the scientific 
        community, to develop and widely disseminate a set of criteria 
        for trusted open repositories to be used by Foundation-funded 
        researchers, accounting for discipline-specific needs and 
        necessary protections for sensitive information;
            (2) work with stakeholders to identify significant gaps in 
        available repositories meeting the criteria developed under 
        paragraph (1) and options for supporting the development of 
        additional or enhanced repositories;
            (3) make awards on a competitive basis to institutions of 
        higher education or non-profit organizations (or consortia of 
        such institutions or organizations) for the development, 
        upgrades, and maintenance of open data repositories that meet 
        the criteria developed under paragraph (1);
            (4) work with stakeholders and build on existing models, 
        where appropriate, to establish a single, public, web-based 
        point of access to help users locate repositories storing data, 
        software, and code resulting from or used in Foundation-
        supported projects;
            (5) work with stakeholders to establish the necessary 
        policies and procedures and allocate the necessary resources to 
        ensure, as practicable, data underlying published findings 
        resulting from Foundation-supported projects are deposited in 
        repositories meeting the criteria developed under paragraph (1) 
        at the time of publication;
            (6) incentivize the deposition of data, software, and code 
        into repositories that meet the criteria developed under 
        paragraph (1); and
            (7) coordinate with the scientific publishing community and 
        the heads of other relevant Federal departments and agencies to 
        support the development of voluntary consensus standards around 
        data archiving and sharing.
    (d) Research, Development, and Education.--The Director shall make 
awards, on a competitive basis to institutions of higher education or 
non-profit organizations (or consortia of such institutions or 
organizations) to--
            (1) support research and development of open source, 
        sustainable, usable tools and infrastructure that support 
        reproducibility for a broad range of studies across different 
        disciplines;
            (2) support research on computational reproducibility, 
        including the limits of reproducibility and the consistency of 
        computational results in the development of new computation 
        hardware, tools, and methods; and
            (3) support the education and training of students, 
        faculty, and researchers on computational methods, tools, and 
        techniques to improve the quality and sharing of data, code, 
        and supporting metadata to produce reproducible research.

SEC. 10345. CLIMATE CHANGE RESEARCH.

    The Director shall make awards, on a competitive basis, to 
institutions of higher education or non-profit organizations (or 
consortia of such institutions or organizations) to support research to 
improve our understanding of the climate system and related human and 
environmental systems.

SEC. 10346. SOCIAL, BEHAVIORAL, AND ECONOMIC SCIENCES.

    The Director shall--
            (1) actively communicate opportunities and solicit 
        proposals for social, behavioral, and economic science 
        researchers to participate in cross-cutting and 
        interdisciplinary programs, including the Convergence 
        Accelerator and agency priority activities, and the Mid-Scale 
        Research Infrastructure program; and
            (2) ensure social, behavioral, and economic science 
        researchers are represented on relevant merit review panels for 
        such activities.

SEC. 10347. MEASURING IMPACTS OF FEDERALLY FUNDED RESEARCH AND 
              DEVELOPMENT.

    The Director shall make awards on a competitive, merit-reviewed 
basis to institutions of higher education or non-profit organizations 
(or consortia of such institutions or organizations) to support 
research and development of data, models, indicators, and associated 
analytical tools to improve our understanding of the impacts of 
Federally funded research on society, the economy, and the workforce, 
including domestic job creation.

SEC. 10348. FOOD-ENERGY-WATER RESEARCH.

    The Director shall make awards on a competitive basis to 
institutions of higher education or non-profit organizations (or 
consortia of such institutions or organizations) to--
            (1) support research to significantly advance our 
        understanding of the food-energy-water system through 
        quantitative and computational modeling, including support for 
        relevant cyberinfrastructure;
            (2) develop real-time, cyber-enabled interfaces that 
        improve understanding of the behavior of food-energy-water 
        systems and increase decision support capability;
            (3) support research that will lead to innovative solutions 
        to critical food-energy-water system problems; and
            (4) grow the scientific workforce capable of studying and 
        managing the food-energy-water system, through education and 
        other professional development.

SEC. 10349. BIOLOGICAL FIELD STATIONS AND MARINE LABORATORIES.

    The Director shall continue to support enhancing, repairing and 
maintaining research instrumentation, laboratories, telecommunications 
and housing at biological field stations and marine laboratories.

SEC. 10350. SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY RESEARCH AND EDUCATION.

    In accordance with section 263 of the National Defense 
Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021, the Director shall carry out 
activities in support of sustainable chemistry, including--
            (1) establishing a program to make awards, on a competitive 
        basis, to institutions of higher education or non-profit 
        organizations (or consortia of such institutions or 
        organizations) to support--
                    (A) individual investigators and teams of 
                investigators, including to the extent practicable, 
                early career investigators for research and 
                development;
                    (B) collaborative research and development 
                partnerships among universities, industry, and non-
                profit organizations;
                    (C) integrating sustainable chemistry principles 
                into elementary, secondary, undergraduate, and graduate 
                chemistry and chemical engineering curriculum and 
                research training, as appropriate to that level of 
                education and training; and
            (2) incorporating sustainable chemistry into existing 
        Foundation research and development programs.

SEC. 10351. RISK AND RESILIENCE RESEARCH.

    The Director shall make awards on a competitive basis to 
institutions of higher education or non-profit organizations (or 
consortia of such institutions or organizations) to advance knowledge 
of risk assessment and predictability and to support the creation of 
tools and technologies, including advancing data analytics and 
utilization of artificial intelligence, for increased resilience 
through--
            (1) improvements in our ability to understand, model, and 
        predict extreme events and natural hazards;
            (2) the creation of novel engineered systems solutions for 
        resilient complex infrastructures, particularly those that 
        address critical interdependence among infrastructures and 
        leverage the growing infusion of cyber-physical-social 
        components into the infrastructures;
            (3) development of equipment and instrumentation for 
        innovation in resilient engineered infrastructures;
            (4) multidisciplinary research on the behaviors individuals 
        and communities engage in to detect, perceive, understand, 
        predict, assess, mitigate, and prevent risks and to improve and 
        increase resilience; and
            (5) advancements in multidisciplinary wildfire science, 
        including those related to air quality impacts, human behavior, 
        and early detection and warning.

SEC. 10352. UNMANNED AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGIES.

    In coordination with the Administrator of the Federal Aviation 
Administration and the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and 
Space Administration, the Director shall carry out a program of 
research and related activities related to unmanned aircraft system 
technologies, which may include a prize competition pursuant to section 
24 of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 
3719) and support for undergraduate and graduate curriculum 
development.

SEC. 10353. ACCELERATING UNMANNED MARITIME SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGIES.

    (a) In General.--In order to support advances in marine science, 
maritime domain awareness, and national security the Director, in 
consultation with the Under Secretary of Commerce for Oceans and 
Atmosphere and the Commandant of the Coast Guard, shall issue awards, 
on a competitive basis, to institutions of higher education or 
nonprofit organizations (or consortia of such institutions or 
organizations) to support research that will accelerate innovation to 
advance unmanned maritime systems for the purpose of providing greater 
maritime domain awareness to the Nation.
    (b) Coordination.--In implementing this section, the Director shall 
coordinate with the Coast Guard, the Department of Defense, the 
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and other Federal 
agencies, including those established under the Commercial Engagement 
Through Ocean Technology Act of 2018 (Public Law 115-394).

SEC. 10354. LEVERAGING INTERNATIONAL EXPERTISE IN RESEARCH.

    The Director shall explore and advance opportunities for leveraging 
international capabilities and resources that align with the Foundation 
and United States research community priorities and have the potential 
to benefit United States prosperity, security, health, and well-being, 
including through binational research and development organizations and 
foundations and by sending teams of Foundation scientific staff for 
site visits of scientific facilities and agencies in other countries. 
The Director shall establish and implement policies, including through 
any research security training requirements, to mitigate the potential 
risks of such interactions, including risks to the protection of 
intellectual property and the risk of undue foreign influence on 
research.

SEC. 10355. BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH COLLECTIONS.

    (a) In General.--The Director shall continue to support databases, 
tools, methods, and other activities that secure and improve existing 
physical and digital biological research collections, improve the 
accessibility of collections and collection-related data for research 
and educational purposes, develop capacity for curation and collection 
management, and to transfer ownership of collections that are 
significant to the biological research community, including to museums 
and universities.
    (b) Specimen Management Plan.--In consultation with other relevant 
Federal research agencies, and as the Director determines is 
appropriate, the Director shall require that proposals submitted to the 
Foundation for funding for research that involves collecting or 
generating specimens include, as part of the data management plan under 
section 10344, a description of how the specimens and associated data 
will be accessioned into and maintained in an established biological 
collection.
    (c) Action Center for Biological Collections.--In coordination with 
other relevant Federal research agencies, as appropriate, the Director 
shall make awards on a competitive basis to institutions of higher 
education or non-profit organizations (or consortia of such 
institutions or organizations) to facilitate coordination and data 
sharing among communities of practice for research, education, 
workforce training, evaluation, and business model development, 
including by establishing an Action Center for Biological Collections.

SEC. 10356. CLEAN WATER RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY ACCELERATION.

    The Director shall make awards on a competitive, merit-reviewed 
basis to institutions of higher education or non-profit organizations 
(or consortia of such institutions or organizations) to--
            (1) support transdisciplinary research to significantly 
        advance our understanding of water availability, quality, and 
        dynamics and the impact of human activity and a changing 
        climate on urban and rural water and wastewater systems, 
        including in low-income, underserved, and disadvantaged 
        communities;
            (2) develop, pilot, and deploy innovative technologies, 
        systems, and other approaches to identifying and addressing 
        challenges that affect water availability, quality, and 
        security, including through direct engagement with affected 
        communities and partnerships with the private sector, State, 
        territorial, Tribal, and local governments, non-profit 
        organizations and water management professionals; and
            (3) grow the scientific workforce capable of studying and 
        managing water and wastewater systems and of conducting 
        wastewater surveillance, through education, training, and other 
        professional development.

SEC. 10357. TECHNOLOGY AND BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE RESEARCH.

    (a) In General.--The Director shall make awards on a merit-
reviewed, competitive basis for research and development to--
            (1) increase understanding of social media and consumer 
        technology access and use patterns and related mental health, 
        behavioral, and substance use disorder issues, particularly for 
        children and adolescents; and
            (2) explore the role of social media and consumer 
        technology in rising rates of mental health and substance use 
        disorder issues, including within communities experiencing 
        long-term economic distress.
    (b) Coordination to Avoid Duplication.--In making awards under this 
subsection, the Director shall, for purposes of avoiding duplication of 
activities and research, consult, collaborate, and coordinate with the 
heads of other relevant Federal departments and agencies, including the 
Department of Health and Human Services.

SEC. 10358. MANUFACTURING RESEARCH AMENDMENT.

    Section 506(a) of the America COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 2010 
(42 U.S.C. 1862p-1(a)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (5), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (2) in paragraph (6)--
                    (A) by striking ``and'' before ``virtual 
                manufacturing''; and
                    (B) by striking the period at the end and inserting 
                ``; and artificial intelligence and machine learning; 
                and''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(7) additive manufacturing, including new material 
        designs, complex materials, rapid printing techniques, and 
        real-time process controls.''.

SEC. 10359. CRITICAL MINERALS MINING RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT.

    (a) Critical Minerals Mining Research and Development at the 
Foundation.--
            (1) In general.--In order to support supply chain 
        resiliency, the Director shall make awards, on a competitive 
        basis, to institutions of higher education or nonprofit 
        organizations (or consortia of such institutions or 
        organizations) to support basic research that will accelerate 
        innovation to advance critical minerals mining strategies and 
        technologies for the purpose of making better use of domestic 
        resources and eliminating national reliance on minerals and 
        mineral materials that are subject to supply disruptions.
            (2) Use of funds.--Activities funded by an award under this 
        section may include--
                    (A) advancing mining research and development 
                activities to develop new mapping and mining 
                technologies and techniques, including advanced 
                critical mineral extraction and production, separation, 
                alloying, or processing techniques and technologies 
                that can decrease energy intensity to improve existing 
                or to develop new supply chains of critical minerals, 
                and to yield more efficient, economical, and 
                environmentally benign mining practices;
                    (B) advancing critical mineral processing research 
                activities to improve separation, alloying, 
                manufacturing, or recycling techniques and technologies 
                that can decrease the energy intensity, waste, 
                potential environmental impact, and costs of those 
                activities;
                    (C) conducting long-term earth observation of 
                reclaimed mine sites, including the study of the 
                evolution of microbial diversity at such sites;
                    (D) examining the application of artificial 
                intelligence for geological exploration of critical 
                minerals, including what size and diversity of data 
                sets would be required;
                    (E) examining the application of machine learning 
                for detection and sorting of critical minerals, 
                including what size and diversity of data sets would be 
                required;
                    (F) conducting detailed isotope studies of critical 
                minerals and the development of more refined geologic 
                models;
                    (G) improved understanding of the geological and 
                geochemical processes through which critical minerals 
                form and are concentrated into economically viable 
                deposits; or
                    (H) providing training and research opportunities 
                to undergraduate and graduate students to prepare the 
                next generation of mining engineers and researchers.
            (3) Existing programs.--The Director shall ensure awards 
        made under this subsection are complementary and not 
        duplicative of existing programs across the Foundation and 
        Federal Government.
    (b) Critical Materials Interagency Subcommittee.--
            (1) In general.--The Critical Minerals Subcommittee of the 
        National Science and Technology Council (referred to in this 
        section as the ``Subcommittee''), shall coordinate Federal 
        science and technology efforts to ensure secure, reliable, and 
        environmentally sustainable supplies of critical materials to 
        the United States.
            (2) Purposes.--The purposes of the Subcommittee shall be--
                    (A) to advise and assist the National Science and 
                Technology Council, including the Committee on Homeland 
                and National Security, on United States policies, 
                procedures, and plans as it relates to critical 
                materials, including--
                            (i) Federal research, development, and 
                        commercial application efforts to minimize the 
                        environmental impacts of methods for 
                        extractions, concentration, separation and 
                        purification of conventional, secondary, and 
                        unconventional sources of critical materials;
                            (ii) efficient use, substitution, and reuse 
                        of critical materials;
                            (iii) the critical materials workforce of 
                        the United States; and
                            (iv) United States private industry 
                        investments in innovation and technology 
                        transfer from federally funded science and 
                        technology;
                    (B) to identify emerging opportunities, stimulate 
                international cooperation, and foster the development 
                of secure and reliable supply chains of critical 
                materials and establish scenario modeling systems for 
                supply problems of critical materials and energy 
                critical materials;
                    (C) to ensure the transparency of information and 
                data related to critical materials; and
                    (D) to provide recommendations on coordination and 
                collaboration among the research, development, and 
                deployment programs and activities of Federal agencies 
                to promote a secure and reliable supply of critical 
                materials necessary to maintain national security, 
                economic well-being, public health, and industrial 
                production.
            (3) Responsibilities.--In carrying out this subsection, the 
        Subcommittee may, taking into account the findings and 
        recommendations of relevant advisory committees--
                    (A) provide recommendations on how Federal agencies 
                may improve the topographic, geologic, and geophysical 
                mapping of the United States and improve the 
                discoverability, accessibility, and usability of the 
                resulting and existing data, to the extent permitted by 
                law and subject to appropriate limitation for purposes 
                of privacy and security;
                    (B) assess the progress towards developing critical 
                materials recycling and reprocessing technologies, and 
                technological alternatives to critical materials;
                    (C) establish a mechanism for the coordination and 
                evaluation of Federal programs with critical material 
                needs, including Federal programs involving research 
                and development, in a manner that complements related 
                efforts carried out by the private sector and other 
                domestic and international agencies and organizations;
                    (D) examine options for accessing and developing 
                critical materials through investment and trade with 
                our allies and partners and provide recommendations;
                    (E) evaluate and provide recommendations to 
                incentivize the development and use of advances in 
                science and technology in the private industry;
                    (F) assess the need for and make recommendations to 
                address the challenges the United States critical 
                materials supply chain workforce faces, including aging 
                and retiring personnel and faculty, and foreign 
                competition for United States talent;
                    (G) develop, and update as necessary, a strategic 
                plan to guide Federal programs and activities to 
                enhance scientific and technical capabilities across 
                critical material supply chains, including a roadmap 
                that identifies key research and development needs and 
                coordinates on-going activities for source 
                diversification, more efficient use, recycling, and 
                substitution for critical materials; as well as cross-
                cutting mining science, data science techniques, 
                materials science, manufacturing science and 
                engineering, computational modeling, and environmental 
                health and safety research and development;
                    (H) assess the need for, and make recommendations 
                concerning, the availability and adequacy of the supply 
                of technically trained personnel necessary for critical 
                materials research, development, extraction, and 
                industrial production, with a particular focus on the 
                problem of attracting and maintaining high-quality 
                professionals for maintaining an adequate supply of 
                energy critical materials; and
                    (I) report to the appropriate Congressional 
                committees on activities and findings under this 
                section.
    (c) Definitions of Critical Mineral and Critical Mineral or 
Metal.--In this section, the terms ``critical mineral'' and ``critical 
mineral or metal'' include any host mineral of a critical mineral 
(within the meaning of those terms in section 7002 of title VII of 
division Z of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 (Public Law 
116-260)).

SEC. 10360. STUDY OF AI RESEARCH CAPACITY.

    (a) In General.--The Director shall conduct a study or support the 
development of a study by a qualified independent organization as 
determined by the Director, on artificial intelligence research 
capacity at United States institutions of higher education.
    (b) Study Contents.--The Director shall ensure that, at a minimum, 
the study under subsection (a) addresses the following topics:
            (1) Which universities are putting out significant peer-
        reviewed artificial intelligence research, including based on 
        quantity and number of citations.
            (2) For each of the universities described in paragraph 
        (1), what specific factors enable their AI research, including 
        computing power, data set availability, specialized curriculum, 
        faculty and graduate students, sources of Federal and non-
        Federal research funding, and industry and other partnerships.
            (3) Promising practices at universities described in 
        paragraph (1) for advancing diversity, equity, and inclusion in 
        AI research programs.
            (4) Geographic diversity across the country of universities 
        with the factors identified in paragraph (2).
            (5) How universities not included in paragraph (1) could 
        implement the factors in paragraph (2) to produce AI research, 
        as well as case studies that universities can look to as 
        examples and potential pilot programs that the Federal 
        Government could develop or support to help universities 
        produce AI research.
    (c) Workshops.--The Director may support workshops to help inform 
the study required under this subsection.
    (d) Publication.--The Director shall ensure that the study carried 
out under this subsection is made publicly available not later than 12 
months after the date of enactment of this Act.
    (e) Avoid Duplication.--The Director shall ensure that the 
activities carried out under this section are not duplicative of 
activities supported by other parts of the Foundation or other relevant 
Federal agencies, including but not limited to the activities of the 
National AI Research Resource Task Force.

SEC. 10361. ADVANCING IOT FOR PRECISION AGRICULTURE CAPABILITIES ACT.

    (a) Short Title.--This section may be cited as the ``Advancing IoT 
for Precision Agriculture Act of 2021''.
    (b) Purpose.--It is the purpose of this section to promote 
scientific research and development opportunities for connected 
technologies that advance precision agriculture capabilities.
    (c) Foundation Directive on Agricultural Sensor Research.--In 
making awards under the sensor systems and networked systems programs 
of the Foundation, the Director shall include in consideration of 
portfolio balance research and development on sensor connectivity in 
environments of intermittent connectivity and intermittent 
computation--
            (1) to improve the reliable use of advance sensing systems 
        in rural and agricultural areas; and
            (2) that considers--
                    (A) direct gateway access for locally stored data;
                    (B) attenuation of signal transmission;
                    (C) loss of signal transmission; and
                    (D) at-scale performance for wireless power.
    (d) Updating Considerations for Precision Agriculture Technology 
Within the NSF Advanced Technical Education Program.--Section 3 of the 
Scientific and Advanced-Technology Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 1862i), as 
amended by section 10312, is further amended--
            (1) in subsection (d)(2), by adding at the end the 
        following:
                    ``(G) applications that incorporate distance 
                learning tools and approaches.''; and
            (2) in subsection (e)(3)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (C), by striking ``and'' after 
                the semicolon;
                    (B) in subparagraph (D), by striking the period at 
                the end and inserting ``; and''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(E) applications that incorporate distance 
                learning tools and approaches.''.
    (e) GAO Review.--Not later than 18 months after the date of 
enactment of this section, the Comptroller General of the United States 
shall provide--
            (1) a technology assessment of precision agriculture 
        technologies, such as the existing use of--
                    (A) sensors, scanners, radio-frequency 
                identification, and related technologies that can 
                monitor soil properties, irrigation conditions, and 
                plant physiology;
                    (B) sensors, scanners, radio-frequency 
                identification, and related technologies that can 
                monitor livestock activity and health;
                    (C) network connectivity and wireless 
                communications that can securely support digital 
                agriculture technologies in rural and remote areas;
                    (D) aerial imagery generated by satellites or 
                unmanned aerial vehicles;
                    (E) ground-based robotics;
                    (F) control systems design and connectivity, such 
                as smart irrigation control systems;
                    (G) Global Positioning System-based applications; 
                and
                    (H) data management software and advanced analytics 
                that can assist decision making and improve 
                agricultural outcomes; and
            (2) a review of Federal programs that provide support for 
        precision agriculture research, development, adoption, 
        education, or training, in existence on the date of enactment 
        of this section.

SEC. 10362. ASTRONOMY AND SATELLITE CONSTELLATIONS.

    The Director shall support research into and the design, 
development, and testing of mitigation measures to address the 
potential impact of satellite constellations on Foundation scientific 
programs by--
            (1) making awards on a competitive basis to support study 
        of the potential impacts of satellite constellations on ground-
        based optical, infrared, and radio astronomy, including through 
        existing programs such Spectrum and Wireless Innovation enabled 
        by Future Technologies (SWIFT) and the Spectrum Innovation 
        Initiative;
            (2) supporting research on potential satellite impacts and 
        benefits and mitigation strategies to be carried out at one or 
        more Foundation supported Federally Funded Research and 
        Development Centers or major multiuser research facilities as 
        defined in section 110(g) of the American Innovation and 
        Competitiveness Act (42 U.S.C. 1862s-2(g)), as appropriate; and
            (3) supporting workshops related to the potential impact of 
        satellite constellations on scientific research and how those 
        constellations could be used to improve scientific research.

SEC. 10363. RESEARCH ON THE IMPACT OF INFLATION.

    (a) In General.--The Director may make awards, on a competitive 
merit-reviewed basis, to institutions of higher education or nonprofit 
organizations (or consortia of such institutions or organizations) to 
support research to improve our understanding of the impact of 
inflation.
    (b) Use of Funds.--Activities funded by an award under this section 
may include--
            (1) measuring the economic impact of inflation on the 
        American people, including an analysis of cost-of-living and 
        wage impacts;
            (2) considering the impact of inflation on American 
        international competitiveness;
            (3) evaluating the impact of inflation on rural and 
        underserved communities throughout the country;
            (4) assessing the ways inflation could impact future 
        American generations; and
            (5) evaluating the impact of policymaking on inflation, 
        including the impact of further Government spending.
    (c) Coordination to Avoid Duplication.--In making awards under this 
section, the Director shall, for purposes of avoiding duplication of 
activities and research, consult, collaborate, and coordinate with the 
programs and policies of other relevant Federal agencies.

SEC. 10364. MICROGRAVITY UTILIZATION POLICY.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that space 
technology and the utilization of the microgravity environment for 
science, engineering, and technology development is critical to long-
term competitiveness with near-peer competitors, including China.
    (b) Policy.--To the extent appropriate during an award period, the 
Foundation shall facilitate access by recipients of Foundation awards 
to the microgravity environment, including in private sector platforms, 
for the development of science, engineering, and technology relevant to 
the award.
    (c) Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of 
this Act, the Director shall provide to the appropriate committees of 
Congress a report on the Foundation's plan for facilitating awardee 
access to the microgravity environment.

SEC. 10365. RECOGNITION OF THE ARECIBO OBSERVATORY.

    (a) Findings.--Congress finds the following:
            (1) The Department of Defense began developing the Arecibo 
        Observatory located in Barrio Esperanza, Arecibo, Puerto Rico, 
        during the 1950s, and its characteristic instrument, a large 
        radio telescope of 305 meters in diameter was completed in 
        1963.
            (2) The facility was later owned by the National Science 
        Foundation, and supported by the National Aeronautics and Space 
        Administration and various university partners.
            (3) The Arecibo Observatory's 305-meter fixed spherical 
        radio telescope, was the world's largest single-dish radio 
        telescope until the Five-Hundred-Meter Aperture Spherical Radio 
        Telescope located in Gizhou, China, began observing in 2016.
            (4) The 305-meter radio telescope made unparalleled 
        contributions to the fields of radio astronomy, planetary, and 
        atmospheric sciences, and played a role in inspiring thousands 
        of students in Puerto Rico, the Nation, and the world to pursue 
        careers in STEM fields through the Arecibo Observatory 
        Education and Public Outreach Programs.
            (5) The radio telescope significantly advanced the field of 
        radio astronomy, including the first indirect detection of 
        gravitational waves, the first detection of extrasolar planets, 
        innumerable contributions to the field of time domain astronomy 
        and the study of the interstellar medium, and played a key role 
        in the search for extraterrestrial intelligence.
            (6) The Arecibo Observatory had the best planetary radar 
        system in the world, used by the National Aeronautics and Space 
        Administration for near-Earth object detection and was an 
        essential part of the agency's planetary defense program.
            (7) The planetary radar at the Arecibo Observatory has 
        contributed fundamentally and significantly to the knowledge of 
        the solar system.
            (8) The Arecibo Observatory's Incoherent Scatter Radar and 
        supporting facilities have provided fundamental understanding 
        of the ionosphere and upper atmosphere, and the interface 
        between the atmosphere and space that protects the planet from 
        solar wind, meteors, and other potential threats.
            (9) December 1, 2021, marks the 1-year anniversary of the 
        uncontrolled collapse sustained by the radio telescope after a 
        series of cable failures in tower 4.
    (b) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that the 
Congress--
            (1) acknowledges the loss of the Arecibo Observatory's 
        radio telescope due to its collapse and its implications for 
        the loss of a unique world-class multidisciplinary science 
        facility which conducted research in the areas of space and 
        atmospheric sciences, radar astronomy and planetary sciences, 
        astronomy, and astrophysics;
            (2) acknowledges that the uncontrolled collapse of the 305-
        meter radio telescope represents a loss of astronomical 
        observation capabilities, scientific research and development, 
        planetary defense capabilities, and applied science 
        capabilities for the United States;
            (3) recognizes the rich scientific, educational, and 
        economic benefits that the Arecibo Telescope has made to the 
        people of Puerto Rico, the Nation, and the world;
            (4) recognizes the work and contributions made by the 
        thousands of dedicated staff who have supported the Arecibo 
        Observatory for close to 6 decades;
            (5) commends the National Science Foundation for convening 
        a virtual workshop in June 2021, to explore ideas for future 
        scientific and educational activities at the Arecibo 
        Observatory; and
            (6) encourages the National Science Foundation, in 
        consultation with other Federal agencies, to explore 
        opportunities for strengthening and expanding the role of the 
        Arecibo Observatory in Puerto Rico through education, outreach, 
        and diversity programs, and future research capabilities and 
        technology at the site.

                  Subtitle F--Research Infrastructure

SEC. 10371. FACILITY OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE.

    (a) In General.--The Director shall continue the Facility Operation 
Transition pilot program for a total of 5 years.
    (b) Cost Sharing.--The Facility Operation Transition program shall 
provide funding for 10 to 50 percent of the operations and maintenance 
costs for major research facilities that are within the first five 
years of operation, where the share is determined based on--
            (1) the operations and maintenance costs of the major 
        research facility; and
            (2) the capacity of the managing directorate or division to 
        absorb such costs.
    (c) Report.--After the fifth year of the pilot program, the 
Director shall transmit a report to Congress that includes--
            (1) an assessment, that includes feedback from the research 
        community, of the effectiveness of the pilot program for--
                    (A) supporting research directorates and divisions 
                in balancing investments in research grants and funding 
                for the initial operation and maintenance of major 
                facilities;
                    (B) incentivizing the development of new world-
                class facilities;
                    (C) facilitating interagency and international 
                partnerships;
                    (D) funding core elements of multi-disciplinary 
                facilities; and
                    (E) supporting facility divestment costs; and
            (2) if deemed effective, a plan for permanent 
        implementation of the pilot program.

SEC. 10372. REVIEWS.

    The Director shall periodically carry out reviews within each of 
the directorates and divisions to assess the cost and benefits of 
extending the operations of research facilities that have exceeded 
their planned operational lifespan.

SEC. 10373. HELIUM CONSERVATION.

    (a) Major Research Instrumentation Support.--
            (1) In general.--The Director shall support, through the 
        Major Research Instrumentation program, proposal requests that 
        include the purchase, installation, operation, and maintenance 
        of equipment and instrumentation to reduce consumption of 
        helium.
            (2) Cost sharing.--The Director may waive the cost-sharing 
        requirement for helium conservation measures for non-Ph.D.-
        granting institutions of higher education and Ph.D.-granting 
        institutions of higher education that are not ranked among the 
        top 100 institutions receiving Federal research and development 
        funding, as documented by the National Center for Science and 
        Engineering Statistics.
    (b) Annual Report.--No later than 1 year after the date of 
enactment of this Act and annually for the subsequent two years, the 
Director shall submit an annual report to Congress on the use of 
funding awarded by the Foundation for the purchase and conservation of 
helium. The report should include--
            (1) the volume and price of helium purchased;
            (2) changes in pricing and availability of helium; and
            (3) any supply disruptions impacting a substantial number 
        of institutions.

SEC. 10374. ADVANCED COMPUTING.

    (a) Computing Needs.--To gather information about the computational 
needs of Foundation-funded projects, the Director shall require award 
proposals submitted to the Foundation, as appropriate, to include 
estimates of computational resource needs for projects that require use 
of advanced computing. The Director shall encourage and provide access 
to tools that facilitate the inclusion of these measures, including 
those identified in the 2016 National Academies report entitled 
``Future Directions for NSF Advanced Computing Infrastructure to 
Support U.S. Science and Engineering in 2017-2020''.
    (b) Reports.--The Director shall document and publish every two 
years a summary of the amount and types of advanced computing 
capabilities that are needed to fully meet the Foundation's project 
needs as identified under subsection (a).
    (c) Roadmap.--To set priorities and guide strategic decisions 
regarding investments in advanced computing capabilities, the Director 
shall develop, publish, and regularly update a 5-year advanced 
computing roadmap that--
            (1) describes the advanced computing resources and 
        capabilities that would fully meet anticipated project needs, 
        including through investments in the Mid-Scale Research 
        Infrastructure program and the Major Research Equipment and 
        Facilities Construction account;
            (2) draws on community input, information contained in 
        research proposals, allocation requests, insights from 
        Foundation-funded cyber-infrastructure operators, and 
        Foundation-wide information gathering regarding community 
        needs;
            (3) considers computational needs of planned major 
        facilities;
            (4) reflects anticipated technology trends;
            (5) informs users and potential partners about future 
        facilities and services;
            (6) addresses the needs of groups historically 
        underrepresented in STEM and geographic regions with low 
        availability and high demand for advanced computing resources;
            (7) considers how Foundation-supported advanced computing 
        capabilities can be leveraged for activities through the 
        Directorate for Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships; and
            (8) provides an update to Congress about the level of 
        funding necessary to fully meet computational resource needs 
        for the research community.
    (d) Securing American Research From Cyber Theft.--
            (1) Networking and information technology research and 
        development update.--Section 101(a)(1) of the High-Performance 
        Computing Act of 1991 (15 U.S.C. 5511) is amended--
                    (A) by moving the margins of subparagraph (D) and 
                each of subparagraphs (J) through (O) two ems to the 
                left;
                    (B) by redesignating subparagraphs (J) through (O) 
                as subparagraphs (K) through (P), respectively; and
                    (C) by inserting after subparagraph (I) the 
                following:
                    ``(J) provide for improving the security, 
                reliability, and resiliency of computing and networking 
                systems used by institutions of higher education and 
                other nonprofit research institutions for the 
                processing, storage and transmission of sensitive 
                federally funded research and associated data;''.
            (2) Computing enclave pilot program.--
                    (A) In general.--The Director, in consultation with 
                the Director of the National Institute of Standards and 
                Technology and the Secretary of Energy, and the heads 
                of other relevant Federal departments and agencies, 
                shall establish a pilot program to make awards to 
                ensure the security of federally supported research 
                data and to assist regional institutions of higher 
                education and their researchers in compliance with 
                regulations regarding the safeguarding of sensitive 
                information and other relevant regulations and Federal 
                guidelines.
                    (B) Structure.--In carrying out the pilot program 
                established pursuant to subparagraph (A), the Director 
                shall select, for the development, installation, 
                maintenance, or sustainment of secure computing 
                enclaves, three institutions of higher education that 
                have an established graduate student program and a 
                demonstrated history of working with secure 
                information, consistent with appropriate security 
                protocols.
                    (C) Regionalization.--
                            (i) In general.--In selecting universities 
                        pursuant to subparagraph (B), the Director 
                        shall give preference to institutions of higher 
                        education with the capability of serving other 
                        regional universities.
                            (ii) Geographic dispersal.--The enclaves 
                        should be geographically dispersed to better 
                        meet the needs of regional interests.
                    (D) Program elements.--The Director shall work with 
                institutions of higher education selected pursuant to 
                subparagraph (B) to--
                            (i) develop an approved design blueprint 
                        for compliance with Federal data protection 
                        protocols;
                            (ii) develop a comprehensive and 
                        confidential list, or a bill of materials, of 
                        each binary component of the software, 
                        firmware, or product that is required to deploy 
                        additional secure computing enclaves;
                            (iii) develop templates for all policies 
                        and procedures required to operate the secure 
                        computing enclave in a research setting;
                            (iv) develop a system security plan 
                        template; and
                            (v) develop a process for managing a plan 
                        of action and milestones for the secure 
                        computing enclave.
                    (E) Sustainability.--In reviewing applications for 
                awards, the Director shall review and consider plans 
                and prospects of the applicant institution of higher 
                education to ensure long-term sustainability of the 
                computing enclave, beyond the availability of Federal 
                funds.
                    (F) Duration.--Subject to other availability of 
                appropriations, the pilot program established pursuant 
                to subparagraph (A) shall operate for not less than 3 
                years.
                    (G) Report.--
                            (i) In general.--The Director shall report 
                        to Congress not later than 6 months after the 
                        completion of the pilot program under 
                        subparagraph (A).
                            (ii) Contents.--The report required under 
                        clause (i) shall include--
                                    (I) an assessment of the pilot 
                                program under subparagraph (A), 
                                including an assessment of the security 
                                benefits provided by such secure 
                                computing enclaves;
                                    (II) recommendations related to the 
                                value of expanding the network of 
                                secure computing enclaves; and
                                    (III) recommendations on the 
                                efficacy of the use of secure computing 
                                enclaves by other Federal agencies in a 
                                broader effort to expand security of 
                                Federal research.
                    (H) Authorization of appropriations.--There is 
                authorized to be appropriated to the Director, 
                $38,000,000 for fiscal years 2023 through 2025, to 
                carry out the activities outlined in this paragraph.

SEC. 10375. NATIONAL SECURE DATA SERVICE.

    (a) In General.--The Director, in consultation with the Director of 
the Office of Management and Budget and the interagency committee 
established under section 5103 of the National Artificial Intelligence 
Initiative Act of 2020 (15 U.S.C. 9415), shall establish a 
demonstration project to develop, refine, and test models to inform the 
full implementation of the Commission on Evidence-Based Policymaking 
recommendation for a governmentwide data linkage and access 
infrastructure for statistical activities conducted for statistical 
purposes, as defined in chapter 35 of title 44, United States Code.
    (b) Establishment.--Not later than one year after the date of 
enactment of this Act, the Director shall establish a National Secure 
Data Service demonstration project. The National Secure Data Service 
demonstration project shall be--
            (1) aligned with the principles, best practices, and 
        priority actions recommended by the Advisory Committee on Data 
        for Evidence Building, to the extent feasible; and
            (2) operated directly by or via a contract that is managed 
        by the National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics.
    (c) Data.--In carrying out this section, the Director shall engage 
with Federal and State agencies to collect, acquire, analyze, report, 
and disseminate statistical data in the United States and other nations 
to support governmentwide evidence-building activities consistent with 
the Foundations for Evidence-Based Policymaking Act of 2018.
    (d) Voluntary Participation.--Participation in the National Secure 
Data Service demonstration project by Federal and State agencies shall 
be voluntary.
    (e) Privacy and Confidentiality Protections.--If the Director 
issues a management contract under subsection (b), the recipient shall 
be designated as an ``agent'' under subchapter III of chapter 35 of 
title 44, United States Code, with all requirements and obligations for 
protecting confidential information delineated in the Confidential 
Information Protection and Statistical Efficiency Act of 2018 and the 
Privacy Act of 1974.
    (f) Technology and Privacy Standards.--In carrying out this 
subsection, the Director shall--
            (1) consider application and use only of systems and 
        technologies that incorporate protection measures to reasonably 
        ensure confidential data and statistical products are protected 
        in accordance with obligations under subchapter III of chapter 
        35 of title 44, United States Code, including systems and 
        technologies that ensure--
                    (A) raw data and other sensitive inputs are not 
                accessible to recipients of statistical outputs from 
                the National Secure Data Service demonstration project;
                    (B) no individual entity's data or information is 
                revealed by the National Secure Data Service 
                demonstration project platform to any other party in an 
                identifiable form;
                    (C) no information about the data assets used in 
                the National Secure Data Service demonstration project 
                is revealed to any other party, except as incorporated 
                into the final statistical output;
                    (D) the National Secure Data Service demonstration 
                project permits only authorized analysts to perform 
                statistical queries necessary to answer approved 
                project questions, and prohibits any other queries; and
                    (E) the National Secure Data Service demonstration 
                project conducts privacy risk assessments to minimize 
                the privacy risks to individual entities whose data has 
                been made available by a reporting entity, including 
                those privacy risks that could result from data 
                breaches of any system operated by the reporting 
                entity, as well as for determining approved project 
                questions under subparagraph (D) to minimize the 
                privacy risks to individuals affected by uses of the 
                statistical output; and
            (2) the National Secure Data Service demonstration project 
        shall implement reasonable measures commensurate with the risks 
        to individuals' privacy to achieve the outcomes under 
        subparagraphs (A) through (E) of paragraph (1), which may 
        include the appropriate application of privacy-enhancing 
        technologies and appropriate measures to minimize or prevent 
        reidentification risks consistent with any applicable guidance 
        or regulations issued under subchapter III of chapter 35 of 
        title 44, United States Code.
    (g) Transparency.--The National Secure Data Service established 
under subsection (b) shall maintain a public website with up-to-date 
information on supported projects.
    (h) Report.--Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of 
this Act, the National Secure Data Service demonstration project 
established under subsection (b) shall submit a report to Congress that 
includes--
            (1) a description of policies for protecting data, 
        consistent with applicable Federal law;
            (2) a comprehensive description of all completed or active 
        data linkage activities and projects;
            (3) an assessment of the effectiveness of the demonstration 
        project for mitigating risks and removing barriers to a 
        sustained implementation of the National Secure Data Service as 
        recommended by the Commission on Evidence-Based Policymaking; 
        and
            (4) if deemed effective by the Director, a plan for scaling 
        up the demonstration project to facilitate data access for 
        evidence building while ensuring transparency and privacy.
    (i) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to the Director to carry out this subsection $9,000,000 
for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027.

  Subtitle G--Directorate for Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships

SEC. 10381. ESTABLISHMENT.

    There is established within the Foundation the Directorate for 
Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships to advance research and 
development, technology development, and related solutions to address 
United States societal, national, and geostrategic challenges, for the 
benefit of all Americans.

SEC. 10382. PURPOSES.

    The purposes of the Directorate established under section 10381 are 
to--
            (1) support use-inspired and translational research and 
        accelerate the development and use of federally funded 
        research;
            (2) strengthen United States competitiveness by 
        accelerating the development of key technologies; and
            (3) grow the domestic workforce in key technology focus 
        areas, and expand the participation of United States students 
        and researchers in areas of societal, national, and 
        geostrategic importance, at all levels of education.

SEC. 10383. ACTIVITIES.

    Subject to the availability of appropriated funds, the Director 
shall achieve the purposes described in section 10382 by making awards 
through the Directorate that--
            (1) support transformational advances in use-inspired and 
        translational research and technology development, including 
        through diverse funding mechanisms and models at different 
        scales, to include convergence accelerators and projects 
        designed to achieve specific technology metrics or objectives;
            (2) encourage the translation of research into innovations, 
        processes, and products, including by--
                    (A) engaging researchers on topics relevant to 
                United States societal, national, and geostrategic 
                challenges, including by educating researchers on 
                engaging with end users and the public;
                    (B) advancing novel approaches and reducing 
                barriers to technology transfer, including through 
                intellectual property frameworks between academia and 
                industry, nonprofit entities, venture capital 
                communities, and approaches to technology transfer for 
                applications with public benefit that may not rely on 
                traditional commercialization tools; and
                    (C) establishing partnerships that connect 
                researchers and research products to businesses, 
                accelerators, and incubators that enable research 
                uptake, prototype development and scaling, 
                entrepreneurial education, and the formation and growth 
                of new companies;
            (3) develop mutually-beneficial research and technology 
        development partnerships and collaborations among institutions 
        of higher education, including historically Black colleges and 
        universities, Tribal Colleges or Universities, minority-serving 
        institutions, emerging research institutions, EPSCoR 
        institutions, and nonprofit organizations, labor organizations, 
        businesses and other for-profit entities, Federal or State 
        agencies, local or Tribal governments, civil society 
        organizations, other Foundation directorates, national labs, 
        field stations and marine laboratories, and, as appropriate, 
        international entities and binational research and development 
        foundations and funds, excluding foreign entities of concern;
            (4) partner with other directorates and offices of the 
        Foundation for specific projects or research areas including--
                    (A) to pursue basic questions about natural, human, 
                and physical phenomena that could enable advances in 
                the challenges and key technology focus areas under 
                section 10387;
                    (B) to study questions that could affect the design 
                (including human interfaces), safety, security, 
                operation, deployment, or the social and ethical 
                consequences of technologies and innovations in the 
                challenges and key technology focus areas under section 
                10387, including the development of technologies and 
                innovations that complement or enhance the abilities of 
                workers and impact of specific innovations on domestic 
                jobs and equitable opportunity; and
                    (C) to further the creation of a domestic workforce 
                capable of advancing, using, and adapting to the key 
                technology focus areas;
            (5) build capacity and infrastructure for use-inspired and 
        translational research at institutions of higher education 
        across the United States, including by making awards to support 
        administrative activities that advance development, operation, 
        integration, deployment, and sharing of innovation;
            (6) support the education, mentoring, and training of 
        undergraduate students, graduate students, and postdoctoral 
        researchers, to both advance use-inspired and translational 
        research and to address workforce challenges, through 
        scholarships, fellowships, and traineeships; and
            (7) identify social, behavioral, and economic drivers and 
        consequences of technological innovations that could enable 
        advances in the challenges and key technology focus areas under 
        section 10387.

SEC. 10384. REQUIREMENTS.

    In carrying out the activities under the Directorate, the Director 
shall ensure the programmatic work of the Directorate and Foundation--
            (1) utilizes the full potential of the United States 
        workforce by avoiding undue geographic concentration of 
        research and development and education funding across the 
        United States, and encourages broader participation in the key 
        technology focus area workforce by populations historically 
        underrepresented in STEM; and
            (2) incorporates a worker perspective through participation 
        by labor organizations and workforce training organizations.

SEC. 10385. ASSISTANT DIRECTOR.

    (a) In General.--The Director shall appoint an Assistant Director 
responsible for the management of the Directorate established under 
this subtitle, in the same manner as other Assistant Directors of the 
Foundation are appointed.
    (b) Qualifications.--The Assistant Director shall be an individual, 
who by reason of professional background and experience, is specially 
qualified to--
            (1) advise the Director on all matters pertaining to use-
        inspired and translational research, development, and 
        commercialization at the Foundation, including partnership with 
        the private sector and other users of Foundation funded 
        research; and
            (2) develop and implement the necessary policies and 
        procedures to promote a culture of use-inspired and 
        translational research within the Directorate and across the 
        Foundation and carry out the responsibilities under subsection 
        (c).
    (c) Responsibilities.--The responsibilities of the Assistant 
Director shall include--
            (1) advising the Director on all matters pertaining to use-
        inspired and translational research and development activities 
        at the Foundation, including effective practices for 
        convergence research, and the potential impact of Foundation 
        research on United States societal, national and geostrategic 
        challenges;
            (2) identifying opportunities for and facilitating 
        coordination and collaboration, where appropriate, on use-
        inspired and translational research, development, adoption, and 
        commercialization--
                    (A) among the offices, directorates, and divisions 
                within the Foundation; and
                    (B) between the Foundation and stakeholders in 
                academia, the private sector, including non-profit 
                entities, labor organizations, Federal or State 
                agencies, and international entities, as appropriate;
            (3) ensuring that the activities carried out under this 
        subtitle do not substantially and unnecessarily duplicate 
        activities supported by other parts of the Foundation or other 
        relevant Federal agencies;
            (4) approving all new programs within the Directorate;
            (5) developing and testing diverse merit-review models and 
        mechanisms for selecting and providing awards for use-inspired 
        and translational research and development at different scales, 
        from individual investigator awards to large multi-institution 
        collaborations;
            (6) assessing the success of programs;
            (7) administering awards to achieve the purposes described 
        in section 10382; and
            (8) performing other such duties pertaining to the purposes 
        in section 10382 as are required by the Director.
    (d) Relationship to the Director.--The Assistant Director shall 
report to the Director.
    (e) Relationship to Other Programs.--No other directorate within 
the Foundation shall report to the Assistant Director.

SEC. 10386. ADVISORY COMMITTEE.

    (a) In General.--In accordance with the Federal Advisory Committee 
Act (5 U.S.C. App.) the Director shall establish an advisory committee 
to assess, and make recommendations regarding, the activities carried 
out under this subtitle.
    (b) Membership.--The advisory committee members shall--
            (1) be individuals with relevant experience or expertise, 
        including individuals from industry and national labs, 
        educators, academic subject matter experts, including 
        individuals with knowledge of key technology focus areas and 
        their impact on United States national security and 
        geostrategic leadership, the technical and social dimensions of 
        science and technology, technology transfer experts, labor 
        organizations, representatives of civil society, and other 
        nongovernmental organizations; and
            (2) consist of at least 10 members broadly representative 
        of stakeholders, including no less than 3 members from the 
        private sector, none of whom shall be an employee of the 
        Federal Government, and no less than 1 member with significant 
        expertise in United States national security and economic 
        competitiveness.
    (c) Responsibilities.--The Committee's responsibilities shall 
include--
            (1) reviewing and advising on activities carried out under 
        this subtitle;
            (2) proposing strategies for fulfilling the purposes in 
        section 10382;
            (3) proposing potential areas of research, particularly as 
        relevant to United States societal, national, and geostrategic 
        challenges; and
            (4) other relevant issues as determined by the Director.

SEC. 10387. CHALLENGES AND FOCUS AREAS.

    (a) In General.--In consultation with the Assistant Director, the 
Board, and the interagency working group established under subtitle F 
of title VI, the Director shall identify, and annually review and 
update as appropriate, a list of--
            (1) not more than 5 United States societal, national, and 
        geostrategic challenges that may be addressed by technology to 
        guide activities under this subtitle; and
            (2) not more than 10 key technology focus areas to guide 
        activities under this subtitle.
    (b) Initial List of Societal, National, and Geostrategic 
Challenges.--The initial list of societal, national, and geostrategic 
challenges are the following:
            (1) United States national security.
            (2) United States manufacturing and industrial 
        productivity.
            (3) United States workforce development and skills gaps.
            (4) Climate change and environmental sustainability.
            (5) Inequitable access to education, opportunity, or other 
        services.
    (c) Initial List of Key Technology Focus Areas.--The initial list 
of key technology focus areas are the following:
            (1) Artificial intelligence, machine learning, autonomy, 
        and related advances.
            (2) High performance computing, semiconductors, and 
        advanced computer hardware and software.
            (3) Quantum information science and technology.
            (4) Robotics, automation, and advanced manufacturing.
            (5) Natural and anthropogenic disaster prevention or 
        mitigation.
            (6) Advanced communications technology and immersive 
        technology.
            (7) Biotechnology, medical technology, genomics, and 
        synthetic biology.
            (8) Data storage, data management, distributed ledger 
        technologies, and cybersecurity, including biometrics.
            (9) Advanced energy and industrial efficiency technologies, 
        such as batteries and advanced nuclear technologies, including 
        but not limited to for the purposes of electric generation 
        (consistent with section 15 of the National Science Foundation 
        Act of 1950 (42 U.S.C. 1874).
            (10) Advanced materials science, including composites 2D 
        materials, other next-generation materials, and related 
        manufacturing technologies.
    (d) Relationship Between United States Societal, National, and 
Geostrategic Challenges and Key Technology Focus Areas.--
            (1) In updating the list under subsection (a)(1), the 
        Director shall evaluate national and global technology trends.
            (2) In updating the list under subsection (a)(2), the 
        Director shall consider the impact of the selected technologies 
        on United States societal, national, and geostrategic 
        challenges.
            (3) The list under subsection (a)(2) may, but is not 
        required to, align directly with the list under subsection 
        (a)(1).
            (4) Nothing under this section shall prevent the Director 
        from making limited investments in technologies or areas not 
        identified in subsection (a)(1) or subsection (a)(2).
    (e) Review and Updates.--The Director, in coordination with the 
interagency working group established under subtitle F of title VI and 
in consultation with the Director of National Intelligence and the 
Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, shall annually review 
and update as appropriate, the list of key technology focus areas for 
purposes of this division. As part of the annual review, the Director--
            (1) shall consider input from relevant industries and 
        stakeholders;
            (2) may consider the challenges and recommendations 
        identified in the reports required by sections 206 and 206B of 
        the National Science and Technology Policy, Organization, and 
        Priorities Act of 1976, as added by section 10611 and 10613 of 
        this division and in other relevant reports, such as technology 
        and global trend reports from the defense and intelligence 
        communities;
            (3) shall consider the potential impact of the key 
        technology focus areas on addressing societal, national, and 
        geostrategic challenges; and
            (4) subject to the limitation under subsection (a), may add 
        or delete key technology focus areas in light of shifting 
        national needs or competitive threats to the United States 
        (including for reasons of the United States or other countries 
        having advanced or fallen behind in a technological area).
    (f) Reporting.--At the conclusion of the annual review and update 
process required by subsection (e), the Director, in consultation with 
other Federal research agencies, as appropriate, shall deliver a report 
to Congress detailing--
            (1) the key technology focus areas and rationale for their 
        selection;
            (2) the societal, national, and geostrategic challenges and 
        rationale for their selection;
            (3) the role of the Foundation in advancing the key 
        technology focus areas;
            (4) the impact, including to the academic research 
        community, of any changes to the key technology focus areas; 
        and
            (5) the activities and partnerships between the Directorate 
        and the private sector.
    (g) Detailed Description.--The National Science Foundation shall, 
in coordination with the Office of Management and Budget, submit as 
part of their annual budget requests to Congress, a detailed 
description of the activities to be funded under this subtitle, 
including an explanation of how the requested funding is complementary 
and not redundant of programs, efforts, and infrastructure undertaken 
or supported by other relevant Federal agencies.
    (h) National Academies.--Not later than 5 years after the date of 
enactment of this Act, the Director shall contract with the National 
Academies to conduct a review of the key technology focus areas and the 
societal, national, and geostrategic challenges, including--
            (1) an assessment of their selection process;
            (2) an assessment of their relevance to the purposes of the 
        Directorate, including to solving challenges with social, 
        economic, health, scientific, and national security 
        implications;
            (3) a review of whether Federal investment in the key 
        technology focus areas have resulted in new domestic 
        manufacturing capacity and job creation;
            (4) an assessment of any critical, new emerging areas;
            (5) an assessment of Federal investments in education and 
        workforce development to support the key technology focus 
        areas; and
            (6) an assessment of relative balance in leadership in 
        addressing the key technology focus areas between the United 
        States, allied and partner countries, and the People's Republic 
        of China.

SEC. 10388. REGIONAL INNOVATION ENGINES.

    (a) In General.--From amounts made available to the Directorate, 
the Director shall make awards to eligible entities for the planning, 
establishment, and support of Regional Innovation Engines.
    (b) Purpose.--The purpose of the Regional Innovation Engines shall 
be to--
            (1) advance multidisciplinary, collaborative, use-inspired 
        and translational research, technology development, in key 
        technology focus areas;
            (2) address regional, national, societal, or geostrategic 
        challenges;
            (3) leverage the expertise of multi-disciplinary and multi- 
        sector partners, including partners from private industry, 
        nonprofit organizations, and civil society organizations; and
            (4) support the development of scientific, innovation, 
        entrepreneurial, and STEM educational capacity within the 
        region of the Regional Innovation Engine to grow and sustain 
        regional innovation.
    (c) Uses of Funds.--Funds awarded under this section may be used by 
a Regional Innovation Engine to--
            (1) conduct use-inspired and translational research and 
        technology development to advance innovation in at least one of 
        the key technology focus areas and to help solve a compelling 
        regional, national, societal, or geostrategic challenge;
            (2) further the development, adoption, and 
        commercialization of innovations in key technology focus areas, 
        including through support for proof-of-concept development, and 
        through partnership with other Federal agencies and Federal 
        laboratories, industry, including startup companies, labor 
        organizations, civil society organizations, and State, 
        territorial, local, and Tribal governments;
            (3) develop and manage, or facilitate access to, test beds 
        and instrumentation, which may include fabrication facilities 
        and cyberinfrastructure, to advance the development, 
        integration, and demonstration of new, innovative technologies, 
        including hardware or software;
            (4) establish traineeship programs for graduate students 
        who pursue degrees and research related to the key technology 
        focus areas leading to a masters or doctorate degree by 
        providing funding and other assistance, and opportunities for 
        research experiences in government or industry related to the 
        students' studies;
            (5) engage in outreach and engagement in the region to 
        broaden participation in the activities of the Regional 
        Innovation Engine; and
            (6) reimburse, in part or in whole, the cost of 
        instrumentation, technology transfer, and commercialization 
        activities, including patenting and licensing, and for 
        operations and staff, as the Director determines appropriate.
    (d) Selection Process.--In making awards under this subtitle, the 
Director shall consider, in addition to the scientific and technical 
merit of the proposal, the extent to which the activities and locations 
proposed--
            (1) have the potential to create an innovation ecosystem, 
        or enhance existing ecosystems and contribute to job creation 
        in a region;
            (2) demonstrate a capacity to engage and partner with 
        multiple types of institutions of higher education, industry, 
        labor, nonprofit organizations, civil society organizations, 
        other Federal agencies, Federal laboratories, State, local, and 
        Tribal governments, and other appropriate organizations, 
        including to inform research directions and account for 
        ethical, societal, safety, and security implications relevant 
        to the potential applications of the research;
            (3) demonstrate a capacity to broaden participation of 
        populations historically underrepresented in STEM in the 
        activities of the Regional Innovation Engine; and
            (4) demonstrate a plan and capability to prevent the 
        inappropriate use or dissemination of the research and 
        technology, including research results, data, and intellectual 
        property, as appropriate and consistent with the requirements 
        of the relevant award.
    (e) Requirements.--
            (1) Eligibility.--For the purposes of this section, an 
        ``eligible entity'' means an institution of higher education, a 
        nonprofit organization, a private sector entity, or a 
        consortium thereof.
            (2) Partnerships.--To be eligible for an award under this 
        section an eligible entity--
                    (A) shall include in its proposal partnership with 
                1 or more institution that is--
                            (i) a historically Black college or 
                        university;
                            (ii) a Tribal College or University;
                            (iii) a minority-serving institution;
                            (iv) an EPSCoR institution;
                            (v) an emerging research institution; or
                            (vi) a community college;
                    (B) may include partnership with 1 or more--
                            (i) additional entities described in 
                        paragraph (2)(A);
                            (ii) industry entities, including startups, 
                        small businesses, and public-private 
                        partnerships;
                            (iii) economic development organizations or 
                        venture development organizations, as such 
                        terms are defined in section 28(a) of the 
                        Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 
                        1980 (15 U.S.C. 13701 et seq.), as added by 
                        section 10621 of this division;
                            (iv) National Laboratories;
                            (v) Federal laboratories, as defined in 
                        section 4 of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology 
                        Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3703);
                            (vi) Federal research facilities;
                            (vii) labor organizations;
                            (viii) entities described in paragraph (1) 
                        or (2) from allied or partner countries;
                            (ix) other entities to be vital to the 
                        success of the program, as determined by the 
                        Director;
                            (x) binational research and development 
                        foundations and funds, excluding those 
                        affiliated with foreign entities of concern, as 
                        defined in section 10612; and
                            (xi) Engineer Research and Development 
                        Center laboratories of the Army Corps of 
                        Engineers; and
                    (C) shall include as part of its proposal a plan 
                for--
                            (i) establishing a sustained partnership 
                        that is jointly developed and managed, draws 
                        from the capacities of each institution, and is 
                        mutually beneficial; and
                            (ii) documents governance and management 
                        plans, financial contributions from non-Federal 
                        sources, and plans for ownership and use of any 
                        intellectual property.
            (3) Promoting partnerships.--In making awards under this 
        section, the Director shall encourage applicants for a Regional 
        Innovation Engine that include multiple regional partners as 
        described in subsection (e)(2).
            (4) Geographic distribution.--In making awards under this 
        section, the Director shall take into consideration the extent 
        to which the proposals expand the geographic distribution of 
        the Regional Innovation Engines, including by giving special 
        consideration to rural-serving institutions of higher 
        education.
            (5) Resource availability.--The Director shall ensure that 
        any eligible entity receiving an award under this section 
        shall--
                    (A) provide information on relevant currently 
                existing resources available to the proposing team from 
                all internal and external sources, including all 
                partner organizations; and
                    (B) include letters of collaboration from partner 
                organizations that include information on resource 
                contributions committed by such partners.
    (f) Collaboration With Regional Technology Hubs.--Each Regional 
Innovation Engine established under this section may collaborate and 
participate in, as appropriate, the activities of any regional 
technology hub designated under section 28 of the Stevenson-Wydler 
Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3701 et seq.), as added by 
section 10621.
    (g) Duration.--
            (1) Initial period.--An award under this section shall be 
        for an initial period of 5 years.
            (2) Renewal.--An established Regional Innovation Engine may 
        apply for, and the Director may award, extended funding for 
        periods of 5 years on a merit-reviewed basis.
    (h) Competitive, Merit-review.--In making awards under this 
section, the Director shall--
            (1) use a competitive, merit review process that includes 
        peer review by a diverse group of individuals with relevant 
        expertise from both the private and public sectors; and
            (2) ensure the focus areas of the Regional Innovation 
        Engines do not substantially and unnecessarily duplicate the 
        efforts of any other Regional Innovation Engine or any other 
        similar effort at another Federal agency.
    (i) Collaboration.--In making awards under this section, the 
Director may collaborate with Federal departments and agencies whose 
missions contribute to or are affected by the technology focus area of 
the institute.

SEC. 10389. TRANSLATION ACCELERATOR.

    (a) In General.--The Director shall establish Translation 
Accelerators to further the research, development, and 
commercialization of innovation in the key technology focus areas.
    (b) Partnerships.--
            (1) In general.--Each Translation Accelerator shall be 
        comprised of a partnership including 2 or more of the following 
        entities:
                    (A) An institution of higher education.
                    (B) A for-profit company.
                    (C) A nonprofit organization.
                    (D) A Federal agency.
                    (E) Another entity, if that entity is determined by 
                the Director to be vital to the success of the program.
            (2) Institutional or organizational level.--The Director 
        shall work to ensure that such partnerships exist at the 
        institutional or organization level, rather than solely at the 
        principal investigator level.
            (3) Cost share.--Not less than 25 percent of the funding 
        for an institute shall be provided by non-Federal entities.
            (4) Number of centers and institutes established.--The 
        Director shall endeavor to establish a balance in the number of 
        Regional Innovation Engines and Translation Accelerators.
    (c) Authorization of Appropriations.--From within funds authorized 
for the Directorate for Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships, there 
are authorized to carry out the activities under this section and 
section 10388 $6,500,000,000 for fiscal years 2023 through 2027.

SEC. 10390. TEST BEDS.

    (a) Program Authorized.--
            (1) In general.--From amounts made available for the 
        Directorate, the Director, in coordination with the Director of 
        the National Institute of Standards and Technology, the 
        Secretary of Energy, and other Federal agencies, as determined 
        appropriate by the Director, shall establish a program in the 
        Directorate to make awards, on a competitive basis, to 
        institutions of higher education, nonprofit organizations, or 
        consortia thereof to establish and operate test beds, which may 
        include fabrication facilities and cyberinfrastructure, to 
        advance the development, operation, integration, deployment, 
        and, as appropriate, demonstration of new, innovative critical 
        technologies, which may include hardware or software.
            (2) Coordination.--In establishing new test beds under this 
        section, the Director shall ensure coordination with other test 
        beds supported by the Foundation or other Federal agencies to 
        avoid duplication and maximize the use of Federal resources.
    (b) Proposals.--An applicant for an award under this section shall 
submit a proposal to the Director, at such time, in such manner, and 
containing such information as the Director may reasonably require. The 
proposal shall, at a minimum, describe--
            (1) the technology or technologies that will be the focus 
        of the test bed;
            (2) the goals of the work to be done at the test bed;
            (3) how the applicant will assemble a workforce with the 
        skills needed to operate the test bed;
            (4) how the applicant will ensure broad access to the test 
        bed;
            (5) how the applicant will collaborate with firms in 
        critical technologies, including through coordinated research 
        and development and funding, to ensure that work in the test 
        bed will contribute to the commercial viability of any 
        technologies and will include collaboration from industry and 
        labor organizations;
            (6) how the applicant will encourage the participation of 
        inventors and entrepreneurs and the development of new 
        businesses;
            (7) how the applicant will increase participation by 
        populations that are underrepresented in STEM;
            (8) how the applicant will demonstrate that the commercial 
        viability of any new technologies will support the creation of 
        high-quality domestic jobs;
            (9) how the test bed will operate after Federal funding has 
        ended;
            (10) how the test bed will disseminate lessons and other 
        technical information to United States entities or allied or 
        partner country entities in the United States; and
            (11) how the applicant plans to take measures to prevent 
        the inappropriate use of research results, data, and 
        intellectual property, as applicable and consistent with the 
        requirements of the award.
    (c) Authorized Use of Funds.--A recipient of an award under this 
section may, consistent with the purposes of this section, use the 
award for the purchase of equipment and for the support of students, 
faculty and staff, and postdoctoral researchers.
    (d) Geographic Diversity.--In selecting award recipients under this 
section, the Director shall consider the extent to which proposals 
would expand the geographic diversity of test beds.

SEC. 10391. PLANNING AND CAPACITY BUILDING AWARDS.

    (a) In General.--Under the program established in section 508 of 
the America COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 1862p-2) 
and the activities authorized under this section, from amounts made 
available to the Directorate, the Director, in coordination with other 
Federal agencies as determined appropriate by the Director, shall make 
awards, on a competitive basis, to eligible entities to advance the 
development, adoption, and commercialization of technologies, 
consistent with the purposes of the Directorate under section 10382.
    (b) Eligible Entity.--To be eligible to receive an award under this 
section, an entity shall be--
            (1) an institution of higher education, which may be a 
        community college (or a consortium of such institutions);
            (2) a nonprofit organization that is either affiliated with 
        an institution of higher education or designed to support 
        technology development or entrepreneurship; or
            (3) a consortium that includes--
                    (A) an entity described in paragraph (1) or (2) as 
                the lead award recipient; and
                    (B) one or more additional individuals or entities, 
                which shall be--
                            (i) an economic development organization or 
                        similar entity that is focused primarily on 
                        improving science, technology, innovation, or 
                        entrepreneurship;
                            (ii) an industry organization or firm in a 
                        relevant technology or innovation sector;
                            (iii) an industry-experienced executive 
                        with entrepreneurship experience that is 
                        focused primarily on de-risking technologies 
                        from both a scientific and a business 
                        perspective; or
                            (iv) an individual or entity with industry 
                        and startup expertise, including a mentor 
                        network, across relevant technology or 
                        innovation sectors.
    (c) Use of Funds.--In addition to activities listed under section 
10383, an eligible entity receiving an award under this section may use 
funds to--
            (1) identify academic research with the potential for 
        technology transfer and commercialization, particularly as 
        relevant to the purposes of the Directorate under section 
        10382;
            (2) ensure the availability of staff, including technology 
        transfer professionals, entrepreneurs in residence, and other 
        mentors as required to accomplish the purpose of this section;
            (3) help offset the costs of patenting and licensing 
        research products, both domestically and internationally;
            (4) revise institution policies, including policies related 
        to intellectual property and faculty entrepreneurship, and 
        taking other necessary steps to implement relevant best 
        practices for academic technology transfer;
            (5) develop local, regional, and national partnerships 
        among institutions of higher education and between institutions 
        of higher education and private sector entities and other 
        relevant organizations, including investors, with the purpose 
        of building networks, expertise, and other capacity to identify 
        promising research that may have potential market value and 
        enable researchers to pursue further development and transfer 
        of their ideas into possible commercial or other use;
            (6) develop seminars, courses, and other educational 
        opportunities for students, post-doctoral researchers, faculty, 
        and other relevant staff at institutions of higher education to 
        increase awareness and understanding of entrepreneurship, 
        patenting, business planning, research security, and other 
        areas relevant to technology transfer, and connect students and 
        researchers to relevant resources, including mentors in the 
        private sector; and
            (7) create, support, or fund entities or competitions to 
        allow entrepreneurial students and faculty to illustrate the 
        commercialization potential of their ideas, including through 
        venture funds of institution of higher education.
    (d) Limitations on Funding.--
            (1) Awards made under this section shall be at least 3 
        years in duration and shall not exceed $1,000,000 per fiscal 
        year.
            (2) Awards made under this section shall not support the 
        development or operation of capital investment funds.
    (e) Application.--An eligible entity seeking funding under this 
section shall submit an application to the Director at such time, in 
such manner, and containing such information and assurances as such 
Director may require. The application shall include, at a minimum, a 
description of--
            (1) how the eligible entity submitting an application plans 
        to sustain the proposed activities beyond the duration of the 
        award;
            (2) the steps the applicant will take to enable technology 
        transfer and adoption and why such steps are likely to be 
        effective;
            (3) how the applicant will encourage the training and 
        participation of students and potential entrepreneurs and the 
        transition of research results to practice, including the 
        development of new businesses;
            (4) as relevant, potential steps to drive economic growth 
        in a particular region, by collaborating with industry, venture 
        capital entities, non-profit organizations, and State and local 
        governments within that region; and
            (5) background information that the Director determines is 
        relevant to demonstrate the success of the innovation and 
        entrepreneurship support models proposed by the applicant to 
        commercialize technologies.
    (f) Collaborative Innovation Resource Center Program.--
            (1) In general.--The Director shall make awards under this 
        section to eligible entities to establish collaborative 
        innovation resource centers that promote regional technology 
        transfer and technology development activities available to 
        more than one institution of higher education and to other 
        entities in a region.
            (2) Use of funds.--An eligible entity that receives an 
        award under this subsection shall use award funds to carry out 
        one or more of the following activities, to the benefit of the 
        region in which the center is located:
                    (A) Providing start-ups and small business concerns 
                (as defined in section 3 of the Small Business Act (15 
                U.S.C. 632)) within the region with access to 
                facilities, scientific infrastructure, personnel, and 
                other assets as required for technology maturation.
                    (B) Supporting entrepreneurial training for start-
                up and small business personnel.
            (3) Providing engineering and entrepreneurial experiences 
        and hands-on training for students enrolled in participating 
        institutions of higher education.
    (g) Reporting on Commercialization Metrics.--The Director shall 
establish--
            (1) metrics related to commercialization for an award under 
        this section; and
            (2) a reporting schedule for recipients of such awards that 
        takes into account both short- and long-term goals of the 
        programs under this section.
    (h) Geographic Diversity.--The Director shall ensure regional and 
geographic diversity in issuing awards under this section.
    (i) Authorization of Appropriations.--From within funds authorized 
for the Directorate for Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships, there 
are authorized to carry out the activities under this section 
$3,100,000,000 for fiscal years 2023 through 2027.

SEC. 10392. ENTREPRENEURIAL FELLOWSHIPS.

    (a) In General.--The Director, acting through the Directorate for 
Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships, shall award fellowships to 
scientists and engineers to help develop leaders capable of maturing 
promising ideas and technologies from lab to market or other use and 
forge connections between academic research and the government, 
industry, financial sectors, and other end users.
    (b) Application.--An applicant for a fellowship under this section 
shall submit to the Director an application at such time, in such 
manner, and containing such information as the Director may require. At 
a minimum, the Director shall require that applicants--
            (1) have completed a doctoral degree in a STEM field no 
        more than 5 years prior to the date of the application, or have 
        otherwise demonstrated significant postbaccalaureate scientific 
        research experience and are considered early career, according 
        to requirements established by the Director; and
            (2) have included in the application a proposal for how the 
        fellow will be embedded in a host institution's research 
        environment.
    (c) Outreach.--The Director shall conduct program outreach to 
recruit fellowship applicants--
            (1) from diverse research institutions;
            (2) from all regions of the country; and
            (3) from groups historically underrepresented in STEM 
        fields.
    (d) Administration Agreements.--The Director may enter into an 
agreement with a qualified third-party entity to administer the 
fellowships, subject to the provisions of this section.
    (e) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to the Director a total of $125,000,000 for fiscal years 
2023 through 2027, to carry out the activities outlined in this 
section.

SEC. 10393. SCHOLARSHIPS AND FELLOWSHIPS.

    (a) In General.--The Director, acting through the Directorate, 
shall fund undergraduate scholarships (including at community 
colleges), graduate fellowships and traineeships, and postdoctoral 
awards in the key technology focus areas.
    (b) Implementation.--The Director may carry out subsection (a) by 
making awards--
            (1) directly to students; and
            (2) to institutions of higher education or consortia of 
        institutions of higher education, including those institutions 
        or consortia involved in operating Regional Innovation Engines 
        established under section 10388.
    (c) Broadening Participation.--In carrying out this section, the 
Director shall take steps to increase the participation of populations 
that are underrepresented in STEM, which may include--
            (1) establishing or augmenting programs targeted at 
        populations that are underrepresented in STEM;
            (2) supporting traineeships or other relevant programs at 
        historically Black colleges and universities, Tribal Colleges 
        or Universities, and minority-serving institutions;
            (3) enabling low-income populations to pursue associate, 
        undergraduate, or graduate level degrees in STEM;
            (4) addressing current and expected gaps in the 
        availability or skills of the STEM workforce, or addressing 
        needs of the STEM workforce, including by increasing 
        educational capacity at institutions and by prioritizing awards 
        to United States citizens, permanent residents, and individuals 
        that will grow the domestic workforce; and
            (5) addressing geographic diversity in the STEM workforce.
    (d) Encouraging Innovation.--In carrying out this section, the 
Director shall encourage innovation in graduate education, including 
through encouraging institutions of higher education to offer graduate 
students opportunities to gain experience in industry or Government as 
part of their graduate training, and through support for students in 
professional master's programs related to the key technology focus 
areas or to the societal, national, and geostrategic challenges.
    (e) Areas of Funding Support.--Subject to the availability of funds 
to carry out this section, the Director shall--
            (1) issue--
                    (A) postdoctoral awards,
                    (B) graduate fellowships and traineeships, 
                inclusive of the NSF Research Traineeships and 
                fellowships awarded under the Graduate Research 
                Fellowship Program; and
                    (C) scholarships, including undergraduate 
                scholarships, research experiences, and internships, 
                including--
                            (i) scholarships to attend community 
                        colleges; and
                            (ii) research experiences and internships 
                        under sections 513, 514, and 515 of the America 
                        COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 
                        1862p-5; 1862p-6; 1862p-7);
            (2) ensure that not less than 10 percent of the funds made 
        available to carry out this section are used to support 
        additional awards that focus on community college training, 
        education, and teaching programs that increase the 
        participation of populations that are historically 
        underrepresented in STEM, including technical programs through 
        programs such as the Advanced Technological Education program; 
        and
            (3) if funds remain after carrying out paragraphs (1) and 
        (2) make awards to institutions of higher education to enable 
        the institutions to fund the development and establishment of 
        new or specialized programs of study for graduate, 
        undergraduate, or technical college students and the evaluation 
        of the effectiveness of those programs of study.
    (f) Low-income Scholarship Program.--
            (1) In general.--The Director shall award scholarships to 
        low-income individuals to enable such individuals to pursue 
        associate, undergraduate, or graduate level degrees in STEM 
        fields.
            (2) Eligibility.--
                    (A) In general.--To be eligible to receive a 
                scholarship under this subsection, an individual--
                            (i) must be a citizen of the United States, 
                        a national of the United States (as defined in 
                        section 1101(a) of title 8), an alien admitted 
                        as a refugee under section 1157 of title 8, or 
                        an alien lawfully admitted to the United States 
                        for permanent residence;
                            (ii) shall prepare and submit to the 
                        Director an application at such time, in such 
                        manner, and containing such information as the 
                        Director may require; and
                            (iii) shall certify to the Director that 
                        the individual intends to use amounts received 
                        under the scholarship to enroll or continue 
                        enrollment at an institution of higher 
                        education (as defined in section 1001(a) of 
                        title 20) in order to pursue an associate, 
                        undergraduate, or graduate level degree in STEM 
                        fields designated by the Director.
                    (B) Ability.--Awards of scholarships under this 
                subsection shall be made by the Director solely on the 
                basis of the ability of the applicant, except that in 
                any case in which 2 or more applicants for scholarships 
                are deemed by the Director to be possessed of 
                substantially equal ability, and there are not 
                sufficient scholarships available to award one to each 
                of such applicants, the available scholarship or 
                scholarships shall be awarded to the applicants in a 
                manner that will tend to result in a geographically 
                wide distribution throughout the United States 
                recipients' places of permanent residence.
            (3) Scholarship amount and renewal.--Section 414(d) of the 
        American Competitiveness and Workforce Improvement Act of 1998 
        (42 U.S.C. 1869c) is amended in paragraph (3) by--
                    (A) striking ``, except that the Director shall not 
                award a scholarship in an amount exceeding $10,000 per 
                year''; and
                    (B) striking ``4 years'' and inserting ``5 years''.
            (4) Authorization.--Of amounts authorized for the 
        Directorate for Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships, 
        $100,000,000 shall be authorized to carry out this subsection.
    (g) Existing Programs.--The Director may use or augment existing 
STEM education programs of the Foundation and leverage education or 
entrepreneurial partners to carry out this section.

SEC. 10394. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT AWARDS.

    (a) In General.--From amounts made available for the Directorate, 
the Director shall make awards, on a competitive basis, for research 
and technology development within the key technology focus areas, 
including investments that advance solutions to the challenges under 
section 10387.
    (b) Purpose.--The purpose of the awards under this section shall be 
to accelerate technological advances and technology adoption in the key 
technology focus areas.
    (c) Recipients.--Recipients of funds under this section may include 
institutions of higher education, research institutions, non-profit 
organizations, private sector entities, consortia, or other entities as 
defined by the Director.
    (d) Metrics.--The Director may set metrics, including goals and 
deadlines, for the development and demonstration of technology as 
determined in the terms of the award, and may use such metrics to 
determine whether an award recipient shall be eligible for continued or 
follow-on funding.
    (e) Short Term Technology Deployment.--The Director shall also make 
awards, including through the SBIR and STTR programs (as defined in 
section 9(e) of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 638(e)), to expedite 
short-term technology deployment within a period of no longer than 24 
months.
    (f) Selection Criteria.--In selecting recipients for an award under 
this section, the Director shall consider, at a minimum--
            (1) the relevance of the project to the challenges and the 
        key technology focus areas under section 10387, and the 
        potential of the project to result in transformational advances 
        for such challenges and the key technology focus areas;
            (2) the current status of similar technology, the limits of 
        current practice, and the novelty and risks of the proposed 
        project;
            (3) the ethical, societal, safety, and security 
        implications relevant to the application of the technology;
            (4) the appropriateness of quantitative goals and metrics 
        for evaluating the project and a plan for evaluating those 
        metrics; and
            (5) the path for developing and, as appropriate, 
        commercializing the technology into products and processes in 
        the United States.
    (g) Authorization of Appropriations.--From within funds authorized 
for the Directorate for Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships, there 
are authorized to carry out the activities under this section 
$1,000,000,000 for fiscal years 2023 through 2027.

SEC. 10395. SCALING INNOVATIONS IN PREK-12 STEM EDUCATION.

    (a) In General.--Taking into consideration the recommendations 
under section 10311(a)(4) of subtitle B, the Director shall make 
awards, on a competitive, merit-reviewed basis, to establish 
multidisciplinary Centers for Transformative Education Research and 
Translation (in this section referred to as ``Centers'') to support 
research and development on widespread and sustained implementation of 
STEM education innovations.
    (b) Eligibility.--The entity seeking an award for a Center under 
this section must be an institution of higher education, a nonprofit 
organization, or a consortium of such institutions or organizations, 
which may include a STEM ecosystem .
    (c) Application.--An eligible entity under subsection (b) seeking 
an award under this section shall submit an application to the Director 
at such time, in such manner, and containing such information as the 
Director may require. The application shall include, at a minimum, a 
description of how the proposed Center will be used to--
            (1) establish partnerships among academic institutions, 
        local or State educational agencies, and other relevant 
        stakeholders in supporting programs and activities to 
        facilitate the widespread and sustained implementation of 
        promising, evidence-based STEM education practices, models, 
        programs, curriculum, and technologies;
            (2) support enhanced STEM education infrastructure, 
        including cyberlearning technologies, to facilitate the 
        widespread adoption of promising, evidence-based practices;
            (3) support research and development on scaling practices, 
        partnerships, and alternative models to current approaches, 
        including approaches sensitive to the unique combinations of 
        capabilities, resources, and needs of varying localities, 
        educators, and learners;
            (4) include a focus on the learning needs of under-
        resourced schools and learners in low-resource or 
        underachieving local educational agencies in urban and rural 
        communities and the development of high-quality curriculum that 
        engages these learners in the knowledge and practices of STEM 
        fields;
            (5) include a focus on the learning needs and unique 
        challenges facing students with disabilities;
            (6) support research, development, or education on one or 
        more of the key technology focus areas;
            (7) support research and development on scaling practices 
        and models to support and sustain highly-qualified STEM 
        educators in urban and rural communities; and
            (8) at the discretion of the Director, any other 
        requirements recommended in the study commissioned under 
        section 10311(a) of subtitle B.
    (d) Additional Considerations.--In making an award under this 
section, the Director may also consider the extent to which the 
proposed Center will--
            (1) leverage existing collaborations, tools, and strategies 
        supported by the Foundation, including NSF INCLUDES and the 
        Convergence Accelerators;
            (2) support research on and the development and scaling of 
        innovative approaches to distance learning and education for 
        various student populations;
            (3) support education innovations that leverage new 
        technologies or deepen understanding of the impact of 
        technology on educational systems; and
            (4) include a commitment from local or State education 
        administrators to making the proposed reforms and activities a 
        priority.
    (e) Partnership.--In carrying out the program under this section, 
the Director shall explore opportunities to partner with the Department 
of Education, including through jointly funding activities under this 
section.
    (f) Duration.--Each award made under this section shall be for a 
duration of no more than 5 years.
    (g) Annual Meeting.--The Director shall encourage and facilitate an 
annual meeting of the Centers, as appropriate, to foster collaboration 
among the Centers and to further disseminate the results of the 
Centers' supported activities.
    (h) Existing Programs.--The Director may use existing NSF programs 
to establish and execute this section.
    (i) Report.--Not later than 5 years after the date of enactment of 
this Act, the Director shall submit to Congress and make widely 
available to the public a report that includes--
            (1) a description of the focus and proposed goals of each 
        Center;
            (2) an assessment, based on a common set of benchmarks and 
        tools, of the Centers' success in helping to promote scalable 
        solutions in PreK-12 STEM education; and
            (3) any recommendations for administrative and legislative 
        action that could optimize the effectiveness of the Centers 
        established under this section.

SEC. 10396. AUTHORITIES.

    In addition to existing authorities available to the Foundation, 
the Director may exercise the following authorities in carrying out the 
activities under this subtitle:
            (1) Awards.--In carrying out this subtitle, the Director 
        may provide awards in the form of grants, contracts, 
        cooperative agreements, cash prizes, and other transactions.
            (2) Program directors.--
                    (A) Designation.--The Director may designate 
                individuals to serve as program directors for the 
                programs established within the Directorate pursuant to 
                the responsibilities established under subparagraph 
                (B). The Director shall ensure that program directors--
                            (i) have expertise in one or more of the 
                        challenges and key technology focus areas under 
                        section 10387; and
                            (ii) come from a variety of backgrounds, 
                        including industry, and from a variety of 
                        institutions of higher education.
                    (B) Responsibilities.--A program director of a 
                program of the Directorate, in consultation with the 
                Assistant Director, shall be responsible for--
                            (i) establishing research and development 
                        goals for the program, including through the 
                        convening of workshops, conferring with a broad 
                        range of stakeholders and outside experts, 
                        taking into account relevant expert reports, 
                        and publicizing the goals of the program to the 
                        public and private sectors;
                            (ii) surveying a wide range of institutions 
                        of higher education, nonprofit organizations, 
                        and private entities to identify emerging 
                        trends in the challenges and key technology 
                        focus areas under section 10387, and, as 
                        appropriate, soliciting proposals from such 
                        entities to conduct research in areas of 
                        particular promise that the private sector is 
                        the not likely to undertake independently.
                            (iii) facilitating research collaborations 
                        in the challenges and key technology focus 
                        areas under section 10387, including connecting 
                        academic researchers with potential end-users 
                        of technology, including industry, labor 
                        organizations, nonprofit organizations, civil 
                        society organizations, and other relevant 
                        organizations;
                            (iv) reviewing applications for projects 
                        submitted under section 10394 according to the 
                        Merit Review Criteria established by the 
                        Director for such projects and described in the 
                        Foundation's Proposal and Award Policies and 
                        Procedures Guide, and any such additional 
                        criteria as determined by the Director; and
                            (v) monitoring the progress of projects 
                        supported under the program and taking into 
                        account input from relevant experts and 
                        stakeholders, recommending program updates as 
                        needed.
                    (C) Selection criteria.--Program directors may use 
                diverse merit review models for selection of award 
                recipients under section 10394, including internal 
                review and different models that use peer review.
                    (D) Terms.--Program directors of the Directorate 
                may be appointed by the Director for a limited term, 
                renewable at the discretion of the Director.
            (3) Experts in science and engineering.--
                    (A) Program authorized.--The Foundation may carry 
                out a program of personnel management authority 
                provided under subparagraph (B) in order to facilitate 
                recruitment of eminent experts in science or 
                engineering for research and development projects and 
                to enhance the administration and management of the 
                Foundation.
                    (B) Personnel management authority.--Under the 
                program under subparagraph (A), the Foundation may--
                            (i) without regard to any provision of 
                        title 5, United States Code, governing the 
                        appointment of employees in the competitive 
                        service, appoint individuals to a total of not 
                        more than 70 positions in the Foundation, of 
                        which not more than 5 such positions may be 
                        positions of administration or management of 
                        the Foundation;
                            (ii) prescribe the rates of basic pay for 
                        positions to which employees are appointed 
                        under clause (i)--
                                    (I) in the case of employees 
                                appointed pursuant to clause (i) to any 
                                of 5 positions designated by the 
                                Foundation for purposes of this clause, 
                                at rates not in excess of a rate equal 
                                to 150 percent of the maximum rate of 
                                basic pay authorized for positions at 
                                level I of the Executive Schedule under 
                                section 5312 of title 5, United States 
                                Code; and
                                    (II) in the case of any other 
                                employee appointed pursuant to clause 
                                (i), at rates not in excess of the 
                                maximum rate of basic pay authorized 
                                for senior-level positions under 
                                section 5376 of title 5, United States 
                                Code; and
                            (iii) pay any employee appointed under 
                        subparagraph (A), other than an employee 
                        appointed to a position designated as described 
                        in clause (ii)(I), payments in addition to 
                        basic pay within the limit applicable to the 
                        employee under subparagraph (D).
                    (C) Limitation on term of appointment.--
                            (i) In general.--Except as provided in 
                        clause (ii), the service of an employee under 
                        an appointment under subparagraph (B)(i) may 
                        not exceed 4 years.
                            (ii) Extension.--The Director may, in the 
                        case of a particular employee under the program 
                        under subparagraph (A), extend the period to 
                        which service is limited under clause (i) by up 
                        to 2 years if the Director determines that such 
                        action is necessary to promote the efficiency 
                        of the Foundation.
                    (D) Maximum amount of additional payments 
                payable.--Notwithstanding any other provision of this 
                subsection or section 5307 of title 5, United States 
                Code, no additional payments may be paid to an employee 
                under subparagraph (B)(iii) in any calendar year if, or 
                to the extent that, the employee's total annual 
                compensation in such calendar year will exceed the 
                maximum amount of total annual compensation payable at 
                the salary set in accordance with section 104 of title 
                3, United States Code.
            (4) Highly qualified experts in needed occupations.--
                    (A) In general.--The Foundation may carry out a 
                program using the authority provided in subparagraph 
                (B) in order to attract highly qualified experts in 
                needed occupations, as determined by the Foundation. 
                Individuals hired by the Director through such 
                authority may include individuals with expertise in 
                business creativity, innovation management, design 
                thinking, entrepreneurship, venture capital, and 
                related fields.
                    (B) Authority.--Under the program, the Foundation 
                may--
                            (i) appoint personnel from outside the 
                        civil service and uniformed services (as such 
                        terms are defined in section 2101 of title 5, 
                        United States Code) to positions in the 
                        Foundation without regard to any provision of 
                        title 5, United States Code, governing the 
                        appointment of employees in the competitive 
                        service;
                            (ii) prescribe the rates of basic pay for 
                        positions to which employees are appointed 
                        under clause (i) at rates not in excess of the 
                        maximum rate of basic pay authorized for 
                        senior-level positions under section 5376 of 
                        title 5, United States Code; and
                            (iii) pay any employee appointed under 
                        clause (i) payments in addition to basic pay 
                        within the limits applicable to the employee 
                        under subparagraph (D).
                    (C) Limitation on term of appointment.--
                            (i) In general.--Except as provided in 
                        clause (ii), the service of an employee under 
                        an appointment made pursuant to this subsection 
                        may not exceed 5 years.
                            (ii) Extension.--The Foundation may, in the 
                        case of a particular employee, extend the 
                        period to which service is limited under clause 
                        (i) by up to 1 additional year if the 
                        Foundation determines that such action is 
                        necessary to promote the Foundation's national 
                        security missions.
                    (D) Limitations on additional payments.--
                            (i) Total amount.--The total amount of the 
                        additional payments paid to an employee under 
                        this subsection for any 12-month period may not 
                        exceed the maximum amount of total compensation 
                        payable at the salary set in accordance with 
                        section 104 of title, United States Code.
                            (ii) Eligibility for payments.--An employee 
                        appointed under this subsection is not eligible 
                        for any bonus, monetary award, or other 
                        monetary incentive for service, except for 
                        payments authorized under this subsection.
                    (E) Limitation on number of highly qualified 
                experts.--The number of highly qualified experts 
                appointed and retained by the Foundation under sub 
                (B)(i) shall not exceed 70 at any time.
                    (F) Savings provisions.--In the event that the 
                Foundation terminates the program under this paragraph, 
                in the case of an employee who, on the day before the 
                termination of the program, is serving in a position 
                pursuant to an appointment under this paragraph--
                            (i) the termination of the program does not 
                        terminate the employee's employment in that 
                        position before the expiration of the lesser 
                        of--
                                    (I) the period for which the 
                                employee was appointed; or
                                    (II) the period to which the 
                                employee's service is limited under 
                                subparagraph (C), including any 
                                extension made under this paragraph 
                                before the termination of the program; 
                                and
                            (ii) the rate of basic pay prescribed for 
                        the position under this paragraph may not be 
                        reduced as long as the employee continues to 
                        serve at an acceptable level of performance in 
                        the position without a break in service.
            (5) Additional hiring authority.--To the extent needed to 
        carry out the duties under paragraph (1)(A), the Director is 
        authorized to utilize hiring authorities under section 3372 of 
        title 5, United States Code, to staff the Foundation with 
        employees from other Federal agencies, State and local 
        governments, Indian Tribes and Tribal organizations, 
        institutions of higher education, and other organizations, as 
        described in that section, in the same manner and subject to 
        the same conditions, that apply to such individuals utilized to 
        accomplish other missions of the Foundation.
            (6) National academy of public administration.--
                    (A) Study.--Not later than 30 days after the date 
                of enactment of this Act, the Director shall contract 
                with the National Academy of Public Administration to 
                conduct a study on the organizational and management 
                structure of the Foundation, to--
                            (i) evaluate and make recommendations to 
                        efficiently and effectively implement the 
                        Directorate for Technology, Innovation, and 
                        Partnerships; and
                            (ii) evaluate and make recommendations to 
                        ensure coordination of the Directorate for 
                        Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships with 
                        other directorates and offices of the 
                        Foundation and other Federal agencies.
                    (B) Review.--Upon completion of the study under 
                subparagraph (A), the Foundation shall review the 
                recommendations from the National Academy of Public 
                Administration and provide a briefing to Congress on 
                the plans of the Foundation to implement any such 
                recommendations.
            (7) Providing authority to disseminate information.--
        Section 11 of the National Science Foundation Act of 1950 (42 
        U.S.C. 1870) is amended--
                    (A) in subsection (j), by striking ``and'' after 
                the semicolon;
                    (B) in subsection (k), by striking the period at 
                the end and inserting ``; and''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(l) to provide for the widest practicable and appropriate 
dissemination of information within the United States concerning the 
Foundation's activities and the results of those activities.''.

SEC. 10397. COORDINATION OF ACTIVITIES.

    (a) In General.--In carrying out the activities of the Directorate, 
the Director shall coordinate and collaborate as appropriate with the 
Secretary of Energy, the Director of the National Institute of 
Standards and Technology, and the heads of other Federal research 
agencies, as appropriate, to further the goals of this subtitle.
    (b) Avoid Duplication.--The Director shall ensure, to the greatest 
extent practicable, that activities carried out by the Directorate are 
not duplicative of activities supported by other parts of the 
Foundation or other relevant Federal agencies. In carrying out the 
activities prescribed by this division, the Director shall coordinate 
with the interagency working group established under subtitle F of 
title VI and heads of other Federal research agencies to ensure these 
activities enhance and complement, but do not constitute unnecessary 
duplication of effort and to ensure the responsible stewardship of 
funds.
    (c) Emerging Technologies.--After completion of the studies 
regarding emerging technologies conducted by the Secretary of Commerce 
under title XV of division FF of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 
2021 (Public Law 116-260), the Director shall consider the results of 
such studies in carrying out the activities of the Directorate.

SEC. 10398. ETHICAL, LEGAL, AND SOCIETAL CONSIDERATIONS.

    The Director shall engage, as appropriate, experts in the social 
dimensions of science and technology and set up formal avenues for 
public input, as appropriate, to ensure that ethical, legal, and 
societal considerations are taken into account in the priorities and 
activities of the Directorate, including in the selection of the 
challenges and key technology focus areas under section 10387 and the 
award-making process, and throughout all stages of supported projects.

SEC. 10399. REPORTS AND ROADMAPS.

    (a) Annual Report.--The Director shall provide to the relevant 
authorizing and appropriations committees of Congress an annual report 
describing projects supported by the Directorate during the previous 
year.
    (b) Roadmap.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of 
this Act, the Director shall provide to the relevant authorizing and 
appropriations committees of Congress a roadmap describing the 
strategic vision that the Directorate will use to guide investment 
decisions over the following 3 years.
    (c) Reports.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of 
this Act and every 3 years thereafter, the Director, in consultation 
with the heads of relevant Federal agencies, shall prepare and submit 
to Congress--
            (1) a strategic vision for the next 5 years for the 
        Directorate, including a description of how the Foundation will 
        increase funding for research and education for populations 
        underrepresented in STEM and geographic areas; and
            (2) a description of the planned activities of the 
        Directorate to secure federally funded science and technology 
        pursuant to section 1746 of the National Defense Authorization 
        Act for Fiscal Year 2020 (Public Law 116-92; 42 U.S.C. 6601 
        note) and section 223 of William M. (Mac) Thornberry National 
        Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public Law 116-
        283) and the requirements under subtitle D of this title and 
        subtitle E of title VI .
    (d) Selection Criteria Report.--Not later than 24 months after the 
establishment of the Directorate, the Director shall prepare and submit 
a report to Congress regarding the use of alternative methods for the 
selection of award recipients and the distribution of funding to 
recipients, as compared to the traditional peer review process.

SEC. 10399A. EVALUATION.

    (a) In General.--After the Directorate has been in operation for 6 
years, the Director shall enter into an agreement with the National 
Academies to provide an evaluation of how well the Directorate is 
achieving the purposes identified in section 10382.
    (b) Inclusions.--The evaluation shall include--
            (1) an assessment of the impact of Directorate activities 
        on the Foundation's primary science mission;
            (2) an assessment of the Directorate's impact on the 
        challenges and key technology focus areas under section 10387;
            (3) an assessment of efforts to ensure coordination between 
        the Directorate and other Federal agencies, and with external 
        entities;
            (4) a description of lessons learned from operation of the 
        Directorate; and
            (5) recommended funding levels for the Directorate;
    (c) Availability.--On completion of the evaluation, the evaluation 
shall be made available to Congress and the public.

                 Subtitle H--Administrative Amendments

SEC. 10399D. SUPPORTING VETERANS IN STEM CAREERS.

    Section 3(c) of the Supporting Veterans in STEM Careers Act (42 
U.S.C. 1862t) is amended by striking ``annual'' and inserting 
``biennial''.

SEC. 10399E. SUNSHINE ACT COMPLIANCE.

    Section 15(a) of the National Science Foundation Authorization Act 
of 2002 (42 U.S.C. 1862n-5(a)) is amended--
            (1) so that paragraph (3) reads as follows:
            ``(3) Compliance review.--The Inspector General of the 
        Foundation shall conduct a review of the compliance by the 
        Board with the requirements described in paragraph (2) as 
        necessary based on a triennial risk assessment. Any review 
        deemed necessary shall examine the proposed and actual content 
        of closed meetings and determine whether the closure of the 
        meetings was consistent with section 552b of title 5, United 
        States Code.''; and
            (2) by striking paragraphs (4) and (5) and inserting the 
        following:
            ``(4) Materials relating to closed portions of meeting.--To 
        facilitate the risk assessment required under paragraph (3) of 
        this subsection, and any subsequent review conducted by the 
        Inspector General, the Office of the National Science Board 
        shall maintain the General Counsel's certificate, the presiding 
        officer's statement, and a transcript or recording of any 
        closed meeting, for at least 3 years after such meeting.''.

SEC. 10399F. SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING INDICATORS REPORT SUBMISSION.

     Section 4(j)(1) of the National Science Foundation Act of 1950 (42 
U.S.C. 1863(j)(1)) is amended by striking ``January 15'' and inserting 
``March 15''.

             TITLE IV--BIOECONOMY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

SEC. 10401. DEFINITIONS.

    In this title:
            (1) Initiative.--The term ``Initiative'' means the National 
        Engineering Biology Research and Development Initiative 
        established under section 10402.
            (2) Omics.--The term ``omics'' refers to the collective 
        technologies used to explore the roles, relationships, and 
        actions of the various types of molecules that make up the 
        cells and systems of an organism and the systems level analysis 
        of their functions.

SEC. 10402. NATIONAL ENGINEERING BIOLOGY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT 
              INITIATIVE.

    (a) In General.--The President, acting through the Office of 
Science and Technology Policy, shall implement a National Engineering 
Biology Research and Development Initiative to advance societal well-
being, national security, sustainability, and economic productivity and 
competitiveness through the following:
            (1) Advancing areas of research at the intersection of the 
        biological, physical, chemical, data, and computational and 
        information sciences and engineering to accelerate scientific 
        understanding and technological innovation in engineering 
        biology.
            (2) Advancing areas of biomanufacturing research to 
        optimize, standardize, scale, and deliver new products and 
        solutions.
            (3) Supporting social and behavioral sciences and economics 
        research that advances the field of engineering biology and 
        contributes to the development and public understanding of new 
        products, processes, and technologies.
            (4) Improving the understanding of engineering biology of 
        the scientific and lay public and supporting greater evidence-
        based public discourse about its benefits and risks.
            (5) Supporting research relating to the risks and benefits 
        of engineering biology, including under subsection (d).
            (6) Supporting the development of novel tools and 
        technologies to accelerate scientific understanding and 
        technological innovation in engineering biology.
            (7) Expanding the number of researchers, educators, and 
        students and a retooled workforce with engineering biology 
        training, including from traditionally underrepresented and 
        underserved populations.
            (8) Accelerating the translation and commercialization of 
        engineering biology and biomanufacturing research and 
        development by the private sector.
            (9) Improving the interagency planning and coordination of 
        Federal Government activities related to engineering biology.
    (b) Initiative Activities.--The activities of the Initiative shall 
include the following:
            (1) Sustained support for engineering biology research and 
        development through the following:
                    (A) Grants to fund the work of individual 
                investigators and teams of investigators, including 
                interdisciplinary teams.
                    (B) Projects funded under joint solicitations by a 
                collaboration of not fewer than two agencies 
                participating in the Initiative.
                    (C) Interdisciplinary research centers that are 
                organized to investigate basic research questions, 
                carry out technology development and demonstration 
                activities, and increase understanding of how to scale 
                up engineering biology processes, including 
                biomanufacturing.
            (2) Sustained support for databases and related tools, 
        including the following:
                    (A) Support for the establishment, curation, and 
                maintenance of curated genomics, epigenomics, and other 
                relevant omics databases, including plant, animal, and 
                microbial databases, that are available to researchers 
                to carry out engineering biology research in a manner 
                that does not compromise national security or the 
                privacy or security of information within such 
                databases.
                    (B) Development of standards for such databases, 
                including for curation, interoperability, and 
                protection of privacy and security.
                    (C) Support for the development of computational 
                tools, including artificial intelligence tools, that 
                can accelerate research and innovation using such 
                databases.
                    (D) An inventory and assessment of all Federal 
                government omics databases to identify opportunities to 
                improve the utility of such databases, as appropriate 
                and in a manner that does not compromise national 
                security or the privacy and security of information 
                within such databases, and inform investment in such 
                databases as critical infrastructure for the 
                engineering biology research enterprise.
            (3) Sustained support for the development, optimization, 
        and validation of novel tools and technologies to enable the 
        dynamic study of molecular processes in situ, including through 
        the following:
                    (A) Research conducted at Federal laboratories.
                    (B) Grants to fund the work of investigators at 
                institutions of higher education and other nonprofit 
                research institutions.
                    (C) Incentivized development of retooled industrial 
                sites across the country that foster a pivot to 
                modernized engineering biology initiatives.
                    (D) Awards under the Small Business Innovation 
                Research Program and the Small Business Technology 
                Transfer Program (as described in section 9 of the 
                Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 638)).
            (4) Support for education and training of undergraduate and 
        graduate students in engineering biology, biomanufacturing, 
        bioprocess engineering, and computational science applied to 
        engineering biology and in the related ethical, legal, 
        environmental, safety, security, and other societal domains.
            (5) Support for a national network of testbeds based on 
        open standards, interfaces, and processes, including by 
        repurposing existing facilities such as those specified in 
        paragraph (3)(C), that would enable scale up of laboratory 
        engineering biology research.
            (6) Activities to develop robust mechanisms for documenting 
        and quantifying the outputs and economic benefits of 
        engineering biology.
            (7) Activities to accelerate the translation and 
        commercialization of new products, processes, and technologies 
        by carrying out the following:
                    (A) Identifying precompetitive research 
                opportunities.
                    (B) Facilitating public-private partnerships in 
                engineering biology research and development, including 
                to address barriers to scaling up innovations in 
                engineering biology.
                    (C) Connecting researchers, graduate students, and 
                postdoctoral fellows with entrepreneurship education 
                and training opportunities.
                    (D) Supporting proof of concept activities and the 
                formation of startup companies including through 
                programs such as the Small Business Innovation Research 
                Program and the Small Business Technology Transfer 
                Program.
    (c) Expanding Participation.--The Initiative shall include, to the 
maximum extent practicable, outreach to primarily undergraduate and 
historically Black colleges and universities, Tribal Colleges or 
Universities, and minority-serving institutions about Initiative 
opportunities, and shall encourage the development of research 
collaborations between research-intensive universities and primarily 
undergraduate and historically Black colleges and universities, Tribal 
Colleges or Universities, and minority-serving institutions.
    (d) Ethical, Legal, Environmental, Safety, Security, and Societal 
Issues.--Initiative activities shall take into account ethical, legal, 
environmental, safety, security, and other appropriate societal issues 
by carrying out the following:
            (1) Supporting research, including in the social sciences, 
        and other activities addressing ethical, legal, environmental, 
        and other appropriate societal issues related to engineering 
        biology, including integrating research on such topics with the 
        research and development in engineering biology, and 
        encouraging the dissemination of the results of such research, 
        including through interdisciplinary engineering biology 
        research centers described in subsection (b)(1)(C).
            (2) Supporting research and other activities related to the 
        safety and security implications of engineering biology, 
        including outreach to increase awareness among Federal 
        researchers and federally-funded researchers at institutions of 
        higher education about potential safety and security 
        implications of engineering biology research, as appropriate.
            (3) Ensuring that input from Federal and non-Federal 
        experts on the ethical, legal, environmental, safety, security, 
        and other appropriate societal issues related to engineering 
        biology is integrated into the Initiative.
            (4) Ensuring, through the agencies and departments that 
        participate in the Initiative, that public input and outreach 
        are integrated into the Initiative by the convening of regular 
        and ongoing public discussions through mechanisms such as 
        workshops, consensus conferences, and educational events, as 
        appropriate.
            (5) Complying with all applicable provisions of Federal 
        law.

SEC. 10403. INITIATIVE COORDINATION.

    (a) Interagency Committee.--The President, acting through the 
Office of Science and Technology Policy, shall designate an interagency 
committee to coordinate activities of the Initiative as appropriate, 
which shall be co-chaired by the Office of Science and Technology 
Policy. The Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy 
shall select an additional co-chairperson from among the members of the 
interagency committee. The interagency committee shall oversee the 
planning, management, and coordination of the Initiative. The 
interagency committee shall carry out the following:
            (1) Provide for interagency coordination of Federal 
        engineering biology research, development, and other activities 
        undertaken pursuant to the Initiative.
            (2) Establish and periodically update goals and priorities 
        for the Initiative.
            (3) Develop, not later than 12 months after the date of the 
        enactment of this Act, and update every five years thereafter, 
        a strategic plan submitted to the Committee on Science, Space, 
        and Technology, the Committee on Agriculture, and the Committee 
        on Energy and Commerce of the House of Representatives and the 
        Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, the 
        Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry, the 
        Committee on Small Business and Entrepreneurship, and the 
        Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions of the 
        Senate that--
                    (A) guides the activities of the Initiative for 
                purposes of meeting the goals and priorities 
                established under (and updated pursuant to) paragraph 
                (2); and
                    (B) describes--
                            (i) the Initiative's support for long-term 
                        funding for interdisciplinary engineering 
                        biology research and development;
                            (ii) the Initiative's support for education 
                        and public outreach activities;
                            (iii) the Initiative's support for research 
                        and other activities on ethical, legal, 
                        environmental, safety, security, and other 
                        appropriate societal issues related to 
                        engineering biology, including--
                                    (I) an applied biorisk management 
                                research plan;
                                    (II) recommendations for 
                                integrating security into biological 
                                data access and international 
                                reciprocity agreements;
                                    (III) recommendations for 
                                manufacturing restructuring to support 
                                engineering biology research, 
                                development, and scaling-up 
                                initiatives; and
                                    (IV) an evaluation of existing 
                                biosecurity governance policies, 
                                guidance, and directives for the 
                                purposes of creating an adaptable, 
                                evidence-based framework to respond to 
                                emerging biosecurity challenges created 
                                by advances in engineering biology;
                            (iv) how the Initiative will contribute to 
                        moving results out of the laboratory and into 
                        application for the benefit of society and 
                        United States competitiveness; and
                            (v) how the Initiative will measure and 
                        track the contributions of engineering biology 
                        to United States economic growth and other 
                        societal indicators.
            (4) Develop a national genomic sequencing strategy to 
        ensure engineering biology research fully leverages plant, 
        animal, and microbe biodiversity, as appropriate and in a 
        manner that does not compromise economic competitiveness, 
        national security, or the privacy or security of human genetic 
        information, to enhance long-term innovation and 
        competitiveness in engineering biology in the United States.
            (5) Develop a plan to utilize Federal programs, such as the 
        Small Business Innovation Research Program and the Small 
        Business Technology Transfer Program (as described in section 9 
        of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 638)), in support of the 
        activities described in section 10402(b)(3).
            (6) In carrying out this section, take into consideration 
        the recommendations of the advisory committee established under 
        section 10404, the results of the workshop convened under 
        section 10402, existing reports on related topics, and the 
        views of academic, State, industry, and other appropriate 
        groups.
    (b) Quinquennial Report.--Beginning with fiscal year 2023 and every 
five years thereafter for ten years, the interagency committee shall 
prepare and submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, 
the Committee on Energy and Commerce, and the Committee on Agriculture 
of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, 
and Transportation, the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and 
Pensions, the Committee on Small Business and Entrepreneurship, and the 
Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a 
report that includes the following:
            (1) A summarized agency budget in support of the Initiative 
        for the current fiscal year, including a breakout of spending 
        for each agency participating in the Program, and for the 
        development and acquisition of any research facilities and 
        instrumentation.
            (2) An assessment of how Federal agencies are implementing 
        the plan described in subsection (a)(3), including the 
        following:
                    (A) A description of the amount and number of 
                awards made under the Small Business Innovation 
                Research Program and the Small Business Technology 
                Transfer Program (as described in section 9 of the 
                Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 638)) in support of the 
                Initiative.
                    (B) A description of the amount and number of 
                projects funded under joint solicitations by a 
                collaboration of not fewer than two agencies 
                participating in the Initiative.
                    (C) A description of effects of newly-funded 
                projects by the Initiative.
    (c) Initiative Coordination Office.--
            (1) In general.--The President shall establish an 
        Initiative Coordination Office, with a Director and full-time 
        staff, which shall--
                    (A) provide technical and administrative support to 
                the interagency committee and the advisory committee 
                established under subsection (a) and section 10404;
                    (B) serve as the point of contact on Federal 
                engineering biology activities for government 
                organizations, academia, industry, professional 
                societies, State governments, interested citizen 
                groups, and others to exchange technical and 
                programmatic information;
                    (C) oversee interagency coordination of the 
                Initiative, including by encouraging and supporting 
                joint agency solicitation and selection of applications 
                for funding of activities under the Initiative, as 
                appropriate;
                    (D) conduct public outreach, including 
                dissemination of findings and recommendations of the 
                advisory committee, as appropriate;
                    (E) serve as the coordinator of ethical, legal, 
                environmental, safety, security, and other appropriate 
                societal input; and
                    (F) promote access to, and early application of, 
                the technologies, innovations, and expertise derived 
                from Initiative activities to agency missions and 
                systems across the Federal Government, and to United 
                States industry, including startup companies.
            (2) Funding.--The Director of the Office of Science and 
        Technology Policy, in coordination with each participating 
        Federal department and agency, as appropriate, shall develop 
        and annually update an estimate of the funds necessary to carry 
        out the activities of the Initiative Coordination Office and 
        submit such estimate with an agreed summary of contributions 
        from each agency to Congress as part of the President's annual 
        budget request to Congress.
            (3) Termination.--The Initiative Coordination Office 
        established under this subsection shall terminate on the date 
        that is 10 years after the date of the enactment of this Act.
    (d) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this section may be construed 
to alter the policies, processes, or practices of individual Federal 
agencies in effect on the day before the date of the enactment of this 
Act relating to the conduct of biomedical research and advanced 
development, including the solicitation and review of extramural 
research proposals.

SEC. 10404. ADVISORY COMMITTEE ON ENGINEERING BIOLOGY RESEARCH AND 
              DEVELOPMENT.

    (a) In General.--The agency co-chair of the interagency committee 
established under section 10403 shall, in consultation with the Office 
of Science and Technology Policy, designate or establish an advisory 
committee on engineering biology research and development (in this 
section referred to as the ``advisory committee'') to be composed of 
not fewer than 12 members, including representatives of research and 
academic institutions, industry, and nongovernmental entities, who are 
qualified to provide advice on the Initiative.
    (b) Assessment.--The advisory committee shall assess the following:
            (1) The current state of United States competitiveness in 
        engineering biology, including the scope and scale of United 
        States investments in engineering biology research and 
        development in the international context.
            (2) Current market barriers to commercialization of 
        engineering biology products, processes, and tools in the 
        United States.
            (3) Progress made in implementing the Initiative.
            (4) The need to revise the Initiative.
            (5) The balance of activities and funding across the 
        Initiative.
            (6) Whether the strategic plan developed or updated by the 
        interagency committee established under section 10403 is 
        helping to maintain United States leadership in engineering 
        biology.
            (7) Whether ethical, legal, environmental, safety, 
        security, and other appropriate societal issues are adequately 
        addressed by the Initiative.
    (c) Reports.--Beginning not later than two years after the date of 
the enactment of this Act and not less frequently than once every five 
years thereafter, the advisory committee shall submit to the President, 
the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, the Committee on 
Energy and Commerce, and the Committee on Agriculture of the House of 
Representatives, and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
Transportation, the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and 
Pensions, and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of 
the Senate, a report on the following:
            (1) The findings of the advisory committee's assessment 
        under subsection (b).
            (2) The advisory committee's recommendations for ways to 
        improve the Initiative.
    (d) Application of Federal Advisory Committee Act.--Section 14 of 
the Federal Advisory Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.) shall not apply to 
the advisory committee.
    (e) Termination.--The advisory committee established under 
subsection (a) shall terminate on the date that is 10 years after the 
date of the enactment of this Act.

SEC. 10405. EXTERNAL REVIEW OF ETHICAL, LEGAL, ENVIRONMENTAL, SAFETY, 
              SECURITY, AND SOCIETAL ISSUES.

    (a) In General.--Not later than six months after the date of 
enactment of this Act, the Director of the National Science Foundation 
shall seek to enter into an agreement with the National Academies of 
Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to conduct a review, and make 
recommendations with respect to, the ethical, legal, environmental, 
safety, security, and other appropriate societal issues related to 
engineering biology research and development. The review shall include 
the following:
            (1) An assessment of the current research on such issues.
            (2) A description of the research needs relating to such 
        issues.
            (3) Recommendations on how the Initiative can address the 
        research needs identified pursuant to paragraph (2).
            (4) Recommendations on how researchers engaged in 
        engineering biology can best incorporate considerations of such 
        issues into the development of research proposals and the 
        conduct of research.
    (b) Report to Congress.--The agreement entered into under 
subsection (a) shall require the National Academies of Sciences, 
Engineering, and Medicine to, not later than two years after the date 
of the enactment of this Act--
            (1) submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and 
        Technology and the Committee on Agriculture of the House of 
        Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
        Transportation and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and 
        Forestry of the Senate a report containing the findings and 
        recommendations of the review conducted under subsection (a); 
        and
            (2) make a copy of such report available on a publicly 
        accessible website.

SEC. 10406. AGENCY ACTIVITIES.

    (a) National Science Foundation.--As part of the Initiative, the 
National Science Foundation shall carry out the following:
            (1) Support research in engineering biology and 
        biomanufacturing through individual grants, collaborative 
        grants, and through interdisciplinary research centers.
            (2) Support research on the environmental, legal, ethical, 
        and social implications of engineering biology.
            (3) Provide support for research instrumentation, 
        equipment, and cyberinfrastructure for engineering biology 
        disciplines, including support for research, development, 
        optimization, and validation of novel technologies to enable 
        the dynamic study of molecular processes in situ.
            (4) Support curriculum development and research experiences 
        for secondary, undergraduate, and graduate students in 
        engineering biology and biomanufacturing, including through 
        support for graduate fellowships and traineeships in 
        engineering biology.
            (5) Award grants, on a competitive basis, to enable 
        institutions to support graduate students and postdoctoral 
        fellows who perform some of their engineering biology research 
        in an industry setting.
    (b) Department of Commerce.--
            (1) National institute of standards and technology.--As 
        part of the Initiative, the Director of the National Institute 
        of Standards and Technology shall carry out the following:
                    (A) Advance the development of standard reference 
                materials and measurements, including to promote 
                interoperability between new component technologies and 
                processes for engineering biology and biomanufacturing 
                discovery, innovation, and production processes.
                    (B) Establish new data tools, techniques, and 
                processes necessary to advance engineering biology and 
                biomanufacturing.
                    (C) Provide access to user facilities with advanced 
                or unique equipment, services, materials, and other 
                resources to industry, institutions of higher 
                education, nonprofit organizations, and government 
                agencies to perform research and testing.
                    (D) Provide technical expertise to inform the 
                potential development of guidelines or safeguards for 
                new products, processes, and systems of engineering 
                biology.
            (2) National oceanic and atmospheric administration.--As 
        part of the initiative, the Administrator of the National 
        Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration shall carry out the 
        following:
                    (A) Conduct and support research in omics and 
                associated bioinformatic sciences and develop tools and 
                products to improve ecosystem stewardship, monitoring, 
                management, assessments. and forecasts, consistent with 
                the mission of the agency.
                    (B) Collaborate with other agencies to understand 
                potential environmental threats and safeguards related 
                to engineering biology.
    (c) Department of Energy.--As part of the Initiative, the Secretary 
of Energy shall carry out the following:
            (1) Conduct and support research, development, 
        demonstration, and commercial application activities in 
        engineering biology, including in the areas of synthetic 
        biology, advanced biofuel and bioproduct development, biobased 
        materials, and environmental remediation.
            (2) Support the development, optimization and validation of 
        novel, scalable tools and technologies to enable the dynamic 
        study of molecular processes in situ.
            (3) Provide access to user facilities with advanced or 
        unique equipment, services, materials, and other resources, 
        including secure access to high-performance computing, as 
        appropriate, to industry, institutions of higher education, 
        nonprofit organizations, and government agencies to perform 
        research and testing;.
            (4) Strengthen collaboration between the Office of Science 
        and the Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office to help 
        transfer fundamental research results to industry and 
        accelerate commercial applications.
    (d) Department of Defense.--As part of the Initiative, the 
Secretary of Defense shall carry out the following:
            (1) Conduct and support research and development in 
        engineering biology and associated data and information 
        sciences.
            (2) Support curriculum development and research experiences 
        in engineering biology and associated data and information 
        sciences across the military education system, including the 
        service academies, professional military education, and 
        military graduate education.
            (3) Assess risks of potential national security and 
        economic security threats relating to engineering biology.
    (e) National Aeronautics and Space Administration.--As part of the 
Initiative, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration shall 
carry out the following:
            (1) Conduct and support research in engineering biology, 
        including in synthetic biology, and related to Earth and space 
        sciences, aeronautics, space technology, and space exploration 
        and experimentation, consistent with the priorities established 
        in the National Academies' decadal surveys.
            (2) Award grants, on a competitive basis, that enable 
        institutions to support graduate students and postdoctoral 
        fellows who perform some of their engineering biology research 
        in an industry setting.
    (f) Department of Agriculture.--As part of the Initiative, the 
Secretary of Agriculture shall support research and development in 
engineering biology through the Agricultural Research Service, the 
National Institute of Food and Agriculture programs and grants, and the 
Office of the Chief Scientist.
    (g) Environmental Protection Agency.--As part of the Initiative, 
the Environmental Protection Agency shall support research on how 
products, processes, and systems of engineering biology will affect or 
can protect the environment.
    (h) Department of Health and Human Services.--As part of the 
Initiative, the Secretary of Health and Human Services, as appropriate 
and consistent with activities of the Department of Health and Human 
Services in effect on the day before the date of the enactment of this 
Act, shall carry out the following:
            (1) Support research and development to advance the 
        understanding and application of engineering biology for human 
        health.
            (2) Support relevant interdisciplinary research and 
        coordination.
            (3) Support activities necessary to facilitate oversight of 
        relevant emerging biotechnologies.

SEC. 10407. RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.

    Nothing in this title may be construed to require public disclosure 
of information that is exempt from mandatory disclosure under section 
552 of title 5, United States Code.

              TITLE V--BROADENING PARTICIPATION IN SCIENCE

                     Subtitle A--STEM Opportunities

SEC. 10501. FEDERAL RESEARCH AGENCY POLICIES FOR CAREGIVERS.

    (a) OSTP Guidance.--Not later than 12 months after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Director, in consultation with the heads of 
relevant agencies, shall provide guidance to each Federal research 
agency to establish policies that--
            (1) apply to all--
                    (A) research awards granted by such agency; and
                    (B) principal investigators of such research and 
                their trainees, including postdoctoral researchers and 
                graduate students, who have caregiving 
                responsibilities, including care for a newborn or newly 
                adopted child and care for an immediate family member 
                who has a disability or a serious health condition; and
            (2) provide, to the extent feasible--
                    (A) flexibility in timing for the initiation of 
                approved research awards granted by such agency;
                    (B) no-cost extensions of such research awards;
                    (C) award supplements, as appropriate, to research 
                awards to sustain research activities conducted under 
                such awards; and
                    (D) any other appropriate accommodations at the 
                discretion of the director of each such agency.
    (b) Uniformity of Guidance.--In providing guidance under subsection 
(a), the Director shall encourage uniformity, to the extent 
practicable, and consistency in the policies established pursuant to 
such guidance across all Federal research agencies.
    (c) Establishment of Policies.--Consistent, to the extent 
practicable, with the guidance under subsection (a), Federal research 
agencies shall--
            (1) maintain or develop and implement policies for 
        individuals described in paragraph (1)(B) of such subsection; 
        and
            (2) broadly disseminate in easily accessible formats such 
        policies to current and potential award recipients.
    (d) Data on Usage.--Federal research agencies shall consider--
            (1) collecting data, including demographic data that can be 
        disaggregated by sex, geographic location, and socioeconomic 
        indicators, which may include employment status, occupation, 
        educational attainment, parental education, and income, on the 
        usage of the policies under subsection (c), at both 
        institutions of higher education and Federal laboratories; and
            (2) reporting such data on an annual basis to the Director 
        in such form as required by the Director.

SEC. 10502. COLLECTION AND REPORTING OF DATA ON FEDERAL RESEARCH 
              AWARDS.

    (a) Collection of Data.--
            (1) In general.--Each Federal research agency shall 
        collect, as practicable, with respect to all applications for 
        merit-reviewed research and development awards made by such 
        agency, standardized record-level annual information on 
        demographics, primary field, award type, institution type, 
        review rating, budget request, funding outcome, and awarded 
        budget.
            (2) Uniformity and standardization.--The Director, in 
        consultation with the heads of each Federal research agency, 
        shall establish, and update as necessary, a policy to ensure 
        uniformity and standardization of the data collection required 
        under paragraph (1).
            (3) Record-level data.--
                    (A) Requirement.--Beginning not later than two 
                years after the issuance of the policy under paragraph 
                (2) to Federal research agencies, and on an annual 
                basis thereafter, each Federal research agency shall 
                submit to the National Center for Science and 
                Engineering Statistics record-level data collected 
                under paragraph (1) in the form required by the 
                Director of the National Science Foundation.
                    (B) Previous data.--As part of the first submission 
                under subparagraph (A), each Federal research agency, 
                to the extent practicable, shall also submit comparable 
                record-level data, if it is available to the agency, 
                for the five years preceding the date of such 
                submission, or an analysis for why such data cannot be 
                provided.
    (b) Reporting of Data.--The Director of the National Science 
Foundation shall publish statistical summary data, as practicable, 
collected under this section, disaggregated and cross-tabulated by 
race, ethnicity, sex, socioeconomic indicators, which may include 
employment status, occupation, educational attainment, parental 
education, and income, geographic location, and years since completion 
of doctoral degree, including in conjunction with the National Science 
Foundation's report required by section 37 of the Science and 
Engineering Equal Opportunities Act (42 U.S.C. 1885d; Public Law 96-
516).

SEC. 10503. POLICIES FOR REVIEW OF FEDERAL RESEARCH AWARDS.

    (a) Assessment of Policies.--Federal research agencies shall 
regularly assess, and update as necessary, policies, and practices to 
remove or reduce cultural and institutional barriers limiting the 
recruitment, retention, and success of groups historically 
underrepresented in STEM research careers, including policies and 
practices relevant to the unbiased review of Federal research 
applications.
    (b) Considerations and Activities.--In carrying out the 
requirements under subsection (a), Federal research agencies shall--
            (1) review current levels of participation of groups 
        historically underrepresented in STEM in peer-review panels and 
        consider approaches for expanding their participation;
            (2) analyze the data collected under section 10502, 
        including funding rates of proposals from all groups, including 
        those historically underrepresented in STEM;
            (3) collect and disseminate best practices to remove or 
        reduce cultural and institutional barriers limiting the 
        recruitment, retention, and success of groups historically 
        underrepresented in STEM research careers; and
            (4) implement evidence-based policies and practices to 
        achieve the goals of this section.

SEC. 10504. COLLECTION OF DATA ON DEMOGRAPHICS OF FACULTY.

    (a) Collection of Data.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 5 years after the date of 
        the enactment of this Act and at least every five years 
        thereafter, the Director of the National Science Foundation 
        shall carry out a survey to collect data from award recipients 
        on the demographics of STEM faculty, by broad fields of STEM, 
        at different types of institutions of higher education that 
        receive Federal research funding.
            (2) Survey considerations.--To the extent practicable, the 
        Director of the National Science Foundation shall survey, by 
        sex, race, socioeconomic indicators, which may include 
        employment status, occupation, educational attainment, parental 
        education, and income, geographic location, ethnicity, 
        citizenship status, and years since completion of doctoral 
        degree--
                    (A) the number and percentage of faculty;
                    (B) the number and percentage of faculty at each 
                rank;
                    (C) the number and percentage of faculty who are in 
                nontenure-track positions, including teaching and 
                research;
                    (D) the number and percentage of faculty who are 
                reviewed for promotion, including tenure, and the 
                percentage of that number who are promoted, including 
                being awarded tenure;
                    (E) faculty years in rank;
                    (F) the number and percentage of faculty to leave 
                tenure-track positions;
                    (G) the number and percentage of faculty hired, by 
                rank; and
                    (H) the number and percentage of faculty in 
                leadership positions.
    (b) Existing Surveys.--The Director of the National Science 
Foundation, may, in modifying or expanding existing Federal surveys of 
higher education (as necessary)--
            (1) take into account the considerations under subsection 
        (a)(2) by collaborating with statistical centers at other 
        Federal agencies; or
            (2) make an award to an institution of higher education or 
        nonprofit organization (or consortia thereof) to take such 
        considerations into account.
    (c) Reporting Data.--The Director of the National Science 
Foundation shall publish statistical summary data collected under this 
section, including as part of the National Science Foundation's report 
required by section 37 of the Science and Engineering Equal 
Opportunities Act (42 U.S.C. 1885d; Public Law 96-516).
    (d) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to the Director of the National Science Foundation 
$4,000,000 in each of fiscal years 2023 through 2025 to develop and 
carry out the initial survey required under subsection (a).

SEC. 10505. CULTURAL AND INSTITUTIONAL BARRIERS TO EXPANDING THE 
              ACADEMIC AND FEDERAL STEM WORKFORCE.

    (a) Best Practices.--
            (1) Development of guidance.--Not later than 12 months 
        after the date of enactment of this Act, the Director, in 
        consultation with the interagency working group on inclusion in 
        STEM and utilizing existing guidance already developed by 
        Federal research agencies where applicable, shall broadly 
        disseminate to entities that receive Federal research funding 
        best practices for--
                    (A) conducting periodic climate surveys of STEM 
                departments and divisions, with a particular focus on 
                identifying and addressing any cultural or 
                institutional barriers to the recruitment, retention, 
                or advancement of groups historically underrepresented 
                in STEM studies and careers; and
                    (B) providing educational opportunities, including 
                workshops, for STEM professionals to learn about 
                current research on effective practices for unbiased 
                recruitment, evaluation, and promotion of undergraduate 
                and graduate students and research personnel.
            (2) Establishment of policies.--Consistent with the 
        guidance developed under paragraph (1)--
                    (A) The Director of the National Science 
                Foundation, in consultation with the heads of Federal 
                research agencies, shall develop a policy that--
                            (i) applies to, at a minimum, doctoral 
                        degree granting institutions that receive 
                        Federal research funding; and
                            (ii) requires each such institution, not 
                        later than 3 years after the date of enactment 
                        of this Act, and to the extent practicable, to 
                        report to the Director of the National Science 
                        Foundation on activities and policies developed 
                        and implemented based on the guidance 
                        disseminated under paragraph (1); and
                    (B) each Federal research agency with a Federal 
                laboratory shall maintain or develop and implement 
                practices and policies for the purposes described in 
                paragraph (1) for such laboratory and, not later than 
                three years after the date of the enactment of this 
                Act, each Federal laboratory shall report to the head 
                of such agency on such practices and policies.
    (b) Report to Congress.--Not later than four years after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, the Director of the National Science 
Foundation shall submit a report to Congress that includes a summary 
and analysis of the types and frequency of activities and policies 
developed and carried out under subsection (a) based on the reports 
submitted under paragraph (2) of such subsection.

SEC. 10506. EXISTING ACTIVITIES.

     A Federal research agency may satisfy requirements under this 
subtitle through activities and programs in existence as of the date of 
the enactment of this Act.

SEC. 10507. REPORT TO CONGRESS.

    Not later than four years after the date of the enactment of this 
Act, the Director shall submit to Congress a report that includes the 
following:
            (1) A description and evaluation of the status and usage of 
        policies implemented pursuant to section 10505 at all Federal 
        research agencies, including any recommendations for revising 
        or expanding such policies.
            (2) With respect to efforts to remove or reduce cultural 
        and institutional barriers limiting the recruitment, retention, 
        and success of groups historically underrepresented in academic 
        and government STEM research careers under section 10505--
                    (A) what steps all Federal research agencies have 
                taken to implement policies and practices to further 
                such efforts;
                    (B) a description of any significant updates to the 
                policies for review of Federal research awards required 
                under such section; and
                    (C) any evidence of the impact of such policies on 
                the review or awarding of Federal research awards; and
            (3) A description and evaluation of the status of 
        institution of higher education and Federal laboratory policies 
        and practices required under section 10505, including any 
        recommendations for revising or expanding such policies.

SEC. 10508. MERIT REVIEW.

    Nothing in this subtitle may be construed as altering any 
intellectual or broader impacts criteria at Federal research agencies 
for evaluating award applications.

SEC. 10509. DETERMINATION OF BUDGETARY EFFECTS.

    The budgetary effects of this subtitle, for the purpose of 
complying with the Statutory Pay-As-You-Go Act of 2010, shall be 
determined by reference to the latest statement titled ``Budgetary 
Effects of PAYGO Legislation'' for this subtitle, submitted for 
printing in the Congressional Record by the Chairman of the House 
Budget Committee, provided that such statement has been submitted prior 
to the vote on passage.

SEC. 10510. DEFINITION.

    In this subtitle, the term ``Director'' means the Director of the 
Office of Science and Technology Policy.

               Subtitle B--Rural STEM Education Research

SEC. 10511. DEFINITION.

    In this subtitle, the term ``Director'' means the Director of the 
National Science Foundation.

SEC. 10512. NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION RURAL STEM ACTIVITIES.

    (a) Preparing Rural STEM Educators.--
            (1) In general.--The Director shall make awards on a merit- 
        reviewed, competitive basis to institutions of higher education 
        or nonprofit organizations (or a consortium thereof) for 
        research and development activities to advance innovative 
        approaches to support and sustain high-quality STEM teaching in 
        rural schools.
            (2) Use of funds.--
                    (A) In general.--Awards made under this subsection 
                shall be used for the research and development 
                activities referred to in paragraph (1), which may 
                include--
                            (i) engaging rural educators, principals, 
                        or other school leaders of students in 
                        prekindergarten through grade 12 in 
                        professional learning opportunities to enhance 
                        STEM knowledge, including computer science, and 
                        develop best practices;
                            (ii) supporting research on effective STEM 
                        teaching and school leadership practices in 
                        rural settings, including the use of rubrics 
                        and mastery- based grading practices to assess 
                        student performance when employing the 
                        transdisciplinary teaching approach for STEM 
                        disciplines;
                            (iii) designing and developing pre-service 
                        and in-service training resources to assist 
                        such rural educators, principals, and other 
                        school leaders in adopting transdisciplinary 
                        teaching practices across STEM courses;
                            (iv) coordinating with local partners to 
                        adapt STEM teaching practices to leverage 
                        local, natural, and community assets in order 
                        to support in-place learning in rural areas;
                            (v) providing hands-on training and 
                        research opportunities for rural educators 
                        described in clause (i) at Federal laboratories 
                        or institutions of higher education, or in 
                        industry;
                            (vi) developing training and best practices 
                        for educators who teach multiple grade levels 
                        within a STEM discipline;
                            (vii) designing and implementing 
                        professional development courses and 
                        experiences, including mentoring, for rural 
                        educators, principals, and other school leaders 
                        described in clause (i) that combine face-to-
                        face and online experiences; and
                            (viii) any other activity the Director 
                        determines will accomplish the goals of this 
                        paragraph.
                    (B) Rural stem collaborative.--The Director shall 
                establish a pilot program of regional cohorts in rural 
                areas that will provide peer support, mentoring, and 
                hands-on research experiences for rural STEM educators, 
                principals, and other school leaders of students in 
                prekindergarten through grade 12, in order to build an 
                ecosystem of cooperation among educators, principals, 
                other school leaders, researchers, academia, and local 
                industry.
    (b) Broadening Participation of Rural Students in STEM.--
            (1) In general.--The Director shall make awards on a merit- 
        reviewed, competitive basis to institutions of higher education 
        or nonprofit organizations (or a consortium thereof) for--
                    (A) research and development of programming to 
                identify the barriers rural students face in accessing 
                high-quality STEM education; and
                    (B) development of innovative solutions to improve 
                the participation and advancement of rural students in 
                prekindergarten through grade 12 in STEM studies.
            (2) Use of funds.--
                    (A) In general.--Awards made under this subsection 
                shall be used for the research and development 
                activities referred to in paragraph (1), which may 
                include--
                            (i) developing partnerships with community 
                        colleges to offer advanced STEM course work, 
                        including computer science, to rural high 
                        school students;
                            (ii) supporting research on effective STEM 
                        practices in rural settings;
                            (iii) implementing a school-wide STEM 
                        approach, including preparation and support for 
                        principals and other school leaders;
                            (iv) improving the Foundation's Advanced 
                        Technology Education program's coordination and 
                        engagement with rural communities;
                            (v) collaborating with existing community 
                        partners and networks, such as the Cooperative 
                        Extension System services and extramural 
                        research programs of the Department of 
                        Agriculture and youth serving organizations 
                        like 4-H, after school STEM programs, and 
                        summer STEM programs, to leverage community 
                        resources and develop place-based programming;
                            (vi) connecting rural school districts and 
                        institutions of higher education, to improve 
                        precollegiate STEM education and engagement;
                            (vii) supporting partnerships that offer 
                        hands- on inquiry-based science activities, 
                        including coding, and access to lab resources 
                        for students studying STEM in prekindergarten 
                        through grade 12 in a rural area;
                            (viii) evaluating the role of broadband 
                        connectivity and its associated impact on the 
                        STEM and technology literacy of rural students;
                            (ix) building capacity to support 
                        extracurricular STEM programs in rural schools, 
                        including mentor-led engagement programs, STEM 
                        programs held during non-school hours, STEM 
                        networks, makerspaces, coding activities, and 
                        competitions;
                            (x) creating partnerships with local 
                        industries and local educational agencies to 
                        tailor STEM curricula and educational 
                        experiences to the needs of a particular local 
                        or regional economy; and
                            (xi) any other activity the Director 
                        determines will accomplish the goals of this 
                        paragraph.
    (c) Application.--An applicant seeking an award under subsection 
(a) or (b) shall submit an application at such time, in such manner, 
and containing such information as the Director may require. The 
application may include the following:
            (1) A description of the target population to be served by 
        the research activity or activities for which such award is 
        sought.
            (2) A description of the process for recruitment and 
        selection of students, educators, principals, and other school 
        leaders, or schools from rural areas to participate in such 
        activity or activities.
            (3) A description of how such activity or activities may 
        inform efforts to promote the engagement and achievement of 
        rural students in prekindergarten through grade 12 in STEM 
        studies.
            (4) In the case of a proposal consisting of a partnership 
        or partnerships with one or more rural schools and one or more 
        researchers, a plan for establishing a sustained partnership 
        that is jointly developed and managed, draws from the 
        capacities of each partner, and is mutually beneficial.
    (d) Partnerships.--In making awards under subsection (a) or (b), 
the Director shall--
            (1) encourage applicants which, for the purpose of the 
        activity or activities funded through the award, include or 
        partner with a nonprofit organization or an institution of 
        higher education (or a consortium thereof) that has extensive 
        experience and expertise in increasing the participation of 
        rural students in prekindergarten through grade 12 in STEM;
            (2) encourage applicants which, for the purpose of the 
        activity or activities funded through the award, include or 
        partner with a consortium of rural schools or rural school 
        districts; and
            (3) encourage applications which, for the purpose of the 
        activity or activities funded through the award, include 
        commitments from school principals, other school leaders, and 
        administrators to making reforms and activities proposed by the 
        applicant a priority.
    (e) Evaluations.--All proposals for awards under subsections (a) 
and (b) shall include an evaluation plan that includes the use of 
outcome-oriented measures to assess the impact and efficacy of the 
award. Each recipient of an award under this subsection shall include 
results from these evaluative activities in annual and final projects.
    (f) Accountability and Dissemination.--
            (1) Evaluation required.--The Director shall evaluate the 
        portfolio of awards made under subsections (a) and (b). Such 
        evaluation shall--
                    (A) use a common set of benchmarks and tools to 
                assess the results of research conducted under such 
                awards and identify best practices; and
                    (B) to the extent practicable, integrate the 
                findings of research resulting from the activity or 
                activities funded through such awards with the findings 
                of other research on rural students' pursuit of degrees 
                or careers in STEM.
            (2) Report on evaluations.--Not later than 180 days after 
        the completion of the evaluation under paragraph (1), the 
        Director shall submit to Congress and make widely available to 
        the public a report that includes--
                    (A) the results of the evaluation; and
                    (B) any recommendations for administrative and 
                legislative action that could optimize the 
                effectiveness of the awards made under this subsection.
    (g) Report by Committee on Equal Opportunities in Science and 
Engineering.--As part of the first report required by section 36(e) of 
the Science and Engineering Equal Opportunities Act (42 U.S.C. 
1885c(e)) transmitted to Congress after the date of enactment of this 
division, the Committee on Equal Opportunities in Science and 
Engineering, in consultation with the Chief Diversity Officer of the 
National Science Foundation, shall include--
            (1) a description of past and present policies and 
        activities of the Foundation to encourage full participation of 
        students in rural communities in science, mathematics, 
        engineering, and computer science fields;
            (2) an assessment of trends in participation of rural 
        students in prekindergarten through grade 12 in Foundation 
        activities; and
            (3) an assessment of the policies and activities of the 
        Foundation, along with proposals for new strategies or the 
        broadening of existing successful strategies towards 
        facilitating the goal of increasing participation of rural 
        students in prekindergarten through grade 12 in Foundation 
        activities.
    (h) Coordination.--In carrying out this subsection, the Director 
shall, for purposes of enhancing program effectiveness and avoiding 
duplication of activities, consult, cooperate, and coordinate with the 
programs and policies of other relevant Federal agencies.
    (i) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to the Director--
            (1) $8,000,000 to carry out the activities under subsection 
        (a) for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027; and
            (2) $12,000,000 to carry out the activities under 
        subsection (b) for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027.

SEC. 10513. OPPORTUNITIES FOR ONLINE EDUCATION.

    (a) In General.--The Director shall make competitive awards to 
institutions of higher education or nonprofit organizations (or a 
consortium thereof, which may include a private sector partner) to 
conduct research on online STEM education courses for rural 
communities.
    (b) Research Areas.--The research areas eligible for funding under 
this subsection shall include--
            (1) evaluating the learning and achievement of rural 
        students in prekindergarten through grade 12 in STEM subjects;
            (2) understanding how computer-based and online 
        professional development courses and mentor experiences can be 
        integrated to meet the needs of educators, principals, and 
        other school leaders of rural students in prekindergarten 
        through grade 12;
            (3) combining computer-based and online STEM education and 
        training with mentoring and other applied learning 
        arrangements;
            (4) leveraging online programs to supplement STEM studies 
        for rural students that need physical and academic 
        accommodation; and
            (5) any other activity the Director determines will 
        accomplish the goals of this subsection.
    (c) Evaluations.--All proposals for awards under this section shall 
include an evaluation plan that includes the use of outcome-oriented 
measures to assess the impact and efficacy of the award. Each recipient 
of an award under this subsection shall include results from these 
evaluative activities in annual and final projects.
    (d) Accountability and Dissemination.--
            (1) Evaluation required.--The Director shall evaluate the 
        portfolio of awards made under this subsection. Such evaluation 
        shall--
                    (A) use a common set of benchmarks and tools to 
                assess the results of research conducted under such 
                awards and identify best practices; and
                    (B) to the extent practicable, integrate findings 
                from activities carried out pursuant to research 
                conducted under this section, with respect to the 
                pursuit of careers and degrees in STEM, with those 
                activities carried out pursuant to other research on 
                serving rural students and communities.
            (2) Report on evaluations.--Not later than 180 days after 
        the completion of the evaluation under paragraph (1), the 
        Director shall submit to Congress and make widely available to 
        the public a report that includes--
                    (A) the results of the evaluation; and
                    (B) any recommendations for administrative and 
                legislative action that could optimize the 
                effectiveness of the awards made under this section.
    (e) Coordination.--In carrying out this section, the Director 
shall, for purposes of enhancing program effectiveness and avoiding 
duplication of activities, consult, cooperate, and coordinate with the 
programs and policies of other relevant Federal agencies.

SEC. 10514. NATIONAL ACADEMIES EVALUATION.

    (a) Study.--Not later than 12 months after the date of enactment of 
this division, the Director shall enter into an agreement with the 
National Academies under which the National Academies agree to conduct 
an evaluation and assessment that--
            (1) evaluates the quality and quantity of current Federal 
        programming and research directed at examining STEM education 
        for students in prekindergarten through grade 12 and workforce 
        development in rural areas;
            (2) in coordination with the Federal Communications 
        Commission, assesses the impact that the scarcity of broadband 
        connectivity in rural communities, and the affordability of 
        broadband connectivity, have on STEM and technical literacy for 
        students in prekindergarten through grade 12 in rural areas;
            (3) assesses the core research and data needed to 
        understand the challenges rural areas are facing in providing 
        quality STEM education and workforce development;
            (4) makes recommendations for action at the Federal, State, 
        and local levels for improving STEM education, including online 
        STEM education, for students in prekindergarten through grade 
        12 and workforce development in rural areas; and
            (5) makes recommendations to inform the implementation of 
        programs in sections 10512 and 10513 (___-LOG262) and (___-
        LOG263).
    (b) Report to Director.--The agreement entered into under 
subsection (a) shall require the National Academies, not later than 24 
months after the date of enactment of this division, to submit to the 
Director a report on the study conducted under such paragraph, 
including the National Academies' findings and recommendations.
    (c) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to the Director to carry out this section $1,000,000 for 
fiscal year 2023.

SEC. 10515. GAO REVIEW.

    Not later than 3 years after the date of enactment of this 
division, the Comptroller General of the United States shall conduct a 
study on the engagement of rural populations in Federal STEM education 
programs and submit to Congress a report that includes--
            (1) an assessment of how Federal STEM education programs 
        are serving rural populations;
            (2) a description of initiatives carried out by Federal 
        agencies that are targeted at supporting STEM education in 
        rural areas;
            (3) an assessment of what is known about the impact and 
        effectiveness of Federal investments in STEM education programs 
        that are targeted to rural areas; and
            (4) an assessment of challenges that State and Federal STEM 
        education programs face in reaching rural population centers.

SEC. 10516. NIST ENGAGEMENT WITH RURAL COMMUNITIES.

    (a) Prize Competition.--Pursuant to section 24 of the Stevenson-
Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3719), the 
Secretary of Commerce shall carry out a program to award prizes 
competitively to stimulate research and development of creative 
technologies to support the deployment of affordable and reliable 
broadband connectivity in rural communities, including unserved rural 
communities.
    (b) Plan for Deployment in Rural Communities.--Each proposal 
submitted pursuant to subsection (a) shall include a proposed plan for 
deployment of the technology that is the subject of such proposal.
    (c) Prize Amount.--In carrying out the program under subsection 
(a), the Secretary may award not more than a total of $5,000,000 to one 
or more winners of the prize competition.
    (d) Report.--Not later than 60 days after the date on which a prize 
is awarded under the prize competition, the Secretary shall submit to 
the relevant committees of Congress a report that describes the winning 
proposal of the prize competition.
    (e) Consultation.--In carrying out the program under this section, 
the Secretary shall consult with the Federal Communications Commission 
and the heads of relevant departments and agencies of the Federal 
Government.

                    Subtitle C--MSI STEM Achievement

SEC. 10521. GAO REVIEW.

    Not later than three years after the date of the enactment of this 
Act, the Comptroller General of the United States shall report to 
Congress--
            (1) an inventory of competitive funding programs and 
        initiatives carried out by Federal research agencies that are 
        targeted to HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs or partnerships with HBCUs, 
        TCUs, and MSIs;
            (2) an assessment of Federal research agency outreach 
        activities to increase the participation and competitiveness of 
        HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs in the funding programs and initiatives 
        identified in paragraph (1); and
            (3) recommendations of the Comptroller General to increase 
        the participation of and the rate of success of HBCUs, TCUs, 
        and MSIs in competitive funding programs offered by Federal 
        research agencies.

SEC. 10522. AGENCY RESPONSIBILITIES.

    (a) In General.--In consultation with outside stakeholders and the 
heads of Federal research agencies and the Interagency Working Group on 
Inclusion in STEM, the Director of the Office of Science and Technology 
Policy shall develop a uniform set of policy guidelines for Federal 
research agencies to carry out a sustained program of outreach 
activities to increase clarity, transparency, and accountability for 
Federal research agency investments in STEM education and research 
activities at HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs, including such institutions in 
rural areas.
    (b) Outreach Activities.--In developing policy guidelines under 
subsection (a) the Director of the Office of Science and Technology 
Policy shall include guidelines that require each Federal research 
agency--
            (1) to designate a liaison for HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs 
        responsible for--
                    (A) enhancing direct communication with HBCUs, 
                TCUs, and MSIs to increase the Federal research 
                agency's understanding of the capacity and needs of 
                such institutions and to raise awareness of available 
                Federal funding opportunities at such institutions;
                    (B) coordinating programs, activities, and 
                initiatives while accounting for the capacity and needs 
                of HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs;
                    (C) tracking Federal research agency investments in 
                and engagement with HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs; and
                    (D) reporting progress toward increasing 
                participation of HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs in award 
                programs;
            (2) to the extent practicable, to produce an annual summary 
        of funding opportunities and proposal deadlines targeted at 
        HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs, including for grants, contracts, 
        subcontracts, and cooperative agreements;
            (3) to the extent practicable, identifying in annual budget 
        requests potential areas for collaboration with HBCUs, TCUs, 
        and MSIs in the relevant fiscal year, including relating to 
        potential meetings and workshops;
            (4) to investigate proposal structures that support broader 
        participation by emerging research institutions, including 
        HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs;
            (5) to conduct on-site reviews of research facilities at 
        HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs, as practicable, and make recommendations 
        regarding strategies for becoming more competitive in research;
            (6) to hold geographically accessible or virtual workshops 
        on research priorities of the Federal research agency and on 
        how to write competitive award proposals and how to bolster 
        award management capacity for the entire award lifecycle, from 
        application to completion;
            (7) to ensure opportunities for HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs to 
        directly communicate with Federal research agency officials 
        responsible for managing competitive award programs in order to 
        receive feedback on research ideas and proposals, including 
        guidance on the Federal research agency's merit review process; 
        and
            (8) to foster mutually beneficial public-private 
        collaboration among Federal research agencies, industry, 
        Federal laboratories, academia, and nonprofit organizations 
        to--
                    (A) identify alternative sources of funding for 
                STEM education and research at HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs;
                    (B) provide access to high-quality, relevant 
                research experiences for students and faculty of HBCUs, 
                TCUs, and MSIs;
                    (C) expand the professional networks of students 
                and faculty of HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs;
                    (D) broaden STEM educational opportunities for 
                students and faculty of HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs; and
                    (E) support the transition of students of HBCUs, 
                TCUs, and MSIs into the STEM workforce;
    (c) Strategic Plan.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than one year after the date of 
        the enactment of this Act, the Director of the Office of 
        Science and Technology Policy, in collaboration with the head 
        of each Federal research agency, shall submit to Congress a 
        report containing a strategic plan which reflects the plans of 
        each Federal research agency to increase the capacity of HBCUs, 
        TCUs, and MSIs to compete effectively for grants, contracts, or 
        cooperative agreements and to encourage HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs 
        to participate in Federal programs.
            (2) Considerations.--In developing a strategic plan under 
        paragraph (1), the Director and the head of each Federal 
        research agency shall consider the following:
                    (A) Issuing new or expanding existing funding 
                opportunities targeted to HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs.
                    (B) Modifying existing research and development 
                program solicitations to incentivize effective 
                partnerships with HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs.
                    (C) Offering planning grants for HBCUs, TCUs, and 
                MSIs to develop or equip grant offices with the 
                requisite depth of knowledge to submit competitive 
                grant proposals and manage awarded grants.
                    (D) Offering additional training programs, 
                including individualized and timely guidance to grant 
                officers, faculty, and postdoctoral researchers at 
                HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs to ensure their understanding of 
                the requirements for an effective grant proposal.
                    (E) Other approaches for making current competitive 
                funding models more accessible for underresourced 
                HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs.
    (d) Report on Policy Guidelines.--Not later than two years after 
the date of the enactment of this Act and every five years thereafter, 
the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy shall 
report to Congress on the implementation by Federal research agencies 
of the policy guidelines developed under this section.
    (e) Report on Coordination of Federal STEM Education.--Subsection 
(d) of section 101(d) of the America COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 
2010 (42 U.S.C. 6621) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (7) by striking ``and'';
            (2) in paragraph (8) by striking the period at the end;
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(9) an account of Federal research agency investments in 
        HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs, including, to the degree practicable, 
        data on the level of participation of HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs as 
        prime recipients, contractors, subrecipients, or subcontractors 
        of an award, or reasonable estimates thereof; and
            ``(10) a description of material changes to the 
        implementation of section 10522 of the Research and 
        Development, Competition, and Innovation Act.''.

SEC. 10523. RESEARCH AT THE NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION.

    (a) In General.--The Director shall make awards, on a competitive 
basis, to institutions of higher education or nonprofit organizations 
(or consortia thereof) to--
            (1) conduct research described in subsection (b) with 
        respect to HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs; and
            (2) identify and broadly disseminate effective models for 
        programs and practices at HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs that promote 
        the education and workforce preparation of minority students 
        pursuing STEM studies and careers in which such students are 
        underrepresented.
    (b) Research.--Research described in this subsection is research on 
the contribution of HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs to the education and training 
of underrepresented minority students in STEM fields and to the meeting 
of national STEM workforce needs, including relating to the following:
            (1) The diversity with respect to local context, cultural 
        differences, and institutional structure among HBCUs, TCUs, and 
        MSIs and any associated impact on education and research 
        endeavors.
            (2) Effective practices at HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs and 
        associated outcomes on student recruitment, retention, and 
        advancement in STEM fields, including the ability for students 
        to compete for fellowships, employment, and advancement in the 
        workforce.
            (3) Contributions made by HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs to local, 
        regional, and national workforces.
            (4) The challenges and opportunities for HBCUs, TCUs, and 
        MSIs in attaining the resources needed for integrating 
        effective practices in STEM education, including providing 
        research experiences for underrepresented minority students.
            (5) The access of students at HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs to STEM 
        infrastructure and any associated outcomes for STEM competency.
            (6) Models of STEM curriculum, learning, and teaching 
        successful at HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs for increasing 
        participation, retention, and success of underrepresented 
        minority students.
            (7) Successful or promising partnerships between HBCUs, 
        TCUs, and MSIs and other institutions of higher education, 
        private sector and nonprofit organizations, Federal 
        laboratories, and international research institutions.
    (c) Research Experiences.--Awards under this section may fund the 
development or expansion of opportunities for the exchange of students 
and faculty to conduct research, facilitate professional development, 
and provide mentorship, including through partnerships with 
institutions of higher education that are not HBCUs, TCUs, or MSIs, 
private sector and nonprofit organizations, Federal laboratories, and 
international research institutions.

SEC. 10524. CAPACITY-BUILDING PROGRAM FOR DEVELOPING UNIVERSITIES.

    (a) Awards.--
            (1) In general.--The Director shall make awards, on a 
        competitive basis, to eligible institutions described in 
        subsection (b) to support the mission of the Foundation and to 
        build institutional research capacity at eligible institutions.
            (2) Administration.--The Director may administer separate 
        competitions for each category of eligible institution 
        described in subparagraphs (A) through (C) of subsection (b)(1) 
        in order to ensure fair competition for institutions with 
        significantly different research capacities.
    (b) Eligible Institutions.--To be eligible to receive an award 
under this subsection, an entity--
            (1) shall be--
                    (A) a historically Black college or university;
                    (B) a Tribal College or University;
                    (C) a minority-serving institution;
                    (D) an institution of higher education with an 
                established STEM capacity-building program focused on 
                Native Hawaiians and Alaska Natives; or
                    (E) consortia thereof;
            (2) shall--
                    (A) have not more than $50,000,000 in annual 
                federally financed research and development 
                expenditures for science and engineering as reported 
                through the National Science Foundation Higher 
                Education Research and Development Survey; or
                    (B) not be an institution classified as having very 
                high research activity by the Carnegie Classification 
                of Institutions of Higher Education.
    (c) Partnerships.--In making awards under this section, the 
Director shall--
            (1) encourage entities that are consortia of eligible 
        institutions to submit proposals and require such proposals to 
        include a plan for establishing a sustained partnership that is 
        jointly developed and managed, draws from the capacities of 
        each institution, and is mutually beneficial;
            (2) encourage proposals submitted in partnership with the 
        private sector, nonprofit organizations, Federal laboratories, 
        and international research institutions, as appropriate;
            (3) require proposals described in paragraphs (1) and (2) 
        to include a plan to strengthen the administrative and research 
        capacity of the partnering HBCUs, TCUs, or MSIs to lead future 
        proposals.
    (d) Very High Research Activity Status Historically Black Colleges 
and Universities Program.--Awards under this section may be used to 
enable HBCUs which have high research activity status to achieve very 
high research activity status, as classified under the Carnegie 
Classification of Institutions of Higher Education, by enabling--
            (1) faculty professional development;
            (2) stipends for graduate and undergraduate students, and 
        postdoctoral scholars;
            (3) acquisition of laboratory equipment and 
        instrumentation; and
            (4) other activities as necessary to build research 
        capacity.
    (e) Proposals.--To receive an award under this subsection, an 
eligible institution shall submit an application to the Director at 
such time, in such manner, and containing such information as the 
Director may require, including--
            (1) a plan that describes how the eligible institution will 
        establish or expand research office capacity and how such award 
        would be used to--
                    (A) conduct an assessment of capacity-building and 
                research infrastructure needs of an eligible 
                institution;
                    (B) enhance institutional resources to provide 
                administrative research development support to faculty 
                at an eligible institution;
                    (C) bolster the institutional research 
                competitiveness of an eligible institution to support 
                awards made by the Foundation;
                    (D) support the acquisition of instrumentation 
                necessary to build research capacity at an eligible 
                institution in research areas directly associated with 
                the Foundation;
                    (E) increase capability of an eligible institution 
                to move technology into the marketplace;
                    (F) increase engagement with industry to execute 
                research through the SBIR and STTR programs (as such 
                terms are defined in section 9(e) of the Small Business 
                Act (15 U.S.C. 638(e)) and direct contracts at an 
                eligible institution;
                    (G) enhance STEM curriculum and research training 
                opportunities at the undergraduate, graduate, and 
                postdoctoral levels at an eligible institution;
                    (H) further faculty development initiatives and 
                strengthen institutional research training 
                infrastructure, capacity, and competitiveness of an 
                eligible institution;
                    (I) address plans and prospects for long-term 
                sustainability of institutional enhancements at an 
                eligible institution resulting from the award 
                including, if applicable, how the award may be 
                leveraged by an eligible institution to build a broader 
                base of support; and
                    (J) develop and implement mechanisms for 
                institutions of higher education to partner with HBCUs, 
                TCUs, and MSIs on STEM education, including the 
                facilitation of student exchanges, course and resource 
                sharing, collaboration, and matriculation of students 
                to either institution's graduate programs, mentoring 
                programs for students and junior faculty, joint 
                research projects, and student access to graduate 
                education; and
            (2) as relevant, a plan, which shall be updated every three 
        years, that describes the institution's strategy to achieve 
        very high research activity status, including making 
        investments with institutional and non-Federal funds, to 
        achieve that status within a decade of the grant award, to the 
        extent practicable.
    (f) MSI Centers of Innovation.--Awards under this section may fund 
the establishment of not more than five MSI Centers of Innovation to 
leverage successes of HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs in STEM education and 
research training of underrepresented minority students as models for 
other institutions, including both HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs and 
institutions of higher education that are not HBCUs, TCUs, or MSIs. 
Such centers will be located on campuses of selected HBCUs, TCUs, or 
MSIs, and serve as incubators to allow institutions of higher education 
to experiment, pilot, evaluate, and scale up promising practices.
    (g) Awards.--Awards made under this subsection shall be for periods 
of three years and may be extended for periods of not more than five 
years.
    (h) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to the Director $200,000,000 for fiscal year 2023 and 
$250,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2024 through 2027 to carry out 
the activities in this section and section 10523.
    (i) Report on Improving the Research Capacity at High Research 
Activity Historically Black Colleges and Universities.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than one year after the date of 
        the enactment of this Act, the National Science and Technology 
        Council shall prepare and submit a report that--
                    (A) identifies challenges and barriers to Federal 
                research and development awards for high research 
                activity status HBCUs; and
                    (B) identifies recommendations for Federal research 
                agencies to sustainably boost the research capacity of 
                high research activity status HBCUs through awards-
                making authorities.
            (2) Report submission.--The National Science and Technology 
        Council shall transmit the report required under paragraph (1) 
        to the Director, the Administrator of the National Aeronautics 
        and Space Administration, the Secretary of Agriculture, the 
        Secretary of Commerce, the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary 
        of Energy, the Secretary of Health and Human Services, and the 
        heads of other such agencies as determined relevant by the 
        National Science and Technology Council.
            (3) Information from federal agencies.--The National 
        Science and Technology Council may secure directly from a 
        Federal department or agency such information as the National 
        Science and Technology Council considers necessary to prepare 
        the report required under paragraph (1). Upon a request from 
        the National Science and Technology Council, the head of a 
        Federal department or agency shall furnish such information as 
        is requested to the National Science and Technology Council.

SEC. 10525. TRIBAL COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES PROGRAM.

    (a) Awards to Broaden Tribal College and University Student 
Participation in Computer Science.--Section 525 of the America COMPETES 
Reauthorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 1862p-13) is amended by adding 
at the end the following:
    ``(d) Awards to Broaden Tribal College and University Student 
Participation in Computer Science.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Director, as part of the program 
        authorized under this section, shall make awards on a 
        competitive, merit-reviewed basis to eligible entities to 
        increase the participation of Tribal populations in computer 
        science and computational thinking education programs to enable 
        students to develop skills and competencies in coding, problem-
        solving, critical thinking, creativity and collaboration.
            ``(2) Purpose.--Awards made under this subsection shall 
        support--
                    ``(A) research and development needed to bring 
                computer science and computational thinking courses and 
                degrees to Tribal Colleges or Universities;
                    ``(B) research and development of instructional 
                materials needed to integrate computer science and 
                computational thinking into programs that are 
                culturally relevant to students attending Tribal 
                Colleges or Universities;
                    ``(C) research, development and evaluation of 
                distance education for computer science and 
                computational thinking courses and degree programs for 
                students attending Tribal Colleges and Universities; 
                and
                    ``(D) other activities consistent with the 
                activities described in paragraphs (1) through (4) of 
                subsection (b), as determined by the Director.
            ``(3) Partnerships.--A Tribal College or University seeking 
        an award under this subsection, or consortia thereof, may 
        partner with an institution of higher education or nonprofit 
        organization with demonstrated expertise in academic program 
        development.
            ``(4) Coordination.--In carrying out this subsection, the 
        Director shall consult and cooperate with the programs and 
        policies of other relevant Federal agencies to avoid 
        duplication with and enhance the effectiveness of the program 
        under this subsection.
            ``(5) Authorization of appropriations.--There are 
        authorized to be appropriated to the Director $2,000,000 in 
        each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027 to carry out this 
        subsection.''.
    (b) Evaluation.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than two years after the date of 
        the enactment of this Act, the Director shall evaluate the 
        award program authorized under section 525 of the America 
        COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 1862p-13), as 
        amended by subsection (a).
            (2) Requirements.--In conducting the evaluation under 
        paragraph (1), the Director shall, as practicable--
                    (A) use a common set of benchmarks and assessment 
                tools to identify best practices and materials 
                developed or demonstrated by the research conducted 
                pursuant to award programs under section 525 of the 
                America COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 
                1862p-13), as amended by subsection (a);
                    (B) include an assessment of the effectiveness of 
                such award programs in expanding access to high quality 
                STEM education, research, and outreach at Tribal 
                Colleges or Universities, as applicable;
                    (C) assess the number of students who participated 
                in such award programs; and
                    (D) assess the percentage of students participating 
                in such award programs who successfully complete their 
                education programs.
            (3) Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date on 
        which the evaluation under paragraph (1) is completed, the 
        Director shall submit to Congress and make available to the 
        public, a report on the results of the evaluation, including 
        any recommendations for legislative action that could optimize 
        the effectiveness of the award program authorized under section 
        525 of the America COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 2010, as 
        amended by subsection (a).

SEC. 10526. DEFINITIONS.

    In this subtitle:
            (1) Director.--The term ``Director'' means the Director of 
        the National Science Foundation.
            (2) HBCU.--The term ``HBCU'' has the meaning given the term 
        ``part B institution'' in section 322 of the Higher Education 
        Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1061).
            (3) Minority serving institution.--The term ``minority 
        serving institution'' or ``MSI'' means Hispanic-Serving 
        Institutions as defined in section 502 of the Higher Education 
        Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1101a); Alaska Native Serving 
        Institutions and Native Hawaiian-Serving Institutions as 
        defined in section 317 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
        U.S.C. 1059d); and Predominantly Black Institutions, Asian 
        American and Native American Pacific Islander-Serving 
        Institutions, and Native American-Serving Nontribal 
        Institutions as defined in section 371 of the Higher Education 
        Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1067q(c)).
            (4) TCU.--The term ``TCU'' has the meaning given the term 
        ``Tribal College or University'' in section 316 of the Higher 
        Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1059c).

           Subtitle D--Combating Sexual Harassment in Science

SEC. 10531. FINDINGS.

    Congress makes the following findings:
            (1) According to the report issued by the National 
        Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine in 2018 
        entitled ``Sexual Harassment of Women: Climate, Culture, and 
        Consequences in Academic Sciences, Engineering, and 
        Medicine''--
                    (A) sexual harassment is pervasive in institutions 
                of higher education;
                    (B) the most common type of sexual harassment is 
                gender harassment;
                    (C) 58 percent of individuals in the academic 
                workplace experience sexual harassment, the second 
                highest rate when compared to the military, the private 
                sector, and Federal, State, and local government;
                    (D) women who are members of racial or ethnic 
                minority groups are more likely to experience sexual 
                harassment and to feel unsafe at work than White women, 
                White men, or men who are members of such groups;
                    (E) the training for each individual who has a 
                Doctor of Philosophy in the science, technology, 
                engineering, and mathematics fields is estimated to 
                cost approximately $500,000; and
                    (F) attrition of an individual so trained results 
                in a loss of talent and money.
            (2) According to a 2017 University of Illinois study, among 
        astronomers and planetary scientists, 18 percent of women who 
        are members of racial or ethnic minority groups and 12 percent 
        of White women skipped professional events because they did not 
        feel safe attending.
            (3) Reporting procedures with respect to sexual harassment 
        are inconsistent among Federal research agencies and have 
        varying degrees of accessibility.
            (4) There is not adequate communication among Federal 
        research agencies and between such agencies and recipients 
        regarding reports of sexual harassment, which has resulted in 
        harassers receiving Federal funding after moving to a different 
        institution.

SEC. 10532. PURPOSE.

    The purpose of this subtitle is to increase understanding of the 
causes and consequences of sex-based and sexual harassment, as 
discussed in the report issued by the National Academies in 2018 
entitled ``Sexual Harassment of Women: Climate, Culture, and 
Consequences in Academic Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine'', and to 
advance evidence-based approaches to reduce the prevalence and negative 
impact of such harassment.

SEC. 10533. DEFINITION.

    In this subtitle, the term ``Director'' means the Director of the 
National Science Foundation.

SEC. 10534. RESEARCH AWARDS.

    (a) In General.--The Director shall make awards, on a competitive 
basis, to institutions of higher education or nonprofit organizations 
(or consortia of such institutions or organizations)--
            (1) to expand research efforts to better understand the 
        factors contributing to, and consequences of, sex-based and 
        sexual harassment affecting individuals in the STEM workforce, 
        including students and trainees; and
            (2) to examine approaches to reduce the incidence and 
        negative consequences of such harassment.
    (b) Use of Funds.--Activities funded by an award under this section 
may include--
            (1) research on the sex-based and sexual harassment 
        experiences of individuals, including in racial and ethnic 
        minority groups, disabled individuals, foreign nationals, 
        sexual-minority individuals, and others;
            (2) development and assessment of policies, procedures, 
        trainings, and interventions, with respect to sex-based and 
        sexual harassment, conflict management, and ways to foster 
        respectful and inclusive climates;
            (3) research on approaches for remediating the negative 
        impacts and outcomes of such harassment on individuals 
        experiencing such harassment;
            (4) support for institutions of higher education or 
        nonprofit organizations to develop, adapt, implement, and 
        assess the impact of innovative, evidence-based strategies, 
        policies, and approaches to policy implementation to prevent 
        and address sex-based and sexual harassment;
            (5) research on alternatives to the power dynamics, 
        hierarchical, and dependent relationships, including but not 
        limited to the mentor-mentee relationship, in academia that 
        have been shown to create higher levels of risk for and lower 
        levels of reporting of sex- based and sexual harassment; and
            (6) establishing a center for the ongoing compilation, 
        management, and analysis of organizational climate survey data.

SEC. 10535. RESPONSIBLE CONDUCT GUIDE.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
enactment of this Act, the Director shall enter into an agreement with 
the National Academies to update the report entitled ``On Being a 
Scientist: A Guide to Responsible Conduct in Research'' issued by the 
National Academies. The report, as so updated, shall include--
            (1) updated professional standards of conduct in research;
            (2) promising practices for preventing, addressing, and 
        mitigating the negative impact of sex-based and sexual 
        harassment, to include--
                    (A) standards of treatment individuals can expect 
                to receive under updated standards of conduct;
                    (B) evidence-based practices for fostering a 
                climate intolerant of sex-based, sexual, and other 
                forms of harassment;
                    (C) methods, including bystander intervention, for 
                identifying and addressing incidents of such 
                harassment; and
                    (D) professional standards for mentorship and 
                teaching with an emphasis on power diffusion mechanisms 
                and preventing such harassment; and
            (3) promising practices for mitigating potential security 
        risks that threaten research security.
    (b) Report.--Not later than 18 months after the effective date of 
the agreement under subsection (a), the National Academies, as part of 
such agreement, shall submit to the Director and the Committee on 
Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives and the 
Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate the 
report referred to in such subparagraph, as updated pursuant to such 
subparagraph.

SEC. 10536. INTERAGENCY WORKING GROUP.

    (a) In General.--The Director of the Office of Science and 
Technology Policy, acting through the National Science and Technology 
Council, shall establish or designate an interagency working group for 
the purpose of coordinating Federal research agency efforts to reduce 
the prevalence of sex-based and sexual harassment involving award 
personnel. In coordination with the working group on inclusion in STEM 
fields established under section 308 of the American Innovation and 
Competitiveness Act (42 U.S.C. 6626) and the Safe Inclusive Research 
Environments Subcommittee of the National Science and Technology 
Council, and in consultation with representatives from each Federal 
research agency, the Office for Civil Rights at the Department of 
Health and Human Services, the Office for Civil Rights at the 
Department of Education, and the Equal Employment Opportunity 
Commission, the working group shall--
            (1) not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment 
        of this Act, submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and 
        Technology, the Committee on Education and Labor, and the 
        Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of 
        Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
        Transportation and the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, 
        and Pensions of the Senate an inventory of Federal research 
        agency policies, procedures, and resources dedicated to 
        preventing and responding to reports of sex-based and sexual 
        harassment;
            (2) not later than 6 months after the date on which the 
        inventory is submitted under paragraph (1)--
                    (A) in consultation with outside stakeholders, 
                develop a consistent set of policy guidelines for 
                Federal research agencies; and
                    (B) submit a report to the committees referred to 
                in paragraph (1) containing such guidelines;
            (3) encourage and monitor efforts of Federal research 
        agencies to develop or maintain and implement policies based on 
        the guidelines developed under paragraph (2);
            (4) not later than 1 year after the date on which the 
        inventory under paragraph (1) is submitted, and every 5 years 
        thereafter, the Director of the Office of Science and 
        Technology Policy shall report to Congress on the 
        implementation by Federal research agencies of the policy 
        guidelines developed under paragraph (2); and
            (5) update such policy guidelines as needed.
    (b) Requirements.--In developing policy guidelines under subsection 
(a)(2), the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy 
shall include guidelines that require, to the extent practicable--
            (1) recipients to submit to the Federal research agency or 
        agencies from which the recipients receive funding reports 
        relating to--
                    (A) any decision made to launch a formal 
                investigation of sex-based or sexual harassment, 
                including bullying, retaliation, or hostile working 
                conditions by, or of, award personnel;
                    (B) administrative action, related to an allegation 
                against award personnel of any such harassment, as set 
                forth in organizational policies or codes of conduct, 
                statutes, regulations, or executive orders, that 
                affects the ability of award personnel or their 
                trainees to carry out the activities of the award;
                    (C) the total number of investigations with no 
                findings or determinations of misconduct including such 
                harassment;
                    (D) findings or determinations of such harassment, 
                as set forth in organizational policies or codes of 
                conduct, statutes, regulations, or Executive orders by, 
                or of, award personnel, including the final disposition 
                of a matter involving a violation of organizational 
                policies and processes, to include the exhaustion of 
                permissible appeals, or a determination of a sexual 
                offense in a court of law, or any other disciplinary 
                action taken;
            (2) the sharing, updating, and archiving of reports of sex- 
        based and sexual harassment from recipients submitted under 
        paragraph (1) with relevant Federal research agencies, on a 
        yearly basis and by agency request; and
            (3) consistency among Federal research agencies with regard 
        to the policies and procedures for receiving reports submitted 
        pursuant to paragraph (1).
            (4) FERPA.--The Director of the Office of Science and 
        Technology Policy shall ensure that such guidelines and 
        requirements are consistent with the requirements of section 
        444 of the General Education Provisions Act (20 U.S.C. 1232g) 
        (commonly referred to as the ``Family Educational Rights and 
        Privacy Act of 1974'').
            (5) Privacy protections.--The Director of the Office of 
        Science and Technology Policy shall ensure that such guidelines 
        and requirements--
                    (A) do not infringe upon the privacy rights of 
                individuals associated with reports submitted to 
                Federal research agencies; and
                    (B) do not require recipients to provide interim 
                reports to Federal research agencies.
    (c) Considerations.--In carrying out subsection (a)(2), the 
Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy shall consider 
issuing guidelines that require or incent--
            (1) recipients to periodically assess their organizational 
        climate, which may include the use of climate surveys, focus 
        groups, or exit interviews;
            (2) recipients to publish on a publicly available internet 
        website the results of assessments conducted pursuant to 
        paragraph (1), disaggregated by sex and, if practicable, race, 
        ethnicity, disability status, and sexual orientation, and in a 
        manner that does not include personally identifiable 
        information;
            (3) recipients to make public on an annual basis the number 
        of reports of sex-based and sexual harassment at that 
        institution or organization;
            (4) recipients to regularly assess and improve policies, 
        procedures, and interventions to reduce the prevalence of and 
        improve the reporting of sex-based and sexual harassment;
            (5) each entity applying for a research and development 
        award certify that a code of conduct is in place for 
        maintaining a healthy and welcoming workplace for award 
        personnel and posted on their public website;
            (6) each recipient and Federal research agency to have in 
        place mechanisms for addressing the needs of individuals who 
        have experienced sex-based and sexual harassment, including 
        those individuals seeking to reintegrate at the recipient 
        entity; and
            (7) recipients to work to create a climate intolerant of 
        sex- based and sexual harassment and that values and promotes 
        diversity and inclusion.
    (d) Federal Research Agency Implementation.--Not later than 270 
days after receiving the guidelines under paragraph (a)(2), each 
Federal research agency shall--
            (1) develop or maintain and implement policies with respect 
        to sex-based and sexual harassment that are consistent with 
        policy guidelines under subsection (a)(2) and that protect the 
        privacy of all parties involved in any report and investigation 
        of sex-based or sexual harassment, to the maximum extent 
        practicable; and
            (2) broadly disseminate such policies to current and 
        potential recipients of research and development awards made by 
        such agency.

SEC. 10537. NATIONAL ACADEMIES ASSESSMENT.

    Not later than 3 years after the date of enactment of this Act, the 
Director shall enter into an agreement with the National Academies to 
undertake a study and issue a report on the influence of sex-based and 
sexual harassment in institutions of higher education on the career 
advancement of individuals in the STEM workforce. The study shall 
assess--
            (1) the state of research on sex-based and sexual 
        harassment in such workforce;
            (2) whether research demonstrates a decrease in the 
        prevalence of sex-based and sexual harassment in such 
        workforce;
            (3) the progress made with respect to implementing 
        recommendations promulgated in the National Academies consensus 
        study report entitled ``Sexual Harassment of Women: Climate, 
        Culture, and Consequences in Academic Sciences, Engineering, 
        and Medicine'';
            (4) where to focus future efforts with respect to 
        decreasing the prevalence of sex-based and sexual harassment in 
        such institutions, including specific recommendations; and
            (5) other recommendations and issues, as the National 
        Academies determines appropriate.

SEC. 10538. GAO STUDY.

    Not later than 3 years after the date of enactment of this 
division, the Comptroller General of the United States shall--
            (1) complete a study that assesses the degree to which 
        Federal research agencies have implemented the policy 
        guidelines developed under section 10536(a)(2) and the 
        effectiveness of that implementation; and
            (2) submit a report to the Committee on Science, Space, and 
        Technology of the House of Representatives and the Committee on 
        Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate on the 
        results of such study, including recommendations on potential 
        changes to practices and policies to improve those guidelines 
        and that implementation.

SEC. 10539. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    There is authorized to be appropriated to the Director to carry out 
this subtitle, $32,500,000.

       TITLE VI--MISCELLANEOUS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY PROVISIONS

            Subtitle A--Supporting Early-career Researchers

SEC. 10601. EARLY-CAREER RESEARCH FELLOWSHIP PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--The Director of the National Science Foundation 
may establish a 2-year pilot program to make awards to highly qualified 
early-career investigators to carry out an independent research program 
at the institution of higher education or participating Federal 
research facility chosen by such investigator, to last for a period not 
greater than two years.
    (b) Selection Process.--The Director of the National Science 
Foundation shall select recipients under subsection (a) from among 
citizens, nationals, and lawfully admitted permanent resident aliens of 
the United States.
    (c) Outreach.--The Director of the National Science Foundation 
shall conduct program outreach to recruit fellowship applicants--
            (1) from all regions of the country;
            (2) from historically underrepresented populations in the 
        fields of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics; 
        and
            (3) who graduate from or intend to carry out research at a 
        variety of types of institutions of higher education, 
        including--
                    (A) historically Black colleges and universities;
                    (B) Tribal Colleges and Universities;
                    (C) minority-serving institutions;
                    (D) institutions of higher education that are not 
                among the top 50 institutions in annual Federal funding 
                for research; and
                    (E) EPSCoR institutions.
    (d) Special Consideration.--The Director of the National Science 
Foundation shall give special consideration and priority to an 
application from an individual who graduated from or is intending to 
carry out research at an institution of the type specified in 
subsection (c)(3).
    (e) Reports From Fellows.--Not later than 180 days after the end of 
the pilot program under this section, each early-career investigator 
who receives an award under the pilot program shall submit to the 
Director of the National Science Foundation a report that describes how 
the early-career investigator used the award funds.
    (f) Report From the Director.--Not later than 90 days after the 
conclusion of the second year of the pilot program, the Director of the 
National Science Foundation shall submit to Congress a report that 
includes the following:
            (1) A summary of the uses of award funds under this section 
        and the impact of the pilot program under this section.
            (2) Statistical summary data on fellowship awardees 
        disaggregated by race, ethnicity, sex, geography, age, years 
        since completion of doctoral degree, and institution type.
            (3) If determined effective, a plan for permanent 
        implementation of the pilot program.

SEC. 10602. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

     There is authorized to be appropriated to the Director of the 
National Science Foundation $250,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 
through 2024 to carry out the activities in this subtitle.

          Subtitle B--National Science and Technology Strategy

SEC. 10611. NATIONAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY STRATEGY.

    Section 206 of the National Science and Technology Policy, 
Organization, and Priorities Act of 1976 (42 U.S.C. 6615) is amended to 
read as follows:

``SEC. 206. NATIONAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY STRATEGY.

    ``(a) In General.--Not later than December 31 of the year 
immediately after the calendar year in which a review under section 
206B is completed, the Director of the Office of Science and Technology 
Policy shall, in coordination with the National Science and Technology 
Council, develop and submit to Congress a comprehensive national 
science and technology strategy of the United States to meet national 
research and development objectives for the following 4-year period (in 
this section referred to as `the national science and technology 
strategy').
    ``(b) Requirements.--In developing each national science and 
technology strategy described in subsection (a), the Director of the 
Office of Science and Technology Policy shall--
            ``(1) consider--
                    ``(A) the recommendations and priorities developed 
                by the review under section 206B;
                    ``(B) the most recently published interim or final 
                national security strategy report submitted pursuant to 
                section 108 of the National Security Act of 1947 (50 
                U.S.C. 3043);
                    ``(C) other relevant national plans, reports, and 
                strategies; and
                    ``(D) the strategic plans of relevant Federal 
                departments and agencies; and
            ``(2) include a description of--
                    ``(A) strategic objectives and research priorities 
                necessary to maintain and advance--
                            ``(i) the leadership of the United States 
                        in science and technology, including in the key 
                        technology focus areas, including near-term, 
                        medium-term, and long-term economic 
                        competitiveness; and
                            ``(ii) the leadership of the United States 
                        in technologies required to address societal 
                        and national challenges, including a transition 
                        to a circular economy;
                    ``(B) programs, policies, and activities that the 
                President recommends across all Federal departments and 
                agencies to achieve the strategic objectives and 
                research priorities described in subparagraph (A);
                    ``(C) plans to promote sustainability practices and 
                strategies for increasing jobs in the United States;
                    ``(D) global trends in science and technology, 
                including potential threats to the leadership of the 
                United States in science and technology and 
                opportunities for international collaboration in 
                science and technology; and
                    ``(E) plans to foster the development of 
                international partnerships to reinforce domestic policy 
                actions, build new markets, engage in collaborative 
                research, and create an international environment that 
                reflects United States values and protects United 
                States interests.
    ``(c) Consultation.--The Director of the Office of Science and 
Technology Policy shall consult as necessary with the Office of 
Management and Budget and other appropriate elements of the Executive 
Office of the President to ensure that the recommendations and 
priorities delineated in the science and technology strategy are 
incorporated in the development of annual budget requests.
    ``(d) Bi-Annual Briefing to Congress.--The Director of the Office 
of Science and Technology Policy shall provide on a bi-annual basis, 
after each release of the national science and technology strategy, a 
briefing to the relevant congressional committees, which may include 
updates on the following:
            ``(1) The status and development of the national science 
        and technology strategy, including any significant changes.
            ``(2) The implementation of the national science and 
        technology strategy.
            ``(3) Any other information about the national science and 
        technology strategy, as determined by the Director of the 
        Office of Science and Technology Policy.
    ``(e) Publication.--The Director of the Office of Science and 
Technology Policy shall, consistent with the protection of national 
security and other sensitive matters to the maximum extent practicable, 
make each national science and technology strategy publicly available 
on an internet website of the Office. Each report may include a 
classified annex if the Director of the Office of Science and 
Technology Policy determines such is appropriate.
    ``(f) Termination.--This section terminates on the date that is ten 
years after the date of the enactment of this section.''.

SEC. 10612. STRATEGY AND REPORT ON THE NATION'S ECONOMIC SECURITY, 
              SCIENCE, RESEARCH, AND INNOVATION TO SUPPORT THE NATIONAL 
              SECURITY STRATEGY.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Foreign country of concern.--The term ``foreign country 
        of concern'' means the People's Republic of China, the 
        Democratic People's Republic of Korea, the Russian Federation, 
        the Islamic Republic of Iran, or any other country determined 
        to be a country of concern by the Department of State.
            (2) Foreign entity of concern.--The term ``foreign entity 
        of concern'' means a foreign entity that is--
                    (A) designated as a foreign terrorist organization 
                by the Secretary of State under section 219(a) of the 
                Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1189(a));
                    (B) included on the list of specially designated 
                nationals and blocked persons maintained by the Office 
                of Foreign Assets Control of the Department of the 
                Treasury (commonly known as the SDN list);
                    (C) owned by, controlled by, or subject to the 
                jurisdiction or direction of a government of a foreign 
                country that is a covered nation (as such term is 
                defined in section 4872 of title 10, United States 
                Code);
                    (D) alleged by the Attorney General to have been 
                involved in activities for which a conviction was 
                obtained under--
                            (i) chapter 37 of title 18, United States 
                        Code (commonly known as the Espionage Act);
                            (ii) section 951 or 1030 of title 18, 
                        United States Code;
                            (iii) chapter 90 of title 18, United States 
                        Code (commonly known as the Economic Espionage 
                        Act of 1996);
                            (iv) the Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 
                        2751 et seq.);
                            (v) section 224, 225, 226, 227, or 236 of 
                        the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C. 2274, 
                        2275, 2276, 2277, and 2284);
                            (vi) the Export Control Reform Act of 2018 
                        (50 U.S.C. 4801 et seq.); or
                            (vii) the International Emergency Economic 
                        Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.); or
                    (E) determined by the Secretary of Commerce, in 
                consultation with the Secretary of Defense and the 
                Director of National Intelligence, to be engaged in 
                unauthorized conduct that is detrimental to the 
                national security or foreign policy of the United 
                States.
            (3) National security strategy.--The term ``national 
        security strategy'' means the national security strategy 
        required under section 108 of the National Security Act of 1947 
        (50 U.S.C. 3043).
    (b) Strategy and Report.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 90 days after the 
        transmission of each national security strategy under section 
        108(a) of the National Security Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 
        3043(a)), the President, acting through the Director of the 
        Office of Science and Technology Policy, shall, in coordination 
        with the National Science and Technology Council, the National 
        Security Council, the Director of the National Economic 
        Council, and the heads of such other relevant Federal agencies 
        as the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy 
        considers appropriate and in consultation with such 
        nongovernmental partners as the Director of the Office of 
        Science and Technology Policy considers appropriate--
                    (A) review such strategy, including the national 
                defense strategy under subsection (g) of section 113 of 
                title 10, United States Code, and the national science 
                and technology strategy under section 206 of the 
                National Science and Technology Policy, Organization, 
                and Priorities Act of 1976 (42 U.S.C. 6615), programs, 
                and resources as the Director of the Office of Science 
                and Technology Policy determines pertain to United 
                States' national competitiveness in science, 
                technology, research, innovation, and technology 
                transfer activities, including patenting and licensing, 
                that support the national security strategy;
                    (B) develop or revise a national strategy to 
                improve the national competitiveness of United States 
                science, technology, research, and innovation to 
                support the national security strategy; and
                    (C) submit to Congress--
                            (i) a report on the findings of the 
                        Director of the Office of Science and 
                        Technology Policy with respect to the review 
                        conducted pursuant to subparagraph (A); and
                            (ii) the strategy developed or revised 
                        pursuant to subparagraph (B).
            (2) Termination.--This subsection terminates on the date 
        that is 5 years after the date of the enactment of this Act.
    (c) Elements.--
            (1) Report.--Each report submitted under subsection 
        (b)(1)(C)(i) shall include the following:
                    (A) An assessment of the efforts of the United 
                States Government to preserve United States leadership 
                in key emerging technologies and prevent United States 
                strategic competitors from leveraging advanced 
                technologies to gain strategic military or economic 
                advantages over the United States.
                    (B) An assessment of public and private investment 
                in science and technology relevant to national security 
                purposes, and the implications of such for the 
                geostrategic position of the United States.
                    (C) A description of the prioritized economic 
                security interests and objectives.
                    (D) An assessment of global trends in science and 
                technology, including potential threats to the national 
                security of the United States in science and 
                technology.
                    (E) An assessment of the national debt and its 
                implications for the economic and national security of 
                the United States.
                    (F) An assessment of how regional innovation 
                capacity efforts in STEM fields are contributing and 
                could contribute to the national security the United 
                States, including programs run by State and local 
                governments.
                    (G) An assessment of the following:
                            (i) Workforce needs for competitiveness in 
                        technology areas identified in the national 
                        security strategy.
                            (ii) Any efforts needed to expand pathways 
                        into technology fields to achieve the goals of 
                        the national security strategy.
                    (H) An assessment of barriers to the development, 
                evolution, or competitiveness of start-ups, small and 
                mid-sized business entities, and industries that are 
                critical to national security.
                    (I) An assessment of the effectiveness of the 
                Federal Government, federally funded research and 
                development centers, and national laboratories in 
                supporting and promoting the technology 
                commercialization and technology transfer of 
                technologies critical to national security.
                    (J) An assessment of manufacturing capacity, 
                logistics, and supply chain dynamics of major export 
                sectors that are critical to national security, 
                including access to a skilled workforce, physical 
                infrastructure, and broadband network infrastructure.
                    (K) An assessment of how the Federal Government is 
                increasing the participation of underrepresented 
                populations in science, research, innovation, and 
                manufacturing.
                    (L) An assessment of public-private partnerships in 
                technology commercialization in support of national 
                security, including--
                            (i) the structure of current defense 
                        technology research and commercialization 
                        arrangements with regard to public-private 
                        partnerships; and
                            (ii) the extent to which intellectual 
                        property developed with Federal defense 
                        funding--
                                    (I) is being used to manufacture in 
                                the United States rather than in other 
                                countries; and
                                    (II) is being used by foreign 
                                business entities that are majority 
                                owned or controlled (as such term is 
                                defined in section 800.208 of title 31, 
                                Code of Federal Regulations, or a 
                                successor regulation), or minority 
                                owned greater than 25 percent by--
                                            (aa) any governmental 
                                        organization of a foreign 
                                        country of concern; or
                                            (bb) any other entity that 
                                        is--

                                                    (AA) known to be 
                                                owned or controlled by 
                                                any governmental 
                                                organization of a 
                                                foreign country of 
                                                concern; or

                                                    (BB) organized 
                                                under, or otherwise 
                                                subject to, the laws of 
                                                a foreign country of 
                                                concern.

                    (M) Recommendations to enhance the ability of the 
                Federal Government to recruit into Federal service and 
                retain in such service individuals with critical skills 
                relevant to national security.
                    (N) Recommendations for policies to protect United 
                States leadership and the allies of the United States 
                in critical areas relevant to national security through 
                targeted export controls, investment screening, and 
                counterintelligence activities.
                    (O) Informed by the interagency process established 
                under section 1758 of the Export Control Reform Act of 
                2018, a technology annex, which may be classified, 
                describing an integrated and enduring approach to the 
                identification, prioritization, development, and 
                fielding of emerging technologies relevant to national 
                security.
            (2) Strategy.--Each strategy submitted under subsection 
        (b)(1)(C)(ii) shall, to the extent practicable, include the 
        following:
                    (A) A plan to utilize available tools to address or 
                minimize the leading threats and challenges and to take 
                advantage of the leading opportunities, particularly in 
                regards to technologies central to international 
                competition in science and technology relevant to 
                national security purposes, including the following:
                            (i) Specific objectives, tasks, metrics, 
                        and milestones for each relevant Federal 
                        agency.
                            (ii) Strategic objectives and priorities 
                        necessary to maintain the leadership of the 
                        United States in science and technology 
                        relevant to national security purposes, 
                        including near-term, medium-term, and long-term 
                        research priorities.
                            (iii) Specific plans to safeguard research 
                        and technology funded, as appropriate, in whole 
                        or in part, by the Federal Government, 
                        including in technologies critical to national 
                        security, from theft or exfiltration by foreign 
                        entities of concern.
                            (iv) Specific plans to support public and 
                        private sector investment in research, 
                        technology development, education and workforce 
                        development, and domestic manufacturing 
                        supportive of the national security of the 
                        United States and to foster the use of public-
                        private partnerships.
                            (v) A description of the following:
                                    (I) How the strategy submitted 
                                under subsection (b)(1)(C)(ii) supports 
                                the national security strategy.
                                    (II) How the strategy submitted 
                                under such subsection is integrated and 
                                coordinated with the most recent--
                                            (aa) national defense 
                                        strategy under subsection (g) 
                                        of section 113 of title 10, 
                                        United States Code; and
                                            (bb) national science and 
                                        technology strategy under 
                                        section 206 of the National 
                                        Science and Technology Policy, 
                                        Organization, and Priorities 
                                        Act of 1976 (42 U.S.C. 6615).
                            (vi) A plan to encourage the governments of 
                        countries that are allies or partners of the 
                        United States to cooperate with the execution 
                        of such strategy, where appropriate.
                            (vii) A plan for strengthening the 
                        industrial base of the United States.
                            (viii) A plan to remove or update overly 
                        burdensome or outdated Federal regulations, as 
                        appropriate.
                            (ix) A plan--
                                    (I) to further incentivize industry 
                                participation in public-private 
                                partnerships for the purposes of 
                                accelerating technology research and 
                                commercialization in support of 
                                national security, including alternate 
                                ways of accounting for in-kind 
                                contributions and valuing partially 
                                manufactured products;
                                    (II) to ensure that intellectual 
                                property developed with Federal funding 
                                is commercialized in the United States; 
                                and
                                    (III) to ensure, to the maximum 
                                appropriate extent, that intellectual 
                                property developed with Federal funding 
                                is not being used by foreign business 
                                entities that are majority owned or 
                                controlled (as such term is defined in 
                                section 800.208 of title 31, Code of 
                                Federal Regulations, or a successor 
                                regulation), or minority owned greater 
                                than 25 percent by--
                                            (aa) any governmental 
                                        organization of a foreign 
                                        country of concern; or
                                            (bb) any other entity that 
                                        is--

                                                    (AA) known to be 
                                                owned or controlled by 
                                                any governmental 
                                                organization of a 
                                                foreign country of 
                                                concern; or

                                                    (BB) organized 
                                                under, or otherwise 
                                                subject to, the laws of 
                                                a foreign country of 
                                                concern.

                            (x) An identification of additional 
                        resources, administrative action, or 
                        legislative action recommended to assist with 
                        the implementation of such strategy.
    (d) Research and Development Funding.--The Director of the Office 
of Science and Technology Policy shall, as the Director of the Office 
of Science and Technology Policy considers necessary, consult with the 
Director of the Office of Management and Budget and with the heads of 
such other elements of the Executive Office of the President as the 
Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy considers 
appropriate to ensure the recommendations and priorities with respect 
to research and development funding relevant to national security, as 
expressed in the most recent report and strategy submitted under 
subsection (b)(1)(C) are incorporated into the development of annual 
budget requests for Federal research agencies.
    (e) Publication.--The Director of the Office of Science and 
Technology Policy shall, consistent with the protection of national 
security and other sensitive matters and to the maximum extent 
practicable, make each report submitted under subsection (b)(1)(C)(i) 
publicly available on an internet website of the Office of Science and 
Technology Policy. Each such report may include a classified annex if 
the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy determines 
such is appropriate.

SEC. 10613. QUADRENNIAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY REVIEW.

    The National Science and Technology Policy, Organization, and 
Priorities Act of 1976 (42 U.S.C. 6601 et seq.) is amended by inserting 
after section 206 the following new section:

``SEC. 206B. QUADRENNIAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY REVIEW.

    ``(a) Requirements.--
            ``(1) Quadrennial reviews required.--Not later than 
        December 31, 2023, and every four years thereafter, the 
        Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy shall 
        complete a review of the science and technology enterprise of 
        the United States (in this section referred to as the 
        `quadrennial science and technology review').
            ``(2) Scope.--The quadrennial science and technology review 
        shall be a comprehensive examination of the science and 
        technology strategy of the United States, including 
        recommendations for maintaining global leadership in science 
        and technology and advancing science and technology to address 
        the societal and national challenges and guidance regarding the 
        coordination of programs, assets, capabilities, budget, 
        policies, and authorities across all Federal research and 
        development programs.
            ``(3) Consultation.--The Director of the Office of Science 
        and Technology Policy shall conduct each quadrennial science 
        and technology review in consultation with the following:
                    ``(A) The National Science and Technology Council.
                    ``(B) The President's Council of Advisors on 
                Science and Technology.
                    ``(C) The National Science Board.
                    ``(D) The National Security Council.
                    ``(E) The heads of other relevant Federal agencies.
                    ``(F) Other relevant governmental and 
                nongovernmental entities, including representatives 
                from industry, institutions of higher education, 
                nonprofit organizations, Members of Congress, and other 
                policy experts.
            ``(4) Coordination.--The Director of the Office of Science 
        and Technology Policy shall ensure that each quadrennial 
        science and technology review is coordinated with other 
        relevant statutorily required reviews, and to the maximum 
        extent practicable incorporates information and recommendations 
        from existing reviews to avoid duplication.
    ``(b) Contents.--In each quadrennial science and technology review, 
the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy shall--
            ``(1) provide an integrated view of, and recommendations 
        for, science and technology policy across the Federal 
        Government, while considering economic and national security 
        and other societal and national challenges;
            ``(2) assess and recommend priorities for research, 
        development, and demonstration programs to maintain United 
        States leadership in science and technology, including in 
        manufacturing and industrial innovation;
            ``(3) assess and recommend priorities for research, 
        development, and demonstration programs to address societal and 
        national challenges;
            ``(4) assess the global competition in science and 
        technology and identify potential threats to the leadership of 
        the United States in science and technology and opportunities 
        for international collaboration;
            ``(5) assess and make recommendations on the science, 
        technology, engineering, mathematics, and computer science 
        workforce of the United States;
            ``(6) assess and make recommendations to improve regional 
        innovation across the United States;
            ``(7) identify and assess sectors critical for the long-
        term resilience of United States innovation leadership across 
        design, manufacturing, supply chains, and markets;
            ``(8) assess and make recommendations to improve 
        translation of basic and applied research and the enhancement 
        of technology transfer of federally funded research;
            ``(9) identify, assess, and make recommendations to address 
        science and technology gaps that would not be met without 
        Federal investment;
            ``(10) review administrative and legislative policies and 
        funding opportunities that affect private sector science and 
        technology activities, and identify and make recommendations 
        regarding policies that maintain and grow the participation and 
        competitiveness of small- and medium-sized businesses;
            ``(11) assess and identify the infrastructure and tools 
        needed to maintain the leadership of the United States in 
        science and technology and address other societal and national 
        challenges; and
            ``(12) review administrative or legislative policies that 
        affect the science and technology enterprise and identify and 
        make recommendations regarding policies that hinder research 
        and development in the United States.
    ``(c) Reporting.--
            ``(1) In general.--Not later than December 31 of the year 
        in which a quadrennial science and technology review is 
        conducted, the Director of the Office of Science and Technology 
        Policy shall submit to Congress a report relating to such 
        review.
            ``(2) Publication.--The Director of the Office of Science 
        and Technology Policy shall, consistent with the protection of 
        national security and other sensitive matters to the maximum 
        extent practicable, make each report submitted under paragraph 
        (1) publicly available on an internet website of the Office of 
        Science and Technology Policy. Each report may include a 
        classified annex if the Director of the Office of Science and 
        Technology Policy determines such appropriate.
    ``(d) Termination.--This section shall terminate on the date that 
is ten years after the date of the enactment of this section.''.

                    Subtitle C--Regional Innovation

SEC. 10621. REGIONAL INNOVATION CAPACITY.

    (a) In General.--The Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 
1980 (Public Law 96-480; 15 U.S.C. 3701 et seq.) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating section 28 as section 30; and
            (2) by inserting after section 27 the following:

``SEC. 28. REGIONAL TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION HUB PROGRAM.

    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Appropriate committees of congress.--The term 
        `appropriate committees of Congress' means--
                    ``(A) the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
                Transportation, the Committee on Environment and Public 
                Works, and the Committee on Appropriations of the 
                Senate; and
                    ``(B) the Committee on Science, Space, and 
                Technology and the Committee on Appropriations of the 
                House of Representatives.
            ``(2) Cooperative extension services.--The term 
        `cooperative extension services' has the meaning given the term 
        in section 1404 of the Food and Agriculture Act of 1977 (7 
        U.S.C. 3103).
            ``(3) Site connectivity infrastructure.--The term `site 
        connectivity infrastructure' means localized driveways and 
        access roads to a facility as well as hookups to the new 
        facility for drinking water, waste water, broadband, and other 
        basic infrastructure services already present in the area.
            ``(4) Venture development organization.--The term `venture 
        development organization' has the meaning given such term in 
        section 27(a) of the Stevenson-Wydler Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 
        3722(a)).
            ``(5) Community development financial institution.--The 
        term `community development financial institution' has the 
        meaning given in section 103 of the Community Development 
        Banking and Financial Institutions Act of 1994 (12 U.S.C. 
        4702).
            ``(6) Minority depository institution.--The term `minority 
        depository institution' means an entity that is--
                    ``(A) a minority depository institution, as defined 
                in section 308 of the Financial Institutions Reform, 
                Recovery, and Enforcement Act of 1989 (12 U.S.C. 1463 
                note); or
                    ``(B) considered to be a minority depository 
                institution by--
                            ``(i) the appropriate Federal banking 
                        agency; or
                            ``(ii) the National Credit Union 
                        Administration, in the case of an insured 
                        credit union.
            ``(7) Low population state.--The term `low population 
        State' means a State without an urbanized area with a 
        population greater than 250,000 as reported in the decennial 
        census.
            ``(8) Small and rural communities.--The term `small and 
        rural community' means a noncore area, a micropolitan area, or 
        a small metropolitan statistical area with a population of not 
        more than 250,000.
    ``(b) Regional Technology and Innovation Hub Program.--
            ``(1) In general.--Subject to the availability of 
        appropriations, the Secretary shall carry out a program--
                    ``(A) to encourage new and constructive 
                collaborations among local, State, Tribal, and Federal 
                government entities, institutions of higher education, 
                the private sector, economic development organizations, 
                labor organizations, nonprofit organizations, and 
                community organizations that promote broad-based 
                regional innovation initiatives;
                    ``(B) to support eligible consortia in the 
                development and implementation of regional innovation 
                strategies;
                    ``(C) to designate eligible consortia as regional 
                technology and innovation hubs and facilitate 
                activities by consortia designated as regional 
                technology and innovation hubs in implementing their 
                regional innovation strategies--
                            ``(i) to enable United States leadership in 
                        technology and innovation sectors critical to 
                        national and economic security;
                            ``(ii) to support regional economic 
                        development and resilience, including in small 
                        cities and rural areas, and promote increased 
                        geographic diversity of innovation across the 
                        United States;
                            ``(iii) to promote the benefits of 
                        technology development and innovation for all 
                        Americans, including underserved communities 
                        and vulnerable communities;
                            ``(iv) to support the modernization and 
                        expansion of United States manufacturing based 
                        on advances in technology and innovation;
                            ``(v) to support domestic job creation and 
                        broad-based economic growth; and
                            ``(vi) to improve the pace of market 
                        readiness, industry maturation, and overall 
                        commercialization and domestic production of 
                        innovative research;
                    ``(D) to ensure that the regional technology and 
                innovation hubs address the intersection of emerging 
                technologies and either regional challenges or national 
                challenges; and
                    ``(E) to conduct ongoing research, evaluation, 
                analysis, and dissemination of best practices for 
                regional development and competitiveness in technology 
                and innovation.
            ``(2) Awards.--The Secretary shall carry out the program 
        required by paragraph (1) through the award of the following:
                    ``(A) Strategy development grants or cooperative 
                agreements to eligible consortia under subsection (e).
                    ``(B) Strategy implementation grants or cooperative 
                agreements to regional technology and innovation hubs 
                under subsection (f).
            ``(3) Administration.--The Secretary shall carry out this 
        section through the Assistant Secretary of Commerce for 
        Economic Development in coordination with the Under Secretary 
        of Commerce for Standards and Technology.
    ``(c) Eligible Consortia.--For purposes of this section, an 
eligible consortium is a consortium that--
            ``(1) includes 1 or more of each of the following--
                    ``(A) institutions of higher education, which may 
                include Historically Black Colleges and Universities, 
                Tribal Colleges or Universities, and minority-serving 
                institutions;
                    ``(B) State, territorial, local, or Tribal 
                governments or other political subdivisions of a State, 
                including State and local agencies, or a consortium 
                thereof;
                    ``(C) industry or firms in relevant technology, 
                innovation, or manufacturing sectors;
                    ``(D) economic development organizations or similar 
                entities that are focused primarily on improving 
                science, technology, innovation, entrepreneurship, or 
                access to capital; and
                    ``(E) labor organizations or workforce training 
                organizations, which may include State and local 
                workforce development boards as established under 
                sections 101 and 107 of the Workforce Investment and 
                Opportunity Act (29 U.S.C. 3111; 3122); and
            ``(2) may include 1 or more--
                    ``(A) economic development entities with relevant 
                expertise, including a district organization (as 
                defined in section 300.3 of title 13, Code of Federal 
                Regulations, or successor regulation);
                    ``(B) organizations that contribute to increasing 
                the participation of underserved populations in 
                science, technology, innovation, and entrepreneurship;
                    ``(C) venture development organizations;
                    ``(D) organizations that promote local economic 
                stability, high-wage domestic jobs, and broad-based 
                economic opportunities, such as employee ownership 
                membership associations and State or local employee 
                ownerships and cooperative development centers, 
                financial institutions and investment funds, including 
                community development financial institutions and 
                minority depository institutions;
                    ``(E) elementary schools and secondary schools, 
                including area career and technical education schools 
                (as defined in section 3 of the Carl D. Perkins Career 
                and Technical Education Act of 2006 (29 U.S.C. 2302);
                    ``(F) National Laboratories (as defined in section 
                2 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 15801));
                    ``(G) Federal laboratories;
                    ``(H) Manufacturing extension centers;
                    ``(I) Manufacturing USA institutes;
                    ``(J) transportation planning organizations;
                    ``(K) a cooperative extension services;
                    ``(L) organizations that represent the perspectives 
                of underserved communities in economic development 
                initiatives; and
                    ``(M) institutions receiving an award under section 
                10388 of the Research and Development, Competition, and 
                Innovation Act.
    ``(d) Designation of Regional Technology and Innovation Hubs.--
            ``(1) In general.--In carrying out subsection (b)(1)(C), 
        the Secretary shall use a competitive, merit-review process to 
        designate eligible consortia as regional technology and 
        innovation hubs.
            ``(2) Distribution.--In conducting the competitive process 
        under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall ensure geographic and 
        demographic diversity in the designation of regional technology 
        hubs by, subject to available appropriations, designating at 
        least 20 technology hubs, and--
                    ``(A) seeking to designate at least three 
                technology hubs in each region covered by a regional 
                office of the Economic Development Administration, 
                while--
                            ``(i) ensuring that not fewer than one-
                        third of eligible consortia so designated as 
                        regional technology hubs significantly benefit 
                        a small and rural community, which may include 
                        a State or territory described in clauses (ii) 
                        and (iii);
                            ``(ii) ensuring that not fewer than one-
                        third of eligible consortia so designated as 
                        regional technology hubs include as a member of 
                        the eligible consortia at least 1 member that 
                        is a State or territory that is eligible to 
                        receive funding from the Established Program to 
                        Stimulate Competitive Research of the National 
                        Science Foundation; and
                            ``(iii) ensuring that at least one eligible 
                        consortium so designated as a regional 
                        technology hub is headquartered in a low 
                        population State that is eligible to receive 
                        funding from the Established Program to 
                        Stimulate Competitive Research of the National 
                        Science Foundation;
                    ``(B) seeking to designate an additional two 
                regional technology hubs based on selection factors 
                which shall include likelihood of success and may 
                include regional factors such as the extent to which 
                the regional technology and innovation hub 
                significantly engages and benefits underserved 
                communities in and near metropolitan areas;
                    ``(C) encouraging eligible consortia to leverage 
                institutions of higher education serving populations 
                historically underrepresented in STEM, including 
                historically Black Colleges and Universities, Tribal 
                Colleges or Universities, and minority-serving 
                institutions to significantly benefit an area or 
                region; and
                    ``(D) encouraging proposals from eligible consortia 
                that would significantly benefit an area or region 
                whose economy significantly relies on or has recently 
                relied on coal, oil, or natural gas production or 
                development.
            ``(3) Relation to certain grant awards.--The Secretary 
        shall not require an eligible consortium to receive a grant or 
        cooperative agreement under subsection (e) in order to be 
        designated as a regional technology and innovation hub under 
        paragraph (1) of this subsection.
    ``(e) Strategy Development Grants and Cooperative Agreements.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall use a competitive, 
        merit-review process to award grants or cooperative agreements 
        to eligible consortia for the development of regional 
        innovation strategies.
            ``(2) Number of recipients.--Subject to availability of 
        appropriations, the Secretary shall seek to award a grant or 
        cooperative agreement under paragraph (1) to not fewer than 60 
        eligible consortia.
            ``(3) Geographic diversity and representation.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall carry out 
                paragraph (1) in a manner that ensures geographic 
                diversity and representation from communities of 
                differing populations.
                    ``(B) Awards to small and rural communities.--In 
                carrying out paragraph (1), the Secretary shall--
                            ``(i) award not fewer than one-third of the 
                        grants and cooperative agreements under such 
                        paragraph to eligible consortia that 
                        significantly benefit a small and rural 
                        community, which may include a State described 
                        in clause (ii); and
                            ``(ii) award not fewer than one-third of 
                        the grants and cooperative agreements under 
                        such paragraph to eligible consortia that 
                        include as a member of the eligible consortia 
                        at least 1 member that is a State or territory 
                        that is eligible to receive funding from the 
                        Established Program to Stimulate Competitive 
                        Research of the National Science Foundation.
            ``(4) Use of funds.--
                    ``(A) Use of funds under this grant shall include--
                            ``(i) coordination of a locally defined 
                        planning processes, across jurisdictions and 
                        agencies, relating to developing a 
                        comprehensive regional technology strategy;
                            ``(ii) identification of regional 
                        partnerships for developing and implementing a 
                        comprehensive regional technology strategy;
                            ``(iii) implementation or updating of 
                        assessments to determine regional needs and 
                        capabilities;
                            ``(iv) development or updating of goals and 
                        strategies to implement an existing 
                        comprehensive regional plan;
                            ``(v) identification or implementation of 
                        planning and local zoning and other code 
                        changes necessary to implement a comprehensive 
                        regional technology strategy; and
                            ``(vi) development of plans for promoting 
                        broad-based economic growth in a region.
                    ``(B) Use of funds under this grant may include the 
                formation of a workforce development strategy, 
                according to the needs for a skilled and technical 
                workforce at all skill and degree levels in the region 
                proposed to be served by the eligible consortia. Any 
                workforce development strategy submitted pursuant to 
                paragraph (1) should include--
                            ``(i) how the eligible consortia will 
                        develop, offer, or improve educational or 
                        career training programs and curriculum for a 
                        skilled and technical workforce;
                            ``(ii) the extent to which such programs 
                        developed and offered by the eligible consortia 
                        will meet the educational or career training 
                        needs of a skilled and technical workforce in 
                        the region to be served;
                            ``(iii) how the eligible consortia will 
                        provide facilities for students to receive 
                        training under such programs developed and 
                        offered by the eligible consortia; and
                            ``(iv) how the eligible consortia will 
                        enhance outreach and recruitment for such 
                        programs developed and offered by the eligible 
                        consortia to populations underrepresented in 
                        STEM.
            ``(5) Federal share.--The Federal share of the cost of an 
        effort carried out using a grant or cooperative agreement 
        awarded under this subsection may not exceed 80 percent--
                    ``(A) where in-kind contributions may be used for 
                all or part of the non-Federal share, but Federal 
                funding from other government sources may not count 
                towards the non-Federal share;
                    ``(B) except in the case of an eligible consortium 
                that represents all or part of a small and rural or 
                other underserved community, the Federal share may be 
                up to 90 percent of the total cost, subject to 
                subparagraph (A); and
                    ``(C) except in the case of an eligible consortium 
                that is led by a Tribal government, the Federal share 
                may be up to 100 percent of the total cost of the 
                project.
    ``(f) Strategy Implementation Grants and Cooperative Agreements.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall use a competitive, 
        merit-review process to award grants or cooperative agreements 
        to regional technology and innovation hubs for the 
        implementation of regional innovation strategies, including 
        regional strategies for infrastructure and site development, in 
        support of the regional innovation and technology and 
        innovation hub's plans and programs. The Secretary should 
        determine the size and number of awards based on appropriations 
        available to ensure the success of regional technology and 
        innovation hubs as outlined in subsection (h).
            ``(2) Use of funds.--Grants or cooperative agreements 
        awarded under paragraph (1) to a regional technology and 
        innovation hub may be used by the regional technology and 
        innovation hub to support any of the following activities, 
        consistent with the most current regional innovation strategy 
        of the regional technology and innovation hub, which may have 
        been developed with or without financial assistance received 
        under subsection (e) of this section:
                    ``(A) Workforce development activities.--Workforce 
                development activities including activities relating to 
                the following:
                            ``(i) The creation of partnerships between 
                        industry, workforce, nonprofit, and educational 
                        institutions, which may include community 
                        colleges, to create and align technical 
                        training and educational programs, including 
                        for a skilled technical workforce.
                            ``(ii) The design, development, and 
                        updating of educational and training curriculum 
                        and programs, including training of trainers, 
                        teachers, or instructors tied to demonstrated 
                        regional skilled and technical workforce needs.
                            ``(iii) The procurement of facilities and 
                        equipment, as required to train a skilled and 
                        technical workforce.
                            ``(iv) The development and execution of 
                        programs, including traineeships and 
                        apprenticeships, to rapidly provide training 
                        and award certificates or credentials 
                        recognized by regional industries or other 
                        organizations.
                            ``(v) The matching of regional employers 
                        with a potential new entrant, underemployed, 
                        underrepresented, reentering, or incumbent 
                        workforce, as well as the securing of 
                        commitments from employers to hire workers who 
                        successfully complete training programs, or who 
                        are awarded certificates or credentials.
                            ``(vi) The expansion of successful training 
                        programs at a scale required by the region 
                        served by the regional technology and 
                        innovation hub, including through the use of 
                        online education and mentoring.
                            ``(vii) The development and expansion of 
                        programs with the goal of increasing the 
                        participation of persons historically 
                        underrepresented in STEM and manufacturing in 
                        the workforce development plans of the regional 
                        technology and innovation hub.
                            ``(viii) The provision of support services 
                        for attendees of training programs developed, 
                        updated, or expanded pursuant to this 
                        subsection, including career counseling.
                            ``(ix) The implementation of outreach and 
                        recruitment for training programs developed, 
                        updated, or expanded pursuant to this 
                        subsection, particularly at local educational 
                        institutions, including high schools and 
                        community colleges.
                    ``(B) Business and entrepreneur development 
                activities.--Business and entrepreneur development 
                activities, including activities relating to the 
                following:
                            ``(i) The development and growth of local 
                        and regional businesses and the training of 
                        entrepreneurs, which may include support for 
                        the expansion of employee owned businesses and 
                        cooperatives.
                            ``(ii) The support of technology 
                        commercialization, including funding for 
                        activities relevant to the protection of 
                        intellectual property and for advancing 
                        potential ventures such as acceleration, 
                        incubation, early-stage production and other 
                        relevant programming.
                            ``(iii) The development of local and 
                        regional capital networks and consortia to 
                        attract necessary private funding to businesses 
                        and entrepreneurs in the region.
                            ``(iv) The development of local and 
                        regional networks for business and entrepreneur 
                        mentorship.
                    ``(C) Technology development and maturation 
                activities.--Technology maturation activities, 
                including activities relating to the following:
                            ``(i) The development and deployment of 
                        technologies in sectors critical to the region 
                        served by the regional technology and 
                        innovation hub or to national and economic 
                        security, including industry-university 
                        research cooperation, proof of concept, 
                        prototype development, testing, and scale-up 
                        for manufacturing.
                            ``(ii) The development of programming to 
                        support the creation and transfer of 
                        intellectual property into private use, such as 
                        through startup creation.
                            ``(iii) The provision of facilities for 
                        technology maturation, including incubators and 
                        production testbeds for collaborative 
                        development of technologies by private sector, 
                        academic, nonprofit, and other entities.
                            ``(iv) Activities to provide or ensure 
                        access to capital for new business and business 
                        expansion, including by attracting new private, 
                        public, and philanthropic investment and by 
                        establishing local and regional venture and 
                        loan funds, community development financial 
                        institutions, and minority depository 
                        institutions.
                    ``(D) Infrastructure-related activities.--The 
                building of facilities and site connectivity 
                infrastructure necessary to carry out activities 
                described in subparagraphs (A), (B), and (C), including 
                activities relating to the following:
                            ``(i) Establishing a center with required 
                        tools and instrumentation for workforce 
                        development.
                            ``(ii) Establishing a facility for 
                        technology development, demonstration, and 
                        testing.
                            ``(iii) Establishing collaborative 
                        incubators to support technology 
                        commercialization and entrepreneur training.
            ``(3) Term.--
                    ``(A) Initial performance period.--The term of an 
                initial grant or cooperative agreement awarded under 
                this subsection shall be for a period that the 
                Secretary deems appropriate for the proposed activities 
                but not less than 2 years.
                    ``(B) Subsequent performance period.--The Secretary 
                may renew a grant or cooperative agreement awarded to a 
                regional technology and innovation hub under paragraph 
                (1) for such period as the Secretary considers 
                appropriate, if the Secretary determines that the 
                regional technology and innovation hub has made 
                satisfactory progress towards the metrics agreed to 
                under subsection (j).
                    ``(C) Flexible approach.--In renewing a grant or 
                cooperative agreement under subparagraph (B), the 
                Secretary and the eligible consortium may agree to new 
                or additional uses of funds in order to meet changes in 
                the needs of the region.
            ``(4) Limitation on amount of awards.--
                    ``(A) Initial performance period.--The amount of an 
                initial grant or cooperative agreements awarded to a 
                regional technology and innovation hub under paragraph 
                (3)(A) shall be no more than $150,000,000.
                    ``(B) Subsequent performance period.--Upon renewal 
                of a grant or cooperative agreement under paragraph 
                (3)(B), the Secretary may award funding in the amount 
                that the Secretary considers appropriate, ensuring that 
                no single regional technology and innovation hub 
                receives more than 10 percent of the aggregate amount 
                of the grants and cooperative agreements awarded under 
                this subsection.
            ``(5) Matching required.--
                    ``(A) Initial performance period.--Except in the 
                case of a regional technology and innovation hub 
                described in subparagraph (C), the total amount of all 
                grants awarded to a regional technology and innovation 
                hub under this subsection in phase one shall not exceed 
                90 percent of the total operating costs of the regional 
                technology and innovation hub during the initial 
                performance period.
                    ``(B) Subsequent performance period.--Except in the 
                case of a regional technology and innovation hub 
                described in subparagraph (C), the total amount of all 
                grants awarded to a regional technology and innovation 
                hub in subsequent performance periods shall not exceed 
                75 percent of the total operating costs of the regional 
                technology and innovation hub in each year of the grant 
                or cooperative agreement.
                    ``(C) Small and rural communities, underserved 
                communities, and indian tribes.--
                            ``(i) In general.--The total Federal 
                        financial assistance awarded in a given year to 
                        a regional technology and innovation hub under 
                        this subsection shall not exceed amounts as 
                        follows:
                                    ``(I) In the case of a regional 
                                technology and innovation hub that 
                                primarily serves a small and rural 
                                community or other underserved 
                                community, in a fiscal year, 90 percent 
                                of the total funding of the regional 
                                technology and innovation hub in that 
                                fiscal year.
                                    ``(II) In the case of a regional 
                                technology and innovation hub that is 
                                led by a Tribal government, in a fiscal 
                                year, 100 percent of the total funding 
                                of the regional technology and 
                                innovation hub in that fiscal year.
                            ``(ii) Minimum threshold of rural 
                        representation.--For purposes of clause (i)(I), 
                        the Secretary shall establish a minimum 
                        threshold of rural representation in the 
                        regional technology and innovation hub.
                    ``(D) In-kind contributions.--For purposes of this 
                paragraph, in-kind contributions may be used for part 
                of the non-Federal share of the total funding of a 
                regional technology and innovation hub in a fiscal 
                year.
            ``(6) Grants for infrastructure.--Any grant or cooperative 
        agreement awarded under this subsection to support the 
        construction of facilities and site connectivity infrastructure 
        shall be awarded pursuant to section 201 of the Public Works 
        and Economic Development Act of 1965 (42 U.S.C. 3141) and 
        subject to the provisions of such Act, except that subsection 
        (b) of such section and sections 204 and 301 of such Act (42 
        U.S.C. 3144; 3161) shall not apply.
            ``(7) Relation to certain grant awards.--The Secretary 
        shall not require a regional technology and innovation hub to 
        receive a grant or cooperative agreement under subsection (e) 
        in order to receive a grant or cooperative agreement under this 
        subsection.
    ``(g) Applications.--An eligible consortium seeking designation as 
a regional technology and innovation hub under subsection (d) or a 
grant or cooperative agreement under subsection (e) or (f) shall submit 
to the Secretary an application therefore at such time, in such manner, 
and containing such information as the Secretary may specify.
    ``(h) Considerations for Designation and Award of Strategy 
Implementation Grants and Cooperative Agreements.--In selecting an 
eligible consortium that submitted an application under subsection (g) 
for designation under subsection (d) or for a grant or cooperative 
agreement under subsection (f), the Secretary shall consider the 
following:
            ``(1) The potential of the eligible consortium to advance 
        the research, development, deployment, and domestic 
        manufacturing of technologies in a key technology focus area, 
        as described in section 10387 of the Research and Development, 
        Competition, and Innovation Act or other technology or 
        innovation sector critical to national security and economic 
        competitiveness.
            ``(2) The likelihood of positive regional economic effect, 
        including increasing the number of high wage domestic jobs, 
        creating new economic opportunities for economically 
        disadvantaged and underrepresented populations, and building 
        and retaining wealth in the region.
            ``(3) How the eligible consortium plans to integrate with 
        and leverage the resources of 1 or more federally funded 
        research and development centers, National Laboratories, 
        Federal laboratories, Manufacturing USA institutes, Hollings 
        Manufacturing Extension Partnership centers, regional 
        innovation engines or translation accelerators established 
        under sections 10388 and 10389 of the Research and Development, 
        Competition, and Innovation Act, test beds established and 
        operated under section 10390 of such Act, or other Federal 
        entities.
            ``(4) How the eligible consortium will engage with the 
        private sector, including small- and medium-sized businesses 
        and cooperatives, and employee-owned businesses and 
        cooperatives, to commercialize new technologies and improve the 
        resiliency and sustainability of domestic supply chains in a 
        key technology focus area, or other technology or innovation 
        sector critical to national security and economic 
        competitiveness.
            ``(5) How the eligible consortium will carry out workforce 
        development and skills acquisition programming, including 
        through partnerships with entities that include State and local 
        workforce development boards, institutions of higher education, 
        including community colleges, historically Black colleges and 
        universities, Tribal Colleges or Universities, and minority-
        serving institutions, labor organizations, nonprofit 
        organizations, workforce development programs, and other 
        related activities authorized by the Secretary, to support the 
        development of a skilled technical workforce for the regional 
        technology and innovation hub, including key technology focus 
        area or other technology or innovation sector critical to 
        national security and economic competitiveness.
            ``(6) How the eligible consortium will improve or expand 
        science, technology, engineering, and mathematics education 
        programs and opportunities in the identified region in 
        elementary and secondary school and higher education 
        institutions located in the identified region to support the 
        development of a key technology focus area or other technology 
        or innovation sector critical to national security and economic 
        competitiveness.
            ``(7) How the eligible consortium plans to develop 
        partnerships with venture development organizations, community 
        development financial institutions and minority depository 
        institutions, and sources of private investment in support of 
        private sector activity, including launching new or expanding 
        existing companies in a key technology focus area or other 
        technology or innovation sector critical to national security 
        and economic competitiveness.
            ``(8) How the eligible consortium plans to organize the 
        activities of regional partners across sectors in support of a 
        regional technology and innovation hub.
            ``(9) How the eligible consortium considers opportunities 
        to support local and regional businesses through procurement, 
        including from minority-owned and women-owned businesses.
            ``(10) How the eligible consortium will ensure that growth 
        in technology, innovation, and advanced manufacturing sectors 
        produces opportunity across the identified region and for 
        economically disadvantaged, minority, underrepresented and 
        rural populations, including, as appropriate, consideration of 
        how the eligible consortium takes into account the relevant 
        impact of existing regional status and plans or may affect 
        regional goals for affordable housing availability, local and 
        regional transportation, high-speed internet access, and 
        primary and secondary education.
            ``(11) How well the region's education institutions align 
        their activities, including research, educational programs, 
        training, with the proposed areas of focus.
            ``(12) The likelihood efforts served by the consortium will 
        be sustained once Federal support ends.
            ``(13) How the eligible consortium will, as appropriate--
                    ``(A) enhance the economic, environmental, and 
                energy security of the United States by promoting 
                domestic development, manufacture, and deployment of 
                innovative clean technologies and advanced 
                manufacturing practices; and
                    ``(B) support translational research, technology 
                development, manufacturing innovation, and 
                commercialization activities relating to clean 
                technology.
    ``(i) Coordination and Collaboration.--
            ``(1) Coordination with regional innovation program.--The 
        Secretary shall ensure the activities under this section do not 
        duplicate activities or efforts under section 27.
            ``(2) Coordination among hubs.--The Secretary shall ensure 
        eligible consortia that receive a grant or cooperative 
        agreement under this section coordinate and share best 
        practices for regional economic development.
            ``(3) Coordination with programs of the national institute 
        of standards and technology.--The Secretary shall coordinate 
        the activities of regional technology and innovation hubs 
        designated under this section, the Hollings Manufacturing 
        Extension Partnership, and the Manufacturing USA Program, as 
        the Secretary considers appropriate, to maintain the 
        effectiveness of a manufacturing extension center or a 
        Manufacturing USA institute.
            ``(4) Coordination with department of energy programs.--The 
        Secretary shall, in collaboration with the Secretary of Energy, 
        coordinate the activities and selection of regional technology 
        and innovation hubs designated under this section, as the 
        Secretaries consider appropriate, to maintain the effectiveness 
        of activities at the Department of Energy and the National 
        Laboratories.
            ``(5) Interagency collaboration.--In designating regional 
        technology and innovation hubs under subsection (d) and 
        awarding grants or cooperative agreements under subsection (f), 
        the Secretary--
                    ``(A) shall collaborate with Federal departments 
                and agencies whose missions contribute to the goals of 
                the regional technology and innovation hub;
                    ``(B) shall consult with the Director of the 
                National Science Foundation for the purpose of ensuring 
                that the regional technology and innovation hubs are 
                aligned with relevant science, technology, and 
                engineering expertise; and
                    ``(C) may accept funds from other Federal agencies 
                to support grants, cooperative agreements, and 
                activities under this section.
    ``(j) Performance Measurement, Transparency, and Accountability.--
            ``(1) Metrics, standards, and assessment.--For each grant 
        and cooperative agreement awarded under subsection (f) for a 
        regional technology and innovation hub, the Secretary shall--
                    ``(A) in consultation with the regional technology 
                and innovation hub, develop metrics, which may include 
                metrics relating to domestic job creation, patent 
                awards, increases in research funding, business 
                formation and expansion, and participation of 
                individuals or communities historically 
                underrepresented in STEM, to assess the effectiveness 
                of the activities funded in making progress toward the 
                purposes set forth under subsection (b)(1);
                    ``(B) establish standards for the performance of 
                the regional technology and innovation hub that are 
                based on the metrics developed under subparagraph (A); 
                and
                    ``(C) prior to any award made under a subsequent 
                performance period in subsection (f) and every 2 years 
                thereafter until Federal financial assistance under 
                this section for the regional technology and innovation 
                hub is discontinued, conduct an assessment of the 
                regional technology and innovation hub to confirm 
                whether the performance of the regional technology and 
                innovation hub is meeting the standards for performance 
                established under subparagraph (B) of this paragraph.
            ``(2) Final reports by recipients of strategy 
        implementation grants and cooperative agreements.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall require each 
                eligible consortium that receives a grant or 
                cooperative agreement under subsection (f) for 
                activities of a regional technology and innovation hub, 
                as a condition of receipt of such grant or cooperative 
                agreement, to submit to the Secretary, not later than 
                120 days after the last day of the term of the grant or 
                cooperative agreement, a report on the activities of 
                the regional technology and innovation hub supported by 
                the grant or cooperative agreement.
                    ``(B) Contents of report.--Each report submitted by 
                an eligible consortium under subparagraph (A) shall 
                include the following:
                            ``(i) A detailed description of the 
                        activities carried out by the regional 
                        technology and innovation hub using the grant 
                        or cooperative agreement described in 
                        subparagraph (A), including the following:
                                    ``(I) A description of each project 
                                the regional technology and innovation 
                                hub completed using such grant or 
                                cooperative agreement.
                                    ``(II) An explanation of how each 
                                project described in subclause (I) 
                                achieves a specific goal under this 
                                section in the region of the regional 
                                technology and innovation hub with 
                                respect to--
                                            ``(aa) the resiliency and 
                                        sustainability of a supply 
                                        chain;
                                            ``(bb) research, 
                                        development, and deployment of 
                                        a critical technology;
                                            ``(cc) workforce training 
                                        and development;
                                            ``(dd) domestic job 
                                        creation;
                                            ``(ee) entrepreneurship and 
                                        company formation;
                                            ``(ff) commercialization;
                                            ``(gg) access to private 
                                        capital; or
                                            ``(hh) participation of 
                                        individuals or communities 
                                        historically underrepresented 
                                        in STEM.
                            ``(ii) A discussion of any obstacles 
                        encountered by the regional technology and 
                        innovation hub in the implementation of the 
                        regional technology and innovation hub and how 
                        the regional technology and innovation hub 
                        overcame those obstacles.
                            ``(iii) An evaluation of the success of the 
                        projects of the regional technology and 
                        innovation hub using the performance standards 
                        and measures established under paragraph (1), 
                        including an evaluation of the planning process 
                        and how the project contributes to carrying out 
                        the regional innovation strategy of the 
                        regional technology and innovation hub.
                            ``(iv) The effectiveness of the regional 
                        technology and innovation hub in ensuring that, 
                        in the region of the regional technology and 
                        innovation hub, growth in technology and 
                        innovation sectors produces broadly shared 
                        opportunity across the region, including for 
                        economic disadvantaged and underrepresented 
                        populations and rural areas.
                            ``(v) Information regarding such other 
                        matters as the Secretary may require.
            ``(3) Interim reports by recipients of grants and 
        cooperative agreements.--In addition to requiring submittal of 
        final reports under paragraph (2)(A), the Secretary may require 
        a regional technology and innovation hub described in such 
        paragraph to submit to the Secretary such interim reports as 
        the Secretary considers appropriate.
            ``(4) Annual reports to congress.--Not less frequently than 
        once each year, the Secretary shall submit to the appropriate 
        committees of Congress an annual report on the results of the 
        assessments conducted by the Secretary under paragraph (1)(C) 
        during the period covered by the report.
    ``(k) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to the Secretary--
            ``(1) $50,000,000 to award grants and cooperative 
        agreements under subsection (e) for the period of fiscal years 
        2023 through 2027;
            ``(2) $2,950,000,000 to award grants and cooperative 
        agreements under subsection (f) for the period of fiscal years 
        2023 and 2024; and
            ``(3) $7,000,000,000 to award grants and cooperative 
        agreements under subsection (f) for the period of fiscal years 
        2025 through 2027.
    ``(l) Administration.--The Secretary may use funds made available 
to carry out this section for administrative costs under this section.

``SEC. 29. DISTRESSED AREA RECOMPETE PILOT PROGRAM.

    ``(a) In General.--Within the program authorized under section 28, 
the Secretary is authorized to establish a pilot program, to be known 
as the `Recompete Pilot Program', to provide grants to eligible 
recipients representing eligible areas or Tribal lands to alleviate 
persistent economic distress and support long-term comprehensive 
economic development and job creation in eligible areas.
    ``(b) Strategy Development Grants and Cooperative Agreements.--
Subject to available appropriations, the Secretary is authorized, on 
the application of an eligible recipient, to award up to one half of 
the number of grants under subsection (e) of section 28 to eligible 
recipients to develop a recompete plan and carry out related 
predevelopment activities.
    ``(c) Strategy Implementation Grants and Cooperative Agreements.--
Subject to available appropriations and subsection (f) , the Secretary 
shall award, on the application of an eligible recipient, at least ten 
strategy implementation grants, in accordance with a recompete plan 
review and approved by the Secretary, to carry out coordinated and 
comprehensive economic development programs and activities in an 
eligible area, consistent with a recompete plan approved by the 
Secretary. Such activities may include--
            ``(1) workforce development activities of the kind 
        described in section 28(f) or other job training and workforce 
        outreach programs oriented to local employer needs, such as--
                    ``(A) customized job training programs carried out 
                by local community colleges and other training or 
                educational organizations in partnership with local 
                businesses;
                    ``(B) workforce outreach programs located in, and 
                targeted to, lower-income and underemployed 
                neighborhoods; and
                    ``(C) programs to embed job placement and training 
                services in neighborhood institutions such as churches, 
                housing projects, and community advocacy programs; and
                    ``(D) job retention programs and activities, such 
                as the provision of career coaches;
            ``(2) business and entrepreneur development activities of 
        the kind described in section 28(f), technology development and 
        maturation activities of the kind described in such section, or 
        the provision of business advice and assistance to small and 
        medium-sized local businesses and entrepreneurs. Such advice 
        and assistance may include--
                    ``(A) manufacturing extension services;
                    ``(B) small business development centers;
                    ``(C) centers to help businesses bid for Federal 
                procurement contracts;
                    ``(D) entrepreneurial assistance programs that link 
                entrepreneurs with available public and private 
                resources;
                    ``(E) legal advice and resources; and
                    ``(F) assistance in accessing capital;
            ``(3) infrastructure related activities of the kind 
        described in section 28(f) or other land and site development 
        programs, such as brownfield redevelopment, research and 
        technology parks, business incubators, business corridor 
        development, and other infrastructure activities related to 
        supporting job creation and employment for residents, subject 
        to the requirements of section 28(f)(6); and
            ``(4) additional planning, predevelopment, technical 
        assistance, and other administrative activities as may be 
        necessary for the ongoing implementation, administration, and 
        operation of the programs and activities carried out with a 
        grant or cooperative agreement under this section, including 
        but not limited to economic development planning and 
        evaluation.
    ``(d) Term.--
            ``(1) Initial performance period.--The term of an initial 
        grant or cooperative agreement awarded under subsection (c) 
        shall be for a period that the Secretary deems appropriate for 
        the proposed activities but not less than 2 years.
            ``(2) Subsequent performance period.--The Secretary may 
        renew a grant or cooperative agreement awarded under subsection 
        (c) for such period, such amount, and such terms as the 
        Secretary considers appropriate, if the Secretary determines 
        that the recipient of an award under subsection (c) has made 
        satisfactory progress towards metrics or benchmarking 
        requirements established by the Secretary at time of award.
            ``(3) Flexible approach.--In renewing a grant or 
        cooperative agreement under subsection (c), the Secretary may 
        approve new or additional uses of funds, consistent with the 
        uses described in subsection (c), to meet changes in the needs 
        of the region.
    ``(e) Limitations.--
            ``(1) Limitation on eligible areas.--An eligible area may 
        not benefit from more than 1 grant or cooperative agreement 
        described in subsection (b) and 1 grant or cooperative 
        agreement described in subsection (c), provided that a renewal 
        described in subsection (d)(2) shall not constitute an 
        additional grant.
            ``(2) Limitation on recipients.--For purposes of the 
        program under this section, an eligible recipient may not 
        receive multiple grants described in subsection (c) on behalf 
        of more than 1 eligible area.
    ``(f) Award Amount.--
            ``(1) In general.--In determining the amount of a grant 
        that an eligible recipient may be awarded under subsection (c), 
        the Secretary shall--
                    ``(A) take into consideration the proposed 
                activities and projected expenditures outlined in an 
                approved recompete plan; and
                    ``(B) award not more than the product obtained by 
                multiplying--
                            ``(i) the prime-age employment gap of the 
                        eligible area;
                            ``(ii) the prime-age population of the 
                        eligible area; and
                            ``(iii) either--
                                    ``(I) $70,585 for local labor 
                                markets; or
                                    ``(II) $53,600 for local 
                                communities.
            ``(2) Minimum amount.--The Secretary may not make an award 
        that is less than $20,000,000 to an eligible recipient.
    ``(g) Applications.--To be considered for a grant or cooperative 
agreement under--
            ``(1) subsection (b) of this section, an eligible recipient 
        shall submit to the Secretary an application at such time, in 
        such manner, and containing such information as the Secretary 
        determines to be appropriate; and
            ``(2) subsection (c) of this section, an eligible recipient 
        shall submit to the Secretary an application at such time, in 
        such manner, and containing such information as the Secretary 
        determines to be appropriate, including a recompete plan 
        approved by the Secretary.
    ``(h) Relation to Certain Grant Awards.--The Secretary shall not 
require an eligible recipient to receive a grant or cooperative 
agreement under subsection (b) in order to receive a grant or 
cooperative agreement under subsection (c).
    ``(i) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to the Secretary $1,000,000,000 to award grants and 
cooperative agreements under subsection (c) of this section, for the 
period of fiscal years 2022 through 2026.
    ``(j) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Eligible area.--The term `eligible area' means either 
        of the following:
                    ``(A) A local labor market that--
                            ``(i) has a prime-age employment gap equal 
                        to not less than 2.5 percent; and
                            ``(ii) meets additional criteria as the 
                        Secretary may establish.
                    ``(B) A local community that--
                            ``(i) has a prime-age employment gap equal 
                        to not less than 5 percent;
                            ``(ii) is not located within an eligible 
                        local labor market that meets the criteria 
                        described in subparagraph (A);
                            ``(iii) has a median annual household 
                        income of not more than $75,000; and
                            ``(iv) meets additional criteria as the 
                        Secretary may establish.
            ``(2) Eligible recipient.--The term `eligible recipient' 
        means a specified entity that has been authorized in a manner 
        as determined by the Secretary to represent and act on behalf 
        of an eligible area for the purposes of this section.
            ``(3) Local labor market.--The term `local labor market' 
        means any of the following areas that contains 1 or more 
        specified entities described in subparagraphs (A) through (D) 
        of paragraph (6):
                    ``(A) A metropolitan statistical area or 
                micropolitan statistical area, excluding any area 
                described in subparagraph (C).
                    ``(B) A commuting zone, excluding any areas 
                described in subparagraphs (A) and (C).
                    ``(C) The Tribal land with a Tribal prime-age 
                population represented by a Tribal government.
            ``(4) Local community.--The term `local community' means 
        the area served by a general-purpose unit of local government 
        that is located within, but does not cover the entire area of, 
        a local labor market that does not meet the criteria described 
        in paragraph (1)(A).
            ``(5) Prime-age employment gap.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The term `prime-age employment 
                gap' means the difference (expressed as a percentage) 
                between--
                            ``(i) the national 5-year average prime-age 
                        employment rate; and
                            ``(ii) the 5-year average prime-age 
                        employment rate of the eligible area.
                    ``(B) Calculation.--For the purposes of 
                subparagraph (A), an individual is prime-age if such 
                individual between the ages of 25 years and 54 years.
            ``(6) Recompete plan.--The term `recompete plan' means a 
        comprehensive multiyear economic development plan that--
                    ``(A) includes--
                            ``(i) proposed programs and activities to 
                        be carried out with a grant awarded under 
                        subsection (c) to address the economic 
                        challenges of the eligible area in a 
                        comprehensive manner that promotes long-term, 
                        sustained economic growth, lasting job 
                        creation, per capita wage increases, and 
                        reduction in the prime-age employment gap of 
                        the eligible area;
                            ``(ii) projected costs and annual 
                        expenditures and proposed disbursement 
                        schedule;
                            ``(iii) the roles and responsibilities of 
                        specified entities that may receive grant funds 
                        awarded under subsection (c); and
                            ``(iv) other information as the Secretary 
                        determines appropriate;
                    ``(B) is submitted to the Secretary for approval 
                for an eligible recipient to be considered for a grant 
                described in subsection (c); and
                    ``(C) may be modified over the term of the grant by 
                the eligible recipient, subject to the approval of the 
                Secretary or at the direction of the Secretary, if the 
                Secretary determines benchmarking requirements are 
                repeatedly not met or if other circumstances 
                necessitate a modification.
            ``(7) Specified entity.--The term `specified entity' 
        means--
                    ``(A) a unit of local government;
                    ``(B) the District of Columbia;
                    ``(C) a territory of the United States;
                    ``(D) a Tribal government;
                    ``(E) political subdivision of a State or other 
                entity, including a special-purpose entity engaged in 
                economic development activities;
                    ``(F) a public entity or nonprofit organization, 
                acting in cooperation with the officials of a political 
                subdivision of a State or other entity described in 
                subparagraph (E);
                    ``(G) an economic development district (as defined 
                in section 3 of the Public Works and Economic 
                Development Act of 1965 (42 U.S.C. 3122); and
                    ``(H) a consortium of any of the specified entities 
                described in this paragraph which serve or are 
                contained within the same eligible area.
            ``(8) Tribal land.--The term `Tribal land' means any land--
                    ``(A) located within the boundaries of an Indian 
                reservation, pueblo, or rancheria; or
                    ``(B) not located within the boundaries of an 
                Indian reservation, pueblo, or rancheria, the title to 
                which is held--
                            ``(i) in trust by the United States for the 
                        benefit of an Indian Tribe or an individual 
                        Indian;
                            ``(ii) by an Indian Tribe or an individual 
                        Indian, subject to restriction against 
                        alienation under laws of the United States; or
                            ``(iii) by a dependent Indian community.
            ``(9) Tribal prime-age population.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The term `Tribal prime-age 
                population' shall be equal to the sum obtained by 
                adding--
                            ``(i) the product obtained by multiplying--
                                    ``(I) the total number of 
                                individuals ages 25 through 54 residing 
                                on the Tribal land of the Tribal 
                                government; and
                                    ``(II) 0.65; and
                            ``(ii) the product obtained by 
                        multiplying--
                                    ``(I) the total number of 
                                individuals ages 25 through 54 included 
                                on the membership roll of the Tribal 
                                government; and
                                    ``(II) 0.35
                    ``(B) Use of data.--A calculation under 
                subparagraph (A) shall be determined based on data 
                provided by the applicable Tribal government to the 
                Department of the Treasury under the Coronavirus State 
                and Local Fiscal Recovery Fund programs under title VI 
                of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 801 et seq.).''.
    (b) Initial Designations and Awards.--
            (1) Competition required.--Not later than 1 year after the 
        date of the enactment of this Act, subject to the availability 
        of appropriations, the Secretary of Commerce shall commence a 
        competition under subsection (d)(1) of section 28 of the 
        Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (as added by 
        this section).
            (2) Designation and award.--Not later than 18 months after 
        the date of the enactment of this Act, if the Secretary has 
        received at least 1 application under subsection (g) of section 
        28 of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 
        (as added by this section) from an eligible consortium which 
        the Secretary considers suitable for designation under 
        subsection (d)(1) of such section 28, the Secretary shall--
                    (A) designate at least 1 regional technology and 
                innovation hub under subsection (d)(1) of such section 
                28; and
                    (B) award a grant or cooperative agreement under 
                subsection (f)(1) of such section 28 to each regional 
                technology and innovation hub designated pursuant to 
                subparagraph (A) of this paragraph.
    (c) Distressed Area Designation and Award.--Not later than 18 
months after the date of the enactment of this section, subject to the 
availability of appropriations, if the Secretary has received 
applications under section 29 of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology 
Innovation Act of 1980 (as added by this section) from an eligible 
recipient which the Secretary considers suitable for award under such 
section 29, the Secretary shall award grants or cooperative agreement 
under subsections (b) and (c) of such section 29 to one or more 
eligible recipients.

SEC. 10622. REGIONAL CLEAN ENERGY INNOVATION PROGRAM.

    Subtitle C of title IX of the Energy Independence and Security Act 
of 2007 is amended by adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 936. REGIONAL CLEAN ENERGY INNOVATION PROGRAM.

    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Regional clean energy innovation partnership.--The 
        term `regional clean energy innovation partnership' means a 
        group of one or more persons, including a covered consortium, 
        who perform a collection of activities that are coordinated by 
        such covered consortium to carry out the purposes of the 
        program under subsection (c) in a region of the United States.
            ``(2) Covered consortium.--The term `covered consortium' 
        means an individual or group of individuals in partnership with 
        a government entity, including a State, territorial, local, or 
        tribal government or unit of such government, and at least 2 or 
        more of the following additional entities--
                    ``(A) an institution of higher education or a 
                consortium of institutions of higher education, 
                including community colleges;
                    ``(B) a workforce development program;
                    ``(C) a private sector entity or group of entities, 
                including a trade or industry association;
                    ``(D) a nonprofit organization;
                    ``(E) a community group or community-based 
                organization;
                    ``(F) a labor organization or joint labor-
                management organization;
                    ``(G) a National Laboratory;
                    ``(H) a venture development organization;
                    ``(I) a community development financial institution 
                or minority depository institution;
                    ``(J) a worker cooperative membership association 
                or state or local employee ownership or cooperative 
                development center;
                    ``(K) an organization focused on clean energy 
                technology innovation or entrepreneurship;
                    ``(L) a business or clean energy accelerator or 
                incubator;
                    ``(M) an economic development organization;
                    ``(N) a manufacturing facility or organization;
                    ``(O) a multi-institutional collaboration; or
                    ``(P) any other entity that the Secretary 
                determines to be relevant.
            ``(3) Program.--The term `program' means the Regional Clean 
        Energy Innovation Program authorized in subsection (b).
            ``(4) Institution of higher education.--The term 
        `institution of higher education' has the meaning given such 
        term in section 101 or 102(a)(1)(B) of the Higher Education Act 
        of 1965, as amended (20 U.S.C. 1001, 1002(a)(1)(B)).
            ``(5) National laboratory.--The term `National Laboratory' 
        has the meaning given that term in section 2 of the Energy 
        Policy Act of 2005 (42 2 U.S.C. 15801).
            ``(6) Clean energy technology.--The term `clean energy 
        technology' means a technology that significantly reduces 
        energy use, increases energy efficiency, reduces greenhouse gas 
        emissions, reduces emissions of other pollutants, or mitigates 
        other negative environmental consequences of energy production, 
        transmission or use.
            ``(7) Community-based organization.--The term `community-
        based organization' has the meaning given the term in section 3 
        of the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (29 U.S.C. 
        3102).
            ``(8) Community college.--The term `community college' 
        means--
                    ``(A) a public institution of higher education, 
                including additional locations, at which the highest 
                degree, or the predominantly awarded degree, is an 
                associate degree; or
                    ``(B) any Tribal college or university (as defined 
                in section 316 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
                U.S.C. 1059c)).
            ``(9) Workforce development program.--The term `workforce 
        development program' has the meaning given the term in section 
        3 of the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (29 U.S.C. 
        3102).
    ``(b) In General.--The Secretary shall establish a Regional Clean 
Energy Innovation Program, a research, development, demonstration, and 
commercial application program designed to enhance the economic, 
environmental, and energy security of the United States and accelerate 
the pace of innovation of diverse clean energy technologies through the 
formation or support of regional clean energy innovation partnerships.
    ``(c) Purposes of the Program.--The purposes of the Program 
established under subsection (b) are to--
            ``(1) improve the competitiveness of United States' clean 
        energy technology research, development, demonstration, and 
        commercial application; and
            ``(2) support the development of tools and technologies 
        best suited for use in diverse regions of the United States, 
        including in rural, tribal, and low-income communities.
    ``(d) Regional Clean Energy Innovation Partnerships.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall competitively award 
        grants to covered consortia to establish or support regional 
        clean energy innovation partnerships that achieve the purposes 
        of the Program in subsection (c).
            ``(2) Permissible activities.--Grants awarded under this 
        subsection shall be used for activities determined appropriate 
        by the Secretary to achieve the purposes of the Program in 
        subsection (c), including--
                    ``(A) facilitating the commercial application of 
                clean energy products, processes, and services, 
                including through research, development, demonstration, 
                or technology transfer;
                    ``(B) planning among participants of a regional 
                clean energy innovation partnership to improve the 
                strategic and cost-effective coordination of the 
                partnership;
                    ``(C) improving stakeholder involvement in the 
                development of goals and activities of a regional clean 
                energy innovation partnership;
                    ``(D) assessing different incentive mechanisms for 
                clean energy development and commercial application in 
                the region;
                    ``(E) hosting events and conferences; and
                    ``(F) establishing and updating roadmaps to measure 
                progress on relevant goals, such as those relevant to 
                metrics developed under subsection (g).
            ``(3) Applications.--Each application submitted to the 
        Secretary under paragraph (1) may include--
                    ``(A) a list of members and roles of members of the 
                covered consortia, as well as any other stakeholders 
                supporting the activities of the regional clean energy 
                innovation partnership;
                    ``(B) an assessment of the relevant clean energy 
                innovation assets needed in a region to achieve 
                proposed outcomes, such as education and workforce 
                development programs, research facilities, 
                infrastructure or site development, access to capital, 
                manufacturing capabilities, or other assets;
                    ``(C) a description of proposed activities that the 
                regional clean energy innovation partnership plans to 
                undertake and how the proposed activities will achieve 
                the purposes described in subsection (c);
                    ``(D) a plan for attracting additional funds and 
                identification of funding sources from non-Federal 
                sources to deliver the proposed outcomes of the 
                regional clean energy innovation partnership;
                    ``(E) a plan for partnering and collaborating with 
                community development financial institutions and 
                minority depository institutions, labor organizations 
                and community groups, worker cooperative membership 
                associations, local and state employee ownership and 
                cooperative development centers, and other local 
                institutions in order to promote employee, community, 
                and public ownership in the clean energy sector, and 
                advance models of local economic development that build 
                and retain wealth in the region;
                    ``(F) a plan for sustaining activities of the 
                regional clean energy innovation partnership after 
                funds received under this program have been expended; 
                and
                    ``(G) a proposed budget, including financial 
                contributions from non-Federal sources.
            ``(4) Considerations.--In selecting covered consortia for 
        funding under the Program, the Secretary shall, to the maximum 
        extent practicable--
                    ``(A) give special consideration to applications 
                from rural, tribal, and low-income communities; and
                    ``(B) ensure that there is geographic diversity 
                among the covered consortia selected to receive 
                funding.
            ``(5) Award amount.--Grants given out under this Program 
        shall be in an amount not greater than $10,000,000, with the 
        total grant award in any year less than that in the previous 
        year.
            ``(6) Cost share.--For grants that are disbursed over the 
        course of three or more years, the Secretary shall require, as 
        a condition of receipt of funds under this section, that a 
        covered consortium provide not less than 50 percent of the 
        funding for the activities of the regional clean energy 
        partnership under this section for years 3, 4, and 5.
            ``(7) Duration.--Each grant under paragraph shall be for a 
        period of not longer than 5 years.
            ``(8) Renewal.--A grant awarded under this section may be 
        renewed for a period of not more than 5 years, subject to a 
        rigorous merit review based on the progress of a regional clean 
        energy innovation partnership towards achieving the purposes of 
        the program in subsection (c) and the metrics developed under 
        subsection (g).
            ``(9) Termination.--Consistent with the existing 
        authorities of the Department, the Secretary may terminate 
        grant funding under this subsection to covered consortia during 
        the performance period if the Secretary determines that the 
        regional clean energy innovation partnership is 
        underperforming.
            ``(10) Administrative costs.--The Secretary may allow a 
        covered consortium that receives funds under this section to 
        allocate a portion of the funding received to be used for 
        administrative or indirect costs.
            ``(11) Funding.--The Secretary may accept funds from other 
        Federal agencies to support funding and activities under this 
        section.
    ``(e) Planning Funds.--The Secretary may competitively award grants 
in an amount no greater than $2,000,000 for a period not longer than 2 
years to an entity consisting of a government entity, including a 
State, territorial, local, or tribal government or unit of such 
government or any entity listed under subsection (a)(2) to plan a 
regional clean energy innovation partnership or establish a covered 
consortium for the purpose of applying for funds under subsection (b).
    ``(f) Information Sharing.--As part of the program, the Secretary 
shall support the gathering, analysis, and dissemination of information 
on best practices for developing and operating successful regional 
clean energy innovation partnerships.
    ``(g) Metrics.--In evaluating a grant renewal under subsection 
(d)(8), the Secretary shall work with program evaluation experts to 
develop and make publicly available metrics to assess the progress of a 
regional clean energy innovation partnership towards achieving the 
purposes of the program in subsection (c).
    ``(h) Coordination.--In carrying out the program, the Secretary 
shall coordinate with, and avoid unnecessary duplication of, the 
activities carried out under this section with the activities of other 
research entities of the Department or relevant programs at other 
Federal agencies.
    ``(i) Conflicts of Interest.--In carrying out the program, the 
Secretary shall maintain conflict of interest procedures, consistent 
with the conflict of interest procedures of the Department.
    ``(j) Evaluation by Comptroller General.--Not later than 3 years 
after the date of the enactment of the Research and Development, 
Competition, and Innovation Act, and again 3 years later, the 
Comptroller General shall submit to the Committee on Science, Space, 
and Technology of the House of Representatives and the Committee on 
Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate an evaluation on the 
operation of the program during the most recent 3-year period, 
including--
            ``(1) an assessment of the progress made towards achieving 
        the purposes specified in subsection (c) based on the metrics 
        developed under subsection (g);
            ``(2) the short-term and long-term metrics used to 
        determine the success of the program under subsection (g), and 
        any changes recommended to the metrics used;
            ``(3) the regional clean energy innovation partnerships 
        established or supported by covered consortia that have 
        received grants under subsection (d); and
            ``(4) any recommendations on how the program may be 
        improved.
    ``(k) National Laboratories.--In supporting technology transfer 
activities at the National Laboratories, the Secretary shall encourage 
partnerships with entities that are located in the same region or State 
as the National Laboratory.
    ``(l) Security.--In carrying out the activities under this section, 
the Secretary shall ensure proper security controls are in place to 
protect sensitive information, as appropriate.
    ``(m) No Funds for Construction.--No funds provided to the 
Department of Energy under this section shall be used for construction.
    ``(n) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this section $50,000,000 for 
each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027.''.

                     Subtitle D--Research Security

SEC. 10631. REQUIREMENTS FOR FOREIGN TALENT RECRUITMENT PROGRAMS.

    (a) Purpose.--The purpose of this subtitle is to direct actions to 
prohibit participation in any foreign talent recruitment program by 
personnel of Federal research agencies and to prohibit participation in 
a malign foreign talent recruitment program by covered individuals 
involved with research and development awards from those agencies.
    (b) Guidance.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Director of the Office of Science and 
Technology Policy, in coordination with the interagency working group 
established under section 1746 of the National Defense Authorization 
Act for Fiscal Year 2020 (42 U.S.C. 6601 note; Public Law 116-92), 
shall publish and widely distribute a uniform set of guidelines for 
Federal research agencies regarding foreign talent recruitment 
programs. Such policy guidelines shall--
            (1) prohibit all personnel of each Federal research agency, 
        including Federal employees, contract employees, independent 
        contractors, individuals serving under the Intergovernmental 
        Personnel Act of 1970 (42 U.S.C. 4701 et seq), Visiting 
        Scientist, Engineering, and Educator appointments, and special 
        government employees other than peer reviewers, from 
        participating in a foreign talent recruitment program;
            (2) as part of the requirements under section 223 of the 
        William (Mac) Thornberry NDAA of Fiscal Year 2021 (10 U.S.C. 
        6605; Public Law 116-283), require covered individuals to 
        disclose if such individuals are a party to a foreign talent 
        recruitment program contract, agreement, or other arrangement;
            (3) prohibit research and development awards from being 
        made for any proposal in which a covered individual is 
        participating in a malign foreign talent recruitment program; 
        and
            (4) to the extent practicable, require recipient 
        institutions to prohibit covered individuals participating in 
        malign foreign talent recruitment programs from working on 
        projects supported by research and development awards.
    (c) Definition of Foreign Talent Recruitment Programs.--As part of 
the guidance under subsection (b), the Director of the Office of 
Science and Technology Policy shall define and describe the 
characteristics of a foreign talent recruitment program.
    (d) Implementation.--Not later than one year after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, each Federal research agency shall issue a 
policy utilizing the guidelines under subsection (b).
    (e) Consistency.--The Director of the Office of Science and 
Technology Policy shall ensure that the policies issued by the Federal 
research agencies under subsection (d) are consistent to the greatest 
extent practicable.

SEC. 10632. MALIGN FOREIGN TALENT RECRUITMENT PROGRAM PROHIBITION.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 24 months after the date of 
enactment of this Act, each Federal research agency shall establish a 
policy that, as part of a proposal for a research and development award 
from the agency--
            (1) each covered individual listed in such proposal certify 
        that each such individual is not a party to a malign foreign 
        talent recruitment program in the proposal submission of each 
        such individual and annually thereafter for the duration of the 
        award; and
            (2) each institution of higher education or other 
        organization applying for such an award certify that each 
        covered individual who is employed by such institution of 
        higher education or other organization has been made aware of 
        the requirements under this section and complied with the 
        requirement under paragraph (1).
    (b) Stakeholder Input.--In establishing a policy under subsection 
(a), Federal research agencies shall publish a description of the 
proposed policy in the Federal Register and provide an opportunity for 
submission of public comment for a period of not more than 60 days.
    (c) Compliance With Existing Law.--Each Federal research agency and 
recipient shall comply with title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 
(42 U.S.C. 2000d et seq.) in the establishment of policies pursuant to 
under subsection (a).
    (d) International Collaboration.--Each policy developed under 
subsection (a) shall not prohibit, unless such activities are funded, 
organized, or managed by an academic institution or a foreign talent 
recruitment program on the lists developed under paragraphs (8) and (9) 
of section 1286(c) of the John S. McCain National Defense Authorization 
Act for Fiscal Year 2019 (10 U.S.C. 4001 note; Public Law 115-232)--
            (1) making scholarly presentations and publishing written 
        materials regarding scientific information not otherwise 
        controlled under current law;
            (2) participation in international conferences or other 
        international exchanges, research projects or programs that 
        involve open and reciprocal exchange of scientific information, 
        and which are aimed at advancing international scientific 
        understanding and not otherwise controlled under current law;
            (3) advising a foreign student enrolled at an institution 
        of higher education or writing a recommendation for such a 
        student, at such student's request; and
            (4) other international activities determined appropriate 
        by the Federal research agency head or designee.
    (e) Limitation.--The certifications required under subsection (a) 
shall not apply retroactively to research and development awards made 
or applied for prior to the establishment of the policy by the Federal 
research agency.
    (f) Training.--Each Federal research agency shall ensure that, as a 
requirement of an award from each such agency, recipient institutions 
provide training on the risks of malign foreign talent recruitment 
programs to covered individuals employed at such institutions, 
including those individuals who are participating in activities 
described in subsection (d).

SEC. 10633. REVIEW OF CONTRACTS AND AGREEMENTS.

    (a) In General.--In addition to existing authorities for preventing 
waste, fraud, abuse, and mismanagement of Federal funds, each Federal 
research agency shall have the authority to--
            (1) require, upon request, the submission to such agency, 
        by an institution of higher education or other organization 
        applying for a research and development award, of supporting 
        documentation, including copies of contracts, grants, or any 
        other agreement specific to foreign appointments, employment 
        with a foreign institution, participation in a foreign talent 
        recruitment program and other information reported as current 
        and pending support for all covered individuals in a research 
        and development award application;
            (2) require such institution of higher education or other 
        organization to review any documents requested under paragraph 
        (1) for compliance with the Federal research agency's award 
        terms and conditions, including guidance on conflicts of 
        interest and conflicts of commitment; and
            (3) upon receipt and review of the information provided 
        under paragraph (1) and in consultation with the institution of 
        higher education or other organization submitting such 
        information, initiate the substitution or removal of a covered 
        individual from a research and development award, reduce the 
        award funding amount, or suspend or terminate the award if the 
        agency head determines such contracts, grants, or agreements 
        include obligations that--
                    (A) interfere with the capacity for agency-
                supported activities to be carried out; or
                    (B) create duplication with agency-supported 
                activities.
    (b) Limitations.--In exercising the authorities under subsection 
(a), each Federal research agency shall--
            (1) take necessary steps, as practicable, to protect the 
        privacy of all covered individuals and other parties specified 
        in the documentation submitted under paragraph (1) of such 
        subsection;
            (2) endeavor to provide justification for requests for 
        supporting documentation made under such paragraph;
            (3) require that allegations be proven by a preponderance 
        of evidence; and
            (4) as practicable, afford subjects an opportunity to 
        provide comments and rebuttal and an opportunity to appeal 
        before final administrative action is taken.

SEC. 10634. RESEARCH SECURITY TRAINING REQUIREMENT FOR FEDERAL RESEARCH 
              AWARD PERSONNEL.

    (a) Annual Training Requirement.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 12 months after the date of 
        the enactment of this Act, each Federal research agency shall 
        establish a requirement that, as part of an application for a 
        research and development award from the agency--
                    (A) each covered individual listed on the 
                application for a research and development award 
                certify that each such individual has completed within 
                one year of such application research security training 
                that meets the guidelines developed under subsection 
                (b); and
                    (B) each institution of higher education or other 
                organization applying for such an award certify that 
                each covered individual who is employed by such 
                institution or organization and listed on the 
                application has completed such training.
            (2) Consistency.--The Director of the Office of Science and 
        Technology Policy shall ensure that the training requirements 
        established by Federal research agencies pursuant to paragraph 
        (1) are consistent.
    (b) Training Guidelines.--The Director of the Office of Science and 
Technology Policy, acting through the National Science and Technology 
Council and in accordance with the authority provided under section 
1746(a) of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020 
(Public Law 116-92; 42 U.S.C. 6601 note), shall, taking into 
consideration stakeholder input, develop guidelines for institutions of 
higher education and other organizations receiving Federal research and 
development funds to use in developing their own training programs to 
address the unique needs, challenges, and risk profiles of such 
institutions and other organizations, including adoption of security 
training modules developed under subsection (c), to ensure compliance 
with National Security Presidential Memorandum-33 (relating to 
strengthening protections of the United States Government-supported 
research and development against foreign government interference and 
exploitation) or any successor documents.
    (c) Security Training Modules.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 90 days after the date of 
        the enactment of this Act, the Director of the Office of 
        Science and Technology Policy, in coordination with the 
        Director of the National Science Foundation, the Director of 
        the National Institutes of Health, the Secretary of Energy, and 
        the Secretary of Defense, and in consultation with the heads of 
        relevant Federal research agencies, shall enter into an 
        agreement or contract with a qualified entity for the 
        development of online research security training modules for 
        the research community and participants in the United States 
        research and development enterprise to ensure compliance with 
        National Security Presidential Memorandum-33 or successor 
        documents, including modules--
                    (A) focused on cybersecurity, international 
                collaboration and international travel, foreign 
                interference, and rules for proper use of funds, 
                disclosure, conflict of commitment, and conflict of 
                interest; and
                    (B) tailored to the unique needs of--
                            (i) covered individuals;
                            (ii) undergraduate students, graduate 
                        students, and postdoctoral researchers; and
                            (iii) applicants for awards under the SBIR 
                        and STTR programs (as such terms are defined in 
                        section 9(e) of the Small Business Act (15 
                        U.S.C. 638(e)).
            (2) Stakeholder input.--Prior to entering into the 
        agreement under paragraph (1), the Director of the Office of 
        Science and Technology Policy shall seek input from academic, 
        private sector, intelligence, and law enforcement stakeholders 
        regarding the scope and content of security training modules, 
        including the diversity of needs across institutions of higher 
        education and other recipients of different sizes and types, 
        and recommendations for minimizing administrative burden on 
        recipients and researchers.
            (3) Development.--The Director of the Office of Science and 
        Technology Policy shall ensure that the entity referred to in 
        paragraph (1)--
                    (A) develops security training modules that can be 
                adapted and utilized across Federal research agencies; 
                and
                    (B) develops and implements a plan for regularly 
                updating such modules as needed.

SEC. 10635. RESEARCH FUNDS ACCOUNTING.

    (a) Study Period Defined.--In this section the term ``study 
period'' means the 5-year period ending on the date of the enactment of 
this Act.
    (b) Study.--The Comptroller General of the United States shall 
conduct a study on Federal funding made available to foreign entities 
of concern for research, during the study period.
    (c) Matters to Be Included.--The study conducted under subsection 
(b) shall include, to the extent practicable with respect to the study 
period, an assessment of--
            (1) the total amount of Federal funding made available to 
        foreign entities of concern for research;
            (2) the total number and types of foreign entities of 
        concern to which such funding was made available;
            (3) the requirements relating to the awarding, tracking, 
        and monitoring of such funding;
            (4) any other data available with respect to Federal 
        funding made available to foreign entities of concern for 
        research; and
            (5) such other matters as the Comptroller General of the 
        United States determines appropriate.
    (d) Briefing on Available Data.--Not later than 120 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of the 
United States shall brief the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
Transportation, the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and 
Pensions, and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate and the 
Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, the Committee on Energy 
and Commerce, and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of 
Representatives on the study conducted under subsection (b) and the 
data that is available with respect to Federal funding made available 
to foreign entities of concern for research.
    (e) Report.--The Comptroller General of the United States shall 
submit to the congressional committees specified in subsection (d), by 
a date agreed upon by the Comptroller General and the committees on the 
date of the briefing under such subsection, a report on the findings of 
the study conducted under subsection (b).

SEC. 10636. PERSON OR ENTITY OF CONCERN PROHIBITION.

    No person published on the list under section 1237(b) of the Strom 
Thurmond National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1999 
(Public Law 105-261; 50 U.S.C. 1701 note) or entity identified under 
section 1260h of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense 
Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (10 U.S.C. 113 note; Public Law 
116-283) may receive or participate in any grant, award, program, 
support, or other activity under--
            (1) the Directorate established in subtitle G of title III 
        of this division;
            (2) section 28(b)(1) of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology 
        Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3701 et seq.), as added by 
        section 10621; or
            (3) the Manufacturing USA Program, as improved and expanded 
        under subtitle E of title II of this division.

SEC. 10637. NONDISCRIMINATION.

    In carrying out requirements under this subtitle, each Federal 
research agency shall ensure that policies and activities developed and 
implemented pursuant to this subtitle are carried out in a manner that 
does not target, stigmatize, or discriminate against individuals on the 
basis of race, ethnicity, or national origin, consistent with title VI 
of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (42 U.S.C. 2000d et seq.).

SEC. 10638. DEFINITIONS.

    In this subtitle:
            (1) Covered individual.--The term ``covered individual'' 
        means an individual who--
                    (A) contributes in a substantive, meaningful way to 
                the scientific development or execution of a research 
                and development project proposed to be carried out with 
                a research and development award from a Federal 
                research agency; and
                    (B) is designated as a covered individual by the 
                Federal research agency concerned.
            (2) Foreign country of concern.--The term ``foreign country 
        of concern'' means the People's Republic of China, the 
        Democratic People's Republic of Korea, the Russian Federation, 
        the Islamic Republic of Iran, or any other country determined 
        to be a country of concern by the Secretary of State.
            (3) Foreign entity of concern.--The term ``foreign entity 
        of concern'' means a foreign entity that is--
                    (A) designated as a foreign terrorist organization 
                by the Secretary of State under section 219(a) of the 
                Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1189(a));
                    (B) included on the list of specially designated 
                nationals and blocked persons maintained by the Office 
                of Foreign Assets Control of the Department of the 
                Treasury (commonly known as the SDN list);
                    (C) owned by, controlled by, or subject to the 
                jurisdiction or direction of a government of a foreign 
                country that is a covered nation (as such term is 
                defined in section 4872 of title 10, United States 
                Code);
                    (D) alleged by the Attorney General to have been 
                involved in activities for which a conviction was 
                obtained under--
                            (i) chapter 37 of title 18, United States 
                        Code (commonly known as the Espionage Act);
                            (ii) section 951 or 1030 of title 18, 
                        United States Code;
                            (iii) chapter 90 of title 18, United States 
                        Code (commonly known as the Economic Espionage 
                        Act of 1996);
                            (iv) the Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 
                        2751 et seq.);
                            (v) section 224, 225, 226, 227, or 236 of 
                        the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C. 2274, 
                        2275, 2276, 2277, and 2284);
                            (vi) the Export Control Reform Act of 2018 
                        (50 U.S.C. 4801 et seq.); or
                            (vii) the International Emergency Economic 
                        Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.); or
                    (E) determined by the Secretary of Commerce, in 
                consultation with the Secretary of Defense and the 
                Director of National Intelligence, to be engaged in 
                unauthorized conduct that is detrimental to the 
                national security or foreign policy of the United 
                States.
            (4) Malign foreign talent recruitment program.--The term 
        ``malign foreign talent recruitment program'' means--
                    (A) any program, position, or activity that 
                includes compensation in the form of cash, in-kind 
                compensation, including research funding, promised 
                future compensation, complimentary foreign travel, 
                things of non de minimis value, honorific titles, 
                career advancement opportunities, or other types of 
                remuneration or consideration directly provided by a 
                foreign country at any level (national, provincial, or 
                local) or their designee, or an entity based in, funded 
                by, or affiliated with a foreign country, whether or 
                not directly sponsored by the foreign country, to the 
                targeted individual, whether directly or indirectly 
                stated in the arrangement, contract, or other 
                documentation at issue, in exchange for the 
                individual--
                            (i) engaging in the unauthorized transfer 
                        of intellectual property, materials, data 
                        products, or other nonpublic information owned 
                        by a United States entity or developed with a 
                        Federal research and development award to the 
                        government of a foreign country or an entity 
                        based in, funded by, or affiliated with a 
                        foreign country regardless of whether that 
                        government or entity provided support for the 
                        development of the intellectual property, 
                        materials, or data products;
                            (ii) being required to recruit trainees or 
                        researchers to enroll in such program, 
                        position, or activity;
                            (iii) establishing a laboratory or company, 
                        accepting a faculty position, or undertaking 
                        any other employment or appointment in a 
                        foreign country or with an entity based in, 
                        funded by, or affiliated with a foreign country 
                        if such activities are in violation of the 
                        standard terms and conditions of a Federal 
                        research and development award;
                            (iv) being unable to terminate the foreign 
                        talent recruitment program contract or 
                        agreement except in extraordinary 
                        circumstances;
                            (v) through funding or effort related to 
                        the foreign talent recruitment program, being 
                        limited in the capacity to carry out a research 
                        and development award or required to engage in 
                        work that would result in substantial overlap 
                        or duplication with a Federal research and 
                        development award;
                            (vi) being required to apply for and 
                        successfully receive funding from the 
                        sponsoring foreign government's funding 
                        agencies with the sponsoring foreign 
                        organization as the recipient;
                            (vii) being required to omit acknowledgment 
                        of the recipient institution with which the 
                        individual is affiliated, or the Federal 
                        research agency sponsoring the research and 
                        development award, contrary to the 
                        institutional policies or standard terms and 
                        conditions of the Federal research and 
                        development award;
                            (viii) being required to not disclose to 
                        the Federal research agency or employing 
                        institution the participation of such 
                        individual in such program, position, or 
                        activity; or
                            (ix) having a conflict of interest or 
                        conflict of commitment contrary to the standard 
                        terms and conditions of the Federal research 
                        and development award; and
                    (B) a program that is sponsored by--
                            (i) a foreign country of concern or an 
                        entity based in a foreign country of concern, 
                        whether or not directly sponsored by the 
                        foreign country of concern;
                            (ii) an academic institution on the list 
                        developed under section 1286(c)(8) of the John 
                        S. McCain National Defense Authorization Act 
                        for Fiscal Year 2019 (10 U.S.C. 2358 note; 
                        Public Law 115-232); or
                            (iii) a foreign talent recruitment program 
                        on the list developed under section 1286(c)(9) 
                        of the John S. McCain National Defense 
                        Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2019 (10 
                        U.S.C. 2358 note; Public Law 115-232).

  Subtitle E--Coastal and Ocean Acidification Research and Innovation

SEC. 10641. SHORT TITLE.

    This subtitle may be cited as the ``Coastal and Ocean Acidification 
Research and Innovation Act of 2021''.

SEC. 10642. PURPOSES.

    (a) In General.--Section 12402(a) of the Federal Ocean 
Acidification Research and Monitoring Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3701(a)) 
is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1)--
                    (A) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by 
                striking ``development and coordination'' and inserting 
                ``development coordination and implementation'';
                    (B) in subparagraph (A), by striking 
                ``acidification on marine organisms'' and inserting 
                ``acidification and coastal acidification on marine 
                organisms''; and
                    (C) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``establish'' 
                and all that follows through the semicolon and 
                inserting ``maintain and advise an interagency 
                research, monitoring, and public outreach program on 
                ocean acidification and coastal acidification;'';
            (2) in paragraph (2), by striking ``establishment'' and 
        inserting ``maintenance'';
            (3) in paragraph (3), by inserting ``and coastal 
        acidification'' after ``ocean acidification''; and
            (4) in paragraph (4), by striking ``techniques for'' and 
        all that follows through the period and inserting ``mitigating 
        the impacts of ocean and coastal acidification and related co-
        stressors on marine ecosystems.''.
    (b) Technical and Conforming Amendment.--Section 12402 of the 
Federal Ocean Acidification Research and Monitoring Act of 2009 (33 
U.S.C. 3701(a)) is amended by striking ``(a) Purposes.--''.

SEC. 10643. DEFINITIONS.

    Section 12403 of the Federal Ocean Acidification Research and 
Monitoring Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3702) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1), by striking ``of the Earth's oceans'' 
        and all that follows before the period at the end and inserting 
        ``and changes in the water chemistry of the Earth's oceans, 
        coastal estuaries, marine waterways, and Great Lakes caused by 
        carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and the breakdown of organic 
        matter'';
            (2) in paragraph (3), by striking ``Joint Subcommittee on 
        Ocean Science and Technology of the National Science and 
        Technology Council'' and inserting ``National Science and 
        Technology Council Subcommittee on Ocean Science and 
        Technology'';
            (3) by redesignating paragraphs (1), (2), and (3) as 
        paragraphs (2), (3), and (4), respectively;
            (4) by inserting before paragraph (2), as so redesignated, 
        the following:
            ``(1) Coastal acidification.--The term `coastal 
        acidification' means the decrease in pH and changes in the 
        water chemistry of coastal oceans, estuaries, and Great Lakes 
        from atmospheric pollution, freshwater inputs, and excess 
        nutrient run-off from land.''; and
            (5) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(5) State.--The term `State' means each State of the 
        United States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of 
        Puerto Rico, American Samoa, Guam, the Commonwealth of the 
        Northern Mariana Islands, the Virgin Islands of the United 
        States, and any other territory or possession of the United 
        States.''.

SEC. 10644. INTERAGENCY WORKING GROUP.

    Section 12404 of the Federal Ocean Acidification Research and 
Monitoring Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3703) is amended--
            (1) in the heading, by striking ``subcommittee'' and 
        inserting ``working group'';
            (2) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1), by striking ``Joint 
                Subcommittee on Ocean Science and Technology of the 
                National Science and Technology Council shall 
                coordinate Federal activities on ocean acidification 
                and establish'' and insert ``Subcommittee shall 
                coordinate Federal activities on ocean and coastal 
                acidification and establish and maintain'';
                    (B) in paragraph (2), by striking ``Wildlife 
                Service,'' and inserting ``Wildlife Service, the Bureau 
                of Ocean Energy Management, the Environmental 
                Protection Agency, the Department of Agriculture, the 
                Department of State, the Department of Energy, the 
                Department of the Navy, the National Park Service, the 
                Bureau of Indian Affairs, the National Institute of 
                Standards and Technology, the Smithsonian 
                Institution,''; and
                    (C) in paragraph (3), in the heading, by striking 
                ``Chairman'' and inserting ``Chair'';
            (3) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) in paragraph (2)--
                            (i) in subparagraph (A), by inserting ``and 
                        coastal acidification'' after ``ocean 
                        acidification''; and
                            (ii) in subparagraph (B), by inserting 
                        ``and coastal acidification'' after ``ocean 
                        acidification'';
                    (B) in paragraph (4), by striking ``; and'' and 
                inserting a semicolon; and
                    (C) in paragraph (5)--
                            (i) by inserting ``, and contribute to as 
                        appropriate,'' after ``designate'';
                            (ii) by striking ``developed'' and 
                        inserting ``and coastal acidification 
                        developed''; and
                            (iii) by striking the period at the end and 
                        inserting ``and coastal acidification; and''.
            (4) in subsection (c)--
                    (A) in paragraph (2)--
                            (i) by inserting ``until 2032'' after 
                        ``every 2 years thereafter'';
                            (ii) by inserting ``, and to the Office of 
                        Management and Budget,'' after ``House of 
                        Representatives''; and
                            (iii) in subparagraph (B), by striking 
                        ``the interagency research'' and inserting 
                        ``interagency strategic research'';
                    (B) in paragraph (3), by inserting ``until 2031'' 
                after ``at least once every 5 years''; and
                    (C) in paragraph (4), by inserting ``until 2032'' 
                after ``and every 6 years thereafter'';
            (5) by redesignating subsection (c) as subsection (e); and
            (6) by inserting after subsection (b) the following:
    ``(c) Advisory Board.--
            ``(1) Establishment.--The Chair of the Subcommittee shall 
        establish an Ocean Acidification Advisory Board.
            ``(2) Duties.--The Advisory Board shall--
                    ``(A) maintain a process for reviewing and making 
                recommendations to the Subcommittee on--
                            ``(i) the biennial report specified in 
                        subsection (d)(2); and
                            ``(ii) the strategic research plan in 
                        subsection (d)(3);
                    ``(B) provide ongoing advice to the Subcommittee 
                and the interagency working group on matters related to 
                Federal activities on ocean and coastal acidification, 
                including impacts and mitigation of ocean and coastal 
                acidification; and
                    ``(C) advise the Subcommittee and the interagency 
                working group on--
                            ``(i) efforts to coordinate research and 
                        monitoring activities related to ocean 
                        acidification and coastal acidification; and
                            ``(ii) the best practices for the standards 
                        developed for data archiving under section 
                        12406(d).
            ``(3) Membership.--The Advisory Board shall consist of 25 
        members as follows:
                    ``(A) Two representatives of the shellfish, 
                lobster, or crab industry.
                    ``(B) One representative of the finfish industry.
                    ``(C) One representative of seafood processors.
                    ``(D) Three representatives from academia, 
                including both natural and social sciences.
                    ``(E) One representative of recreational fishing.
                    ``(F) One representative of a relevant 
                nongovernmental organization.
                    ``(G) Six representatives from relevant State and 
                local governments with policy or regulatory authorities 
                related to ocean acidification and coastal 
                acidification.
                    ``(H) One representative from the Alaska Ocean 
                Acidification Network or a subsequent entity that 
                represents the same geographical region and has a 
                similar purpose.
                    ``(I) One representative from the California 
                Current Acidification Network or a subsequent entity 
                that represents the same geographical region and has a 
                similar purpose.
                    ``(J) One representative from the Northeast Coastal 
                Acidification Network or a subsequent entity that 
                represents the same geographical region and has a 
                similar purpose.
                    ``(K) One representative from the Southeast Coastal 
                Acidification Network or a subsequent entity that 
                represents the same geographical region and has a 
                similar purpose.
                    ``(L) One representative from the Gulf of Mexico 
                Coastal Acidification Network or a subsequent entity 
                that represents the same geographical region and has a 
                similar purpose.
                    ``(M) One representative from the Mid-Atlantic 
                Coastal Acidification Network or a subsequent entity 
                that represents the same geographical region and has a 
                similar purpose.
                    ``(N) One representative from the Pacific Islands 
                Ocean Observing System or a subsequent entity that 
                represents the island territories and possessions of 
                the United States in the Pacific Ocean, and the State 
                of Hawaii and has a similar purpose.
                    ``(O) One representative from the Caribbean 
                Regional Association for Coastal Ocean Observing or a 
                subsequent entity that represents Puerto Rico and the 
                United States Virgin Islands and has a similar purpose.
                    ``(P) One representative from the National Oceanic 
                and Atmospheric Administration Olympic Coast Ocean 
                Acidification Sentinel Site or a subsequent entity that 
                represents the same geographical representation.
                    ``(Q) One representative from the National Oceanic 
                and Atmospheric Administration shall serve as an ex-
                officio member of the Advisory Board without a vote.
            ``(4) Appointment of members.--The Chair of the 
        Subcommittee shall--
                    ``(A) appoint members to the Advisory Board (taking 
                into account the geographical interests of each 
                individual to be appointed as a member of the Advisory 
                Board to ensure that an appropriate balance of 
                geographical interests are represented by the members 
                of the Advisory Board) who--
                            ``(i) represent the interest group for 
                        which each seat is designated;
                            ``(ii) demonstrate expertise on ocean 
                        acidification or coastal acidification and its 
                        scientific, economic, industry, cultural, and 
                        community impacts; and
                            ``(iii) have a record of distinguished 
                        service with respect to ocean acidification or 
                        coastal acidification, and such impacts;
                    ``(B) give consideration to nominations and 
                recommendations from the members of the interagency 
                working group and the public for such appointments; and
                    ``(C) ensure that an appropriate balance of 
                scientific, industry, State and local resource 
                managers, and geographical interests are represented by 
                the members of the Advisory Board.
            ``(5) Term of membership.--Each member of the Advisory 
        Board--
                    ``(A) shall be appointed for a 5-year term; and
                    ``(B) may be appointed to no more than two terms.
            ``(6) Chair.--The Chair of the Subcommittee shall appoint 
        one member of the Advisory Board to serve as the Chair of the 
        Advisory Board.
            ``(7) Meetings.--Not less than once each calendar year, the 
        Advisory Board shall meet at such times and places as may be 
        designated by the Chair of the Advisory Board, in consultation 
        with the Chair of the Subcommittee and the Chair of the 
        interagency working group.
            ``(8) Briefing.--The Chair of the Advisory Board shall 
        brief the Subcommittee and the interagency working group on the 
        progress of the Advisory Board as necessary or at the request 
        of the Subcommittee.
            ``(9) Tribal government engagement and coordination.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Advisory Board shall 
                maintain mechanisms for coordination, and engagement 
                with Tribal governments.
                    ``(i) Rule of construction.--Nothing in 
                subparagraph (A) may be construed as affecting any 
                requirement to consult with Indian Tribes under 
                Executive Order 13175 (25 U.S.C. 5301 note; relating to 
                consultation and coordination with Tribal governments) 
                or any other applicable law or policy.
            ``(10) Federal advisory committee act.--Section 14 of the 
        Federal Advisory Committee Act shall not apply to the Advisory 
        Board for 10 years from the date of enactment of this Act.
    ``(d) Prize Competitions.--
            ``(1) In general.--Any Federal agency with a representative 
        serving on the interagency working group established under this 
        section may, either individually or in cooperation with one or 
        more agencies, carry out a program to award prizes 
        competitively under section 24 of the Stevenson-Wydler 
        Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3719). An agency 
        seeking to carry out such a program shall carry out such 
        program in coordination with the chair of such interagency 
        working group.
            ``(2) Purposes.--Any prize competition carried out under 
        this subsection shall be for the purpose of stimulating 
        innovation to advance our Nation's ability to understand, 
        research, or monitor ocean acidification or its impacts, or to 
        develop management or adaptation options for responding to 
        ocean and coastal acidification.
            ``(3) Priority programs.--Priority shall be given to 
        establishing programs under this section that address 
        communities, environments, or industries that are in distress 
        due to the impacts of ocean and coastal acidification.''.

SEC. 10645. STRATEGIC RESEARCH PLAN.

    Section 12405 of the Federal Ocean Acidification Research and 
Monitoring Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3704) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) by striking ``acidification'' each place it 
                appears and inserting ``acidification and coastal 
                acidification'';
                    (B) in the first sentence--
                            (i) by inserting ``, and not later than 
                        every 5 years following the publication of each 
                        subsequent strategic research plan until 2035'' 
                        after ``the date of enactment of this Act'';
                            (ii) by inserting ``address the 
                        socioeconomic impacts of ocean acidification 
                        and coastal acidification and to'' after 
                        ``mitigation strategies to''; and
                            (iii) by striking ``marine ecosystems'' 
                        each place it appears and inserting 
                        ``ecosystems''; and
                    (C) in the second sentence, by striking ``National 
                Academy of Sciences in the review of the plan required 
                under subsection (d)'', and inserting ``Advisory Board 
                established in section 12404(c)'';
            (2) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1), by inserting ``and social 
                sciences'' after ``among the ocean sciences'';
                    (B) in paragraph (2)--
                            (i) in subparagraph (B)--
                                    (I) by striking ``improve the 
                                ability to assess the'' and inserting 
                                ``assess the short-term and long-
                                term''; and
                                    (II) by striking ``; and'' at the 
                                end and inserting a semicolon;
                            (ii) by amending subparagraph (C) to read 
                        as follows:
                    ``(C) provide information for the development of 
                adaptation and mitigation strategies to address--
                            ``(i) socioeconomic impacts of ocean 
                        acidification and coastal acidification;
                            ``(ii) conservation of marine organisms and 
                        ecosystems;
                            ``(iii) assessment of the effectiveness of 
                        such adaptation and mitigation strategies; 
                        and''; and
                            (iii) by adding at the end the following 
                        new subparagraph:
                    ``(D) improve research on--
                            ``(i) ocean acidification and coastal 
                        acidification;
                            ``(ii) the interactions between and effects 
                        of ocean and coastal acidification and multiple 
                        combined stressors including changes in water 
                        chemistry, changes in sediment delivery, 
                        hypoxia, and harmful algal blooms, on ocean 
                        acidification and coastal acidification; and
                            ``(iii) the effect or effects of clauses 
                        (i) and (ii) on marine resources and 
                        ecosystems;'';
                    (C) in paragraph (3)--
                            (i) in subparagraph (F), by striking 
                        ``database development'' and inserting ``data 
                        management'';
                            (ii) in subparagraph (H) by striking 
                        ``and'' at the end; and
                            (iii) by adding at the end the following 
                        new subparagraphs:
                    ``(J) assessment of adaptation and mitigation 
                strategies; and
                    ``(K) education and outreach activities;'';
                    (D) in paragraph (4), by striking ``set forth'' and 
                inserting ``ensure an appropriate balance of 
                contribution in establishing'';
                    (E) in paragraph (5), by striking ``reports'' and 
                inserting ``the best available peer-reviewed scientific 
                reports'';
                    (F) in paragraph (6)--
                            (i) by inserting ``and coastal 
                        acidification'' after ``ocean acidification''; 
                        and
                            (ii) by striking ``of the United States'' 
                        and inserting ``within the United States'';
                    (G) in paragraph (8)--
                            (i) by inserting ``and coastal 
                        acidification'' after ``ocean acidification'' 
                        each place it appears;
                            (ii) by striking ``its'' and inserting 
                        ``their''; and
                            (iii) by striking ``; and'' at the end and 
                        inserting a semicolon;
                    (H) in paragraph (9), by striking ``and'' at the 
                end
                    (I) in paragraph (10), by striking the period at 
                the end and inserting a semicolon; and
                    (J) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(11) describe monitoring needs necessary to support 
        potentially affected industry members, coastal stakeholders, 
        fishery management councils and commissions, Tribal 
        governments, non-Federal resource managers, and scientific 
        experts on decision-making and adaptation related to ocean 
        acidification and coastal acidification; and
            ``(12) describe the extent to which the Subcommittee 
        incorporated feedback from the Advisory Board established in 
        section 12404(c).'';
            (3) in subsection (c)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1)(C), by striking ``surface'';
                    (B) in paragraph (2), by inserting ``and coastal 
                acidification'' after ``ocean acidification'' each 
                place it appears;
                    (C) in paragraph (3)--
                            (i) by striking ``input, and'' and 
                        inserting ``inputs,'';
                            (ii) by inserting ``, marine food webs,'' 
                        after ``marine ecosystems''; and
                            (iii) by inserting ``, and modeling that 
                        supports fisheries management'' after ``marine 
                        organisms'';
                    (D) in paragraph (5), by inserting ``and coastal 
                acidification'' after ``ocean acidification''; and
                    (E) by adding at the end the following new 
                paragraph:
            ``(8) Research to understand related and cumulative 
        stressors and other biogeochemical processes occurring in 
        conjunction with ocean acidification and coastal 
        acidification.''; and
            (4) by striking subsections (d) and (e) and inserting the 
        following:
    ``(d) Publication.--Concurrent with the submission of the plan to 
Congress, the Subcommittee shall publish the plan on a public 
website.''.

SEC. 10646. NOAA OCEAN ACIDIFICATION ACTIVITIES.

    Section 12406 of the Federal Ocean Acidification Research and 
Monitoring Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3705) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by 
                inserting ``coordination,'' after ``research, 
                monitoring,'';
                    (B) in paragraph (1)--
                            (i) in subparagraph (B), by inserting 
                        ``including leveraging, as appropriate, the 
                        Integrated Ocean Observing System and the ocean 
                        observing assets of other Federal, State, and 
                        Tribal agencies,'' after ``ocean observing 
                        assets,'';
                            (ii) by redesignating subparagraphs (C), 
                        (D), (E), and (F) as subparagraphs (E), (G), 
                        (H), and (I), respectively;
                            (iii) by inserting after subparagraph (B) 
                        the following new subparagraphs:
                    ``(C) prioritization of the location of monitoring 
                instruments, assets, and projects to maximize the 
                efficiency of resources and agency and department 
                missions;
                    ``(D) an optimization of understanding of 
                socioeconomic impacts and ecosystem health''.
                            (iv) in subparagraph (E), as so 
                        redesignated, by striking ``adaptation'' and 
                        inserting ``adaptation and mitigation'';
                            (v) by inserting after subparagraph (E), as 
                        so redesignated, the following new 
                        subparagraph:
                    ``(F) technical assistance to socioeconomically 
                vulnerable States, local governments, Tribal 
                governments, communities, and industries impacted by 
                ocean and coastal acidification to support their 
                development of ocean and coastal acidification 
                mitigation strategies;''.
                            (vi) in subparagraph (H), as so 
                        redesignated--
                                    (I) by striking ``its impacts'' and 
                                inserting ``their respective impacts'';
                                    (II) by striking ``and'' at the 
                                end;
                            (vii) in subparagraph (I), as so 
                        redesignated--
                                    (I) by striking ``monitoring and 
                                impacts research'' and inserting 
                                ``research, monitoring, and adaptation 
                                and mitigation strategies''; and
                                    (II) by striking the period at the 
                                end and inserting a semicolon; and
                            (viii) by adding at the end the following 
                        new subparagraphs:
                    ``(J) research to improve understanding of--
                            ``(i) the impact of ocean acidification and 
                        coastal acidification; and
                            ``(ii) how multiple environmental stressors 
                        may contribute to and exacerbate ocean and 
                        coastal acidification on living marine 
                        resources and coastal ecosystems; and
                    ``(K) research to support the development of 
                adaptation and mitigation strategies to address the 
                socioeconomic impacts of ocean and coastal 
                acidification on coastal communities;'';
                    (C) in paragraph (2), by striking ``critical 
                research projects that explore'' and inserting 
                ``critical research, education, and outreach projects 
                that explore and communicate''; and
                    (D) in paragraphs (1) and (2), by striking 
                ``acidification'' each place it appears and inserting 
                ``acidification and coastal acidification''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following new subsections:
    ``(c) Relationship to Interagency Working Group.--The National 
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration shall serve as the lead Federal 
agency responsible for coordinating the Federal response to ocean and 
coastal acidification. The Administration may enter into Memoranda of 
Understanding to--
            ``(1) coordinate monitoring and research efforts among 
        Federal agencies in cooperation with State, local, and Tribal 
        governments and international partners; this may include 
        analysis and synthesis of the results of monitoring and 
        research;
            ``(2) maintain an Ocean Acidification Information Exchange 
        described under section 12404(b)(5) to allow for information to 
        be electronically accessible, including information--
                    ``(A) on ocean acidification developed through or 
                used by the ocean acidification program described under 
                subsection (a); or
                    ``(B) that would be useful to State governments, 
                local governments, Tribal governments, resource 
                managers, policymakers, researchers, and other 
                stakeholders in mitigating or adapting to the impacts 
                of ocean acidification and coastal acidification; and
            ``(3) establishing and maintaining the data archive system 
        under subsection (d).
    ``(d) Data Archive System.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary, in coordination with the 
        members of the interagency working group, shall support the 
        long-term stewardship of, and access to, data relating to ocean 
        and coastal acidification through providing the data on a 
        publicly accessible data archive system. To the extent 
        possible, this data archive system shall collect and provide 
        access to ocean and coastal acidification data--
                    ``(A) from relevant federally funded research;
                    ``(B) provided by a Federal, State, or local 
                government, academic scientist, citizen scientist, or 
                industry organization;
                    ``(C) voluntarily submitted by Tribes or Tribal 
                governments; and
                    ``(D) from existing global or national data assets 
                that are currently maintained within Federal agencies.
            ``(2) Data standards.--The Secretary to, the extent 
        possible, shall ensure all such data adheres to data and 
        metadata standards to support the public findability, 
        accessibility, interoperability, and reusability of such 
        data.''.

SEC. 10647. NSF OCEAN ACIDIFICATION ACTIVITIES.

    Section 12407 of the Federal Ocean Acidification Research and 
Monitoring Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3706) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``ocean acidification'' each place it 
        appears and inserting ``ocean acidification and coastal 
        acidification'';
            (2) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by 
                striking ``its impacts'' and inserting ``their 
                respective impacts'';
                    (B) in paragraph (3), by striking ``and its 
                impacts'' and inserting ``and their respective 
                impacts'';
                    (C) in paragraph (4), by striking the period at the 
                end and inserting ``; and''; and
                    (D) by adding at the end the following new 
                paragraph:
            ``(5) adaptation and mitigation strategies to address 
        socioeconomic effects of ocean acidification and coastal 
        acidification.''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(d) Requirement.--Recipients of grants from the National Science 
Foundation under this subtitle that collect data described under 
section 12406(d) shall--
            ``(1) collect data in accordance with the standards, 
        protocols, or procedures established pursuant to section 
        12406(d); and
            ``(2) submit such data to the Director and the Secretary 
        after publication, in accordance with any rules promulgated by 
        the Director or the Secretary.''.

SEC. 10648. NASA OCEAN ACIDIFICATION ACTIVITIES.

    Section 12408 of the Federal Ocean Acidification Research and 
Monitoring Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3707) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``ocean acidification'' each place it 
        appears and inserting ``ocean acidification and coastal 
        acidification'';
            (2) in subsection (a), by striking ``its impacts'' and 
        inserting ``their respective impacts''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following new subsection:
    ``(d) Requirement.--Researchers from the National Aeronautics and 
Space Administration under this subtitle that collect data described 
under section 12406(d) shall--
            ``(1) collect such data in accordance with the standards, 
        protocols, or procedures established pursuant to section 
        12406(d); and
            ``(2) submit such data to the Administrator and the 
        Secretary, in accordance with any rules promulgated by the 
        Administrator or the Secretary.''.

SEC. 10649. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    Section 12409 of the Federal Ocean Acidification Research and 
Monitoring Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3708) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a), by striking ``subtitle--'' and all 
        that follows through paragraph (4) and inserting the following: 
        ``subtitle--
            ``(1) $20,500,000 for fiscal year 2023;
            ``(2) $22,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
            ``(3) $24,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
            ``(4) $26,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
            ``(5) $28,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.''; and
            (2) in subsection (b), by striking ``subtitle--'' and all 
        that follows through paragraph (4) and inserting the following: 
        ``subtitle, $20,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 2023 
        through 2027.''.

                 Subtitle F--Interagency Working Group

SEC. 10651. INTERAGENCY WORKING GROUP.

    (a) Establishment.--The Director of the Office of Science and 
Technology Policy, acting through the National Science and Technology 
Council, shall establish or designate an interagency working group to 
coordinate the activities specified in subsection (c).
    (b) Composition.--The interagency working group shall be composed 
of the following members (or their designees), who may be organized 
into subcommittees, as appropriate:
            (1) The Secretary of Commerce.
            (2) The Director of the National Science Foundation.
            (3) The Secretary of Energy.
            (4) The Secretary of Defense.
            (5) The Director of the National Economic Council.
            (6) The Director of the Office of Management and Budget.
            (7) The Secretary of Health and Human Services.
            (8) The Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space 
        Administration.
            (9) The Secretary of Agriculture.
            (10) The Director of National Intelligence.
            (11) The Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation.
            (12) Such other Federal officials as the Director of the 
        Office of Science and Technology Policy considers appropriate, 
        including members of the National Science and Technology 
        Council Committee on Technology.
    (c) Coordination.--The interagency working group shall seek to 
ensure that the activities of different Federal agencies enhance and 
complement, but, as appropriate, do not duplicate, efforts being 
carried out by another Federal agency, with a focus on the following:
            (1) The activities of the National Science Foundation 
        Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships Directorate in the key 
        technology focus areas, such as within the Regional Innovation 
        Engines under section 10388 and test beds under section 10390.
            (2) The activities of the Department of Commerce under this 
        division, including regional technology hubs under section 28 
        of the Stevenson-Wydler Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 13701 et seq.), 
        as added by section 10621, the Manufacturing USA Program 
        established under section 34(b)(1) of the National Institute of 
        Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278s(b)(1)), and the 
        Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership (15 U.S.C. 278k).
            (3) The activities of the Department of Energy in the key 
        technology focus areas, including at the national laboratories, 
        and at Federal laboratories, as defined in section 4 of the 
        Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 
        3703), and facilities and user facilities operated in 
        partnership with such national laboratories or the Department 
        of Energy.
            (4) Any other program that the Director of the Office of 
        Science and Technology Policy determines involves research and 
        development with respect to the key technology focus areas.
    (d) Report.--The interagency working group shall--
            (1) by not later than 180 days after the date of enactment 
        of this division--
                    (A) conduct an initial review of Federal programs 
                and resources with respect to the key technology focus 
                areas identified pursuant to section 10387(a)(2), in 
                order to--
                            (i) assess current level of efforts and 
                        characterize existing research infrastructure, 
                        as of the date of the review;
                            (ii) identify potential areas of overlap or 
                        duplication with respect to the key technology 
                        focus areas; and
                            (iii) identify potential cross-agency 
                        collaborations and joint funding opportunities; 
                        and
                    (B) submit a report regarding the review described 
                in subparagraph (A) to Congress; and
                    (C) seek stakeholder input and recommendations in 
                the course of such review; and
            (2) shall carry out the annual reviews and updates required 
        under section 10387(e).
    (e) Conflicts.--If any conflicts between Federal agencies arise 
while carrying out the activities under this section, the President 
shall make the final decision regarding resolution of the conflict.

           Subtitle G--Quantum Networking and Communications

SEC. 10661. QUANTUM NETWORKING AND COMMUNICATIONS.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Director.--The term ``Director'' means the Director of 
        the National Science Foundation.
            (2) Appropriate committees of congress.--The term 
        ``appropriate committees of Congress'' has the meaning given 
        such term in section 2 of the National Quantum Initiative Act 
        (15 U.S.C. 8801).
            (3) Q2work program.--The term ``Q2Work Program'' means the 
        Q2Work Program supported by the Foundation.
    (b) Quantum Networking Working Group Report on Quantum Networking 
and Communications.--
            (1) Report.--Section 103 of the National Quantum Initiative 
        Act (15 U.S.C. 8813) is amended by adding the following at the 
        end the following new subsection:
    ``(h) Report on Quantum Networking and Communications.--
            ``(1) In general.--Not later than January 1, 2026, the 
        Quantum Networking Working Group within the Subcommittee on 
        Quantum Information Science of the National Science and 
        Technology Council, in coordination with the Subcommittee on 
        the Economic and Security Implications of Quantum Information 
        Science, shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress 
        a report detailing a plan for the advancement of quantum 
        networking and communications technology in the United States, 
        building on the report entitled A Strategic Vision for 
        America's Quantum Networks and A Coordinated Approach for 
        Quantum Networking Research.
            ``(2) Requirements.--The report under paragraph (1) shall 
        include the following:
                    ``(A) An update to the report entitled Coordinated 
                Approach to Quantum Networking Research Report focusing 
                on a framework for interagency collaboration regarding 
                the advancement of quantum networking and 
                communications research.
                    ``(B) A plan for Federal Government partnership 
                with the private sector and interagency collaboration 
                regarding engagement in international standards for 
                quantum networking and communications technology, 
                including a list of Federal priorities for standards 
                relating to such networking and technology.
                    ``(C) A proposal for the protection of national 
                security interests relating to the advancement of 
                quantum networking and communications technology.
                    ``(D) An assessment of the relative position of the 
                United States with respect to other countries in the 
                global race to develop, demonstrate, and utilize 
                quantum networking and communications technology.
                    ``(E) Recommendations to Congress for legislative 
                action relating to the matters considered under 
                subparagraphs (A), (B), (C), and (D).
                    ``(F) Such other matters as the Quantum Network 
                Working Group considers necessary to advance the 
                security of communications and network infrastructure, 
                remain at the forefront of scientific discovery in the 
                quantum information science domain, and transition 
                quantum information science research into the emerging 
                quantum technology economy.''.
    (c) Quantum Networking and Communications Research and 
Standardization.--
            (1) Research.--Subsection (a) of section 201 of the 
        National Quantum Initiative Act (15 U.S.C. 8831) is amended 
        by--
                    (A) redesignating paragraphs (3) and (4) as 
                paragraphs (6) and (7), respectively; and
                    (B) inserting after paragraph (2) the following new 
                paragraphs:
            ``(3) shall carry out research to facilitate the 
        development and standardization of quantum cryptography and 
        post-quantum classical cryptography;
            ``(4) shall carry out research to facilitate the 
        development and standardization of quantum networking, 
        communications, and sensing technologies and applications;
            ``(5) for quantum technologies determined by the Director 
        of the National Institute of Standards and Technology to be at 
        a readiness level sufficient for standardization, shall provide 
        technical review and assistance to such other Federal agencies 
        as the Director considers appropriate for the development of 
        quantum networking infrastructure standards;''.
            (2) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized 
        to be appropriated to the Scientific and Technical Research and 
        Services account of the National Institute of Standards and 
        Technology to carry out paragraphs (3) through (5) of 
        subsection (a) of section 201 of the National Quantum 
        Initiative Act (as inserted pursuant to the amendments made by 
        paragraph (1) of this subsection) $15,000,000 for each of 
        fiscal years 2023 through 2027.
    (d) Quantum Information Science Workforce Evaluation and 
Acceleration.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
        the enactment of this Act, the Director shall enter into an 
        agreement with the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, 
        and Medicine to conduct a study to evaluate and make 
        recommendations for the quantum information science workforce. 
        The study shall--
                    (A) characterize the quantum information science 
                workforce, including by--
                            (i) describing what constitutes a quantum 
                        information science qualified worker across 
                        sectors, including academia, the Federal 
                        Government, and industry; and
                            (ii) describing the size and makeup of the 
                        quantum information science workforce, 
                        including an assessment of current and future 
                        trends;
                    (B) identify near- and long-term quantum 
                information science workforce needs across government, 
                academia, and industry sectors, including identifying 
                the cross-disciplinary academic degrees or academic 
                courses necessary to--
                            (i) prepare students for multiple career 
                        pathways in quantum information sciences and 
                        related fields;
                            (ii) ensure the United States is 
                        competitive in the field of quantum information 
                        science while preserving national security; and
                            (iii) support the development of quantum 
                        applications;
                    (C) assess the state of quantum information science 
                education and skills training at all education levels 
                and identify gaps in meeting current and future 
                workforce needs, including with respect to--
                            (i) elementary, middle, and high-school 
                        student access to foundational courses, age-
                        appropriate quantum concepts, and hands-on 
                        learning opportunities;
                            (ii) elementary, middle, and high-school 
                        teacher professional development and access to 
                        resources, materials, lesson plans, modules, 
                        and curricula;
                            (iii) career pivot and skills training 
                        opportunities, including professional 
                        certificates and internships; and
                            (iv) higher education curricula, laboratory 
                        experiences in academia, the Federal 
                        Government, and industry settings, and cross-
                        discipline degree programs aligned with 
                        workforce needs; and
                    (D) make recommendations for developing a diverse, 
                flexible, and sustainable quantum information science 
                workforce that meets the evolving needs of academia, 
                the Federal Government, and industry.
            (2) Report.--Not later than two years after the date of the 
        enactment of this Act, the National Academies of Science, 
        Engineering, and Medicine shall submit to Congress and the 
        Director a report containing the results of the study conducted 
        pursuant to paragraph (1).
    (e) Incorporating QISE Into STEM Curriculum.--
            (1) In general.--Section 301 of the National Quantum 
        Initiative Act (15 U.S.C. 8841) is amended by adding the 
        following at the end:
    ``(d) Incorporating QISE Into STEM Curriculum.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Director of the National Science 
        Foundation shall, through programs carried out or supported by 
        the National Science Foundation, seek to increase the 
        integration of quantum information science and engineering 
        (referred to in this subsection as `QISE') into the STEM 
        curriculum at all education levels, including community 
        colleges, as considered appropriate by the Director.
            ``(2) Curriculum integration.--The curriculum integration 
        under paragraph (1) may include the following:
                    ``(A) Methods to conceptualize QISE for elementary, 
                middle, and high school curricula.
                    ``(B) Methods for strengthening foundational 
                mathematics and science curricula.
                    ``(C) Methods for integrating students who are 
                underserved or historically underrepresented groups in 
                STEM.
                    ``(D) Age-appropriate materials that apply the 
                principles of quantum information science in STEM 
                fields.
                    ``(E) Recommendations for the standardization of 
                key concepts, definitions, and curriculum criteria 
                across government, academia, and industry.
                    ``(F) Materials that specifically address the 
                findings and outcomes of the study to evaluate and make 
                recommendations for the quantum information science 
                workforce pursuant to subsection (d) of section 10661 
                of the Research and Development, Competition, and 
                Innovation Act and strategies to account for the skills 
                and workforce needs identified through such study.
            ``(3) Coordination.--In carrying out this subsection, the 
        Director shall coordinate with relevant Federal agencies, and 
        consult with nongovernmental entities with expertise in QISE, 
        as appropriate, which may include institutions eligible to 
        participate in the Established Program to Stimulate Competitive 
        Research (EPSCoR).
            ``(4) Definition.--In this subsection, the term `STEM' 
        means the academic and professional disciplines of science, 
        technology, engineering, and mathematics, including computer 
        science.''.
    (f) Quantum Education Pilot Program.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than one year after the date of 
        the enactment of this Act, the Director, building on the 
        National Science Foundation's role in the National Q-12 
        Education Partnership and programs such as Q2Work Program, 
        shall make awards to institutions of higher education, non-
        profit organizations, or consortia thereof to carry out a pilot 
        program, to be known as the ``Next Generation Quantum Leaders 
        Pilot Program'' (in this subsection referred to as the 
        ``Program''), for the education and training of the next 
        generation of students and teachers in the fundamental 
        principles of quantum mechanics.
            (2) Requirements.--
                    (A) In general.--In carrying out the Program, the 
                Director shall--
                            (i) encourage awardees to coordinate with 
                        educational service agencies (as such term 
                        ``educational service agency'' is defined in 
                        section 602(5) of the Individuals with 
                        Disabilities Education Improvement Act of 2004 
                        (20 U.S.C. 1401(5))), associations that support 
                        STEM educators or local educational agencies, 
                        and partnerships through the Q-12 Education 
                        Partnership, to encourage elementary schools, 
                        middle schools, and secondary schools, and 
                        State educational agencies to participate in 
                        the Program;
                            (ii) require that awardees partner with 
                        elementary schools, middle schools, or 
                        secondary schools, or consortia thereof, and 
                        State educational agencies, to carry out 
                        activities under the Program;
                    (B) Use of funds.--In carrying out the Program, the 
                Director shall make competitive, merit-reviewed awards 
                to--
                            (i) support testing, evaluation, 
                        dissemination, and implementation of age-
                        appropriate quantum information sciences 
                        curricula and resources, including the 
                        integration of quantum information science and 
                        engineering into the STEM curriculum pursuant 
                        to subsection (d) of section 301 of the 
                        National Quantum Initiative Act (15 U.S.C. 
                        8841), as added by subsection (e);
                            (ii) support opportunities for informal 
                        education on quantum concepts, including 
                        informal hands-on learning opportunities;
                            (iii) support opportunities for students to 
                        further explore quantum information science 
                        education and related careers;
                            (iv) develop and implement training, 
                        research, and professional development programs 
                        for teachers, including innovative pre-service 
                        and in-service programs, in quantum information 
                        science and related fields; and
                            (v) carry out such other activities as the 
                        Director determines appropriate.
                    (C) Distribution.--In carrying out the Program and 
                to the extent practicable, the Director shall ensure 
                there is a wide, equitable distribution of Program 
                participants across diverse geographic areas and that 
                the Program includes a diverse representation of 
                students, including students from groups historically 
                underrepresented in STEM.
            (3) Consultation.--The Director shall carry out the Program 
        in consultation with the QIS Workforce Working Group of the 
        Subcommittee on Quantum Information Science of the National 
        Science and Technology Council and the Advancing Informal STEM 
        Learning Program.
            (4) Reporting.--Not later than four years after the date of 
        the enactment of this section, the Director shall submit to 
        Congress a report that includes the following:
                    (A) An assessment, that includes feedback from a 
                wide range of stakeholders in academia, K-12 education, 
                and the private sector, of the effectiveness of the 
                Program in scaling up implementation of effective 
                quantum education and training innovations.
                    (B) If determined to be effective, a plan for 
                integrating the Program into existing programs, 
                including the feasibility and advisability of expanding 
                the scope of the Program to include additional 
                technology areas, grade levels, and educational 
                institutions beyond those originally selected to 
                participate in the Program.
            (5) Authorization of appropriations.--There are authorized 
        to be appropriated to the Director $8,000,000 for each of 
        fiscal years 2023 through 2026 to carry out this section.
            (6) Termination.--This subsection shall terminate on the 
        date that is four years after the date of the enactment of this 
        Act.

                   Subtitle H--Blockchain Specialist

SEC. 10671. ESTABLISHMENT OF BLOCKCHAIN AND CRYPTOCURRENCY SPECIALIST 
              POSITION WITHIN OSTP.

    The Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy shall 
establish or designate a blockchain and cryptocurrencies advisory 
specialist position within the Office to coordinate Federal activities 
and advise the President on matters of research and development 
relating to blockchain, cryptocurrencies, and distributed ledger 
technologies.

      Subtitle I--Partnerships for Energy Security and Innovation

SEC. 10691. FOUNDATION FOR ENERGY SECURITY AND INNOVATION.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Board.--The term ``Board'' means the Board of Directors 
        described in subsection (b)(2)(A).
            (2) Department.--The term ``Department'' means the 
        Department of Energy.
            (3) Executive director.--The term ``Executive Director'' 
        means the Executive Director described in subsection (b)(5)(A).
            (4) Foundation.--The term ``Foundation'' means the 
        Foundation for Energy Security and Innovation established under 
        subsection (b)(1).
            (5) Historically black college or university.--The term 
        ``historically Black college or university'' has the meaning 
        given the term ``part B institution'' in section 322 of the 
        Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1061).
            (6) Individual laboratory-associated foundation.--The term 
        ``Individual Laboratory-Associated Foundation'' means a 
        Laboratory Foundation established by an operating contractor of 
        a National Laboratory.
            (7) Minority-serving institution.--The term ``minority 
        serving institution'' means a Hispanic-serving institution as 
        defined in section 502 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
        U.S.C. 1101a), an Alaska Native-serving institution and a 
        Native Hawaiian-serving institution as defined in section in 
        317 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1059d), or a 
        Predominantly Black Institution, Asian American and Native 
        American Pacific Islander-serving institution, or a Native 
        American-serving nontribal institution as defined in section 
        371 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1067q).
            (8) National laboratory.--The term ``National Laboratory'' 
        has the meaning given the term in section 2 of the Energy 
        Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 15801).
            (9) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary 
        of Energy.
            (10) Tribal college or university.--The term ``Tribal 
        College or University'' has the meaning given in section 316 of 
        the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1059c).
    (b) Foundation for Energy Security and Innovation.--
            (1) Establishment.--
                    (A) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the 
                date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall 
                establish a nonprofit corporation to be known as the 
                ``Foundation for Energy Security and Innovation''.
                    (B) Mission.--The mission of the Foundation shall 
                be--
                            (i) to support the mission of the 
                        Department; and
                            (ii) to advance collaboration with energy 
                        researchers, institutions of higher education, 
                        industry, and nonprofit and philanthropic 
                        organizations to accelerate the 
                        commercialization of energy technologies.
                    (C) Limitation.--The Foundation shall not be an 
                agency or instrumentality of the Federal Government.
                    (D) Tax-exempt status.--The Board shall take all 
                necessary and appropriate steps to ensure that the 
                Foundation is an organization that is described in 
                section 501(c) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 and 
                exempt from taxation under section 501(a) of that Code.
                    (E) Collaboration with existing organizations.--The 
                Secretary may collaborate with 1 or more organizations 
                to establish the Foundation and carry out the 
                activities of the Foundation.
            (2) Board of directors.--
                    (A) Establishment.--The Foundation shall be 
                governed by a Board of Directors.
                    (B) Composition.--
                            (i) In general.--The Board shall be 
                        composed of the ex officio nonvoting members 
                        described in clause (ii) and the appointed 
                        voting members described in clause (iii).
                            (ii) Ex officio members.--The ex officio 
                        members of the Board shall be the following 
                        individuals or designees of those individuals:
                                    (I) The Secretary.
                                    (II) The Under Secretary for 
                                Science.
                                    (III) The Under Secretary for 
                                Nuclear Security.
                                    (IV) The Chief Commercialization 
                                Officer.
                            (iii) Appointed members.--
                                    (I) Initial members.--The Secretary 
                                and the other ex officio members of the 
                                Board shall--
                                            (aa) seek to enter into an 
                                        agreement with the National 
                                        Academies of Sciences, 
                                        Engineering, and Medicine to 
                                        develop a list of individuals 
                                        to serve as members of the 
                                        Board who are well-qualified 
                                        and will meet the requirements 
                                        of subclauses (II) and (III); 
                                        and
                                            (bb) appoint the initial 
                                        members of the Board from that 
                                        list, if applicable, in 
                                        consultation with the National 
                                        Academies of Sciences, 
                                        Engineering, and Medicine.
                                    (II) Representation.--The appointed 
                                members of the Board shall reflect a 
                                broad cross-section of stakeholders 
                                from academia, National Laboratories, 
                                industry, nonprofit organizations, 
                                State or local governments, the 
                                investment community, and the 
                                philanthropic community.
                                    (III) Experience.--The Secretary 
                                shall ensure that a majority of the 
                                appointed members of the Board--
                                            (aa)(AA) has experience in 
                                        the energy sector;
                                            (BB) has research 
                                        experience in the energy field; 
                                        or
                                            (CC) has experience in 
                                        technology commercialization or 
                                        foundation operations; and
                                            (bb) to the extent 
                                        practicable, represents diverse 
                                        regions, sectors, and 
                                        communities.
                    (C) Chair and vice chair.--
                            (i) In general.--The Board shall designate 
                        from among the members of the Board--
                                    (I) an individual to serve as Chair 
                                of the Board; and
                                    (II) an individual to serve as Vice 
                                Chair of the Board.
                            (ii) Terms.--The term of service of the 
                        Chair and Vice Chair of the Board shall end on 
                        the earlier of--
                                    (I) the date that is 3 years after 
                                the date on which the Chair or Vice 
                                Chair of the Board, as applicable, is 
                                designated for the position; and
                                    (II) the last day of the term of 
                                service of the member, as determined 
                                under subparagraph (D)(i), who is 
                                designated to be Chair or Vice Chair of 
                                the Board, as applicable.
                            (iii) Representation.--The Chair and Vice 
                        Chair of the Board--
                                    (I) shall not be representatives of 
                                the same area of subject matter 
                                expertise, or entity, as applicable, 
                                under subparagraph (B)(iii)(II); and
                                    (II) shall not be representatives 
                                of any area of subject matter 
                                expertise, or entity, as applicable, 
                                represented by the immediately 
                                preceding Chair and Vice Chair of the 
                                Board.
                    (D) Terms and vacancies.--
                            (i) Terms.--
                                    (I) In general.--The term of 
                                service of each appointed member of the 
                                Board shall be not more than 5 years.
                                    (II) Initial appointed members.--Of 
                                the initial members of the Board 
                                appointed under subparagraph 
                                (B)(iii)(I), half of the members shall 
                                serve for 4 years and half of the 
                                members shall serve for 5 years, as 
                                determined by the Chair of the Board.
                            (ii) Vacancies.--Any vacancy in the 
                        membership of the appointed members of the 
                        Board--
                                    (I) shall be filled in accordance 
                                with the bylaws of the Foundation by an 
                                individual capable of representing the 
                                same area or entity, as applicable, as 
                                represented by the vacating board 
                                member under subparagraph (B)(iii)(II);
                                    (II) shall not affect the power of 
                                the remaining appointed members to 
                                execute the duties of the Board; and
                                    (III) shall be filled by an 
                                individual selected by the Board.
                    (E) Meetings; quorum.--
                            (i) Initial meeting.--Not later than 60 
                        days after the Board is established, the 
                        Secretary shall convene a meeting of the ex 
                        officio and appointed members of the Board to 
                        incorporate the Foundation.
                            (ii) Quorum.--A majority of the appointed 
                        members of the Board shall constitute a quorum 
                        for purposes of conducting the business of the 
                        Board.
                    (F) Duties.--The Board shall--
                            (i) establish bylaws for the Foundation in 
                        accordance with subparagraph (G);
                            (ii) provide overall direction for the 
                        activities of the Foundation and establish 
                        priority activities;
                            (iii) carry out any other necessary 
                        activities of the Foundation;
                            (iv) evaluate the performance of the 
                        Executive Director; and
                            (v) actively solicit and accept funds, 
                        gifts, grants, devises, or bequests of real or 
                        personal property to the Foundation, including 
                        from private entities.
                    (G) Bylaws.--
                            (i) In general.--The bylaws established 
                        under subparagraph (F)(i) may include--
                                    (I) policies for the selection of 
                                Board members, officers, employees, 
                                agents, and contractors of the 
                                Foundation;
                                    (II) policies, including ethical 
                                standards, for--
                                            (aa) the acceptance, 
                                        solicitation, and disposition 
                                        of donations and grants to the 
                                        Foundation, including 
                                        appropriate limits on the 
                                        ability of donors to designate, 
                                        by stipulation or restriction, 
                                        the use or recipient of donated 
                                        funds; and
                                            (bb) the disposition of 
                                        assets of the Foundation;
                                    (III) policies that subject all 
                                employees, fellows, trainees, and other 
                                agents of the Foundation (including ex 
                                officio and appointed members of the 
                                Board) to conflict of interest 
                                standards; and
                                    (IV) the specific duties of the 
                                Executive Director.
                            (ii) Requirements.--The Board shall ensure 
                        that the bylaws of the Foundation and the 
                        activities carried out under those bylaws shall 
                        not--
                                    (I) reflect unfavorably on the 
                                ability of the Foundation to carry out 
                                activities in a fair and objective 
                                manner; or
                                    (II) compromise, or appear to 
                                compromise, the integrity of any 
                                governmental agency or program, or any 
                                officer or employee employed by, or 
                                involved in, a governmental agency or 
                                program.
                    (H) Compensation.--
                            (i) In general.--No member of the Board 
                        shall receive compensation for serving on the 
                        Board.
                            (ii) Certain expenses.--In accordance with 
                        the bylaws of the Foundation, members of the 
                        Board may be reimbursed for travel expenses, 
                        including per diem in lieu of subsistence, and 
                        other necessary expenses incurred in carrying 
                        out the duties of the Board.
                    (I) Restriction on membership.--No employee of the 
                Department shall be appointed as a member of the Board 
                of Directors.
            (3) Purposes.--The purposes of the Foundation are--
                    (A) to support the Department in carrying out the 
                mission of the Department to ensure the security and 
                prosperity of the United States by addressing energy 
                and environmental challenges through transformative 
                science and technology solutions; and
                    (B) to increase private and philanthropic sector 
                investments that support efforts to create, 
                characterize, develop, test, validate, and deploy or 
                commercialize innovative technologies that address 
                crosscutting national energy challenges, including 
                those affecting minority, rural, and other underserved 
                communities, by methods that include--
                            (i) fostering collaboration and 
                        partnerships with researchers from the Federal 
                        Government, State governments, institutions of 
                        higher education, including historically Black 
                        colleges or universities, Tribal Colleges or 
                        Universities, and minority-serving 
                        institutions, federally funded research and 
                        development centers, industry, and nonprofit 
                        organizations for the research, development, or 
                        commercialization of transformative energy and 
                        associated technologies;
                            (ii) strengthening and sharing best 
                        practices relating to regional economic 
                        development through scientific and energy 
                        innovation, including in partnership with an 
                        Individual Laboratory-Associated Foundation;
                            (iii) promoting new product development 
                        that supports job creation;
                            (iv) administering prize competitions--
                                    (I) to accelerate private sector 
                                competition and investment; and
                                    (II) that complement the use of 
                                prize authority by the Department;
                            (v) supporting programs that advance 
                        technology maturation, especially where there 
                        may be gaps in Federal or private funding in 
                        advancing a technology to deployment or 
                        commercialization from the prototype stage to a 
                        commercial stage;
                            (vi) supporting efforts to broaden 
                        participation in energy technology development 
                        among individuals from historically 
                        underrepresented groups or regions; and
                            (vii) facilitating access to Department 
                        facilities, equipment, and expertise to assist 
                        in tackling national challenges.
            (4) Activities.--
                    (A) Studies, competitions, and projects.--The 
                Foundation may conduct and support studies, 
                competitions, projects, and other activities that 
                further the purposes of the Foundation described in 
                paragraph (3).
                    (B) Fellowships and grants.--
                            (i) In general.--The Foundation may award 
                        fellowships and grants for activities relating 
                        to research, development, demonstration, 
                        maturation, or commercialization of energy and 
                        other Department-supported technologies.
                            (ii) Form of award.--A fellowship or grant 
                        under clause (i) may consist of a stipend, 
                        health insurance benefits, funds for travel, 
                        and funds for other appropriate expenses.
                            (iii) Selection.--In selecting a recipient 
                        for a fellowship or grant under clause (i), the 
                        Foundation--
                                    (I) shall make the selection based 
                                on the technical and commercialization 
                                merits of the proposed project of the 
                                potential recipient; and
                                    (II) may consult with a potential 
                                recipient regarding the ability of the 
                                potential recipient to carry out 
                                various projects that would further the 
                                purposes of the Foundation described in 
                                paragraph (3).
                            (iv) National laboratories.--A National 
                        Laboratory that applies for or accepts an award 
                        under clause (i) shall not be considered to be 
                        engaging in a competitive process.
                    (C) Accessing facilities and expertise.--The 
                Foundation may work with the Department--
                            (i) to leverage the capabilities and 
                        facilities of National Laboratories to 
                        commercialize technology; and
                            (ii) to assist with resources, including by 
                        providing information on the assets of each 
                        National Laboratory that may enable the 
                        deployment and commercialization of technology.
                    (D) Training and education.--The Foundation may 
                support programs that provide training to researchers, 
                scientists, other relevant personnel at National 
                Laboratories and institutions of higher education, and 
                previous or current recipients of or applicants for 
                Department funding to help research, develop, 
                demonstrate, deploy, and commercialize federally funded 
                technology.
                    (E) Maturation funding.--The Foundation shall 
                support programs that provide maturation funding to 
                researchers to advance the technology of those 
                researchers for the purpose of moving products from a 
                prototype stage to a commercial stage.
                    (F) Stakeholder engagement.--The Foundation shall 
                convene, and may consult with, representatives from the 
                Department, institutions of higher education, National 
                Laboratories, the private sector, and commercialization 
                organizations to develop programs for the purposes of 
                the Foundation described in paragraph (3) and to 
                advance the activities of the Foundation.
                    (G) Individual and federal laboratory-associated 
                foundations.--
                            (i) Definition of covered foundation.--In 
                        this subparagraph, the term ``covered 
                        foundation'' means each of the following:
                                    (I) An Individual Laboratory- 
                                Associated Foundation.
                                    (II) A Federal Laboratory- 
                                Associated Foundation established 
                                pursuant to subsection (c)(1).
                            (ii) Support.--The Foundation shall provide 
                        support to and collaborate with covered 
                        foundations.
                            (iii) Guidelines and templates.--For the 
                        purpose of providing support under clause (ii), 
                        the Secretary shall establish suggested 
                        guidelines and templates for covered 
                        foundations, including--
                                    (I) a standard adaptable 
                                organizational design for responsible 
                                management;
                                    (II) standard and legally tenable 
                                bylaws and money-handling procedures; 
                                and
                                    (III) a standard training 
                                curriculum to orient and expand the 
                                operating expertise of personnel 
                                employed by covered foundations.
                            (iv) Affiliations.--Nothing in this 
                        subparagraph requires--
                                    (I) an existing Individual 
                                Laboratory-Associated Foundation to 
                                modify current practices or affiliate 
                                with the Foundation; or
                                    (II) a covered foundation to be 
                                bound by charter or corporate bylaws as 
                                permanently affiliated with the 
                                Foundation.
                    (H) Supplemental programs.--The Foundation may 
                carry out supplemental programs--
                            (i) to conduct and support forums, 
                        meetings, conferences, courses, and training 
                        workshops consistent with the purposes of the 
                        Foundation described in paragraph (3);
                            (ii) to support and encourage the 
                        understanding and development of data that 
                        promotes the translation of technologies from 
                        the research stage, through the development and 
                        maturation stage, and ending in the market 
                        stage;
                            (iii) for writing, editing, printing, 
                        publishing, and vending books and other 
                        materials relating to research carried out 
                        under the Foundation and the Department; and
                            (iv) to conduct other activities to carry 
                        out and support the purposes of the Foundation 
                        described in paragraph (3).
                    (I) Evaluations.--The Foundation shall support the 
                development of an evaluation methodology, to be used as 
                part of any program supported by the Foundation, that 
                shall--
                            (i) consist of qualitative and quantitative 
                        metrics; and
                            (ii) include periodic third party 
                        evaluation of those programs and other 
                        activities of the Foundation.
                    (J) Communications.--The Foundation shall develop 
                an expertise in communications to promote the work of 
                grant and fellowship recipients under subparagraph (B), 
                the commercialization successes of the Foundation, 
                opportunities for partnership with the Foundation, and 
                other activities.
                    (K) Solicitation and use of funds.--The Foundation 
                may solicit and accept gifts, grants, and other 
                donations, establish accounts, and invest and expend 
                funds in support of the activities and programs of the 
                Foundation.
                    (L) Authority of the foundation.--The Foundation 
                shall be the sole entity responsible for carrying out 
                the activities described in this paragraph.
            (5) Administration.--
                    (A) Executive director.--The Board shall hire an 
                Executive Director of the Foundation, who shall serve 
                at the pleasure of the Board. Subject to the compliance 
                with the policies and bylaws established pursuant to 
                paragraph (2)(G), the Executive Director shall be 
                responsible for the daily operations of the Foundation 
                in carrying the activities described in paragraph (4).
                    (B) Compensation.--The rate of compensation of the 
                Executive Director shall be fixed by the Board.
                    (C) Administrative control.--No member of the 
                Board, officer or employee of the Foundation or of any 
                program established by the Foundation, or participant 
                in a program established by the Foundation, shall 
                exercise administrative control over any Federal 
                employee.
                    (D) Strategic plan.--Not later than 1 year after 
                the date of enactment of this Act, the Foundation shall 
                submit to the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources 
                of the Senate and the Committee on Science, Space, and 
                Technology of the House of Representatives a strategic 
                plan that contains--
                            (i) a plan for the Foundation to become 
                        financially self-sustaining in fiscal year 2023 
                        and thereafter (except for the amounts provided 
                        each fiscal year under paragraph (11)(A)(iii));
                            (ii) a forecast of major crosscutting 
                        energy challenge opportunities, including 
                        short- and long-term objectives, identified by 
                        the Board, with input from communities 
                        representing the entities and areas of subject 
                        matter expertise, as applicable, described in 
                        paragraph (2)(B)(iii)(II);
                            (iii) a description of the efforts that the 
                        Foundation will take to be transparent in the 
                        processes of the Foundation, including 
                        processes relating to--
                                    (I) grant awards, including 
                                selection, review, and notification;
                                    (II) communication of past, 
                                current, and future research 
                                priorities; and
                                    (III) solicitation of and response 
                                to public input on the opportunities 
                                identified under clause (ii);
                            (iv) a description of the financial goals 
                        and benchmarks of the Foundation for the 
                        following 10 years;
                            (v) a description of the efforts undertaken 
                        by the Foundation to engage historically 
                        underrepresented groups or regions, including 
                        through collaborations with historically Black 
                        colleges and universities, Tribal Colleges or 
                        Universities, minority-serving institutions, 
                        and minority-owned and women-owned business, 
                        and;
                            (vi) a description of the efforts 
                        undertaken by the Foundation to ensure maximum 
                        complementarity and minimum redundancy with 
                        investments made by the Department.
                    (E) Annual report.--Not later than 1 year after the 
                date on which the Foundation is established, and every 
                years thereafter, the Foundation shall submit to the 
                Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the 
                Senate, the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology 
                of the House of Representatives, and the Secretary a 
                report that, for the year covered by the report--
                            (i) describes the activities of the 
                        Foundation and the progress of the Foundation 
                        in furthering the purposes of the Foundation 
                        described in paragraph (3);
                            (ii) provides a specific accounting of the 
                        source and use of all funds made available to 
                        the Foundation to carry out those activities to 
                        ensure transparency in the alignment of 
                        Department missions and policies with national 
                        security;
                            (iii) describes how the results of the 
                        activities of the Foundation could be 
                        incorporated into the procurement processes of 
                        the General Services Administration; and
                            (iv) includes a summary of each evaluation 
                        conducted using the evaluation methodology 
                        described in paragraph (4)(I).
                    (F) Evaluation by comptroller general.--Not later 
                than 5 years after the date on which the Foundation is 
                established, the Comptroller General of the United 
                States shall submit to the Committee on Energy and 
                Natural Resources of the Senate and the Committee on 
                Science, Space, and Technology of the House of 
                Representatives--
                            (i) an evaluation of--
                                    (I) the extent to which the 
                                Foundation is achieving the mission of 
                                the Foundation; and
                                    (II) the operation of the 
                                Foundation; and
                            (ii) any recommendations on how the 
                        Foundation may be improved.
                    (G) Audits.--The Foundation shall--
                            (i) provide for annual audits of the 
                        financial condition of the Foundation; and
                            (ii) make the audits, and all other 
                        records, documents, and papers of the 
                        Foundation, available to the Secretary and the 
                        Comptroller General of the United States for 
                        examination or audit.
                    (H) Separate fund accounts.--The Board shall ensure 
                that any funds received under paragraph (11)(A) are 
                held in a separate account from any other funds 
                received by the Foundation.
                    (I) Integrity.--
                            (i) In general.--To ensure integrity in the 
                        operations of the Foundation, the Board shall 
                        develop and enforce procedures relating to 
                        standards of conduct, financial disclosure 
                        statements, conflicts of interest (including 
                        recusal and waiver rules), audits, and any 
                        other matters determined appropriate by the 
                        Board.
                            (ii) Financial conflicts of interest.--To 
                        mitigate conflicts of interest and risks from 
                        malign foreign influence, any individual who is 
                        an officer, employee, or member of the Board is 
                        prohibited from any participation in 
                        deliberations by the Foundation of a matter 
                        that would directly or predictably affect any 
                        financial interest of--
                                    (I) the individual;
                                    (II) a relative (as defined in 
                                section 109 of the Ethics in Government 
                                Act of 1978 (5 U.S.C. App.)) of that 
                                individual; or
                                    (III) a business organization or 
                                other entity in which the individual 
                                has an interest, including an 
                                organization or other entity with which 
                                the individual is negotiating 
                                employment.
                    (J) Intellectual property.--The Board shall adopt 
                written standards to govern the ownership and licensing 
                of any intellectual property rights developed by the 
                Foundation or derived from the collaborative efforts of 
                the Foundation.
                    (K) Liability.--
                            (i) In general.--The United States shall 
                        not be liable for any debts, defaults, acts, or 
                        omissions of--
                                    (I) the Foundation;
                                    (II) a Federal entity with respect 
                                to an agreement of that Federal entity 
                                with the Foundation; or
                                    (III) an Individual Laboratory- 
                                Associated Foundation with respect to 
                                an agreement of that Federal entity 
                                with the Foundation.
                            (ii) Full faith and credit.--The full faith 
                        and credit of the United States shall not 
                        extend to any obligations of the Foundation.
                    (L) Nonapplicability of faca.--The Federal Advisory 
                Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.) shall not apply to the 
                Foundation or an Individual Laboratory-Associated 
                Foundation.
            (6) Department collaboration.--
                    (A) National laboratories.--The Secretary shall 
                collaborate with the Foundation to develop a process to 
                ensure collaboration and coordination between the 
                Department, the Foundation, and National Laboratories--
                            (i) to streamline contracting processes 
                        between National Laboratories and the 
                        Foundation, including by--
                                    (I) streamlining the ability of the 
                                Foundation to transfer equipment and 
                                funds to National Laboratories;
                                    (II) standardizing contract 
                                mechanisms to be used by the Foundation 
                                in engaging with National Laboratories; 
                                and
                                    (III) streamlining the ability of 
                                the Foundation to fund endowed 
                                positions at National Laboratories;
                            (ii) to allow a National Laboratory or site 
                        of a National Laboratory--
                                    (I) to accept and perform work for 
                                the Foundation, consistent with 
                                provided resources, notwithstanding any 
                                other provision of law governing the 
                                administration, mission, use, or 
                                operations of the National Laboratory 
                                or site, as applicable; and
                                    (II) to perform that work on a 
                                basis equal to other missions at the 
                                National Laboratory; and
                            (iii) to permit the director of any 
                        National Laboratory or site of a National 
                        Laboratory to enter into a cooperative research 
                        and development agreement or negotiate a 
                        licensing agreement with the Foundation 
                        pursuant to section 12 of the Stevenson-Wydler 
                        Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 
                        3710a).
                    (B) Department liaisons.--The Secretary shall 
                appoint liaisons from across the Department to 
                collaborate and coordinate with the Foundation, 
                including not less than 1 liaison from the Office of 
                Technology Transitions, who shall ensure that the 
                Foundation works in conjunction with and does not 
                duplicate existing activities and programs carried out 
                by the Department, including the Technology 
                Commercialization Fund of the Department.
                    (C) Administration.--The Secretary shall leverage 
                appropriate arrangements, contracts, and directives to 
                carry out the process developed under subparagraph (A).
            (7) National security.--Nothing in this subsection exempts 
        the Foundation from any national security policy of the 
        Department.
            (8) Support services.--The Secretary may provide 
        facilities, utilities, and support services to the Foundation 
        if it is determined by the Secretary to be advantageous to the 
        research programs of the Department.
            (9) Preemption of authority.--This subsection shall not 
        preempt any authority or responsibility of the Secretary under 
        any other provision of law.
            (10) Transfer funds.--The Foundation may transfer funds to 
        the Department, which shall be subject to all applicable 
        Federal limitations relating to federally funded research.
            (11) Authorization of appropriations.--
                    (A) In general.--There is authorized to be 
                appropriated--
                            (i) not less than $1,500,000 shall be for 
                        the Secretary for fiscal year 2023 to establish 
                        the Foundation;
                            (ii) not less than $30,000,000 shall be for 
                        the Foundation for fiscal year 2024 to carry 
                        out the activities of the Foundation; and
                            (iii) not less than $3,000,000 shall be for 
                        the Foundation for each of the fiscal years 
                        2025 through 2027 for administrative and 
                        operational costs.
                    (B) Limitation.--None of the funds authorized to be 
                appropriated to the Secretary by subparagraph (A)(i) of 
                this paragraph shall be used for construction.
                    (C) Cost share.--Funds made available under 
                subparagraph (A)(ii) shall be required to be cost- 
                shared by a partner of the Foundation other than the 
                Department or a National Laboratory.
    (c) National Energy Technology Laboratory-associated Foundation.--
            (1) Establishment.--
                    (A) In general.--The National Energy Technology 
                Laboratory may establish, or enter into an agreement 
                with a nonprofit organization to establish, a Federal 
                Laboratory-Associated Foundation (referred to in this 
                subsection as a ``Laboratory Foundation'') to support 
                the mission of the National Energy Technology 
                Laboratory.
                    (B) Not agency or instrumentality.--A Laboratory 
                Foundation shall not be an agency or instrumentality of 
                the Federal Government.
                    (C) Governance structure.--A Laboratory Foundation 
                established under subparagraph (A) shall have a 
                separate governance structure from, and shall be 
                managed independently of, the National Energy 
                Technology Laboratory.
            (2) Activities.--Activities of a Laboratory Foundation may 
        include--
                    (A) conducting support studies, competitions, 
                projects, research, and other activities that further 
                the purpose of the Laboratory Foundation;
                    (B) carrying out programs to foster collaboration 
                and partnership among researchers from the Federal 
                Government, State governments, institutions of higher 
                education, federally funded research and development 
                centers, and industry and nonprofit organizations 
                relating to the research, development, and 
                commercialization of federally supported technologies;
                    (C) carrying out programs to leverage technologies 
                to support new product development that supports 
                regional economic development;
                    (D) administering prize competitions--
                            (i) to accelerate private sector 
                        competition and investment; and
                            (ii) that complement the use of prize 
                        authority by the Department;
                    (E) providing fellowships and grants to research 
                and development personnel at, or affiliated with, 
                federally funded centers, in accordance with paragraph 
                (3);
                    (F) carrying out programs--
                            (i) that allow scientists from foreign 
                        countries to serve in research capacities in 
                        the United States or other countries in 
                        association with the National Energy Technology 
                        Laboratory;
                            (ii) that provide opportunities for 
                        employees of the National Energy Technology 
                        Laboratory to serve in research capacities in 
                        foreign countries;
                            (iii) to conduct studies, projects, or 
                        research in collaboration with national and 
                        international nonprofit and for-profit 
                        organizations, which may include the provision 
                        of stipends, travel, and other support for 
                        personnel;
                            (iv)(I) to hold forums, meetings, 
                        conferences, courses, and training workshops 
                        that may include undergraduate, graduate, post- 
                        graduate, and post-doctoral accredited courses; 
                        and
                            (II) for the accreditation of those courses 
                        by the Laboratory Foundation at the State and 
                        national level for college degrees or 
                        continuing education credits;
                            (v) to support and encourage teachers and 
                        students of science at all levels of education;
                            (vi) to promote an understanding of science 
                        amongst the general public;
                            (vii) for writing, editing, printing, 
                        publishing, and vending of relevant books and 
                        other materials; and
                            (viii) for the conduct of other activities 
                        to carry out and support the purpose of the 
                        Laboratory Foundation; and
                    (G) receiving, administering, soliciting, 
                accepting, and using funds, gifts, devises, or 
                bequests, either absolutely or in trust of real or 
                personal property or any income therefrom, or other 
                interest or equity therein for the benefit of, or in 
                connection with, the mission of the applicable Federal 
                laboratory, in accordance with paragraph (4).
            (3) Fellowships and grants.--
                    (A) Selection.--Recipients of fellowships and 
                grants described in paragraph (2)(E) shall be 
                selected--
                            (i) by a Laboratory Foundation and the 
                        donors to a Laboratory Foundation;
                            (ii) subject to the agreement of the head 
                        of the agency the mission of which is supported 
                        by a Laboratory Foundation; and
                            (iii) in the case of a fellowship, based on 
                        the recommendation of the employees of the 
                        National Energy Technology Laboratory at which 
                        the fellow would serve.
                    (B) Expenses.--Fellowships and grants described in 
                paragraph (2)(E) may include stipends, travel, health 
                insurance, benefits, and other appropriate expenses.
            (4) Gifts.--An amount of funds, a gift, a devise, or a 
        bequest described in paragraph (2)(G) may be accepted by a 
        Laboratory Foundation regardless of whether it is encumbered, 
        restricted, or subject to a beneficial interest of a private 
        person if any current or future interest of the funds, gift, 
        devise, or bequest is for the benefit of the research and 
        development activities of the National Energy Technology 
        Laboratory.
            (5) Ownership by federal government.--A contribution, gift, 
        or any other transfer made to or for the use of a Laboratory 
        Foundation shall be regarded as a contribution, gift, or 
        transfer to or for the use of the Federal Government.
            (6) Liability.--The United States shall not be liable for 
        any debts, defaults, acts, or omissions of a Laboratory 
        Foundation.
            (7) Transfer of funds.--Notwithstanding any other provision 
        of law, a Laboratory Foundation may transfer funds to the 
        National Energy Technology Laboratory and the National Energy 
        Technology Laboratory may accept that transfer of funds.
            (8) Other laws.--This subsection shall not alter or 
        supersede any other provision of law governing the authority, 
        scope, establishment, or use of nonprofit organizations by a 
        Federal agency.

               Subtitle J--Energizing Technology Transfer

SEC. 10701. DEFINITIONS.

    In this subtitle:
            (1) Clean energy technology.--The term ``clean energy 
        technology'' means a technology that significantly reduces 
        energy use, increases energy efficiency, reduces greenhouse gas 
        emissions, reduces emissions of other pollutants, or mitigates 
        other negative environmental consequences of energy production, 
        transmission or use.
            (2) Department.--The term ``Department'' means the 
        Department of Energy.
            (3) Director.--The term ``Director'' means the Director of 
        each National Laboratory and the Director of each Department of 
        Energy single-purpose research facility.
            (4) Economically distressed area.--The term ``economically 
        distressed area'' has the meaning described in section 301(a) 
        of the Public Works and Economic Development Act of 1965 (42 
        U.S.C. 3161(a)).
            (5) Grant.--The term ``grant'' means a grant award, 
        cooperative agreement award, or any other financial assistance 
        arrangement that the Secretary of Energy determines to be 
        appropriate.
            (6) Institution of higher education.--The term 
        ``institution of higher education'' has the meaning given such 
        term in section 101 of the Higher Education Act of 1965, as 
        amended (20 U.S.C. 1001).
            (7) National laboratory.--The term ``National Laboratory'' 
        has the meaning given that term in section 2 of the Energy 
        Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 15801).
            (8) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary 
        of Energy.

       PART 1--NATIONAL CLEAN ENERGY TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER PROGRAMS

SEC. 10713. NATIONAL CLEAN ENERGY INCUBATOR PROGRAM.

    (a) Clean Energy Incubator Defined.--In this section, the term 
``clean energy incubator''--
            (1) means any entity that is designed to accelerate the 
        commercial application of clean energy technologies by 
        providing--
                    (A) physical workspace, labs, and prototyping 
                facilities to support clean energy startups or 
                established clean energy companies; or
                    (B) companies developing such technologies with 
                support, resources, and services, including--
                            (i) access to business education and 
                        counseling;
                            (ii) mentorship opportunities; and
                            (iii) other services rendered for the 
                        purpose of aiding the development and 
                        commercial application of a clean energy 
                        technology; and
            (2) may include a program within or established by a 
        National Laboratory, an institution of higher education or a 
        State, territorial, local, or tribal government.
    (b) Program Establishment.--Not later than 180 days after the 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary, acting through the Chief 
Commercialization Officer established in section 1001(a) of the Energy 
Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16391(a)), shall establish a Clean Energy 
Incubator Program (herein referred to as the ``program'') to 
competitively award grants to clean energy incubators.
    (c) Clean Energy Incubator Selection.--In awarding grants to clean 
energy incubators under subsection (b), the Secretary shall, to the 
maximum extent practicable, prioritize funding clean energy incubators 
that--
            (1) partner with entities that carry out activities 
        relevant to the activities of such incubator and that operate 
        at the local, State, and regional levels;
            (2) support the commercial application activities of 
        startup companies focused on physical hardware, computational, 
        or integrated hardware and software technologies;
            (3) are located in geographically diverse regions of the 
        United States, such as the Great Lakes region;
            (4) are located in, or partner with entities located in, 
        economically-distressed areas;
            (5) support the development of entities focused on 
        expanding clean energy tools and technologies to rural, Tribal, 
        and low-income communities;
            (6) support the commercial application of technologies 
        being developed by clean energy entrepreneurs from 
        underrepresented backgrounds; and
            (7) have a plan for sustaining activities of the incubator 
        after grant funds received under this program have been 
        expended.
    (d) Award Limits.--The Secretary shall not award more than 
$4,000,000 to one or more incubators in one given State, per fiscal 
year.
    (e) Duration.--Each grant under subsection (b) shall be for a 
period of no longer than 5 years, subject to the availability of 
appropriations.
    (f) Use of Funds.--An entity receiving a grant under this section 
may use grant amounts for operating expenses.
    (g) Renewal.--An award made to a clean energy incubator under this 
section may be renewed for a period of not more than 3 years, subject 
to merit review.
    (h) Evaluation.--In accordance with section 9007 of division Z of 
the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 (Public Law 116-260), the 
Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and 
Technology of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Energy 
and Natural Resources of the Senate an evaluation of the program 
established under this section that includes analyses of the 
performance of the clean energy incubators.
    (i) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this section $15,000,000 for 
each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027.

SEC. 10714. CLEAN ENERGY TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY PRIZE COMPETITION.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Eligible entity.--The term ``eligible entity'' means a 
        nonprofit entity, an institution of higher education, or an 
        entity working with one or more institutions of higher 
        education.
            (2) Minority-serving institution.--The term ``minority-
        serving institution'' means an institution described in section 
        371(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
        1067q(a)).
    (b) In General.--The Secretary shall establish a program, known as 
the ``Clean Energy Technology University Prize'', to award funding for 
eligible entities to carry out regional and one national clean energy 
technology prize competitions, under section 24 of the Stevenson-Wydler 
Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3719). In carrying out 
such prize competitions, students shall compete to develop a business 
model for furthering the commercial application of an innovative clean 
energy technology.
    (c) Training Funding.--In carrying out this program, the Secretary 
may provide funding to train participating students in skills needed 
for the successful commercial application of clean energy technologies, 
including through virtual training sessions.
    (d) Prioritization.--In awarding grants under this section, the 
Secretary shall prioritize awarding grants to eligible entities that 
work with students at minority-serving institutions.
    (e) Coordination.--In carrying out this program, the Secretary 
shall coordinate and partner with other clean energy technology prize 
competitions. In doing so, the Secretary may develop and disseminate 
best practices for administering prize competitions under this section.
    (f) Report.--In accordance with section 9007 of division Z of the 
Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 (Public Law 116-260), the 
Secretary shall report annually on the progress and implementation of 
the program established under section (b).
    (g) Evaluation.--In accordance with section 9007 of division Z of 
the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 (Public Law 116-260), the 
Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and 
Technology of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Energy 
and Natural Resources of the Senate an evaluation on the long-term 
outcomes of the program established under this section and the progress 
towards achieving the purposes of the program in subsection (b).
    (h) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the activities authorized in 
this section $1,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027.

SEC. 10715. CLEAN ENERGY TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER COORDINATION.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary, acting through the Chief 
Commercialization Officer established in section 1001 (a) of the Energy 
Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16391 (a)), shall support the 
coordination of relevant technology transfer programs that advance the 
commercial application of clean energy technologies nationally and 
across all energy sectors. In particular, the Secretary may support 
activities to--
            (1) facilitate the sharing of information on best practices 
        for successful operation of clean energy technology transfer 
        programs;
            (2) coordinate resources and improve cooperation among 
        clean energy technology transfer programs;
            (3) facilitate connections between entrepreneurs and start-
        up companies and the variety of programs related to clean 
        energy technology transfer under the Department; and
            (4) facilitate the development of metrics to measure the 
        impact of clean energy technology transfer programs on--
                    (A) advancing the development, demonstration, and 
                commercial application of clean energy technologies;
                    (B) increasing the competitiveness of United States 
                in the clean energy sector, including in manufacturing; 
                and
                    (C) commercial application of clean energy 
                technologies being developed by entrepreneurs from 
                under-represented backgrounds.
    (b) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the activities in this 
section $3,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027.

 PART 2--SUPPORTING TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT AT THE NATIONAL LABORATORIES

SEC. 10716. LAB PARTNERING SERVICE PILOT PROGRAM.

     Section 9002 of division Z of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 
2021 (Public Law 116-260) is amended by adding at the end the 
following:
    ``(h) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to the Secretary $2,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 
through 2025 to carry out subsections (a), (b), and (c), and $1,700,000 
for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2025 for National Laboratory 
employees to provide services under subsection (d).''.

SEC. 10717. LAB-EMBEDDED ENTREPRENEURSHIP PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary shall competitively award grants to 
National Laboratories for the purpose of establishing or supporting 
Lab-Embedded Entrepreneurship Programs.
    (b) Purposes.--The purposes of such programs are to provide 
entrepreneurial fellows with access to National Laboratory research 
facilities, National Laboratory expertise, and mentorship to perform 
research and development and gain expertise that may be required or 
beneficial for the commercial application of research ideas.
    (c) Entrepreneurial Fellows.--An entrepreneurial fellow 
participating in a program described in subsection (a) shall be 
provided with--
            (1) opportunities for entrepreneurial training, 
        professional development, and exposure to leaders from 
        academia, industry, government, and finance who may serve as 
        advisors to or partners of the fellow;
            (2) financial and technical support for research, 
        development, and commercial application activities;
            (3) fellowship awards to cover costs of living, health 
        insurance, and travel stipends for the duration of the 
        fellowship; and
            (4) any other resources determined appropriate by the 
        Secretary.
    (d) Program Activities.--Each National Laboratory that receives 
funding under this section shall support entrepreneurial fellows by 
providing--
            (1) access to facilities and expertise within the National 
        Laboratory;
            (2) engagement with external stakeholders; and
            (3) market and customer development opportunities.
    (e) Administration.--National Laboratories that receive grants 
under this section shall prioritize the support and success of the 
entrepreneurial fellow with regards to professional development and 
development of a relevant technology.
    (f) Partnerships.--In carrying out a Lab-Embedded Entrepreneurship 
Program, a National Laboratory may partner with an external entity, 
including--
            (1) a nonprofit organization;
            (2) an institution of higher education;
            (3) a federally-owned corporation; or
            (4) a consortium of 2 or more entities described in 
        paragraphs (1) through (3).
    (g) Metrics.--The Secretary shall support the development of short-
term and long-term metrics to assess the effectiveness of programs 
receiving a grant under subsection (a) in achieving the purposes of the 
program in subsection (a).
    (h) Evaluation.--In accordance with section 9007 of division Z of 
the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 (Public Law 116-260), the 
Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and 
Technology of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Energy 
and Natural Resources of the Senate an evaluation of the effectiveness 
of the programs under subsection (a) based on the metrics developed 
pursuant to subsection (g).
    (i) Coordination.--The Secretary shall oversee the planning and 
coordination of grants under subsection (a) and shall identify and 
disseminate best practices for achieving the purposes of subsection (a) 
to National Laboratories that receive grants under this section.
    (j) Interagency Collaboration.--The Secretary shall collaborate 
with other executive branch agencies, including the Department of 
Defense and other agencies with Federal laboratories, regarding 
opportunities to partner with National Laboratories receiving a grant 
under subsection (a).
    (k) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the activities authorized in 
this section $25,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027.

SEC. 10718. SMALL BUSINESS VOUCHER PROGRAM.

    Section 1003 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16393) is 
amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by 
                striking ``, and may require the Director of a single-
                purpose research facility,'' and inserting ``(as 
                defined in section 2) and the Director of each single-
                purpose research facility'';
                    (B) in paragraph (1)--
                            (i) by striking ``increase'' and inserting 
                        ``encourage''; and
                            (ii) by striking ``collaborative 
                        research,'' and inserting ``research, 
                        development, demonstration, and commercial 
                        application activities, including product 
                        development,'';
                    (C) in paragraph (2), by striking ``procurement and 
                collaborative research'' and inserting ``the activities 
                described in paragraph (1)'';
                    (D) in paragraph (3)--
                            (i) by inserting ``facilities,'' before 
                        ``training''; and
                            (ii) by striking ``procurement and 
                        collaborative research activities'' and 
                        inserting ``the activities described in 
                        paragraph (1)''; and
                    (E) in paragraph (5), by striking ``for the program 
                under subsection (b)'' and inserting ``and metrics for 
                the programs under subsections (b) and (c)'';
            (2) by redesignating subsections (c) and (d) as subsections 
        (d) and (e), respectively;
            (3) by inserting after subsection (b) the following:
    ``(c) Small Business Voucher Program.--
            ``(1) Definitions.--In this subsection:
                    ``(A) Director.--The term `Director' means--
                            ``(i) the Director of each National 
                        Laboratory; and
                            ``(ii) the Director of each single-purpose 
                        research facility.
                    ``(B) National laboratory.--The term `National 
                Laboratory' has the meaning given the term in section 
                2.
                    ``(C) Program.--The term `program' means the 
                program established under paragraph (2).
                    ``(D) Small business concern.--The term `small 
                business concern' has the meaning given such term in 
                section 3 of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 632).
            ``(2) Establishment.--The Secretary, acting through the 
        Chief Commercialization Officer appointed under section 
        1001(a), and in consultation with the Directors, shall 
        establish a program to provide small business concerns with 
        vouchers under paragraph (3)--
                    ``(A) to achieve the goal described in subsection 
                (a)(1); and
                    ``(B) to improve the products, services, and 
                capabilities of small business concerns in the mission 
                space of the Department.
            ``(3) Vouchers.--Under the program, the Directors are 
        authorized to provide to small business concerns vouchers to be 
        used at National Laboratories and single-purpose research 
        facilities for--
                    ``(A) research, development, demonstration, 
                technology transfer, skills training and workforce 
                development, or commercial application activities; or
                    ``(B) any other activities that the applicable 
                Director determines appropriate.
            ``(4) Expedited approval.--The Secretary, working with the 
        Directors, shall establish a stream-lined approval process for 
        financial assistance agreements signed between--
                    ``(A) small business concerns selected to receive a 
                voucher under the program; and
                    ``(B) the National Laboratories and single-purpose 
                research facilities.
            ``(5) Cost-sharing requirement.--In carrying out the 
        program, the Secretary shall require cost-sharing in accordance 
        with section 988.
            ``(6) Report.--In accordance with section 9007 of division 
        Z of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 (Public Law 116-
        260), the Secretary shall report annually on the progress and 
        implementation of the small business voucher program 
        established under this section, including the number and 
        locations of small businesses that received grants under this 
        program.''; and
            (4) in subsection (e) (as so redesignated), by striking 
        ``for activities under this section'' and inserting ``for 
        activities under subsection (b)'' and inserting before the 
        period at the end ``and for activities under subsection (c) 
        $25,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027''.

SEC. 10719. ENTREPRENEURIAL LEAVE PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary shall delegate to Directors the 
authority to carry out an entrepreneurial leave program (referred to in 
this section as the ``program'') to allow National Laboratory employees 
to take a full leave of absence from their position, with the option to 
return to that or a comparable position up to 3 years later, or a 
partial leave of absence, to advance the commercial application of 
energy and related technologies relevant to the mission of the 
Department.
    (b) Termination Authority.--Directors shall retain the authority to 
terminate National Laboratory employees that participate in the program 
if such employees are found to violate terms prescribed by the National 
Laboratory at which such employee is employed.
    (c) Licensing.--To reduce barriers to participation in the program, 
the Secretary shall delegate to the Directors the requirement to 
establish streamlined mechanisms for facilitating the licensing of 
technology that is the focus of National Laboratory employees who 
participate in the program.
    (d) Report.--In accordance with section 9007 of division Z of the 
Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 (Public Law 116-260), the 
Secretary shall report annually on the utilization of this authority at 
National Laboratories, including the number of employees who 
participate in this program at each National Laboratory and the number 
of employees who take a permanent leave from their positions at 
National Laboratories as a result of participating in this program.
    (e) Federal Ethics.--Nothing in this section shall affect existing 
Federal ethics rules applicable to Federal personnel.

SEC. 10720. NATIONAL LABORATORY NON-FEDERAL EMPLOYEE OUTSIDE EMPLOYMENT 
              AUTHORITY.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary shall delegate to Directors of 
National Laboratories the authority to allow their non-Federal 
employees--
            (1) to engage in outside employment, including start-up 
        companies based on licensing technologies developed at National 
        Laboratories and consulting in their areas of expertise, and 
        receive compensation from such entities; and
            (2) to engage in outside activities related to their areas 
        of expertise at the National Laboratory and may allow 
        employees, in their employment capacity at such outside 
        employment, to access the National Laboratories under the same 
        contracting mechanisms as non-Laboratory employees and 
        entities, in accordance with appropriate conflict of interest 
        protocols.
    (b) Requirements.--If a Director elects to use the authority 
granted by subsection (a) of this section, the Director, or their 
designee, shall--
            (1) require employees to disclose to and obtain approval 
        from the Director or their designee prior to engaging in any 
        outside employment;
            (2) develop and require appropriate conflict of interest 
        protocols for employees that engage in outside employment;
            (3) maintain the authority to terminate employees engaging 
        in outside employment if they are found to violate terms, 
        including conflict of interest protocols, mandated by the 
        Director; and
            (4) ensure that any such programs or activities are in 
        conformance with the Department's research security policies, 
        including DOE Order 486.1.
    (c) Additional Restrictions.--Employees engaging in outside 
employment may not--
            (1) allow such activities to interfere with or impede their 
        duties at the National Laboratory;
            (2) engage in activities related to outside employment 
        using National Laboratory government equipment, property, or 
        resources, unless such activities are performed under National 
        Laboratory contracting mechanisms, such as Cooperative Research 
        and Development Agreements or Strategic Partnership Projects, 
        whereby all conflicts of interest requirements apply; or
            (3) use their position at a National Laboratory to provide 
        an unfair competitive advantage to an outside employer or 
        start-up activity.
    (d) Federal Ethics.--Nothing in this section shall affect existing 
Federal ethics rules applicable to Federal personnel.

               PART 3--DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY MODERNIZATION

SEC. 10722. OFFICE OF TECHNOLOGY TRANSITIONS.

    Section 1001(a) of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16391) 
is amended by adding at the end the following:
            ``(6) Hiring and management.--To carry out the program 
        authorized in this section, the Under Secretary for Science may 
        appoint personnel using the authorities in section 10726 of the 
        Research and Development, Competition, and Innovation Act.
            ``(7) Authorization of appropriations.--There are 
        authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the 
        activities authorized in this section $20,000,000 for each of 
        fiscal years 2023 through 2027.''.

SEC. 10723. MANAGEMENT OF DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY DEMONSTRATION PROJECTS.

    Section 41201 of the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (42 
U.S.C. 18861) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (b), by inserting ``including the Office 
        of Technology Transitions, the Loan Program Office, and all 
        applied program offices,'' after ``Department,'';
            (2) in subsection (d), by inserting ``, including by using 
        the authorities in section 10726 of the Research and 
        Development, Competition, and Innovation Act,'' after 
        ``personnel'';
            (3) by redesignating subsections (e), (f), and (g) as 
        subsections (g), (h), and (i), respectively;
            (4) by adding after subsection (d) the following:
    ``(e) Additional Authority.--The Secretary may solicit, select, and 
manage covered projects directly through the program.
    ``(f) Project Termination.--Should an ongoing covered project 
receive an unfavorable review under subsection (c)(5), the Secretary or 
their designee may cease funding the covered project and reallocate the 
remaining funds to new or existing covered projects carried out by that 
program office.''; and
            (5) in subsection (h)(1) (as so redesignated), by striking 
        ``The Secretary'' and inserting ``In accordance with section 
        9007 of division Z of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 
        (Public Law 116-260), the Secretary''.

SEC. 10724. STREAMLINING PRIZE COMPETITIONS.

    (a) Reporting.--Section 1008 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 
U.S.C. 16396) is amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(h) Report.--In accordance with section 9007 of division Z of the 
Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 (Public Law 116-260), the 
Secretary shall report annually on a description of any prize 
competitions carried out using the authority under this section, the 
total amount of prizes awarded along with any private sector 
contributions, the methods used for solicitation and evaluation, and a 
description of how each prize competition advanced the mission of the 
Department.''.
    (b) Technical Amendment.--Section 1008 of the Energy Policy Act of 
2005 (42 U.S.C. 16396) is amended by redesignating the second 
subsection (e) (relating to authorization of appropriations) as 
subsection (f).

SEC. 10725. COST-SHARE WAIVER EXTENSION.

    (a) In General.--Section 988 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 
U.S.C. 16352) is amended in subsection (b)(4)(B) by striking ``this 
paragraph'' and inserting ``the Research and Development, Competition, 
and Innovation Act''.
    (b) Report.--Section 108(b) of the Department of Energy Research 
and Innovation Act is amended in subsection (b) by striking ``this 
Act'' each place it appears and inserting ``the Research and 
Development, Competition, and Innovation Act''.

SEC. 10726. SPECIAL HIRING AUTHORITY FOR SCIENTIFIC, ENGINEERING, AND 
              PROJECT MANAGEMENT PERSONNEL.

    (a) In General.--The Under Secretary for Science shall have the 
authority to--
            (1) make appointments of not more than 60 scientific, 
        engineering, and professional personnel, without regard to 
        civil service laws, to assist the Department in meeting 
        specific project or research needs;
            (2) fix the basic pay of any employee appointed under this 
        section at a rate to be determined by the Under Secretary at 
        rates not in excess of Level II of the Executive Schedule (EX-
        II) under section 5311 of title 5, United States Code without 
        regard to the civil service laws; and
            (3) pay any employee appointed under this section payments 
        in addition to basic pay, except that the total amount of 
        additional payments paid to an employee under this subsection 
        for any 12-month period shall not exceed the lesser of the 
        following amounts:
                    (A) $25,000.
                    (B) The amount equal to 25 percent of the annual 
                rate of basic pay of that employee.
                    (C) The amount of the limitation that is applicable 
                for a calendar year under section 5307(a)(1) of title 
                5, United States Code.
    (b) Term.--
            (1) In general.--The term of any employee appointed under 
        this section shall not exceed 3 years unless otherwise 
        authorized in law.
            (2) Termination.--The Under Secretary for Science shall 
        have the authority to terminate any employee appointed under 
        this section at any time based on performance or changing 
        project or research needs of the Department.

SEC. 10727. TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER REPORTS AND EVALUATION.

    Section 9007 of division Z of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 
2021 (Public Law 116-260) is amended as follows:
    ``(a) Annual Report.--As part of the updated technology transfer 
execution plan required each year under section 1001(h)(2) of the 
Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16391(h)(2)), the Secretary of 
Energy (in this section referred to as the `Secretary') shall submit to 
the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of 
Representatives and the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of 
the Senate a report on the progress and implementation of programs 
established under sections 9001, 9002, 9003, 9004, and 9005 of this Act 
and under sections 10714, 10718, 10719, 10720, and 10723 of the 
Research and Development, Competition, and Innovation Act.
    ``(b) Evaluation.--Not later than 3 years after the enactment of 
this Act and every 3 years thereafter the Secretary shall submit to the 
Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of 
Representatives and the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of 
the Senate an evaluation on the extent to which programs established 
under sections 9001, 9002, 9003, 9004, and 9005 of this Act and 
sections 10713, 10714, 10715, and 10717 of the Research and 
Development, Competition, and Innovation Act are achieving success 
based on relevant short-term and long-term metrics.''.

                         Subtitle K--Micro Act

SEC. 10731. MICROELECTRONICS RESEARCH FOR ENERGY INNOVATION.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Center.--The term ``Center'' means a Microelectronics 
        Science Research Center established pursuant to subsection (d).
            (2) Department.--The term ``Department'' means the 
        Department of Energy.
            (3) Director.--The term ``Director'' means the Director of 
        the Office of Science.
            (4) Historically black college or university.--The term 
        ``historically Black college or university'' has the meaning 
        given the term ``part B institution'' in section 322 of the 
        Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1061).
            (5) Institution of higher education.--The term 
        ``institution of higher education'' has the meaning given the 
        term in section 101(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
        U.S.C. 1001(a)).
            (6) Microelectronics.--The term ``microelectronics'' 
        means--
                    (A) a semiconductor and related materials;
                    (B) processing chemistries;
                    (C) design technologies;
                    (D) fabrication technologies;
                    (E) lithography technologies;
                    (F) packaging technologies;
                    (G) a sensor;
                    (H) a device;
                    (I) an integrated circuit;
                    (J) a processor;
                    (K) computing architecture;
                    (L) modeling and simulation;
                    (M) a software tool; and
                    (N) any other related technology.
            (7) Minority-serving institution.--The term ``minority-
        serving institution'' means--
                    (A) a Hispanic-serving institution (as defined in 
                section 502(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
                U.S.C. 1101a(a)));
                    (B) an Alaska Native-serving institution (as 
                defined in section 317(b) of the Higher Education Act 
                of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1059d(b)));
                    (C) a Native Hawaiian-serving institution (as 
                defined in that section);
                    (D) a Predominantly Black Institution (as defined 
                in section 371(c) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 
                (20 U.S.C. 1067q(c)));
                    (E) an Asian American and Native American Pacific 
                Islander-serving institution (as defined in that 
                section); and
                    (F) a Native American-serving nontribal institution 
                (as defined in that section).
            (8) National laboratory.--The term ``National Laboratory'' 
        has the meaning given the term in section 2 of the Energy 
        Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 15801).
            (9) Program.--The term ``program'' means the program 
        established under subsection (c)(1).
            (10) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary 
        of Energy.
            (11) Skilled technical workforce.--The term ``skilled 
        technical workforce'' has the meaning given the term in section 
        4(b)(3) of the Innovations in Mentoring, Training, and 
        Apprenticeships Act (42 U.S.C. 1862p note; Public Law 115-402).
            (12) Tribal college or university.--The term ``Tribal 
        College or University'' has the meaning given the term in 
        section 316 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
        1059c).
            (13) Work-based learning.--The term ``work-based learning'' 
        has the meaning given the term in section 3 of the Carl D. 
        Perkins Career and Technical Education Act of 2006 (20 U.S.C. 
        2302).
    (b) Findings.--Congress finds that--
            (1) the coming end of Moore's Law presents major 
        technological challenges and opportunities for the United 
        States and has important implications for national security, 
        economic competitiveness, and scientific discovery;
            (2) future progress and innovation in microelectronics, and 
        the maintenance of a robust domestic microelectronics supply 
        chain, will require an approach that advances relevant 
        materials science, electronic and photonic device technologies, 
        processing and packaging technologies, manufacturing 
        technologies, circuit, chip, and system architecture, and 
        software system and algorithm development in a codesign 
        fashion;
            (3) the National Laboratories possess unique technical 
        expertise and user facilities that are essential to--
                    (A) overcoming foundational research challenges 
                relevant to the topics described in paragraph (2); and
                    (B) translating and transferring research outcomes 
                to industry; and
            (4) the expertise and user facilities of the National 
        Laboratories described in paragraph (3) will enable the 
        Department to drive advances in microelectronics that are 
        essential to meeting future needs in areas critical to the 
        missions of the Department and the future competitiveness of 
        the domestic microelectronics industry, including high-
        performance computing, emerging data-centric computing 
        approaches and energy-efficient computing, optical sensors, 
        sources, and wireless networks, and power electronics and 
        electricity delivery systems.
    (c) Microelectronics Research Program.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary shall carry out a 
        crosscutting program of research, development, and 
        demonstration of microelectronics relevant to the missions of 
        the Department to enable advances and breakthroughs that will--
                    (A) accelerate underlying research and development 
                for design, development, and manufacturability of next-
                generation microelectronics; and
                    (B) ensure the global competitiveness of the United 
                States in the field of microelectronics.
            (2) Research projects.--
                    (A) In general.--In carrying out the program, the 
                Secretary shall provide financial assistance to 
                eligible entities described in subparagraph (B) to 
                carry out research projects in--
                            (i) foundational science areas, including--
                                    (I) materials sciences, chemical 
                                sciences, and plasma science synthesis 
                                and fabrication;
                                    (II) novel microelectronics 
                                devices, including emerging memory and 
                                storage technologies;
                                    (III) diverse computing 
                                architectures and paradigms, including 
                                analog computing and edge computing;
                                    (IV) data-driven modeling and 
                                simulation;
                                    (V) integrated sensing, power 
                                harvesting, and communications;
                                    (VI) component integration and 
                                subsystems;
                                    (VII) photonic integration and 
                                packaging; and
                                    (VIII) development of codesign 
                                frameworks for all stages of 
                                microelectronics design, development, 
                                fabrication, and application;
                            (ii) cybersecurity by design to result in 
                        trusted and resilient microelectronics;
                            (iii) methods for leveraging advanced 
                        simulation and artificial intelligence to 
                        enhance codesign and discovery in 
                        microelectronics;
                            (iv) in consultation with the National 
                        Institute of Standards and Technology, 
                        fabrication and processing science and 
                        metrology associated with microelectronics 
                        manufacturing, including lithography, 
                        patterning, surface deposition, etching, and 
                        cleaning;
                            (v) approaches for optimizing system-level 
                        energy efficiency of advanced computing 
                        systems, the electrical grid, power 
                        electronics, and other energy infrastructure;
                            (vi) approaches for enhancing the 
                        durability and lifetime of radiation-hardened 
                        electronics;
                            (vii) enhancement of microelectronics 
                        security, including the development of 
                        integrated devices, packages, and thermal 
                        management for severe environments and national 
                        security;
                            (viii) in coordination with other relevant 
                        initiatives of the Department, methods to 
                        improve the lifetime, maintenance, recycling, 
                        reuse, and sustainability of microelectronics 
                        components and systems, including technologies 
                        and strategies that reduce the use of energy, 
                        water, critical materials, and other 
                        commodities that the Secretary determines are 
                        vulnerable to disruption; and
                            (ix) methods and techniques for domestic 
                        processing of materials for microelectronics 
                        and components of microelectronics.
                    (B) Eligible entities.--An eligible entity referred 
                to in subparagraph (A) is--
                            (i) an institution of higher education, 
                        including a historically Black college or 
                        university, a Tribal College or University, and 
                        a minority-serving institution;
                            (ii) a nonprofit research organization;
                            (iii) a State research agency;
                            (iv) a National Laboratory;
                            (v) a private commercial entity;
                            (vi) a partnership or consortium of 2 or 
                        more entities described in clauses (i) through 
                        (v); and
                            (vii) any other entity that the Secretary 
                        determines appropriate.
                    (C) Notification.--Not later than 30 days after the 
                Secretary provides financial assistance to an eligible 
                entity under subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall 
                submit to the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources 
                of the Senate and the Committee on Science, Space, and 
                Technology of the House of Representatives a 
                notification of the financial assistance provided, 
                including--
                            (i) the criteria used by the Secretary to 
                        select the eligible entity receiving the 
                        financial assistance;
                            (ii) the manner in which the criteria 
                        described in clause (i) comport with the 
                        purposes of the program described in paragraph 
                        (1); and
                            (iii) a description of the research project 
                        that the eligible entity will carry out using 
                        the financial assistance.
            (3) Technology transfer.--In carrying out the program, the 
        Secretary, in coordination with the Director of the Office of 
        Technology Transitions and in consultation with the private 
        sector, shall--
                    (A) support translational research and transfer of 
                microelectronics technologies; and
                    (B) identify emerging research and development 
                needs of industry and government for the benefit of 
                United States economic competitiveness.
            (4) Workforce development.--In carrying out the program, 
        the Secretary shall support--
                    (A) workforce development through existing 
                authorities and mechanisms available to the Department, 
                including internships, fellowships, individual 
                investigator grants, and other activities the Secretary 
                determines appropriate; and
                    (B) in consultation with the National Science 
                Foundation, as appropriate, education and outreach 
                activities--
                            (i) to disseminate information and promote 
                        understanding of microelectronics and related 
                        fields among students at elementary school, 
                        secondary school, high school, undergraduate, 
                        and graduate levels; and
                            (ii) that may include educational 
                        programming with an emphasis on experiential 
                        and project-based learning.
            (5) Outreach.--The Secretary shall conduct outreach to 
        recruit applicants to the program and engage participants from 
        all regions of the United States, especially individuals from 
        underserved communities and groups historically 
        underrepresented in science, technology, engineering, and 
        mathematics.
            (6) Coordination.--In carrying out the program, the 
        Secretary shall--
                    (A) coordinate across all relevant programs and 
                offices of the Department; and
                    (B) coordinate the research carried out under the 
                program relating to microelectronics with activities 
                carried out by other Federal agencies and programs 
                relating to microelectronics research, development, 
                manufacturing, and supply chain security, including the 
                programs authorized under subsections (c) through (f) 
                of section 9906 of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry 
                National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 
                (15 U.S.C. 4656).
            (7) Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
        enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to the 
        Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate and the 
        Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of 
        Representatives a report describing the goals, priorities, and 
        anticipated outcomes of the program.
            (8) Funding.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
        the Secretary to carry out this subsection--
                    (A) $75,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                    (B) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                    (C) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
                    (D) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
                    (E) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.
    (d) Microelectronics Science Research Centers.--
            (1) In general.--In carrying out the program, subject to 
        the availability of appropriations, the Director shall 
        establish not more than 4 Microelectronics Science Research 
        Centers, each comprising 1 or more eligible entities--
                    (A) to conduct mission-driven research to address 
                foundational challenges in the design, development, 
                characterization, prototyping, demonstration, and 
                fabrication of microelectronics; and
                    (B) to facilitate the translation of research 
                results to industry.
            (2) Eligible entities.--An eligible entity referred to in 
        paragraph (1) is--
                    (A) a National Laboratory;
                    (B) an institution of higher education, including a 
                historically Black college or university, a Tribal 
                College or University, and a minority-serving 
                institution;
                    (C) a private commercial entity;
                    (D) a research center;
                    (E) a partnership or consortium of 2 or more 
                entities described in subparagraphs (A) through (D); 
                and
                    (F) any other entity that the Secretary determines 
                appropriate.
            (3) Activities.--The activities of a Center shall include 
        research, development, and demonstration activities for--
                    (A) accelerating the development of new 
                microelectronics science and technology, including 
                materials, devices, circuits, systems, architectures, 
                fabrication tools, processes, diagnostics, modeling, 
                synthesis, and, in consultation with the National 
                Institute of Standards and Technology, metrology;
                    (B) advancing the sustainability and energy 
                efficiency of new microelectronics devices, packages, 
                and systems;
                    (C) application-driven codesign and prototyping of 
                novel devices to facilitate laboratory-to-fabrication 
                transition;
                    (D) advancing knowledge and experimental 
                capabilities in surface and materials science, plasma 
                science, and computational and theoretical methods, 
                including artificial intelligence, multiscale codesign, 
                and advanced supercomputing capabilities to invent and 
                manufacture revolutionary microelectronic devices;
                    (E) creating technology testbeds for prototyping 
                platforms for validation and verification of new 
                capabilities and sharing of ideas, intellectual 
                property, and the unique facilities of the Department;
                    (F) supporting development of cybersecurity 
                capabilities for computing architectures that 
                measurably improve safety and security and are 
                adaptable for existing and future applications; and
                    (G) supporting long-term and short-term workforce 
                development in microelectronics.
            (4) Request for proposals; merit review.--
                    (A) In general.--The Director shall, at such time, 
                in such manner, and containing such information as the 
                Director determines to be appropriate, issue a request 
                for proposals from eligible entities described in 
                paragraph (2) seeking to be designated as a Center.
                    (B) Competitive merit review.--The Director shall 
                select eligible entities under subparagraph (A) through 
                a competitive, merit-based process.
            (5) Operation.--
                    (A) Duration.--
                            (i) In general.--Each Center shall operate 
                        for a period of not more than 5 years, unless 
                        renewed for an additional 5-year period in 
                        accordance with clause (ii).
                            (ii) Renewal.--
                                    (I) Initial renewal.--In the case 
                                of a Center that has operated for not 
                                more than 5 years, the Director may 
                                renew support for the Center on a 
                                merit-reviewed basis for a period of 
                                not more than 5 years.
                                    (II) 10-year operation.--In the 
                                case of a Center that has operated for 
                                not less than 5 years but not more than 
                                10 years, the Director may renew 
                                support for the Center on a 
                                competitive, merit-reviewed basis for a 
                                period of not more than 5 years.
                                    (III) 15-year operation.--In the 
                                case of a Center that has operated for 
                                not less than 10 years but not more 
                                than 15 years, the Director may renew 
                                support for the Center on a merit-
                                reviewed basis for a period of not more 
                                than 5 years.
                    (B) Termination.--Consistent with the existing 
                authorities of the Department, the Director may 
                terminate an underperforming Center during the 
                performance period.
            (6) Technology transfer.--The Director, in coordination 
        with the Director of the Office of Technology Transitions, 
        shall seek to enter into partnerships with industry groups to 
        facilitate the translation and transfer of research results 
        produced by the Centers.
            (7) Coordination.--The Secretary shall--
                    (A) establish a coordinating network to coordinate 
                cross-cutting research and foster communication and 
                collaboration among the Centers; and
                    (B) ensure coordination, and avoid unnecessary 
                duplication, of the activities of each Center with the 
                activities of--
                            (i) other research entities of the 
                        Department, including--
                                    (I) the Nanoscale Science Research 
                                Centers;
                                    (II) the National Quantum 
                                Information Science Research Centers;
                                    (III) the Energy Frontier Research 
                                Centers;
                                    (IV) the Energy Innovation Hubs;
                                    (V) the National Laboratories; and
                                    (VI) other offices of the 
                                Department;
                            (ii) the National Semiconductor Technology 
                        Center established under section 9906(c)(1) of 
                        the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National 
                        Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 
                        (15 U.S.C. 4656(c)(1));
                            (iii) institutions of higher education;
                            (iv) industry; and
                            (v) relevant research activities carried 
                        out by other Federal agencies.
            (8) Workforce development.--Each Center shall support 
        workforce development through--
                    (A) incorporation of undergraduate students, 
                postdoctoral fellows, graduate students, and early 
                career researchers, as well as elementary school, 
                secondary school, and high school students, through 
                opportunities such as dual-enrollment programs and 
                work-based learning programs, as applicable;
                    (B) hands-on research and equipment training 
                programs;
                    (C) technical training and certificate programs for 
                the skilled technical workforce;
                    (D) facilitation of engagement among academic, 
                industry, and laboratory researchers; and
                    (E) public outreach activities, including to 
                students at elementary school, secondary school, high 
                school, undergraduate, and graduate levels, which may 
                include educational programming with an emphasis on 
                experiential and project-based learning.
            (9) Outreach.--The Director shall support the workforce 
        development of Centers under paragraph (8) by conducting 
        outreach to recruit applicants and engage participants from all 
        regions of the United States, especially individuals from 
        underserved communities and groups historically 
        underrepresented in science, technology, engineering, and 
        mathematics.
            (10) Intellectual property.--The Secretary shall ensure 
        that the intellectual property and value proposition created by 
        the Centers are retained within the United States.
            (11) Notification.--
                    (A) Definition of covered determination.--In this 
                paragraph, the term ``covered determination'' means a 
                determination of the Secretary--
                            (i) to establish a Center under paragraph 
                        (1);
                            (ii) to renew support for a Center under 
                        paragraph (5)(A)(ii); or
                            (iii) to terminate a Center under paragraph 
                        (5)(B).
                    (B) Notification.--Not later than 30 days after the 
                Secretary makes a covered determination, the Secretary 
                shall submit to the Committee on Energy and Natural 
                Resources of the Senate and the Committee on Science, 
                Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives a 
                notification of the covered determination, including--
                            (i) the criteria used by the Secretary to 
                        make the covered determination; and
                            (ii) the manner in which the criteria 
                        described in clause (i) comport with the 
                        purposes of the program described in paragraph 
                        (1).
            (12) Funding.--Subject to the availability of 
        appropriations, the Secretary shall use not more than 
        $25,000,000 to fund each Center for each of fiscal years 2023 
        through 2027.

    Subtitle L--National Nuclear University Research Infrastructure 
                              Reinvestment

SEC. 10741. SHORT TITLE.

     This subtitle may be cited as the ``National Nuclear University 
Research Infrastructure Reinvestment Act of 2021''.

SEC. 10742. PURPOSES.

    The purposes of this subtitle are--
            (1) to upgrade the nuclear research capabilities of 
        universities in the United States to meet the research 
        requirements of advanced nuclear energy systems;
            (2) to ensure the continued operation of university 
        research reactors;
            (3) to coordinate available resources to enable the 
        establishment, including the start and efficient completion of 
        construction, of new nuclear science and engineering 
        facilities; and
            (4) to support--
                    (A) workforce development critical to maintaining 
                United States leadership in nuclear science and 
                engineering and related disciplines; and
                    (B) the establishment or enhancement of nuclear 
                science and engineering capabilities and other, related 
                capabilities at historically Black colleges and 
                universities, Tribal colleges or universities, 
                minority-serving institutions, EPSCoR universities, 
                junior or community colleges, and associate-degree-
                granting colleges.

SEC. 10743. UNIVERSITY INFRASTRUCTURE COLLABORATION.

    Section 954(a) of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 
16274(a)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (2) by amending subparagraph (D) to read 
        as follows:
                    ``(D) promote collaborations, partnerships, and 
                knowledge sharing between institutions of higher 
                education, National Laboratories, other Federal 
                agencies, industry, and associated labor unions; and''.
            (2) by amending paragraph (4) to read as follow:
            ``(4) Strengthening university research and training 
        reactors and associated infrastructure.--
                    ``(A) In general.--In carrying out the program 
                under this subsection, the Secretary may support--
                            ``(i) converting research reactors from 
                        high-enrichment fuels to low-enrichment fuels 
                        and upgrading operational instrumentation;
                            ``(ii) revitalizing and upgrading existing 
                        nuclear science and engineering infrastructure 
                        that support the development of advanced 
                        nuclear technologies and applications;
                            ``(iii) regional or subregional university-
                        led consortia to--
                                    ``(I) broaden access to university 
                                research reactors;
                                    ``(II) enhance existing university-
                                based nuclear science and engineering 
                                infrastructure; and
                                    ``(III) provide project management, 
                                technical support, quality engineering 
                                and inspections, manufacturing, and 
                                nuclear material support;
                            ``(iv) student training programs, in 
                        collaboration with the United States nuclear 
                        industry, in relicensing and upgrading 
                        reactors, including through the provision of 
                        technical assistance; and
                            ``(v) reactor improvements that emphasize 
                        research, training, and education, including 
                        through the Innovations in Nuclear 
                        Infrastructure and Education Program or any 
                        similar program.
                    ``(B) Of any amounts appropriated to carry out the 
                program under this subsection, there is authorized to 
                be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out clauses 
                (ii) and (iii) of subparagraph (A) $55,000,000 for each 
                of fiscal years 2023 through 2027.''.

SEC. 10744. ADVANCED NUCLEAR RESEARCH INFRASTRUCTURE ENHANCEMENT 
              SUBPROGRAM.

    Section 954(a) of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 
16274(a)), as amended by section 3, is further amended--
            (1) by redesignating paragraphs (5) through (8) as 
        paragraphs (6) through (9), respectively;
            (2) by inserting after paragraph (4) the following:
            ``(5) Advanced nuclear research infrastructure 
        enhancement.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall carry out a 
                subprogram to be known as the Advanced Nuclear Research 
                Infrastructure Enhancement Subprogram in order to--
                            ``(i) demonstrate various advanced nuclear 
                        reactor and nuclear microreactor concepts;
                            ``(ii) establish medical isotope production 
                        reactors or other specialized applications; and
                            ``(iii) advance other research 
                        infrastructure that, in the determination of 
                        the Secretary, is consistent with the mission 
                        of the Department.
                    ``(B) New nuclear science and engineering 
                facilities.--In carrying out the subprogram, the 
                Secretary shall establish--
                            ``(i) not more than 4 new research 
                        reactors; and
                            ``(ii) new nuclear science and engineering 
                        facilities, as required to address research 
                        demand and identified infrastructure gaps.
                    ``(C) Locations.--New research reactors and 
                facilities established under subparagraph (B) shall be 
                established in a manner that--
                            ``(i) supports the regional or subregional 
                        consortia described in paragraph (4)(C); and
                            ``(ii) encourages the participation of--
                                    ``(I) historically Black colleges 
                                and universities;
                                    ``(II) Tribal colleges or 
                                universities;
                                    ``(III) minority-serving 
                                institutions;
                                    ``(IV) EPSCoR universities; and
                                    ``(V) junior or community colleges.
                    ``(D) Fuel requirements.--New research reactors 
                established under subparagraph (B) shall not use high-
                enriched uranium, as defined in section 2001 of 
                division Z of the Consolidated Appropriations Act of 
                2021.
                    ``(E) Authorization of appropriations.--Of any 
                amounts appropriated to carry out the program under 
                this section, there are authorized to be appropriated 
                to the Secretary to carry out the subprogram under this 
                paragraph--
                            ``(i) $45,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                            ``(ii) $60,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                            ``(iii) $65,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
                            ``(iv) $80,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; 
                        and
                            ``(v) $140,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.''; 
                        and
            (3) by amending paragraph (9), as redesignated by paragraph 
        (1) of this section, to read as follows:
            ``(9) Definitions.--In this subsection:
                    ``(A) Junior faculty.--The term `junior faculty' 
                means a faculty member who was awarded a doctorate less 
                than 10 years before receipt of an award from the grant 
                program described in paragraph (2)(B).
                    ``(B) Junior or community college.--The term 
                `junior or community college' means--
                            ``(i) a public institution of high 
                        education, including additional locations, at 
                        which the highest awarded degree, or the 
                        predominantly awarded degree, is an associate 
                        degree; or
                            ``(ii) any Tribal college or university (as 
                        defined in section 316 of the Higher Education 
                        Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1059c)).
                    ``(C) Epscor university.--The term `EPSCoR 
                university' means an institution of higher education 
                located in a State eligible to participate in the 
                program defined in section 502 of the America COMPETES 
                Reauthorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 1862p note).
                    ``(D) Historically black college or university.--
                The term `historically Black college or university' has 
                the meaning given the term `part B institution' in 
                section 322 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
                U.S.C. 1061).
                    ``(E) Minority-serving institution.--The term 
                `minority-serving institution' means a Hispanic-serving 
                institution, an Alaska Native-serving institution, a 
                Native Hawaiian-serving institution, a Predominantly 
                Black Institution, an Asian American and Native 
                American Pacific Islander-serving institution, or a 
                Native American-serving nontribal institution as 
                described in section 371 of the Higher Education Act of 
                1965 (20 U.S.C. 1067q(a)).
                    ``(F) Tribal college or university.--The term 
                `Tribal College or University' has the meaning given 
                such term in section 316 of the Higher Education Act of 
                1965 (20 U.S.C. 1059c).''.

SEC. 10745. SCIENCE EDUCATION AND HUMAN RESOURCES SCHOLARSHIPS, 
              FELLOWSHIPS, AND RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS.

    (a) In General.--The purpose of this section is to support a 
diverse workforce for the complex landscape associated with effective 
and equitable development of advanced nuclear energy technologies, 
including interdisciplinary research to enable positive impacts and 
avoid potential negative impacts across the lifespan of nuclear energy 
technologies.
    (b) Nontechnical Nuclear Research.--Section 313 of the Omnibus 
Appropriations Act, 2009 (Public Law 111-8; 42 U.S.C. 16274a) is 
amended--
            (1) in subsection (b)(2), after ``engineering'', by 
        inserting ``, which may include nontechnical nuclear 
        research.'';
            (2) in subsection (c), by inserting after paragraph (2) the 
        following:
            ``(3) Nontechnical nuclear research.--The term 
        `nontechnical nuclear research' means research with 
        specializations such as social sciences or law that can support 
        an increase in community engagement, participation, and 
        confidence in nuclear energy systems, including the navigation 
        of the licensing required for advanced reactor deployment, 
        aligned with the objectives in section 951(a)(2) of the Energy 
        Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16271(a)(2)).''; and
            (3) in subsection (d)(1), by striking ``$30,000,000'' and 
        inserting ``$45,000,000''.

    Subtitle M--Steel Upgrading Partnerships and Emissions Reduction

SEC. 10751. LOW-EMISSIONS STEEL MANUFACTURING RESEARCH PROGRAM.

    (a) Program.--Subtitle D of title IV of the Energy Independence and 
Security Act of 2007 (42 U.S.C. 17111 et seq.) is amended by inserting 
after section 454 the following:

``SEC. 454A. LOW-EMISSIONS STEEL MANUFACTURING RESEARCH PROGRAM.

    ``(a) Purpose.--The purpose of this section is to encourage the 
research and development of innovative technologies aimed at--
            ``(1) increasing the technological and economic 
        competitiveness of industry and manufacturing in the United 
        States; and
            ``(2) achieving significant net nonwater greenhouse 
        emissions reductions in the production processes for iron, 
        steel, and steel mill products.
    ``(b) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Commercially available steelmaking.--The term 
        `commercially available steelmaking' means the current 
        production method of iron, steel, and steel mill products.
            ``(2) Critical material.--The term `critical material' has 
        the meaning given such term in section 7002 of division Z of 
        the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 (Public Law 116-260).
            ``(3) Critical mineral.--The term `critical mineral' has 
        the meaning given such term in section 7002 of division Z of 
        the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 (Public Law 116-260).
            ``(4) Eligible entity.--The term `eligible entity' means--
                    ``(A) an institution of higher education;
                    ``(B) an appropriate State or Federal entity, 
                including a federally funded research and development 
                center of the Department;
                    ``(C) a nonprofit research institution;
                    ``(D) a private entity;
                    ``(E) any other relevant entity the Secretary 
                determines appropriate; and
                    ``(F) a partnership or consortium of two or more 
                entities described in subparagraphs (A) through (E).
            ``(5) Institution of higher education.--The term 
        `institution of higher education' has the meaning given the 
        term in section 101 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
        U.S.C. 1001).
            ``(6) Low-emissions steel manufacturing.--The term `low-
        emissions steel manufacturing' means advanced or commercially 
        available steelmaking with the reduction, to the maximum extent 
        practicable, of net nonwater greenhouse gas emissions to the 
        atmosphere from the production of iron, steel, and steel mill 
        products.
    ``(c) In General.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
enactment of the Research and Development, Competition, and Innovation 
Act, the Secretary shall establish a program of research, development, 
demonstration, and commercial application of advanced tools, 
technologies, and methods for low-emissions steel manufacturing.
    ``(d) Requirements.--In carrying out the program under subsection 
(c), the Secretary shall--
            ``(1) coordinate this program with the programs and 
        activities authorized in title VI of division Z of the 
        Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021;
            ``(2) coordinate across all relevant program offices of the 
        Department, including the Office of Science, Office of Energy 
        Efficiency and Renewable Energy, the Office of Fossil Energy, 
        and the Office of Nuclear Energy;
            ``(3) leverage, to the extent practicable, the research 
        infrastructure of the Department, including scientific 
        computing user facilities, x-ray light sources, neutron 
        scattering facilities, and nanoscale science research centers; 
        and
            ``(4) conduct research, development, and demonstration of 
        low-emissions steel manufacturing technologies that have the 
        potential to increase domestic production and employment in 
        advanced and commercially available steelmaking.
    ``(e) Strategic Plan.--
            ``(1) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the date 
        of enactment of the Research and Development, Competition, and 
        Innovation Act, the Secretary shall develop a 5-year strategic 
        plan identifying research, development, demonstration, and 
        commercial application goals for the program established in 
        subsection (c). The Secretary shall submit this plan to the 
        Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of 
        Representatives and the Committee on Energy and Natural 
        Resources of the Senate.
            ``(2) Contents.--The strategic plan submitted under 
        paragraph (1) shall--
                    ``(A) identify programs at the Department related 
                to low-emissions steel manufacturing that support the 
                research, development, demonstration, and commercial 
                application activities described in this section, and 
                the demonstration projects under subsection (h);
                    ``(B) establish technological and programmatic 
                goals to achieve the requirements of subsection (d); 
                and
                    ``(C) include timelines for the accomplishment of 
                goals developed under the plan.
            ``(3) Updates to plan.--Not less than once every two years, 
        the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Science, Space, 
        and Technology of the House of Representatives and the 
        Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate an 
        updated version of the plan under paragraph (1).
    ``(f) Focus Areas.--In carrying out the program established in 
subsection (c), the Secretary shall focus on--
            ``(1) medium- and high-temperature heat generation 
        technologies used for low-emissions steel manufacturing, which 
        may include--
                    ``(A) alternative fuels, including hydrogen and 
                biomass;
                    ``(B) alternative reducing agents, including 
                hydrogen;
                    ``(C) renewable heat generation technology, 
                including solar and geothermal;
                    ``(D) electrification of heating processes, 
                including through electrolysis; and
                    ``(E) other heat generation sources;
            ``(2) carbon capture technologies for advanced and 
        commercially available steelmaking processes, which may 
        include--
                    ``(A) combustion and chemical looping technologies;
                    ``(B) use of slag to reduce carbon dioxide 
                emissions;
                    ``(C) pre-combustion technologies; and
                    ``(D) post-combustion technologies;
            ``(3) smart manufacturing technologies and principles, 
        digital manufacturing technologies, and advanced data analytics 
        to develop advanced technologies and practices in information, 
        automation, monitoring, computation, sensing, modeling, and 
        networking to--
                    ``(A) model and simulate manufacturing production 
                lines;
                    ``(B) monitor and communicate production line 
                status; and
                    ``(C) model, simulate, and optimize the energy 
                efficiency of manufacturing processes;
            ``(4) technologies and practices that minimize energy and 
        natural resource consumption, which may include--
                    ``(A) designing products that enable reuse, 
                refurbishment, remanufacturing, and recycling;
                    ``(B) minimizing waste from advanced and 
                commercially available steelmaking processes, including 
                through the reuse of waste as resources in other 
                industrial processes for mutual benefit;
                    ``(C) increasing resource efficiency; and
                    ``(D) increasing the energy efficiency of advanced 
                and commercially available steelmaking processes;
            ``(5) alternative materials and technologies that produce 
        fewer emissions during production and result in fewer emissions 
        during use, which may include--
                    ``(A) innovative raw materials;
                    ``(B) high-performance lightweight materials;
                    ``(C) substitutions for critical materials and 
                critical minerals; and
                    ``(D) other technologies that achieve significant 
                carbon emission reductions in low-emissions steel 
                manufacturing, as determined by the Secretary; and
            ``(6) high-performance computing to develop advanced 
        materials and manufacturing processes contributing to the focus 
        areas described in paragraphs (1) through (5), including--
                    ``(A) modeling, simulation, and optimization of the 
                design of energy efficient and sustainable products; 
                and
                    ``(B) the use of digital prototyping and additive 
                manufacturing to enhance product design.
    ``(g) Testing and Validation.--The Secretary, in consultation with 
the Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology, 
shall support the development of standardized testing and technical 
validation of advanced and commercially available steelmaking and low-
emissions steel manufacturing through collaboration with one or more 
National Laboratories, and one or more eligible entities.
    ``(h) Demonstration.--
            ``(1) Establishment.--Not later than 180 days after the 
        date of enactment of the Research and Development, Competition, 
        and Innovation Act, the Secretary, in carrying out the program 
        established in subsection (c), and in collaboration with 
        industry partners, institutions of higher education, and the 
        National Laboratories, shall support an initiative for the 
        demonstration of low-emissions steel manufacturing, as 
        identified by the Secretary, that uses either--
                    ``(A) a single technology; or
                    ``(B) a combination of multiple technologies.
            ``(2) Selection requirements.--Under the initiative 
        established under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall select 
        eligible entities to carry out demonstration projects and to 
        the maximum extent practicable--
                    ``(A) encourage regional diversity among eligible 
                entities, including participation by rural States;
                    ``(B) encourage technological diversity among 
                eligible entities; and
                    ``(C) ensure that specific projects selected--
                            ``(i) expand on the existing technology 
                        demonstration programs of the Department; and
                            ``(ii) prioritize projects that leverage 
                        matching funds from non-Federal sources.
            ``(3) Reports.--The Secretary shall submit to the Committee 
        on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of 
        Representatives and the Committee on Energy and Natural 
        Resources of the Senate--
                    ``(A) not less frequently than once every two years 
                for the duration of the demonstration initiative under 
                this subsection, a report describing the performance of 
                the initiative; and
                    ``(B) if the initiative established under this 
                subsection is terminated, an assessment of the success 
                of, and education provided by, the measures carried out 
                by recipients of financial assistance under the 
                initiative.
    ``(i) Additional Coordination.--
            ``(1) Manufacturing u.s.a.--In carrying out this section 
        the Secretary shall consider--
                    ``(A) leveraging the resources of relevant existing 
                Manufacturing USA Institutes described in section 34(d) 
                of the National Institute of Standards and Technology 
                Act (15 U.S.C. 278s(d));
                    ``(B) integrating program activities into a 
                relevant existing Manufacturing USA Institute; or
                    ``(C) establishing a new institute focused on low-
                emissions steel manufacturing.
            ``(2) Other federal agencies.--In carrying out this 
        section, the Secretary shall coordinate with other Federal 
        agencies that are carrying out research and development 
        initiatives to increase industrial competitiveness and achieve 
        significant net nonwater greenhouse emissions reductions 
        through low-emissions steel manufacturing, including the 
        Department of Defense, Department of Transportation, and the 
        National Institute of Standards and Technology.''.
    (b) Clerical Amendment.--Section 1(b) of the Energy Independence 
and Security Act of 2007 (42 U.S.C. 17001 note) is amended in the table 
of contents by inserting after the item relating to section 454 the 
following:

``Sec. 454A. Low-Emissions Steel Manufacturing Research Program.''.

    Subtitle N--Applied Laboratories Infrastructure Restoration and 
                             Modernization

SEC. 10761. APPLIED LABORATORIES INFRASTRUCTURE RESTORATION AND 
              MODERNIZATION.

    (a) Definition of National Laboratory.--In this section, the term 
``National Laboratory'' means--
            (1) the National Renewable Energy Laboratory;
            (2) the National Energy Technology Laboratory;
            (3) the Idaho National Laboratory;
            (4) the Savannah River National Laboratory;
            (5) the Sandia National Laboratories;
            (6) the Los Alamos National Laboratory; and
            (7) the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.
    (b) Restoration and Modernization Projects.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary shall fund projects 
        described in paragraph (2) as needed to address the deferred 
        maintenance, critical infrastructure needs, and modernization 
        of National Laboratories.
            (2) Projects described.--The projects referred to in 
        paragraph (1) are, as determined by the Secretary--
                    (A) priority deferred maintenance projects at 
                National Laboratories, including facilities sustainment 
                for, upgrade of, and construction of research 
                laboratories, administrative and support buildings, 
                utilities, roads, power plants, and any other critical 
                infrastructure; and
                    (B) lab modernization projects at National 
                Laboratories, including projects relating to core 
                infrastructure needed--
                            (i) to support existing and emerging 
                        science missions with new and specialized 
                        requirements for world-leading scientific user 
                        facilities and computing capabilities; and
                            (ii) to maintain safe, efficient, reliable, 
                        and environmentally responsible operations, 
                        including pilot projects to demonstrate net-
                        zero emissions with resilient operations.
            (3) Approach.--In carrying out paragraph (1), the Secretary 
        shall use all available approaches and mechanisms, as the 
        Secretary determines to be appropriate, including--
                    (A) capital line items;
                    (B) minor construction projects;
                    (C) energy savings performance contracts;
                    (D) utility energy service contracts;
                    (E) alternative financing; and
                    (F) expense funding.
    (c) Submission to Congress.--For each fiscal year through fiscal 
year 2027, at the same time as the annual budget submission of the 
President, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on 
Appropriations and the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the 
Senate and the Committee on Appropriations and the Committee on 
Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives a list 
of projects for which the Secretary will provide funding under this 
section, including a description of each project and the funding 
profile for the project.
    (d) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the activities described in 
this section $800,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027, 
of which, in each fiscal year--
            (1) $640,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for 
        projects at National Laboratories described in paragraphs (1) 
        through (4) of subsection (a); and
            (2) $160,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for 
        projects at National Laboratories described in paragraphs (5) 
        through (7) of that subsection.

      Subtitle O--Department of Energy Research, Development, and 
                        Demonstration Activities

SEC. 10771. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT, AND 
              DEMONSTRATION ACTIVITIES.

    For the purpose of carrying out research, development, and 
demonstration activities and addressing energy-related supply chain 
activities in the key technology focus areas (as described in section 
10387), there are authorized to be appropriated the following amounts:
            (1) Office of energy efficiency and renewable energy.--In 
        addition to amounts otherwise authorized to be appropriated or 
        made available, there are authorized to be appropriated to the 
        Secretary of Energy (referred to in this section as the 
        ``Secretary''), acting through the Office of Energy Efficiency 
        and Renewable Energy, for the period of fiscal years 2023 
        through 2026--
                    (A) $1,200,000,000 to carry out building 
                technologies research, development, and demonstration 
                activities;
                    (B) $1,200,000,000 to carry out sustainable 
                transportation research, development, and demonstration 
                activities;
                    (C) $1,000,000,000 to carry out advanced 
                manufacturing research, development, and demonstration 
                activities, excluding activities carried out pursuant 
                to subparagraph (D);
                    (D) $1,000,000,000 to carry out section 454 of the 
                Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (42 U.S.C. 
                17113);
                    (E) $600,000,000 to carry out advanced materials 
                research, development, and demonstration activities, 
                including relating to upcycling, recycling, and 
                biobased materials; and
                    (F) $800,000,000 to carry out renewable power 
                research, development, and demonstration activities.
            (2) Office of electricity.--In addition to amounts 
        otherwise authorized to be appropriated or made available, 
        there is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary, acting 
        through the Office of Electricity, for the period of fiscal 
        years 2023 through 2026, $1,000,000,000 to carry out electric 
        grid modernization and security research, development, and 
        demonstration activities.
            (3) Office of cybersecurity, energy security, and emergency 
        response.--In addition to amounts otherwise authorized to be 
        appropriated or made available, there is authorized to be 
        appropriated to the Secretary, acting through the Office of 
        Cybersecurity, Energy Security, and Emergency Response, for the 
        period of fiscal years 2023 through 2026, $800,000,000 to carry 
        out cybersecurity and energy system physical security research, 
        development, and demonstration activities.
            (4) Office of nuclear energy.--In addition to amounts 
        otherwise authorized to be appropriated or made available, 
        there is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary, acting 
        through the Office of Nuclear Energy, for the period of fiscal 
        years 2023 through 2026, $400,000,000 to carry out advanced 
        materials research, development, and demonstration activities.
            (5) Office of environmental management.--In addition to 
        amounts otherwise authorized to be appropriated or made 
        available, there is authorized to be appropriated to the 
        Secretary, acting through the Office of Environmental 
        Management, for the period of fiscal years 2023 through 2026, 
        $200,000,000 to carry out research, development, and 
        demonstration activities, including relating to artificial 
        intelligence and information technology.
            (6) Office of fossil energy and carbon management.--In 
        addition to amounts otherwise authorized to be appropriated or 
        made available, there are authorized to be appropriated to the 
        Secretary, acting through the Office of Fossil Energy and 
        Carbon Management, for the period of fiscal years 2023 through 
        2026--
                    (A) $600,000,000 to carry out clean industrial 
                technologies research, development, and demonstration 
                activities pursuant to section 454 of the Energy 
                Independence and Security Act of 2007 (42 U.S.C. 
                17113);
                    (B) $200,000,000 to carry out alternative fuels 
                research, development, and demonstration activities; 
                and
                    (C) $1,000,000,000 to carry out carbon removal 
                research, development, and demonstration activities.
            (7) Advanced research projects agency--energy.--In addition 
        to amounts otherwise authorized to be appropriated or made 
        available, there is authorized to be appropriated to the 
        Secretary, acting through the Director of the Advanced Research 
        Projects Agency--Energy established under section 5012 of the 
        America COMPETES Act (42 U.S.C. 16538), for the period of 
        fiscal years 2023 through 2026, $1,200,852,898 to carry out 
        activities of the Advanced Research Projects Agency--Energy.

                   Subtitle P--Fission for the Future

SEC. 10781. ADVANCED NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGIES FEDERAL RESEARCH, 
              DEVELOPMENT, AND DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Advanced nuclear reactor.--The term ``advanced nuclear 
        reactor'' has the meaning given the term in section 951(b) of 
        the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16271(b)).
            (2) Eligible entity.--The term ``eligible entity'' means 
        each of--
                    (A) a State;
                    (B) an Indian Tribe (as defined in section 4 of the 
                Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act 
                (25 U.S.C. 5304));
                    (C) a Tribal organization (as defined in section 4 
                of the Indian Self-Determination and Education 
                Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 5304));
                    (D) a unit of local government;
                    (E) an electric utility (as defined in section 3 of 
                the Federal Power Act (16 U.S.C. 796));
                    (F) a National Laboratory (as defined in section 2 
                of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 15801));
                    (G) an institution of higher education (as defined 
                in section 101(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 
                (20 U.S.C. 1001(a))); and
                    (H) a private entity specializing in--
                            (i) advanced nuclear technology 
                        development;
                            (ii) nuclear supply chains; or
                            (iii) with respect to nuclear technologies 
                        and nonelectric applications of nuclear 
                        technologies, construction, project financing, 
                        contract structuring and risk allocation, or 
                        regulatory and licensing processes.
            (3) Program.--The term ``program'' means the program 
        established under subsection (b)(1).
            (4) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary 
        of Energy.
    (b) Establishment of Program.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary shall establish a program to 
        provide Federal financial assistance to eligible entities to 
        support the research, development, and demonstration of 
        advanced nuclear reactors.
            (2) Competitive procedures.--To the maximum extent 
        practicable, the Secretary shall carry out the program using a 
        competitive, merit-based review process that is consistent with 
        section 989 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16353).
    (c) Applications.--An eligible entity desiring Federal financial 
assistance under the program shall submit to the Secretary an 
application at such time, in such manner, and containing such 
information as the Secretary may require.
    (d) Priority.--In selecting eligible entities to receive Federal 
financial assistance under the program, the Secretary shall give 
priority to eligible entities that--
            (1) plan to carry out projects at or near the site of 1 or 
        more fossil fuel electric generation facilities that are 
        retired or scheduled to retire, including multi-unit facilities 
        that are partially shut down--
                    (A) to support the productive reuse of fossil fuel 
                electric generation facilities that are retired or 
                scheduled to retire; and
                    (B) to sustain and revitalize communities impacted 
                by the closure of fossil fuel electric generation 
                facilities;
            (2) plan to support nonelectric applications, including 
        supplying heat for--
                    (A) energy storage;
                    (B) hydrogen or other liquid and gaseous fuel or 
                chemical production;
                    (C) industrial processes;
                    (D) desalination technologies and processes;
                    (E) isotope production;
                    (F) district heating; and
                    (G) other applications, as the Secretary determines 
                to be appropriate; and
            (3) have implemented or demonstrated the ability to 
        successfully implement workforce training or retraining 
        programs to train workers to perform activities relating to the 
        research, development, and demonstration of advanced nuclear 
        reactors.
    (e) Cost Share.--Section 988 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 
U.S.C. 16352) shall apply to Federal financial assistance provided 
under the program.
    (f) Authorization of Appropriations.--In addition to amounts 
otherwise available, there are authorized to be appropriated to the 
Secretary to carry out the program--
            (1) $75,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
            (2) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
            (3) $150,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
            (4) $225,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
            (5) $250,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.

TITLE VII--NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION AUTHORIZATION 
                                  ACT

SEC. 10801. SHORT TITLE.

    This title may be cited as the ``National Aeronautics and Space 
Administration Authorization Act of 2022''.

SEC. 10802. DEFINITIONS.

    In this title:
            (1) Administration.--The term ``Administration'' means the 
        National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
            (2) Administrator.--The term ``Administrator'' means the 
        Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space 
        Administration.
            (3) Appropriate committees of congress.--Except as 
        otherwise expressly provided, the term ``appropriate committees 
        of Congress'' means--
                    (A) the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
                Transportation of the Senate; and
                    (B) the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology 
                of the House of Representatives.
            (4) Cislunar space.--The term ``cislunar space'' means the 
        region of space beyond low-Earth orbit out to and including the 
        region around the surface of the Moon.
            (5) Deep space.--The term ``deep space'' means the region 
        of space beyond low-Earth orbit, including cislunar space.
            (6) Development cost.--The term ``development cost'' has 
        the meaning given the term in section 30104 of title 51, United 
        States Code.
            (7) Government astronaut.--The term ``government 
        astronaut'' has the meaning given the term in section 50902 of 
        title 51, United States Code.
            (8) ISS.--The term ``ISS'' means the International Space 
        Station.
            (9) Low-enriched uranium.--The term ``low-enriched 
        uranium'' means uranium having an assay greater than the assay 
        for natural uranium but less than 20 percent of the uranium-235 
        isotope.
            (10) NASA.--The term ``NASA'' means the National 
        Aeronautics and Space Administration.
            (11) Orion.--The term ``Orion'' means the multipurpose crew 
        vehicle described in section 303 of the National Aeronautics 
        and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 
        18323).
            (12) OSTP.--The term ``OSTP'' means the Office of Science 
        and Technology Policy.
            (13) Space flight participant.--The term ``space flight 
        participant'' has the meaning given the term in section 50902 
        of title 51, United States Code.
            (14) Space launch system.--The term ``Space Launch System'' 
        means the Space Launch System authorized under section 302 of 
        the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Act of 2010 
        (42 U.S.C. 18322).
            (15) Unmanned aircraft; unmanned aircraft system.--The 
        terms ``unmanned aircraft'' and ``unmanned aircraft system'' 
        have the meanings given those terms in section 44801 of title 
        49, United States Code.

                        Subtitle A--Exploration

SEC. 10811. MOON TO MARS.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) advances in space technology and space exploration 
        capabilities--
                    (A) ensure the long-term technological preeminence, 
                economic competitiveness, STEM workforce development, 
                and national security of the United States; and
                    (B) offer profound inspirational value for future 
                generations;
            (2) the Artemis missions--
                    (A) will make further progress on advancing the 
                human exploration roadmap to achieve human presence 
                beyond low-Earth orbit to the surface of Mars, as 
                required under section 432 of the National Aeronautics 
                and Space Administration Transition Authorization Act 
                of 2017 (Public Law 115-10; 51 U.S.C. 20302 note);
                    (B) should fulfill the goal of landing United 
                States astronauts, including the first woman and the 
                next man, on the Moon; and
                    (C) should seek collaboration with commercial and 
                international partners to establish sustainable lunar 
                exploration, and should fund any sustainable lunar 
                activities not directly required for the advancement of 
                a human mission to Mars separately;
            (3) in carrying out the Artemis missions, the Administrator 
        should ensure that the entire Artemis program is inclusive and 
        representative of all people of the United States, including 
        women and minorities;
            (4) safe and successful execution of the roadmap to achieve 
        human presence on Mars, including the Artemis missions, 
        requires--
                    (A) a clear strategic vision for achieving lunar 
                and Mars exploration that is shared by NASA, 
                international partners, nongovernmental partners, 
                Congress, and the people of the United States;
                    (B) a well-developed and executable timeline, 
                budget, and mission architecture, to inform decisions, 
                including decisions relating to workforce and 
                infrastructure needs and the development of technical 
                and nontechnical skills;
                    (C) consistent NASA oversight of all relevant 
                exploration activities, enabled by NASA leadership with 
                authority, responsibility, and accountability for 
                decisions and well-developed capabilities for systems 
                engineering and integration;
                    (D) clearly defined roles for NASA, international 
                partners, and nongovernmental partners, including 
                criteria for determining whether NASA should make, 
                manage, or buy key capabilities; and
                    (E) mechanisms to ensure NASA insight into the 
                activities of its international and nongovernmental 
                partners, as required to identify and mitigate risks to 
                mission safety and success.
    (b) Moon to Mars Office and Program.--
            (1) Moon to mars office.--Not later than 120 days after the 
        date of the enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall 
        establish within the Exploration Systems Development Mission 
        Directorate a Moon to Mars Program Office (referred to in this 
        section as the ``Office'') to lead and manage the Moon to Mars 
        program established under paragraph (2), including Artemis 
        missions and activities.
            (2) Moon to mars program.--
                    (A) Establishment.--Not later than 120 days after 
                the date of the enactment of this Act, the 
                Administrator shall establish a Moon to Mars Program 
                (referred to in this section as the ``Program'') in 
                accordance with sections 20302(b) and 70504 of title 
                51, United States Code, which shall include Artemis 
                missions and activities, to achieve the goal of human 
                exploration of Mars.
                    (B) Elements.--The Program shall include the 
                following elements:
                            (i) The Space Launch System under section 
                        20302 of title 51, United States Code.
                            (ii) The Orion crew vehicle under such 
                        section.
                            (iii) Exploration Ground Systems.
                            (iv) An outpost in orbit around the Moon 
                        under section 70504 of such title.
                            (v) Human-rated landing systems.
                            (vi) Spacesuits.
                            (vii) Any other element needed to meet the 
                        requirements for the Program.
                    (C) Direction.--The Administrator shall ensure 
                that--
                            (i) each Artemis mission demonstrates or 
                        advances a technology or operational concept 
                        that will enable human missions to Mars;
                            (ii) the Program incorporates each such 
                        mission into the human exploration roadmap 
                        under section 432 of the National Aeronautics 
                        and Space Administration Transition 
                        Authorization Act of 2017 (Public Law 115-10; 
                        51 U.S.C. 20302 note); and
                            (iii) the Program includes cislunar space 
                        exploration activities that--
                                    (I) use a combination of launches 
                                of the Space Launch System and space 
                                transportation services from United 
                                States commercial providers, as 
                                appropriate, for each such mission;
                                    (II) plan for not fewer than 1 
                                Space Launch System launch annually 
                                beginning after the first successful 
                                crewed launch of Orion on the Space 
                                Launch System, with a goal of 2 Space 
                                Launch System launches annually as soon 
                                as practicable; and
                                    (III) establish an outpost in orbit 
                                around the Moon that--
                                            (aa) demonstrates 
                                        technologies, systems, and 
                                        operational concepts directly 
                                        applicable to the space vehicle 
                                        that will be used to transport 
                                        humans to Mars;
                                            (bb) has the capability for 
                                        periodic human habitation; and
                                            (cc) functions as a point 
                                        of departure, return, or 
                                        staging for missions to 
                                        multiple locations on the lunar 
                                        surface or other destinations.
            (3) Director.--
                    (A) In general.--The Administrator shall appoint a 
                Director for the Program, who shall lead the Office and 
                report to the Associate Administrator of the 
                Exploration Systems Development Mission Directorate.
                    (B) Accountability.--The Director shall have 
                accountability for risk management and shall have 
                authority, as consistent with NASA Space Flight Program 
                and Project Management requirements--
                            (i) to implement--
                                    (I) Program-level requirements; and
                                    (II) an architecture and program 
                                plan developed to meet such 
                                requirements;
                            (ii) to manage resources, personnel, and 
                        contracts necessary to implement the Program, 
                        as appropriate;
                            (iii) to manage cost, risk, schedule, and 
                        performance factors;
                            (iv) to direct and oversee a Program-wide 
                        systems engineering and integration and 
                        integrated risk management function; and
                            (v) to carry out other authorities, in 
                        accordance with Administration policies and 
                        procedures.
                    (C) Responsibilities.--The Director shall be 
                responsible for--
                            (i) developing and managing--
                                    (I) an integrated master plan, 
                                integrated master schedule, and 
                                integrated risk management procedures 
                                for the Program;
                                    (II) a Program-wide systems 
                                engineering and integration function as 
                                described in subsection (c);
                                    (III) plans for technology and 
                                capabilities development;
                                    (IV) logistics support, science 
                                data management, communications, and 
                                other plans that are relevant to the 
                                functions of the Office; and
                                    (V) performance measures to assess 
                                the progress of the Program;
                            (ii) advising the Associate Administrator 
                        of the Exploration Systems Development Mission 
                        Directorate on the development of--
                                    (I) Program-level requirements, 
                                including for a human Mars orbital 
                                mission and a human mission to the 
                                surface of Mars; and
                                    (II) an architecture based on the 
                                requirements described in subclause 
                                (I); and
                            (iii) informing the Associate Administrator 
                        of the Administration on coordination among 
                        NASA centers, as required to most efficiently 
                        achieve the goals of the Program.
    (c) Systems Engineering and Integration.--The Director of the 
Office shall--
            (1) establish within the Office a Program-wide systems 
        engineering and integration function; and
            (2) appoint a manager for such function to manage systems 
        engineering and integration activities across the Program, 
        including with respect to the Program elements described in 
        subsection (b)(2).
    (d) Implementation.--In the implementation of the Program, the 
Administrator shall ensure that--
            (1) for the purposes of reducing risk and complexity and 
        making the maximum use of taxpayer investments to date, in 
        conducting Artemis activities, the Administration does not take 
        any action in regard to the design of the Exploration Upper 
        Stage-enhanced Space Launch System that would preclude it from 
        carrying an integrated human-rated lunar landing system for 
        crewed lunar landing missions;
            (2) the Program maintains a robust series of ground-based 
        and in-flight testing activities, including, with respect to 
        each crewed system design, not less than 1 uncrewed flight 
        test, followed by a crewed flight test, as appropriate, prior 
        to use of the design on a human-rated lunar landing system or 
        Mars mission; and
            (3) human lunar landing missions under the Program, 
        including surface and in-space activities, are carried out 
        solely by government astronauts.
    (e) Study.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment 
of this Act, the Administrator shall submit to the appropriate 
committees of Congress a report detailing--
            (1) progress towards the establishment of--
                    (A) the Office, the Program, and the Program 
                architecture; and
                    (B) the integrated master plan, integrated master 
                schedule, and integrated risk management procedures for 
                the Program;
            (2) performance measures and milestones for the Program and 
        any interim assessment with respect to such performance 
        measures, as practicable;
            (3) initial criteria for determining whether NASA should 
        make, manage, or buy key capabilities within the Program or 
        engage with international partners to access such capabilities;
            (4) strategies to ensure consistent insight into the 
        activities of NASA partners, including nongovernmental 
        partners, as required to identify and mitigate mission risks;
            (5) progress towards the establishment of a systems 
        engineering and integration function; and
            (6) an annual budget profile for resources required to 
        implement the Program during the 5-year period beginning on the 
        date of the enactment of this Act.

SEC. 10812. SPACE LAUNCH SYSTEM CONFIGURATIONS.

    (a) Exploration Ground Systems Infrastructure.--The Administrator 
shall ensure that--
            (1) the necessary elements of a ground system 
        infrastructure are in place to enable the preparation and use 
        of the Space Launch System, specifically the Block 1 (at least 
        70 mt), Block 1B (at least 105 mt), and Block 2 (at least 130 
        mt) variants of the Space Launch System; and
            (2) not fewer than 2 bays of the vehicle assembly building 
        of such ground system infrastructure are outfitted and 
        dedicated to support Space Launch System stacking and 
        preparations.
    (b) Flight Rate and Safety.--After the first crewed lunar landing 
of the Administration's Moon to Mars activities, the Administrator 
shall, to the extent practicable, seek to carry out a flight rate of 2 
integrated Space Launch System and Orion crew vehicle missions annually 
until the lunar activities needed to enable a human mission to Mars are 
completed so as to maintain the critical human spaceflight production 
and operations skills necessary for the safety of human spaceflight 
activities in deep space.
    (c) Mobile Launch Platform.--
            (1) In general.--The Administrator is authorized to 
        maintain 2 operational mobile launch platforms to enable the 
        launch of multiple configurations of the Space Launch System.
            (2) Second mobile launch platform.--
                    (A) In general.--In implementing paragraph (1), the 
                Administrator shall take all necessary steps to develop 
                and complete a second mobile launch platform, to be in 
                place by 2026, to support the first launch of the Block 
                1B variant of the Space Launch System.
                    (B) Requirement.--Such second mobile launch 
                platform shall be sized and constructed to accommodate 
                the Block 2 variant of the Space Launch System.
    (d) Reports.--The Administrator shall submit to Congress--
            (1) not later than 45 days after the date of the enactment 
        of this Act, a report on the steps the Administrator and 
        industry partners are taking--
                    (A) to address the cost, schedule, and performance 
                challenges in the development of the Mobile Launch-2 
                platform; and
                    (B) to ensure that such platform is ready for 
                operational use on a schedule that aligns with the 
                current plans for an Artemis IV launch, which is 
                currently anticipated in 2027; and
            (2) not later than 90 days after such date of enactment, a 
        report that contains a list of the key milestones required for 
        completing each of the Space Launch System variants, and an 
        estimated date on which such milestones will be completed.
    (e) Exploration Upper Stage.--
            (1) In general.--To meet the capability requirements under 
        section 302(c)(2) of the National Aeronautics and Space 
        Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 
        18322(c)(2)), the Administrator shall continue development of 
        the Exploration Upper Stage for the Space Launch System on a 
        schedule consistent with the Artemis IV lunar mission.
            (2) Briefing.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the 
        enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall brief the 
        appropriate committees of Congress on the development and 
        scheduled availability of the Exploration Upper Stage for the 
        Artemis IV lunar mission.
    (f) Main Propulsion Test Article.--To meet the requirements under 
section 302(c)(3) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration 
Authorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 18322(c)(3)), the Administrator 
may initiate development of a main propulsion test article for the 
integrated Exploration Upper Stage element of the Space Launch System, 
consistent with cost and schedule constraints, particularly for long-
lead propulsion hardware needed for flight.

SEC. 10813. ROCKET ENGINE TEST INFRASTRUCTURE.

    (a) In General.--The Administrator shall, to the extent 
practicable, continue to carry out a program to modernize rocket 
propulsion test infrastructure at NASA facilities--
            (1) to increase capabilities;
            (2) to enhance safety;
            (3) to support propulsion development and testing; and
            (4) to foster the improvement of Government and commercial 
        space transportation and exploration.
    (b) Projects.--Projects funded under the program described in 
subsection (a) may include--
            (1) infrastructure and other facilities and systems 
        relating to rocket propulsion test stands and rocket propulsion 
        testing;
            (2) enhancements to test facility capacity and flexibility; 
        and
            (3) such other projects as the Administrator considers 
        appropriate to meet the goals described in that subsection.
    (c) Requirements.--In carrying out the program under subsection 
(a), the Administrator shall--
            (1) to the extent practicable and appropriate, prioritize 
        investments in projects that enhance test and flight 
        certification capabilities, including for large thrust-level 
        atmospheric and altitude engines and engine systems, and multi-
        engine integrated test capabilities;
            (2) continue to make underutilized test facilities 
        available for commercial use on a reimbursable basis; and
            (3) ensure that no project carried out under this program 
        adversely impacts, delays, or defers testing or other 
        activities associated with facilities used for Government 
        programs, including--
                    (A) the Space Launch System and the Exploration 
                Upper Stage of the Space Launch System;
                    (B) in-space propulsion to support exploration 
                missions; or
                    (C) nuclear propulsion testing.
    (d) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this section shall preclude a 
NASA program, including the Space Launch System and the Exploration 
Upper Stage of the Space Launch System, from using the modernized test 
infrastructure developed under this section.
    (e) Working Capital Fund Study.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
        the enactment of this division, the Administrator shall submit 
        to the appropriate committees of Congress a report on the use 
        of the authority under section 30102 of title 51, United States 
        Code, to promote increased use of NASA rocket propulsion test 
        infrastructure for research, development, testing, and 
        evaluation activities by other Federal agencies, firms, 
        associations, corporations, and educational institutions.
            (2) Matters to be included.--The report required by 
        paragraph (1) shall include the following:
                    (A) An assessment of prior use, if any, of the 
                authority under section 30102 of title 51, United 
                States Code, to improve testing infrastructure.
                    (B) An analysis of any barrier to implementation of 
                such authority for the purpose of promoting increased 
                use of NASA rocket propulsion test infrastructure.

SEC. 10814. PEARL RIVER MAINTENANCE.

    (a) In General.--The Administrator shall coordinate with the Chief 
of the Army Corps of Engineers on a comprehensive plan to ensure the 
continued navigability of the Pearl River and Little Lake channels 
sufficient to support NASA barge operations surrounding Stennis Space 
Center and the Michoud Assembly Facility.
    (b) Report to Congress.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
the enactment of this division, the Administrator shall submit to the 
appropriate committees of Congress a report on efforts under subsection 
(a).
    (c) Appropriate Committees of Congress Defined.--In this section, 
the term ``appropriate committees of Congress'' means--
            (1) the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, 
        the Committee on Environment and Public Works, and the 
        Committee on Appropriations of the Senate; and
            (2) the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, the 
        Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure, and the 
        Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives.

SEC. 10815. EXTENSION AND MODIFICATION RELATING TO INTERNATIONAL SPACE 
              STATION.

    (a) Policy.--Section 501(a) of the National Aeronautics and Space 
Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 18351(a)) is 
amended by striking ``2024'' and inserting ``September 30, 2030''.
    (b) Maintenance of United States Segment and Assurance of Continued 
Operations.--Section 503(a) of the National Aeronautics and Space 
Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 18353(a)) is 
amended by striking ``September 30, 2024'' and inserting ``September 
30, 2030''.
    (c) Research Capacity Allocation and Integration of Research 
Payloads.--Section 504(d) of the National Aeronautics and Space 
Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 18354(d)) is 
amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1), in the first sentence--
                    (A) by striking ``As soon as practicable'' and all 
                that follows through ``2011,'' and inserting ``The''; 
                and
                    (B) by striking ``September 30, 2024'' and 
                inserting ``September 30, 2030''; and
            (2) in paragraph (2), in the third sentence, by striking 
        ``September 30, 2024'' and inserting ``September 30, 2030''.
    (d) Maintenance of Use.--
            (1) In general.--Section 70907 of title 51, United States 
        Code, is amended--
                    (A) in the section heading, by striking ``2024'' 
                and inserting ``2030'';
                    (B) in subsection (a), by striking ``September 30, 
                2024'' and inserting ``September 30, 2030''; and
                    (C) in subsection (b)(3), by striking ``September 
                30, 2024'' and inserting ``September 30, 2030''.
            (2) Conforming amendment.--The table of sections for 
        chapter 709 of title 51, United States Code, is amended by 
        striking the item relating to section 70907 and inserting the 
        following:

``70907. Maintaining use through at least 2030.''.
    (e) Transition Plan Reports.--Section 50111(c)(2) of title 51, 
United States Code is amended--
            (1) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by striking 
        ``2023'' and inserting ``2028''; and
            (2) in subparagraph (J), by striking ``2028'' and inserting 
        ``2030''.
    (f) Assessments and Report.--The Administrator shall--
            (1) conduct a comprehensive assessment of the viability of 
        the ISS to operate safely and support full and productive use 
        through 2030, including all necessary analyses to certify ISS 
        operations through 2030;
            (2) not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment 
        of this Act, submit to the Aerospace Safety Advisory Panel an 
        assessment of--
                    (A) the root cause of cracks and air leaks in the 
                Russian Service Module Transfer Tunnel;
                    (B) the certification of all United States systems 
                and modules to operate through 2030;
                    (C)(i) an inventory of spares or replacements for 
                elements, systems, and equipment, including systems 
                certified under subparagraph (B), that are currently 
                produced, in inventory, or on order;
                    (ii) a description of the state of the readiness of 
                such spares and replacements; and
                    (iii) a schedule for delivery of such spares and 
                replacements to the ISS, including the planned 
                transportation means for such delivery and the 
                estimated cost and schedule for procurement of such 
                spares and replacements and their delivery to the ISS; 
                and
                    (D) any other relevant data, information, or 
                analysis relevant to the safe and productive use of the 
                ISS through 2030; and
            (3) not later than 240 days after the date of the enactment 
        of this Act, submit to the appropriate committees of Congress--
                    (A) a report on the results of the assessment 
                conducted under paragraph (1); and
                    (B) a plan to address any recommendations of the 
                Aerospace Safety Advisory Panel, consistent with 
                section 31101(c)(2) of title 51, United States Code, 
                with respect to such assessment.

SEC. 10816. PRIORITIES FOR INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION.

    (a) In General.--The Administrator shall assess International Space 
Station research activities and shall ensure that crew time and 
resources allocated to the Administration for use on the International 
Space Station prioritize--
            (1) the research of the Human Research Program, including 
        research on and development of countermeasures relevant to 
        reducing human health and performance risks, behavioral and 
        psychological risks, and other astronaut safety risks related 
        to long-duration human spaceflight;
            (2) risk reduction activities relevant to exploration 
        technologies, including for the Environmental Control and Life 
        Support System, extravehicular activity and space suits, 
        environmental monitoring, safety, emergency response, and deep 
        space communications;
            (3) the advancement of United States leadership in basic 
        and applied space life and physical science research, 
        consistent with the priorities of the most recent space life 
        and physical sciences decadal survey of the National Academies 
        of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine; and
            (4) other research and development activities identified by 
        the Administrator as essential to Moon to Mars activities.
    (b) Reports.--
            (1) Assessment and prioritization.--Not later than 180 days 
        after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Administrator 
        shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a report 
        on--
                    (A) the assessment; and
                    (B) the steps taken to achieve the prioritization 
                required by subsection (a).
            (2) Space flight participants.--Not later than 120 days 
        after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Administrator 
        shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a report 
        on measures taken, with respect to space flight participants 
        aboard the ISS, to ensure government astronaut safety, to avoid 
        interference in ISS operations and research priorities, and to 
        prevent undue demands on crew time and resources.
            (3) Annual progress reports.--Concurrent with the annual 
        budget submission of the President to Congress under section 
        1105(a) of title 31, United States Code, the Administrator 
        shall provide to the appropriate committees of Congress an 
        annual accounting of the use of Administration crew time and 
        ISS resources, including the allocation of such resources 
        toward the priorities described in subsection (a).

SEC. 10817. TECHNICAL AMENDMENTS RELATING TO ARTEMIS MISSIONS.

    (a) Section 421 of the National Aeronautics and Space 
Administration Authorization Act of 2017 (Public Law 115-10; 51 U.S.C. 
20301 note) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (c)(3)--
                    (A) by striking ``EM-1'' and inserting ``Artemis 
                I'';
                    (B) by striking ``EM-2'' and inserting ``Artemis 
                II''; and
                    (C) by striking ``EM-3'' and inserting ``Artemis 
                III''; and
            (2) in subsection (f)(3), by striking ``EM-3'' and 
        inserting ``Artemis III''.
    (b) Section 432(b) of the National Aeronautics and Space 
Administration Authorization Act of 2017 (Public Law 115-10; 51 U.S.C. 
20302 note) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (3)(D)--
                    (A) by striking ``EM-1'' and inserting ``Artemis 
                I''; and
                    (B) by striking ``EM-2'' and inserting ``Artemis 
                II''; and
            (2) in paragraph (4)(C), by striking ``EM-3'' and inserting 
        ``Artemis III''.

                          Subtitle B--Science

SEC. 10821. SCIENCE PRIORITIES.

    (a) Sense of Congress on Science Portfolio.--It is the sense of 
Congress that--
            (1) a balanced and adequately funded set of activities, 
        consisting of research and analysis grant programs, technology 
        development, suborbital research activities, and small, medium, 
        and large space missions, contributes to a robust and 
        productive science program and serves as a catalyst for 
        innovation and discovery; and
            (2) the Research and Analysis programs funded by the 
        Science Mission Directorate are critically important for--
                    (A) preparing the next generation of space and 
                Earth scientists;
                    (B) pursuing peer-reviewed cutting-edge research;
                    (C) maximizing scientific return from the 
                Administration's space and Earth science missions; and
                    (D) developing innovative techniques and future 
                mission concepts.
    (b) Goal.--The Administrator shall pursue the goal of establishing 
annual funding for Research and Analysis in the Science Mission 
Directorate that reaches a level of not less than 10 percent of the 
total annual funding of relevant divisions of the Science Mission 
Directorate by fiscal year 2025.

SEC. 10822. SEARCH FOR LIFE.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) the report entitled ``An Astrobiology Strategy for the 
        Search for Life in the Universe'' published by the National 
        Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine outlines key 
        scientific questions and methods on the search for the origin, 
        evolution, distribution, and future of life in the universe; 
        and
            (2) the interaction of lifeforms with their environment, a 
        central focus of astrobiology research, is a topic of broad 
        significance to life sciences research in space and on Earth.
    (b) Program Continuation.--
            (1) In general.--The Administrator shall continue to 
        implement a collaborative, multidisciplinary science and 
        technology development program to search for evidence of the 
        existence or historical existence of life beyond Earth in 
        support of--
                    (A) the scientific priorities of the most recent 
                decadal surveys on planetary science and astrobiology 
                and astronomy and astrophysics of the National 
                Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine; and
                    (B) the objective described in section 20102(d)(10) 
                of title 51, United States Code.
            (2) Element.--The program under paragraph (1) shall include 
        activities relating to astronomy, biology, geology, and 
        planetary science.
            (3) Coordination with life sciences program.--In carrying 
        out the program under paragraph (1), the Administrator shall 
        coordinate efforts with the life sciences program of the 
        Administration.
            (4) Instrumentation and sensor technology.--In carrying out 
        the program under paragraph (1), the Administrator may invest 
        in the development of new instrumentation and sensor 
        technology.
            (5) Technosignatures.--In carrying out the program under 
        paragraph (1), the Administrator may support, as appropriate, 
        merit-reviewed, competitively selected research on 
        technosignatures.

SEC. 10823. NEXT GENERATION OF ASTROPHYSICS GREAT OBSERVATORIES.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) NASA's Great Observatories, a suite of space-based 
        telescopes launched over the course of 2 decades and comprised 
        of the Hubble Space Telescope, Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory, 
        Chandra X-Ray Observatory, and Spitzer Space Telescope, have 
        enabled major scientific advances across a broad range of 
        astrophysics disciplines, including with respect to the origins 
        of planets, the formation and evolution of stars and galaxies, 
        fundamental physics, and the structure of the universe;
            (2) the decadal survey of the National Academies of 
        Science, Engineering, and Medicine entitled ``Pathways to 
        Discovery in Astronomy and Astrophysics for the 2020s'' 
        recommends a vision to understand the relationships between 
        stars and the bodies that orbit them by ``looking'' at the 
        universe through a range of observations, including radio, 
        optical, gamma rays, neutrinos, and gravitational waves, in 
        order to understand the origin and evolution of galaxies;
            (3) the United States and NASA are uniquely poised--
                    (A) to lead the world in the implementation of the 
                next generation of Great Observatories, as recommended 
                in such decadal survey, including implementation of an 
                observatory to search for biosignatures of exoplanets 
                in the habitable zone;
                    (B) to address the most compelling scientific 
                questions of the next decade; and
                    (C) to transform not only our understanding of the 
                universe and the processes and physical paradigms that 
                govern the universe, but also the place of humanity in 
                the universe;
            (4) the Administrator should pursue an ambitious 
        astrophysics program that meets the scientific vision of the 
        astronomical community and the transformative capacity of 
        technological innovation; and
            (5) in implementing astrophysics research, in order to 
        avoid the major growth in the cost of astrophysics flagship-
        class missions that has the potential to impact the overall 
        portfolio balance of the Science Mission Directorate, the 
        Administrator should seek to implement lessons learned from 
        previous astrophysics missions, including by--
                    (A) establishing sufficient cost and schedule 
                reserves;
                    (B) demonstrating in advance of preliminary design 
                review, as practicable and appropriate, the maturity of 
                necessary technologies through prototype demonstrations 
                in a relevant environment;
                    (C) providing for regular updates to the cost, 
                schedule, and risk of a project; and
                    (D) considering, as feasible, the impacts of cost 
                and schedule changes across the Science Mission 
                Directorate.
    (b) Nancy Grace Roman Telescope.--
            (1) In general.--The Administrator shall continue 
        development of the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope (commonly 
        known as the ``Roman telescope'' and formerly known as the 
        ``Wide Field Infrared Survey Telescope'') in the configuration 
        established through critical design review, to meet the 
        objectives prioritized in the 2010 decadal survey of astronomy 
        and astrophysics of the National Academies of Sciences, 
        Engineering, and Medicine.
            (2) Cost and schedule.--Section 30104 of title 51, United 
        States Code shall apply to the development of the Roman 
        telescope under paragraph (1).
            (3) Quarterly reports.--Not less frequently than quarterly, 
        the Administrator shall submit to the appropriate committees of 
        Congress a report on the progress of the development of the 
        Roman telescope and the budget profile and schedule relative to 
        the baseline plan for such development.

SEC. 10824. EARTH SCIENCE MISSIONS AND PROGRAMS.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) the Earth science and applications program of the 
        Administration provides increasingly valuable data for natural 
        resource management, agriculture, forestry, food security, air 
        quality monitoring, and many other application areas; and
            (2) a robust and balanced Earth science and applications 
        program contributes significantly to--
                    (A) the scientific discovery and economic growth of 
                the United States; and
                    (B) supporting the health and safety of the people 
                of the United States and the citizens of the world.
    (b) Reaffirmation.--Congress reaffirms the goal for the 
Administration's Earth science and applications program set forth in 
section 60501 of title 51, United States Code, which states: ``The goal 
for the Administration's Earth Science program shall be to pursue a 
program of Earth observations, research, and applications activities to 
better understand the Earth, how it supports life, and how human 
activities affect its ability to do so in the future. In pursuit of 
this goal, the Administration's Earth Science program shall ensure that 
securing practical benefits for society will be an important measure of 
its success in addition to securing new knowledge about the Earth 
system and climate change. In further pursuit of this goal, the 
Administration shall, together with the National Oceanic and 
Atmospheric Administration and other relevant agencies, provide United 
States leadership in developing and carrying out a cooperative 
international Earth observations-based research program.''.
    (c) Earth Science Missions and Programs.--With respect to the 
missions and programs of the Earth Science Division, the Administrator 
shall, to the maximum extent practicable, follow the recommendations 
and guidance provided by the scientific community through the decadal 
survey for Earth science and applications from space of the National 
Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, including--
            (1) the science priorities described in such survey;
            (2) the execution of the series of existing or previously 
        planned observations (commonly known as the ``program of 
        record''); and
            (3) the development of a range of missions of all classes, 
        including opportunities for principal investigator-led, 
        competitively selected missions.
    (d) Earth System Observatory.--The Administrator shall pursue an 
Earth System Observatory, which shall consist of an array of new and 
complementary Earth-observing scientific satellites, instruments, and 
missions--
            (1) to address the recommendations of the 2018 Earth 
        science and applications decadal survey of the National 
        Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine entitled 
        ``Thriving on our Changing Planet'', including by conducting 
        priority observations in--
                    (A) aerosols;
                    (B) cloud convection and precipitation;
                    (C) mass change;
                    (D) surface biology and geology;
                    (E) surface deformation and change; and
                    (F) other observation areas designated as high-
                priority by such decadal survey; and
            (2) to achieve the goal of the Earth Science Program set 
        forth in section 60501 of title 51, United States Code.
    (e) Survey of Use of Earth Observation Data by States, Tribes, and 
Territories.--
            (1) Survey.--The Administrator shall arrange for the 
        conduct of a survey of the use of NASA Earth observation data 
        by States, Tribal organizations, and territories.
            (2) Submission.--Not later than 18 months after the date of 
        the enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall submit to 
        the appropriate committees of Congress the results of the 
        survey conducted under paragraph (1).
    (f) Climate Architecture Plan.--The Administrator shall--
            (1) maintain a comprehensive, strategic Climate 
        Architecture Plan for Earth Observations and Applications from 
        Space that describes an integrated and balanced program of 
        Earth science and applications observations to advance science, 
        policy, and applications and societal benefits; and
            (2) update such plan every 5 years so as to align with the 
        release of the decadal surveys in Earth science and 
        applications from space and the mid-decade assessments of the 
        National Academics of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine.

SEC. 10825. PLANETARY DEFENSE COORDINATION OFFICE.

    (a) Findings.--Congress makes the following findings:
            (1) Near-Earth objects remain a threat to the United 
        States.
            (2) Section 321(d)(1) of the National Aeronautics and Space 
        Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (Public Law 109-155; 
        119 Stat. 2922; 51 U.S.C. 71101 note prec.), established a 
        requirement that the Administrator plan, develop, and implement 
        a Near-Earth Object Survey program to detect, track, catalogue, 
        and characterize the physical characteristics of near-Earth 
        objects equal to, or greater than, 140 meters in diameter in 
        order to assess the threat of such near-Earth objects to the 
        Earth, with the goal of 90 percent completion of the catalogue 
        of such near-Earth objects by December 30, 2020.
            (3) The goal described in paragraph (2) has not be met.
            (4) The report of the National Academies of Sciences, 
        Engineering, and Medicine entitled ``Finding Hazardous 
        Asteroids Using Infrared and Visible Wavelength Telescopes'', 
        issued in 2019, states that--
                    (A) NASA should develop and launch a dedicated 
                space-based infrared survey telescope to meet the 
                requirements of section 321(d)(1) of the National 
                Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act 
                of 2005 (Public Law 109-155; 119 Stat. 2922; 51 U.S.C. 
                71101 note prec.); and
                    (B) the early detection of potentially hazardous 
                near-Earth objects enabled by a space-based infrared 
                survey telescope is important to enable deflection of a 
                dangerous asteroid.
    (b) Maintenance of Planetary Defense Coordination Office.--The 
Administrator shall maintain an office within the Planetary Science 
Division of the Science Mission Directorate, to be known as the 
``Planetary Defense Coordination Office''--
            (1) to plan, develop, and implement a program to survey 
        threats posed by near-Earth objects equal to or greater than 
        140 meters in diameter, as required by section 321(d)(1) of the 
        National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act 
        of 2005 (Public Law 109-155; 119 Stat. 2922; 51 U.S.C. 71101 
        note prec.);
            (2) identify, track, and characterize potentially hazardous 
        near-Earth objects, issue warnings of the effects of potential 
        impacts of such objects, and investigate strategies and 
        technologies for mitigating the potential impacts of such 
        objects; and
            (3) assist in coordinating government planning for response 
        to a potential impact of a near-Earth object.
    (c) Dedicated Survey Mission.--
            (1) Sense of congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
                    (A) the Near-Earth Object Surveyor mission, as 
                designed, is anticipated to make significant progress 
                toward carrying out congressional policy and direction, 
                as set forth in section 321(d)(1) of the National 
                Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act 
                of 2005 (Public Law 109-155; 119 Stat. 2922; 51 U.S.C. 
                71101 note prec.), to detect 90 percent of near-Earth 
                objects equal to, or greater than, 140 meters in 
                diameter; and
                    (B) the Administrator should prioritize the public 
                safety role of the Near-Earth Object Surveyor mission 
                and should not delay the development and launch of the 
                mission due to cost growth on other planetary science 
                missions.
            (2) Continuation of mission.--
                    (A) In general.--The Administrator shall continue 
                the development of a dedicated space-based infrared 
                survey telescope mission, known as the ``Near-Earth 
                Object Surveyor'', on a schedule to achieve a launch-
                readiness date not later than March 30, 2026, or the 
                earliest practicable date, for the purpose of 
                accomplishing the objectives set forth in section 
                321(d)(1) of the National Aeronautics and Space 
                Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (Public Law 
                109-155; 119 Stat. 2922; 51 U.S.C. 71101 note prec.).
                    (B) Consideration of recommendations.--The design 
                of the mission described in subparagraph (A) shall take 
                into account the recommendations of the 2019 report of 
                the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and 
                Medicine entitled ``Finding Hazardous Asteroids Using 
                Infrared and Visible Wavelength Telescopes'', the 
                planetary science decadal survey, and the 2018 United 
                States National Near-Earth Object Preparedness Strategy 
                and Action Plan.
    (d) Annual Report.--Section 321(f) of the National Aeronautics and 
Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (Public Law 109-155; 119 
Stat. 2922; 51 U.S.C. 71101 note prec.) is amended to read as follows:
    ``(f) Annual Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration 
Authorization Act of 2022 and annually thereafter through 90-percent 
completion of the catalogue required by subsection (d)(1), the 
Administrator shall submit to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
Transportation of the Senate and the Committee on Science, Space, and 
Technology of the House of Representatives a report that includes the 
following:
            ``(1) A summary of all activities carried out by the 
        Planetary Defense Coordination Office established under section 
        10825 of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration 
        Authorization Act of 2022 since the date of enactment of that 
        Act.
            ``(2) A description of the progress with respect to the 
        design, development, and launch of the space-based infrared 
        survey telescope required by section 10825(c) of the National 
        Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2022.
            ``(3) An assessment of the progress toward meeting the 
        requirements under subsection (d)(1).
            ``(4) A description of the status of efforts to coordinate 
        and cooperate with other countries to detect hazardous 
        asteroids and comets, plan a mitigation strategy, and implement 
        that strategy in the event of the discovery of an object on a 
        likely collision course with Earth.
            ``(5) A summary of expenditures for all activities carried 
        out by the Planetary Defense Coordination Office since the date 
        of enactment of the National Aeronautics and Space 
        Administration Authorization Act of 2022''.
    (e) Near-earth Object Defined.--In this section, the term ``near-
Earth object'' has the meaning given the term in section 321(c) of the 
National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 
(Public Law 109-155; 119 Stat. 2922; 51 U.S.C. 71101 note prec.).

                        Subtitle C--Aeronautics

SEC. 10831. EXPERIMENTAL AIRCRAFT PROJECTS.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) developing high-risk, precompetitive aerospace 
        technologies for which there is not yet a profit rationale is a 
        fundamental role of the Administration;
            (2) large-scale flight test experimentation and validation 
        are necessary for--
                    (A) transitioning new technologies and materials, 
                including associated manufacturing processes, for 
                aviation and aeronautics use; and
                    (B) capturing the full extent of benefits from 
                investments made by the Aeronautics Research Mission 
                Directorate; and
            (3) a level of funding that adequately supports large-scale 
        flight test experimentation and validation, including related 
        infrastructure, should be ensured over a sustained period of 
        time to restore the capacity of the Administration--
                    (A) to see legacy priority programs through to 
                completion; and
                    (B) to achieve national economic and security 
                objectives.
    (b) Statement of Policy.--It is the policy of the United States--
            (1) to maintain world leadership in--
                    (A) civilian aeronautical science and technology; 
                and
                    (B) aerospace industrialization; and
            (2) to maintain as a fundamental objective of the 
        aeronautics research of the Administration the steady 
        progression and expansion of flight research and capabilities, 
        including the science and technology of critical underlying 
        disciplines and competencies, such as--
                    (A) computational-based analytical and predictive 
                tools and methodologies;
                    (B) aerothermodynamics;
                    (C) propulsion;
                    (D) advanced materials and manufacturing processes;
                    (E) high-temperature structures and materials; and
                    (F) guidance, navigation, and flight controls.
    (c) Experimental Aircraft Flight Demonstrations.--
            (1) In general.--In meeting the objectives described in 
        subsection (b), the Administrator shall carry out experimental 
        aircraft demonstrations, including--
                    (A) a subsonic demonstrator to demonstrate the 
                performance and feasibility of advanced, ultra-
                efficient, and low emissions subsonic flight 
                demonstrator configurations;
                    (B) a low boom flight demonstrator to validate 
                design tools and technologies that can be applied to 
                low sonic boom commercial supersonic aircraft and 
                support the development of a noise-based standard for 
                supersonic overland flight; and
                    (C) a flight research demonstrator to test the 
                performance and feasibility of advanced, ultra-
                efficient and net-zero emissions aircraft concepts and 
                configurations.
            (2) Elements.--For each demonstration under paragraph (1), 
        the Administrator shall--
                    (A) include the development of experimental 
                aircraft and all necessary supporting flight test 
                assets;
                    (B) pursue a robust technology maturation and 
                flight test validation effort;
                    (C) improve necessary facilities, flight testing 
                capabilities, and computational tools to support the 
                demonstration;
                    (D) award any primary contracts for design, 
                procurement, and manufacturing to United States 
                persons, consistent with international obligations and 
                commitments; and
                    (E) coordinate research and flight test 
                demonstration activities with other Federal agencies 
                and the United States aviation community, as the 
                Administrator considers appropriate.
            (3) United states person defined.--In this subsection, the 
        term ``United States person'' means--
                    (A) a United States citizen or an alien lawfully 
                admitted for permanent residence to the United States; 
                or
                    (B) an entity organized under the laws of the 
                United States or of any jurisdiction within the United 
                States, including a foreign branch of such an entity.
    (d) Collaboration With Industry and Academia.--The Administration 
shall seek means to expand collaboration with industry and academia on 
basic research and technology development related to experimental 
aircraft, and on the experimental aircraft demonstrations required by 
subsection (c).
    (e) Advanced Materials and Manufacturing Technology Program.--
            (1) In general.--The Administrator may establish an 
        advanced materials and manufacturing technology program--
                    (A) to develop--
                            (i) new materials, including composite and 
                        high-temperature materials, from base material 
                        formulation through full-scale structural 
                        validation and manufacture;
                            (ii) advanced materials and manufacturing 
                        processes, including additive manufacturing, to 
                        reduce the cost of manufacturing scale-up and 
                        certification for use in aeronautics; and
                            (iii) noninvasive or nondestructive 
                        techniques for testing or evaluating aviation 
                        and aeronautics structures, including for 
                        materials and manufacturing processes;
                    (B) to reduce the time it takes to design, 
                industrialize, and certify advanced materials and 
                manufacturing processes;
                    (C) to provide education and training opportunities 
                for the aerospace workforce; and
                    (D) to address global cost and human capital 
                competitiveness for United States aeronautical 
                industries and technological leadership in advanced 
                materials and manufacturing technology.
            (2) Elements.--In carrying out a program under paragraph 
        (1), the Administrator may--
                    (A) build on work that was carried out by the 
                Advanced Composites Project of the Administration;
                    (B) partner with the private and academic sectors, 
                such as members of the Advanced Composites Consortium 
                of the Administration, the Joint Advanced Materials and 
                Structures Center of Excellence of the Federal Aviation 
                Administration, the Manufacturing USA institutes of the 
                Department of Commerce, and national laboratories, as 
                the Administrator considers appropriate;
                    (C) provide a structure for managing intellectual 
                property generated by the program based on or 
                consistent with the structure established for the 
                Advanced Composites Consortium of the Administration;
                    (D) ensure adequate Federal cost share for 
                applicable research; and
                    (E) coordinate with advanced manufacturing and 
                composites initiatives in other mission directorates of 
                the Administration, as the Administrator considers 
                appropriate.
    (f) Research Partnerships.--In carrying out the demonstrations 
under subsection (c) and a program under subsection (e), the 
Administrator may engage in cooperative research programs with--
            (1) academia; and
            (2) commercial aviation and aerospace manufacturers.

SEC. 10832. UNMANNED AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS.

    (a) Unmanned Aircraft Systems Operation Program.--The Administrator 
shall--
            (1) research and test capabilities and concepts, including 
        unmanned aircraft systems communications, for integrating 
        unmanned aircraft systems into the national airspace system;
            (2) leverage the partnership NASA has with industry focused 
        on the advancement of technologies for future air traffic 
        management systems for unmanned aircraft systems; and
            (3) continue to leverage the research and testing portfolio 
        of NASA to inform the integration of unmanned aircraft systems 
        into the national airspace system, consistent with public 
        safety and national security objectives.
    (b) Sense of Congress on Coordination With Federal Aviation 
Administration.--It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) NASA should continue--
                    (A) to coordinate with the Federal Aviation 
                Administration on research on air traffic management 
                systems for unmanned aircraft systems; and
                    (B) to assist the Federal Aviation Administration 
                in the integration of air traffic management systems 
                for unmanned aircraft systems into the national 
                airspace system; and
            (2) the test ranges (as defined in section 44801 of title 
        49, United States Code) should continue to be leveraged for 
        research on--
                    (A) air traffic management systems for unmanned 
                aircraft systems; and
                    (B) the integration of such systems into the 
                national airspace system.

SEC. 10833. CLEANER, QUIETER AIRPLANES.

    (a) Initiative Required.--Section 40112 of title 51, United States 
Code, is amended--
            (1) by redesignating subsections (b) through (f) as 
        subsections (c) through (g), respectively; and
            (2) by inserting after subsection (a) the following:
    ``(b) Research and Development Initiative on Reduction of 
Greenhouse Gas and Noise Emissions From Aircraft.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Administrator shall establish an 
        initiative to research, develop, and demonstrate new 
        technologies and concepts--
                    ``(A) to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from 
                aviation, including carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, 
                other greenhouse gases, water vapor, black carbon and 
                sulfate aerosols, and increased cloudiness due to 
                contrail formation;
                    ``(B) to reduce aviation noise emissions; and
                    ``(C) to enable associated aircraft performance 
                characteristics.
            ``(2) Goals.--The goals of the initiative required by 
        paragraph (1) shall be--
                    ``(A) to ensure United States leadership in 
                research and technology innovation leading to 
                substantial reductions in aviation noise and greenhouse 
                gas emissions;
                    ``(B) to enhance and expand basic research, and the 
                translation of basic research into applications, that 
                may lead to transformational advances in reducing 
                aviation noise and greenhouse gas emissions;
                    ``(C) to accelerate research and development that 
                contributes to maturing new technologies for reducing 
                aircraft noise and greenhouse gas emissions; and
                    ``(D) to obtain and disseminate associated testing 
                and performance data that facilitates the incorporation 
                of new technologies into commercial aircraft 
                development as soon as practicable.
            ``(3) Objectives.--The objectives of the initiative 
        established under paragraph (1) and the goals described in 
        paragraph (2) shall include--
                    ``(A) as soon as practicable, a reduction of 
                greenhouse gas emissions from new aircraft by at least 
                50 percent, as compared to the highest-performing 
                aircraft technologies in service as of December 31, 
                2021;
                    ``(B) noise levels from aircraft throughout all 
                phases of flight that do not exceed ambient noise 
                levels in the absence of flight operations in the 
                vicinity of the flight route;
                    ``(C) net-zero greenhouse gas emissions from 
                aircraft by 2050; and
                    ``(D) demonstration of new technologies developed 
                pursuant to such initiative on--
                            ``(i) regional aircraft intended to enter 
                        into service by 2030; and
                            ``(ii) single-aisle aircraft designed to 
                        accommodate more than 125 passengers intended 
                        to enter into service by 2040.''.
    (b) Technology Focus Areas.--In carrying out the research and 
development initiative established under section 40112(b) of title 51, 
United States Code, the Administrator shall advance research, 
development, and demonstration projects on promising technologies such 
as--
            (1) advanced subsonic propulsion technology, design, and 
        integration;
            (2) electric and hybrid-electric propulsion, including 
        battery electric and hydrogen fuel cell electric systems;
            (3) airframe concepts and configurations;
            (4) analysis of technology options, including cost-benefit 
        analysis of greenhouse gas and noise emissions reduction 
        technologies;
            (5) analytical tools for system-level and system-of-
        systems-level modeling and integration;
            (6) airspace operations improvements;
            (7) noise emissions reduction; and
            (8) any other effort, as determined by the Administration, 
        that contributes to a sustainable future for aviation.
    (c) Implementation.--In implementing the initiative established 
under section 40112(b) of title 51, United States Code, the 
Administrator shall, to the extent practicable--
            (1) ensure that testing and performance data integrates the 
        results of community acceptance surveys conducted by the 
        Federal Aviation Administration and other relevant studies, 
        including studies on the impacts of new noise effects from 
        novel propulsion systems and from airspace operations changes;
            (2) provide testing and performance data on the 
        technologies described in subsection (b) of this section to the 
        Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration to 
        facilitate the work of the Federal Aviation Administration in 
        identifying new requirements for policy, infrastructure, and 
        administrative capacity necessary to enable the safe 
        integration of such technologies on aircraft;
            (3) pursue partnerships with organizations, current 
        commercial production aircraft providers, academic 
        institutions, small businesses, and new entrants, including 
        partnerships to advance research and development activities 
        related to both regional aircraft and aircraft designed to 
        accommodate more than 125 passengers;
            (4) include universities, academic institutions, and other 
        research organizations in the partnerships described in 
        paragraph (3);
            (5) expand basic research;
            (6) ensure equity in research sponsorship of, and 
        partnership opportunities with, underrepresented students, 
        faculty, and minority-serving-institutions;
            (7) continue to coordinate with the Secretary of Energy on 
        battery technology research;
            (8) make available the research and development carried out 
        under the initiative established under subsection (b) of 
        section 40112 of title 51, United States Code, to help enable 
        an industry-wide shift toward aircraft concepts that reduce 
        greenhouse gas emissions and aircraft noise to achieve the 
        goals and objectives under paragraphs (2) and (3) of that 
        subsection; and
            (9) continue to support research, development, and 
        demonstration of aircraft concepts, including systems 
        architecture, materials and components, integration of systems 
        and airframe structures, human factors, airspace planning and 
        operations, and the integration of related advanced 
        technologies and concepts, with the goal of carrying out test 
        flights with integrated subsystems by 2025.
    (d) Annual Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter, the Administrator shall 
submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a report on the 
progress of the efforts carried out under the initiative established 
under subsection (b) of section 40112 of title 51, United States Code, 
including--
            (1) the status of progress on such initiative;
            (2) an updated, anticipated timeframe for readiness of 
        technologies and aircraft to be adopted by industry with the 
        emissions reduction levels directed under that subsection; and
            (3) an identification of fundamental aeronautics research 
        activities contributing to achieving the goals and objectives 
        of such initiative, as described in paragraphs (2) and (3) of 
        that subsection, and a description of any obstacles to 
        achieving such goals and objectives.

                      Subtitle D--Space Technology

SEC. 10841. SPACE NUCLEAR CAPABILITIES.

    (a) Nuclear Propulsion.--
            (1) Use in robotic and human exploration activities.--The 
        Administrator, in collaboration with other relevant Federal 
        agencies and with industry, shall take all necessary steps to 
        carry out research and development, ground-based testing and 
        in-space testing, and other associated activities to enable the 
        use of space nuclear propulsion in Administration robotic and 
        human exploration activities, including in cargo missions to 
        Mars in the late 2020's and crewed missions to Mars in the 
        2030's.
            (2) Space nuclear propulsion program.--
                    (A) In general.--The Administrator shall establish 
                a space nuclear propulsion program to carry out the 
                activities described in paragraph (1).
                    (B) Elements.--The program established under 
                subparagraph (A) shall include the following:
                            (i) Research and development in both 
                        nuclear electric and nuclear thermal propulsion 
                        technology maturation efforts, to the extent 
                        practicable, and the development of consistent 
                        figures of merit across both nuclear electric 
                        and nuclear thermal systems, as recommended by 
                        the National Academies of Sciences, 
                        Engineering, and Medicine in the report 
                        entitled ``Space Nuclear Propulsion for Human 
                        Mars Exploration'', so as to inform a down-
                        selection of a nuclear electric or nuclear 
                        thermal propulsion system by 2026, or as early 
                        as practicable.
                            (ii) Ground-based testing, to the extent 
                        practicable, including not less than 1 ground-
                        based test of a full-scale, integrated nuclear 
                        propulsion system before any in-space test or 
                        demonstration of such system.
                            (iii) In-space demonstration of a nuclear 
                        propulsion system in the late 2020's, which may 
                        be carried out as a cargo mission to Mars.
            (3) Plan.--
                    (A) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the 
                date of the enactment of this Act, the Administrator 
                shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress 
                a plan to achieve an in-space flight test of a nuclear 
                propulsion system that could support the first crewed 
                mission to Mars in the 2030's.
                    (B) Elements.--The plan required by subparagraph 
                (A) shall include the following:
                            (i) A timeline to mature enabling 
                        technologies and an outline of major milestones 
                        for integration of such technologies into the 
                        larger nuclear propulsion system.
                            (ii) A cost estimate for maturing such 
                        technologies.
                            (iii) A description of facility 
                        requirements for the program under paragraph 
                        (2) associated with such technologies.
                            (iv) A description of the manner in which 
                        the Administrator will use the efforts 
                        described in paragraph (2)(B) to determine 
                        whether the in-space flight test should 
                        demonstrate a nuclear electric propulsion 
                        system or a nuclear thermal propulsion system.
                    (C) An identification of any policy or regulatory 
                challenges or barriers to conducting such in-space test 
                or any precursor ground-based testing, and a 
                description of options for addressing such challenges 
                or barriers.
    (b) Nuclear Surface Power Program.--
            (1) Establishment.--The Administrator shall establish a 
        program for research, testing, and development of a space 
        nuclear surface power reactor design.
            (2) Plan.--
                    (A) In general.--The Administrator shall--
                            (i) develop a plan and timeline for the 
                        program established under paragraph (1), taking 
                        into consideration mission needs; and
                            (ii) include in such plan opportunities for 
                        participation by United States commercial 
                        entities.
                    (B) Submission.--Not later than 1 year after the 
                date of the enactment of this Act, the Administrator 
                shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress 
                the plan developed under subparagraph (A).
    (c) Assessment of In-space Propulsion Testing Facilities.--
            (1) In general.--The Administrator shall carry out a needs 
        assessment for facilities and technical capabilities required 
        to support ground-based testing of a full-scale, full-power 
        integrated nuclear propulsion system.
            (2) Element.--The assessment required by paragraph (1) 
        shall consider the potential development of facilities that 
        will support long-term research and development of space 
        nuclear propulsion systems.
            (3) Report.--Not later than 270 days after the date of the 
        enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall submit to the 
        appropriate committees of Congress a report on the results of 
        the assessment carried out under paragraph (1).

SEC. 10842. PRIORITIZATION OF LOW-ENRICHED URANIUM TECHNOLOGY.

    (a) In General.--The Administrator shall prioritize the use of low-
enriched uranium, including high-assay low-enriched uranium, for space 
nuclear research and development, including ground and in-space testing 
and other related demonstration activities carried out under this 
title.
    (b) Interagency Collaboration.--The Administrator shall, to the 
extent practicable, collaborate and coordinate with the Secretary of 
Defense, the Secretary of Energy, and the heads of other relevant 
Federal agencies on technology development, knowledge exchange, lessons 
learned regarding nuclear power and propulsion technologies, common 
fuels, flight demonstrations, and operational systems production for 
space applications.
    (c) Report on Nuclear Technology Prioritization.--Not later than 
120 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Administrator 
shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a report that 
details the actions taken and planned, including a timeline for such 
actions, to implement subsection (a).

                      Subtitle E--STEM Engagement

SEC. 10851. OFFICE OF STEM ENGAGEMENT.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that NASA's 
inspiring mission, specialized facilities, skilled engineering and 
scientific workforce, and research activities present unique 
opportunities for inspiring public engagement in STEM and increasing 
the number of students pursuing STEM degrees and careers.
    (b) Establishment.--The Administrator shall establish an Office of 
STEM Engagement (referred to in this section as the ``Office'') for the 
purpose of advancing progress toward the STEM education goals of the 
United States by enhancing STEM literacy, increasing diversity, equity, 
and inclusion in STEM, and preparing the STEM workforce for the future.
    (c) Responsibilities.--The Office established shall be responsible 
for coordinating efforts and activities among organizations across the 
Administration, including NASA headquarters, mission directorates, and 
NASA centers, designed--
            (1) to create unique opportunities for students and the 
        public to learn from and contribute to the work of NASA in 
        exploration and discovery;
            (2) to contribute to the growth of a diverse STEM 
        workforce; and
            (3) to strengthen public understanding of science by 
        enabling connections to the mission and work of NASA.
    (d) Portfolio.--The Office shall coordinate and administer--
            (1) the National Space Grant College and Fellowship Program 
        under chapter 403 of title 51 United States Code;
            (2) the Established Program to Stimulate Competitive 
        Research under section 40903 of title 51 United States Code;
            (3) the Minority University Research and Education Project;
            (4) the NextGen STEM Project; and
            (5) any other program or activity the Administrator 
        considers appropriate.
    (e) Technical Amendments.--Section 40903 of title 51, United States 
Code, is amended--
            (1) in the section heading, by striking ``Experimental'' 
        and inserting ``Established''; and
            (2) in subsection (a), by striking ``Experimental'' and 
        inserting ``Established''.

                       Subtitle F--Miscellaneous

SEC. 10861. PROGRAM, WORKFORCE, AND INDUSTRIAL BASE REVIEWS.

    (a) Report on Industrial Base for Civil Space Missions and 
Operations.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
        the enactment of this Act, and from time to time thereafter, 
        the Administrator shall submit to the appropriate committees of 
        Congress a report on the United States industrial base for NASA 
        civil space missions and operations.
            (2) Elements.--The report required by paragraph (1) shall 
        include the following:
                    (A) A comprehensive description of the current 
                status of the United States industrial base for NASA 
                civil space missions and operations.
                    (B) A description and assessment of the weaknesses 
                in the supply chain, skills, manufacturing capacity, 
                raw materials, key components, and other areas of the 
                United States industrial base for NASA civil space 
                missions and operations that could adversely impact 
                such missions and operations if unavailable.
                    (C) A description and assessment of various 
                mechanisms to address and mitigate the weaknesses 
                described pursuant to subparagraph (B).
                    (D) A comprehensive list of the collaborative 
                efforts, including future and proposed collaborative 
                efforts, between NASA and the Manufacturing USA 
                institutes of the Department of Commerce.
                    (E) An assessment of--
                            (i) the defense and aerospace manufacturing 
                        supply chains relevant to NASA in each region 
                        of the United States; and
                            (ii) the feasibility and benefits of 
                        establishing a supply chain center of 
                        excellence in a State in which NASA does not, 
                        as of the date of the enactment of this Act, 
                        have a research center or test facility.
                    (F) Such other matters relating to the United 
                States industrial base for NASA civil space missions 
                and operations as the Administrator considers 
                appropriate.
    (b) Workforce and Modeling and Test Facilities.--
            (1) Review.--
                    (A) In general.--The Administrator shall enter into 
                an arrangement with the National Academies of Sciences, 
                Engineering, and Medicine to carry out a comprehensive 
                review of the workforce, skills-base, and modeling and 
                test facilities of the Administration.
                    (B) Elements.--The review conducted under 
                subparagraph (A) shall include the following:
                            (i) A consideration of the use of emerging 
                        technologies in relevant engineering and 
                        science disciplines and the skills needed to 
                        apply such capabilities to Administration 
                        missions across all mission directorates.
                            (ii) Prioritized recommendations on actions 
                        needed to align the Administration's workforce 
                        with research objectives and strategic goals 
                        and on the improvements and additions to 
                        modeling capabilities and test facilities 
                        needed to meet the Administration's strategic 
                        goals and objectives.
                    (C) Report.--Not later than 18 months after the 
                date of the enactment of this Act, the Administrator 
                shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress 
                report on the results of the review conducted under 
                subparagraph (A).
            (2) Implementation plan.--Not later than 120 days after the 
        date on which the review under paragraph (1) is completed, the 
        Administrator shall submit to the appropriate committees of 
        Congress a plan for implementing the recommendations contained 
        the review.
            (3) Report on nasa infrastructure, workforce skills and 
        capabilities.--
                    (A) Policy and procedure.--
                            (i) In general.--The Administrator shall 
                        develop an Administration policy and procedure 
                        for assessment, not less frequently than every 
                        5 years, of the strategic capabilities of the 
                        Administration, including infrastructure and 
                        facilities, and workforce skills and 
                        capabilities.
                            (ii) Elements.--The policy and procedure 
                        developed under clause (i) shall include 
                        acquiring data and support for Administration 
                        decisions and recommendations on strategic 
                        capabilities, including on infrastructure and 
                        facilities, and workforce skills and 
                        capabilities needed to support the goals and 
                        objectives of the Administration through 2040.
                    (B) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date 
                of the enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall 
                submit the policy and procedure developed under 
                subparagraph (A) to the appropriate committees of 
                Congress.
            (4) Independent program analysis and evaluation office.--
                    (A) Establishment.--The Administrator shall 
                establish within NASA an Independent Program Analysis 
                and Evaluation Office (referred to in this paragraph as 
                the ``Office'') for purposes of independently assessing 
                program performance, making programmatic, technical 
                risk mitigation and institutional recommendations, 
                performing cost estimates and analyses, and conducting 
                strategic planning activities, among other functions.
                    (B) Independence.--The Office shall remain 
                independent of any program, and shall have no 
                programmatic responsibilities, so as to maintain its 
                independent assessment integrity.
                    (C) Activities authorized.--In conducting the 
                functions of the Office, the Administrator may carry 
                out--
                            (i) research on program assessment;
                            (ii) cost, schedule, and technical 
                        estimation; and
                            (iii) other relevant activities for the 
                        purposes of obtaining the highest level of 
                        expertise and the most effective decision-
                        making tools with which to inform the 
                        Administrator.
                    (D) Moon to mars activities.--The Office shall 
                maintain an ongoing, focused effort to assess the 
                goals, objectives, requirements, architectural 
                approach, cost and schedule, and progress of the 
                Administration's Moon to Mars activities.
            (5) International space station.--Not later than 1 year 
        after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Administrator 
        shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress the 
        results of an independent estimate by the Office of the cost of 
        continuing International Space Station operations through 
        September 30, 2030, including--
                    (A) crew and cargo transportation, research to be 
                undertaken reflecting the priorities described in 
                section 10816, and maintenance costs; and
                    (B) opportunities for operational efficiencies that 
                could result in cost savings and increased research 
                productivity and the amount of those potential savings 
                and productivity increases.

SEC. 10862. MODIFICATION OF LEASE OF NON-EXCESS PROPERTY.

    (a) In General.--Section 20145 of title 51, United States Code, is 
amended in subsection (g), in the first sentence, by striking 
``December 31, 2022'' and inserting ``December 31, 2032''.
    (b) Reporting Requirements.--Subsection (f) of such section is 
amended by adding at the end the following:
            ``(3) Annual and cumulative number of leases.--The annual 
        and cumulative number of leases entered into under this 
        section, by National Aeronautics and Space Administration 
        center and facility.
            ``(4) Estimated cost savings.--For each active lease 
        agreement under this section, the estimated cost savings to the 
        Administration resulting from reduced maintenance, operating, 
        and associated costs in the previous fiscal year.
            ``(5) Other quantifiable benefits.--Other quantifiable 
        benefits, including additional cost savings not included under 
        paragraph (4), to the Administration resulting from the use of 
        leases under this section.''.
    (c) Report on Requirements.--Such section is further amended--
            (1) by redesignating subsection (g) as subsection (h); and
            (2) by adding after subsection (f) the following:
    ``(g) Report on Enhanced-use Leasing Requirements.--Not later than 
270 days after the date of the enactment of the National Aeronautics 
and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2022, the Administrator 
shall prepare and submit to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
Transportation of the Senate and the Committee on Science, Space, and 
Technology of the House of Representatives a report on existing 
requirements for applicants seeking a lease under this section, 
including--
            ``(1) any requirement related to the involvement of foreign 
        entities, foreign entity ownership, and foreign entity 
        investment; and
            ``(2) at the discretion of the Administrator, any other 
        requirement related to the protection and security of 
        Administration missions and facilities.''.

   DIVISION C--SUPPLEMENTAL APPROPRIATIONS TO ADDRESS THREATS TO THE 
                   SUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED STATES

     The following sums are appropriated, out of any money in the 
Treasury not otherwise appropriated, for the fiscal year ending 
September 30, 2022, and for other purposes, namely:

                                TITLE I

                         DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE

                     United States Marshals Service

                         salaries and expenses

    For an additional amount for ``Salaries and Expenses'', 
$10,300,000, to remain available until September 30, 2023, for expenses 
necessary to address threats to the Supreme Court of the United States.

                                TITLE II

                             THE JUDICIARY

                   Supreme Court of the United States

                         salaries and expenses

    For an additional amount for ``Salaries and Expenses'', $9,100,000, 
to remain available until September 30, 2023, for expenses necessary to 
address threats to the Supreme Court of the United States.

                               TITLE III

                      GENERAL PROVISIONS--THIS ACT

    Sec. 301.  Each amount appropriated or made available by this Act 
is in addition to amounts otherwise appropriated for the fiscal year 
involved.
    Sec. 302.  No part of any appropriation contained in this Act shall 
remain available for obligation beyond the current fiscal year unless 
expressly so provided herein.
    Sec. 303.  Unless otherwise provided for by this Act, the 
additional amounts appropriated by this Act to appropriations accounts 
shall be available under the authorities and conditions applicable to 
such appropriations accounts for fiscal year 2022.
    Sec. 304.  Each amount provided by this Act is designated by 
Congress as being for an emergency requirement pursuant to section 
4001(a)(1) and section 4001(b) of S. Con. Res. 14 (117th Congress), the 
concurrent resolution on the budget for fiscal year 2022.
     This division may be cited as the ``Supreme Court Security Funding 
Act of 2022''.

            Attest:

                                                             Secretary.
117th CONGRESS

  2d Session

                               H.R. 4346

_______________________________________________________________________

        SENATE AMENDMENT TO HOUSE AMENDMENT TO SENATE AMENDMENT