[Congressional Bills 117th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 3642 Enrolled Bill (ENR)]
H.R.3642
One Hundred Seventeenth Congress
of the
United States of America
AT THE FIRST SESSION
Begun and held at the City of Washington on Sunday,
the third day of January, two thousand and twenty-one
An Act
To award a Congressional gold medal to the 369th Infantry Regiment,
commonly known as the ``Harlem Hellfighters'', in recognition of their
bravery and outstanding service during World War I.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the
United States of America in Congress assembled,
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
This Act may be cited as the ``Harlem Hellfighters Congressional
Gold Medal Act''.
SEC. 2. FINDINGS.
Congress finds the following:
(1) When the United States officially entered World War I in
April 1917, the Armed Forces were still segregated, even though
African-American soldiers had served and distinguished themselves
in every war since the Revolutionary War, and even the Colonial
Wars preceding the American Revolution.
(2) After several years of advocacy and debate, in 1916 the
State of New York authorized the recruitment of the 15th New York
National Guard Regiment, which was called to Federal service on
July 25, 1917, soon after arriving for training at Camp Whitman,
New York.
(3) The 15th completed its basic military practice training at
Camp Whitman, New York.
(4) To receive combat training, the 15th reported, on October
8, 1917, to Camp Wadsworth, in Spartanburg, South Carolina, where
it experienced many incidents of racial discrimination.
(5) Consequently, the government agreed to remove the 15th from
Camp Wadsworth, but, instead of receiving further training, the
regiment began preparing for deployment to France in November.
(6) The 15th arrived in Saint Nazaire, France, on January 1,
1918, where it was redesignated the 369th Infantry Regiment.
(7) Partly because many White soldiers within the American
Expeditionary Forces (hereinafter, the ``AEF'') refused to perform
combat duty with Black soldiers, members of the 369th were
initially assigned manual labor tasks, such as loading and
unloading supplies, and constructing roads and railroads.
(8) After receiving pressure from the 369th regimental
commander about not having a combat mission, the AEF attached the
369th to the French Fourth Army.
(9) By mid-March of 1918, the 369th went to the Argonne Forest
with the French 16th Division for training and soon entered the
trenches.
(10) The 369th encountered its first German soldiers in combat
in April, 1918.
(11) In May of 1918, Private Henry Johnson of the 369th
received the French Croix de Guerre, with Palm, for extraordinary
valor, becoming one of the first American soldiers to be awarded
this honor.
(12) Johnson also belatedly received a Purple Heart, was
awarded the Distinguished Service Cross, and in, 2015, was awarded
the Medal of Honor.
(13) Throughout the remainder of the spring and into the summer
the 369th served at Minacourt, in the Champagne-Marne Defensive,
and during the Aisne-Marne Offensive in support of the French 161st
Infantry Division.
(14) As summer turned to autumn, the 369th went on to
participate in the Meuse-Argonne offensive, where it captured the
important village of Sechault despite sustaining severe losses.
(15) On October 14, 1918, the 369th advanced to Alsace.
(16) On November 20, 1918, the 369th reached the banks of the
Rhine River as part of the French Army of Occupation, the first
Allied unit to do so.
(17) The 369th was relieved of its assignment with the French
161st Division in December, 1918, and elements of the regiment
sailed for New York in late January and early February, 1919.
(18) The 369th Infantry Regiment received a parade up 5th
Avenue in New York City on February 17, 1919, receiving applause
and cheers from hundreds of thousands of onlookers.
(19) The 369th was demobilized on February 28, 1919.
(20) Over 170 individual members of the 369th received the
Croix de Guerre, many were awarded the Distinguished Service Cross,
and the 369th was awarded a unit citation.
(21) It is generally believed that the 369th was dubbed the
``Harlem Hellfighters'' by German soldiers, who found the men to be
incredibly determined and courageous in battle.
(22) The 369th was the first regiment of African Americans to
deploy overseas during World War I and spent 191 days on the front
line in World War I, more than any other American regimental sized
unit.
(23) The 369th never lost a foot of ground nor had a man taken
prisoner, despite suffering a high number of casualties.
SEC. 3. CONGRESSIONAL GOLD MEDAL.
(a) Award Authorized.--The Speaker of the House of Representatives
and the President pro tempore of the Senate shall make appropriate
arrangements for the award, on behalf of the Congress, of a gold medal
of appropriate design to the 369th Infantry Regiment, commonly known as
the ``Harlem Hellfighters'', in recognition of their bravery and
outstanding service during World War I.
(b) Design and Striking.--For the purposes of the award referred to
in subsection (a), the Secretary of the Treasury shall strike the gold
medal with suitable emblems, devices, and inscriptions, to be
determined by the Secretary.
(c) Smithsonian Institution.--
(1) In general.--Following the award of the gold medal in honor
of the 369th Infantry Regiment, the ``Harlem Hellfighters'', the
gold medal shall be given to the Smithsonian Institution, where it
will be displayed as appropriate and made available for research.
(2) Sense of congress.--It is the sense of Congress that the
Smithsonian Institution should make the gold medal awarded pursuant
to this Act available for display elsewhere, particularly at other
locations associated with the Harlem Hellfighters.
SEC. 4. DUPLICATE MEDALS.
(a) In General.--The Secretary may strike and sell duplicates in
bronze of the gold medal struck under section 3, at a price sufficient
to cover the costs of the bronze medals, including labor, materials,
dies, use of machinery, and overhead expenses.
(b) Proceeds of Sales.--The amounts received from the sale of
duplicate medals under subsection (a) shall be deposited in the United
States Mint Public Enterprise Fund.
(c) Authority to Use Fund Amounts.--There is authorized to be
charged against the United States Mint Public Enterprise Fund such
amounts as may be necessary to pay for the costs of the medals struck
under this Act.
SEC. 5. STATUS OF MEDALS.
The gold medal struck pursuant to this Act is a national medal for
purposes of chapter 51 of title 31, United States Code.
SEC. 6. DETERMINATION OF BUDGETARY EFFECTS.
The budgetary effects of this Act, for the purpose of complying
with the Statutory Pay-As-You-Go Act of 2010, shall be determined by
reference to the latest statement titled ``Budgetary Effects of PAYGO
Legislation'' for this Act, submitted for printing in the Congressional
Record by the Chairman of the House Budget Committee, provided that
such statement has been submitted prior to the vote on passage.
Speaker of the House of Representatives.
Vice President of the United States and
President of the Senate.