    [Congressional Bills 117th Congress]
    [From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
    [H.R. 4346 Engrossed Amendment Senate (EAS)]

    <DOC>

                      In the Senate of the United States,

                                                             July 27, 2022.
        Resolved, That the Senate agree to the amendment of the House to
    the amendment of the Senate to the bill (H.R. 4346) entitled ``An Act
    making appropriations for Legislative Branch for the fiscal year ending
    September 30, 2022, and for other purposes.'', do pass with the
    following

            SENATE AMENDMENT TO HOUSE AMENDMENT TO SENATE AMENDMENT:

                In lieu of the matter proposed to be inserted by the
          amendment of the House to the amendment of the Senate, insert the
          following:

    SECTION 1. TABLE OF CONTENTS.

        The table of contents for this Act is as follows:

    Sec. 1. Table of contents.
    Sec. 2. References.

                         DIVISION A--CHIPS ACT OF 2022

    Sec. 101. Short title.
    Sec. 102. Creating helpful incentives to produce semiconductors (CHIPS)
                                for America fund.
    Sec. 103. Semiconductor incentives.
    Sec. 104. Opportunity and inclusion.
    Sec. 105. Additional GAO reporting requirements.
    Sec. 106. Appropriations for wireless supply chain innovation.
    Sec. 107. Advanced manufacturing investment credit.

                      DIVISION B--RESEARCH AND INNOVATION

    Sec. 10000. Table of contents.
    Sec. 10001. Short title.
    Sec. 10002. Definitions.
    Sec. 10003. Budgetary effects.

              TITLE I--DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY SCIENCE FOR THE FUTURE

    Sec. 10101. Mission of the Office of Science.
    Sec. 10102. Basic energy sciences program.
    Sec. 10103. Biological and environmental research.
    Sec. 10104. Advanced scientific computing research program.
    Sec. 10105. Fusion energy research.
    Sec. 10106. High energy physics program.
    Sec. 10107. Nuclear physics program.
    Sec. 10108. Science laboratories infrastructure program.
    Sec. 10109. Accelerator research and development.
    Sec. 10110. Isotope research, development, and production.
    Sec. 10111. Increased collaboration with teachers and scientists.
    Sec. 10112. High intensity laser research initiative; helium
                                conservation program; Office of Science
                                emerging biological threat preparedness
                                research initiative; midscale
                                instrumentation and research equipment
                                program; authorization of appropriations.
    Sec. 10113. Established program to stimulate competitive research.
    Sec. 10114. Research security.

    TITLE II--NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY FOR THE FUTURE

    Sec. 10201. Definitions.

                  Subtitle A--Authorization of Appropriations

    Sec. 10211. Authorization of appropriations.

                        Subtitle B--Measurement Research

    Sec. 10221. Engineering biology and biometrology.
    Sec. 10222. Greenhouse gas measurement research.
    Sec. 10223. NIST authority for cybersecurity and privacy activities.
    Sec. 10224. Software security and authentication.
    Sec. 10225. Digital identity management research.
    Sec. 10226. Biometrics research and testing.
    Sec. 10227. Federal biometric performance standards.
    Sec. 10228. Protecting research from cybersecurity theft.
    Sec. 10229. Dissemination of resources for research institutions.
    Sec. 10230. Advanced communications research.
    Sec. 10231. Neutron scattering.
    Sec. 10232. Artificial intelligence.
    Sec. 10233. Sustainable chemistry research and education.
    Sec. 10234. Premise plumbing research.
    Sec. 10235. Dr. David Satcher Cybersecurity Education Grant Program.

                         Subtitle C--General Activities

    Sec. 10241. Educational outreach and support for underrepresented
                                communities.
    Sec. 10242. Other transactions authority.
    Sec. 10243. Report to Congress on collaborations with government
                                agencies.
    Sec. 10244. Hiring critical technical experts.
    Sec. 10245. International standards development.
    Sec. 10246. Standard technical update.
    Sec. 10247. GAO study of NIST research security policies and protocols.
    Sec. 10248. Standards development organization grants.

            Subtitle D--Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership

    Sec. 10251. Establishment of expansion awards pilot program as a part
                                of the Hollings Manufacturing Extension
                                Partnership.
    Sec. 10252. Update to Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership.
    Sec. 10253. National Supply Chain Database.
    Sec. 10254. Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership activities.
    Sec. 10255. Amendment to the Hollings Manufacturing Extension
                                Partnership relating to institutions of
                                higher education.

                     Subtitle E--Manufacturing USA Program

    Sec. 10261. Supporting geographic diversity.
    Sec. 10262. Expanding opportunities through the Manufacturing USA
                                Program.
    Sec. 10263. Promoting domestic production of technologies developed
                                under Manufacturing USA Program.

             TITLE III--NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION FOR THE FUTURE

                        Subtitle A--Preliminary Matters

    Sec. 10301. Sense of Congress.
    Sec. 10302. Definitions.
    Sec. 10303. Authorization of appropriations.

                           Subtitle B--STEM Education

    Sec. 10311. PreK-12 STEM education.
    Sec. 10312. Undergraduate STEM education.
    Sec. 10313. Graduate STEM education.
    Sec. 10314. STEM workforce data.
    Sec. 10315. Cyber workforce development research and development.
    Sec. 10316. Federal cyber scholarship-for-service program.
    Sec. 10317. Cybersecurity workforce data initiative.
    Sec. 10318. Microelectronics workforce development activities.
    Sec. 10319. Incorporation of art and design into certain STEM
                                education.
    Sec. 10320. Mandatory cost-sharing.
    Sec. 10321. Programs to address the STEM workforce.

                      Subtitle C--Broadening Participation

    Sec. 10321. Presidential awards for excellence in mathematics and
                                science.
    Sec. 10322. Robert Noyce Teacher Scholarship program update.
    Sec. 10323. NSF Eddie Bernice Johnson INCLUDES Initiative.
    Sec. 10324. Broadening participation on major facilities awards.
    Sec. 10325. Expanding geographic and institutional diversity in
                                research.
    Sec. 10326. Diversity in tech research.
    Sec. 10327. Chief Diversity Officer of the NSF.
    Sec. 10328. Research and dissemination to increase the participation of
                                women and underrepresented minorities in
                                STEM fields.
    Sec. 10329. Activities to expand STEM opportunities.
    Sec. 10330. Intramural emerging research institutions pilot program.

                       Subtitle D--NSF Research Security

    Sec. 10331. Office of Research Security and Policy.
    Sec. 10332. Chief of Research Security.
    Sec. 10333. Reporting to Congress.
    Sec. 10334. Online resource.
    Sec. 10335. Research awards.
    Sec. 10336. Authorities.
    Sec. 10337. Responsible conduct in research training.
    Sec. 10338. Research security and integrity information sharing
                                analysis organization.
    Sec. 10339. Plan with respect to controlled information and background
                                screening.
    Sec. 10339A. Foundation funding to institutions hosting or supporting
                                Confucius Institutes.
    Sec. 10339B. Foreign financial support.
    Sec. 10339C. Authorization of appropriations.

                        Subtitle E--Fundamental Research

    Sec. 10341. Broader impacts.
    Sec. 10342. Sense of Congress.
    Sec. 10343. Research ethics.
    Sec. 10344. Research reproducibility and replicability.
    Sec. 10345. Climate change research.
    Sec. 10346. Social, behavioral, and economic sciences.
    Sec. 10347. Measuring impacts of Federally funded research and
                                development.
    Sec. 10348. Food-energy-water research.
    Sec. 10349. Biological Field Stations and Marine Laboratories.
    Sec. 10350. Sustainable chemistry research and education.
    Sec. 10351. Risk and resilience research.
    Sec. 10352. Unmanned aircraft systems technologies.
    Sec. 10353. Accelerating unmanned maritime systems technologies.
    Sec. 10354. Leveraging international expertise in research.
    Sec. 10355. Biological research collections.
    Sec. 10356. Clean water research and technology acceleration.
    Sec. 10357. Technology and behavioral science research.
    Sec. 10358. Manufacturing research amendment.
    Sec. 10359. Critical minerals mining research and development.
    Sec. 10360. Study of AI research capacity.
    Sec. 10361. Advancing IoT for Precision Agriculture Capabilities Act.
    Sec. 10362. Astronomy and satellite constellations.
    Sec. 10363. Research on the impact of inflation.
    Sec. 10364. Microgravity utilization policy.
    Sec. 10365. Recognition of the Arecibo Observatory.

                      Subtitle F--Research Infrastructure

    Sec. 10371. Facility operation and maintenance.
    Sec. 10372. Reviews.
    Sec. 10373. Helium conservation.
    Sec. 10374. Advanced computing.
    Sec. 10375. National secure data service.

      Subtitle G--Directorate for Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships

    Sec. 10381. Establishment.
    Sec. 10382. Purposes.
    Sec. 10383. Activities.
    Sec. 10384. Requirements.
    Sec. 10385. Assistant Director.
    Sec. 10386. Advisory committee.
    Sec. 10387. Challenges and focus areas.
    Sec. 10388. Regional Innovation Engines.
    Sec. 10389. Translation accelerator.
    Sec. 10390. Test beds.
    Sec. 10391. Planning and capacity building awards.
    Sec. 10392. Entrepreneurial fellowships.
    Sec. 10393. Scholarships and fellowships.
    Sec. 10394. Research and development awards.
    Sec. 10395. Scaling innovations in PreK-12 STEM education.
    Sec. 10396. Authorities.
    Sec. 10397. Coordination of activities.
    Sec. 10398. Ethical, legal, and societal considerations.
    Sec. 10399. Reports and roadmaps.
    Sec. 10399A. Evaluation.

                     Subtitle H--Administrative Amendments

    Sec. 10399D. Supporting veterans in STEM careers.
    Sec. 10399E. Sunshine Act compliance.
    Sec. 10399F. Science and engineering indicators report submission.

                 TITLE IV--BIOECONOMY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

    Sec. 10401. Definitions.
    Sec. 10402. National engineering biology research and development
                                initiative.
    Sec. 10403. Initiative coordination.
    Sec. 10404. Advisory committee on engineering biology research and
                                development.
    Sec. 10405. External review of ethical, legal, environmental, safety,
                                security, and societal issues.
    Sec. 10406. Agency activities.
    Sec. 10407. Rule of construction.

                  TITLE V--BROADENING PARTICIPATION IN SCIENCE

                         Subtitle A--STEM Opportunities

    Sec. 10501. Federal research agency policies for caregivers.
    Sec. 10502. Collection and reporting of data on federal research
                                awards.
    Sec. 10503. Policies for review of Federal research awards.
    Sec. 10504. Collection of data on demographics of faculty.
    Sec. 10505. Cultural and institutional barriers to expanding the
                                academic and Federal STEM workforce.
    Sec. 10506. Existing activities.
    Sec. 10507. Report to Congress.
    Sec. 10508. Merit review.
    Sec. 10509. Determination of budgetary effects.
    Sec. 10510. Definition.

                   Subtitle B--Rural STEM Education Research

    Sec. 10511. Definition.
    Sec. 10512. National Science Foundation rural STEM activities.
    Sec. 10513. Opportunities for online education.
    Sec. 10514. National Academies evaluation.
    Sec. 10515. GAO review.
    Sec. 10516. NIST engagement with rural communities.

                        Subtitle C--MSI STEM Achievement

    Sec. 10521. GAO review.
    Sec. 10522. Agency responsibilities.
    Sec. 10523. Research at the National Science Foundation.
    Sec. 10524. Capacity-building program for developing universities.
    Sec. 10525. Tribal Colleges and Universities program.
    Sec. 10526. Definitions.

               Subtitle D--Combating Sexual Harassment in Science

    Sec. 10531. Findings.
    Sec. 10532. Purpose.
    Sec. 10533. Definition.
    Sec. 10534. Research awards.
    Sec. 10535. Responsible Conduct Guide.
    Sec. 10536. Interagency working group.
    Sec. 10537. National Academies assessment.
    Sec. 10538. GAO study.
    Sec. 10539. Authorization of appropriations.

           TITLE VI--MISCELLANEOUS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY PROVISIONS

                Subtitle A--Supporting Early-career Researchers

    Sec. 10601. Early-career research fellowship program.
    Sec. 10602. Authorization of appropriations.

              Subtitle B--National Science and Technology Strategy

    Sec. 10611. National science and technology strategy.
    Sec. 10612. Strategy and report on the Nation's economic security,
                                science, research, and innovation to
                                support the national security strategy.
    Sec. 10613. Quadrennial science and technology review.

                        Subtitle C--Regional Innovation

    Sec. 10621. Regional innovation capacity.
    Sec. 10622. Regional Clean Energy Innovation Program.

                         Subtitle D--Research Security

    Sec. 10631. Requirements for foreign talent recruitment programs.
    Sec. 10632. Malign foreign talent recruitment program prohibition.
    Sec. 10633. Review of contracts and agreements.
    Sec. 10634. Research security training requirement for Federal research
                                award personnel.
    Sec. 10635. Research funds accounting.
    Sec. 10636. Person or entity of concern prohibition.
    Sec. 10637. Nondiscrimination.
    Sec. 10638. Definitions.

      Subtitle E--Coastal and Ocean Acidification Research and Innovation

    Sec. 10641. Short title.
    Sec. 10642. Purposes.
    Sec. 10643. Definitions.
    Sec. 10644. Interagency working group.
    Sec. 10645. Strategic research plan.
    Sec. 10646. NOAA ocean acidification activities.
    Sec. 10647. NSF ocean acidification activities.
    Sec. 10648. NASA ocean acidification activities.
    Sec. 10649. Authorization of appropriations.

                     Subtitle F--Interagency Working Group

    Sec. 10651. Interagency working group.

               Subtitle G--Quantum Networking and Communications

    Sec. 10661. Quantum networking and communications.

                       Subtitle H--Blockchain Specialist

    Sec. 10671. Establishment of blockchain and cryptocurrency specialist
                                position within OSTP.

          Subtitle I--Partnerships for Energy Security and Innovation

    Sec. 10691. Foundation for Energy Security and Innovation.

                   Subtitle J--Energizing Technology Transfer

    Sec. 10701. Definitions.

           PART 1--National Clean Energy Technology Transfer Programs

    Sec. 10713. National clean energy incubator program.
    Sec. 10714. Clean energy technology university prize competition.
    Sec. 10715. Clean energy technology transfer coordination.

     PART 2--Supporting Technology Development at the National Laboratories

    Sec. 10716. Lab partnering service pilot program.
    Sec. 10717. Lab-embedded entrepreneurship program.
    Sec. 10718. Small business voucher program.
    Sec. 10719. Entrepreneurial leave program.
    Sec. 10720. National Laboratory non-Federal employee outside employment
                                authority.

                   PART 3--Department of Energy Modernization

    Sec. 10722. Office of Technology Transitions.
    Sec. 10723. Management of Department of Energy demonstration projects.
    Sec. 10724. Streamlining prize competitions.
    Sec. 10725. Cost-share waiver extension.
    Sec. 10726. Special hiring authority for scientific, engineering, and
                                project management personnel.
    Sec. 10727. Technology transfer reports and evaluation.

                             Subtitle K--Micro Act

    Sec. 10731. Microelectronics research for energy innovation.

        Subtitle L--National Nuclear University Research Infrastructure
                                  Reinvestment

    Sec. 10741. Short title.
    Sec. 10742. Purposes.
    Sec. 10743. University infrastructure collaboration.
    Sec. 10744. Advanced nuclear research infrastructure enhancement
                                subprogram.
    Sec. 10745. Science education and human resources scholarships,
                                fellowships, and research and development
                                projects.

        Subtitle M--Steel Upgrading Partnerships and Emissions Reduction

    Sec. 10751. Low-emissions steel manufacturing research program.

        Subtitle N--Applied Laboratories Infrastructure Restoration and
                                 Modernization

    Sec. 10761. Applied laboratories infrastructure restoration and
                                modernization.

          Subtitle O--Department of Energy Research, Development, and
                            Demonstration Activities

    Sec. 10771. Department of Energy research, development, and
                                demonstration activities.

                       Subtitle P--Fission for the Future

    Sec. 10781. Advanced nuclear technologies Federal research,
                                development, and demonstration program.

    TITLE VII--NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION AUTHORIZATION
                                      ACT

    Sec. 10801. Short title.
    Sec. 10802. Definitions.

                            Subtitle A--Exploration

    Sec. 10811. Moon to Mars.
    Sec. 10812. Space Launch System configurations.
    Sec. 10813. Rocket engine test infrastructure.
    Sec. 10814. Pearl River maintenance.
    Sec. 10815. Extension and modification relating to International Space
                                Station.
    Sec. 10816. Priorities for International Space Station.
    Sec. 10817. Technical amendments relating to Artemis missions.

                              Subtitle B--Science

    Sec. 10821. Science priorities.
    Sec. 10822. Search for life.
    Sec. 10823. Next generation of astrophysics great observatories.
    Sec. 10824. Earth science missions and programs.
    Sec. 10825. Planetary Defense Coordination Office.

                            Subtitle C--Aeronautics

    Sec. 10831. Experimental aircraft projects.
    Sec. 10832. Unmanned aircraft systems.
    Sec. 10833. Cleaner, quieter airplanes.

                          Subtitle D--Space Technology

    Sec. 10841. Space nuclear capabilities.
    Sec. 10842. Prioritization of low-enriched uranium technology.

                          Subtitle E--STEM Engagement

    Sec. 10851. Office of STEM Engagement.

                           Subtitle F--Miscellaneous

    Sec. 10861. Program, workforce, and industrial base reviews.
    Sec. 10862. Modification of lease of non-excess property.

       DIVISION C--SUPPLEMENTAL APPROPRIATIONS TO ADDRESS THREATS TO THE
                       SUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED STATES

    SEC. 2. REFERENCES.

        Except as expressly provided otherwise, any reference to ``this
    Act'' contained in any division of this Act shall be treated as
    referring only to the provisions of that division.

                         DIVISION A--CHIPS ACT OF 2022

    SEC. 101. SHORT TITLE.

        This division may be cited as the ``CHIPS Act of 2022''.

    SEC. 102. CREATING HELPFUL INCENTIVES TO PRODUCE SEMICONDUCTORS (CHIPS)
                  FOR AMERICA FUND.

        (a) CHIPS for America Fund.--
                (1) Establishment.--There is established in the Treasury of
            the United States a fund to be known as the ``Creating Helpful
            Incentives to Produce Semiconductors (CHIPS) for America Fund''
            (referred to in this subsection as the ``Fund'') for the
            Secretary of Commerce to carry out sections 9902, 9904, and
            9906 of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense
            Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 4652, 4654,
            and 4656; Public Law 116-283). Amounts in the Fund to carry out
            sections 9904 and 9906 of Public Law 116-283 shall be
            transferred to and merged with accounts within the Department
            of Commerce to be used for such purposes, except that amounts
            transferred to carry out section 9904 of Public Law 116-283
            shall remain available until September 30, 2025.
                (2) Appropriation.--
                        (A) In addition to amounts otherwise available for
                    such purposes, there is appropriated to the Fund
                    established in subsection (a)(1), out of amounts in the
                    Treasury not otherwise appropriated--
                                (i) for fiscal year 2022, $24,000,000,000,
                            to remain available until expended, of which
                            $19,000,000,000 shall be for section 9902 of
                            Public Law 116-283, $2,000,000,000 shall be for
                            subsection (c) of section 9906 of Public Law
                            116-283, $2,500,000,000 shall be for subsection
                            (d) of section 9906 of Public Law 116-283, and
                            $500,000,000 shall be for subsections (e) and
                            (f) of section 9906 of Public Law 116-283;
                                (ii) for fiscal year 2023, $7,000,000,000
                            to remain available until expended, of which
                            $5,000,000,000 shall be for section 9902 of
                            Public Law 116-283 and $2,000,000,000 shall be
                            for subsections (c), (d), (e), and (f) of
                            section 9906 of Public Law 116-283;
                                (iii) for fiscal year 2024, $6,300,000,000,
                            to remain available until expended, of which
                            $5,000,000,000 shall be for section 9902 of
                            Public Law 116-283 and $1,300,000,000 shall be
                            for subsections (c), (d), (e), and (f) of
                            section 9906 of Public Law 116-283;
                                (iv) for fiscal year 2025, $6,100,000,000,
                            to remain available until expended, of which
                            $5,000,000,000 shall be for section 9902 of
                            Public Law 116-283 and $1,100,000,000 shall be
                            for subsections (c), (d), (e), and (f) of
                            section 9906 of Public Law 116-283; and
                                (v) for fiscal year 2026, $6,600,000,000,
                            to remain available until expended, of which
                            $5,000,000,000 shall be for section 9902 of
                            Public Law 116- 283 and $1,600,000,000 shall be
                            for subsections (c), (d), (e), and (f) of
                            section 9906 of Public Law 116-283.
                        (B) Direct loans and loan guarantees.--The
                    Secretary of Commerce may use--
                                (i) up to $6,000,000,000 of the amounts
                            made available for fiscal year 2022 for section
                            9902 of Public Law 116-283 for the cost of
                            direct loans and loan guarantees, as authorized
                            by section 9902 of Public Law 116-283, provided
                            that--
                                        (I) such costs, including the cost
                                    of modifying such loans and loan
                                    guarantees shall be as defined in
                                    section 502 of the Congressional Budget
                                    Act of 1974; and
                                        (II) these funds are available to
                                    subsidize gross obligations for the
                                    principal amount of direct loans and
                                    total loan principal, any part of which
                                    is to be guaranteed, not to exceed
                                    $75,000,000,000;
                                (ii) up to 2 percent of the amounts made
                            available in each fiscal year for salaries and
                            expenses, administration, and oversight
                            purposes to carry out sections 9902 and 9906 of
                            Public Law 116-283, of which $5,000,000 in each
                            of fiscal years 2022 through 2026 shall be
                            transferred to the Office of Inspector General
                            of the Department of Commerce to oversee
                            expenditures from the Fund; and
                                (iii) up to $2,300,000 of the amounts made
                            available in fiscal year 2022 to carry out
                            section 9904 of Public Law 116-283.
                (3) Assistance for mature technology nodes.--Of the amount
            available in fiscal year 2022 to implement section 9902 of the
            William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act
            for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 4652), $2,000,000,000 shall be
            to provide Federal financial assistance to covered entities to
            incentivize investment in facilities and equipment in the
            United States for the fabrication, assembly, testing, or
            packaging of semiconductors at mature technology nodes under
            subsection (e) of that section, as added by section 103 of this
            Act.
                (4) Allocation authority.--
                        (A) Submission of cost estimates.--The President
                    shall submit to Congress detailed account, program, and
                    project allocations of the full amount made available
                    under subsection (a)(2)--
                                (i) for fiscal years 2022 and 2023, not
                            later than 60 days after the date of enactment
                            of this Act; and
                                (ii) for each subsequent fiscal year
                            through 2026, as part of the annual budget
                            submission of the President under section
                            1105(a) of title 31, United States Code.
                        (B) Alternate allocation.--
                                (i) In general.--The Committees on
                            Appropriations of the House of Representatives
                            and the Senate may provide for alternate
                            allocation of amounts made available under
                            subsection (a)(2), including by account,
                            program, and project.
                                (ii) Allocation by president.--
                                        (I) No alternate allocations.--If
                                    Congress has not enacted legislation
                                    establishing alternate allocations,
                                    including by account, program, and
                                    project, by the date on which the Act
                                    making full-year appropriations for the
                                    Departments of Commerce and Justice,
                                    Science, and Related Agencies for the
                                    applicable fiscal year is enacted into
                                    law, only then shall amounts made
                                    available under subsection (a)(2) be
                                    allocated by the President or
                                    apportioned or allotted by account,
                                    program, and project pursuant to title
                                    31, United States Code.
                                        (II) Insufficient alternate
                                    allocation.--If Congress enacts
                                    legislation establishing alternate
                                    allocations, including by account,
                                    program, and project, for amounts made
                                    available under subsection (a)(2) that
                                    are less than the full amount
                                    appropriated under that subsection, the
                                    difference between the amount
                                    appropriated and the alternate
                                    allocation shall be allocated by the
                                    President and apportioned and allotted
                                    by account, program, and project
                                    pursuant to title 31, United States
                                    Code.
        (b) CHIPS for America Defense Fund.--
                (1) Establishment.--There is established in the Treasury of
            the United States a fund to be known as the ``Creating Helpful
            Incentives to Produce Semiconductors (CHIPS) for America
            Defense Fund'' (referred to in this subsection as the ``Fund'')
            to provide for those requirements that are necessary to carry
            out section 9903(b) of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National
            Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C.
            4653(b)). Amounts in the Fund shall be transferred to and
            merged with accounts within the Department of Defense to be
            used for such purposes. Amounts in the Fund or transferred to
            and merged with accounts within the Department of Defense may
            not be used for construction of facilities.
                (2) Appropriation.--In addition to amounts otherwise
            available for such purposes, there is appropriated to the Fund
            established in subsection (b)(1), out of amounts in the
            Treasury not otherwise appropriated--
                        (A) for fiscal year 2023, $400,000,000, to remain
                    available until September 30, 2023;
                        (B) for fiscal year 2024, $400,000,000, to remain
                    available until September 30, 2024;
                        (C) for fiscal year 2025, $400,000,000, to remain
                    available until September 30, 2025;
                        (D) for fiscal year 2026, $400,000,000, to remain
                    available until September 30, 2026; and
                        (E) for fiscal year 2027, $400,000,000, to remain
                    available until September 30, 2027.
                (3) Allocation authority.--
                        (A) Submission of cost estimates.--The President
                    shall submit to Congress detailed account, program
                    element, and project allocations of the full amount
                    made available under subsection (b)(2)--
                                (i) for fiscal year 2023, not later than 60
                            days after the date of enactment of this Act;
                            and
                                (ii) for each subsequent fiscal year
                            through 2027, as part of the annual budget
                            submission of the President under section
                            1105(a) of title 31, United States Code.
                        (B) Alternate allocation.--
                                (i) In general.--The Committees on
                            Appropriations of the House of Representatives
                            and the Senate may provide for alternate
                            allocation of amounts made available under
                            subsection (b)(2), including by account,
                            program element, and project.
                                (ii) Allocation by president.--
                                        (I) No alternate allocations.--If
                                    Congress has not enacted legislation
                                    establishing alternate allocations,
                                    including by account, program element,
                                    and project, by the date on which the
                                    Act making full-year appropriations for
                                    the Department of Defense for the
                                    applicable fiscal year is enacted into
                                    law, only then shall amounts made
                                    available under subsection (b)(2) be
                                    allocated by the President or
                                    apportioned or allotted by account,
                                    program element, and project pursuant
                                    to title 31, United States Code.
                                        (II) Insufficient alternate
                                    allocation.--If Congress enacts
                                    legislation establishing alternate
                                    allocations, including by account,
                                    program element, and project, for
                                    amounts made available under subsection
                                    (b)(2) that are less than the full
                                    amount appropriated under that
                                    subsection, the difference between the
                                    amount appropriated and the alternate
                                    allocation shall be allocated by the
                                    President and apportioned and allotted
                                    by account, program element, and
                                    project pursuant to title 31, United
                                    States Code.
        (c) CHIPS for America International Technology Security and
    Innovation Fund.--
                (1) Establishment.--There is established in the Treasury of
            the United States a fund to be known as the ``Creating Helpful
            Incentives to Produce Semiconductors (CHIPS) for America
            International Technology Security and Innovation Fund''
            (referred to in this subsection as the ``Fund'') to provide for
            international information and communications technology
            security and semiconductor supply chain activities, including
            to support the development and adoption of secure and trusted
            telecommunications technologies, secure semiconductors, secure
            semiconductors supply chains, and other emerging technologies
            and to carry out sections 9905 and 9202(a)(2) of the William M.
            (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal
            Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 4655 and 47 U.S.C. 906(a)(2)), as
            appropriate. Amounts in the Fund shall be transferred by the
            Secretary of State to accounts within the Department of State,
            the United States Agency for International Development, the
            Export-Import Bank, and the United States International
            Development Finance Corporation, as appropriate, to be used for
            such purposes and under the terms and conditions of the account
            to which transferred.
                (2) Appropriation.--
                        (A) In addition to amounts otherwise available for
                    such purposes, there is appropriated to the Fund
                    established in subsection (c)(1), out of amounts in the
                    Treasury not otherwise appropriated--
                                (i) for fiscal year 2023, $100,000,000, to
                            remain available until September 30, 2027;
                                (ii) for fiscal year 2024, $100,000,000, to
                            remain available until September 30, 2028;
                                (iii) for fiscal year 2025, $100,000,000,
                            to remain available until September 30, 2029;
                                (iv) for fiscal year 2026, $100,000,000, to
                            remain available until September 30, 2030; and
                                (v) for fiscal year 2027, $100,000,000, to
                            remain available until September 30, 2031.
                        (B) Use.--In carrying out this subsection, the
                    Secretary of State may use up to $5,000,000 of the
                    amounts made available in each fiscal year for the Fund
                    for salaries and expenses, administration, and
                    oversight purposes, of which $500,000 in each of fiscal
                    years 2023 through 2027 shall be transferred to the
                    Office of Inspector General of the Department of State
                    to oversee expenditures under the Fund.
                (3) Allocation authority.--
                        (A) Submission of cost estimates.--The President
                    shall submit to Congress detailed account, program,
                    project, and activity allocations of the full amount
                    made available under subsection (c)(2)--
                                (i) for fiscal year 2023, not later than 90
                            days after the date of enactment of this Act;
                            and
                                (ii) for each subsequent fiscal year
                            through 2027, as part of the annual budget
                            submission of the President under section
                            1105(a) of title 31, United States Code.
                        (B) Alternate allocation.--
                                (i) In general.--The Committees on
                            Appropriations of the House of Representatives
                            and the Senate may provide for alternate
                            allocation of amounts made available under
                            subsection (c)(2), including by account,
                            program, project, and activity.
                                (ii) Allocation by president.--
                                        (I) No alternate allocations.--If
                                    Congress has not enacted legislation
                                    establishing alternate allocations,
                                    including by account, program, project,
                                    and activity, by the date on which the
                                    Act making full-year appropriations for
                                    the Department of State, Foreign
                                    Operations, and Related Programs for
                                    the applicable fiscal year is enacted
                                    into law, only then shall amounts made
                                    available under subsection (c)(2) be
                                    allocated by the President or
                                    apportioned or allotted by account,
                                    program, project, and activity pursuant
                                    to title 31, United States Code.
                                        (II) Insufficient alternate
                                    allocation.--If Congress enacts
                                    legislation establishing alternate
                                    allocations, including by account,
                                    program, project, and activity, for
                                    amounts made available under subsection
                                    (c)(2) that are less than the full
                                    amount appropriated under that
                                    subsection, the difference between the
                                    amount appropriated and the alternate
                                    allocation shall be allocated by the
                                    President and apportioned and allotted
                                    by account, program, project, and
                                    activity pursuant to title 31, United
                                    States Code.
        (d) Creating Helpful Incentives to Produce Semiconductors (CHIPS)
    for America Workforce and Education Fund.--
                (1) Establishment.--There is established in the Treasury of
            the United States a fund to be known as the ``Creating Helpful
            Incentives to Produce Semiconductors (CHIPS) for America
            Workforce and Education Fund'' (referred to in this subsection
            as the ``Fund'') for the National Science Foundation for
            microelectronics workforce development activities to meet the
            requirements under section 9906 of the William M. (Mac)
            Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year
            2021 (15 U.S.C. 4656).
                (2) Appropriation.--In addition to amounts otherwise
            available for such purposes, there is appropriated to the Fund
            established in subsection (d)(1), out of amounts in the
            Treasury not otherwise appropriated--
                        (A) for fiscal year 2023, $25,000,000, to remain
                    available until expended;
                        (B) for fiscal year 2024, $25,000,000, to remain
                    available until expended;
                        (C) for fiscal year 2025, $50,000,000, to remain
                    available until expended;
                        (D) for fiscal year 2026, $50,000,000, to remain
                    available until expended; and
                        (E) for fiscal year 2027, $50,000,000, to remain
                    available until expended.
                (3) Allocation authority.--
                        (A) Submission of cost estimates.--The President
                    shall submit to Congress detailed account, program, and
                    project allocations of the full amount made available
                    under paragraph (2)--
                                (i) for fiscal year 2023, not later than 60
                            days after the date of enactment of this Act;
                            and
                                (ii) for each subsequent fiscal year
                            through 2027, as part of the annual budget
                            submission of the President under section
                            1105(a) of title 31, United States Code.
                        (B) Alternate allocation.--
                                (i) In general.--The Committees on
                            Appropriations of the House of Representatives
                            and the Senate may provide for alternate
                            allocation of amounts made available under
                            paragraph (2), including by account, program,
                            and project.
                                (ii) Allocation by president.--
                                        (I) No alternate allocations.--If
                                    Congress has not enacted legislation
                                    establishing alternate allocations,
                                    including by account, program, and
                                    project, by the date on which the Act
                                    making full-year appropriations for the
                                    Departments of Commerce and Justice,
                                    Science, and Related Agencies for the
                                    applicable fiscal year is enacted into
                                    law, only then shall amounts made
                                    available under subsection (d)(2) be
                                    allocated by the President or
                                    apportioned or allotted by account,
                                    program, and project pursuant to title
                                    31, United States Code.
                                        (II) Insufficient alternate
                                    allocation.--If Congress enacts
                                    legislation establishing alternate
                                    allocations, including by account,
                                    program, and project, for amounts made
                                    available under subsection (d)(2) that
                                    are less than the full amount
                                    appropriated under that subsection, the
                                    difference between the amount
                                    appropriated and the alternate
                                    allocation shall be allocated by the
                                    President and apportioned and allotted
                                    by account, program, and project
                                    pursuant to title 31, United States
                                    Code.
        (e) Sequestration.--Section 255(g)(1)(A) of the Balanced Budget and
    Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985 (2 U.S.C. 905(g)(1)(A)) is
    amended by inserting after ``Continuing Fund, Southwestern Power
    Administration (89-5649-0-2-271).'' the following:
                        ``Creating Helpful Incentives to Produce
                    Semiconductors (CHIPS) for America Fund.
                        ``Creating Helpful Incentives to Produce
                    Semiconductors (CHIPS) for America Defense Fund.
                        ``Creating Helpful Incentives to Produce
                    Semiconductors (CHIPS) for America International
                    Technology Security and Innovation Fund.
                        ``Creating Helpful Incentives to Produce
                    Semiconductors (CHIPS) for America Workforce and
                    Education Fund''.
        (f) Budgetary Effects.--
                (1) Statutory paygo scorecards.--The budgetary effects of
            this section shall not be entered on either PAYGO scorecard
            maintained pursuant to section 4(d) of the Statutory Pay-As-
            You-Go Act of 2010 (2 U.S.C. 933(d)).
                (2) Senate paygo scorecards.--The budgetary effects of this
            section shall not be entered on any PAYGO scorecard maintained
            for purposes of section 4106 of H. Con. Res. 71 (115th
            Congress).
                (3) Classification of budgetary effects.--Notwithstanding
            Rule 3 of the Budget Scorekeeping Guidelines set forth in the
            joint explanatory statement of the committee of conference
            accompanying Conference Report 105-217 and section 250(c)(8) of
            the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985,
            the budgetary effects of this section shall not be estimated--
                        (A) for purposes of section 251 of such Act;
                        (B) for purposes of an allocation to the Committee
                    on Appropriations pursuant to section 302(a) of the
                    Congressional Budget Act of 1974; and
                        (C) for purposes of paragraph (4)(C) of section 3
                    of the Statutory Pay-As-You-Go Act of 2010 as being
                    included in an appropriation Act.
        (g) Limitation on Using Amounts for Stock Buybacks or the Payment
    of Dividends.--
                (1) In general.--A person receiving amounts appropriated
            under this section or from a covered fund may not use such
            amounts, as determined using the criteria for eligible uses of
            amounts under sections 9902(a)(4) and 9905(a)(4) of the William
            M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for
            Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 4652(a)(4), 15 U.S.C. 4655(a)(4)),
            the activities under section 9903(b) of such Act (15 U.S.C.
            4653(b)), and the functions under 9906(c)(2) of such Act (15
            U.S.C. 4656(c)(2)) --
                        (A) to purchase an equity security that is listed
                    on a national securities exchange of such person or any
                    parent company of such person; or
                        (B) to pay dividends or make other capital
                    distributions with respect to the common stock (or
                    equivalent interest) of the person.
                (2) Covered fund.--In this subsection, the term ``covered
            fund'' means--
                        (A) the Creating Helpful Incentives to Produce
                    Semiconductors (CHIPS) for America Fund;
                        (B) the Creating Helpful Incentives to Produce
                    Semiconductors (CHIPS) for America Defense Fund;
                        (C) the Creating Helpful Incentives to Produce
                    Semiconductors (CHIPS) for America International
                    Technology Security and Innovation Fund; and
                        (D) the Creating Helpful Incentives to Produce
                    Semiconductors (CHIPS) for America Workforce and
                    Education Fund.

    SEC. 103. SEMICONDUCTOR INCENTIVES.

        (a) Definitions.--Section 9901 of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry
    National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C.
    4651) is amended--
                (1) in paragraph (2)--
                        (A) by striking ``a private entity, a consortium of
                    private entities, or a consortium of public and private
                    entities'' and inserting ``a nonprofit entity, a
                    private entity, a consortium of private entities, or a
                    consortium of nonprofit, public, and private
                    entities'';
                        (B) by inserting ``production,'' before ``or
                    research and development''; and
                        (C) by striking ``of semiconductors.'' and
                    inserting ``of semiconductors, materials used to
                    manufacture semiconductors, or semiconductor
                    manufacturing equipment.'';
                (2) by redesignating paragraphs (5), (6), (7), (8), and (9)
            as paragraphs (6), (8), (9), (12), and (13), respectively;
                (3) by inserting after paragraph (4), the following:
                ``(5) The term `critical manufacturing industry'--
                        ``(A) means an industry, industry group, or a set
                    of related industries or related industry groups--
                                ``(i) assigned a North American Industry
                            Classification System code beginning with 31,
                            32, or 33; and
                                ``(ii) for which the applicable industry
                            group or groups in the North American Industry
                            Classification System code cumulatively--
                                        ``(I) manufacture primary products
                                    and parts, the sum of which account for
                                    not less than 5 percent of the
                                    manufacturing value added by industry
                                    gross domestic product of the United
                                    States; and
                                        ``(II) employ individuals for
                                    primary products and parts
                                    manufacturing activities that,
                                    combined, account for not less than 5
                                    percent of manufacturing employment in
                                    the United States; and
                        ``(B) may include any other manufacturing industry
                    designated by the Secretary based on the relevance of
                    the manufacturing industry to the national and economic
                    security of the United States, including the impacts of
                    job losses.''; and
                (4) by inserting after paragraph (6), as so redesignated,
            the following:
                ``(7) The term `foreign country of concern' means--
                        ``(A) a country that is a covered nation (as
                    defined in section 4872(d) of title 10 United States
                    Code); and
                        ``(B) any country that the Secretary, in
                    consultation with the Secretary of Defense, the
                    Secretary of State, and the Director of National
                    Intelligence, determines to be engaged in conduct that
                    is detrimental to the national security or foreign
                    policy of the United States.''; and
                (5) by inserting after paragraph (9), as so redesignated,
            the following:
                ``(10) The term `mature technology node' has the meaning
            given the term by the Secretary.
                ``(11) The term `nonprofit entity' means an entity
            described in section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of
            1986 and exempt from taxation under section 501(a) of such
            Code.''.
        (b) Semiconductor Program.--Section 9902 of the William M. (Mac)
    Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15
    U.S.C. 4652) is amended--
                (1) in subsection (a)(1)--
                        (A) by striking ``for semiconductor fabrication''
                    and inserting ``for the fabrication'';
                        (B) by inserting ``production,'' before ``or
                    research and development''; and
                        (C) by striking the period at the end and inserting
                    ``of semiconductors, materials used to manufacture
                    semiconductors, or semiconductor manufacturing
                    equipment.''; and
                (2) in subsection (a)(2)--
                        (A) in subparagraph (B)(i), by striking ``; and''
                    at the end;
                        (B) in subparagraph (B)(ii)--
                                (i) in subclause (III), by striking ``and''
                            at the end;
                                (ii) in subclause (IV), by striking the
                            period at the end and inserting a semicolon;
                            and
                                (iii) by adding at the end the following:
                                        ``(V) determined--
                                                ``(aa) the type of
                                            semiconductor technology,
                                            equipment, materials, or
                                            research and development the
                                            covered entity will produce at
                                            the facility described in
                                            clause (i); and
                                                ``(bb) the customers, or
                                            categories of customers, to
                                            which the covered entity plans
                                            to sell the semiconductor
                                            technology, equipment,
                                            materials, or research and
                                            development described in item
                                            (aa); and
                                        ``(VI) documented, to the extent
                                    practicable, workforce needs and
                                    developed a strategy to meet such
                                    workforce needs consistent with the
                                    commitments described in subclauses
                                    (II) and (III);''; and
                        (C) by inserting after subparagraph (B)(ii) the
                    following--
                                ``(iii) with respect to the project
                            described in clause (i), the covered entity has
                            an executable plan to identify and mitigate
                            relevant semiconductor supply chain security
                            risks, such as risks associated with access,
                            availability, confidentiality, integrity, and a
                            lack of geographic diversification in the
                            covered entity's supply chain; and
                                ``(iv) with respect to any project for the
                            production, assembly, or packaging of
                            semiconductors, the covered entity has
                            implemented policies and procedures to combat
                            cloning, counterfeiting, and relabeling of
                            semiconductors, as applicable.'';
                        (D) in subparagraph (C)--
                                (i) in clause (i)--
                                        (I) in subclause (II), by striking
                                    ``is in the interest of the United
                                    States'' and inserting ``is in the
                                    economic and national security
                                    interests of the United States''; and
                                        (II) in subclause (III), by
                                    striking ``and'' at the end;
                                (ii) in clause (ii)(IV), by striking
                            ``and'' at the end;
                                (iii) by redesignating clause (iii) as
                            clause (v); and
                                (iv) by inserting after clause (ii) the
                            following:
                                ``(iii) the Secretary shall consider the
                            type of semiconductor technology produced by
                            the covered entity and whether that
                            semiconductor technology advances the economic
                            and national security interests of the United
                            States;
                                ``(iv) the Secretary may not approve an
                            application, unless the covered entity provides
                            a plan that does not use Federal financial
                            assistance to assist efforts to physically
                            relocate existing facility infrastructure to
                            another jurisdiction within the United States,
                            unless the project is in the interest of the
                            United States; and'';
                        (E) by redesignating subparagraph (D) as
                    subparagraph (E); and
                        (F) by inserting after subparagraph (C) the
                    following:
                        ``(D) Priority.--In awarding Federal financial
                    assistance to covered entities under this subsection,
                    the Secretary shall--
                                ``(i) give priority to ensuring that a
                            covered entity receiving financial assistance
                            will--
                                        ``(I) manufacture semiconductors
                                    necessary to address gaps and
                                    vulnerabilities in the domestic supply
                                    chain across a diverse range of
                                    technology and process nodes; and
                                        ``(II) provide a secure supply of
                                    semiconductors necessary for the
                                    national security, manufacturing,
                                    critical infrastructure, and technology
                                    leadership of the United States and
                                    other essential elements of the economy
                                    of the United States; and
                                ``(ii) ensure that the assistance is
                            awarded to covered entities for both advanced
                            and mature technology nodes to meet the
                            priorities described in clause (i).'';
                (3) in subsection (a)(4)(A), by striking ``used for
            semiconductors'' and inserting ``used for the purposes'';
                (4) in subsection (a)(5)--
                        (A) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``major'';
                        (B) in subparagraph (D), by striking ``major''; and
                        (C) in subparagraph (E)(i), by striking ``major'';
                (5) by inserting after subsection (a)(5) the following:
                ``(6) Expansion clawback.--
                        ``(A) Definition of legacy semiconductor.--
                                ``(i) In general.--In this paragraph, the
                            term `legacy semiconductor'--
                                        ``(I) includes--
                                                ``(aa) a semiconductor
                                            technology that is of the 28
                                            nanometer generation or older
                                            for logic;
                                                ``(bb) with respect to
                                            memory technology, analog
                                            technology, packaging
                                            technology, and any other
                                            relevant technology, any legacy
                                            generation of semiconductor
                                            technology relative to the
                                            generation described in item
                                            (aa), as determined by the
                                            Secretary, in consultation with
                                            the Secretary of Defense and
                                            the Director of National
                                            Intelligence; and
                                                ``(cc) any additional
                                            semiconductor technology
                                            identified by the Secretary in
                                            a public notice issued under
                                            clause (ii); and
                                        ``(II) does not include a
                                    semiconductor that is critical to
                                    national security, as determined by the
                                    Secretary, in consultation with the
                                    Secretary of Defense and the Director
                                    of National Intelligence.
                                ``(ii) Updates.--Not later than 2 years
                            after the date of enactment of the CHIPS Act of
                            2022, and not less frequently than once every 2
                            years thereafter for the 8-year period after
                            the last award under this section is made, the
                            Secretary, after public notice and an
                            opportunity for comment and if applicable and
                            necessary, shall issue a public notice
                            identifying any additional semiconductor
                            technology included in the meaning of the term
                            `legacy semiconductor' under clause (i).
                                ``(iii) Functions of the secretary.--The
                            functions of the Secretary under this paragraph
                            shall not be subject to sections 551, 553
                            through 559, and 701 through 706 of title 5,
                            United States Code.
                                ``(iv) Consultation.--In carrying out
                            clause (ii), the Secretary shall consult with
                            the Director of National Intelligence and the
                            Secretary of Defense.
                                ``(v) Considerations.--In carrying out
                            clause (ii), the Secretary shall consider--
                                        ``(I) state-of-the-art
                                    semiconductor technologies in the
                                    United States and internationally,
                                    including in foreign countries of
                                    concern; and
                                        ``(II) consistency with export
                                    controls relating to semiconductors.
                        ``(B) Definition of semiconductor manufacturing.--
                    In this paragraph, the term `semiconductor
                    manufacturing'--
                                ``(i) has the meaning given the term by the
                            Secretary, in consultation with the Secretary
                            of Defense and the Director of National
                            Intelligence; and
                                ``(ii) includes front-end semiconductor
                            fabrication.
                        ``(C) Required agreement.--
                                ``(i) In general.--On or before the date on
                            which the Secretary awards Federal financial
                            assistance to a covered entity under this
                            section, the covered entity shall enter into an
                            agreement with the Secretary specifying that,
                            during the 10-year period beginning on the date
                            of the award, subject to clause (ii), the
                            covered entity may not engage in any
                            significant transaction, as defined in the
                            agreement, involving the material expansion of
                            semiconductor manufacturing capacity in the
                            People's Republic of China or any other foreign
                            country of concern.
                                ``(ii) Exceptions.--The prohibition in the
                            agreement required under clause (i) shall not
                            apply to--
                                        ``(I) existing facilities or
                                    equipment of a covered entity for
                                    manufacturing legacy semiconductors; or
                                        ``(II) significant transactions
                                    involving the material expansion of
                                    semiconductor manufacturing capacity
                                    that--
                                                ``(aa) produces legacy
                                            semiconductors; and
                                                ``(bb) predominately serves
                                            the market of a foreign country
                                            of concern.
                                ``(iii) Affiliated group.--For the purpose
                            of applying the requirements in an agreement
                            required under clause (i), a covered entity
                            shall include the covered entity receiving
                            financial assistance under this section, as
                            well as any member of the covered entity's
                            affiliated group under section 1504(a) of the
                            Internal Revenue Code of 1986, without regard
                            to section 1504(b)(3) of such Code.
                        ``(D) Notification requirements.--During the
                    applicable term of the agreement of a covered entity
                    required under subparagraph (C)(i), the covered entity
                    shall notify the Secretary of any planned significant
                    transactions of the covered entity involving the
                    material expansion of semiconductor manufacturing
                    capacity in the People's Republic of China or any other
                    foreign country of concern.
                        ``(E) Violation of agreement.--
                                ``(i) Notification to covered entities.--
                            Not later than 90 days after the date of
                            receipt of a notification described in
                            subparagraph (D) from a covered entity, the
                            Secretary, in consultation with the Secretary
                            of Defense and the Director of National
                            Intelligence, shall--
                                        ``(I) determine whether the
                                    significant transaction described in
                                    the notification would be a violation
                                    of the agreement of the covered entity
                                    required under subparagraph (C)(i); and
                                        ``(II) notify the covered entity of
                                    the Secretary's decision under
                                    subclause (I).
                                ``(ii) Opportunity to remedy.--Upon a
                            notification under clause (i)(II) that a
                            planned significant transaction of a covered
                            entity is a violation of the agreement of the
                            covered entity required under subparagraph
                            (C)(i), the Secretary shall--
                                        ``(I) immediately request from the
                                    covered entity tangible proof that the
                                    planned significant transaction has
                                    ceased or been abandoned; and
                                        ``(II) provide the covered entity
                                    45 days to produce and provide to the
                                    Secretary the tangible proof described
                                    in subclause (I).
                                ``(iii) Failure by the covered entity to
                            cease or remedy the activity.--Subject to
                            clause (iv), if a covered entity fails to
                            remedy a violation as set forth under clause
                            (ii), the Secretary shall recover the full
                            amount of the Federal financial assistance
                            provided to the covered entity under this
                            section.
                                ``(iv) Mitigation.--If the Secretary, in
                            consultation with the Secretary of Defense and
                            the Director of National Intelligence,
                            determines that a covered entity planning a
                            significant transaction that would violate the
                            agreement required under subparagraph (C)(i)
                            could take measures in connection with the
                            transaction to mitigate any risk to national
                            security, the Secretary--
                                        ``(I) may negotiate, enter into,
                                    and enforce any agreement or condition
                                    for the mitigation; and,
                                        ``(II) waive the recovery
                                    requirement under clause (iii).
                        ``(F) Submission of records.--
                                ``(i) In general.--The Secretary may
                            request from a covered entity records and other
                            necessary information to review the compliance
                            of the covered entity with the agreement
                            required under subparagraph (C)(i).
                                ``(ii) Eligibility.--In order to be
                            eligible for Federal financial assistance under
                            this section, a covered entity shall agree to
                            provide records and other necessary information
                            requested by the Secretary under clause (i).
                        ``(G) Confidentiality of records.--
                                ``(i) In general.--Subject to clause (ii),
                            any information derived from records or
                            necessary information disclosed by a covered
                            entity to the Secretary under this section--
                                        ``(I) shall be exempt from
                                    disclosure under section 552(b)(3) of
                                    title 5, United States Code; and
                                        ``(II) shall not be made public.
                                ``(ii) Exceptions.--Clause (i) shall not
                            prevent the disclosure of any of the following
                            by the Secretary:
                                        ``(I) Information relevant to any
                                    administrative or judicial action or
                                    proceeding.
                                        ``(II) Information that a covered
                                    entity has consented to be disclosed to
                                    third parties.
                                        ``(III) Information necessary to
                                    fulfill the requirement of the
                                    congressional notification under
                                    subparagraph (H).
                        ``(H) Congressional notification.--Not later than
                    60 days after the date on which the Secretary finds a
                    violation by a covered entity of an agreement required
                    under subparagraph (C)(i), and after providing the
                    covered entity with an opportunity to provide
                    information in response to that finding, the Secretary
                    shall provide to the appropriate Committees of
                    Congress--
                                ``(i) a notification of the violation;
                                ``(ii) a brief description of how the
                            Secretary determined the covered entity to be
                            in violation; and
                                ``(iii) a summary of any actions or planned
                            actions by the Secretary in response to the
                            violation.
                        ``(I) Regulations.--The Secretary may issue
                    regulations implementing this paragraph.''; and
                (6) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(d) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that, in
    carrying out subsection (a), the Secretary should allocate funds in a
    manner that--
                ``(1) strengthens the security and resilience of the
            semiconductor supply chain, including by mitigating gaps and
            vulnerabilities;
                ``(2) provides a supply of secure semiconductors relevant
            for national security;
                ``(3) strengthens the leadership of the United States in
            semiconductor technology;
                ``(4) grows the economy of the United States and supports
            job creation in the United States;
                ``(5) bolsters the semiconductor and skilled technical
            workforces in the United States;
                ``(6) promotes the inclusion of economically disadvantaged
            individuals and small businesses; and
                ``(7) improves the resiliency of the semiconductor supply
            chains of critical manufacturing industries.
        ``(e) Additional Assistance for Mature Technology Nodes.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall establish within the
            program established under subsection (a) an additional program
            that provides Federal financial assistance to covered entities
            to incentivize investment in facilities and equipment in the
            United States for the fabrication, assembly, testing, or
            packaging of semiconductors at mature technology nodes.
                ``(2) Eligibility and requirements.--In order for an entity
            to qualify to receive Federal financial assistance under this
            subsection, the covered entity shall agree to--
                        ``(A) submit an application under subsection
                    (a)(2)(A);
                        ``(B) meet the eligibility requirements under
                    subsection (a)(2)(B);
                        ``(C)(i) provide equipment or materials for the
                    fabrication, assembly, testing, or packaging of
                    semiconductors at mature technology nodes in the United
                    States; or
                        ``(ii) fabricate, assemble using packaging, or test
                    semiconductors at mature technology nodes in the United
                    States;
                        ``(D) commit to using any Federal financial
                    assistance received under this section to increase the
                    production of semiconductors at mature technology
                    nodes; and
                        ``(E) be subject to the considerations described in
                    subsection (a)(2)(C).
                ``(3) Procedures.--In granting Federal financial assistance
            to covered entities under this subsection, the Secretary may
            use the procedures established under subsection (a).
                ``(4) Considerations.--In addition to the considerations
            described in subsection (a)(2)(C), in granting Federal
            financial assistance under this subsection, the Secretary may
            consider whether a covered entity produces or supplies
            equipment or materials used in the fabrication, assembly,
            testing, or packaging of semiconductors at mature technology
            nodes that are necessary to support a critical manufacturing
            industry.
                ``(5) Priority.--In awarding Federal financial assistance
            to covered entities under this subsection, the Secretary shall
            give priority to covered entities that support the resiliency
            of semiconductor supply chains for critical manufacturing
            industries in the United States.
                ``(6) Authorization of appropriations.--There are
            authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out
            this subsection $2,000,000,000, which shall remain available
            until expended.
        ``(f) Construction Projects.--Section 602 of the Public Works and
    Economic Development Act of 1965 (42 U.S.C. 3212) shall apply to a
    construction project that receives financial assistance from the
    Secretary under this section.
        ``(g) Loans and Loan Guarantees.--
                ``(1) In general.--Subject to the requirements of
            subsection (a) and this subsection, the Secretary may make or
            guarantee loans to covered entities as financial assistance
            under this section.
                ``(2) Conditions.--The Secretary may select eligible
            projects to receive loans or loan guarantees under this
            subsection if the Secretary determines that--
                        ``(A) the covered entity--
                                ``(i) has a reasonable prospect of repaying
                            the principal and interest on the loan; and
                                ``(ii) has met such other criteria as may
                            be established and published by the Secretary;
                            and
                        ``(B) the amount of the loan (when combined with
                    amounts available to the loan recipient from other
                    sources) will be sufficient to carry out the project.
                ``(3) Reasonable prospect of repayment.--The Secretary
            shall base a determination of whether there is a reasonable
            prospect of repayment of the principal and interest on a loan
            under paragraph (2)(A)(i) on a comprehensive evaluation of
            whether the covered entity has a reasonable prospect of
            repaying the principal and interest, including, as applicable,
            an evaluation of--
                        ``(A) the strength of the contractual terms of the
                    project the covered entity plans to perform (if
                    commercially reasonably available);
                        ``(B) the forecast of noncontractual cash flows
                    supported by market projections from reputable sources,
                    as determined by the Secretary;
                        ``(C) cash sweeps and other structure enhancements;
                        ``(D) the projected financial strength of the
                    covered entity--
                                ``(i) at the time of loan close; and
                                ``(ii) throughout the loan term after the
                            project is completed;
                        ``(E) the financial strength of the investors and
                    strategic partners of the covered entity, if
                    applicable;
                        ``(F) other financial metrics and analyses that the
                    private lending community and nationally recognized
                    credit rating agencies rely on, as determined
                    appropriate by the Secretary; and
                        ``(G) such other criteria the Secretary may
                    determine relevant.
                ``(4) Rates, terms, and repayments of loans.--A loan
            provided under this subsection--
                        ``(A) shall have an interest rate that does not
                    exceed a level that the Secretary determines
                    appropriate, taking into account, as of the date on
                    which the loan is made, the cost of funds to the
                    Department of the Treasury for obligations of
                    comparable maturity; and
                        ``(B) shall have a term of not more than 25 years.
                ``(5) Additional terms.--A loan or guarantee provided under
            this subsection may include any other terms and conditions that
            the Secretary determines to be appropriate.
                ``(6) Responsible lender.--No loan may be guaranteed under
            this subsection, unless the Secretary determines that--
                        ``(A) the lender is responsible; and
                        ``(B) adequate provision is made for servicing the
                    loan on reasonable terms and protecting the financial
                    interest of the United States.
                ``(7) Advanced budget authority.--New loans may not be
            obligated and new loan guarantees may not be committed to under
            this subsection, unless appropriations of budget authority to
            cover the costs of such loans and loan guarantees are made in
            advance in accordance with section 504(b) of the Federal Credit
            Reform Act of 1990 (2 U.S.C. 661c(b)).
                ``(8) Continued oversight.--The loan agreement for a loan
            guaranteed under this subsection shall provide that no
            provision of the loan agreement may be amended of waived
            without the consent of the Secretary.
        ``(h) Oversight.--Not later than 4 years after disbursement of the
    first financial award under subsection (a), the Inspector General of
    the Department of Commerce shall audit the program under this section
    to assess--
                ``(1) whether the eligibility requirements for covered
            entities receiving financial assistance under the program are
            met;
                ``(2) whether eligible entities use the financial
            assistance received under the program in accordance with the
            requirements of this section;
                ``(3) whether the covered entities receiving financial
            assistance under this program have carried out the commitments
            made to worker and community investment under subsection
            (a)(2)(B)(ii)(II) by the target date for completion set by the
            Secretary under subsection (a)(5)(A);
                ``(4) whether the required agreement entered into by
            covered entities and the Secretary under subsection
            (a)(6)(C)(i), including the notification process, has been
            carried out to provide covered entities sufficient guidance
            about a violation of the required agreement;
                ``(5) whether the Secretary has provided timely
            Congressional notification about violations of the required
            agreement under subsection (a)(6)(C)(i), including the required
            information on how the Secretary reached a determination of
            whether a covered entity was in violation under subsection
            (a)(6)(E); and
                ``(6) whether the Secretary has sufficiently reviewed any
            covered entity engaging in a listed exception under subsection
            (a)(6)(C)(ii).
        ``(i) Prohibition on Use of Funds.--No funds made available under
    this section may be used to construct, modify, or improve a facility
    outside of the United States.''.
        (c) Advanced Microelectronics Research and Development.--Section
    9906 of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization
    Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 4656) is amended--
                (1) in subsection (a)(3)(A)(ii)--
                        (A) in subclause (II), by inserting ``, including
                    for technologies based on organic and inorganic
                    materials'' after ``components''; and
                        (B) in subclause (V), by striking ``and supply
                    chain integrity'' and inserting ``supply chain
                    integrity, and workforce development'';
                (2) in subsection (c)--
                        (A) in paragraph (1)--
                                (i) by inserting ``and grow the domestic
                            semiconductor workforce'' after ``prototyping
                            of advanced semiconductor technology''; and
                                (ii) by adding at the end the following:
                            ``The Secretary may make financial assistance
                            awards, including construction awards, in
                            support of the national semiconductor
                            technology center.''; and
                        (B) in paragraph (2)--
                                (i) in subparagraph (B), by inserting ``and
                            capitalize'' before ``an investment fund''; and
                                (ii) by striking subparagraph (C) and
                            inserting the following:
                        ``(C) To work with the Secretary of Labor, the
                    Director of the National Science Foundation, the
                    Secretary of Energy, the private sector, institutions
                    of higher education, and workforce training entities to
                    incentivize and expand geographically diverse
                    participation in graduate, undergraduate, and community
                    college programs relevant to microelectronics,
                    including through--
                                ``(i) the development and dissemination of
                            curricula and research training experiences;
                            and
                                ``(ii) the development of workforce
                            training programs and apprenticeships in
                            advanced microelectronic design, research,
                            fabrication, and packaging capabilities.'';
                (3) in subsection (d)--
                        (A) by striking ``the Manufacturing USA institute''
                    and inserting ``a Manufacturing USA institute''; and
                        (B) by adding at the end the following: ``The
                    Director may make financial assistance awards,
                    including construction awards, in support of the
                    National Advanced Packaging Manufacturing Program.'';
                (4) in subsection (f)--
                        (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1)--
                                (i) by striking ``a Manufacturing USA
                            Institute'' and inserting ``not more than 3
                            Manufacturing USA Institutes'';
                                (ii) by striking ``is focused on
                            semiconductor manufacturing.'' and inserting
                            ``are focused on semiconductor manufacturing.
                            The Secretary of Commerce may award financial
                            assistance to any Manufacturing USA Institute
                            for work relating to semiconductor
                            manufacturing.''; and
                                (iii) by striking ``Such institute may
                            emphasize'' and inserting ``Such institutes may
                            emphasize''; and
                (5) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(h) Construction Projects.--Section 602 of the Public Works and
    Economic Development Act of 1965 (42 U.S.C. 3212) shall apply to a
    construction project that receives financial assistance under this
    section.''.
        (d) Additional Authorities.--Division H of title XCIX of the
    William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for
    Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 4651 et seq.) is amended by adding at the
    end the following:

    ``SEC. 9909. ADDITIONAL AUTHORITIES.

        ``(a) In General.--In carrying out the responsibilities of the
    Department of Commerce under this division, the Secretary may--
                ``(1) enter into agreements, including contracts, grants
            and cooperative agreements, and other transactions as may be
            necessary and on such terms as the Secretary considers
            appropriate;
                ``(2) make advance payments under agreements and other
            transactions authorized under paragraph (1) without regard to
            section 3324 of title 31, United States Code;
                ``(3) require a person or other entity to make payments to
            the Department of Commerce upon application and as a condition
            for receiving support through an award of assistance or other
            transaction;
                ``(4) procure temporary and intermittent services of
            experts and consultants in accordance with section 3109 of
            title 5, United States Code;
                ``(5) notwithstanding section 3104 of title 5, United
            States Code, or the provisions of any other law relating to the
            appointment, number, classification, or compensation of
            employees, make appointments of scientific, engineering, and
            professional personnel, and fix the basic pay of such personnel
            at a rate to be determined by the Secretary at rates not in
            excess of the highest total annual compensation payable at the
            rate determined under section 104 of title 3, United States
            Code, except that the Secretary shall appoint not more than 25
            personnel under this paragraph;
                ``(6) with the consent of another Federal agency, enter
            into an agreement with that Federal agency to use, with or
            without reimbursement, any service, equipment, personnel, or
            facility of that Federal agency; and
                ``(7) establish such rules, regulations, and procedures as
            the Secretary considers appropriate.
        ``(b) Requirement.--Any funds received from a payment made by a
    person or entity pursuant to subsection (a)(3) shall be credited to and
    merged with the account from which support to the person or entity was
    made''.
        (e) Conforming Amendment.--The table of contents for division H of
    title XCIX of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense
    Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public Law 116-283) is amended
    by adding after the item relating to section 9908 the following:

    ``9909. Additional authorities.''.

    SEC. 104. OPPORTUNITY AND INCLUSION.

        (a) Establishment.--Not later than 180 days after the date of
    enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Commerce shall establish
    activities in the Department of Commerce, within the program
    established under section 9902 of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry
    National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C.
    4652), to carry out this section using funds appropriated under this
    Act.
        (b) In General.--The Secretary of Commerce shall assign personnel
    to lead and support the activities carried out under this section,
    including coordination with other workforce development activities of
    the Department of Commerce or of Federal agencies, as defined in
    section 551 of title 5, United States Code, as appropriate.
        (c) Activities.--Personnel assigned by the Secretary to carry out
    the activities under this section shall--
                (1) assess the eligibility of a covered entity, as defined
            in section 9901 of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National
            Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C.
            4651), for financial assistance for a project with respect to
            the requirements under subclauses (II) and (III) of section
            9902(a)(2)(B)(ii) of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National
            Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C.
            4652(a)(2)(B)(ii)(II) and (III));
                (2) ensure that each covered entity, as defined in section
            9901 of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense
            Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 4651),that is
            awarded financial assistance under section 9902 of that Act (15
            U.S.C. 4652) is carrying out the commitments of the covered
            entity to economically disadvantaged individuals as described
            in the application of the covered entity under that section by
            the target dates for completion established by the Secretary of
            Commerce under subsection(a)(5)(A) of that section; and
                (3) increase participation of and outreach to economically
            disadvantaged individuals, minority-owned businesses, veteran-
            owned businesses, and women-owned businesses, as defined by the
            Secretary of Commerce, respectively, in the geographic area of
            a project under section 9902 of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry
            National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15
            U.S.C. 4652) and serve as a resource for those individuals,
            businesses, and covered entities.
        (d) Staff.--The activities under this section shall be staffed at
    the appropriate levels to carry out the functions and responsibilities
    under this section until 95 percent of the amounts of funds made
    available for the program established under section 9902 of the William
    M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year
    2021 (15 U.S.C. 4652) have been expended.
        (e) Report.--Beginning on the date that is 1 year after the date on
    which the Secretary of Commerce establishes the activities described in
    subsection (c), the Secretary of Commerce shall submit to the
    appropriate committees of Congress, as defined in section 9901(1) of
    the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for
    Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 4651), and make publicly available on the
    website of the Department of Commerce an annual report regarding the
    actions taken by the Department of Commerce under this section.

    SEC. 105. ADDITIONAL GAO REPORTING REQUIREMENTS.

        (a) NDAA.--Section 9902(c) of William M. (Mac) Thornberry National
    Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 4652(c)) is
    amended--
                (1) in paragraph (1)--
                        (A) in subparagraph (B)--
                                (i) in clause (i), by striking ``; and''
                            and inserting a semicolon; and
                                (ii) by adding at the end the following:
                                ``(iii) the Federal Government could take
                            specific actions to address shortages in the
                            semiconductor supply chain, including--
                                        ``(I) demand-side incentives,
                                    including incentives related to the
                                    information and communications
                                    technology supply chain; and
                                        ``(II) additional incentives, at
                                    national and global scales, to
                                    accelerate utilization of leading-edge
                                    semiconductor nodes to address
                                    shortages in mature semiconductor
                                    nodes; and''; and
                        (B) in subparagraph (C)--
                                (i) in clause (iii), by striking ``; and''
                            and inserting a semicolon; and
                                (ii) by inserting after clause (iv) the
                            following:
                                ``(v) how projects are supporting the
                            semiconductor needs of critical infrastructure
                            industries in the United States, including
                            those industries designated by the
                            Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security
                            Agency as essential infrastructure industries;
                            and''; and
                (2) by inserting after paragraph (1)(C)(iv) the following:
                        ``(D) drawing on data made available by the
                    Department of Labor or other sources, to the extent
                    practicable, an analysis of--
                                ``(i) semiconductor industry data regarding
                            businesses that are--
                                        ``(I) majority owned and controlled
                                    by minority individuals;
                                        ``(II) majority owned and
                                    controlled by women; or
                                        ``(III) majority owned and
                                    controlled by both women and minority
                                    individuals;
                                ``(ii) the number and amount of contracts
                            and subcontracts awarded by each covered entity
                            using funds made available under subsection (a)
                            disaggregated by recipients of each such
                            contract or subcontracts that are majority
                            owned and controlled by minority individuals
                            and majority owned and controlled by women; and
                                ``(iii) aggregated workforce data,
                            including data by race or ethnicity, sex, and
                            job categories.''.
        (b) Department of Defense.--Section 9202(a)(1)(G)(ii)(I) of the
    William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for
    Fiscal Year 2021 (47 U.S.C. 906(a)(1)(G)(ii)(I)) is amended by
    inserting ``(including whether recipients are majority owned and
    controlled by minority individuals and majority owned and controlled by
    women)'' after ``to whom''.

    SEC. 106. APPROPRIATIONS FOR WIRELESS SUPPLY CHAIN INNOVATION.

        (a) Direct Appropriations.--In addition to amounts otherwise
    available for such purposes, there is appropriated to the Public
    Wireless Supply Chain Innovation Fund established under section
    9202(a)(1) of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense
    Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 4652(a)(1)), out of
    amounts in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated--
                (1) $150,000,000 for fiscal year 2022, to remain available
            until September 30, 2031; and
                (2) $1,350,000,000 for fiscal year 2023, to remain
            available until September 30, 2032.
        (b) Use of Funds, Administration, and Oversight.--Of the amounts
    made available under subsection (a)--
                (1) not more than 5 percent of the amounts allocated
            pursuant to subsection (c) in a given fiscal year may be used
            by the Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Communications and
            Information to administer the programs funded from the Public
            Wireless Supply Chain Innovation Fund; and
                (2) not less than $2,000,000 per fiscal year shall be
            transferred to the Office of Inspector General of the
            Department of Commerce for oversight related to activities
            conducted using amounts provided under this section.
        (c) Allocation Authority.--
                (1) Submission of cost estimates.--The President shall
            submit to Congress detailed account, program, and project
            allocations of the amount recommended for allocation in a
            fiscal year from amounts made available under subsection (a)--
                        (A) for fiscal years 2022 and 2023, not later than
                    60 days after the date of enactment of this Act; and
                        (B) for each subsequent fiscal year through 2032,
                    as part of the annual budget submission of the
                    President under section 1105(a) of title 31, United
                    States Code.
                (2) Alternate allocation.--
                        (A) In general.--The Committees on Appropriations
                    of the House of Representatives and the Senate may
                    provide for alternate allocation of amounts recommended
                    for allocation in a given fiscal year from amounts made
                    available under subsection (a), including by account,
                    program, and project.
                        (B) Allocation by president.--
                                (i) No alternate allocations.--If Congress
                            has not enacted legislation establishing
                            alternate allocations, including by account,
                            program, and project, by the date on which the
                            Act making full-year appropriations for the
                            Departments of Commerce and Justice, Science,
                            and Related Agencies for the applicable fiscal
                            year is enacted into law, only then shall
                            amounts recommended for allocation for that
                            fiscal year from amounts made available under
                            subsection (a) be allocated by the President or
                            apportioned or allotted by account, program,
                            and project pursuant to title 31, United States
                            Code.
                                (ii) Insufficient alternate allocation.--If
                            Congress enacts legislation establishing
                            alternate allocations, including by account,
                            program, and project, for amounts recommended
                            for allocation in a given fiscal year from
                            amounts made available under subsection (a)
                            that are less than the full amount recommended
                            for allocation for that fiscal year, the
                            difference between the amount recommended for
                            allocation and the alternate allocation shall
                            be allocated by the President and apportioned
                            and allotted by account, program, and project
                            pursuant to title 31, United States Code.
        (d) Sequestration.--Section 255(g)(1)(A) of the Balanced Budget and
    Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985 (2 U.S.C. 905(g)(1)(A)) is
    amended by inserting after ``Postal Service Fund (18-4020-0-3-372).''
    the following:
                                ``Public Wireless Supply Chain Innovation
                            Fund.''.
        (e) Budgetary Effects.--
                (1) Statutory paygo scorecards.--The budgetary effects of
            this section shall not be entered on either PAYGO scorecard
            maintained pursuant to section 4(d) of the Statutory Pay-As-
            You-Go Act of 2010.
                (2) Senate paygo scorecards.--The budgetary effects of this
            section shall not be entered on any PAYGO scorecard maintained
            for purposes of section 4106 of H. Con. Res. 71 (115th
            Congress).
                (3) Classification of budgetary effects.--Notwithstanding
            Rule 3 of the Budget Scorekeeping Guidelines set forth in the
            joint explanatory statement of the committee of conference
            accompanying Conference Report 105-217 and section 250(c)(8) of
            the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985,
            the budgetary effects of this section shall not be estimated--
                        (A) for purposes of section 251 of such Act;
                        (B) for purposes of an allocation to the Committee
                    on Appropriations pursuant to section 302(a) of the
                    Congressional Budget Act of 1974; and
                        (C) for purposes of paragraph (4)(C) of section 3
                    of the Statutory Pay-As-You-Go Act of 2010 as being
                    included in an appropriation Act.

    SEC. 107. ADVANCED MANUFACTURING INVESTMENT CREDIT.

        (a) In General.--Subpart E of part IV of subchapter A of chapter 1
    of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by inserting after
    section 48C the following new section:

    ``SEC. 48D. ADVANCED MANUFACTURING INVESTMENT CREDIT.

        ``(a) Establishment of Credit.--For purposes of section 46, the
    advanced manufacturing investment credit for any taxable year is an
    amount equal to 25 percent of the qualified investment for such taxable
    year with respect to any advanced manufacturing facility of an eligible
    taxpayer.
        ``(b) Qualified Investment.--
                ``(1) In general.--For purposes of subsection (a), the
            qualified investment with respect to any advanced manufacturing
            facility for any taxable year is the basis of any qualified
            property placed in service by the taxpayer during such taxable
            year which is part of an advanced manufacturing facility.
                ``(2) Qualified property.--
                        ``(A) In general.--For purposes of this subsection,
                    the term `qualified property' means property--
                                ``(i) which is tangible property,
                                ``(ii) with respect to which depreciation
                            (or amortization in lieu of depreciation) is
                            allowable,
                                ``(iii) which is--
                                        ``(I) constructed, reconstructed,
                                    or erected by the taxpayer, or
                                        ``(II) acquired by the taxpayer if
                                    the original use of such property
                                    commences with the taxpayer, and
                                ``(iv) which is integral to the operation
                            of the advanced manufacturing facility.
                        ``(B) Buildings and structural components.--
                                ``(i) In general.--The term `qualified
                            property' includes any building or its
                            structural components which otherwise satisfy
                            the requirements under subparagraph (A).
                                ``(ii) Exception.--Clause (i) shall not
                            apply with respect to a building or portion of
                            a building used for offices, administrative
                            services, or other functions unrelated to
                            manufacturing.
                ``(3) Advanced manufacturing facility.--For purposes of
            this section, the term `advanced manufacturing facility' means
            a facility for which the primary purpose is the manufacturing
            of semiconductors or semiconductor manufacturing equipment.
                ``(4) Coordination with rehabilitation credit.--The
            qualified investment with respect to any advanced manufacturing
            facility for any taxable year shall not include that portion of
            the basis of any property which is attributable to qualified
            rehabilitation expenditures (as defined in section 47(c)(2)).
                ``(5) Certain progress expenditure rules made applicable.--
            Rules similar to the rules of subsections (c)(4) and (d) of
            section 46 (as in effect on the day before the date of the
            enactment of the Revenue Reconciliation Act of 1990) shall
            apply for purposes of subsection (a).
        ``(c) Eligible Taxpayer.--For purposes of this section, the term
    `eligible taxpayer' means any taxpayer which--
                ``(1) is not a foreign entity of concern (as defined in
            section 9901(6) of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National
            Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021), and
                ``(2) has not made an applicable transaction (as defined in
            section 50(a)) during the taxable year.
        ``(d) Elective Payment.--
                ``(1) In general.--Except as otherwise provided in
            paragraph (2)(A), in the case of a taxpayer making an election
            (at such time and in such manner as the Secretary may provide)
            under this subsection with respect to the credit determined
            under subsection (a) with respect to such taxpayer, such
            taxpayer shall be treated as making a payment against the tax
            imposed by subtitle A (for the taxable year with respect to
            which such credit was determined) equal to the amount of such
            credit.
                ``(2) Special rules.--For purposes of this subsection--
                        ``(A) Application to partnerships and s
                    corporations.--
                                ``(i) In general.--In the case of the
                            credit determined under subsection (a) with
                            respect to any property held directly by a
                            partnership or S corporation, any election
                            under paragraph (1) shall be made by such
                            partnership or S corporation. If such
                            partnership or S corporation makes an election
                            under such paragraph (in such manner as the
                            Secretary may provide) with respect to such
                            credit--
                                        ``(I) the Secretary shall make a
                                    payment to such partnership or S
                                    corporation equal to the amount of such
                                    credit,
                                        ``(II) paragraph (3) shall be
                                    applied with respect to such credit
                                    before determining any partner's
                                    distributive share, or shareholder's
                                    pro rata share, of such credit,
                                        ``(III) any amount with respect to
                                    which the election in paragraph (1) is
                                    made shall be treated as tax exempt
                                    income for purposes of sections 705 and
                                    1366, and
                                        ``(IV) a partner's distributive
                                    share of such tax exempt income shall
                                    be based on such partner's distributive
                                    share of the otherwise applicable
                                    credit for each taxable year.
                                ``(ii) Coordination with application at
                            partner or shareholder level.--In the case of
                            any property held directly by a partnership or
                            S corporation, no election by any partner or
                            shareholder shall be allowed under paragraph
                            (1) with respect to any credit determined under
                            subsection (a) with respect to such property.
                        ``(B) Elections.--Any election under paragraph (1)
                    shall be made not later than the due date (including
                    extensions of time) for the return of tax for the
                    taxable year for which the election is made, but in no
                    event earlier than 270 days after the date of the
                    enactment of this section. Any such election, once
                    made, shall be irrevocable. Except as otherwise
                    provided in this subparagraph, any election under
                    paragraph (1) shall apply with respect to any credit
                    for the taxable year for which the election is made.
                        ``(C) Timing.--The payment described in paragraph
                    (1) shall be treated as made on the later of the due
                    date (determined without regard to extensions) of the
                    return of tax for the taxable year or the date on which
                    such return is filed.
                        ``(D) Treatment of payments to partnerships and s
                    corporations.--For purposes of section 1324 of title
                    31, United States Code, the payments under subparagraph
                    (A)(i)(I) shall be treated in the same manner as a
                    refund due from a credit provision referred to in
                    subsection (b)(2) of such section.
                        ``(E) Additional information.--As a condition of,
                    and prior to, any amount being treated as a payment
                    which is made by the taxpayer under paragraph (1) or
                    any payment being made pursuant to subparagraph (A),
                    the Secretary may require such information or
                    registration as the Secretary deems necessary or
                    appropriate for purposes of preventing duplication,
                    fraud, improper payments, or excessive payments under
                    this section.
                        ``(F) Excessive payment.--
                                ``(i) In general.--In the case of any
                            amount treated as a payment which is made by
                            the taxpayer under paragraph (1), or any
                            payment made pursuant to subparagraph (A),
                            which the Secretary determines constitutes an
                            excessive payment, the tax imposed on such
                            taxpayer by chapter 1 for the taxable year in
                            which such determination is made shall be
                            increased by an amount equal to the sum of--
                                        ``(I) the amount of such excessive
                                    payment, plus
                                        ``(II) an amount equal to 20
                                    percent of such excessive payment.
                                ``(ii) Reasonable cause.--Clause (i)(II)
                            shall not apply if the taxpayer demonstrates to
                            the satisfaction of the Secretary that the
                            excessive payment resulted from reasonable
                            cause.
                                ``(iii) Excessive payment defined.--For
                            purposes of this subparagraph, the term
                            `excessive payment' means, with respect to
                            property for which an election is made under
                            this subsection for any taxable year, an amount
                            equal to the excess of--
                                        ``(I) the amount treated as a
                                    payment which is made by the taxpayer
                                    under paragraph (1), or the amount of
                                    the payment made pursuant to
                                    subparagraph (A), with respect to such
                                    property for such taxable year, over
                                        ``(II) the amount of the credit
                                    which, without application of this
                                    subsection, would be otherwise
                                    allowable (determined without regard to
                                    section 38(c)) under subsection (a)
                                    with respect to such property for such
                                    taxable year.
                ``(3) Denial of double benefit.--In the case of a taxpayer
            making an election under this subsection with respect to the
            credit determined under subsection (a), such credit shall be
            reduced to zero and shall, for any other purposes under this
            title, be deemed to have been allowed to the taxpayer for such
            taxable year.
                ``(4) Mirror code possessions.--In the case of any
            possession of the United States with a mirror code tax system
            (as defined in section 24(k)), this subsection shall not be
            treated as part of the income tax laws of the United States for
            purposes of determining the income tax law of such possession
            unless such possession elects to have this subsection be so
            treated.
                ``(5) Basis reduction and recapture.--Rules similar to the
            rules of subsections (a) and (c) of section 50 shall apply with
            respect to--
                        ``(A) any amount treated as a payment which is made
                    by the taxpayer under paragraph (1), and
                        ``(B) any payment made pursuant to paragraph
                    (2)(A).
                ``(6) Regulations.--The Secretary shall issue such
            regulations or other guidance as may be necessary or
            appropriate to carry out the purposes of this subsection,
            including--
                        ``(A) regulations or other guidance providing rules
                    for determining a partner's distributive share of the
                    tax exempt income described in paragraph
                    (2)(A)(i)(III), and
                        ``(B) guidance to ensure that the amount of the
                    payment or deemed payment made under this subsection is
                    commensurate with the amount of the credit that would
                    be otherwise allowable (determined without regard to
                    section 38(c)).
        ``(e) Termination of Credit.--The credit allowed under this section
    shall not apply to property the construction of which begins after
    December 31, 2026.''.
        (b) Recapture in Connection With Certain Expansions.--
                (1) In general.--Section 50(a) of the Internal Revenue Code
            of 1986 is amended redesignating paragraphs (3) through (5) as
            paragraphs (4) through (6), respectively, and by inserting
            after paragraph (2) the following new paragraph:
                ``(3) Certain expansions in connection with advanced
            manufacturing facilities.--
                        ``(A) In general.--If there is a an applicable
                    transaction by an applicable taxpayer before the close
                    of the 10-year period beginning on the date such
                    taxpayer placed in service investment credit property
                    which is eligible for the advanced manufacturing
                    investment credit under section 48D(a), then the tax
                    under this chapter for the taxable year in which such
                    transaction occurs shall be increased by 100 percent of
                    the aggregate decrease in the credits allowed under
                    section 38 for all prior taxable years which would have
                    resulted solely from reducing to zero any credit
                    determined under section 46 which is attributable to
                    the advanced manufacturing investment credit under
                    section 48D(a) with respect to such property.
                        ``(B) Exception.--Subparagraph (A) shall not apply
                    if the applicable taxpayer demonstrates to the
                    satisfaction of the Secretary that the applicable
                    transaction has been ceased or abandoned within 45 days
                    of a determination and notice by the Secretary.
                        ``(C) Regulations and guidance.--The Secretary
                    shall issue such regulations or other guidance as the
                    Secretary determines necessary or appropriate to carry
                    out the purposes of this paragraph, including
                    regulations or other guidance which provide for
                    requirements for recordkeeping or information reporting
                    for purposes of administering the requirements of this
                    paragraph.''.
                (2) Applicable transaction; applicable taxpayer.--Section
            50(a)(6) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as redesignated
            by paragraph (1), is amended adding at the end the following
            new subparagraphs:
                        ``(D) Applicable transaction.--For purposes of this
                    subsection--
                                ``(i) In general.--The term `applicable
                            transaction' means, with respect to any
                            applicable taxpayer, any significant
                            transaction (as determined by the Secretary, in
                            coordination with the Secretary of Commerce and
                            the Secretary of Defense) involving the
                            material expansion of semiconductor
                            manufacturing capacity of such applicable
                            taxpayer in the People's Republic of China or a
                            foreign country of concern (as defined in
                            section 9901(7) of the William M. (Mac)
                            Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act
                            for Fiscal Year 2021).
                                ``(ii) Exception.--Such term shall not
                            include a transaction which primarily involves
                            the expansion of manufacturing capacity for
                            legacy semiconductors (as defined in section
                            9902(a)(6) of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry
                            National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal
                            Year 2021).
                        ``(E) Applicable taxpayer.--For purposes of this
                    subsection, the term `applicable taxpayer' means any
                    taxpayer who has been allowed a credit under section
                    48D(a) for any prior taxable year.''.
                (3) Conforming amendments.--
                        (A) Section 50(a)(4) of the Internal Revenue Code
                    of 1986, as redesignated by paragraph (1), is amended--
                                (i) by inserting ``, or any applicable
                            transaction to which paragraph (3)(A) applies''
                            after ``paragraphs (1) and (2)'', and
                                (ii) by inserting ``or applicable
                            transaction'' after ``such cessation''.
                        (B) Section 50(a)(6)(C) of such Code, as
                    redesignated by paragraph (1), is amended by striking
                    ``paragraph (1) or (2)'' and inserting ``paragraph (1),
                    (2), or (3)''.
                        (C) Section 1371(d)(1) of such Code is amended by
                    striking ``section 50(a)(4)'' and inserting ``section
                    50(a)(5)''.
        (c) Exemption of Elective Payments From Sequestration.--Subsection
    (d) of section 255 of the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control
    Act of 1985 (2 U.S.C. 905) is amended to read as follows:
        ``(d) Refundable Income Tax Credits and Certain Elective
    Payments.--
                ``(1) Refundable income tax credits.--Payments to
            individuals made pursuant to provisions of the Internal Revenue
            Code of 1986 establishing refundable tax credits shall be
            exempt from reduction under any order issued under this part.
                ``(2) Certain elective payments.--Payments made to
            taxpayers pursuant to elections under subsection (d) of section
            48D of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, or amounts treated as
            payments which are made by taxpayers under paragraph (1) of
            such subsection, shall be exempt from reduction under any order
            issued under this part.''.
        (d) Conforming Amendments.--
                (1) Paragraph (6) of section 46 of the Internal Revenue
            Code of 1986 is amended to read as follows:
                ``(6) the advanced manufacturing investment credit.''.
                (2) Section 49(a)(1)(C) of such Code is amended--
                        (A) by striking ``and'' at the end of clause (iv),
                        (B) by striking the period at the end of clause (v)
                    and inserting ``, and'', and
                        (C) by adding at the end the following new clause:
                                ``(vi) the basis of any qualified property
                            (as defined in subsection (b)(2) of section
                            48D) which is part of an advanced manufacturing
                            facility (as defined in subsection (b)(3) of
                            such section).''.
                (3) Section 50(a)(2)(E) of such Code is amended by striking
            ``or 48C(b)(2)'' and inserting ``48C(b)(2), or 48D(b)(5)''.
                (4) The table of sections for subpart E of part IV of
            subchapter A of chapter 1 of such Code is amended by inserting
            after the item relating to section 48C the following new item:

    ``Sec. 48D. Advanced manufacturing investment credit.''.
        (e) Budgetary Effects.--
                (1) Statutory paygo scorecards.--The budgetary effects of
            this section shall not be entered on either PAYGO scorecard
            maintained pursuant to section 4(d) of the Statutory Pay-As-
            You-Go Act of 2010 (2 U.S.C. 933(d)).
                (2) Senate paygo scorecards.--The budgetary effects of this
            section shall not be entered on any PAYGO scorecard maintained
            for purposes of section 4106 of H. Con. Res. 71 (115th
            Congress).
                (3) Classification of budgetary effects.--Notwithstanding
            Rule 3 of the Budget Scorekeeping Guidelines set forth in the
            joint explanatory statement of the committee of conference
            accompanying Conference Report 105-217 and section 250(c)(8) of
            the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985,
            the budgetary effects of this section shall not be estimated--
                        (A) for purposes of section 251 of such Act;
                        (B) for purposes of an allocation to the Committee
                    on Appropriations pursuant to section 302(a) of the
                    Congressional Budget Act of 1974; and
                        (C) for purposes of paragraph (4)(C) of section 3
                    of the Statutory Pay-As-You-Go Act of 2010 as being
                    included in an appropriation Act.
        (f) Effective Date.--
                (1) In general.--Except as provided in paragraph (2), the
            amendments made by this section shall apply to property placed
            in service after December 31, 2022, and, for any property the
            construction of which begins prior to January 1, 2023, only to
            the extent of the basis thereof attributable to the
            construction, reconstruction, or erection after the date of
            enactment of this Act.
                (2) Exemption of elective payments from sequestration.--The
            amendment made by subsection (c) shall apply to any
            sequestration order issued under the Balanced Budget and
            Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985 (2 U.S.C. 900 et seq.) on
            or after December 31, 2022.

                      DIVISION B--RESEARCH AND INNOVATION

    SEC. 10000. TABLE OF CONTENTS.

        The table of contents for this division is as follows:

                      DIVISION B--RESEARCH AND INNOVATION

    Sec. 10000. Table of contents.
    Sec. 10001. Short title.
    Sec. 10002. Definitions.
    Sec. 10003. Budgetary effects.

              TITLE I--DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY SCIENCE FOR THE FUTURE

    Sec. 10101. Mission of the Office of Science.
    Sec. 10102. Basic energy sciences program.
    Sec. 10103. Biological and environmental research.
    Sec. 10104. Advanced scientific computing research program.
    Sec. 10105. Fusion energy research.
    Sec. 10106. High energy physics program.
    Sec. 10107. Nuclear physics program.
    Sec. 10108. Science laboratories infrastructure program.
    Sec. 10109. Accelerator research and development.
    Sec. 10110. Isotope research, development, and production.
    Sec. 10111. Increased collaboration with teachers and scientists.
    Sec. 10112. High intensity laser research initiative; helium
                                conservation program; Office of Science
                                emerging biological threat preparedness
                                research initiative; midscale
                                instrumentation and research equipment
                                program; authorization of appropriations.
    Sec. 10113. Established program to stimulate competitive research.
    Sec. 10114. Research security.

    TITLE II--NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY FOR THE FUTURE

    Sec. 10201. Definitions.

                  Subtitle A--Authorization of Appropriations

    Sec. 10211. Authorization of appropriations.

                        Subtitle B--Measurement Research

    Sec. 10221. Engineering biology and biometrology.
    Sec. 10222. Greenhouse gas measurement research.
    Sec. 10223. NIST authority for cybersecurity and privacy activities.
    Sec. 10224. Software security and authentication.
    Sec. 10225. Digital identity management research.
    Sec. 10226. Biometrics research and testing.
    Sec. 10227. Federal biometric performance standards.
    Sec. 10228. Protecting research from cybersecurity theft.
    Sec. 10229. Dissemination of resources for research institutions.
    Sec. 10230. Advanced communications research.
    Sec. 10231. Neutron scattering.
    Sec. 10232. Artificial intelligence.
    Sec. 10233. Sustainable chemistry research and education.
    Sec. 10234. Premise plumbing research.
    Sec. 10235. Dr. David Satcher Cybersecurity Education Grant Program.

                         Subtitle C--General Activities

    Sec. 10241. Educational outreach and support for underrepresented
                                communities.
    Sec. 10242. Other transactions authority.
    Sec. 10243. Report to Congress on collaborations with government
                                agencies.
    Sec. 10244. Hiring critical technical experts.
    Sec. 10245. International standards development.
    Sec. 10246. Standard technical update.
    Sec. 10247. GAO study of NIST research security policies and protocols.
    Sec. 10248. Standards development organization grants.

            Subtitle D--Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership

    Sec. 10251. Establishment of expansion awards pilot program as a part
                                of the Hollings Manufacturing Extension
                                Partnership.
    Sec. 10252. Update to Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership.
    Sec. 10253. National Supply Chain Database.
    Sec. 10254. Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership activities.
    Sec. 10255. Amendment to the Hollings Manufacturing Extension
                                Partnership relating to institutions of
                                higher education.

                     Subtitle E--Manufacturing USA Program

    Sec. 10261. Supporting geographic diversity.
    Sec. 10262. Expanding opportunities through the Manufacturing USA
                                Program.
    Sec. 10263. Promoting domestic production of technologies developed
                                under Manufacturing USA Program.

             TITLE III--NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION FOR THE FUTURE

                        Subtitle A--Preliminary Matters

    Sec. 10301. Sense of Congress.
    Sec. 10302. Definitions.
    Sec. 10303. Authorization of appropriations.

                           Subtitle B--STEM Education

    Sec. 10311. PreK-12 STEM education.
    Sec. 10312. Undergraduate STEM education.
    Sec. 10313. Graduate STEM education.
    Sec. 10314. STEM workforce data.
    Sec. 10315. Cyber workforce development research and development.
    Sec. 10316. Federal cyber scholarship-for-service program.
    Sec. 10317. Cybersecurity workforce data initiative.
    Sec. 10318. Microelectronics workforce development activities.
    Sec. 10319. Incorporation of art and design into certain STEM
                                education.
    Sec. 10320. Mandatory cost-sharing.
    Sec. 10321. Programs to address the STEM workforce.

                      Subtitle C--Broadening Participation

    Sec. 10321. Presidential awards for excellence in mathematics and
                                science.
    Sec. 10322. Robert Noyce Teacher Scholarship program update.
    Sec. 10323. NSF Eddie Bernice Johnson INCLUDES Initiative.
    Sec. 10324. Broadening participation on major facilities awards.
    Sec. 10325. Expanding geographic and institutional diversity in
                                research.
    Sec. 10326. Diversity in tech research.
    Sec. 10327. Chief Diversity Officer of the NSF.
    Sec. 10328. Research and dissemination to increase the participation of
                                women and underrepresented minorities in
                                STEM fields.
    Sec. 10329. Activities to expand STEM opportunities.
    Sec. 10330. Intramural emerging research institutions pilot program.

                       Subtitle D--NSF Research Security

    Sec. 10331. Office of Research Security and Policy.
    Sec. 10332. Chief of Research Security.
    Sec. 10333. Reporting to Congress.
    Sec. 10334. Online resource.
    Sec. 10335. Research awards.
    Sec. 10336. Authorities.
    Sec. 10337. Responsible conduct in research training.
    Sec. 10338. Research security and integrity information sharing
                                analysis organization.
    Sec. 10339. Plan with respect to controlled information and background
                                screening.
    Sec. 10339A. Foundation funding to institutions hosting or supporting
                                Confucius Institutes.
    Sec. 10339B. Foreign financial support.
    Sec. 10339C. Authorization of appropriations.

                        Subtitle E--Fundamental Research

    Sec. 10341. Broader impacts.
    Sec. 10342. Sense of Congress.
    Sec. 10343. Research ethics.
    Sec. 10344. Research reproducibility and replicability.
    Sec. 10345. Climate change research.
    Sec. 10346. Social, behavioral, and economic sciences.
    Sec. 10347. Measuring impacts of Federally funded research and
                                development.
    Sec. 10348. Food-energy-water research.
    Sec. 10349. Biological Field Stations and Marine Laboratories.
    Sec. 10350. Sustainable chemistry research and education.
    Sec. 10351. Risk and resilience research.
    Sec. 10352. Unmanned aircraft systems technologies.
    Sec. 10353. Accelerating unmanned maritime systems technologies.
    Sec. 10354. Leveraging international expertise in research.
    Sec. 10355. Biological research collections.
    Sec. 10356. Clean water research and technology acceleration.
    Sec. 10357. Technology and behavioral science research.
    Sec. 10358. Manufacturing research amendment.
    Sec. 10359. Critical minerals mining research and development.
    Sec. 10360. Study of AI research capacity.
    Sec. 10361. Advancing IoT for Precision Agriculture Capabilities Act.
    Sec. 10362. Astronomy and satellite constellations.
    Sec. 10363. Research on the impact of inflation.
    Sec. 10364. Microgravity utilization policy.
    Sec. 10365. Recognition of the Arecibo Observatory.

                      Subtitle F--Research Infrastructure

    Sec. 10371. Facility operation and maintenance.
    Sec. 10372. Reviews.
    Sec. 10373. Helium conservation.
    Sec. 10374. Advanced computing.
    Sec. 10375. National secure data service.

      Subtitle G--Directorate for Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships

    Sec. 10381. Establishment.
    Sec. 10382. Purposes.
    Sec. 10383. Activities.
    Sec. 10384. Requirements.
    Sec. 10385. Assistant Director.
    Sec. 10386. Advisory committee.
    Sec. 10387. Challenges and focus areas.
    Sec. 10388. Regional Innovation Engines.
    Sec. 10389. Translation accelerator.
    Sec. 10390. Test beds.
    Sec. 10391. Planning and capacity building awards.
    Sec. 10392. Entrepreneurial fellowships.
    Sec. 10393. Scholarships and fellowships.
    Sec. 10394. Research and development awards.
    Sec. 10395. Scaling innovations in PreK-12 STEM education.
    Sec. 10396. Authorities.
    Sec. 10397. Coordination of activities.
    Sec. 10398. Ethical, legal, and societal considerations.
    Sec. 10399. Reports and roadmaps.
    Sec. 10399A. Evaluation.

                     Subtitle H--Administrative Amendments

    Sec. 10399D. Supporting veterans in STEM careers.
    Sec. 10399E. Sunshine Act compliance.
    Sec. 10399F. Science and engineering indicators report submission.

                 TITLE IV--BIOECONOMY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

    Sec. 10401. Definitions.
    Sec. 10402. National engineering biology research and development
                                initiative.
    Sec. 10403. Initiative coordination.
    Sec. 10404. Advisory committee on engineering biology research and
                                development.
    Sec. 10405. External review of ethical, legal, environmental, safety,
                                security, and societal issues.
    Sec. 10406. Agency activities.
    Sec. 10407. Rule of construction.

                  TITLE V--BROADENING PARTICIPATION IN SCIENCE

                         Subtitle A--STEM Opportunities

    Sec. 10501. Federal research agency policies for caregivers.
    Sec. 10502. Collection and reporting of data on federal research
                                awards.
    Sec. 10503. Policies for review of Federal research awards.
    Sec. 10504. Collection of data on demographics of faculty.
    Sec. 10505. Cultural and institutional barriers to expanding the
                                academic and Federal STEM workforce.
    Sec. 10506. Existing activities.
    Sec. 10507. Report to Congress.
    Sec. 10508. Merit review.
    Sec. 10509. Determination of budgetary effects.
    Sec. 10510. Definition.

                   Subtitle B--Rural STEM Education Research

    Sec. 10511. Definition.
    Sec. 10512. National Science Foundation rural STEM activities.
    Sec. 10513. Opportunities for online education.
    Sec. 10514. National Academies evaluation.
    Sec. 10515. GAO review.
    Sec. 10516. NIST engagement with rural communities.

                        Subtitle C--MSI STEM Achievement

    Sec. 10521. GAO review.
    Sec. 10522. Agency responsibilities.
    Sec. 10523. Research at the National Science Foundation.
    Sec. 10524. Capacity-building program for developing universities.
    Sec. 10525. Tribal Colleges and Universities program.
    Sec. 10526. Definitions.

               Subtitle D--Combating Sexual Harassment in Science

    Sec. 10531. Findings.
    Sec. 10532. Purpose.
    Sec. 10533. Definition.
    Sec. 10534. Research awards.
    Sec. 10535. Responsible Conduct Guide.
    Sec. 10536. Interagency working group.
    Sec. 10537. National Academies assessment.
    Sec. 10538. GAO study.
    Sec. 10539. Authorization of appropriations.

           TITLE VI--MISCELLANEOUS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY PROVISIONS

                Subtitle A--Supporting Early-career Researchers

    Sec. 10601. Early-career research fellowship program.
    Sec. 10602. Authorization of appropriations.

              Subtitle B--National Science and Technology Strategy

    Sec. 10611. National science and technology strategy.
    Sec. 10612. Strategy and report on the Nation's economic security,
                                science, research, and innovation to
                                support the national security strategy.
    Sec. 10613. Quadrennial science and technology review.

                        Subtitle C--Regional Innovation

    Sec. 10621. Regional innovation capacity.
    Sec. 10622. Regional Clean Energy Innovation Program.

                         Subtitle D--Research Security

    Sec. 10631. Requirements for foreign talent recruitment programs.
    Sec. 10632. Malign foreign talent recruitment program prohibition.
    Sec. 10633. Review of contracts and agreements.
    Sec. 10634. Research security training requirement for Federal research
                                award personnel.
    Sec. 10635. Research funds accounting.
    Sec. 10636. Person or entity of concern prohibition.
    Sec. 10637. Nondiscrimination.
    Sec. 10638. Definitions.

      Subtitle E--Coastal and Ocean Acidification Research and Innovation

    Sec. 10641. Short title.
    Sec. 10642. Purposes.
    Sec. 10643. Definitions.
    Sec. 10644. Interagency working group.
    Sec. 10645. Strategic research plan.
    Sec. 10646. NOAA ocean acidification activities.
    Sec. 10647. NSF ocean acidification activities.
    Sec. 10648. NASA ocean acidification activities.
    Sec. 10649. Authorization of appropriations.

                     Subtitle F--Interagency Working Group

    Sec. 10651. Interagency working group.

               Subtitle G--Quantum Networking and Communications

    Sec. 10661. Quantum networking and communications.

                       Subtitle H--Blockchain Specialist

    Sec. 10671. Establishment of blockchain and cryptocurrency specialist
                                position within OSTP.

          Subtitle I--Partnerships for Energy Security and Innovation

    Sec. 10691. Foundation for Energy Security and Innovation.

                   Subtitle J--Energizing Technology Transfer

    Sec. 10701. Definitions.

           PART 1--National Clean Energy Technology Transfer Programs

    Sec. 10713. National clean energy incubator program.
    Sec. 10714. Clean energy technology university prize competition.
    Sec. 10715. Clean energy technology transfer coordination.

     PART 2--Supporting Technology Development at the National Laboratories

    Sec. 10716. Lab partnering service pilot program.
    Sec. 10717. Lab-embedded entrepreneurship program.
    Sec. 10718. Small business voucher program.
    Sec. 10719. Entrepreneurial leave program.
    Sec. 10720. National Laboratory non-Federal employee outside employment
                                authority.

                   PART 3--Department of Energy Modernization

    Sec. 10722. Office of Technology Transitions.
    Sec. 10723. Management of Department of Energy demonstration projects.
    Sec. 10724. Streamlining prize competitions.
    Sec. 10725. Cost-share waiver extension.
    Sec. 10726. Special hiring authority for scientific, engineering, and
                                project management personnel.
    Sec. 10727. Technology transfer reports and evaluation.

                             Subtitle K--Micro Act

    Sec. 10731. Microelectronics research for energy innovation.

        Subtitle L--National Nuclear University Research Infrastructure
                                  Reinvestment

    Sec. 10741. Short title.
    Sec. 10742. Purposes.
    Sec. 10743. University infrastructure collaboration.
    Sec. 10744. Advanced nuclear research infrastructure enhancement
                                subprogram.
    Sec. 10745. Science education and human resources scholarships,
                                fellowships, and research and development
                                projects.

        Subtitle M--Steel Upgrading Partnerships and Emissions Reduction

    Sec. 10751. Low-emissions steel manufacturing research program.

        Subtitle N--Applied Laboratories Infrastructure Restoration and
                                 Modernization

    Sec. 10761. Applied laboratories infrastructure restoration and
                                modernization.

          Subtitle O--Department of Energy Research, Development, and
                            Demonstration Activities

    Sec. 10771. Department of Energy research, development, and
                                demonstration activities.

                       Subtitle P--Fission for the Future

    Sec. 10781. Advanced nuclear technologies Federal research,
                                development, and demonstration program.

    TITLE VII--NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION AUTHORIZATION
                                      ACT

    Sec. 10801. Short title.
    Sec. 10802. Definitions.

                            Subtitle A--Exploration

    Sec. 10811. Moon to Mars.
    Sec. 10812. Space Launch System configurations.
    Sec. 10813. Rocket engine test infrastructure.
    Sec. 10814. Pearl River maintenance.
    Sec. 10815. Extension and modification relating to International Space
                                Station.
    Sec. 10816. Priorities for International Space Station.
    Sec. 10817. Technical amendments relating to Artemis missions.

                              Subtitle B--Science

    Sec. 10821. Science priorities.
    Sec. 10822. Search for life.
    Sec. 10823. Next generation of astrophysics great observatories.
    Sec. 10824. Earth science missions and programs.
    Sec. 10825. Planetary Defense Coordination Office.

                            Subtitle C--Aeronautics

    Sec. 10831. Experimental aircraft projects.
    Sec. 10832. Unmanned aircraft systems.
    Sec. 10833. Cleaner, quieter airplanes.

                          Subtitle D--Space Technology

    Sec. 10841. Space nuclear capabilities.
    Sec. 10842. Prioritization of low-enriched uranium technology.

                          Subtitle E--STEM Engagement

    Sec. 10851. Office of STEM Engagement.

                           Subtitle F--Miscellaneous

    Sec. 10861. Program, workforce, and industrial base reviews.
    Sec. 10862. Modification of lease of non-excess property.

    SEC. 10001. SHORT TITLE.

        This division may be cited as the ``Research and Development,
    Competition, and Innovation Act''.

    SEC. 10002. DEFINITIONS.

        In this division:
                (1) Artificial intelligence.--The term ``artificial
            intelligence'' or ``AI'' has the meaning given such term in
            section 5002 of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National
            Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C.
            9401).
                (2) Awardee.--The term ``awardee'' means the legal entity
            to which Federal assistance is awarded and that is accountable
            to the Federal Government for the use of the funds provided.
                (3) Award personnel.--The term ``award personnel'' means
            principal investigators and co-principal investigators,
            faculty, postdoctoral researchers, and other employees
            supported by a grant, cooperative agreement, or contract under
            Federal law.
                (4) Biomanufacturing.--The term ``biomanufacturing'' means
            the utilization of biological systems to develop new and
            advance existing products, tools, and processes at commercial
            scale.
                (5) Emerging research institution.--The term ``emerging
            research institution'' means an institution of higher education
            with an established undergraduate or graduate program that has
            less than $50,000,000 in Federal research expenditures.
                (6) Engineering biology.--The term ``engineering biology''
            means the application of engineering design principles and
            practices to biological systems, including molecular and
            cellular systems, to advance fundamental understanding of
            complex natural systems and to enable novel or optimize
            functions and capabilities.
                (7) EPSCoR.--The term ``EPSCoR'' has the meaning given the
            term in section 502 of the America COMPETES Reauthorization Act
            of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 1862p note).
                (8) EPSCoR institution.--The term ``EPSCoR institution''
            means an institution of higher education, nonprofit
            organization, or other institution located in a jurisdiction
            eligible to participate in the program under section 113 of the
            National Science Foundation Authorization Act of 1988 (42
            U.S.C. 1862g).
                (9) Federal laboratory.--The term ``Federal laboratory''
            has the meaning given such term in section 4 of the Stevenson-
            Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3703).
                (10) Federal research agency.--The term ``Federal research
            agency'' means any Federal agency with an annual extramural
            research expenditure of over $100,000,000 in fiscal year 2022
            constant dollars.
                (11) Foundation.--The term ``Foundation'' means the
            National Science Foundation.
                (12) Historically black college and university.--The term
            ``historically Black college and university'' has the meaning
            given the term ``part B institution'' in section 322 of the
            Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1061).
                (13) Institution of higher education.--The term
            ``institution of higher education'' has the meaning given the
            term in section 101(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20
            U.S.C. 1001(a)).
                (14) Interagency working group on inclusion in stem.--The
            term ``interagency working group on inclusion in STEM'' means
            the interagency working group established by section 308 of the
            American Innovation and Competitiveness Act (42 U.S.C. 6626).
                (15) Labor organization.--The term ``labor organization''
            has the meaning given the term in section 2(5) of the National
            Labor Relations Act (29 U.S.C. 152(5)), except that such term
            shall also include--
                        (A) any organization composed of labor
                    organizations, such as a labor union federation or a
                    State or municipal labor body; and
                        (B) any organization which would be included in the
                    definition for such term under such section 2(5) but
                    for the fact that the organization represents--
                                (i) individuals employed by the United
                            States, any wholly owned Government
                            corporation, any Federal Reserve Bank, or any
                            State or political subdivision thereof;
                                (ii) individuals employed by persons
                            subject to the Railway Labor Act (45 U.S.C. 151
                            et seq.); or
                                (iii) individuals employed as agricultural
                            laborers.
                (16) Low-income individual.--The term ``low-income
            individual'' means an individual from a family whose taxable
            income for the preceding year did not exceed 150 percent of an
            amount equal to the poverty level determined by using criteria
            of poverty established by the Bureau of the Census.
                (17) Manufacturing extension center.--The term
            ``manufacturing extension center'' has the meaning given the
            term ``Center'' in section 25(a) of the National Institute of
            Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k(a)).
                (18) Manufacturing usa institute.--The term ``Manufacturing
            USA institute'' means a Manufacturing USA institute described
            in section 34(d) of the National Institute of Standards and
            Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278s(d)).
                (19) Minority-serving institution.--The term ``minority-
            serving institution'' means a Hispanic-serving institution as
            defined in section 502(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965
            (20 U.S.C. 1101a(a)); an Alaska Native-serving institution or
            Native Hawaiian-serving institution as defined in section
            317(b) of such Act (20 U.S.C. 1059d(b)); or a Predominantly
            Black institution, Asian American and Native American Pacific
            Islander-serving institution, or Native American-serving
            nontribal institution as defined in section 371(c) of such Act
            (20 U.S.C. 1067q(c)).
                (20) National academies.--The term ``National Academies''
            means the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and
            Medicine.
                (21) Non-profit organization.--The term ``non-profit
            organization'' means an organization which is described in
            section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 and
            exempt from tax under section 501(a) of such code.
                (22) Prek-12.--The term ``PreK-12'' means pre-kindergarten
            through grade 12.
                (23) Quantum information science.--The term ``quantum
            information science'' has the meaning given such term in
            section 2 of the National Quantum Initiative Act (15 U.S.C.
            8801).
                (24) Recipient.--The term ``recipient'' means an entity,
            usually a non-Federal entity, that receives a Federal award
            directly from a Federal research agency. The term ``recipient''
            does not include entities that receive subawards or individuals
            that are the beneficiaries of the award.
                (25) Research and development award.--The term ``research
            and development award'' means support provided to an individual
            or entity by a Federal research agency to carry out research
            and development activities, which may include support in the
            form of a grant, contract, cooperative agreement, or other such
            transaction. The term does not include a grant, contract,
            agreement or other transaction for the procurement of goods or
            services to meet the administrative needs of a Federal research
            agency.
                (26) Skilled technical work.--The term ``skilled technical
            work'' means an occupation that requires a high level of
            knowledge in a technical domain and does not require a
            bachelor's degree for entry.
                (27) Stem.--The term ``STEM'' means science, technology,
            engineering, and mathematics, including computer science.
                (28) Stem education.--The term ``STEM education'' has the
            meaning given the term in section 2 of the STEM Education Act
            of 2015 (42 U.S.C. 6621 note).
                (29) Technical standard.--The term ``technical standard''
            has the meaning given such term in section 12(d)(5) of the
            National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act of 1995 (15
            U.S.C. 272 note).
                (30) Tribal college or university.--The term ``Tribal
            College or University'' has the meaning given such term in
            section 316 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C.
            1059c).

    SEC. 10003. BUDGETARY EFFECTS.

        (a) Statutory Paygo Scorecards.--The budgetary effects of this
    division shall not be entered on either PAYGO scorecard maintained
    pursuant to section 4(d) of the Statutory Pay-As-You-Go Act of 2010 (2
    U.S.C. 933(d)).
        (b) Senate Paygo Scorecards.--The budgetary effects of this
    division shall not be entered on any PAYGO scorecard maintained for
    purposes of section 4106 of H. Con. Res. 71 (115th Congress).
        (c) Classification of Budgetary Effects.--Notwithstanding Rule 3 of
    the Budget Scorekeeping Guidelines set forth in the joint explanatory
    statement of the committee of conference accompanying Conference Report
    105-217 and section 250(c)(8) of the Balanced Budget and Emergency
    Deficit Control Act of 1985, the budgetary effects of this division
    shall not be estimated--
                (1) for purposes of section 251 of such Act;
                (2) for purposes of an allocation to the Committee on
            Appropriations pursuant to section 302(a) of the Congressional
            Budget Act of 1974; and
                (3) for purposes of paragraph (4)(C) of section 3 of the
            Statutory Pay-As-You-Go Act of 2010 as being included in an
            appropriation Act.

              TITLE I--DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY SCIENCE FOR THE FUTURE

    SEC. 10101. MISSION OF THE OFFICE OF SCIENCE.

        Section 209 of the Department of Energy Organization Act (42 U.S.C.
    7139) is amended by adding at the end the following:
        ``(d) User Facilities.--The Director shall carry out the
    construction, operation, and maintenance of user facilities to support
    the mission described in subsection (c). As practicable, these
    facilities shall serve the needs of the Department, industry, the
    academic community, and other relevant entities for the purposes of
    advancing the missions of the Department, improving the competitiveness
    of the United States, protecting public health and safety, and
    addressing other national priorities including emergencies.
        ``(e) Coordination.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Secretary--
                        ``(A) shall ensure the coordination of the Office
                    of Science with the other activities of the Department,
                    including the transfer of knowledge, capabilities, and
                    relevant technologies from basic research programs of
                    the Department to applied research and development
                    programs of the Department for the purpose of enabling
                    development of mission-relevant technologies;
                        ``(B) shall support joint activities among the
                    programs of the Department;
                        ``(C) shall coordinate with other relevant Federal
                    agencies operating under existing authorizations
                    relating to subjects relating to the mission described
                    in subsection (c) in supporting advancements in related
                    research areas as appropriate; and
                        ``(D) may form partnerships to enhance the
                    utilization of and ensure access to user facilities by
                    other Federal agencies.
                ``(2) Office of science.--The Director--
                        ``(A) shall ensure the coordination of programs and
                    activities carried out by the Office of Science; and
                        ``(B) shall direct all programs which have not
                    recently completed a future planning roadmap consistent
                    with the funding of such programs authorized under the
                    Research and Development, Competition, and Innovation
                    Act to complete such a roadmap.''.

    SEC. 10102. BASIC ENERGY SCIENCES PROGRAM.

        (a) Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act.--Section 303
    of the Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C.
    18641) is amended--
                (1) by redesignating subsections (a) through (e) as
            subsections (c) through (g), respectively;
                (2) by inserting before subsection (c), as so redesignated,
            the following:
        ``(a) Program.--As part of the activities authorized under section
    209 of the Department of Energy Organization Act (42 U.S.C. 7139), the
    Director shall carry out a research and development program in basic
    energy sciences, including materials sciences and engineering, chemical
    sciences, physical biosciences, geosciences, and other disciplines, to
    understand, model, and control matter and energy at the electronic,
    atomic, and molecular levels in order to provide the foundations for
    new energy technologies, address scientific grand challenges, and
    support the energy, environment, and national security missions of the
    Department.
        ``(b) Sustainable Chemistry.--In carrying out chemistry-related
    research and development activities under this section, the Director
    shall prioritize research and development of sustainable chemistry to
    support clean, safe, and economic alternatives and methodologies to
    traditional chemical products and processes.'';
                (3) in subsection (d), as so redesignated--
                        (A) in paragraph (3)--
                                (i) in subparagraph (C), by striking
                            ``and'' at the end;
                                (ii) by redesignating subparagraph (D) as
                            subparagraph (E); and
                                (iii) by inserting after subparagraph (C)
                            the following:
                        ``(D) autonomous chemistry and materials synthesis
                    and characterization facilities that leverage advances
                    in artificial intelligence; and''; and
                        (B) by adding at the end the following:
                ``(4) Advanced photon source upgrade.--
                        ``(A) Definitions.--In this paragraph:
                                ``(i) Flux.--The term `flux' means the rate
                            of flow of photons.
                                ``(ii) Hard x-ray.--The term `hard x-ray'
                            means a photon with energy greater than 20
                            kiloelectron volts.
                        ``(B) Upgrade.--The Secretary shall provide for the
                    upgrade to the Advanced Photon Source described in the
                    publication approved by the Basic Energy Sciences
                    Advisory Committee on June 9, 2016, entitled `Report on
                    Facility Upgrades', including the development of a
                    multibend achromat lattice to produce a high flux of
                    coherent x-rays within the hard x-ray energy region and
                    a suite of beamlines optimized for this source.
                        ``(C) Start of operations.--The Secretary shall,
                    subject to the availability of appropriations, ensure
                    that the start of full operations of the upgrade under
                    this paragraph occurs before March 31, 2026.
                        ``(D) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be
                    appropriated under subsection (j), there is authorized
                    to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the
                    upgrade under this paragraph $14,200,000 for fiscal
                    year 2023.
                ``(5) Spallation neutron source proton power upgrade.--
                        ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall provide for
                    the proton power upgrade to the Spallation Neutron
                    Source.
                        ``(B) Proton power upgrade defined.--In this
                    paragraph, the term `proton power upgrade' means the
                    Spallation Neutron Source power upgrade described in--
                                ``(i) the publication entitled `Facilities
                            for the Future of Science: A Twenty-Year
                            Outlook', published by the Office of Science of
                            the Department in December, 2003;
                                ``(ii) the publication entitled `Four Years
                            Later: An Interim Report on Facilities for the
                            Future of Science: A Twenty-Year Outlook',
                            published by the Office of Science of the
                            Department in August, 2007; and
                                ``(iii) the publication approved by the
                            Basic Energy Sciences Advisory Committee on
                            June 9, 2016, entitled `Report on Facility
                            Upgrades'.
                        ``(C) Start of operations.--The Secretary shall,
                    subject to the availability of appropriations, ensure
                    that the start of full operations of the upgrade under
                    this paragraph occurs before July 30, 2028, with the
                    option for early operation in 2025.
                        ``(D) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be
                    appropriated under subsection (j), there is authorized
                    to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the
                    upgrade under this paragraph--
                                ``(i) $17,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                                ``(ii) $14,202,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                            and
                                ``(iii) $1,567,000 for fiscal year 2025.
                ``(6) Spallation neutron source second target station.--
                        ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall provide for
                    a second target station for the Spallation Neutron
                    Source.
                        ``(B) Second target station defined.--In this
                    paragraph, the term `second target station' means the
                    Spallation Neutron Source second target station
                    described in--
                                ``(i) the publication entitled, `Facilities
                            for the Future of Science: A Twenty-Year
                            Outlook', published by the Office of Science of
                            the Department in December, 2003;
                                ``(ii) the publication entitled, `Four
                            Years Later: An Interim Report on Facilities
                            for the Future of Science: A Twenty-Year
                            Outlook', published by the Office of Science of
                            the Department in August, 2007; and
                                ``(iii) the publication approved by the
                            Basic Energy Sciences Advisory Committee on
                            June 9, 2016, entitled `Report on Facility
                            Upgrades'.
                        ``(C) Start of operations.--The Secretary shall,
                    subject to the availability of appropriations, ensure
                    that the start of full operations of the second target
                    station under this paragraph occurs before December 31,
                    2033, with the option for early operation in 2029.
                        ``(D) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be
                    appropriated under subsection (j), there are authorized
                    to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the
                    activities under this paragraph, including
                    construction--
                                ``(i) $127,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                                ``(ii) $205,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                                ``(iii) $279,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
                                ``(iv) $300,000,000 for fiscal year 2026;
                            and
                                ``(v) $281,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.
                ``(7) Advanced light source upgrade.--
                        ``(A) Definitions.--In this paragraph:
                                ``(i) Flux.--The term `flux' means the rate
                            of flow of photons.
                                ``(ii) Soft x-ray.--The term `soft x-ray'
                            means a photon with energy in the range from 50
                            to 2,000 electron volts.
                        ``(B) Upgrade.--The Secretary shall provide for the
                    upgrade to the Advanced Light Source described in the
                    publication approved by the Basic Energy Sciences
                    Advisory Committee on June 9, 2016, entitled `Report on
                    Facility Upgrades', including the development of a
                    multibend achromat lattice to produce a high flux of
                    coherent x-rays within the soft x-ray energy region.
                        ``(C) Start of operations.--The Secretary shall,
                    subject to the availability of appropriations, ensure
                    that the start of full operations of the upgrade under
                    this paragraph occurs before September 30, 2029.
                        ``(D) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be
                    appropriated under subsection (j), there are authorized
                    to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the
                    upgrade under this paragraph--
                                ``(i) $135,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                                ``(ii) $102,500,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                                ``(iii) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
                            and
                                ``(iv) $1,400,000 for fiscal year 2026.
                ``(8) Linac coherent light source ii high energy upgrade.--
                        ``(A) Definitions.--In this paragraph:
                                ``(i) High energy.--The term `high energy',
                            with respect to an x-ray, means a photon with
                            an energy in the 5 to 13 kiloelectron volt
                            range.
                                ``(ii) High repetition rate.--The term
                            `high repetition rate' means the delivery of x-
                            ray pulses up to 1,000,000 pulses per second.
                                ``(iii) Ultra-short pulse.--The term
                            `ultra-short pulse', with respect to an x-ray,
                            means that the x-ray has bursts capable of
                            durations of less than 100 femtoseconds.
                        ``(B) Upgrade.--The Secretary shall--
                                ``(i) provide for the upgrade to the Linac
                            Coherent Light Source II facility described in
                            the publication approved by the Basic Energy
                            Sciences Advisory Committee on June 9, 2016,
                            entitled `Report on Facility Upgrades',
                            including the development of experimental
                            capabilities for high energy x-rays to reveal
                            fundamental scientific discoveries; and
                                ``(ii) ensure such upgrade enables the
                            production and use of high energy, ultra-short
                            pulse x-rays delivered at a high repetition
                            rate.
                        ``(C) Start of operations.--The Secretary shall,
                    subject to the availability of appropriations, ensure
                    that the start of full operations of the upgrade under
                    this paragraph occurs before December 31, 2026.
                        ``(D) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be
                    appropriated under subsection (j), there are authorized
                    to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the
                    upgrade under this paragraph--
                                ``(i) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                                ``(ii) $130,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                                ``(iii) $135,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
                            and
                                ``(iv) $99,343,000 for fiscal year 2026.
                ``(9) Cryomodule repair and maintenance facility.--
                        ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall provide for
                    the construction of a cryomodule repair and maintenance
                    facility to service the Linac Coherent Light Source II
                    and subsequent upgrades.
                        ``(B) Consultation required.--The Secretary shall
                    consult with the private sector, institutions of higher
                    education, National Laboratories, and relevant Federal
                    agencies to ensure that the facility described in
                    subparagraph (A) has the capability to maintain,
                    repair, and test superconducting radio frequency
                    accelerator components.
                        ``(C) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be
                    appropriated under subsection (j), there are authorized
                    to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the
                    activities under this paragraph--
                                ``(i) $29,300,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                                ``(ii) $24,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                                ``(iii) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
                            and
                                ``(iv) $15,700,000 for fiscal year 2026.
                ``(10) Nanoscale science research center recapitalization
            project.--
                        ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall provide for
                    the recapitalization of the Nanoscale Science Research
                    Centers, to include the upgrade of equipment at each
                    Center supported by the Office of Science on the date
                    of enactment of the Research and Development,
                    Competition, and Innovation Act, to accelerate advances
                    in the various fields of science including nanoscience,
                    materials, chemistry, biology, and quantum information
                    science.
                        ``(B) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be
                    appropriated under subsection (j), there are authorized
                    to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the
                    recapitalization under this paragraph--
                                ``(i) $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2023; and
                                ``(ii) $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2024.
                ``(11) National synchrotron light source ii beamline
            buildout.--
                        ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall provide for
                    the development and construction of experimental
                    stations to provide significant additional beamline and
                    instrument capacity, complement the existing portfolio
                    of beamlines, and complete the buildout of the National
                    Synchrotron Light Source II.
                        ``(B) Start of operations.--Subject to the
                    availability of appropriations, the Secretary--
                                ``(i) shall begin carrying out subparagraph
                            (A) not later than September 30, 2036; and
                                ``(ii) may begin carrying out subparagraph
                            (A)--
                                        ``(I) in calendar year 2033; or
                                        ``(II) after the construction of
                                    individual beamlines is complete.'';
                                    and
                (4) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(h) Computational Materials and Chemical Sciences.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Director shall support a program of
            research and development for the application of advanced
            computing practices to foundational and emerging research
            problems in chemistry and materials science. Research
            activities shall include--
                        ``(A) chemical catalysis research and development;
                        ``(B) the use of large data sets to model materials
                    phenomena, including through advanced characterization
                    of materials, materials synthesis, processing, and
                    innovative use of experimental and theoretical data;
                        ``(C) codesign of chemical system and chemistry
                    modeling software with advanced computing systems and
                    hardware technologies; and
                        ``(D) modeling of chemical processes, assemblies,
                    and reactions such as molecular dynamics and quantum
                    chemistry, including through novel computing methods.
                ``(2) Computational materials and chemical sciences
            centers.--
                        ``(A) In general.--In carrying out the activities
                    authorized under paragraph (1), the Director shall
                    select and establish up to 6 computational materials
                    and chemical sciences centers to--
                                ``(i) develop open-source, robust, and
                            validated computational codes and user-friendly
                            software, coupled with innovative use of
                            experimental and theoretical data, to enable
                            the design, discovery, and development of new
                            materials and chemical systems; and
                                ``(ii) focus on overcoming challenges and
                            maximizing the benefits of exascale and other
                            high performance computing underpinned by
                            accelerated node technologies.
                        ``(B) Selection.--The Director shall select centers
                    under subparagraph (A) on a competitive, merit-reviewed
                    basis. The Director shall consider applications from
                    the National Laboratories, institutions of higher
                    education, multi-institutional collaborations, and
                    other appropriate entities.
                        ``(C) Duration.--
                                ``(i) New centers.--A center selected under
                            subparagraph (A) shall receive support for a
                            period of not more than 5 years beginning on
                            the date of establishment of that center,
                            subject to the availability of appropriations.
                                ``(ii) Existing centers.--A center already
                            in existence on the date of enactment of the
                            Research and Development, Competition, and
                            Innovation Act may continue to receive support
                            for a period of not more than 5 years beginning
                            on the date of establishment of that center.
                        ``(D) Renewal.--Upon the expiration of any period
                    of support of a center under this subsection, the
                    Director may renew support for the center, on a merit-
                    reviewed basis, for a period of not more than 5 years.
        ``(i) Materials Research Database.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Director shall support the
            development of a web-based platform to develop and provide
            access to a database of computed information on known and
            predicted materials properties and computational tools to
            accelerate breakthroughs in materials discovery and design.
                ``(2) Program.--In carrying out this subsection, the
            Director shall--
                        ``(A) conduct cooperative research among National
                    Laboratories, industry, academia, and other research
                    institutions to advance understanding, prediction, and
                    manipulation of materials and facilitate the design of
                    novel materials;
                        ``(B) develop and maintain data infrastructure at
                    user facilities that generate data to collect, analyze,
                    label, and otherwise prepare the data for inclusion in
                    the database;
                        ``(C) leverage existing high performance computing
                    systems to conduct high throughput calculations, and
                    develop computational and data mining algorithms for
                    the prediction of material properties;
                        ``(D) strengthen the foundation for new
                    technologies and advanced manufacturing; and
                        ``(E) drive the development of advanced materials
                    for applications that span the Department's missions in
                    energy, environment, and national security.
                ``(3) Coordination.--In carrying out this subsection, the
            Director shall leverage programs and activities across the
            Department, including computational materials and chemical
            sciences centers established under subsection (h).
                ``(4) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be appropriated
            under subsection (j), there is authorized to be appropriated to
            the Secretary to carry out activities under this subsection
            $10,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027.
        ``(j) Authorization of Appropriations.--Out of funds authorized to
    be appropriated to the Office of Science in a fiscal year, there are
    authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the
    activities described in this section--
                ``(1) $2,685,414,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                ``(2) $2,866,890,840 for fiscal year 2024;
                ``(3) $2,987,727,170 for fiscal year 2025;
                ``(4) $3,062,732,781 for fiscal year 2026; and
                ``(5) $3,080,067,167 for fiscal year 2027.''.
        (b) Artificial Photosynthesis.--Section 973 of the Energy Policy
    Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16313) is amended--
                (1) in subsection (b), by striking paragraph (4) and
            inserting the following:
                ``(4) Funds.--Of the funds authorized to be appropriated
            for basic energy sciences in a fiscal year, there is authorized
            to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out activities
            under this subsection $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023
            through 2027.''; and
                (2) in subsection (c), by striking paragraph (4) and
            inserting the following:
                ``(4) Funds.--Of the funds authorized to be appropriated
            for basic energy sciences in a fiscal year, there is authorized
            to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out activities
            under this subsection $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023
            through 2027.''.
        (c) Electricity Storage Research Initiative.--Section 975 of the
    Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16315) is amended--
                (1) in subsection (a)--
                        (A) in paragraph (1)--
                                (i) in subparagraph (A)(ii), by striking
                            ``and'' after the semicolon at the end;
                                (ii) in subparagraph (B), by striking the
                            period at the end and inserting ``; and''; and
                                (iii) by adding at the end the following:
                        ``(C) to ensure the competitiveness of the United
                    States in energy storage by fostering an ecosystem
                    linking fundamental research and development to
                    deployment of storage solutions while minimizing the
                    environmental impacts of energy storage
                    technologies.''; and
                        (B) in paragraph (2)--
                                (i) in subparagraph (A), by striking
                            ``and'' after the semicolon at the end;
                                (ii) in subparagraph (B), by striking the
                            period at the end and inserting ``; and''; and
                                (iii) by adding at the end the following:
                        ``(C) any other relevant office of the
                    Department.'';
                (2) in subsection (b), by striking paragraph (4) and
            inserting the following:
                ``(4) Funding.--Of the funds authorized to be appropriated
            for basic energy sciences in a fiscal year, there is authorized
            to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out activities
            under this subsection $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023
            through 2027.'';
                (3) in subsection (c), by striking paragraph (4) and
            inserting the following:
                ``(4) Funding.--Of the funds authorized to be appropriated
            for basic energy sciences in a fiscal year, there is authorized
            to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out activities
            under this subsection $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023
            through 2027.''; and
                (4) in subsection (d), by striking paragraph (4) and
            inserting the following:
                ``(4) Funding.--Of the funds authorized to be appropriated
            for basic energy sciences in a fiscal year, there is authorized
            to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out activities
            under this subsection $20,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023
            through 2027.''.
        (d) Foundational Nuclear Science.--
                (1) In general.--The Director of the Office of Science
            shall support a program of research and development to bridge
            scientific barriers to, and expand theoretical and fundamental
            knowledge relevant to, understanding nuclear materials and
            matter for the benefit of commerce, medicine, and national
            security.
                (2) Activities.--As part of the program described in
            paragraph (1)--
                        (A) the Director of the Office of Science shall
                    support basic research to pursue distinct lines of
                    scientific inquiry, including--
                                (i) research in nuclear materials science,
                            including the application of advanced computing
                            practices to foundational and emerging research
                            areas in nuclear materials science and
                            discovery, such as--
                                        (I) the advanced characterization
                                    of materials;
                                        (II) materials synthesis;
                                        (III) processing;
                                        (IV) the innovative use of
                                    experimental and theoretical data; and
                                        (V) mechanical behavior in unique
                                    environments, including the effects of
                                    radiation;
                                (ii) electrochemistry research and
                            associated techniques for processing nuclear
                            materials;
                                (iii) the development of advanced
                            instrumentation and nuclear data collection to
                            inform the activities described in clauses (i)
                            and (ii); and
                                (iv) any other area of research, as
                            determined by the Director of the Office of
                            Science; and
                        (B) the Assistant Secretary for Nuclear Energy
                    shall consult with the Director of the Office of
                    Science to support the direction of translational
                    research, development, and validation of physical
                    concepts developed under the program.
                (3) Funding.--Of the funds authorized to be appropriated
            for basic energy sciences in a fiscal year, there is authorized
            to be appropriated to the Secretary of Energy to carry out
            activities under this subsection $50,000,000 for each of fiscal
            years 2023 through 2027.
        (e) Carbon Materials Science Initiative.--
                (1) Initiative.--
                        (A) In general.--The Director of the Office of
                    Science (referred to in this subsection as the
                    ``Director'') shall establish a research initiative, to
                    be known as the ``Carbon Materials Science Initiative''
                    (referred to in this subsection as the ``Initiative''),
                    to expand the fundamental knowledge of coal, coal-
                    wastes, and carbon ore chemistry useful for
                    understanding the conversion of carbon to material
                    products.
                        (B) Coordination.--In carrying out programs and
                    activities under the Initiative, the Director shall
                    leverage expertise and resources from the Office of
                    Fossil Energy and Carbon Management and the United
                    States Geological Survey.
                        (C) Teams.--
                                (i) In general.--In carrying out the
                            Initiative, the Director shall establish and
                            organize activities among multidisciplinary
                            teams to leverage, to the maximum extent
                            practicable, expertise from the National
                            Laboratories, institutions of higher education,
                            and the private sector.
                                (ii) Goals.--The multidisciplinary teams
                            described in clause (i) shall pursue expedient,
                            milestone-driven research goals established by
                            the Director.
                (2) Research program.--
                        (A) In general.--The Director shall carry out under
                    the Initiative a program to support, and discover
                    fundamental knowledge relevant to, carbon materials and
                    carbon ore processing research.
                        (B) Activities.--As part of the program described
                    in subparagraph (A), the Director shall, in
                    coordination with the Assistant Secretary of Energy for
                    Fossil Energy and Carbon Management, as appropriate,
                    support research to pursue distinct lines of scientific
                    inquiry, including--
                                (i) methods of extraction, processing,
                            recycling, and utilization of the materials and
                            valuable minerals contained in raw coal and
                            coal-waste;
                                (ii) methods of improving performance,
                            cost, and availability of materials for use in
                            carbon capture systems; and
                                (iii) unconventional pathways and materials
                            for conversion of carbon dioxide molecules,
                            minerals, and materials.
                        (C) Review.--The Director shall periodically review
                    activities carried out under the program described in
                    subparagraph (A) to evaluate the achievement of
                    scientific objectives and research milestones.
                        (D) Coordination with existing programs and
                    centers.--In carrying out the program described in
                    subparagraph (A), the Director shall--
                                (i) ensure coordination and knowledge
                            sharing with--
                                        (I) the United States Geological
                                    Survey; and
                                        (II) the programs and the Carbon
                                    Utilization Research Center established
                                    under section 969A of the Energy Policy
                                    Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16298a); and
                                (ii) avoid duplication of efforts to the
                            maximum extent practicable.
                (3) Carbon materials research centers.--
                        (A) In general.--In carrying out the activities
                    authorized under paragraph (2), the Director shall
                    establish 1 center in each of the 2 major coal-
                    producing regions of the United States, each of which
                    shall--
                                (i) be known as a ``Carbon Materials
                            Research Center'' (referred to in this
                            paragraph as a ``Center''); and
                                (ii) focus on early stage research and
                            development activities, including--
                                        (I) developing and advancing
                                    methods of extracting, processing, or
                                    recycling carbon or other valuable
                                    materials or minerals from raw coal,
                                    coal-waste, or other solid carbon
                                    materials, for the development of new
                                    carbon-based materials;
                                        (II) methods of improving the
                                    structural, physical, and chemical
                                    properties of carbon-based materials or
                                    other valuable materials from raw coal,
                                    coal-waste, or other solid carbon
                                    materials and their recyclability;
                                        (III) overcoming the challenges and
                                    maximizing the benefits of commercially
                                    extracting, producing, or improving
                                    coal-derived carbon and resulting
                                    products; and
                                        (IV) identifying novel pathways and
                                    materials for carbon storage and
                                    conversion into useful products.
                        (B) Selection.--The Director shall--
                                (i) select Centers under subparagraph (A)
                            on a competitive, merit-reviewed basis; and
                                (ii) consider applications from the
                            National Laboratories, institutions of higher
                            education, multi-institutional collaborations,
                            and other appropriate entities.
                        (C) Duration.--A Center shall receive support for a
                    period of not more than 5 years beginning on the date
                    of establishment of that Center, subject to the
                    availability of appropriations.
                        (D) Renewal.--On the expiration of any period of
                    support of a Center, the Director may renew support for
                    that Center, on a merit-reviewed basis, for a period of
                    not more than 5 years.
                        (E) Existing facilities.--The Director shall--
                                (i) ensure that the research activities
                            carried out by the Centers are not duplicative
                            of existing efforts; and
                                (ii) if practicable, leverage existing user
                            facilities and other capabilities of the
                            Department of Energy to carry out the research
                            objectives of the Centers.
        (f) Carbon Sequestration Research and Geologic Computational
    Science Initiative.--
                (1) Initiative.--
                        (A) In general.--The Secretary of Energy (referred
                    to in this subsection as the ``Secretary'') shall
                    establish a research initiative, to be known as the
                    ``Carbon Sequestration Research and Geologic
                    Computational Science Initiative'' (referred to in this
                    subsection as the ``Initiative''), to expand the
                    fundamental knowledge, data collection, data analysis,
                    and modeling of subsurface geology for the purpose of
                    advancing carbon sequestration in geologic formations.
                        (B) Leveraging.--In carrying out programs and
                    activities under the Initiative, the Secretary shall
                    leverage expertise and resources from the Office of
                    Fossil Energy and Carbon Management and the United
                    States Geological Survey.
                        (C) Teams.--
                                (i) In general.--In carrying out the
                            Initiative, the Secretary shall establish and
                            organize activities among multidisciplinary
                            teams to leverage, to the maximum extent
                            practicable, expertise from the National
                            Laboratories, institutions of higher education,
                            and the private sector.
                                (ii) Goals.--The multidisciplinary teams
                            described in clause (i) shall pursue
                            aggressive, milestone-driven research goals
                            established by the Secretary.
                        (D) Additional activities.--The Secretary may
                    organize additional activities under this subsection
                    through other organizational structures.
                (2) Research program.--
                        (A) In general.--The Secretary shall carry out
                    under the Initiative a program to support research
                    needed for, and discover knowledge relevant to, the
                    sequestration of carbon in geologic formations.
                        (B) Activities.--As part of the program described
                    in subparagraph (A), the Director of the Office of
                    Science shall support fundamental research to pursue
                    distinct lines of scientific inquiry, including--
                                (i) gathering geologic data for pore space
                            characterization, including improvements to
                            geologic seismic imaging;
                                (ii) evaluating pore space quality,
                            including evaluation of geologic samples, to
                            determine appropriate sequestration zones for
                            carbon;
                                (iii) testing carbon sequestration;
                                (iv) monitoring carbon migration in
                            geologic formations;
                                (v) advancements in data analytics,
                            including the analysis of seismic data, and
                            computational science to improve the advanced
                            computing, visualization, and imaging of
                            geologic formations for the sequestration of
                            carbon; and
                                (vi) predictive understanding of coupled
                            processes in complex subsurface geologic
                            systems for secure carbon storage.
                        (C) Review.--The Secretary shall periodically
                    review activities carried out under the program
                    described in subparagraph (A) to evaluate achievement
                    of scientific objectives and research milestones.
                (3) Carbon storage research and geologic computational
            science centers.--
                        (A) In general.--In carrying out the activities
                    authorized under paragraph (2), the Secretary shall
                    select and establish not more than 2 carbon storage
                    research and geologic computational science centers
                    (referred to in this paragraph as a ``Center'') to
                    develop and advance improvements to data collection,
                    analysis, and modeling of subsurface geology for the
                    purpose of advancing carbon sequestration in geologic
                    formations.
                        (B) Selection.--
                                (i) In general.--The Secretary shall--
                                        (I) select Centers under
                                    subparagraph (A) on a competitive,
                                    merit-reviewed basis; and
                                        (II) to the maximum extent
                                    practicable, locate each Center in a
                                    geographically diverse region with
                                    established and ongoing geologic carbon
                                    sequestration research and
                                    demonstration.
                                (ii) Applications.--In selecting Centers
                            under subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall
                            consider applications from institutions of
                            higher education, multi-institutional
                            collaborations, and other appropriate entities.
                        (C) Duration.--
                                (i) New centers.--A Center established
                            after the date of enactment of this Act shall
                            receive support for a period of not more than 5
                            years beginning on the date of establishment of
                            that Center, subject to the availability of
                            appropriations.
                                (ii) Existing centers.--A Center already in
                            existence on the date of enactment of this Act
                            may continue to receive support for a period of
                            not more than 5 years beginning on that date of
                            enactment.
                                (iii) Renewal.--On expiration of a period
                            of support described in clause (i) or (ii), the
                            Secretary may renew support for the Center, on
                            a merit-reviewed basis, for a period of not
                            more than 5 years.
                (4) Coordination with existing programs and centers.--In
            carrying out this subsection, the Secretary shall--
                        (A) ensure coordination with--
                                (i) the United States Geological Survey;
                            and
                                (ii) the programs established under section
                            963 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C.
                            16293); and
                        (B) avoid duplication of efforts to the maximum
                    extent practicable.
        (g) Funding for Carbon Initiatives.--Of the funds authorized to be
    appropriated for basic energy sciences in a fiscal year, there is
    authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out activities
    under subsections (e) and (f) $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023
    through 2027.

    SEC. 10103. BIOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH.

        (a) Program; Biological Systems; Biomolecular Characterization and
    Imaging Science.--Section 306 of the Department of Energy Research and
    Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18644) is amended--
                (1) in subsection (c), by redesignating paragraphs (6)
            through (8) as paragraphs (5) through (7), respectively;
                (2) by redesignating subsections (b) through (d) as
            subsections (d) through (f), respectively;
                (3) by striking subsection (a) and inserting the following:
        ``(a) Program.--As part of the duties of the Director authorized
    under section 209 of the Department of Energy Organization Act (42
    U.S.C. 7139), and coordinated with the activities authorized under
    sections 303 and 304, the Director shall carry out a program of
    research and development in the areas of biological systems science and
    climate and environmental science, including subsurface science,
    relevant to the development of new energy technologies and to support
    the energy, environmental, and national security missions of the
    Department.
        ``(b) Biological Systems.--The Director shall carry out research
    and development activities in genomic science including fundamental
    research on plants and microbes to increase systems-level understanding
    of the complex biological systems, which may include activities--
                ``(1) to provide a fundamental understanding of the biology
            of plants, fungi, and microbes as a basis for developing
            innovative processes for bioenergy and bioproducts and
            accelerate breakthroughs and new knowledge that would enable
            the cost-effective, sustainable production of--
                        ``(A) advanced biofuels;
                        ``(B) bioenergy; and
                        ``(C) biobased materials;
                ``(2) to conduct foundational functional systems biology
            research--
                        ``(A) to support expanded biosystems design
                    research; and
                        ``(B) to understand--
                                ``(i) fundamental genome structure; and
                                ``(ii) phenomes, including functional
                            genomics of gene products at genome scale;
                ``(3) to develop biosystems designs and synthetic biology
            approaches for new nonfood plant-derived and microbially
            derived bioproducts as a basis for new bioeconomy and
            biotechnology applications in bioproducts production, resource
            recovery, recycling, and upcycling ventures;
                ``(4) to better understand the behavior of microbiomes in
            the environment and the interdependencies between plants and
            microbes in a sustainable ecosystem;
                ``(5) to improve fundamental understanding of plant and
            microbial processes impacting the global carbon cycle,
            including processes for removing carbon dioxide from the
            atmosphere, through photosynthesis and other biological
            processes, for sequestration, storage, and utilization;
                ``(6) to understand the microbiome mechanisms and
            microbiota used to transform, immobilize, or remove
            contaminants from subsurface environments and that affect the
            cycling and disposition of carbon, nutrients, and contaminants
            in the environment;
                ``(7) to develop the computational approaches and
            integrated platforms for open access collaborative science;
                ``(8) to leverage tools and approaches across the Office of
            Science to expand research to include novel processes, methods,
            and science to develop bio-based chemicals, polymers, inorganic
            materials, including research--
                        ``(A) to advance fungal, microbial, and plant
                    biosystems design research to advance the understanding
                    of how CRISPR tools and other gene editing tools and
                    technologies work in nature, in the laboratory, and in
                    practice;
                        ``(B) to deepen genome-enabled knowledge of the
                    roles of microbes and microbial communities, including
                    fungi, in--
                                ``(i) supporting plant and tree growth,
                            productivity, performance, adaptation, and
                            resilience in changing environmental
                            conditions; and
                                ``(ii) optimizing end uses of biomass;
                        ``(C) to develop biosystems design methods and
                    tools to increase the efficiency of photosynthesis in
                    plants; and
                        ``(D) to increase the scale and pace of
                    characterizing the functions and physical
                    characteristics of microbes and microbial communities
                    to improve biosystems design;
                ``(9) to conduct research focused on developing analysis
            techniques and simulation capabilities, including artificial
            intelligence and machine learning, on high-performance
            computing platforms to accelerate collaborative and
            reproducible systems biology research;
                ``(10) to develop and improve new technologies for
            bioimaging, measurement, and characterization purposes to
            understand the structural, spatial, and temporal relationships
            of metabolic processes governing phenotypic expression in
            plants and microbes;
                ``(11) to conduct research focused on genotype-to-phenotype
            translations to develop a predictive understanding of cellular
            function under a variety of relevant environmental and
            bioenergy-related conditions;
                ``(12) to conduct metagenomic and metadata assembly
            research sequencing and analysis; and
                ``(13) to develop other relevant methods and processes as
            determined by the Director.
        ``(c) Biomolecular Characterization and Imaging Science.--The
    Director shall carry out research and development activities in
    biomolecular characterization and imaging science, including
    development of new and integrative imaging and analysis platforms and
    biosensors to understand the expression, structure, and function of
    genome information encoded within cells and for real-time measurements
    in ecosystems and field sites of relevance to the mission of the
    Department.''; and
                (4) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(l) Definitions.--In this section:
                ``(1) Advanced biofuel.--The term `advanced biofuel' has
            the meaning given the term in section 9001 of the Farm Security
            and Rural Investment Act of 2002 (7 U.S.C. 8101).
                ``(2) Bioenergy.--The term `bioenergy' means energy derived
            from biofuels.
                ``(3) Biomass.--The term `biomass' has the meaning given
            the term in section 203(b) of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42
            U.S.C. 15852(b)).
                ``(4) Bioproduct.--The term `bioproduct' has the meaning
            given the term `biobased product' in section 9001 of the Farm
            Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 (7 U.S.C. 8101).''.
        (b) Low-dose Radiation Research Program.--Paragraph (8) of
    subsection (e) of section 306 of the Department of Energy Research and
    Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18644), as redesignated by subsection (a)(2),
    is amended--
                (1) in subparagraph (C), by striking ``and'';
                (2) in subparagraph (D), by striking the period at the end
            and inserting a semicolon; and
                (3) by adding at the end the following:
                        ``(E) $40,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
                        ``(F) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
                        ``(G) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.''.
        (c) Low-dose Radiation and Space Radiation Research Program.--
    Subsection (f) of section 306 of the Department of Energy Research and
    Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18644), as redesignated by subsection (a)(2),
    is amended to read as follows:
        ``(f) Low-dose Radiation and Space Radiation Research Program.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Secretary, in consultation with the
            Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space
            Administration, shall carry out a basic research program on the
            similarities and differences between the effects of exposure to
            low-dose radiation on Earth, in low Earth orbit, and in the
            space environment.
                ``(2) Purpose.--The purpose of the program described in
            paragraph (1) is to accelerate breakthroughs in low-dose and
            low dose-rate radiation research and development as described
            in subsection (e) and to inform the advancement of new tools,
            technologies, and advanced materials needed to facilitate long-
            duration space exploration.''.
        (d) Climate, Environmental Science, and Other Activities.--Section
    306 of the Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C.
    18644) (as amended by subsection (a)) is amended by inserting after
    subsection (f) the following:
        ``(g) Earth and Environmental Systems Sciences Activities.--
                ``(1) In general.--As part of the activities authorized
            under subsection (a), and in coordination with activities
            carried out under subsection (b), the Director shall coordinate
            with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the
            National Science Foundation, the Environmental Protection
            Agency, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the
            Department of Agriculture, the Department of the Interior, and
            any other relevant agencies to carry out activities relating to
            Earth and environmental systems science research, which may
            include activities--
                        ``(A) to understand, observe, measure, and model
                    the response of Earth's atmosphere and biosphere to
                    changing concentrations of greenhouse gas emissions and
                    any associated changes in climate, including frequency
                    and intensity of extreme weather events;
                        ``(B) to understand the coupled physical, chemical,
                    and biological processes to transform, immobilize,
                    remove, or move carbon, nitrogen, and other energy
                    production-derived contaminants such as radionuclides
                    and heavy metals, and understand the process of
                    sequestration and transformation of these, carbon
                    dioxide, and other relevant molecules in subsurface
                    environments;
                        ``(C) to understand, observe, and model the cycling
                    of water, carbon, and nutrients in terrestrial systems
                    across spatiotemporal scales;
                        ``(D) to understand the biological, biogeochemical,
                    and physical processes across the multiple scales that
                    control the flux of environmentally relevant compounds
                    between the terrestrial surface and the atmosphere; and
                        ``(E) to understand and predict interactions among
                    natural and human systems to inform potential
                    mitigation and adaptation options for increased
                    concentrations of greenhouse gas emissions and any
                    associated changes in climate.
                ``(2) Prioritization.--In carrying out the program
            authorized under paragraph (1), the Director shall prioritize--
                        ``(A) the development of software and algorithms to
                    enable the productive application of environmental
                    systems and extreme weather in climate and Earth system
                    prediction models in high-performance computing
                    systems; and
                        ``(B) capabilities that support the Department's
                    mission needs for energy and infrastructure security,
                    resilience, and reliability.
                ``(3) Environmental systems science research.--
                        ``(A) In general.--As part of the activities
                    described in paragraph (1), the Director shall carry
                    out research to advance an integrated, robust, and
                    scale-aware predictive understanding of environmental
                    systems, including the role of hydrobiogeochemistry,
                    from the subsurface to the top of the vegetative canopy
                    that considers effects of seasonal to interannual
                    variability and change.
                        ``(B) Clean water and watershed research.--As part
                    of the activities described in subparagraph (A), the
                    Director shall--
                                ``(i) support interdisciplinary research to
                            significantly advance our understanding of
                            water availability, quality, and the impact of
                            human activity and a changing climate on urban
                            and rural watershed systems, including in
                            freshwater environments;
                                ``(ii) consult with the Interagency
                            Research, Development, and Demonstration
                            Coordination Committee on the Nexus of Energy
                            and Water for Sustainability established under
                            section 1010 of the Energy Act of 2020 (Public
                            Law 116-260) on energy-water nexus research
                            activities;
                                ``(iii) engage with representatives of
                            research and academic institutions, nonprofit
                            organizations, State, territorial, local, and
                            Tribal governments, and industry, who have
                            expertise in technologies, technological
                            innovations, or practices relating to the
                            energy-water nexus, as applicable; and
                                ``(iv) coordinate with the National Oceanic
                            and Atmospheric Administration, the National
                            Science Foundation, the Environmental
                            Protection Agency, the National Aeronautics and
                            Space Administration, the Department of
                            Agriculture, the Department of the Interior,
                            and any other relevant agency.
                        ``(C) Coordination.--
                                ``(i) Director.--The Director shall carry
                            out activities under this paragraph in
                            accordance with priorities established by the
                            Secretary to support and accelerate the
                            decontamination of relevant facilities managed
                            by the Department.
                                ``(ii) Secretary.--The Secretary shall
                            ensure the coordination of activities of the
                            Department, including activities under this
                            paragraph, to support and accelerate the
                            decontamination of relevant facilities managed
                            by the Department.
                ``(4) Climate and earth modeling.--As part of the
            activities described in paragraph (1), the Director, in
            collaboration with the Advanced Scientific Computing Research
            program described in section 304 and other programs carried out
            by the Department, as applicable, and in coordination with the
            National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the National
            Science Foundation, the National Aeronautics and Space
            Administration, and other relevant agencies, shall carry out
            research to develop, evaluate, and use high-resolution regional
            climate, global climate, Earth system, and other relevant
            models to inform decisions on reducing greenhouse gas emissions
            and the resulting impacts of a changing global climate. Such
            modeling shall include--
                        ``(A) integrated capabilities for modeling
                    multisectoral interactions, including the impacts of
                    climate policies on human systems and the
                    interdependencies and risks at the energy-water-land
                    nexus;
                        ``(B) greenhouse gas emissions, air quality, energy
                    supply and demand, and other critical elements; and
                        ``(C) interaction among human and Earth systems
                    informed by interdisciplinary research, including the
                    economic and social sciences.
                ``(5) Midscale funding mechanism.--
                        ``(A) In general.--Any of the activities authorized
                    in this subsection may be carried out, in lieu of
                    individual research grants--
                                ``(i) by competitively selected midscale,
                            multi-institutional research centers;
                                ``(ii) by large-scale experiments or user
                            facilities; or
                                ``(iii) through existing facilities and
                            systems of the Department or the National
                            Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
                        ``(B) Consideration.--The Biological and
                    Environmental Research Advisory Committee shall provide
                    recommendations to the Director on projects most
                    suitable for the research centers described in
                    subparagraph (A).
                ``(6) Atmospheric systems and sciences research program.--
                        ``(A) In general.--As part of the activities
                    carried out under paragraph (1), the Director shall
                    carry out a program, to be known as the `Atmospheric
                    Systems and Sciences Research Program', to use
                    observations to improve understanding of atmospheric
                    processes, under which the Director, in coordination,
                    and as appropriate, collaboration, with the National
                    Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and other
                    relevant Federal agencies conducting research under the
                    topics described in this subparagraph, shall conduct
                    research relating to--
                                ``(i) better understanding the atmosphere
                            and the interaction of the atmosphere with the
                            surface of the Earth;
                                ``(ii) understanding sources of uncertainty
                            in Earth system models, including with respect
                            to the interdependence of clouds, atmospheric
                            aerosols, radiation processes, and
                            precipitation;
                                ``(iii) understanding the radiative balance
                            and hydrological cycle of Earth;
                                ``(iv) demonstrating the improved
                            predictability of regional and global
                            atmospheric models due to improved process-
                            level understanding;
                                ``(v) atmospheric regimes with large
                            uncertainties in earth system prediction,
                            aerosol processes, warm boundary-layer
                            processes, convective processes, and high-
                            latitude processes;
                                ``(vi) reduced uncertainty and improved
                            simulation capability of earth system models of
                            the atmospheric system in a holistic,
                            comprehensive fashion; and
                                ``(vii) understanding and modeling
                            representation of priority research areas,
                            including aerosol, warm boundary layer,
                            convective, and high-latitude processes.
                        ``(B) Activities.--In carrying out the Atmospheric
                    Systems and Sciences Research Program, the Director
                    shall, in coordination, and as appropriate, in
                    collaboration, with other relevant Federal agencies--
                                ``(i) collect data and conduct research to
                            advance atmospheric and Earth system modeling
                            capabilities;
                                ``(ii) develop or participate in existing
                            or future integrated, scalable test-beds that--
                                        ``(I) incorporate process-level
                                    understanding of the life cycles of
                                    aerosols, clouds, and precipitation;
                                    and
                                        ``(II) can be incorporated into
                                    other models;
                                ``(iii) improve data, analysis, and
                            prediction systems in marine, littoral,
                            terrestrial, and arctic environments, including
                            those environments sensitive to changes in the
                            climate, relating to the energy and science
                            mission of the Department; and
                                ``(iv) support the development of
                            technologies relating to--
                                        ``(I) more accurate cloud, aerosol,
                                    and other atmospheric sensors;
                                        ``(II) observing sensor networks;
                                    and
                                        ``(III) computational predictive
                                    modeling.
                        ``(C) Use of atmospheric radiation measurement
                    program facilities and infrastructure.--To support the
                    Atmospheric Systems and Sciences Research Program and,
                    in coordination, and as appropriate, in collaboration,
                    with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
                    Administration and other relevant Federal agencies, to
                    improve fundamental understanding of the physical and
                    chemical processes that impact the formation, life
                    cycle, and radiative impacts of cloud and aerosol
                    particles, atmospheric processes, and surface or
                    subsurface phenomena, the Director shall use the
                    facilities and infrastructure of the Atmospheric
                    Radiation Measurement User Facility, the Global
                    Monitoring Laboratory of the National Oceanic and
                    Atmospheric Administration, or other Earth and
                    Environmental Systems Sciences User Facilities--
                                ``(i) to provide support to environmental
                            scientists by collecting high-quality and well-
                            characterized in-situ, remote-sensing, and
                            aircraft observations of--
                                        ``(I) the microphysical properties
                                    of clouds and atmospheric aerosols;
                                        ``(II) the coincident and highly
                                    detailed dynamical and thermodynamic
                                    properties of the atmospheric
                                    environment that contains those clouds
                                    and aerosols;
                                        ``(III) the properties of
                                    precipitation;
                                        ``(IV) the properties of radiation
                                    and the background environment; and
                                        ``(V) the properties of surface or
                                    subsurface phenomena;
                                ``(ii) to carry out laboratory studies and
                            ground-based and airborne field campaigns to
                            target specific atmospheric and surface or
                            subsurface processes relating to the energy and
                            science mission of the Department in different
                            locations and across a range of environments,
                            including by developing technologies to assist
                            in advancing predictive capabilities;
                                ``(iii) to build data sets that can be
                            incorporated into atmospheric models; and
                                ``(iv) to enhance observations by using
                            modeling and simulations that test the accuracy
                            of climate model parameterizations.
        ``(h) Biological and Environmental Research User Facilities.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Director shall carry out a program
            for the development, construction, operation, and maintenance
            of user facilities to enhance the collection and analysis of
            observational data related to complex biological, climate, and
            environmental systems.
                ``(2) Selection.--
                        ``(A) In general.--The Director shall select user
                    facilities under paragraph (1) on a competitive, merit-
                    reviewed basis.
                        ``(B) Applicants.--In selecting user facilities
                    under paragraph (1), the Director shall consider
                    applications from the National Laboratories,
                    institutions of higher education, multi-institutional
                    collaborations, and other appropriate entities.
                ``(3) Facility requirements.--To the maximum extent
            practicable, the user facilities developed, constructed,
            operated, or maintained under paragraph (1) shall include--
                        ``(A) distributed field research and observation
                    platforms for understanding earth system processes;
                        ``(B) analytical techniques, instruments, and
                    modeling resources, including high-throughput molecular
                    phenotyping, for understanding and predicting the
                    functional processes of biological and environmental
                    systems;
                        ``(C) integrated high-throughput sequencing,
                    advanced bioanalytic techniques, DNA design and
                    synthesis, metabolomics, and computational analysis;
                    and
                        ``(D) such other facilities as the Director
                    considers appropriate, consistent with section 209 of
                    the Department of Energy Organization Act (42 U.S.C.
                    7139).
                ``(4) Existing facilities.--In carrying out the program
            established under paragraph (1), the Director is encouraged to
            evaluate the capabilities of existing user facilities and, to
            the maximum extent practicable, invest in modernization of
            those capabilities to address emerging research priorities.
                ``(5) Earth and environmental systems sciences user
            facilities.--In carrying out the program established under
            paragraph (1), the Director shall operate at least 1 user
            facility to advance the collection, validation, and analysis of
            atmospheric data, including through activities--
                        ``(A) to advance knowledge of the Earth and
                    environmental systems and improve model
                    representations; and
                        ``(B) to measure the impact of atmospheric gases,
                    aerosols, and clouds on the Earth and environmental
                    systems.
                ``(6) Microbial molecular phenotyping capability project.--
                        ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall provide for
                    the expansion of the Environmental Molecular Sciences
                    Laboratory, or subsequent facility successor, to
                    advance high-throughput microbial plant and molecular
                    phenotyping capability to accelerate discovery of new
                    protein functions and metabolic pathways in microbial
                    systems.
                        ``(B) Capabilities.--In carrying out subparagraph
                    (A), the Secretary shall ensure the following
                    capabilities:
                                ``(i) Coupled high-throughput autonomous
                            experimental and multimodal analytical
                            capabilities.
                                ``(ii) Direct integration of automated
                            multiomics analyses, biomolecular and cellular
                            imaging, and functional biological assays with
                            high-throughput microbial culturing and
                            cultivation capabilities at timescales relevant
                            to biological processes under natural and
                            perturbed environmental conditions.
                        ``(C) Data coordination.--In carrying out
                    subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall ensure
                    integration and coordination with existing data
                    platforms and user facilities of the Department.
                        ``(D) Start of operations.--Subject to the
                    availability of appropriations, the Secretary shall
                    begin carrying out subparagraph (A) not later than
                    September 29, 2027.
                        ``(E) Funding.--Of the funds authorized to be
                    appropriated under subsection (k) for a fiscal year,
                    there are authorized to be appropriated to the
                    Secretary to carry out this paragraph--
                                ``(i) $550,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                                ``(ii) $29,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                                ``(iii) $32,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
                                ``(iv) $30,500,000 for fiscal year 2026;
                            and
                                ``(v) $27,500,000 for fiscal year 2027.
                ``(7) User facilities integration and collaboration
            program.--
                        ``(A) In general.--The Director shall support a
                    program of collaboration between user facilities to
                    encourage and enable researchers to more readily
                    integrate the tools, expertise, resources, and
                    capabilities of multiple Office of Science user
                    facilities (as described in subsection (d) of section
                    209 of the Department of Energy Organization Act (42
                    U.S.C. 7139)) to further research and advance emerging
                    technologies.
                        ``(B) Activities.--The program shall advance the
                    integration of automation, robotics, computational
                    biology, bioinformatics, biosensing, cellular platforms
                    and other relevant emerging technologies as determined
                    by the Director to enhance productivity and scientific
                    impact of user facilities.
                ``(8) Coordination.--In carrying out the program authorized
            under paragraph (1), the Director shall ensure that the Office
            of Science coordinates with--
                        ``(A) the National Oceanic Atmospheric
                    Administration, the Environmental Protection Agency,
                    the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the
                    Department of Agriculture, the Department of the
                    Interior, and any other relevant Federal agency on the
                    collection, validation, and analysis of atmospheric
                    data; and
                        ``(B) relevant stakeholders, including institutions
                    of higher education, nonprofit research institutions,
                    industry, State, territorial, local, and Tribal
                    governments, and other appropriate entities to ensure
                    access to the best available relevant atmospheric and
                    historical weather data.
        ``(i) Terrestrial-aquatic Interface Research Initiative.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Director shall carry out a research
            program to enhance the understanding of terrestrial-aquatic
            interface. In carrying out the program, the Director shall
            prioritize efforts to enhance the collection of observational
            data, and shall develop models to analyze the natural and human
            processes that interact in littoral zones.
                ``(2) Littoral data collection system.--The Director shall
            establish an integrated system of geographically diverse field
            research sites in order to improve the scientific understanding
            and predictability of the major land water interfaces of the
            United States through improved data quantity and quality,
            including in--
                        ``(A) the Great Lakes region;
                        ``(B) the Pacific coast;
                        ``(C) the Atlantic coast;
                        ``(D) the Arctic;
                        ``(E) the Gulf coast; and
                        ``(F) the coasts of United States territories and
                    freely associated States.
                ``(3) Existing infrastructure.--In carrying out the
            programs and establishing the field research sites under
            paragraphs (1) and (2), the Secretary shall leverage existing
            research and development infrastructure supported by the
            Department, including the Department's existing marine and
            coastal research lab.
                ``(4) Coordination.--For the purposes of carrying out the
            programs and establishing the field research sites under
            paragraphs (1) and (2), the Secretary may enter into agreements
            with Federal departments and agencies with complementary
            capabilities, including the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
            Administration and any other relevant Federal agency as
            appropriate.
                ``(5) Report.--Not earlier than 2 years after the date of
            enactment of the Research and Development, Competition, and
            Innovation Act, the Director shall provide to the Committee on
            Science, Space, and Technology, the Committee on Natural
            Resources, and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of
            Representatives, and the Committee on Energy and Natural
            Resources and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate, a
            report examining whether the system described in paragraph (2)
            should be established as a National User Facility within the
            Department or as a research facility within another Federal
            agency.
                ``(6) Interoperability.--
                        ``(A) In general.--The Director shall ensure that
                    activities carried out under paragraphs (1) and (2),
                    including observation, data collection, monitoring, and
                    model development and enhancements, are interoperable
                    and may be integrated with existing related systems at
                    the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and
                    other relevant Federal agencies, as practicable.
                        ``(B) Resources.--In carrying out subparagraph (A),
                    in support of interoperability, as practicable, the
                    Director may make available to other Federal agencies
                    high performance computing resources.
                        ``(C) NOAA.--The National Oceanic and Atmospheric
                    Administration shall integrate the data collected under
                    the programs carried out under paragraphs (1) and (2)
                    into relevant data systems and models, as practicable.
        ``(j) Engineered Ecosystems Initiative.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall establish within the
            Biological and Environmental Research program an initiative
            focused on the development of engineered ecosystems through the
            application of artificial intelligence, novel sensing
            capabilities, and other emerging technologies.
                ``(2) Interagency coordination.--The Secretary shall
            coordinate with the Director of the National Science
            Foundation, the Administrator of the National Oceanic and
            Atmospheric Administration, the Director of the U.S. Geological
            Survey, the Secretary of Agriculture, and other relevant
            officials to avoid duplication of research and observational
            activities and to ensure that activities carried out under the
            initiative established under paragraph (1) are complimentary to
            activities being undertaken by other agencies.
                ``(3) Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date of
            enactment of the Research and Development, Competition, and
            Innovation Act, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on
            Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives
            and the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate
            a report on the activity authorized under this subsection.
        ``(k) Authorization of Appropriations.--Out of funds authorized to
    be appropriated for the Office of Science in a fiscal year, there are
    authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the
    activities described in this section--
                ``(1) $885,420,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                ``(2) $946,745,200 for fiscal year 2024;
                ``(3) $1,001,149,912 for fiscal year 2025;
                ``(4) $1,068,818,907 for fiscal year 2026; and
                ``(5) $1,129,948,041 for fiscal year 2027.''.
        (e) Bioenergy Research Centers.--Section 977 of the Energy Policy
    Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16317) is amended by striking subsection (f) and
    inserting the following:
        ``(f) Bioenergy Research Centers.--
                ``(1) In general.--In carrying out the program under
            section 306(a) of the Department of Energy Research and
            Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18644(a)), the Director shall support
            up to 6 bioenergy research centers to conduct fundamental
            research in plant and microbial systems biology, biological
            imaging and analysis, and genomics, and to accelerate advanced
            research and development of advanced biofuels, bioenergy or
            biobased materials, chemicals, and products that are produced
            from a variety of regionally diverse feedstocks, and to
            facilitate the translation of research results to industry. The
            activities of the centers authorized under this subsection may
            include--
                        ``(A) accelerating the domestication of bioenergy-
                    relevant plants, microbes, and associated microbial
                    communities to enable high-impact, value-added
                    coproduct development at multiple points in the
                    bioenergy supply chain;
                        ``(B) developing the science and technological
                    advances to ensure process sustainability is considered
                    in the creation of advanced biofuels and bioproducts
                    from lignocellulosic biomass; and
                        ``(C) using the latest tools in genomics, molecular
                    biology, catalysis science, chemical engineering,
                    systems biology, and computational and robotics
                    technologies to sustainably produce and transform
                    biomass into advanced biofuels and bioproducts.
                ``(2) Selection and duration.--
                        ``(A) In general.--A center established under
                    paragraph (1) shall be selected on a competitive,
                    merit-reviewed basis for a period of not more than 5
                    years, subject to the availability of appropriations,
                    beginning on the date of establishment of that center.
                        ``(B) Applications.--The Director shall consider
                    applications from National Laboratories, multi-
                    institutional collaborations, and other appropriate
                    entities.
                        ``(C) Existing centers.--A center already in
                    existence on the date of enactment of the Research and
                    Development, Competition, and Innovation Act may
                    continue to receive support for a period of not more
                    than 5 years beginning on the date of establishment of
                    that center.
                        ``(D) New centers.--The Director shall select any
                    new center pursuant to paragraph (1) on a competitive,
                    merit-reviewed basis, with special consideration for
                    applications from an institution of higher education
                    (as defined in section 101 of the Higher Education Act
                    of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001)) that is located in an
                    eligible jurisdiction (as defined in section
                    2203(b)(3)(A) of the Energy Policy Act of 1992 (42
                    U.S.C. 13503(b)(3)(A))).
                ``(3) Renewal.--After the end of the applicable period
            described in paragraph (2), the Director may renew support for
            a center for a period of not more than 5 years on a merit-
            reviewed basis. For a center in operation for 10 years after
            its previous selection on a competitive, merit-reviewed basis,
            the Director may renew support for the center on a competitive,
            merit-reviewed basis for a period of not more than 5 years, and
            may subsequently provide an additional renewal on a merit-
            reviewed basis for a period of not more than 5 years.
                ``(4) Activities.--Centers shall undertake research
            activities to accelerate the production of advanced biofuels
            and bioproducts from biomass resources by identifying the most
            suitable species of plants for use as energy crops; and
            improving methods of breeding, propagation, planting,
            producing, harvesting, storage and processing. Activities may
            include the following:
                        ``(A) Research activities to increase
                    sustainability, including--
                                ``(i) advancing knowledge of how bioenergy
                            crop interactions with biotic and abiotic
                            environmental factors influence crop growth,
                            yield, and quality;
                                ``(ii) identifying the most impactful
                            research areas that address the economics of
                            advanced biofuels and bioproducts production;
                            and
                                ``(iii) utilizing multiscale modeling to
                            advance predictive understanding of advanced
                            biofuel cropping ecosystems.
                        ``(B) Research activities to further feedstock
                    development, including lignocellulosic, algal, gaseous
                    wastes including carbon oxides and methane, and direct
                    air capture of single carbon gases via plants and
                    microbes, including--
                                ``(i) developing genetic and genomic tools,
                            high-throughput analytical tools, and
                            biosystems design approaches to enhance
                            bioenergy feedstocks and their associated
                            microbiomes;
                                ``(ii) conducting field testing of new
                            potential bioenergy feedstock crops under
                            environmentally benign and geographically
                            diverse conditions to assess viability and
                            robustness; and
                                ``(iii) developing quantitative models
                            informed by experimentation to predict how
                            bioenergy feedstocks perform under diverse
                            conditions.
                        ``(C) Research activities to improve
                    lignocellulosic deconstruction and separation methods,
                    including--
                                ``(i) developing feedstock-agnostic
                            deconstruction processes capable of efficiently
                            fractionating biomass into targeted output
                            streams;
                                ``(ii) gaining a detailed understanding of
                            plant cell wall biosynthesis, composition,
                            structure, and properties during
                            deconstruction; and
                                ``(iii) improving enzymes and approaches
                            for biomass breakdown and cellulose,
                            hemicellulose, and lignin processing.
                        ``(D) Research activities to improve the feedstock
                    conversion process for advanced biofuels and
                    bioproducts, including--
                                ``(i) developing high-throughput methods to
                            screen or select high-performance microbial
                            strains and communities to improve product
                            formation rates, yields, and selectivity;
                                ``(ii) establishing a broad set of platform
                            microorganisms and microbial communities
                            suitable for metabolic engineering to produce
                            advanced biofuels and bioproducts and high-
                            throughput methods for experimental validation
                            of gene function;
                                ``(iii) developing techniques to enhance
                            microbial robustness for tolerating toxins to
                            improve advanced biofuel and bioproduct yields
                            and to gain a better understanding of the
                            cellular and molecular bases of tolerance for
                            major chemical classes of inhibitors found in
                            these processes;
                                ``(iv) advancing technologies for the use
                            of batch, continuous, and consolidated
                            bioprocessing;
                                ``(v) identifying, creating, and optimizing
                            microbial and chemical pathways to produce
                            promising, atom-economical intermediates and
                            final bioproducts from biomass with
                            considerations given to environmentally benign
                            processes;
                                ``(vi) developing high-throughput, real-
                            time, in situ analytical techniques to
                            understand and characterize the pre- and post-
                            bioproduct separation streams in detail;
                                ``(vii) creating methodologies for
                            efficiently identifying viable target
                            molecules, identifying high-value bioproducts
                            in existing biomass streams, and utilizing
                            current byproduct streams;
                                ``(viii) identifying and improving plant
                            feedstocks with enhanced extractable levels of
                            desired bioproducts or bioproduct precursors,
                            including lignin streams; and
                                ``(ix) developing integrated biological and
                            chemical catalytic approaches to valorize and
                            produce a diverse portfolio of advanced
                            biofuels and bioproducts.
                ``(5) Industry partnerships.--Centers shall establish
            industry partnerships to translate research results to
            commercial applications.
                ``(6) Coordination.--In coordination with the Bioenergy
            Technologies Office of the Department, the Secretary shall
            support interdisciplinary research activities to improve the
            capacity, efficiency, resilience, security, reliability, and
            affordability, of the production and use of advanced biofuels
            and bioproducts, as well as activities to enable positive
            impacts and avoid the potential negative impacts that the
            production and use of advanced biofuels and bioproducts may
            have on ecosystems, people, and historically marginalized
            communities.
                ``(7) Funding.--Of the funds authorized to be appropriated
            under subsection (k) of section 306 of the Department of Energy
            Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18644) for a fiscal
            year, there is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary
            to carry out this subsection $30,000,000 per center established
            under paragraph (1) for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027.
                ``(8) Definitions.--In this subsection:
                        ``(A) Advanced biofuel.--The term `advanced
                    biofuel' has the meaning given the term in section 9001
                    of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002
                    (7 U.S.C. 8101).
                        ``(B) Bioenergy.--The term `bioenergy' means energy
                    derived from biofuels.
                        ``(C) Biomass.--The term `biomass' has the meaning
                    given the term in section 203(b) of the Energy Policy
                    Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 15852(b)).
                        ``(D) Bioproduct.--The term `bioproduct' has the
                    meaning given the term `biobased product' in section
                    9001 of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of
                    2002 (7 U.S.C. 8101).''.

    SEC. 10104. ADVANCED SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING RESEARCH PROGRAM.

        (a) Advanced Scientific Computing Research.--Section 304 of the
    Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18642) is
    amended--
                (1) by redesignating subsections (a) through (c) as
            subsections (b) through (d), respectively;
                (2) by inserting before subsection (b), as so redesignated,
            the following:
        ``(a) In General.--As part of the activities authorized under
    section 209 of the Department of Energy Organization Act (42 U.S.C.
    7139), the Director shall carry out, in coordination with academia and
    relevant public and private sector entities, a research, development,
    and demonstration program--
                ``(1) to steward applied mathematics, computational
            science, and computer science research relevant to the missions
            of the Department and the competitiveness of the United States;
                ``(2) to develop modeling, simulation, and other
            computational tools relevant to other scientific disciplines
            and to the development of new energy technologies and other
            technologies;
                ``(3) to advance computing and networking capabilities for
            data-driven discovery; and
                ``(4) to develop advanced scientific computing hardware and
            software tools for science and engineering.'';
                (3) in subsection (c), as so redesignated--
                        (A) by striking ``The Director'' and inserting the
                    following:
                ``(1) Director.--The Director''; and
                        (B) by adding at the end the following:
                ``(2) Coordination.--The Under Secretary for Science shall
            ensure the coordination of the activities of the Department,
            including activities under this section, to determine and meet
            the computational and networking research and facility needs of
            the Office of Science and all other relevant energy technology
            and energy efficiency programs within the Department and with
            other Federal agencies as appropriate.'';
                (4) by amending subsection (d), as so redesignated, to read
            as follows:
        ``(d) Applied Mathematics and Software Development for High-End
    Computing Systems and Computer Sciences Research.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Director shall carry out activities
            to develop, test, and support--
                        ``(A) mathematics, statistics, and algorithms for
                    modeling complex systems relevant to the missions of
                    the Department, including on advanced computing
                    architectures; and
                        ``(B) tools, languages, programming environments,
                    and operations for high-end computing systems (as
                    defined in section 2 of the American Super Computing
                    Leadership Act of 2017 (15 U.S.C. 5541)).
                ``(2) Portfolio balance.--
                        ``(A) In general.--The Director shall maintain a
                    balanced portfolio within the advanced scientific
                    computing research and development program established
                    under section 976 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42
                    U.S.C. 16316) that supports robust investment in--
                                ``(i) applied mathematical, computational,
                            and computer sciences research needs relevant
                            to the mission of the Department, including
                            foundational areas that are critical to the
                            advancement of energy sciences and technologies
                            and new and emerging computing technologies;
                            and
                                ``(ii) associated high-performance
                            computing hardware and facilities.
                        ``(B) Exascale ecosystem sustainment.--
                                ``(i) Sense of congress.--It is the sense
                            of Congress that the Exascale Computing Project
                            has successfully created a broad ecosystem that
                            provides shared software packages, novel
                            evaluation systems, and applications relevant
                            to the science and engineering requirements of
                            the Department, and that such products must be
                            maintained and improved in order that the full
                            potential of the deployed systems can be
                            continuously realized.
                                ``(ii) Sustainment.--The Secretary shall
                            seek to sustain and evolve the ecosystem
                            described in clause (i) to ensure that the
                            exascale software stack and other research
                            software will continue to be maintained,
                            hardened, and otherwise optimized for long-term
                            use on exascale systems and beyond and reliable
                            availability to the user community.''; and
                (5) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(e) Advanced Computing Program.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall establish a program
            to develop and implement a strategy for achieving computing
            systems with capabilities beyond exascale computing systems. In
            establishing this program, the Secretary shall--
                        ``(A) maintain foundational research programs in
                    mathematical, computational, and computer sciences
                    focused on new and emerging computing needs within the
                    mission of the Department, including post-Moore's law
                    computing architectures, novel approaches to modeling
                    and simulation, artificial intelligence and scientific
                    machine learning, quantum computing, edge computing,
                    extreme heterogeneity, including potential quantum
                    accelerators, and distributed high-performance
                    computing;
                        ``(B) retain best practices and maintain support
                    for essential hardware, applications, and software
                    elements of the Exascale Computing Program that are
                    necessary for sustaining the vitality of a long-term
                    capable software ecosystem for exascale and beyond; and
                        ``(C) develop a Department-wide strategy for
                    balancing on-premises and cloud-based computing and
                    scientific data management.
                ``(2) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of
            enactment of the Research and Development, Competition, and
            Innovation Act, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on
            Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives
            and the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate
            a report on the development and implementation of the strategy
            described in paragraph (1).
        ``(f) Guidance on Mitigation of Bias in High-performance Computing
    Capabilities.--In leveraging high-performance computing systems for
    research purposes, including through the use of machine learning
    algorithms for data analysis and artificial intelligence, the Secretary
    shall issue, and ensure adherence to, guidance for the Department, the
    National Laboratories, and users as to how those capabilities should be
    employed in a manner that mitigates and, to the maximum extent
    practicable, avoids harmful algorithmic bias.
        ``(g) Architectural Research in Heterogeneous Computing Systems.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall carry out a program
            of research and development in heterogeneous and reconfigurable
            computing systems to expand understanding of the potential for
            heterogeneous and reconfigurable computing systems to deliver
            high performance, high efficiency computing for Department
            mission challenges. The program shall include research and
            development that explores the convergence of big data
            analytics, simulations, and artificial intelligence to drive
            the design of heterogeneous computing system architectures.
                ``(2) Coordination.--In carrying out the program described
            in paragraph (1), the Secretary shall ensure coordination
            between research activities undertaken by the Advanced
            Scientific Computing Research program and materials research
            supported by the Basic Energy Sciences program within the
            Office of Science.
        ``(h) Energy Efficient Computing Program.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall support a program of
            fundamental research, development, and demonstration of energy
            efficient computing and data center technologies relevant to
            advanced computing applications, including high-performance
            computing, artificial intelligence, and scientific machine
            learning.
                ``(2) Execution.--
                        ``(A) Program.--In carrying out the program under
                    paragraph (1), the Secretary shall--
                                ``(i) establish a partnership for National
                            Laboratories, industry partners, and
                            institutions of higher education for codesign
                            of energy efficient hardware, technology,
                            software, and applications across all
                            applicable program offices of the Department,
                            and provide access to energy efficient
                            computing resources to such partners;
                                ``(ii) develop hardware and software
                            technologies that decrease the energy needs of
                            advanced computing practices, including through
                            data center codesign;
                                ``(iii) consider multiple heterogeneous
                            computing architectures in collaboration with
                            the program established under subsection (g),
                            including neuromorphic computing, persistent
                            computing, and ultrafast networking; and
                                ``(iv) provide, as appropriate, on a
                            competitive, merit-reviewed basis, access for
                            researchers from institutions of higher
                            education, National Laboratories, industry, and
                            other Federal agencies to the energy efficient
                            computing technologies developed pursuant to
                            clause (i).
                        ``(B) Selection of partners.--In selecting
                    participants for the partnership established under
                    subparagraph (A)(i), the Secretary shall select
                    participants through a competitive, merit review
                    process.
                        ``(C) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date
                    of enactment of the Research and Development,
                    Competition, and Innovation Act, the Secretary shall
                    submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and
                    Technology of the House of Representatives and the
                    Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate
                    a report on--
                                ``(i) the activities conducted under
                            subparagraph (A); and
                                ``(ii) the coordination and management of
                            the program under subparagraph (A) to ensure an
                            integrated research program across the
                            Department.
        ``(i) Energy Sciences Network.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall provide for upgrades
            to the Energy Sciences Network user facility in order to meet
            the research needs of the Department for highly reliable data
            transport capabilities optimized for the requirements of large-
            scale science.
                ``(2) Capabilities.--In carrying out paragraph (1), the
            Secretary shall ensure the following capabilities:
                        ``(A) To provide high bandwidth scientific
                    networking across the continental United States and the
                    Atlantic Ocean.
                        ``(B) To ensure network reliability.
                        ``(C) To protect the network infrastructure from
                    cyberattacks.
                        ``(D) To manage transport of exponentially
                    increasing levels of data from the Department's
                    National Laboratories and sites, user facilities,
                    experiments, and sensors.
                        ``(E) To contribute to the integration of
                    heterogeneous computing frameworks and systems.
        ``(j) Computational Science Graduate Fellowship.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall support the
            Computational Science Graduate Fellowship program in order to
            facilitate collaboration between graduate students and
            researchers at the National Laboratories, and contribute to the
            development of a diverse and inclusive computational workforce
            to help advance research in all areas of computational science
            relevant to the mission of the Department, including quantum
            computing.
                ``(2) Funding.--Of the funds authorized to be appropriated
            for the Advanced Scientific Computing Research Program, there
            are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary for carrying
            out activities under this subsection--
                        ``(A) $15,750,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                        ``(B) $16,537,500 for fiscal year 2024;
                        ``(C) $17,364,375 for fiscal year 2025;
                        ``(D) $18,232,594 for fiscal year 2026; and
                        ``(E) $19,144,223 for fiscal year 2027.
        ``(k) Authorization of Appropriations.--Out of funds authorized to
    be appropriated for the Office of Science in a fiscal year, there are
    authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the
    activities described in this section--
                ``(1) $1,126,950,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                ``(2) $1,194,109,500 for fiscal year 2024;
                ``(3) $1,265,275,695 for fiscal year 2025;
                ``(4) $1,340,687,843 for fiscal year 2026; and
                ``(5) $1,420,599,500 for fiscal year 2027.''.
        (b) Quantum Science Network.--
                (1) Definitions.--Section 2 of the National Quantum
            Initiative Act (15 U.S.C. 8801) is amended--
                        (A) by redesignating paragraph (7) as paragraph
                    (8); and
                        (B) by inserting after paragraph (6) the following:
                ``(7) Quantum network infrastructure.--The term `quantum
            network infrastructure' means any facility, expertise, or
            capability that is necessary to enable the development and
            deployment of scalable and diverse quantum network
            technologies.''.
                (2) Department of energy quantum network infrastructure
            research and development program.--
                        (A) In general.--Title IV of the National Quantum
                    Initiative Act (15 U.S.C. 8851 et seq.) is amended by
                    adding at the end the following:

    ``SEC. 403. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY QUANTUM NETWORK INFRASTRUCTURE
                  RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM.

        ``(a) In General.--The Secretary of Energy (referred to in this
    section as the `Secretary') shall carry out a research, development,
    and demonstration program to accelerate innovation in quantum network
    infrastructure in order to--
                ``(1) facilitate the advancement of distributed quantum
            computing systems through the internet and intranet;
                ``(2) improve the precision of measurements of scientific
            phenomena and physical imaging technologies;
                ``(3) develop secure national quantum communications
            technologies and strategies;
                ``(4) demonstrate quantum networking utilizing the
            Department of Energy's Energy Sciences Network User Facility;
            and
                ``(5) advance the relevant domestic supply chains,
            manufacturing capabilities, and associated simulations or
            modeling capabilities.
        ``(b) Program.--In carrying out this section, the Secretary shall--
                ``(1) coordinate with--
                        ``(A) the Director of the National Science
                    Foundation;
                        ``(B) the Director of the National Institute of
                    Standards and Technology;
                        ``(C) the Chair of the Subcommittee on Quantum
                    Information Science of the National Science and
                    Technology Council established under section 103(a);
                    and
                        ``(D) the Chair of the Subcommittee on the Economic
                    and Security Implications of Quantum Science;
                ``(2) conduct cooperative research with industry, National
            Laboratories, institutions of higher education, and other
            research institutions to facilitate new quantum infrastructure
            methods and technologies, including--
                        ``(A) quantum-limited detectors, ultra-low loss
                    optical channels, space-to-ground connections, and
                    classical networking and cybersecurity protocols;
                        ``(B) entanglement and hyper-entangled state
                    sources and transmission, control, and measurement of
                    quantum states;
                        ``(C) quantum interconnects that allow short range
                    local connections between quantum processors;
                        ``(D) transducers for quantum sources and signals
                    between optical wavelength regimes, including
                    telecommunications regimes and quantum computer-
                    relevant domains, including microwaves;
                        ``(E) development of quantum memory buffers and
                    small-scale quantum computers that are compatible with
                    photon-based quantum bits in the optical or
                    telecommunications wavelengths;
                        ``(F) long-range entanglement distribution,
                    including allowing entanglement-based protocols between
                    small- and large scale quantum processors, at the
                    terrestrial and space-based level using quantum
                    repeaters and optical or laser communications;
                        ``(G) quantum routers, multiplexers, repeaters, and
                    related technologies necessary to create secure long-
                    distance quantum communication; and
                        ``(H) integration of systems across the quantum
                    technology stack into traditional computing networks,
                    including the development of remote controlled, high-
                    performance, and reliable implementations of key
                    quantum network components by leveraging the expertise,
                    infrastructure and supplemental investments at the
                    National Laboratories in the Energy Sciences Network
                    User Facility;
                ``(3) engage with the Quantum Economic Development
            Consortium and other organizations, as applicable, to
            transition component technologies to help facilitate as
            appropriate the development of a quantum supply chain for
            quantum network technologies;
                ``(4) advance basic research in advanced scientific
            computing, particle and nuclear physics, and material science
            to enhance the understanding, prediction, and manipulation of
            materials, processes, and physical phenomena relevant to
            quantum network infrastructure;
                ``(5) develop experimental tools and testbeds in
            collaboration with the Energy Sciences Network User Facility
            necessary to support cross-cutting fundamental research and
            development activities with diverse stakeholders from industry,
            National Laboratories, and institutions of higher education;
            and
                ``(6) consider quantum network infrastructure applications
            that span the Department of Energy's missions in energy,
            environment, and national security.
        ``(c) Leveraging.--In carrying out this section, the Secretary
    shall leverage resources, infrastructure, and expertise across the
    Department of Energy and from--
                ``(1) the National Institute of Standards and Technology;
                ``(2) the National Science Foundation;
                ``(3) the National Aeronautics and Space Administration;
                ``(4) other relevant Federal agencies;
                ``(5) the National Laboratories;
                ``(6) industry stakeholders;
                ``(7) institutions of higher education; and
                ``(8) the National Quantum Information Science Research
            Centers.
        ``(d) Research Plan.--Not later than 180 days after the date of
    enactment of the Research and Development, Competition, and Innovation
    Act, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and
    Technology of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Energy
    and Natural Resources of the Senate a 4-year research plan that
    identifies and prioritizes basic research needs relating to quantum
    network infrastructure.
        ``(e) Standard of Review.--The Secretary shall review activities
    carried out under this section to determine the achievement of
    technical milestones.
        ``(f) Funding.--Of the funds authorized to be appropriated for the
    Department of Energy's Office of Science, there is authorized to be
    appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the activities under this
    section $100,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027.

    ``SEC. 404. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY QUANTUM USER EXPANSION FOR SCIENCE AND
                  TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM.

        ``(a) In General.--The Secretary of Energy (referred to in this
    section as the `Secretary') shall establish and carry out a program, to
    be known as the `Quantum User Expansion for Science and Technology
    program' or `QUEST program', to encourage and facilitate access to
    United States quantum computing hardware and quantum computing clouds
    for research purposes--
                ``(1) to enhance the United States quantum research
            enterprise;
                ``(2) to educate the future quantum computing workforce;
                ``(3) to accelerate the advancement of United States
            quantum computing capabilities; and
                ``(4) to advance the relevant domestic supply chains,
            manufacturing processes, and associated simulations or modeling
            capabilities.
        ``(b) Program.--In carrying out this section, the Secretary shall--
                ``(1) coordinate with--
                        ``(A) the Director of the National Science
                    Foundation;
                        ``(B) the Director of the National Institute of
                    Standards and Technology;
                        ``(C) the Chair of the Subcommittee on Quantum
                    Information Science of the National Science and
                    Technology Council established under section 103(a);
                    and
                        ``(D) the Chair of the Subcommittee on the Economic
                    and Security Implications of Quantum Science;
                ``(2) provide researchers based within the United States
            with access to, and use of, United States quantum computing
            resources through a competitive, merit-reviewed process;
                ``(3) consider applications from the National Laboratories,
            multi-institutional collaborations, institutions of higher
            education, industry stakeholders, and any other entities that
            the Secretary determines are appropriate to provide national
            leadership on quantum computing related issues;
                ``(4) coordinate with private sector stakeholders, the user
            community, and interagency partners on program development and
            best management practices; and
                ``(5) to the extent practicable, balance user access to
            commercial prototypes available for use across a broad class of
            applications and Federal research prototypes that enable
            benchmarking a wider variety of early-stage devices.
        ``(c) Leveraging.--In carrying out this section, the Secretary
    shall leverage resources and expertise across the Department of Energy
    and from--
                ``(1) the National Institute of Standards and Technology;
                ``(2) the National Science Foundation;
                ``(3) the National Aeronautics and Space Administration;
                ``(4) other relevant Federal agencies;
                ``(5) the National Laboratories;
                ``(6) industry stakeholders;
                ``(7) institutions of higher education; and
                ``(8) the National Quantum Information Science Research
            Centers.
        ``(d) Security.--In carrying out the activities authorized by this
    section, the Secretary, in consultation with the Director of the
    National Science Foundation and the Director of the National Institute
    of Standards and Technology, shall ensure proper security controls are
    in place to protect sensitive information, as appropriate.
        ``(e) Funding.--Of the funds authorized to be appropriated for the
    Department of Energy's Office of Science, there are authorized to be
    appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the activities under this
    section--
                ``(1) $30,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                ``(2) $31,500,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                ``(3) $33,075,000 for fiscal year 2025;
                ``(4) $34,728,750 for fiscal year 2026; and
                ``(5) $36,465,188 for fiscal year 2027.''.
                        (B) Clerical amendment.--The table of contents in
                    section 1(b) of the National Quantum Initiative Act
                    (Public Law 115-368; 132 Stat. 5092) is amended by
                    inserting after the item relating to section 402 the
                    following:

    ``Sec. 403. Department of Energy quantum network infrastructure
                                research and development program.
    ``Sec. 404. Department of Energy quantum user expansion for science and
                                technology program.''.

    SEC. 10105. FUSION ENERGY RESEARCH.

        (a) Fusion Energy Research.--Section 307 of the Department of
    Energy Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18645) is amended--
                (1) in subsection (b)--
                        (A) in paragraph (2), by redesignating
                    subparagraphs (A) and (B) as clauses (i) and (ii),
                    respectively, and indenting appropriately;
                        (B) by redesignating paragraphs (1) and (2) as
                    subparagraphs (A) and (B), respectively, and indenting
                    appropriately;
                        (C) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A) (as so
                    redesignated), by striking ``As part of'' and inserting
                    the following:
                ``(1) In general.--As part of''; and
                        (D) by adding at the end the following:
                ``(2) Authorization of appropriations.--Out of funds
            authorized to be appropriated under subsection (q), there is
            authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out
            activities described in paragraph (1) $50,000,000 for each of
            fiscal years 2023 through 2027.'';
                (2) in subsection (d)(3)--
                        (A) by striking ``(o)'' and inserting ``(q)'';
                        (B) by striking ``subsection (d)'' and inserting
                    ``this subsection''; and
                        (C) by striking ``2025'' and inserting ``2027'';
                (3) in subsection (e)(4)--
                        (A) by striking ``(o)'' and inserting ``(q)'';
                        (B) by striking ``subsection (e)'' and inserting
                    ``this subsection''; and
                        (C) by striking ``2025'' and inserting ``2027'';
                (4) in subsection (i)(10)--
                        (A) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A)--
                                (i) by striking ``(o)'' and inserting
                            ``(q)''; and
                                (ii) by striking ``subsection (i)'' and
                            inserting ``this subsection'';
                        (B) in subparagraph (D), by striking ``and'' at the
                    end;
                        (C) in subparagraph (E), by striking the period at
                    the end and inserting a semicolon; and
                        (D) by adding at the end the following:
                        ``(F) $45,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
                        ``(G) $45,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.'';
                (5) by striking subsection (j) and inserting the following:
        ``(j) Fusion Reactor System Design.--
                ``(1) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the date
            of enactment of the Research and Development, Competition, and
            Innovation Act, the Director shall establish not less than 2
            national teams described in paragraph (2) that shall--
                        ``(A) develop conceptual pilot plant designs and
                    technology roadmaps; and
                        ``(B) create an engineering design of a pilot plant
                    that will bring fusion to commercial viability.
                ``(2) National teams.--A national team referred to in
            paragraph (1) shall--
                        ``(A) be composed of developers, manufacturers,
                    universities, National Laboratories, and
                    representatives of the engineering, procurement, and
                    construction industries; and
                        ``(B) include public-private partnerships.
                ``(3) Authorization of appropriations.--Of the funds
            authorized to be appropriated for Fusion Energy Sciences in a
            fiscal year, there are authorized to be appropriated to the
            Secretary to carry out this subsection--
                        ``(A) $35,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                        ``(B) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                        ``(C) $65,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
                        ``(D) $80,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
                        ``(E) $80,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.'';
                (6) by redesignating subsection (o) as subsection (r);
                (7) by inserting after subsection (n) the following:
        ``(o) High-performance Computation Collaborative Research
    Program.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall carry out a program
            to conduct and support collaborative research, development, and
            demonstration of fusion energy technologies, through high-
            performance computation modeling and simulation techniques, in
            order--
                        ``(A) to support fundamental research in plasmas
                    and matter at very high temperatures and densities;
                        ``(B) to inform the development of a broad range of
                    fusion energy systems; and
                        ``(C) to facilitate the translation of research
                    results in fusion energy science to industry.
                ``(2) Coordination.--In carrying out the program under
            paragraph (1), the Secretary shall coordinate with relevant
            Federal agencies, and prioritize the following objectives:
                        ``(A) To use expertise from the private sector,
                    institutions of higher education, and the National
                    Laboratories to leverage existing, and develop new,
                    computational software and capabilities that
                    prospective users may use to accelerate research and
                    development of fusion energy systems.
                        ``(B) To develop computational tools to simulate
                    and predict fusion energy science phenomena that may be
                    validated through physical experimentation.
                        ``(C) To increase the utility of the research
                    infrastructure of the Department by coordinating with
                    the Advanced Scientific Computing Research program
                    within the Office of Science.
                        ``(D) To leverage experience from existing modeling
                    and simulation entities sponsored by the Department.
                        ``(E) To ensure that new experimental and
                    computational tools are accessible to relevant research
                    communities, including private sector entities engaged
                    in fusion energy technology development.
                        ``(F) To ensure that newly developed computational
                    tools are compatible with modern virtual engineering
                    and visualization capabilities to accelerate the
                    realization of fusion energy technologies and systems.
                ``(3) Duplication.--The Secretary shall ensure the
            coordination of, and avoid unnecessary duplication of, the
            activities of the program under paragraph (1) with the
            activities of--
                        ``(A) other research entities of the Department,
                    including the National Laboratories, the Advanced
                    Research Projects Agency--Energy, and the Advanced
                    Scientific Computing Research program within the Office
                    of Science; and
                        ``(B) industry.
                ``(4) High-performance computing for fusion innovation
            center.--
                        ``(A) In general.--In carrying out the program
                    under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall, in
                    coordination with the Innovation Network for Fusion
                    Energy, establish and operate a national High-
                    Performance Computing for Fusion Innovation Center
                    (referred to in this paragraph as the `Center'), to
                    support the program under paragraph (1) by providing,
                    to the extent practicable, a centralized entity for
                    multidisciplinary, collaborative, fusion energy
                    research and development through high-performance
                    computing and advanced data analytics technologies and
                    processes.
                        ``(B) Eligible entities.--An entity eligible to
                    serve as the Center shall be--
                                ``(i) a National Laboratory;
                                ``(ii) an institution of higher education;
                                ``(iii) a multi-institutional
                            collaboration; or
                                ``(iv) any other entity that the Secretary
                            determines to be appropriate.
                        ``(C) Application; selection.--
                                ``(i) Application.--To be eligible to serve
                            as the Center, an eligible entity shall submit
                            to the Secretary an application at such time,
                            in such manner, and containing such information
                            as the Secretary may require.
                                ``(ii) Selection.--The Secretary shall
                            select the Center on a competitive, merit-
                            reviewed basis.
                        ``(D) Existing activities.--The Center may
                    incorporate existing research activities that are
                    consistent with the program under paragraph (1).
                        ``(E) Priorities.--
                                ``(i) In general.--The Center shall
                            prioritize activities that utilize expertise
                            and infrastructure from a balance among the
                            private sector, institutions of higher
                            education, and the National Laboratories to
                            enhance existing computation tools and develop
                            new computational software and capabilities to
                            accelerate the commercial application of fusion
                            energy systems.
                                ``(ii) Maintenance of resource
                            availability.--The Secretary may enter into
                            contracts with commercial cloud computing
                            providers to ensure that resource availability
                            within the Department is not reduced or
                            disproportionately distributed as a result of
                            Center activities.
                        ``(F) Duration.--Subject to subparagraph (G), the
                    Center shall receive support for a period of not more
                    than 5 years, subject to the availability of
                    appropriations.
                        ``(G) Renewal.--On the expiration of the period of
                    support of the Center under subparagraph (F), the
                    Secretary may renew support for the Center, on a merit-
                    reviewed basis, for a period of not more than 5 years.
        ``(p) Material Plasma Exposure Experiment.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall construct a Material
            Plasma Exposure Experiment facility as described in the 2020
            publication approved by the Fusion Energy Sciences Advisory
            Committee entitled `Powering the Future: Fusion and Plasmas'.
            The Secretary shall consult with the private sector,
            institutions of higher education, National Laboratories, and
            relevant Federal agencies to ensure that the facility is
            capable of meeting Federal research needs for steady state,
            high-heat-flux, and plasma-material interaction testing of
            fusion materials over a range of fusion energy relevant
            parameters.
                ``(2) Facility capabilities.--The Secretary shall ensure
            that the facility described in paragraph (1) will provide the
            following capabilities:
                        ``(A) A magnetic field at the target of 1 Tesla.
                        ``(B) An energy flux at the target of 10 MW/m\2\.
                        ``(C) The ability to expose previously irradiated
                    plasma facing material samples to plasma.
                ``(3) Start of operations.--The Secretary shall, subject to
            the availability of appropriations, ensure that the start of
            full operations of the facility described in paragraph (1)
            occurs before December 31, 2027.
                ``(4) Funding.--Of the funds authorized to be appropriated
            for Fusion Energy Sciences, there are authorized to be
            appropriated to the Secretary for the Office of Fusion Energy
            Sciences to complete construction of the facility described in
            paragraph (1)--
                        ``(A) $21,895,000 for fiscal year 2023; and
                        ``(B) $3,800,000 for fiscal year 2024.
        ``(q) Matter in Extreme Conditions Instrument Upgrade.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall provide for the
            upgrade to the Matter in Extreme Conditions endstation at the
            Linac Coherent Light Source as described in the 2020
            publication approved by the Fusion Energy Sciences Advisory
            Committee entitled `Powering the Future: Fusion and Plasmas'.
            The Secretary shall consult with the private sector,
            institutions of higher education, National Laboratories, and
            relevant Federal agencies to ensure that this facility is
            capable of meeting Federal research needs for understanding
            physical and chemical changes to plasmas at fundamental
            timescales, and explore new regimes of dense material physics,
            astrophysics, planetary physics, and short-pulse laser-plasma
            interactions.
                ``(2) Start of operations.--The Secretary shall, subject to
            the availability of appropriations, ensure that the start of
            full operations of the facility described in paragraph (1)
            occurs before December 31, 2028.''; and
                (8) in subsection (r) (as so redesignated)--
                        (A) by striking ``There'' and inserting ``Out of
                    funds authorized to be appropriated for the Office of
                    Science in a fiscal year, there''; and
                        (B) by striking paragraphs (3) through (5) and
                    inserting the following:
                ``(3) $1,025,500,400 for fiscal year 2023;
                ``(4) $1,043,489,724 for fiscal year 2024;
                ``(5) $1,053,266,107 for fiscal year 2025;
                ``(6) $1,047,962,074 for fiscal year 2026; and
                ``(7) $1,114,187,798 for fiscal year 2027.''.
        (b) ITER Construction.--Section 972(c)(3) of the Energy Policy Act
    of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16312(c)(3)) is amended--
                (1) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            and
                (2) by striking subparagraph (B) and inserting the
            following:
                        ``(B) $379,700,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                        ``(C) $419,250,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                        ``(D) $415,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
                        ``(E) $370,500,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
                        ``(F) $411,078,000 for fiscal year 2027.''.

    SEC. 10106. HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS PROGRAM.

        (a) Program.--Section 305 of the Department of Energy Research and
    Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18643) is amended--
                (1) by redesignating subsections (b) through (d) as
            subsections (d) through (f), respectively; and
                (2) by inserting after subsection (a) the following:
        ``(b) Program.--As part of the activities authorized under section
    209 of the Department of Energy Organization Act (42 U.S.C. 7139), the
    Director shall carry out a research program in elementary particle
    physics and advanced technology research and development to improve the
    understanding of the fundamental properties of the universe, including
    constituents of matter and energy and the nature of space and time.
        ``(c) High Energy Frontier Research.--As part of the program
    described in subsection (b), the Director shall carry out research
    using high energy accelerators and advanced detectors, including
    accelerators and detectors that will function as national user
    facilities, to create and study interactions of elementary particles
    and investigate fundamental forces.''.
        (b) International Collaboration.--Section 305 of the Department of
    Energy Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18643) is amended by
    striking subsection (d) (as redesignated by subsection (a)(1)) and
    inserting the following:
        ``(d) International Collaboration.--The Director shall--
                ``(1) as practicable and in coordination with other
            appropriate Federal agencies as necessary, ensure the access of
            United States researchers to the most advanced accelerator
            facilities and research capabilities in the world, including
            the Large Hadron Collider;
                ``(2) to the maximum extent practicable, continue to
            leverage United States participation in the Large Hadron
            Collider, and prioritize expanding international partnerships
            and investments in the Long-Baseline Neutrino Facility and Deep
            Underground Neutrino Experiment; and
                ``(3) to the maximum extent practicable, prioritize
            engagement in collaborative efforts in support of future
            international facilities that would provide access to the most
            advanced accelerator facilities in the world to United States
            researchers.''.
        (c) Cosmic Frontier Research.--Section 305 of the Department of
    Energy Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18645) is amended by
    striking subsection (f) (as redesignated by subsection (a)(1)) and
    inserting the following:
        ``(f) Cosmic Frontier Research.--The Director shall carry out
    research activities on the nature of the primary contents of the
    universe, including the nature of dark energy and dark matter. These
    activities shall, to the maximum extent practicable, be consistent with
    the research priorities identified by the High Energy Physics Advisory
    Panel or the National Academy of Sciences, and may include--
                ``(1) collaborations with the National Aeronautics and
            Space Administration, the National Science Foundation, or
            international partners on relevant projects; and
                ``(2) the development of space-based, land-based, water-
            based, and underground facilities and experiments.''.
        (d) Further Activities.--Section 305 of the Department of Energy
    Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18645) (as amended by subsection
    (c)), is amended by adding at the end the following:
        ``(g) Facility Construction and Major Items of Equipment.--
                ``(1) Projects.--Consistent with the Office of Science's
            project management practices, the Director shall, to the
            maximum extent practicable, by incorporating the findings and
            recommendations of the 2014 Particle Physics Project
            Prioritization Panel (P5) report entitled `Building for
            Discovery', support construction or fabrication of--
                        ``(A) an international Long-Baseline Neutrino
                    Facility based in the United States;
                        ``(B) the Proton Improvement Plan II;
                        ``(C) Second Generation Dark Matter experiments;
                        ``(D) the Legacy Survey of Space and Time camera;
                        ``(E) upgrades to detectors and other components of
                    the Large Hadron Collider; and
                        ``(F) the Cosmic Microwave Background Stage 4
                    project; and
                        ``(G) other high priority projects recommended in
                    the most recent report of the Particle Physics Project
                    Prioritization Panel of the High Energy Physics
                    Advisory Panel.
                ``(2) Long-baseline neutrino facility.--
                        ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall support
                    construction of a Long-Baseline Neutrino Facility to
                    facilitate the international Deep Underground Neutrino
                    Experiment to examine the fundamental properties of
                    neutrinos, explore physics beyond the Standard Model,
                    and better clarify the existence and nature of
                    antimatter.
                        ``(B) Facility capabilities.--The Secretary shall
                    ensure that the facility described in subparagraph (A)
                    will provide, at a minimum, the following capabilities:
                                ``(i) A neutrino beam with wideband
                            capability of 1.2 megawatts of beam power and
                            upgradable to 2.4 megawatts of beam power.
                                ``(ii) 3 caverns excavated for a 70 kiloton
                            fiducial detector mass and supporting surface
                            buildings and utilities.
                                ``(iii) Cryogenic systems to support
                            neutrino detectors.
                        ``(C) Start of operations.--The Secretary shall,
                    subject to the availability of appropriations, ensure
                    that the start of full operations of the facility
                    described in subparagraph (A) occurs before December
                    31, 2031.
                        ``(D) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be
                    appropriated under subsection (k), there are authorized
                    to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out
                    construction of the project described in subparagraph
                    (A)--
                                ``(i) $180,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                                ``(ii) $255,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                                ``(iii) $305,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
                                ``(iv) $305,000,000 for fiscal year 2026;
                            and
                                ``(v) $305,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.
                ``(3) Proton improvement plan-ii accelerator upgrade
            project.--
                        ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall support
                    construction of the Proton Improvement Plan II, an
                    upgrade to the Fermilab accelerator complex identified
                    in the 2014 Particle Physics Project Prioritization
                    Panel (P5) report entitled `Building for Discovery', to
                    provide the world's most intense beam of neutrinos to
                    the international Long Baseline Neutrino Facility and
                    to carry out a broad range of future high energy
                    physics experiments. The Secretary shall work with
                    international partners to enable further significant
                    contributions to the capabilities of that project.
                        ``(B) Facility capabilities.--The Secretary shall
                    ensure that the facility described in subparagraph (A)
                    will provide, at a minimum, the following capabilities:
                                ``(i) A state-of-the-art 800 megaelectron
                            volt superconducting linear accelerator.
                                ``(ii) Proton beam power of 1.2 megawatts
                            at the start of LBNF/DUNE, upgradeable to 2.4
                            megawatts of beam power.
                                ``(iii) A flexible design to enable high
                            power beam delivery to multiple users
                            simultaneously and customized beams tailored to
                            specific scientific needs.
                                ``(iv) Sustained high reliability operation
                            of the Fermilab accelerator complex.
                        ``(C) Start of operations.--The Secretary shall,
                    subject to the availability of appropriations, ensure
                    that the start of full operations of the facility
                    described in subparagraph (A) occurs before December
                    31, 2028.
                        ``(D) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be
                    appropriated under subsection (k), there are authorized
                    to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out
                    construction of the facility described in subparagraph
                    (A)--
                                ``(i) $130,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                                ``(ii) $120,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                                ``(iii) $120,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
                                ``(iv) $115,000,000 for fiscal year 2026;
                            and
                                ``(v) $110,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.
                ``(4) Cosmic microwave background stage 4.--
                        ``(A) In general.--The Secretary, in partnership
                    with the Director of the National Science Foundation,
                    shall support construction of the Cosmic Microwave
                    Background Stage 4 project to survey the cosmic
                    microwave background to test theories of cosmic
                    inflation as described in the 2014 Particle Physics
                    Prioritization Panel (P5) report entitled `Building for
                    Discovery: Strategic Plan for U.S. Particle Physics in
                    the Global Context.'.
                        ``(B) Consultation.--The Secretary shall consult
                    with the private sector, institutions of higher
                    education, National Laboratories, and relevant Federal
                    agencies to ensure that the project described in
                    subparagraph (A) is capable of meeting Federal research
                    needs in accessing the ultra-high energy physics of
                    inflation and important neutrino properties.
                        ``(C) Experimental capabilities.--The Secretary
                    shall ensure to the maximum extent practicable that the
                    facility described in subparagraph (A) will provide, at
                    a minimum, 500,000 superconducting detectors deployed
                    on an array of millimeter-wave telescopes with the
                    required range in frequency, sensitivity, and survey
                    speed that will provide sufficient capability to enable
                    an order of magnitude advance in observations of the
                    Cosmic Microwave Background, delivering transformative
                    discoveries in fundamental physics, cosmology, and
                    astrophysics.
                        ``(D) Start of operations.--The Secretary shall,
                    subject to the availability of appropriations, ensure
                    that the start of full operations of the facility
                    described in subparagraph (A) occurs before December
                    31, 2030.
                        ``(E) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be
                    appropriated under subsection (k), there are authorized
                    to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out
                    construction of the facility described in subparagraph
                    (A)--
                                ``(i) $10,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                                ``(ii) $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                                ``(iii) $60,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
                                ``(iv) $80,000,000 for fiscal year 2026;
                            and
                                ``(v) $80,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.
        ``(h) Accelerator and Detector Upgrades.--The Director shall
    upgrade accelerator facilities and detectors, as necessary and
    appropriate, to increase beam power, sustain high reliability, and
    improve precision measurement to advance the highest priority particle
    physics research programs. In carrying out facility upgrades, the
    Director shall continue to work with international partners, when
    appropriate and in the United States' interest, to leverage investments
    and expertise in critical technologies to help build and upgrade
    accelerator and detector facilities in the United States.
        ``(i) Accelerator and Detector Research and Development.--As part
    of the program described in subsection (b), the Director shall carry
    out research and development in particle beam physics, accelerator
    science and technology, and particle and radiation detection with
    relevance to the specific needs of the High Energy Physics program, in
    coordination with the Accelerator Research and Development program
    authorized under section 310.
        ``(j) Underground Science.--The Director shall--
                ``(1) support an underground science program consistent
            with the missions of the Department and the scientific needs of
            the High Energy Physics program, including those articulated in
            the most recent report of the Particle Physics Project
            Prioritization Panel of the High Energy Physics Advisory Panel,
            that leverages the capabilities of relevant underground science
            and engineering facilities;
                ``(2) carry out a competitive grant program to award
            scientists and engineers at institutions of higher education,
            nonprofit institutions, and National Laboratories to conduct
            research in underground science and engineering; and
                ``(3) submit to the Committee on Energy and Natural
            Resources of the Senate and the Committee on Science, Space,
            and Technology of the House of Representatives a report on the
            inventory of underground mines in the United States that may be
            suitable for future development of underground science and
            engineering facilities and any anticipated challenges
            associated with repurposing, repair, facility siting, or
            construction.
        ``(k) Authorization of Appropriations.--Out of funds authorized to
    be appropriated for the Office of Science in a fiscal year, there are
    authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the
    activities described in this section--
                ``(1) $1,159,520,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                ``(2) $1,289,891,200 for fiscal year 2024;
                ``(3) $1,428,284,672 for fiscal year 2025;
                ``(4) $1,499,881,752 for fiscal year 2026; and
                ``(5) $1,554,874,657 for fiscal year 2027.''.

    SEC. 10107. NUCLEAR PHYSICS PROGRAM.

        Section 308 of the Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act
    (Public Law 115-246; 132 Stat. 3150) is amended to read as follows:

    ``SEC. 308. NUCLEAR PHYSICS.

        ``(a) Program.--As part of the activities authorized under section
    209 of the Department of Energy Organization Act (42 U.S.C. 7139), the
    Director shall carry out a research program, and support relevant
    facilities, to discover and understand various forms of nuclear matter.
        ``(b) Electron Ion Collider.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall support construction
            of an Electron Ion Collider as described in the 2015 Long Range
            Plan of the Nuclear Science Advisory Committee and the report
            from the National Academies of Science, Engineering, and
            Medicine entitled `An Assessment of U.S.-Based Electron-Ion
            Collider Science', in order to measure the internal structure
            of the proton and the nucleus and answer fundamental questions
            about the nature of visible matter.
                ``(2) Facility capability.--The Secretary shall ensure that
            the facility described in paragraph (1) meets the requirements
            in the 2015 Long Range Plan described in that paragraph,
            including--
                        ``(A) at least 70 percent polarized beams of
                    electrons and light ions;
                        ``(B) ion beams from deuterium to the heaviest
                    stable nuclei;
                        ``(C) variable center of mass energy from 20 to 140
                    GeV;
                        ``(D) high collision luminosity of 1033	34cm-2s-1;
                    and
                        ``(E) the possibility of more than 1 interaction
                    region.
                ``(3) Start of operations.--The Secretary shall, subject to
            the availability of appropriations, ensure that the start of
            full operations of the facility under this subsection occurs
            before December 31, 2030.
                ``(4) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be appropriated
            under subsection (c), there are authorized to be appropriated
            to the Secretary to carry out construction of the facility
            under this subsection--
                        ``(A) $90,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                        ``(B) $181,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                        ``(C) $219,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
                        ``(D) $297,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
                        ``(E) $301,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.
        ``(c) Authorization of Appropriations.--Out of funds authorized to
    be appropriated for the Office of Science in a fiscal year, there are
    authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the
    activities described in this section--
                ``(1) $840,480,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                ``(2) $976,508,800 for fiscal year 2024;
                ``(3) $1,062,239,328 for fiscal year 2025;
                ``(4) $1,190,833,688 for fiscal year 2026; and
                ``(5) $1,248,463,709 for fiscal year 2027.''.

    SEC. 10108. SCIENCE LABORATORIES INFRASTRUCTURE PROGRAM.

        Section 309 of the Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act
    (42 U.S.C. 18647) is amended by adding at the end the following:
        ``(c) Approach.--In carrying out the program under subsection (a),
    the Director shall use all available approaches and mechanisms, as the
    Secretary determines to be appropriate, including--
                ``(1) capital line items;
                ``(2) minor construction projects;
                ``(3) energy savings performance contracts;
                ``(4) utility energy service contracts;
                ``(5) alternative financing; and
                ``(6) expense funding.
        ``(d) Submission to Congress.--For each fiscal year through fiscal
    year 2027, at the same time as the annual budget submission of the
    President, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on
    Appropriations and the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the
    Senate and the Committee on Appropriations and the Committee on
    Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives a list
    of projects for which the Secretary will provide funding under this
    section, including a description of each project and the funding
    profile for the project.
        ``(e) Authorization of Appropriations.--Out of funds authorized to
    be appropriated for the Office of Science in a fiscal year, there is
    authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the
    activities described in this section $550,000,000 for each of fiscal
    years 2023 through 2027.''.

    SEC. 10109. ACCELERATOR RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT.

        The Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C.
    18601 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:

    ``SEC. 310. ACCELERATOR RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT.

        ``(a) Program.--As part of the activities authorized under section
    209 of the Department of Energy Organization Act (42 U.S.C. 7139), the
    Director shall carry out a research program--
                ``(1) to advance accelerator science and technology
            relevant to the Department, other Federal agencies, and United
            States industry;
                ``(2) to foster partnerships to develop, demonstrate, and
            enable the commercial application of accelerator technologies;
                ``(3) to support the development of a skilled, diverse, and
            inclusive accelerator workforce; and
                ``(4) to provide access to accelerator design and
            engineering resources.
        ``(b) Accelerator Research.--In carrying out the program authorized
    under subsection (a), the Director shall support--
                ``(1) research activities in cross-cutting accelerator
            technologies including superconducting magnets and
            accelerators, beam physics, data analytics-based accelerator
            controls, simulation software, new particle sources, advanced
            laser technology, and transformative research; and
                ``(2) optimal operation of the Accelerator Test Facility.
        ``(c) Accelerator Development.--In carrying out the program
    authorized under subsection (a), the Director shall support
    partnerships to foster the development, demonstration, and commercial
    application of accelerator technologies, including advanced
    superconducting wire and cable, superconducting RF cavities, and high
    efficiency radiofrequency power sources for accelerators.
        ``(d) Research Collaborations.--In developing accelerator
    technologies under the program authorized under subsection (a), the
    Director shall--
                ``(1) consider the requirements necessary to support
            translational research and development for medical, industrial,
            security, and defense applications; and
                ``(2) leverage investments in accelerator technologies and
            fundamental research in particle physics by partnering with
            institutions of higher education, industry, and other Federal
            agencies to enable the commercial application of advanced
            accelerator technologies.
        ``(e) Authorization of Appropriations.--Out of funds authorized to
    be appropriated for the Office of Science in a fiscal year, there are
    authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the
    activities described in this section--
                ``(1) $19,080,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                ``(2) $20,224,800 for fiscal year 2024;
                ``(3) $21,438,288 for fiscal year 2025;
                ``(4) $22,724,585 for fiscal year 2026; and
                ``(5) $24,088,060 for fiscal year 2027.''.

    SEC. 10110. ISOTOPE RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT, AND PRODUCTION.

        (a) In General.--The Department of Energy Research and Innovation
    Act (42 U.S.C. 18601 et seq.) is amended by adding after section 310
    (as added by section 10109) the following:

    ``SEC. 311. ISOTOPE RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT, AND PRODUCTION.

        ``(a) Definition of Critical Radioactive and Stable Isotope.--
                ``(1) In general.--In this section, the term `critical
            radioactive and stable isotope' means a radioactive and stable
            isotope--
                        ``(A) the domestic commercial production of which
                    is unavailable or inadequate to satisfy the demand of
                    research, medical, industrial, or related industries in
                    the United States; and
                        ``(B) the supply of which is augmented through--
                                ``(i) Department production; or
                                ``(ii) foreign suppliers.
                ``(2) Exclusion.--In this section, the term `critical
            radioactive and stable isotope' does not include the medical
            isotope molybdenum-99, the production and supply of which is
            addressed in the American Medical Isotopes Production Act of
            2012 (Public Law 112-239; 126 Stat. 2211) (including the
            amendments made by that Act).
        ``(b) Program.--The Director shall--
                ``(1) carry out, in coordination with other relevant
            programs across the Department, a program--
                        ``(A) for the production of critical radioactive
                    and stable isotopes, including the development of
                    techniques to produce isotopes, that the Secretary
                    determines are needed and of sufficient quality and
                    quantity for research, medical, industrial, or related
                    purposes;
                        ``(B) for the production of critical radioactive
                    and stable isotopes that are in short supply or
                    projected to be in short supply in the future,
                    including byproducts, surplus materials, and related
                    isotope services;
                        ``(C) to maintain and enhance the infrastructure
                    required to produce and supply critical radioactive and
                    stable isotope products and related services;
                        ``(D) to conduct research and development on new
                    and improved isotope production and processing
                    techniques that can make critical radioactive and
                    stable isotopes available for research and application
                    as soon as possible while assisting in workforce
                    development;
                        ``(E) to reduce domestic dependency on the foreign
                    supply of critical radioactive and stable isotopes to
                    ensure national preparedness; and
                        ``(F) to the maximum extent practicable, in
                    accordance with--
                                ``(i) evidence-based reports, such as the
                            2015 report of the Nuclear Science Advisory
                            Committee entitled `Meeting Isotope Needs and
                            Capturing Opportunities for the Future'; and
                                ``(ii) assessments of isotope supply
                            chains, including the assessment described in
                            paragraph (3), any reports submitted pursuant
                            to subsection (d), and other current and future
                            assessments;
                ``(2) ensure that isotope production activities carried out
            under this subsection are consistent with the statement of
            policy entitled `Policies and Procedures for Transfer of
            Commercial Radioisotope Production and Distribution to Private
            Industry' (30 Fed. Reg. 3247 (March 9, 1965));
                ``(3) assess the domestic requirements of current and
            emerging critical radioactive and stable isotopes and
            associated applications, including by consulting end-users, to
            identify areas that may require Federal investment for
            expedited development of domestic production capacity for those
            isotopes, including through public-private partnerships, as
            appropriate;
                ``(4) ensure that actions taken by the Department do not
            interfere with, delay, compete with, or otherwise adversely
            affect efforts by the private sector to make available or
            otherwise facilitate the supply of critical radioactive and
            stable isotopes, including efforts under existing agreements
            between the Department or contractors of the Department and the
            private sector; and
                ``(5) in coordination with the Assistant Secretary for
            Nuclear Energy, assess options for demonstrating the production
            of critical radioactive and stable isotopes in research, test,
            or commercial nuclear reactors and accelerators, including
            reactors and accelerators operated at universities.
        ``(c) Advisory Committee.--
                ``(1) In general.--Not later than 90 days after the date of
            enactment of this section, the Secretary shall establish an
            advisory committee (referred to in this subsection as the
            `committee') in alignment with the program established under
            subsection (b)--
                        ``(A) to carry out the activities previously
                    executed as part of the Isotope Subcommittee of the
                    Nuclear Science Advisory Committee; and
                        ``(B) to provide expert advice and assistance to
                    the Director in carrying out that program.
                ``(2) Report.--
                        ``(A) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the
                    committee is established, the committee shall--
                                ``(i) update the 2015 Nuclear Science
                            Advisory Committee Isotopes Subcommittee Report
                            entitled `Meeting Isotope Needs and Capturing
                            Opportunities for the Future'; and
                                ``(ii) periodically update that report
                            thereafter as needed.
                        ``(B) Inclusions.--An updated report under
                    subparagraph (A) shall include an assessment of--
                                ``(i) current demand in the United States
                            for critical radioactive and stable isotopes;
                                ``(ii) the impact of continued reliance on
                            foreign supply of critical radioactive and
                            stable isotopes;
                                ``(iii) proposed mitigation strategies,
                            including increasing domestic production
                            sources for critical radioactive and stable
                            isotopes, that--
                                        ``(I) are not commercially
                                    available; or
                                        ``(II) are commercially produced in
                                    quantities that are not sufficient--
                                                ``(aa) to satisfy domestic
                                            demand; and
                                                ``(bb) to minimize
                                            production constraints and
                                            supply disruptions to the
                                            United States healthcare and
                                            industrial isotope industries;
                                ``(iv) current facilities, including
                            upgrades to those facilities, and new
                            facilities needed to meet domestic critical
                            isotope needs; and
                                ``(v) workforce development needs.
                ``(3) Nonduplication.--The committee shall work in
            alignment with, and shall not duplicate the efforts of,
            preexisting advisory committees that are advising the program
            established under subsection (b).
                ``(4) FACA.--The committee shall be subject to the Federal
            Advisory Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.).
        ``(d) Report.--
                ``(1) In general.--Not later than the end of the first
            fiscal year beginning after the date of enactment of this
            section, and biennially thereafter, the Secretary of Energy
            Advisory Board shall submit to the Committees on Energy and
            Natural Resources and Environment and Public Works of the
            Senate and the Committees on Science, Space, and Technology and
            Energy and Commerce of the House of Representatives a report
            describing the progress made under the program established
            under subsection (b) during the preceding 2 fiscal years.
                ``(2) Inclusions.--Each report under paragraph (1) shall
            include--
                        ``(A) an updated assessment of any critical
                    radioactive and stable isotope shortages in the United
                    States;
                        ``(B) a description of--
                                ``(i) any disruptions in the international
                            supply of critical radioactive and stable
                            isotopes during the preceding 2 fiscal years;
                            and
                                ``(ii) the impact of those disruptions on
                            related activities; and
                        ``(C)(i) a projection of anticipated disruptions in
                    the international supply, or supply constraints, of
                    critical radioactive and stable isotopes during the
                    next 2 fiscal years; and
                        ``(ii) the anticipated impact of those disruptions
                    or constraints, as applicable, on related domestic
                    activities.
        ``(e) Authorization of Appropriations.--Out of funds authorized to
    be appropriated for the Office of Science in a fiscal year, there are
    authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this
    section--
                ``(1) $175,708,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                ``(2) $196,056,480 for fiscal year 2024;
                ``(3) $215,759,869 for fiscal year 2025;
                ``(4) $200,633,461 for fiscal year 2026; and
                ``(5) $146,293,469 for fiscal year 2027.''.
        (b) Demonstration of Isotope Production.--Section 952(a) of the
    Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16272(a)) is amended--
                (1) by redesignating paragraph (2) as paragraph (4) and
            moving the paragraph so as to appear after paragraph (3); and
                (2) by inserting after paragraph (1) the following:
                ``(2) Isotope demonstration evaluation.--
                        ``(A) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the
                    date of enactment of the Research and Development,
                    Competition, and Innovation Act, the Secretary, acting
                    through the Assistant Secretary for Nuclear Energy,
                    shall evaluate the technical and economic feasibility
                    of the establishment of an isotope demonstration
                    subprogram of the program established under paragraph
                    (1) to support the development and commercial
                    demonstration of critical radioactive and stable
                    isotope production in existing commercial nuclear power
                    plants.
                        ``(B) Consultation.--The Secretary, acting through
                    the Assistant Secretary for Nuclear Energy, shall
                    consult with the Director of the Office of Science in
                    carrying out the evaluation under subparagraph (A).
                        ``(C) Definition of critical radioactive and stable
                    isotope.--In this paragraph, the term `critical
                    radioactive and stable isotope' has the meaning given
                    the term in section 311(a) of the Department of Energy
                    Research and Innovation Act.''.
        (c) Radioisotope Processing Facility.--
                (1) In general.--The Secretary of Energy (referred to in
            this subsection as ``the Secretary'') shall construct a
            radioisotope processing facility to provide for the growing
            radiochemical processing capability needs associated with the
            production of critical radioactive isotopes authorized under
            section 311 of the Department of Energy Research and Innovation
            Act.
                (2) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be appropriated
            under section 311(e) of the Department of Energy Research and
            Innovation Act, there are authorized to be appropriated to the
            Secretary to carry out this subsection--
                        (A) $30,500,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                        (B) $75,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                        (C) $105,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
                        (D) $83,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
                        (E) $43,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.
        (d) Stable Isotope Production and Research Center.--
                (1) In general.--The Secretary of Energy (referred to in
            this subsection as ``the Secretary'') shall establish a stable
            isotope production and research center--
                        (A) to expand the ability of the United States to
                    perform multiple stable isotope production campaigns at
                    large-scale production, as authorized under section 311
                    of the Department of Energy Research and Innovation
                    Act;
                        (B) to mitigate the dependence of the United States
                    on foreign-produced stable isotopes;
                        (C) to promote economic resilience; and
                        (D) to conduct research and development on stable
                    isotope production and associated methods and
                    technology.
                (2) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be appropriated
            under section 311(e) of the Department of Energy Research and
            Innovation Act, there are authorized to be appropriated to the
            Secretary to carry out this subsection--
                        (A) $74,400,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                        (B) $46,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                        (C) $31,200,000 for fiscal year 2025;
                        (D) $33,300,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
                        (E) $13,900,000 for fiscal year 2027.

    SEC. 10111. INCREASED COLLABORATION WITH TEACHERS AND SCIENTISTS.

        (a) In General.--The Department of Energy Research and Innovation
    Act (42 U.S.C. 18601 et seq.) is amended by adding after section 311
    (as added by section 10110), the following:

    ``SEC. 312. INCREASED COLLABORATION WITH TEACHERS AND SCIENTISTS.

        ``The Director shall support the development of a scientific
    workforce through programs that facilitate collaboration between and
    among teachers at elementary schools and secondary schools served by
    local educational agencies, students at institutions of higher
    education, early-career researchers, faculty at institutions of higher
    education, and the National Laboratories, including through the use of
    proven techniques to expand the number of individuals from
    underrepresented groups pursuing and attaining skills or undergraduate
    and graduate degrees relevant to the mission of the Office of
    Science.''.
        (b) Authorization of Appropriations.--Section 3169 of the
    Department of Energy Science Education Enhancement Act (42 U.S.C.
    7381e) is amended--
                (1) by striking ``There are'' and inserting ``Out of funds
            authorized to be appropriated for the Office of Science of the
            Department of Energy in a fiscal year, there are''; and
                (2) by striking ``fiscal year 1991'' and inserting ``each
            of fiscal years 2023 through 2027''.
        (c) Broadening Participation in Workforce Development for Teachers
    and Scientists.--
                (1) In general.--The Department of Energy Science Education
            Enhancement Act is amended by inserting after section 3167 (42
            U.S.C. 7381c-1) the following:

    ``SEC. 3167A. BROADENING PARTICIPATION FOR TEACHERS AND SCIENTISTS.

        ``(a) In General.--The Secretary shall--
                ``(1) expand opportunities to increase the number of highly
            skilled science, technology, engineering, and mathematics
            (STEM) professionals working in disciplines relevant to the
            mission of the Department; and
                ``(2) broaden the recruitment pool to increase
            participation from Historically Black Colleges or Universities
            (as defined in section 3167B(f)), Hispanic-serving institutions
            (as defined in that section), Tribal Colleges or Universities
            (as defined in that section), minority-serving institutions (as
            defined in that section), institutions in eligible
            jurisdictions (as defined in that section), emerging research
            institutions, community colleges, and scientific societies in
            those disciplines.
        ``(b) Plan.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of
    the Research and Development, Competition, and Innovation Act, the
    Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and
    Technology of the House of Representatives and the Committees on Energy
    and Natural Resources and Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the
    Senate and make available to the public a plan for broadening
    participation of underrepresented groups in science, technology,
    engineering, and mathematics in programs supported by the Department,
    including--
                ``(1) a plan for supporting relevant Federal research award
            grantees and leveraging the National Science Foundation
            INCLUDES National Network and relevant partnerships, including
            partnerships maintained by other Federal research agencies;
                ``(2) metrics for assessing the participation of
            underrepresented groups in programs supported by the
            Department;
                ``(3) experienced and potential barriers to broadening
            participation of underrepresented groups in programs supported
            by the Department, including recommended solutions; and
                ``(4) any other activities the Secretary determines
            appropriate.
        ``(c) Authorization of Appropriations.--Of the amounts authorized
    to be appropriated under section 3169, not less than $2,000,000 is
    authorized to be appropriated each fiscal year for the activities
    described in this section.

    ``SEC. 3167B. EXPANDING OPPORTUNITIES FOR HIGHLY SKILLED SCIENCE,
                  TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING, AND MATHEMATICS (STEM)
                  PROFESSIONALS.

        ``(a) In General.--The Secretary shall--
                ``(1) expand opportunities and increase the number of
            highly skilled science, technology, engineering, and
            mathematics (STEM) professionals working in disciplines
            relevant to the mission of the Department; and
                ``(2) broaden the recruitment pool to increase
            participation from and expand partnerships with Historically
            Black Colleges or Universities, Hispanic serving institutions,
            Tribal Colleges or Universities, minority-serving institutions,
            institutions in eligible jurisdictions, emerging research
            institutions, community colleges, and scientific societies in
            those disciplines.
        ``(b) Plan and Outreach Strategy.--
                ``(1) Plan.--
                        ``(A) In general.--Not later than 180 days after
                    the date of enactment of the Research and Development,
                    Competition, and Innovation Act, the Secretary shall
                    submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and
                    Technology of the House of Representatives and the
                    Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate
                    a 10-year educational plan to fund and expand new or
                    existing programs administered by the Office of Science
                    and sited at the National Laboratories and Department
                    user facilities to expand educational and workforce
                    development opportunities for underrepresented
                    individuals, including--
                                ``(i) high school, undergraduate, and
                            graduate students; and
                                ``(ii) recent graduates, teachers, and
                            faculty in STEM fields.
                        ``(B) Contents.--The plan under subparagraph (A)
                    may include paid internships, fellowships, temporary
                    employment, training programs, visiting student and
                    faculty programs, sabbaticals, and research support.
                ``(2) Outreach capacity.--The Secretary shall include in
            the plan under paragraph (1) an outreach strategy to improve
            the advertising, recruitment, and promotion of educational and
            workforce development programs to community colleges,
            Historically Black Colleges or Universities, Hispanic-serving
            institutions, Tribal Colleges or Universities, minority-serving
            institutions, institutions in eligible jurisdictions, and
            emerging research institutions.
        ``(c) Building Research Capacity.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall develop programs
            that strengthen the research capacity relevant to Office of
            Science disciplines at emerging research institutions,
            including minority-serving institutions, Tribal Colleges or
            Universities, Historically Black Colleges or Universities,
            institutions in eligible jurisdictions (as defined in section
            2203(b)(3)(A) of the Energy Policy Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C.
            13503(b)(3)(A))), institutions in communities with dislocated
            workers who were previously employed in manufacturing, energy
            production, including coal power plants, and mineral and
            material mining, and other institutions of higher education.
                ``(2) Inclusions.--The programs developed under paragraph
            (1) may include--
                        ``(A) enabling mutually beneficial and jointly
                    managed partnerships between research-intensive
                    institutions and emerging research institutions; and
                        ``(B) soliciting research proposals, fellowships,
                    training programs, and research support directly from
                    emerging research institutions.
        ``(d) Traineeships.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall establish a
            university-led Traineeship Program to address workforce
            development needs in STEM fields relevant to the Department.
                ``(2) Focus.--The focus of the Traineeship Program
            established under paragraph (1) shall be on--
                        ``(A) supporting workforce development and research
                    experiences for underrepresented undergraduate and
                    graduate students; and
                        ``(B) increasing participation from
                    underrepresented populations.
                ``(3) Inclusion.--The traineeships under the Traineeship
            Program established under paragraph (1) shall include
            opportunities to build the next-generation workforce in
            research areas critical to maintaining core competencies across
            the programs of the Office of Science.
        ``(e) Evaluation.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall establish key
            performance indicators to measure and monitor progress of
            education and workforce programs and expand Departmental
            activities for data collection and analysis.
                ``(2) Report.--Not later than 2 years after the date of
            enactment of the Research and Development, Competition, and
            Innovation Act, and every 2 years thereafter, the Secretary
            shall submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology
            and the Committee on Education and Labor of the House of
            Representatives and the Committee on Energy and Natural
            Resources and the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and
            Pensions of the Senate a report summarizing progress toward
            meeting the key performance indicators established under
            paragraph (1).
        ``(f) Definitions.--In this section:
                ``(1) Community college.--The term `community college'
            means--
                        ``(A) a public institution of higher education,
                    including additional locations, at which the highest
                    awarded degree, or the predominantly awarded degree, is
                    an associate degree; or
                        ``(B) any Tribal college or university.
                ``(2) Dislocated worker.--The term `dislocated worker' has
            the meaning given the term in section 3 of the Workforce
            Innovation and Opportunity Act (29 U.S.C. 3102).
                ``(3) Hispanic-serving institution.--The term `Hispanic-
            serving institution' has the meaning given the term in section
            502(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C.
            1101a(a)).
                ``(4) Historically black college or university.--The term
            `Historically Black College or University' has the meaning
            given the term `part B institution' in section 322 of the
            Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1061).
                ``(5) Institution in an eligible jurisdiction.--The term
            `institution in an eligible jurisdiction' means an institution
            of higher education (as defined in section 101 of the Higher
            Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001)) that is located in an
            eligible jurisdiction (as defined in section 2203(b)(3)(A) of
            the Energy Policy Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 13503(b)(3)(A))).
                ``(6) Minority-serving institution.--The term `minority-
            serving institution' includes the entities described in any of
            paragraphs (1) through (7) of section 371(a) of the Higher
            Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1067q(a)).
                ``(7) STEM.--The term `STEM' means the subjects listed in
            section 2 of the STEM Education Act of 2015 (42 U.S.C. 6621
            note; Public Law 114-59).
                ``(8) Tribal college or university.--The term `Tribal
            College or University' has the meaning given the term in
            section 316(b) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C.
            1059c(b)).''.
                (2) Clerical amendment.--The table of contents in section
            2(b) of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year
            1991 (Public Law 101-510; 104 Stat. 1497) is amended by
            striking the items relating to sections 3167 and 3168 and
            inserting the following:

    ``Sec. 3167. Partnerships with historically Black colleges and
                                universities, Hispanic-serving
                                institutions, and tribal colleges.
    ``Sec. 3167A. Broadening participation for teachers and scientists.
    ``Sec. 3167B. Expanding opportunities for highly skilled science,
                                technology, engineering, and mathematics
                                (STEM) professionals.
    ``Sec. 3168. Definitions.
    ``Sec. 3169. Authorization of appropriations.''.

    SEC. 10112. HIGH INTENSITY LASER RESEARCH INITIATIVE; HELIUM
                  CONSERVATION PROGRAM; OFFICE OF SCIENCE EMERGING
                  BIOLOGICAL THREAT PREPAREDNESS RESEARCH INITIATIVE;
                  MIDSCALE INSTRUMENTATION AND RESEARCH EQUIPMENT PROGRAM;
                  AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

        (a) In General.--The Department of Energy Research and Innovation
    Act (42 U.S.C. 18601 et seq.) (as amended by section 10111(a)) is
    amended by adding at the end the following:

    ``SEC. 313. HIGH INTENSITY LASER RESEARCH INITIATIVE.

        ``(a) In General.--The Director shall establish a high intensity
    laser research initiative consistent with the recommendations of the
    National Academies report entitled `Opportunities in Intense Ultrafast
    Lasers: Reaching for the Brightest Light' and the report from the
    Brightest Light Initiative workshop entitled `The Future of Intense
    Ultrafast Lasers in the U.S.'. The initiative should include research
    and development of petawatt-scale and of high average power laser
    technologies necessary for future facility needs in discovery science
    and to advance energy technologies, as well as support for a user
    network of academic and National Laboratory high intensity laser
    facilities.
        ``(b) Leverage.--The Director shall leverage new laser technologies
    for more compact, less complex, and low-cost accelerator systems needed
    for science applications.
        ``(c) Coordination.--
                ``(1) Director.--The Director shall coordinate the
            initiative established under subsection (a) among all relevant
            programs within the Office of Science.
                ``(2) Under secretary.--The Under Secretary for Science
            shall coordinate the initiative established under subsection
            (a) with other relevant programs within the Department and
            other Federal agencies.
        ``(d) Authorization of Appropriations.--Out of funds authorized to
    be appropriated for the Office of Science in a fiscal year, there are
    authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the
    activities described in this section--
                ``(1) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                ``(2) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                ``(3) $150,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
                ``(4) $200,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
                ``(5) $250,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.

    ``SEC. 314. HELIUM CONSERVATION PROGRAM.

        ``(a) In General.--The Secretary shall establish a program to
    reduce the consumption of helium for Department grant recipients and
    facilities and encourage helium recycling and reuse. The program shall
    competitively award grants for--
                ``(1) the purchase of equipment to capture, reuse, and
            recycle helium;
                ``(2) the installation, maintenance, and repair of new and
            existing helium capture, reuse, and recycling equipment; and
                ``(3) helium alternatives research and development
            activities.
        ``(b) Report.--Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment
    of the Research and Development, Competition, and Innovation Act, and
    every 3 years thereafter, the Director shall submit to the Committee on
    Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives and the
    Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate a report on the
    purchase of helium as part of research projects and facilities
    supported by the Department. The report shall include--
                ``(1) the quantity of helium purchased for projects and
            facilities supported by Department grants;
                ``(2) a cost-analysis for such helium;
                ``(3) to the maximum extent practicable, information on
            whether such helium was imported from outside the United
            States, and if available, the country or region of the world
            from which the helium was imported;
                ``(4) expected or experienced impacts of helium supply
            shortages or prices on the research projects and facilities
            supported by the Department; and
                ``(5) recommendations for reducing Department grant
            recipients' exposure to volatile helium prices and supply
            shortages.
        ``(c) Coordination.--In carrying out the program under this
    section, the Director shall coordinate with the National Science
    Foundation and other relevant Federal agencies on helium conservation
    activities.
        ``(d) Duration.--The program established under this section shall
    receive support for a period of not more than 5 years, subject to the
    availability of appropriations.
        ``(e) Renewal.--Upon expiration of any period of support of the
    program under this section, the Director may renew support for the
    program for a period of not more than 5 years.

    ``SEC. 315. OFFICE OF SCIENCE BIOLOGICAL THREAT PREPAREDNESS RESEARCH
                  INITIATIVE.

        ``(a) In General.--The Secretary shall establish within the Office
    of Science a cross-cutting research initiative, to be known as the
    `Biological Threat Preparedness Research Initiative', to leverage the
    innovative analytical resources and tools, user facilities, and
    advanced computational and networking capabilities of the Department in
    order to support efforts that prevent, prepare for, predict, and
    respond to biological threats to national security, including
    infectious diseases.
        ``(b) Competitive, Merit-reviewed Process.--The Secretary shall
    carry out the initiative established under subsection (a) through a
    competitive, merit-reviewed process, and consider applications from
    National Laboratories, institutions of higher education, multi-
    institutional collaborations, industry partners and other appropriate
    entities.
        ``(c) Activities.--In carrying out the initiative established under
    subsection (a), the Secretary shall--
                ``(1) determine a comprehensive set of technical milestones
            for the research activities described in that subsection;
                ``(2) prioritize the objectives of--
                        ``(A) supporting fundamental research and
                    development in advanced analytics, experimental
                    studies, materials synthesis, and high-performance
                    computing technologies needed in order to more quickly
                    and effectively characterize, model, simulate, and
                    predict complex natural phenomena and biological
                    materials related to emerging biological threats;
                        ``(B) supporting the development of tools that
                    inform epidemiological modeling, and applying
                    artificial intelligence, machine learning, and other
                    computing tools to accelerate such processes;
                        ``(C) supporting research and capabilities that
                    enhance understanding and modeling of the transport of
                    pathogens in indoor and outdoor air and water
                    environments;
                        ``(D) identifying priority research opportunities
                    and capabilities for molecular design and modeling for
                    medical countermeasures;
                        ``(E) ensuring that new experimental and
                    computational tools are accessible to relevant research
                    communities, including private sector entities and
                    other Federal research institutions; and
                        ``(F) supporting activities and projects that
                    combine computational modeling and simulation with
                    experimental research facilities and studies;
                ``(3) leverage the research infrastructure of the
            Department, including scientific computing user facilities, x-
            ray light sources, neutron scattering facilities, nanoscale
            science research centers, and sequencing and
            biocharacterization facilities;
                ``(4) leverage experience from existing modeling and
            simulation research and work sponsored by the Department and
            promote collaboration and data sharing between National
            Laboratories, research entities, and user facilities of the
            Department by providing necessary access and secure data
            transfer capabilities; and
                ``(5) ensure that new experimental and computational tools
            are accessible to relevant research communities, including
            private sector entities, to address emerging biological
            threats.
        ``(d) Coordination.--In carrying out the initiative established
    under subsection (a), the Secretary shall coordinate activities with--
                ``(1) other relevant offices of the Department;
                ``(2) the National Nuclear Security Administration;
                ``(3) the National Laboratories;
                ``(4) the Director of the National Science Foundation;
                ``(5) the Director of the Centers for Disease Control and
            Prevention;
                ``(6) the Director of the National Institutes of Health;
                ``(7) the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and
            Response;
                ``(8) the heads of other relevant Federal agencies;
                ``(9) institutions of higher education; and
                ``(10) the private sector.
        ``(e) Infectious Diseases High Performance Computing Research
    Consortium.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Secretary, in coordination with the
            Director of the National Science Foundation and the Director of
            the Office of Science and Technology Policy, shall establish
            and operate an Emerging Infectious Diseases High Performance
            Computing Research Consortium (referred to in this section as
            the `Consortium'), to support the initiative established under
            subsection (a) by providing, to the extent practicable, a
            centralized entity for multidisciplinary, collaborative,
            emerging infectious disease and biosecurity research and
            development through high performance computing and advanced
            data analytics technologies and processes, in conjunction with
            the experimental research facilities and studies supported by
            the Department.
                ``(2) Membership.--The members of the Consortium may
            include representatives from relevant Federal agencies, the
            National Laboratories, the private sector, and institutions of
            higher education, which can each contribute relevant compute
            time, capabilities, or other resources.
                ``(3) Activities.--The Consortium shall--
                        ``(A) match applicants with available Federal and
                    private sector computing resources;
                        ``(B) consider supplemental awards for computing
                    partnerships with Consortium members to qualifying
                    entities on a competitive merit-review basis;
                        ``(C) encourage collaboration and communication
                    among member representatives of the Consortium and
                    awardees;
                        ``(D) provide access to the high-performance
                    computing capabilities, expertise, and user facilities
                    of the Department and the National Laboratories; and
                        ``(E) submit an annual report to the Secretary
                    summarizing the activities of the Consortium,
                    including--
                                ``(i) describing each project undertaken by
                            the Consortium;
                                ``(ii) detailing organizational
                            expenditures; and
                                ``(iii) evaluating contributions to the
                            achievement of technical milestones as
                            determined in subsection (a).
                ``(4) Coordination.--The Secretary shall ensure the
            coordination of, and avoid unnecessary duplication of, the
            activities of the Consortium with the activities of other
            research entities of the Department, other Federal research
            institutions, institutions of higher education, and the private
            sector.
        ``(f) Report.--Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment
    of the Research and Development, Competition, and Innovation Act, the
    Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and
    Technology and the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of
    Representatives, and the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, the
    Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, and the Committee
    on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions of the Senate, a report
    detailing the effectiveness of--
                ``(1) the interagency coordination among each Federal
            agency involved in the initiative established under subsection
            (a);
                ``(2) the collaborative research achievements of that
            initiative, including the achievement of the technical
            milestones determined under that subsection; and
                ``(3) potential opportunities to expand the technical
            capabilities of the Department.
        ``(g) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be appropriated for the
    Office of Science in a fiscal year, there is authorized to be
    appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the activities under this
    section $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027.

    ``SEC. 316. MIDSCALE INSTRUMENTATION AND RESEARCH EQUIPMENT PROGRAM.

        ``(a) In General.--The Director shall establish a midscale
    instrumentation and research equipment program to develop, acquire, and
    commercialize research instrumentation and equipment needed to meet the
    missions of the Department and to provide platform technologies for the
    broader scientific community.
        ``(b) Activities.--Under the program established under subsection
    (a), the Director shall--
                ``(1) enable the development and acquisition of novel,
            state-of-the-art instruments that--
                        ``(A) range in cost from $1,000,000 to $20,000,000
                    each; and
                        ``(B) would significantly accelerate scientific
                    breakthroughs at user facilities; and
                ``(2) strongly encourage partnerships among--
                        ``(A) National Laboratories;
                        ``(B) user facilities; and
                        ``(C)(i) institutions in a State receiving funding
                    under the Established Program to Stimulate Competitive
                    Research established under section 2203(b)(3) of the
                    Energy Policy Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 13503(b)(3));
                        ``(ii) historically Black colleges or universities;
                        ``(iii) minority-serving institutions of higher
                    education; or
                        ``(iv) institutions of higher education in a rural
                    area.
        ``(c) Coordination With Other Programs.--The Director shall
    coordinate the program established under subsection (a) with all other
    programs carried out by the Office of Science of the Department.
        ``(d) Research Equipment and Technology Development Coordination.--
    The Director shall encourage coordination among the Office of Science,
    the National Laboratories, the Office of Technology Transitions, and
    relevant academic and private sector entities to identify, disseminate,
    and commercialize research instruments, equipment, and related
    technologies developed to aid basic science research discoveries that
    meet the mission of the Department.
        ``(e) Authorization of Appropriations.--Out of funds authorized to
    be appropriated for the Office of Science in a fiscal year, there is
    authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section $150,000,000
    for each of fiscals years 2023 through 2027.

    ``SEC. 317. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

        ``There are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry
    out the activities described in this title--
                ``(1) $8,902,392,400 for fiscal year 2023;
                ``(2) $9,541,895,744 for fiscal year 2024;
                ``(3) $10,068,198,994 for fiscal year 2025;
                ``(4) $10,468,916,520 for fiscal year 2026; and
                ``(5) $10,831,342,317 for fiscal year 2027.''.
        (b) Table of Contents.--Section 1(b) of the Department of Energy
    Research and Innovation Act is amended in the table of contents by
    inserting after the item relating to section 309 the following:

    ``Sec. 310. Accelerator research and development.
    ``Sec. 311. Isotope research, development, and production.
    ``Sec. 312. Increased collaboration with teachers and scientists.
    ``Sec. 313. High intensity laser research initiative.
    ``Sec. 314. Helium conservation program.
    ``Sec. 315. Office of Science Biological Threat Preparedness Research
                                Initiative.
    ``Sec. 316. Midscale instrumentation and research equipment program.
    ``Sec. 317. Authorization of appropriations.''.

    SEC. 10113. ESTABLISHED PROGRAM TO STIMULATE COMPETITIVE RESEARCH.

        (a) Research Areas.--Section 2203(b)(3)(E) of the Energy Policy Act
    of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 13503(b)(3)(E)) is amended--
                (1) in the subparagraph heading, by striking ``in areas of
            applied energy research, environmental management, and basic
            science'';
                (2) in clause (i)--
                        (A) in subclause (I), by inserting ``nuclear
                    energy,'' before ``and''; and
                        (B) by striking subclause (V) and inserting the
                    following:
                                        ``(V) scientific research,
                                    including--
                                                ``(aa) advanced scientific
                                            computing research;
                                                ``(bb) basic energy
                                            sciences;
                                                ``(cc) biological and
                                            environmental research;
                                                ``(dd) fusion energy
                                            sciences;
                                                ``(ee) high energy physics;
                                                ``(ff) nuclear physics;
                                                ``(gg) isotope research,
                                            development, and production;
                                                ``(hh) accelerator
                                            research, development, and
                                            production; and
                                                ``(ii) other areas of
                                            research funded by the Office
                                            of Science, as determined by
                                            the Secretary.''; and
                (3) in clause (ii)--
                        (A) in subclause (II), by striking ``graduate'' and
                    inserting ``undergraduate scholarships, graduate
                    fellowships, and'';
                        (B) in subclause (III), by striking ``; and'' and
                    inserting ``and staff;'';
                        (C) in subclause (IV)--
                                (i) by striking ``biennial'' and inserting
                            ``annual''; and
                                (ii) by striking the period at the end and
                            inserting a semicolon; and
                        (D) by adding at the end the following:
                                        ``(V) to develop research clusters
                                    for particular areas of expertise; and
                                        ``(VI) to diversify the future
                                    workforce.''.
        (b) Research Capability Enhancement.--Section 2203(b)(3) of the
    Energy Policy Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 13503(b)(3)) is amended by
    striking subparagraph (F) and inserting the following:
                        ``(F) Research capability enhancement.--
                                ``(i) Scholarships and fellowships.--
                                        ``(I) In general.--Pursuant to
                                    subparagraph (E)(ii), the Secretary
                                    shall award grants to institutions of
                                    higher education in eligible
                                    jurisdictions for those institutions of
                                    higher education to provide
                                    scholarships and fellowships.
                                        ``(II) Grant.--A scholarship or
                                    fellowship awarded by an institution of
                                    higher education in an eligible
                                    jurisdiction using a grant provided
                                    under subclause (I)--
                                                ``(aa) in the case of an
                                            undergraduate scholarship--

                                                        ``(AA) shall be for
                                                    a period of 1 year; and

                                                        ``(BB) may be
                                                    competitively renewable
                                                    on an annual basis; and

                                                ``(bb) in the case of a
                                            graduate level fellowship,
                                            shall be for a period of not
                                            more than 5 years.
                                ``(ii) Early career capacity development.--
                                        ``(I) In general.--Pursuant to
                                    subparagraph (E)(ii), the Secretary
                                    shall award grants to early career
                                    faculty and staff at institutions of
                                    higher education in eligible
                                    jurisdictions--
                                                ``(aa) to support
                                            investigator-initiated
                                            research, including associated
                                            research equipment and
                                            instrumentation;
                                                ``(bb) to support
                                            activities associated with
                                            identifying and responding to
                                            funding opportunities;
                                                ``(cc) to secure technical
                                            assistance for the pursuit of
                                            funding opportunities; and
                                                ``(dd) to develop and
                                            enhance collaboration among
                                            National Laboratories,
                                            Department of Energy programs,
                                            the private sector, and other
                                            relevant entities.
                                        ``(II) Grants.--A grant awarded
                                    under subclause (I) shall be--
                                                ``(aa) for a period of not
                                            more than 5 years; and
                                                ``(bb) competitively
                                            renewable for an additional 5-
                                            year period.
                                ``(iii) Research capacity development.--
                                        ``(I) In general.--Pursuant to
                                    subparagraph (E)(ii), the Secretary
                                    shall award competitive grants to
                                    institutions of higher education in
                                    eligible jurisdictions for research
                                    capacity development and
                                    implementation, including--
                                                ``(aa) developing expertise
                                            in key technology areas,
                                            including associated equipment
                                            and instrumentation;
                                                ``(bb) developing and
                                            acquiring novel, state-of-the-
                                            art instruments and equipment
                                            that range in cost from
                                            $500,000 to $20,000,000;
                                                ``(cc) enhancing
                                            collaboration with National
                                            Laboratories, the Department of
                                            Energy, and the private sector
                                            through faculty or staff
                                            placement programs; and
                                                ``(dd) supporting formal
                                            partnership programs with
                                            institutions of higher
                                            education and National
                                            Laboratories.
                                        ``(II) Grants.--A grant awarded
                                    under subclause (I) shall be--
                                                ``(aa) for a period of not
                                            more than 5 years; and
                                                ``(bb) renewable for an
                                            additional 5-year period.
                                        ``(III) Equipment and
                                    instrumentation.--To the maximum extent
                                    practicable, the Secretary shall ensure
                                    that research equipment and
                                    instrumentation developed or acquired
                                    pursuant to a grant awarded under
                                    subclause (I) may sustain continued
                                    operation and be maintained without the
                                    need for additional or subsequent
                                    funding under this section.''.
        (c) Program Implementation Update.--Section 2203(b)(3)(G) of the
    Energy Policy Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 13503(b)(3)(G)) is amended by
    adding at the end the following:
                                ``(iii) Update.--Not later than 270 days
                            after the date of enactment of the Research and
                            Development, Competition, and Innovation Act,
                            the Secretary shall--
                                        ``(I) update the plan submitted
                                    under clause (i); and
                                        ``(II) submit the updated plan to
                                    the committees described in that
                                    clause.''.
        (d) Program Evaluation Report.--Section 2203(b)(3)(H) of the Energy
    Policy Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 13503(b)(3)(H)) is amended by adding at
    the end the following:
                                ``(iv) Annual report.--At the end of each
                            fiscal year, the Secretary shall submit to the
                            Committee on Energy and Natural Resources and
                            the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate
                            and the Committee on Energy and Commerce and
                            the Committee on Appropriations of the House of
                            Representatives a report that includes--
                                        ``(I) the total amount of
                                    expenditures made by the Department to
                                    carry out EPSCoR in each eligible
                                    jurisdiction for each of the 3 most
                                    recent fiscal years for which such
                                    information is available;
                                        ``(II)(aa) the number of EPSCoR
                                    awards made to institutions of higher
                                    education located in eligible
                                    jurisdictions; and
                                        ``(bb) the amount and type of each
                                    award;
                                        ``(III) the number of awards that
                                    are not EPSCoR awards made by the
                                    Secretary to institutions of higher
                                    education located in eligible
                                    jurisdictions;
                                        ``(IV)(aa) the number of
                                    representatives of institutions of
                                    higher education in eligible
                                    jurisdictions serving on each Office of
                                    Science advisory committee; and
                                        ``(bb) for each such advisory
                                    committee, the percentage of committee
                                    membership that those individuals
                                    constitute; and
                                        ``(V) the number of individuals
                                    from institutions of higher education
                                    in eligible jurisdictions serving on
                                    peer review committees.''.
        (e) Funding.--Section 2203(b)(3) of the Energy Policy Act of 1992
    (42 U.S.C. 13503(b)(3)) is amended by adding at the end the following:
                        ``(I) Funding.--
                                ``(i) Authorization of appropriations.--
                            There are authorized to be appropriated to the
                            Secretary to carry out EPSCoR, to remain
                            available until expended--
                                        ``(I) $50,000,000 for fiscal year
                                    2023;
                                        ``(II) $50,000,000 for fiscal year
                                    2024;
                                        ``(III) $75,000,000 for fiscal year
                                    2025;
                                        ``(IV) $100,000,000 for fiscal year
                                    2026; and
                                        ``(V) $100,000,000 for fiscal year
                                    2027.
                                ``(ii) Grants to consortia.--In the case of
                            an EPSCoR grant awarded to a consortium that
                            contains institutions of higher education that
                            are not located in eligible jurisdictions, the
                            Secretary may count--
                                        ``(I) the full amount of funds
                                    expended to provide the grant towards
                                    meeting the funding requirement in
                                    clause (iii) if the lead entity of the
                                    consortium is an institution of higher
                                    education located in an eligible
                                    jurisdiction; and
                                        ``(II) only the funds provided to
                                    institutions of higher education
                                    located in eligible jurisdictions
                                    towards meeting the funding requirement
                                    in clause (iii) if the lead entity of
                                    the consortium is an institution of
                                    higher education that is not located in
                                    an eligible jurisdiction.
                                ``(iii) Additional funds for eligible
                            jurisdictions.--In addition to funds authorized
                            to be appropriated under clause (i), the
                            Secretary, to the maximum extent practicable
                            while maintaining the competitive, merit-based
                            award processes of the Office of Science, shall
                            ensure that, of the research and development
                            funds of the Office of Science that are awarded
                            by the Secretary each year to institutions of
                            higher education, not less than 10 percent is
                            awarded to institutions of higher education in
                            eligible jurisdictions pursuant to the
                            evaluation and selection criteria in section
                            605.10 of title 10, Code of Federal Regulations
                            (or successor regulations).
                                ``(iv) Additional funds for equipment and
                            instrumentation.--In addition to funds
                            authorized to be appropriated under clause (i),
                            there is authorized to be appropriated to the
                            Secretary to award grants under subparagraph
                            (F)(iii)(I) for the purpose described in item
                            (bb) of that subparagraph $25,000,000 for each
                            of fiscal years 2023 through 2027, to remain
                            available until expended.
                                ``(v) Accounting.--To the maximum extent
                            practicable, the Secretary shall ensure that
                            each program within the Department of Energy
                            that endorses an EPSCoR grant awardee shall
                            contribute funding to the award to acknowledge
                            the research benefits to the mission of that
                            program.''.
        (f) Advisory Committees to the Office of Science.--In order to
    improve the advice and guidance provided to the Office of Science, the
    Undersecretary for Science shall seek to ensure, to the maximum extent
    practicable, the robust participation of institutions of higher
    education (as defined in section 101 of the Higher Education Act of
    1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001)) located in eligible jurisdictions (as defined in
    section 2203(b)(3)(A) of the Energy Policy Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C.
    13503(b)(3)(A))) on the Office of Science Federal Advisory Committee.
        (g) Technical Amendments.--Section 2203(b) of the Energy Policy Act
    of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 13503(b)) is amended--
                (1) in paragraph (1), by striking ``(1) The Secretary'' and
            inserting the following:
                ``(1) University research reactors.--The Secretary''; and
                (2) in paragraph (2), by striking ``(2) The Secretary'' and
            inserting the following:
                ``(2) Method to evaluate effectiveness of education
            programs.--The Secretary''.

    SEC. 10114. RESEARCH SECURITY.

        (a) Definitions.--In this section:
                (1) Country of risk.--
                        (A) In general.--The term ``country of risk'' means
                    a foreign country determined by the Secretary, in
                    accordance with subparagraph (B), to present a risk of
                    theft of United States intellectual property or a
                    threat to the national security of the United States if
                    nationals of the country, or entities owned or
                    controlled by the country or nationals of the country,
                    participate in any research, development,
                    demonstration, or deployment activity authorized under
                    this division or division A or an amendment made by
                    this division or division A.
                        (B) Determination.--In making a determination under
                    subparagraph (A), the Secretary, in coordination with
                    the Director of the Office of Intelligence and
                    Counterintelligence, shall take into consideration--
                                (i) the most recent World Wide Threat
                            Assessment of the United States Intelligence
                            Community, prepared by the Director of National
                            Intelligence; and
                                (ii) the most recent National
                            Counterintelligence Strategy of the United
                            States.
                (2) Covered support.--The term ``covered support'' means
            any grant, contract, subcontract, award, loan, program,
            support, or other activity authorized under this division or
            division A, or an amendment made by this division or division
            A.
                (3) Entity of concern.--The term ``entity of concern''
            means any entity, including a national, that is--
                        (A) identified under section 1237(b) of the Strom
                    Thurmond National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal
                    Year 1999 (50 U.S.C. 1701 note; Public Law 105-261);
                        (B) identified under section 1260H of the William
                    M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act
                    for Fiscal Year 2021 (10 U.S.C. 113 note; Public Law
                    116-283);
                        (C) on the Entity List maintained by the Bureau of
                    Industry and Security of the Department of Commerce and
                    set forth in Supplement No. 4 to part 744 of title 15,
                    Code of Federal Regulations;
                        (D) included in the list required by section
                    9(b)(3) of the Uyghur Human Rights Policy Act of 2020
                    (Public Law 116-145; 134 Stat. 656); or
                        (E) identified by the Secretary, in coordination
                    with the Director of the Office of Intelligence and
                    Counterintelligence and the applicable office that
                    would provide, or is providing, covered support, as
                    posing an unmanageable threat--
                                (i) to the national security of the United
                            States; or
                                (ii) of theft or loss of United States
                            intellectual property.
                (4) National.--The term ``national'' has the meaning given
            the term in section 101 of the Immigration and Nationality Act
            (8 U.S.C. 1101).
                (5) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary
            of Energy.
        (b) Science and Technology Risk Assessment.--
                (1) In general.--The Secretary shall develop and maintain
            tools and processes to manage and mitigate research security
            risks, such as a science and technology risk matrix, informed
            by threats identified by the Director of the Office of
            Intelligence and Counterintelligence, to facilitate
            determinations of the risk of loss of United States
            intellectual property or threat to the national security of the
            United States posed by activities carried out under any covered
            support.
                (2) Content and implementation.--In developing and using
            the tools and processes developed under paragraph (1), the
            Secretary shall--
                        (A) deploy risk-based approaches to evaluating,
                    awarding, and managing certain research, development,
                    demonstration, and deployment activities, including
                    designations that will indicate the relative risk of
                    activities;
                        (B) assess, to the extent practicable, ongoing
                    high-risk activities;
                        (C) designate an officer or employee of the
                    Department of Energy to be responsible for tracking and
                    notifying recipients of any covered support of
                    unmanageable threats to United States national security
                    or of theft or loss of United States intellectual
                    property posed by an entity of concern;
                        (D) consider requiring recipients of covered
                    support to implement additional research security
                    mitigations for higher-risk activities if appropriate;
                    and
                        (E) support the development of research security
                    training for recipients of covered support on the risks
                    posed by entities of concern.
                (3) Annual updates.--The tools and processes developed
            under paragraph (1) shall be evaluated annually and updated as
            needed, with threat-informed input from the Office of
            Intelligence and Counterintelligence, to reflect changes in the
            risk designation under paragraph (2)(A) of research,
            development, demonstration, and deployment activities conducted
            by the Department.
        (c) Entity of Concern.--
                (1) Prohibition.--Except as provided in paragraph (2), no
            entity of concern, or individual that owns or controls, is
            owned or controlled by, or is under common ownership or control
            with an entity of concern, may receive, or perform work under,
            any covered support.
                (2) Waiver of prohibition.--
                        (A) In general.--The Secretary may waive the
                    prohibition under paragraph (1) if determined by the
                    Secretary to be in the national interest.
                        (B) Notification to congress.--Not less than 2
                    weeks prior to issuing a waiver under subparagraph (A),
                    the Secretary shall notify the Committee on Energy and
                    Natural Resources of the Senate and the Committee on
                    Science, Space, and Technology of the House of
                    Representatives of the intent to issue the waiver,
                    including a justification for the waiver.
                (3) Penalty.--
                        (A) Termination of support.--On finding that any
                    entity of concern or individual described in paragraph
                    (1) has received covered support and has not received a
                    waiver under paragraph (2), the Secretary shall
                    terminate all covered support to that entity of concern
                    or individual, as applicable.
                        (B) Penalties.--An entity of concern or individual
                    identified under subparagraph (A) shall be--
                                (i) prohibited from receiving or
                            participating in covered support for a period
                            of not less than 1 year but not more than 10
                            years, as determined by the Secretary; or
                                (ii) instead of the penalty described in
                            clause (i), subject to any other penalties
                            authorized under applicable law or regulations
                            that the Secretary determines to be in the
                            national interest.
                        (C) Notification to congress.--Prior to imposing a
                    penalty under subparagraph (B), the Secretary shall
                    notify the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of
                    the Senate and the Committee on Science, Space, and
                    Technology of the House of Representatives of the
                    intent to impose the penalty, including a description
                    of and justification for the penalty.
                (4) Coordination.--The Secretary shall--
                        (A) share information about the unmanageable
                    threats described in subsection (a)(3)(E) with other
                    Federal agencies; and
                        (B) develop consistent approaches to identifying
                    entities of concern.
        (d) International Agreements.--This section shall be applied in a
    manner consistent with the obligations of the United States under
    international agreements.
        (e) Report Required.--Not later than 240 days after the date of
    enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to Congress a report
    that--
                (1) describes--
                        (A) the tools and processes developed under
                    subsection (b)(1) and any updates to those tools and
                    processes; and
                        (B) if applicable, the science and technology risk
                    matrix developed under that subsection and how that
                    matrix has been applied;
                (2) includes a mitigation plan for managing risks posed by
            countries of risk with respect to future or ongoing research
            and development activities of the Department of Energy; and
                (3) defines critical research areas, designated by risk, as
            determined by the Secretary.

    TITLE II--NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY FOR THE FUTURE

    SEC. 10201. DEFINITIONS.

        In this title:
                (1) Director.--The term ``Director'' means the Director of
            the National Institute of Standards and Technology.
                (2) Enrollment of needy students.--The term ``enrollment of
            needy students'' has the meaning given the term in section
            312(d) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1058(d)).
                (3) Framework.--The term ``Framework'' means the Framework
            for Improving Critical Infrastructure Cybersecurity developed
            by the National Institute of Standards and Technology and
            referred to in Executive Order No. 13800 issued on May 11, 2017
            (82 Fed. Reg. 22391 et seq.).
                (4) Institute.--The term ``Institute'' means the National
            Institute of Standards and Technology.
                (5) International standards organization.--The term
            ``international standards organization'' has the meaning given
            such term in section 451 of the Trade Agreements Act of 1979
            (19 U.S.C. 2571).
                (6) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary
            of Commerce.

                  Subtitle A--Authorization of Appropriations

    SEC. 10211. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

        (a) Fiscal Year 2023.--
                (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to
            the Secretary of Commerce $1,551,450,000 for the National
            Institute of Standards and Technology for fiscal year 2023.
                (2) Specific allocations.--Of the amount authorized by
            paragraph (1)--
                        (A) $979,100,000 is authorized for scientific and
                    technical research and services laboratory activities;
                        (B) $200,000,000 is authorized for the construction
                    and maintenance of facilities, of which $80,000,000 is
                    authorized to be appropriated for Safety, Capacity,
                    Maintenance, and Major Repairs; and
                        (C) $372,350,000 is authorized for industrial
                    technology services activities, of which $275,300,000
                    is authorized to be appropriated for the Manufacturing
                    Extension Partnership program under sections 25, 25A,
                    and 26 of the National Institute of Standards and
                    Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k, 278k-1, and 278l) (of
                    which $31,000,000 is authorized to establish the
                    National Supply Chain Database under section 10253) and
                    $97,050,000 is authorized to be appropriated for the
                    Manufacturing USA Program under section 34 of the
                    National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15
                    U.S.C. 278s).
        (b) Fiscal Year 2024.--
                (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to
            the Secretary of Commerce $1,651,600,000 for the National
            Institute of Standards and Technology for fiscal year 2024.
                (2) Specific allocations.--Of the amount authorized by
            paragraph (1)--
                        (A) $1,047,600,000 is authorized for scientific and
                    technical research and services laboratory activities;
                        (B) $200,000,000 is authorized for the construction
                    and maintenance of facilities, of which $80,000,000 is
                    authorized to be appropriated for Safety, Capacity,
                    Maintenance, and Major Repairs, including $20,000,000
                    for IT infrastructure; and
                        (C) $404,000,000 is authorized for industrial
                    technology services activities, of which $300,000,000
                    is authorized to be appropriated for the Manufacturing
                    Extension Partnership program under sections 25, 25A,
                    and 26 of the National Institute of Standards and
                    Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k, 278k-1, and 278l) (of
                    which $26,000,000 is authorized to maintain, update,
                    and support Federal coordination of State supply chain
                    databases maintained by the Centers (as such term is
                    defined in such section 25 of such Act)) and
                    $104,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for the
                    Manufacturing USA Program under section 34 of the
                    National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15
                    U.S.C. 278s).
        (c) Fiscal Year 2025.--
                (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to
            the Secretary of Commerce $2,039,900,000 for the National
            Institute of Standards and Technology for fiscal year 2025.
                (2) Specific allocations.--Of the amount authorized by
            paragraph (1)--
                        (A) $1,120,900,000 is authorized for scientific and
                    technical research and services laboratory activities;
                        (B) $200,000,000 is authorized for the construction
                    and maintenance of facilities, of which $80,000,000 is
                    authorized to be appropriated for Safety, Capacity,
                    Maintenance, and Major Repairs, including $20,000,000
                    for IT infrastructure; and
                        (C) $719,000,000 is authorized for industrial
                    technology services activities, of which $550,000,000
                    is authorized to be appropriated for the Manufacturing
                    Extension Partnership program under sections 25, 25A,
                    and 26 of the National Institute of Standards and
                    Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k, 278k-1, and 278l) (of
                    which $26,000,000 is authorized to maintain, update,
                    and support Federal coordination of State supply chain
                    databases maintained by the Centers (as such term is
                    defined in such section 25 of such Act)) and
                    $169,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for the
                    Manufacturing USA Program under section 34 of the
                    National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15
                    U.S.C. 278s).
        (d) Fiscal Year 2026.--
                (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to
            the Secretary of Commerce $2,158,400,000 for the National
            Institute of Standards and Technology for fiscal year 2026.
                (2) Specific allocations.--Of the amount authorized by
            paragraph (1)--
                        (A) $1,199,400,000 is authorized for scientific and
                    technical research and services laboratory activities;
                        (B) $200,000,000 is authorized for the construction
                    and maintenance of facilities, of which $80,000,000 is
                    authorized to be appropriated for Safety, Capacity,
                    Maintenance, and Major Repairs, including $20,000,000
                    for IT infrastructure; and
                        (C) $759,000,000 is authorized for industrial
                    technology services activities, of which $550,000,000
                    is authorized to be appropriated for the Manufacturing
                    Extension Partnership program under sections 25, 25A,
                    and 26 of the National Institute of Standards and
                    Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k, 278k-1, and 278l) (of
                    which $26,000,000 is authorized to maintain, update,
                    and support Federal coordination of State supply chain
                    databases maintained by the Centers (as such term is
                    defined in such section 25 of such Act)) and
                    $209,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for the
                    Manufacturing USA Program under section 34 of the
                    National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15
                    U.S.C. 278s).
        (e) Fiscal Year 2027.--
                (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to
            the Secretary of Commerce $2,283,360,000 for the National
            Institute of Standards and Technology for fiscal year 2027.
                (2) Specific allocations.--Of the amount authorized by
            paragraph (1)--
                        (A) $1,283,360,000 is authorized for scientific and
                    technical research and services laboratory activities;
                        (B) $200,000,000 is authorized for the construction
                    and maintenance of facilities, of which $80,000,000 is
                    authorized to be appropriated for Safety, Capacity,
                    Maintenance, and Major Repairs, including $20,000,000
                    for IT infrastructure; and
                        (C) $800,000,000 is authorized for industrial
                    technology services activities, of which $550,000,000
                    is authorized to be appropriated for the Manufacturing
                    Extension Partnership program under sections 25, 25A,
                    and 26 of the National Institute of Standards and
                    Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k, 278k-1, and 23 278l)
                    (of which $26,000,000 is authorized to maintain,
                    update, and support Federal coordination of State
                    supply chain databases maintained by the Centers (as
                    such term is defined in such section 25 of such Act))
                    and $250,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for
                    the Manufacturing USA Program under section 34 of the
                    National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15
                    U.S.C. 278s).

                        Subtitle B--Measurement Research

    SEC. 10221. ENGINEERING BIOLOGY AND BIOMETROLOGY.

        (a) In General.--The Director, in coordination with the National
    Engineering Biology Research and Development Initiative established
    pursuant to title IV, shall--
                (1) support basic measurement science and technology
            research for engineering biology, biomanufacturing, and
            biometrology to advance--
                        (A) measurement technologies to support
                    foundational understanding of the mechanisms of
                    conversion of DNA information into cellular function;
                        (B) technologies for measurement of such
                    biomolecular components and related systems;
                        (C) new data tools, techniques, and processes to
                    improve engineering biology, biomanufacturing, and
                    biometrology research; and
                        (D) other areas of measurement science and
                    technology research determined by the Director to be
                    critical to the development and deployment of
                    engineering biology, biomanufacturing and biometrology;
                (2) support activities to inform and expand the development
            of measurements infrastructure needed to develop technical
            standards to establish interoperability and facilitate
            commercial development of biomolecular measurement technology
            and engineering biology applications;
                (3) convene industry, institutions of higher education,
            nonprofit organizations, Federal laboratories, and other
            Federal agencies engaged in engineering biology research and
            development to develop coordinated technical roadmaps for
            authoritative measurement of the molecular components of the
            cell;
                (4) provide access to user facilities with advanced or
            unique equipment, services, materials, and other resources to
            industry, institutions of higher education, nonprofit
            organizations, and government agencies to perform research and
            testing;
                (5) establish or expand collaborative partnerships or
            consortia with other Federal agencies engaged in engineering
            biology research and development, institutions of higher
            education, Federal laboratories, and industry to advance
            engineering biology applications; and
                (6) support graduate and postgraduate research and training
            in biometrology, biomanufacturing, and engineering biology.
        (b) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this section may be construed
    to alter the policies, processes, or practices of individual Federal
    agencies in effect on the day before the date of the enactment of this
    Act relating to the conduct or support of biomedical research and
    advanced development, including the solicitation and review of
    extramural research proposals.
        (c) Controls.--In carrying out activities authorized by this
    section, the Secretary shall ensure proper security controls are in
    place to protect sensitive information, as appropriate.

    SEC. 10222. GREENHOUSE GAS MEASUREMENT RESEARCH.

        (a) In General.--The Director, in consultation with the
    Administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration,
    the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, the National
    Aeronautics and Space Administration, the Director of the National
    Science Foundation, the Secretary of Energy, and the heads of other
    Federal agencies, as appropriate, shall carry out a measurement
    research program to inform the development or improvement of best
    practices, benchmarks, methodologies, procedures, and technical
    standards for the measurement of greenhouse gas emissions and to assess
    and improve the performance of greenhouse gas emissions measurement
    systems placed in situ and on space-based platforms.
        (b) Activities.--In carrying out such a program, the Director may--
                (1) conduct research and testing to improve the accuracy,
            efficacy, and reliability of the measurement of greenhouse gas
            emissions at a range of scales that covers direct measurement
            at the component or process level through atmospheric
            observations;
                (2) conduct research to create novel measurement
            technologies and techniques for the measurement of greenhouse
            gas emissions;
                (3) convene and engage with relevant Federal agencies and
            stakeholders to establish common definitions and
            characterizations for the measurement of greenhouse gas
            emissions, taking into account any existing United States and
            international technical standards and guidance;
                (4) conduct outreach and coordination to share technical
            expertise with relevant industry and nonindustry stakeholders
            and standards development organizations to--
                        (A) assist such entities in the development and
                    adoption of best practices and technical standards for
                    greenhouse gas emissions measurements; and
                        (B) promote consistency and traceability in
                    international reference standards and central
                    calibration laboratories;
                (5) in coordination with the Administrator of the National
            Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the Administrator of
            the Environmental Protection Agency, and the Secretary of
            Energy, develop such standard reference materials as the
            Director determines is necessary to further the development of
            such technical standards, taking into account any existing
            United States or international standards;
                (6) coordinate with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
            Administration to ensure data are managed, stewarded, and
            archived at all levels and promote full and open exchange at
            Federal and State levels, and with academia, industry, and
            other users; and
                (7) coordinate with international partners, including
            international standards organizations, to maintain global
            greenhouse gas measurement technical standards.
        (c) Testbeds.--In coordination with the private sector,
    institutions of higher education, State and local governments, the
    National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the Environmental
    Protection Agency, the Department of Energy, and other Federal
    agencies, as appropriate, the Director may continue to develop and
    manage testbeds to advance research and standards development for
    greenhouse gas emissions measurements from in situ and space-based
    platforms.
        (d) Center for Greenhouse Gas Measurements, Standards, and
    Information.--
                (1) In general.--The Director, in collaboration with the
            Administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
            Administration, the Administrator of the Environmental
            Protection Agency, and the heads of other Federal agencies, as
            appropriate, shall establish a Center for Greenhouse Gas
            Measurements, Standards, and Information (in this subsection
            referred to as the ``Center'').
                (2) Collaborations.--The Director shall require that the
            activities of the Center include collaboration among public and
            private organizations, including institutions of higher
            education, nonprofit organizations, private sector entities,
            and State, Tribal, territorial, and local officials.
                (3) Purpose.--The purpose of the Center shall be to--
                        (A) advance measurement science, data analytics,
                    and modeling at a range of scales that covers direct
                    measurement and estimation at the component or process
                    level through atmospheric observations and at the
                    analysis level to improve the accuracy of spatially and
                    temporally resolved greenhouse gas emissions
                    measurement, validation, and attribution to specific
                    underlying activities and processes;
                        (B) test and evaluate the performance of existing
                    capabilities, and inform and improve best practices,
                    benchmarks, methodologies, procedures, and technical
                    standards, for the measurement and validation of
                    greenhouse gas emissions at scales noted in
                    subparagraph (A);
                        (C) educate and train students in measurement
                    science, computational science, and systems engineering
                    research relevant to greenhouse gas emissions
                    measurements;
                        (D) foster collaboration among academic
                    researchers, private sector stakeholders, and State,
                    Tribal, territorial, and local officials in the use of
                    Institute testbeds as described in subsection (c);
                        (E) conduct activities with research institutions,
                    industry partners, and State and local officials to
                    identify research, testing, and technical standards
                    needs relevant to greenhouse gas emissions; and
                        (F) collaborate with other Federal agencies to
                    conduct outreach and coordination to share and promote
                    technical data, tools, and expertise with relevant
                    public and private sector stakeholders, including
                    State, Tribal, territorial, and local officials, to
                    assist such in the accurate measurement of greenhouse
                    gas emissions.

    SEC. 10223. NIST AUTHORITY FOR CYBERSECURITY AND PRIVACY ACTIVITIES.

        Subsection (c) of section 2 of the National Institute of Standards
    and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 272) is amended--
                (1) in paragraph (16), by striking the period at the end
            and inserting a semicolon;
                (2) by redesignating paragraphs (16) through (27) as
            paragraphs (21) through (32), respectively; and
                (3) by inserting after paragraph (15) the following:
                ``(16) support information security measures for the
            development and lifecycle of software and the software supply
            chain, including development of voluntary, consensus-based
            technical standards, best practices, frameworks, methodologies,
            procedures, processes, and software engineering toolkits and
            configurations;
                ``(17) support information security measures, including
            voluntary, consensus-based technical standards, best practices,
            and guidelines, for the design, adoption, and deployment of
            cloud computing services;
                ``(18) support research, development, and practical
            application to improve the usability of cybersecurity processes
            and technologies;
                ``(19) facilitate and support the development of a
            voluntary, consensus-based set of technical standards,
            guidelines, best practices, methodologies, procedures, and
            processes to improve privacy protections in systems,
            technologies, and processes used by both the public and private
            sector;
                ``(20) support privacy measures, including voluntary,
            consensus-based technical standards, best practices,
            guidelines, metrology, and testbeds for the design, adoption,
            and deployment of privacy enhancing technologies;''.

    SEC. 10224. SOFTWARE SECURITY AND AUTHENTICATION.

        (a) Vulnerabilities in Open Source Software.--The Director shall
    assign severity metrics to identified vulnerabilities with open source
    software and produce voluntary guidance to assist the entities that
    maintain open source software repositories to discover and mitigate
    vulnerabilities.
        (b) Artificial Intelligence-enabled Defenses.--The Director shall
    carry out research and testing to improve the effectiveness of
    artificial intelligence-enabled cybersecurity, including by generating
    optimized data sets to train artificial intelligence defense systems
    and evaluating the performance of varying network architectures at
    strengthening network security.
        (c) Authentication of Institute Software.--The Director shall
    ensure all software released by the Institute is digitally signed and
    maintained to enable stakeholders to verify its authenticity and
    integrity upon installation and execution.
        (d) Assistance to Inspectors General.--Subject to available
    funding, the Director shall provide technical assistance to improve the
    education and training of individual Federal agency Inspectors General
    and staff who are responsible for the annual independent evaluation
    they are required to perform of the information security program and
    practices of Federal agencies under section 3555 of title 44, United
    States Code.
        (e) Software Supply Chain Security Practices.--
                (1) In general.--The Director shall, in coordination with
            industry, academia, and other Federal agencies, as appropriate,
            develop a set of security outcomes and practices, including
            security controls, control enhancements, supplemental guidance,
            or other supporting information to enable software developers
            and operators to identify, assess, and manage cybersecurity
            risks over the full lifecycle of software products.
                (2) Outreach.--The Director shall conduct outreach and
            coordination activities to share technical expertise with
            Federal agencies, relevant industry stakeholders, and standards
            development organizations, as appropriate, to encourage the
            voluntary adoption of the software lifecycle security practices
            by Federal agencies and industry stakeholders.

    SEC. 10225. DIGITAL IDENTITY MANAGEMENT RESEARCH.

        Section 504 of the Cybersecurity Enhancement Act of 2014 (15 U.S.C.
    7464) is amended to read as follows:

    ``SEC. 504. IDENTITY MANAGEMENT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT.

        ``(a) In General.--The Director shall carry out a program of
    research to support the development of voluntary, consensus-based
    technical standards, best practices, benchmarks, methodologies,
    metrology, testbeds, and conformance criteria for identity management,
    taking into account appropriate user concerns to--
                ``(1) improve interoperability and portability among
            identity management technologies;
                ``(2) strengthen identity proofing and verification methods
            used in identity management systems commensurate with the level
            of risk, including identity and attribute validation services
            provided by Federal, State, and local governments;
                ``(3) improve privacy protection in identity management
            systems; and
                ``(4) improve the accuracy, usability, and inclusivity of
            identity management systems.
        ``(b) Digital Identity Technical Roadmap.--The Director, in
    consultation with other relevant Federal agencies and stakeholders from
    the private sector, shall develop and maintain a technical roadmap for
    digital identity management research and development focused on
    enabling the voluntary use and adoption of modern digital identity
    solutions that align with the four criteria in subsection (a).
        ``(c) Digital Identity Management Guidance.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Director shall develop, and
            periodically update, in collaboration with other public and
            private sector organizations, common definitions and voluntary
            guidance for digital identity management systems, including
            identity and attribute validation services provided by Federal,
            State, and local governments.
                ``(2) Guidance.--The Guidance shall--
                        ``(A) align with the four criteria in subsection
                    (a), as practicable;
                        ``(B) provide case studies of implementation of
                    guidance;
                        ``(C) incorporate voluntary technical standards and
                    industry best practices; and
                        ``(D) not prescribe or otherwise require the use of
                    specific technology products or services.
                ``(3) Consultation.--In carrying out this subsection, the
            Director shall consult with--
                        ``(A) Federal and State agencies;
                        ``(B) industry;
                        ``(C) potential end-users and individuals that will
                    use services related to digital identity verification;
                    and
                        ``(D) experts with relevant experience in the
                    systems that enable digital identity verification, as
                    determined by the Director.''.

    SEC. 10226. BIOMETRICS RESEARCH AND TESTING.

        (a) In General.--The Secretary, acting through the Director, shall
    establish a program to support measurement research to inform the
    development of best practices, benchmarks, methodologies, procedures,
    and voluntary, consensus-based technical standards for biometric
    identification systems, including facial recognition systems, to assess
    and improve the performance of such systems. In carrying out such
    program, the Director may--
                (1) conduct measurement research to support efforts to
            improve the performance of biometric identification systems,
            including in areas related to conformity assessment, image
            quality and interoperability, contactless biometric capture
            technologies, and human-in-the-loop biometric identification
            systems and processes;
                (2) convene and engage with relevant stakeholders to
            establish common definitions and characterizations for
            biometric identification systems, which may include accuracy,
            fairness, bias, privacy, consent, and other properties, taking
            into account definitions in relevant international technical
            standards and other publications;
                (3) carry out measurement research and testing on a range
            of biometric modalities, such as fingerprints, voice, iris,
            face, vein, behavioral biometrics, genetics, multimodal
            biometrics, and emerging applications of biometric
            identification technology;
                (4) study the use of privacy-enhancing technologies and
            other technical protective controls to facilitate access, as
            appropriate, to public data sets for biometric research;
                (5) conduct outreach and coordination to share technical
            expertise with relevant industry and nonindustry stakeholders
            and standards development organizations to assist such entities
            in the development of best practices and voluntary technical
            standards; and
                (6) develop such standard reference artifacts as the
            Director determines is necessary to further the development of
            such voluntary technical standards.
        (b) Biometrics Test Program.--
                (1) In general.--The Secretary, acting through the
            Director, shall carry out a test program to provide biometrics
            vendors the opportunity to test biometric identification
            technologies across a range of modalities.
                (2) Activities.--In carrying out the program under this
            subsection, the Director shall--
                        (A) conduct research and regular testing to improve
                    and benchmark the accuracy, efficacy, and bias of
                    biometric identification technologies, which may
                    include research and testing on demographic variations,
                    capture devices, presentation attack detection,
                    partially occluded or computer generated images,
                    privacy and security designs and controls, template
                    protection, de-identification, and comparison of
                    algorithm, human, and combined algorithm-human
                    recognition capability;
                        (B) develop an approach for testing software and
                    cloud-based biometrics applications, including remote
                    systems, in Institute test facilities;
                        (C) establish reference use cases for biometric
                    identification technologies and performance criteria
                    for assessing each use case, including accuracy,
                    efficacy, and bias metrics;
                        (D) produce public-facing reports of the findings
                    from such testing for a general audience;
                        (E) develop policies and procedures accounting for
                    the legal and social implications of activities under
                    this paragraph when working with a foreign entity of
                    concern (as such term is defined in section 10612);
                        (F) establish procedures to prioritize testing of
                    biometrics identification technologies developed by
                    entities headquartered in the United States; and
                        (G) conduct such other activities as determined
                    necessary by the Director.
        (c) GAO Report to Congress.--Not later than 18 months after the
    date of the enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of the
    United States shall submit a detailed report to Congress on the impact
    of biometric identification technologies on historically marginalized
    communities, including low-income communities and minority religious,
    racial, and ethnic groups. Such report should be made publicly
    available on an internet website.

    SEC. 10227. FEDERAL BIOMETRIC PERFORMANCE STANDARDS.

        Subsection (b) of section 20 of the National Institute of Standards
    and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278g-3) is amended--
                (1) in paragraph (2), by striking ``and'' after the
            semicolon;
                (2) in paragraph (3), by striking the period and inserting
            ``; and''; and
                (3) by adding at the end the following:
                ``(4) performance standards and guidelines for high risk
            biometric identification systems, including facial recognition
            systems, accounting for various use cases, types of biometric
            identification systems, and relevant operational conditions.''.

    SEC. 10228. PROTECTING RESEARCH FROM CYBERSECURITY THEFT.

        Subparagraph (A) of section 2(e)(1) of the National Institute of
    Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 272(e)(1)) is amended--
                (1) in clause (viii), by striking ``and'' after the
            semicolon;
                (2) by redesignating clause (ix) as clause (x); and
                (3) by inserting after clause (viii) the following:
                                ``(ix) consider institutions of higher
                            education (as such term is defined in section
                            101 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20
                            U.S.C. 1001)); and''.

    SEC. 10229. DISSEMINATION OF RESOURCES FOR RESEARCH INSTITUTIONS.

        (a) Dissemination of Resources for Research Institutions.--
                (1) In general.--Not later than one year after the date of
            the enactment of this Act, the Director shall, using the
            authorities of the Director under subsections (c)(15) and
            (e)(1)(A)(ix) of section 2 of the National Institute of
            Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 272), disseminate and
            make publicly available tailored resources to help qualifying
            institutions identify, assess, manage, and reduce their
            cybersecurity risk related to conducting research.
                (2) Requirements.--The Director shall ensure that the
            resources disseminated pursuant to paragraph (1)--
                        (A) are generally applicable and usable by a wide
                    range of qualifying institutions;
                        (B) vary with the nature and size of the qualifying
                    institutions, and the nature and sensitivity of the
                    data collected or stored on the information systems or
                    devices of the qualifying institutions;
                        (C) include elements that promote awareness of
                    simple, basic controls, a workplace cybersecurity
                    culture, and third-party stakeholder relationships, to
                    assist qualifying institutions in mitigating common
                    cybersecurity risks;
                        (D) include case studies, examples, and scenarios
                    of practical application;
                        (E) are outcomes-based and can be implemented using
                    a variety of technologies that are commercial and off-
                    the-shelf; and
                        (F) to the extent practicable, are based on
                    international technical standards.
                (3) National cybersecurity awareness and education
            program.--The Director shall ensure that the resources
            disseminated under paragraph (1) are consistent with the
            efforts of the Director under section 303 of the Cybersecurity
            Enhancement Act of 2014 (15 U.S.C. 7443).
                (4) Updates.--The Director shall review periodically and
            update the resources under paragraph (1) as the Director
            determines appropriate.
                (5) Voluntary resources.--The use of the resources
            disseminated under paragraph (1) shall be considered voluntary.
        (b) Other Federal Cybersecurity Requirements.--Nothing in this
    section may be construed to supersede, alter, or otherwise affect any
    cybersecurity requirements applicable to Federal agencies.
        (c) Definitions.--In this section:
                (1) Qualifying institutions.--The term ``qualifying
            institutions'' means institutions of higher education that are
            awarded in excess of $50,000,000 per year in total Federal
            research funding.
                (2) Resources.--The term ``resources'' means guidelines,
            tools, best practices, technical standards, methodologies, and
            other ways of providing information.

    SEC. 10230. ADVANCED COMMUNICATIONS RESEARCH.

        The National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C.
    271 et seq.) is amended--
                (1) by redesignating section 35 as section 36; and
                (2) by inserting after section 34 the following:

    ``SEC. 35. ADVANCED COMMUNICATIONS RESEARCH ACTIVITIES.

        ``(a) Advanced Communications Research.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Director, in consultation with the
            Assistant Secretary for Communications and Information, the
            Director of the National Science Foundation, and heads of other
            Federal agencies, as appropriate, shall carry out a program of
            measurement research for advanced communications technologies.
                ``(2) Research areas.--Research areas may include--
                        ``(A) radio frequency emissions and interference,
                    including technologies and techniques to mitigate such
                    emissions and interference;
                        ``(B) advanced antenna arrays and artificial
                    intelligence systems capable of operating advanced
                    antenna arrays;
                        ``(C) artificial intelligence systems to enable
                    internet of things networks, immersive technology, and
                    other advanced communications technologies;
                        ``(D) network sensing and monitoring technologies;
                        ``(E) technologies to enable spectrum flexibility
                    and agility;
                        ``(F) optical and quantum communications
                    technologies;
                        ``(G) security of advanced communications systems;
                        ``(H) public safety communications;
                        ``(I) resilient internet of things applications for
                    advanced manufacturing; and
                        ``(J) other research areas determined necessary by
                    the Director.
                ``(3) Testbeds.--In coordination with the Assistant
            Secretary for Communications and Information, the private
            sector, and other Federal agencies as appropriate, the Director
            may develop and manage testbeds for research and development of
            advanced communications technologies, avoiding duplication of
            existing testbeds run by other agencies or the private sector.
                ``(4) Outreach.--In carrying out the activities under this
            subsection, the Director shall seek input from other Federal
            agencies and from private sector stakeholders, on an ongoing
            basis, to help inform research and development priorities,
            including through workshops and other multistakeholder
            activities.
                ``(5) Technical roadmaps.--In carrying out the activities
            under this subsection, the Director shall convene industry,
            institutions of higher education, nonprofit organizations,
            Federal laboratories, and other Federal agencies engaged in
            advanced communications research and development to develop,
            and periodically update, coordinated technical roadmaps for
            advanced communications research in priority areas, such as
            those described in paragraph (2).
        ``(b) National Advanced Spectrum and Communications Test Network.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Director, in coordination with the
            Administrator of the National Telecommunications and
            Information Administration and heads of other Federal agencies,
            as appropriate, shall operate a national network of government,
            academic, and commercial test capabilities and facilities to be
            known as the National Advanced Spectrum and Communications Test
            Network (referred to in this section as `NASCTN').
                ``(2) Purposes.--NASCTN shall be for the purposes of
            facilitating and coordinating the use of intellectual capacity,
            modeling and simulation, laboratory facilities, and test
            facilities to meet national spectrum interests and challenges,
            including--
                        ``(A) measurements and analyses of electromagnetic
                    propagation, radio systems characteristics, and
                    operating techniques affecting the utilization of the
                    electromagnetic spectrum in coordination with
                    specialized, related research and analysis performed by
                    other Federal agencies in their areas of
                    responsibility;
                        ``(B) conducting research and analysis in the
                    general field of telecommunications sciences in support
                    of the Institute's mission and in support of other
                    Government agencies;
                        ``(C) developing methodologies for testing,
                    measuring, and setting guidelines for interference;
                        ``(D) conducting interference tests to better
                    understand the impact of current and proposed Federal
                    and commercial spectrum activities;
                        ``(E) conducting research and testing to improve
                    spectrum interference tolerance, flexibility, agility,
                    and interference mitigation methods; and
                        ``(F) other activities as determined necessary by
                    the Director.''.

    SEC. 10231. NEUTRON SCATTERING.

        (a) Strategic Plan for the Institute Neutron Reactor.--The Director
    shall develop a strategic plan for the future of the NIST Center for
    Neutron Research after the current neutron reactor is decommissioned,
    including--
                (1) a succession plan for the reactor, including a roadmap
            with timeline and milestones;
                (2) conceptual design of a new reactor and accompanying
            facilities, as appropriate; and
                (3) a plan to minimize disruptions to the user community
            during the transition.
        (b) Coordination With the Department of Energy.--The Secretary,
    acting through the Director, shall coordinate with the Secretary of
    Energy on issues related to Federal support for neutron science,
    including estimation of long-term needs for research using neutron
    sources, and planning efforts for future facilities to meet such needs.
        (c) Report to Congress.--Not later than 30 months after the date of
    enactment of this Act, the Director shall submit to Congress the plan
    required under subsection (a), and shall notify Congress of any
    substantial updates to such plan in subsequent years.

    SEC. 10232. ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE.

        (a) In General.--The Director shall continue to support the
    development of artificial intelligence and data science, and carry out
    the activities of the National Artificial Intelligence Initiative Act
    of 2020 authorized in division E of the National Defense Authorization
    Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public Law 116-283), including through--
                (1) expanding the Institute's capabilities, including
            scientific staff and research infrastructure;
                (2) supporting measurement research and development for
            advanced computer chips and hardware designed for artificial
            intelligence systems;
                (3) supporting the development of technical standards and
            guidelines that promote safe and trustworthy artificial
            intelligence systems, such as enhancing the accuracy,
            explainability, privacy, reliability, robustness, safety,
            security, and mitigation of harmful bias in artificial
            intelligence systems;
                (4) creating a framework for managing risks associated with
            artificial intelligence systems; and
                (5) developing and publishing cybersecurity tools,
            encryption methods, and best practices for artificial
            intelligence and data science.
        (b) AI Testbeds.--Section 22A of the National Institute of
    Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278h-1) is amended--
                (1) by redesignating subsection (g) as subsection (h); and
                (2) by inserting after subsection (f) the following:
        ``(g) Testbeds.--In coordination with other Federal agencies as
    appropriate, the private sector, and institutions of higher education
    (as such term is defined in section 101 of the Higher Education Act of
    1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001)), the Director may establish testbeds, including
    in virtual environments, to support the development of robust and
    trustworthy artificial intelligence and machine learning systems,
    including testbeds that examine the vulnerabilities and conditions that
    may lead to failure in, malfunction of, or attacks on such systems.''.

    SEC. 10233. SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY RESEARCH AND EDUCATION.

        In accordance with section 263 of the National Defense
    Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 9303), the Director
    shall carry out activities in support of sustainable chemistry,
    including coordinating and partnering with academia, industry,
    nonprofit organizations, and other entities in activities to support
    clean, safe, and economic alternatives, technologies, and methodologies
    to traditional chemical products and processes.

    SEC. 10234. PREMISE PLUMBING RESEARCH.

        (a) In General.--The Secretary, acting through the Director, shall
    create a program, in consultation with the Environmental Protection
    Agency, for premise plumbing research, including to--
                (1) conduct metrology research on premise plumbing in
            relation to water safety, security, efficiency, sustainability,
            and resilience; and
                (2) coordinate research activities with academia, the
            private sector, nonprofit organizations, and other Federal
            agencies.
        (b) Definitions.--For purposes of this section, the term ``premise
    plumbing'' means the water distribution system located within the
    property lines of a property, including all buildings and permanent
    structures on such property. Such term includes building supply and
    distribution pipes, fixtures, fittings, water heaters, water-treating
    and water-using equipment, and all respective joints, connections,
    devices, and appurtenances.

    SEC. 10235. DR. DAVID SATCHER CYBERSECURITY EDUCATION GRANT PROGRAM.

        (a) Authorization of Grants.--
                (1) In general.--Subject to the availability of
            appropriations, the Director shall carry out the Dr. David
            Satcher Cybersecurity Education Grant Program by--
                        (A) awarding grants to assist institutions of
                    higher education that have an enrollment of needy
                    students, historically Black colleges and universities,
                    Tribal Colleges and Universities, and minority-serving
                    institutions, to establish or expand cybersecurity
                    programs, to build and upgrade institutional capacity
                    to better support new or existing cybersecurity
                    programs, including cybersecurity partnerships with
                    public and private entities, and to support such
                    institutions on the path to producing qualified
                    entrants in the cybersecurity workforce or becoming a
                    National Center of Academic Excellence in
                    Cybersecurity; and
                        (B) awarding grants to build capacity at
                    institutions of higher education that have an
                    enrollment of needy students, historically Black
                    colleges and universities, Tribal Colleges and
                    Universities, and minority-serving institutions, to
                    expand cybersecurity education opportunities,
                    cybersecurity programs, cybersecurity research, and
                    cybersecurity partnerships with public and private
                    entities.
                (2) Reservation.--The Director shall award not less than 50
            percent of the amount available for grants under this section
            to historically Black colleges and universities, Tribal
            Colleges and Universities, and minority-serving institutions.
                (3) Coordination.--The Director shall carry out this
            section in coordination with appropriate Federal agencies,
            including the Departments of Homeland Security, Education, and
            Labor.
                (4) Sunset.--The Director's authority to award grants under
            paragraph (1) shall terminate on the date that is 5 years after
            the date the Director first awards a grant under paragraph (1).
        (b) Applications.--An eligible institution seeking a grant under
    subsection (a) shall submit an application to the Director at such
    time, in such manner, and containing such information as the Director
    may reasonably require, including a statement of how the institution
    will use the funds awarded through the grant to expand cybersecurity
    education opportunities at the eligible institution.
        (c) Activities.--An eligible institution that receives a grant
    under this section may use the funds awarded through such grant for
    increasing research, education, technical, partnership, and innovation
    capacity, including for--
                (1) building and upgrading institutional capacity to better
            support new or existing cybersecurity programs, including
            cybersecurity partnerships with public and private entities;
                (2) building and upgrading institutional capacity to
            provide hands-on research and training experiences for
            undergraduate and graduate students; and
                (3) outreach and recruitment to ensure students are aware
            of such new or existing cybersecurity programs, including
            cybersecurity partnerships with public and private entities.
        (d) Reporting Requirements.--Not later than--
                (1) one year after the effective date of this section, as
            provided in subsection (f), and annually thereafter until the
            Director submits the report under paragraph (2), the Director
            shall prepare and submit to Congress a report on the status and
            progress of implementation of the grant program under this
            section, including on the number and demographics of
            institutions participating, the number and nature of students
            served by cybersecurity programs at institutions receiving
            grants, as well as the number of certificates or degrees
            awarded through such cybersecurity programs, the level of
            funding provided to grant recipients, the types of activities
            being funded by the grants program, and plans for future
            implementation and development; and
                (2) five years after the effective date of this section, as
            provided in subsection (f), the Director shall prepare and
            submit to Congress a report on the status of cybersecurity
            education programming and capacity-building at institutions
            receiving grants under this section, including changes in the
            scale and scope of these programs, associated facilities, or in
            accreditation status, and on the educational and employment
            outcomes of students participating in cybersecurity programs
            that have received support under this section.
        (e) Performance Metrics.--The Director shall establish performance
    metrics for grants awarded under this section.
        (f) Effective Date.--This section shall take effect 1 year after
    the date of enactment of this Act.

                         Subtitle C--General Activities

    SEC. 10241. EDUCATIONAL OUTREACH AND SUPPORT FOR UNDERREPRESENTED
                  COMMUNITIES.

        Section 18 of the National Institute of Standards and Technology
    Act (15 U.S.C. 278g-1) is amended--
                (1) in subsection (a), in the second sentence--
                        (A) by striking ``may'' and inserting ``shall'';
                    and
                        (B) by striking ``academia'' and inserting
                    ``diverse types of institutions of higher education,
                    including historically Black colleges and universities,
                    Tribal Colleges and Universities, and minority-serving
                    institutions, and community colleges''; and
                (2) in subsection (e)--
                        (A) in paragraph (4), by striking ``and'' at the
                    end;
                        (B) in paragraph (5), by striking the period at the
                    end and inserting ``; and''; and
                        (C) by inserting after paragraph (5) the following:
                ``(6) conduct outreach to and develop research
            collaborations with historically Black colleges and
            universities, Tribal Colleges or Universities, and minority
            serving institutions, including through the recruitment of
            students and faculty at such institutions to participate in
            programs developed under paragraph (3);
                ``(7) conduct outreach to and develop research
            collaborations with community colleges, including through the
            recruitment of students and faculty at such institutions to
            participate in programs developed under paragraph (3);
                ``(8) carry out other activities to increase the
            participation of persons historically underrepresented in STEM
            in the Institute's programs; and
                ``(9) conduct outreach to and develop collaborations with
            nontraditional educational organizations, including those that
            offer training through nonprofit associations and professional
            associations or professional societies, to engage persons
            historically underrepresented in STEM through programs
            developed under this subsection.''.

    SEC. 10242. OTHER TRANSACTIONS AUTHORITY.

        (a) In General.--Paragraph (4) of section 2(b) of the National
    Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 272(b)) is amended
    to read as follows:
                ``(4) to enter into and perform such contracts, including
            cooperative research and development arrangements and grants
            and cooperative agreements or other transactions, as may be
            necessary in the conduct of its work and on such terms as it
            may determine appropriate, in furtherance of the purposes of
            this Act;''.
        (b) Reporting.--Not later than one year after the date of the
    enactment of this Act and not less than annually thereafter, the
    Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and
    Technology and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of
    Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and
    Transportation and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate a
    report on the use of agreements, activities, and associated funding for
    transactions (other than contracts, cooperative agreements, and grants)
    described in paragraph (4) of section 2(b) of the National Institute of
    Standards and Technology Act (as amended by subsection (a)), including
    the following elements:
                (1) A description of when the other transactions authority
            described in such amended paragraph was used and for what
            purpose.
                (2) A description of why such other transactions authority
            was required.
                (3) Steps taken to ensure necessary and sufficient
            oversight of Federal Government requirements implemented using
            such other transactions authority.

    SEC. 10243. REPORT TO CONGRESS ON COLLABORATIONS WITH GOVERNMENT
                  AGENCIES.

        Not later than 6 months after the date of the enactment of this
    Act, the Director shall submit a report to the Committee on Science,
    Space, and Technology and the Committee on Appropriations of the House
    of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and
    Transportation and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate
    describing the Institute's challenges with respect to collaboration
    between the Institute and other Federal agencies. The report shall
    include, at a minimum--
                (1) an assessment of the challenges that arise with
            interagency collaboration, including transfer of funds with a
            limited period of availability to the Institute and issues with
            sharing personnel, associates, facilities, and property with
            collaborating agencies; and
                (2) descriptions of projects that were disrupted due to the
            challenges outlined in paragraph (1).

    SEC. 10244. HIRING CRITICAL TECHNICAL EXPERTS.

        Section 6 of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Act
    (15 U.S.C. 275) is amended to read as follows:

    ``SEC. 6. HIRING CRITICAL TECHNICAL EXPERTS.

        ``(a) In General.--The officers and employees of the Institute,
    except the director, shall be appointed by the Secretary at such time
    as their respective services may become necessary.
        ``(b) Hiring Critical Technical Experts.--Notwithstanding section
    3104 of title 5 or the provisions of any other law relating to the
    appointment, number, classification, or compensation of employees, the
    Secretary shall have the authority to make appointments of scientific,
    engineering, and professional personnel, and to fix the basic pay of
    such personnel at a rate to be determined by the Secretary at rates not
    in excess of the highest total annual compensation payable at the rate
    determined under section 104 of title 3, United States Code. The
    Director shall appoint not more than 15 personnel under this section.
        ``(c) Sunset.--The authority under section (b) shall expire on the
    date that is 5 years after the date of the enactment of this
    section.''.

    SEC. 10245. INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT.

        (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
                (1) the principles of openness, transparency, due process,
            balance of interests, appeals, and consensus in the development
            of international standards are critical;
                (2) voluntary consensus standards, developed through an
            industry-led process, serve as the cornerstone of the United
            States standardization system and have become the basis of a
            sound national economy and the key to global market access;
                (3) strengthening the unique United States public-private
            partnerships approach to standards development is critical to
            United States economic competitiveness; and
                (4) the United States Government should ensure cooperation
            and coordination across Federal agencies to partner with and
            support private sector stakeholders to continue to shape
            international dialogues in regard to standards development for
            emerging technologies.
        (b) International Standards Engagement.--
                (1) In general.--The Director shall lead information
            exchange and coordination among Federal agencies and
            communication from Federal agencies to the private sector of
            the United States to ensure effective Federal engagement in the
            development and use of international technical standards.
                (2) Requirements.--To support private sector-led engagement
            and ensure effective Federal engagement in the development and
            use of international technical standards, the Director shall
            consider--
                        (A) the role and needs of the Federal Government
                    with respect to international technical standards;
                        (B) organizations developing international
                    technical standards of interest to the United States,
                    United States representation and influence in these
                    organizations, and key contributors for technical and
                    leadership expertise in these organizations;
                        (C) support for persons with domain subject matter
                    expertise, especially from small businesses located in
                    the United States, to influence and engage in technical
                    standards leadership positions, working groups and
                    meetings;
                        (D) opportunities for partnerships for supporting
                    international technical standards from across the
                    Federal Government, Federally funded research and
                    development centers, university-affiliated research
                    centers, institutions of higher education, industry,
                    industry associations, nonprofit organizations, and
                    other key contributors;
                        (E) support for activities to encourage the
                    adoption of technical standards developed in the United
                    States to be adopted by international standards
                    organizations; and
                        (F) other activities determined by the Director to
                    be necessary to support United States participation in
                    international standards development, economic
                    competitiveness, and national security in the
                    development and use of international technical
                    standards.
        (c) Capacity Building Guidance.--The Director shall support
    education and workforce development efforts to promote United States
    participation in international standards organizations. The Director
    shall--
                (1) identify and create, as appropriate, technical
            standards education and training resources for interested
            businesses, industry associations, academia, nonprofit
            organizations, Federal agencies, and other relevant standards
            contributors, including activities targeted at integrating
            standards content into undergraduate and graduate curricula in
            science, engineering, business, public policy, and law;
                (2) conduct outreach, including to private sector leaders,
            to support engagement by more United States stakeholders in
            international technical standards development; and
                (3) other activities determined necessary by the Director
            to support increased engagement, influence, and leadership of
            United States organizations in the development of international
            technical standards.
        (d) Capacity Building Pilot Program.--
                (1) In general.--The Director, in coordination with the
            Director of the National Science Foundation, and the heads of
            other relevant Federal agencies, as appropriate, shall
            establish or enter into cooperative agreements with appropriate
            nongovernmental organizations to establish a 5-year pilot
            program to award grants, on a merit-reviewed, competitive
            basis, to private sector entities, institutions of higher
            education, or nonprofit institutions based in the United States
            to support increased participation and leadership by small
            business and academic interests in international standards
            organizations.
                (2) Use of funds.--Grants awarded to eligible entities
            under this subsection may be used to cover reasonable costs, up
            to a specified ceiling set by the Director, of activities to
            support increased engagement and leadership of eligible entity
            employees in international standards organizations, which may
            include costs associated with--
                        (A) travel;
                        (B) education and training;
                        (C) dues or fees related to participation in
                    technical standards development activities; and
                        (D) other such costs that the Director determines
                    may reasonably support participation of the eligible
                    entity in international standards organizations.
                (3) Award criteria.--The Director shall ensure that award
            decisions made under this subsection take into account the
            extent to which the eligible entity--
                        (A) employs full-time an individual or individuals
                    who demonstrate deep technical standards expertise;
                        (B) employs full-time an individual or individuals
                    who demonstrate knowledge with the processes of the
                    standards development organization in which the
                    eligible entity intends to engage using grant funds;
                        (C) proposes a feasible set of standard
                    deliverables to be completed over the period of the
                    grant;
                        (D) explains how the eligible entity will fund
                    additional standards-related activities necessary to
                    achieve the deliverables referred to in subparagraph
                    (C) if the grant funds are insufficient to cover all
                    costs of such activities;
                        (E) commits personnel with appropriate expertise to
                    regularly engage in relevant international
                    organizations responsible for developing technical
                    standards over the period of the grant; and
                        (F) identifies a clearly defined current or
                    anticipated market need or gap that would be addressed
                    by their standards development proposal.
                (4) Eligibility.--A small business concern (as such term is
            defined in section 3 of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 632)
            based in the United States, an institution of higher education,
            or a nonprofit institution (as such term is defined in section
            4 of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15
            U.S.C. 3703)) shall be eligible to receive grants under this
            program.
                (5) Guidance on application and award process.--The
            Director shall develop, and periodically update, guidance,
            including eligibility, applicant disclosure requirements, grant
            amount and duration, the merit review process, priority areas
            for standards development, and any additional requirements for
            how grants are awarded under this subsection.
                (6) Merit review process.--The Director shall ensure that
            grants under this subsection are awarded based on a
            competitive, merit review process including the use of merit
            review panels that may include experts from both government,
            the private sector, and, as appropriate, academic, nonprofit,
            or other organizations as the Director determines appropriate.
                (7) Consultation.--In carrying out the pilot program
            established under this subsection, the Director shall consult
            with other Federal agencies, private sector organizations,
            institutions of higher education, and nonprofit organizations
            to help inform the pilot program, including the guidance
            developed under paragraph (5).
                (8) Report to congress.--The Director shall brief Congress
            after the second year of the pilot program and each year
            following that includes the following:
                        (A) An assessment of the effectiveness of the pilot
                    program for improving the participation of United
                    States small businesses, United States institutions of
                    higher education, or other nonprofit research
                    institutions in international standards organizations,
                    including--
                                (i) the type of activities supported,
                            including leadership roles;
                                (ii) the international standards
                            organizations participated in; and
                                (iii) the technical areas covered by the
                            activities.
                        (B) If determined effective, a plan for permanent
                    implementation of the pilot program.

    SEC. 10246. STANDARD TECHNICAL UPDATE.

        (a) National Institute of Standards and Technology Act Updates.--
    The National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 271)
    is amended--
                (1) by amending subsection (a) of section 17 (15 U.S.C.
            278g) to read as follows:
        ``(a) The Secretary is authorized, notwithstanding any other
    provision of law, to expend such sums, within the limit of appropriated
    funds, as the Secretary may determine desirable through direct support
    for activities of international organizations and foreign national
    metrology institutes with which the Institute cooperates to advance
    measurement methods, technical standards, and related basic
    technologies, for official representation, to host official receptions,
    dinners, and similar events, and to otherwise extend official
    courtesies, including transportation of foreign dignitaries and
    representatives of foreign national metrology institutes to and from
    the Institute, for the purpose of maintaining the standing and prestige
    of the Department of Commerce and the Institute, through the grant of
    fellowships or other appropriate form of financial or logistical
    assistance or support to foreign nationals not in service to the
    Government of the United States while they are performing scientific or
    engineering work at the Institute or participating in the exchange of
    scientific or technical information at the Institute.''; and
                (2) in section 20 (15 U.S.C. 278g-3)--
                        (A) in subsection (c), by amending paragraph (3) to
                    read as follows:
                ``(3) submit such standards and guidelines to the Secretary
            of Commerce for promulgation under section 11331 of title
            40;''; and
                        (B) in subsection (d)--
                                (i) in paragraph (1), by striking
                            ``Director of the Office of Management and
                            Budget'' and inserting ``Secretary of
                            Commerce''; and
                                (ii) in paragraph (8), by striking
                            ``Director of Management and Budget with such
                            standards submitted to the Director'' and
                            inserting ``Secretary of Commerce with such
                            standards submitted to the Secretary''.
        (b) Stevenson-Wydler Updates.--The Stevenson-Wydler Technology
    Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3701 et seq.) is amended--
                (1) in paragraph (1) of section 17(c) (15 U.S.C.
            3711a(c))--
                        (A) by moving each of subparagraphs (D) and (E) two
                    ems to the left; and
                        (B) by adding at the end the following:
                        ``(G) Community.''; and
                (2) in subsection (m) of section 26 (15 U.S.C. 3721)--
                        (A) by striking paragraph (2);
                        (B) by redesignating paragraph (3) as paragraph
                    (2); and
                        (C) in paragraph (2), as so redesignated, by
                    striking ``and the Comptroller General's review under
                    paragraph (2)''.
        (c) American Innovation and Competitiveness Act Update.--Section
    113 of the American Innovation and Competitiveness Act (15 U.S.C. 278e
    note) is repealed.
        (d) Clerical Amendment.--The item relating to section 113 in the
    table of contents in section 1(b) of the American Innovation and
    Competitiveness Act is repealed.
        (e) Federal Energy Management Improvement Act Update.--Section 4 of
    the Federal Energy Management Improvement Act of 1988 (15 U.S.C. 5001)
    is amended--
                (1) by striking ``Secretary of Commerce'' and ``Secretary''
            each place either such term appears and inserting ``Consumer
            Product Safety Commission'';
                (2) by redesignating the second subsection (c) as
            subsection (e); and
                (3) in subsection (g), by redesignating clauses (i) and
            (ii) as paragraphs (1) and (2), respectively.
        (f) Title 40, United States Code.--Section 11331 of title 40,
    United States Code, is amended by striking subsections (a) through (d)
    and inserting the following:
        ``(a) Standards and Guidelines.--
                ``(1) Authority to prescribe.--Except as provided under
            paragraph (2), the Secretary of Commerce shall, on the basis of
            standards and guidelines developed by the National Institute of
            Standards and Technology pursuant to paragraphs (2) and (3) of
            section 20(a) of the National Institute of Standards and
            Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278g-3(a)), prescribe standards and
            guidelines pertaining to Federal information systems.
                ``(2) National security systems.--Standards and guidelines
            for national security systems shall be developed, prescribed,
            enforced, and overseen as otherwise authorized by law and as
            directed by the President.
        ``(b) Mandatory Requirements.--
                ``(1) Authority to make mandatory.--Except as provided
            under paragraph (2), the Secretary of Commerce shall make
            standards prescribed under subsection (a)(1) compulsory and
            binding to the extent determined necessary by the Secretary to
            improve the efficiency of operation or security of Federal
            information systems.
                ``(2) Required mandatory standards.--
                        ``(A) In general.--Standards prescribed under
                    subsection (a)(1) shall include information security
                    standards that--
                                ``(i) provide minimum information security
                            requirements as determined under section 20(b)
                            of the National Institute of Standards and
                            Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278g-3(b)); and
                                ``(ii) are otherwise necessary to improve
                            the security of Federal information and
                            information systems.
                        ``(B) Requirement.--Information security standards
                    described in subparagraph (A) shall be compulsory and
                    binding.
        ``(c) Authority to Disapprove or Modify.--The President may
    disapprove or modify the standards and guidelines referred to in
    subsection (a)(1) if the President determines such action to be in the
    public interest. The President's authority to disapprove or modify such
    standards and guidelines may not be delegated. Notice of such
    disapproval or modification shall be published promptly in the Federal
    Register. Upon receiving notice of such disapproval or modification,
    the Secretary of Commerce shall immediately rescind or modify such
    standards or guidelines as directed by the President.
        ``(d) Exercise of Authority.--To ensure fiscal and policy
    consistency, the Secretary of Commerce shall exercise the authority
    conferred by this section subject to direction by the President and in
    coordination with the Director of the Office of Management and Budget.
        ``(e) Application of More Stringent Standards.--The head of an
    executive agency may employ standards for the cost-effective
    information security for Federal information systems within or under
    the supervision of that agency that are more stringent than the
    standards the Secretary prescribes under this section if the more
    stringent standards--
                ``(1) contain at least the applicable standards made
            compulsory and binding by the Secretary of Commerce; and
                ``(2) are otherwise consistent with policies and guidelines
            issued under section 3553 of title 44.
        ``(f) Decisions on Promulgation of Standards.--The decision by the
    Secretary of Commerce regarding the promulgation of any standard under
    this section shall occur not later than 6 months after the submission
    of the proposed standard to the Secretary by the National Institute of
    Standards and Technology, as provided under section 20 of the National
    Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278g-3).
        ``(g) Definitions.--In this section:
                ``(1) Federal information system.--The term `Federal
            information system' means an information system used or
            operated by an executive agency, by a contractor of an
            executive agency, or by another organization on behalf of an
            executive agency.
                ``(2) Information security.--The term `information
            security' has the meaning given that term in section 3552(b)(3)
            of title 44.
                ``(3) National security system.--The term `national
            security system' has the meaning given that term in section
            3552(b)(6) of title 44.''.
        (g) Technical and Conforming Amendment.--Paragraph (2) of section
    20(a) of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15
    U.S.C. 278g-3(a)) is amended by striking ``section 3552(b)(5) of title
    44, United States Code'' and inserting ``section 3552(b)(6) of title
    44, United States Code''.
        (h) National Construction Safety Team Act Updates.--Section 4 of
    the National Construction Safety Team Act (15 U.S.C. 7303) is amended--
                (1) in subsection (c), by adding at the end the following:
                ``(5) Civil suits.--Where practicable, a Team shall
            cooperate with civil litigants without compromising a Team's
            investigation or the evidence preservation activities as
            described in this section.''; and
                (2) in subsection (d)--
                        (A) in the subsection heading, by striking
                    ``Interagency'' and inserting ``Investigation''; and
                        (B) in paragraph (1), by inserting ``or any civil
                    suit or civil action'' after ``Federal agency''.

    SEC. 10247. GAO STUDY OF NIST RESEARCH SECURITY POLICIES AND PROTOCOLS.

        (a) Evaluation.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment
    of this Act, the Comptroller General of the United States shall conduct
    a study of the Institute's policies and protocols to protect its
    research and combat undue foreign influence.
        (b) Matters to Be Included.--The study conducted under subsection
    (a) shall include, to the extent practicable, the following:
                (1) An analysis of steps taken by the Institute to address
            foreign threats to Institute-funded research over the previous
            5 years.
                (2) An analysis of the coordination and engagement between
            the Department of Commerce's Office of Inspector General, the
            Department of Commerce's Office of Intelligence, the National
            Counterintelligence and Security Center of the Office of the
            Director of National Intelligence, and the Institute in
            identifying and addressing concerning findings.
                (3) An assessment of the Institute's review process for
            foreign national associates.
                (4) An assessment of the Institute's policies as it relates
            to employees and associates participating in foreign talent
            recruitment programs.
                (5) An assessment of the Institute's implementation of
            conflict of interest and disclosure policies and requirements,
            including the disclosure requirements authorized in section 223
            of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021
            (Public Law 116-283).
                (6) An assessment of the Institute's, the Department of
            Commerce's Office of Security, the Department of Commerce's
            Office of Intelligence, and the Department of Commerce's Office
            of Inspector General's ability to monitor and enforce conflict
            of interest and disclosure policies and requirements, including
            the disclosure requirements authorized in section 223 of the
            National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public
            Law 116-283).
                (7) An assessment of the Institute's, the Department of
            Commerce's, and the Department of Commerce's Office of
            Inspector General's ability to conduct risk assessments of
            research and development award applications and disclosures to
            the Institute.
                (8) An assessment of the Institute's research security
            training programs for both internal and externally-supported
            researchers and associates, including training focused on
            international collaboration, and international travel, foreign
            interference, and rules for proper use of funds, disclosure,
            conflict of commitment, and conflict of interest.
                (9) An analysis and summary of incidents of undue foreign
            influence at Institute-supported research facilities and
            programs over the past 10 years.
                (10) Recommendations for the Institute to bolster its
            research security policies and protocols.
                (11) Other matters the Comptroller General determines
            appropriate.
        (c) Congressional Briefing.--Not later than 180 days after the date
    of enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General shall brief the
    Committee on Science, Space, and Technology and the Permanent Select
    Committee on Intelligence of the House of Representatives and the
    Committee of Commerce, Science, and Transportation and the Select
    Committee on Intelligence of the Senate on the findings available from
    the evaluation conducted under subsection (a).
        (d) Report.--Not later than 18 months after the date of enactment
    of this Act, the Comptroller General shall submit to the congressional
    committees specified in subsection (c) a report on the findings and
    recommendations of the evaluation conducted under subsection (a).

    SEC. 10248. STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION GRANTS.

        (a) Nongovernmental Standards Development Organization Defined.--In
    this section, the term ``nongovernmental standards development
    organization'' means a nongovernmental standards development
    organization (as defined in section 2(e) of the Office of Management
    and Budget Circular A-119 (relating to Federal participation in the
    development and use of voluntary consensus standards in conformity
    assessment activities), or any successor document) that adheres to the
    American National Standards Institute (ANSI) Essential Requirements for
    Due Process for American National Standards.
        (b) Grant Authority.--The Secretary of Commerce, acting through the
    Director, shall establish a competitive program of grants for
    nongovernmental standards development organizations for the purposes
    described in subsection (c).
        (c) Purposes.--A grant awarded under subsection (b) shall be used
    to develop, approve, disseminate, maintain, and review forensic science
    voluntary consensus standards and best practices that shall be
    available to the public free of charge.
        (d) Additional Requirements.--The Director may promulgate such
    requirements, guidelines, and procedures as may be necessary to carry
    out this section.
        (e) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be
    appropriated to carry out this section $2,000,000 for each of fiscal
    years 2022 through 2026.

            Subtitle D--Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership

    SEC. 10251. ESTABLISHMENT OF EXPANSION AWARDS PILOT PROGRAM AS A PART
                  OF THE HOLLINGS MANUFACTURING EXTENSION PARTNERSHIP.

        (a) Establishment of Expansion Awards Program.--The National
    Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 271 et seq.) is
    amended by inserting after section 25A (15 U.S.C. 278k-1) the
    following:

    ``SEC. 25B. EXPANSION AWARDS PILOT PROGRAM.

        ``(a) Definitions.--The terms used in this section have the
    meanings given the terms in section 25.
        ``(b) Establishment.--The Director shall establish, subject to the
    availability of appropriations, as a part of the Hollings Manufacturing
    Extension Partnership under sections 25 and 25A, a pilot program of
    expansion awards among participants described in subsection (c) for the
    purposes described in subsection (e).
        ``(c) Participants.--Participants receiving awards under this
    section shall be Centers, or a consortium of Centers (as such term is
    defined in section 25).
        ``(d) Award Amounts.--Subject to the availability of
    appropriations, an award for a recipient under this section shall be in
    an amount equal to the sum of the following:
                ``(1) Such amount as the Director considers appropriate as
            a minimum base funding level for each award under this section.
                ``(2) Such additional amount as the Director considers in
            proportion to the manufacturing density of the region of the
            recipient.
                ``(3) Such supplemental amounts as the Director considers
            appropriate.
        ``(e) Purpose of Awards.--An award under this section shall be made
    for one or more of the following purposes:
                ``(1) To provide worker education, training, development,
            and entrepreneurship training and to connect individuals or
            business with such services offered in their community, which
            may include employee ownership and workforce training,
            including connecting manufacturers with career and technical
            education entities, institutions of higher education (including
            community colleges), workforce development boards, labor
            organizations, and nonprofit job training providers to develop
            and support training and job placement services, including
            apprenticeship and online learning platforms, for new and
            incumbent workers, programming to prevent job losses when
            adopting new technologies and processes, and development of
            employee ownership practices.
                ``(2) To provide services to improve the resiliency of
            domestic supply chains.
                ``(3) To mitigate vulnerabilities to cyberattacks,
            including helping to offset the cost of cybersecurity projects
            for small manufacturers.
                ``(4) To expand advanced technology services to United
            States-based small- and medium-sized manufacturers, which may
            include--
                        ``(A) developing technology demonstration
                    laboratories;
                        ``(B) training and demonstration in areas of supply
                    chain and critical technology needs, including a focus
                    on the demonstration of technologies developed by
                    companies based in the United States;
                        ``(C) services for the adoption of advanced
                    technologies, including smart manufacturing
                    technologies and practices; and
                        ``(D) establishing partnerships, for the
                    development, demonstration, and deployment of advanced
                    technologies, with--
                                ``(i) national laboratories (as defined in
                            section 2 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42
                            U.S.C. 15801));
                                ``(ii) Federal laboratories;
                                ``(iii) Manufacturing USA institutes (as
                            described in section 34(d)); and
                                ``(iv) institutions of higher education.
                ``(5) To build capabilities across the Hollings
            Manufacturing Extension Partnership for domestic supply chain
            resiliency and optimization, including--
                        ``(A) assessment of domestic manufacturing
                    capabilities, expanded capacity for researching and
                    deploying information on supply chain risk, hidden
                    costs of reliance on offshore suppliers, redesigning
                    products and processes to encourage reshoring, and
                    other relevant topics; and
                        ``(B) expanded services to provide industrywide
                    support that assists United States manufacturers with
                    reshoring manufacturing to strengthen the resiliency of
                    domestic supply chains, including in critical
                    technology areas and foundational manufacturing
                    capabilities that are key to domestic manufacturing
                    competitiveness and resiliency, including forming,
                    casting, machining, joining, surface treatment,
                    tooling, and metal or chemical refining.
        ``(f) Reimbursement.--The Director may reimburse Centers for costs
    incurred by the Centers under this section.
        ``(g) Applications.--Applications for awards under this section
    shall be submitted in such manner, at such time, and containing such
    information as the Director shall require in consultation with the
    Manufacturing Extension Partnership Advisory Board.
        ``(h) Selection.--
                ``(1) Reviewed and merit-based.--The Director shall ensure
            that awards under this section are reviewed and merit-based.
                ``(2) Geographic diversity.--The Director shall endeavor to
            have broad geographic diversity among selected proposals.
                ``(3) Criteria.--The Director shall select applications
            consistent with the purposes identified pursuant to subsection
            (e) to receive awards that the Director determines will achieve
            one or more of the following:
                        ``(A) Improvement of the competitiveness of
                    industries in the region in which the Center or Centers
                    are located.
                        ``(B) Creation of jobs or training of newly hired
                    employees.
                        ``(C) Promotion of the transfer and
                    commercialization of research and technology from
                    institutions of higher education, national
                    laboratories, or other federally funded research
                    programs, and nonprofit research institutes.
                        ``(D) Recruitment of a diverse manufacturing
                    workforce, including through outreach to
                    underrepresented populations, including individuals
                    identified in section 33 or section 34 of the Science
                    and Engineering Equal Opportunities Act (42 U.S.C.
                    1885a, 1885b).
                        ``(E) Any other result the Director determines will
                    advance the objective set forth in section 25(c) or
                    25A.
        ``(i) Program Contribution.--Recipients of awards under this
    section shall not be required to provide a matching contribution.
        ``(j) Global Marketplace Projects.--In making an award under this
    section, the Director, in consultation with the Manufacturing Extension
    Partnership Advisory Board and the Secretary, may take into
    consideration whether an application has significant potential for
    enhancing the competitiveness of small and medium-sized United States
    manufacturers in the global marketplace.
        ``(k) Duration.--The Director shall ensure that the duration of an
    award under this section is aligned and consistent with a Center's
    cooperative agreement established in section 25(e).
        ``(l) Report.--Not later than October 1, 2025, the Director shall
    submit to Congress a report that includes--
                ``(1) a summary description of what activities were funded
            and the measurable outcomes of such activities;
                ``(2) a description of which types of activities under
            paragraph (1) could remain as part of a permanent expansion
            awards program;
                ``(3) a description of which types of activities under
            paragraph (1) could be integrated into, and supported under,
            the program under section 25;
                ``(4) a description of which types of activities under
            paragraph (1) could be integrated into, and supported under,
            the competitive awards program under section 25A; and
                ``(5) a recommendation, supported by a clear explanation,
            as to whether the pilot program should be continued.''.
        (b) Resource Optimization.--Of amounts authorized for the Hollings
    Manufacturing Extension Partnership program under section 25 of the
    National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k),
    the Secretary shall optimize funding across sections 25 and 25A of such
    Act, as well as the program established under section 25B of such Act
    (as added by subsection (a)), to the extent practicable and subject to
    the availability of appropriations, in order to maximize Center (as
    such term is defined in such section 25) participation as well as
    competitiveness, productivity, and technological performance in United
    States manufacturing.

    SEC. 10252. UPDATE TO HOLLINGS MANUFACTURING EXTENSION PARTNERSHIP.

        (a) Acceptance of Funds.--Subsection (l) of section 25 of the
    National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k) is
    amended to read as follows:
        ``(l) Acceptance of Funds.--
                ``(1) In general.--To the extent provided in advance in
            appropriations Acts, other Federal departments and agencies may
            transfer amounts to the Institute, and the Secretary and
            Director may accept and make available cash donations from the
            private sector pursuant to section 2(c)(7), to be used for
            strengthening United States manufacturing under this section.
                ``(2) Competitive awards.--Funds accepted from other
            Federal departments and agencies and from the private sector
            under paragraph (1) shall be awarded competitively by the
            Secretary and Director to Centers, provided that the Secretary
            and Director may make noncompetitive awards, pursuant to this
            section or section 25A, or as a non-competitive contract, as
            appropriate, if the Secretary and Director determine that--
                        ``(A) the manufacturing market or sector targeted
                    is limited geographically or in scope;
                        ``(B) the number of States (or territory, in the
                    case of Puerto Rico) with Centers serving manufacturers
                    of such market or sector is five or fewer; and
                        ``(C) such Center has or Centers have received a
                    positive evaluation in the most recent evaluation
                    conducted pursuant to subsection (g).''.
        (b) Supporting American Manufacturing.--Section 25 of the National
    Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k) is amended--
                (1) in subsection (a)(5)--
                        (A) by striking ``or consortium thereof,''; and
                        (B) by inserting ``or a consortium thereof'' before
                    the period at the end of the sentence;
                (2) in subsection (c)(4), by inserting ``United States-
            based'' before ``industrial'';
                (3) in subsection (d)--
                        (A) in paragraph (1), by inserting ``at United
                    States-based industrial facilities, including small and
                    medium manufacturing companies'' before ``based'';
                        (B) in paragraph (2), by inserting ``United States-
                    based'' before ``companies''; and
                        (C) in paragraph (3), by inserting ``United States-
                    based'' before ``small'';
                (4) in subsection (f)(5)(B)(i), by inserting ``in the
            United States'' before the semicolon at the end of the clause;
            and
                (5) in subsection (n)(1)(A), by inserting ``United States-
            based'' before ``small''.
        (c) Amending the MEP Competitive Awards Program.--Section 25A(c)(2)
    of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C.
    278k-1(c)(2)) is amended by inserting ``United States'' before
    ``manufacturers''.
        (d) MEP Outreach.--Section 25 of the National Institute of
    Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k) is amended--
                (1) in subsection (c)--
                        (A) in paragraph (6), by striking ``community
                    colleges and area career and technical education
                    schools'' and inserting the following: ``secondary
                    schools, community colleges, and area career and
                    technical education schools, including those in
                    underserved and rural communities,''; and
                        (B) in paragraph (7)--
                                (i) by striking ``and local colleges'' and
                            inserting ``local secondary schools and local
                            colleges, including historically Black colleges
                            and universities, Tribal Colleges or
                            Universities, minority-serving institutions,
                            community colleges, and secondary schools and
                            colleges in underserved and rural
                            communities,''; and
                                (ii) by inserting ``or other applied
                            learning opportunities'' after
                            ``apprenticeships''; and
                (2) in subsection (d)(3), by striking ``, community
            colleges, and area career and technical education schools,''
            and inserting the following: ``and local high schools,
            community colleges, and area career and technical education
            schools, including those in underserved and rural
            communities,''.

    SEC. 10253. NATIONAL SUPPLY CHAIN DATABASE.

        (a) Establishment of National Supply Chain Database.--The Director
    shall establish a voluntary National Supply Chain Database, subject to
    the availability of appropriations.
        (b) Purpose.--The purpose of the voluntary National Supply Chain
    Database shall be to assist the Federal Government and industry sectors
    in minimizing disruptions to the United States supply chain by having
    an assessment of United States manufacturers' capabilities.
        (c) Study on National Supply Chain Database.--In establishing the
    National Supply Chain Database, the Director shall consider the
    findings and recommendations from the study authorized pursuant to
    section 9413 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year
    2021 (Public Law 116-283), including measures to secure and protect the
    Database from adversarial attacks and vulnerabilities.
        (d) Database and Manufacturing Extension Partnership.--
                (1) In general.--The Director shall establish the
            infrastructure for the National Supply Chain Database through
            the Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership, established
            pursuant to section 25 of the National Institute of Standards
            and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k), by connecting information
            from the Centers (as such term is defined in such section)
            through the Database.
                (2) National view.--The Director shall ensure that
            connections under paragraph (1)--
                        (A) provide a national overview of the networks of
                    supply chains of the United States; and
                        (B) support understanding of whether there is a
                    need for some manufacturers to retool in some critical
                    areas to meet the urgent need for key products.
                (3) Individual hollings manufacturing extension partnership
            center databases.--
                        (A) In general.--The Director shall ensure that--
                                (i) each Center is connected to the
                            National Supply Chain Database; and
                                (ii) each supply chain database maintained
                            by a Center is interoperable with the Database.
                        (B) Rule of construction.--Nothing in this section
                    may be construed to require a State or territory of the
                    United States to establish a new supply chain database
                    through the Hollings Manufacturing Extension
                    Partnership program.
        (e) Maintenance of National Supply Chain Database.--The Director,
    acting through the Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership program
    or a designee of the program--
                (1) shall maintain the National Supply Chain Database as an
            integration of State-level databases from the Center of each
            State or territory of the United States;
                (2) may populate the Database with information from past or
            current clients of Centers; and
                (3) may include in the Database information voluntarily
            provided by non-client private sector entities based and
            operating in the United States, as applicable and appropriate.
        (f) Database Content.--The National Supply Chain Database may
    include the following:
                (1) Basic private sector entity information.
                (2) An overview of capabilities, accreditations, and
            products.
                (3) Proprietary information.
        (g) Standard Classification System.--The National Supply Chain
    Database may, where applicable, use the North American Industry
    Classification System (NAICS) Codes as follows:
                (1) Sector 31-33 - Manufacturing.
                (2) Sector 54 - Professional, Scientific, and Technical
            Services.
                (3) Sector 48-49 - Transportation and Warehousing.
        (h) Levels.--The National Supply Chain Database shall be multi-
    leveled as agreed to under terms of mutual disclosure as follows:
                (1) Level 1 shall have the capability to provide basic
            private sector entity information and shall be available to the
            public.
                (2) Level 2 shall have the capability to provide a deeper,
            nonproprietary overview into capabilities, products, and
            accreditations and shall be available to all companies that
            contribute to the Database.
                (3) Level 3 shall have the capability to hold proprietary
            information.
        (i) Matters Relating to Disclosure and Access.--
                (1) FOIA exemption.--The National Supply Chain Database,
            and any information contained therein that is not publicly
            released by the Institute, shall be exempt from public
            disclosure under section 552(b)(3) of title 5, United States
            Code.
                (2) Limitation on access to content.--Access to a
            contributing private sector entity's nonpublic content in the
            National Supply Chain Database shall be limited to--
                        (A) the contributing private sector entity, the
                    Institute, and staff from a Center who sign a
                    nondisclosure agreement, and
                        (B) other Federal departments and agencies,
            as the Director considers appropriate.
                (3) Aggregated information.--The Director may make
            aggregated, de-identified information available to contributing
            companies, Centers, or the public, as the Director considers
            appropriate, in support of the purposes of this section.
        (j) Coordination With National Technology and Industrial Base
    Council.--The Director, acting through the Hollings Manufacturing
    Extension Partnership program, may work with the National Defense
    Technology and Industrial Base Council established under section 4812
    of title 10, United States Code, as the Director considers appropriate,
    to include in the National Supply Chain Database information regarding
    the defense manufacturing supply chain.
        (k) Protections.--
                (1) In general.--Supply chain information that is
            voluntarily and lawfully submitted to the National Supply Chain
            Database by a private sector entity and accompanied by an
            express statement described in paragraph (2)--
                        (A) shall be exempt from disclosure under section
                    552(b)(3) of title 5, United States Code;
                        (B) may not be made available pursuant to any
                    Federal, State, local, or Tribal authority pursuant to
                    any Federal, State, local, or Tribal law requiring
                    public disclosure of information or records; and
                        (C) may not, without the written consent of the
                    private sector entity submitting such information, be
                    used directly by the Director, or any other Federal,
                    State, or local authority in any civil enforcement
                    action brought by a Federal, State, Tribal, or local
                    authority.
                (2) Express statement.--The express statement described in
            this paragraph, with respect to information or records, is--
                        (A) in the case of written information or records,
                    a written marking on the information or records
                    substantially similar to the following: ``This
                    information is voluntarily submitted to the Federal
                    Government in expectation of protection from disclosure
                    as provided by the provisions of section 10253(k) of
                    the Research and Development, Competition, and
                    Innovation Act.''; or
                        (B) in the case of oral information, a written
                    statement similar to the statement described in
                    subparagraph (A) submitted within a reasonable period
                    following the oral communication.
        (l) Rules of Construction.--
                (1) Private entities.--Nothing in this section may be
            construed to require any private sector entity to share data,
            including proprietary information, with the Director or the
            National Supply Chain Database.
                (2) Prohibition on new regulatory authority.--Nothing in
            this section may be construed to grant the Director, or the
            head of any other Federal agency, any authority to promulgate
            regulations or set standards on manufacturers, based on data
            within the National Supply Chain Database, that was not in
            effect on the day before the date of the enactment of this
            section.

    SEC. 10254. HOLLINGS MANUFACTURING EXTENSION PARTNERSHIP ACTIVITIES.

        Section 70924(b) of the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act
    (Public Law 117-58) is amended to read as follows:
        ``(b) Automatic Enrollment in GSA Advantage.--The Administrator of
    the General Services Administration and the Secretary of Commerce,
    acting through the Under Secretary of Commerce for Standards and
    Technology, shall jointly ensure that businesses that participate in
    the Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership, and so desire, are
    automatically enrolled in General Services Administration Advantage.''.

    SEC. 10255. AMENDMENT TO THE HOLLINGS MANUFACTURING EXTENSION
                  PARTNERSHIP RELATING TO INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER EDUCATION.

        Subsection (a) of section 25 of the National Institute of Standards
    and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k) is amended--
                (1) by redesignating paragraph (6) (relating to the
            definition of ``Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership or
            Program'') as paragraph (7);
                (2) by inserting after paragraph (5) the following new
            paragraph:
                ``(6) Historically black college and university.--The term
            `historically Black college and university' has the meaning
            given the term `part B institution' in section 322 of the
            Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1061).'';
                (3) by redesignating the second paragraph (7) (relating to
            the definition of ``MEP Advisory Board'') as paragraph (8);
                (4) by inserting after paragraph (6) (as inserted by
            paragraph (2), relating to the definition of ``historically
            Black college and university'') the following new paragraph:
                ``(7) Institution of higher education.--The term
            `institution of higher education' has the meaning given such
            term in section 101 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20
            U.S.C. 1001).''; and
                (5) by adding at the end the following new paragraphs:
                ``(9) Minority-serving institution.--The term `minority-
            serving institution' means a Hispanic-serving institution as
            defined in section 502(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965
            (20 U.S.C. 1101a(a)); an Alaska Native-serving institution or
            Native Hawaiian-serving institution as defined in section
            317(b) of such Act (20 U.S.C. 1059d(b)); or a Predominantly
            Black institution, Asian American and Native American Pacific
            Islander-serving institution, or Native American-serving
            nontribal institution as defined in section 371(c) of such Act
            (20 U.S.C. 1067q(c)).
                ``(10) Secondary school.--The term `secondary school' has
            the meaning given such term in section 8101 of the Elementary
            and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7801).
                ``(11) Tribal college or university.--The term `Tribal
            College or University' has the meaning given the term `Tribal
            College or University' in section 316 of the Higher Education
            Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1059c).''.

                     Subtitle E--Manufacturing USA Program

    SEC. 10261. SUPPORTING GEOGRAPHIC DIVERSITY.

        Section 34(e) of the National Institute of Standards and Technology
    Act (15 U.S.C. 278s(e)) is amended by adding at the end the following:
                ``(8) Diversity preferences.--In awarding financial
            assistance under paragraph (1) for planning or establishing a
            Manufacturing USA institute, an agency head shall give special
            consideration to Manufacturing USA institutes that--
                        ``(A) contribute to the geographic diversity of the
                    Manufacturing USA Program;
                        ``(B) are located in an area with a low per capita
                    income;
                        ``(C) are located in an area with a high proportion
                    of socially disadvantaged residents; or
                        ``(D) are located in small and rural
                    communities.''.

    SEC. 10262. EXPANDING OPPORTUNITIES THROUGH THE MANUFACTURING USA
                  PROGRAM.

        (a) In General.--The Secretary of Commerce, in consultation with
    the Secretary of Energy, the Secretary of Defense, and the heads of
    such other Federal agencies as the Secretary of Commerce considers
    relevant, shall coordinate with existing and new Manufacturing USA
    institutes to integrate covered entities as active members of the
    Manufacturing USA institutes, including through the development of
    preferences in selection criteria for proposals to create new
    Manufacturing USA institutes or renew existing Manufacturing USA
    institutes that include one or more covered entities.
        (b) Covered Entities.--For purposes of this subsection, a covered
    entity is--
                (1) an historically Black college and university;
                (2) a Tribal College or University;
                (3) a minority-serving institution;
                (4) a minority business enterprise (as such term is defined
            in section 1400.2 of title 15, Code of Federal Regulations, or
            successor regulation); or
                (5) a rural-serving institution of higher education (as
            such term is defined in section 861 of the Higher Education Act
            of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1161q)).

    SEC. 10263. PROMOTING DOMESTIC PRODUCTION OF TECHNOLOGIES DEVELOPED
                  UNDER MANUFACTURING USA PROGRAM.

        (a) Department of Commerce Policies to Promote Domestic Production
    of Technologies Developed Under Manufacturing USA Network.--
                (1) Policies.--
                        (A) In general.--Each agency head (as such term is
                    defined in section 34(a) of the National Institute of
                    Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278s(a))) and
                    the Secretary of Defense shall, in consultation with
                    the Secretary of Commerce, establish policies to
                    promote the domestic production of technologies
                    developed by the Manufacturing USA Network.
                        (B) Elements.--The policies established under
                    subparagraph (A) shall include the following:
                                (i) Measures to partner domestic developers
                            of goods, services, or technologies by
                            Manufacturing USA Network activities with
                            domestic manufacturers and sources of
                            financing.
                                (ii) Measures to develop and provide
                            incentives to promote transfer of intellectual
                            property and goods, services, or technologies
                            developed by Manufacturing USA Network
                            activities to domestic manufacturers.
                                (iii) Measures to assist with supplier
                            scouting and other supply chain development,
                            including the use of the Hollings Manufacturing
                            Extension Partnership under section 25 of the
                            National Institute of Standards and Technology
                            Act (15 U.S.C. 278k) to carry out such
                            measures.
                                (iv) A process to review and approve or
                            deny membership in a Manufacturing USA
                            institute by foreign-owned entities, especially
                            from countries of concern, including the
                            People's Republic of China.
                                (v) Measures to prioritize Federal
                            procurement of goods, services, or technologies
                            developed by the Manufacturing USA Network
                            activities from domestic sources, as
                            appropriate.
                        (C) Processes for waivers.--The policies
                    established under this paragraph shall include
                    processes to permit waivers, on a case by case basis,
                    for policies that promote domestic production based on
                    cost, availability, severity of technical and mission
                    requirements, emergency requirements, operational
                    needs, other legal or international treaty obligations,
                    or other factors determined important to the success of
                    the Manufacturing USA Program.
                (2) Prohibition.--
                        (A) In general.--A company of the People's Republic
                    of China may not participate in the Manufacturing USA
                    Program without a waiver, as described in paragraph
                    (1)(C).
                        (B) Company defined.--In this paragraph, the term
                    ``company'' has the meaning given such term in section
                    847(a) of the National Defense Authorization Act for
                    Fiscal Year 2020 (Public Law 116-92; 10 U.S.C. 4819
                    note).
        (b) Coordination of Manufacturing USA Institutes.--Subsection (h)
    of section 34 of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Act
    (15 U.S.C. 278s) is amended by adding at the end the following:
                ``(7) Council for coordination of institutes.--
                        ``(A) Council.--The National Program Office shall
                    establish or designate a council of heads of any
                    Manufacturing USA institute receiving Federal funding
                    at any time to foster collaboration between
                    Manufacturing USA institutes.
                        ``(B) Meetings.--The council established or
                    designated pursuant to subparagraph (A) shall meet not
                    less frequently than twice each year.
                        ``(C) Duties of the council.--The council
                    established pursuant to subparagraph (A) shall assist
                    the National Program Office in carrying out the
                    functions of the National Program Office under
                    paragraph (2).''.
        (c) Requirement for National Program Office to Develop Strategies
    for Retaining Domestic Public Benefit After Cessation of Federal
    Funding.--Subparagraph (C) of section 34(h)(2) of the National
    Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278s(h)(2)) is
    amended by inserting ``, including a strategy for retaining domestic
    public benefits from Manufacturing USA institutes once Federal funding
    has been discontinued'' after ``Program''.
        (d) Modification of Functions of National Program Office to Include
    Development of Industry Credentials.--Subparagraph (J) of section
    34(h)(2) of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15
    U.S.C. 278s(h)(2)) is amended by inserting ``, including the
    development of industry credentials'' after ``activities''.
        (e) Advice From the United States Manufacturing Council.--The
    Secretary shall seek advice from the United States Manufacturing
    Council of the International Trade Administration of the Department of
    Commerce on matters concerning investment in and support of the
    manufacturing workforce within the Manufacturing USA Program.

             TITLE III--NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION FOR THE FUTURE

                        Subtitle A--Preliminary Matters

    SEC. 10301. SENSE OF CONGRESS.

        It is the sense of Congress that--
                (1) the National Science Foundation, the Department of
            Energy and its National Laboratories, and other key Federal
            agencies have carried out vital work supporting basic and
            applied research to create knowledge that is a key driver of
            the economy of the United States and a critical component of
            national security;
                (2) openness to diverse perspectives and a focus on freedom
            from censorship and political bias will continue to make
            educational and research institutions in the United States
            beacons to thousands of students from across the world;
                (3) increasing research and technology transfer
            investments, building regional capacity and reducing geographic
            disparity, strengthening supply chains, and increasing
            capabilities in key technology focus areas will enhance the
            competitive advantage and leadership of the United States in
            the global economy;
                (4) the Federal Government must utilize the full talent and
            potential of the entire Nation by avoiding undue geographic
            concentration of research and STEM education funding,
            encouraging broader participation of populations
            underrepresented in STEM, and collaborating with nongovernment
            partners to ensure the leadership of the United States in
            technological innovation; and
                (5) authorization and funding for investments in research,
            education, technology transfer, intellectual property,
            manufacturing, and other core strengths of the United States
            innovation ecosystem, including at the National Science
            Foundation and the Department of Energy, should be done on a
            bipartisan basis.

    SEC. 10302. DEFINITIONS.

        In this title:
                (1) Board.--The term ``Board'' means the National Science
            Board.
                (2) Director.--The term ``Director'' means the Director of
            the National Science Foundation.
                (3) NSF includes.--The term ``NSF INCLUDES'' means the
            initiative carried out under section 10323.
                (4) STEM ecosystem.--The term ``STEM ecosystem'' means a
            local, regional, or statewide network, consortium, or multi-
            sector partnership, which may be led or co-led by a nonprofit
            organizational entity, that is operating in the United States
            with the goal of supporting participation in STEM study,
            activities, and career pathways as defined in the CoSTEM Annual
            Progress Report of 2020 with a broad range of non-Federal
            partners.

    SEC. 10303. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

        (a) Fiscal Year 2023.--
                (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to
            the Foundation $11,897,480,000 for fiscal year 2023.
                (2) Specific allocations.--Of the amount authorized under
            paragraph (1)--
                        (A) $9,050,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated
                    to carry out research and related activities, of
                    which--
                                (i) $55,000,000 is authorized to be
                            appropriated for the Mid-Scale Research
                            Infrastructure Program; and
                                (ii) $1,500,000,000 is authorized to be
                            appropriated for the Directorate for
                            Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships;
                        (B) $1,950,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated
                    for STEM education, of which--
                                (i) $73,700,000 is authorized to be
                            appropriated for the Robert Noyce Teacher
                            Scholarship Program;
                                (ii) $59,500,000 is authorized to be
                            appropriated for the NSF Research Traineeship
                            Program;
                                (iii) $416,300,000 is authorized to be
                            appropriated for the Graduate Research
                            Fellowship Program;
                                (iv) $70,000,000 is authorized to be
                            appropriated for the Cybercorps Scholarship for
                            Service Program; and
                                (v) $350,000,000 is authorized to be
                            appropriated for fellowships, traineeships, and
                            scholarships described in section 10393;
                        (C) $249,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated
                    for major research equipment and facilities
                    construction, of which $76,250,000 is authorized to be
                    appropriated for the Mid-Scale Research Infrastructure
                    Program;
                        (D) $620,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated
                    for agency operations and award management;
                        (E) $5,090,000 is authorized to be appropriated for
                    the Office of the National Science Board; and
                        (F) $23,390,000 is authorized to be appropriated
                    for the Office of the Inspector General.
        (b) Fiscal Year 2024.--
                (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to
            the Foundation $15,646,930,000 for fiscal year 2024.
                (2) Specific allocations.--Of the amount authorized under
            paragraph (1)--
                        (A) $12,050,000,000 is authorized to be
                    appropriated to carry out research and related
                    activities, of which--
                                (i) $60,000,000 is authorized to be
                            appropriated for the Mid-Scale Research
                            Infrastructure Program; and
                                (ii) $3,350,000,000 is authorized to be
                            appropriated for the Directorate for
                            Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships;
                        (B) $2,500,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated
                    for STEM education, of which--
                                (i) $80,400,000 is authorized to be
                            appropriated for the Robert Noyce Teacher
                            Scholarship Program;
                                (ii) $64,910,000 is authorized to be
                            appropriated for the NSF Research Traineeship
                            Program;
                                (iii) $454,140,000 is authorized to be
                            appropriated for the Graduate Research
                            Fellowship Program;
                                (iv) $72,000,000 is authorized to be
                            appropriated for the Cybercorps Scholarship for
                            Service Program; and
                                (v) $800,000,000 is authorized to be
                            appropriated for fellowships, traineeships, and
                            scholarships described in section 10393;
                        (C) $355,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated
                    for major research equipment and facilities
                    construction, of which $80,000,000 is authorized to be
                    appropriated for the Mid-Scale Research Infrastructure
                    Program;
                        (D) $710,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated
                    for agency operations and award management;
                        (E) $5,320,000 is authorized to be appropriated for
                    the Office of the National Science Board; and
                        (F) $26,610,000 is authorized to be appropriated
                    for the Office of the Inspector General.
        (c) Fiscal Year 2025.--
                (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to
            the Foundation $16,706,670,000 for fiscal year 2025.
                (2) Specific allocations.--Of the amount authorized under
            paragraph (1)--
                        (A) $12,850,000,000 is authorized to be
                    appropriated to carry out research and related
                    activities, of which--
                                (i) $70,000,000 is authorized to be
                            appropriated for the Mid-Scale Research
                            Infrastructure Program; and
                                (ii) $3,550,000,000 is authorized to be
                            appropriated for the Directorate for
                            Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships;
                        (B) $2,700,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated
                    for STEM education, of which--
                                (i) $87,100,000 is authorized to be
                            appropriated for the Robert Noyce Teacher
                            Scholarship Program;
                                (ii) $70,320,000 is authorized to be
                            appropriated for the NSF Research Traineeship
                            Program;
                                (iii) $491,990,000 is authorized to be
                            appropriated for the Graduate Research
                            Fellowship Program;
                                (iv) $78,000,000 is authorized to be
                            appropriated for the Cybercorps Scholarship for
                            Service Program; and
                                (v) $900,000,000 is authorized to be
                            appropriated for fellowships, traineeships, and
                            scholarships described in section 10393;
                        (C) $370,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated
                    for major research equipment and facilities
                    construction, of which $85,000,000 is authorized to be
                    appropriated for the Mid-Scale Research Infrastructure
                    Program;
                        (D) $750,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated
                    for agency operations and award management;
                        (E) $5,560,000 is authorized to be appropriated for
                    the Office of the National Science Board; and
                        (F) $31,110,000 is authorized to be appropriated
                    for the Office of the Inspector General.
        (d) Fiscal Year 2026.--
                (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to
            the Foundation $17,832,420,000 for fiscal year 2026.
                (2) Specific allocations.--Of the amount authorized under
            paragraph (1)--
                        (A) $13,800,000,000 is authorized to be
                    appropriated to carry out research and related
                    activities, of which--
                                (i) $75,000,000 is authorized to be
                            appropriated for the Mid-Scale Research
                            Infrastructure Program; and
                                (ii) $3,800,000,000 is authorized to be
                            appropriated for the Directorate for
                            Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships;
                        (B) $2,850,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated
                    for STEM education, of which--
                                (i) $93,800,000 is authorized to be
                            appropriated for the Robert Noyce Teacher
                            Scholarship Program;
                                (ii) $75,730,000 is authorized to be
                            appropriated for the NSF Research Traineeship
                            Program;
                                (iii) $529,830,000 is authorized to be
                            appropriated for the Graduate Research
                            Fellowship Program;
                                (iv) $84,000,000 is authorized to be
                            appropriated for the Cybercorps Scholarship for
                            Service Program; and
                                (v) $950,000,000 is authorized to be
                            appropriated for fellowships, traineeships, and
                            scholarships described in section 10393;
                        (C) $372,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated
                    for major research equipment and facilities
                    construction, of which $90,000,000 is authorized to be
                    appropriated for the Mid-Scale Research Infrastructure
                    Program;
                        (D) $770,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated
                    for agency operations and award management;
                        (E) $5,810,000 is authorized to be appropriated for
                    the Office of the National Science Board; and
                        (F) $34,610,000 is authorized to be appropriated
                    for the Office of the Inspector General.
        (e) Fiscal Year 2027.--
                (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to
            the Foundation $18,919,180,000 for fiscal year 2027.
                (2) Specific allocations.--Of the amount authorized under
            paragraph (1)--
                        (A) $14,700,000,000 is authorized to be
                    appropriated to carry out research and related
                    activities, of which--
                                (i) $80,000,000 is authorized to be
                            appropriated for the Mid-Scale Research
                            Infrastructure Program; and
                                (ii) $4,100,000,000 is authorized to be
                            appropriated for the Directorate for
                            Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships;
                        (B) $3,000,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated
                    for STEM education, of which--
                                (i) $100,500,000 is authorized to be
                            appropriated for the Robert Noyce Teacher
                            Scholarship Program;
                                (ii) $81,140,000 is authorized to be
                            appropriated for the NSF Research Traineeship
                            Program;
                                (iii) $567,680,000 is authorized to be
                            appropriated for the Graduate Research
                            Fellowship Program;
                                (iv) $90,000,000 is authorized to be
                            appropriated for the Cybercorps Scholarship for
                            Service Program; and
                                (v) $1,000,000,000 is authorized to be
                            appropriated for fellowships, traineeships, and
                            scholarships described in section 10393;
                        (C) $375,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated
                    for major research equipment and facilities
                    construction, of which $100,000,000 is authorized to be
                    appropriated for the Mid-Scale Research Infrastructure
                    Program;
                        (D) $800,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated
                    for agency operations and award management;
                        (E) $6,070,000 is authorized to be appropriated for
                    the Office of the National Science Board; and
                        (F) $38,110,000 is authorized to be appropriated
                    for the Office of the Inspector General.

                           Subtitle B--STEM Education

    SEC. 10311. PREK-12 STEM EDUCATION.

        (a) National Academies Study.--Not later than 120 days after the
    date of enactment of this Act, the Director shall enter into an
    agreement with the National Academies to conduct a study to--
                (1) review the research literature and identify research
            gaps regarding the interconnected factors that foster and
            hinder successful implementation of promising, evidence-based
            PreK-12 STEM education innovations at the local, regional, and
            national level;
                (2) present a compendium of promising, evidence-based PreK-
            12 STEM education practices, models, programs, and
            technologies;
                (3) identify barriers to widespread and sustained
            implementation of such innovations; and
                (4) make recommendations to the Foundation, the Department
            of Education, the National Science and Technology Council's
            Committee on Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics
            Education, State and local educational agencies, and other
            relevant stakeholders on measures to address such barriers.
        (b) Supporting PreK-12 Informal STEM Opportunities.--Section 3 of
    the STEM Education Act of 2015 (42 U.S.C. 1862q) is amended by adding
    at the end the following:
        ``(c) PreK-12 Informal STEM.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Director of the National Science
            Foundation shall make awards, through existing programs where
            appropriate to institutions of higher education and nonprofit
            organizations (or consortia of such intuitions or
            organizations) on a merit-reviewed, competitive basis for
            research on effective approaches to engaging students in PreK-
            12, including students from groups historically
            underrepresented in STEM and rural students.
                ``(2) Purposes.--The purposes of this subsection are to--
                        ``(A) provide effective, compelling, and engaging
                    means for teaching and reinforcing fundamental STEM
                    concepts to PreK-12 students;
                        ``(B) expand the STEM workforce pipeline by
                    increasing the number of youth in the United States
                    exposed to STEM from an early age and encourage them to
                    pursue careers in STEM-related fields; and
                        ``(C) broaden participation of groups historically
                    underrepresented in STEM and rural students, in the
                    STEM workforce.
                ``(3) Use of funds.--
                        ``(A) In general.--Awards made under this
                    subsection shall support research and development on
                    innovative before-school, after-school, out-of-school,
                    or summer activities that are designed to encourage
                    interest, engagement, and skills development in STEM,
                    including for students from groups historically
                    underrepresented in STEM and rural students.
                        ``(B) Permitted activities.--The research and
                    development activities described in subparagraph (A)
                    may include--
                                ``(i) the provision of programming
                            described in such subparagraph for the purpose
                            of research described in such subparagraph;
                                ``(ii) the use of a variety of engagement
                            methods, including cooperative and hands-on
                            learning;
                                ``(iii) exposure of students to role models
                            in the fields of STEM and near-peer mentors;
                                ``(iv) training of informal learning
                            educators, youth-serving professionals, and
                            volunteers who lead informal STEM programs in
                            using evidence-based methods consistent with
                            the target student population being served;
                                ``(v) education of students on the
                            relevance and significance of STEM careers,
                            provision of academic advice and assistance,
                            and activities designed to help students make
                            real-world connections to STEM content;
                                ``(vi) the preparation of students to
                            attend events, competitions, and academic
                            programs that provide content expertise and
                            encourage career exposure in STEM, which may
                            include the purchase of parts and supplies
                            needed to prepare for participation in such
                            competitions;
                                ``(vii) activities designed to engage
                            parents and families of students in PreK-12 in
                            STEM;
                                ``(viii) innovative strategies to engage
                            students, such as using leadership skills and
                            outcome measures to impart youth with the
                            confidence to pursue STEM coursework and
                            academic study;
                                ``(ix) coordination with STEM-rich
                            environments, including other nonprofit,
                            nongovernmental organizations, out-of-
                            classroom settings, institutions of higher
                            education, vocational facilities, corporations,
                            museums, or science centers; and
                                ``(x) the acquisition of instructional
                            materials or technology-based tools to conduct
                            applicable award activity.
                ``(4) Application.--An applicant seeking funding under this
            subsection shall submit an application at such time, in such
            manner, and containing such information as may be required by
            the Director. Applications that include or partner with a
            nonprofit, nongovernmental organization that has extensive
            experience and expertise in increasing the participation of
            students in PreK-12 in STEM are encouraged. At a minimum, the
            application shall include the following:
                        ``(A) A description of the target audience to be
                    served by the research activity or activities for which
                    such funding is sought.
                        ``(B) A description of the process for recruitment
                    and selection of students to participate in such
                    activities.
                        ``(C) A description of how such activity or
                    activities may inform programming that engages students
                    in PreK-12 in STEM.
                        ``(D) A description of how such activity or
                    activities may inform programming that promotes student
                    academic achievement in STEM.
                        ``(E) An evaluation plan that includes, at a
                    minimum, the use of outcome-oriented measures to
                    determine the impact and efficacy of programming being
                    researched.
                ``(5) Evaluations.--Each recipient of an award under this
            subsection shall provide, at the conclusion of every year
            during which the award funds are received, a report in a form
            prescribed by the Director.
                ``(6) Encourage applications.--In making awards under this
            subsection, the Director shall encourage applications which,
            for the purpose of the activity or activities funded through
            the award, are from or include eligible nonprofit programs
            serving students that attend elementary schools or secondary
            schools (including high schools) that--
                        ``(A) are implementing comprehensive support and
                    improvement activities or targeted support and
                    improvement activities under paragraph (1) or (2) of
                    section 1111(d) of the Elementary and Secondary
                    Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 6311(d)); or
                        ``(B) serve high percentages of students who are
                    eligible for a free or reduced-price lunch under the
                    Richard B. Russell National School Lunch Act (42 U.S.C.
                    1751 et seq.) (which, in the case of a high school, may
                    be calculated using comparable data from the schools
                    that feed into the high school).
                ``(7) Accountability and dissemination.--
                        ``(A) Evaluation required.--The Director shall
                    evaluate the activities established under this
                    subsection. Such evaluation shall--
                                ``(i) use a common set of benchmarks and
                            tools to assess the results of research
                            conducted under such awards; and
                                ``(ii) to the extent practicable, integrate
                            the findings of the research resulting from the
                            activity or activities funded through the award
                            with the current research on serving students
                            with respect to the pursuit of degrees or
                            careers in STEM, including underrepresented and
                            rural students, in PreK-12.
                        ``(B) Report on evaluations.--Not later than 180
                    days after the completion of the evaluation under
                    subparagraph (A), the Director shall submit to Congress
                    and make widely available to the public a report that
                    includes--
                                ``(i) the results of the evaluation; and
                                ``(ii) any recommendations for
                            administrative and legislative action that
                            could optimize the effectiveness of the program
                            under this subsection.
                ``(8) Coordination.--In carrying out this subsection, the
            Director shall, for purposes of enhancing program effectiveness
            and avoiding duplication of activities, consult, and coordinate
            with other relevant Federal agencies.''.
        (c) [Log 907 S2522] National STEM Teacher Corps Pilot.--
                (1) Purpose.--It is the purpose of this subsection to
            elevate the profession of STEM teaching by establishing a
            National STEM Teacher Corps pilot program to recognize
            outstanding STEM teachers in our Nation's classrooms, rewards
            them for their accomplishments, elevates their public profile,
            and creates rewarding career paths to which all STEM teachers
            can aspire, both to prepare future STEM researchers and to
            create a scientifically literate public.
                (2) Definitions.--In this subsection:
                        (A) Administrator.--The term ``Administrator''
                    means the Administrator of the National STEM Teacher
                    Corps.
                        (B) Eligible entity.--The term ``eligible entity''
                    means--
                                (i) an institution of higher education; or
                                (ii) a consortium consisting of an
                            institution of higher education and one or more
                            of the following:
                                        (I) A State educational agency (as
                                    defined in section 8101 of the
                                    Elementary and Secondary Education Act
                                    of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7801)).
                                        (II) A local educational agency (as
                                    defined in section 8101 of the
                                    Elementary and Secondary Education Act
                                    of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7801)).
                                        (III) An education nonprofit
                                    Association.
                                        (IV) A cross sector STEM
                                    organization.
                                        (V) A private entity, including a
                                    STEM-related business.
                        (C) High-need school.--The term ``high-need
                    school'' has the meaning given the term in section
                    2211(b) of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act
                    of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 6631(b)).
                        (D) Professional development.--The term
                    ``professional Development'' has the meaning given the
                    term in section 8101 of the Elementary and Secondary
                    Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7801).
                        (E) Corps alliance.--The term ``Corps Alliance''
                    means a regionally or topically based award under this
                    subsection.
                        (F) National stem teacher corps advisory board.--
                    The term ``National STEM Teacher Corps Advisory Board''
                    means the Advisory Board for the National STEM Teacher
                    Corps established under paragraph (5).
                (3) Establishment of national stem teacher corps.--The
            Director may, subject to the availability of appropriations,
            establish within the Foundation, a National STEM Teacher Corps
            10-year pilot program to be administered by the Administrator,
            who shall be appointed by the Director. As appropriate, the
            Director may use existing NSF programs to establish and execute
            this program.
                (4) Duties of the administrator.--The Administrator shall--
                        (A) create a process and standards for selection of
                    eligible applicants to become members of the National
                    STEM Teacher Corps, including--
                                (i) uniform selection criteria that
                            includes--
                                        (I) deep knowledge of STEM content
                                    and pedagogy;
                                        (II) a passion for STEM subjects
                                    and dedication to teaching, evidence of
                                    leadership skills, and potential for
                                    continued career growth as an educator;
                                    and
                                        (III) demonstrated experience
                                    increasing STEM student achievement and
                                    STEM participation rates for all
                                    students, particularly those from rural
                                    and high-need schools; and
                                (ii) a uniform selection process, including
                            a comprehensive application that includes
                            recommendations and other relevant professional
                            information;
                        (B) promote the National STEM Teacher Corps and
                    elevate best practices that emerge from the National
                    STEM Teacher Corps to a national audience;
                        (C) evaluate the operation and effectiveness of the
                    Corps alliances; and
                        (D) evaluate the overall and long-term impact of
                    the National STEM Teacher Corps by--
                                (i) documenting, monitoring, and assessing
                            the program outcomes or impact on the STEM
                            careers of participants; and
                                (ii) documenting, monitoring, and assessing
                            the program outcomes for the STEM education
                            profession nationwide, particularly for rural
                            and high-need schools.
                (5) National stem teacher corps advisory board.--
                        (A) Establishment.--There is established a National
                    STEM Teacher Corps Advisory Board to advise the
                    Director on matters pertaining to the National STEM
                    Teacher Corps for the length of the pilot program.
                        (B) Composition.--
                                (i) In general.--The membership of the
                            National STEM Teacher Corps Advisory Board
                            shall--
                                        (I) be appointed by the Director;
                                        (II) include a representative from
                                    each of the following: School leaders,
                                    STEM researchers, STEM education
                                    researchers, Business leaders, PreK-12
                                    STEM educators, and Students pursuing a
                                    postsecondary STEM degree; and
                                        (III) be geographically diverse.
                                (ii) Existing committee.--The Director may
                            assign the duties of the National STEM Teacher
                            Corps Advisory Board to another advisory
                            committee of the Foundation.
                (6) Duties of the corps alliances.--Subject to the
            availability of appropriated funds, the Administrator may make
            awards on a competitive, merit-review basis, to establish Corps
            alliances at eligible entities. Activities carried out by such
            alliances shall include--
                        (A) engaging local partners, which may include
                    local educational agencies, institutions of higher
                    education, STEM organizations, or education nonprofit
                    organizations, to--
                                (i) develop and serve the community of
                            National STEM Teacher Corps members within the
                            region or topic area, in coordination with
                            local partners to carry out day-to-day
                            activities;
                                (ii) coordinate professional development
                            activities, including activities led by
                            National STEM Teacher Corps members;
                                (iii) connect National STEM Teacher Corps
                            members with existing educator professional
                            development programs and coordinate members'
                            involvement as cooperating teachers or mentors;
                                (iv) seek opportunities to involve teachers
                            who are not members of the National STEM
                            Teacher Corps to participate in National STEM
                            Teacher Corps activities; and
                                (v) build partnerships with existing
                            education organizations and other efforts by
                            State educational agencies and local
                            educational agencies that operate programs
                            relevant to the National STEM Teacher Corps and
                            its activities;
                        (B) recruiting eligible applicants, with a focus on
                    recruiting diverse STEM educators to advance equity
                    based on race, ethnicity, sex, socioeconomic status,
                    age, disability status, geography, and language
                    ability;
                        (C) screening, interviewing, and selecting members
                    of the National STEM Teacher Corps using procedures and
                    standards provided by the Administrator;
                        (D) coordinating the online network that supports
                    all National STEM Teacher Corps members in the region
                    or topic area;
                        (E) convening occasional meetings of National STEM
                    Teacher Corps members in a region or topic area;
                        (F) creating opportunities for the professional
                    growth of National STEM Teacher Corps members, with a
                    focus on increasing STEM student achievement and STEM
                    participation rates for all students, particularly
                    those from rural and high-need schools; and
                        (G) supporting the retention and success of
                    National STEM Teacher Corps members in the region or
                    topic area.
                (7) Duties of members of the national stem teacher corps.--
            An applicant that is selected by a Corps alliance to be a
            member of the National STEM Teacher Corps shall--
                        (A) serve a 4-year term with a possibility of
                    reappointment;
                        (B) receive an annual stipend in an amount not less
                    than $10,000; and
                        (C) have substantial responsibilities, including--
                                (i) working with other members of the
                            National STEM Teacher Corps to develop and
                            improve innovative teaching practices,
                            including practices such as inquiry-based
                            learning;
                                (ii) participating in professional
                            development in innovative teaching methodology
                            and mentorship; and
                                (iii) continuing to excel in teaching the
                            member's own students, with a focus on
                            advancing equity by spending additional time
                            teaching and coaching underserved students to
                            increase STEM student achievement and STEM
                            participation rates for students from rural and
                            high-need schools.
                (8) Evaluation.--The Director, acting through the
            Administrator, shall submit a report to Congress after the
            third year of the pilot program that includes--
                        (A) an assessment, drawing on the evaluations the
                    Administrator shall conduct under subparagraphs (C) and
                    (D) of paragraph (4), and other sources of information,
                    of the effectiveness of the pilot program in recruiting
                    and retaining high-quality STEM teachers in the
                    selected regions or topic areas, particularly in high-
                    need and rural schools; and
                        (B) if deemed effective, a proposal to Congress for
                    permanent implementation of the pilot program.
                (9) Sunset.--The authority to carry out this subsection
            shall terminate on the date that is 15 years after the date of
            enactment of this Act.
                (10) Authorization of appropriations.--There are authorized
            to be appropriated $60,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023
            through 2032 to carry out this subsection.

    SEC. 10312. UNDERGRADUATE STEM EDUCATION.

        (a) Research on Stem Education and Workforce Needs.--The Director
    shall make awards, on a competitive basis, to four-year institutions of
    higher education or nonprofit organizations (or consortia of such
    institutions or organizations) to support research and development
    activities to--
                (1) encourage greater collaboration and coordination
            between institutions of higher education and industry to
            enhance education, foster hands-on learn experiences, and
            improve alignment with workforce needs;
                (2) understand the current composition of the STEM
            workforce and the factors that influence growth, retention, and
            development of that workforce;
                (3) increase the size, diversity, capability, and
            flexibility of the STEM workforce; and
                (4) increase dissemination and widespread adoption of
            effective practices in undergraduate education and workforce
            development.
        (b) Advanced Technological Education Program Update.--Section 3(b)
    of the Scientific and Advanced-Technology Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C.
    1862i(b)) is amended to read as follows:
        ``(b) Centers of Scientific and Technical Education.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Director shall make awards for the
            establishment of centers of excellence, in advanced-technology
            fields, among associate-degree-granting colleges. Centers shall
            meet one or both of the following criteria:
                        ``(A) Exceptional instructional programs in
                    advanced-technology fields.
                        ``(B) Excellence in undergraduate STEM education.
                ``(2) Purposes.--The centers shall serve as national and
            regional clearinghouses and models for the benefit of both
            colleges and secondary schools, and shall provide seminars and
            programs to disseminate model curricula and model teaching
            methods and instructional materials to other associate-degree-
            granting colleges.
                ``(3) Networks.--The centers may enter into partnerships
            with other institutions of higher education, nonprofit
            organizations, and stakeholder groups, or a consortium thereof,
            to develop networks to--
                        ``(A) coordinate research, training, and education
                    activities funded by awards under subsection (a);
                        ``(B) share information and best practices; or
                        ``(C) promote collaboration between academic
                    institutions, workforce development programs, labor
                    organizations, and industry to communicate and meet
                    workforce education and training needs.''.
        (c) Innovations in STEM Education at Community Colleges.--
                (1) In general.--The Director shall make awards on a merit-
            reviewed, competitive basis to institutions of higher education
            or nonprofit organizations (or consortia of such institutions
            or organizations) to advance research on the nature of learning
            and teaching at community colleges and to improve outcomes for
            students who enter the workforce upon completion of their STEM
            degree or credential or transfer to 4-year institutions,
            including by--
                        (A) examining how to scale up successful programs
                    at community colleges that are improving student
                    outcomes in foundational STEM courses;
                        (B) supporting research on effective STEM teaching
                    practices in community college settings;
                        (C) designing and developing new STEM curricula;
                        (D) providing STEM students with hands-on training
                    and research experiences, internships, and other
                    experiential learning opportunities;
                        (E) increasing access to high quality STEM
                    education through new technologies;
                        (F) re-skilling or up-skilling incumbent workers
                    for new STEM jobs;
                        (G) building STEM career and seamless transfer
                    pathways; and
                        (H) developing novel mechanisms to identify and
                    recruit talent into STEM programs, in particular talent
                    from groups historically underrepresented in STEM.
                (2) Partnerships.--In carrying out activities under this
            subsection, the Director shall encourage applications to
            develop, enhance, or expand cooperative STEM education and
            training partnerships between institutions of higher education,
            industry, and labor organizations.
        (d) Improving Access to STEM Education at Career and Technical
    Education Institutions.--
                (1) In general.--The Director shall make awards, on a
            competitive basis, to institutions of higher education
            (including postsecondary vocational institutions) to support
            career and technical education in STEM and computer science
            related fields.
                (2) Priority.--In making awards under this subsection, the
            Director shall give priority to institutions that demonstrate
            effective strategies to recruit and provide career and
            technical education to veterans and members of the Armed Forces
            transitioning to the private sector workforce.
                (3) Career and technical education defined.--In this
            subsection, the term ``career and technical education'' has the
            meaning given that term in section 3 of the Carl D. Perkins
            Career and Technical Education Act of 2006 (20 U.S.C. 2302).
        (e) Course-based Undergraduate Research Experiences.--
                (1) In general.--The Director shall carry out a 4-year
            pilot program under which the Director shall make awards, on a
            competitive basis, to institutions of higher education and
            nonprofit organizations (or consortia of such institutions or
            organizations) to establish a total of not fewer than five
            Centers to develop and scale up successful models for providing
            undergraduate students with hands-on, course-based research
            experiences.
                (2) Use of funds.--Awards made under this paragraph shall
            be used to--
                        (A) develop, assess, and disseminate models for
                    providing undergraduate students with course-based
                    research experiences across STEM disciplines and
                    education levels;
                        (B) identify and address opportunities and
                    challenges in facilitating implementation across a
                    broad range of institution types, including
                    historically Black colleges and universities, Tribal
                    Colleges or Universities, minority serving institutions
                    and community colleges;
                        (C) identify and develop best practices to address
                    barriers for faculty, including institutional culture,
                    resources, and incentive structures;
                        (D) identify and address factors that may
                    facilitate or discourage participation by students from
                    all backgrounds;
                        (E) provide faculty with curriculum, professional
                    development, training, networking opportunities, and
                    other support to enable the development, adaptation, or
                    expansion of a course-based research experience; and
                        (F) collect data and carry out research to evaluate
                    the impacts of course- based undergraduate research
                    experiences on the STEM workforce.
                (3) Partnerships.--In making awards under this paragraph,
            the Director shall consider the extent to which the proposed
            Center will establish partnerships among multiple types of
            academic institutions, including community colleges, emerging
            research institutions, EPSCoR institutions, historically Black
            colleges and universities, Tribal Colleges or Universities, and
            minority-serving institutions, the private sector, and other
            relevant stakeholders in supporting programs and activities to
            facilitate faculty training and the widespread and sustained
            implementation of promising, evidence-based practices, models,
            programs, and curriculum.
                (4) Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date on
            which the pilot program is completed, the Director shall submit
            to Congress a report that includes--
                        (A) an assessment, that includes feedback from the
                    research community, of the effectiveness of the pilot
                    program in increasing the number, diversity, and
                    workforce readiness of STEM graduates; and
                        (B) if determined to be effective, a plan for
                    permanent implementation of the pilot program.
        (f) Advanced Technological Manufacturing Act.--
                (1) Findings and purpose.--Section 2 of the Scientific and
            Advanced-Technology Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 1862h) is amended--
                        (A) in subsection (a)--
                                (i) in paragraph (3), by striking
                            ``science, mathematics, and technology'' and
                            inserting ``science, technology, engineering,
                            and mathematics or STEM'';
                                (ii) in paragraph (4), by inserting
                            ``educated'' and before ``trained''; and
                                (iii) in paragraph (5), by striking
                            ``scientific and technical education and
                            training'' and inserting ``STEM education and
                            training''; and
                        (B) in subsection (b)--
                                (i) in paragraph (2), by striking
                            ``mathematics and science'' and inserting
                            ``STEM fields''; and
                                (ii) in paragraph (4), by striking
                            ``mathematics and science instruction'' and
                            inserting ``STEM instruction''.
                (2) Modernizing references to stem.--Section 3 of the
            Scientific and Advanced-Technology Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C.
            1862i) is amended--
                        (A) in the section heading, by striking
                    ``scientific and technical education'' and inserting
                    ``stem education'';
                        (B) in subsection (a)--
                                (i) in the subsection heading, by striking
                            ``Scientific and Technical Education'' and
                            inserting ``STEM Education'';
                                (ii) in the matter preceding paragraph
                            (1)--
                                        (I) by inserting ``and education to
                                    prepare the skilled technical workforce
                                    to meet workforce demands'' before ``,
                                    and to improve'';
                                        (II) by striking ``core education
                                    courses in science and mathematics''
                                    and inserting ``core education courses
                                    in STEM fields'';
                                        (III) by inserting ``veterans and
                                    individuals engaged in'' before ``work
                                    in the home''; and
                                        (IV) by inserting ``and on building
                                    a pathway from secondary schools to
                                    associate-degree-granting institutions,
                                    to careers that require technical
                                    training'' before ``, and shall be
                                    designed'';
                                (iii) in paragraph (1)--
                                        (I) by inserting ``and study''
                                    after ``development''; and
                                        (II) by striking ``core science and
                                    mathematics courses'' and inserting
                                    ``core STEM courses'';
                                (iv) in paragraph (2), by striking
                            ``science, mathematics, and advanced-technology
                            fields'' and inserting ``STEM and advanced-
                            technology fields'';
                                (v) in paragraph (3)(A), by inserting ``to
                            support the advanced- technology industries
                            that drive the competitiveness of the United
                            States in the global economy'' before the
                            semicolon at the end;
                                (vi) in paragraph (4), by striking
                            ``scientific and advanced- technology fields''
                            and inserting ``STEM and advanced-technology
                            fields''; and
                                (vii) in paragraph (5), by striking
                            ``advanced scientific and technical education''
                            and inserting ``advanced STEM and advanced-
                            technology'';
                        (C) in subsection (c)--
                                (i) in paragraph (1)--
                                        (I) in subparagraph (A)--
                                                (aa) in the matter
                                            preceding clause (i), by
                                            striking ``to encourage'' and
                                            all that follows through ``such
                                            means as--'' and inserting ``to
                                            encourage the development of
                                            career and educational pathways
                                            with multiple entry and exit
                                            points leading to credentials
                                            and degrees, and to assist
                                            students pursuing pathways in
                                            STEM fields to transition from
                                            associate-degree-granting
                                            colleges to bachelor- degree-
                                            granting institutions, through
                                            such means as--'';
                                                (bb) in clause (i), by
                                            striking ``to ensure'' and
                                            inserting ``to develop
                                            articulation agreements that
                                            ensure''; and
                                                (cc) in clause (ii), by
                                            striking ``courses at the
                                            bachelor-degree-granting
                                            institution'' and inserting
                                            ``the career and educational
                                            pathways supported by the
                                            articulation agreements'';
                                        (II) in subparagraph (B)--
                                                (aa) in clause (i), by
                                            inserting ``veterans and
                                            individuals engaged in'' before
                                            ``work in the home'';
                                                (bb) in clause (iii)--

                                                        (AA) by striking
                                                    ``bachelor's-degree-
                                                    granting institutions''
                                                    and inserting
                                                    ``institutions or work
                                                    sites''; and

                                                        (BB) by inserting
                                                    ``or industry
                                                    internships'' after
                                                    ``summer programs'';
                                                    and

                                                (cc) by striking the flush
                                            text following clause (iv); and
                                        (III) by striking subparagraph (C);
                                (ii) in paragraph (2)--
                                        (I) by striking ``mathematics and
                                    science programs'' and inserting ``STEM
                                    programs'';
                                        (II) by inserting ``and, as
                                    appropriate, elementary schools,''
                                    after ``with secondary schools'';
                                        (III) by striking ``mathematics and
                                    science education'' and inserting
                                    ``STEM education'';
                                        (IV) by striking ``secondary school
                                    students'' and inserting ``students at
                                    these schools'';
                                        (V) by striking ``science and
                                    advanced-technology fields'' and
                                    inserting ``STEM and advanced-
                                    technology fields''; and
                                        (VI) by striking ``agreements with
                                    local educational agencies'' and
                                    inserting ``articulation agreements or
                                    dual credit courses with local
                                    secondary schools, or other means as
                                    the Director determines appropriate,'';
                                    and
                                (iii) in paragraph (3)--
                                        (I) by striking subparagraph (B);
                                        (II) by striking ``shall--''and all
                                    that follows through ``establish a''
                                    and inserting ``shall establish a'';
                                        (III) by striking ``the fields of
                                    science, technology, engineering, and
                                    mathematics'' and inserting ``STEM
                                    fields''; and
                                        (IV) by striking ``; and'' and
                                    inserting ``, including jobs at Federal
                                    and academic laboratories.'';
                        (D) in subsection (d)(2)--
                                (i) in subparagraph (D), by striking
                            ``and'' after the semicolon;
                                (ii) in subparagraph (E), by striking the
                            period at the end and inserting a ``; and'';
                            and
                                (iii) by adding at the end the following:
                        ``(F) as appropriate, applications that apply the
                    best practices for STEM education and technical skills
                    education through distance learning or in a simulated
                    work environment, as determined by research described
                    in subsection (f); and'';
                        (E) in subsection (g), by striking the second
                    sentence;
                        (F) in subsection (h)(1)--
                                (i) in subparagraph (A), by striking
                            ``2022'' and inserting ``2026'';
                                (ii) in subparagraph (B), by striking
                            ``2022'' and inserting ``2026''; and
                                (iii) in subparagraph (C)--
                                        (I) by striking ``up to
                                    $2,500,000'' and inserting ``not less
                                    than $3,000,000''; and
                                        (II) by striking ``2022'' and
                                    inserting ``2026'';
                        (G) in subsection (i)--
                                (i) by striking paragraph (3); and
                                (ii) by redesignating paragraphs (4) and
                            (5) as paragraphs (3) and (4), respectively;
                            and
                        (H) in subsection (j)--
                                (i) by striking paragraph (1) and inserting
                            the following:
                ``(1) the term advanced-technology includes technological
            fields such as advanced manufacturing, agricultural-,
            biological- and chemical-technologies, energy and environmental
            technologies, engineering technologies, information
            technologies, micro and nano-technologies, cybersecurity
            technologies, geospatial technologies, and new, emerging
            technology areas;'';
                                (ii) in paragraph (4), by striking
                            ``separate bachelor-degree- granting
                            institutions'' and inserting ``other
                            entities'';
                                (iii) by striking paragraph (7);
                                (iv) by redesignating paragraphs (8) and
                            (9) as paragraphs (7) and (8), respectively;
                                (v) in paragraph (7), as redesignated by
                            clause (iv), by striking ``and'' after the
                            semicolon;
                                (vi) in paragraph (8), as redesignated by
                            clause (iv)--
                                        (I) by striking ``mathematics,
                                    science, engineering, or technology''
                                    and inserting ``science, technology,
                                    engineering, or mathematics''; and
                                        (II) by striking the period at the
                                    end and inserting ``; and''; and
                                (vii) by adding at the end the following:
                ``(9) the term skilled technical workforce has the meaning
            given such term in section 4(b) of the Innovations in
            Mentoring, Training, and Apprenticeships Act (42 U.S.C.
            1862p).''.
                (3) Authorization of appropriations.--Section 5 of the
            Scientific and Advanced-Technology Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C.
            1862j) is amended to read as follows:

    ``SEC. 5. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

        ``There are authorized to be appropriated to the Director for
    carrying out sections 2 through 4 $150,000,000 for each of fiscal years
    2023 through 2027.''.

    SEC. 10313. GRADUATE STEM EDUCATION.

        (a) Mentoring and Professional Development.--
                (1) Mentoring plans.--
                        (A) Update.--Section 7008(a) of the America
                    Creating Opportunities to Meaningfully Promote
                    Excellence in Technology, Education, and Science Act
                    (42 U.S.C. 1862o(a)) is amended by--
                                (i) inserting ``and graduate student''
                            after ``postdoctoral''; and
                                (ii) inserting ``The requirement may be
                            satisfied by providing such individuals with
                            access to mentors, including individuals not
                            listed on the award.'' after ``review
                            criterion.''.
                        (B) Evaluation.--Not later than 120 days after the
                    date of enactment of this Act, the Director shall enter
                    into an agreement with a qualified independent
                    organization to evaluate the effectiveness of the
                    postdoctoral mentoring plan requirement for improving
                    mentoring for Foundation-supported postdoctoral
                    researchers.
                (2) Career exploration.--
                        (A) In general.--The Director shall make awards, on
                    a competitive basis, to institutions of higher
                    education and nonprofit organizations (or consortia of
                    such institutions or organizations) to develop
                    innovative approaches for facilitating career
                    exploration of academic and nonacademic career options
                    and for providing opportunity-broadening experiences,
                    including work-integrated opportunities, for graduate
                    students and postdoctoral scholars that can then be
                    considered, adopted, or adapted by other institutions
                    and to carry out research on the impact and outcomes of
                    such activities.
                        (B) Review of proposals.--In selecting award
                    recipients under this subparagraph, the Director shall
                    consider, at a minimum--
                                (i) the extent to which the administrators
                            of the institution are committed to making the
                            proposed activity a priority; and
                                (ii) the likelihood that the institution or
                            organization will sustain or expand the
                            proposed activity effort beyond the period of
                            the award.
                (3) Development plans.--The Director shall require that
            annual project reports for awards that support graduate
            students and postdoctoral scholars include certification by the
            principal investigator that each graduate student and
            postdoctoral scholar receiving substantial support from such
            award, as determined by has developed and annually updated an
            individual development plan to map educational goals, career
            exploration, and professional development.
                (4) Professional development supplement.--The Director
            shall carry out a five-year pilot initiative to award up to
            2,500 administrative supplements of up to $2,000 to existing
            research awards annually, on a competitive basis, to support
            professional development experiences for graduate students and
            postdoctoral researchers who receive a substantial portion of
            their support under such award, as determined by the Director.
            Not more than 10 percent of supplements awarded under this
            subparagraph may be used to support professional development
            experiences for postdoctoral researchers.
                (5) Graduate education research.--The Director shall make
            awards, on a competitive basis, to institutions of higher
            education or nonprofit organizations (or consortia of such
            institutions or organizations) to support research on the
            graduate education system and outcomes of various interventions
            and policies, including--
                        (A) the effects of traineeships, fellowships,
                    internships, and teaching and research assistantships
                    on outcomes for graduate students;
                        (B) the effects of graduate education and mentoring
                    policies and procedures on degree completion, including
                    differences by--
                                (i) sex, race and ethnicity, and
                            citizenship; and
                                (ii) student debt load;
                        (C) the development and assessment of new or
                    adapted interventions, including approaches that
                    improve mentoring relationships, develop conflict
                    management skills, and promote healthy research teams;
                    and
                        (D) research, data collection, and assessment of
                    the state of graduate student mental health and
                    wellbeing, factors contributing to and consequences of
                    poor graduate student mental health, and the
                    development, adaptation, and assessment of evidence-
                    based strategies and policies to support emotional
                    wellbeing and mental health.
        (b) Graduate Research Fellowship Program Update.--
                (1) Sense of congress.--It is the sense of Congress that
            the Foundation should increase the number of new graduate
            research fellows supported annually over the next 5 years to no
            fewer than 3,000 fellows.
                (2) Program update.--Section 10 of the National Science
            Foundation Act of 1950 (42 U.S.C. 1869) is amended--
                        (A) in subsection (a), by inserting ``and as will
                    address national workforce demand in critical STEM
                    fields'' after ``throughout the United States'';
                        (B) in subsection (b), by striking ``of $12,000''
                    and inserting ``of at least $16,000''; and
                        (C) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(c) Outreach.--The Director shall ensure program outreach to
    recruit fellowship applicants from fields of study that are in areas of
    critical national need from all regions of the country, and from
    historically underrepresented populations in STEM.''.
                (3) Cybersecurity scholarships and graduate fellowships.--
            The Director shall ensure that students pursuing master's
            degrees and doctoral degrees in fields relating to
            cybersecurity are eligible to apply for scholarships and
            graduate fellowships under the Graduate Research Fellowship
            Program under section 10 of the National Science Foundation Act
            of 1950 (42 U.S.C. 1869).
        (c) Study on Graduate Student Funding.--
                (1) In general.--Not later than 120 days after the date of
            enactment of this Act, the Director shall enter into an
            agreement with a qualified independent organization to
            evaluate--
                        (A) the role of the Foundation in supporting
                    graduate student education and training through
                    fellowships, traineeships, and other funding models;
                    and
                        (B) the impact of different funding mechanisms on
                    graduate student experiences and outcomes, including
                    whether such mechanisms have differential impacts on
                    subsets of the student population.
                (2) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of
            enactment of this Act, the Director shall publish the results
            of the evaluation carried out under paragraph (1), including a
            recommendation for the appropriate balance between fellowships,
            traineeships, and other funding models.
        (d) [LOG 165 H10304(g)/S2208] AI Scholarship-for-Service.--
                (1) Definition of executive agency.--In this subsection,
            the term ``executive agency'' has the meaning given the term
            ``Executive agency'' in section 105 of title 5, United States
            Code.
                (2) AI scholarship-for-service initiative report.--Not
            later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the
            Director, in coordination with the Office of Personnel
            Management, shall submit to the Committee on Commerce, Science,
            and Transportation of the Senate, the Committee on Science,
            Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives, the
            Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs of the
            Senate, and the Committee on Oversight and Reform of the House
            of Representatives a report on the need and feasibility, and if
            appropriate, plans to implement a program to recruit and train
            the next generation of artificial intelligence professionals to
            meet the needs of Federal, State, local, and Tribal
            governments. The report shall include--
                        (A) recent statistical data on the size,
                    composition, and educational requirements of the
                    Federal AI workforce, including an assessment of
                    current and future demand for additional AI
                    professionals across the Federal Government;
                        (B) an assessment of the capacity of institutions
                    of higher education to produce graduates with degrees,
                    certifications, and relevant skills related to
                    artificial intelligence that meet the current and
                    future needs of the Federal workforce; and
                        (C) an evaluation of the need for and feasibility
                    of establishing a scholarship-for-service program to
                    recruit and train the next generation of artificial
                    intelligence professionals to meet the needs of
                    Federal, State, local, and Tribal governments,
                    including opportunities for leveraging existing
                    processes and resources for administering the Federal
                    Cyber Scholarship-for-Service Program established under
                    section 302 of the Cybersecurity Enhancement Act of
                    2014 (15 U.S.C. 7442) in standing up such a program.
                (3) Program establishment.--Upon submitting the report
            required in paragraph (2), the Director, in coordination with
            the Director of the Office of Personnel Management, the
            Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology,
            and the heads of other agencies with appropriate scientific
            knowledge, is authorized to establish a Federal artificial
            intelligence scholarship-for-service program (referred to in
            this section as the Federal AI Scholarship-for-Service Program)
            to recruit and train artificial intelligence professionals to
            lead and support the application of artificial intelligence to
            the missions of Federal, State, local, and Tribal governments.
                (4) Qualified institution of higher education.--The
            Director, in coordination with the heads of other agencies with
            appropriate scientific knowledge, shall establish criteria to
            designate qualified institutions of higher education that shall
            be eligible to participate in the Federal AI Scholarship-for-
            Service program. Such criteria shall include--
                        (A) measures of the institution's demonstrated
                    excellence in the education of students in the field of
                    artificial intelligence; and
                        (B) measures of the institution's ability to
                    attract and retain a diverse and nontraditional student
                    population in the fields of science, technology,
                    engineering, and mathematics, which may include the
                    ability to attract women, minorities, and individuals
                    with disabilities.
                (5) Program description and components.--The Federal AI
            Scholarship-for-Service Program shall--
                        (A) provide scholarships through qualified
                    institutions of higher education to students who are
                    enrolled in programs of study at institutions of higher
                    education leading to degrees or concentrations in or
                    related to the artificial intelligence field;
                        (B) provide the scholarship recipients with summer
                    internship opportunities or other meaningful temporary
                    appointments in the Federal workforce focusing on AI
                    projects or research;
                        (C) prioritize the employment placement of
                    scholarship recipients in executive agencies;
                        (D) identify opportunities to promote multi-
                    disciplinary programs of study that integrate basic or
                    advanced AI training with other fields of study,
                    including those that address the social, economic,
                    legal, and ethical implications of human interaction
                    with AI systems;
                        (E) support capacity-building education research
                    programs that will enable postsecondary educational
                    institutions to expand their ability to train the next-
                    generation AI workforce, including AI researchers and
                    practitioners;
                        (F) create courses or training programs in
                    technology ethics for students receiving scholarships;
                    and
                        (G) award fellowships to masters and doctoral
                    students who are pursuing degrees or research in
                    artificial intelligence and related fields, including
                    in the field of technology ethics.
                (6) Scholarship amounts.--Each scholarship under paragraph
            (5) shall be in an amount that covers the student's tuition and
            fees at the institution for not more than 3 years and provides
            the student with an additional stipend.
                (7) Post-award employment obligations.--Each scholarship
            recipient, as a condition of receiving a scholarship under the
            program, shall enter into an agreement under which the
            recipient agrees to work for a period equal to the length of
            the scholarship, following receipt of the student's degree, in
            the AI mission of--
                        (A) an executive agency;
                        (B) Congress, including any agency, entity, office,
                    or commission established in the legislative branch;
                        (C) an interstate agency;
                        (D) a State, local, or Tribal government, which may
                    include instruction in AI-related skill sets in a
                    public school system; or
                        (E) a State, local, or Tribal government-affiliated
                    nonprofit entity that is considered to be critical
                    infrastructure (as defined in section 1016(e) of the
                    USA Patriot Act (42 U.S.C. 5195c(e))).
                (8) Hiring authority.--
                        (A) Appointment in excepted service.--
                    Notwithstanding any provision of chapter 33 of title 5,
                    United States Code, governing appointments in the
                    competitive service, an executive agency may appoint an
                    individual who has completed the eligible degree
                    program for which a scholarship was awarded to a
                    position in the excepted service in the executive
                    agency.
                        (B) Noncompetitive conversion.--Except as provided
                    in subparagraph (D), upon fulfillment of the service
                    term, an employee appointed under subparagraph (A) may
                    be converted noncompetitively to term, career-
                    conditional, or career appointment.
                        (C) Timing of conversion.--An executive agency may
                    noncompetitively convert a term employee appointed
                    under subparagraph (B) to a career-conditional or
                    career appointment before the term appointment expires.
                        (D) Authority to decline conversion.--An executive
                    agency may decline to make the noncompetitive
                    conversion or appointment under subparagraph (B) for
                    cause.
                (9) Eligibility.--To be eligible to receive a scholarship
            under this section, an individual shall--
                        (A) be a citizen or lawful permanent resident of
                    the United States;
                        (B) demonstrate a commitment to a career in
                    advancing the field of AI;
                        (C) be--
                                (i) a full-time student in an eligible
                            degree program at a qualified institution of
                            higher education, as determined by the
                            Director;
                                (ii) a student pursuing a degree on a less
                            than full-time basis, but not less than half-
                            time basis; or
                                (iii) an AI faculty member on sabbatical to
                            advance knowledge in the field; and
                        (D) accept the terms of a scholarship under this
                    section.
                (10) Conditions of support.--
                        (A) In general.--As a condition of receiving a
                    scholarship under this section, a recipient shall agree
                    to provide the qualified institution of higher
                    education with annual verifiable documentation of post-
                    award employment and up-to-date contact information.
                        (B) Terms.--A scholarship recipient under this
                    section shall be liable to the United States as
                    provided in paragraph (12) if the individual--
                                (i) fails to maintain an acceptable level
                            of academic standing at the applicable
                            institution of higher education, as determined
                            by the Director;
                                (ii) is dismissed from the applicable
                            institution of higher education for
                            disciplinary reasons;
                                (iii) withdraws from the eligible degree
                            program before completing the program;
                                (iv) declares that the individual does not
                            intend to fulfill the post- award employment
                            obligation under this section; or
                                (v) fails to fulfill the post-award
                            employment obligation of the individual under
                            this section.
                (11) Monitoring compliance.--As a condition of
            participating in the program, a qualified institution of higher
            education shall--
                        (A) enter into an agreement with the Director to
                    monitor the compliance of scholarship recipients with
                    respect to their post-award employment obligations; and
                        (B) provide to the Director, on an annual basis,
                    the post-award employment documentation required under
                    paragraph (10) for scholarship recipients through the
                    completion of their post-award employment obligations.
                (12) Amount of repayment.--
                        (A) Less than 1 year of service.--If a circumstance
                    described in paragraph (10) occurs before the
                    completion of 1 year of a post-award employment
                    obligation under this section, the total amount of
                    scholarship awards received by the individual under
                    this section shall--
                                (i) be repaid; or
                                (ii) be treated as a loan to be repaid in
                            accordance with paragraph (13).
                        (B) 1 or more years of service.--If a circumstance
                    described in clause (iv) or (v) of paragraph (10)(B)
                    occurs after the completion of 1 or more years of a
                    post-award employment obligation under this section,
                    the total amount of scholarship awards received by the
                    individual under this section, reduced by the ratio of
                    the number of years of service completed divided by the
                    number of years of service required, shall--
                                (i) be repaid; or
                                (ii) be treated as a loan to be repaid in
                            accordance with paragraph (13).
                (13) Repayments.--A loan described in paragraph (12)
            shall--
                        (A) be treated as a Federal Direct Unsubsidized
                    Stafford Loan under part D of title IV of the Higher
                    Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1087a et seq.); and
                        (B) be subject to repayment, together with interest
                    thereon accruing from the date of the scholarship
                    award, in accordance with terms and conditions
                    specified by the Director (in consultation with the
                    Secretary of Education).
                (14) Collection of repayment.--
                        (A) In general.--In the event that a scholarship
                    recipient is required to repay the scholarship award
                    under this section, the qualified institution of higher
                    education providing the scholarship shall--
                                (i) determine the repayment amounts and
                            notify the recipient and the Director of the
                            amounts owed; and
                                (ii) collect the repayment amounts within a
                            period of time as determined by the Director,
                            or the repayment amounts shall be treated as a
                            loan in accordance with paragraph (13).
                        (B) Returned to treasury.--Except as provided in
                    subparagraph (C), any repayment under this subsection
                    shall be returned to the Treasury of the United States.
                        (C) Retain percentage.--A qualified institution of
                    higher education may retain a percentage of any
                    repayment the institution collects under this
                    subsection to defray administrative costs associated
                    with the collection. The Director shall establish a
                    fixed percentage that will apply to all eligible
                    entities, and may update this percentage as needed, in
                    the determination of the Director.
                (15) Exceptions.--The Director may provide for the partial
            or total waiver or suspension of any service or payment
            obligation by an individual under this section whenever
            compliance by the individual with the obligation is impossible
            or would involve extreme hardship to the individual, or if
            enforcement of such obligation with respect to the individual
            would be unconscionable.
                (16) Public information.--
                        (A) Evaluation.--The Director, in coordination with
                    the Director of the Office of Personnel Management,
                    shall annually evaluate and make public, in a manner
                    that protects the personally identifiable information
                    of scholarship recipients, information on the success
                    of recruiting individuals for scholarships under this
                    section and on hiring and retaining those individuals
                    in the public sector AI workforce, including
                    information on--
                                (i) placement rates;
                                (ii) where students are placed, including
                            job titles and descriptions;
                                (iii) salary ranges for students not
                            released from obligations under this section;
                                (iv) how long after graduation students are
                            placed;
                                (v) how long students stay in the positions
                            they enter upon graduation;
                                (vi) how many students are released from
                            obligations; and
                                (vii) what, if any, remedial training is
                            required.
                        (B) Reports.--The Director, in coordination with
                    the Office of Personnel Management, shall submit, not
                    less frequently than once every 3 years, to the
                    Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs
                    of the Senate, the Committee on Commerce, Science, and
                    Transportation of the Senate, the Committee on Science,
                    Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives,
                    and the Committee on Oversight and Reform of the House
                    of Representatives a report, including the results of
                    the evaluation under subparagraph (A) and any recent
                    statistics regarding the size, composition, and
                    educational requirements of the Federal AI workforce.
                        (C) Resources.--The Director, in coordination with
                    the Director of the Office of Personnel Management,
                    shall provide consolidated and user-friendly online
                    resources for prospective scholarship recipients,
                    including, to the extent practicable--
                                (i) searchable, up-to-date, and accurate
                            information about participating institutions of
                            higher education and job opportunities related
                            to the AI field; and
                                (ii) a modernized description of AI
                            careers.
                (17) Refresh.--Not less than once every 2 years, the
            Director, in coordination with the Director of the Office of
            Personnel Management, shall review and update the Federal AI
            Scholarship-for-Service Program to reflect advances in
            technology.

    SEC. 10314. STEM WORKFORCE DATA.

        (a) Skilled Technical Workforce Portfolio Review.--
                (1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of
            enactment of this Act, the Director shall conduct a full
            portfolio analysis of the Foundation's skilled technical
            workforce investments across all Directorates in the areas of
            education, research, infrastructure, data collection, and
            analysis.
                (2) Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the
            review under paragraph (1) is complete, the Director shall
            submit to Congress and make widely available to the public a
            summary report of the portfolio review.
        (b) Survey Data.--
                (1) Rotating topic modules.--To meet evolving needs for
            data on the state of the science and engineering workforce, the
            Director shall assess, through coordination with other Federal
            statistical agencies and drawing on input from relevant
            stakeholders, the feasibility and benefits of incorporating
            questions or topic modules to existing National Center for
            Science and Engineering Statistics surveys that would vary from
            cycle to cycle.
                (2) New data.--Not later than 1 year after the date of
            enactment of this Act, the Director shall submit to Congress
            and the Board the results of an assessment, carried out in
            coordination with other Federal agencies and with input from
            relevant stakeholders, of the feasibility and benefits of
            incorporating new questions or topic modules to existing
            National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics surveys
            on--
                        (A) the skilled technical workforce;
                        (B) working conditions and work-life balance;
                        (C) harassment and discrimination;
                        (D) immigration and emigration; and
                        (E) any other topics at the discretion of the
                    Director.
                (3) Longitudinal design.--The Director shall continue and
            accelerate efforts to enhance the usefulness of National Center
            for Science and Engineering Statistics survey data for
            longitudinal research and analysis.
                (4) Government accountability office review.--Not later
            than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the
            Comptroller General of the United States shall submit a report
            to Congress that--
                        (A) evaluates Foundation processes for ensuring the
                    data and analysis produced by the National Center for
                    Science and Engineering Statistics meets current and
                    future needs; and
                        (B) includes such recommendations as the
                    Comptroller General determines are appropriate to
                    improve such processes.

    SEC. 10315. CYBER WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT.

        (a) In General.--The Director shall make awards on a merit-
    reviewed, competitive basis to institutions of higher education or
    nonprofit organizations (or consortia of such institutions or
    organizations) to carry out research on the cyber workforce.
        (b) Research.--In carrying out research pursuant to subsection (a),
    the Director shall support research and development activities to--
                (1) understand the current state of the cyber workforce,
            including factors that influence growth, retention, and
            development of that workforce;
                (2) examine paths to entry and re-entry into the cyber
            workforce;
                (3) understand trends of the cyber workforce, including
            demographic representation, educational and professional
            backgrounds present, competencies available, and factors that
            shape employee recruitment, development, and retention and how
            to increase the size, diversity, and capability of the cyber
            workforce;
                (4) examine and evaluate training practices, models,
            programs, and technologies; and
                (5) other closely related topics as the Director determines
            appropriate.
        (c) Requirements.--In carrying out the activities described in
    subsection (b), the Director shall--
                (1) collaborate with the National Institute of Standards
            and Technology, including the National Initiative for
            Cybersecurity Education, the Department of Homeland Security,
            the Department of Defense, the Office of Personnel Management,
            and other Federal departments and agencies, as appropriate;
                (2) align with or build on the National Initiative on
            Cybersecurity Education Cybersecurity Workforce Framework
            wherever practicable and applicable;
                (3) leverage the collective body of knowledge from existing
            cyber workforce development research and education activities;
            and
                (4) engage with other Federal departments and agencies,
            research communities, and potential users of information
            produced under this subsection.

    SEC. 10316. FEDERAL CYBER SCHOLARSHIP-FOR-SERVICE PROGRAM.

        (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
                (1) since cybersecurity risks are constant in the growing
            digital world, it is critical that the United States stay ahead
            of malicious cyber activity with a workforce that can safeguard
            our innovation, research, and work environments; and
                (2) Federal investments in the Federal Cyber Scholarship-
            for-Service Program at the National Science Foundation play a
            critical role in preparing and sustaining a strong, talented,
            and much-needed national cybersecurity workforce and should be
            strengthened.
        (b) In General.--Section 302(b)(1) of the Cybersecurity Enhancement
    Act of 2014 (15 U.S.C. 7442(b)(1)) is amended by striking the semicolon
    at the end and inserting the following ``and cybersecurity-related
    aspects of other related fields as appropriate, including artificial
    intelligence, quantum computing and aerospace;''.

    SEC. 10317. CYBERSECURITY WORKFORCE DATA INITIATIVE.

        The Director, acting through the National Center for Science and
    Engineering Statistics established in section 505 of the America
    COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 1862p) and in
    coordination with the Director of the National Institute of Standards
    and Technology and other appropriate Federal statistical agencies,
    shall establish a cybersecurity workforce data initiative that--
                (1) assesses the feasibility of providing nationally
            representative estimates and statistical information on the
            cybersecurity workforce;
                (2) utilizes the National Initiative for Cybersecurity
            Education (NICE) Cybersecurity Workforce Framework (NIST
            Special Publication 800-181), or other frameworks, as
            appropriate, to enable a consistent measurement of the
            cybersecurity workforce;
                (3) utilizes and complements existing data on employer
            requirements and unfilled positions in the cybersecurity
            workforce;
                (4) consults key stakeholders and the broader community of
            practice in cybersecurity workforce development to determine
            data requirements needed to strengthen the cybersecurity
            workforce;
                (5) evaluates existing Federal survey data for information
            pertinent to developing national estimates of the cybersecurity
            workforce;
                (6) evaluates administrative data and other supplementary
            data sources, as available, to describe and measure the
            cybersecurity workforce; and
                (7) collects statistical data, to the greatest extent
            practicable, on credential attainment and employment outcomes
            information for the cybersecurity workforce.

    SEC. 10318. MICROELECTRONICS WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES.

        (a) Creating Helpful Initiatives to Produce Personnel in Needed
    Growth Industries.--
                (1) In general.--The Director shall make awards to
            institutions of higher education, non-profit organizations, or
            consortia thereof, for research, development, and related
            activities to advance innovative approaches to developing,
            improving, and expanding evidence-based education and workforce
            development activities and learning experiences at all levels
            of education in fields and disciplines related to
            microelectronics.
                (2) Purposes.--Activities carried out under this section
            shall be for the purpose of supporting the growth, retention,
            and development of a diverse and sustainable microelectronics
            workforce to meet the requirements of the programs established
            in section 9906(c)(2)(C) of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry
            National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 in
            support of the evolving needs of industry, academia,
            government, and Federal laboratories.
                (3) Uses of funds.--Awards made under this section shall be
            used to support activities, such as--
                        (A) development of industry-oriented curricula and
                    teaching modules for topics relevant to
                    microelectronics, including those that provide
                    meaningful hands-on learning experiences;
                        (B) dissemination of materials developed in
                    subparagraph (A), including through the creation and
                    maintenance of a publicly-accessible database and
                    online portal;
                        (C) development and implementation of training,
                    research, and professional development programs for
                    teachers, including innovative pre-service and in-
                    service programs, in microelectronics and related
                    fields;
                        (D) support for learning activities and experiences
                    that provide physical, simulated, or remote access to
                    training facilities and industry-standard processes and
                    tools, including equipment and software for the design,
                    development, manufacturing, and testing of
                    microelectronics;
                        (E) increasing the integration of microelectronics
                    content into STEM curricula at all education levels;
                        (F) Growing academic research capacity in
                    microelectronics by incentivizing the hiring of faculty
                    in fields critical to microelectronics;
                        (G) support for innovative industry pathway
                    programs that connect high school, vocational,
                    military, college, and graduate programs; and
                        (H) providing informal hands-on microelectronics
                    learning opportunities for PreK-12 students in
                    different learning environments, including
                    competitions.
                (4) Advanced microelectronics traineeships.--
                        (A) In general.--The Director shall make awards to
                    institutions of higher education or nonprofit
                    organizations (or consortia of such institutions and
                    organizations) to establish traineeship programs for
                    graduate students who pursue microelectronics research
                    leading to a masters or doctorate degree by providing
                    funding and other assistance, and by providing graduate
                    students with opportunities for research experiences in
                    government or industry related to the students'
                    microelectronics studies.
                        (B) Use of funds.--Institutions of higher education
                    or non-profit organizations (or consortia of such
                    institutions and organizations) shall use award funds
                    provided under subparagraph (A) for the purposes of--
                                (i) paying tuition and fees, and providing
                            stipends, for students receiving traineeships
                            who are citizens, nationals, or aliens lawfully
                            admitted for permanent residence;
                                (ii) facilitating opportunities for
                            scientific internship programs for students
                            receiving traineeships in microelectronics at
                            private industry, nonprofit research
                            institutions, or Federal laboratories; and
                                (iii) such other costs associated with the
                            administration of the program.
                (5) Microelectronics skilled technical workforce
            programs.--The Director shall make awards under the Scientific
            and Advanced-Technology Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 1862h-j) to
            support programs for skilled technical workers in STEM
            disciplines that are aligned with skilled workforce needs of
            the microelectronics industry and lead to an associate's
            degree, or equivalent certification, by providing funding and
            other assistance, including opportunities for internships and
            other hands-on experiences in industry related to the students'
            microelectronics studies.
                (6) Microelectronics research experiences through existing
            programs.--The Director shall seek to increase opportunities
            for microelectronics research for students and trainees at all
            levels by encouraging proposals in microelectronics through
            existing programs including--
                        (A) research experiences for undergraduates
                    pursuant to section 514 of the America COMPETES
                    Reauthorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 1862p-6);
                        (B) postdoctoral fellowship programs established
                    pursuant to section 522 of the America COMPETES Act of
                    2010 (42 U.S.C. 1862p-11);
                        (C) graduate fellowships established pursuant to
                    section 10 of the National Science Foundation Act of
                    1950 (42 U.S.C. 1869);
                        (D) informal STEM education programs established
                    pursuant to section 3 of the STEM Education Act of 2015
                    (42 U.S.C. 1862q);
                        (E) the Robert Noyce Teacher Scholarship Program
                    established pursuant to section 10 of the National
                    Science Foundation Authorization Act of 2002 (42 U.S.C.
                    1862n-1);
                        (F) major research instrumentation programs
                    established pursuant to section 7036 of the America
                    COMPETES Act (42 U.S.C. 1862o-14); and
                        (G) low-income scholarship program established
                    pursuant to section 414(d) of the American
                    Competitiveness and Workforce Improvement Act of 1998
                    (42 U.S.C. 1869c).
                (7) Industry partnerships.--In carrying out the activities
            under this section, the Director shall encourage awardees to
            partner with industry and other private sector organizations to
            facilitate the expansion of workforce pipelines and enable
            access to industry-standard equipment and software for use in
            undergraduate and graduate microelectronics education programs.
                (8) Interagency coordination.--In carrying out activities
            under this section, the Director shall collaborate with the
            Subcommittee on Microelectronics Leadership of the National
            Science and Technology Council, established in subsection (a)
            of section 9906 of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National
            Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 and the National
            Semiconductor Technology Center established in subsection (c)
            of section 9906 of such Act, and other relevant Federal
            agencies to maintain the effectiveness of microelectronics
            workforce development activities across the agencies.
        (b) National Network for Microelectronics Education.--
                (1) In general.--The Director, in coordination with the
            Secretary of Commerce, shall on a competitive, merit-reviewed
            basis, make awards to institutions of higher education and non-
            profit organizations (or consortia of such institutions and
            organizations) to establish partnerships to enhance and broaden
            participation in microelectronics education.
                (2) Activities.--Awards made under this subsection shall be
            used for the following:
                        (A) To conduct training and education activities
                    funded by awards under paragraph (1) and in
                    coordination with the Network Coordination Hub
                    established in paragraph (3), including curricula
                    design, development, dissemination, and assessment, and
                    the sharing of information and best practices across
                    the network of awardees.
                        (B) To develop regional partnerships among
                    associate-degree-granting colleges, bachelor-degree-
                    granting institutions, workforce development programs,
                    labor organizations, and industry to create a diverse
                    national technical workforce trained in
                    microelectronics and ensure education and training is
                    meeting the evolving needs of industry.
                        (C) To develop local workforce pipelines that align
                    with capacity investments made by industry and the
                    Federal government, including vocational and high
                    school training programs, community college degrees and
                    certificates, veteran post service opportunities, and
                    mentoring.
                        (D) To facilitate partnerships with employers,
                    employer consortia or other private sector
                    organizations that offer apprenticeships, internships,
                    or applied learning experiences in the field of
                    microelectronics.
                        (E) To develop shared infrastructure available to
                    institutions of higher education, two-year colleges,
                    and private organizations to enable experiential
                    learning activities and provide physical or digital
                    access to training facilities and industry-standard
                    tools and processes.
                        (F) To create and disseminate public outreach to
                    support awareness of microelectronics education and
                    career opportunities, including through outreach to
                    PreK-12 schools and STEM-related organizations.
                        (G) To collaborate and coordinate with industry and
                    existing public and private organizations conducting
                    microelectronics education and workforce development
                    activities, as practicable.
                (3) Network coordination hub.--The Director shall make an
            award on a competitive, merit-reviewed basis to an institution
            of higher education or nonprofit organization (or a consortium
            thereof) to establish a national network of partnerships
            (referred to in this section as the ``National Network for
            Microelectronics Education'') to coordinate activities, best
            practice sharing, and access to facilities across the
            partnerships established in accordance with paragraph (1).
                (4) Incentivizing participation.--To the extent
            practicable, the Director shall encourage participation in the
            National Network for Microelectronics Education through the
            coordination of activities and distribution of awards described
            in subsection (a).
                (5) Partnerships.--The Director shall encourage the
            submission of proposals that are led by historically Black
            colleges and universities, Tribal Colleges or Universities, and
            minority-serving institutions or that include partnerships with
            or among such institutions to increase the recruitment of
            students from groups historically underrepresented in STEM to
            pursue graduate studies in microelectronics.
                (6) Outreach.--In addition to any other requirements as
            determined appropriate by the Director, the Director shall
            require that proposals for awards under this section shall
            include a description of how the applicant will develop and
            implement outreach activities to increase the participation of
            women and other students from groups historically
            underrepresented in STEM.
                (7) Coordination across foundation programs.--In carrying
            out the activities under this section, the Director shall
            ensure awardees coordinate with, and avoid unnecessary
            duplication of, the activities carried out under this Section
            with the activities of the 21st Century Nanotechnology Research
            and Development Act (Public Law 108-153), the National Quantum
            Initiative Act (Public Law 115-368), and Division E of the
            William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act
            for Fiscal Year 2021, and other related programs, as
            appropriate.
                (8) Interagency coordination.--In carrying out activities
            under this section, the Director shall collaborate with the
            Subcommittee on Microelectronics Leadership of the National
            Science and Technology Council, established in subsection (a)
            of section 9906 of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National
            Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 and the National
            Semiconductor Technology Center established in subsection (c)
            of section 9906 of such Act.

    SEC. 10319. INCORPORATION OF ART AND DESIGN INTO CERTAIN STEM
                  EDUCATION.

        (a) National Science Foundation Authorization Act.--Section 9(a) of
    the National Science Foundation Authorization Act of 2002 (42 U.S.C.
    1862n(a)) is amended in paragraph (3)--
                (1) in subparagraph (M), by striking ``and'' at the end;
                (2) by redesignating subparagraph (N) as subparagraph (O);
            and
                (3) after subparagraph (M), by inserting the following new
            subparagraph:
                        ``(N) developing science, technology, engineering,
                    and mathematics educational curriculum that
                    incorporates art and design to promote creativity and
                    innovation; and''.
        (b) STEM Education Act [Log 169 H10304(k)].--Section 3 of the STEM
    Education Act of 2015 (42 U.S.C. 1862q) is amended--
                (1) in subsection (a)--
                        (A) in paragraph (2), by striking ``and'' at the
                    end;
                        (B) in paragraph (3), by striking the period and
                    inserting ``; and''; and
                        (C) by adding at the end the following:
                ``(4) the integration of art and design in STEM educational
            programs.''; and
                (2) in subsection (b)--
                        (A) in paragraph (3), by striking ``and'' at the
                    end;
                        (B) in paragraph (4), by striking the period and
                    inserting ``; and''; and
                        (C) by adding at the end the following:
                ``(5) design and testing of programming that integrates art
            and design in STEM education to promote creativity and
            innovation.''.

    SEC. 10320. MANDATORY COST-SHARING.

        (a) Waiver.--The cost-sharing requirements under section 7036(c) of
    the America Creating Opportunities to Meaningfully Promote Excellence
    in Technology, Education, and Science Act (42 U.S.C. 1862o-14(c)) for
    the Major Research Instrumentation Program and under section 10A(i) of
    the National Science Foundation Authorization Act of 2002 (42 U.S.C.
    1862n-1a(i)) for teaching fellowships administered within the Robert
    Noyce Teacher Scholarship Program are waived for a period of 5 years
    following the date of enactment of this Act.
        (b) Assessment.--Not later than 5 years following the date of
    enactment of this Act, the Director shall submit to Congress an
    assessment, that includes feedback from the research community, of the
    impacts of the waivers provided under subsection (a), including--
                (1) programmatic and scientific goals;
                (2) institutional commitment and stewardship of Federal
            resources;
                (3) institutional strategic planning and administrative
            burden;
                (4) equity among recipient institutions; and
                (5) recommendations for or against extending or making
            permanent such waivers.

    SEC. 10321. PROGRAMS TO ADDRESS THE STEM WORKFORCE.

        (a) In General.--The Director shall issue undergraduate
    scholarships, including at community colleges, graduate fellowships and
    traineeships, postdoctoral awards, and, as appropriate, other awards,
    to address STEM workforce gaps, including for programs that recruit,
    retain, and advance students to a bachelor's degree in a STEM
    discipline concurrent with a secondary school diploma, such as through
    existing and new partnerships with State educational agencies.
        (b) Postdoctoral Professional Development.--In carrying out this
    section, the Director shall encourage innovation in postdoctoral
    professional development, support the development and diversity of the
    STEM workforce, and study the impacts of such innovation and support.
    To do so, the Director may use postdoctoral awards established under
    subsection (a) or leveraged under subsection (d)(1) for fellowships or
    other temporary rotational postings of not more than 2 years. Such
    fellowships or temporary rotational postings shall be awarded--
                (1) to qualified individuals who have a doctoral degree and
            received such degree not earlier than 5 years before the date
            that the fellowship or temporary rotational posting begins; and
                (2) to carry out research at Federal, State, local, and
            Tribal government research facilities.
        (c) Direct Hire Authority.--
                (1) In general.--The head of any Federal agency may
            appoint, without regard to the provisions of subchapter I of
            chapter 33 of title 5, United States Code, other than sections
            3303 and 3328 of that title, a qualified candidate described in
            paragraph (2) directly to a position in the competitive service
            with the Federal agency for which the candidate meets Office of
            Personnel Management qualification standards.
                (2) Fellowship or temporary rotational posting.--Paragraph
            (1) applies with respect to a former recipient of an award
            under this subsection who--
                        (A) earned a doctoral degree in a STEM field from
                    an institution of higher education; and
                        (B) successfully fulfilled the requirements of the
                    fellowship or temporary rotational posting within a
                    Federal agency.
                (3) Limitation.--The direct hire authority under this
            subsection shall be exercised with respect to a specific
            qualified candidate not later than 2 years after the date that
            the candidate completed the requirements related to the
            fellowship or temporary rotational posting described under this
            subsection.
        (d) Existing Programs.--In carrying out this section, the Director
    may leverage existing programs, including programs that issue--
                (1) postdoctoral awards;
                (2) graduate fellowships and traineeships, inclusive of the
            NSF Research Traineeships and fellowships awarded under the
            Graduate Research Fellowship Program;
                (3) scholarships, research experiences, and internships,
            including--
                        (A) scholarships to attend community colleges; and
                        (B) research experiences and internships under
                    sections 513, 514, and 515 of the America COMPETES
                    Reauthorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 1862p-5; 1862p-
                    6; 42 U.S.C. 1862p-7); and
                (4) awards to institutions of higher education to enable
            the institutions to fund innovation in undergraduate and
            graduate education, increased educational capacity, and the
            development and establishment of new or specialized programs of
            study for graduate, undergraduate, or technical college
            students, and the evaluation of the effectiveness of the
            programs of study.

                      Subtitle C--Broadening Participation

    SEC. 10321. PRESIDENTIAL AWARDS FOR EXCELLENCE IN MATHEMATICS AND
                  SCIENCE.

        (a) In General.--Section 117(a) of the National Science Foundation
    Authorization Act of 1988 (42 U.S.C. 1881b(a)) is amended--
                (1) in subparagraph (B)--
                        (A) by striking ``108'' and inserting ``110'';
                        (B) by striking clause (iv);
                        (C) in clause (v), by striking the period at the
                    end and inserting ``; and'';
                        (D) by redesignating clauses (i), (ii), (iii), and
                    (v) as subclauses (I), (II), (III), and (IV),
                    respectively, and moving the margins of such subclauses
                    (as so redesignated) two ems to the right; and
                        (E) by striking ``In selecting teachers'' and all
                    that follows through ``two teachers--'' and inserting
                    the following:
                        ``(C) In selecting teachers for an award authorized
                    by this subsection, the President shall select--
                                ``(i) at least two teachers--''; and
                (2) in subparagraph (C), as so designated by paragraph
            (1)(E) of this subsection, by adding at the end the following:
                                ``(ii) at least one teacher--
                                        ``(I) from the Commonwealth of the
                                    Northern Mariana Islands;
                                        ``(II) from American Samoa;
                                        ``(III) from the Virgin Islands of
                                    the United States; and
                                        ``(IV) from Guam.''.
        (b) Effective Date.--The amendments made by subsection (a) shall
    apply with respect to awards made on or after the date of the enactment
    of this Act.

    SEC. 10322. ROBERT NOYCE TEACHER SCHOLARSHIP PROGRAM UPDATE.

        (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that over the
    next five years the Foundation should increase the number of
    scholarships awarded under the Robert Noyce Teacher Scholarship program
    established under section 10 of the National Science Foundation
    Authorization Act of 2002 (42 U.S.C. 1862n-1) by 50 percent.
        (b) Outreach.--To increase the diversity of participants, the
    Director shall support symposia, forums, conferences, and other
    activities to expand and enhance outreach to--
                (1) historically Black colleges and universities;
                (2) Tribal Colleges or Universities;
                (3) minority-serving institutions;
                (4) institutions of higher education that are located near
            or serve rural communities, including EPSCoR institutions;
                (5) labor organizations;
                (6) emerging research institutions; and
                (7) higher education programs that serve or support
            veterans.

    SEC. 10323. NSF EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON INCLUDES INITIATIVE.

        (a) In General.--The Director shall make awards, on a competitive
    basis, to institutions of higher education or non-profit organizations
    (or consortia of such institutions or organizations) to carry out a
    comprehensive national initiative to facilitate the development of
    networks and partnerships to build on and scale up effective practices
    in broadening participation in STEM studies and careers of groups
    historically underrepresented in such studies and careers.
        (b) Change of Name.--The initiative under subsection (a) shall be
    known as the ``Eddie Bernice Johnson Inclusion across the Nation of
    Communities of Learners of Underrepresented Discoverers in Engineering
    and Science Initiative'' or the ``Eddie Bernice Johnson INCLUDES
    Initiative''.

    SEC. 10324. BROADENING PARTICIPATION ON MAJOR FACILITIES AWARDS.

        The Director shall require organizations seeking a cooperative
    agreement for the management of the operations and maintenance of a
    Foundation project to demonstrate prior experience and current
    capabilities in or to have a plan for employing best practices in
    broadening participation in science and engineering and ensure
    implementation of such practices is considered in oversight of the
    award.

    SEC. 10325. EXPANDING GEOGRAPHIC AND INSTITUTIONAL DIVERSITY IN
                  RESEARCH.

        (a) Continuing Support for EPSCoR .--
                (1) Sense of congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
                        (A) because maintaining the Nation's scientific and
                    economic leadership requires the participation of
                    talented individuals nationwide, EPSCoR investments
                    into State research and education capacities are in the
                    Federal interest and should be sustained;
                        (B) EPSCoR should maintain its experimental
                    component by supporting innovative methods for
                    improving research capacity and competitiveness; and
                        (C) the Director should carry out this subsection
                    while maintaining or increasing proposal success rates
                    at emerging research institutions throughout the United
                    States and without precluding access to awards for such
                    institutions.
                (2) Update of epscor.--Section 517(f)(2) of the America
            COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 1862p-9(f)(2))
            is amended--
                        (A) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``and'' at the
                    end; and
                        (B) by adding at the end the following:
                        ``(C) to increase the capacity of rural communities
                    to provide quality STEM education and STEM workforce
                    development programming to students, and teachers;
                    and''.
                (3) Geographic diversity and inclusion.--
                        (A) In general.--To the maximum extent practicable,
                    not less than--
                                (i) 15.5 percent in fiscal year 2023,
                                (ii) 16 percent in fiscal year 2024,
                                (iii) 16.5 percent in fiscal year 2025,
                                (iv) 17 percent in fiscal year 2026,
                                (v) 18 percent in fiscal year 2027,
                                (vi) 19 percent in fiscal year 2028, and
                                (vii) 20 percent in fiscal year 2029,
                    of the amounts appropriated to the Foundation for
                    research and related activities, and science,
                    mathematics, and engineering education and human
                    resources programs and activities, excluding those
                    amounts made available for polar research and
                    operations support (and operations and maintenance of
                    research facilities), shall be awarded to EPSCoR
                    institutions.
                        (B) Scholarships.--To the maximum extent
                    practicable, not less than--
                                (i) 16 percent in fiscal year 2023,
                                (ii) 18 percent in fiscal year 2024, and
                                (iii) 20 percent in each of fiscal years
                            2025 through 2029,
                    of the amounts appropriated to the Foundation for
                    scholarships (including at community colleges),
                    graduate fellowships and traineeships, and postdoctoral
                    awards shall be used to support EPSCoR institutions.
                        (C) Considerations.--The Director shall consider
                    prioritizing funding and activities that enable
                    sustainable growth in the competitiveness of EPSCoR
                    jurisdictions, including--
                                (i) infrastructure investments to build
                            research capacity in EPSCoR jurisdictions;
                                (ii) scholarships, fellowships, and
                            traineeships within new and existing programs,
                            to promote the development of sustainable
                            research and academic personnel;
                                (iii) partnerships between eligible
                            organizations in EPSCoR and non-EPSCoR
                            jurisdictions, to develop administrative, grant
                            management, and proposal writing capabilities
                            in EPSCoR jurisdictions;
                                (iv) capacity building activities for
                            emerging research institutions, historically
                            Black colleges and universities, Tribal
                            Colleges or Universities, and minority serving
                            institutions, consistent with this section and
                            section 10524 of this division; and
                                (v) leveraging the Partnerships for
                            Innovation program, as well as the Foundation
                            coordination role in the Department of Commerce
                            technology and innovation hub program under
                            section 28 of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology
                            Innovation Act of 1980 as added by section
                            10621, to build sustainable innovation
                            ecosystems in EPSCoR jurisdictions.
                        (D) Merit review.--The Director shall achieve the
                    percentages specified in this paragraph to the maximum
                    extent practicable, consistent with the National
                    Science Foundation merit review process.
                        (E) Consortia.--In the case of an award to a
                    consortium, the Director may count the entire award
                    toward meeting the funding requirements of subparagraph
                    (A) if the lead entity of the consortium is located in
                    an EPSCoR institution
                        (F) Annual reporting.--Beginning with the fiscal
                    year 2023, the Director shall submit to Congress a
                    report describing--
                                (i) the Foundation's implementation of this
                            paragraph;
                                (ii) progress in building research
                            capacity, including both infrastructure and
                            personnel, in EPSCoR jurisdictions, including
                            at historically Black colleges and
                            universities, Tribal Colleges or Universities,
                            minority-serving institutions, and emerging
                            research institutions; and
                                (iii) if the Foundation does not meet the
                            requirement described in subparagraph (A), an
                            explanation relating thereto and a plan for
                            compliance in the following fiscal year and
                            remediation.
                        (G) Analysis and sustainability report.--Not later
                    than December 31, 2026, the Director shall submit to
                    Congress a report containing an analysis of the impacts
                    of the requirements under subparagraphs (A) and (B).
                    The report shall include--
                                (i) an analysis of how the requirements
                            under this paragraph affected the balance of
                            total funding awarded by the Foundation to
                            states and territories across the United
                            States;
                                (ii) an analysis of any changes in award
                            success and total funding awarded to
                            Historically black colleges and universities,
                            Tribal Colleges or Universities, minority-
                            serving institutions, and emerging research
                            institutions between the date of enactment and
                            December 31, 2026;
                                (iii) an analysis of the gains in academic
                            research capacity, quality, and competitiveness
                            and in science and technology human resource
                            development in EPSCoR jurisdictions made
                            between the enactment of this Act and December
                            31, 2026;
                                (iv) an assessment of EPSCoR eligibility
                            criteria and determination on whether new
                            eligibility criteria should be developed based
                            on the findings from clauses (i), (ii), and
                            (iii); and
                                (v) a plan to sustain and grow improvements
                            in research capacity and competitiveness in
                            EPSCoR jurisdictions.
                        (H) EPSCoR eligibility.--
                                (i) In general.--The Director shall ensure
                            eligibility for current EPSCoR jurisdictions
                            for five years from the date of enactment of
                            this Act, after which the Director shall
                            determine whether new eligibility criteria
                            should be developed based on the findings in
                            the report required under subparagraph (G).
                                (ii) Report.--Not later than December 31,
                            2028, the Director shall report to Congress
                            regarding any new eligibility criteria
                            determined under clause (i), any changes to
                            jurisdictional eligibility based on such
                            criteria, and the necessity and practicality of
                            continuing or modifying the requirement under
                            subparagraph (A) given any such changes to
                            eligibility. The report shall include an
                            analysis of options to support regions in non-
                            EPSCoR jurisdictions, adjacent to EPSCoR
                            jurisdictions, that historically receive
                            disproportionately low levels of funding from
                            the Foundation, including, if appropriate,
                            options to expand the EPSCoR program or to
                            establish new programs.
        (b) Fostering Stem Research Diversity and Capacity Program.--
                (1) In general.--The Director shall make awards on a
            competitive, merit-reviewed basis to eligible institutions to
            implement and study innovative approaches for building research
            capacity in order to engage and retain students from a range of
            institutions and diverse backgrounds in STEM.
                (2) Eligible institution defined.--In this subsection the
            term ``eligible institution'' means an institution of higher
            education that, according to the data published by the National
            Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, is not, on
            average, among the top 100 institutions in Federal research and
            development expenditures during the 3-year period prior to the
            year of the award.
                (3) Purpose.--The activities under this subsection shall be
            focused on achieving simultaneous impacts at the student,
            faculty, and institutional levels by increasing the research
            capacity at eligible institutions and the number of
            undergraduate and graduate students pursuing STEM degrees from
            eligible institutions.
                (4) Requirements.--In carrying out this program, the
            Director shall--
                        (A) require eligible institutions seeking funding
                    under this subsection to submit an application to the
                    Director at such time, in such manner, containing such
                    information and assurances as the Director may require.
                    The application shall include, at a minimum a
                    description of how the eligible institution plans to
                    sustain the proposed activities beyond the duration of
                    the award;
                        (B) require applicants to identify disciplines and
                    focus areas in which the eligible institution can
                    excel, and explain how the applicant will use the award
                    to build capacity to bolster the institutional research
                    competitiveness of eligible entities to support awards
                    made by the Foundation and increase regional and
                    national capacity in STEM;
                        (C) require the awards funded under this subsection
                    to support research and related activities, which may
                    include--
                                (i) development or expansion of research
                            programs in disciplines and focus areas in
                            subparagraph (B);
                                (ii) faculty recruitment and professional
                            development in disciplines and focus areas in
                            subparagraph (B), including for early-career
                            researchers;
                                (iii) stipends for undergraduate and
                            graduate students participating in research in
                            disciplines and focus areas in subparagraph
                            (B);
                                (iv) acquisition of instrumentation
                            necessary to build research capacity at an
                            eligible institution in disciplines and focus
                            areas in subparagraph (B);
                                (v) an assessment of capacity-building and
                            research infrastructure needs;
                                (vi) administrative research development
                            support; and
                                (vii) other activities necessary to build
                            research capacity; and
                        (D) require that no eligible institution should
                    receive more than $10,000,000 in any single year of
                    funds made available under this section.
                (5) Additional considerations.--In making awards under this
            subsection, the Director may also consider--
                        (A) the extent to which the applicant will support
                    students from diverse backgrounds, including first-
                    generation undergraduate students;
                        (B) the geographic and institutional diversity of
                    the applying institutions; and
                        (C) how the applicants can leverage public-private
                    partnerships and existing partnerships with Federal
                    Research Agencies.
                (6) Duplication.--The Director shall ensure the awards made
            under this subsection are complementary and not duplicative of
            existing programs.
                (7) Report.--The Director shall submit a report to Congress
            after the third year of the program that includes--
                        (A) an assessment of the effectiveness of the
                    program for growing the geographic and institutional
                    diversity of institutions of higher education receiving
                    research awards from the Foundation;
                        (B) an assessment of the quality, quantity, and
                    geographic and institutional diversity of institutions
                    of higher education conducting Foundation- sponsored
                    research since the establishment of the program in this
                    subsection;
                        (C) an assessment of the quantity and diversity of
                    undergraduate and graduate students graduating from
                    eligible institutions with STEM degrees; and
                        (D) statistical summary data on the program,
                    including the geographic and institutional allocation
                    of award funding, the number and diversity of supported
                    graduate and undergraduate students, and how it
                    contributes to capacity building at eligible entities.
                (8) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized
            to be appropriated to the Director $150,000,000 for each of the
            fiscal years 2023 through 2027 to carry out the activities
            under this subsection.
        (c) Partnerships With Emerging Research Institutions.--
                (1) In general.--The Director shall establish a five-year
            pilot program for awards to research partnerships that involve
            emerging research institutions and may involve institutions
            classified as very high research activity by the Carnegie
            Classification of Institutions of Higher Education at the time
            of application.
                (2) Requirements.--In carrying out this program, the
            Director shall--
                        (A) require that each proposal submitted by a
                    multi-institution collaboration for an award, including
                    those under subtitle G of this title, that exceeds
                    $1,000,000, as appropriate, specify how the applicants
                    will support substantive, meaningful, sustainable, and
                    mutually beneficial partnerships with one or more
                    emerging research institutions;
                        (B) require recipients funded under this subsection
                    to direct no less than 35 percent of the total award to
                    one or more emerging research institutions;
                        (C) require recipients funded under this subsection
                    to report on the partnership activities as part of the
                    annual reporting requirements of the Foundation; and
                        (D) solicit feedback on the partnership directly
                    from partner emerging research institutions, in such
                    form as the Director deems appropriate.
                (3) Capacity building.--Funds awarded to emerging research
            institutions under this subsection may be used to build
            research capacity, including through support for faculty
            salaries and training, field and laboratory research
            experiences for undergraduate and graduate students, and
            maintenance and repair of research equipment and
            instrumentation.
                (4) Report.--The Director shall submit a report to Congress
            after the third year of the pilot program that includes--
                        (A) an assessment, drawing on feedback from the
                    research community and other sources of information, of
                    the effectiveness of the pilot program for improving
                    the quality of partnerships with emerging research
                    institutions; and
                        (B) if deemed effective, a plan for permanent
                    implementation of the pilot program.

    SEC. 10326. DIVERSITY IN TECH RESEARCH.

        The Director shall make awards, on a competitive basis, to
    institutions of higher education or nonprofit organizations (or
    consortia of such institutions or organizations) to support basic,
    applied, and use-inspired research that yields a scientific evidence
    base for improving the design and emergence, development and
    deployment, and management and ultimate effectiveness of entities
    involved in technology research, including research related to
    diversity and inclusion in the technology sector.

    SEC. 10327. CHIEF DIVERSITY OFFICER OF THE NSF.

        (a) Chief Diversity Officer.--
                (1) Appointment.--The Director shall appoint a senior
            agency official within the Office of the Director as a Chief
            Diversity Officer.
                (2) Qualifications.--The Chief Diversity Officer shall have
            significant experience, within the Federal Government and the
            science community, with diversity- and inclusion-related
            matters, including--
                        (A) civil rights compliance;
                        (B) harassment policy, reviews, and investigations;
                        (C) equal employment opportunity; and
                        (D) disability policy.
        (b) Duties.--The Chief Diversity Officer is responsible for
    providing advice on policy, oversight, guidance, and coordination with
    respect to matters of the Foundation related to diversity and
    inclusion, including ensuring the geographic diversity of the
    Foundation programs. Other duties may include--
                (1) establishing and maintaining a strategic plan that
            publicly states a diversity definition, vision, and goals for
            the Foundation;
                (2) defining a set of strategic metrics that are--
                        (A) directly linked to key organizational
                    priorities and goals;
                        (B) actionable; and
                        (C) actively used to implement the strategic plan
                    under paragraph (1);
                (3) advising in the establishment of a strategic plan for
            diverse participation by individuals and institutions of higher
            education, including community colleges, historically Black
            colleges and universities, Tribal Colleges or Universities,
            minority serving institutions, institutions of higher education
            with an established STEM capacity building program focused on
            Native Hawaiians or Alaska Natives, and EPSCoR institutions);
                (4) advising in the establishment of a strategic plan for
            outreach to, and recruiting from, untapped locations and
            underrepresented populations;
                (5) advising on a diversity and inclusion strategy for the
            Foundation's portfolio of PreK-12 STEM education focused
            programs and activities, including goals for addressing
            barriers to participation;
                (6) advising on the application of the Foundation's broader
            impacts review criterion; and
                (7) performing such additional duties and exercise such
            powers as the Director may prescribe.
        (c) Authorization of Appropriations.--To carry out this section,
    there are authorized to be appropriated $5,000,000 for each of fiscal
    years 2023 through 2027.

    SEC. 10328. RESEARCH AND DISSEMINATION TO INCREASE THE PARTICIPATION OF
                  WOMEN AND UNDERREPRESENTED MINORITIES IN STEM FIELDS.

        (a) In General.--The Director shall make awards on a competitive,
    merit-reviewed basis, to institutions of higher education or non-profit
    organizations (or consortia of such institutions or organizations), to
    enable such entities to increase the participation of women and
    underrepresented minorities in STEM studies and careers.
        (b) Use of Funds.--An eligible entity that receives an award under
    this subsection shall use such award funds to carry out one or more of
    the following activities designed to increase the participation of
    women or minorities historically underrepresented in STEM, or both:
                (1) Research to analyze the record-level data collected
            under sections 10502 and 10504, consistent with policies to
            ensure the privacy of individuals identifiable by such data.
                (2) Research to study best practices for work-life
            accommodation.
                (3) Research to study the impact of policies and practices
            that are implemented or are otherwise consistent with the
            purposes of this section.
                (4) Mentoring programs that facilitate engagement of STEM
            professionals with students.
                (5) Research experiences for undergraduate and graduate
            students in STEM fields.
                (6) Outreach to elementary school and secondary school
            students to provide opportunities to increase their exposure to
            STEM fields.
        (c) Dissemination Activities.--The Director shall carry out
    dissemination activities consistent with the purposes of this section,
    including--
                (1) collaboration with other Federal research agencies and
            professional associations to exchange best practices, harmonize
            work-life accommodation policies and practices, and overcoming
            common barriers to work-life accommodation; and
                (2) collaboration with institutions of higher education in
            order to clarify and catalyze the adoption of a coherent and
            consistent set of work-life accommodation policies and
            practices.
        (d) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be
    appropriated to carry out this section $5,000,000 for each of fiscal
    years 2023, 2024, 2025, 2026, and 2027.

    SEC. 10329. ACTIVITIES TO EXPAND STEM OPPORTUNITIES.

        (a) National Science Foundation Support for Increasing Diversity
    Among Stem Faculty at Institutions of Higher Education.--Section 305 of
    the American Innovation and Competitiveness Act (42 U.S.C. 1862s-5) is
    amended--
                (1) by redesignating subsections (e) and (f) as subsections
            (g) and (h), respectively; and
                (2) by inserting after subsection (d) the following:
        ``(e) Support for Increasing Diversity Among Stem Faculty at
    Institutions of Higher Education.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Director of the Foundation shall
            make awards to institutions of higher education (or consortia
            thereof) for the development and assessment of innovative
            reform efforts designed to increase the recruitment, retention,
            and advancement of individuals from underrepresented minority
            groups in academic STEM careers, which may include implementing
            or expanding successful evidence-based practices.
                ``(2) Merit review; competition.--Awards shall be made
            under this subsection on a merit-reviewed, competitive basis.
                ``(3) Use of funds.--Activities supported by awards under
            this subsection may include--
                        ``(A) institutional assessment activities, such as
                    data analyses and policy review, in order to identify
                    and address specific issues in the recruitment,
                    retention, and advancement of faculty members from
                    underrepresented minority groups;
                        ``(B) assessments of distribution of mentoring and
                    advising responsibilities among faculty, particularly
                    for faculty from underrepresented minority groups, that
                    may detract from time spent on research, publishing
                    papers, and other activities required to achieve tenure
                    status or promotion (or equivalents for non-tenure
                    track faculty) and run a productive research program;
                        ``(C) development and assessment of training
                    courses for administrators and search committee members
                    designed to ensure unbiased evaluation of candidates
                    from underrepresented minority groups;
                        ``(D) development and hosting of intra- or inter-
                    institutional workshops to propagate best practices in
                    recruiting, retaining, and advancing faculty members
                    from underrepresented minority groups;
                        ``(E) professional development opportunities for
                    faculty members from underrepresented minority groups;
                        ``(F) activities aimed at making undergraduate STEM
                    students from underrepresented minority groups aware of
                    opportunities for academic careers in STEM fields; and
                        ``(G) activities to identify and engage exceptional
                    graduate students and postdoctoral researchers from
                    underrepresented minority groups at various stages of
                    their studies and to encourage them to enter academic
                    careers.
                ``(4) Selection process.--
                        ``(A) Application.--An institution of higher
                    education (or a consortium of such institutions)
                    seeking funding under this subsection shall submit an
                    application to the Director of the Foundation at such
                    time, in such manner, and containing such information
                    and assurances as such Director may require. The
                    application shall include, at a minimum, a description
                    of--
                                ``(i) the reform effort that is being
                            proposed for implementation by the institution
                            of higher education;
                                ``(ii) any available evidence of specific
                            difficulties in the recruitment, retention, and
                            advancement of faculty members from
                            underrepresented minority groups in STEM
                            academic careers within the institution of
                            higher education submitting an application, and
                            how the proposed reform effort would address
                            such issues;
                                ``(iii) support for the proposed reform
                            effort by administrators of the institution,
                            which may include details on previous or
                            ongoing reform efforts;
                                ``(iv) how the proposed reform effort may
                            contribute to change in institutional culture
                            and policy such that a greater value is placed
                            on the recruitment, retention, and advancement
                            of faculty members from underrepresented
                            minority groups;
                                ``(v) how the institution of higher
                            education submitting an application plans to
                            sustain the proposed reform effort beyond the
                            duration of the award, if the effort proved
                            successful; and
                                ``(vi) how the success and effectiveness of
                            the proposed reform effort will be evaluated
                            and assessed in order to contribute to the
                            national knowledge base about models for
                            catalyzing institutional change.
                        ``(B) Award distribution.--The Director of the
                    Foundation shall ensure, to the extent practicable,
                    that awards under this section are made to a variety of
                    types of institutions of higher education.
                ``(5) Authorization of appropriations.--There are
            authorized to be appropriated to carry out this subsection
            $8,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027.''.
        (b) National Science Foundation Support for Broadening
    Participation in Undergraduate Stem Education.--Section 305 of the
    American Innovation and Competitiveness Act (42 U.S.C. 1862s-5), as
    amended by subsection (b), is further amended by inserting after
    subsection (e) the following:
        ``(f) Support for Broadening Participation in Undergraduate Stem
    Education.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Director of the Foundation shall
            make awards to institutions of higher education (or a
            consortium of such institutions) to implement or expand
            research-based reforms in undergraduate STEM education for the
            purpose of recruiting and retaining students from minority
            groups who are underrepresented in STEM fields.
                ``(2) Merit review; competition.--Awards shall be made
            under this subsection on a merit-reviewed, competitive basis.
                ``(3) Use of funds.--Activities supported by awards under
            this subsection may include--
                        ``(A) implementation or expansion of innovative,
                    research-based approaches to broaden participation of
                    underrepresented minority groups in STEM fields;
                        ``(B) implementation or expansion of successful,
                    research-based bridge, cohort, tutoring, or mentoring
                    programs, including those involving community colleges
                    and technical schools, designed to enhance the
                    recruitment and retention of students from
                    underrepresented minority groups in STEM fields;
                        ``(C) implementation or expansion of outreach
                    programs linking institutions of higher education and
                    PreK-12 school systems in order to heighten awareness
                    among precollege students from underrepresented
                    minority groups of opportunities in college-level STEM
                    fields and STEM careers;
                        ``(D) implementation or expansion of faculty
                    development programs focused on improving retention of
                    undergraduate STEM students from underrepresented
                    minority groups;
                        ``(E) implementation or expansion of mechanisms
                    designed to recognize and reward faculty members who
                    demonstrate a commitment to increasing the
                    participation of students from underrepresented
                    minority groups in STEM fields;
                        ``(F) expansion of successful reforms aimed at
                    increasing the number of STEM students from
                    underrepresented minority groups beyond a single course
                    or group of courses to achieve reform within an entire
                    academic unit, or expansion of successful reform
                    efforts beyond a single academic unit or field to other
                    STEM academic units or fields within an institution of
                    higher education;
                        ``(G) expansion of opportunities for students from
                    underrepresented minority groups to conduct STEM
                    research in industry, at Federal labs, and at
                    international research institutions or research sites;
                        ``(H) provision of stipends for students from
                    underrepresented minority groups participating in
                    research;
                        ``(I) development of research collaborations
                    between research-intensive universities and primarily
                    undergraduate historically Black colleges and
                    universities, Tribal Colleges or Universities, and
                    minority serving institutions;
                        ``(J) support for graduate students and
                    postdoctoral fellows from underrepresented minority
                    groups to participate in instructional or assessment
                    activities at primarily undergraduate institutions,
                    including primarily undergraduate historically Black
                    colleges and universities, Tribal Colleges or
                    Universities, and minority serving institutions and 2-
                    year institutions of higher education; and
                        ``(K) other activities consistent with paragraph
                    (1), as determined by the Director of the Foundation.
                ``(4) Selection process.--
                        ``(A) Application.--An institution of higher
                    education (or a consortium thereof) seeking an award
                    under this subsection shall submit an application to
                    the Director of the Foundation at such time, in such
                    manner, and containing such information and assurances
                    as such Director may require. The application shall
                    include, at a minimum--
                                ``(i) a description of the proposed reform
                            effort;
                                ``(ii) a description of the research
                            findings that will serve as the basis for the
                            proposed reform effort or, in the case of
                            applications that propose an expansion of a
                            previously implemented reform, a description of
                            the previously implemented reform effort,
                            including data about the recruitment,
                            retention, and academic achievement of students
                            from underrepresented minority groups;
                                ``(iii) evidence of an institutional
                            commitment to, and support for, the proposed
                            reform effort, including a long-term commitment
                            to implement successful strategies from the
                            current reform beyond the academic unit or
                            units included in the award proposal;
                                ``(iv) a description of how the proposed
                            reform effort may contribute to, or in the case
                            of applications that propose an expansion of a
                            previously implemented reforms has contributed
                            to, change in institutional culture and policy
                            such that a greater value is placed on the
                            recruitment, retention and academic achievement
                            of students from underrepresented minority
                            groups;
                                ``(v) a description of existing or planned
                            institutional policies and practices regarding
                            faculty hiring, promotion, tenure, and teaching
                            assignment that reward faculty contributions to
                            improving the education of students from
                            underrepresented minority groups in STEM; and
                                ``(vi) how the success and effectiveness of
                            the proposed reform effort will be evaluated
                            and assessed in order to contribute to the
                            national knowledge base about models for
                            catalyzing institutional change,
                        ``(B) Award distribution.--The Director of the
                    Foundation shall ensure, to the extent practicable,
                    that awards under this subsection are made to a variety
                    of types of institutions of higher education, including
                    historically Black colleges and universities, Tribal
                    Colleges or Universities, minority serving
                    institutions, and 2-year institutions of higher
                    education.
                ``(5) Education research.--
                        ``(A) In general.--All awards made under this
                    subsection shall include an education research
                    component that will support the design and
                    implementation of a system for data collection and
                    evaluation of proposed reform efforts in order to build
                    the knowledge base on promising models for increasing
                    recruitment and retention of students from
                    underrepresented minority groups in STEM education at
                    the undergraduate level across a diverse set of
                    institutions.
                        ``(B) Dissemination.--The Director of the
                    Foundation shall coordinate with the Committee on STEM
                    Education of the National Science and Technology
                    Council in disseminating the results of the research
                    under this paragraph to ensure that best practices in
                    broadening participation in STEM education at the
                    undergraduate level are made readily available to all
                    institutions of higher education, other Federal
                    agencies that support STEM programs, non-Federal
                    funders of STEM education, and the general public.
                ``(6) Authorization of appropriations.--There are
            authorized to be appropriated to carry out this subsection
            $15,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027.''.

    SEC. 10330. INTRAMURAL EMERGING RESEARCH INSTITUTIONS PILOT PROGRAM.

        (a) Establishment.--The Director may conduct multiple pilot
    programs, including through existing programs or other programs
    authorized in this division or division A, within the Foundation to
    expand the number of institutions of higher education (including such
    institutions that are community colleges), and other eligible entities
    that the Director determines appropriate, that are able to successfully
    compete for Foundation awards.
        (b) Components.--Pilot programs under this section may include--
                (1) a mentorship program;
                (2) award application writing technical assistance;
                (3) targeted outreach, including to a historically Black
            college or university, a Tribal college or university, or a
            minority-serving institution (including a Hispanic-serving
            institution or an institution of higher education with an
            established STEM capacity building program focused on Native
            Hawaiians or Alaska Natives);
                (4) programmatic support or solutions for institutions or
            entities that do not have an experienced award management
            office;
                (5) an increase in the number of award proposal reviewers
            from institutions of higher education that have not
            traditionally received funds from the Foundation; or
                (6) an increase of the term and funding, for a period of 3
            years or less, as appropriate, for awards with a first-time
            principal investigator, when paired with regular mentoring on
            the administrative aspects of award management.
        (c) Limitation.--As appropriate, each pilot program under this
    section shall work to reduce administrative burdens for recipients and
    award personnel.
        (d) Agency-wide Programs.--Not later than 5 years after the date of
    enactment of this Act, the Director shall--
                (1) review the results of the pilot programs under this
            section; and
                (2) develop agencywide best practices from the pilot
            programs for implementation across the Foundation, in order to
            fulfill the requirement under section 3(e) of the National
            Science Foundation Act of 1950 (42 U.S.C. 1862(e)).

                       Subtitle D--NSF Research Security

    SEC. 10331. OFFICE OF RESEARCH SECURITY AND POLICY.

        The Director shall maintain a Research Security and Policy office
    within the Office of the Director with not fewer than four full-time
    equivalent positions, in addition to the Chief of Research Security
    established pursuant to section 10332. The functions of the Research
    Security and Policy office shall be to coordinate all research security
    policy issues across the Foundation, including by--
                (1) consulting and coordinating with the Foundation Office
            of Inspector General, with other Federal research agencies, and
            intelligence and law enforcement agencies, and the National
            Science and Technology Council, as appropriate, in accordance
            with the authority provided under section 1746 of the National
            Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020 (Public Law 116-
            92; 42 U.S.C. 6601 note), to identify and address potential
            security risks that threaten research integrity and other risks
            to the research enterprise and to develop research security
            policy and best practices, taking into account the policy
            guidelines to be issued by the Director of the Office of
            Science and Technology Policy under section 10631 of this
            division;
                (2) serving as a resource at the Foundation for all issues
            related to the security and integrity of the conduct of
            Foundation-supported research;
                (3) conducting outreach and education activities for
            recipients on research policies and potential security risks
            and on policies and activities to protect intellectual property
            and information about critical technologies relevant to
            national security, consistent with the controls relevant to the
            grant or award;
                (4) educating Foundation program managers and other
            directorate staff on evaluating Foundation awards and
            recipients for potential security risks;
                (5) communicating reporting and disclosure requirements to
            recipients and applicants for funding;
                (6) performing risk assessments, in consultation, as
            appropriate, with other Federal agencies, of Foundation
            proposals and awards using analytical tools to assess
            nondisclosures of required information;
                (7) establishing policies and procedures for identifying,
            communicating, and addressing security risks that threaten the
            integrity of Foundation-supported research and development,
            working in consultation, as appropriate, with other Federal
            agencies, to ensure compliance with National Security
            Presidential Memorandum-33 (relating to strengthening
            protections of United States Government-supported research and
            development against foreign government interference and
            exploitation) or a successor policy document; and
                (8) in accordance with relevant policies of the agency,
            conducting or facilitating due diligence with regard to
            applications for research and development awards from the
            Foundation prior to making such awards.

    SEC. 10332. CHIEF OF RESEARCH SECURITY.

         The Director shall appoint a senior agency official within the
    Office of the Director as a Chief of Research Security, whose primary
    responsibility shall be to manage the office established under section
    10331.

    SEC. 10333. REPORTING TO CONGRESS.

        (a) Report on Resource Needs.--Not later than 180 days after the
    date of the enactment of this Act, the Director shall provide a report
    to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of
    Representatives, the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation
    of the Senate, the Committee on Appropriations of the House of
    Representatives, and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate on
    the resources and the number of full time employees needed to carry out
    the functions of the office established in section 10331.
        (b) Annual Report on Office Activities.--
                (1) In general.--Not later than one year after the date of
            the enactment of this Act and annually thereafter, the Director
            shall submit to Congress a report on the activities carried out
            by the Office of Research Security, detailing--
                        (A) a description of the activities conducted by
                    the Office, including administrative actions taken;
                        (B) such recommendations as the Director may have
                    for legislative or administrative action relating to
                    improving research security;
                        (C) identification and discussion of the gaps in
                    legal authorities that need to be improved to enhance
                    the security of institutions of higher education
                    performing research supported by the Foundation; and
                        (D) information on Foundation Inspector General
                    cases, as appropriate, relating to undue influence and
                    security threats to research and development activities
                    funded by the Foundation, including theft of property
                    or intellectual property relating to a project funded
                    by the Foundation at an institution of higher
                    education.
                (2) Form.--The report submitted under paragraph (1) shall
            be submitted in both unclassified and classified formats, as
            appropriate.

    SEC. 10334. ONLINE RESOURCE.

        The Director shall develop an online resource hosted on the
    Foundation's website containing up-to-date information, tailored for
    institutions and individual researchers, including--
                (1) an explanation of Foundation research security
            policies;
                (2) unclassified guidance on potential security risks that
            threaten research integrity and other risks to the research
            enterprise;
                (3) examples of beneficial international collaborations and
            how such collaborations differ from foreign government
            interference efforts that threaten research integrity;
                (4) best practices for mitigating security risks that
            threaten research integrity; and
                (5) additional reference materials, including tools that
            assist organizations seeking Foundation funding and awardees in
            information disclosure to the Foundation.

    SEC. 10335. RESEARCH AWARDS.

         The Director shall continue to make awards, on a competitive
    basis, to institutions of higher education or non-profit organizations
    (or consortia of such institutions or organizations) to support
    research on the conduct of research and the research environment,
    including research on research misconduct or breaches of research
    integrity and detrimental research practices.

    SEC. 10336. AUTHORITIES.

        In addition to existing authorities for preventing waste, fraud,
    abuse, and mismanagement of Federal funds, the Director, acting through
    the Office of Research Security and Policy and in coordination with the
    Foundation's Office of Inspector General, shall have the authority to
    conduct risk assessments, including through the use of open-source
    analysis and analytical tools, of research and development award
    applications and disclosures to the Foundation.

    SEC. 10337. RESPONSIBLE CONDUCT IN RESEARCH TRAINING.

         Section 7009 of the America Creating Opportunities to Meaningfully
    Promote Excellence in Technology, Education, and Science Act (42 U.S.C.
    1862o-1) is amended by--
                (1) striking ``and postdoctoral researchers'' and inserting
            ``postdoctoral researchers, faculty, and other senior
            personnel''; and
                (2) by striking the period and inserting the following: ``,
            including--
                ``(1) mentor training and mentorship;
                ``(2) training to raise awareness of potential research
            security threats; and
                ``(3) Federal export control, disclosure, and reporting
            requirements.''.

    SEC. 10338. RESEARCH SECURITY AND INTEGRITY INFORMATION SHARING
                  ANALYSIS ORGANIZATION.

        (a) Establishment.--The Director shall enter into an agreement with
    a qualified independent organization to establish a research security
    and integrity information sharing analysis organization (referred to in
    this section as the ``RSI-ISAO''), which shall include members
    described in subsection (d) and carry out the duties described in
    subsection (b).
        (b) Duties.--The RSI-ISAO shall--
                (1) serve as a clearinghouse for information to help enable
            the members and other entities in the research community to
            understand the context of their research and identify improper
            or illegal efforts by foreign entities to obtain research
            results, know how, materials, and intellectual property;
                (2) develop a set of standard risk assessment frameworks
            and best practices, relevant to the research community, to
            assess research security risks in different contexts;
                (3) share information concerning security threats and
            lessons learned from protection and response efforts through
            forums and other forms of communication;
                (4) provide timely reports on research security risks to
            provide situational awareness tailored to the research and STEM
            education community;
                (5) provide training and support, including through
            webinars, for relevant faculty and staff employed by
            institutions of higher education on topics relevant to research
            security risks and response;
                (6) enable standardized information gathering and data
            compilation, storage, and analysis for compiled incident
            reports;
                (7) support analysis of patterns of risk and identification
            of bad actors and enhance the ability of members to prevent and
            respond to research security risks; and
                (8) take other appropriate steps to enhance research
            security.
        (c) Funding.--The Foundation may provide initial funds toward the
    RSI-ISAO but shall seek to have the fees authorized in subsection
    (d)(2) cover the costs of operations at the earliest practicable time.
        (d) Membership.--
                (1) In general.--The RSI-ISAO shall serve and include
            members representing institutions of higher education,
            nonprofit research institutions, and small and medium-sized
            businesses.
                (2) Fees.--As soon as practicable, members of the RSI-ISAO
            shall be charged an annual rate to enable the RSI-ISAO to cover
            its costs. Rates shall be set on a sliding scale based on
            research and development expenditures to ensure that membership
            is accessible to a diverse community of stakeholders and ensure
            broad participation. The RSI-ISAO shall develop a plan to
            sustain the RSI-ISAO without Federal funding, as practicable.
        (e) Board of Directors.--The RSI-ISAO may establish a board of
    directors to provide guidance for policies, legal issues, and plans and
    strategies of the entity's operations. The board shall include a
    diverse group of stakeholders representing the research community,
    including academia, industry, and experienced research security
    administrators.
        (f) Stakeholder Engagement.--In establishing the RSI-ISAO under
    this section, the Director shall take necessary steps to ensure the
    services provided are aligned with the needs of the research community,
    including by--
                (1) convening a series of workshops or other multi-
            stakeholder events; or
                (2) publishing a description of the services the RSI-ISAO
            intends to provide and the requirements for membership in the
            Federal Register and provide an opportunity for submission of
            public comments for a period of not less than 60 days.

    SEC. 10339. PLAN WITH RESPECT TO CONTROLLED INFORMATION AND BACKGROUND
                  SCREENING.

        (a) In General.--Not later than 180 days after the enactment of
    this Act, the Director, in consultation with the Director of National
    Intelligence and, as appropriate, other Federal agencies, shall develop
    a plan to--
                (1) identify research areas supported by the Foundation,
            including in the key technology focus areas, that may involve
            access to controlled unclassified or classified information,
            including in the key technology focus areas; and
                (2) exercise due diligence in granting access, as
            appropriate, to the CUI or classified information identified
            under paragraph (1) to individuals working on such research who
            are employees of the Foundation or covered individuals on
            research and development awards funded by the Foundation.
        (b) Definitions.--In this section:
                (1) Classified information.--The term ``classified
            information'' means any information that has been determined
            pursuant to Executive Order 13526, any predecessor or successor
            order, or sections 1-274, 275-321, and 1001-3115 of the Atomic
            Energy Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C. 2011-2021, 2022-2286i, 2296a-
            2297h-13) to require protection against unauthorized disclosure
            and that is so designated.
                (2) Controlled unclassified information.--The term
            ``controlled unclassified information'' or ``CUI'' means
            information described as ``Controlled Unclassified
            Information'' under Executive Order 13556 or any successor
            order, to require protection against unauthorized disclosure
            and that is so designated.

    SEC. 10339A. FOUNDATION FUNDING TO INSTITUTIONS HOSTING OR SUPPORTING
                  CONFUCIUS INSTITUTES.

        (a) Confucius Institute Defined.--In this section the term
    ``Confucius Institute'' means a cultural institute established as a
    partnership between a United States institution of higher education and
    a Chinese institution of higher education to promote and teach Chinese
    language and culture that is funded, directly or indirectly, by the
    Government of the People's Republic of China.
        (b) Restrictions of Confucius Institutes.--Except as provided in
    subsection (d), none of the funds made available to the Foundation
    under this division or division A, or an amendment made by this
    division or division A, may be obligated or expended to an institution
    of higher education that maintains a contract or agreement between the
    institution and a Confucius Institute, unless the Director, after
    consultation with the National Academies, determines such a waiver is
    appropriate in accordance with subsection (c).
        (c) Waiver.--The Director, after consultation with the National
    Academies, may issue a waiver for an institution of higher education
    that maintains a contract or agreement between the institution and a
    Confucius Institute if such contract or agreement includes clear
    provisions that--
                (1) protect academic freedom at the institution;
                (2) prohibit the application of any foreign law on any
            campus of the institution;
                (3) grant full managerial authority of the Confucius
            Institute to the institution, including full control over what
            is being taught, the activities carried out, the research
            awards that are made, and who is employed at the Confucius
            Institute; and
                (4) prohibit co-location with the institution's Chinese
            language, history, and cultural programs and require separate
            promotional materials.
        (d) Special Rule.--
                (1) In general.--Notwithstanding any other provision of
            this section, this section shall not apply to an institution of
            higher education if that institution has fulfilled the
            requirements for a waiver from the Department of Defense as
            described under section 1062 of the National Defense
            Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public Law 116-283).
                (2) Exception.--Notwithstanding any other provision of this
            section, the prohibition under subsection (b) shall not apply
            to amounts provided to students as educational assistance.
        (e) Effective Date.--The limitation under subsection (b) shall
    apply with respect to the first fiscal year that begins after the date
    that is two years after the date of the enactment of this Act and to
    any subsequent fiscal year subject to subsection (f).
        (f) Sunset.--This section shall cease to be effective on the date
    that is five years after the date of the enactment of this Act.

    SEC. 10339B. FOREIGN FINANCIAL SUPPORT.

        (a) In General.--The Director shall request, on an annual basis,
    from a recipient institution of higher education a disclosure, in the
    form of a summary document, from the institution, a foundation of the
    institution, and related entities such as any educational, cultural, or
    language entity, of the current financial support, the value of which
    is $50,000 or more, including gifts and contracts, received directly or
    indirectly from a foreign source (as such term is defined in section
    117 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1011f(h)(2)))
    associated with a foreign country of concern.
        (b) Records.--Each disclosure to the Director under this section
    shall be made on the condition that the institution will maintain a
    true copy of the relevant records subject to the disclosure requirement
    until the latest of--
                (1) the date that is four years after the date of the
            agreement;
                (2) the date on which the agreement terminates; or
                (3) the last day of any period that applicable State public
            record law requires a true copy of such agreement to be
            maintained.
        (c) Documentation.--Upon review of the disclosures under this
    section, the Director may request that a recipient institution provide
    true copies of any contracts, agreements, or documentation of financial
    transactions associated with disclosures made under this section.
        (d) Office of the Inspector General.--The Director, acting through
    the Office of Research Security and Policy in coordination with the
    Foundation's Office of Inspector General and in consultation with the
    recipient institution, may reduce the award funding amount or suspend
    or terminate the award if the Director determines--
                (1) such institution fails to comply with the records
            retention requirement in subsection (b) or fails to provide
            information requested under this section; or
                (2) the Chief of Research Security determines the
            disclosures under this section indicate a threat to research
            security.

    SEC. 10339C. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

        From any amounts appropriated for the Foundation for each of fiscal
    years 2023 through 2027, the Director shall allocate $6,000,000 to
    carry out the activities under this subtitle.

                        Subtitle E--Fundamental Research

    SEC. 10341. BROADER IMPACTS.

        (a) Assessment.--Not later than 120 days after the date of
    enactment of this Act, the Director shall enter into an agreement with
    a qualified independent organization to assess how the Broader Impacts
    review criterion is applied across the Foundation and make
    recommendations for improving the effectiveness for meeting the goals
    established in section 526 of the America Creating Opportunities to
    Meaningfully Promote Excellence in Technology, Education, and Science
    Reauthorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 1862p-14).
        (b) Activities.--The Director shall make awards on a competitive
    basis, to institutions of higher education or non-profit organizations
    (or consortia of such institutions or organizations) to support
    activities to increase the efficiency, effectiveness, and availability
    of resources for implementing the Broader Impacts review criterion,
    including--
                (1) training and workshops for program officers, merit
            review panelists, award office administrators, faculty, and
            students to improve understanding of the goals and the full
            range of potential broader impacts available to researchers to
            satisfy this criterion;
                (2) repositories and clearinghouses for sharing best
            practices and facilitating collaboration; and
                (3) tools for evaluating and documenting societal impacts
            of research.

    SEC. 10342. SENSE OF CONGRESS.

        It is the sense of Congress that the Director should continue to
    identify opportunities to reduce the administrative burden on
    researchers.

    SEC. 10343. RESEARCH ETHICS.

        (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
                (1) a number of emerging areas of research have potential
            ethical, social, safety, and security implications that might
            be apparent as early as the basic research stage;
                (2) the incorporation of ethical, social, safety, and
            security considerations into the research design and review
            process for Federal awards, may help mitigate potential harms
            before they happen;
                (3) the Foundation's agreement with the National Academies
            to conduct a study and make recommendations with respect to
            governance of research in emerging technologies is a positive
            step toward accomplishing this goal; and
                (4) the Foundation should continue to work with
            stakeholders to promote best practices for governance of
            research in emerging technologies at every stage of research.
        (b) Incorporation of Ethics Considerations.--Drawing on stakeholder
    input, not later than 24 months after the date of enactment of this
    Act, the Director shall revise proposal instructions to require that
    ethical and societal considerations are to be included as part of a
    proposal for funding prior to making the award, where such
    considerations are applicable. Such considerations shall be evaluated
    by the Director in the review of proposals, taking into account any
    relevant input from the peer-reviewers for the proposal, and shall
    factor into award decisions, as deemed necessary by the Director. When
    incorporating such considerations, proposers may include, as
    appropriate--
                (1)(A) any readily foreseeable or quantifiable risks to
            society, including how the research could enable products,
            technologies, or other outcomes that could intentionally or
            unintentionally cause significant societal harm; or
                (B) an assertion that no readily foreseeable potential
            ethical, social, safety, or security implications are apparent;
                (2) how technical or social solutions can mitigate such
            risks and, as appropriate, a plan to implement such mitigation
            measures; and
                (3) how partnerships and collaborations in the research can
            help mitigate potential harm and amplify potential societal
            benefits.
        (c) Guidance.--The Director shall solicit stakeholder input to
    develop clear guidance on what constitutes a readily foreseeable or
    quantifiable risk as described in subsection (b)(1), and to the extent
    practicable harmonize this policy with existing ethical policies or
    related requirements for human subjects.
        (d) Research.--The Director shall make awards, on a competitive
    basis, to institutions of higher education or non-profit organizations
    (or consortia of such institutions or organizations) to support--
                (1) research to assess the potential ethical and societal
            implications of Foundation- supported research and products or
            technologies enabled by such research, including the benefits
            and risks identified pursuant to subsection (b)(1); and
                (2) the development and verification of approaches to
            proactively mitigate foreseeable risks to society, including
            the technical and social solutions identified pursuant to
            subsection (b)(1).
        (e) Annual Report.--The Director shall encourage recipients to
    update their consideration of potential risks and benefits as
    appropriate as part of the annual reports required by all awardees
    under the award terms and conditions.

    SEC. 10344. RESEARCH REPRODUCIBILITY AND REPLICABILITY.

        (a) In General.--Consistent with existing Federal law for privacy,
    intellectual property, and security, the Director shall facilitate
    public access to research products, including data, software, and code,
    developed as part of Foundation-supported projects.
        (b) Data Management Plans.--
                (1) In general.--The Director shall require that every
            proposal for funding for research include a machine-readable
            data management plan that includes a description of how the
            awardee will archive and preserve public access to data,
            software, and code developed as part of the proposed project.
                (2) Requirements.--In carrying out the requirement in
            paragraph (1), the Director shall--
                        (A) provide necessary resources, including
                    trainings and workshops, to educate researchers and
                    students on how to develop and review high quality data
                    management plans;
                        (B) ensure program officers and merit review panels
                    are equipped with the resources and training necessary
                    to review the quality of data management plans; and
                        (C) ensure program officers and merit review panels
                    treat data management plans as essential elements of
                    award proposals, where appropriate.
        (c) Open Repositories.--The Director shall--
                (1) consult with the heads of other Federal research
            agencies, as appropriate, and solicit input from the scientific
            community, to develop and widely disseminate a set of criteria
            for trusted open repositories to be used by Foundation-funded
            researchers, accounting for discipline-specific needs and
            necessary protections for sensitive information;
                (2) work with stakeholders to identify significant gaps in
            available repositories meeting the criteria developed under
            paragraph (1) and options for supporting the development of
            additional or enhanced repositories;
                (3) make awards on a competitive basis to institutions of
            higher education or non-profit organizations (or consortia of
            such institutions or organizations) for the development,
            upgrades, and maintenance of open data repositories that meet
            the criteria developed under paragraph (1);
                (4) work with stakeholders and build on existing models,
            where appropriate, to establish a single, public, web-based
            point of access to help users locate repositories storing data,
            software, and code resulting from or used in Foundation-
            supported projects;
                (5) work with stakeholders to establish the necessary
            policies and procedures and allocate the necessary resources to
            ensure, as practicable, data underlying published findings
            resulting from Foundation-supported projects are deposited in
            repositories meeting the criteria developed under paragraph (1)
            at the time of publication;
                (6) incentivize the deposition of data, software, and code
            into repositories that meet the criteria developed under
            paragraph (1); and
                (7) coordinate with the scientific publishing community and
            the heads of other relevant Federal departments and agencies to
            support the development of voluntary consensus standards around
            data archiving and sharing.
        (d) Research, Development, and Education.--The Director shall make
    awards, on a competitive basis to institutions of higher education or
    non-profit organizations (or consortia of such institutions or
    organizations) to--
                (1) support research and development of open source,
            sustainable, usable tools and infrastructure that support
            reproducibility for a broad range of studies across different
            disciplines;
                (2) support research on computational reproducibility,
            including the limits of reproducibility and the consistency of
            computational results in the development of new computation
            hardware, tools, and methods; and
                (3) support the education and training of students,
            faculty, and researchers on computational methods, tools, and
            techniques to improve the quality and sharing of data, code,
            and supporting metadata to produce reproducible research.

    SEC. 10345. CLIMATE CHANGE RESEARCH.

        The Director shall make awards, on a competitive basis, to
    institutions of higher education or non-profit organizations (or
    consortia of such institutions or organizations) to support research to
    improve our understanding of the climate system and related human and
    environmental systems.

    SEC. 10346. SOCIAL, BEHAVIORAL, AND ECONOMIC SCIENCES.

        The Director shall--
                (1) actively communicate opportunities and solicit
            proposals for social, behavioral, and economic science
            researchers to participate in cross-cutting and
            interdisciplinary programs, including the Convergence
            Accelerator and agency priority activities, and the Mid-Scale
            Research Infrastructure program; and
                (2) ensure social, behavioral, and economic science
            researchers are represented on relevant merit review panels for
            such activities.

    SEC. 10347. MEASURING IMPACTS OF FEDERALLY FUNDED RESEARCH AND
                  DEVELOPMENT.

        The Director shall make awards on a competitive, merit-reviewed
    basis to institutions of higher education or non-profit organizations
    (or consortia of such institutions or organizations) to support
    research and development of data, models, indicators, and associated
    analytical tools to improve our understanding of the impacts of
    Federally funded research on society, the economy, and the workforce,
    including domestic job creation.

    SEC. 10348. FOOD-ENERGY-WATER RESEARCH.

        The Director shall make awards on a competitive basis to
    institutions of higher education or non-profit organizations (or
    consortia of such institutions or organizations) to--
                (1) support research to significantly advance our
            understanding of the food-energy-water system through
            quantitative and computational modeling, including support for
            relevant cyberinfrastructure;
                (2) develop real-time, cyber-enabled interfaces that
            improve understanding of the behavior of food-energy-water
            systems and increase decision support capability;
                (3) support research that will lead to innovative solutions
            to critical food-energy-water system problems; and
                (4) grow the scientific workforce capable of studying and
            managing the food-energy-water system, through education and
            other professional development.

    SEC. 10349. BIOLOGICAL FIELD STATIONS AND MARINE LABORATORIES.

        The Director shall continue to support enhancing, repairing and
    maintaining research instrumentation, laboratories, telecommunications
    and housing at biological field stations and marine laboratories.

    SEC. 10350. SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY RESEARCH AND EDUCATION.

        In accordance with section 263 of the National Defense
    Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021, the Director shall carry out
    activities in support of sustainable chemistry, including--
                (1) establishing a program to make awards, on a competitive
            basis, to institutions of higher education or non-profit
            organizations (or consortia of such institutions or
            organizations) to support--
                        (A) individual investigators and teams of
                    investigators, including to the extent practicable,
                    early career investigators for research and
                    development;
                        (B) collaborative research and development
                    partnerships among universities, industry, and non-
                    profit organizations;
                        (C) integrating sustainable chemistry principles
                    into elementary, secondary, undergraduate, and graduate
                    chemistry and chemical engineering curriculum and
                    research training, as appropriate to that level of
                    education and training; and
                (2) incorporating sustainable chemistry into existing
            Foundation research and development programs.

    SEC. 10351. RISK AND RESILIENCE RESEARCH.

        The Director shall make awards on a competitive basis to
    institutions of higher education or non-profit organizations (or
    consortia of such institutions or organizations) to advance knowledge
    of risk assessment and predictability and to support the creation of
    tools and technologies, including advancing data analytics and
    utilization of artificial intelligence, for increased resilience
    through--
                (1) improvements in our ability to understand, model, and
            predict extreme events and natural hazards;
                (2) the creation of novel engineered systems solutions for
            resilient complex infrastructures, particularly those that
            address critical interdependence among infrastructures and
            leverage the growing infusion of cyber-physical-social
            components into the infrastructures;
                (3) development of equipment and instrumentation for
            innovation in resilient engineered infrastructures;
                (4) multidisciplinary research on the behaviors individuals
            and communities engage in to detect, perceive, understand,
            predict, assess, mitigate, and prevent risks and to improve and
            increase resilience; and
                (5) advancements in multidisciplinary wildfire science,
            including those related to air quality impacts, human behavior,
            and early detection and warning.

    SEC. 10352. UNMANNED AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGIES.

        In coordination with the Administrator of the Federal Aviation
    Administration and the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and
    Space Administration, the Director shall carry out a program of
    research and related activities related to unmanned aircraft system
    technologies, which may include a prize competition pursuant to section
    24 of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C.
    3719) and support for undergraduate and graduate curriculum
    development.

    SEC. 10353. ACCELERATING UNMANNED MARITIME SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGIES.

        (a) In General.--In order to support advances in marine science,
    maritime domain awareness, and national security the Director, in
    consultation with the Under Secretary of Commerce for Oceans and
    Atmosphere and the Commandant of the Coast Guard, shall issue awards,
    on a competitive basis, to institutions of higher education or
    nonprofit organizations (or consortia of such institutions or
    organizations) to support research that will accelerate innovation to
    advance unmanned maritime systems for the purpose of providing greater
    maritime domain awareness to the Nation.
        (b) Coordination.--In implementing this section, the Director shall
    coordinate with the Coast Guard, the Department of Defense, the
    National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and other Federal
    agencies, including those established under the Commercial Engagement
    Through Ocean Technology Act of 2018 (Public Law 115-394).

    SEC. 10354. LEVERAGING INTERNATIONAL EXPERTISE IN RESEARCH.

        The Director shall explore and advance opportunities for leveraging
    international capabilities and resources that align with the Foundation
    and United States research community priorities and have the potential
    to benefit United States prosperity, security, health, and well-being,
    including through binational research and development organizations and
    foundations and by sending teams of Foundation scientific staff for
    site visits of scientific facilities and agencies in other countries.
    The Director shall establish and implement policies, including through
    any research security training requirements, to mitigate the potential
    risks of such interactions, including risks to the protection of
    intellectual property and the risk of undue foreign influence on
    research.

    SEC. 10355. BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH COLLECTIONS.

        (a) In General.--The Director shall continue to support databases,
    tools, methods, and other activities that secure and improve existing
    physical and digital biological research collections, improve the
    accessibility of collections and collection-related data for research
    and educational purposes, develop capacity for curation and collection
    management, and to transfer ownership of collections that are
    significant to the biological research community, including to museums
    and universities.
        (b) Specimen Management Plan.--In consultation with other relevant
    Federal research agencies, and as the Director determines is
    appropriate, the Director shall require that proposals submitted to the
    Foundation for funding for research that involves collecting or
    generating specimens include, as part of the data management plan under
    section 10344, a description of how the specimens and associated data
    will be accessioned into and maintained in an established biological
    collection.
        (c) Action Center for Biological Collections.--In coordination with
    other relevant Federal research agencies, as appropriate, the Director
    shall make awards on a competitive basis to institutions of higher
    education or non-profit organizations (or consortia of such
    institutions or organizations) to facilitate coordination and data
    sharing among communities of practice for research, education,
    workforce training, evaluation, and business model development,
    including by establishing an Action Center for Biological Collections.

    SEC. 10356. CLEAN WATER RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY ACCELERATION.

        The Director shall make awards on a competitive, merit-reviewed
    basis to institutions of higher education or non-profit organizations
    (or consortia of such institutions or organizations) to--
                (1) support transdisciplinary research to significantly
            advance our understanding of water availability, quality, and
            dynamics and the impact of human activity and a changing
            climate on urban and rural water and wastewater systems,
            including in low-income, underserved, and disadvantaged
            communities;
                (2) develop, pilot, and deploy innovative technologies,
            systems, and other approaches to identifying and addressing
            challenges that affect water availability, quality, and
            security, including through direct engagement with affected
            communities and partnerships with the private sector, State,
            territorial, Tribal, and local governments, non-profit
            organizations and water management professionals; and
                (3) grow the scientific workforce capable of studying and
            managing water and wastewater systems and of conducting
            wastewater surveillance, through education, training, and other
            professional development.

    SEC. 10357. TECHNOLOGY AND BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE RESEARCH.

        (a) In General.--The Director shall make awards on a merit-
    reviewed, competitive basis for research and development to--
                (1) increase understanding of social media and consumer
            technology access and use patterns and related mental health,
            behavioral, and substance use disorder issues, particularly for
            children and adolescents; and
                (2) explore the role of social media and consumer
            technology in rising rates of mental health and substance use
            disorder issues, including within communities experiencing
            long-term economic distress.
        (b) Coordination to Avoid Duplication.--In making awards under this
    subsection, the Director shall, for purposes of avoiding duplication of
    activities and research, consult, collaborate, and coordinate with the
    heads of other relevant Federal departments and agencies, including the
    Department of Health and Human Services.

    SEC. 10358. MANUFACTURING RESEARCH AMENDMENT.

        Section 506(a) of the America COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 2010
    (42 U.S.C. 1862p-1(a)) is amended--
                (1) in paragraph (5), by striking ``and'' at the end;
                (2) in paragraph (6)--
                        (A) by striking ``and'' before ``virtual
                    manufacturing''; and
                        (B) by striking the period at the end and inserting
                    ``; and artificial intelligence and machine learning;
                    and''; and
                (3) by adding at the end the following:
                ``(7) additive manufacturing, including new material
            designs, complex materials, rapid printing techniques, and
            real-time process controls.''.

    SEC. 10359. CRITICAL MINERALS MINING RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT.

        (a) Critical Minerals Mining Research and Development at the
    Foundation.--
                (1) In general.--In order to support supply chain
            resiliency, the Director shall make awards, on a competitive
            basis, to institutions of higher education or nonprofit
            organizations (or consortia of such institutions or
            organizations) to support basic research that will accelerate
            innovation to advance critical minerals mining strategies and
            technologies for the purpose of making better use of domestic
            resources and eliminating national reliance on minerals and
            mineral materials that are subject to supply disruptions.
                (2) Use of funds.--Activities funded by an award under this
            section may include--
                        (A) advancing mining research and development
                    activities to develop new mapping and mining
                    technologies and techniques, including advanced
                    critical mineral extraction and production, separation,
                    alloying, or processing techniques and technologies
                    that can decrease energy intensity to improve existing
                    or to develop new supply chains of critical minerals,
                    and to yield more efficient, economical, and
                    environmentally benign mining practices;
                        (B) advancing critical mineral processing research
                    activities to improve separation, alloying,
                    manufacturing, or recycling techniques and technologies
                    that can decrease the energy intensity, waste,
                    potential environmental impact, and costs of those
                    activities;
                        (C) conducting long-term earth observation of
                    reclaimed mine sites, including the study of the
                    evolution of microbial diversity at such sites;
                        (D) examining the application of artificial
                    intelligence for geological exploration of critical
                    minerals, including what size and diversity of data
                    sets would be required;
                        (E) examining the application of machine learning
                    for detection and sorting of critical minerals,
                    including what size and diversity of data sets would be
                    required;
                        (F) conducting detailed isotope studies of critical
                    minerals and the development of more refined geologic
                    models;
                        (G) improved understanding of the geological and
                    geochemical processes through which critical minerals
                    form and are concentrated into economically viable
                    deposits; or
                        (H) providing training and research opportunities
                    to undergraduate and graduate students to prepare the
                    next generation of mining engineers and researchers.
                (3) Existing programs.--The Director shall ensure awards
            made under this subsection are complementary and not
            duplicative of existing programs across the Foundation and
            Federal Government.
        (b) Critical Materials Interagency Subcommittee.--
                (1) In general.--The Critical Minerals Subcommittee of the
            National Science and Technology Council (referred to in this
            section as the ``Subcommittee''), shall coordinate Federal
            science and technology efforts to ensure secure, reliable, and
            environmentally sustainable supplies of critical materials to
            the United States.
                (2) Purposes.--The purposes of the Subcommittee shall be--
                        (A) to advise and assist the National Science and
                    Technology Council, including the Committee on Homeland
                    and National Security, on United States policies,
                    procedures, and plans as it relates to critical
                    materials, including--
                                (i) Federal research, development, and
                            commercial application efforts to minimize the
                            environmental impacts of methods for
                            extractions, concentration, separation and
                            purification of conventional, secondary, and
                            unconventional sources of critical materials;
                                (ii) efficient use, substitution, and reuse
                            of critical materials;
                                (iii) the critical materials workforce of
                            the United States; and
                                (iv) United States private industry
                            investments in innovation and technology
                            transfer from federally funded science and
                            technology;
                        (B) to identify emerging opportunities, stimulate
                    international cooperation, and foster the development
                    of secure and reliable supply chains of critical
                    materials and establish scenario modeling systems for
                    supply problems of critical materials and energy
                    critical materials;
                        (C) to ensure the transparency of information and
                    data related to critical materials; and
                        (D) to provide recommendations on coordination and
                    collaboration among the research, development, and
                    deployment programs and activities of Federal agencies
                    to promote a secure and reliable supply of critical
                    materials necessary to maintain national security,
                    economic well-being, public health, and industrial
                    production.
                (3) Responsibilities.--In carrying out this subsection, the
            Subcommittee may, taking into account the findings and
            recommendations of relevant advisory committees--
                        (A) provide recommendations on how Federal agencies
                    may improve the topographic, geologic, and geophysical
                    mapping of the United States and improve the
                    discoverability, accessibility, and usability of the
                    resulting and existing data, to the extent permitted by
                    law and subject to appropriate limitation for purposes
                    of privacy and security;
                        (B) assess the progress towards developing critical
                    materials recycling and reprocessing technologies, and
                    technological alternatives to critical materials;
                        (C) establish a mechanism for the coordination and
                    evaluation of Federal programs with critical material
                    needs, including Federal programs involving research
                    and development, in a manner that complements related
                    efforts carried out by the private sector and other
                    domestic and international agencies and organizations;
                        (D) examine options for accessing and developing
                    critical materials through investment and trade with
                    our allies and partners and provide recommendations;
                        (E) evaluate and provide recommendations to
                    incentivize the development and use of advances in
                    science and technology in the private industry;
                        (F) assess the need for and make recommendations to
                    address the challenges the United States critical
                    materials supply chain workforce faces, including aging
                    and retiring personnel and faculty, and foreign
                    competition for United States talent;
                        (G) develop, and update as necessary, a strategic
                    plan to guide Federal programs and activities to
                    enhance scientific and technical capabilities across
                    critical material supply chains, including a roadmap
                    that identifies key research and development needs and
                    coordinates on-going activities for source
                    diversification, more efficient use, recycling, and
                    substitution for critical materials; as well as cross-
                    cutting mining science, data science techniques,
                    materials science, manufacturing science and
                    engineering, computational modeling, and environmental
                    health and safety research and development;
                        (H) assess the need for, and make recommendations
                    concerning, the availability and adequacy of the supply
                    of technically trained personnel necessary for critical
                    materials research, development, extraction, and
                    industrial production, with a particular focus on the
                    problem of attracting and maintaining high-quality
                    professionals for maintaining an adequate supply of
                    energy critical materials; and
                        (I) report to the appropriate Congressional
                    committees on activities and findings under this
                    section.
        (c) Definitions of Critical Mineral and Critical Mineral or
    Metal.--In this section, the terms ``critical mineral'' and ``critical
    mineral or metal'' include any host mineral of a critical mineral
    (within the meaning of those terms in section 7002 of title VII of
    division Z of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 (Public Law
    116-260)).

    SEC. 10360. STUDY OF AI RESEARCH CAPACITY.

        (a) In General.--The Director shall conduct a study or support the
    development of a study by a qualified independent organization as
    determined by the Director, on artificial intelligence research
    capacity at United States institutions of higher education.
        (b) Study Contents.--The Director shall ensure that, at a minimum,
    the study under subsection (a) addresses the following topics:
                (1) Which universities are putting out significant peer-
            reviewed artificial intelligence research, including based on
            quantity and number of citations.
                (2) For each of the universities described in paragraph
            (1), what specific factors enable their AI research, including
            computing power, data set availability, specialized curriculum,
            faculty and graduate students, sources of Federal and non-
            Federal research funding, and industry and other partnerships.
                (3) Promising practices at universities described in
            paragraph (1) for advancing diversity, equity, and inclusion in
            AI research programs.
                (4) Geographic diversity across the country of universities
            with the factors identified in paragraph (2).
                (5) How universities not included in paragraph (1) could
            implement the factors in paragraph (2) to produce AI research,
            as well as case studies that universities can look to as
            examples and potential pilot programs that the Federal
            Government could develop or support to help universities
            produce AI research.
        (c) Workshops.--The Director may support workshops to help inform
    the study required under this subsection.
        (d) Publication.--The Director shall ensure that the study carried
    out under this subsection is made publicly available not later than 12
    months after the date of enactment of this Act.
        (e) Avoid Duplication.--The Director shall ensure that the
    activities carried out under this section are not duplicative of
    activities supported by other parts of the Foundation or other relevant
    Federal agencies, including but not limited to the activities of the
    National AI Research Resource Task Force.

    SEC. 10361. ADVANCING IOT FOR PRECISION AGRICULTURE CAPABILITIES ACT.

        (a) Short Title.--This section may be cited as the ``Advancing IoT
    for Precision Agriculture Act of 2021''.
        (b) Purpose.--It is the purpose of this section to promote
    scientific research and development opportunities for connected
    technologies that advance precision agriculture capabilities.
        (c) Foundation Directive on Agricultural Sensor Research.--In
    making awards under the sensor systems and networked systems programs
    of the Foundation, the Director shall include in consideration of
    portfolio balance research and development on sensor connectivity in
    environments of intermittent connectivity and intermittent
    computation--
                (1) to improve the reliable use of advance sensing systems
            in rural and agricultural areas; and
                (2) that considers--
                        (A) direct gateway access for locally stored data;
                        (B) attenuation of signal transmission;
                        (C) loss of signal transmission; and
                        (D) at-scale performance for wireless power.
        (d) Updating Considerations for Precision Agriculture Technology
    Within the NSF Advanced Technical Education Program.--Section 3 of the
    Scientific and Advanced-Technology Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 1862i), as
    amended by section 10312, is further amended--
                (1) in subsection (d)(2), by adding at the end the
            following:
                        ``(G) applications that incorporate distance
                    learning tools and approaches.''; and
                (2) in subsection (e)(3)--
                        (A) in subparagraph (C), by striking ``and'' after
                    the semicolon;
                        (B) in subparagraph (D), by striking the period at
                    the end and inserting ``; and''; and
                        (C) by adding at the end the following:
                        ``(E) applications that incorporate distance
                    learning tools and approaches.''.
        (e) GAO Review.--Not later than 18 months after the date of
    enactment of this section, the Comptroller General of the United States
    shall provide--
                (1) a technology assessment of precision agriculture
            technologies, such as the existing use of--
                        (A) sensors, scanners, radio-frequency
                    identification, and related technologies that can
                    monitor soil properties, irrigation conditions, and
                    plant physiology;
                        (B) sensors, scanners, radio-frequency
                    identification, and related technologies that can
                    monitor livestock activity and health;
                        (C) network connectivity and wireless
                    communications that can securely support digital
                    agriculture technologies in rural and remote areas;
                        (D) aerial imagery generated by satellites or
                    unmanned aerial vehicles;
                        (E) ground-based robotics;
                        (F) control systems design and connectivity, such
                    as smart irrigation control systems;
                        (G) Global Positioning System-based applications;
                    and
                        (H) data management software and advanced analytics
                    that can assist decision making and improve
                    agricultural outcomes; and
                (2) a review of Federal programs that provide support for
            precision agriculture research, development, adoption,
            education, or training, in existence on the date of enactment
            of this section.

    SEC. 10362. ASTRONOMY AND SATELLITE CONSTELLATIONS.

        The Director shall support research into and the design,
    development, and testing of mitigation measures to address the
    potential impact of satellite constellations on Foundation scientific
    programs by--
                (1) making awards on a competitive basis to support study
            of the potential impacts of satellite constellations on ground-
            based optical, infrared, and radio astronomy, including through
            existing programs such Spectrum and Wireless Innovation enabled
            by Future Technologies (SWIFT) and the Spectrum Innovation
            Initiative;
                (2) supporting research on potential satellite impacts and
            benefits and mitigation strategies to be carried out at one or
            more Foundation supported Federally Funded Research and
            Development Centers or major multiuser research facilities as
            defined in section 110(g) of the American Innovation and
            Competitiveness Act (42 U.S.C. 1862s-2(g)), as appropriate; and
                (3) supporting workshops related to the potential impact of
            satellite constellations on scientific research and how those
            constellations could be used to improve scientific research.

    SEC. 10363. RESEARCH ON THE IMPACT OF INFLATION.

        (a) In General.--The Director may make awards, on a competitive
    merit-reviewed basis, to institutions of higher education or nonprofit
    organizations (or consortia of such institutions or organizations) to
    support research to improve our understanding of the impact of
    inflation.
        (b) Use of Funds.--Activities funded by an award under this section
    may include--
                (1) measuring the economic impact of inflation on the
            American people, including an analysis of cost-of-living and
            wage impacts;
                (2) considering the impact of inflation on American
            international competitiveness;
                (3) evaluating the impact of inflation on rural and
            underserved communities throughout the country;
                (4) assessing the ways inflation could impact future
            American generations; and
                (5) evaluating the impact of policymaking on inflation,
            including the impact of further Government spending.
        (c) Coordination to Avoid Duplication.--In making awards under this
    section, the Director shall, for purposes of avoiding duplication of
    activities and research, consult, collaborate, and coordinate with the
    programs and policies of other relevant Federal agencies.

    SEC. 10364. MICROGRAVITY UTILIZATION POLICY.

        (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that space
    technology and the utilization of the microgravity environment for
    science, engineering, and technology development is critical to long-
    term competitiveness with near-peer competitors, including China.
        (b) Policy.--To the extent appropriate during an award period, the
    Foundation shall facilitate access by recipients of Foundation awards
    to the microgravity environment, including in private sector platforms,
    for the development of science, engineering, and technology relevant to
    the award.
        (c) Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of
    this Act, the Director shall provide to the appropriate committees of
    Congress a report on the Foundation's plan for facilitating awardee
    access to the microgravity environment.

    SEC. 10365. RECOGNITION OF THE ARECIBO OBSERVATORY.

        (a) Findings.--Congress finds the following:
                (1) The Department of Defense began developing the Arecibo
            Observatory located in Barrio Esperanza, Arecibo, Puerto Rico,
            during the 1950s, and its characteristic instrument, a large
            radio telescope of 305 meters in diameter was completed in
            1963.
                (2) The facility was later owned by the National Science
            Foundation, and supported by the National Aeronautics and Space
            Administration and various university partners.
                (3) The Arecibo Observatory's 305-meter fixed spherical
            radio telescope, was the world's largest single-dish radio
            telescope until the Five-Hundred-Meter Aperture Spherical Radio
            Telescope located in Gizhou, China, began observing in 2016.
                (4) The 305-meter radio telescope made unparalleled
            contributions to the fields of radio astronomy, planetary, and
            atmospheric sciences, and played a role in inspiring thousands
            of students in Puerto Rico, the Nation, and the world to pursue
            careers in STEM fields through the Arecibo Observatory
            Education and Public Outreach Programs.
                (5) The radio telescope significantly advanced the field of
            radio astronomy, including the first indirect detection of
            gravitational waves, the first detection of extrasolar planets,
            innumerable contributions to the field of time domain astronomy
            and the study of the interstellar medium, and played a key role
            in the search for extraterrestrial intelligence.
                (6) The Arecibo Observatory had the best planetary radar
            system in the world, used by the National Aeronautics and Space
            Administration for near-Earth object detection and was an
            essential part of the agency's planetary defense program.
                (7) The planetary radar at the Arecibo Observatory has
            contributed fundamentally and significantly to the knowledge of
            the solar system.
                (8) The Arecibo Observatory's Incoherent Scatter Radar and
            supporting facilities have provided fundamental understanding
            of the ionosphere and upper atmosphere, and the interface
            between the atmosphere and space that protects the planet from
            solar wind, meteors, and other potential threats.
                (9) December 1, 2021, marks the 1-year anniversary of the
            uncontrolled collapse sustained by the radio telescope after a
            series of cable failures in tower 4.
        (b) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that the
    Congress--
                (1) acknowledges the loss of the Arecibo Observatory's
            radio telescope due to its collapse and its implications for
            the loss of a unique world-class multidisciplinary science
            facility which conducted research in the areas of space and
            atmospheric sciences, radar astronomy and planetary sciences,
            astronomy, and astrophysics;
                (2) acknowledges that the uncontrolled collapse of the 305-
            meter radio telescope represents a loss of astronomical
            observation capabilities, scientific research and development,
            planetary defense capabilities, and applied science
            capabilities for the United States;
                (3) recognizes the rich scientific, educational, and
            economic benefits that the Arecibo Telescope has made to the
            people of Puerto Rico, the Nation, and the world;
                (4) recognizes the work and contributions made by the
            thousands of dedicated staff who have supported the Arecibo
            Observatory for close to 6 decades;
                (5) commends the National Science Foundation for convening
            a virtual workshop in June 2021, to explore ideas for future
            scientific and educational activities at the Arecibo
            Observatory; and
                (6) encourages the National Science Foundation, in
            consultation with other Federal agencies, to explore
            opportunities for strengthening and expanding the role of the
            Arecibo Observatory in Puerto Rico through education, outreach,
            and diversity programs, and future research capabilities and
            technology at the site.

                      Subtitle F--Research Infrastructure

    SEC. 10371. FACILITY OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE.

        (a) In General.--The Director shall continue the Facility Operation
    Transition pilot program for a total of 5 years.
        (b) Cost Sharing.--The Facility Operation Transition program shall
    provide funding for 10 to 50 percent of the operations and maintenance
    costs for major research facilities that are within the first five
    years of operation, where the share is determined based on--
                (1) the operations and maintenance costs of the major
            research facility; and
                (2) the capacity of the managing directorate or division to
            absorb such costs.
        (c) Report.--After the fifth year of the pilot program, the
    Director shall transmit a report to Congress that includes--
                (1) an assessment, that includes feedback from the research
            community, of the effectiveness of the pilot program for--
                        (A) supporting research directorates and divisions
                    in balancing investments in research grants and funding
                    for the initial operation and maintenance of major
                    facilities;
                        (B) incentivizing the development of new world-
                    class facilities;
                        (C) facilitating interagency and international
                    partnerships;
                        (D) funding core elements of multi-disciplinary
                    facilities; and
                        (E) supporting facility divestment costs; and
                (2) if deemed effective, a plan for permanent
            implementation of the pilot program.

    SEC. 10372. REVIEWS.

        The Director shall periodically carry out reviews within each of
    the directorates and divisions to assess the cost and benefits of
    extending the operations of research facilities that have exceeded
    their planned operational lifespan.

    SEC. 10373. HELIUM CONSERVATION.

        (a) Major Research Instrumentation Support.--
                (1) In general.--The Director shall support, through the
            Major Research Instrumentation program, proposal requests that
            include the purchase, installation, operation, and maintenance
            of equipment and instrumentation to reduce consumption of
            helium.
                (2) Cost sharing.--The Director may waive the cost-sharing
            requirement for helium conservation measures for non-Ph.D.-
            granting institutions of higher education and Ph.D.-granting
            institutions of higher education that are not ranked among the
            top 100 institutions receiving Federal research and development
            funding, as documented by the National Center for Science and
            Engineering Statistics.
        (b) Annual Report.--No later than 1 year after the date of
    enactment of this Act and annually for the subsequent two years, the
    Director shall submit an annual report to Congress on the use of
    funding awarded by the Foundation for the purchase and conservation of
    helium. The report should include--
                (1) the volume and price of helium purchased;
                (2) changes in pricing and availability of helium; and
                (3) any supply disruptions impacting a substantial number
            of institutions.

    SEC. 10374. ADVANCED COMPUTING.

        (a) Computing Needs.--To gather information about the computational
    needs of Foundation-funded projects, the Director shall require award
    proposals submitted to the Foundation, as appropriate, to include
    estimates of computational resource needs for projects that require use
    of advanced computing. The Director shall encourage and provide access
    to tools that facilitate the inclusion of these measures, including
    those identified in the 2016 National Academies report entitled
    ``Future Directions for NSF Advanced Computing Infrastructure to
    Support U.S. Science and Engineering in 2017-2020''.
        (b) Reports.--The Director shall document and publish every two
    years a summary of the amount and types of advanced computing
    capabilities that are needed to fully meet the Foundation's project
    needs as identified under subsection (a).
        (c) Roadmap.--To set priorities and guide strategic decisions
    regarding investments in advanced computing capabilities, the Director
    shall develop, publish, and regularly update a 5-year advanced
    computing roadmap that--
                (1) describes the advanced computing resources and
            capabilities that would fully meet anticipated project needs,
            including through investments in the Mid-Scale Research
            Infrastructure program and the Major Research Equipment and
            Facilities Construction account;
                (2) draws on community input, information contained in
            research proposals, allocation requests, insights from
            Foundation-funded cyber-infrastructure operators, and
            Foundation-wide information gathering regarding community
            needs;
                (3) considers computational needs of planned major
            facilities;
                (4) reflects anticipated technology trends;
                (5) informs users and potential partners about future
            facilities and services;
                (6) addresses the needs of groups historically
            underrepresented in STEM and geographic regions with low
            availability and high demand for advanced computing resources;
                (7) considers how Foundation-supported advanced computing
            capabilities can be leveraged for activities through the
            Directorate for Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships; and
                (8) provides an update to Congress about the level of
            funding necessary to fully meet computational resource needs
            for the research community.
        (d) Securing American Research From Cyber Theft.--
                (1) Networking and information technology research and
            development update.--Section 101(a)(1) of the High-Performance
            Computing Act of 1991 (15 U.S.C. 5511) is amended--
                        (A) by moving the margins of subparagraph (D) and
                    each of subparagraphs (J) through (O) two ems to the
                    left;
                        (B) by redesignating subparagraphs (J) through (O)
                    as subparagraphs (K) through (P), respectively; and
                        (C) by inserting after subparagraph (I) the
                    following:
                        ``(J) provide for improving the security,
                    reliability, and resiliency of computing and networking
                    systems used by institutions of higher education and
                    other nonprofit research institutions for the
                    processing, storage and transmission of sensitive
                    federally funded research and associated data;''.
                (2) Computing enclave pilot program.--
                        (A) In general.--The Director, in consultation with
                    the Director of the National Institute of Standards and
                    Technology and the Secretary of Energy, and the heads
                    of other relevant Federal departments and agencies,
                    shall establish a pilot program to make awards to
                    ensure the security of federally supported research
                    data and to assist regional institutions of higher
                    education and their researchers in compliance with
                    regulations regarding the safeguarding of sensitive
                    information and other relevant regulations and Federal
                    guidelines.
                        (B) Structure.--In carrying out the pilot program
                    established pursuant to subparagraph (A), the Director
                    shall select, for the development, installation,
                    maintenance, or sustainment of secure computing
                    enclaves, three institutions of higher education that
                    have an established graduate student program and a
                    demonstrated history of working with secure
                    information, consistent with appropriate security
                    protocols.
                        (C) Regionalization.--
                                (i) In general.--In selecting universities
                            pursuant to subparagraph (B), the Director
                            shall give preference to institutions of higher
                            education with the capability of serving other
                            regional universities.
                                (ii) Geographic dispersal.--The enclaves
                            should be geographically dispersed to better
                            meet the needs of regional interests.
                        (D) Program elements.--The Director shall work with
                    institutions of higher education selected pursuant to
                    subparagraph (B) to--
                                (i) develop an approved design blueprint
                            for compliance with Federal data protection
                            protocols;
                                (ii) develop a comprehensive and
                            confidential list, or a bill of materials, of
                            each binary component of the software,
                            firmware, or product that is required to deploy
                            additional secure computing enclaves;
                                (iii) develop templates for all policies
                            and procedures required to operate the secure
                            computing enclave in a research setting;
                                (iv) develop a system security plan
                            template; and
                                (v) develop a process for managing a plan
                            of action and milestones for the secure
                            computing enclave.
                        (E) Sustainability.--In reviewing applications for
                    awards, the Director shall review and consider plans
                    and prospects of the applicant institution of higher
                    education to ensure long-term sustainability of the
                    computing enclave, beyond the availability of Federal
                    funds.
                        (F) Duration.--Subject to other availability of
                    appropriations, the pilot program established pursuant
                    to subparagraph (A) shall operate for not less than 3
                    years.
                        (G) Report.--
                                (i) In general.--The Director shall report
                            to Congress not later than 6 months after the
                            completion of the pilot program under
                            subparagraph (A).
                                (ii) Contents.--The report required under
                            clause (i) shall include--
                                        (I) an assessment of the pilot
                                    program under subparagraph (A),
                                    including an assessment of the security
                                    benefits provided by such secure
                                    computing enclaves;
                                        (II) recommendations related to the
                                    value of expanding the network of
                                    secure computing enclaves; and
                                        (III) recommendations on the
                                    efficacy of the use of secure computing
                                    enclaves by other Federal agencies in a
                                    broader effort to expand security of
                                    Federal research.
                        (H) Authorization of appropriations.--There is
                    authorized to be appropriated to the Director,
                    $38,000,000 for fiscal years 2023 through 2025, to
                    carry out the activities outlined in this paragraph.

    SEC. 10375. NATIONAL SECURE DATA SERVICE.

        (a) In General.--The Director, in consultation with the Director of
    the Office of Management and Budget and the interagency committee
    established under section 5103 of the National Artificial Intelligence
    Initiative Act of 2020 (15 U.S.C. 9415), shall establish a
    demonstration project to develop, refine, and test models to inform the
    full implementation of the Commission on Evidence-Based Policymaking
    recommendation for a governmentwide data linkage and access
    infrastructure for statistical activities conducted for statistical
    purposes, as defined in chapter 35 of title 44, United States Code.
        (b) Establishment.--Not later than one year after the date of
    enactment of this Act, the Director shall establish a National Secure
    Data Service demonstration project. The National Secure Data Service
    demonstration project shall be--
                (1) aligned with the principles, best practices, and
            priority actions recommended by the Advisory Committee on Data
            for Evidence Building, to the extent feasible; and
                (2) operated directly by or via a contract that is managed
            by the National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics.
        (c) Data.--In carrying out this section, the Director shall engage
    with Federal and State agencies to collect, acquire, analyze, report,
    and disseminate statistical data in the United States and other nations
    to support governmentwide evidence-building activities consistent with
    the Foundations for Evidence-Based Policymaking Act of 2018.
        (d) Voluntary Participation.--Participation in the National Secure
    Data Service demonstration project by Federal and State agencies shall
    be voluntary.
        (e) Privacy and Confidentiality Protections.--If the Director
    issues a management contract under subsection (b), the recipient shall
    be designated as an ``agent'' under subchapter III of chapter 35 of
    title 44, United States Code, with all requirements and obligations for
    protecting confidential information delineated in the Confidential
    Information Protection and Statistical Efficiency Act of 2018 and the
    Privacy Act of 1974.
        (f) Technology and Privacy Standards.--In carrying out this
    subsection, the Director shall--
                (1) consider application and use only of systems and
            technologies that incorporate protection measures to reasonably
            ensure confidential data and statistical products are protected
            in accordance with obligations under subchapter III of chapter
            35 of title 44, United States Code, including systems and
            technologies that ensure--
                        (A) raw data and other sensitive inputs are not
                    accessible to recipients of statistical outputs from
                    the National Secure Data Service demonstration project;
                        (B) no individual entity's data or information is
                    revealed by the National Secure Data Service
                    demonstration project platform to any other party in an
                    identifiable form;
                        (C) no information about the data assets used in
                    the National Secure Data Service demonstration project
                    is revealed to any other party, except as incorporated
                    into the final statistical output;
                        (D) the National Secure Data Service demonstration
                    project permits only authorized analysts to perform
                    statistical queries necessary to answer approved
                    project questions, and prohibits any other queries; and
                        (E) the National Secure Data Service demonstration
                    project conducts privacy risk assessments to minimize
                    the privacy risks to individual entities whose data has
                    been made available by a reporting entity, including
                    those privacy risks that could result from data
                    breaches of any system operated by the reporting
                    entity, as well as for determining approved project
                    questions under subparagraph (D) to minimize the
                    privacy risks to individuals affected by uses of the
                    statistical output; and
                (2) the National Secure Data Service demonstration project
            shall implement reasonable measures commensurate with the risks
            to individuals' privacy to achieve the outcomes under
            subparagraphs (A) through (E) of paragraph (1), which may
            include the appropriate application of privacy-enhancing
            technologies and appropriate measures to minimize or prevent
            reidentification risks consistent with any applicable guidance
            or regulations issued under subchapter III of chapter 35 of
            title 44, United States Code.
        (g) Transparency.--The National Secure Data Service established
    under subsection (b) shall maintain a public website with up-to-date
    information on supported projects.
        (h) Report.--Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of
    this Act, the National Secure Data Service demonstration project
    established under subsection (b) shall submit a report to Congress that
    includes--
                (1) a description of policies for protecting data,
            consistent with applicable Federal law;
                (2) a comprehensive description of all completed or active
            data linkage activities and projects;
                (3) an assessment of the effectiveness of the demonstration
            project for mitigating risks and removing barriers to a
            sustained implementation of the National Secure Data Service as
            recommended by the Commission on Evidence-Based Policymaking;
            and
                (4) if deemed effective by the Director, a plan for scaling
            up the demonstration project to facilitate data access for
            evidence building while ensuring transparency and privacy.
        (i) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be
    appropriated to the Director to carry out this subsection $9,000,000
    for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027.

      Subtitle G--Directorate for Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships

    SEC. 10381. ESTABLISHMENT.

        There is established within the Foundation the Directorate for
    Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships to advance research and
    development, technology development, and related solutions to address
    United States societal, national, and geostrategic challenges, for the
    benefit of all Americans.

    SEC. 10382. PURPOSES.

        The purposes of the Directorate established under section 10381 are
    to--
                (1) support use-inspired and translational research and
            accelerate the development and use of federally funded
            research;
                (2) strengthen United States competitiveness by
            accelerating the development of key technologies; and
                (3) grow the domestic workforce in key technology focus
            areas, and expand the participation of United States students
            and researchers in areas of societal, national, and
            geostrategic importance, at all levels of education.

    SEC. 10383. ACTIVITIES.

        Subject to the availability of appropriated funds, the Director
    shall achieve the purposes described in section 10382 by making awards
    through the Directorate that--
                (1) support transformational advances in use-inspired and
            translational research and technology development, including
            through diverse funding mechanisms and models at different
            scales, to include convergence accelerators and projects
            designed to achieve specific technology metrics or objectives;
                (2) encourage the translation of research into innovations,
            processes, and products, including by--
                        (A) engaging researchers on topics relevant to
                    United States societal, national, and geostrategic
                    challenges, including by educating researchers on
                    engaging with end users and the public;
                        (B) advancing novel approaches and reducing
                    barriers to technology transfer, including through
                    intellectual property frameworks between academia and
                    industry, nonprofit entities, venture capital
                    communities, and approaches to technology transfer for
                    applications with public benefit that may not rely on
                    traditional commercialization tools; and
                        (C) establishing partnerships that connect
                    researchers and research products to businesses,
                    accelerators, and incubators that enable research
                    uptake, prototype development and scaling,
                    entrepreneurial education, and the formation and growth
                    of new companies;
                (3) develop mutually-beneficial research and technology
            development partnerships and collaborations among institutions
            of higher education, including historically Black colleges and
            universities, Tribal Colleges or Universities, minority-serving
            institutions, emerging research institutions, EPSCoR
            institutions, and nonprofit organizations, labor organizations,
            businesses and other for-profit entities, Federal or State
            agencies, local or Tribal governments, civil society
            organizations, other Foundation directorates, national labs,
            field stations and marine laboratories, and, as appropriate,
            international entities and binational research and development
            foundations and funds, excluding foreign entities of concern;
                (4) partner with other directorates and offices of the
            Foundation for specific projects or research areas including--
                        (A) to pursue basic questions about natural, human,
                    and physical phenomena that could enable advances in
                    the challenges and key technology focus areas under
                    section 10387;
                        (B) to study questions that could affect the design
                    (including human interfaces), safety, security,
                    operation, deployment, or the social and ethical
                    consequences of technologies and innovations in the
                    challenges and key technology focus areas under section
                    10387, including the development of technologies and
                    innovations that complement or enhance the abilities of
                    workers and impact of specific innovations on domestic
                    jobs and equitable opportunity; and
                        (C) to further the creation of a domestic workforce
                    capable of advancing, using, and adapting to the key
                    technology focus areas;
                (5) build capacity and infrastructure for use-inspired and
            translational research at institutions of higher education
            across the United States, including by making awards to support
            administrative activities that advance development, operation,
            integration, deployment, and sharing of innovation;
                (6) support the education, mentoring, and training of
            undergraduate students, graduate students, and postdoctoral
            researchers, to both advance use-inspired and translational
            research and to address workforce challenges, through
            scholarships, fellowships, and traineeships; and
                (7) identify social, behavioral, and economic drivers and
            consequences of technological innovations that could enable
            advances in the challenges and key technology focus areas under
            section 10387.

    SEC. 10384. REQUIREMENTS.

        In carrying out the activities under the Directorate, the Director
    shall ensure the programmatic work of the Directorate and Foundation--
                (1) utilizes the full potential of the United States
            workforce by avoiding undue geographic concentration of
            research and development and education funding across the
            United States, and encourages broader participation in the key
            technology focus area workforce by populations historically
            underrepresented in STEM; and
                (2) incorporates a worker perspective through participation
            by labor organizations and workforce training organizations.

    SEC. 10385. ASSISTANT DIRECTOR.

        (a) In General.--The Director shall appoint an Assistant Director
    responsible for the management of the Directorate established under
    this subtitle, in the same manner as other Assistant Directors of the
    Foundation are appointed.
        (b) Qualifications.--The Assistant Director shall be an individual,
    who by reason of professional background and experience, is specially
    qualified to--
                (1) advise the Director on all matters pertaining to use-
            inspired and translational research, development, and
            commercialization at the Foundation, including partnership with
            the private sector and other users of Foundation funded
            research; and
                (2) develop and implement the necessary policies and
            procedures to promote a culture of use-inspired and
            translational research within the Directorate and across the
            Foundation and carry out the responsibilities under subsection
            (c).
        (c) Responsibilities.--The responsibilities of the Assistant
    Director shall include--
                (1) advising the Director on all matters pertaining to use-
            inspired and translational research and development activities
            at the Foundation, including effective practices for
            convergence research, and the potential impact of Foundation
            research on United States societal, national and geostrategic
            challenges;
                (2) identifying opportunities for and facilitating
            coordination and collaboration, where appropriate, on use-
            inspired and translational research, development, adoption, and
            commercialization--
                        (A) among the offices, directorates, and divisions
                    within the Foundation; and
                        (B) between the Foundation and stakeholders in
                    academia, the private sector, including non-profit
                    entities, labor organizations, Federal or State
                    agencies, and international entities, as appropriate;
                (3) ensuring that the activities carried out under this
            subtitle do not substantially and unnecessarily duplicate
            activities supported by other parts of the Foundation or other
            relevant Federal agencies;
                (4) approving all new programs within the Directorate;
                (5) developing and testing diverse merit-review models and
            mechanisms for selecting and providing awards for use-inspired
            and translational research and development at different scales,
            from individual investigator awards to large multi-institution
            collaborations;
                (6) assessing the success of programs;
                (7) administering awards to achieve the purposes described
            in section 10382; and
                (8) performing other such duties pertaining to the purposes
            in section 10382 as are required by the Director.
        (d) Relationship to the Director.--The Assistant Director shall
    report to the Director.
        (e) Relationship to Other Programs.--No other directorate within
    the Foundation shall report to the Assistant Director.

    SEC. 10386. ADVISORY COMMITTEE.

        (a) In General.--In accordance with the Federal Advisory Committee
    Act (5 U.S.C. App.) the Director shall establish an advisory committee
    to assess, and make recommendations regarding, the activities carried
    out under this subtitle.
        (b) Membership.--The advisory committee members shall--
                (1) be individuals with relevant experience or expertise,
            including individuals from industry and national labs,
            educators, academic subject matter experts, including
            individuals with knowledge of key technology focus areas and
            their impact on United States national security and
            geostrategic leadership, the technical and social dimensions of
            science and technology, technology transfer experts, labor
            organizations, representatives of civil society, and other
            nongovernmental organizations; and
                (2) consist of at least 10 members broadly representative
            of stakeholders, including no less than 3 members from the
            private sector, none of whom shall be an employee of the
            Federal Government, and no less than 1 member with significant
            expertise in United States national security and economic
            competitiveness.
        (c) Responsibilities.--The Committee's responsibilities shall
    include--
                (1) reviewing and advising on activities carried out under
            this subtitle;
                (2) proposing strategies for fulfilling the purposes in
            section 10382;
                (3) proposing potential areas of research, particularly as
            relevant to United States societal, national, and geostrategic
            challenges; and
                (4) other relevant issues as determined by the Director.

    SEC. 10387. CHALLENGES AND FOCUS AREAS.

        (a) In General.--In consultation with the Assistant Director, the
    Board, and the interagency working group established under subtitle F
    of title VI, the Director shall identify, and annually review and
    update as appropriate, a list of--
                (1) not more than 5 United States societal, national, and
            geostrategic challenges that may be addressed by technology to
            guide activities under this subtitle; and
                (2) not more than 10 key technology focus areas to guide
            activities under this subtitle.
        (b) Initial List of Societal, National, and Geostrategic
    Challenges.--The initial list of societal, national, and geostrategic
    challenges are the following:
                (1) United States national security.
                (2) United States manufacturing and industrial
            productivity.
                (3) United States workforce development and skills gaps.
                (4) Climate change and environmental sustainability.
                (5) Inequitable access to education, opportunity, or other
            services.
        (c) Initial List of Key Technology Focus Areas.--The initial list
    of key technology focus areas are the following:
                (1) Artificial intelligence, machine learning, autonomy,
            and related advances.
                (2) High performance computing, semiconductors, and
            advanced computer hardware and software.
                (3) Quantum information science and technology.
                (4) Robotics, automation, and advanced manufacturing.
                (5) Natural and anthropogenic disaster prevention or
            mitigation.
                (6) Advanced communications technology and immersive
            technology.
                (7) Biotechnology, medical technology, genomics, and
            synthetic biology.
                (8) Data storage, data management, distributed ledger
            technologies, and cybersecurity, including biometrics.
                (9) Advanced energy and industrial efficiency technologies,
            such as batteries and advanced nuclear technologies, including
            but not limited to for the purposes of electric generation
            (consistent with section 15 of the National Science Foundation
            Act of 1950 (42 U.S.C. 1874).
                (10) Advanced materials science, including composites 2D
            materials, other next-generation materials, and related
            manufacturing technologies.
        (d) Relationship Between United States Societal, National, and
    Geostrategic Challenges and Key Technology Focus Areas.--
                (1) In updating the list under subsection (a)(1), the
            Director shall evaluate national and global technology trends.
                (2) In updating the list under subsection (a)(2), the
            Director shall consider the impact of the selected technologies
            on United States societal, national, and geostrategic
            challenges.
                (3) The list under subsection (a)(2) may, but is not
            required to, align directly with the list under subsection
            (a)(1).
                (4) Nothing under this section shall prevent the Director
            from making limited investments in technologies or areas not
            identified in subsection (a)(1) or subsection (a)(2).
        (e) Review and Updates.--The Director, in coordination with the
    interagency working group established under subtitle F of title VI and
    in consultation with the Director of National Intelligence and the
    Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, shall annually review
    and update as appropriate, the list of key technology focus areas for
    purposes of this division. As part of the annual review, the Director--
                (1) shall consider input from relevant industries and
            stakeholders;
                (2) may consider the challenges and recommendations
            identified in the reports required by sections 206 and 206B of
            the National Science and Technology Policy, Organization, and
            Priorities Act of 1976, as added by section 10611 and 10613 of
            this division and in other relevant reports, such as technology
            and global trend reports from the defense and intelligence
            communities;
                (3) shall consider the potential impact of the key
            technology focus areas on addressing societal, national, and
            geostrategic challenges; and
                (4) subject to the limitation under subsection (a), may add
            or delete key technology focus areas in light of shifting
            national needs or competitive threats to the United States
            (including for reasons of the United States or other countries
            having advanced or fallen behind in a technological area).
        (f) Reporting.--At the conclusion of the annual review and update
    process required by subsection (e), the Director, in consultation with
    other Federal research agencies, as appropriate, shall deliver a report
    to Congress detailing--
                (1) the key technology focus areas and rationale for their
            selection;
                (2) the societal, national, and geostrategic challenges and
            rationale for their selection;
                (3) the role of the Foundation in advancing the key
            technology focus areas;
                (4) the impact, including to the academic research
            community, of any changes to the key technology focus areas;
            and
                (5) the activities and partnerships between the Directorate
            and the private sector.
        (g) Detailed Description.--The National Science Foundation shall,
    in coordination with the Office of Management and Budget, submit as
    part of their annual budget requests to Congress, a detailed
    description of the activities to be funded under this subtitle,
    including an explanation of how the requested funding is complementary
    and not redundant of programs, efforts, and infrastructure undertaken
    or supported by other relevant Federal agencies.
        (h) National Academies.--Not later than 5 years after the date of
    enactment of this Act, the Director shall contract with the National
    Academies to conduct a review of the key technology focus areas and the
    societal, national, and geostrategic challenges, including--
                (1) an assessment of their selection process;
                (2) an assessment of their relevance to the purposes of the
            Directorate, including to solving challenges with social,
            economic, health, scientific, and national security
            implications;
                (3) a review of whether Federal investment in the key
            technology focus areas have resulted in new domestic
            manufacturing capacity and job creation;
                (4) an assessment of any critical, new emerging areas;
                (5) an assessment of Federal investments in education and
            workforce development to support the key technology focus
            areas; and
                (6) an assessment of relative balance in leadership in
            addressing the key technology focus areas between the United
            States, allied and partner countries, and the People's Republic
            of China.

    SEC. 10388. REGIONAL INNOVATION ENGINES.

        (a) In General.--From amounts made available to the Directorate,
    the Director shall make awards to eligible entities for the planning,
    establishment, and support of Regional Innovation Engines.
        (b) Purpose.--The purpose of the Regional Innovation Engines shall
    be to--
                (1) advance multidisciplinary, collaborative, use-inspired
            and translational research, technology development, in key
            technology focus areas;
                (2) address regional, national, societal, or geostrategic
            challenges;
                (3) leverage the expertise of multi-disciplinary and multi-
            sector partners, including partners from private industry,
            nonprofit organizations, and civil society organizations; and
                (4) support the development of scientific, innovation,
            entrepreneurial, and STEM educational capacity within the
            region of the Regional Innovation Engine to grow and sustain
            regional innovation.
        (c) Uses of Funds.--Funds awarded under this section may be used by
    a Regional Innovation Engine to--
                (1) conduct use-inspired and translational research and
            technology development to advance innovation in at least one of
            the key technology focus areas and to help solve a compelling
            regional, national, societal, or geostrategic challenge;
                (2) further the development, adoption, and
            commercialization of innovations in key technology focus areas,
            including through support for proof-of-concept development, and
            through partnership with other Federal agencies and Federal
            laboratories, industry, including startup companies, labor
            organizations, civil society organizations, and State,
            territorial, local, and Tribal governments;
                (3) develop and manage, or facilitate access to, test beds
            and instrumentation, which may include fabrication facilities
            and cyberinfrastructure, to advance the development,
            integration, and demonstration of new, innovative technologies,
            including hardware or software;
                (4) establish traineeship programs for graduate students
            who pursue degrees and research related to the key technology
            focus areas leading to a masters or doctorate degree by
            providing funding and other assistance, and opportunities for
            research experiences in government or industry related to the
            students' studies;
                (5) engage in outreach and engagement in the region to
            broaden participation in the activities of the Regional
            Innovation Engine; and
                (6) reimburse, in part or in whole, the cost of
            instrumentation, technology transfer, and commercialization
            activities, including patenting and licensing, and for
            operations and staff, as the Director determines appropriate.
        (d) Selection Process.--In making awards under this subtitle, the
    Director shall consider, in addition to the scientific and technical
    merit of the proposal, the extent to which the activities and locations
    proposed--
                (1) have the potential to create an innovation ecosystem,
            or enhance existing ecosystems and contribute to job creation
            in a region;
                (2) demonstrate a capacity to engage and partner with
            multiple types of institutions of higher education, industry,
            labor, nonprofit organizations, civil society organizations,
            other Federal agencies, Federal laboratories, State, local, and
            Tribal governments, and other appropriate organizations,
            including to inform research directions and account for
            ethical, societal, safety, and security implications relevant
            to the potential applications of the research;
                (3) demonstrate a capacity to broaden participation of
            populations historically underrepresented in STEM in the
            activities of the Regional Innovation Engine; and
                (4) demonstrate a plan and capability to prevent the
            inappropriate use or dissemination of the research and
            technology, including research results, data, and intellectual
            property, as appropriate and consistent with the requirements
            of the relevant award.
        (e) Requirements.--
                (1) Eligibility.--For the purposes of this section, an
            ``eligible entity'' means an institution of higher education, a
            nonprofit organization, a private sector entity, or a
            consortium thereof.
                (2) Partnerships.--To be eligible for an award under this
            section an eligible entity--
                        (A) shall include in its proposal partnership with
                    1 or more institution that is--
                                (i) a historically Black college or
                            university;
                                (ii) a Tribal College or University;
                                (iii) a minority-serving institution;
                                (iv) an EPSCoR institution;
                                (v) an emerging research institution; or
                                (vi) a community college;
                        (B) may include partnership with 1 or more--
                                (i) additional entities described in
                            paragraph (2)(A);
                                (ii) industry entities, including startups,
                            small businesses, and public-private
                            partnerships;
                                (iii) economic development organizations or
                            venture development organizations, as such
                            terms are defined in section 28(a) of the
                            Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of
                            1980 (15 U.S.C. 13701 et seq.), as added by
                            section 10621 of this division;
                                (iv) National Laboratories;
                                (v) Federal laboratories, as defined in
                            section 4 of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology
                            Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3703);
                                (vi) Federal research facilities;
                                (vii) labor organizations;
                                (viii) entities described in paragraph (1)
                            or (2) from allied or partner countries;
                                (ix) other entities to be vital to the
                            success of the program, as determined by the
                            Director;
                                (x) binational research and development
                            foundations and funds, excluding those
                            affiliated with foreign entities of concern, as
                            defined in section 10612; and
                                (xi) Engineer Research and Development
                            Center laboratories of the Army Corps of
                            Engineers; and
                        (C) shall include as part of its proposal a plan
                    for--
                                (i) establishing a sustained partnership
                            that is jointly developed and managed, draws
                            from the capacities of each institution, and is
                            mutually beneficial; and
                                (ii) documents governance and management
                            plans, financial contributions from non-Federal
                            sources, and plans for ownership and use of any
                            intellectual property.
                (3) Promoting partnerships.--In making awards under this
            section, the Director shall encourage applicants for a Regional
            Innovation Engine that include multiple regional partners as
            described in subsection (e)(2).
                (4) Geographic distribution.--In making awards under this
            section, the Director shall take into consideration the extent
            to which the proposals expand the geographic distribution of
            the Regional Innovation Engines, including by giving special
            consideration to rural-serving institutions of higher
            education.
                (5) Resource availability.--The Director shall ensure that
            any eligible entity receiving an award under this section
            shall--
                        (A) provide information on relevant currently
                    existing resources available to the proposing team from
                    all internal and external sources, including all
                    partner organizations; and
                        (B) include letters of collaboration from partner
                    organizations that include information on resource
                    contributions committed by such partners.
        (f) Collaboration With Regional Technology Hubs.--Each Regional
    Innovation Engine established under this section may collaborate and
    participate in, as appropriate, the activities of any regional
    technology hub designated under section 28 of the Stevenson-Wydler
    Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3701 et seq.), as added by
    section 10621.
        (g) Duration.--
                (1) Initial period.--An award under this section shall be
            for an initial period of 5 years.
                (2) Renewal.--An established Regional Innovation Engine may
            apply for, and the Director may award, extended funding for
            periods of 5 years on a merit-reviewed basis.
        (h) Competitive, Merit-review.--In making awards under this
    section, the Director shall--
                (1) use a competitive, merit review process that includes
            peer review by a diverse group of individuals with relevant
            expertise from both the private and public sectors; and
                (2) ensure the focus areas of the Regional Innovation
            Engines do not substantially and unnecessarily duplicate the
            efforts of any other Regional Innovation Engine or any other
            similar effort at another Federal agency.
        (i) Collaboration.--In making awards under this section, the
    Director may collaborate with Federal departments and agencies whose
    missions contribute to or are affected by the technology focus area of
    the institute.

    SEC. 10389. TRANSLATION ACCELERATOR.

        (a) In General.--The Director shall establish Translation
    Accelerators to further the research, development, and
    commercialization of innovation in the key technology focus areas.
        (b) Partnerships.--
                (1) In general.--Each Translation Accelerator shall be
            comprised of a partnership including 2 or more of the following
            entities:
                        (A) An institution of higher education.
                        (B) A for-profit company.
                        (C) A nonprofit organization.
                        (D) A Federal agency.
                        (E) Another entity, if that entity is determined by
                    the Director to be vital to the success of the program.
                (2) Institutional or organizational level.--The Director
            shall work to ensure that such partnerships exist at the
            institutional or organization level, rather than solely at the
            principal investigator level.
                (3) Cost share.--Not less than 25 percent of the funding
            for an institute shall be provided by non-Federal entities.
                (4) Number of centers and institutes established.--The
            Director shall endeavor to establish a balance in the number of
            Regional Innovation Engines and Translation Accelerators.
        (c) Authorization of Appropriations.--From within funds authorized
    for the Directorate for Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships, there
    are authorized to carry out the activities under this section and
    section 10388 $6,500,000,000 for fiscal years 2023 through 2027.

    SEC. 10390. TEST BEDS.

        (a) Program Authorized.--
                (1) In general.--From amounts made available for the
            Directorate, the Director, in coordination with the Director of
            the National Institute of Standards and Technology, the
            Secretary of Energy, and other Federal agencies, as determined
            appropriate by the Director, shall establish a program in the
            Directorate to make awards, on a competitive basis, to
            institutions of higher education, nonprofit organizations, or
            consortia thereof to establish and operate test beds, which may
            include fabrication facilities and cyberinfrastructure, to
            advance the development, operation, integration, deployment,
            and, as appropriate, demonstration of new, innovative critical
            technologies, which may include hardware or software.
                (2) Coordination.--In establishing new test beds under this
            section, the Director shall ensure coordination with other test
            beds supported by the Foundation or other Federal agencies to
            avoid duplication and maximize the use of Federal resources.
        (b) Proposals.--An applicant for an award under this section shall
    submit a proposal to the Director, at such time, in such manner, and
    containing such information as the Director may reasonably require. The
    proposal shall, at a minimum, describe--
                (1) the technology or technologies that will be the focus
            of the test bed;
                (2) the goals of the work to be done at the test bed;
                (3) how the applicant will assemble a workforce with the
            skills needed to operate the test bed;
                (4) how the applicant will ensure broad access to the test
            bed;
                (5) how the applicant will collaborate with firms in
            critical technologies, including through coordinated research
            and development and funding, to ensure that work in the test
            bed will contribute to the commercial viability of any
            technologies and will include collaboration from industry and
            labor organizations;
                (6) how the applicant will encourage the participation of
            inventors and entrepreneurs and the development of new
            businesses;
                (7) how the applicant will increase participation by
            populations that are underrepresented in STEM;
                (8) how the applicant will demonstrate that the commercial
            viability of any new technologies will support the creation of
            high-quality domestic jobs;
                (9) how the test bed will operate after Federal funding has
            ended;
                (10) how the test bed will disseminate lessons and other
            technical information to United States entities or allied or
            partner country entities in the United States; and
                (11) how the applicant plans to take measures to prevent
            the inappropriate use of research results, data, and
            intellectual property, as applicable and consistent with the
            requirements of the award.
        (c) Authorized Use of Funds.--A recipient of an award under this
    section may, consistent with the purposes of this section, use the
    award for the purchase of equipment and for the support of students,
    faculty and staff, and postdoctoral researchers.
        (d) Geographic Diversity.--In selecting award recipients under this
    section, the Director shall consider the extent to which proposals
    would expand the geographic diversity of test beds.

    SEC. 10391. PLANNING AND CAPACITY BUILDING AWARDS.

        (a) In General.--Under the program established in section 508 of
    the America COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 1862p-2)
    and the activities authorized under this section, from amounts made
    available to the Directorate, the Director, in coordination with other
    Federal agencies as determined appropriate by the Director, shall make
    awards, on a competitive basis, to eligible entities to advance the
    development, adoption, and commercialization of technologies,
    consistent with the purposes of the Directorate under section 10382.
        (b) Eligible Entity.--To be eligible to receive an award under this
    section, an entity shall be--
                (1) an institution of higher education, which may be a
            community college (or a consortium of such institutions);
                (2) a nonprofit organization that is either affiliated with
            an institution of higher education or designed to support
            technology development or entrepreneurship; or
                (3) a consortium that includes--
                        (A) an entity described in paragraph (1) or (2) as
                    the lead award recipient; and
                        (B) one or more additional individuals or entities,
                    which shall be--
                                (i) an economic development organization or
                            similar entity that is focused primarily on
                            improving science, technology, innovation, or
                            entrepreneurship;
                                (ii) an industry organization or firm in a
                            relevant technology or innovation sector;
                                (iii) an industry-experienced executive
                            with entrepreneurship experience that is
                            focused primarily on de-risking technologies
                            from both a scientific and a business
                            perspective; or
                                (iv) an individual or entity with industry
                            and startup expertise, including a mentor
                            network, across relevant technology or
                            innovation sectors.
        (c) Use of Funds.--In addition to activities listed under section
    10383, an eligible entity receiving an award under this section may use
    funds to--
                (1) identify academic research with the potential for
            technology transfer and commercialization, particularly as
            relevant to the purposes of the Directorate under section
            10382;
                (2) ensure the availability of staff, including technology
            transfer professionals, entrepreneurs in residence, and other
            mentors as required to accomplish the purpose of this section;
                (3) help offset the costs of patenting and licensing
            research products, both domestically and internationally;
                (4) revise institution policies, including policies related
            to intellectual property and faculty entrepreneurship, and
            taking other necessary steps to implement relevant best
            practices for academic technology transfer;
                (5) develop local, regional, and national partnerships
            among institutions of higher education and between institutions
            of higher education and private sector entities and other
            relevant organizations, including investors, with the purpose
            of building networks, expertise, and other capacity to identify
            promising research that may have potential market value and
            enable researchers to pursue further development and transfer
            of their ideas into possible commercial or other use;
                (6) develop seminars, courses, and other educational
            opportunities for students, post-doctoral researchers, faculty,
            and other relevant staff at institutions of higher education to
            increase awareness and understanding of entrepreneurship,
            patenting, business planning, research security, and other
            areas relevant to technology transfer, and connect students and
            researchers to relevant resources, including mentors in the
            private sector; and
                (7) create, support, or fund entities or competitions to
            allow entrepreneurial students and faculty to illustrate the
            commercialization potential of their ideas, including through
            venture funds of institution of higher education.
        (d) Limitations on Funding.--
                (1) Awards made under this section shall be at least 3
            years in duration and shall not exceed $1,000,000 per fiscal
            year.
                (2) Awards made under this section shall not support the
            development or operation of capital investment funds.
        (e) Application.--An eligible entity seeking funding under this
    section shall submit an application to the Director at such time, in
    such manner, and containing such information and assurances as such
    Director may require. The application shall include, at a minimum, a
    description of--
                (1) how the eligible entity submitting an application plans
            to sustain the proposed activities beyond the duration of the
            award;
                (2) the steps the applicant will take to enable technology
            transfer and adoption and why such steps are likely to be
            effective;
                (3) how the applicant will encourage the training and
            participation of students and potential entrepreneurs and the
            transition of research results to practice, including the
            development of new businesses;
                (4) as relevant, potential steps to drive economic growth
            in a particular region, by collaborating with industry, venture
            capital entities, non-profit organizations, and State and local
            governments within that region; and
                (5) background information that the Director determines is
            relevant to demonstrate the success of the innovation and
            entrepreneurship support models proposed by the applicant to
            commercialize technologies.
        (f) Collaborative Innovation Resource Center Program.--
                (1) In general.--The Director shall make awards under this
            section to eligible entities to establish collaborative
            innovation resource centers that promote regional technology
            transfer and technology development activities available to
            more than one institution of higher education and to other
            entities in a region.
                (2) Use of funds.--An eligible entity that receives an
            award under this subsection shall use award funds to carry out
            one or more of the following activities, to the benefit of the
            region in which the center is located:
                        (A) Providing start-ups and small business concerns
                    (as defined in section 3 of the Small Business Act (15
                    U.S.C. 632)) within the region with access to
                    facilities, scientific infrastructure, personnel, and
                    other assets as required for technology maturation.
                        (B) Supporting entrepreneurial training for start-
                    up and small business personnel.
                (3) Providing engineering and entrepreneurial experiences
            and hands-on training for students enrolled in participating
            institutions of higher education.
        (g) Reporting on Commercialization Metrics.--The Director shall
    establish--
                (1) metrics related to commercialization for an award under
            this section; and
                (2) a reporting schedule for recipients of such awards that
            takes into account both short- and long-term goals of the
            programs under this section.
        (h) Geographic Diversity.--The Director shall ensure regional and
    geographic diversity in issuing awards under this section.
        (i) Authorization of Appropriations.--From within funds authorized
    for the Directorate for Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships, there
    are authorized to carry out the activities under this section
    $3,100,000,000 for fiscal years 2023 through 2027.

    SEC. 10392. ENTREPRENEURIAL FELLOWSHIPS.

        (a) In General.--The Director, acting through the Directorate for
    Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships, shall award fellowships to
    scientists and engineers to help develop leaders capable of maturing
    promising ideas and technologies from lab to market or other use and
    forge connections between academic research and the government,
    industry, financial sectors, and other end users.
        (b) Application.--An applicant for a fellowship under this section
    shall submit to the Director an application at such time, in such
    manner, and containing such information as the Director may require. At
    a minimum, the Director shall require that applicants--
                (1) have completed a doctoral degree in a STEM field no
            more than 5 years prior to the date of the application, or have
            otherwise demonstrated significant postbaccalaureate scientific
            research experience and are considered early career, according
            to requirements established by the Director; and
                (2) have included in the application a proposal for how the
            fellow will be embedded in a host institution's research
            environment.
        (c) Outreach.--The Director shall conduct program outreach to
    recruit fellowship applicants--
                (1) from diverse research institutions;
                (2) from all regions of the country; and
                (3) from groups historically underrepresented in STEM
            fields.
        (d) Administration Agreements.--The Director may enter into an
    agreement with a qualified third-party entity to administer the
    fellowships, subject to the provisions of this section.
        (e) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be
    appropriated to the Director a total of $125,000,000 for fiscal years
    2023 through 2027, to carry out the activities outlined in this
    section.

    SEC. 10393. SCHOLARSHIPS AND FELLOWSHIPS.

        (a) In General.--The Director, acting through the Directorate,
    shall fund undergraduate scholarships (including at community
    colleges), graduate fellowships and traineeships, and postdoctoral
    awards in the key technology focus areas.
        (b) Implementation.--The Director may carry out subsection (a) by
    making awards--
                (1) directly to students; and
                (2) to institutions of higher education or consortia of
            institutions of higher education, including those institutions
            or consortia involved in operating Regional Innovation Engines
            established under section 10388.
        (c) Broadening Participation.--In carrying out this section, the
    Director shall take steps to increase the participation of populations
    that are underrepresented in STEM, which may include--
                (1) establishing or augmenting programs targeted at
            populations that are underrepresented in STEM;
                (2) supporting traineeships or other relevant programs at
            historically Black colleges and universities, Tribal Colleges
            or Universities, and minority-serving institutions;
                (3) enabling low-income populations to pursue associate,
            undergraduate, or graduate level degrees in STEM;
                (4) addressing current and expected gaps in the
            availability or skills of the STEM workforce, or addressing
            needs of the STEM workforce, including by increasing
            educational capacity at institutions and by prioritizing awards
            to United States citizens, permanent residents, and individuals
            that will grow the domestic workforce; and
                (5) addressing geographic diversity in the STEM workforce.
        (d) Encouraging Innovation.--In carrying out this section, the
    Director shall encourage innovation in graduate education, including
    through encouraging institutions of higher education to offer graduate
    students opportunities to gain experience in industry or Government as
    part of their graduate training, and through support for students in
    professional master's programs related to the key technology focus
    areas or to the societal, national, and geostrategic challenges.
        (e) Areas of Funding Support.--Subject to the availability of funds
    to carry out this section, the Director shall--
                (1) issue--
                        (A) postdoctoral awards,
                        (B) graduate fellowships and traineeships,
                    inclusive of the NSF Research Traineeships and
                    fellowships awarded under the Graduate Research
                    Fellowship Program; and
                        (C) scholarships, including undergraduate
                    scholarships, research experiences, and internships,
                    including--
                                (i) scholarships to attend community
                            colleges; and
                                (ii) research experiences and internships
                            under sections 513, 514, and 515 of the America
                            COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C.
                            1862p-5; 1862p-6; 1862p-7);
                (2) ensure that not less than 10 percent of the funds made
            available to carry out this section are used to support
            additional awards that focus on community college training,
            education, and teaching programs that increase the
            participation of populations that are historically
            underrepresented in STEM, including technical programs through
            programs such as the Advanced Technological Education program;
            and
                (3) if funds remain after carrying out paragraphs (1) and
            (2) make awards to institutions of higher education to enable
            the institutions to fund the development and establishment of
            new or specialized programs of study for graduate,
            undergraduate, or technical college students and the evaluation
            of the effectiveness of those programs of study.
        (f) Low-income Scholarship Program.--
                (1) In general.--The Director shall award scholarships to
            low-income individuals to enable such individuals to pursue
            associate, undergraduate, or graduate level degrees in STEM
            fields.
                (2) Eligibility.--
                        (A) In general.--To be eligible to receive a
                    scholarship under this subsection, an individual--
                                (i) must be a citizen of the United States,
                            a national of the United States (as defined in
                            section 1101(a) of title 8), an alien admitted
                            as a refugee under section 1157 of title 8, or
                            an alien lawfully admitted to the United States
                            for permanent residence;
                                (ii) shall prepare and submit to the
                            Director an application at such time, in such
                            manner, and containing such information as the
                            Director may require; and
                                (iii) shall certify to the Director that
                            the individual intends to use amounts received
                            under the scholarship to enroll or continue
                            enrollment at an institution of higher
                            education (as defined in section 1001(a) of
                            title 20) in order to pursue an associate,
                            undergraduate, or graduate level degree in STEM
                            fields designated by the Director.
                        (B) Ability.--Awards of scholarships under this
                    subsection shall be made by the Director solely on the
                    basis of the ability of the applicant, except that in
                    any case in which 2 or more applicants for scholarships
                    are deemed by the Director to be possessed of
                    substantially equal ability, and there are not
                    sufficient scholarships available to award one to each
                    of such applicants, the available scholarship or
                    scholarships shall be awarded to the applicants in a
                    manner that will tend to result in a geographically
                    wide distribution throughout the United States
                    recipients' places of permanent residence.
                (3) Scholarship amount and renewal.--Section 414(d) of the
            American Competitiveness and Workforce Improvement Act of 1998
            (42 U.S.C. 1869c) is amended in paragraph (3) by--
                        (A) striking ``, except that the Director shall not
                    award a scholarship in an amount exceeding $10,000 per
                    year''; and
                        (B) striking ``4 years'' and inserting ``5 years''.
                (4) Authorization.--Of amounts authorized for the
            Directorate for Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships,
            $100,000,000 shall be authorized to carry out this subsection.
        (g) Existing Programs.--The Director may use or augment existing
    STEM education programs of the Foundation and leverage education or
    entrepreneurial partners to carry out this section.

    SEC. 10394. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT AWARDS.

        (a) In General.--From amounts made available for the Directorate,
    the Director shall make awards, on a competitive basis, for research
    and technology development within the key technology focus areas,
    including investments that advance solutions to the challenges under
    section 10387.
        (b) Purpose.--The purpose of the awards under this section shall be
    to accelerate technological advances and technology adoption in the key
    technology focus areas.
        (c) Recipients.--Recipients of funds under this section may include
    institutions of higher education, research institutions, non-profit
    organizations, private sector entities, consortia, or other entities as
    defined by the Director.
        (d) Metrics.--The Director may set metrics, including goals and
    deadlines, for the development and demonstration of technology as
    determined in the terms of the award, and may use such metrics to
    determine whether an award recipient shall be eligible for continued or
    follow-on funding.
        (e) Short Term Technology Deployment.--The Director shall also make
    awards, including through the SBIR and STTR programs (as defined in
    section 9(e) of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 638(e)), to expedite
    short-term technology deployment within a period of no longer than 24
    months.
        (f) Selection Criteria.--In selecting recipients for an award under
    this section, the Director shall consider, at a minimum--
                (1) the relevance of the project to the challenges and the
            key technology focus areas under section 10387, and the
            potential of the project to result in transformational advances
            for such challenges and the key technology focus areas;
                (2) the current status of similar technology, the limits of
            current practice, and the novelty and risks of the proposed
            project;
                (3) the ethical, societal, safety, and security
            implications relevant to the application of the technology;
                (4) the appropriateness of quantitative goals and metrics
            for evaluating the project and a plan for evaluating those
            metrics; and
                (5) the path for developing and, as appropriate,
            commercializing the technology into products and processes in
            the United States.
        (g) Authorization of Appropriations.--From within funds authorized
    for the Directorate for Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships, there
    are authorized to carry out the activities under this section
    $1,000,000,000 for fiscal years 2023 through 2027.

    SEC. 10395. SCALING INNOVATIONS IN PREK-12 STEM EDUCATION.

        (a) In General.--Taking into consideration the recommendations
    under section 10311(a)(4) of subtitle B, the Director shall make
    awards, on a competitive, merit-reviewed basis, to establish
    multidisciplinary Centers for Transformative Education Research and
    Translation (in this section referred to as ``Centers'') to support
    research and development on widespread and sustained implementation of
    STEM education innovations.
        (b) Eligibility.--The entity seeking an award for a Center under
    this section must be an institution of higher education, a nonprofit
    organization, or a consortium of such institutions or organizations,
    which may include a STEM ecosystem .
        (c) Application.--An eligible entity under subsection (b) seeking
    an award under this section shall submit an application to the Director
    at such time, in such manner, and containing such information as the
    Director may require. The application shall include, at a minimum, a
    description of how the proposed Center will be used to--
                (1) establish partnerships among academic institutions,
            local or State educational agencies, and other relevant
            stakeholders in supporting programs and activities to
            facilitate the widespread and sustained implementation of
            promising, evidence-based STEM education practices, models,
            programs, curriculum, and technologies;
                (2) support enhanced STEM education infrastructure,
            including cyberlearning technologies, to facilitate the
            widespread adoption of promising, evidence-based practices;
                (3) support research and development on scaling practices,
            partnerships, and alternative models to current approaches,
            including approaches sensitive to the unique combinations of
            capabilities, resources, and needs of varying localities,
            educators, and learners;
                (4) include a focus on the learning needs of under-
            resourced schools and learners in low-resource or
            underachieving local educational agencies in urban and rural
            communities and the development of high-quality curriculum that
            engages these learners in the knowledge and practices of STEM
            fields;
                (5) include a focus on the learning needs and unique
            challenges facing students with disabilities;
                (6) support research, development, or education on one or
            more of the key technology focus areas;
                (7) support research and development on scaling practices
            and models to support and sustain highly-qualified STEM
            educators in urban and rural communities; and
                (8) at the discretion of the Director, any other
            requirements recommended in the study commissioned under
            section 10311(a) of subtitle B.
        (d) Additional Considerations.--In making an award under this
    section, the Director may also consider the extent to which the
    proposed Center will--
                (1) leverage existing collaborations, tools, and strategies
            supported by the Foundation, including NSF INCLUDES and the
            Convergence Accelerators;
                (2) support research on and the development and scaling of
            innovative approaches to distance learning and education for
            various student populations;
                (3) support education innovations that leverage new
            technologies or deepen understanding of the impact of
            technology on educational systems; and
                (4) include a commitment from local or State education
            administrators to making the proposed reforms and activities a
            priority.
        (e) Partnership.--In carrying out the program under this section,
    the Director shall explore opportunities to partner with the Department
    of Education, including through jointly funding activities under this
    section.
        (f) Duration.--Each award made under this section shall be for a
    duration of no more than 5 years.
        (g) Annual Meeting.--The Director shall encourage and facilitate an
    annual meeting of the Centers, as appropriate, to foster collaboration
    among the Centers and to further disseminate the results of the
    Centers' supported activities.
        (h) Existing Programs.--The Director may use existing NSF programs
    to establish and execute this section.
        (i) Report.--Not later than 5 years after the date of enactment of
    this Act, the Director shall submit to Congress and make widely
    available to the public a report that includes--
                (1) a description of the focus and proposed goals of each
            Center;
                (2) an assessment, based on a common set of benchmarks and
            tools, of the Centers' success in helping to promote scalable
            solutions in PreK-12 STEM education; and
                (3) any recommendations for administrative and legislative
            action that could optimize the effectiveness of the Centers
            established under this section.

    SEC. 10396. AUTHORITIES.

        In addition to existing authorities available to the Foundation,
    the Director may exercise the following authorities in carrying out the
    activities under this subtitle:
                (1) Awards.--In carrying out this subtitle, the Director
            may provide awards in the form of grants, contracts,
            cooperative agreements, cash prizes, and other transactions.
                (2) Program directors.--
                        (A) Designation.--The Director may designate
                    individuals to serve as program directors for the
                    programs established within the Directorate pursuant to
                    the responsibilities established under subparagraph
                    (B). The Director shall ensure that program directors--
                                (i) have expertise in one or more of the
                            challenges and key technology focus areas under
                            section 10387; and
                                (ii) come from a variety of backgrounds,
                            including industry, and from a variety of
                            institutions of higher education.
                        (B) Responsibilities.--A program director of a
                    program of the Directorate, in consultation with the
                    Assistant Director, shall be responsible for--
                                (i) establishing research and development
                            goals for the program, including through the
                            convening of workshops, conferring with a broad
                            range of stakeholders and outside experts,
                            taking into account relevant expert reports,
                            and publicizing the goals of the program to the
                            public and private sectors;
                                (ii) surveying a wide range of institutions
                            of higher education, nonprofit organizations,
                            and private entities to identify emerging
                            trends in the challenges and key technology
                            focus areas under section 10387, and, as
                            appropriate, soliciting proposals from such
                            entities to conduct research in areas of
                            particular promise that the private sector is
                            the not likely to undertake independently.
                                (iii) facilitating research collaborations
                            in the challenges and key technology focus
                            areas under section 10387, including connecting
                            academic researchers with potential end-users
                            of technology, including industry, labor
                            organizations, nonprofit organizations, civil
                            society organizations, and other relevant
                            organizations;
                                (iv) reviewing applications for projects
                            submitted under section 10394 according to the
                            Merit Review Criteria established by the
                            Director for such projects and described in the
                            Foundation's Proposal and Award Policies and
                            Procedures Guide, and any such additional
                            criteria as determined by the Director; and
                                (v) monitoring the progress of projects
                            supported under the program and taking into
                            account input from relevant experts and
                            stakeholders, recommending program updates as
                            needed.
                        (C) Selection criteria.--Program directors may use
                    diverse merit review models for selection of award
                    recipients under section 10394, including internal
                    review and different models that use peer review.
                        (D) Terms.--Program directors of the Directorate
                    may be appointed by the Director for a limited term,
                    renewable at the discretion of the Director.
                (3) Experts in science and engineering.--
                        (A) Program authorized.--The Foundation may carry
                    out a program of personnel management authority
                    provided under subparagraph (B) in order to facilitate
                    recruitment of eminent experts in science or
                    engineering for research and development projects and
                    to enhance the administration and management of the
                    Foundation.
                        (B) Personnel management authority.--Under the
                    program under subparagraph (A), the Foundation may--
                                (i) without regard to any provision of
                            title 5, United States Code, governing the
                            appointment of employees in the competitive
                            service, appoint individuals to a total of not
                            more than 70 positions in the Foundation, of
                            which not more than 5 such positions may be
                            positions of administration or management of
                            the Foundation;
                                (ii) prescribe the rates of basic pay for
                            positions to which employees are appointed
                            under clause (i)--
                                        (I) in the case of employees
                                    appointed pursuant to clause (i) to any
                                    of 5 positions designated by the
                                    Foundation for purposes of this clause,
                                    at rates not in excess of a rate equal
                                    to 150 percent of the maximum rate of
                                    basic pay authorized for positions at
                                    level I of the Executive Schedule under
                                    section 5312 of title 5, United States
                                    Code; and
                                        (II) in the case of any other
                                    employee appointed pursuant to clause
                                    (i), at rates not in excess of the
                                    maximum rate of basic pay authorized
                                    for senior-level positions under
                                    section 5376 of title 5, United States
                                    Code; and
                                (iii) pay any employee appointed under
                            subparagraph (A), other than an employee
                            appointed to a position designated as described
                            in clause (ii)(I), payments in addition to
                            basic pay within the limit applicable to the
                            employee under subparagraph (D).
                        (C) Limitation on term of appointment.--
                                (i) In general.--Except as provided in
                            clause (ii), the service of an employee under
                            an appointment under subparagraph (B)(i) may
                            not exceed 4 years.
                                (ii) Extension.--The Director may, in the
                            case of a particular employee under the program
                            under subparagraph (A), extend the period to
                            which service is limited under clause (i) by up
                            to 2 years if the Director determines that such
                            action is necessary to promote the efficiency
                            of the Foundation.
                        (D) Maximum amount of additional payments
                    payable.--Notwithstanding any other provision of this
                    subsection or section 5307 of title 5, United States
                    Code, no additional payments may be paid to an employee
                    under subparagraph (B)(iii) in any calendar year if, or
                    to the extent that, the employee's total annual
                    compensation in such calendar year will exceed the
                    maximum amount of total annual compensation payable at
                    the salary set in accordance with section 104 of title
                    3, United States Code.
                (4) Highly qualified experts in needed occupations.--
                        (A) In general.--The Foundation may carry out a
                    program using the authority provided in subparagraph
                    (B) in order to attract highly qualified experts in
                    needed occupations, as determined by the Foundation.
                    Individuals hired by the Director through such
                    authority may include individuals with expertise in
                    business creativity, innovation management, design
                    thinking, entrepreneurship, venture capital, and
                    related fields.
                        (B) Authority.--Under the program, the Foundation
                    may--
                                (i) appoint personnel from outside the
                            civil service and uniformed services (as such
                            terms are defined in section 2101 of title 5,
                            United States Code) to positions in the
                            Foundation without regard to any provision of
                            title 5, United States Code, governing the
                            appointment of employees in the competitive
                            service;
                                (ii) prescribe the rates of basic pay for
                            positions to which employees are appointed
                            under clause (i) at rates not in excess of the
                            maximum rate of basic pay authorized for
                            senior-level positions under section 5376 of
                            title 5, United States Code; and
                                (iii) pay any employee appointed under
                            clause (i) payments in addition to basic pay
                            within the limits applicable to the employee
                            under subparagraph (D).
                        (C) Limitation on term of appointment.--
                                (i) In general.--Except as provided in
                            clause (ii), the service of an employee under
                            an appointment made pursuant to this subsection
                            may not exceed 5 years.
                                (ii) Extension.--The Foundation may, in the
                            case of a particular employee, extend the
                            period to which service is limited under clause
                            (i) by up to 1 additional year if the
                            Foundation determines that such action is
                            necessary to promote the Foundation's national
                            security missions.
                        (D) Limitations on additional payments.--
                                (i) Total amount.--The total amount of the
                            additional payments paid to an employee under
                            this subsection for any 12-month period may not
                            exceed the maximum amount of total compensation
                            payable at the salary set in accordance with
                            section 104 of title, United States Code.
                                (ii) Eligibility for payments.--An employee
                            appointed under this subsection is not eligible
                            for any bonus, monetary award, or other
                            monetary incentive for service, except for
                            payments authorized under this subsection.
                        (E) Limitation on number of highly qualified
                    experts.--The number of highly qualified experts
                    appointed and retained by the Foundation under sub
                    (B)(i) shall not exceed 70 at any time.
                        (F) Savings provisions.--In the event that the
                    Foundation terminates the program under this paragraph,
                    in the case of an employee who, on the day before the
                    termination of the program, is serving in a position
                    pursuant to an appointment under this paragraph--
                                (i) the termination of the program does not
                            terminate the employee's employment in that
                            position before the expiration of the lesser
                            of--
                                        (I) the period for which the
                                    employee was appointed; or
                                        (II) the period to which the
                                    employee's service is limited under
                                    subparagraph (C), including any
                                    extension made under this paragraph
                                    before the termination of the program;
                                    and
                                (ii) the rate of basic pay prescribed for
                            the position under this paragraph may not be
                            reduced as long as the employee continues to
                            serve at an acceptable level of performance in
                            the position without a break in service.
                (5) Additional hiring authority.--To the extent needed to
            carry out the duties under paragraph (1)(A), the Director is
            authorized to utilize hiring authorities under section 3372 of
            title 5, United States Code, to staff the Foundation with
            employees from other Federal agencies, State and local
            governments, Indian Tribes and Tribal organizations,
            institutions of higher education, and other organizations, as
            described in that section, in the same manner and subject to
            the same conditions, that apply to such individuals utilized to
            accomplish other missions of the Foundation.
                (6) National academy of public administration.--
                        (A) Study.--Not later than 30 days after the date
                    of enactment of this Act, the Director shall contract
                    with the National Academy of Public Administration to
                    conduct a study on the organizational and management
                    structure of the Foundation, to--
                                (i) evaluate and make recommendations to
                            efficiently and effectively implement the
                            Directorate for Technology, Innovation, and
                            Partnerships; and
                                (ii) evaluate and make recommendations to
                            ensure coordination of the Directorate for
                            Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships with
                            other directorates and offices of the
                            Foundation and other Federal agencies.
                        (B) Review.--Upon completion of the study under
                    subparagraph (A), the Foundation shall review the
                    recommendations from the National Academy of Public
                    Administration and provide a briefing to Congress on
                    the plans of the Foundation to implement any such
                    recommendations.
                (7) Providing authority to disseminate information.--
            Section 11 of the National Science Foundation Act of 1950 (42
            U.S.C. 1870) is amended--
                        (A) in subsection (j), by striking ``and'' after
                    the semicolon;
                        (B) in subsection (k), by striking the period at
                    the end and inserting ``; and''; and
                        (C) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(l) to provide for the widest practicable and appropriate
    dissemination of information within the United States concerning the
    Foundation's activities and the results of those activities.''.

    SEC. 10397. COORDINATION OF ACTIVITIES.

        (a) In General.--In carrying out the activities of the Directorate,
    the Director shall coordinate and collaborate as appropriate with the
    Secretary of Energy, the Director of the National Institute of
    Standards and Technology, and the heads of other Federal research
    agencies, as appropriate, to further the goals of this subtitle.
        (b) Avoid Duplication.--The Director shall ensure, to the greatest
    extent practicable, that activities carried out by the Directorate are
    not duplicative of activities supported by other parts of the
    Foundation or other relevant Federal agencies. In carrying out the
    activities prescribed by this division, the Director shall coordinate
    with the interagency working group established under subtitle F of
    title VI and heads of other Federal research agencies to ensure these
    activities enhance and complement, but do not constitute unnecessary
    duplication of effort and to ensure the responsible stewardship of
    funds.
        (c) Emerging Technologies.--After completion of the studies
    regarding emerging technologies conducted by the Secretary of Commerce
    under title XV of division FF of the Consolidated Appropriations Act,
    2021 (Public Law 116-260), the Director shall consider the results of
    such studies in carrying out the activities of the Directorate.

    SEC. 10398. ETHICAL, LEGAL, AND SOCIETAL CONSIDERATIONS.

        The Director shall engage, as appropriate, experts in the social
    dimensions of science and technology and set up formal avenues for
    public input, as appropriate, to ensure that ethical, legal, and
    societal considerations are taken into account in the priorities and
    activities of the Directorate, including in the selection of the
    challenges and key technology focus areas under section 10387 and the
    award-making process, and throughout all stages of supported projects.

    SEC. 10399. REPORTS AND ROADMAPS.

        (a) Annual Report.--The Director shall provide to the relevant
    authorizing and appropriations committees of Congress an annual report
    describing projects supported by the Directorate during the previous
    year.
        (b) Roadmap.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of
    this Act, the Director shall provide to the relevant authorizing and
    appropriations committees of Congress a roadmap describing the
    strategic vision that the Directorate will use to guide investment
    decisions over the following 3 years.
        (c) Reports.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of
    this Act and every 3 years thereafter, the Director, in consultation
    with the heads of relevant Federal agencies, shall prepare and submit
    to Congress--
                (1) a strategic vision for the next 5 years for the
            Directorate, including a description of how the Foundation will
            increase funding for research and education for populations
            underrepresented in STEM and geographic areas; and
                (2) a description of the planned activities of the
            Directorate to secure federally funded science and technology
            pursuant to section 1746 of the National Defense Authorization
            Act for Fiscal Year 2020 (Public Law 116-92; 42 U.S.C. 6601
            note) and section 223 of William M. (Mac) Thornberry National
            Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public Law 116-
            283) and the requirements under subtitle D of this title and
            subtitle E of title VI .
        (d) Selection Criteria Report.--Not later than 24 months after the
    establishment of the Directorate, the Director shall prepare and submit
    a report to Congress regarding the use of alternative methods for the
    selection of award recipients and the distribution of funding to
    recipients, as compared to the traditional peer review process.

    SEC. 10399A. EVALUATION.

        (a) In General.--After the Directorate has been in operation for 6
    years, the Director shall enter into an agreement with the National
    Academies to provide an evaluation of how well the Directorate is
    achieving the purposes identified in section 10382.
        (b) Inclusions.--The evaluation shall include--
                (1) an assessment of the impact of Directorate activities
            on the Foundation's primary science mission;
                (2) an assessment of the Directorate's impact on the
            challenges and key technology focus areas under section 10387;
                (3) an assessment of efforts to ensure coordination between
            the Directorate and other Federal agencies, and with external
            entities;
                (4) a description of lessons learned from operation of the
            Directorate; and
                (5) recommended funding levels for the Directorate;
        (c) Availability.--On completion of the evaluation, the evaluation
    shall be made available to Congress and the public.

                     Subtitle H--Administrative Amendments

    SEC. 10399D. SUPPORTING VETERANS IN STEM CAREERS.

        Section 3(c) of the Supporting Veterans in STEM Careers Act (42
    U.S.C. 1862t) is amended by striking ``annual'' and inserting
    ``biennial''.

    SEC. 10399E. SUNSHINE ACT COMPLIANCE.

        Section 15(a) of the National Science Foundation Authorization Act
    of 2002 (42 U.S.C. 1862n-5(a)) is amended--
                (1) so that paragraph (3) reads as follows:
                ``(3) Compliance review.--The Inspector General of the
            Foundation shall conduct a review of the compliance by the
            Board with the requirements described in paragraph (2) as
            necessary based on a triennial risk assessment. Any review
            deemed necessary shall examine the proposed and actual content
            of closed meetings and determine whether the closure of the
            meetings was consistent with section 552b of title 5, United
            States Code.''; and
                (2) by striking paragraphs (4) and (5) and inserting the
            following:
                ``(4) Materials relating to closed portions of meeting.--To
            facilitate the risk assessment required under paragraph (3) of
            this subsection, and any subsequent review conducted by the
            Inspector General, the Office of the National Science Board
            shall maintain the General Counsel's certificate, the presiding
            officer's statement, and a transcript or recording of any
            closed meeting, for at least 3 years after such meeting.''.

    SEC. 10399F. SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING INDICATORS REPORT SUBMISSION.

         Section 4(j)(1) of the National Science Foundation Act of 1950 (42
    U.S.C. 1863(j)(1)) is amended by striking ``January 15'' and inserting
    ``March 15''.

                 TITLE IV--BIOECONOMY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

    SEC. 10401. DEFINITIONS.

        In this title:
                (1) Initiative.--The term ``Initiative'' means the National
            Engineering Biology Research and Development Initiative
            established under section 10402.
                (2) Omics.--The term ``omics'' refers to the collective
            technologies used to explore the roles, relationships, and
            actions of the various types of molecules that make up the
            cells and systems of an organism and the systems level analysis
            of their functions.

    SEC. 10402. NATIONAL ENGINEERING BIOLOGY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
                  INITIATIVE.

        (a) In General.--The President, acting through the Office of
    Science and Technology Policy, shall implement a National Engineering
    Biology Research and Development Initiative to advance societal well-
    being, national security, sustainability, and economic productivity and
    competitiveness through the following:
                (1) Advancing areas of research at the intersection of the
            biological, physical, chemical, data, and computational and
            information sciences and engineering to accelerate scientific
            understanding and technological innovation in engineering
            biology.
                (2) Advancing areas of biomanufacturing research to
            optimize, standardize, scale, and deliver new products and
            solutions.
                (3) Supporting social and behavioral sciences and economics
            research that advances the field of engineering biology and
            contributes to the development and public understanding of new
            products, processes, and technologies.
                (4) Improving the understanding of engineering biology of
            the scientific and lay public and supporting greater evidence-
            based public discourse about its benefits and risks.
                (5) Supporting research relating to the risks and benefits
            of engineering biology, including under subsection (d).
                (6) Supporting the development of novel tools and
            technologies to accelerate scientific understanding and
            technological innovation in engineering biology.
                (7) Expanding the number of researchers, educators, and
            students and a retooled workforce with engineering biology
            training, including from traditionally underrepresented and
            underserved populations.
                (8) Accelerating the translation and commercialization of
            engineering biology and biomanufacturing research and
            development by the private sector.
                (9) Improving the interagency planning and coordination of
            Federal Government activities related to engineering biology.
        (b) Initiative Activities.--The activities of the Initiative shall
    include the following:
                (1) Sustained support for engineering biology research and
            development through the following:
                        (A) Grants to fund the work of individual
                    investigators and teams of investigators, including
                    interdisciplinary teams.
                        (B) Projects funded under joint solicitations by a
                    collaboration of not fewer than two agencies
                    participating in the Initiative.
                        (C) Interdisciplinary research centers that are
                    organized to investigate basic research questions,
                    carry out technology development and demonstration
                    activities, and increase understanding of how to scale
                    up engineering biology processes, including
                    biomanufacturing.
                (2) Sustained support for databases and related tools,
            including the following:
                        (A) Support for the establishment, curation, and
                    maintenance of curated genomics, epigenomics, and other
                    relevant omics databases, including plant, animal, and
                    microbial databases, that are available to researchers
                    to carry out engineering biology research in a manner
                    that does not compromise national security or the
                    privacy or security of information within such
                    databases.
                        (B) Development of standards for such databases,
                    including for curation, interoperability, and
                    protection of privacy and security.
                        (C) Support for the development of computational
                    tools, including artificial intelligence tools, that
                    can accelerate research and innovation using such
                    databases.
                        (D) An inventory and assessment of all Federal
                    government omics databases to identify opportunities to
                    improve the utility of such databases, as appropriate
                    and in a manner that does not compromise national
                    security or the privacy and security of information
                    within such databases, and inform investment in such
                    databases as critical infrastructure for the
                    engineering biology research enterprise.
                (3) Sustained support for the development, optimization,
            and validation of novel tools and technologies to enable the
            dynamic study of molecular processes in situ, including through
            the following:
                        (A) Research conducted at Federal laboratories.
                        (B) Grants to fund the work of investigators at
                    institutions of higher education and other nonprofit
                    research institutions.
                        (C) Incentivized development of retooled industrial
                    sites across the country that foster a pivot to
                    modernized engineering biology initiatives.
                        (D) Awards under the Small Business Innovation
                    Research Program and the Small Business Technology
                    Transfer Program (as described in section 9 of the
                    Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 638)).
                (4) Support for education and training of undergraduate and
            graduate students in engineering biology, biomanufacturing,
            bioprocess engineering, and computational science applied to
            engineering biology and in the related ethical, legal,
            environmental, safety, security, and other societal domains.
                (5) Support for a national network of testbeds based on
            open standards, interfaces, and processes, including by
            repurposing existing facilities such as those specified in
            paragraph (3)(C), that would enable scale up of laboratory
            engineering biology research.
                (6) Activities to develop robust mechanisms for documenting
            and quantifying the outputs and economic benefits of
            engineering biology.
                (7) Activities to accelerate the translation and
            commercialization of new products, processes, and technologies
            by carrying out the following:
                        (A) Identifying precompetitive research
                    opportunities.
                        (B) Facilitating public-private partnerships in
                    engineering biology research and development, including
                    to address barriers to scaling up innovations in
                    engineering biology.
                        (C) Connecting researchers, graduate students, and
                    postdoctoral fellows with entrepreneurship education
                    and training opportunities.
                        (D) Supporting proof of concept activities and the
                    formation of startup companies including through
                    programs such as the Small Business Innovation Research
                    Program and the Small Business Technology Transfer
                    Program.
        (c) Expanding Participation.--The Initiative shall include, to the
    maximum extent practicable, outreach to primarily undergraduate and
    historically Black colleges and universities, Tribal Colleges or
    Universities, and minority-serving institutions about Initiative
    opportunities, and shall encourage the development of research
    collaborations between research-intensive universities and primarily
    undergraduate and historically Black colleges and universities, Tribal
    Colleges or Universities, and minority-serving institutions.
        (d) Ethical, Legal, Environmental, Safety, Security, and Societal
    Issues.--Initiative activities shall take into account ethical, legal,
    environmental, safety, security, and other appropriate societal issues
    by carrying out the following:
                (1) Supporting research, including in the social sciences,
            and other activities addressing ethical, legal, environmental,
            and other appropriate societal issues related to engineering
            biology, including integrating research on such topics with the
            research and development in engineering biology, and
            encouraging the dissemination of the results of such research,
            including through interdisciplinary engineering biology
            research centers described in subsection (b)(1)(C).
                (2) Supporting research and other activities related to the
            safety and security implications of engineering biology,
            including outreach to increase awareness among Federal
            researchers and federally-funded researchers at institutions of
            higher education about potential safety and security
            implications of engineering biology research, as appropriate.
                (3) Ensuring that input from Federal and non-Federal
            experts on the ethical, legal, environmental, safety, security,
            and other appropriate societal issues related to engineering
            biology is integrated into the Initiative.
                (4) Ensuring, through the agencies and departments that
            participate in the Initiative, that public input and outreach
            are integrated into the Initiative by the convening of regular
            and ongoing public discussions through mechanisms such as
            workshops, consensus conferences, and educational events, as
            appropriate.
                (5) Complying with all applicable provisions of Federal
            law.

    SEC. 10403. INITIATIVE COORDINATION.

        (a) Interagency Committee.--The President, acting through the
    Office of Science and Technology Policy, shall designate an interagency
    committee to coordinate activities of the Initiative as appropriate,
    which shall be co-chaired by the Office of Science and Technology
    Policy. The Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy
    shall select an additional co-chairperson from among the members of the
    interagency committee. The interagency committee shall oversee the
    planning, management, and coordination of the Initiative. The
    interagency committee shall carry out the following:
                (1) Provide for interagency coordination of Federal
            engineering biology research, development, and other activities
            undertaken pursuant to the Initiative.
                (2) Establish and periodically update goals and priorities
            for the Initiative.
                (3) Develop, not later than 12 months after the date of the
            enactment of this Act, and update every five years thereafter,
            a strategic plan submitted to the Committee on Science, Space,
            and Technology, the Committee on Agriculture, and the Committee
            on Energy and Commerce of the House of Representatives and the
            Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, the
            Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry, the
            Committee on Small Business and Entrepreneurship, and the
            Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions of the
            Senate that--
                        (A) guides the activities of the Initiative for
                    purposes of meeting the goals and priorities
                    established under (and updated pursuant to) paragraph
                    (2); and
                        (B) describes--
                                (i) the Initiative's support for long-term
                            funding for interdisciplinary engineering
                            biology research and development;
                                (ii) the Initiative's support for education
                            and public outreach activities;
                                (iii) the Initiative's support for research
                            and other activities on ethical, legal,
                            environmental, safety, security, and other
                            appropriate societal issues related to
                            engineering biology, including--
                                        (I) an applied biorisk management
                                    research plan;
                                        (II) recommendations for
                                    integrating security into biological
                                    data access and international
                                    reciprocity agreements;
                                        (III) recommendations for
                                    manufacturing restructuring to support
                                    engineering biology research,
                                    development, and scaling-up
                                    initiatives; and
                                        (IV) an evaluation of existing
                                    biosecurity governance policies,
                                    guidance, and directives for the
                                    purposes of creating an adaptable,
                                    evidence-based framework to respond to
                                    emerging biosecurity challenges created
                                    by advances in engineering biology;
                                (iv) how the Initiative will contribute to
                            moving results out of the laboratory and into
                            application for the benefit of society and
                            United States competitiveness; and
                                (v) how the Initiative will measure and
                            track the contributions of engineering biology
                            to United States economic growth and other
                            societal indicators.
                (4) Develop a national genomic sequencing strategy to
            ensure engineering biology research fully leverages plant,
            animal, and microbe biodiversity, as appropriate and in a
            manner that does not compromise economic competitiveness,
            national security, or the privacy or security of human genetic
            information, to enhance long-term innovation and
            competitiveness in engineering biology in the United States.
                (5) Develop a plan to utilize Federal programs, such as the
            Small Business Innovation Research Program and the Small
            Business Technology Transfer Program (as described in section 9
            of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 638)), in support of the
            activities described in section 10402(b)(3).
                (6) In carrying out this section, take into consideration
            the recommendations of the advisory committee established under
            section 10404, the results of the workshop convened under
            section 10402, existing reports on related topics, and the
            views of academic, State, industry, and other appropriate
            groups.
        (b) Quinquennial Report.--Beginning with fiscal year 2023 and every
    five years thereafter for ten years, the interagency committee shall
    prepare and submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology,
    the Committee on Energy and Commerce, and the Committee on Agriculture
    of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science,
    and Transportation, the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and
    Pensions, the Committee on Small Business and Entrepreneurship, and the
    Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a
    report that includes the following:
                (1) A summarized agency budget in support of the Initiative
            for the current fiscal year, including a breakout of spending
            for each agency participating in the Program, and for the
            development and acquisition of any research facilities and
            instrumentation.
                (2) An assessment of how Federal agencies are implementing
            the plan described in subsection (a)(3), including the
            following:
                        (A) A description of the amount and number of
                    awards made under the Small Business Innovation
                    Research Program and the Small Business Technology
                    Transfer Program (as described in section 9 of the
                    Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 638)) in support of the
                    Initiative.
                        (B) A description of the amount and number of
                    projects funded under joint solicitations by a
                    collaboration of not fewer than two agencies
                    participating in the Initiative.
                        (C) A description of effects of newly-funded
                    projects by the Initiative.
        (c) Initiative Coordination Office.--
                (1) In general.--The President shall establish an
            Initiative Coordination Office, with a Director and full-time
            staff, which shall--
                        (A) provide technical and administrative support to
                    the interagency committee and the advisory committee
                    established under subsection (a) and section 10404;
                        (B) serve as the point of contact on Federal
                    engineering biology activities for government
                    organizations, academia, industry, professional
                    societies, State governments, interested citizen
                    groups, and others to exchange technical and
                    programmatic information;
                        (C) oversee interagency coordination of the
                    Initiative, including by encouraging and supporting
                    joint agency solicitation and selection of applications
                    for funding of activities under the Initiative, as
                    appropriate;
                        (D) conduct public outreach, including
                    dissemination of findings and recommendations of the
                    advisory committee, as appropriate;
                        (E) serve as the coordinator of ethical, legal,
                    environmental, safety, security, and other appropriate
                    societal input; and
                        (F) promote access to, and early application of,
                    the technologies, innovations, and expertise derived
                    from Initiative activities to agency missions and
                    systems across the Federal Government, and to United
                    States industry, including startup companies.
                (2) Funding.--The Director of the Office of Science and
            Technology Policy, in coordination with each participating
            Federal department and agency, as appropriate, shall develop
            and annually update an estimate of the funds necessary to carry
            out the activities of the Initiative Coordination Office and
            submit such estimate with an agreed summary of contributions
            from each agency to Congress as part of the President's annual
            budget request to Congress.
                (3) Termination.--The Initiative Coordination Office
            established under this subsection shall terminate on the date
            that is 10 years after the date of the enactment of this Act.
        (d) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this section may be construed
    to alter the policies, processes, or practices of individual Federal
    agencies in effect on the day before the date of the enactment of this
    Act relating to the conduct of biomedical research and advanced
    development, including the solicitation and review of extramural
    research proposals.

    SEC. 10404. ADVISORY COMMITTEE ON ENGINEERING BIOLOGY RESEARCH AND
                  DEVELOPMENT.

        (a) In General.--The agency co-chair of the interagency committee
    established under section 10403 shall, in consultation with the Office
    of Science and Technology Policy, designate or establish an advisory
    committee on engineering biology research and development (in this
    section referred to as the ``advisory committee'') to be composed of
    not fewer than 12 members, including representatives of research and
    academic institutions, industry, and nongovernmental entities, who are
    qualified to provide advice on the Initiative.
        (b) Assessment.--The advisory committee shall assess the following:
                (1) The current state of United States competitiveness in
            engineering biology, including the scope and scale of United
            States investments in engineering biology research and
            development in the international context.
                (2) Current market barriers to commercialization of
            engineering biology products, processes, and tools in the
            United States.
                (3) Progress made in implementing the Initiative.
                (4) The need to revise the Initiative.
                (5) The balance of activities and funding across the
            Initiative.
                (6) Whether the strategic plan developed or updated by the
            interagency committee established under section 10403 is
            helping to maintain United States leadership in engineering
            biology.
                (7) Whether ethical, legal, environmental, safety,
            security, and other appropriate societal issues are adequately
            addressed by the Initiative.
        (c) Reports.--Beginning not later than two years after the date of
    the enactment of this Act and not less frequently than once every five
    years thereafter, the advisory committee shall submit to the President,
    the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, the Committee on
    Energy and Commerce, and the Committee on Agriculture of the House of
    Representatives, and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and
    Transportation, the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and
    Pensions, and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of
    the Senate, a report on the following:
                (1) The findings of the advisory committee's assessment
            under subsection (b).
                (2) The advisory committee's recommendations for ways to
            improve the Initiative.
        (d) Application of Federal Advisory Committee Act.--Section 14 of
    the Federal Advisory Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.) shall not apply to
    the advisory committee.
        (e) Termination.--The advisory committee established under
    subsection (a) shall terminate on the date that is 10 years after the
    date of the enactment of this Act.

    SEC. 10405. EXTERNAL REVIEW OF ETHICAL, LEGAL, ENVIRONMENTAL, SAFETY,
                  SECURITY, AND SOCIETAL ISSUES.

        (a) In General.--Not later than six months after the date of
    enactment of this Act, the Director of the National Science Foundation
    shall seek to enter into an agreement with the National Academies of
    Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to conduct a review, and make
    recommendations with respect to, the ethical, legal, environmental,
    safety, security, and other appropriate societal issues related to
    engineering biology research and development. The review shall include
    the following:
                (1) An assessment of the current research on such issues.
                (2) A description of the research needs relating to such
            issues.
                (3) Recommendations on how the Initiative can address the
            research needs identified pursuant to paragraph (2).
                (4) Recommendations on how researchers engaged in
            engineering biology can best incorporate considerations of such
            issues into the development of research proposals and the
            conduct of research.
        (b) Report to Congress.--The agreement entered into under
    subsection (a) shall require the National Academies of Sciences,
    Engineering, and Medicine to, not later than two years after the date
    of the enactment of this Act--
                (1) submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and
            Technology and the Committee on Agriculture of the House of
            Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and
            Transportation and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and
            Forestry of the Senate a report containing the findings and
            recommendations of the review conducted under subsection (a);
            and
                (2) make a copy of such report available on a publicly
            accessible website.

    SEC. 10406. AGENCY ACTIVITIES.

        (a) National Science Foundation.--As part of the Initiative, the
    National Science Foundation shall carry out the following:
                (1) Support research in engineering biology and
            biomanufacturing through individual grants, collaborative
            grants, and through interdisciplinary research centers.
                (2) Support research on the environmental, legal, ethical,
            and social implications of engineering biology.
                (3) Provide support for research instrumentation,
            equipment, and cyberinfrastructure for engineering biology
            disciplines, including support for research, development,
            optimization, and validation of novel technologies to enable
            the dynamic study of molecular processes in situ.
                (4) Support curriculum development and research experiences
            for secondary, undergraduate, and graduate students in
            engineering biology and biomanufacturing, including through
            support for graduate fellowships and traineeships in
            engineering biology.
                (5) Award grants, on a competitive basis, to enable
            institutions to support graduate students and postdoctoral
            fellows who perform some of their engineering biology research
            in an industry setting.
        (b) Department of Commerce.--
                (1) National institute of standards and technology.--As
            part of the Initiative, the Director of the National Institute
            of Standards and Technology shall carry out the following:
                        (A) Advance the development of standard reference
                    materials and measurements, including to promote
                    interoperability between new component technologies and
                    processes for engineering biology and biomanufacturing
                    discovery, innovation, and production processes.
                        (B) Establish new data tools, techniques, and
                    processes necessary to advance engineering biology and
                    biomanufacturing.
                        (C) Provide access to user facilities with advanced
                    or unique equipment, services, materials, and other
                    resources to industry, institutions of higher
                    education, nonprofit organizations, and government
                    agencies to perform research and testing.
                        (D) Provide technical expertise to inform the
                    potential development of guidelines or safeguards for
                    new products, processes, and systems of engineering
                    biology.
                (2) National oceanic and atmospheric administration.--As
            part of the initiative, the Administrator of the National
            Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration shall carry out the
            following:
                        (A) Conduct and support research in omics and
                    associated bioinformatic sciences and develop tools and
                    products to improve ecosystem stewardship, monitoring,
                    management, assessments. and forecasts, consistent with
                    the mission of the agency.
                        (B) Collaborate with other agencies to understand
                    potential environmental threats and safeguards related
                    to engineering biology.
        (c) Department of Energy.--As part of the Initiative, the Secretary
    of Energy shall carry out the following:
                (1) Conduct and support research, development,
            demonstration, and commercial application activities in
            engineering biology, including in the areas of synthetic
            biology, advanced biofuel and bioproduct development, biobased
            materials, and environmental remediation.
                (2) Support the development, optimization and validation of
            novel, scalable tools and technologies to enable the dynamic
            study of molecular processes in situ.
                (3) Provide access to user facilities with advanced or
            unique equipment, services, materials, and other resources,
            including secure access to high-performance computing, as
            appropriate, to industry, institutions of higher education,
            nonprofit organizations, and government agencies to perform
            research and testing;.
                (4) Strengthen collaboration between the Office of Science
            and the Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office to help
            transfer fundamental research results to industry and
            accelerate commercial applications.
        (d) Department of Defense.--As part of the Initiative, the
    Secretary of Defense shall carry out the following:
                (1) Conduct and support research and development in
            engineering biology and associated data and information
            sciences.
                (2) Support curriculum development and research experiences
            in engineering biology and associated data and information
            sciences across the military education system, including the
            service academies, professional military education, and
            military graduate education.
                (3) Assess risks of potential national security and
            economic security threats relating to engineering biology.
        (e) National Aeronautics and Space Administration.--As part of the
    Initiative, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration shall
    carry out the following:
                (1) Conduct and support research in engineering biology,
            including in synthetic biology, and related to Earth and space
            sciences, aeronautics, space technology, and space exploration
            and experimentation, consistent with the priorities established
            in the National Academies' decadal surveys.
                (2) Award grants, on a competitive basis, that enable
            institutions to support graduate students and postdoctoral
            fellows who perform some of their engineering biology research
            in an industry setting.
        (f) Department of Agriculture.--As part of the Initiative, the
    Secretary of Agriculture shall support research and development in
    engineering biology through the Agricultural Research Service, the
    National Institute of Food and Agriculture programs and grants, and the
    Office of the Chief Scientist.
        (g) Environmental Protection Agency.--As part of the Initiative,
    the Environmental Protection Agency shall support research on how
    products, processes, and systems of engineering biology will affect or
    can protect the environment.
        (h) Department of Health and Human Services.--As part of the
    Initiative, the Secretary of Health and Human Services, as appropriate
    and consistent with activities of the Department of Health and Human
    Services in effect on the day before the date of the enactment of this
    Act, shall carry out the following:
                (1) Support research and development to advance the
            understanding and application of engineering biology for human
            health.
                (2) Support relevant interdisciplinary research and
            coordination.
                (3) Support activities necessary to facilitate oversight of
            relevant emerging biotechnologies.

    SEC. 10407. RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.

        Nothing in this title may be construed to require public disclosure
    of information that is exempt from mandatory disclosure under section
    552 of title 5, United States Code.

                  TITLE V--BROADENING PARTICIPATION IN SCIENCE

                         Subtitle A--STEM Opportunities

    SEC. 10501. FEDERAL RESEARCH AGENCY POLICIES FOR CAREGIVERS.

        (a) OSTP Guidance.--Not later than 12 months after the date of the
    enactment of this Act, the Director, in consultation with the heads of
    relevant agencies, shall provide guidance to each Federal research
    agency to establish policies that--
                (1) apply to all--
                        (A) research awards granted by such agency; and
                        (B) principal investigators of such research and
                    their trainees, including postdoctoral researchers and
                    graduate students, who have caregiving
                    responsibilities, including care for a newborn or newly
                    adopted child and care for an immediate family member
                    who has a disability or a serious health condition; and
                (2) provide, to the extent feasible--
                        (A) flexibility in timing for the initiation of
                    approved research awards granted by such agency;
                        (B) no-cost extensions of such research awards;
                        (C) award supplements, as appropriate, to research
                    awards to sustain research activities conducted under
                    such awards; and
                        (D) any other appropriate accommodations at the
                    discretion of the director of each such agency.
        (b) Uniformity of Guidance.--In providing guidance under subsection
    (a), the Director shall encourage uniformity, to the extent
    practicable, and consistency in the policies established pursuant to
    such guidance across all Federal research agencies.
        (c) Establishment of Policies.--Consistent, to the extent
    practicable, with the guidance under subsection (a), Federal research
    agencies shall--
                (1) maintain or develop and implement policies for
            individuals described in paragraph (1)(B) of such subsection;
            and
                (2) broadly disseminate in easily accessible formats such
            policies to current and potential award recipients.
        (d) Data on Usage.--Federal research agencies shall consider--
                (1) collecting data, including demographic data that can be
            disaggregated by sex, geographic location, and socioeconomic
            indicators, which may include employment status, occupation,
            educational attainment, parental education, and income, on the
            usage of the policies under subsection (c), at both
            institutions of higher education and Federal laboratories; and
                (2) reporting such data on an annual basis to the Director
            in such form as required by the Director.

    SEC. 10502. COLLECTION AND REPORTING OF DATA ON FEDERAL RESEARCH
                  AWARDS.

        (a) Collection of Data.--
                (1) In general.--Each Federal research agency shall
            collect, as practicable, with respect to all applications for
            merit-reviewed research and development awards made by such
            agency, standardized record-level annual information on
            demographics, primary field, award type, institution type,
            review rating, budget request, funding outcome, and awarded
            budget.
                (2) Uniformity and standardization.--The Director, in
            consultation with the heads of each Federal research agency,
            shall establish, and update as necessary, a policy to ensure
            uniformity and standardization of the data collection required
            under paragraph (1).
                (3) Record-level data.--
                        (A) Requirement.--Beginning not later than two
                    years after the issuance of the policy under paragraph
                    (2) to Federal research agencies, and on an annual
                    basis thereafter, each Federal research agency shall
                    submit to the National Center for Science and
                    Engineering Statistics record-level data collected
                    under paragraph (1) in the form required by the
                    Director of the National Science Foundation.
                        (B) Previous data.--As part of the first submission
                    under subparagraph (A), each Federal research agency,
                    to the extent practicable, shall also submit comparable
                    record-level data, if it is available to the agency,
                    for the five years preceding the date of such
                    submission, or an analysis for why such data cannot be
                    provided.
        (b) Reporting of Data.--The Director of the National Science
    Foundation shall publish statistical summary data, as practicable,
    collected under this section, disaggregated and cross-tabulated by
    race, ethnicity, sex, socioeconomic indicators, which may include
    employment status, occupation, educational attainment, parental
    education, and income, geographic location, and years since completion
    of doctoral degree, including in conjunction with the National Science
    Foundation's report required by section 37 of the Science and
    Engineering Equal Opportunities Act (42 U.S.C. 1885d; Public Law 96-
    516).

    SEC. 10503. POLICIES FOR REVIEW OF FEDERAL RESEARCH AWARDS.

        (a) Assessment of Policies.--Federal research agencies shall
    regularly assess, and update as necessary, policies, and practices to
    remove or reduce cultural and institutional barriers limiting the
    recruitment, retention, and success of groups historically
    underrepresented in STEM research careers, including policies and
    practices relevant to the unbiased review of Federal research
    applications.
        (b) Considerations and Activities.--In carrying out the
    requirements under subsection (a), Federal research agencies shall--
                (1) review current levels of participation of groups
            historically underrepresented in STEM in peer-review panels and
            consider approaches for expanding their participation;
                (2) analyze the data collected under section 10502,
            including funding rates of proposals from all groups, including
            those historically underrepresented in STEM;
                (3) collect and disseminate best practices to remove or
            reduce cultural and institutional barriers limiting the
            recruitment, retention, and success of groups historically
            underrepresented in STEM research careers; and
                (4) implement evidence-based policies and practices to
            achieve the goals of this section.

    SEC. 10504. COLLECTION OF DATA ON DEMOGRAPHICS OF FACULTY.

        (a) Collection of Data.--
                (1) In general.--Not later than 5 years after the date of
            the enactment of this Act and at least every five years
            thereafter, the Director of the National Science Foundation
            shall carry out a survey to collect data from award recipients
            on the demographics of STEM faculty, by broad fields of STEM,
            at different types of institutions of higher education that
            receive Federal research funding.
                (2) Survey considerations.--To the extent practicable, the
            Director of the National Science Foundation shall survey, by
            sex, race, socioeconomic indicators, which may include
            employment status, occupation, educational attainment, parental
            education, and income, geographic location, ethnicity,
            citizenship status, and years since completion of doctoral
            degree--
                        (A) the number and percentage of faculty;
                        (B) the number and percentage of faculty at each
                    rank;
                        (C) the number and percentage of faculty who are in
                    nontenure-track positions, including teaching and
                    research;
                        (D) the number and percentage of faculty who are
                    reviewed for promotion, including tenure, and the
                    percentage of that number who are promoted, including
                    being awarded tenure;
                        (E) faculty years in rank;
                        (F) the number and percentage of faculty to leave
                    tenure-track positions;
                        (G) the number and percentage of faculty hired, by
                    rank; and
                        (H) the number and percentage of faculty in
                    leadership positions.
        (b) Existing Surveys.--The Director of the National Science
    Foundation, may, in modifying or expanding existing Federal surveys of
    higher education (as necessary)--
                (1) take into account the considerations under subsection
            (a)(2) by collaborating with statistical centers at other
            Federal agencies; or
                (2) make an award to an institution of higher education or
            nonprofit organization (or consortia thereof) to take such
            considerations into account.
        (c) Reporting Data.--The Director of the National Science
    Foundation shall publish statistical summary data collected under this
    section, including as part of the National Science Foundation's report
    required by section 37 of the Science and Engineering Equal
    Opportunities Act (42 U.S.C. 1885d; Public Law 96-516).
        (d) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be
    appropriated to the Director of the National Science Foundation
    $4,000,000 in each of fiscal years 2023 through 2025 to develop and
    carry out the initial survey required under subsection (a).

    SEC. 10505. CULTURAL AND INSTITUTIONAL BARRIERS TO EXPANDING THE
                  ACADEMIC AND FEDERAL STEM WORKFORCE.

        (a) Best Practices.--
                (1) Development of guidance.--Not later than 12 months
            after the date of enactment of this Act, the Director, in
            consultation with the interagency working group on inclusion in
            STEM and utilizing existing guidance already developed by
            Federal research agencies where applicable, shall broadly
            disseminate to entities that receive Federal research funding
            best practices for--
                        (A) conducting periodic climate surveys of STEM
                    departments and divisions, with a particular focus on
                    identifying and addressing any cultural or
                    institutional barriers to the recruitment, retention,
                    or advancement of groups historically underrepresented
                    in STEM studies and careers; and
                        (B) providing educational opportunities, including
                    workshops, for STEM professionals to learn about
                    current research on effective practices for unbiased
                    recruitment, evaluation, and promotion of undergraduate
                    and graduate students and research personnel.
                (2) Establishment of policies.--Consistent with the
            guidance developed under paragraph (1)--
                        (A) The Director of the National Science
                    Foundation, in consultation with the heads of Federal
                    research agencies, shall develop a policy that--
                                (i) applies to, at a minimum, doctoral
                            degree granting institutions that receive
                            Federal research funding; and
                                (ii) requires each such institution, not
                            later than 3 years after the date of enactment
                            of this Act, and to the extent practicable, to
                            report to the Director of the National Science
                            Foundation on activities and policies developed
                            and implemented based on the guidance
                            disseminated under paragraph (1); and
                        (B) each Federal research agency with a Federal
                    laboratory shall maintain or develop and implement
                    practices and policies for the purposes described in
                    paragraph (1) for such laboratory and, not later than
                    three years after the date of the enactment of this
                    Act, each Federal laboratory shall report to the head
                    of such agency on such practices and policies.
        (b) Report to Congress.--Not later than four years after the date
    of the enactment of this Act, the Director of the National Science
    Foundation shall submit a report to Congress that includes a summary
    and analysis of the types and frequency of activities and policies
    developed and carried out under subsection (a) based on the reports
    submitted under paragraph (2) of such subsection.

    SEC. 10506. EXISTING ACTIVITIES.

         A Federal research agency may satisfy requirements under this
    subtitle through activities and programs in existence as of the date of
    the enactment of this Act.

    SEC. 10507. REPORT TO CONGRESS.

        Not later than four years after the date of the enactment of this
    Act, the Director shall submit to Congress a report that includes the
    following:
                (1) A description and evaluation of the status and usage of
            policies implemented pursuant to section 10505 at all Federal
            research agencies, including any recommendations for revising
            or expanding such policies.
                (2) With respect to efforts to remove or reduce cultural
            and institutional barriers limiting the recruitment, retention,
            and success of groups historically underrepresented in academic
            and government STEM research careers under section 10505--
                        (A) what steps all Federal research agencies have
                    taken to implement policies and practices to further
                    such efforts;
                        (B) a description of any significant updates to the
                    policies for review of Federal research awards required
                    under such section; and
                        (C) any evidence of the impact of such policies on
                    the review or awarding of Federal research awards; and
                (3) A description and evaluation of the status of
            institution of higher education and Federal laboratory policies
            and practices required under section 10505, including any
            recommendations for revising or expanding such policies.

    SEC. 10508. MERIT REVIEW.

        Nothing in this subtitle may be construed as altering any
    intellectual or broader impacts criteria at Federal research agencies
    for evaluating award applications.

    SEC. 10509. DETERMINATION OF BUDGETARY EFFECTS.

        The budgetary effects of this subtitle, for the purpose of
    complying with the Statutory Pay-As-You-Go Act of 2010, shall be
    determined by reference to the latest statement titled ``Budgetary
    Effects of PAYGO Legislation'' for this subtitle, submitted for
    printing in the Congressional Record by the Chairman of the House
    Budget Committee, provided that such statement has been submitted prior
    to the vote on passage.

    SEC. 10510. DEFINITION.

        In this subtitle, the term ``Director'' means the Director of the
    Office of Science and Technology Policy.

                   Subtitle B--Rural STEM Education Research

    SEC. 10511. DEFINITION.

        In this subtitle, the term ``Director'' means the Director of the
    National Science Foundation.

    SEC. 10512. NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION RURAL STEM ACTIVITIES.

        (a) Preparing Rural STEM Educators.--
                (1) In general.--The Director shall make awards on a merit-
            reviewed, competitive basis to institutions of higher education
            or nonprofit organizations (or a consortium thereof) for
            research and development activities to advance innovative
            approaches to support and sustain high-quality STEM teaching in
            rural schools.
                (2) Use of funds.--
                        (A) In general.--Awards made under this subsection
                    shall be used for the research and development
                    activities referred to in paragraph (1), which may
                    include--
                                (i) engaging rural educators, principals,
                            or other school leaders of students in
                            prekindergarten through grade 12 in
                            professional learning opportunities to enhance
                            STEM knowledge, including computer science, and
                            develop best practices;
                                (ii) supporting research on effective STEM
                            teaching and school leadership practices in
                            rural settings, including the use of rubrics
                            and mastery- based grading practices to assess
                            student performance when employing the
                            transdisciplinary teaching approach for STEM
                            disciplines;
                                (iii) designing and developing pre-service
                            and in-service training resources to assist
                            such rural educators, principals, and other
                            school leaders in adopting transdisciplinary
                            teaching practices across STEM courses;
                                (iv) coordinating with local partners to
                            adapt STEM teaching practices to leverage
                            local, natural, and community assets in order
                            to support in-place learning in rural areas;
                                (v) providing hands-on training and
                            research opportunities for rural educators
                            described in clause (i) at Federal laboratories
                            or institutions of higher education, or in
                            industry;
                                (vi) developing training and best practices
                            for educators who teach multiple grade levels
                            within a STEM discipline;
                                (vii) designing and implementing
                            professional development courses and
                            experiences, including mentoring, for rural
                            educators, principals, and other school leaders
                            described in clause (i) that combine face-to-
                            face and online experiences; and
                                (viii) any other activity the Director
                            determines will accomplish the goals of this
                            paragraph.
                        (B) Rural stem collaborative.--The Director shall
                    establish a pilot program of regional cohorts in rural
                    areas that will provide peer support, mentoring, and
                    hands-on research experiences for rural STEM educators,
                    principals, and other school leaders of students in
                    prekindergarten through grade 12, in order to build an
                    ecosystem of cooperation among educators, principals,
                    other school leaders, researchers, academia, and local
                    industry.
        (b) Broadening Participation of Rural Students in STEM.--
                (1) In general.--The Director shall make awards on a merit-
            reviewed, competitive basis to institutions of higher education
            or nonprofit organizations (or a consortium thereof) for--
                        (A) research and development of programming to
                    identify the barriers rural students face in accessing
                    high-quality STEM education; and
                        (B) development of innovative solutions to improve
                    the participation and advancement of rural students in
                    prekindergarten through grade 12 in STEM studies.
                (2) Use of funds.--
                        (A) In general.--Awards made under this subsection
                    shall be used for the research and development
                    activities referred to in paragraph (1), which may
                    include--
                                (i) developing partnerships with community
                            colleges to offer advanced STEM course work,
                            including computer science, to rural high
                            school students;
                                (ii) supporting research on effective STEM
                            practices in rural settings;
                                (iii) implementing a school-wide STEM
                            approach, including preparation and support for
                            principals and other school leaders;
                                (iv) improving the Foundation's Advanced
                            Technology Education program's coordination and
                            engagement with rural communities;
                                (v) collaborating with existing community
                            partners and networks, such as the Cooperative
                            Extension System services and extramural
                            research programs of the Department of
                            Agriculture and youth serving organizations
                            like 4-H, after school STEM programs, and
                            summer STEM programs, to leverage community
                            resources and develop place-based programming;
                                (vi) connecting rural school districts and
                            institutions of higher education, to improve
                            precollegiate STEM education and engagement;
                                (vii) supporting partnerships that offer
                            hands- on inquiry-based science activities,
                            including coding, and access to lab resources
                            for students studying STEM in prekindergarten
                            through grade 12 in a rural area;
                                (viii) evaluating the role of broadband
                            connectivity and its associated impact on the
                            STEM and technology literacy of rural students;
                                (ix) building capacity to support
                            extracurricular STEM programs in rural schools,
                            including mentor-led engagement programs, STEM
                            programs held during non-school hours, STEM
                            networks, makerspaces, coding activities, and
                            competitions;
                                (x) creating partnerships with local
                            industries and local educational agencies to
                            tailor STEM curricula and educational
                            experiences to the needs of a particular local
                            or regional economy; and
                                (xi) any other activity the Director
                            determines will accomplish the goals of this
                            paragraph.
        (c) Application.--An applicant seeking an award under subsection
    (a) or (b) shall submit an application at such time, in such manner,
    and containing such information as the Director may require. The
    application may include the following:
                (1) A description of the target population to be served by
            the research activity or activities for which such award is
            sought.
                (2) A description of the process for recruitment and
            selection of students, educators, principals, and other school
            leaders, or schools from rural areas to participate in such
            activity or activities.
                (3) A description of how such activity or activities may
            inform efforts to promote the engagement and achievement of
            rural students in prekindergarten through grade 12 in STEM
            studies.
                (4) In the case of a proposal consisting of a partnership
            or partnerships with one or more rural schools and one or more
            researchers, a plan for establishing a sustained partnership
            that is jointly developed and managed, draws from the
            capacities of each partner, and is mutually beneficial.
        (d) Partnerships.--In making awards under subsection (a) or (b),
    the Director shall--
                (1) encourage applicants which, for the purpose of the
            activity or activities funded through the award, include or
            partner with a nonprofit organization or an institution of
            higher education (or a consortium thereof) that has extensive
            experience and expertise in increasing the participation of
            rural students in prekindergarten through grade 12 in STEM;
                (2) encourage applicants which, for the purpose of the
            activity or activities funded through the award, include or
            partner with a consortium of rural schools or rural school
            districts; and
                (3) encourage applications which, for the purpose of the
            activity or activities funded through the award, include
            commitments from school principals, other school leaders, and
            administrators to making reforms and activities proposed by the
            applicant a priority.
        (e) Evaluations.--All proposals for awards under subsections (a)
    and (b) shall include an evaluation plan that includes the use of
    outcome-oriented measures to assess the impact and efficacy of the
    award. Each recipient of an award under this subsection shall include
    results from these evaluative activities in annual and final projects.
        (f) Accountability and Dissemination.--
                (1) Evaluation required.--The Director shall evaluate the
            portfolio of awards made under subsections (a) and (b). Such
            evaluation shall--
                        (A) use a common set of benchmarks and tools to
                    assess the results of research conducted under such
                    awards and identify best practices; and
                        (B) to the extent practicable, integrate the
                    findings of research resulting from the activity or
                    activities funded through such awards with the findings
                    of other research on rural students' pursuit of degrees
                    or careers in STEM.
                (2) Report on evaluations.--Not later than 180 days after
            the completion of the evaluation under paragraph (1), the
            Director shall submit to Congress and make widely available to
            the public a report that includes--
                        (A) the results of the evaluation; and
                        (B) any recommendations for administrative and
                    legislative action that could optimize the
                    effectiveness of the awards made under this subsection.
        (g) Report by Committee on Equal Opportunities in Science and
    Engineering.--As part of the first report required by section 36(e) of
    the Science and Engineering Equal Opportunities Act (42 U.S.C.
    1885c(e)) transmitted to Congress after the date of enactment of this
    division, the Committee on Equal Opportunities in Science and
    Engineering, in consultation with the Chief Diversity Officer of the
    National Science Foundation, shall include--
                (1) a description of past and present policies and
            activities of the Foundation to encourage full participation of
            students in rural communities in science, mathematics,
            engineering, and computer science fields;
                (2) an assessment of trends in participation of rural
            students in prekindergarten through grade 12 in Foundation
            activities; and
                (3) an assessment of the policies and activities of the
            Foundation, along with proposals for new strategies or the
            broadening of existing successful strategies towards
            facilitating the goal of increasing participation of rural
            students in prekindergarten through grade 12 in Foundation
            activities.
        (h) Coordination.--In carrying out this subsection, the Director
    shall, for purposes of enhancing program effectiveness and avoiding
    duplication of activities, consult, cooperate, and coordinate with the
    programs and policies of other relevant Federal agencies.
        (i) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be
    appropriated to the Director--
                (1) $8,000,000 to carry out the activities under subsection
            (a) for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027; and
                (2) $12,000,000 to carry out the activities under
            subsection (b) for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027.

    SEC. 10513. OPPORTUNITIES FOR ONLINE EDUCATION.

        (a) In General.--The Director shall make competitive awards to
    institutions of higher education or nonprofit organizations (or a
    consortium thereof, which may include a private sector partner) to
    conduct research on online STEM education courses for rural
    communities.
        (b) Research Areas.--The research areas eligible for funding under
    this subsection shall include--
                (1) evaluating the learning and achievement of rural
            students in prekindergarten through grade 12 in STEM subjects;
                (2) understanding how computer-based and online
            professional development courses and mentor experiences can be
            integrated to meet the needs of educators, principals, and
            other school leaders of rural students in prekindergarten
            through grade 12;
                (3) combining computer-based and online STEM education and
            training with mentoring and other applied learning
            arrangements;
                (4) leveraging online programs to supplement STEM studies
            for rural students that need physical and academic
            accommodation; and
                (5) any other activity the Director determines will
            accomplish the goals of this subsection.
        (c) Evaluations.--All proposals for awards under this section shall
    include an evaluation plan that includes the use of outcome-oriented
    measures to assess the impact and efficacy of the award. Each recipient
    of an award under this subsection shall include results from these
    evaluative activities in annual and final projects.
        (d) Accountability and Dissemination.--
                (1) Evaluation required.--The Director shall evaluate the
            portfolio of awards made under this subsection. Such evaluation
            shall--
                        (A) use a common set of benchmarks and tools to
                    assess the results of research conducted under such
                    awards and identify best practices; and
                        (B) to the extent practicable, integrate findings
                    from activities carried out pursuant to research
                    conducted under this section, with respect to the
                    pursuit of careers and degrees in STEM, with those
                    activities carried out pursuant to other research on
                    serving rural students and communities.
                (2) Report on evaluations.--Not later than 180 days after
            the completion of the evaluation under paragraph (1), the
            Director shall submit to Congress and make widely available to
            the public a report that includes--
                        (A) the results of the evaluation; and
                        (B) any recommendations for administrative and
                    legislative action that could optimize the
                    effectiveness of the awards made under this section.
        (e) Coordination.--In carrying out this section, the Director
    shall, for purposes of enhancing program effectiveness and avoiding
    duplication of activities, consult, cooperate, and coordinate with the
    programs and policies of other relevant Federal agencies.

    SEC. 10514. NATIONAL ACADEMIES EVALUATION.

        (a) Study.--Not later than 12 months after the date of enactment of
    this division, the Director shall enter into an agreement with the
    National Academies under which the National Academies agree to conduct
    an evaluation and assessment that--
                (1) evaluates the quality and quantity of current Federal
            programming and research directed at examining STEM education
            for students in prekindergarten through grade 12 and workforce
            development in rural areas;
                (2) in coordination with the Federal Communications
            Commission, assesses the impact that the scarcity of broadband
            connectivity in rural communities, and the affordability of
            broadband connectivity, have on STEM and technical literacy for
            students in prekindergarten through grade 12 in rural areas;
                (3) assesses the core research and data needed to
            understand the challenges rural areas are facing in providing
            quality STEM education and workforce development;
                (4) makes recommendations for action at the Federal, State,
            and local levels for improving STEM education, including online
            STEM education, for students in prekindergarten through grade
            12 and workforce development in rural areas; and
                (5) makes recommendations to inform the implementation of
            programs in sections 10512 and 10513 (___-LOG262) and (___-
            LOG263).
        (b) Report to Director.--The agreement entered into under
    subsection (a) shall require the National Academies, not later than 24
    months after the date of enactment of this division, to submit to the
    Director a report on the study conducted under such paragraph,
    including the National Academies' findings and recommendations.
        (c) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be
    appropriated to the Director to carry out this section $1,000,000 for
    fiscal year 2023.

    SEC. 10515. GAO REVIEW.

        Not later than 3 years after the date of enactment of this
    division, the Comptroller General of the United States shall conduct a
    study on the engagement of rural populations in Federal STEM education
    programs and submit to Congress a report that includes--
                (1) an assessment of how Federal STEM education programs
            are serving rural populations;
                (2) a description of initiatives carried out by Federal
            agencies that are targeted at supporting STEM education in
            rural areas;
                (3) an assessment of what is known about the impact and
            effectiveness of Federal investments in STEM education programs
            that are targeted to rural areas; and
                (4) an assessment of challenges that State and Federal STEM
            education programs face in reaching rural population centers.

    SEC. 10516. NIST ENGAGEMENT WITH RURAL COMMUNITIES.

        (a) Prize Competition.--Pursuant to section 24 of the Stevenson-
    Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3719), the
    Secretary of Commerce shall carry out a program to award prizes
    competitively to stimulate research and development of creative
    technologies to support the deployment of affordable and reliable
    broadband connectivity in rural communities, including unserved rural
    communities.
        (b) Plan for Deployment in Rural Communities.--Each proposal
    submitted pursuant to subsection (a) shall include a proposed plan for
    deployment of the technology that is the subject of such proposal.
        (c) Prize Amount.--In carrying out the program under subsection
    (a), the Secretary may award not more than a total of $5,000,000 to one
    or more winners of the prize competition.
        (d) Report.--Not later than 60 days after the date on which a prize
    is awarded under the prize competition, the Secretary shall submit to
    the relevant committees of Congress a report that describes the winning
    proposal of the prize competition.
        (e) Consultation.--In carrying out the program under this section,
    the Secretary shall consult with the Federal Communications Commission
    and the heads of relevant departments and agencies of the Federal
    Government.

                        Subtitle C--MSI STEM Achievement

    SEC. 10521. GAO REVIEW.

        Not later than three years after the date of the enactment of this
    Act, the Comptroller General of the United States shall report to
    Congress--
                (1) an inventory of competitive funding programs and
            initiatives carried out by Federal research agencies that are
            targeted to HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs or partnerships with HBCUs,
            TCUs, and MSIs;
                (2) an assessment of Federal research agency outreach
            activities to increase the participation and competitiveness of
            HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs in the funding programs and initiatives
            identified in paragraph (1); and
                (3) recommendations of the Comptroller General to increase
            the participation of and the rate of success of HBCUs, TCUs,
            and MSIs in competitive funding programs offered by Federal
            research agencies.

    SEC. 10522. AGENCY RESPONSIBILITIES.

        (a) In General.--In consultation with outside stakeholders and the
    heads of Federal research agencies and the Interagency Working Group on
    Inclusion in STEM, the Director of the Office of Science and Technology
    Policy shall develop a uniform set of policy guidelines for Federal
    research agencies to carry out a sustained program of outreach
    activities to increase clarity, transparency, and accountability for
    Federal research agency investments in STEM education and research
    activities at HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs, including such institutions in
    rural areas.
        (b) Outreach Activities.--In developing policy guidelines under
    subsection (a) the Director of the Office of Science and Technology
    Policy shall include guidelines that require each Federal research
    agency--
                (1) to designate a liaison for HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs
            responsible for--
                        (A) enhancing direct communication with HBCUs,
                    TCUs, and MSIs to increase the Federal research
                    agency's understanding of the capacity and needs of
                    such institutions and to raise awareness of available
                    Federal funding opportunities at such institutions;
                        (B) coordinating programs, activities, and
                    initiatives while accounting for the capacity and needs
                    of HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs;
                        (C) tracking Federal research agency investments in
                    and engagement with HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs; and
                        (D) reporting progress toward increasing
                    participation of HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs in award
                    programs;
                (2) to the extent practicable, to produce an annual summary
            of funding opportunities and proposal deadlines targeted at
            HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs, including for grants, contracts,
            subcontracts, and cooperative agreements;
                (3) to the extent practicable, identifying in annual budget
            requests potential areas for collaboration with HBCUs, TCUs,
            and MSIs in the relevant fiscal year, including relating to
            potential meetings and workshops;
                (4) to investigate proposal structures that support broader
            participation by emerging research institutions, including
            HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs;
                (5) to conduct on-site reviews of research facilities at
            HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs, as practicable, and make recommendations
            regarding strategies for becoming more competitive in research;
                (6) to hold geographically accessible or virtual workshops
            on research priorities of the Federal research agency and on
            how to write competitive award proposals and how to bolster
            award management capacity for the entire award lifecycle, from
            application to completion;
                (7) to ensure opportunities for HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs to
            directly communicate with Federal research agency officials
            responsible for managing competitive award programs in order to
            receive feedback on research ideas and proposals, including
            guidance on the Federal research agency's merit review process;
            and
                (8) to foster mutually beneficial public-private
            collaboration among Federal research agencies, industry,
            Federal laboratories, academia, and nonprofit organizations
            to--
                        (A) identify alternative sources of funding for
                    STEM education and research at HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs;
                        (B) provide access to high-quality, relevant
                    research experiences for students and faculty of HBCUs,
                    TCUs, and MSIs;
                        (C) expand the professional networks of students
                    and faculty of HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs;
                        (D) broaden STEM educational opportunities for
                    students and faculty of HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs; and
                        (E) support the transition of students of HBCUs,
                    TCUs, and MSIs into the STEM workforce;
        (c) Strategic Plan.--
                (1) In general.--Not later than one year after the date of
            the enactment of this Act, the Director of the Office of
            Science and Technology Policy, in collaboration with the head
            of each Federal research agency, shall submit to Congress a
            report containing a strategic plan which reflects the plans of
            each Federal research agency to increase the capacity of HBCUs,
            TCUs, and MSIs to compete effectively for grants, contracts, or
            cooperative agreements and to encourage HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs
            to participate in Federal programs.
                (2) Considerations.--In developing a strategic plan under
            paragraph (1), the Director and the head of each Federal
            research agency shall consider the following:
                        (A) Issuing new or expanding existing funding
                    opportunities targeted to HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs.
                        (B) Modifying existing research and development
                    program solicitations to incentivize effective
                    partnerships with HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs.
                        (C) Offering planning grants for HBCUs, TCUs, and
                    MSIs to develop or equip grant offices with the
                    requisite depth of knowledge to submit competitive
                    grant proposals and manage awarded grants.
                        (D) Offering additional training programs,
                    including individualized and timely guidance to grant
                    officers, faculty, and postdoctoral researchers at
                    HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs to ensure their understanding of
                    the requirements for an effective grant proposal.
                        (E) Other approaches for making current competitive
                    funding models more accessible for underresourced
                    HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs.
        (d) Report on Policy Guidelines.--Not later than two years after
    the date of the enactment of this Act and every five years thereafter,
    the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy shall
    report to Congress on the implementation by Federal research agencies
    of the policy guidelines developed under this section.
        (e) Report on Coordination of Federal STEM Education.--Subsection
    (d) of section 101(d) of the America COMPETES Reauthorization Act of
    2010 (42 U.S.C. 6621) is amended--
                (1) in paragraph (7) by striking ``and'';
                (2) in paragraph (8) by striking the period at the end;
                (3) by adding at the end the following:
                ``(9) an account of Federal research agency investments in
            HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs, including, to the degree practicable,
            data on the level of participation of HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs as
            prime recipients, contractors, subrecipients, or subcontractors
            of an award, or reasonable estimates thereof; and
                ``(10) a description of material changes to the
            implementation of section 10522 of the Research and
            Development, Competition, and Innovation Act.''.

    SEC. 10523. RESEARCH AT THE NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION.

        (a) In General.--The Director shall make awards, on a competitive
    basis, to institutions of higher education or nonprofit organizations
    (or consortia thereof) to--
                (1) conduct research described in subsection (b) with
            respect to HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs; and
                (2) identify and broadly disseminate effective models for
            programs and practices at HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs that promote
            the education and workforce preparation of minority students
            pursuing STEM studies and careers in which such students are
            underrepresented.
        (b) Research.--Research described in this subsection is research on
    the contribution of HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs to the education and training
    of underrepresented minority students in STEM fields and to the meeting
    of national STEM workforce needs, including relating to the following:
                (1) The diversity with respect to local context, cultural
            differences, and institutional structure among HBCUs, TCUs, and
            MSIs and any associated impact on education and research
            endeavors.
                (2) Effective practices at HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs and
            associated outcomes on student recruitment, retention, and
            advancement in STEM fields, including the ability for students
            to compete for fellowships, employment, and advancement in the
            workforce.
                (3) Contributions made by HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs to local,
            regional, and national workforces.
                (4) The challenges and opportunities for HBCUs, TCUs, and
            MSIs in attaining the resources needed for integrating
            effective practices in STEM education, including providing
            research experiences for underrepresented minority students.
                (5) The access of students at HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs to STEM
            infrastructure and any associated outcomes for STEM competency.
                (6) Models of STEM curriculum, learning, and teaching
            successful at HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs for increasing
            participation, retention, and success of underrepresented
            minority students.
                (7) Successful or promising partnerships between HBCUs,
            TCUs, and MSIs and other institutions of higher education,
            private sector and nonprofit organizations, Federal
            laboratories, and international research institutions.
        (c) Research Experiences.--Awards under this section may fund the
    development or expansion of opportunities for the exchange of students
    and faculty to conduct research, facilitate professional development,
    and provide mentorship, including through partnerships with
    institutions of higher education that are not HBCUs, TCUs, or MSIs,
    private sector and nonprofit organizations, Federal laboratories, and
    international research institutions.

    SEC. 10524. CAPACITY-BUILDING PROGRAM FOR DEVELOPING UNIVERSITIES.

        (a) Awards.--
                (1) In general.--The Director shall make awards, on a
            competitive basis, to eligible institutions described in
            subsection (b) to support the mission of the Foundation and to
            build institutional research capacity at eligible institutions.
                (2) Administration.--The Director may administer separate
            competitions for each category of eligible institution
            described in subparagraphs (A) through (C) of subsection (b)(1)
            in order to ensure fair competition for institutions with
            significantly different research capacities.
        (b) Eligible Institutions.--To be eligible to receive an award
    under this subsection, an entity--
                (1) shall be--
                        (A) a historically Black college or university;
                        (B) a Tribal College or University;
                        (C) a minority-serving institution;
                        (D) an institution of higher education with an
                    established STEM capacity-building program focused on
                    Native Hawaiians and Alaska Natives; or
                        (E) consortia thereof;
                (2) shall--
                        (A) have not more than $50,000,000 in annual
                    federally financed research and development
                    expenditures for science and engineering as reported
                    through the National Science Foundation Higher
                    Education Research and Development Survey; or
                        (B) not be an institution classified as having very
                    high research activity by the Carnegie Classification
                    of Institutions of Higher Education.
        (c) Partnerships.--In making awards under this section, the
    Director shall--
                (1) encourage entities that are consortia of eligible
            institutions to submit proposals and require such proposals to
            include a plan for establishing a sustained partnership that is
            jointly developed and managed, draws from the capacities of
            each institution, and is mutually beneficial;
                (2) encourage proposals submitted in partnership with the
            private sector, nonprofit organizations, Federal laboratories,
            and international research institutions, as appropriate;
                (3) require proposals described in paragraphs (1) and (2)
            to include a plan to strengthen the administrative and research
            capacity of the partnering HBCUs, TCUs, or MSIs to lead future
            proposals.
        (d) Very High Research Activity Status Historically Black Colleges
    and Universities Program.--Awards under this section may be used to
    enable HBCUs which have high research activity status to achieve very
    high research activity status, as classified under the Carnegie
    Classification of Institutions of Higher Education, by enabling--
                (1) faculty professional development;
                (2) stipends for graduate and undergraduate students, and
            postdoctoral scholars;
                (3) acquisition of laboratory equipment and
            instrumentation; and
                (4) other activities as necessary to build research
            capacity.
        (e) Proposals.--To receive an award under this subsection, an
    eligible institution shall submit an application to the Director at
    such time, in such manner, and containing such information as the
    Director may require, including--
                (1) a plan that describes how the eligible institution will
            establish or expand research office capacity and how such award
            would be used to--
                        (A) conduct an assessment of capacity-building and
                    research infrastructure needs of an eligible
                    institution;
                        (B) enhance institutional resources to provide
                    administrative research development support to faculty
                    at an eligible institution;
                        (C) bolster the institutional research
                    competitiveness of an eligible institution to support
                    awards made by the Foundation;
                        (D) support the acquisition of instrumentation
                    necessary to build research capacity at an eligible
                    institution in research areas directly associated with
                    the Foundation;
                        (E) increase capability of an eligible institution
                    to move technology into the marketplace;
                        (F) increase engagement with industry to execute
                    research through the SBIR and STTR programs (as such
                    terms are defined in section 9(e) of the Small Business
                    Act (15 U.S.C. 638(e)) and direct contracts at an
                    eligible institution;
                        (G) enhance STEM curriculum and research training
                    opportunities at the undergraduate, graduate, and
                    postdoctoral levels at an eligible institution;
                        (H) further faculty development initiatives and
                    strengthen institutional research training
                    infrastructure, capacity, and competitiveness of an
                    eligible institution;
                        (I) address plans and prospects for long-term
                    sustainability of institutional enhancements at an
                    eligible institution resulting from the award
                    including, if applicable, how the award may be
                    leveraged by an eligible institution to build a broader
                    base of support; and
                        (J) develop and implement mechanisms for
                    institutions of higher education to partner with HBCUs,
                    TCUs, and MSIs on STEM education, including the
                    facilitation of student exchanges, course and resource
                    sharing, collaboration, and matriculation of students
                    to either institution's graduate programs, mentoring
                    programs for students and junior faculty, joint
                    research projects, and student access to graduate
                    education; and
                (2) as relevant, a plan, which shall be updated every three
            years, that describes the institution's strategy to achieve
            very high research activity status, including making
            investments with institutional and non-Federal funds, to
            achieve that status within a decade of the grant award, to the
            extent practicable.
        (f) MSI Centers of Innovation.--Awards under this section may fund
    the establishment of not more than five MSI Centers of Innovation to
    leverage successes of HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs in STEM education and
    research training of underrepresented minority students as models for
    other institutions, including both HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs and
    institutions of higher education that are not HBCUs, TCUs, or MSIs.
    Such centers will be located on campuses of selected HBCUs, TCUs, or
    MSIs, and serve as incubators to allow institutions of higher education
    to experiment, pilot, evaluate, and scale up promising practices.
        (g) Awards.--Awards made under this subsection shall be for periods
    of three years and may be extended for periods of not more than five
    years.
        (h) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be
    appropriated to the Director $200,000,000 for fiscal year 2023 and
    $250,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2024 through 2027 to carry out
    the activities in this section and section 10523.
        (i) Report on Improving the Research Capacity at High Research
    Activity Historically Black Colleges and Universities.--
                (1) In general.--Not later than one year after the date of
            the enactment of this Act, the National Science and Technology
            Council shall prepare and submit a report that--
                        (A) identifies challenges and barriers to Federal
                    research and development awards for high research
                    activity status HBCUs; and
                        (B) identifies recommendations for Federal research
                    agencies to sustainably boost the research capacity of
                    high research activity status HBCUs through awards-
                    making authorities.
                (2) Report submission.--The National Science and Technology
            Council shall transmit the report required under paragraph (1)
            to the Director, the Administrator of the National Aeronautics
            and Space Administration, the Secretary of Agriculture, the
            Secretary of Commerce, the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary
            of Energy, the Secretary of Health and Human Services, and the
            heads of other such agencies as determined relevant by the
            National Science and Technology Council.
                (3) Information from federal agencies.--The National
            Science and Technology Council may secure directly from a
            Federal department or agency such information as the National
            Science and Technology Council considers necessary to prepare
            the report required under paragraph (1). Upon a request from
            the National Science and Technology Council, the head of a
            Federal department or agency shall furnish such information as
            is requested to the National Science and Technology Council.

    SEC. 10525. TRIBAL COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES PROGRAM.

        (a) Awards to Broaden Tribal College and University Student
    Participation in Computer Science.--Section 525 of the America COMPETES
    Reauthorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 1862p-13) is amended by adding
    at the end the following:
        ``(d) Awards to Broaden Tribal College and University Student
    Participation in Computer Science.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Director, as part of the program
            authorized under this section, shall make awards on a
            competitive, merit-reviewed basis to eligible entities to
            increase the participation of Tribal populations in computer
            science and computational thinking education programs to enable
            students to develop skills and competencies in coding, problem-
            solving, critical thinking, creativity and collaboration.
                ``(2) Purpose.--Awards made under this subsection shall
            support--
                        ``(A) research and development needed to bring
                    computer science and computational thinking courses and
                    degrees to Tribal Colleges or Universities;
                        ``(B) research and development of instructional
                    materials needed to integrate computer science and
                    computational thinking into programs that are
                    culturally relevant to students attending Tribal
                    Colleges or Universities;
                        ``(C) research, development and evaluation of
                    distance education for computer science and
                    computational thinking courses and degree programs for
                    students attending Tribal Colleges and Universities;
                    and
                        ``(D) other activities consistent with the
                    activities described in paragraphs (1) through (4) of
                    subsection (b), as determined by the Director.
                ``(3) Partnerships.--A Tribal College or University seeking
            an award under this subsection, or consortia thereof, may
            partner with an institution of higher education or nonprofit
            organization with demonstrated expertise in academic program
            development.
                ``(4) Coordination.--In carrying out this subsection, the
            Director shall consult and cooperate with the programs and
            policies of other relevant Federal agencies to avoid
            duplication with and enhance the effectiveness of the program
            under this subsection.
                ``(5) Authorization of appropriations.--There are
            authorized to be appropriated to the Director $2,000,000 in
            each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027 to carry out this
            subsection.''.
        (b) Evaluation.--
                (1) In general.--Not later than two years after the date of
            the enactment of this Act, the Director shall evaluate the
            award program authorized under section 525 of the America
            COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 1862p-13), as
            amended by subsection (a).
                (2) Requirements.--In conducting the evaluation under
            paragraph (1), the Director shall, as practicable--
                        (A) use a common set of benchmarks and assessment
                    tools to identify best practices and materials
                    developed or demonstrated by the research conducted
                    pursuant to award programs under section 525 of the
                    America COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C.
                    1862p-13), as amended by subsection (a);
                        (B) include an assessment of the effectiveness of
                    such award programs in expanding access to high quality
                    STEM education, research, and outreach at Tribal
                    Colleges or Universities, as applicable;
                        (C) assess the number of students who participated
                    in such award programs; and
                        (D) assess the percentage of students participating
                    in such award programs who successfully complete their
                    education programs.
                (3) Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date on
            which the evaluation under paragraph (1) is completed, the
            Director shall submit to Congress and make available to the
            public, a report on the results of the evaluation, including
            any recommendations for legislative action that could optimize
            the effectiveness of the award program authorized under section
            525 of the America COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 2010, as
            amended by subsection (a).

    SEC. 10526. DEFINITIONS.

        In this subtitle:
                (1) Director.--The term ``Director'' means the Director of
            the National Science Foundation.
                (2) HBCU.--The term ``HBCU'' has the meaning given the term
            ``part B institution'' in section 322 of the Higher Education
            Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1061).
                (3) Minority serving institution.--The term ``minority
            serving institution'' or ``MSI'' means Hispanic-Serving
            Institutions as defined in section 502 of the Higher Education
            Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1101a); Alaska Native Serving
            Institutions and Native Hawaiian-Serving Institutions as
            defined in section 317 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20
            U.S.C. 1059d); and Predominantly Black Institutions, Asian
            American and Native American Pacific Islander-Serving
            Institutions, and Native American-Serving Nontribal
            Institutions as defined in section 371 of the Higher Education
            Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1067q(c)).
                (4) TCU.--The term ``TCU'' has the meaning given the term
            ``Tribal College or University'' in section 316 of the Higher
            Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1059c).

               Subtitle D--Combating Sexual Harassment in Science

    SEC. 10531. FINDINGS.

        Congress makes the following findings:
                (1) According to the report issued by the National
            Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine in 2018
            entitled ``Sexual Harassment of Women: Climate, Culture, and
            Consequences in Academic Sciences, Engineering, and
            Medicine''--
                        (A) sexual harassment is pervasive in institutions
                    of higher education;
                        (B) the most common type of sexual harassment is
                    gender harassment;
                        (C) 58 percent of individuals in the academic
                    workplace experience sexual harassment, the second
                    highest rate when compared to the military, the private
                    sector, and Federal, State, and local government;
                        (D) women who are members of racial or ethnic
                    minority groups are more likely to experience sexual
                    harassment and to feel unsafe at work than White women,
                    White men, or men who are members of such groups;
                        (E) the training for each individual who has a
                    Doctor of Philosophy in the science, technology,
                    engineering, and mathematics fields is estimated to
                    cost approximately $500,000; and
                        (F) attrition of an individual so trained results
                    in a loss of talent and money.
                (2) According to a 2017 University of Illinois study, among
            astronomers and planetary scientists, 18 percent of women who
            are members of racial or ethnic minority groups and 12 percent
            of White women skipped professional events because they did not
            feel safe attending.
                (3) Reporting procedures with respect to sexual harassment
            are inconsistent among Federal research agencies and have
            varying degrees of accessibility.
                (4) There is not adequate communication among Federal
            research agencies and between such agencies and recipients
            regarding reports of sexual harassment, which has resulted in
            harassers receiving Federal funding after moving to a different
            institution.

    SEC. 10532. PURPOSE.

        The purpose of this subtitle is to increase understanding of the
    causes and consequences of sex-based and sexual harassment, as
    discussed in the report issued by the National Academies in 2018
    entitled ``Sexual Harassment of Women: Climate, Culture, and
    Consequences in Academic Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine'', and to
    advance evidence-based approaches to reduce the prevalence and negative
    impact of such harassment.

    SEC. 10533. DEFINITION.

        In this subtitle, the term ``Director'' means the Director of the
    National Science Foundation.

    SEC. 10534. RESEARCH AWARDS.

        (a) In General.--The Director shall make awards, on a competitive
    basis, to institutions of higher education or nonprofit organizations
    (or consortia of such institutions or organizations)--
                (1) to expand research efforts to better understand the
            factors contributing to, and consequences of, sex-based and
            sexual harassment affecting individuals in the STEM workforce,
            including students and trainees; and
                (2) to examine approaches to reduce the incidence and
            negative consequences of such harassment.
        (b) Use of Funds.--Activities funded by an award under this section
    may include--
                (1) research on the sex-based and sexual harassment
            experiences of individuals, including in racial and ethnic
            minority groups, disabled individuals, foreign nationals,
            sexual-minority individuals, and others;
                (2) development and assessment of policies, procedures,
            trainings, and interventions, with respect to sex-based and
            sexual harassment, conflict management, and ways to foster
            respectful and inclusive climates;
                (3) research on approaches for remediating the negative
            impacts and outcomes of such harassment on individuals
            experiencing such harassment;
                (4) support for institutions of higher education or
            nonprofit organizations to develop, adapt, implement, and
            assess the impact of innovative, evidence-based strategies,
            policies, and approaches to policy implementation to prevent
            and address sex-based and sexual harassment;
                (5) research on alternatives to the power dynamics,
            hierarchical, and dependent relationships, including but not
            limited to the mentor-mentee relationship, in academia that
            have been shown to create higher levels of risk for and lower
            levels of reporting of sex- based and sexual harassment; and
                (6) establishing a center for the ongoing compilation,
            management, and analysis of organizational climate survey data.

    SEC. 10535. RESPONSIBLE CONDUCT GUIDE.

        (a) In General.--Not later than 180 days after the date of
    enactment of this Act, the Director shall enter into an agreement with
    the National Academies to update the report entitled ``On Being a
    Scientist: A Guide to Responsible Conduct in Research'' issued by the
    National Academies. The report, as so updated, shall include--
                (1) updated professional standards of conduct in research;
                (2) promising practices for preventing, addressing, and
            mitigating the negative impact of sex-based and sexual
            harassment, to include--
                        (A) standards of treatment individuals can expect
                    to receive under updated standards of conduct;
                        (B) evidence-based practices for fostering a
                    climate intolerant of sex-based, sexual, and other
                    forms of harassment;
                        (C) methods, including bystander intervention, for
                    identifying and addressing incidents of such
                    harassment; and
                        (D) professional standards for mentorship and
                    teaching with an emphasis on power diffusion mechanisms
                    and preventing such harassment; and
                (3) promising practices for mitigating potential security
            risks that threaten research security.
        (b) Report.--Not later than 18 months after the effective date of
    the agreement under subsection (a), the National Academies, as part of
    such agreement, shall submit to the Director and the Committee on
    Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives and the
    Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate the
    report referred to in such subparagraph, as updated pursuant to such
    subparagraph.

    SEC. 10536. INTERAGENCY WORKING GROUP.

        (a) In General.--The Director of the Office of Science and
    Technology Policy, acting through the National Science and Technology
    Council, shall establish or designate an interagency working group for
    the purpose of coordinating Federal research agency efforts to reduce
    the prevalence of sex-based and sexual harassment involving award
    personnel. In coordination with the working group on inclusion in STEM
    fields established under section 308 of the American Innovation and
    Competitiveness Act (42 U.S.C. 6626) and the Safe Inclusive Research
    Environments Subcommittee of the National Science and Technology
    Council, and in consultation with representatives from each Federal
    research agency, the Office for Civil Rights at the Department of
    Health and Human Services, the Office for Civil Rights at the
    Department of Education, and the Equal Employment Opportunity
    Commission, the working group shall--
                (1) not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment
            of this Act, submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and
            Technology, the Committee on Education and Labor, and the
            Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of
            Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and
            Transportation and the Committee on Health, Education, Labor,
            and Pensions of the Senate an inventory of Federal research
            agency policies, procedures, and resources dedicated to
            preventing and responding to reports of sex-based and sexual
            harassment;
                (2) not later than 6 months after the date on which the
            inventory is submitted under paragraph (1)--
                        (A) in consultation with outside stakeholders,
                    develop a consistent set of policy guidelines for
                    Federal research agencies; and
                        (B) submit a report to the committees referred to
                    in paragraph (1) containing such guidelines;
                (3) encourage and monitor efforts of Federal research
            agencies to develop or maintain and implement policies based on
            the guidelines developed under paragraph (2);
                (4) not later than 1 year after the date on which the
            inventory under paragraph (1) is submitted, and every 5 years
            thereafter, the Director of the Office of Science and
            Technology Policy shall report to Congress on the
            implementation by Federal research agencies of the policy
            guidelines developed under paragraph (2); and
                (5) update such policy guidelines as needed.
        (b) Requirements.--In developing policy guidelines under subsection
    (a)(2), the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy
    shall include guidelines that require, to the extent practicable--
                (1) recipients to submit to the Federal research agency or
            agencies from which the recipients receive funding reports
            relating to--
                        (A) any decision made to launch a formal
                    investigation of sex-based or sexual harassment,
                    including bullying, retaliation, or hostile working
                    conditions by, or of, award personnel;
                        (B) administrative action, related to an allegation
                    against award personnel of any such harassment, as set
                    forth in organizational policies or codes of conduct,
                    statutes, regulations, or executive orders, that
                    affects the ability of award personnel or their
                    trainees to carry out the activities of the award;
                        (C) the total number of investigations with no
                    findings or determinations of misconduct including such
                    harassment;
                        (D) findings or determinations of such harassment,
                    as set forth in organizational policies or codes of
                    conduct, statutes, regulations, or Executive orders by,
                    or of, award personnel, including the final disposition
                    of a matter involving a violation of organizational
                    policies and processes, to include the exhaustion of
                    permissible appeals, or a determination of a sexual
                    offense in a court of law, or any other disciplinary
                    action taken;
                (2) the sharing, updating, and archiving of reports of sex-
            based and sexual harassment from recipients submitted under
            paragraph (1) with relevant Federal research agencies, on a
            yearly basis and by agency request; and
                (3) consistency among Federal research agencies with regard
            to the policies and procedures for receiving reports submitted
            pursuant to paragraph (1).
                (4) FERPA.--The Director of the Office of Science and
            Technology Policy shall ensure that such guidelines and
            requirements are consistent with the requirements of section
            444 of the General Education Provisions Act (20 U.S.C. 1232g)
            (commonly referred to as the ``Family Educational Rights and
            Privacy Act of 1974'').
                (5) Privacy protections.--The Director of the Office of
            Science and Technology Policy shall ensure that such guidelines
            and requirements--
                        (A) do not infringe upon the privacy rights of
                    individuals associated with reports submitted to
                    Federal research agencies; and
                        (B) do not require recipients to provide interim
                    reports to Federal research agencies.
        (c) Considerations.--In carrying out subsection (a)(2), the
    Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy shall consider
    issuing guidelines that require or incent--
                (1) recipients to periodically assess their organizational
            climate, which may include the use of climate surveys, focus
            groups, or exit interviews;
                (2) recipients to publish on a publicly available internet
            website the results of assessments conducted pursuant to
            paragraph (1), disaggregated by sex and, if practicable, race,
            ethnicity, disability status, and sexual orientation, and in a
            manner that does not include personally identifiable
            information;
                (3) recipients to make public on an annual basis the number
            of reports of sex-based and sexual harassment at that
            institution or organization;
                (4) recipients to regularly assess and improve policies,
            procedures, and interventions to reduce the prevalence of and
            improve the reporting of sex-based and sexual harassment;
                (5) each entity applying for a research and development
            award certify that a code of conduct is in place for
            maintaining a healthy and welcoming workplace for award
            personnel and posted on their public website;
                (6) each recipient and Federal research agency to have in
            place mechanisms for addressing the needs of individuals who
            have experienced sex-based and sexual harassment, including
            those individuals seeking to reintegrate at the recipient
            entity; and
                (7) recipients to work to create a climate intolerant of
            sex- based and sexual harassment and that values and promotes
            diversity and inclusion.
        (d) Federal Research Agency Implementation.--Not later than 270
    days after receiving the guidelines under paragraph (a)(2), each
    Federal research agency shall--
                (1) develop or maintain and implement policies with respect
            to sex-based and sexual harassment that are consistent with
            policy guidelines under subsection (a)(2) and that protect the
            privacy of all parties involved in any report and investigation
            of sex-based or sexual harassment, to the maximum extent
            practicable; and
                (2) broadly disseminate such policies to current and
            potential recipients of research and development awards made by
            such agency.

    SEC. 10537. NATIONAL ACADEMIES ASSESSMENT.

        Not later than 3 years after the date of enactment of this Act, the
    Director shall enter into an agreement with the National Academies to
    undertake a study and issue a report on the influence of sex-based and
    sexual harassment in institutions of higher education on the career
    advancement of individuals in the STEM workforce. The study shall
    assess--
                (1) the state of research on sex-based and sexual
            harassment in such workforce;
                (2) whether research demonstrates a decrease in the
            prevalence of sex-based and sexual harassment in such
            workforce;
                (3) the progress made with respect to implementing
            recommendations promulgated in the National Academies consensus
            study report entitled ``Sexual Harassment of Women: Climate,
            Culture, and Consequences in Academic Sciences, Engineering,
            and Medicine'';
                (4) where to focus future efforts with respect to
            decreasing the prevalence of sex-based and sexual harassment in
            such institutions, including specific recommendations; and
                (5) other recommendations and issues, as the National
            Academies determines appropriate.

    SEC. 10538. GAO STUDY.

        Not later than 3 years after the date of enactment of this
    division, the Comptroller General of the United States shall--
                (1) complete a study that assesses the degree to which
            Federal research agencies have implemented the policy
            guidelines developed under section 10536(a)(2) and the
            effectiveness of that implementation; and
                (2) submit a report to the Committee on Science, Space, and
            Technology of the House of Representatives and the Committee on
            Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate on the
            results of such study, including recommendations on potential
            changes to practices and policies to improve those guidelines
            and that implementation.

    SEC. 10539. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

        There is authorized to be appropriated to the Director to carry out
    this subtitle, $32,500,000.

           TITLE VI--MISCELLANEOUS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY PROVISIONS

                Subtitle A--Supporting Early-career Researchers

    SEC. 10601. EARLY-CAREER RESEARCH FELLOWSHIP PROGRAM.

        (a) In General.--The Director of the National Science Foundation
    may establish a 2-year pilot program to make awards to highly qualified
    early-career investigators to carry out an independent research program
    at the institution of higher education or participating Federal
    research facility chosen by such investigator, to last for a period not
    greater than two years.
        (b) Selection Process.--The Director of the National Science
    Foundation shall select recipients under subsection (a) from among
    citizens, nationals, and lawfully admitted permanent resident aliens of
    the United States.
        (c) Outreach.--The Director of the National Science Foundation
    shall conduct program outreach to recruit fellowship applicants--
                (1) from all regions of the country;
                (2) from historically underrepresented populations in the
            fields of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics;
            and
                (3) who graduate from or intend to carry out research at a
            variety of types of institutions of higher education,
            including--
                        (A) historically Black colleges and universities;
                        (B) Tribal Colleges and Universities;
                        (C) minority-serving institutions;
                        (D) institutions of higher education that are not
                    among the top 50 institutions in annual Federal funding
                    for research; and
                        (E) EPSCoR institutions.
        (d) Special Consideration.--The Director of the National Science
    Foundation shall give special consideration and priority to an
    application from an individual who graduated from or is intending to
    carry out research at an institution of the type specified in
    subsection (c)(3).
        (e) Reports From Fellows.--Not later than 180 days after the end of
    the pilot program under this section, each early-career investigator
    who receives an award under the pilot program shall submit to the
    Director of the National Science Foundation a report that describes how
    the early-career investigator used the award funds.
        (f) Report From the Director.--Not later than 90 days after the
    conclusion of the second year of the pilot program, the Director of the
    National Science Foundation shall submit to Congress a report that
    includes the following:
                (1) A summary of the uses of award funds under this section
            and the impact of the pilot program under this section.
                (2) Statistical summary data on fellowship awardees
            disaggregated by race, ethnicity, sex, geography, age, years
            since completion of doctoral degree, and institution type.
                (3) If determined effective, a plan for permanent
            implementation of the pilot program.

    SEC. 10602. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

         There is authorized to be appropriated to the Director of the
    National Science Foundation $250,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023
    through 2024 to carry out the activities in this subtitle.

              Subtitle B--National Science and Technology Strategy

    SEC. 10611. NATIONAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY STRATEGY.

        Section 206 of the National Science and Technology Policy,
    Organization, and Priorities Act of 1976 (42 U.S.C. 6615) is amended to
    read as follows:

    ``SEC. 206. NATIONAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY STRATEGY.

        ``(a) In General.--Not later than December 31 of the year
    immediately after the calendar year in which a review under section
    206B is completed, the Director of the Office of Science and Technology
    Policy shall, in coordination with the National Science and Technology
    Council, develop and submit to Congress a comprehensive national
    science and technology strategy of the United States to meet national
    research and development objectives for the following 4-year period (in
    this section referred to as `the national science and technology
    strategy').
        ``(b) Requirements.--In developing each national science and
    technology strategy described in subsection (a), the Director of the
    Office of Science and Technology Policy shall--
                ``(1) consider--
                        ``(A) the recommendations and priorities developed
                    by the review under section 206B;
                        ``(B) the most recently published interim or final
                    national security strategy report submitted pursuant to
                    section 108 of the National Security Act of 1947 (50
                    U.S.C. 3043);
                        ``(C) other relevant national plans, reports, and
                    strategies; and
                        ``(D) the strategic plans of relevant Federal
                    departments and agencies; and
                ``(2) include a description of--
                        ``(A) strategic objectives and research priorities
                    necessary to maintain and advance--
                                ``(i) the leadership of the United States
                            in science and technology, including in the key
                            technology focus areas, including near-term,
                            medium-term, and long-term economic
                            competitiveness; and
                                ``(ii) the leadership of the United States
                            in technologies required to address societal
                            and national challenges, including a transition
                            to a circular economy;
                        ``(B) programs, policies, and activities that the
                    President recommends across all Federal departments and
                    agencies to achieve the strategic objectives and
                    research priorities described in subparagraph (A);
                        ``(C) plans to promote sustainability practices and
                    strategies for increasing jobs in the United States;
                        ``(D) global trends in science and technology,
                    including potential threats to the leadership of the
                    United States in science and technology and
                    opportunities for international collaboration in
                    science and technology; and
                        ``(E) plans to foster the development of
                    international partnerships to reinforce domestic policy
                    actions, build new markets, engage in collaborative
                    research, and create an international environment that
                    reflects United States values and protects United
                    States interests.
        ``(c) Consultation.--The Director of the Office of Science and
    Technology Policy shall consult as necessary with the Office of
    Management and Budget and other appropriate elements of the Executive
    Office of the President to ensure that the recommendations and
    priorities delineated in the science and technology strategy are
    incorporated in the development of annual budget requests.
        ``(d) Bi-Annual Briefing to Congress.--The Director of the Office
    of Science and Technology Policy shall provide on a bi-annual basis,
    after each release of the national science and technology strategy, a
    briefing to the relevant congressional committees, which may include
    updates on the following:
                ``(1) The status and development of the national science
            and technology strategy, including any significant changes.
                ``(2) The implementation of the national science and
            technology strategy.
                ``(3) Any other information about the national science and
            technology strategy, as determined by the Director of the
            Office of Science and Technology Policy.
        ``(e) Publication.--The Director of the Office of Science and
    Technology Policy shall, consistent with the protection of national
    security and other sensitive matters to the maximum extent practicable,
    make each national science and technology strategy publicly available
    on an internet website of the Office. Each report may include a
    classified annex if the Director of the Office of Science and
    Technology Policy determines such is appropriate.
        ``(f) Termination.--This section terminates on the date that is ten
    years after the date of the enactment of this section.''.

    SEC. 10612. STRATEGY AND REPORT ON THE NATION'S ECONOMIC SECURITY,
                  SCIENCE, RESEARCH, AND INNOVATION TO SUPPORT THE NATIONAL
                  SECURITY STRATEGY.

        (a) Definitions.--In this section:
                (1) Foreign country of concern.--The term ``foreign country
            of concern'' means the People's Republic of China, the
            Democratic People's Republic of Korea, the Russian Federation,
            the Islamic Republic of Iran, or any other country determined
            to be a country of concern by the Department of State.
                (2) Foreign entity of concern.--The term ``foreign entity
            of concern'' means a foreign entity that is--
                        (A) designated as a foreign terrorist organization
                    by the Secretary of State under section 219(a) of the
                    Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1189(a));
                        (B) included on the list of specially designated
                    nationals and blocked persons maintained by the Office
                    of Foreign Assets Control of the Department of the
                    Treasury (commonly known as the SDN list);
                        (C) owned by, controlled by, or subject to the
                    jurisdiction or direction of a government of a foreign
                    country that is a covered nation (as such term is
                    defined in section 4872 of title 10, United States
                    Code);
                        (D) alleged by the Attorney General to have been
                    involved in activities for which a conviction was
                    obtained under--
                                (i) chapter 37 of title 18, United States
                            Code (commonly known as the Espionage Act);
                                (ii) section 951 or 1030 of title 18,
                            United States Code;
                                (iii) chapter 90 of title 18, United States
                            Code (commonly known as the Economic Espionage
                            Act of 1996);
                                (iv) the Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C.
                            2751 et seq.);
                                (v) section 224, 225, 226, 227, or 236 of
                            the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C. 2274,
                            2275, 2276, 2277, and 2284);
                                (vi) the Export Control Reform Act of 2018
                            (50 U.S.C. 4801 et seq.); or
                                (vii) the International Emergency Economic
                            Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.); or
                        (E) determined by the Secretary of Commerce, in
                    consultation with the Secretary of Defense and the
                    Director of National Intelligence, to be engaged in
                    unauthorized conduct that is detrimental to the
                    national security or foreign policy of the United
                    States.
                (3) National security strategy.--The term ``national
            security strategy'' means the national security strategy
            required under section 108 of the National Security Act of 1947
            (50 U.S.C. 3043).
        (b) Strategy and Report.--
                (1) In general.--Not later than 90 days after the
            transmission of each national security strategy under section
            108(a) of the National Security Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C.
            3043(a)), the President, acting through the Director of the
            Office of Science and Technology Policy, shall, in coordination
            with the National Science and Technology Council, the National
            Security Council, the Director of the National Economic
            Council, and the heads of such other relevant Federal agencies
            as the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy
            considers appropriate and in consultation with such
            nongovernmental partners as the Director of the Office of
            Science and Technology Policy considers appropriate--
                        (A) review such strategy, including the national
                    defense strategy under subsection (g) of section 113 of
                    title 10, United States Code, and the national science
                    and technology strategy under section 206 of the
                    National Science and Technology Policy, Organization,
                    and Priorities Act of 1976 (42 U.S.C. 6615), programs,
                    and resources as the Director of the Office of Science
                    and Technology Policy determines pertain to United
                    States' national competitiveness in science,
                    technology, research, innovation, and technology
                    transfer activities, including patenting and licensing,
                    that support the national security strategy;
                        (B) develop or revise a national strategy to
                    improve the national competitiveness of United States
                    science, technology, research, and innovation to
                    support the national security strategy; and
                        (C) submit to Congress--
                                (i) a report on the findings of the
                            Director of the Office of Science and
                            Technology Policy with respect to the review
                            conducted pursuant to subparagraph (A); and
                                (ii) the strategy developed or revised
                            pursuant to subparagraph (B).
                (2) Termination.--This subsection terminates on the date
            that is 5 years after the date of the enactment of this Act.
        (c) Elements.--
                (1) Report.--Each report submitted under subsection
            (b)(1)(C)(i) shall include the following:
                        (A) An assessment of the efforts of the United
                    States Government to preserve United States leadership
                    in key emerging technologies and prevent United States
                    strategic competitors from leveraging advanced
                    technologies to gain strategic military or economic
                    advantages over the United States.
                        (B) An assessment of public and private investment
                    in science and technology relevant to national security
                    purposes, and the implications of such for the
                    geostrategic position of the United States.
                        (C) A description of the prioritized economic
                    security interests and objectives.
                        (D) An assessment of global trends in science and
                    technology, including potential threats to the national
                    security of the United States in science and
                    technology.
                        (E) An assessment of the national debt and its
                    implications for the economic and national security of
                    the United States.
                        (F) An assessment of how regional innovation
                    capacity efforts in STEM fields are contributing and
                    could contribute to the national security the United
                    States, including programs run by State and local
                    governments.
                        (G) An assessment of the following:
                                (i) Workforce needs for competitiveness in
                            technology areas identified in the national
                            security strategy.
                                (ii) Any efforts needed to expand pathways
                            into technology fields to achieve the goals of
                            the national security strategy.
                        (H) An assessment of barriers to the development,
                    evolution, or competitiveness of start-ups, small and
                    mid-sized business entities, and industries that are
                    critical to national security.
                        (I) An assessment of the effectiveness of the
                    Federal Government, federally funded research and
                    development centers, and national laboratories in
                    supporting and promoting the technology
                    commercialization and technology transfer of
                    technologies critical to national security.
                        (J) An assessment of manufacturing capacity,
                    logistics, and supply chain dynamics of major export
                    sectors that are critical to national security,
                    including access to a skilled workforce, physical
                    infrastructure, and broadband network infrastructure.
                        (K) An assessment of how the Federal Government is
                    increasing the participation of underrepresented
                    populations in science, research, innovation, and
                    manufacturing.
                        (L) An assessment of public-private partnerships in
                    technology commercialization in support of national
                    security, including--
                                (i) the structure of current defense
                            technology research and commercialization
                            arrangements with regard to public-private
                            partnerships; and
                                (ii) the extent to which intellectual
                            property developed with Federal defense
                            funding--
                                        (I) is being used to manufacture in
                                    the United States rather than in other
                                    countries; and
                                        (II) is being used by foreign
                                    business entities that are majority
                                    owned or controlled (as such term is
                                    defined in section 800.208 of title 31,
                                    Code of Federal Regulations, or a
                                    successor regulation), or minority
                                    owned greater than 25 percent by--
                                                (aa) any governmental
                                            organization of a foreign
                                            country of concern; or
                                                (bb) any other entity that
                                            is--

                                                        (AA) known to be
                                                    owned or controlled by
                                                    any governmental
                                                    organization of a
                                                    foreign country of
                                                    concern; or

                                                        (BB) organized
                                                    under, or otherwise
                                                    subject to, the laws of
                                                    a foreign country of
                                                    concern.

                        (M) Recommendations to enhance the ability of the
                    Federal Government to recruit into Federal service and
                    retain in such service individuals with critical skills
                    relevant to national security.
                        (N) Recommendations for policies to protect United
                    States leadership and the allies of the United States
                    in critical areas relevant to national security through
                    targeted export controls, investment screening, and
                    counterintelligence activities.
                        (O) Informed by the interagency process established
                    under section 1758 of the Export Control Reform Act of
                    2018, a technology annex, which may be classified,
                    describing an integrated and enduring approach to the
                    identification, prioritization, development, and
                    fielding of emerging technologies relevant to national
                    security.
                (2) Strategy.--Each strategy submitted under subsection
            (b)(1)(C)(ii) shall, to the extent practicable, include the
            following:
                        (A) A plan to utilize available tools to address or
                    minimize the leading threats and challenges and to take
                    advantage of the leading opportunities, particularly in
                    regards to technologies central to international
                    competition in science and technology relevant to
                    national security purposes, including the following:
                                (i) Specific objectives, tasks, metrics,
                            and milestones for each relevant Federal
                            agency.
                                (ii) Strategic objectives and priorities
                            necessary to maintain the leadership of the
                            United States in science and technology
                            relevant to national security purposes,
                            including near-term, medium-term, and long-term
                            research priorities.
                                (iii) Specific plans to safeguard research
                            and technology funded, as appropriate, in whole
                            or in part, by the Federal Government,
                            including in technologies critical to national
                            security, from theft or exfiltration by foreign
                            entities of concern.
                                (iv) Specific plans to support public and
                            private sector investment in research,
                            technology development, education and workforce
                            development, and domestic manufacturing
                            supportive of the national security of the
                            United States and to foster the use of public-
                            private partnerships.
                                (v) A description of the following:
                                        (I) How the strategy submitted
                                    under subsection (b)(1)(C)(ii) supports
                                    the national security strategy.
                                        (II) How the strategy submitted
                                    under such subsection is integrated and
                                    coordinated with the most recent--
                                                (aa) national defense
                                            strategy under subsection (g)
                                            of section 113 of title 10,
                                            United States Code; and
                                                (bb) national science and
                                            technology strategy under
                                            section 206 of the National
                                            Science and Technology Policy,
                                            Organization, and Priorities
                                            Act of 1976 (42 U.S.C. 6615).
                                (vi) A plan to encourage the governments of
                            countries that are allies or partners of the
                            United States to cooperate with the execution
                            of such strategy, where appropriate.
                                (vii) A plan for strengthening the
                            industrial base of the United States.
                                (viii) A plan to remove or update overly
                            burdensome or outdated Federal regulations, as
                            appropriate.
                                (ix) A plan--
                                        (I) to further incentivize industry
                                    participation in public-private
                                    partnerships for the purposes of
                                    accelerating technology research and
                                    commercialization in support of
                                    national security, including alternate
                                    ways of accounting for in-kind
                                    contributions and valuing partially
                                    manufactured products;
                                        (II) to ensure that intellectual
                                    property developed with Federal funding
                                    is commercialized in the United States;
                                    and
                                        (III) to ensure, to the maximum
                                    appropriate extent, that intellectual
                                    property developed with Federal funding
                                    is not being used by foreign business
                                    entities that are majority owned or
                                    controlled (as such term is defined in
                                    section 800.208 of title 31, Code of
                                    Federal Regulations, or a successor
                                    regulation), or minority owned greater
                                    than 25 percent by--
                                                (aa) any governmental
                                            organization of a foreign
                                            country of concern; or
                                                (bb) any other entity that
                                            is--

                                                        (AA) known to be
                                                    owned or controlled by
                                                    any governmental
                                                    organization of a
                                                    foreign country of
                                                    concern; or

                                                        (BB) organized
                                                    under, or otherwise
                                                    subject to, the laws of
                                                    a foreign country of
                                                    concern.

                                (x) An identification of additional
                            resources, administrative action, or
                            legislative action recommended to assist with
                            the implementation of such strategy.
        (d) Research and Development Funding.--The Director of the Office
    of Science and Technology Policy shall, as the Director of the Office
    of Science and Technology Policy considers necessary, consult with the
    Director of the Office of Management and Budget and with the heads of
    such other elements of the Executive Office of the President as the
    Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy considers
    appropriate to ensure the recommendations and priorities with respect
    to research and development funding relevant to national security, as
    expressed in the most recent report and strategy submitted under
    subsection (b)(1)(C) are incorporated into the development of annual
    budget requests for Federal research agencies.
        (e) Publication.--The Director of the Office of Science and
    Technology Policy shall, consistent with the protection of national
    security and other sensitive matters and to the maximum extent
    practicable, make each report submitted under subsection (b)(1)(C)(i)
    publicly available on an internet website of the Office of Science and
    Technology Policy. Each such report may include a classified annex if
    the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy determines
    such is appropriate.

    SEC. 10613. QUADRENNIAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY REVIEW.

        The National Science and Technology Policy, Organization, and
    Priorities Act of 1976 (42 U.S.C. 6601 et seq.) is amended by inserting
    after section 206 the following new section:

    ``SEC. 206B. QUADRENNIAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY REVIEW.

        ``(a) Requirements.--
                ``(1) Quadrennial reviews required.--Not later than
            December 31, 2023, and every four years thereafter, the
            Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy shall
            complete a review of the science and technology enterprise of
            the United States (in this section referred to as the
            `quadrennial science and technology review').
                ``(2) Scope.--The quadrennial science and technology review
            shall be a comprehensive examination of the science and
            technology strategy of the United States, including
            recommendations for maintaining global leadership in science
            and technology and advancing science and technology to address
            the societal and national challenges and guidance regarding the
            coordination of programs, assets, capabilities, budget,
            policies, and authorities across all Federal research and
            development programs.
                ``(3) Consultation.--The Director of the Office of Science
            and Technology Policy shall conduct each quadrennial science
            and technology review in consultation with the following:
                        ``(A) The National Science and Technology Council.
                        ``(B) The President's Council of Advisors on
                    Science and Technology.
                        ``(C) The National Science Board.
                        ``(D) The National Security Council.
                        ``(E) The heads of other relevant Federal agencies.
                        ``(F) Other relevant governmental and
                    nongovernmental entities, including representatives
                    from industry, institutions of higher education,
                    nonprofit organizations, Members of Congress, and other
                    policy experts.
                ``(4) Coordination.--The Director of the Office of Science
            and Technology Policy shall ensure that each quadrennial
            science and technology review is coordinated with other
            relevant statutorily required reviews, and to the maximum
            extent practicable incorporates information and recommendations
            from existing reviews to avoid duplication.
        ``(b) Contents.--In each quadrennial science and technology review,
    the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy shall--
                ``(1) provide an integrated view of, and recommendations
            for, science and technology policy across the Federal
            Government, while considering economic and national security
            and other societal and national challenges;
                ``(2) assess and recommend priorities for research,
            development, and demonstration programs to maintain United
            States leadership in science and technology, including in
            manufacturing and industrial innovation;
                ``(3) assess and recommend priorities for research,
            development, and demonstration programs to address societal and
            national challenges;
                ``(4) assess the global competition in science and
            technology and identify potential threats to the leadership of
            the United States in science and technology and opportunities
            for international collaboration;
                ``(5) assess and make recommendations on the science,
            technology, engineering, mathematics, and computer science
            workforce of the United States;
                ``(6) assess and make recommendations to improve regional
            innovation across the United States;
                ``(7) identify and assess sectors critical for the long-
            term resilience of United States innovation leadership across
            design, manufacturing, supply chains, and markets;
                ``(8) assess and make recommendations to improve
            translation of basic and applied research and the enhancement
            of technology transfer of federally funded research;
                ``(9) identify, assess, and make recommendations to address
            science and technology gaps that would not be met without
            Federal investment;
                ``(10) review administrative and legislative policies and
            funding opportunities that affect private sector science and
            technology activities, and identify and make recommendations
            regarding policies that maintain and grow the participation and
            competitiveness of small- and medium-sized businesses;
                ``(11) assess and identify the infrastructure and tools
            needed to maintain the leadership of the United States in
            science and technology and address other societal and national
            challenges; and
                ``(12) review administrative or legislative policies that
            affect the science and technology enterprise and identify and
            make recommendations regarding policies that hinder research
            and development in the United States.
        ``(c) Reporting.--
                ``(1) In general.--Not later than December 31 of the year
            in which a quadrennial science and technology review is
            conducted, the Director of the Office of Science and Technology
            Policy shall submit to Congress a report relating to such
            review.
                ``(2) Publication.--The Director of the Office of Science
            and Technology Policy shall, consistent with the protection of
            national security and other sensitive matters to the maximum
            extent practicable, make each report submitted under paragraph
            (1) publicly available on an internet website of the Office of
            Science and Technology Policy. Each report may include a
            classified annex if the Director of the Office of Science and
            Technology Policy determines such appropriate.
        ``(d) Termination.--This section shall terminate on the date that
    is ten years after the date of the enactment of this section.''.

                        Subtitle C--Regional Innovation

    SEC. 10621. REGIONAL INNOVATION CAPACITY.

        (a) In General.--The Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of
    1980 (Public Law 96-480; 15 U.S.C. 3701 et seq.) is amended--
                (1) by redesignating section 28 as section 30; and
                (2) by inserting after section 27 the following:

    ``SEC. 28. REGIONAL TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION HUB PROGRAM.

        ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
                ``(1) Appropriate committees of congress.--The term
            `appropriate committees of Congress' means--
                        ``(A) the Committee on Commerce, Science, and
                    Transportation, the Committee on Environment and Public
                    Works, and the Committee on Appropriations of the
                    Senate; and
                        ``(B) the Committee on Science, Space, and
                    Technology and the Committee on Appropriations of the
                    House of Representatives.
                ``(2) Cooperative extension services.--The term
            `cooperative extension services' has the meaning given the term
            in section 1404 of the Food and Agriculture Act of 1977 (7
            U.S.C. 3103).
                ``(3) Site connectivity infrastructure.--The term `site
            connectivity infrastructure' means localized driveways and
            access roads to a facility as well as hookups to the new
            facility for drinking water, waste water, broadband, and other
            basic infrastructure services already present in the area.
                ``(4) Venture development organization.--The term `venture
            development organization' has the meaning given such term in
            section 27(a) of the Stevenson-Wydler Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C.
            3722(a)).
                ``(5) Community development financial institution.--The
            term `community development financial institution' has the
            meaning given in section 103 of the Community Development
            Banking and Financial Institutions Act of 1994 (12 U.S.C.
            4702).
                ``(6) Minority depository institution.--The term `minority
            depository institution' means an entity that is--
                        ``(A) a minority depository institution, as defined
                    in section 308 of the Financial Institutions Reform,
                    Recovery, and Enforcement Act of 1989 (12 U.S.C. 1463
                    note); or
                        ``(B) considered to be a minority depository
                    institution by--
                                ``(i) the appropriate Federal banking
                            agency; or
                                ``(ii) the National Credit Union
                            Administration, in the case of an insured
                            credit union.
                ``(7) Low population state.--The term `low population
            State' means a State without an urbanized area with a
            population greater than 250,000 as reported in the decennial
            census.
                ``(8) Small and rural communities.--The term `small and
            rural community' means a noncore area, a micropolitan area, or
            a small metropolitan statistical area with a population of not
            more than 250,000.
        ``(b) Regional Technology and Innovation Hub Program.--
                ``(1) In general.--Subject to the availability of
            appropriations, the Secretary shall carry out a program--
                        ``(A) to encourage new and constructive
                    collaborations among local, State, Tribal, and Federal
                    government entities, institutions of higher education,
                    the private sector, economic development organizations,
                    labor organizations, nonprofit organizations, and
                    community organizations that promote broad-based
                    regional innovation initiatives;
                        ``(B) to support eligible consortia in the
                    development and implementation of regional innovation
                    strategies;
                        ``(C) to designate eligible consortia as regional
                    technology and innovation hubs and facilitate
                    activities by consortia designated as regional
                    technology and innovation hubs in implementing their
                    regional innovation strategies--
                                ``(i) to enable United States leadership in
                            technology and innovation sectors critical to
                            national and economic security;
                                ``(ii) to support regional economic
                            development and resilience, including in small
                            cities and rural areas, and promote increased
                            geographic diversity of innovation across the
                            United States;
                                ``(iii) to promote the benefits of
                            technology development and innovation for all
                            Americans, including underserved communities
                            and vulnerable communities;
                                ``(iv) to support the modernization and
                            expansion of United States manufacturing based
                            on advances in technology and innovation;
                                ``(v) to support domestic job creation and
                            broad-based economic growth; and
                                ``(vi) to improve the pace of market
                            readiness, industry maturation, and overall
                            commercialization and domestic production of
                            innovative research;
                        ``(D) to ensure that the regional technology and
                    innovation hubs address the intersection of emerging
                    technologies and either regional challenges or national
                    challenges; and
                        ``(E) to conduct ongoing research, evaluation,
                    analysis, and dissemination of best practices for
                    regional development and competitiveness in technology
                    and innovation.
                ``(2) Awards.--The Secretary shall carry out the program
            required by paragraph (1) through the award of the following:
                        ``(A) Strategy development grants or cooperative
                    agreements to eligible consortia under subsection (e).
                        ``(B) Strategy implementation grants or cooperative
                    agreements to regional technology and innovation hubs
                    under subsection (f).
                ``(3) Administration.--The Secretary shall carry out this
            section through the Assistant Secretary of Commerce for
            Economic Development in coordination with the Under Secretary
            of Commerce for Standards and Technology.
        ``(c) Eligible Consortia.--For purposes of this section, an
    eligible consortium is a consortium that--
                ``(1) includes 1 or more of each of the following--
                        ``(A) institutions of higher education, which may
                    include Historically Black Colleges and Universities,
                    Tribal Colleges or Universities, and minority-serving
                    institutions;
                        ``(B) State, territorial, local, or Tribal
                    governments or other political subdivisions of a State,
                    including State and local agencies, or a consortium
                    thereof;
                        ``(C) industry or firms in relevant technology,
                    innovation, or manufacturing sectors;
                        ``(D) economic development organizations or similar
                    entities that are focused primarily on improving
                    science, technology, innovation, entrepreneurship, or
                    access to capital; and
                        ``(E) labor organizations or workforce training
                    organizations, which may include State and local
                    workforce development boards as established under
                    sections 101 and 107 of the Workforce Investment and
                    Opportunity Act (29 U.S.C. 3111; 3122); and
                ``(2) may include 1 or more--
                        ``(A) economic development entities with relevant
                    expertise, including a district organization (as
                    defined in section 300.3 of title 13, Code of Federal
                    Regulations, or successor regulation);
                        ``(B) organizations that contribute to increasing
                    the participation of underserved populations in
                    science, technology, innovation, and entrepreneurship;
                        ``(C) venture development organizations;
                        ``(D) organizations that promote local economic
                    stability, high-wage domestic jobs, and broad-based
                    economic opportunities, such as employee ownership
                    membership associations and State or local employee
                    ownerships and cooperative development centers,
                    financial institutions and investment funds, including
                    community development financial institutions and
                    minority depository institutions;
                        ``(E) elementary schools and secondary schools,
                    including area career and technical education schools
                    (as defined in section 3 of the Carl D. Perkins Career
                    and Technical Education Act of 2006 (29 U.S.C. 2302);
                        ``(F) National Laboratories (as defined in section
                    2 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 15801));
                        ``(G) Federal laboratories;
                        ``(H) Manufacturing extension centers;
                        ``(I) Manufacturing USA institutes;
                        ``(J) transportation planning organizations;
                        ``(K) a cooperative extension services;
                        ``(L) organizations that represent the perspectives
                    of underserved communities in economic development
                    initiatives; and
                        ``(M) institutions receiving an award under section
                    10388 of the Research and Development, Competition, and
                    Innovation Act.
        ``(d) Designation of Regional Technology and Innovation Hubs.--
                ``(1) In general.--In carrying out subsection (b)(1)(C),
            the Secretary shall use a competitive, merit-review process to
            designate eligible consortia as regional technology and
            innovation hubs.
                ``(2) Distribution.--In conducting the competitive process
            under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall ensure geographic and
            demographic diversity in the designation of regional technology
            hubs by, subject to available appropriations, designating at
            least 20 technology hubs, and--
                        ``(A) seeking to designate at least three
                    technology hubs in each region covered by a regional
                    office of the Economic Development Administration,
                    while--
                                ``(i) ensuring that not fewer than one-
                            third of eligible consortia so designated as
                            regional technology hubs significantly benefit
                            a small and rural community, which may include
                            a State or territory described in clauses (ii)
                            and (iii);
                                ``(ii) ensuring that not fewer than one-
                            third of eligible consortia so designated as
                            regional technology hubs include as a member of
                            the eligible consortia at least 1 member that
                            is a State or territory that is eligible to
                            receive funding from the Established Program to
                            Stimulate Competitive Research of the National
                            Science Foundation; and
                                ``(iii) ensuring that at least one eligible
                            consortium so designated as a regional
                            technology hub is headquartered in a low
                            population State that is eligible to receive
                            funding from the Established Program to
                            Stimulate Competitive Research of the National
                            Science Foundation;
                        ``(B) seeking to designate an additional two
                    regional technology hubs based on selection factors
                    which shall include likelihood of success and may
                    include regional factors such as the extent to which
                    the regional technology and innovation hub
                    significantly engages and benefits underserved
                    communities in and near metropolitan areas;
                        ``(C) encouraging eligible consortia to leverage
                    institutions of higher education serving populations
                    historically underrepresented in STEM, including
                    historically Black Colleges and Universities, Tribal
                    Colleges or Universities, and minority-serving
                    institutions to significantly benefit an area or
                    region; and
                        ``(D) encouraging proposals from eligible consortia
                    that would significantly benefit an area or region
                    whose economy significantly relies on or has recently
                    relied on coal, oil, or natural gas production or
                    development.
                ``(3) Relation to certain grant awards.--The Secretary
            shall not require an eligible consortium to receive a grant or
            cooperative agreement under subsection (e) in order to be
            designated as a regional technology and innovation hub under
            paragraph (1) of this subsection.
        ``(e) Strategy Development Grants and Cooperative Agreements.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall use a competitive,
            merit-review process to award grants or cooperative agreements
            to eligible consortia for the development of regional
            innovation strategies.
                ``(2) Number of recipients.--Subject to availability of
            appropriations, the Secretary shall seek to award a grant or
            cooperative agreement under paragraph (1) to not fewer than 60
            eligible consortia.
                ``(3) Geographic diversity and representation.--
                        ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall carry out
                    paragraph (1) in a manner that ensures geographic
                    diversity and representation from communities of
                    differing populations.
                        ``(B) Awards to small and rural communities.--In
                    carrying out paragraph (1), the Secretary shall--
                                ``(i) award not fewer than one-third of the
                            grants and cooperative agreements under such
                            paragraph to eligible consortia that
                            significantly benefit a small and rural
                            community, which may include a State described
                            in clause (ii); and
                                ``(ii) award not fewer than one-third of
                            the grants and cooperative agreements under
                            such paragraph to eligible consortia that
                            include as a member of the eligible consortia
                            at least 1 member that is a State or territory
                            that is eligible to receive funding from the
                            Established Program to Stimulate Competitive
                            Research of the National Science Foundation.
                ``(4) Use of funds.--
                        ``(A) Use of funds under this grant shall include--
                                ``(i) coordination of a locally defined
                            planning processes, across jurisdictions and
                            agencies, relating to developing a
                            comprehensive regional technology strategy;
                                ``(ii) identification of regional
                            partnerships for developing and implementing a
                            comprehensive regional technology strategy;
                                ``(iii) implementation or updating of
                            assessments to determine regional needs and
                            capabilities;
                                ``(iv) development or updating of goals and
                            strategies to implement an existing
                            comprehensive regional plan;
                                ``(v) identification or implementation of
                            planning and local zoning and other code
                            changes necessary to implement a comprehensive
                            regional technology strategy; and
                                ``(vi) development of plans for promoting
                            broad-based economic growth in a region.
                        ``(B) Use of funds under this grant may include the
                    formation of a workforce development strategy,
                    according to the needs for a skilled and technical
                    workforce at all skill and degree levels in the region
                    proposed to be served by the eligible consortia. Any
                    workforce development strategy submitted pursuant to
                    paragraph (1) should include--
                                ``(i) how the eligible consortia will
                            develop, offer, or improve educational or
                            career training programs and curriculum for a
                            skilled and technical workforce;
                                ``(ii) the extent to which such programs
                            developed and offered by the eligible consortia
                            will meet the educational or career training
                            needs of a skilled and technical workforce in
                            the region to be served;
                                ``(iii) how the eligible consortia will
                            provide facilities for students to receive
                            training under such programs developed and
                            offered by the eligible consortia; and
                                ``(iv) how the eligible consortia will
                            enhance outreach and recruitment for such
                            programs developed and offered by the eligible
                            consortia to populations underrepresented in
                            STEM.
                ``(5) Federal share.--The Federal share of the cost of an
            effort carried out using a grant or cooperative agreement
            awarded under this subsection may not exceed 80 percent--
                        ``(A) where in-kind contributions may be used for
                    all or part of the non-Federal share, but Federal
                    funding from other government sources may not count
                    towards the non-Federal share;
                        ``(B) except in the case of an eligible consortium
                    that represents all or part of a small and rural or
                    other underserved community, the Federal share may be
                    up to 90 percent of the total cost, subject to
                    subparagraph (A); and
                        ``(C) except in the case of an eligible consortium
                    that is led by a Tribal government, the Federal share
                    may be up to 100 percent of the total cost of the
                    project.
        ``(f) Strategy Implementation Grants and Cooperative Agreements.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall use a competitive,
            merit-review process to award grants or cooperative agreements
            to regional technology and innovation hubs for the
            implementation of regional innovation strategies, including
            regional strategies for infrastructure and site development, in
            support of the regional innovation and technology and
            innovation hub's plans and programs. The Secretary should
            determine the size and number of awards based on appropriations
            available to ensure the success of regional technology and
            innovation hubs as outlined in subsection (h).
                ``(2) Use of funds.--Grants or cooperative agreements
            awarded under paragraph (1) to a regional technology and
            innovation hub may be used by the regional technology and
            innovation hub to support any of the following activities,
            consistent with the most current regional innovation strategy
            of the regional technology and innovation hub, which may have
            been developed with or without financial assistance received
            under subsection (e) of this section:
                        ``(A) Workforce development activities.--Workforce
                    development activities including activities relating to
                    the following:
                                ``(i) The creation of partnerships between
                            industry, workforce, nonprofit, and educational
                            institutions, which may include community
                            colleges, to create and align technical
                            training and educational programs, including
                            for a skilled technical workforce.
                                ``(ii) The design, development, and
                            updating of educational and training curriculum
                            and programs, including training of trainers,
                            teachers, or instructors tied to demonstrated
                            regional skilled and technical workforce needs.
                                ``(iii) The procurement of facilities and
                            equipment, as required to train a skilled and
                            technical workforce.
                                ``(iv) The development and execution of
                            programs, including traineeships and
                            apprenticeships, to rapidly provide training
                            and award certificates or credentials
                            recognized by regional industries or other
                            organizations.
                                ``(v) The matching of regional employers
                            with a potential new entrant, underemployed,
                            underrepresented, reentering, or incumbent
                            workforce, as well as the securing of
                            commitments from employers to hire workers who
                            successfully complete training programs, or who
                            are awarded certificates or credentials.
                                ``(vi) The expansion of successful training
                            programs at a scale required by the region
                            served by the regional technology and
                            innovation hub, including through the use of
                            online education and mentoring.
                                ``(vii) The development and expansion of
                            programs with the goal of increasing the
                            participation of persons historically
                            underrepresented in STEM and manufacturing in
                            the workforce development plans of the regional
                            technology and innovation hub.
                                ``(viii) The provision of support services
                            for attendees of training programs developed,
                            updated, or expanded pursuant to this
                            subsection, including career counseling.
                                ``(ix) The implementation of outreach and
                            recruitment for training programs developed,
                            updated, or expanded pursuant to this
                            subsection, particularly at local educational
                            institutions, including high schools and
                            community colleges.
                        ``(B) Business and entrepreneur development
                    activities.--Business and entrepreneur development
                    activities, including activities relating to the
                    following:
                                ``(i) The development and growth of local
                            and regional businesses and the training of
                            entrepreneurs, which may include support for
                            the expansion of employee owned businesses and
                            cooperatives.
                                ``(ii) The support of technology
                            commercialization, including funding for
                            activities relevant to the protection of
                            intellectual property and for advancing
                            potential ventures such as acceleration,
                            incubation, early-stage production and other
                            relevant programming.
                                ``(iii) The development of local and
                            regional capital networks and consortia to
                            attract necessary private funding to businesses
                            and entrepreneurs in the region.
                                ``(iv) The development of local and
                            regional networks for business and entrepreneur
                            mentorship.
                        ``(C) Technology development and maturation
                    activities.--Technology maturation activities,
                    including activities relating to the following:
                                ``(i) The development and deployment of
                            technologies in sectors critical to the region
                            served by the regional technology and
                            innovation hub or to national and economic
                            security, including industry-university
                            research cooperation, proof of concept,
                            prototype development, testing, and scale-up
                            for manufacturing.
                                ``(ii) The development of programming to
                            support the creation and transfer of
                            intellectual property into private use, such as
                            through startup creation.
                                ``(iii) The provision of facilities for
                            technology maturation, including incubators and
                            production testbeds for collaborative
                            development of technologies by private sector,
                            academic, nonprofit, and other entities.
                                ``(iv) Activities to provide or ensure
                            access to capital for new business and business
                            expansion, including by attracting new private,
                            public, and philanthropic investment and by
                            establishing local and regional venture and
                            loan funds, community development financial
                            institutions, and minority depository
                            institutions.
                        ``(D) Infrastructure-related activities.--The
                    building of facilities and site connectivity
                    infrastructure necessary to carry out activities
                    described in subparagraphs (A), (B), and (C), including
                    activities relating to the following:
                                ``(i) Establishing a center with required
                            tools and instrumentation for workforce
                            development.
                                ``(ii) Establishing a facility for
                            technology development, demonstration, and
                            testing.
                                ``(iii) Establishing collaborative
                            incubators to support technology
                            commercialization and entrepreneur training.
                ``(3) Term.--
                        ``(A) Initial performance period.--The term of an
                    initial grant or cooperative agreement awarded under
                    this subsection shall be for a period that the
                    Secretary deems appropriate for the proposed activities
                    but not less than 2 years.
                        ``(B) Subsequent performance period.--The Secretary
                    may renew a grant or cooperative agreement awarded to a
                    regional technology and innovation hub under paragraph
                    (1) for such period as the Secretary considers
                    appropriate, if the Secretary determines that the
                    regional technology and innovation hub has made
                    satisfactory progress towards the metrics agreed to
                    under subsection (j).
                        ``(C) Flexible approach.--In renewing a grant or
                    cooperative agreement under subparagraph (B), the
                    Secretary and the eligible consortium may agree to new
                    or additional uses of funds in order to meet changes in
                    the needs of the region.
                ``(4) Limitation on amount of awards.--
                        ``(A) Initial performance period.--The amount of an
                    initial grant or cooperative agreements awarded to a
                    regional technology and innovation hub under paragraph
                    (3)(A) shall be no more than $150,000,000.
                        ``(B) Subsequent performance period.--Upon renewal
                    of a grant or cooperative agreement under paragraph
                    (3)(B), the Secretary may award funding in the amount
                    that the Secretary considers appropriate, ensuring that
                    no single regional technology and innovation hub
                    receives more than 10 percent of the aggregate amount
                    of the grants and cooperative agreements awarded under
                    this subsection.
                ``(5) Matching required.--
                        ``(A) Initial performance period.--Except in the
                    case of a regional technology and innovation hub
                    described in subparagraph (C), the total amount of all
                    grants awarded to a regional technology and innovation
                    hub under this subsection in phase one shall not exceed
                    90 percent of the total operating costs of the regional
                    technology and innovation hub during the initial
                    performance period.
                        ``(B) Subsequent performance period.--Except in the
                    case of a regional technology and innovation hub
                    described in subparagraph (C), the total amount of all
                    grants awarded to a regional technology and innovation
                    hub in subsequent performance periods shall not exceed
                    75 percent of the total operating costs of the regional
                    technology and innovation hub in each year of the grant
                    or cooperative agreement.
                        ``(C) Small and rural communities, underserved
                    communities, and indian tribes.--
                                ``(i) In general.--The total Federal
                            financial assistance awarded in a given year to
                            a regional technology and innovation hub under
                            this subsection shall not exceed amounts as
                            follows:
                                        ``(I) In the case of a regional
                                    technology and innovation hub that
                                    primarily serves a small and rural
                                    community or other underserved
                                    community, in a fiscal year, 90 percent
                                    of the total funding of the regional
                                    technology and innovation hub in that
                                    fiscal year.
                                        ``(II) In the case of a regional
                                    technology and innovation hub that is
                                    led by a Tribal government, in a fiscal
                                    year, 100 percent of the total funding
                                    of the regional technology and
                                    innovation hub in that fiscal year.
                                ``(ii) Minimum threshold of rural
                            representation.--For purposes of clause (i)(I),
                            the Secretary shall establish a minimum
                            threshold of rural representation in the
                            regional technology and innovation hub.
                        ``(D) In-kind contributions.--For purposes of this
                    paragraph, in-kind contributions may be used for part
                    of the non-Federal share of the total funding of a
                    regional technology and innovation hub in a fiscal
                    year.
                ``(6) Grants for infrastructure.--Any grant or cooperative
            agreement awarded under this subsection to support the
            construction of facilities and site connectivity infrastructure
            shall be awarded pursuant to section 201 of the Public Works
            and Economic Development Act of 1965 (42 U.S.C. 3141) and
            subject to the provisions of such Act, except that subsection
            (b) of such section and sections 204 and 301 of such Act (42
            U.S.C. 3144; 3161) shall not apply.
                ``(7) Relation to certain grant awards.--The Secretary
            shall not require a regional technology and innovation hub to
            receive a grant or cooperative agreement under subsection (e)
            in order to receive a grant or cooperative agreement under this
            subsection.
        ``(g) Applications.--An eligible consortium seeking designation as
    a regional technology and innovation hub under subsection (d) or a
    grant or cooperative agreement under subsection (e) or (f) shall submit
    to the Secretary an application therefore at such time, in such manner,
    and containing such information as the Secretary may specify.
        ``(h) Considerations for Designation and Award of Strategy
    Implementation Grants and Cooperative Agreements.--In selecting an
    eligible consortium that submitted an application under subsection (g)
    for designation under subsection (d) or for a grant or cooperative
    agreement under subsection (f), the Secretary shall consider the
    following:
                ``(1) The potential of the eligible consortium to advance
            the research, development, deployment, and domestic
            manufacturing of technologies in a key technology focus area,
            as described in section 10387 of the Research and Development,
            Competition, and Innovation Act or other technology or
            innovation sector critical to national security and economic
            competitiveness.
                ``(2) The likelihood of positive regional economic effect,
            including increasing the number of high wage domestic jobs,
            creating new economic opportunities for economically
            disadvantaged and underrepresented populations, and building
            and retaining wealth in the region.
                ``(3) How the eligible consortium plans to integrate with
            and leverage the resources of 1 or more federally funded
            research and development centers, National Laboratories,
            Federal laboratories, Manufacturing USA institutes, Hollings
            Manufacturing Extension Partnership centers, regional
            innovation engines or translation accelerators established
            under sections 10388 and 10389 of the Research and Development,
            Competition, and Innovation Act, test beds established and
            operated under section 10390 of such Act, or other Federal
            entities.
                ``(4) How the eligible consortium will engage with the
            private sector, including small- and medium-sized businesses
            and cooperatives, and employee-owned businesses and
            cooperatives, to commercialize new technologies and improve the
            resiliency and sustainability of domestic supply chains in a
            key technology focus area, or other technology or innovation
            sector critical to national security and economic
            competitiveness.
                ``(5) How the eligible consortium will carry out workforce
            development and skills acquisition programming, including
            through partnerships with entities that include State and local
            workforce development boards, institutions of higher education,
            including community colleges, historically Black colleges and
            universities, Tribal Colleges or Universities, and minority-
            serving institutions, labor organizations, nonprofit
            organizations, workforce development programs, and other
            related activities authorized by the Secretary, to support the
            development of a skilled technical workforce for the regional
            technology and innovation hub, including key technology focus
            area or other technology or innovation sector critical to
            national security and economic competitiveness.
                ``(6) How the eligible consortium will improve or expand
            science, technology, engineering, and mathematics education
            programs and opportunities in the identified region in
            elementary and secondary school and higher education
            institutions located in the identified region to support the
            development of a key technology focus area or other technology
            or innovation sector critical to national security and economic
            competitiveness.
                ``(7) How the eligible consortium plans to develop
            partnerships with venture development organizations, community
            development financial institutions and minority depository
            institutions, and sources of private investment in support of
            private sector activity, including launching new or expanding
            existing companies in a key technology focus area or other
            technology or innovation sector critical to national security
            and economic competitiveness.
                ``(8) How the eligible consortium plans to organize the
            activities of regional partners across sectors in support of a
            regional technology and innovation hub.
                ``(9) How the eligible consortium considers opportunities
            to support local and regional businesses through procurement,
            including from minority-owned and women-owned businesses.
                ``(10) How the eligible consortium will ensure that growth
            in technology, innovation, and advanced manufacturing sectors
            produces opportunity across the identified region and for
            economically disadvantaged, minority, underrepresented and
            rural populations, including, as appropriate, consideration of
            how the eligible consortium takes into account the relevant
            impact of existing regional status and plans or may affect
            regional goals for affordable housing availability, local and
            regional transportation, high-speed internet access, and
            primary and secondary education.
                ``(11) How well the region's education institutions align
            their activities, including research, educational programs,
            training, with the proposed areas of focus.
                ``(12) The likelihood efforts served by the consortium will
            be sustained once Federal support ends.
                ``(13) How the eligible consortium will, as appropriate--
                        ``(A) enhance the economic, environmental, and
                    energy security of the United States by promoting
                    domestic development, manufacture, and deployment of
                    innovative clean technologies and advanced
                    manufacturing practices; and
                        ``(B) support translational research, technology
                    development, manufacturing innovation, and
                    commercialization activities relating to clean
                    technology.
        ``(i) Coordination and Collaboration.--
                ``(1) Coordination with regional innovation program.--The
            Secretary shall ensure the activities under this section do not
            duplicate activities or efforts under section 27.
                ``(2) Coordination among hubs.--The Secretary shall ensure
            eligible consortia that receive a grant or cooperative
            agreement under this section coordinate and share best
            practices for regional economic development.
                ``(3) Coordination with programs of the national institute
            of standards and technology.--The Secretary shall coordinate
            the activities of regional technology and innovation hubs
            designated under this section, the Hollings Manufacturing
            Extension Partnership, and the Manufacturing USA Program, as
            the Secretary considers appropriate, to maintain the
            effectiveness of a manufacturing extension center or a
            Manufacturing USA institute.
                ``(4) Coordination with department of energy programs.--The
            Secretary shall, in collaboration with the Secretary of Energy,
            coordinate the activities and selection of regional technology
            and innovation hubs designated under this section, as the
            Secretaries consider appropriate, to maintain the effectiveness
            of activities at the Department of Energy and the National
            Laboratories.
                ``(5) Interagency collaboration.--In designating regional
            technology and innovation hubs under subsection (d) and
            awarding grants or cooperative agreements under subsection (f),
            the Secretary--
                        ``(A) shall collaborate with Federal departments
                    and agencies whose missions contribute to the goals of
                    the regional technology and innovation hub;
                        ``(B) shall consult with the Director of the
                    National Science Foundation for the purpose of ensuring
                    that the regional technology and innovation hubs are
                    aligned with relevant science, technology, and
                    engineering expertise; and
                        ``(C) may accept funds from other Federal agencies
                    to support grants, cooperative agreements, and
                    activities under this section.
        ``(j) Performance Measurement, Transparency, and Accountability.--
                ``(1) Metrics, standards, and assessment.--For each grant
            and cooperative agreement awarded under subsection (f) for a
            regional technology and innovation hub, the Secretary shall--
                        ``(A) in consultation with the regional technology
                    and innovation hub, develop metrics, which may include
                    metrics relating to domestic job creation, patent
                    awards, increases in research funding, business
                    formation and expansion, and participation of
                    individuals or communities historically
                    underrepresented in STEM, to assess the effectiveness
                    of the activities funded in making progress toward the
                    purposes set forth under subsection (b)(1);
                        ``(B) establish standards for the performance of
                    the regional technology and innovation hub that are
                    based on the metrics developed under subparagraph (A);
                    and
                        ``(C) prior to any award made under a subsequent
                    performance period in subsection (f) and every 2 years
                    thereafter until Federal financial assistance under
                    this section for the regional technology and innovation
                    hub is discontinued, conduct an assessment of the
                    regional technology and innovation hub to confirm
                    whether the performance of the regional technology and
                    innovation hub is meeting the standards for performance
                    established under subparagraph (B) of this paragraph.
                ``(2) Final reports by recipients of strategy
            implementation grants and cooperative agreements.--
                        ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall require each
                    eligible consortium that receives a grant or
                    cooperative agreement under subsection (f) for
                    activities of a regional technology and innovation hub,
                    as a condition of receipt of such grant or cooperative
                    agreement, to submit to the Secretary, not later than
                    120 days after the last day of the term of the grant or
                    cooperative agreement, a report on the activities of
                    the regional technology and innovation hub supported by
                    the grant or cooperative agreement.
                        ``(B) Contents of report.--Each report submitted by
                    an eligible consortium under subparagraph (A) shall
                    include the following:
                                ``(i) A detailed description of the
                            activities carried out by the regional
                            technology and innovation hub using the grant
                            or cooperative agreement described in
                            subparagraph (A), including the following:
                                        ``(I) A description of each project
                                    the regional technology and innovation
                                    hub completed using such grant or
                                    cooperative agreement.
                                        ``(II) An explanation of how each
                                    project described in subclause (I)
                                    achieves a specific goal under this
                                    section in the region of the regional
                                    technology and innovation hub with
                                    respect to--
                                                ``(aa) the resiliency and
                                            sustainability of a supply
                                            chain;
                                                ``(bb) research,
                                            development, and deployment of
                                            a critical technology;
                                                ``(cc) workforce training
                                            and development;
                                                ``(dd) domestic job
                                            creation;
                                                ``(ee) entrepreneurship and
                                            company formation;
                                                ``(ff) commercialization;
                                                ``(gg) access to private
                                            capital; or
                                                ``(hh) participation of
                                            individuals or communities
                                            historically underrepresented
                                            in STEM.
                                ``(ii) A discussion of any obstacles
                            encountered by the regional technology and
                            innovation hub in the implementation of the
                            regional technology and innovation hub and how
                            the regional technology and innovation hub
                            overcame those obstacles.
                                ``(iii) An evaluation of the success of the
                            projects of the regional technology and
                            innovation hub using the performance standards
                            and measures established under paragraph (1),
                            including an evaluation of the planning process
                            and how the project contributes to carrying out
                            the regional innovation strategy of the
                            regional technology and innovation hub.
                                ``(iv) The effectiveness of the regional
                            technology and innovation hub in ensuring that,
                            in the region of the regional technology and
                            innovation hub, growth in technology and
                            innovation sectors produces broadly shared
                            opportunity across the region, including for
                            economic disadvantaged and underrepresented
                            populations and rural areas.
                                ``(v) Information regarding such other
                            matters as the Secretary may require.
                ``(3) Interim reports by recipients of grants and
            cooperative agreements.--In addition to requiring submittal of
            final reports under paragraph (2)(A), the Secretary may require
            a regional technology and innovation hub described in such
            paragraph to submit to the Secretary such interim reports as
            the Secretary considers appropriate.
                ``(4) Annual reports to congress.--Not less frequently than
            once each year, the Secretary shall submit to the appropriate
            committees of Congress an annual report on the results of the
            assessments conducted by the Secretary under paragraph (1)(C)
            during the period covered by the report.
        ``(k) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be
    appropriated to the Secretary--
                ``(1) $50,000,000 to award grants and cooperative
            agreements under subsection (e) for the period of fiscal years
            2023 through 2027;
                ``(2) $2,950,000,000 to award grants and cooperative
            agreements under subsection (f) for the period of fiscal years
            2023 and 2024; and
                ``(3) $7,000,000,000 to award grants and cooperative
            agreements under subsection (f) for the period of fiscal years
            2025 through 2027.
        ``(l) Administration.--The Secretary may use funds made available
    to carry out this section for administrative costs under this section.

    ``SEC. 29. DISTRESSED AREA RECOMPETE PILOT PROGRAM.

        ``(a) In General.--Within the program authorized under section 28,
    the Secretary is authorized to establish a pilot program, to be known
    as the `Recompete Pilot Program', to provide grants to eligible
    recipients representing eligible areas or Tribal lands to alleviate
    persistent economic distress and support long-term comprehensive
    economic development and job creation in eligible areas.
        ``(b) Strategy Development Grants and Cooperative Agreements.--
    Subject to available appropriations, the Secretary is authorized, on
    the application of an eligible recipient, to award up to one half of
    the number of grants under subsection (e) of section 28 to eligible
    recipients to develop a recompete plan and carry out related
    predevelopment activities.
        ``(c) Strategy Implementation Grants and Cooperative Agreements.--
    Subject to available appropriations and subsection (f) , the Secretary
    shall award, on the application of an eligible recipient, at least ten
    strategy implementation grants, in accordance with a recompete plan
    review and approved by the Secretary, to carry out coordinated and
    comprehensive economic development programs and activities in an
    eligible area, consistent with a recompete plan approved by the
    Secretary. Such activities may include--
                ``(1) workforce development activities of the kind
            described in section 28(f) or other job training and workforce
            outreach programs oriented to local employer needs, such as--
                        ``(A) customized job training programs carried out
                    by local community colleges and other training or
                    educational organizations in partnership with local
                    businesses;
                        ``(B) workforce outreach programs located in, and
                    targeted to, lower-income and underemployed
                    neighborhoods; and
                        ``(C) programs to embed job placement and training
                    services in neighborhood institutions such as churches,
                    housing projects, and community advocacy programs; and
                        ``(D) job retention programs and activities, such
                    as the provision of career coaches;
                ``(2) business and entrepreneur development activities of
            the kind described in section 28(f), technology development and
            maturation activities of the kind described in such section, or
            the provision of business advice and assistance to small and
            medium-sized local businesses and entrepreneurs. Such advice
            and assistance may include--
                        ``(A) manufacturing extension services;
                        ``(B) small business development centers;
                        ``(C) centers to help businesses bid for Federal
                    procurement contracts;
                        ``(D) entrepreneurial assistance programs that link
                    entrepreneurs with available public and private
                    resources;
                        ``(E) legal advice and resources; and
                        ``(F) assistance in accessing capital;
                ``(3) infrastructure related activities of the kind
            described in section 28(f) or other land and site development
            programs, such as brownfield redevelopment, research and
            technology parks, business incubators, business corridor
            development, and other infrastructure activities related to
            supporting job creation and employment for residents, subject
            to the requirements of section 28(f)(6); and
                ``(4) additional planning, predevelopment, technical
            assistance, and other administrative activities as may be
            necessary for the ongoing implementation, administration, and
            operation of the programs and activities carried out with a
            grant or cooperative agreement under this section, including
            but not limited to economic development planning and
            evaluation.
        ``(d) Term.--
                ``(1) Initial performance period.--The term of an initial
            grant or cooperative agreement awarded under subsection (c)
            shall be for a period that the Secretary deems appropriate for
            the proposed activities but not less than 2 years.
                ``(2) Subsequent performance period.--The Secretary may
            renew a grant or cooperative agreement awarded under subsection
            (c) for such period, such amount, and such terms as the
            Secretary considers appropriate, if the Secretary determines
            that the recipient of an award under subsection (c) has made
            satisfactory progress towards metrics or benchmarking
            requirements established by the Secretary at time of award.
                ``(3) Flexible approach.--In renewing a grant or
            cooperative agreement under subsection (c), the Secretary may
            approve new or additional uses of funds, consistent with the
            uses described in subsection (c), to meet changes in the needs
            of the region.
        ``(e) Limitations.--
                ``(1) Limitation on eligible areas.--An eligible area may
            not benefit from more than 1 grant or cooperative agreement
            described in subsection (b) and 1 grant or cooperative
            agreement described in subsection (c), provided that a renewal
            described in subsection (d)(2) shall not constitute an
            additional grant.
                ``(2) Limitation on recipients.--For purposes of the
            program under this section, an eligible recipient may not
            receive multiple grants described in subsection (c) on behalf
            of more than 1 eligible area.
        ``(f) Award Amount.--
                ``(1) In general.--In determining the amount of a grant
            that an eligible recipient may be awarded under subsection (c),
            the Secretary shall--
                        ``(A) take into consideration the proposed
                    activities and projected expenditures outlined in an
                    approved recompete plan; and
                        ``(B) award not more than the product obtained by
                    multiplying--
                                ``(i) the prime-age employment gap of the
                            eligible area;
                                ``(ii) the prime-age population of the
                            eligible area; and
                                ``(iii) either--
                                        ``(I) $70,585 for local labor
                                    markets; or
                                        ``(II) $53,600 for local
                                    communities.
                ``(2) Minimum amount.--The Secretary may not make an award
            that is less than $20,000,000 to an eligible recipient.
        ``(g) Applications.--To be considered for a grant or cooperative
    agreement under--
                ``(1) subsection (b) of this section, an eligible recipient
            shall submit to the Secretary an application at such time, in
            such manner, and containing such information as the Secretary
            determines to be appropriate; and
                ``(2) subsection (c) of this section, an eligible recipient
            shall submit to the Secretary an application at such time, in
            such manner, and containing such information as the Secretary
            determines to be appropriate, including a recompete plan
            approved by the Secretary.
        ``(h) Relation to Certain Grant Awards.--The Secretary shall not
    require an eligible recipient to receive a grant or cooperative
    agreement under subsection (b) in order to receive a grant or
    cooperative agreement under subsection (c).
        ``(i) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be
    appropriated to the Secretary $1,000,000,000 to award grants and
    cooperative agreements under subsection (c) of this section, for the
    period of fiscal years 2022 through 2026.
        ``(j) Definitions.--In this section:
                ``(1) Eligible area.--The term `eligible area' means either
            of the following:
                        ``(A) A local labor market that--
                                ``(i) has a prime-age employment gap equal
                            to not less than 2.5 percent; and
                                ``(ii) meets additional criteria as the
                            Secretary may establish.
                        ``(B) A local community that--
                                ``(i) has a prime-age employment gap equal
                            to not less than 5 percent;
                                ``(ii) is not located within an eligible
                            local labor market that meets the criteria
                            described in subparagraph (A);
                                ``(iii) has a median annual household
                            income of not more than $75,000; and
                                ``(iv) meets additional criteria as the
                            Secretary may establish.
                ``(2) Eligible recipient.--The term `eligible recipient'
            means a specified entity that has been authorized in a manner
            as determined by the Secretary to represent and act on behalf
            of an eligible area for the purposes of this section.
                ``(3) Local labor market.--The term `local labor market'
            means any of the following areas that contains 1 or more
            specified entities described in subparagraphs (A) through (D)
            of paragraph (6):
                        ``(A) A metropolitan statistical area or
                    micropolitan statistical area, excluding any area
                    described in subparagraph (C).
                        ``(B) A commuting zone, excluding any areas
                    described in subparagraphs (A) and (C).
                        ``(C) The Tribal land with a Tribal prime-age
                    population represented by a Tribal government.
                ``(4) Local community.--The term `local community' means
            the area served by a general-purpose unit of local government
            that is located within, but does not cover the entire area of,
            a local labor market that does not meet the criteria described
            in paragraph (1)(A).
                ``(5) Prime-age employment gap.--
                        ``(A) In general.--The term `prime-age employment
                    gap' means the difference (expressed as a percentage)
                    between--
                                ``(i) the national 5-year average prime-age
                            employment rate; and
                                ``(ii) the 5-year average prime-age
                            employment rate of the eligible area.
                        ``(B) Calculation.--For the purposes of
                    subparagraph (A), an individual is prime-age if such
                    individual between the ages of 25 years and 54 years.
                ``(6) Recompete plan.--The term `recompete plan' means a
            comprehensive multiyear economic development plan that--
                        ``(A) includes--
                                ``(i) proposed programs and activities to
                            be carried out with a grant awarded under
                            subsection (c) to address the economic
                            challenges of the eligible area in a
                            comprehensive manner that promotes long-term,
                            sustained economic growth, lasting job
                            creation, per capita wage increases, and
                            reduction in the prime-age employment gap of
                            the eligible area;
                                ``(ii) projected costs and annual
                            expenditures and proposed disbursement
                            schedule;
                                ``(iii) the roles and responsibilities of
                            specified entities that may receive grant funds
                            awarded under subsection (c); and
                                ``(iv) other information as the Secretary
                            determines appropriate;
                        ``(B) is submitted to the Secretary for approval
                    for an eligible recipient to be considered for a grant
                    described in subsection (c); and
                        ``(C) may be modified over the term of the grant by
                    the eligible recipient, subject to the approval of the
                    Secretary or at the direction of the Secretary, if the
                    Secretary determines benchmarking requirements are
                    repeatedly not met or if other circumstances
                    necessitate a modification.
                ``(7) Specified entity.--The term `specified entity'
            means--
                        ``(A) a unit of local government;
                        ``(B) the District of Columbia;
                        ``(C) a territory of the United States;
                        ``(D) a Tribal government;
                        ``(E) political subdivision of a State or other
                    entity, including a special-purpose entity engaged in
                    economic development activities;
                        ``(F) a public entity or nonprofit organization,
                    acting in cooperation with the officials of a political
                    subdivision of a State or other entity described in
                    subparagraph (E);
                        ``(G) an economic development district (as defined
                    in section 3 of the Public Works and Economic
                    Development Act of 1965 (42 U.S.C. 3122); and
                        ``(H) a consortium of any of the specified entities
                    described in this paragraph which serve or are
                    contained within the same eligible area.
                ``(8) Tribal land.--The term `Tribal land' means any land--
                        ``(A) located within the boundaries of an Indian
                    reservation, pueblo, or rancheria; or
                        ``(B) not located within the boundaries of an
                    Indian reservation, pueblo, or rancheria, the title to
                    which is held--
                                ``(i) in trust by the United States for the
                            benefit of an Indian Tribe or an individual
                            Indian;
                                ``(ii) by an Indian Tribe or an individual
                            Indian, subject to restriction against
                            alienation under laws of the United States; or
                                ``(iii) by a dependent Indian community.
                ``(9) Tribal prime-age population.--
                        ``(A) In general.--The term `Tribal prime-age
                    population' shall be equal to the sum obtained by
                    adding--
                                ``(i) the product obtained by multiplying--
                                        ``(I) the total number of
                                    individuals ages 25 through 54 residing
                                    on the Tribal land of the Tribal
                                    government; and
                                        ``(II) 0.65; and
                                ``(ii) the product obtained by
                            multiplying--
                                        ``(I) the total number of
                                    individuals ages 25 through 54 included
                                    on the membership roll of the Tribal
                                    government; and
                                        ``(II) 0.35
                        ``(B) Use of data.--A calculation under
                    subparagraph (A) shall be determined based on data
                    provided by the applicable Tribal government to the
                    Department of the Treasury under the Coronavirus State
                    and Local Fiscal Recovery Fund programs under title VI
                    of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 801 et seq.).''.
        (b) Initial Designations and Awards.--
                (1) Competition required.--Not later than 1 year after the
            date of the enactment of this Act, subject to the availability
            of appropriations, the Secretary of Commerce shall commence a
            competition under subsection (d)(1) of section 28 of the
            Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (as added by
            this section).
                (2) Designation and award.--Not later than 18 months after
            the date of the enactment of this Act, if the Secretary has
            received at least 1 application under subsection (g) of section
            28 of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980
            (as added by this section) from an eligible consortium which
            the Secretary considers suitable for designation under
            subsection (d)(1) of such section 28, the Secretary shall--
                        (A) designate at least 1 regional technology and
                    innovation hub under subsection (d)(1) of such section
                    28; and
                        (B) award a grant or cooperative agreement under
                    subsection (f)(1) of such section 28 to each regional
                    technology and innovation hub designated pursuant to
                    subparagraph (A) of this paragraph.
        (c) Distressed Area Designation and Award.--Not later than 18
    months after the date of the enactment of this section, subject to the
    availability of appropriations, if the Secretary has received
    applications under section 29 of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology
    Innovation Act of 1980 (as added by this section) from an eligible
    recipient which the Secretary considers suitable for award under such
    section 29, the Secretary shall award grants or cooperative agreement
    under subsections (b) and (c) of such section 29 to one or more
    eligible recipients.

    SEC. 10622. REGIONAL CLEAN ENERGY INNOVATION PROGRAM.

        Subtitle C of title IX of the Energy Independence and Security Act
    of 2007 is amended by adding at the end the following:

    ``SEC. 936. REGIONAL CLEAN ENERGY INNOVATION PROGRAM.

        ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
                ``(1) Regional clean energy innovation partnership.--The
            term `regional clean energy innovation partnership' means a
            group of one or more persons, including a covered consortium,
            who perform a collection of activities that are coordinated by
            such covered consortium to carry out the purposes of the
            program under subsection (c) in a region of the United States.
                ``(2) Covered consortium.--The term `covered consortium'
            means an individual or group of individuals in partnership with
            a government entity, including a State, territorial, local, or
            tribal government or unit of such government, and at least 2 or
            more of the following additional entities--
                        ``(A) an institution of higher education or a
                    consortium of institutions of higher education,
                    including community colleges;
                        ``(B) a workforce development program;
                        ``(C) a private sector entity or group of entities,
                    including a trade or industry association;
                        ``(D) a nonprofit organization;
                        ``(E) a community group or community-based
                    organization;
                        ``(F) a labor organization or joint labor-
                    management organization;
                        ``(G) a National Laboratory;
                        ``(H) a venture development organization;
                        ``(I) a community development financial institution
                    or minority depository institution;
                        ``(J) a worker cooperative membership association
                    or state or local employee ownership or cooperative
                    development center;
                        ``(K) an organization focused on clean energy
                    technology innovation or entrepreneurship;
                        ``(L) a business or clean energy accelerator or
                    incubator;
                        ``(M) an economic development organization;
                        ``(N) a manufacturing facility or organization;
                        ``(O) a multi-institutional collaboration; or
                        ``(P) any other entity that the Secretary
                    determines to be relevant.
                ``(3) Program.--The term `program' means the Regional Clean
            Energy Innovation Program authorized in subsection (b).
                ``(4) Institution of higher education.--The term
            `institution of higher education' has the meaning given such
            term in section 101 or 102(a)(1)(B) of the Higher Education Act
            of 1965, as amended (20 U.S.C. 1001, 1002(a)(1)(B)).
                ``(5) National laboratory.--The term `National Laboratory'
            has the meaning given that term in section 2 of the Energy
            Policy Act of 2005 (42 2 U.S.C. 15801).
                ``(6) Clean energy technology.--The term `clean energy
            technology' means a technology that significantly reduces
            energy use, increases energy efficiency, reduces greenhouse gas
            emissions, reduces emissions of other pollutants, or mitigates
            other negative environmental consequences of energy production,
            transmission or use.
                ``(7) Community-based organization.--The term `community-
            based organization' has the meaning given the term in section 3
            of the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (29 U.S.C.
            3102).
                ``(8) Community college.--The term `community college'
            means--
                        ``(A) a public institution of higher education,
                    including additional locations, at which the highest
                    degree, or the predominantly awarded degree, is an
                    associate degree; or
                        ``(B) any Tribal college or university (as defined
                    in section 316 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20
                    U.S.C. 1059c)).
                ``(9) Workforce development program.--The term `workforce
            development program' has the meaning given the term in section
            3 of the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (29 U.S.C.
            3102).
        ``(b) In General.--The Secretary shall establish a Regional Clean
    Energy Innovation Program, a research, development, demonstration, and
    commercial application program designed to enhance the economic,
    environmental, and energy security of the United States and accelerate
    the pace of innovation of diverse clean energy technologies through the
    formation or support of regional clean energy innovation partnerships.
        ``(c) Purposes of the Program.--The purposes of the Program
    established under subsection (b) are to--
                ``(1) improve the competitiveness of United States' clean
            energy technology research, development, demonstration, and
            commercial application; and
                ``(2) support the development of tools and technologies
            best suited for use in diverse regions of the United States,
            including in rural, tribal, and low-income communities.
        ``(d) Regional Clean Energy Innovation Partnerships.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall competitively award
            grants to covered consortia to establish or support regional
            clean energy innovation partnerships that achieve the purposes
            of the Program in subsection (c).
                ``(2) Permissible activities.--Grants awarded under this
            subsection shall be used for activities determined appropriate
            by the Secretary to achieve the purposes of the Program in
            subsection (c), including--
                        ``(A) facilitating the commercial application of
                    clean energy products, processes, and services,
                    including through research, development, demonstration,
                    or technology transfer;
                        ``(B) planning among participants of a regional
                    clean energy innovation partnership to improve the
                    strategic and cost-effective coordination of the
                    partnership;
                        ``(C) improving stakeholder involvement in the
                    development of goals and activities of a regional clean
                    energy innovation partnership;
                        ``(D) assessing different incentive mechanisms for
                    clean energy development and commercial application in
                    the region;
                        ``(E) hosting events and conferences; and
                        ``(F) establishing and updating roadmaps to measure
                    progress on relevant goals, such as those relevant to
                    metrics developed under subsection (g).
                ``(3) Applications.--Each application submitted to the
            Secretary under paragraph (1) may include--
                        ``(A) a list of members and roles of members of the
                    covered consortia, as well as any other stakeholders
                    supporting the activities of the regional clean energy
                    innovation partnership;
                        ``(B) an assessment of the relevant clean energy
                    innovation assets needed in a region to achieve
                    proposed outcomes, such as education and workforce
                    development programs, research facilities,
                    infrastructure or site development, access to capital,
                    manufacturing capabilities, or other assets;
                        ``(C) a description of proposed activities that the
                    regional clean energy innovation partnership plans to
                    undertake and how the proposed activities will achieve
                    the purposes described in subsection (c);
                        ``(D) a plan for attracting additional funds and
                    identification of funding sources from non-Federal
                    sources to deliver the proposed outcomes of the
                    regional clean energy innovation partnership;
                        ``(E) a plan for partnering and collaborating with
                    community development financial institutions and
                    minority depository institutions, labor organizations
                    and community groups, worker cooperative membership
                    associations, local and state employee ownership and
                    cooperative development centers, and other local
                    institutions in order to promote employee, community,
                    and public ownership in the clean energy sector, and
                    advance models of local economic development that build
                    and retain wealth in the region;
                        ``(F) a plan for sustaining activities of the
                    regional clean energy innovation partnership after
                    funds received under this program have been expended;
                    and
                        ``(G) a proposed budget, including financial
                    contributions from non-Federal sources.
                ``(4) Considerations.--In selecting covered consortia for
            funding under the Program, the Secretary shall, to the maximum
            extent practicable--
                        ``(A) give special consideration to applications
                    from rural, tribal, and low-income communities; and
                        ``(B) ensure that there is geographic diversity
                    among the covered consortia selected to receive
                    funding.
                ``(5) Award amount.--Grants given out under this Program
            shall be in an amount not greater than $10,000,000, with the
            total grant award in any year less than that in the previous
            year.
                ``(6) Cost share.--For grants that are disbursed over the
            course of three or more years, the Secretary shall require, as
            a condition of receipt of funds under this section, that a
            covered consortium provide not less than 50 percent of the
            funding for the activities of the regional clean energy
            partnership under this section for years 3, 4, and 5.
                ``(7) Duration.--Each grant under paragraph shall be for a
            period of not longer than 5 years.
                ``(8) Renewal.--A grant awarded under this section may be
            renewed for a period of not more than 5 years, subject to a
            rigorous merit review based on the progress of a regional clean
            energy innovation partnership towards achieving the purposes of
            the program in subsection (c) and the metrics developed under
            subsection (g).
                ``(9) Termination.--Consistent with the existing
            authorities of the Department, the Secretary may terminate
            grant funding under this subsection to covered consortia during
            the performance period if the Secretary determines that the
            regional clean energy innovation partnership is
            underperforming.
                ``(10) Administrative costs.--The Secretary may allow a
            covered consortium that receives funds under this section to
            allocate a portion of the funding received to be used for
            administrative or indirect costs.
                ``(11) Funding.--The Secretary may accept funds from other
            Federal agencies to support funding and activities under this
            section.
        ``(e) Planning Funds.--The Secretary may competitively award grants
    in an amount no greater than $2,000,000 for a period not longer than 2
    years to an entity consisting of a government entity, including a
    State, territorial, local, or tribal government or unit of such
    government or any entity listed under subsection (a)(2) to plan a
    regional clean energy innovation partnership or establish a covered
    consortium for the purpose of applying for funds under subsection (b).
        ``(f) Information Sharing.--As part of the program, the Secretary
    shall support the gathering, analysis, and dissemination of information
    on best practices for developing and operating successful regional
    clean energy innovation partnerships.
        ``(g) Metrics.--In evaluating a grant renewal under subsection
    (d)(8), the Secretary shall work with program evaluation experts to
    develop and make publicly available metrics to assess the progress of a
    regional clean energy innovation partnership towards achieving the
    purposes of the program in subsection (c).
        ``(h) Coordination.--In carrying out the program, the Secretary
    shall coordinate with, and avoid unnecessary duplication of, the
    activities carried out under this section with the activities of other
    research entities of the Department or relevant programs at other
    Federal agencies.
        ``(i) Conflicts of Interest.--In carrying out the program, the
    Secretary shall maintain conflict of interest procedures, consistent
    with the conflict of interest procedures of the Department.
        ``(j) Evaluation by Comptroller General.--Not later than 3 years
    after the date of the enactment of the Research and Development,
    Competition, and Innovation Act, and again 3 years later, the
    Comptroller General shall submit to the Committee on Science, Space,
    and Technology of the House of Representatives and the Committee on
    Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate an evaluation on the
    operation of the program during the most recent 3-year period,
    including--
                ``(1) an assessment of the progress made towards achieving
            the purposes specified in subsection (c) based on the metrics
            developed under subsection (g);
                ``(2) the short-term and long-term metrics used to
            determine the success of the program under subsection (g), and
            any changes recommended to the metrics used;
                ``(3) the regional clean energy innovation partnerships
            established or supported by covered consortia that have
            received grants under subsection (d); and
                ``(4) any recommendations on how the program may be
            improved.
        ``(k) National Laboratories.--In supporting technology transfer
    activities at the National Laboratories, the Secretary shall encourage
    partnerships with entities that are located in the same region or State
    as the National Laboratory.
        ``(l) Security.--In carrying out the activities under this section,
    the Secretary shall ensure proper security controls are in place to
    protect sensitive information, as appropriate.
        ``(m) No Funds for Construction.--No funds provided to the
    Department of Energy under this section shall be used for construction.
        ``(n) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be
    appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this section $50,000,000 for
    each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027.''.

                         Subtitle D--Research Security

    SEC. 10631. REQUIREMENTS FOR FOREIGN TALENT RECRUITMENT PROGRAMS.

        (a) Purpose.--The purpose of this subtitle is to direct actions to
    prohibit participation in any foreign talent recruitment program by
    personnel of Federal research agencies and to prohibit participation in
    a malign foreign talent recruitment program by covered individuals
    involved with research and development awards from those agencies.
        (b) Guidance.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the
    enactment of this Act, the Director of the Office of Science and
    Technology Policy, in coordination with the interagency working group
    established under section 1746 of the National Defense Authorization
    Act for Fiscal Year 2020 (42 U.S.C. 6601 note; Public Law 116-92),
    shall publish and widely distribute a uniform set of guidelines for
    Federal research agencies regarding foreign talent recruitment
    programs. Such policy guidelines shall--
                (1) prohibit all personnel of each Federal research agency,
            including Federal employees, contract employees, independent
            contractors, individuals serving under the Intergovernmental
            Personnel Act of 1970 (42 U.S.C. 4701 et seq), Visiting
            Scientist, Engineering, and Educator appointments, and special
            government employees other than peer reviewers, from
            participating in a foreign talent recruitment program;
                (2) as part of the requirements under section 223 of the
            William (Mac) Thornberry NDAA of Fiscal Year 2021 (10 U.S.C.
            6605; Public Law 116-283), require covered individuals to
            disclose if such individuals are a party to a foreign talent
            recruitment program contract, agreement, or other arrangement;
                (3) prohibit research and development awards from being
            made for any proposal in which a covered individual is
            participating in a malign foreign talent recruitment program;
            and
                (4) to the extent practicable, require recipient
            institutions to prohibit covered individuals participating in
            malign foreign talent recruitment programs from working on
            projects supported by research and development awards.
        (c) Definition of Foreign Talent Recruitment Programs.--As part of
    the guidance under subsection (b), the Director of the Office of
    Science and Technology Policy shall define and describe the
    characteristics of a foreign talent recruitment program.
        (d) Implementation.--Not later than one year after the date of the
    enactment of this Act, each Federal research agency shall issue a
    policy utilizing the guidelines under subsection (b).
        (e) Consistency.--The Director of the Office of Science and
    Technology Policy shall ensure that the policies issued by the Federal
    research agencies under subsection (d) are consistent to the greatest
    extent practicable.

    SEC. 10632. MALIGN FOREIGN TALENT RECRUITMENT PROGRAM PROHIBITION.

        (a) In General.--Not later than 24 months after the date of
    enactment of this Act, each Federal research agency shall establish a
    policy that, as part of a proposal for a research and development award
    from the agency--
                (1) each covered individual listed in such proposal certify
            that each such individual is not a party to a malign foreign
            talent recruitment program in the proposal submission of each
            such individual and annually thereafter for the duration of the
            award; and
                (2) each institution of higher education or other
            organization applying for such an award certify that each
            covered individual who is employed by such institution of
            higher education or other organization has been made aware of
            the requirements under this section and complied with the
            requirement under paragraph (1).
        (b) Stakeholder Input.--In establishing a policy under subsection
    (a), Federal research agencies shall publish a description of the
    proposed policy in the Federal Register and provide an opportunity for
    submission of public comment for a period of not more than 60 days.
        (c) Compliance With Existing Law.--Each Federal research agency and
    recipient shall comply with title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964
    (42 U.S.C. 2000d et seq.) in the establishment of policies pursuant to
    under subsection (a).
        (d) International Collaboration.--Each policy developed under
    subsection (a) shall not prohibit, unless such activities are funded,
    organized, or managed by an academic institution or a foreign talent
    recruitment program on the lists developed under paragraphs (8) and (9)
    of section 1286(c) of the John S. McCain National Defense Authorization
    Act for Fiscal Year 2019 (10 U.S.C. 4001 note; Public Law 115-232)--
                (1) making scholarly presentations and publishing written
            materials regarding scientific information not otherwise
            controlled under current law;
                (2) participation in international conferences or other
            international exchanges, research projects or programs that
            involve open and reciprocal exchange of scientific information,
            and which are aimed at advancing international scientific
            understanding and not otherwise controlled under current law;
                (3) advising a foreign student enrolled at an institution
            of higher education or writing a recommendation for such a
            student, at such student's request; and
                (4) other international activities determined appropriate
            by the Federal research agency head or designee.
        (e) Limitation.--The certifications required under subsection (a)
    shall not apply retroactively to research and development awards made
    or applied for prior to the establishment of the policy by the Federal
    research agency.
        (f) Training.--Each Federal research agency shall ensure that, as a
    requirement of an award from each such agency, recipient institutions
    provide training on the risks of malign foreign talent recruitment
    programs to covered individuals employed at such institutions,
    including those individuals who are participating in activities
    described in subsection (d).

    SEC. 10633. REVIEW OF CONTRACTS AND AGREEMENTS.

        (a) In General.--In addition to existing authorities for preventing
    waste, fraud, abuse, and mismanagement of Federal funds, each Federal
    research agency shall have the authority to--
                (1) require, upon request, the submission to such agency,
            by an institution of higher education or other organization
            applying for a research and development award, of supporting
            documentation, including copies of contracts, grants, or any
            other agreement specific to foreign appointments, employment
            with a foreign institution, participation in a foreign talent
            recruitment program and other information reported as current
            and pending support for all covered individuals in a research
            and development award application;
                (2) require such institution of higher education or other
            organization to review any documents requested under paragraph
            (1) for compliance with the Federal research agency's award
            terms and conditions, including guidance on conflicts of
            interest and conflicts of commitment; and
                (3) upon receipt and review of the information provided
            under paragraph (1) and in consultation with the institution of
            higher education or other organization submitting such
            information, initiate the substitution or removal of a covered
            individual from a research and development award, reduce the
            award funding amount, or suspend or terminate the award if the
            agency head determines such contracts, grants, or agreements
            include obligations that--
                        (A) interfere with the capacity for agency-
                    supported activities to be carried out; or
                        (B) create duplication with agency-supported
                    activities.
        (b) Limitations.--In exercising the authorities under subsection
    (a), each Federal research agency shall--
                (1) take necessary steps, as practicable, to protect the
            privacy of all covered individuals and other parties specified
            in the documentation submitted under paragraph (1) of such
            subsection;
                (2) endeavor to provide justification for requests for
            supporting documentation made under such paragraph;
                (3) require that allegations be proven by a preponderance
            of evidence; and
                (4) as practicable, afford subjects an opportunity to
            provide comments and rebuttal and an opportunity to appeal
            before final administrative action is taken.

    SEC. 10634. RESEARCH SECURITY TRAINING REQUIREMENT FOR FEDERAL RESEARCH
                  AWARD PERSONNEL.

        (a) Annual Training Requirement.--
                (1) In general.--Not later than 12 months after the date of
            the enactment of this Act, each Federal research agency shall
            establish a requirement that, as part of an application for a
            research and development award from the agency--
                        (A) each covered individual listed on the
                    application for a research and development award
                    certify that each such individual has completed within
                    one year of such application research security training
                    that meets the guidelines developed under subsection
                    (b); and
                        (B) each institution of higher education or other
                    organization applying for such an award certify that
                    each covered individual who is employed by such
                    institution or organization and listed on the
                    application has completed such training.
                (2) Consistency.--The Director of the Office of Science and
            Technology Policy shall ensure that the training requirements
            established by Federal research agencies pursuant to paragraph
            (1) are consistent.
        (b) Training Guidelines.--The Director of the Office of Science and
    Technology Policy, acting through the National Science and Technology
    Council and in accordance with the authority provided under section
    1746(a) of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020
    (Public Law 116-92; 42 U.S.C. 6601 note), shall, taking into
    consideration stakeholder input, develop guidelines for institutions of
    higher education and other organizations receiving Federal research and
    development funds to use in developing their own training programs to
    address the unique needs, challenges, and risk profiles of such
    institutions and other organizations, including adoption of security
    training modules developed under subsection (c), to ensure compliance
    with National Security Presidential Memorandum-33 (relating to
    strengthening protections of the United States Government-supported
    research and development against foreign government interference and
    exploitation) or any successor documents.
        (c) Security Training Modules.--
                (1) In general.--Not later than 90 days after the date of
            the enactment of this Act, the Director of the Office of
            Science and Technology Policy, in coordination with the
            Director of the National Science Foundation, the Director of
            the National Institutes of Health, the Secretary of Energy, and
            the Secretary of Defense, and in consultation with the heads of
            relevant Federal research agencies, shall enter into an
            agreement or contract with a qualified entity for the
            development of online research security training modules for
            the research community and participants in the United States
            research and development enterprise to ensure compliance with
            National Security Presidential Memorandum-33 or successor
            documents, including modules--
                        (A) focused on cybersecurity, international
                    collaboration and international travel, foreign
                    interference, and rules for proper use of funds,
                    disclosure, conflict of commitment, and conflict of
                    interest; and
                        (B) tailored to the unique needs of--
                                (i) covered individuals;
                                (ii) undergraduate students, graduate
                            students, and postdoctoral researchers; and
                                (iii) applicants for awards under the SBIR
                            and STTR programs (as such terms are defined in
                            section 9(e) of the Small Business Act (15
                            U.S.C. 638(e)).
                (2) Stakeholder input.--Prior to entering into the
            agreement under paragraph (1), the Director of the Office of
            Science and Technology Policy shall seek input from academic,
            private sector, intelligence, and law enforcement stakeholders
            regarding the scope and content of security training modules,
            including the diversity of needs across institutions of higher
            education and other recipients of different sizes and types,
            and recommendations for minimizing administrative burden on
            recipients and researchers.
                (3) Development.--The Director of the Office of Science and
            Technology Policy shall ensure that the entity referred to in
            paragraph (1)--
                        (A) develops security training modules that can be
                    adapted and utilized across Federal research agencies;
                    and
                        (B) develops and implements a plan for regularly
                    updating such modules as needed.

    SEC. 10635. RESEARCH FUNDS ACCOUNTING.

        (a) Study Period Defined.--In this section the term ``study
    period'' means the 5-year period ending on the date of the enactment of
    this Act.
        (b) Study.--The Comptroller General of the United States shall
    conduct a study on Federal funding made available to foreign entities
    of concern for research, during the study period.
        (c) Matters to Be Included.--The study conducted under subsection
    (b) shall include, to the extent practicable with respect to the study
    period, an assessment of--
                (1) the total amount of Federal funding made available to
            foreign entities of concern for research;
                (2) the total number and types of foreign entities of
            concern to which such funding was made available;
                (3) the requirements relating to the awarding, tracking,
            and monitoring of such funding;
                (4) any other data available with respect to Federal
            funding made available to foreign entities of concern for
            research; and
                (5) such other matters as the Comptroller General of the
            United States determines appropriate.
        (d) Briefing on Available Data.--Not later than 120 days after the
    date of the enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of the
    United States shall brief the Committee on Commerce, Science, and
    Transportation, the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and
    Pensions, and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate and the
    Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, the Committee on Energy
    and Commerce, and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of
    Representatives on the study conducted under subsection (b) and the
    data that is available with respect to Federal funding made available
    to foreign entities of concern for research.
        (e) Report.--The Comptroller General of the United States shall
    submit to the congressional committees specified in subsection (d), by
    a date agreed upon by the Comptroller General and the committees on the
    date of the briefing under such subsection, a report on the findings of
    the study conducted under subsection (b).

    SEC. 10636. PERSON OR ENTITY OF CONCERN PROHIBITION.

        No person published on the list under section 1237(b) of the Strom
    Thurmond National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1999
    (Public Law 105-261; 50 U.S.C. 1701 note) or entity identified under
    section 1260h of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense
    Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (10 U.S.C. 113 note; Public Law
    116-283) may receive or participate in any grant, award, program,
    support, or other activity under--
                (1) the Directorate established in subtitle G of title III
            of this division;
                (2) section 28(b)(1) of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology
            Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3701 et seq.), as added by
            section 10621; or
                (3) the Manufacturing USA Program, as improved and expanded
            under subtitle E of title II of this division.

    SEC. 10637. NONDISCRIMINATION.

        In carrying out requirements under this subtitle, each Federal
    research agency shall ensure that policies and activities developed and
    implemented pursuant to this subtitle are carried out in a manner that
    does not target, stigmatize, or discriminate against individuals on the
    basis of race, ethnicity, or national origin, consistent with title VI
    of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (42 U.S.C. 2000d et seq.).

    SEC. 10638. DEFINITIONS.

        In this subtitle:
                (1) Covered individual.--The term ``covered individual''
            means an individual who--
                        (A) contributes in a substantive, meaningful way to
                    the scientific development or execution of a research
                    and development project proposed to be carried out with
                    a research and development award from a Federal
                    research agency; and
                        (B) is designated as a covered individual by the
                    Federal research agency concerned.
                (2) Foreign country of concern.--The term ``foreign country
            of concern'' means the People's Republic of China, the
            Democratic People's Republic of Korea, the Russian Federation,
            the Islamic Republic of Iran, or any other country determined
            to be a country of concern by the Secretary of State.
                (3) Foreign entity of concern.--The term ``foreign entity
            of concern'' means a foreign entity that is--
                        (A) designated as a foreign terrorist organization
                    by the Secretary of State under section 219(a) of the
                    Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1189(a));
                        (B) included on the list of specially designated
                    nationals and blocked persons maintained by the Office
                    of Foreign Assets Control of the Department of the
                    Treasury (commonly known as the SDN list);
                        (C) owned by, controlled by, or subject to the
                    jurisdiction or direction of a government of a foreign
                    country that is a covered nation (as such term is
                    defined in section 4872 of title 10, United States
                    Code);
                        (D) alleged by the Attorney General to have been
                    involved in activities for which a conviction was
                    obtained under--
                                (i) chapter 37 of title 18, United States
                            Code (commonly known as the Espionage Act);
                                (ii) section 951 or 1030 of title 18,
                            United States Code;
                                (iii) chapter 90 of title 18, United States
                            Code (commonly known as the Economic Espionage
                            Act of 1996);
                                (iv) the Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C.
                            2751 et seq.);
                                (v) section 224, 225, 226, 227, or 236 of
                            the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C. 2274,
                            2275, 2276, 2277, and 2284);
                                (vi) the Export Control Reform Act of 2018
                            (50 U.S.C. 4801 et seq.); or
                                (vii) the International Emergency Economic
                            Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.); or
                        (E) determined by the Secretary of Commerce, in
                    consultation with the Secretary of Defense and the
                    Director of National Intelligence, to be engaged in
                    unauthorized conduct that is detrimental to the
                    national security or foreign policy of the United
                    States.
                (4) Malign foreign talent recruitment program.--The term
            ``malign foreign talent recruitment program'' means--
                        (A) any program, position, or activity that
                    includes compensation in the form of cash, in-kind
                    compensation, including research funding, promised
                    future compensation, complimentary foreign travel,
                    things of non de minimis value, honorific titles,
                    career advancement opportunities, or other types of
                    remuneration or consideration directly provided by a
                    foreign country at any level (national, provincial, or
                    local) or their designee, or an entity based in, funded
                    by, or affiliated with a foreign country, whether or
                    not directly sponsored by the foreign country, to the
                    targeted individual, whether directly or indirectly
                    stated in the arrangement, contract, or other
                    documentation at issue, in exchange for the
                    individual--
                                (i) engaging in the unauthorized transfer
                            of intellectual property, materials, data
                            products, or other nonpublic information owned
                            by a United States entity or developed with a
                            Federal research and development award to the
                            government of a foreign country or an entity
                            based in, funded by, or affiliated with a
                            foreign country regardless of whether that
                            government or entity provided support for the
                            development of the intellectual property,
                            materials, or data products;
                                (ii) being required to recruit trainees or
                            researchers to enroll in such program,
                            position, or activity;
                                (iii) establishing a laboratory or company,
                            accepting a faculty position, or undertaking
                            any other employment or appointment in a
                            foreign country or with an entity based in,
                            funded by, or affiliated with a foreign country
                            if such activities are in violation of the
                            standard terms and conditions of a Federal
                            research and development award;
                                (iv) being unable to terminate the foreign
                            talent recruitment program contract or
                            agreement except in extraordinary
                            circumstances;
                                (v) through funding or effort related to
                            the foreign talent recruitment program, being
                            limited in the capacity to carry out a research
                            and development award or required to engage in
                            work that would result in substantial overlap
                            or duplication with a Federal research and
                            development award;
                                (vi) being required to apply for and
                            successfully receive funding from the
                            sponsoring foreign government's funding
                            agencies with the sponsoring foreign
                            organization as the recipient;
                                (vii) being required to omit acknowledgment
                            of the recipient institution with which the
                            individual is affiliated, or the Federal
                            research agency sponsoring the research and
                            development award, contrary to the
                            institutional policies or standard terms and
                            conditions of the Federal research and
                            development award;
                                (viii) being required to not disclose to
                            the Federal research agency or employing
                            institution the participation of such
                            individual in such program, position, or
                            activity; or
                                (ix) having a conflict of interest or
                            conflict of commitment contrary to the standard
                            terms and conditions of the Federal research
                            and development award; and
                        (B) a program that is sponsored by--
                                (i) a foreign country of concern or an
                            entity based in a foreign country of concern,
                            whether or not directly sponsored by the
                            foreign country of concern;
                                (ii) an academic institution on the list
                            developed under section 1286(c)(8) of the John
                            S. McCain National Defense Authorization Act
                            for Fiscal Year 2019 (10 U.S.C. 2358 note;
                            Public Law 115-232); or
                                (iii) a foreign talent recruitment program
                            on the list developed under section 1286(c)(9)
                            of the John S. McCain National Defense
                            Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2019 (10
                            U.S.C. 2358 note; Public Law 115-232).

      Subtitle E--Coastal and Ocean Acidification Research and Innovation

    SEC. 10641. SHORT TITLE.

        This subtitle may be cited as the ``Coastal and Ocean Acidification
    Research and Innovation Act of 2021''.

    SEC. 10642. PURPOSES.

        (a) In General.--Section 12402(a) of the Federal Ocean
    Acidification Research and Monitoring Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3701(a))
    is amended--
                (1) in paragraph (1)--
                        (A) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by
                    striking ``development and coordination'' and inserting
                    ``development coordination and implementation'';
                        (B) in subparagraph (A), by striking
                    ``acidification on marine organisms'' and inserting
                    ``acidification and coastal acidification on marine
                    organisms''; and
                        (C) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``establish''
                    and all that follows through the semicolon and
                    inserting ``maintain and advise an interagency
                    research, monitoring, and public outreach program on
                    ocean acidification and coastal acidification;'';
                (2) in paragraph (2), by striking ``establishment'' and
            inserting ``maintenance'';
                (3) in paragraph (3), by inserting ``and coastal
            acidification'' after ``ocean acidification''; and
                (4) in paragraph (4), by striking ``techniques for'' and
            all that follows through the period and inserting ``mitigating
            the impacts of ocean and coastal acidification and related co-
            stressors on marine ecosystems.''.
        (b) Technical and Conforming Amendment.--Section 12402 of the
    Federal Ocean Acidification Research and Monitoring Act of 2009 (33
    U.S.C. 3701(a)) is amended by striking ``(a) Purposes.--''.

    SEC. 10643. DEFINITIONS.

        Section 12403 of the Federal Ocean Acidification Research and
    Monitoring Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3702) is amended--
                (1) in paragraph (1), by striking ``of the Earth's oceans''
            and all that follows before the period at the end and inserting
            ``and changes in the water chemistry of the Earth's oceans,
            coastal estuaries, marine waterways, and Great Lakes caused by
            carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and the breakdown of organic
            matter'';
                (2) in paragraph (3), by striking ``Joint Subcommittee on
            Ocean Science and Technology of the National Science and
            Technology Council'' and inserting ``National Science and
            Technology Council Subcommittee on Ocean Science and
            Technology'';
                (3) by redesignating paragraphs (1), (2), and (3) as
            paragraphs (2), (3), and (4), respectively;
                (4) by inserting before paragraph (2), as so redesignated,
            the following:
                ``(1) Coastal acidification.--The term `coastal
            acidification' means the decrease in pH and changes in the
            water chemistry of coastal oceans, estuaries, and Great Lakes
            from atmospheric pollution, freshwater inputs, and excess
            nutrient run-off from land.''; and
                (5) by adding at the end the following:
                ``(5) State.--The term `State' means each State of the
            United States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of
            Puerto Rico, American Samoa, Guam, the Commonwealth of the
            Northern Mariana Islands, the Virgin Islands of the United
            States, and any other territory or possession of the United
            States.''.

    SEC. 10644. INTERAGENCY WORKING GROUP.

        Section 12404 of the Federal Ocean Acidification Research and
    Monitoring Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3703) is amended--
                (1) in the heading, by striking ``subcommittee'' and
            inserting ``working group'';
                (2) in subsection (a)--
                        (A) in paragraph (1), by striking ``Joint
                    Subcommittee on Ocean Science and Technology of the
                    National Science and Technology Council shall
                    coordinate Federal activities on ocean acidification
                    and establish'' and insert ``Subcommittee shall
                    coordinate Federal activities on ocean and coastal
                    acidification and establish and maintain'';
                        (B) in paragraph (2), by striking ``Wildlife
                    Service,'' and inserting ``Wildlife Service, the Bureau
                    of Ocean Energy Management, the Environmental
                    Protection Agency, the Department of Agriculture, the
                    Department of State, the Department of Energy, the
                    Department of the Navy, the National Park Service, the
                    Bureau of Indian Affairs, the National Institute of
                    Standards and Technology, the Smithsonian
                    Institution,''; and
                        (C) in paragraph (3), in the heading, by striking
                    ``Chairman'' and inserting ``Chair'';
                (3) in subsection (b)--
                        (A) in paragraph (2)--
                                (i) in subparagraph (A), by inserting ``and
                            coastal acidification'' after ``ocean
                            acidification''; and
                                (ii) in subparagraph (B), by inserting
                            ``and coastal acidification'' after ``ocean
                            acidification'';
                        (B) in paragraph (4), by striking ``; and'' and
                    inserting a semicolon; and
                        (C) in paragraph (5)--
                                (i) by inserting ``, and contribute to as
                            appropriate,'' after ``designate'';
                                (ii) by striking ``developed'' and
                            inserting ``and coastal acidification
                            developed''; and
                                (iii) by striking the period at the end and
                            inserting ``and coastal acidification; and''.
                (4) in subsection (c)--
                        (A) in paragraph (2)--
                                (i) by inserting ``until 2032'' after
                            ``every 2 years thereafter'';
                                (ii) by inserting ``, and to the Office of
                            Management and Budget,'' after ``House of
                            Representatives''; and
                                (iii) in subparagraph (B), by striking
                            ``the interagency research'' and inserting
                            ``interagency strategic research'';
                        (B) in paragraph (3), by inserting ``until 2031''
                    after ``at least once every 5 years''; and
                        (C) in paragraph (4), by inserting ``until 2032''
                    after ``and every 6 years thereafter'';
                (5) by redesignating subsection (c) as subsection (e); and
                (6) by inserting after subsection (b) the following:
        ``(c) Advisory Board.--
                ``(1) Establishment.--The Chair of the Subcommittee shall
            establish an Ocean Acidification Advisory Board.
                ``(2) Duties.--The Advisory Board shall--
                        ``(A) maintain a process for reviewing and making
                    recommendations to the Subcommittee on--
                                ``(i) the biennial report specified in
                            subsection (d)(2); and
                                ``(ii) the strategic research plan in
                            subsection (d)(3);
                        ``(B) provide ongoing advice to the Subcommittee
                    and the interagency working group on matters related to
                    Federal activities on ocean and coastal acidification,
                    including impacts and mitigation of ocean and coastal
                    acidification; and
                        ``(C) advise the Subcommittee and the interagency
                    working group on--
                                ``(i) efforts to coordinate research and
                            monitoring activities related to ocean
                            acidification and coastal acidification; and
                                ``(ii) the best practices for the standards
                            developed for data archiving under section
                            12406(d).
                ``(3) Membership.--The Advisory Board shall consist of 25
            members as follows:
                        ``(A) Two representatives of the shellfish,
                    lobster, or crab industry.
                        ``(B) One representative of the finfish industry.
                        ``(C) One representative of seafood processors.
                        ``(D) Three representatives from academia,
                    including both natural and social sciences.
                        ``(E) One representative of recreational fishing.
                        ``(F) One representative of a relevant
                    nongovernmental organization.
                        ``(G) Six representatives from relevant State and
                    local governments with policy or regulatory authorities
                    related to ocean acidification and coastal
                    acidification.
                        ``(H) One representative from the Alaska Ocean
                    Acidification Network or a subsequent entity that
                    represents the same geographical region and has a
                    similar purpose.
                        ``(I) One representative from the California
                    Current Acidification Network or a subsequent entity
                    that represents the same geographical region and has a
                    similar purpose.
                        ``(J) One representative from the Northeast Coastal
                    Acidification Network or a subsequent entity that
                    represents the same geographical region and has a
                    similar purpose.
                        ``(K) One representative from the Southeast Coastal
                    Acidification Network or a subsequent entity that
                    represents the same geographical region and has a
                    similar purpose.
                        ``(L) One representative from the Gulf of Mexico
                    Coastal Acidification Network or a subsequent entity
                    that represents the same geographical region and has a
                    similar purpose.
                        ``(M) One representative from the Mid-Atlantic
                    Coastal Acidification Network or a subsequent entity
                    that represents the same geographical region and has a
                    similar purpose.
                        ``(N) One representative from the Pacific Islands
                    Ocean Observing System or a subsequent entity that
                    represents the island territories and possessions of
                    the United States in the Pacific Ocean, and the State
                    of Hawaii and has a similar purpose.
                        ``(O) One representative from the Caribbean
                    Regional Association for Coastal Ocean Observing or a
                    subsequent entity that represents Puerto Rico and the
                    United States Virgin Islands and has a similar purpose.
                        ``(P) One representative from the National Oceanic
                    and Atmospheric Administration Olympic Coast Ocean
                    Acidification Sentinel Site or a subsequent entity that
                    represents the same geographical representation.
                        ``(Q) One representative from the National Oceanic
                    and Atmospheric Administration shall serve as an ex-
                    officio member of the Advisory Board without a vote.
                ``(4) Appointment of members.--The Chair of the
            Subcommittee shall--
                        ``(A) appoint members to the Advisory Board (taking
                    into account the geographical interests of each
                    individual to be appointed as a member of the Advisory
                    Board to ensure that an appropriate balance of
                    geographical interests are represented by the members
                    of the Advisory Board) who--
                                ``(i) represent the interest group for
                            which each seat is designated;
                                ``(ii) demonstrate expertise on ocean
                            acidification or coastal acidification and its
                            scientific, economic, industry, cultural, and
                            community impacts; and
                                ``(iii) have a record of distinguished
                            service with respect to ocean acidification or
                            coastal acidification, and such impacts;
                        ``(B) give consideration to nominations and
                    recommendations from the members of the interagency
                    working group and the public for such appointments; and
                        ``(C) ensure that an appropriate balance of
                    scientific, industry, State and local resource
                    managers, and geographical interests are represented by
                    the members of the Advisory Board.
                ``(5) Term of membership.--Each member of the Advisory
            Board--
                        ``(A) shall be appointed for a 5-year term; and
                        ``(B) may be appointed to no more than two terms.
                ``(6) Chair.--The Chair of the Subcommittee shall appoint
            one member of the Advisory Board to serve as the Chair of the
            Advisory Board.
                ``(7) Meetings.--Not less than once each calendar year, the
            Advisory Board shall meet at such times and places as may be
            designated by the Chair of the Advisory Board, in consultation
            with the Chair of the Subcommittee and the Chair of the
            interagency working group.
                ``(8) Briefing.--The Chair of the Advisory Board shall
            brief the Subcommittee and the interagency working group on the
            progress of the Advisory Board as necessary or at the request
            of the Subcommittee.
                ``(9) Tribal government engagement and coordination.--
                        ``(A) In general.--The Advisory Board shall
                    maintain mechanisms for coordination, and engagement
                    with Tribal governments.
                        ``(i) Rule of construction.--Nothing in
                    subparagraph (A) may be construed as affecting any
                    requirement to consult with Indian Tribes under
                    Executive Order 13175 (25 U.S.C. 5301 note; relating to
                    consultation and coordination with Tribal governments)
                    or any other applicable law or policy.
                ``(10) Federal advisory committee act.--Section 14 of the
            Federal Advisory Committee Act shall not apply to the Advisory
            Board for 10 years from the date of enactment of this Act.
        ``(d) Prize Competitions.--
                ``(1) In general.--Any Federal agency with a representative
            serving on the interagency working group established under this
            section may, either individually or in cooperation with one or
            more agencies, carry out a program to award prizes
            competitively under section 24 of the Stevenson-Wydler
            Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3719). An agency
            seeking to carry out such a program shall carry out such
            program in coordination with the chair of such interagency
            working group.
                ``(2) Purposes.--Any prize competition carried out under
            this subsection shall be for the purpose of stimulating
            innovation to advance our Nation's ability to understand,
            research, or monitor ocean acidification or its impacts, or to
            develop management or adaptation options for responding to
            ocean and coastal acidification.
                ``(3) Priority programs.--Priority shall be given to
            establishing programs under this section that address
            communities, environments, or industries that are in distress
            due to the impacts of ocean and coastal acidification.''.

    SEC. 10645. STRATEGIC RESEARCH PLAN.

        Section 12405 of the Federal Ocean Acidification Research and
    Monitoring Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3704) is amended--
                (1) in subsection (a)--
                        (A) by striking ``acidification'' each place it
                    appears and inserting ``acidification and coastal
                    acidification'';
                        (B) in the first sentence--
                                (i) by inserting ``, and not later than
                            every 5 years following the publication of each
                            subsequent strategic research plan until 2035''
                            after ``the date of enactment of this Act'';
                                (ii) by inserting ``address the
                            socioeconomic impacts of ocean acidification
                            and coastal acidification and to'' after
                            ``mitigation strategies to''; and
                                (iii) by striking ``marine ecosystems''
                            each place it appears and inserting
                            ``ecosystems''; and
                        (C) in the second sentence, by striking ``National
                    Academy of Sciences in the review of the plan required
                    under subsection (d)'', and inserting ``Advisory Board
                    established in section 12404(c)'';
                (2) in subsection (b)--
                        (A) in paragraph (1), by inserting ``and social
                    sciences'' after ``among the ocean sciences'';
                        (B) in paragraph (2)--
                                (i) in subparagraph (B)--
                                        (I) by striking ``improve the
                                    ability to assess the'' and inserting
                                    ``assess the short-term and long-
                                    term''; and
                                        (II) by striking ``; and'' at the
                                    end and inserting a semicolon;
                                (ii) by amending subparagraph (C) to read
                            as follows:
                        ``(C) provide information for the development of
                    adaptation and mitigation strategies to address--
                                ``(i) socioeconomic impacts of ocean
                            acidification and coastal acidification;
                                ``(ii) conservation of marine organisms and
                            ecosystems;
                                ``(iii) assessment of the effectiveness of
                            such adaptation and mitigation strategies;
                            and''; and
                                (iii) by adding at the end the following
                            new subparagraph:
                        ``(D) improve research on--
                                ``(i) ocean acidification and coastal
                            acidification;
                                ``(ii) the interactions between and effects
                            of ocean and coastal acidification and multiple
                            combined stressors including changes in water
                            chemistry, changes in sediment delivery,
                            hypoxia, and harmful algal blooms, on ocean
                            acidification and coastal acidification; and
                                ``(iii) the effect or effects of clauses
                            (i) and (ii) on marine resources and
                            ecosystems;'';
                        (C) in paragraph (3)--
                                (i) in subparagraph (F), by striking
                            ``database development'' and inserting ``data
                            management'';
                                (ii) in subparagraph (H) by striking
                            ``and'' at the end; and
                                (iii) by adding at the end the following
                            new subparagraphs:
                        ``(J) assessment of adaptation and mitigation
                    strategies; and
                        ``(K) education and outreach activities;'';
                        (D) in paragraph (4), by striking ``set forth'' and
                    inserting ``ensure an appropriate balance of
                    contribution in establishing'';
                        (E) in paragraph (5), by striking ``reports'' and
                    inserting ``the best available peer-reviewed scientific
                    reports'';
                        (F) in paragraph (6)--
                                (i) by inserting ``and coastal
                            acidification'' after ``ocean acidification'';
                            and
                                (ii) by striking ``of the United States''
                            and inserting ``within the United States'';
                        (G) in paragraph (8)--
                                (i) by inserting ``and coastal
                            acidification'' after ``ocean acidification''
                            each place it appears;
                                (ii) by striking ``its'' and inserting
                            ``their''; and
                                (iii) by striking ``; and'' at the end and
                            inserting a semicolon;
                        (H) in paragraph (9), by striking ``and'' at the
                    end
                        (I) in paragraph (10), by striking the period at
                    the end and inserting a semicolon; and
                        (J) by adding at the end the following:
                ``(11) describe monitoring needs necessary to support
            potentially affected industry members, coastal stakeholders,
            fishery management councils and commissions, Tribal
            governments, non-Federal resource managers, and scientific
            experts on decision-making and adaptation related to ocean
            acidification and coastal acidification; and
                ``(12) describe the extent to which the Subcommittee
            incorporated feedback from the Advisory Board established in
            section 12404(c).'';
                (3) in subsection (c)--
                        (A) in paragraph (1)(C), by striking ``surface'';
                        (B) in paragraph (2), by inserting ``and coastal
                    acidification'' after ``ocean acidification'' each
                    place it appears;
                        (C) in paragraph (3)--
                                (i) by striking ``input, and'' and
                            inserting ``inputs,'';
                                (ii) by inserting ``, marine food webs,''
                            after ``marine ecosystems''; and
                                (iii) by inserting ``, and modeling that
                            supports fisheries management'' after ``marine
                            organisms'';
                        (D) in paragraph (5), by inserting ``and coastal
                    acidification'' after ``ocean acidification''; and
                        (E) by adding at the end the following new
                    paragraph:
                ``(8) Research to understand related and cumulative
            stressors and other biogeochemical processes occurring in
            conjunction with ocean acidification and coastal
            acidification.''; and
                (4) by striking subsections (d) and (e) and inserting the
            following:
        ``(d) Publication.--Concurrent with the submission of the plan to
    Congress, the Subcommittee shall publish the plan on a public
    website.''.

    SEC. 10646. NOAA OCEAN ACIDIFICATION ACTIVITIES.

        Section 12406 of the Federal Ocean Acidification Research and
    Monitoring Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3705) is amended--
                (1) in subsection (a)--
                        (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by
                    inserting ``coordination,'' after ``research,
                    monitoring,'';
                        (B) in paragraph (1)--
                                (i) in subparagraph (B), by inserting
                            ``including leveraging, as appropriate, the
                            Integrated Ocean Observing System and the ocean
                            observing assets of other Federal, State, and
                            Tribal agencies,'' after ``ocean observing
                            assets,'';
                                (ii) by redesignating subparagraphs (C),
                            (D), (E), and (F) as subparagraphs (E), (G),
                            (H), and (I), respectively;
                                (iii) by inserting after subparagraph (B)
                            the following new subparagraphs:
                        ``(C) prioritization of the location of monitoring
                    instruments, assets, and projects to maximize the
                    efficiency of resources and agency and department
                    missions;
                        ``(D) an optimization of understanding of
                    socioeconomic impacts and ecosystem health''.
                                (iv) in subparagraph (E), as so
                            redesignated, by striking ``adaptation'' and
                            inserting ``adaptation and mitigation'';
                                (v) by inserting after subparagraph (E), as
                            so redesignated, the following new
                            subparagraph:
                        ``(F) technical assistance to socioeconomically
                    vulnerable States, local governments, Tribal
                    governments, communities, and industries impacted by
                    ocean and coastal acidification to support their
                    development of ocean and coastal acidification
                    mitigation strategies;''.
                                (vi) in subparagraph (H), as so
                            redesignated--
                                        (I) by striking ``its impacts'' and
                                    inserting ``their respective impacts'';
                                        (II) by striking ``and'' at the
                                    end;
                                (vii) in subparagraph (I), as so
                            redesignated--
                                        (I) by striking ``monitoring and
                                    impacts research'' and inserting
                                    ``research, monitoring, and adaptation
                                    and mitigation strategies''; and
                                        (II) by striking the period at the
                                    end and inserting a semicolon; and
                                (viii) by adding at the end the following
                            new subparagraphs:
                        ``(J) research to improve understanding of--
                                ``(i) the impact of ocean acidification and
                            coastal acidification; and
                                ``(ii) how multiple environmental stressors
                            may contribute to and exacerbate ocean and
                            coastal acidification on living marine
                            resources and coastal ecosystems; and
                        ``(K) research to support the development of
                    adaptation and mitigation strategies to address the
                    socioeconomic impacts of ocean and coastal
                    acidification on coastal communities;'';
                        (C) in paragraph (2), by striking ``critical
                    research projects that explore'' and inserting
                    ``critical research, education, and outreach projects
                    that explore and communicate''; and
                        (D) in paragraphs (1) and (2), by striking
                    ``acidification'' each place it appears and inserting
                    ``acidification and coastal acidification''; and
                (2) by adding at the end the following new subsections:
        ``(c) Relationship to Interagency Working Group.--The National
    Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration shall serve as the lead Federal
    agency responsible for coordinating the Federal response to ocean and
    coastal acidification. The Administration may enter into Memoranda of
    Understanding to--
                ``(1) coordinate monitoring and research efforts among
            Federal agencies in cooperation with State, local, and Tribal
            governments and international partners; this may include
            analysis and synthesis of the results of monitoring and
            research;
                ``(2) maintain an Ocean Acidification Information Exchange
            described under section 12404(b)(5) to allow for information to
            be electronically accessible, including information--
                        ``(A) on ocean acidification developed through or
                    used by the ocean acidification program described under
                    subsection (a); or
                        ``(B) that would be useful to State governments,
                    local governments, Tribal governments, resource
                    managers, policymakers, researchers, and other
                    stakeholders in mitigating or adapting to the impacts
                    of ocean acidification and coastal acidification; and
                ``(3) establishing and maintaining the data archive system
            under subsection (d).
        ``(d) Data Archive System.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Secretary, in coordination with the
            members of the interagency working group, shall support the
            long-term stewardship of, and access to, data relating to ocean
            and coastal acidification through providing the data on a
            publicly accessible data archive system. To the extent
            possible, this data archive system shall collect and provide
            access to ocean and coastal acidification data--
                        ``(A) from relevant federally funded research;
                        ``(B) provided by a Federal, State, or local
                    government, academic scientist, citizen scientist, or
                    industry organization;
                        ``(C) voluntarily submitted by Tribes or Tribal
                    governments; and
                        ``(D) from existing global or national data assets
                    that are currently maintained within Federal agencies.
                ``(2) Data standards.--The Secretary to, the extent
            possible, shall ensure all such data adheres to data and
            metadata standards to support the public findability,
            accessibility, interoperability, and reusability of such
            data.''.

    SEC. 10647. NSF OCEAN ACIDIFICATION ACTIVITIES.

        Section 12407 of the Federal Ocean Acidification Research and
    Monitoring Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3706) is amended--
                (1) by striking ``ocean acidification'' each place it
            appears and inserting ``ocean acidification and coastal
            acidification'';
                (2) in subsection (a)--
                        (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by
                    striking ``its impacts'' and inserting ``their
                    respective impacts'';
                        (B) in paragraph (3), by striking ``and its
                    impacts'' and inserting ``and their respective
                    impacts'';
                        (C) in paragraph (4), by striking the period at the
                    end and inserting ``; and''; and
                        (D) by adding at the end the following new
                    paragraph:
                ``(5) adaptation and mitigation strategies to address
            socioeconomic effects of ocean acidification and coastal
            acidification.''; and
                (3) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(d) Requirement.--Recipients of grants from the National Science
    Foundation under this subtitle that collect data described under
    section 12406(d) shall--
                ``(1) collect data in accordance with the standards,
            protocols, or procedures established pursuant to section
            12406(d); and
                ``(2) submit such data to the Director and the Secretary
            after publication, in accordance with any rules promulgated by
            the Director or the Secretary.''.

    SEC. 10648. NASA OCEAN ACIDIFICATION ACTIVITIES.

        Section 12408 of the Federal Ocean Acidification Research and
    Monitoring Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3707) is amended--
                (1) by striking ``ocean acidification'' each place it
            appears and inserting ``ocean acidification and coastal
            acidification'';
                (2) in subsection (a), by striking ``its impacts'' and
            inserting ``their respective impacts''; and
                (3) by adding at the end the following new subsection:
        ``(d) Requirement.--Researchers from the National Aeronautics and
    Space Administration under this subtitle that collect data described
    under section 12406(d) shall--
                ``(1) collect such data in accordance with the standards,
            protocols, or procedures established pursuant to section
            12406(d); and
                ``(2) submit such data to the Administrator and the
            Secretary, in accordance with any rules promulgated by the
            Administrator or the Secretary.''.

    SEC. 10649. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

        Section 12409 of the Federal Ocean Acidification Research and
    Monitoring Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3708) is amended--
                (1) in subsection (a), by striking ``subtitle--'' and all
            that follows through paragraph (4) and inserting the following:
            ``subtitle--
                ``(1) $20,500,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                ``(2) $22,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                ``(3) $24,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
                ``(4) $26,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
                ``(5) $28,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.''; and
                (2) in subsection (b), by striking ``subtitle--'' and all
            that follows through paragraph (4) and inserting the following:
            ``subtitle, $20,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 2023
            through 2027.''.

                     Subtitle F--Interagency Working Group

    SEC. 10651. INTERAGENCY WORKING GROUP.

        (a) Establishment.--The Director of the Office of Science and
    Technology Policy, acting through the National Science and Technology
    Council, shall establish or designate an interagency working group to
    coordinate the activities specified in subsection (c).
        (b) Composition.--The interagency working group shall be composed
    of the following members (or their designees), who may be organized
    into subcommittees, as appropriate:
                (1) The Secretary of Commerce.
                (2) The Director of the National Science Foundation.
                (3) The Secretary of Energy.
                (4) The Secretary of Defense.
                (5) The Director of the National Economic Council.
                (6) The Director of the Office of Management and Budget.
                (7) The Secretary of Health and Human Services.
                (8) The Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space
            Administration.
                (9) The Secretary of Agriculture.
                (10) The Director of National Intelligence.
                (11) The Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation.
                (12) Such other Federal officials as the Director of the
            Office of Science and Technology Policy considers appropriate,
            including members of the National Science and Technology
            Council Committee on Technology.
        (c) Coordination.--The interagency working group shall seek to
    ensure that the activities of different Federal agencies enhance and
    complement, but, as appropriate, do not duplicate, efforts being
    carried out by another Federal agency, with a focus on the following:
                (1) The activities of the National Science Foundation
            Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships Directorate in the key
            technology focus areas, such as within the Regional Innovation
            Engines under section 10388 and test beds under section 10390.
                (2) The activities of the Department of Commerce under this
            division, including regional technology hubs under section 28
            of the Stevenson-Wydler Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 13701 et seq.),
            as added by section 10621, the Manufacturing USA Program
            established under section 34(b)(1) of the National Institute of
            Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278s(b)(1)), and the
            Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership (15 U.S.C. 278k).
                (3) The activities of the Department of Energy in the key
            technology focus areas, including at the national laboratories,
            and at Federal laboratories, as defined in section 4 of the
            Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C.
            3703), and facilities and user facilities operated in
            partnership with such national laboratories or the Department
            of Energy.
                (4) Any other program that the Director of the Office of
            Science and Technology Policy determines involves research and
            development with respect to the key technology focus areas.
        (d) Report.--The interagency working group shall--
                (1) by not later than 180 days after the date of enactment
            of this division--
                        (A) conduct an initial review of Federal programs
                    and resources with respect to the key technology focus
                    areas identified pursuant to section 10387(a)(2), in
                    order to--
                                (i) assess current level of efforts and
                            characterize existing research infrastructure,
                            as of the date of the review;
                                (ii) identify potential areas of overlap or
                            duplication with respect to the key technology
                            focus areas; and
                                (iii) identify potential cross-agency
                            collaborations and joint funding opportunities;
                            and
                        (B) submit a report regarding the review described
                    in subparagraph (A) to Congress; and
                        (C) seek stakeholder input and recommendations in
                    the course of such review; and
                (2) shall carry out the annual reviews and updates required
            under section 10387(e).
        (e) Conflicts.--If any conflicts between Federal agencies arise
    while carrying out the activities under this section, the President
    shall make the final decision regarding resolution of the conflict.

               Subtitle G--Quantum Networking and Communications

    SEC. 10661. QUANTUM NETWORKING AND COMMUNICATIONS.

        (a) Definitions.--In this section:
                (1) Director.--The term ``Director'' means the Director of
            the National Science Foundation.
                (2) Appropriate committees of congress.--The term
            ``appropriate committees of Congress'' has the meaning given
            such term in section 2 of the National Quantum Initiative Act
            (15 U.S.C. 8801).
                (3) Q2work program.--The term ``Q2Work Program'' means the
            Q2Work Program supported by the Foundation.
        (b) Quantum Networking Working Group Report on Quantum Networking
    and Communications.--
                (1) Report.--Section 103 of the National Quantum Initiative
            Act (15 U.S.C. 8813) is amended by adding the following at the
            end the following new subsection:
        ``(h) Report on Quantum Networking and Communications.--
                ``(1) In general.--Not later than January 1, 2026, the
            Quantum Networking Working Group within the Subcommittee on
            Quantum Information Science of the National Science and
            Technology Council, in coordination with the Subcommittee on
            the Economic and Security Implications of Quantum Information
            Science, shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress
            a report detailing a plan for the advancement of quantum
            networking and communications technology in the United States,
            building on the report entitled A Strategic Vision for
            America's Quantum Networks and A Coordinated Approach for
            Quantum Networking Research.
                ``(2) Requirements.--The report under paragraph (1) shall
            include the following:
                        ``(A) An update to the report entitled Coordinated
                    Approach to Quantum Networking Research Report focusing
                    on a framework for interagency collaboration regarding
                    the advancement of quantum networking and
                    communications research.
                        ``(B) A plan for Federal Government partnership
                    with the private sector and interagency collaboration
                    regarding engagement in international standards for
                    quantum networking and communications technology,
                    including a list of Federal priorities for standards
                    relating to such networking and technology.
                        ``(C) A proposal for the protection of national
                    security interests relating to the advancement of
                    quantum networking and communications technology.
                        ``(D) An assessment of the relative position of the
                    United States with respect to other countries in the
                    global race to develop, demonstrate, and utilize
                    quantum networking and communications technology.
                        ``(E) Recommendations to Congress for legislative
                    action relating to the matters considered under
                    subparagraphs (A), (B), (C), and (D).
                        ``(F) Such other matters as the Quantum Network
                    Working Group considers necessary to advance the
                    security of communications and network infrastructure,
                    remain at the forefront of scientific discovery in the
                    quantum information science domain, and transition
                    quantum information science research into the emerging
                    quantum technology economy.''.
        (c) Quantum Networking and Communications Research and
    Standardization.--
                (1) Research.--Subsection (a) of section 201 of the
            National Quantum Initiative Act (15 U.S.C. 8831) is amended
            by--
                        (A) redesignating paragraphs (3) and (4) as
                    paragraphs (6) and (7), respectively; and
                        (B) inserting after paragraph (2) the following new
                    paragraphs:
                ``(3) shall carry out research to facilitate the
            development and standardization of quantum cryptography and
            post-quantum classical cryptography;
                ``(4) shall carry out research to facilitate the
            development and standardization of quantum networking,
            communications, and sensing technologies and applications;
                ``(5) for quantum technologies determined by the Director
            of the National Institute of Standards and Technology to be at
            a readiness level sufficient for standardization, shall provide
            technical review and assistance to such other Federal agencies
            as the Director considers appropriate for the development of
            quantum networking infrastructure standards;''.
                (2) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized
            to be appropriated to the Scientific and Technical Research and
            Services account of the National Institute of Standards and
            Technology to carry out paragraphs (3) through (5) of
            subsection (a) of section 201 of the National Quantum
            Initiative Act (as inserted pursuant to the amendments made by
            paragraph (1) of this subsection) $15,000,000 for each of
            fiscal years 2023 through 2027.
        (d) Quantum Information Science Workforce Evaluation and
    Acceleration.--
                (1) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the date of
            the enactment of this Act, the Director shall enter into an
            agreement with the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering,
            and Medicine to conduct a study to evaluate and make
            recommendations for the quantum information science workforce.
            The study shall--
                        (A) characterize the quantum information science
                    workforce, including by--
                                (i) describing what constitutes a quantum
                            information science qualified worker across
                            sectors, including academia, the Federal
                            Government, and industry; and
                                (ii) describing the size and makeup of the
                            quantum information science workforce,
                            including an assessment of current and future
                            trends;
                        (B) identify near- and long-term quantum
                    information science workforce needs across government,
                    academia, and industry sectors, including identifying
                    the cross-disciplinary academic degrees or academic
                    courses necessary to--
                                (i) prepare students for multiple career
                            pathways in quantum information sciences and
                            related fields;
                                (ii) ensure the United States is
                            competitive in the field of quantum information
                            science while preserving national security; and
                                (iii) support the development of quantum
                            applications;
                        (C) assess the state of quantum information science
                    education and skills training at all education levels
                    and identify gaps in meeting current and future
                    workforce needs, including with respect to--
                                (i) elementary, middle, and high-school
                            student access to foundational courses, age-
                            appropriate quantum concepts, and hands-on
                            learning opportunities;
                                (ii) elementary, middle, and high-school
                            teacher professional development and access to
                            resources, materials, lesson plans, modules,
                            and curricula;
                                (iii) career pivot and skills training
                            opportunities, including professional
                            certificates and internships; and
                                (iv) higher education curricula, laboratory
                            experiences in academia, the Federal
                            Government, and industry settings, and cross-
                            discipline degree programs aligned with
                            workforce needs; and
                        (D) make recommendations for developing a diverse,
                    flexible, and sustainable quantum information science
                    workforce that meets the evolving needs of academia,
                    the Federal Government, and industry.
                (2) Report.--Not later than two years after the date of the
            enactment of this Act, the National Academies of Science,
            Engineering, and Medicine shall submit to Congress and the
            Director a report containing the results of the study conducted
            pursuant to paragraph (1).
        (e) Incorporating QISE Into STEM Curriculum.--
                (1) In general.--Section 301 of the National Quantum
            Initiative Act (15 U.S.C. 8841) is amended by adding the
            following at the end:
        ``(d) Incorporating QISE Into STEM Curriculum.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Director of the National Science
            Foundation shall, through programs carried out or supported by
            the National Science Foundation, seek to increase the
            integration of quantum information science and engineering
            (referred to in this subsection as `QISE') into the STEM
            curriculum at all education levels, including community
            colleges, as considered appropriate by the Director.
                ``(2) Curriculum integration.--The curriculum integration
            under paragraph (1) may include the following:
                        ``(A) Methods to conceptualize QISE for elementary,
                    middle, and high school curricula.
                        ``(B) Methods for strengthening foundational
                    mathematics and science curricula.
                        ``(C) Methods for integrating students who are
                    underserved or historically underrepresented groups in
                    STEM.
                        ``(D) Age-appropriate materials that apply the
                    principles of quantum information science in STEM
                    fields.
                        ``(E) Recommendations for the standardization of
                    key concepts, definitions, and curriculum criteria
                    across government, academia, and industry.
                        ``(F) Materials that specifically address the
                    findings and outcomes of the study to evaluate and make
                    recommendations for the quantum information science
                    workforce pursuant to subsection (d) of section 10661
                    of the Research and Development, Competition, and
                    Innovation Act and strategies to account for the skills
                    and workforce needs identified through such study.
                ``(3) Coordination.--In carrying out this subsection, the
            Director shall coordinate with relevant Federal agencies, and
            consult with nongovernmental entities with expertise in QISE,
            as appropriate, which may include institutions eligible to
            participate in the Established Program to Stimulate Competitive
            Research (EPSCoR).
                ``(4) Definition.--In this subsection, the term `STEM'
            means the academic and professional disciplines of science,
            technology, engineering, and mathematics, including computer
            science.''.
        (f) Quantum Education Pilot Program.--
                (1) In general.--Not later than one year after the date of
            the enactment of this Act, the Director, building on the
            National Science Foundation's role in the National Q-12
            Education Partnership and programs such as Q2Work Program,
            shall make awards to institutions of higher education, non-
            profit organizations, or consortia thereof to carry out a pilot
            program, to be known as the ``Next Generation Quantum Leaders
            Pilot Program'' (in this subsection referred to as the
            ``Program''), for the education and training of the next
            generation of students and teachers in the fundamental
            principles of quantum mechanics.
                (2) Requirements.--
                        (A) In general.--In carrying out the Program, the
                    Director shall--
                                (i) encourage awardees to coordinate with
                            educational service agencies (as such term
                            ``educational service agency'' is defined in
                            section 602(5) of the Individuals with
                            Disabilities Education Improvement Act of 2004
                            (20 U.S.C. 1401(5))), associations that support
                            STEM educators or local educational agencies,
                            and partnerships through the Q-12 Education
                            Partnership, to encourage elementary schools,
                            middle schools, and secondary schools, and
                            State educational agencies to participate in
                            the Program;
                                (ii) require that awardees partner with
                            elementary schools, middle schools, or
                            secondary schools, or consortia thereof, and
                            State educational agencies, to carry out
                            activities under the Program;
                        (B) Use of funds.--In carrying out the Program, the
                    Director shall make competitive, merit-reviewed awards
                    to--
                                (i) support testing, evaluation,
                            dissemination, and implementation of age-
                            appropriate quantum information sciences
                            curricula and resources, including the
                            integration of quantum information science and
                            engineering into the STEM curriculum pursuant
                            to subsection (d) of section 301 of the
                            National Quantum Initiative Act (15 U.S.C.
                            8841), as added by subsection (e);
                                (ii) support opportunities for informal
                            education on quantum concepts, including
                            informal hands-on learning opportunities;
                                (iii) support opportunities for students to
                            further explore quantum information science
                            education and related careers;
                                (iv) develop and implement training,
                            research, and professional development programs
                            for teachers, including innovative pre-service
                            and in-service programs, in quantum information
                            science and related fields; and
                                (v) carry out such other activities as the
                            Director determines appropriate.
                        (C) Distribution.--In carrying out the Program and
                    to the extent practicable, the Director shall ensure
                    there is a wide, equitable distribution of Program
                    participants across diverse geographic areas and that
                    the Program includes a diverse representation of
                    students, including students from groups historically
                    underrepresented in STEM.
                (3) Consultation.--The Director shall carry out the Program
            in consultation with the QIS Workforce Working Group of the
            Subcommittee on Quantum Information Science of the National
            Science and Technology Council and the Advancing Informal STEM
            Learning Program.
                (4) Reporting.--Not later than four years after the date of
            the enactment of this section, the Director shall submit to
            Congress a report that includes the following:
                        (A) An assessment, that includes feedback from a
                    wide range of stakeholders in academia, K-12 education,
                    and the private sector, of the effectiveness of the
                    Program in scaling up implementation of effective
                    quantum education and training innovations.
                        (B) If determined to be effective, a plan for
                    integrating the Program into existing programs,
                    including the feasibility and advisability of expanding
                    the scope of the Program to include additional
                    technology areas, grade levels, and educational
                    institutions beyond those originally selected to
                    participate in the Program.
                (5) Authorization of appropriations.--There are authorized
            to be appropriated to the Director $8,000,000 for each of
            fiscal years 2023 through 2026 to carry out this section.
                (6) Termination.--This subsection shall terminate on the
            date that is four years after the date of the enactment of this
            Act.

                       Subtitle H--Blockchain Specialist

    SEC. 10671. ESTABLISHMENT OF BLOCKCHAIN AND CRYPTOCURRENCY SPECIALIST
                  POSITION WITHIN OSTP.

        The Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy shall
    establish or designate a blockchain and cryptocurrencies advisory
    specialist position within the Office to coordinate Federal activities
    and advise the President on matters of research and development
    relating to blockchain, cryptocurrencies, and distributed ledger
    technologies.

          Subtitle I--Partnerships for Energy Security and Innovation

    SEC. 10691. FOUNDATION FOR ENERGY SECURITY AND INNOVATION.

        (a) Definitions.--In this section:
                (1) Board.--The term ``Board'' means the Board of Directors
            described in subsection (b)(2)(A).
                (2) Department.--The term ``Department'' means the
            Department of Energy.
                (3) Executive director.--The term ``Executive Director''
            means the Executive Director described in subsection (b)(5)(A).
                (4) Foundation.--The term ``Foundation'' means the
            Foundation for Energy Security and Innovation established under
            subsection (b)(1).
                (5) Historically black college or university.--The term
            ``historically Black college or university'' has the meaning
            given the term ``part B institution'' in section 322 of the
            Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1061).
                (6) Individual laboratory-associated foundation.--The term
            ``Individual Laboratory-Associated Foundation'' means a
            Laboratory Foundation established by an operating contractor of
            a National Laboratory.
                (7) Minority-serving institution.--The term ``minority
            serving institution'' means a Hispanic-serving institution as
            defined in section 502 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20
            U.S.C. 1101a), an Alaska Native-serving institution and a
            Native Hawaiian-serving institution as defined in section in
            317 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1059d), or a
            Predominantly Black Institution, Asian American and Native
            American Pacific Islander-serving institution, or a Native
            American-serving nontribal institution as defined in section
            371 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1067q).
                (8) National laboratory.--The term ``National Laboratory''
            has the meaning given the term in section 2 of the Energy
            Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 15801).
                (9) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary
            of Energy.
                (10) Tribal college or university.--The term ``Tribal
            College or University'' has the meaning given in section 316 of
            the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1059c).
        (b) Foundation for Energy Security and Innovation.--
                (1) Establishment.--
                        (A) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the
                    date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall
                    establish a nonprofit corporation to be known as the
                    ``Foundation for Energy Security and Innovation''.
                        (B) Mission.--The mission of the Foundation shall
                    be--
                                (i) to support the mission of the
                            Department; and
                                (ii) to advance collaboration with energy
                            researchers, institutions of higher education,
                            industry, and nonprofit and philanthropic
                            organizations to accelerate the
                            commercialization of energy technologies.
                        (C) Limitation.--The Foundation shall not be an
                    agency or instrumentality of the Federal Government.
                        (D) Tax-exempt status.--The Board shall take all
                    necessary and appropriate steps to ensure that the
                    Foundation is an organization that is described in
                    section 501(c) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 and
                    exempt from taxation under section 501(a) of that Code.
                        (E) Collaboration with existing organizations.--The
                    Secretary may collaborate with 1 or more organizations
                    to establish the Foundation and carry out the
                    activities of the Foundation.
                (2) Board of directors.--
                        (A) Establishment.--The Foundation shall be
                    governed by a Board of Directors.
                        (B) Composition.--
                                (i) In general.--The Board shall be
                            composed of the ex officio nonvoting members
                            described in clause (ii) and the appointed
                            voting members described in clause (iii).
                                (ii) Ex officio members.--The ex officio
                            members of the Board shall be the following
                            individuals or designees of those individuals:
                                        (I) The Secretary.
                                        (II) The Under Secretary for
                                    Science.
                                        (III) The Under Secretary for
                                    Nuclear Security.
                                        (IV) The Chief Commercialization
                                    Officer.
                                (iii) Appointed members.--
                                        (I) Initial members.--The Secretary
                                    and the other ex officio members of the
                                    Board shall--
                                                (aa) seek to enter into an
                                            agreement with the National
                                            Academies of Sciences,
                                            Engineering, and Medicine to
                                            develop a list of individuals
                                            to serve as members of the
                                            Board who are well-qualified
                                            and will meet the requirements
                                            of subclauses (II) and (III);
                                            and
                                                (bb) appoint the initial
                                            members of the Board from that
                                            list, if applicable, in
                                            consultation with the National
                                            Academies of Sciences,
                                            Engineering, and Medicine.
                                        (II) Representation.--The appointed
                                    members of the Board shall reflect a
                                    broad cross-section of stakeholders
                                    from academia, National Laboratories,
                                    industry, nonprofit organizations,
                                    State or local governments, the
                                    investment community, and the
                                    philanthropic community.
                                        (III) Experience.--The Secretary
                                    shall ensure that a majority of the
                                    appointed members of the Board--
                                                (aa)(AA) has experience in
                                            the energy sector;
                                                (BB) has research
                                            experience in the energy field;
                                            or
                                                (CC) has experience in
                                            technology commercialization or
                                            foundation operations; and
                                                (bb) to the extent
                                            practicable, represents diverse
                                            regions, sectors, and
                                            communities.
                        (C) Chair and vice chair.--
                                (i) In general.--The Board shall designate
                            from among the members of the Board--
                                        (I) an individual to serve as Chair
                                    of the Board; and
                                        (II) an individual to serve as Vice
                                    Chair of the Board.
                                (ii) Terms.--The term of service of the
                            Chair and Vice Chair of the Board shall end on
                            the earlier of--
                                        (I) the date that is 3 years after
                                    the date on which the Chair or Vice
                                    Chair of the Board, as applicable, is
                                    designated for the position; and
                                        (II) the last day of the term of
                                    service of the member, as determined
                                    under subparagraph (D)(i), who is
                                    designated to be Chair or Vice Chair of
                                    the Board, as applicable.
                                (iii) Representation.--The Chair and Vice
                            Chair of the Board--
                                        (I) shall not be representatives of
                                    the same area of subject matter
                                    expertise, or entity, as applicable,
                                    under subparagraph (B)(iii)(II); and
                                        (II) shall not be representatives
                                    of any area of subject matter
                                    expertise, or entity, as applicable,
                                    represented by the immediately
                                    preceding Chair and Vice Chair of the
                                    Board.
                        (D) Terms and vacancies.--
                                (i) Terms.--
                                        (I) In general.--The term of
                                    service of each appointed member of the
                                    Board shall be not more than 5 years.
                                        (II) Initial appointed members.--Of
                                    the initial members of the Board
                                    appointed under subparagraph
                                    (B)(iii)(I), half of the members shall
                                    serve for 4 years and half of the
                                    members shall serve for 5 years, as
                                    determined by the Chair of the Board.
                                (ii) Vacancies.--Any vacancy in the
                            membership of the appointed members of the
                            Board--
                                        (I) shall be filled in accordance
                                    with the bylaws of the Foundation by an
                                    individual capable of representing the
                                    same area or entity, as applicable, as
                                    represented by the vacating board
                                    member under subparagraph (B)(iii)(II);
                                        (II) shall not affect the power of
                                    the remaining appointed members to
                                    execute the duties of the Board; and
                                        (III) shall be filled by an
                                    individual selected by the Board.
                        (E) Meetings; quorum.--
                                (i) Initial meeting.--Not later than 60
                            days after the Board is established, the
                            Secretary shall convene a meeting of the ex
                            officio and appointed members of the Board to
                            incorporate the Foundation.
                                (ii) Quorum.--A majority of the appointed
                            members of the Board shall constitute a quorum
                            for purposes of conducting the business of the
                            Board.
                        (F) Duties.--The Board shall--
                                (i) establish bylaws for the Foundation in
                            accordance with subparagraph (G);
                                (ii) provide overall direction for the
                            activities of the Foundation and establish
                            priority activities;
                                (iii) carry out any other necessary
                            activities of the Foundation;
                                (iv) evaluate the performance of the
                            Executive Director; and
                                (v) actively solicit and accept funds,
                            gifts, grants, devises, or bequests of real or
                            personal property to the Foundation, including
                            from private entities.
                        (G) Bylaws.--
                                (i) In general.--The bylaws established
                            under subparagraph (F)(i) may include--
                                        (I) policies for the selection of
                                    Board members, officers, employees,
                                    agents, and contractors of the
                                    Foundation;
                                        (II) policies, including ethical
                                    standards, for--
                                                (aa) the acceptance,
                                            solicitation, and disposition
                                            of donations and grants to the
                                            Foundation, including
                                            appropriate limits on the
                                            ability of donors to designate,
                                            by stipulation or restriction,
                                            the use or recipient of donated
                                            funds; and
                                                (bb) the disposition of
                                            assets of the Foundation;
                                        (III) policies that subject all
                                    employees, fellows, trainees, and other
                                    agents of the Foundation (including ex
                                    officio and appointed members of the
                                    Board) to conflict of interest
                                    standards; and
                                        (IV) the specific duties of the
                                    Executive Director.
                                (ii) Requirements.--The Board shall ensure
                            that the bylaws of the Foundation and the
                            activities carried out under those bylaws shall
                            not--
                                        (I) reflect unfavorably on the
                                    ability of the Foundation to carry out
                                    activities in a fair and objective
                                    manner; or
                                        (II) compromise, or appear to
                                    compromise, the integrity of any
                                    governmental agency or program, or any
                                    officer or employee employed by, or
                                    involved in, a governmental agency or
                                    program.
                        (H) Compensation.--
                                (i) In general.--No member of the Board
                            shall receive compensation for serving on the
                            Board.
                                (ii) Certain expenses.--In accordance with
                            the bylaws of the Foundation, members of the
                            Board may be reimbursed for travel expenses,
                            including per diem in lieu of subsistence, and
                            other necessary expenses incurred in carrying
                            out the duties of the Board.
                        (I) Restriction on membership.--No employee of the
                    Department shall be appointed as a member of the Board
                    of Directors.
                (3) Purposes.--The purposes of the Foundation are--
                        (A) to support the Department in carrying out the
                    mission of the Department to ensure the security and
                    prosperity of the United States by addressing energy
                    and environmental challenges through transformative
                    science and technology solutions; and
                        (B) to increase private and philanthropic sector
                    investments that support efforts to create,
                    characterize, develop, test, validate, and deploy or
                    commercialize innovative technologies that address
                    crosscutting national energy challenges, including
                    those affecting minority, rural, and other underserved
                    communities, by methods that include--
                                (i) fostering collaboration and
                            partnerships with researchers from the Federal
                            Government, State governments, institutions of
                            higher education, including historically Black
                            colleges or universities, Tribal Colleges or
                            Universities, and minority-serving
                            institutions, federally funded research and
                            development centers, industry, and nonprofit
                            organizations for the research, development, or
                            commercialization of transformative energy and
                            associated technologies;
                                (ii) strengthening and sharing best
                            practices relating to regional economic
                            development through scientific and energy
                            innovation, including in partnership with an
                            Individual Laboratory-Associated Foundation;
                                (iii) promoting new product development
                            that supports job creation;
                                (iv) administering prize competitions--
                                        (I) to accelerate private sector
                                    competition and investment; and
                                        (II) that complement the use of
                                    prize authority by the Department;
                                (v) supporting programs that advance
                            technology maturation, especially where there
                            may be gaps in Federal or private funding in
                            advancing a technology to deployment or
                            commercialization from the prototype stage to a
                            commercial stage;
                                (vi) supporting efforts to broaden
                            participation in energy technology development
                            among individuals from historically
                            underrepresented groups or regions; and
                                (vii) facilitating access to Department
                            facilities, equipment, and expertise to assist
                            in tackling national challenges.
                (4) Activities.--
                        (A) Studies, competitions, and projects.--The
                    Foundation may conduct and support studies,
                    competitions, projects, and other activities that
                    further the purposes of the Foundation described in
                    paragraph (3).
                        (B) Fellowships and grants.--
                                (i) In general.--The Foundation may award
                            fellowships and grants for activities relating
                            to research, development, demonstration,
                            maturation, or commercialization of energy and
                            other Department-supported technologies.
                                (ii) Form of award.--A fellowship or grant
                            under clause (i) may consist of a stipend,
                            health insurance benefits, funds for travel,
                            and funds for other appropriate expenses.
                                (iii) Selection.--In selecting a recipient
                            for a fellowship or grant under clause (i), the
                            Foundation--
                                        (I) shall make the selection based
                                    on the technical and commercialization
                                    merits of the proposed project of the
                                    potential recipient; and
                                        (II) may consult with a potential
                                    recipient regarding the ability of the
                                    potential recipient to carry out
                                    various projects that would further the
                                    purposes of the Foundation described in
                                    paragraph (3).
                                (iv) National laboratories.--A National
                            Laboratory that applies for or accepts an award
                            under clause (i) shall not be considered to be
                            engaging in a competitive process.
                        (C) Accessing facilities and expertise.--The
                    Foundation may work with the Department--
                                (i) to leverage the capabilities and
                            facilities of National Laboratories to
                            commercialize technology; and
                                (ii) to assist with resources, including by
                            providing information on the assets of each
                            National Laboratory that may enable the
                            deployment and commercialization of technology.
                        (D) Training and education.--The Foundation may
                    support programs that provide training to researchers,
                    scientists, other relevant personnel at National
                    Laboratories and institutions of higher education, and
                    previous or current recipients of or applicants for
                    Department funding to help research, develop,
                    demonstrate, deploy, and commercialize federally funded
                    technology.
                        (E) Maturation funding.--The Foundation shall
                    support programs that provide maturation funding to
                    researchers to advance the technology of those
                    researchers for the purpose of moving products from a
                    prototype stage to a commercial stage.
                        (F) Stakeholder engagement.--The Foundation shall
                    convene, and may consult with, representatives from the
                    Department, institutions of higher education, National
                    Laboratories, the private sector, and commercialization
                    organizations to develop programs for the purposes of
                    the Foundation described in paragraph (3) and to
                    advance the activities of the Foundation.
                        (G) Individual and federal laboratory-associated
                    foundations.--
                                (i) Definition of covered foundation.--In
                            this subparagraph, the term ``covered
                            foundation'' means each of the following:
                                        (I) An Individual Laboratory-
                                    Associated Foundation.
                                        (II) A Federal Laboratory-
                                    Associated Foundation established
                                    pursuant to subsection (c)(1).
                                (ii) Support.--The Foundation shall provide
                            support to and collaborate with covered
                            foundations.
                                (iii) Guidelines and templates.--For the
                            purpose of providing support under clause (ii),
                            the Secretary shall establish suggested
                            guidelines and templates for covered
                            foundations, including--
                                        (I) a standard adaptable
                                    organizational design for responsible
                                    management;
                                        (II) standard and legally tenable
                                    bylaws and money-handling procedures;
                                    and
                                        (III) a standard training
                                    curriculum to orient and expand the
                                    operating expertise of personnel
                                    employed by covered foundations.
                                (iv) Affiliations.--Nothing in this
                            subparagraph requires--
                                        (I) an existing Individual
                                    Laboratory-Associated Foundation to
                                    modify current practices or affiliate
                                    with the Foundation; or
                                        (II) a covered foundation to be
                                    bound by charter or corporate bylaws as
                                    permanently affiliated with the
                                    Foundation.
                        (H) Supplemental programs.--The Foundation may
                    carry out supplemental programs--
                                (i) to conduct and support forums,
                            meetings, conferences, courses, and training
                            workshops consistent with the purposes of the
                            Foundation described in paragraph (3);
                                (ii) to support and encourage the
                            understanding and development of data that
                            promotes the translation of technologies from
                            the research stage, through the development and
                            maturation stage, and ending in the market
                            stage;
                                (iii) for writing, editing, printing,
                            publishing, and vending books and other
                            materials relating to research carried out
                            under the Foundation and the Department; and
                                (iv) to conduct other activities to carry
                            out and support the purposes of the Foundation
                            described in paragraph (3).
                        (I) Evaluations.--The Foundation shall support the
                    development of an evaluation methodology, to be used as
                    part of any program supported by the Foundation, that
                    shall--
                                (i) consist of qualitative and quantitative
                            metrics; and
                                (ii) include periodic third party
                            evaluation of those programs and other
                            activities of the Foundation.
                        (J) Communications.--The Foundation shall develop
                    an expertise in communications to promote the work of
                    grant and fellowship recipients under subparagraph (B),
                    the commercialization successes of the Foundation,
                    opportunities for partnership with the Foundation, and
                    other activities.
                        (K) Solicitation and use of funds.--The Foundation
                    may solicit and accept gifts, grants, and other
                    donations, establish accounts, and invest and expend
                    funds in support of the activities and programs of the
                    Foundation.
                        (L) Authority of the foundation.--The Foundation
                    shall be the sole entity responsible for carrying out
                    the activities described in this paragraph.
                (5) Administration.--
                        (A) Executive director.--The Board shall hire an
                    Executive Director of the Foundation, who shall serve
                    at the pleasure of the Board. Subject to the compliance
                    with the policies and bylaws established pursuant to
                    paragraph (2)(G), the Executive Director shall be
                    responsible for the daily operations of the Foundation
                    in carrying the activities described in paragraph (4).
                        (B) Compensation.--The rate of compensation of the
                    Executive Director shall be fixed by the Board.
                        (C) Administrative control.--No member of the
                    Board, officer or employee of the Foundation or of any
                    program established by the Foundation, or participant
                    in a program established by the Foundation, shall
                    exercise administrative control over any Federal
                    employee.
                        (D) Strategic plan.--Not later than 1 year after
                    the date of enactment of this Act, the Foundation shall
                    submit to the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources
                    of the Senate and the Committee on Science, Space, and
                    Technology of the House of Representatives a strategic
                    plan that contains--
                                (i) a plan for the Foundation to become
                            financially self-sustaining in fiscal year 2023
                            and thereafter (except for the amounts provided
                            each fiscal year under paragraph (11)(A)(iii));
                                (ii) a forecast of major crosscutting
                            energy challenge opportunities, including
                            short- and long-term objectives, identified by
                            the Board, with input from communities
                            representing the entities and areas of subject
                            matter expertise, as applicable, described in
                            paragraph (2)(B)(iii)(II);
                                (iii) a description of the efforts that the
                            Foundation will take to be transparent in the
                            processes of the Foundation, including
                            processes relating to--
                                        (I) grant awards, including
                                    selection, review, and notification;
                                        (II) communication of past,
                                    current, and future research
                                    priorities; and
                                        (III) solicitation of and response
                                    to public input on the opportunities
                                    identified under clause (ii);
                                (iv) a description of the financial goals
                            and benchmarks of the Foundation for the
                            following 10 years;
                                (v) a description of the efforts undertaken
                            by the Foundation to engage historically
                            underrepresented groups or regions, including
                            through collaborations with historically Black
                            colleges and universities, Tribal Colleges or
                            Universities, minority-serving institutions,
                            and minority-owned and women-owned business,
                            and;
                                (vi) a description of the efforts
                            undertaken by the Foundation to ensure maximum
                            complementarity and minimum redundancy with
                            investments made by the Department.
                        (E) Annual report.--Not later than 1 year after the
                    date on which the Foundation is established, and every
                    years thereafter, the Foundation shall submit to the
                    Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the
                    Senate, the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology
                    of the House of Representatives, and the Secretary a
                    report that, for the year covered by the report--
                                (i) describes the activities of the
                            Foundation and the progress of the Foundation
                            in furthering the purposes of the Foundation
                            described in paragraph (3);
                                (ii) provides a specific accounting of the
                            source and use of all funds made available to
                            the Foundation to carry out those activities to
                            ensure transparency in the alignment of
                            Department missions and policies with national
                            security;
                                (iii) describes how the results of the
                            activities of the Foundation could be
                            incorporated into the procurement processes of
                            the General Services Administration; and
                                (iv) includes a summary of each evaluation
                            conducted using the evaluation methodology
                            described in paragraph (4)(I).
                        (F) Evaluation by comptroller general.--Not later
                    than 5 years after the date on which the Foundation is
                    established, the Comptroller General of the United
                    States shall submit to the Committee on Energy and
                    Natural Resources of the Senate and the Committee on
                    Science, Space, and Technology of the House of
                    Representatives--
                                (i) an evaluation of--
                                        (I) the extent to which the
                                    Foundation is achieving the mission of
                                    the Foundation; and
                                        (II) the operation of the
                                    Foundation; and
                                (ii) any recommendations on how the
                            Foundation may be improved.
                        (G) Audits.--The Foundation shall--
                                (i) provide for annual audits of the
                            financial condition of the Foundation; and
                                (ii) make the audits, and all other
                            records, documents, and papers of the
                            Foundation, available to the Secretary and the
                            Comptroller General of the United States for
                            examination or audit.
                        (H) Separate fund accounts.--The Board shall ensure
                    that any funds received under paragraph (11)(A) are
                    held in a separate account from any other funds
                    received by the Foundation.
                        (I) Integrity.--
                                (i) In general.--To ensure integrity in the
                            operations of the Foundation, the Board shall
                            develop and enforce procedures relating to
                            standards of conduct, financial disclosure
                            statements, conflicts of interest (including
                            recusal and waiver rules), audits, and any
                            other matters determined appropriate by the
                            Board.
                                (ii) Financial conflicts of interest.--To
                            mitigate conflicts of interest and risks from
                            malign foreign influence, any individual who is
                            an officer, employee, or member of the Board is
                            prohibited from any participation in
                            deliberations by the Foundation of a matter
                            that would directly or predictably affect any
                            financial interest of--
                                        (I) the individual;
                                        (II) a relative (as defined in
                                    section 109 of the Ethics in Government
                                    Act of 1978 (5 U.S.C. App.)) of that
                                    individual; or
                                        (III) a business organization or
                                    other entity in which the individual
                                    has an interest, including an
                                    organization or other entity with which
                                    the individual is negotiating
                                    employment.
                        (J) Intellectual property.--The Board shall adopt
                    written standards to govern the ownership and licensing
                    of any intellectual property rights developed by the
                    Foundation or derived from the collaborative efforts of
                    the Foundation.
                        (K) Liability.--
                                (i) In general.--The United States shall
                            not be liable for any debts, defaults, acts, or
                            omissions of--
                                        (I) the Foundation;
                                        (II) a Federal entity with respect
                                    to an agreement of that Federal entity
                                    with the Foundation; or
                                        (III) an Individual Laboratory-
                                    Associated Foundation with respect to
                                    an agreement of that Federal entity
                                    with the Foundation.
                                (ii) Full faith and credit.--The full faith
                            and credit of the United States shall not
                            extend to any obligations of the Foundation.
                        (L) Nonapplicability of faca.--The Federal Advisory
                    Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.) shall not apply to the
                    Foundation or an Individual Laboratory-Associated
                    Foundation.
                (6) Department collaboration.--
                        (A) National laboratories.--The Secretary shall
                    collaborate with the Foundation to develop a process to
                    ensure collaboration and coordination between the
                    Department, the Foundation, and National Laboratories--
                                (i) to streamline contracting processes
                            between National Laboratories and the
                            Foundation, including by--
                                        (I) streamlining the ability of the
                                    Foundation to transfer equipment and
                                    funds to National Laboratories;
                                        (II) standardizing contract
                                    mechanisms to be used by the Foundation
                                    in engaging with National Laboratories;
                                    and
                                        (III) streamlining the ability of
                                    the Foundation to fund endowed
                                    positions at National Laboratories;
                                (ii) to allow a National Laboratory or site
                            of a National Laboratory--
                                        (I) to accept and perform work for
                                    the Foundation, consistent with
                                    provided resources, notwithstanding any
                                    other provision of law governing the
                                    administration, mission, use, or
                                    operations of the National Laboratory
                                    or site, as applicable; and
                                        (II) to perform that work on a
                                    basis equal to other missions at the
                                    National Laboratory; and
                                (iii) to permit the director of any
                            National Laboratory or site of a National
                            Laboratory to enter into a cooperative research
                            and development agreement or negotiate a
                            licensing agreement with the Foundation
                            pursuant to section 12 of the Stevenson-Wydler
                            Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C.
                            3710a).
                        (B) Department liaisons.--The Secretary shall
                    appoint liaisons from across the Department to
                    collaborate and coordinate with the Foundation,
                    including not less than 1 liaison from the Office of
                    Technology Transitions, who shall ensure that the
                    Foundation works in conjunction with and does not
                    duplicate existing activities and programs carried out
                    by the Department, including the Technology
                    Commercialization Fund of the Department.
                        (C) Administration.--The Secretary shall leverage
                    appropriate arrangements, contracts, and directives to
                    carry out the process developed under subparagraph (A).
                (7) National security.--Nothing in this subsection exempts
            the Foundation from any national security policy of the
            Department.
                (8) Support services.--The Secretary may provide
            facilities, utilities, and support services to the Foundation
            if it is determined by the Secretary to be advantageous to the
            research programs of the Department.
                (9) Preemption of authority.--This subsection shall not
            preempt any authority or responsibility of the Secretary under
            any other provision of law.
                (10) Transfer funds.--The Foundation may transfer funds to
            the Department, which shall be subject to all applicable
            Federal limitations relating to federally funded research.
                (11) Authorization of appropriations.--
                        (A) In general.--There is authorized to be
                    appropriated--
                                (i) not less than $1,500,000 shall be for
                            the Secretary for fiscal year 2023 to establish
                            the Foundation;
                                (ii) not less than $30,000,000 shall be for
                            the Foundation for fiscal year 2024 to carry
                            out the activities of the Foundation; and
                                (iii) not less than $3,000,000 shall be for
                            the Foundation for each of the fiscal years
                            2025 through 2027 for administrative and
                            operational costs.
                        (B) Limitation.--None of the funds authorized to be
                    appropriated to the Secretary by subparagraph (A)(i) of
                    this paragraph shall be used for construction.
                        (C) Cost share.--Funds made available under
                    subparagraph (A)(ii) shall be required to be cost-
                    shared by a partner of the Foundation other than the
                    Department or a National Laboratory.
        (c) National Energy Technology Laboratory-associated Foundation.--
                (1) Establishment.--
                        (A) In general.--The National Energy Technology
                    Laboratory may establish, or enter into an agreement
                    with a nonprofit organization to establish, a Federal
                    Laboratory-Associated Foundation (referred to in this
                    subsection as a ``Laboratory Foundation'') to support
                    the mission of the National Energy Technology
                    Laboratory.
                        (B) Not agency or instrumentality.--A Laboratory
                    Foundation shall not be an agency or instrumentality of
                    the Federal Government.
                        (C) Governance structure.--A Laboratory Foundation
                    established under subparagraph (A) shall have a
                    separate governance structure from, and shall be
                    managed independently of, the National Energy
                    Technology Laboratory.
                (2) Activities.--Activities of a Laboratory Foundation may
            include--
                        (A) conducting support studies, competitions,
                    projects, research, and other activities that further
                    the purpose of the Laboratory Foundation;
                        (B) carrying out programs to foster collaboration
                    and partnership among researchers from the Federal
                    Government, State governments, institutions of higher
                    education, federally funded research and development
                    centers, and industry and nonprofit organizations
                    relating to the research, development, and
                    commercialization of federally supported technologies;
                        (C) carrying out programs to leverage technologies
                    to support new product development that supports
                    regional economic development;
                        (D) administering prize competitions--
                                (i) to accelerate private sector
                            competition and investment; and
                                (ii) that complement the use of prize
                            authority by the Department;
                        (E) providing fellowships and grants to research
                    and development personnel at, or affiliated with,
                    federally funded centers, in accordance with paragraph
                    (3);
                        (F) carrying out programs--
                                (i) that allow scientists from foreign
                            countries to serve in research capacities in
                            the United States or other countries in
                            association with the National Energy Technology
                            Laboratory;
                                (ii) that provide opportunities for
                            employees of the National Energy Technology
                            Laboratory to serve in research capacities in
                            foreign countries;
                                (iii) to conduct studies, projects, or
                            research in collaboration with national and
                            international nonprofit and for-profit
                            organizations, which may include the provision
                            of stipends, travel, and other support for
                            personnel;
                                (iv)(I) to hold forums, meetings,
                            conferences, courses, and training workshops
                            that may include undergraduate, graduate, post-
                            graduate, and post-doctoral accredited courses;
                            and
                                (II) for the accreditation of those courses
                            by the Laboratory Foundation at the State and
                            national level for college degrees or
                            continuing education credits;
                                (v) to support and encourage teachers and
                            students of science at all levels of education;
                                (vi) to promote an understanding of science
                            amongst the general public;
                                (vii) for writing, editing, printing,
                            publishing, and vending of relevant books and
                            other materials; and
                                (viii) for the conduct of other activities
                            to carry out and support the purpose of the
                            Laboratory Foundation; and
                        (G) receiving, administering, soliciting,
                    accepting, and using funds, gifts, devises, or
                    bequests, either absolutely or in trust of real or
                    personal property or any income therefrom, or other
                    interest or equity therein for the benefit of, or in
                    connection with, the mission of the applicable Federal
                    laboratory, in accordance with paragraph (4).
                (3) Fellowships and grants.--
                        (A) Selection.--Recipients of fellowships and
                    grants described in paragraph (2)(E) shall be
                    selected--
                                (i) by a Laboratory Foundation and the
                            donors to a Laboratory Foundation;
                                (ii) subject to the agreement of the head
                            of the agency the mission of which is supported
                            by a Laboratory Foundation; and
                                (iii) in the case of a fellowship, based on
                            the recommendation of the employees of the
                            National Energy Technology Laboratory at which
                            the fellow would serve.
                        (B) Expenses.--Fellowships and grants described in
                    paragraph (2)(E) may include stipends, travel, health
                    insurance, benefits, and other appropriate expenses.
                (4) Gifts.--An amount of funds, a gift, a devise, or a
            bequest described in paragraph (2)(G) may be accepted by a
            Laboratory Foundation regardless of whether it is encumbered,
            restricted, or subject to a beneficial interest of a private
            person if any current or future interest of the funds, gift,
            devise, or bequest is for the benefit of the research and
            development activities of the National Energy Technology
            Laboratory.
                (5) Ownership by federal government.--A contribution, gift,
            or any other transfer made to or for the use of a Laboratory
            Foundation shall be regarded as a contribution, gift, or
            transfer to or for the use of the Federal Government.
                (6) Liability.--The United States shall not be liable for
            any debts, defaults, acts, or omissions of a Laboratory
            Foundation.
                (7) Transfer of funds.--Notwithstanding any other provision
            of law, a Laboratory Foundation may transfer funds to the
            National Energy Technology Laboratory and the National Energy
            Technology Laboratory may accept that transfer of funds.
                (8) Other laws.--This subsection shall not alter or
            supersede any other provision of law governing the authority,
            scope, establishment, or use of nonprofit organizations by a
            Federal agency.

                   Subtitle J--Energizing Technology Transfer

    SEC. 10701. DEFINITIONS.

        In this subtitle:
                (1) Clean energy technology.--The term ``clean energy
            technology'' means a technology that significantly reduces
            energy use, increases energy efficiency, reduces greenhouse gas
            emissions, reduces emissions of other pollutants, or mitigates
            other negative environmental consequences of energy production,
            transmission or use.
                (2) Department.--The term ``Department'' means the
            Department of Energy.
                (3) Director.--The term ``Director'' means the Director of
            each National Laboratory and the Director of each Department of
            Energy single-purpose research facility.
                (4) Economically distressed area.--The term ``economically
            distressed area'' has the meaning described in section 301(a)
            of the Public Works and Economic Development Act of 1965 (42
            U.S.C. 3161(a)).
                (5) Grant.--The term ``grant'' means a grant award,
            cooperative agreement award, or any other financial assistance
            arrangement that the Secretary of Energy determines to be
            appropriate.
                (6) Institution of higher education.--The term
            ``institution of higher education'' has the meaning given such
            term in section 101 of the Higher Education Act of 1965, as
            amended (20 U.S.C. 1001).
                (7) National laboratory.--The term ``National Laboratory''
            has the meaning given that term in section 2 of the Energy
            Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 15801).
                (8) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary
            of Energy.

           PART 1--NATIONAL CLEAN ENERGY TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER PROGRAMS

    SEC. 10713. NATIONAL CLEAN ENERGY INCUBATOR PROGRAM.

        (a) Clean Energy Incubator Defined.--In this section, the term
    ``clean energy incubator''--
                (1) means any entity that is designed to accelerate the
            commercial application of clean energy technologies by
            providing--
                        (A) physical workspace, labs, and prototyping
                    facilities to support clean energy startups or
                    established clean energy companies; or
                        (B) companies developing such technologies with
                    support, resources, and services, including--
                                (i) access to business education and
                            counseling;
                                (ii) mentorship opportunities; and
                                (iii) other services rendered for the
                            purpose of aiding the development and
                            commercial application of a clean energy
                            technology; and
                (2) may include a program within or established by a
            National Laboratory, an institution of higher education or a
            State, territorial, local, or tribal government.
        (b) Program Establishment.--Not later than 180 days after the
    enactment of this Act, the Secretary, acting through the Chief
    Commercialization Officer established in section 1001(a) of the Energy
    Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16391(a)), shall establish a Clean Energy
    Incubator Program (herein referred to as the ``program'') to
    competitively award grants to clean energy incubators.
        (c) Clean Energy Incubator Selection.--In awarding grants to clean
    energy incubators under subsection (b), the Secretary shall, to the
    maximum extent practicable, prioritize funding clean energy incubators
    that--
                (1) partner with entities that carry out activities
            relevant to the activities of such incubator and that operate
            at the local, State, and regional levels;
                (2) support the commercial application activities of
            startup companies focused on physical hardware, computational,
            or integrated hardware and software technologies;
                (3) are located in geographically diverse regions of the
            United States, such as the Great Lakes region;
                (4) are located in, or partner with entities located in,
            economically-distressed areas;
                (5) support the development of entities focused on
            expanding clean energy tools and technologies to rural, Tribal,
            and low-income communities;
                (6) support the commercial application of technologies
            being developed by clean energy entrepreneurs from
            underrepresented backgrounds; and
                (7) have a plan for sustaining activities of the incubator
            after grant funds received under this program have been
            expended.
        (d) Award Limits.--The Secretary shall not award more than
    $4,000,000 to one or more incubators in one given State, per fiscal
    year.
        (e) Duration.--Each grant under subsection (b) shall be for a
    period of no longer than 5 years, subject to the availability of
    appropriations.
        (f) Use of Funds.--An entity receiving a grant under this section
    may use grant amounts for operating expenses.
        (g) Renewal.--An award made to a clean energy incubator under this
    section may be renewed for a period of not more than 3 years, subject
    to merit review.
        (h) Evaluation.--In accordance with section 9007 of division Z of
    the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 (Public Law 116-260), the
    Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and
    Technology of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Energy
    and Natural Resources of the Senate an evaluation of the program
    established under this section that includes analyses of the
    performance of the clean energy incubators.
        (i) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be
    appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this section $15,000,000 for
    each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027.

    SEC. 10714. CLEAN ENERGY TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY PRIZE COMPETITION.

        (a) Definitions.--In this section:
                (1) Eligible entity.--The term ``eligible entity'' means a
            nonprofit entity, an institution of higher education, or an
            entity working with one or more institutions of higher
            education.
                (2) Minority-serving institution.--The term ``minority-
            serving institution'' means an institution described in section
            371(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C.
            1067q(a)).
        (b) In General.--The Secretary shall establish a program, known as
    the ``Clean Energy Technology University Prize'', to award funding for
    eligible entities to carry out regional and one national clean energy
    technology prize competitions, under section 24 of the Stevenson-Wydler
    Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3719). In carrying out
    such prize competitions, students shall compete to develop a business
    model for furthering the commercial application of an innovative clean
    energy technology.
        (c) Training Funding.--In carrying out this program, the Secretary
    may provide funding to train participating students in skills needed
    for the successful commercial application of clean energy technologies,
    including through virtual training sessions.
        (d) Prioritization.--In awarding grants under this section, the
    Secretary shall prioritize awarding grants to eligible entities that
    work with students at minority-serving institutions.
        (e) Coordination.--In carrying out this program, the Secretary
    shall coordinate and partner with other clean energy technology prize
    competitions. In doing so, the Secretary may develop and disseminate
    best practices for administering prize competitions under this section.
        (f) Report.--In accordance with section 9007 of division Z of the
    Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 (Public Law 116-260), the
    Secretary shall report annually on the progress and implementation of
    the program established under section (b).
        (g) Evaluation.--In accordance with section 9007 of division Z of
    the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 (Public Law 116-260), the
    Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and
    Technology of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Energy
    and Natural Resources of the Senate an evaluation on the long-term
    outcomes of the program established under this section and the progress
    towards achieving the purposes of the program in subsection (b).
        (h) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be
    appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the activities authorized in
    this section $1,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027.

    SEC. 10715. CLEAN ENERGY TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER COORDINATION.

        (a) In General.--The Secretary, acting through the Chief
    Commercialization Officer established in section 1001 (a) of the Energy
    Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16391 (a)), shall support the
    coordination of relevant technology transfer programs that advance the
    commercial application of clean energy technologies nationally and
    across all energy sectors. In particular, the Secretary may support
    activities to--
                (1) facilitate the sharing of information on best practices
            for successful operation of clean energy technology transfer
            programs;
                (2) coordinate resources and improve cooperation among
            clean energy technology transfer programs;
                (3) facilitate connections between entrepreneurs and start-
            up companies and the variety of programs related to clean
            energy technology transfer under the Department; and
                (4) facilitate the development of metrics to measure the
            impact of clean energy technology transfer programs on--
                        (A) advancing the development, demonstration, and
                    commercial application of clean energy technologies;
                        (B) increasing the competitiveness of United States
                    in the clean energy sector, including in manufacturing;
                    and
                        (C) commercial application of clean energy
                    technologies being developed by entrepreneurs from
                    under-represented backgrounds.
        (b) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be
    appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the activities in this
    section $3,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027.

     PART 2--SUPPORTING TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT AT THE NATIONAL LABORATORIES

    SEC. 10716. LAB PARTNERING SERVICE PILOT PROGRAM.

         Section 9002 of division Z of the Consolidated Appropriations Act,
    2021 (Public Law 116-260) is amended by adding at the end the
    following:
        ``(h) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be
    appropriated to the Secretary $2,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023
    through 2025 to carry out subsections (a), (b), and (c), and $1,700,000
    for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2025 for National Laboratory
    employees to provide services under subsection (d).''.

    SEC. 10717. LAB-EMBEDDED ENTREPRENEURSHIP PROGRAM.

        (a) In General.--The Secretary shall competitively award grants to
    National Laboratories for the purpose of establishing or supporting
    Lab-Embedded Entrepreneurship Programs.
        (b) Purposes.--The purposes of such programs are to provide
    entrepreneurial fellows with access to National Laboratory research
    facilities, National Laboratory expertise, and mentorship to perform
    research and development and gain expertise that may be required or
    beneficial for the commercial application of research ideas.
        (c) Entrepreneurial Fellows.--An entrepreneurial fellow
    participating in a program described in subsection (a) shall be
    provided with--
                (1) opportunities for entrepreneurial training,
            professional development, and exposure to leaders from
            academia, industry, government, and finance who may serve as
            advisors to or partners of the fellow;
                (2) financial and technical support for research,
            development, and commercial application activities;
                (3) fellowship awards to cover costs of living, health
            insurance, and travel stipends for the duration of the
            fellowship; and
                (4) any other resources determined appropriate by the
            Secretary.
        (d) Program Activities.--Each National Laboratory that receives
    funding under this section shall support entrepreneurial fellows by
    providing--
                (1) access to facilities and expertise within the National
            Laboratory;
                (2) engagement with external stakeholders; and
                (3) market and customer development opportunities.
        (e) Administration.--National Laboratories that receive grants
    under this section shall prioritize the support and success of the
    entrepreneurial fellow with regards to professional development and
    development of a relevant technology.
        (f) Partnerships.--In carrying out a Lab-Embedded Entrepreneurship
    Program, a National Laboratory may partner with an external entity,
    including--
                (1) a nonprofit organization;
                (2) an institution of higher education;
                (3) a federally-owned corporation; or
                (4) a consortium of 2 or more entities described in
            paragraphs (1) through (3).
        (g) Metrics.--The Secretary shall support the development of short-
    term and long-term metrics to assess the effectiveness of programs
    receiving a grant under subsection (a) in achieving the purposes of the
    program in subsection (a).
        (h) Evaluation.--In accordance with section 9007 of division Z of
    the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 (Public Law 116-260), the
    Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and
    Technology of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Energy
    and Natural Resources of the Senate an evaluation of the effectiveness
    of the programs under subsection (a) based on the metrics developed
    pursuant to subsection (g).
        (i) Coordination.--The Secretary shall oversee the planning and
    coordination of grants under subsection (a) and shall identify and
    disseminate best practices for achieving the purposes of subsection (a)
    to National Laboratories that receive grants under this section.
        (j) Interagency Collaboration.--The Secretary shall collaborate
    with other executive branch agencies, including the Department of
    Defense and other agencies with Federal laboratories, regarding
    opportunities to partner with National Laboratories receiving a grant
    under subsection (a).
        (k) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be
    appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the activities authorized in
    this section $25,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027.

    SEC. 10718. SMALL BUSINESS VOUCHER PROGRAM.

        Section 1003 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16393) is
    amended--
                (1) in subsection (a)--
                        (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by
                    striking ``, and may require the Director of a single-
                    purpose research facility,'' and inserting ``(as
                    defined in section 2) and the Director of each single-
                    purpose research facility'';
                        (B) in paragraph (1)--
                                (i) by striking ``increase'' and inserting
                            ``encourage''; and
                                (ii) by striking ``collaborative
                            research,'' and inserting ``research,
                            development, demonstration, and commercial
                            application activities, including product
                            development,'';
                        (C) in paragraph (2), by striking ``procurement and
                    collaborative research'' and inserting ``the activities
                    described in paragraph (1)'';
                        (D) in paragraph (3)--
                                (i) by inserting ``facilities,'' before
                            ``training''; and
                                (ii) by striking ``procurement and
                            collaborative research activities'' and
                            inserting ``the activities described in
                            paragraph (1)''; and
                        (E) in paragraph (5), by striking ``for the program
                    under subsection (b)'' and inserting ``and metrics for
                    the programs under subsections (b) and (c)'';
                (2) by redesignating subsections (c) and (d) as subsections
            (d) and (e), respectively;
                (3) by inserting after subsection (b) the following:
        ``(c) Small Business Voucher Program.--
                ``(1) Definitions.--In this subsection:
                        ``(A) Director.--The term `Director' means--
                                ``(i) the Director of each National
                            Laboratory; and
                                ``(ii) the Director of each single-purpose
                            research facility.
                        ``(B) National laboratory.--The term `National
                    Laboratory' has the meaning given the term in section
                    2.
                        ``(C) Program.--The term `program' means the
                    program established under paragraph (2).
                        ``(D) Small business concern.--The term `small
                    business concern' has the meaning given such term in
                    section 3 of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 632).
                ``(2) Establishment.--The Secretary, acting through the
            Chief Commercialization Officer appointed under section
            1001(a), and in consultation with the Directors, shall
            establish a program to provide small business concerns with
            vouchers under paragraph (3)--
                        ``(A) to achieve the goal described in subsection
                    (a)(1); and
                        ``(B) to improve the products, services, and
                    capabilities of small business concerns in the mission
                    space of the Department.
                ``(3) Vouchers.--Under the program, the Directors are
            authorized to provide to small business concerns vouchers to be
            used at National Laboratories and single-purpose research
            facilities for--
                        ``(A) research, development, demonstration,
                    technology transfer, skills training and workforce
                    development, or commercial application activities; or
                        ``(B) any other activities that the applicable
                    Director determines appropriate.
                ``(4) Expedited approval.--The Secretary, working with the
            Directors, shall establish a stream-lined approval process for
            financial assistance agreements signed between--
                        ``(A) small business concerns selected to receive a
                    voucher under the program; and
                        ``(B) the National Laboratories and single-purpose
                    research facilities.
                ``(5) Cost-sharing requirement.--In carrying out the
            program, the Secretary shall require cost-sharing in accordance
            with section 988.
                ``(6) Report.--In accordance with section 9007 of division
            Z of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 (Public Law 116-
            260), the Secretary shall report annually on the progress and
            implementation of the small business voucher program
            established under this section, including the number and
            locations of small businesses that received grants under this
            program.''; and
                (4) in subsection (e) (as so redesignated), by striking
            ``for activities under this section'' and inserting ``for
            activities under subsection (b)'' and inserting before the
            period at the end ``and for activities under subsection (c)
            $25,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027''.

    SEC. 10719. ENTREPRENEURIAL LEAVE PROGRAM.

        (a) In General.--The Secretary shall delegate to Directors the
    authority to carry out an entrepreneurial leave program (referred to in
    this section as the ``program'') to allow National Laboratory employees
    to take a full leave of absence from their position, with the option to
    return to that or a comparable position up to 3 years later, or a
    partial leave of absence, to advance the commercial application of
    energy and related technologies relevant to the mission of the
    Department.
        (b) Termination Authority.--Directors shall retain the authority to
    terminate National Laboratory employees that participate in the program
    if such employees are found to violate terms prescribed by the National
    Laboratory at which such employee is employed.
        (c) Licensing.--To reduce barriers to participation in the program,
    the Secretary shall delegate to the Directors the requirement to
    establish streamlined mechanisms for facilitating the licensing of
    technology that is the focus of National Laboratory employees who
    participate in the program.
        (d) Report.--In accordance with section 9007 of division Z of the
    Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 (Public Law 116-260), the
    Secretary shall report annually on the utilization of this authority at
    National Laboratories, including the number of employees who
    participate in this program at each National Laboratory and the number
    of employees who take a permanent leave from their positions at
    National Laboratories as a result of participating in this program.
        (e) Federal Ethics.--Nothing in this section shall affect existing
    Federal ethics rules applicable to Federal personnel.

    SEC. 10720. NATIONAL LABORATORY NON-FEDERAL EMPLOYEE OUTSIDE EMPLOYMENT
                  AUTHORITY.

        (a) In General.--The Secretary shall delegate to Directors of
    National Laboratories the authority to allow their non-Federal
    employees--
                (1) to engage in outside employment, including start-up
            companies based on licensing technologies developed at National
            Laboratories and consulting in their areas of expertise, and
            receive compensation from such entities; and
                (2) to engage in outside activities related to their areas
            of expertise at the National Laboratory and may allow
            employees, in their employment capacity at such outside
            employment, to access the National Laboratories under the same
            contracting mechanisms as non-Laboratory employees and
            entities, in accordance with appropriate conflict of interest
            protocols.
        (b) Requirements.--If a Director elects to use the authority
    granted by subsection (a) of this section, the Director, or their
    designee, shall--
                (1) require employees to disclose to and obtain approval
            from the Director or their designee prior to engaging in any
            outside employment;
                (2) develop and require appropriate conflict of interest
            protocols for employees that engage in outside employment;
                (3) maintain the authority to terminate employees engaging
            in outside employment if they are found to violate terms,
            including conflict of interest protocols, mandated by the
            Director; and
                (4) ensure that any such programs or activities are in
            conformance with the Department's research security policies,
            including DOE Order 486.1.
        (c) Additional Restrictions.--Employees engaging in outside
    employment may not--
                (1) allow such activities to interfere with or impede their
            duties at the National Laboratory;
                (2) engage in activities related to outside employment
            using National Laboratory government equipment, property, or
            resources, unless such activities are performed under National
            Laboratory contracting mechanisms, such as Cooperative Research
            and Development Agreements or Strategic Partnership Projects,
            whereby all conflicts of interest requirements apply; or
                (3) use their position at a National Laboratory to provide
            an unfair competitive advantage to an outside employer or
            start-up activity.
        (d) Federal Ethics.--Nothing in this section shall affect existing
    Federal ethics rules applicable to Federal personnel.

                   PART 3--DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY MODERNIZATION

    SEC. 10722. OFFICE OF TECHNOLOGY TRANSITIONS.

        Section 1001(a) of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16391)
    is amended by adding at the end the following:
                ``(6) Hiring and management.--To carry out the program
            authorized in this section, the Under Secretary for Science may
            appoint personnel using the authorities in section 10726 of the
            Research and Development, Competition, and Innovation Act.
                ``(7) Authorization of appropriations.--There are
            authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the
            activities authorized in this section $20,000,000 for each of
            fiscal years 2023 through 2027.''.

    SEC. 10723. MANAGEMENT OF DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY DEMONSTRATION PROJECTS.

        Section 41201 of the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (42
    U.S.C. 18861) is amended--
                (1) in subsection (b), by inserting ``including the Office
            of Technology Transitions, the Loan Program Office, and all
            applied program offices,'' after ``Department,'';
                (2) in subsection (d), by inserting ``, including by using
            the authorities in section 10726 of the Research and
            Development, Competition, and Innovation Act,'' after
            ``personnel'';
                (3) by redesignating subsections (e), (f), and (g) as
            subsections (g), (h), and (i), respectively;
                (4) by adding after subsection (d) the following:
        ``(e) Additional Authority.--The Secretary may solicit, select, and
    manage covered projects directly through the program.
        ``(f) Project Termination.--Should an ongoing covered project
    receive an unfavorable review under subsection (c)(5), the Secretary or
    their designee may cease funding the covered project and reallocate the
    remaining funds to new or existing covered projects carried out by that
    program office.''; and
                (5) in subsection (h)(1) (as so redesignated), by striking
            ``The Secretary'' and inserting ``In accordance with section
            9007 of division Z of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021
            (Public Law 116-260), the Secretary''.

    SEC. 10724. STREAMLINING PRIZE COMPETITIONS.

        (a) Reporting.--Section 1008 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42
    U.S.C. 16396) is amended by adding at the end the following:
        ``(h) Report.--In accordance with section 9007 of division Z of the
    Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 (Public Law 116-260), the
    Secretary shall report annually on a description of any prize
    competitions carried out using the authority under this section, the
    total amount of prizes awarded along with any private sector
    contributions, the methods used for solicitation and evaluation, and a
    description of how each prize competition advanced the mission of the
    Department.''.
        (b) Technical Amendment.--Section 1008 of the Energy Policy Act of
    2005 (42 U.S.C. 16396) is amended by redesignating the second
    subsection (e) (relating to authorization of appropriations) as
    subsection (f).

    SEC. 10725. COST-SHARE WAIVER EXTENSION.

        (a) In General.--Section 988 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42
    U.S.C. 16352) is amended in subsection (b)(4)(B) by striking ``this
    paragraph'' and inserting ``the Research and Development, Competition,
    and Innovation Act''.
        (b) Report.--Section 108(b) of the Department of Energy Research
    and Innovation Act is amended in subsection (b) by striking ``this
    Act'' each place it appears and inserting ``the Research and
    Development, Competition, and Innovation Act''.

    SEC. 10726. SPECIAL HIRING AUTHORITY FOR SCIENTIFIC, ENGINEERING, AND
                  PROJECT MANAGEMENT PERSONNEL.

        (a) In General.--The Under Secretary for Science shall have the
    authority to--
                (1) make appointments of not more than 60 scientific,
            engineering, and professional personnel, without regard to
            civil service laws, to assist the Department in meeting
            specific project or research needs;
                (2) fix the basic pay of any employee appointed under this
            section at a rate to be determined by the Under Secretary at
            rates not in excess of Level II of the Executive Schedule (EX-
            II) under section 5311 of title 5, United States Code without
            regard to the civil service laws; and
                (3) pay any employee appointed under this section payments
            in addition to basic pay, except that the total amount of
            additional payments paid to an employee under this subsection
            for any 12-month period shall not exceed the lesser of the
            following amounts:
                        (A) $25,000.
                        (B) The amount equal to 25 percent of the annual
                    rate of basic pay of that employee.
                        (C) The amount of the limitation that is applicable
                    for a calendar year under section 5307(a)(1) of title
                    5, United States Code.
        (b) Term.--
                (1) In general.--The term of any employee appointed under
            this section shall not exceed 3 years unless otherwise
            authorized in law.
                (2) Termination.--The Under Secretary for Science shall
            have the authority to terminate any employee appointed under
            this section at any time based on performance or changing
            project or research needs of the Department.

    SEC. 10727. TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER REPORTS AND EVALUATION.

        Section 9007 of division Z of the Consolidated Appropriations Act,
    2021 (Public Law 116-260) is amended as follows:
        ``(a) Annual Report.--As part of the updated technology transfer
    execution plan required each year under section 1001(h)(2) of the
    Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16391(h)(2)), the Secretary of
    Energy (in this section referred to as the `Secretary') shall submit to
    the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of
    Representatives and the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of
    the Senate a report on the progress and implementation of programs
    established under sections 9001, 9002, 9003, 9004, and 9005 of this Act
    and under sections 10714, 10718, 10719, 10720, and 10723 of the
    Research and Development, Competition, and Innovation Act.
        ``(b) Evaluation.--Not later than 3 years after the enactment of
    this Act and every 3 years thereafter the Secretary shall submit to the
    Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of
    Representatives and the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of
    the Senate an evaluation on the extent to which programs established
    under sections 9001, 9002, 9003, 9004, and 9005 of this Act and
    sections 10713, 10714, 10715, and 10717 of the Research and
    Development, Competition, and Innovation Act are achieving success
    based on relevant short-term and long-term metrics.''.

                             Subtitle K--Micro Act

    SEC. 10731. MICROELECTRONICS RESEARCH FOR ENERGY INNOVATION.

        (a) Definitions.--In this section:
                (1) Center.--The term ``Center'' means a Microelectronics
            Science Research Center established pursuant to subsection (d).
                (2) Department.--The term ``Department'' means the
            Department of Energy.
                (3) Director.--The term ``Director'' means the Director of
            the Office of Science.
                (4) Historically black college or university.--The term
            ``historically Black college or university'' has the meaning
            given the term ``part B institution'' in section 322 of the
            Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1061).
                (5) Institution of higher education.--The term
            ``institution of higher education'' has the meaning given the
            term in section 101(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20
            U.S.C. 1001(a)).
                (6) Microelectronics.--The term ``microelectronics''
            means--
                        (A) a semiconductor and related materials;
                        (B) processing chemistries;
                        (C) design technologies;
                        (D) fabrication technologies;
                        (E) lithography technologies;
                        (F) packaging technologies;
                        (G) a sensor;
                        (H) a device;
                        (I) an integrated circuit;
                        (J) a processor;
                        (K) computing architecture;
                        (L) modeling and simulation;
                        (M) a software tool; and
                        (N) any other related technology.
                (7) Minority-serving institution.--The term ``minority-
            serving institution'' means--
                        (A) a Hispanic-serving institution (as defined in
                    section 502(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20
                    U.S.C. 1101a(a)));
                        (B) an Alaska Native-serving institution (as
                    defined in section 317(b) of the Higher Education Act
                    of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1059d(b)));
                        (C) a Native Hawaiian-serving institution (as
                    defined in that section);
                        (D) a Predominantly Black Institution (as defined
                    in section 371(c) of the Higher Education Act of 1965
                    (20 U.S.C. 1067q(c)));
                        (E) an Asian American and Native American Pacific
                    Islander-serving institution (as defined in that
                    section); and
                        (F) a Native American-serving nontribal institution
                    (as defined in that section).
                (8) National laboratory.--The term ``National Laboratory''
            has the meaning given the term in section 2 of the Energy
            Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 15801).
                (9) Program.--The term ``program'' means the program
            established under subsection (c)(1).
                (10) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary
            of Energy.
                (11) Skilled technical workforce.--The term ``skilled
            technical workforce'' has the meaning given the term in section
            4(b)(3) of the Innovations in Mentoring, Training, and
            Apprenticeships Act (42 U.S.C. 1862p note; Public Law 115-402).
                (12) Tribal college or university.--The term ``Tribal
            College or University'' has the meaning given the term in
            section 316 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C.
            1059c).
                (13) Work-based learning.--The term ``work-based learning''
            has the meaning given the term in section 3 of the Carl D.
            Perkins Career and Technical Education Act of 2006 (20 U.S.C.
            2302).
        (b) Findings.--Congress finds that--
                (1) the coming end of Moore's Law presents major
            technological challenges and opportunities for the United
            States and has important implications for national security,
            economic competitiveness, and scientific discovery;
                (2) future progress and innovation in microelectronics, and
            the maintenance of a robust domestic microelectronics supply
            chain, will require an approach that advances relevant
            materials science, electronic and photonic device technologies,
            processing and packaging technologies, manufacturing
            technologies, circuit, chip, and system architecture, and
            software system and algorithm development in a codesign
            fashion;
                (3) the National Laboratories possess unique technical
            expertise and user facilities that are essential to--
                        (A) overcoming foundational research challenges
                    relevant to the topics described in paragraph (2); and
                        (B) translating and transferring research outcomes
                    to industry; and
                (4) the expertise and user facilities of the National
            Laboratories described in paragraph (3) will enable the
            Department to drive advances in microelectronics that are
            essential to meeting future needs in areas critical to the
            missions of the Department and the future competitiveness of
            the domestic microelectronics industry, including high-
            performance computing, emerging data-centric computing
            approaches and energy-efficient computing, optical sensors,
            sources, and wireless networks, and power electronics and
            electricity delivery systems.
        (c) Microelectronics Research Program.--
                (1) In general.--The Secretary shall carry out a
            crosscutting program of research, development, and
            demonstration of microelectronics relevant to the missions of
            the Department to enable advances and breakthroughs that will--
                        (A) accelerate underlying research and development
                    for design, development, and manufacturability of next-
                    generation microelectronics; and
                        (B) ensure the global competitiveness of the United
                    States in the field of microelectronics.
                (2) Research projects.--
                        (A) In general.--In carrying out the program, the
                    Secretary shall provide financial assistance to
                    eligible entities described in subparagraph (B) to
                    carry out research projects in--
                                (i) foundational science areas, including--
                                        (I) materials sciences, chemical
                                    sciences, and plasma science synthesis
                                    and fabrication;
                                        (II) novel microelectronics
                                    devices, including emerging memory and
                                    storage technologies;
                                        (III) diverse computing
                                    architectures and paradigms, including
                                    analog computing and edge computing;
                                        (IV) data-driven modeling and
                                    simulation;
                                        (V) integrated sensing, power
                                    harvesting, and communications;
                                        (VI) component integration and
                                    subsystems;
                                        (VII) photonic integration and
                                    packaging; and
                                        (VIII) development of codesign
                                    frameworks for all stages of
                                    microelectronics design, development,
                                    fabrication, and application;
                                (ii) cybersecurity by design to result in
                            trusted and resilient microelectronics;
                                (iii) methods for leveraging advanced
                            simulation and artificial intelligence to
                            enhance codesign and discovery in
                            microelectronics;
                                (iv) in consultation with the National
                            Institute of Standards and Technology,
                            fabrication and processing science and
                            metrology associated with microelectronics
                            manufacturing, including lithography,
                            patterning, surface deposition, etching, and
                            cleaning;
                                (v) approaches for optimizing system-level
                            energy efficiency of advanced computing
                            systems, the electrical grid, power
                            electronics, and other energy infrastructure;
                                (vi) approaches for enhancing the
                            durability and lifetime of radiation-hardened
                            electronics;
                                (vii) enhancement of microelectronics
                            security, including the development of
                            integrated devices, packages, and thermal
                            management for severe environments and national
                            security;
                                (viii) in coordination with other relevant
                            initiatives of the Department, methods to
                            improve the lifetime, maintenance, recycling,
                            reuse, and sustainability of microelectronics
                            components and systems, including technologies
                            and strategies that reduce the use of energy,
                            water, critical materials, and other
                            commodities that the Secretary determines are
                            vulnerable to disruption; and
                                (ix) methods and techniques for domestic
                            processing of materials for microelectronics
                            and components of microelectronics.
                        (B) Eligible entities.--An eligible entity referred
                    to in subparagraph (A) is--
                                (i) an institution of higher education,
                            including a historically Black college or
                            university, a Tribal College or University, and
                            a minority-serving institution;
                                (ii) a nonprofit research organization;
                                (iii) a State research agency;
                                (iv) a National Laboratory;
                                (v) a private commercial entity;
                                (vi) a partnership or consortium of 2 or
                            more entities described in clauses (i) through
                            (v); and
                                (vii) any other entity that the Secretary
                            determines appropriate.
                        (C) Notification.--Not later than 30 days after the
                    Secretary provides financial assistance to an eligible
                    entity under subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall
                    submit to the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources
                    of the Senate and the Committee on Science, Space, and
                    Technology of the House of Representatives a
                    notification of the financial assistance provided,
                    including--
                                (i) the criteria used by the Secretary to
                            select the eligible entity receiving the
                            financial assistance;
                                (ii) the manner in which the criteria
                            described in clause (i) comport with the
                            purposes of the program described in paragraph
                            (1); and
                                (iii) a description of the research project
                            that the eligible entity will carry out using
                            the financial assistance.
                (3) Technology transfer.--In carrying out the program, the
            Secretary, in coordination with the Director of the Office of
            Technology Transitions and in consultation with the private
            sector, shall--
                        (A) support translational research and transfer of
                    microelectronics technologies; and
                        (B) identify emerging research and development
                    needs of industry and government for the benefit of
                    United States economic competitiveness.
                (4) Workforce development.--In carrying out the program,
            the Secretary shall support--
                        (A) workforce development through existing
                    authorities and mechanisms available to the Department,
                    including internships, fellowships, individual
                    investigator grants, and other activities the Secretary
                    determines appropriate; and
                        (B) in consultation with the National Science
                    Foundation, as appropriate, education and outreach
                    activities--
                                (i) to disseminate information and promote
                            understanding of microelectronics and related
                            fields among students at elementary school,
                            secondary school, high school, undergraduate,
                            and graduate levels; and
                                (ii) that may include educational
                            programming with an emphasis on experiential
                            and project-based learning.
                (5) Outreach.--The Secretary shall conduct outreach to
            recruit applicants to the program and engage participants from
            all regions of the United States, especially individuals from
            underserved communities and groups historically
            underrepresented in science, technology, engineering, and
            mathematics.
                (6) Coordination.--In carrying out the program, the
            Secretary shall--
                        (A) coordinate across all relevant programs and
                    offices of the Department; and
                        (B) coordinate the research carried out under the
                    program relating to microelectronics with activities
                    carried out by other Federal agencies and programs
                    relating to microelectronics research, development,
                    manufacturing, and supply chain security, including the
                    programs authorized under subsections (c) through (f)
                    of section 9906 of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry
                    National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021
                    (15 U.S.C. 4656).
                (7) Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date of
            enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to the
            Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate and the
            Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of
            Representatives a report describing the goals, priorities, and
            anticipated outcomes of the program.
                (8) Funding.--There are authorized to be appropriated to
            the Secretary to carry out this subsection--
                        (A) $75,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                        (B) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                        (C) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
                        (D) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
                        (E) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.
        (d) Microelectronics Science Research Centers.--
                (1) In general.--In carrying out the program, subject to
            the availability of appropriations, the Director shall
            establish not more than 4 Microelectronics Science Research
            Centers, each comprising 1 or more eligible entities--
                        (A) to conduct mission-driven research to address
                    foundational challenges in the design, development,
                    characterization, prototyping, demonstration, and
                    fabrication of microelectronics; and
                        (B) to facilitate the translation of research
                    results to industry.
                (2) Eligible entities.--An eligible entity referred to in
            paragraph (1) is--
                        (A) a National Laboratory;
                        (B) an institution of higher education, including a
                    historically Black college or university, a Tribal
                    College or University, and a minority-serving
                    institution;
                        (C) a private commercial entity;
                        (D) a research center;
                        (E) a partnership or consortium of 2 or more
                    entities described in subparagraphs (A) through (D);
                    and
                        (F) any other entity that the Secretary determines
                    appropriate.
                (3) Activities.--The activities of a Center shall include
            research, development, and demonstration activities for--
                        (A) accelerating the development of new
                    microelectronics science and technology, including
                    materials, devices, circuits, systems, architectures,
                    fabrication tools, processes, diagnostics, modeling,
                    synthesis, and, in consultation with the National
                    Institute of Standards and Technology, metrology;
                        (B) advancing the sustainability and energy
                    efficiency of new microelectronics devices, packages,
                    and systems;
                        (C) application-driven codesign and prototyping of
                    novel devices to facilitate laboratory-to-fabrication
                    transition;
                        (D) advancing knowledge and experimental
                    capabilities in surface and materials science, plasma
                    science, and computational and theoretical methods,
                    including artificial intelligence, multiscale codesign,
                    and advanced supercomputing capabilities to invent and
                    manufacture revolutionary microelectronic devices;
                        (E) creating technology testbeds for prototyping
                    platforms for validation and verification of new
                    capabilities and sharing of ideas, intellectual
                    property, and the unique facilities of the Department;
                        (F) supporting development of cybersecurity
                    capabilities for computing architectures that
                    measurably improve safety and security and are
                    adaptable for existing and future applications; and
                        (G) supporting long-term and short-term workforce
                    development in microelectronics.
                (4) Request for proposals; merit review.--
                        (A) In general.--The Director shall, at such time,
                    in such manner, and containing such information as the
                    Director determines to be appropriate, issue a request
                    for proposals from eligible entities described in
                    paragraph (2) seeking to be designated as a Center.
                        (B) Competitive merit review.--The Director shall
                    select eligible entities under subparagraph (A) through
                    a competitive, merit-based process.
                (5) Operation.--
                        (A) Duration.--
                                (i) In general.--Each Center shall operate
                            for a period of not more than 5 years, unless
                            renewed for an additional 5-year period in
                            accordance with clause (ii).
                                (ii) Renewal.--
                                        (I) Initial renewal.--In the case
                                    of a Center that has operated for not
                                    more than 5 years, the Director may
                                    renew support for the Center on a
                                    merit-reviewed basis for a period of
                                    not more than 5 years.
                                        (II) 10-year operation.--In the
                                    case of a Center that has operated for
                                    not less than 5 years but not more than
                                    10 years, the Director may renew
                                    support for the Center on a
                                    competitive, merit-reviewed basis for a
                                    period of not more than 5 years.
                                        (III) 15-year operation.--In the
                                    case of a Center that has operated for
                                    not less than 10 years but not more
                                    than 15 years, the Director may renew
                                    support for the Center on a merit-
                                    reviewed basis for a period of not more
                                    than 5 years.
                        (B) Termination.--Consistent with the existing
                    authorities of the Department, the Director may
                    terminate an underperforming Center during the
                    performance period.
                (6) Technology transfer.--The Director, in coordination
            with the Director of the Office of Technology Transitions,
            shall seek to enter into partnerships with industry groups to
            facilitate the translation and transfer of research results
            produced by the Centers.
                (7) Coordination.--The Secretary shall--
                        (A) establish a coordinating network to coordinate
                    cross-cutting research and foster communication and
                    collaboration among the Centers; and
                        (B) ensure coordination, and avoid unnecessary
                    duplication, of the activities of each Center with the
                    activities of--
                                (i) other research entities of the
                            Department, including--
                                        (I) the Nanoscale Science Research
                                    Centers;
                                        (II) the National Quantum
                                    Information Science Research Centers;
                                        (III) the Energy Frontier Research
                                    Centers;
                                        (IV) the Energy Innovation Hubs;
                                        (V) the National Laboratories; and
                                        (VI) other offices of the
                                    Department;
                                (ii) the National Semiconductor Technology
                            Center established under section 9906(c)(1) of
                            the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National
                            Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021
                            (15 U.S.C. 4656(c)(1));
                                (iii) institutions of higher education;
                                (iv) industry; and
                                (v) relevant research activities carried
                            out by other Federal agencies.
                (8) Workforce development.--Each Center shall support
            workforce development through--
                        (A) incorporation of undergraduate students,
                    postdoctoral fellows, graduate students, and early
                    career researchers, as well as elementary school,
                    secondary school, and high school students, through
                    opportunities such as dual-enrollment programs and
                    work-based learning programs, as applicable;
                        (B) hands-on research and equipment training
                    programs;
                        (C) technical training and certificate programs for
                    the skilled technical workforce;
                        (D) facilitation of engagement among academic,
                    industry, and laboratory researchers; and
                        (E) public outreach activities, including to
                    students at elementary school, secondary school, high
                    school, undergraduate, and graduate levels, which may
                    include educational programming with an emphasis on
                    experiential and project-based learning.
                (9) Outreach.--The Director shall support the workforce
            development of Centers under paragraph (8) by conducting
            outreach to recruit applicants and engage participants from all
            regions of the United States, especially individuals from
            underserved communities and groups historically
            underrepresented in science, technology, engineering, and
            mathematics.
                (10) Intellectual property.--The Secretary shall ensure
            that the intellectual property and value proposition created by
            the Centers are retained within the United States.
                (11) Notification.--
                        (A) Definition of covered determination.--In this
                    paragraph, the term ``covered determination'' means a
                    determination of the Secretary--
                                (i) to establish a Center under paragraph
                            (1);
                                (ii) to renew support for a Center under
                            paragraph (5)(A)(ii); or
                                (iii) to terminate a Center under paragraph
                            (5)(B).
                        (B) Notification.--Not later than 30 days after the
                    Secretary makes a covered determination, the Secretary
                    shall submit to the Committee on Energy and Natural
                    Resources of the Senate and the Committee on Science,
                    Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives a
                    notification of the covered determination, including--
                                (i) the criteria used by the Secretary to
                            make the covered determination; and
                                (ii) the manner in which the criteria
                            described in clause (i) comport with the
                            purposes of the program described in paragraph
                            (1).
                (12) Funding.--Subject to the availability of
            appropriations, the Secretary shall use not more than
            $25,000,000 to fund each Center for each of fiscal years 2023
            through 2027.

        Subtitle L--National Nuclear University Research Infrastructure
                                  Reinvestment

    SEC. 10741. SHORT TITLE.

         This subtitle may be cited as the ``National Nuclear University
    Research Infrastructure Reinvestment Act of 2021''.

    SEC. 10742. PURPOSES.

        The purposes of this subtitle are--
                (1) to upgrade the nuclear research capabilities of
            universities in the United States to meet the research
            requirements of advanced nuclear energy systems;
                (2) to ensure the continued operation of university
            research reactors;
                (3) to coordinate available resources to enable the
            establishment, including the start and efficient completion of
            construction, of new nuclear science and engineering
            facilities; and
                (4) to support--
                        (A) workforce development critical to maintaining
                    United States leadership in nuclear science and
                    engineering and related disciplines; and
                        (B) the establishment or enhancement of nuclear
                    science and engineering capabilities and other, related
                    capabilities at historically Black colleges and
                    universities, Tribal colleges or universities,
                    minority-serving institutions, EPSCoR universities,
                    junior or community colleges, and associate-degree-
                    granting colleges.

    SEC. 10743. UNIVERSITY INFRASTRUCTURE COLLABORATION.

        Section 954(a) of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C.
    16274(a)) is amended--
                (1) in paragraph (2) by amending subparagraph (D) to read
            as follows:
                        ``(D) promote collaborations, partnerships, and
                    knowledge sharing between institutions of higher
                    education, National Laboratories, other Federal
                    agencies, industry, and associated labor unions; and''.
                (2) by amending paragraph (4) to read as follow:
                ``(4) Strengthening university research and training
            reactors and associated infrastructure.--
                        ``(A) In general.--In carrying out the program
                    under this subsection, the Secretary may support--
                                ``(i) converting research reactors from
                            high-enrichment fuels to low-enrichment fuels
                            and upgrading operational instrumentation;
                                ``(ii) revitalizing and upgrading existing
                            nuclear science and engineering infrastructure
                            that support the development of advanced
                            nuclear technologies and applications;
                                ``(iii) regional or subregional university-
                            led consortia to--
                                        ``(I) broaden access to university
                                    research reactors;
                                        ``(II) enhance existing university-
                                    based nuclear science and engineering
                                    infrastructure; and
                                        ``(III) provide project management,
                                    technical support, quality engineering
                                    and inspections, manufacturing, and
                                    nuclear material support;
                                ``(iv) student training programs, in
                            collaboration with the United States nuclear
                            industry, in relicensing and upgrading
                            reactors, including through the provision of
                            technical assistance; and
                                ``(v) reactor improvements that emphasize
                            research, training, and education, including
                            through the Innovations in Nuclear
                            Infrastructure and Education Program or any
                            similar program.
                        ``(B) Of any amounts appropriated to carry out the
                    program under this subsection, there is authorized to
                    be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out clauses
                    (ii) and (iii) of subparagraph (A) $55,000,000 for each
                    of fiscal years 2023 through 2027.''.

    SEC. 10744. ADVANCED NUCLEAR RESEARCH INFRASTRUCTURE ENHANCEMENT
                  SUBPROGRAM.

        Section 954(a) of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C.
    16274(a)), as amended by section 3, is further amended--
                (1) by redesignating paragraphs (5) through (8) as
            paragraphs (6) through (9), respectively;
                (2) by inserting after paragraph (4) the following:
                ``(5) Advanced nuclear research infrastructure
            enhancement.--
                        ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall carry out a
                    subprogram to be known as the Advanced Nuclear Research
                    Infrastructure Enhancement Subprogram in order to--
                                ``(i) demonstrate various advanced nuclear
                            reactor and nuclear microreactor concepts;
                                ``(ii) establish medical isotope production
                            reactors or other specialized applications; and
                                ``(iii) advance other research
                            infrastructure that, in the determination of
                            the Secretary, is consistent with the mission
                            of the Department.
                        ``(B) New nuclear science and engineering
                    facilities.--In carrying out the subprogram, the
                    Secretary shall establish--
                                ``(i) not more than 4 new research
                            reactors; and
                                ``(ii) new nuclear science and engineering
                            facilities, as required to address research
                            demand and identified infrastructure gaps.
                        ``(C) Locations.--New research reactors and
                    facilities established under subparagraph (B) shall be
                    established in a manner that--
                                ``(i) supports the regional or subregional
                            consortia described in paragraph (4)(C); and
                                ``(ii) encourages the participation of--
                                        ``(I) historically Black colleges
                                    and universities;
                                        ``(II) Tribal colleges or
                                    universities;
                                        ``(III) minority-serving
                                    institutions;
                                        ``(IV) EPSCoR universities; and
                                        ``(V) junior or community colleges.
                        ``(D) Fuel requirements.--New research reactors
                    established under subparagraph (B) shall not use high-
                    enriched uranium, as defined in section 2001 of
                    division Z of the Consolidated Appropriations Act of
                    2021.
                        ``(E) Authorization of appropriations.--Of any
                    amounts appropriated to carry out the program under
                    this section, there are authorized to be appropriated
                    to the Secretary to carry out the subprogram under this
                    paragraph--
                                ``(i) $45,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                                ``(ii) $60,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                                ``(iii) $65,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
                                ``(iv) $80,000,000 for fiscal year 2026;
                            and
                                ``(v) $140,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.'';
                            and
                (3) by amending paragraph (9), as redesignated by paragraph
            (1) of this section, to read as follows:
                ``(9) Definitions.--In this subsection:
                        ``(A) Junior faculty.--The term `junior faculty'
                    means a faculty member who was awarded a doctorate less
                    than 10 years before receipt of an award from the grant
                    program described in paragraph (2)(B).
                        ``(B) Junior or community college.--The term
                    `junior or community college' means--
                                ``(i) a public institution of high
                            education, including additional locations, at
                            which the highest awarded degree, or the
                            predominantly awarded degree, is an associate
                            degree; or
                                ``(ii) any Tribal college or university (as
                            defined in section 316 of the Higher Education
                            Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1059c)).
                        ``(C) Epscor university.--The term `EPSCoR
                    university' means an institution of higher education
                    located in a State eligible to participate in the
                    program defined in section 502 of the America COMPETES
                    Reauthorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 1862p note).
                        ``(D) Historically black college or university.--
                    The term `historically Black college or university' has
                    the meaning given the term `part B institution' in
                    section 322 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20
                    U.S.C. 1061).
                        ``(E) Minority-serving institution.--The term
                    `minority-serving institution' means a Hispanic-serving
                    institution, an Alaska Native-serving institution, a
                    Native Hawaiian-serving institution, a Predominantly
                    Black Institution, an Asian American and Native
                    American Pacific Islander-serving institution, or a
                    Native American-serving nontribal institution as
                    described in section 371 of the Higher Education Act of
                    1965 (20 U.S.C. 1067q(a)).
                        ``(F) Tribal college or university.--The term
                    `Tribal College or University' has the meaning given
                    such term in section 316 of the Higher Education Act of
                    1965 (20 U.S.C. 1059c).''.

    SEC. 10745. SCIENCE EDUCATION AND HUMAN RESOURCES SCHOLARSHIPS,
                  FELLOWSHIPS, AND RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS.

        (a) In General.--The purpose of this section is to support a
    diverse workforce for the complex landscape associated with effective
    and equitable development of advanced nuclear energy technologies,
    including interdisciplinary research to enable positive impacts and
    avoid potential negative impacts across the lifespan of nuclear energy
    technologies.
        (b) Nontechnical Nuclear Research.--Section 313 of the Omnibus
    Appropriations Act, 2009 (Public Law 111-8; 42 U.S.C. 16274a) is
    amended--
                (1) in subsection (b)(2), after ``engineering'', by
            inserting ``, which may include nontechnical nuclear
            research.'';
                (2) in subsection (c), by inserting after paragraph (2) the
            following:
                ``(3) Nontechnical nuclear research.--The term
            `nontechnical nuclear research' means research with
            specializations such as social sciences or law that can support
            an increase in community engagement, participation, and
            confidence in nuclear energy systems, including the navigation
            of the licensing required for advanced reactor deployment,
            aligned with the objectives in section 951(a)(2) of the Energy
            Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16271(a)(2)).''; and
                (3) in subsection (d)(1), by striking ``$30,000,000'' and
            inserting ``$45,000,000''.

        Subtitle M--Steel Upgrading Partnerships and Emissions Reduction

    SEC. 10751. LOW-EMISSIONS STEEL MANUFACTURING RESEARCH PROGRAM.

        (a) Program.--Subtitle D of title IV of the Energy Independence and
    Security Act of 2007 (42 U.S.C. 17111 et seq.) is amended by inserting
    after section 454 the following:

    ``SEC. 454A. LOW-EMISSIONS STEEL MANUFACTURING RESEARCH PROGRAM.

        ``(a) Purpose.--The purpose of this section is to encourage the
    research and development of innovative technologies aimed at--
                ``(1) increasing the technological and economic
            competitiveness of industry and manufacturing in the United
            States; and
                ``(2) achieving significant net nonwater greenhouse
            emissions reductions in the production processes for iron,
            steel, and steel mill products.
        ``(b) Definitions.--In this section:
                ``(1) Commercially available steelmaking.--The term
            `commercially available steelmaking' means the current
            production method of iron, steel, and steel mill products.
                ``(2) Critical material.--The term `critical material' has
            the meaning given such term in section 7002 of division Z of
            the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 (Public Law 116-260).
                ``(3) Critical mineral.--The term `critical mineral' has
            the meaning given such term in section 7002 of division Z of
            the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 (Public Law 116-260).
                ``(4) Eligible entity.--The term `eligible entity' means--
                        ``(A) an institution of higher education;
                        ``(B) an appropriate State or Federal entity,
                    including a federally funded research and development
                    center of the Department;
                        ``(C) a nonprofit research institution;
                        ``(D) a private entity;
                        ``(E) any other relevant entity the Secretary
                    determines appropriate; and
                        ``(F) a partnership or consortium of two or more
                    entities described in subparagraphs (A) through (E).
                ``(5) Institution of higher education.--The term
            `institution of higher education' has the meaning given the
            term in section 101 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20
            U.S.C. 1001).
                ``(6) Low-emissions steel manufacturing.--The term `low-
            emissions steel manufacturing' means advanced or commercially
            available steelmaking with the reduction, to the maximum extent
            practicable, of net nonwater greenhouse gas emissions to the
            atmosphere from the production of iron, steel, and steel mill
            products.
        ``(c) In General.--Not later than 180 days after the date of
    enactment of the Research and Development, Competition, and Innovation
    Act, the Secretary shall establish a program of research, development,
    demonstration, and commercial application of advanced tools,
    technologies, and methods for low-emissions steel manufacturing.
        ``(d) Requirements.--In carrying out the program under subsection
    (c), the Secretary shall--
                ``(1) coordinate this program with the programs and
            activities authorized in title VI of division Z of the
            Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021;
                ``(2) coordinate across all relevant program offices of the
            Department, including the Office of Science, Office of Energy
            Efficiency and Renewable Energy, the Office of Fossil Energy,
            and the Office of Nuclear Energy;
                ``(3) leverage, to the extent practicable, the research
            infrastructure of the Department, including scientific
            computing user facilities, x-ray light sources, neutron
            scattering facilities, and nanoscale science research centers;
            and
                ``(4) conduct research, development, and demonstration of
            low-emissions steel manufacturing technologies that have the
            potential to increase domestic production and employment in
            advanced and commercially available steelmaking.
        ``(e) Strategic Plan.--
                ``(1) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the date
            of enactment of the Research and Development, Competition, and
            Innovation Act, the Secretary shall develop a 5-year strategic
            plan identifying research, development, demonstration, and
            commercial application goals for the program established in
            subsection (c). The Secretary shall submit this plan to the
            Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of
            Representatives and the Committee on Energy and Natural
            Resources of the Senate.
                ``(2) Contents.--The strategic plan submitted under
            paragraph (1) shall--
                        ``(A) identify programs at the Department related
                    to low-emissions steel manufacturing that support the
                    research, development, demonstration, and commercial
                    application activities described in this section, and
                    the demonstration projects under subsection (h);
                        ``(B) establish technological and programmatic
                    goals to achieve the requirements of subsection (d);
                    and
                        ``(C) include timelines for the accomplishment of
                    goals developed under the plan.
                ``(3) Updates to plan.--Not less than once every two years,
            the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Science, Space,
            and Technology of the House of Representatives and the
            Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate an
            updated version of the plan under paragraph (1).
        ``(f) Focus Areas.--In carrying out the program established in
    subsection (c), the Secretary shall focus on--
                ``(1) medium- and high-temperature heat generation
            technologies used for low-emissions steel manufacturing, which
            may include--
                        ``(A) alternative fuels, including hydrogen and
                    biomass;
                        ``(B) alternative reducing agents, including
                    hydrogen;
                        ``(C) renewable heat generation technology,
                    including solar and geothermal;
                        ``(D) electrification of heating processes,
                    including through electrolysis; and
                        ``(E) other heat generation sources;
                ``(2) carbon capture technologies for advanced and
            commercially available steelmaking processes, which may
            include--
                        ``(A) combustion and chemical looping technologies;
                        ``(B) use of slag to reduce carbon dioxide
                    emissions;
                        ``(C) pre-combustion technologies; and
                        ``(D) post-combustion technologies;
                ``(3) smart manufacturing technologies and principles,
            digital manufacturing technologies, and advanced data analytics
            to develop advanced technologies and practices in information,
            automation, monitoring, computation, sensing, modeling, and
            networking to--
                        ``(A) model and simulate manufacturing production
                    lines;
                        ``(B) monitor and communicate production line
                    status; and
                        ``(C) model, simulate, and optimize the energy
                    efficiency of manufacturing processes;
                ``(4) technologies and practices that minimize energy and
            natural resource consumption, which may include--
                        ``(A) designing products that enable reuse,
                    refurbishment, remanufacturing, and recycling;
                        ``(B) minimizing waste from advanced and
                    commercially available steelmaking processes, including
                    through the reuse of waste as resources in other
                    industrial processes for mutual benefit;
                        ``(C) increasing resource efficiency; and
                        ``(D) increasing the energy efficiency of advanced
                    and commercially available steelmaking processes;
                ``(5) alternative materials and technologies that produce
            fewer emissions during production and result in fewer emissions
            during use, which may include--
                        ``(A) innovative raw materials;
                        ``(B) high-performance lightweight materials;
                        ``(C) substitutions for critical materials and
                    critical minerals; and
                        ``(D) other technologies that achieve significant
                    carbon emission reductions in low-emissions steel
                    manufacturing, as determined by the Secretary; and
                ``(6) high-performance computing to develop advanced
            materials and manufacturing processes contributing to the focus
            areas described in paragraphs (1) through (5), including--
                        ``(A) modeling, simulation, and optimization of the
                    design of energy efficient and sustainable products;
                    and
                        ``(B) the use of digital prototyping and additive
                    manufacturing to enhance product design.
        ``(g) Testing and Validation.--The Secretary, in consultation with
    the Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology,
    shall support the development of standardized testing and technical
    validation of advanced and commercially available steelmaking and low-
    emissions steel manufacturing through collaboration with one or more
    National Laboratories, and one or more eligible entities.
        ``(h) Demonstration.--
                ``(1) Establishment.--Not later than 180 days after the
            date of enactment of the Research and Development, Competition,
            and Innovation Act, the Secretary, in carrying out the program
            established in subsection (c), and in collaboration with
            industry partners, institutions of higher education, and the
            National Laboratories, shall support an initiative for the
            demonstration of low-emissions steel manufacturing, as
            identified by the Secretary, that uses either--
                        ``(A) a single technology; or
                        ``(B) a combination of multiple technologies.
                ``(2) Selection requirements.--Under the initiative
            established under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall select
            eligible entities to carry out demonstration projects and to
            the maximum extent practicable--
                        ``(A) encourage regional diversity among eligible
                    entities, including participation by rural States;
                        ``(B) encourage technological diversity among
                    eligible entities; and
                        ``(C) ensure that specific projects selected--
                                ``(i) expand on the existing technology
                            demonstration programs of the Department; and
                                ``(ii) prioritize projects that leverage
                            matching funds from non-Federal sources.
                ``(3) Reports.--The Secretary shall submit to the Committee
            on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of
            Representatives and the Committee on Energy and Natural
            Resources of the Senate--
                        ``(A) not less frequently than once every two years
                    for the duration of the demonstration initiative under
                    this subsection, a report describing the performance of
                    the initiative; and
                        ``(B) if the initiative established under this
                    subsection is terminated, an assessment of the success
                    of, and education provided by, the measures carried out
                    by recipients of financial assistance under the
                    initiative.
        ``(i) Additional Coordination.--
                ``(1) Manufacturing u.s.a.--In carrying out this section
            the Secretary shall consider--
                        ``(A) leveraging the resources of relevant existing
                    Manufacturing USA Institutes described in section 34(d)
                    of the National Institute of Standards and Technology
                    Act (15 U.S.C. 278s(d));
                        ``(B) integrating program activities into a
                    relevant existing Manufacturing USA Institute; or
                        ``(C) establishing a new institute focused on low-
                    emissions steel manufacturing.
                ``(2) Other federal agencies.--In carrying out this
            section, the Secretary shall coordinate with other Federal
            agencies that are carrying out research and development
            initiatives to increase industrial competitiveness and achieve
            significant net nonwater greenhouse emissions reductions
            through low-emissions steel manufacturing, including the
            Department of Defense, Department of Transportation, and the
            National Institute of Standards and Technology.''.
        (b) Clerical Amendment.--Section 1(b) of the Energy Independence
    and Security Act of 2007 (42 U.S.C. 17001 note) is amended in the table
    of contents by inserting after the item relating to section 454 the
    following:

    ``Sec. 454A. Low-Emissions Steel Manufacturing Research Program.''.

        Subtitle N--Applied Laboratories Infrastructure Restoration and
                                 Modernization

    SEC. 10761. APPLIED LABORATORIES INFRASTRUCTURE RESTORATION AND
                  MODERNIZATION.

        (a) Definition of National Laboratory.--In this section, the term
    ``National Laboratory'' means--
                (1) the National Renewable Energy Laboratory;
                (2) the National Energy Technology Laboratory;
                (3) the Idaho National Laboratory;
                (4) the Savannah River National Laboratory;
                (5) the Sandia National Laboratories;
                (6) the Los Alamos National Laboratory; and
                (7) the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.
        (b) Restoration and Modernization Projects.--
                (1) In general.--The Secretary shall fund projects
            described in paragraph (2) as needed to address the deferred
            maintenance, critical infrastructure needs, and modernization
            of National Laboratories.
                (2) Projects described.--The projects referred to in
            paragraph (1) are, as determined by the Secretary--
                        (A) priority deferred maintenance projects at
                    National Laboratories, including facilities sustainment
                    for, upgrade of, and construction of research
                    laboratories, administrative and support buildings,
                    utilities, roads, power plants, and any other critical
                    infrastructure; and
                        (B) lab modernization projects at National
                    Laboratories, including projects relating to core
                    infrastructure needed--
                                (i) to support existing and emerging
                            science missions with new and specialized
                            requirements for world-leading scientific user
                            facilities and computing capabilities; and
                                (ii) to maintain safe, efficient, reliable,
                            and environmentally responsible operations,
                            including pilot projects to demonstrate net-
                            zero emissions with resilient operations.
                (3) Approach.--In carrying out paragraph (1), the Secretary
            shall use all available approaches and mechanisms, as the
            Secretary determines to be appropriate, including--
                        (A) capital line items;
                        (B) minor construction projects;
                        (C) energy savings performance contracts;
                        (D) utility energy service contracts;
                        (E) alternative financing; and
                        (F) expense funding.
        (c) Submission to Congress.--For each fiscal year through fiscal
    year 2027, at the same time as the annual budget submission of the
    President, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on
    Appropriations and the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the
    Senate and the Committee on Appropriations and the Committee on
    Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives a list
    of projects for which the Secretary will provide funding under this
    section, including a description of each project and the funding
    profile for the project.
        (d) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be
    appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the activities described in
    this section $800,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027,
    of which, in each fiscal year--
                (1) $640,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for
            projects at National Laboratories described in paragraphs (1)
            through (4) of subsection (a); and
                (2) $160,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for
            projects at National Laboratories described in paragraphs (5)
            through (7) of that subsection.

          Subtitle O--Department of Energy Research, Development, and
                            Demonstration Activities

    SEC. 10771. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT, AND
                  DEMONSTRATION ACTIVITIES.

        For the purpose of carrying out research, development, and
    demonstration activities and addressing energy-related supply chain
    activities in the key technology focus areas (as described in section
    10387), there are authorized to be appropriated the following amounts:
                (1) Office of energy efficiency and renewable energy.--In
            addition to amounts otherwise authorized to be appropriated or
            made available, there are authorized to be appropriated to the
            Secretary of Energy (referred to in this section as the
            ``Secretary''), acting through the Office of Energy Efficiency
            and Renewable Energy, for the period of fiscal years 2023
            through 2026--
                        (A) $1,200,000,000 to carry out building
                    technologies research, development, and demonstration
                    activities;
                        (B) $1,200,000,000 to carry out sustainable
                    transportation research, development, and demonstration
                    activities;
                        (C) $1,000,000,000 to carry out advanced
                    manufacturing research, development, and demonstration
                    activities, excluding activities carried out pursuant
                    to subparagraph (D);
                        (D) $1,000,000,000 to carry out section 454 of the
                    Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (42 U.S.C.
                    17113);
                        (E) $600,000,000 to carry out advanced materials
                    research, development, and demonstration activities,
                    including relating to upcycling, recycling, and
                    biobased materials; and
                        (F) $800,000,000 to carry out renewable power
                    research, development, and demonstration activities.
                (2) Office of electricity.--In addition to amounts
            otherwise authorized to be appropriated or made available,
            there is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary, acting
            through the Office of Electricity, for the period of fiscal
            years 2023 through 2026, $1,000,000,000 to carry out electric
            grid modernization and security research, development, and
            demonstration activities.
                (3) Office of cybersecurity, energy security, and emergency
            response.--In addition to amounts otherwise authorized to be
            appropriated or made available, there is authorized to be
            appropriated to the Secretary, acting through the Office of
            Cybersecurity, Energy Security, and Emergency Response, for the
            period of fiscal years 2023 through 2026, $800,000,000 to carry
            out cybersecurity and energy system physical security research,
            development, and demonstration activities.
                (4) Office of nuclear energy.--In addition to amounts
            otherwise authorized to be appropriated or made available,
            there is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary, acting
            through the Office of Nuclear Energy, for the period of fiscal
            years 2023 through 2026, $400,000,000 to carry out advanced
            materials research, development, and demonstration activities.
                (5) Office of environmental management.--In addition to
            amounts otherwise authorized to be appropriated or made
            available, there is authorized to be appropriated to the
            Secretary, acting through the Office of Environmental
            Management, for the period of fiscal years 2023 through 2026,
            $200,000,000 to carry out research, development, and
            demonstration activities, including relating to artificial
            intelligence and information technology.
                (6) Office of fossil energy and carbon management.--In
            addition to amounts otherwise authorized to be appropriated or
            made available, there are authorized to be appropriated to the
            Secretary, acting through the Office of Fossil Energy and
            Carbon Management, for the period of fiscal years 2023 through
            2026--
                        (A) $600,000,000 to carry out clean industrial
                    technologies research, development, and demonstration
                    activities pursuant to section 454 of the Energy
                    Independence and Security Act of 2007 (42 U.S.C.
                    17113);
                        (B) $200,000,000 to carry out alternative fuels
                    research, development, and demonstration activities;
                    and
                        (C) $1,000,000,000 to carry out carbon removal
                    research, development, and demonstration activities.
                (7) Advanced research projects agency--energy.--In addition
            to amounts otherwise authorized to be appropriated or made
            available, there is authorized to be appropriated to the
            Secretary, acting through the Director of the Advanced Research
            Projects Agency--Energy established under section 5012 of the
            America COMPETES Act (42 U.S.C. 16538), for the period of
            fiscal years 2023 through 2026, $1,200,852,898 to carry out
            activities of the Advanced Research Projects Agency--Energy.

                       Subtitle P--Fission for the Future

    SEC. 10781. ADVANCED NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGIES FEDERAL RESEARCH,
                  DEVELOPMENT, AND DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM.

        (a) Definitions.--In this section:
                (1) Advanced nuclear reactor.--The term ``advanced nuclear
            reactor'' has the meaning given the term in section 951(b) of
            the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16271(b)).
                (2) Eligible entity.--The term ``eligible entity'' means
            each of--
                        (A) a State;
                        (B) an Indian Tribe (as defined in section 4 of the
                    Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act
                    (25 U.S.C. 5304));
                        (C) a Tribal organization (as defined in section 4
                    of the Indian Self-Determination and Education
                    Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 5304));
                        (D) a unit of local government;
                        (E) an electric utility (as defined in section 3 of
                    the Federal Power Act (16 U.S.C. 796));
                        (F) a National Laboratory (as defined in section 2
                    of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 15801));
                        (G) an institution of higher education (as defined
                    in section 101(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965
                    (20 U.S.C. 1001(a))); and
                        (H) a private entity specializing in--
                                (i) advanced nuclear technology
                            development;
                                (ii) nuclear supply chains; or
                                (iii) with respect to nuclear technologies
                            and nonelectric applications of nuclear
                            technologies, construction, project financing,
                            contract structuring and risk allocation, or
                            regulatory and licensing processes.
                (3) Program.--The term ``program'' means the program
            established under subsection (b)(1).
                (4) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary
            of Energy.
        (b) Establishment of Program.--
                (1) In general.--The Secretary shall establish a program to
            provide Federal financial assistance to eligible entities to
            support the research, development, and demonstration of
            advanced nuclear reactors.
                (2) Competitive procedures.--To the maximum extent
            practicable, the Secretary shall carry out the program using a
            competitive, merit-based review process that is consistent with
            section 989 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16353).
        (c) Applications.--An eligible entity desiring Federal financial
    assistance under the program shall submit to the Secretary an
    application at such time, in such manner, and containing such
    information as the Secretary may require.
        (d) Priority.--In selecting eligible entities to receive Federal
    financial assistance under the program, the Secretary shall give
    priority to eligible entities that--
                (1) plan to carry out projects at or near the site of 1 or
            more fossil fuel electric generation facilities that are
            retired or scheduled to retire, including multi-unit facilities
            that are partially shut down--
                        (A) to support the productive reuse of fossil fuel
                    electric generation facilities that are retired or
                    scheduled to retire; and
                        (B) to sustain and revitalize communities impacted
                    by the closure of fossil fuel electric generation
                    facilities;
                (2) plan to support nonelectric applications, including
            supplying heat for--
                        (A) energy storage;
                        (B) hydrogen or other liquid and gaseous fuel or
                    chemical production;
                        (C) industrial processes;
                        (D) desalination technologies and processes;
                        (E) isotope production;
                        (F) district heating; and
                        (G) other applications, as the Secretary determines
                    to be appropriate; and
                (3) have implemented or demonstrated the ability to
            successfully implement workforce training or retraining
            programs to train workers to perform activities relating to the
            research, development, and demonstration of advanced nuclear
            reactors.
        (e) Cost Share.--Section 988 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42
    U.S.C. 16352) shall apply to Federal financial assistance provided
    under the program.
        (f) Authorization of Appropriations.--In addition to amounts
    otherwise available, there are authorized to be appropriated to the
    Secretary to carry out the program--
                (1) $75,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                (2) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                (3) $150,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
                (4) $225,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
                (5) $250,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.

    TITLE VII--NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION AUTHORIZATION
                                      ACT

    SEC. 10801. SHORT TITLE.

        This title may be cited as the ``National Aeronautics and Space
    Administration Authorization Act of 2022''.

    SEC. 10802. DEFINITIONS.

        In this title:
                (1) Administration.--The term ``Administration'' means the
            National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
                (2) Administrator.--The term ``Administrator'' means the
            Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space
            Administration.
                (3) Appropriate committees of congress.--Except as
            otherwise expressly provided, the term ``appropriate committees
            of Congress'' means--
                        (A) the Committee on Commerce, Science, and
                    Transportation of the Senate; and
                        (B) the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology
                    of the House of Representatives.
                (4) Cislunar space.--The term ``cislunar space'' means the
            region of space beyond low-Earth orbit out to and including the
            region around the surface of the Moon.
                (5) Deep space.--The term ``deep space'' means the region
            of space beyond low-Earth orbit, including cislunar space.
                (6) Development cost.--The term ``development cost'' has
            the meaning given the term in section 30104 of title 51, United
            States Code.
                (7) Government astronaut.--The term ``government
            astronaut'' has the meaning given the term in section 50902 of
            title 51, United States Code.
                (8) ISS.--The term ``ISS'' means the International Space
            Station.
                (9) Low-enriched uranium.--The term ``low-enriched
            uranium'' means uranium having an assay greater than the assay
            for natural uranium but less than 20 percent of the uranium-235
            isotope.
                (10) NASA.--The term ``NASA'' means the National
            Aeronautics and Space Administration.
                (11) Orion.--The term ``Orion'' means the multipurpose crew
            vehicle described in section 303 of the National Aeronautics
            and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C.
            18323).
                (12) OSTP.--The term ``OSTP'' means the Office of Science
            and Technology Policy.
                (13) Space flight participant.--The term ``space flight
            participant'' has the meaning given the term in section 50902
            of title 51, United States Code.
                (14) Space launch system.--The term ``Space Launch System''
            means the Space Launch System authorized under section 302 of
            the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Act of 2010
            (42 U.S.C. 18322).
                (15) Unmanned aircraft; unmanned aircraft system.--The
            terms ``unmanned aircraft'' and ``unmanned aircraft system''
            have the meanings given those terms in section 44801 of title
            49, United States Code.

                            Subtitle A--Exploration

    SEC. 10811. MOON TO MARS.

        (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
                (1) advances in space technology and space exploration
            capabilities--
                        (A) ensure the long-term technological preeminence,
                    economic competitiveness, STEM workforce development,
                    and national security of the United States; and
                        (B) offer profound inspirational value for future
                    generations;
                (2) the Artemis missions--
                        (A) will make further progress on advancing the
                    human exploration roadmap to achieve human presence
                    beyond low-Earth orbit to the surface of Mars, as
                    required under section 432 of the National Aeronautics
                    and Space Administration Transition Authorization Act
                    of 2017 (Public Law 115-10; 51 U.S.C. 20302 note);
                        (B) should fulfill the goal of landing United
                    States astronauts, including the first woman and the
                    next man, on the Moon; and
                        (C) should seek collaboration with commercial and
                    international partners to establish sustainable lunar
                    exploration, and should fund any sustainable lunar
                    activities not directly required for the advancement of
                    a human mission to Mars separately;
                (3) in carrying out the Artemis missions, the Administrator
            should ensure that the entire Artemis program is inclusive and
            representative of all people of the United States, including
            women and minorities;
                (4) safe and successful execution of the roadmap to achieve
            human presence on Mars, including the Artemis missions,
            requires--
                        (A) a clear strategic vision for achieving lunar
                    and Mars exploration that is shared by NASA,
                    international partners, nongovernmental partners,
                    Congress, and the people of the United States;
                        (B) a well-developed and executable timeline,
                    budget, and mission architecture, to inform decisions,
                    including decisions relating to workforce and
                    infrastructure needs and the development of technical
                    and nontechnical skills;
                        (C) consistent NASA oversight of all relevant
                    exploration activities, enabled by NASA leadership with
                    authority, responsibility, and accountability for
                    decisions and well-developed capabilities for systems
                    engineering and integration;
                        (D) clearly defined roles for NASA, international
                    partners, and nongovernmental partners, including
                    criteria for determining whether NASA should make,
                    manage, or buy key capabilities; and
                        (E) mechanisms to ensure NASA insight into the
                    activities of its international and nongovernmental
                    partners, as required to identify and mitigate risks to
                    mission safety and success.
        (b) Moon to Mars Office and Program.--
                (1) Moon to mars office.--Not later than 120 days after the
            date of the enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall
            establish within the Exploration Systems Development Mission
            Directorate a Moon to Mars Program Office (referred to in this
            section as the ``Office'') to lead and manage the Moon to Mars
            program established under paragraph (2), including Artemis
            missions and activities.
                (2) Moon to mars program.--
                        (A) Establishment.--Not later than 120 days after
                    the date of the enactment of this Act, the
                    Administrator shall establish a Moon to Mars Program
                    (referred to in this section as the ``Program'') in
                    accordance with sections 20302(b) and 70504 of title
                    51, United States Code, which shall include Artemis
                    missions and activities, to achieve the goal of human
                    exploration of Mars.
                        (B) Elements.--The Program shall include the
                    following elements:
                                (i) The Space Launch System under section
                            20302 of title 51, United States Code.
                                (ii) The Orion crew vehicle under such
                            section.
                                (iii) Exploration Ground Systems.
                                (iv) An outpost in orbit around the Moon
                            under section 70504 of such title.
                                (v) Human-rated landing systems.
                                (vi) Spacesuits.
                                (vii) Any other element needed to meet the
                            requirements for the Program.
                        (C) Direction.--The Administrator shall ensure
                    that--
                                (i) each Artemis mission demonstrates or
                            advances a technology or operational concept
                            that will enable human missions to Mars;
                                (ii) the Program incorporates each such
                            mission into the human exploration roadmap
                            under section 432 of the National Aeronautics
                            and Space Administration Transition
                            Authorization Act of 2017 (Public Law 115-10;
                            51 U.S.C. 20302 note); and
                                (iii) the Program includes cislunar space
                            exploration activities that--
                                        (I) use a combination of launches
                                    of the Space Launch System and space
                                    transportation services from United
                                    States commercial providers, as
                                    appropriate, for each such mission;
                                        (II) plan for not fewer than 1
                                    Space Launch System launch annually
                                    beginning after the first successful
                                    crewed launch of Orion on the Space
                                    Launch System, with a goal of 2 Space
                                    Launch System launches annually as soon
                                    as practicable; and
                                        (III) establish an outpost in orbit
                                    around the Moon that--
                                                (aa) demonstrates
                                            technologies, systems, and
                                            operational concepts directly
                                            applicable to the space vehicle
                                            that will be used to transport
                                            humans to Mars;
                                                (bb) has the capability for
                                            periodic human habitation; and
                                                (cc) functions as a point
                                            of departure, return, or
                                            staging for missions to
                                            multiple locations on the lunar
                                            surface or other destinations.
                (3) Director.--
                        (A) In general.--The Administrator shall appoint a
                    Director for the Program, who shall lead the Office and
                    report to the Associate Administrator of the
                    Exploration Systems Development Mission Directorate.
                        (B) Accountability.--The Director shall have
                    accountability for risk management and shall have
                    authority, as consistent with NASA Space Flight Program
                    and Project Management requirements--
                                (i) to implement--
                                        (I) Program-level requirements; and
                                        (II) an architecture and program
                                    plan developed to meet such
                                    requirements;
                                (ii) to manage resources, personnel, and
                            contracts necessary to implement the Program,
                            as appropriate;
                                (iii) to manage cost, risk, schedule, and
                            performance factors;
                                (iv) to direct and oversee a Program-wide
                            systems engineering and integration and
                            integrated risk management function; and
                                (v) to carry out other authorities, in
                            accordance with Administration policies and
                            procedures.
                        (C) Responsibilities.--The Director shall be
                    responsible for--
                                (i) developing and managing--
                                        (I) an integrated master plan,
                                    integrated master schedule, and
                                    integrated risk management procedures
                                    for the Program;
                                        (II) a Program-wide systems
                                    engineering and integration function as
                                    described in subsection (c);
                                        (III) plans for technology and
                                    capabilities development;
                                        (IV) logistics support, science
                                    data management, communications, and
                                    other plans that are relevant to the
                                    functions of the Office; and
                                        (V) performance measures to assess
                                    the progress of the Program;
                                (ii) advising the Associate Administrator
                            of the Exploration Systems Development Mission
                            Directorate on the development of--
                                        (I) Program-level requirements,
                                    including for a human Mars orbital
                                    mission and a human mission to the
                                    surface of Mars; and
                                        (II) an architecture based on the
                                    requirements described in subclause
                                    (I); and
                                (iii) informing the Associate Administrator
                            of the Administration on coordination among
                            NASA centers, as required to most efficiently
                            achieve the goals of the Program.
        (c) Systems Engineering and Integration.--The Director of the
    Office shall--
                (1) establish within the Office a Program-wide systems
            engineering and integration function; and
                (2) appoint a manager for such function to manage systems
            engineering and integration activities across the Program,
            including with respect to the Program elements described in
            subsection (b)(2).
        (d) Implementation.--In the implementation of the Program, the
    Administrator shall ensure that--
                (1) for the purposes of reducing risk and complexity and
            making the maximum use of taxpayer investments to date, in
            conducting Artemis activities, the Administration does not take
            any action in regard to the design of the Exploration Upper
            Stage-enhanced Space Launch System that would preclude it from
            carrying an integrated human-rated lunar landing system for
            crewed lunar landing missions;
                (2) the Program maintains a robust series of ground-based
            and in-flight testing activities, including, with respect to
            each crewed system design, not less than 1 uncrewed flight
            test, followed by a crewed flight test, as appropriate, prior
            to use of the design on a human-rated lunar landing system or
            Mars mission; and
                (3) human lunar landing missions under the Program,
            including surface and in-space activities, are carried out
            solely by government astronauts.
        (e) Study.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment
    of this Act, the Administrator shall submit to the appropriate
    committees of Congress a report detailing--
                (1) progress towards the establishment of--
                        (A) the Office, the Program, and the Program
                    architecture; and
                        (B) the integrated master plan, integrated master
                    schedule, and integrated risk management procedures for
                    the Program;
                (2) performance measures and milestones for the Program and
            any interim assessment with respect to such performance
            measures, as practicable;
                (3) initial criteria for determining whether NASA should
            make, manage, or buy key capabilities within the Program or
            engage with international partners to access such capabilities;
                (4) strategies to ensure consistent insight into the
            activities of NASA partners, including nongovernmental
            partners, as required to identify and mitigate mission risks;
                (5) progress towards the establishment of a systems
            engineering and integration function; and
                (6) an annual budget profile for resources required to
            implement the Program during the 5-year period beginning on the
            date of the enactment of this Act.

    SEC. 10812. SPACE LAUNCH SYSTEM CONFIGURATIONS.

        (a) Exploration Ground Systems Infrastructure.--The Administrator
    shall ensure that--
                (1) the necessary elements of a ground system
            infrastructure are in place to enable the preparation and use
            of the Space Launch System, specifically the Block 1 (at least
            70 mt), Block 1B (at least 105 mt), and Block 2 (at least 130
            mt) variants of the Space Launch System; and
                (2) not fewer than 2 bays of the vehicle assembly building
            of such ground system infrastructure are outfitted and
            dedicated to support Space Launch System stacking and
            preparations.
        (b) Flight Rate and Safety.--After the first crewed lunar landing
    of the Administration's Moon to Mars activities, the Administrator
    shall, to the extent practicable, seek to carry out a flight rate of 2
    integrated Space Launch System and Orion crew vehicle missions annually
    until the lunar activities needed to enable a human mission to Mars are
    completed so as to maintain the critical human spaceflight production
    and operations skills necessary for the safety of human spaceflight
    activities in deep space.
        (c) Mobile Launch Platform.--
                (1) In general.--The Administrator is authorized to
            maintain 2 operational mobile launch platforms to enable the
            launch of multiple configurations of the Space Launch System.
                (2) Second mobile launch platform.--
                        (A) In general.--In implementing paragraph (1), the
                    Administrator shall take all necessary steps to develop
                    and complete a second mobile launch platform, to be in
                    place by 2026, to support the first launch of the Block
                    1B variant of the Space Launch System.
                        (B) Requirement.--Such second mobile launch
                    platform shall be sized and constructed to accommodate
                    the Block 2 variant of the Space Launch System.
        (d) Reports.--The Administrator shall submit to Congress--
                (1) not later than 45 days after the date of the enactment
            of this Act, a report on the steps the Administrator and
            industry partners are taking--
                        (A) to address the cost, schedule, and performance
                    challenges in the development of the Mobile Launch-2
                    platform; and
                        (B) to ensure that such platform is ready for
                    operational use on a schedule that aligns with the
                    current plans for an Artemis IV launch, which is
                    currently anticipated in 2027; and
                (2) not later than 90 days after such date of enactment, a
            report that contains a list of the key milestones required for
            completing each of the Space Launch System variants, and an
            estimated date on which such milestones will be completed.
        (e) Exploration Upper Stage.--
                (1) In general.--To meet the capability requirements under
            section 302(c)(2) of the National Aeronautics and Space
            Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C.
            18322(c)(2)), the Administrator shall continue development of
            the Exploration Upper Stage for the Space Launch System on a
            schedule consistent with the Artemis IV lunar mission.
                (2) Briefing.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the
            enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall brief the
            appropriate committees of Congress on the development and
            scheduled availability of the Exploration Upper Stage for the
            Artemis IV lunar mission.
        (f) Main Propulsion Test Article.--To meet the requirements under
    section 302(c)(3) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration
    Authorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 18322(c)(3)), the Administrator
    may initiate development of a main propulsion test article for the
    integrated Exploration Upper Stage element of the Space Launch System,
    consistent with cost and schedule constraints, particularly for long-
    lead propulsion hardware needed for flight.

    SEC. 10813. ROCKET ENGINE TEST INFRASTRUCTURE.

        (a) In General.--The Administrator shall, to the extent
    practicable, continue to carry out a program to modernize rocket
    propulsion test infrastructure at NASA facilities--
                (1) to increase capabilities;
                (2) to enhance safety;
                (3) to support propulsion development and testing; and
                (4) to foster the improvement of Government and commercial
            space transportation and exploration.
        (b) Projects.--Projects funded under the program described in
    subsection (a) may include--
                (1) infrastructure and other facilities and systems
            relating to rocket propulsion test stands and rocket propulsion
            testing;
                (2) enhancements to test facility capacity and flexibility;
            and
                (3) such other projects as the Administrator considers
            appropriate to meet the goals described in that subsection.
        (c) Requirements.--In carrying out the program under subsection
    (a), the Administrator shall--
                (1) to the extent practicable and appropriate, prioritize
            investments in projects that enhance test and flight
            certification capabilities, including for large thrust-level
            atmospheric and altitude engines and engine systems, and multi-
            engine integrated test capabilities;
                (2) continue to make underutilized test facilities
            available for commercial use on a reimbursable basis; and
                (3) ensure that no project carried out under this program
            adversely impacts, delays, or defers testing or other
            activities associated with facilities used for Government
            programs, including--
                        (A) the Space Launch System and the Exploration
                    Upper Stage of the Space Launch System;
                        (B) in-space propulsion to support exploration
                    missions; or
                        (C) nuclear propulsion testing.
        (d) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this section shall preclude a
    NASA program, including the Space Launch System and the Exploration
    Upper Stage of the Space Launch System, from using the modernized test
    infrastructure developed under this section.
        (e) Working Capital Fund Study.--
                (1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of
            the enactment of this division, the Administrator shall submit
            to the appropriate committees of Congress a report on the use
            of the authority under section 30102 of title 51, United States
            Code, to promote increased use of NASA rocket propulsion test
            infrastructure for research, development, testing, and
            evaluation activities by other Federal agencies, firms,
            associations, corporations, and educational institutions.
                (2) Matters to be included.--The report required by
            paragraph (1) shall include the following:
                        (A) An assessment of prior use, if any, of the
                    authority under section 30102 of title 51, United
                    States Code, to improve testing infrastructure.
                        (B) An analysis of any barrier to implementation of
                    such authority for the purpose of promoting increased
                    use of NASA rocket propulsion test infrastructure.

    SEC. 10814. PEARL RIVER MAINTENANCE.

        (a) In General.--The Administrator shall coordinate with the Chief
    of the Army Corps of Engineers on a comprehensive plan to ensure the
    continued navigability of the Pearl River and Little Lake channels
    sufficient to support NASA barge operations surrounding Stennis Space
    Center and the Michoud Assembly Facility.
        (b) Report to Congress.--Not later than 180 days after the date of
    the enactment of this division, the Administrator shall submit to the
    appropriate committees of Congress a report on efforts under subsection
    (a).
        (c) Appropriate Committees of Congress Defined.--In this section,
    the term ``appropriate committees of Congress'' means--
                (1) the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation,
            the Committee on Environment and Public Works, and the
            Committee on Appropriations of the Senate; and
                (2) the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, the
            Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure, and the
            Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives.

    SEC. 10815. EXTENSION AND MODIFICATION RELATING TO INTERNATIONAL SPACE
                  STATION.

        (a) Policy.--Section 501(a) of the National Aeronautics and Space
    Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 18351(a)) is
    amended by striking ``2024'' and inserting ``September 30, 2030''.
        (b) Maintenance of United States Segment and Assurance of Continued
    Operations.--Section 503(a) of the National Aeronautics and Space
    Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 18353(a)) is
    amended by striking ``September 30, 2024'' and inserting ``September
    30, 2030''.
        (c) Research Capacity Allocation and Integration of Research
    Payloads.--Section 504(d) of the National Aeronautics and Space
    Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 18354(d)) is
    amended--
                (1) in paragraph (1), in the first sentence--
                        (A) by striking ``As soon as practicable'' and all
                    that follows through ``2011,'' and inserting ``The'';
                    and
                        (B) by striking ``September 30, 2024'' and
                    inserting ``September 30, 2030''; and
                (2) in paragraph (2), in the third sentence, by striking
            ``September 30, 2024'' and inserting ``September 30, 2030''.
        (d) Maintenance of Use.--
                (1) In general.--Section 70907 of title 51, United States
            Code, is amended--
                        (A) in the section heading, by striking ``2024''
                    and inserting ``2030'';
                        (B) in subsection (a), by striking ``September 30,
                    2024'' and inserting ``September 30, 2030''; and
                        (C) in subsection (b)(3), by striking ``September
                    30, 2024'' and inserting ``September 30, 2030''.
                (2) Conforming amendment.--The table of sections for
            chapter 709 of title 51, United States Code, is amended by
            striking the item relating to section 70907 and inserting the
            following:

    ``70907. Maintaining use through at least 2030.''.
        (e) Transition Plan Reports.--Section 50111(c)(2) of title 51,
    United States Code is amended--
                (1) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by striking
            ``2023'' and inserting ``2028''; and
                (2) in subparagraph (J), by striking ``2028'' and inserting
            ``2030''.
        (f) Assessments and Report.--The Administrator shall--
                (1) conduct a comprehensive assessment of the viability of
            the ISS to operate safely and support full and productive use
            through 2030, including all necessary analyses to certify ISS
            operations through 2030;
                (2) not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment
            of this Act, submit to the Aerospace Safety Advisory Panel an
            assessment of--
                        (A) the root cause of cracks and air leaks in the
                    Russian Service Module Transfer Tunnel;
                        (B) the certification of all United States systems
                    and modules to operate through 2030;
                        (C)(i) an inventory of spares or replacements for
                    elements, systems, and equipment, including systems
                    certified under subparagraph (B), that are currently
                    produced, in inventory, or on order;
                        (ii) a description of the state of the readiness of
                    such spares and replacements; and
                        (iii) a schedule for delivery of such spares and
                    replacements to the ISS, including the planned
                    transportation means for such delivery and the
                    estimated cost and schedule for procurement of such
                    spares and replacements and their delivery to the ISS;
                    and
                        (D) any other relevant data, information, or
                    analysis relevant to the safe and productive use of the
                    ISS through 2030; and
                (3) not later than 240 days after the date of the enactment
            of this Act, submit to the appropriate committees of Congress--
                        (A) a report on the results of the assessment
                    conducted under paragraph (1); and
                        (B) a plan to address any recommendations of the
                    Aerospace Safety Advisory Panel, consistent with
                    section 31101(c)(2) of title 51, United States Code,
                    with respect to such assessment.

    SEC. 10816. PRIORITIES FOR INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION.

        (a) In General.--The Administrator shall assess International Space
    Station research activities and shall ensure that crew time and
    resources allocated to the Administration for use on the International
    Space Station prioritize--
                (1) the research of the Human Research Program, including
            research on and development of countermeasures relevant to
            reducing human health and performance risks, behavioral and
            psychological risks, and other astronaut safety risks related
            to long-duration human spaceflight;
                (2) risk reduction activities relevant to exploration
            technologies, including for the Environmental Control and Life
            Support System, extravehicular activity and space suits,
            environmental monitoring, safety, emergency response, and deep
            space communications;
                (3) the advancement of United States leadership in basic
            and applied space life and physical science research,
            consistent with the priorities of the most recent space life
            and physical sciences decadal survey of the National Academies
            of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine; and
                (4) other research and development activities identified by
            the Administrator as essential to Moon to Mars activities.
        (b) Reports.--
                (1) Assessment and prioritization.--Not later than 180 days
            after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Administrator
            shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a report
            on--
                        (A) the assessment; and
                        (B) the steps taken to achieve the prioritization
                    required by subsection (a).
                (2) Space flight participants.--Not later than 120 days
            after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Administrator
            shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a report
            on measures taken, with respect to space flight participants
            aboard the ISS, to ensure government astronaut safety, to avoid
            interference in ISS operations and research priorities, and to
            prevent undue demands on crew time and resources.
                (3) Annual progress reports.--Concurrent with the annual
            budget submission of the President to Congress under section
            1105(a) of title 31, United States Code, the Administrator
            shall provide to the appropriate committees of Congress an
            annual accounting of the use of Administration crew time and
            ISS resources, including the allocation of such resources
            toward the priorities described in subsection (a).

    SEC. 10817. TECHNICAL AMENDMENTS RELATING TO ARTEMIS MISSIONS.

        (a) Section 421 of the National Aeronautics and Space
    Administration Authorization Act of 2017 (Public Law 115-10; 51 U.S.C.
    20301 note) is amended--
                (1) in subsection (c)(3)--
                        (A) by striking ``EM-1'' and inserting ``Artemis
                    I'';
                        (B) by striking ``EM-2'' and inserting ``Artemis
                    II''; and
                        (C) by striking ``EM-3'' and inserting ``Artemis
                    III''; and
                (2) in subsection (f)(3), by striking ``EM-3'' and
            inserting ``Artemis III''.
        (b) Section 432(b) of the National Aeronautics and Space
    Administration Authorization Act of 2017 (Public Law 115-10; 51 U.S.C.
    20302 note) is amended--
                (1) in paragraph (3)(D)--
                        (A) by striking ``EM-1'' and inserting ``Artemis
                    I''; and
                        (B) by striking ``EM-2'' and inserting ``Artemis
                    II''; and
                (2) in paragraph (4)(C), by striking ``EM-3'' and inserting
            ``Artemis III''.

                              Subtitle B--Science

    SEC. 10821. SCIENCE PRIORITIES.

        (a) Sense of Congress on Science Portfolio.--It is the sense of
    Congress that--
                (1) a balanced and adequately funded set of activities,
            consisting of research and analysis grant programs, technology
            development, suborbital research activities, and small, medium,
            and large space missions, contributes to a robust and
            productive science program and serves as a catalyst for
            innovation and discovery; and
                (2) the Research and Analysis programs funded by the
            Science Mission Directorate are critically important for--
                        (A) preparing the next generation of space and
                    Earth scientists;
                        (B) pursuing peer-reviewed cutting-edge research;
                        (C) maximizing scientific return from the
                    Administration's space and Earth science missions; and
                        (D) developing innovative techniques and future
                    mission concepts.
        (b) Goal.--The Administrator shall pursue the goal of establishing
    annual funding for Research and Analysis in the Science Mission
    Directorate that reaches a level of not less than 10 percent of the
    total annual funding of relevant divisions of the Science Mission
    Directorate by fiscal year 2025.

    SEC. 10822. SEARCH FOR LIFE.

        (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
                (1) the report entitled ``An Astrobiology Strategy for the
            Search for Life in the Universe'' published by the National
            Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine outlines key
            scientific questions and methods on the search for the origin,
            evolution, distribution, and future of life in the universe;
            and
                (2) the interaction of lifeforms with their environment, a
            central focus of astrobiology research, is a topic of broad
            significance to life sciences research in space and on Earth.
        (b) Program Continuation.--
                (1) In general.--The Administrator shall continue to
            implement a collaborative, multidisciplinary science and
            technology development program to search for evidence of the
            existence or historical existence of life beyond Earth in
            support of--
                        (A) the scientific priorities of the most recent
                    decadal surveys on planetary science and astrobiology
                    and astronomy and astrophysics of the National
                    Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine; and
                        (B) the objective described in section 20102(d)(10)
                    of title 51, United States Code.
                (2) Element.--The program under paragraph (1) shall include
            activities relating to astronomy, biology, geology, and
            planetary science.
                (3) Coordination with life sciences program.--In carrying
            out the program under paragraph (1), the Administrator shall
            coordinate efforts with the life sciences program of the
            Administration.
                (4) Instrumentation and sensor technology.--In carrying out
            the program under paragraph (1), the Administrator may invest
            in the development of new instrumentation and sensor
            technology.
                (5) Technosignatures.--In carrying out the program under
            paragraph (1), the Administrator may support, as appropriate,
            merit-reviewed, competitively selected research on
            technosignatures.

    SEC. 10823. NEXT GENERATION OF ASTROPHYSICS GREAT OBSERVATORIES.

        (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
                (1) NASA's Great Observatories, a suite of space-based
            telescopes launched over the course of 2 decades and comprised
            of the Hubble Space Telescope, Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory,
            Chandra X-Ray Observatory, and Spitzer Space Telescope, have
            enabled major scientific advances across a broad range of
            astrophysics disciplines, including with respect to the origins
            of planets, the formation and evolution of stars and galaxies,
            fundamental physics, and the structure of the universe;
                (2) the decadal survey of the National Academies of
            Science, Engineering, and Medicine entitled ``Pathways to
            Discovery in Astronomy and Astrophysics for the 2020s''
            recommends a vision to understand the relationships between
            stars and the bodies that orbit them by ``looking'' at the
            universe through a range of observations, including radio,
            optical, gamma rays, neutrinos, and gravitational waves, in
            order to understand the origin and evolution of galaxies;
                (3) the United States and NASA are uniquely poised--
                        (A) to lead the world in the implementation of the
                    next generation of Great Observatories, as recommended
                    in such decadal survey, including implementation of an
                    observatory to search for biosignatures of exoplanets
                    in the habitable zone;
                        (B) to address the most compelling scientific
                    questions of the next decade; and
                        (C) to transform not only our understanding of the
                    universe and the processes and physical paradigms that
                    govern the universe, but also the place of humanity in
                    the universe;
                (4) the Administrator should pursue an ambitious
            astrophysics program that meets the scientific vision of the
            astronomical community and the transformative capacity of
            technological innovation; and
                (5) in implementing astrophysics research, in order to
            avoid the major growth in the cost of astrophysics flagship-
            class missions that has the potential to impact the overall
            portfolio balance of the Science Mission Directorate, the
            Administrator should seek to implement lessons learned from
            previous astrophysics missions, including by--
                        (A) establishing sufficient cost and schedule
                    reserves;
                        (B) demonstrating in advance of preliminary design
                    review, as practicable and appropriate, the maturity of
                    necessary technologies through prototype demonstrations
                    in a relevant environment;
                        (C) providing for regular updates to the cost,
                    schedule, and risk of a project; and
                        (D) considering, as feasible, the impacts of cost
                    and schedule changes across the Science Mission
                    Directorate.
        (b) Nancy Grace Roman Telescope.--
                (1) In general.--The Administrator shall continue
            development of the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope (commonly
            known as the ``Roman telescope'' and formerly known as the
            ``Wide Field Infrared Survey Telescope'') in the configuration
            established through critical design review, to meet the
            objectives prioritized in the 2010 decadal survey of astronomy
            and astrophysics of the National Academies of Sciences,
            Engineering, and Medicine.
                (2) Cost and schedule.--Section 30104 of title 51, United
            States Code shall apply to the development of the Roman
            telescope under paragraph (1).
                (3) Quarterly reports.--Not less frequently than quarterly,
            the Administrator shall submit to the appropriate committees of
            Congress a report on the progress of the development of the
            Roman telescope and the budget profile and schedule relative to
            the baseline plan for such development.

    SEC. 10824. EARTH SCIENCE MISSIONS AND PROGRAMS.

        (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
                (1) the Earth science and applications program of the
            Administration provides increasingly valuable data for natural
            resource management, agriculture, forestry, food security, air
            quality monitoring, and many other application areas; and
                (2) a robust and balanced Earth science and applications
            program contributes significantly to--
                        (A) the scientific discovery and economic growth of
                    the United States; and
                        (B) supporting the health and safety of the people
                    of the United States and the citizens of the world.
        (b) Reaffirmation.--Congress reaffirms the goal for the
    Administration's Earth science and applications program set forth in
    section 60501 of title 51, United States Code, which states: ``The goal
    for the Administration's Earth Science program shall be to pursue a
    program of Earth observations, research, and applications activities to
    better understand the Earth, how it supports life, and how human
    activities affect its ability to do so in the future. In pursuit of
    this goal, the Administration's Earth Science program shall ensure that
    securing practical benefits for society will be an important measure of
    its success in addition to securing new knowledge about the Earth
    system and climate change. In further pursuit of this goal, the
    Administration shall, together with the National Oceanic and
    Atmospheric Administration and other relevant agencies, provide United
    States leadership in developing and carrying out a cooperative
    international Earth observations-based research program.''.
        (c) Earth Science Missions and Programs.--With respect to the
    missions and programs of the Earth Science Division, the Administrator
    shall, to the maximum extent practicable, follow the recommendations
    and guidance provided by the scientific community through the decadal
    survey for Earth science and applications from space of the National
    Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, including--
                (1) the science priorities described in such survey;
                (2) the execution of the series of existing or previously
            planned observations (commonly known as the ``program of
            record''); and
                (3) the development of a range of missions of all classes,
            including opportunities for principal investigator-led,
            competitively selected missions.
        (d) Earth System Observatory.--The Administrator shall pursue an
    Earth System Observatory, which shall consist of an array of new and
    complementary Earth-observing scientific satellites, instruments, and
    missions--
                (1) to address the recommendations of the 2018 Earth
            science and applications decadal survey of the National
            Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine entitled
            ``Thriving on our Changing Planet'', including by conducting
            priority observations in--
                        (A) aerosols;
                        (B) cloud convection and precipitation;
                        (C) mass change;
                        (D) surface biology and geology;
                        (E) surface deformation and change; and
                        (F) other observation areas designated as high-
                    priority by such decadal survey; and
                (2) to achieve the goal of the Earth Science Program set
            forth in section 60501 of title 51, United States Code.
        (e) Survey of Use of Earth Observation Data by States, Tribes, and
    Territories.--
                (1) Survey.--The Administrator shall arrange for the
            conduct of a survey of the use of NASA Earth observation data
            by States, Tribal organizations, and territories.
                (2) Submission.--Not later than 18 months after the date of
            the enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall submit to
            the appropriate committees of Congress the results of the
            survey conducted under paragraph (1).
        (f) Climate Architecture Plan.--The Administrator shall--
                (1) maintain a comprehensive, strategic Climate
            Architecture Plan for Earth Observations and Applications from
            Space that describes an integrated and balanced program of
            Earth science and applications observations to advance science,
            policy, and applications and societal benefits; and
                (2) update such plan every 5 years so as to align with the
            release of the decadal surveys in Earth science and
            applications from space and the mid-decade assessments of the
            National Academics of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine.

    SEC. 10825. PLANETARY DEFENSE COORDINATION OFFICE.

        (a) Findings.--Congress makes the following findings:
                (1) Near-Earth objects remain a threat to the United
            States.
                (2) Section 321(d)(1) of the National Aeronautics and Space
            Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (Public Law 109-155;
            119 Stat. 2922; 51 U.S.C. 71101 note prec.), established a
            requirement that the Administrator plan, develop, and implement
            a Near-Earth Object Survey program to detect, track, catalogue,
            and characterize the physical characteristics of near-Earth
            objects equal to, or greater than, 140 meters in diameter in
            order to assess the threat of such near-Earth objects to the
            Earth, with the goal of 90 percent completion of the catalogue
            of such near-Earth objects by December 30, 2020.
                (3) The goal described in paragraph (2) has not be met.
                (4) The report of the National Academies of Sciences,
            Engineering, and Medicine entitled ``Finding Hazardous
            Asteroids Using Infrared and Visible Wavelength Telescopes'',
            issued in 2019, states that--
                        (A) NASA should develop and launch a dedicated
                    space-based infrared survey telescope to meet the
                    requirements of section 321(d)(1) of the National
                    Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act
                    of 2005 (Public Law 109-155; 119 Stat. 2922; 51 U.S.C.
                    71101 note prec.); and
                        (B) the early detection of potentially hazardous
                    near-Earth objects enabled by a space-based infrared
                    survey telescope is important to enable deflection of a
                    dangerous asteroid.
        (b) Maintenance of Planetary Defense Coordination Office.--The
    Administrator shall maintain an office within the Planetary Science
    Division of the Science Mission Directorate, to be known as the
    ``Planetary Defense Coordination Office''--
                (1) to plan, develop, and implement a program to survey
            threats posed by near-Earth objects equal to or greater than
            140 meters in diameter, as required by section 321(d)(1) of the
            National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act
            of 2005 (Public Law 109-155; 119 Stat. 2922; 51 U.S.C. 71101
            note prec.);
                (2) identify, track, and characterize potentially hazardous
            near-Earth objects, issue warnings of the effects of potential
            impacts of such objects, and investigate strategies and
            technologies for mitigating the potential impacts of such
            objects; and
                (3) assist in coordinating government planning for response
            to a potential impact of a near-Earth object.
        (c) Dedicated Survey Mission.--
                (1) Sense of congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
                        (A) the Near-Earth Object Surveyor mission, as
                    designed, is anticipated to make significant progress
                    toward carrying out congressional policy and direction,
                    as set forth in section 321(d)(1) of the National
                    Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act
                    of 2005 (Public Law 109-155; 119 Stat. 2922; 51 U.S.C.
                    71101 note prec.), to detect 90 percent of near-Earth
                    objects equal to, or greater than, 140 meters in
                    diameter; and
                        (B) the Administrator should prioritize the public
                    safety role of the Near-Earth Object Surveyor mission
                    and should not delay the development and launch of the
                    mission due to cost growth on other planetary science
                    missions.
                (2) Continuation of mission.--
                        (A) In general.--The Administrator shall continue
                    the development of a dedicated space-based infrared
                    survey telescope mission, known as the ``Near-Earth
                    Object Surveyor'', on a schedule to achieve a launch-
                    readiness date not later than March 30, 2026, or the
                    earliest practicable date, for the purpose of
                    accomplishing the objectives set forth in section
                    321(d)(1) of the National Aeronautics and Space
                    Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (Public Law
                    109-155; 119 Stat. 2922; 51 U.S.C. 71101 note prec.).
                        (B) Consideration of recommendations.--The design
                    of the mission described in subparagraph (A) shall take
                    into account the recommendations of the 2019 report of
                    the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and
                    Medicine entitled ``Finding Hazardous Asteroids Using
                    Infrared and Visible Wavelength Telescopes'', the
                    planetary science decadal survey, and the 2018 United
                    States National Near-Earth Object Preparedness Strategy
                    and Action Plan.
        (d) Annual Report.--Section 321(f) of the National Aeronautics and
    Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (Public Law 109-155; 119
    Stat. 2922; 51 U.S.C. 71101 note prec.) is amended to read as follows:
        ``(f) Annual Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the
    enactment of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration
    Authorization Act of 2022 and annually thereafter through 90-percent
    completion of the catalogue required by subsection (d)(1), the
    Administrator shall submit to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and
    Transportation of the Senate and the Committee on Science, Space, and
    Technology of the House of Representatives a report that includes the
    following:
                ``(1) A summary of all activities carried out by the
            Planetary Defense Coordination Office established under section
            10825 of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration
            Authorization Act of 2022 since the date of enactment of that
            Act.
                ``(2) A description of the progress with respect to the
            design, development, and launch of the space-based infrared
            survey telescope required by section 10825(c) of the National
            Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2022.
                ``(3) An assessment of the progress toward meeting the
            requirements under subsection (d)(1).
                ``(4) A description of the status of efforts to coordinate
            and cooperate with other countries to detect hazardous
            asteroids and comets, plan a mitigation strategy, and implement
            that strategy in the event of the discovery of an object on a
            likely collision course with Earth.
                ``(5) A summary of expenditures for all activities carried
            out by the Planetary Defense Coordination Office since the date
            of enactment of the National Aeronautics and Space
            Administration Authorization Act of 2022''.
        (e) Near-earth Object Defined.--In this section, the term ``near-
    Earth object'' has the meaning given the term in section 321(c) of the
    National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005
    (Public Law 109-155; 119 Stat. 2922; 51 U.S.C. 71101 note prec.).

                            Subtitle C--Aeronautics

    SEC. 10831. EXPERIMENTAL AIRCRAFT PROJECTS.

        (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
                (1) developing high-risk, precompetitive aerospace
            technologies for which there is not yet a profit rationale is a
            fundamental role of the Administration;
                (2) large-scale flight test experimentation and validation
            are necessary for--
                        (A) transitioning new technologies and materials,
                    including associated manufacturing processes, for
                    aviation and aeronautics use; and
                        (B) capturing the full extent of benefits from
                    investments made by the Aeronautics Research Mission
                    Directorate; and
                (3) a level of funding that adequately supports large-scale
            flight test experimentation and validation, including related
            infrastructure, should be ensured over a sustained period of
            time to restore the capacity of the Administration--
                        (A) to see legacy priority programs through to
                    completion; and
                        (B) to achieve national economic and security
                    objectives.
        (b) Statement of Policy.--It is the policy of the United States--
                (1) to maintain world leadership in--
                        (A) civilian aeronautical science and technology;
                    and
                        (B) aerospace industrialization; and
                (2) to maintain as a fundamental objective of the
            aeronautics research of the Administration the steady
            progression and expansion of flight research and capabilities,
            including the science and technology of critical underlying
            disciplines and competencies, such as--
                        (A) computational-based analytical and predictive
                    tools and methodologies;
                        (B) aerothermodynamics;
                        (C) propulsion;
                        (D) advanced materials and manufacturing processes;
                        (E) high-temperature structures and materials; and
                        (F) guidance, navigation, and flight controls.
        (c) Experimental Aircraft Flight Demonstrations.--
                (1) In general.--In meeting the objectives described in
            subsection (b), the Administrator shall carry out experimental
            aircraft demonstrations, including--
                        (A) a subsonic demonstrator to demonstrate the
                    performance and feasibility of advanced, ultra-
                    efficient, and low emissions subsonic flight
                    demonstrator configurations;
                        (B) a low boom flight demonstrator to validate
                    design tools and technologies that can be applied to
                    low sonic boom commercial supersonic aircraft and
                    support the development of a noise-based standard for
                    supersonic overland flight; and
                        (C) a flight research demonstrator to test the
                    performance and feasibility of advanced, ultra-
                    efficient and net-zero emissions aircraft concepts and
                    configurations.
                (2) Elements.--For each demonstration under paragraph (1),
            the Administrator shall--
                        (A) include the development of experimental
                    aircraft and all necessary supporting flight test
                    assets;
                        (B) pursue a robust technology maturation and
                    flight test validation effort;
                        (C) improve necessary facilities, flight testing
                    capabilities, and computational tools to support the
                    demonstration;
                        (D) award any primary contracts for design,
                    procurement, and manufacturing to United States
                    persons, consistent with international obligations and
                    commitments; and
                        (E) coordinate research and flight test
                    demonstration activities with other Federal agencies
                    and the United States aviation community, as the
                    Administrator considers appropriate.
                (3) United states person defined.--In this subsection, the
            term ``United States person'' means--
                        (A) a United States citizen or an alien lawfully
                    admitted for permanent residence to the United States;
                    or
                        (B) an entity organized under the laws of the
                    United States or of any jurisdiction within the United
                    States, including a foreign branch of such an entity.
        (d) Collaboration With Industry and Academia.--The Administration
    shall seek means to expand collaboration with industry and academia on
    basic research and technology development related to experimental
    aircraft, and on the experimental aircraft demonstrations required by
    subsection (c).
        (e) Advanced Materials and Manufacturing Technology Program.--
                (1) In general.--The Administrator may establish an
            advanced materials and manufacturing technology program--
                        (A) to develop--
                                (i) new materials, including composite and
                            high-temperature materials, from base material
                            formulation through full-scale structural
                            validation and manufacture;
                                (ii) advanced materials and manufacturing
                            processes, including additive manufacturing, to
                            reduce the cost of manufacturing scale-up and
                            certification for use in aeronautics; and
                                (iii) noninvasive or nondestructive
                            techniques for testing or evaluating aviation
                            and aeronautics structures, including for
                            materials and manufacturing processes;
                        (B) to reduce the time it takes to design,
                    industrialize, and certify advanced materials and
                    manufacturing processes;
                        (C) to provide education and training opportunities
                    for the aerospace workforce; and
                        (D) to address global cost and human capital
                    competitiveness for United States aeronautical
                    industries and technological leadership in advanced
                    materials and manufacturing technology.
                (2) Elements.--In carrying out a program under paragraph
            (1), the Administrator may--
                        (A) build on work that was carried out by the
                    Advanced Composites Project of the Administration;
                        (B) partner with the private and academic sectors,
                    such as members of the Advanced Composites Consortium
                    of the Administration, the Joint Advanced Materials and
                    Structures Center of Excellence of the Federal Aviation
                    Administration, the Manufacturing USA institutes of the
                    Department of Commerce, and national laboratories, as
                    the Administrator considers appropriate;
                        (C) provide a structure for managing intellectual
                    property generated by the program based on or
                    consistent with the structure established for the
                    Advanced Composites Consortium of the Administration;
                        (D) ensure adequate Federal cost share for
                    applicable research; and
                        (E) coordinate with advanced manufacturing and
                    composites initiatives in other mission directorates of
                    the Administration, as the Administrator considers
                    appropriate.
        (f) Research Partnerships.--In carrying out the demonstrations
    under subsection (c) and a program under subsection (e), the
    Administrator may engage in cooperative research programs with--
                (1) academia; and
                (2) commercial aviation and aerospace manufacturers.

    SEC. 10832. UNMANNED AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS.

        (a) Unmanned Aircraft Systems Operation Program.--The Administrator
    shall--
                (1) research and test capabilities and concepts, including
            unmanned aircraft systems communications, for integrating
            unmanned aircraft systems into the national airspace system;
                (2) leverage the partnership NASA has with industry focused
            on the advancement of technologies for future air traffic
            management systems for unmanned aircraft systems; and
                (3) continue to leverage the research and testing portfolio
            of NASA to inform the integration of unmanned aircraft systems
            into the national airspace system, consistent with public
            safety and national security objectives.
        (b) Sense of Congress on Coordination With Federal Aviation
    Administration.--It is the sense of Congress that--
                (1) NASA should continue--
                        (A) to coordinate with the Federal Aviation
                    Administration on research on air traffic management
                    systems for unmanned aircraft systems; and
                        (B) to assist the Federal Aviation Administration
                    in the integration of air traffic management systems
                    for unmanned aircraft systems into the national
                    airspace system; and
                (2) the test ranges (as defined in section 44801 of title
            49, United States Code) should continue to be leveraged for
            research on--
                        (A) air traffic management systems for unmanned
                    aircraft systems; and
                        (B) the integration of such systems into the
                    national airspace system.

    SEC. 10833. CLEANER, QUIETER AIRPLANES.

        (a) Initiative Required.--Section 40112 of title 51, United States
    Code, is amended--
                (1) by redesignating subsections (b) through (f) as
            subsections (c) through (g), respectively; and
                (2) by inserting after subsection (a) the following:
        ``(b) Research and Development Initiative on Reduction of
    Greenhouse Gas and Noise Emissions From Aircraft.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Administrator shall establish an
            initiative to research, develop, and demonstrate new
            technologies and concepts--
                        ``(A) to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from
                    aviation, including carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides,
                    other greenhouse gases, water vapor, black carbon and
                    sulfate aerosols, and increased cloudiness due to
                    contrail formation;
                        ``(B) to reduce aviation noise emissions; and
                        ``(C) to enable associated aircraft performance
                    characteristics.
                ``(2) Goals.--The goals of the initiative required by
            paragraph (1) shall be--
                        ``(A) to ensure United States leadership in
                    research and technology innovation leading to
                    substantial reductions in aviation noise and greenhouse
                    gas emissions;
                        ``(B) to enhance and expand basic research, and the
                    translation of basic research into applications, that
                    may lead to transformational advances in reducing
                    aviation noise and greenhouse gas emissions;
                        ``(C) to accelerate research and development that
                    contributes to maturing new technologies for reducing
                    aircraft noise and greenhouse gas emissions; and
                        ``(D) to obtain and disseminate associated testing
                    and performance data that facilitates the incorporation
                    of new technologies into commercial aircraft
                    development as soon as practicable.
                ``(3) Objectives.--The objectives of the initiative
            established under paragraph (1) and the goals described in
            paragraph (2) shall include--
                        ``(A) as soon as practicable, a reduction of
                    greenhouse gas emissions from new aircraft by at least
                    50 percent, as compared to the highest-performing
                    aircraft technologies in service as of December 31,
                    2021;
                        ``(B) noise levels from aircraft throughout all
                    phases of flight that do not exceed ambient noise
                    levels in the absence of flight operations in the
                    vicinity of the flight route;
                        ``(C) net-zero greenhouse gas emissions from
                    aircraft by 2050; and
                        ``(D) demonstration of new technologies developed
                    pursuant to such initiative on--
                                ``(i) regional aircraft intended to enter
                            into service by 2030; and
                                ``(ii) single-aisle aircraft designed to
                            accommodate more than 125 passengers intended
                            to enter into service by 2040.''.
        (b) Technology Focus Areas.--In carrying out the research and
    development initiative established under section 40112(b) of title 51,
    United States Code, the Administrator shall advance research,
    development, and demonstration projects on promising technologies such
    as--
                (1) advanced subsonic propulsion technology, design, and
            integration;
                (2) electric and hybrid-electric propulsion, including
            battery electric and hydrogen fuel cell electric systems;
                (3) airframe concepts and configurations;
                (4) analysis of technology options, including cost-benefit
            analysis of greenhouse gas and noise emissions reduction
            technologies;
                (5) analytical tools for system-level and system-of-
            systems-level modeling and integration;
                (6) airspace operations improvements;
                (7) noise emissions reduction; and
                (8) any other effort, as determined by the Administration,
            that contributes to a sustainable future for aviation.
        (c) Implementation.--In implementing the initiative established
    under section 40112(b) of title 51, United States Code, the
    Administrator shall, to the extent practicable--
                (1) ensure that testing and performance data integrates the
            results of community acceptance surveys conducted by the
            Federal Aviation Administration and other relevant studies,
            including studies on the impacts of new noise effects from
            novel propulsion systems and from airspace operations changes;
                (2) provide testing and performance data on the
            technologies described in subsection (b) of this section to the
            Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration to
            facilitate the work of the Federal Aviation Administration in
            identifying new requirements for policy, infrastructure, and
            administrative capacity necessary to enable the safe
            integration of such technologies on aircraft;
                (3) pursue partnerships with organizations, current
            commercial production aircraft providers, academic
            institutions, small businesses, and new entrants, including
            partnerships to advance research and development activities
            related to both regional aircraft and aircraft designed to
            accommodate more than 125 passengers;
                (4) include universities, academic institutions, and other
            research organizations in the partnerships described in
            paragraph (3);
                (5) expand basic research;
                (6) ensure equity in research sponsorship of, and
            partnership opportunities with, underrepresented students,
            faculty, and minority-serving-institutions;
                (7) continue to coordinate with the Secretary of Energy on
            battery technology research;
                (8) make available the research and development carried out
            under the initiative established under subsection (b) of
            section 40112 of title 51, United States Code, to help enable
            an industry-wide shift toward aircraft concepts that reduce
            greenhouse gas emissions and aircraft noise to achieve the
            goals and objectives under paragraphs (2) and (3) of that
            subsection; and
                (9) continue to support research, development, and
            demonstration of aircraft concepts, including systems
            architecture, materials and components, integration of systems
            and airframe structures, human factors, airspace planning and
            operations, and the integration of related advanced
            technologies and concepts, with the goal of carrying out test
            flights with integrated subsystems by 2025.
        (d) Annual Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the
    enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter, the Administrator shall
    submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a report on the
    progress of the efforts carried out under the initiative established
    under subsection (b) of section 40112 of title 51, United States Code,
    including--
                (1) the status of progress on such initiative;
                (2) an updated, anticipated timeframe for readiness of
            technologies and aircraft to be adopted by industry with the
            emissions reduction levels directed under that subsection; and
                (3) an identification of fundamental aeronautics research
            activities contributing to achieving the goals and objectives
            of such initiative, as described in paragraphs (2) and (3) of
            that subsection, and a description of any obstacles to
            achieving such goals and objectives.

                          Subtitle D--Space Technology

    SEC. 10841. SPACE NUCLEAR CAPABILITIES.

        (a) Nuclear Propulsion.--
                (1) Use in robotic and human exploration activities.--The
            Administrator, in collaboration with other relevant Federal
            agencies and with industry, shall take all necessary steps to
            carry out research and development, ground-based testing and
            in-space testing, and other associated activities to enable the
            use of space nuclear propulsion in Administration robotic and
            human exploration activities, including in cargo missions to
            Mars in the late 2020's and crewed missions to Mars in the
            2030's.
                (2) Space nuclear propulsion program.--
                        (A) In general.--The Administrator shall establish
                    a space nuclear propulsion program to carry out the
                    activities described in paragraph (1).
                        (B) Elements.--The program established under
                    subparagraph (A) shall include the following:
                                (i) Research and development in both
                            nuclear electric and nuclear thermal propulsion
                            technology maturation efforts, to the extent
                            practicable, and the development of consistent
                            figures of merit across both nuclear electric
                            and nuclear thermal systems, as recommended by
                            the National Academies of Sciences,
                            Engineering, and Medicine in the report
                            entitled ``Space Nuclear Propulsion for Human
                            Mars Exploration'', so as to inform a down-
                            selection of a nuclear electric or nuclear
                            thermal propulsion system by 2026, or as early
                            as practicable.
                                (ii) Ground-based testing, to the extent
                            practicable, including not less than 1 ground-
                            based test of a full-scale, integrated nuclear
                            propulsion system before any in-space test or
                            demonstration of such system.
                                (iii) In-space demonstration of a nuclear
                            propulsion system in the late 2020's, which may
                            be carried out as a cargo mission to Mars.
                (3) Plan.--
                        (A) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the
                    date of the enactment of this Act, the Administrator
                    shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress
                    a plan to achieve an in-space flight test of a nuclear
                    propulsion system that could support the first crewed
                    mission to Mars in the 2030's.
                        (B) Elements.--The plan required by subparagraph
                    (A) shall include the following:
                                (i) A timeline to mature enabling
                            technologies and an outline of major milestones
                            for integration of such technologies into the
                            larger nuclear propulsion system.
                                (ii) A cost estimate for maturing such
                            technologies.
                                (iii) A description of facility
                            requirements for the program under paragraph
                            (2) associated with such technologies.
                                (iv) A description of the manner in which
                            the Administrator will use the efforts
                            described in paragraph (2)(B) to determine
                            whether the in-space flight test should
                            demonstrate a nuclear electric propulsion
                            system or a nuclear thermal propulsion system.
                        (C) An identification of any policy or regulatory
                    challenges or barriers to conducting such in-space test
                    or any precursor ground-based testing, and a
                    description of options for addressing such challenges
                    or barriers.
        (b) Nuclear Surface Power Program.--
                (1) Establishment.--The Administrator shall establish a
            program for research, testing, and development of a space
            nuclear surface power reactor design.
                (2) Plan.--
                        (A) In general.--The Administrator shall--
                                (i) develop a plan and timeline for the
                            program established under paragraph (1), taking
                            into consideration mission needs; and
                                (ii) include in such plan opportunities for
                            participation by United States commercial
                            entities.
                        (B) Submission.--Not later than 1 year after the
                    date of the enactment of this Act, the Administrator
                    shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress
                    the plan developed under subparagraph (A).
        (c) Assessment of In-space Propulsion Testing Facilities.--
                (1) In general.--The Administrator shall carry out a needs
            assessment for facilities and technical capabilities required
            to support ground-based testing of a full-scale, full-power
            integrated nuclear propulsion system.
                (2) Element.--The assessment required by paragraph (1)
            shall consider the potential development of facilities that
            will support long-term research and development of space
            nuclear propulsion systems.
                (3) Report.--Not later than 270 days after the date of the
            enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall submit to the
            appropriate committees of Congress a report on the results of
            the assessment carried out under paragraph (1).

    SEC. 10842. PRIORITIZATION OF LOW-ENRICHED URANIUM TECHNOLOGY.

        (a) In General.--The Administrator shall prioritize the use of low-
    enriched uranium, including high-assay low-enriched uranium, for space
    nuclear research and development, including ground and in-space testing
    and other related demonstration activities carried out under this
    title.
        (b) Interagency Collaboration.--The Administrator shall, to the
    extent practicable, collaborate and coordinate with the Secretary of
    Defense, the Secretary of Energy, and the heads of other relevant
    Federal agencies on technology development, knowledge exchange, lessons
    learned regarding nuclear power and propulsion technologies, common
    fuels, flight demonstrations, and operational systems production for
    space applications.
        (c) Report on Nuclear Technology Prioritization.--Not later than
    120 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Administrator
    shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a report that
    details the actions taken and planned, including a timeline for such
    actions, to implement subsection (a).

                          Subtitle E--STEM Engagement

    SEC. 10851. OFFICE OF STEM ENGAGEMENT.

        (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that NASA's
    inspiring mission, specialized facilities, skilled engineering and
    scientific workforce, and research activities present unique
    opportunities for inspiring public engagement in STEM and increasing
    the number of students pursuing STEM degrees and careers.
        (b) Establishment.--The Administrator shall establish an Office of
    STEM Engagement (referred to in this section as the ``Office'') for the
    purpose of advancing progress toward the STEM education goals of the
    United States by enhancing STEM literacy, increasing diversity, equity,
    and inclusion in STEM, and preparing the STEM workforce for the future.
        (c) Responsibilities.--The Office established shall be responsible
    for coordinating efforts and activities among organizations across the
    Administration, including NASA headquarters, mission directorates, and
    NASA centers, designed--
                (1) to create unique opportunities for students and the
            public to learn from and contribute to the work of NASA in
            exploration and discovery;
                (2) to contribute to the growth of a diverse STEM
            workforce; and
                (3) to strengthen public understanding of science by
            enabling connections to the mission and work of NASA.
        (d) Portfolio.--The Office shall coordinate and administer--
                (1) the National Space Grant College and Fellowship Program
            under chapter 403 of title 51 United States Code;
                (2) the Established Program to Stimulate Competitive
            Research under section 40903 of title 51 United States Code;
                (3) the Minority University Research and Education Project;
                (4) the NextGen STEM Project; and
                (5) any other program or activity the Administrator
            considers appropriate.
        (e) Technical Amendments.--Section 40903 of title 51, United States
    Code, is amended--
                (1) in the section heading, by striking ``Experimental''
            and inserting ``Established''; and
                (2) in subsection (a), by striking ``Experimental'' and
            inserting ``Established''.

                           Subtitle F--Miscellaneous

    SEC. 10861. PROGRAM, WORKFORCE, AND INDUSTRIAL BASE REVIEWS.

        (a) Report on Industrial Base for Civil Space Missions and
    Operations.--
                (1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of
            the enactment of this Act, and from time to time thereafter,
            the Administrator shall submit to the appropriate committees of
            Congress a report on the United States industrial base for NASA
            civil space missions and operations.
                (2) Elements.--The report required by paragraph (1) shall
            include the following:
                        (A) A comprehensive description of the current
                    status of the United States industrial base for NASA
                    civil space missions and operations.
                        (B) A description and assessment of the weaknesses
                    in the supply chain, skills, manufacturing capacity,
                    raw materials, key components, and other areas of the
                    United States industrial base for NASA civil space
                    missions and operations that could adversely impact
                    such missions and operations if unavailable.
                        (C) A description and assessment of various
                    mechanisms to address and mitigate the weaknesses
                    described pursuant to subparagraph (B).
                        (D) A comprehensive list of the collaborative
                    efforts, including future and proposed collaborative
                    efforts, between NASA and the Manufacturing USA
                    institutes of the Department of Commerce.
                        (E) An assessment of--
                                (i) the defense and aerospace manufacturing
                            supply chains relevant to NASA in each region
                            of the United States; and
                                (ii) the feasibility and benefits of
                            establishing a supply chain center of
                            excellence in a State in which NASA does not,
                            as of the date of the enactment of this Act,
                            have a research center or test facility.
                        (F) Such other matters relating to the United
                    States industrial base for NASA civil space missions
                    and operations as the Administrator considers
                    appropriate.
        (b) Workforce and Modeling and Test Facilities.--
                (1) Review.--
                        (A) In general.--The Administrator shall enter into
                    an arrangement with the National Academies of Sciences,
                    Engineering, and Medicine to carry out a comprehensive
                    review of the workforce, skills-base, and modeling and
                    test facilities of the Administration.
                        (B) Elements.--The review conducted under
                    subparagraph (A) shall include the following:
                                (i) A consideration of the use of emerging
                            technologies in relevant engineering and
                            science disciplines and the skills needed to
                            apply such capabilities to Administration
                            missions across all mission directorates.
                                (ii) Prioritized recommendations on actions
                            needed to align the Administration's workforce
                            with research objectives and strategic goals
                            and on the improvements and additions to
                            modeling capabilities and test facilities
                            needed to meet the Administration's strategic
                            goals and objectives.
                        (C) Report.--Not later than 18 months after the
                    date of the enactment of this Act, the Administrator
                    shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress
                    report on the results of the review conducted under
                    subparagraph (A).
                (2) Implementation plan.--Not later than 120 days after the
            date on which the review under paragraph (1) is completed, the
            Administrator shall submit to the appropriate committees of
            Congress a plan for implementing the recommendations contained
            the review.
                (3) Report on nasa infrastructure, workforce skills and
            capabilities.--
                        (A) Policy and procedure.--
                                (i) In general.--The Administrator shall
                            develop an Administration policy and procedure
                            for assessment, not less frequently than every
                            5 years, of the strategic capabilities of the
                            Administration, including infrastructure and
                            facilities, and workforce skills and
                            capabilities.
                                (ii) Elements.--The policy and procedure
                            developed under clause (i) shall include
                            acquiring data and support for Administration
                            decisions and recommendations on strategic
                            capabilities, including on infrastructure and
                            facilities, and workforce skills and
                            capabilities needed to support the goals and
                            objectives of the Administration through 2040.
                        (B) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date
                    of the enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall
                    submit the policy and procedure developed under
                    subparagraph (A) to the appropriate committees of
                    Congress.
                (4) Independent program analysis and evaluation office.--
                        (A) Establishment.--The Administrator shall
                    establish within NASA an Independent Program Analysis
                    and Evaluation Office (referred to in this paragraph as
                    the ``Office'') for purposes of independently assessing
                    program performance, making programmatic, technical
                    risk mitigation and institutional recommendations,
                    performing cost estimates and analyses, and conducting
                    strategic planning activities, among other functions.
                        (B) Independence.--The Office shall remain
                    independent of any program, and shall have no
                    programmatic responsibilities, so as to maintain its
                    independent assessment integrity.
                        (C) Activities authorized.--In conducting the
                    functions of the Office, the Administrator may carry
                    out--
                                (i) research on program assessment;
                                (ii) cost, schedule, and technical
                            estimation; and
                                (iii) other relevant activities for the
                            purposes of obtaining the highest level of
                            expertise and the most effective decision-
                            making tools with which to inform the
                            Administrator.
                        (D) Moon to mars activities.--The Office shall
                    maintain an ongoing, focused effort to assess the
                    goals, objectives, requirements, architectural
                    approach, cost and schedule, and progress of the
                    Administration's Moon to Mars activities.
                (5) International space station.--Not later than 1 year
            after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Administrator
            shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress the
            results of an independent estimate by the Office of the cost of
            continuing International Space Station operations through
            September 30, 2030, including--
                        (A) crew and cargo transportation, research to be
                    undertaken reflecting the priorities described in
                    section 10816, and maintenance costs; and
                        (B) opportunities for operational efficiencies that
                    could result in cost savings and increased research
                    productivity and the amount of those potential savings
                    and productivity increases.

    SEC. 10862. MODIFICATION OF LEASE OF NON-EXCESS PROPERTY.

        (a) In General.--Section 20145 of title 51, United States Code, is
    amended in subsection (g), in the first sentence, by striking
    ``December 31, 2022'' and inserting ``December 31, 2032''.
        (b) Reporting Requirements.--Subsection (f) of such section is
    amended by adding at the end the following:
                ``(3) Annual and cumulative number of leases.--The annual
            and cumulative number of leases entered into under this
            section, by National Aeronautics and Space Administration
            center and facility.
                ``(4) Estimated cost savings.--For each active lease
            agreement under this section, the estimated cost savings to the
            Administration resulting from reduced maintenance, operating,
            and associated costs in the previous fiscal year.
                ``(5) Other quantifiable benefits.--Other quantifiable
            benefits, including additional cost savings not included under
            paragraph (4), to the Administration resulting from the use of
            leases under this section.''.
        (c) Report on Requirements.--Such section is further amended--
                (1) by redesignating subsection (g) as subsection (h); and
                (2) by adding after subsection (f) the following:
        ``(g) Report on Enhanced-use Leasing Requirements.--Not later than
    270 days after the date of the enactment of the National Aeronautics
    and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2022, the Administrator
    shall prepare and submit to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and
    Transportation of the Senate and the Committee on Science, Space, and
    Technology of the House of Representatives a report on existing
    requirements for applicants seeking a lease under this section,
    including--
                ``(1) any requirement related to the involvement of foreign
            entities, foreign entity ownership, and foreign entity
            investment; and
                ``(2) at the discretion of the Administrator, any other
            requirement related to the protection and security of
            Administration missions and facilities.''.

       DIVISION C--SUPPLEMENTAL APPROPRIATIONS TO ADDRESS THREATS TO THE
                       SUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED STATES

         The following sums are appropriated, out of any money in the
    Treasury not otherwise appropriated, for the fiscal year ending
    September 30, 2022, and for other purposes, namely:

                                    TITLE I

                             DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE

                         United States Marshals Service

                             salaries and expenses

        For an additional amount for ``Salaries and Expenses'',
    $10,300,000, to remain available until September 30, 2023, for expenses
    necessary to address threats to the Supreme Court of the United States.

                                    TITLE II

                                 THE JUDICIARY

                       Supreme Court of the United States

                             salaries and expenses

        For an additional amount for ``Salaries and Expenses'', $9,100,000,
    to remain available until September 30, 2023, for expenses necessary to
    address threats to the Supreme Court of the United States.

                                   TITLE III

                          GENERAL PROVISIONS--THIS ACT

        Sec. 301.  Each amount appropriated or made available by this Act
    is in addition to amounts otherwise appropriated for the fiscal year
    involved.
        Sec. 302.  No part of any appropriation contained in this Act shall
    remain available for obligation beyond the current fiscal year unless
    expressly so provided herein.
        Sec. 303.  Unless otherwise provided for by this Act, the
    additional amounts appropriated by this Act to appropriations accounts
    shall be available under the authorities and conditions applicable to
    such appropriations accounts for fiscal year 2022.
        Sec. 304.  Each amount provided by this Act is designated by
    Congress as being for an emergency requirement pursuant to section
    4001(a)(1) and section 4001(b) of S. Con. Res. 14 (117th Congress), the
    concurrent resolution on the budget for fiscal year 2022.
         This division may be cited as the ``Supreme Court Security Funding
    Act of 2022''.

                Attest:

                                                                 Secretary.
    117th CONGRESS

      2d Session

                                   H.R. 4346

    _______________________________________________________________________

            SENATE AMENDMENT TO HOUSE AMENDMENT TO SENATE AMENDMENT