    [Congressional Bills 117th Congress]
    [From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
    [H.R. 1 Received in Senate (RDS)]

    <DOC>
    117th CONGRESS
      1st Session
                                     H. R. 1

    _______________________________________________________________________

                       IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                                 March 11, 2021

                                    Received

    _______________________________________________________________________

                                     AN ACT

    To expand Americans' access to the ballot box, reduce the influence of
    big money in politics, strengthen ethics rules for public servants, and
    implement other anti-corruption measures for the purpose of fortifying
                     our democracy, and for other purposes.

        Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the
    United States of America in Congress assembled,

    SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

        This Act may be cited as the ``For the People Act of 2021''.

    SEC. 2. ORGANIZATION OF ACT INTO DIVISIONS; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

        (a) Divisions.--This Act is organized into divisions as follows:
                (1) Division A--Voting.
                (2) Division B--Campaign Finance.
                (3) Division C--Ethics.
        (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents of this Act is as
    follows:

    Sec. 1. Short title.
    Sec. 2. Organization of Act into divisions; table of contents.
    Sec. 3. Findings of general constitutional authority.
    Sec. 4. Standards for judicial review.
                               DIVISION A--VOTING

                            TITLE I--ELECTION ACCESS

    Sec. 1000. Short title; statement of policy.
                  Subtitle A--Voter Registration Modernization

    Sec. 1000A. Short title.
                    Part 1--Promoting Internet Registration

    Sec. 1001. Requiring availability of internet for voter registration.
    Sec. 1002. Use of internet to update registration information.
    Sec. 1003. Provision of election information by electronic mail to
                                individuals registered to vote.
    Sec. 1004. Clarification of requirement regarding necessary information
                                to show eligibility to vote.
    Sec. 1005. Prohibiting State from requiring applicants to provide more
                                than last 4 digits of Social Security
                                number.
    Sec. 1006. Report on data collection.
    Sec. 1007. Permitting voter registration application form to serve as
                                application for absentee ballot.
    Sec. 1008. Effective date.
                      Part 2--Automatic Voter Registration

    Sec. 1011. Short title; findings and purpose.
    Sec. 1012. Automatic registration of eligible individuals.
    Sec. 1013. Contributing agency assistance in registration.
    Sec. 1014. One-time contributing agency assistance in registration of
                                eligible voters in existing records.
    Sec. 1015. Voter protection and security in automatic registration.
    Sec. 1016. Registration portability and correction.
    Sec. 1017. Payments and grants.
    Sec. 1018. Treatment of exempt States.
    Sec. 1019. Miscellaneous provisions.
    Sec. 1020. Definitions.
    Sec. 1021. Effective date.
                      Part 3--Same Day Voter Registration

    Sec. 1031. Same day registration.
       Part 4--Conditions on Removal on Basis of Interstate Cross-Checks

    Sec. 1041. Conditions on removal of registrants from official list of
                                eligible voters on basis of interstate
                                cross-checks.
            Part 5--Other Initiatives To Promote Voter Registration

    Sec. 1051. Annual reports on voter registration statistics.
    Sec. 1052. Ensuring pre-election registration deadlines are consistent
                                with timing of legal public holidays.
    Sec. 1053. Use of Postal Service hard copy change of address form to
                                remind individuals to update voter
                                registration.
    Sec. 1054. Grants to States for activities to encourage involvement of
                                minors in election activities.
    Sec. 1055. Permission to place exhibits.
    Sec. 1056. Requiring States to establish and operate voter privacy
                                programs.
    Sec. 1057. Inclusion of voter registration information with certain
                                leases and vouchers for federally assisted
                                rental housing and mortgage applications.
               Part 6--Availability of HAVA Requirements Payments

    Sec. 1061. Availability of requirements payments under HAVA to cover
                                costs of compliance with new requirements.
            Part 7--Prohibiting Interference With Voter Registration

    Sec. 1071. Prohibiting hindering, interfering with, or preventing voter
                                registration.
    Sec. 1072. Establishment of best practices.
                   Part 8--Voter Registration Efficiency Act

    Sec. 1081. Short title.
    Sec. 1082. Requiring applicants for motor vehicle driver's licenses in
                                new state to indicate whether state serves
                                as residence for voter registration
                                purposes.
     Part 9--Providing Voter Registration Information to Secondary School
                                    Students

    Sec. 1091. Pilot program for providing voter registration information
                                to secondary school students prior to
                                graduation.
    Sec. 1092. Reports.
    Sec. 1093. Authorization of appropriations.
                     Part 10--Voter Registration of Minors

    Sec. 1094. Acceptance of voter registration applications from
                                individuals under 18 years of age.
         Subtitle B--Access to Voting for Individuals With Disabilities

    Sec. 1101. Requirements for States to promote access to voter
                                registration and voting for individuals
                                with disabilities.
    Sec. 1102. Expansion and reauthorization of grant program to assure
                                voting access for individuals with
                                disabilities.
    Sec. 1103. Pilot programs for enabling individuals with disabilities to
                                register to vote privately and
                                independently at residences.
    Sec. 1104. GAO analysis and report on voting access for individuals
                                with disabilities.
                      Subtitle C--Prohibiting Voter Caging

    Sec. 1201. Voter caging and other questionable challenges prohibited.
    Sec. 1202. Development and adoption of best practices for preventing
                                voter caging.
       Subtitle D--Prohibiting Deceptive Practices and Preventing Voter
                                  Intimidation

    Sec. 1301. Short title.
    Sec. 1302. Prohibition on deceptive practices in Federal elections.
    Sec. 1303. Corrective action.
    Sec. 1304. Reports to Congress.
                       Subtitle E--Democracy Restoration

    Sec. 1401. Short title.
    Sec. 1402. Findings.
    Sec. 1403. Rights of citizens.
    Sec. 1404. Enforcement.
    Sec. 1405. Notification of restoration of voting rights.
    Sec. 1406. Definitions.
    Sec. 1407. Relation to other laws.
    Sec. 1408. Federal prison funds.
    Sec. 1409. Effective date.
     Subtitle F--Promoting Accuracy, Integrity, and Security Through Voter-
                        Verified Permanent Paper Ballot

    Sec. 1501. Short title.
    Sec. 1502. Paper ballot and manual counting requirements.
    Sec. 1503. Accessibility and ballot verification for individuals with
                                disabilities.
    Sec. 1504. Durability and readability requirements for ballots.
    Sec. 1505. Study and report on optimal ballot design.
    Sec. 1506. Paper ballot printing requirements.
    Sec. 1507. Effective date for new requirements.
                        Subtitle G--Provisional Ballots

    Sec. 1601. Requirements for counting provisional ballots; establishment
                                of uniform and nondiscriminatory standards.
                            Subtitle H--Early Voting

    Sec. 1611. Early voting.
                           Subtitle I--Voting by Mail

    Sec. 1621. Voting by mail.
    Sec. 1622. Absentee ballot tracking program.
    Sec. 1623. Voting materials postage.
    Sec. 1624. Study and report on vote-by-mail procedures.
        Subtitle J--Absent Uniformed Services Voters and Overseas Voters

    Sec. 1701. Pre-election reports on availability and transmission of
                                absentee ballots.
    Sec. 1702. Enforcement.
    Sec. 1703. Revisions to 45-day absentee ballot transmission rule.
    Sec. 1704. Use of single absentee ballot application for subsequent
                                elections.
    Sec. 1705. Extending guarantee of residency for voting purposes to
                                family members of absent military
                                personnel.
    Sec. 1706. Requiring transmission of blank absentee ballots under
                                UOCAVA to certain voters.
    Sec. 1707. Department of Justice report on voter disenfranchisement.
    Sec. 1708. Effective date.
                Subtitle K--Poll Worker Recruitment and Training

    Sec. 1801. Grants to States for poll worker recruitment and training.
    Sec. 1802. State defined.
                     Subtitle L--Enhancement of Enforcement

    Sec. 1811. Enhancement of enforcement of Help America Vote Act of 2002.
                     Subtitle M--Federal Election Integrity

    Sec. 1821. Prohibition on campaign activities by chief State election
                                administration officials.
      Subtitle N--Promoting Voter Access Through Election Administration
                                  Improvements

                         Part 1--Promoting Voter Access

    Sec. 1901. Treatment of institutions of higher education.
    Sec. 1902. Minimum notification requirements for voters affected by
                                polling place changes.
    Sec. 1903. Permitting use of sworn written statement to meet
                                identification requirements for voting.
    Sec. 1904. Accommodations for voters residing in Indian lands.
    Sec. 1905. Voter information response systems and hotline.
    Sec. 1906. Ensuring equitable and efficient operation of polling
                                places.
    Sec. 1907. Requiring States to provide secured drop boxes for voted
                                absentee ballots in elections for Federal
                                office.
    Sec. 1908. Prohibiting States from restricting curbside voting.
    Sec. 1909. Election Day as legal public holiday.
    Sec. 1910. GAO study on voter turnout rates.
    Sec. 1910A. Study on ranked-choice voting.
                Part 2--Disaster and Emergency Contingency Plans

    Sec. 1911. Requirements for Federal election contingency plans in
                                response to natural disasters and
                                emergencies.
      Part 3--Improvements in Operation of Election Assistance Commission

    Sec. 1921. Reauthorization of Election Assistance Commission.
    Sec. 1922. Requiring States to participate in post-general election
                                surveys.
    Sec. 1923. Reports by National Institute of Standards and Technology on
                                use of funds transferred from Election
                                Assistance Commission.
    Sec. 1924. Recommendations to improve operations of Election Assistance
                                Commission.
    Sec. 1925. Repeal of exemption of Election Assistance Commission from
                                certain government contracting
                                requirements.
                        Part 4--Miscellaneous Provisions

    Sec. 1931. Application of Federal election administration laws to
                                territories of the United States.
    Sec. 1932. Definition of election for Federal office.
    Sec. 1933. Authorizing payments to voting accessibility protection and
                                advocacy systems serving the American
                                Indian Consortium.
    Sec. 1934. Application of Federal voter protection laws to territories
                                of the United States.
    Sec. 1935. Placement of statues of citizens of territories of the
                                United States in Statuary Hall.
    Sec. 1936. No effect on other laws.
    Sec. 1937. Clarification of Exemption for States Without Voter
                                Registration.
                              Part 5--Voter Notice

    Sec. 1941. Short title.
    Sec. 1942. Public education campaigns in event of changes in elections
                                in response to emergencies.
    Sec. 1943. Requirements for websites of election officials.
    Sec. 1944. Payments by Election Assistance Commission to States for
                                costs of compliance.
                            Subtitle O--Severability

    Sec. 1951. Severability.
                          TITLE II--ELECTION INTEGRITY

    Subtitle A--Findings Reaffirming Commitment of Congress to Restore the
                               Voting Rights Act

    Sec. 2001. Findings reaffirming commitment of Congress to restore the
                                Voting Rights Act.
         Subtitle B--Findings Relating to Native American Voting Rights

    Sec. 2101. Findings relating to Native American voting rights.
        Subtitle C--Findings Relating to District of Columbia Statehood

    Sec. 2201. Findings relating to District of Columbia statehood.
                     Subtitle D--Territorial Voting Rights

    Sec. 2301. Findings relating to territorial voting rights.
    Sec. 2302. Congressional Task Force on Voting Rights of United States
                                Citizen Residents of Territories of the
                                United States.
                        Subtitle E--Redistricting Reform

    Sec. 2400. Short title; finding of constitutional authority.
              Part 1--Requirements for Congressional Redistricting

    Sec. 2401. Requiring congressional redistricting to be conducted
                                through plan of independent State
                                commission.
    Sec. 2402. Ban on mid-decade redistricting.
    Sec. 2403. Criteria for redistricting.
                 Part 2--Independent Redistricting Commissions

    Sec. 2411. Independent redistricting commission.
    Sec. 2412. Establishment of selection pool of individuals eligible to
                                serve as members of commission.
    Sec. 2413. Public notice and input.
    Sec. 2414. Establishment of related entities.
    Sec. 2415. Report on diversity of memberships of independent
                                redistricting commissions.
          Part 3--Role of Courts in Development of Redistricting Plans

    Sec. 2421. Enactment of plan developed by 3-judge court.
    Sec. 2422. Special rule for redistricting conducted under order of
                                Federal court.
              Part 4--Administrative and Miscellaneous Provisions

    Sec. 2431. Payments to States for carrying out redistricting.
    Sec. 2432. Civil enforcement.
    Sec. 2433. State apportionment notice defined.
    Sec. 2434. No effect on elections for State and local office.
    Sec. 2435. Effective date.
      Part 5--Requirements for Redistricting Carried Out Pursuant to 2020
                                     Census

       subpart a--application of certain requirements for redistricting
                      carried out pursuant to 2020 census

    Sec. 2441. Application of certain requirements for redistricting
                                carried out pursuant to 2020 Census.
    Sec. 2442. Triggering events.
      subpart b--independent redistricting commissions for redistricting
                      carried out pursuant to 2020 census

    Sec. 2451. Use of independent redistricting commissions for
                                redistricting carried out pursuant to 2020
                                Census.
    Sec. 2452. Establishment of selection pool of individuals eligible to
                                serve as members of commission.
    Sec. 2453. Criteria for redistricting plan; public notice and input.
    Sec. 2454. Establishment of related entities.
    Sec. 2455. Report on diversity of memberships of independent
                                redistricting commissions.
             Subtitle F--Saving Eligible Voters From Voter Purging

    Sec. 2501. Short title.
    Sec. 2502. Conditions for removal of voters from list of registered
                                voters.
        Subtitle G--No Effect on Authority of States To Provide Greater
                            Opportunities for Voting

    Sec. 2601. No effect on authority of States to provide greater
                                opportunities for voting.
               Subtitle H--Residence of Incarcerated Individuals

    Sec. 2701. Residence of incarcerated individuals.
                 Subtitle I--Findings Relating to Youth Voting

    Sec. 2801. Findings relating to youth voting.
                            Subtitle J--Severability

    Sec. 2901. Severability.
                          TITLE III--ELECTION SECURITY

    Sec. 3000. Short title; sense of Congress.
           Subtitle A--Financial Support for Election Infrastructure

               Part 1--Voting System Security Improvement Grants

    Sec. 3001. Grants for obtaining compliant paper ballot voting systems
                                and carrying out voting system security
                                improvements.
    Sec. 3002. Coordination of voting system security activities with use
                                of requirements payments and election
                                administration requirements under Help
                                America Vote Act of 2002.
    Sec. 3003. Incorporation of definitions.
        Part 2--Grants for Risk-Limiting Audits of Results of Elections

    Sec. 3011. Grants to States for conducting risk-limiting audits of
                                results of elections.
    Sec. 3012. GAO analysis of effects of audits.
            Part 3--Election Infrastructure Innovation Grant Program

    Sec. 3021. Election infrastructure innovation grant program.
                         Subtitle B--Security Measures

    Sec. 3101. Election infrastructure designation.
    Sec. 3102. Timely threat information.
    Sec. 3103. Security clearance assistance for election officials.
    Sec. 3104. Security risk and vulnerability assessments.
    Sec. 3105. Annual reports.
    Sec. 3106. Pre-election threat assessments.
        Subtitle C--Enhancing Protections for United States Democratic
                                  Institutions

    Sec. 3201. National strategy to protect United States democratic
                                institutions.
    Sec. 3202. National Commission to Protect United States Democratic
                                Institutions.
     Subtitle D--Promoting Cybersecurity Through Improvements in Election
                                 Administration

    Sec. 3301. Testing of existing voting systems to ensure compliance with
                                election cybersecurity guidelines and other
                                guidelines.
    Sec. 3302. Treatment of electronic poll books as part of voting
                                systems.
    Sec. 3303. Pre-election reports on voting system usage.
    Sec. 3304. Streamlining collection of election information.
    Sec. 3305. Exemption of cybersecurity assistance from limitations on
                                amount of coordinated political party
                                expenditures.
                    Subtitle E--Preventing Election Hacking

    Sec. 3401. Short title.
    Sec. 3402. Election Security Bug Bounty Program.
            Subtitle F--Election Security Grants Advisory Committee

    Sec. 3501. Establishment of advisory committee.
                      Subtitle G--Miscellaneous Provisions

    Sec. 3601. Definitions.
    Sec. 3602. Initial report on adequacy of resources available for
                                implementation.
      Subtitle H--Use of Voting Machines Manufactured in the United States

    Sec. 3701. Use of voting machines manufactured in the United States.
                      Subtitle I--Study and Report on Bots

    Sec. 3801. Short title.
    Sec. 3802. Task Force.
    Sec. 3803. Study and Report.
                            Subtitle J--Severability

    Sec. 3901. Severability.
                          DIVISION B--CAMPAIGN FINANCE

                    TITLE IV--CAMPAIGN FINANCE TRANSPARENCY

     Subtitle A--Establishing Duty To Report Foreign Election Interference

    Sec. 4001. Findings relating to illicit money undermining our
                                democracy.
    Sec. 4002. Federal campaign reporting of foreign contacts.
    Sec. 4003. Federal campaign foreign contact reporting compliance
                                system.
    Sec. 4004. Criminal penalties.
    Sec. 4005. Report to congressional intelligence committees.
    Sec. 4006. Rule of construction.
                            Subtitle B--DISCLOSE Act

    Sec. 4100. Short title.
      Part 1--Closing Loopholes Allowing Spending by Foreign Nationals in
                                   Elections

    Sec. 4101. Clarification of prohibition on participation by foreign
                                nationals in election-related activities.
    Sec. 4102. Clarification of application of foreign money ban to certain
                                disbursements and activities.
    Sec. 4103. Audit and report on illicit foreign money in Federal
                                elections.
    Sec. 4104. Prohibition on contributions and donations by foreign
                                nationals in connections with ballot
                                initiatives and referenda.
    Sec. 4105. Disbursements and activities subject to foreign money ban.
    Sec. 4106. Prohibiting establishment of corporation to conceal election
                                contributions and donations by foreign
                                nationals.
              Part 2--Reporting of Campaign-Related Disbursements

    Sec. 4111. Reporting of campaign-related disbursements.
    Sec. 4112. Application of foreign money ban to disbursements for
                                campaign-related disbursements consisting
                                of covered transfers.
    Sec. 4113. Effective date.
                      Part 3--Other Administrative Reforms

    Sec. 4121. Petition for certiorari.
    Sec. 4122. Judicial review of actions related to campaign finance laws.
    Part 4--Disclosure of Contributions to Political Committees Immediately
                               Prior to Election

    Sec. 4131. Disclosure of contributions to political committees
                                immediately prior to election.
      Subtitle C--Strengthening Oversight of Online Political Advertising

    Sec. 4201. Short title.
    Sec. 4202. Purpose.
    Sec. 4203. Findings.
    Sec. 4204. Sense of Congress.
    Sec. 4205. Expansion of definition of public communication.
    Sec. 4206. Expansion of definition of electioneering communication.
    Sec. 4207. Application of disclaimer statements to online
                                communications.
    Sec. 4208. Political record requirements for online platforms.
    Sec. 4209. Preventing contributions, expenditures, independent
                                expenditures, and disbursements for
                                electioneering communications by foreign
                                nationals in the form of online
                                advertising.
    Sec. 4210. Independent study on media literacy and online political
                                content consumption.
    Sec. 4211. Requiring online platforms to display notices identifying
                                sponsors of political advertisements and to
                                ensure notices continue to be present when
                                advertisements are shared.
                         Subtitle D--Stand By Every Ad

    Sec. 4301. Short title.
    Sec. 4302. Stand by every ad.
    Sec. 4303. Disclaimer requirements for communications made through
                                prerecorded telephone calls.
    Sec. 4304. No expansion of persons subject to disclaimer requirements
                                on internet communications.
    Sec. 4305. Effective date.
            Subtitle E--Deterring Foreign Interference in Elections

         Part 1--Deterrence Under Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971

    Sec. 4401. Restrictions on exchange of campaign information between
                                candidates and foreign powers.
    Sec. 4402. Clarification of standard for determining existence of
                                coordination between campaigns and outside
                                interests.
    Sec. 4403. Prohibition on provision of substantial assistance relating
                                to contribution or donation by foreign
                                nationals.
    Sec. 4404. Clarification of application of foreign money ban.
        Part 2--Notifying States of Disinformation Campaigns by Foreign
                                   Nationals

    Sec. 4411. Notifying States of disinformation campaigns by foreign
                                nationals.
           Part 3--Prohibiting Use of Deepfakes in Election Campaigns

    Sec. 4421. Prohibition on distribution of materially deceptive audio or
                                visual media prior to election.
    Part 4--Assessment of Exemption of Registration Requirements Under FARA
                            for Registered Lobbyists

    Sec. 4431. Assessment of exemption of registration requirements under
                                FARA for registered lobbyists.
                     Subtitle F--Secret Money Transparency

    Sec. 4501. Repeal of restriction of use of funds by Internal Revenue
                                Service to bring transparency to political
                                activity of certain nonprofit
                                organizations.
    Sec. 4502. Repeal of regulations.
                     Subtitle G--Shareholder Right-to-Know

    Sec. 4601. Repeal of restriction on use of funds by Securities and
                                Exchange Commission to ensure shareholders
                                of corporations have knowledge of
                                corporation political activity.
    Sec. 4602. Assessment of shareholder preferences for disbursements for
                                political purposes.
    Sec. 4603. Governance and operations of corporate PACs.
     Subtitle H--Disclosure of Political Spending by Government Contractors

    Sec. 4701. Repeal of restriction on use of funds to require disclosure
                                of political spending by government
                                contractors.
      Subtitle I--Limitation and Disclosure Requirements for Presidential
                              Inaugural Committees

    Sec. 4801. Short title.
    Sec. 4802. Limitations and disclosure of certain donations to, and
                                disbursements by, Inaugural Committees.
                      Subtitle J--Miscellaneous Provisions

    Sec. 4901. Effective dates of provisions.
    Sec. 4902. Severability.
                     TITLE V--CAMPAIGN FINANCE EMPOWERMENT

           Subtitle A--Findings Relating to Citizens United Decision

    Sec. 5001. Findings relating to Citizens United decision.
                      Subtitle B--Congressional Elections

    Sec. 5100. Short title.
                     Part 1--My Voice Voucher Pilot Program

    Sec. 5101. Establishment of pilot program.
    Sec. 5102. Voucher program described.
    Sec. 5103. Reports.
    Sec. 5104. Definitions.
       Part 2--Small Dollar Financing of Congressional Election Campaigns

    Sec. 5111. Benefits and eligibility requirements for candidates.
     ``TITLE V--SMALL DOLLAR FINANCING OF CONGRESSIONAL ELECTION CAMPAIGNS

                             ``Subtitle A--Benefits

            ``Sec. 501. Benefits for participating candidates.
            ``Sec. 502. Procedures for making payments.
            ``Sec. 503. Use of funds.
            ``Sec. 504. Qualified small dollar contributions described.
                  ``Subtitle B--Eligibility and Certification

            ``Sec. 511. Eligibility.
            ``Sec. 512. Qualifying requirements.
            ``Sec. 513. Certification.
     ``Subtitle C--Requirements for Candidates Certified as Participating
                                   Candidates

            ``Sec. 521. Contribution and expenditure requirements.
            ``Sec. 522. Administration of campaign.
            ``Sec. 523. Preventing unnecessary spending of public funds.
            ``Sec. 524. Remitting unspent funds after election.
                      ``Subtitle D--Enhanced Match Support

            ``Sec. 531. Enhanced support for general election.
            ``Sec. 532. Eligibility.
            ``Sec. 533. Amount.
            ``Sec. 534. Waiver of authority to retain portion of unspent
                                funds after election.
                    ``Subtitle E--Administrative Provisions

            ``Sec. 541. Freedom From Influence Fund.
            ``Sec. 542. Reviews and reports by Government Accountability
                                Office.
            ``Sec. 543. Administration by Commission.
            ``Sec. 544. Violations and penalties.
            ``Sec. 545. Appeals process.
            ``Sec. 546. Indexing of amounts.
            ``Sec. 547. Election cycle defined.
    Sec. 5112. Contributions and expenditures by multicandidate and
                                political party committees on behalf of
                                participating candidates.
    Sec. 5113. Prohibiting use of contributions by participating candidates
                                for purposes other than campaign for
                                election.
    Sec. 5114. Assessments against fines and penalties.
    Sec. 5115. Study and report on small dollar financing program.
    Sec. 5116. Effective date.
                       Subtitle C--Presidential Elections

    Sec. 5200. Short title.
                           Part 1--Primary Elections

    Sec. 5201. Increase in and modifications to matching payments.
    Sec. 5202. Eligibility requirements for matching payments.
    Sec. 5203. Repeal of expenditure limitations.
    Sec. 5204. Period of availability of matching payments.
    Sec. 5205. Examination and audits of matchable contributions.
    Sec. 5206. Modification to limitation on contributions for Presidential
                                primary candidates.
    Sec. 5207. Use of Freedom From Influence Fund as source of payments.
                           Part 2--General Elections

    Sec. 5211. Modification of eligibility requirements for public
                                financing.
    Sec. 5212. Repeal of expenditure limitations and use of qualified
                                campaign contributions.
    Sec. 5213. Matching payments and other modifications to payment
                                amounts.
    Sec. 5214. Increase in limit on coordinated party expenditures.
    Sec. 5215. Establishment of uniform date for release of payments.
    Sec. 5216. Amounts in Presidential Election Campaign Fund.
    Sec. 5217. Use of general election payments for general election legal
                                and accounting compliance.
    Sec. 5218. Use of Freedom From Influence Fund as source of payments.
                             Part 3--Effective Date

    Sec. 5221. Effective date.
     Subtitle D--Personal Use Services as Authorized Campaign Expenditures

    Sec. 5301. Short title; findings; purpose.
    Sec. 5302. Treatment of payments for child care and other personal use
                                services as authorized campaign
                                expenditure.
                 Subtitle E--Empowering Small Dollar Donations

    Sec. 5401. Permitting political party committees to provide enhanced
                                support for candidates through use of
                                separate small dollar accounts.
                            Subtitle F--Severability

    Sec. 5501. Severability.
                      TITLE VI--CAMPAIGN FINANCE OVERSIGHT

             Subtitle A--Restoring Integrity to America's Elections

    Sec. 6001. Short title.
    Sec. 6002. Membership of Federal Election Commission.
    Sec. 6003. Assignment of powers to Chair of Federal Election
                                Commission.
    Sec. 6004. Revision to enforcement process.
    Sec. 6005. Permitting appearance at hearings on requests for advisory
                                opinions by persons opposing the requests.
    Sec. 6006. Permanent extension of administrative penalty authority.
    Sec. 6007. Restrictions on ex parte communications.
    Sec. 6008. Clarifying authority of FEC attorneys to represent FEC in
                                Supreme Court.
    Sec. 6009. Requiring forms to permit use of accent marks.
    Sec. 6010. Extension of statute of limitations for offenses under
                                Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971.
    Sec. 6011. Effective date; transition.
             Subtitle B--Stopping Super PAC-Candidate Coordination

    Sec. 6101. Short title.
    Sec. 6102. Clarification of treatment of coordinated expenditures as
                                contributions to candidates.
    Sec. 6103. Clarification of ban on fundraising for super PACs by
                                Federal candidates and officeholders.
               Subtitle C--Disposal of Contributions or Donations

    Sec. 6201. Timeframe for and prioritization of disposal of
                                contributions or donations.
    Sec. 6202. 1-year transition period for certain individuals.
    Subtitle D--Recommendations to Ensure Filing of Reports Before Date of
                                    Election

    Sec. 6301. Recommendations to ensure filing of reports before date of
                                election.
                            Subtitle E--Severability

    Sec. 6401. Severability.
                               DIVISION C--ETHICS

                          TITLE VII--ETHICAL STANDARDS

                        Subtitle A--Supreme Court Ethics

    Sec. 7001. Code of conduct for Federal judges.
                    Subtitle B--Foreign Agents Registration

    Sec. 7101. Establishment of FARA investigation and enforcement unit
                                within Department of Justice.
    Sec. 7102. Authority to impose civil money penalties.
    Sec. 7103. Disclosure of transactions involving things of financial
                                value conferred on officeholders.
    Sec. 7104. Ensuring online access to registration statements.
    Sec. 7105. Disclaimer requirements for materials posted on online
                                platforms by agents of foreign principals
                                on behalf of clients.
    Sec. 7106. Clarification of treatment of individuals who engage with
                                the United States in political activities
                                for a foreign principal in any place as
                                agents of foreign principals.
    Sec. 7107. Analysis and report on challenges to enforcement of Foreign
                                Agents Registration Act of 1938.
                     Subtitle C--Lobbying Disclosure Reform

    Sec. 7201. Expanding scope of individuals and activities subject to
                                requirements of Lobbying Disclosure Act of
                                1995.
    Sec. 7202. Prohibiting receipt of compensation for lobbying activities
                                on behalf of foreign countries violating
                                human rights.
    Sec. 7203. Requiring lobbyists to disclose status as lobbyists upon
                                making any lobbying contacts.
                 Subtitle D--Recusal of Presidential Appointees

    Sec. 7301. Recusal of appointees.
               Subtitle E--Clearinghouse on Lobbying Information

    Sec. 7401. Establishment of clearinghouse.
                            Subtitle F--Severability

    Sec. 7501. Severability.
       TITLE VIII--ETHICS REFORMS FOR THE PRESIDENT, VICE PRESIDENT, AND
                         FEDERAL OFFICERS AND EMPLOYEES

               Subtitle A--Executive Branch Conflict of Interest

    Sec. 8001. Short title.
    Sec. 8002. Restrictions on private sector payment for government
                                service.
    Sec. 8003. Requirements relating to slowing the revolving door.
    Sec. 8004. Prohibition of procurement officers accepting employment
                                from government contractors.
    Sec. 8005. Revolving door restrictions on employees moving into the
                                private sector.
    Sec. 8006. Guidance on unpaid employees.
    Sec. 8007. Limitation on use of Federal funds and contracting at
                                businesses owned by certain Government
                                officers and employees.
                 Subtitle B--Presidential Conflicts of Interest

    Sec. 8011. Short title.
    Sec. 8012. Divestiture of personal financial interests of the President
                                and Vice President that pose a potential
                                conflict of interest.
    Sec. 8013. Initial financial disclosure.
    Sec. 8014. Contracts by the President or Vice President.
    Sec. 8015. Legal defense funds.
                  Subtitle C--White House Ethics Transparency

    Sec. 8021. Short title.
    Sec. 8022. Procedure for waivers and authorizations relating to ethics
                                requirements.
                Subtitle D--Executive Branch Ethics Enforcement

    Sec. 8031. Short title.
    Sec. 8032. Reauthorization of the Office of Government Ethics.
    Sec. 8033. Tenure of the Director of the Office of Government Ethics.
    Sec. 8034. Duties of Director of the Office of Government Ethics.
    Sec. 8035. Agency ethics officials training and duties.
    Sec. 8036. Prohibition on use of funds for certain Federal employee
                                travel in contravention of certain
                                regulations.
    Sec. 8037. Reports on cost of Presidential travel.
    Sec. 8038. Reports on cost of senior Federal official travel.
                Subtitle E--Conflicts From Political Fundraising

    Sec. 8041. Short title.
    Sec. 8042. Disclosure of certain types of contributions.
                       Subtitle F--Transition Team Ethics

    Sec. 8051. Short title.
    Sec. 8052. Presidential transition ethics programs.
        Subtitle G--Ethics Pledge For Senior Executive Branch Employees

    Sec. 8061. Short title.
    Sec. 8062. Ethics pledge requirement for senior executive branch
                                employees.
     Subtitle H--Travel on Private Aircraft by Senior Political Appointees

    Sec. 8071. Short title.
    Sec. 8072. Prohibition on use of funds for travel on private aircraft.
                            Subtitle I--Severability

    Sec. 8081. Severability.
                     TITLE IX--CONGRESSIONAL ETHICS REFORM

      Subtitle A--Requiring Members of Congress To Reimburse Treasury for
          Amounts Paid as Settlements and Awards Under Congressional
                           Accountability Act of 1995

    Sec. 9001. Requiring Members of Congress to reimburse Treasury for
                                amounts paid as settlements and awards
                                under Congressional Accountability Act of
                                1995 in all cases of employment
                                discrimination acts by Members.
                       Subtitle B--Conflicts of Interests

    Sec. 9101. Prohibiting Members of House of Representatives from serving
                                on boards of for-profit entities.
    Sec. 9102. Conflict of interest rules for Members of Congress and
                                congressional staff.
    Sec. 9103. Exercise of rulemaking powers.
              Subtitle C--Campaign Finance and Lobbying Disclosure

    Sec. 9201. Short title.
    Sec. 9202. Requiring disclosure in certain reports filed with Federal
                                Election Commission of persons who are
                                registered lobbyists.
    Sec. 9203. Effective date.
             Subtitle D--Access to Congressionally Mandated Reports

    Sec. 9301. Short title.
    Sec. 9302. Definitions.
    Sec. 9303. Establishment of online portal for congressionally mandated
                                reports.
    Sec. 9304. Federal agency responsibilities.
    Sec. 9305. Removing and altering reports.
    Sec. 9306. Relationship to the Freedom of Information Act.
    Sec. 9307. Implementation.
      Subtitle E--Reports on Outside Compensation Earned by Congressional
                                   Employees

    Sec. 9401. Reports on outside compensation earned by congressional
                                employees.
                            Subtitle F--Severability

    Sec. 9501. Severability.
          TITLE X--PRESIDENTIAL AND VICE PRESIDENTIAL TAX TRANSPARENCY

    Sec. 10001. Presidential and Vice Presidential tax transparency.

    SEC. 3. FINDINGS OF GENERAL CONSTITUTIONAL AUTHORITY.

        Congress finds that the Constitution of the United States grants
    explicit and broad authority to protect the right to vote, to regulate
    elections for Federal office, to prevent and remedy discrimination in
    voting, and to defend the Nation's democratic process. Congress enacts
    the ``For the People Act of 2021'' pursuant to this broad authority,
    including but not limited to the following:
                (1) Congress finds that it has broad authority to regulate
            the time, place, and manner of congressional elections under
            the Elections Clause of the Constitution, article I, section 4,
            clause 1. The Supreme Court has affirmed that the ``substantive
            scope'' of the Elections Clause is ``broad''; that ``Times,
            Places, and Manner'' are ``comprehensive words which embrace
            authority to provide for a complete code for congressional
            elections''; and ``[t]he power of Congress over the Times,
            Places and Manner of congressional elections is paramount, and
            may be exercised at any time, and to any extent which it deems
            expedient; and so far as it is exercised, and no farther, the
            regulations effected supersede those of the State which are
            inconsistent therewith''. Arizona v. Inter Tribal Council of
            Arizona, 570 U.S. 1, 8-9 (2013) (internal quotation marks and
            citations omitted). Indeed, ``Congress has plenary and
            paramount jurisdiction over the whole subject'' of
            congressional elections, Ex parte Siebold, 100 U.S. (10 Otto)
            371, 388 (1879), and this power ``may be exercised as and when
            Congress sees fit'', and ``so far as it extends and conflicts
            with the regulations of the State, necessarily supersedes
            them''. Id. At 384. Among other things, Congress finds that the
            Elections Clause was intended to ``vindicate the people's right
            to equality of representation in the House''. Wesberry v.
            Sanders, 376 U.S. 1, 16 (1964), and to address partisan
            gerrymandering, Rucho v. Common Cause, 588 U.S. ____, 32-33
            (2019).
                (2) Congress also finds that it has both the authority and
            responsibility, as the legislative body for the United States,
            to fulfill the promise of article IV, section 4, of the
            Constitution, which states: ``The United States shall guarantee
            to every State in this Union a Republican Form of
            Government[.]''. Congress finds that its authority and
            responsibility to enforce the Guarantee Clause is particularly
            strong given that Federal courts have not enforced this clause
            because they understood that its enforcement is committed to
            Congress by the Constitution.
                (3)(A) Congress also finds that it has broad authority
            pursuant to section 5 of the Fourteenth Amendment to legislate
            to enforce the provisions of the Fourteenth Amendment,
            including its protections of the right to vote and the
            democratic process.
                (B) Section 1 of the Fourteenth Amendment protects the
            fundamental right to vote, which is ``of the most fundamental
            significance under our constitutional structure''. Ill. Bd. of
            Election v. Socialist Workers Party, 440 U.S. 173, 184 (1979);
            see United States v. Classic, 313 U.S. 299 (1941) (``Obviously
            included within the right to choose, secured by the
            Constitution, is the right of qualified voters within a state
            to cast their ballots and have them counted . . .''). As the
            Supreme Court has repeatedly affirmed, the right to vote is
            ``preservative of all rights'', Yick Wo v. Hopkins, 118 U.S.
            356, 370 (1886). Section 2 of the Fourteenth Amendment also
            protects the right to vote, granting Congress additional
            authority to reduce a State's representation in Congress when
            the right to vote is abridged or denied.
                (C) As a result, Congress finds that it has the authority
            pursuant to section 5 of the Fourteenth Amendment to protect
            the right to vote. Congress also finds that States and
            localities have eroded access to the right to vote through
            restrictions on the right to vote including excessively onerous
            voter identification requirements, burdensome voter
            registration procedures, voter purges, limited and unequal
            access to voting by mail, polling place closures, unequal
            distribution of election resources, and other impediments.
                (D) Congress also finds that ``the right of suffrage can be
            denied by a debasement or dilution of the weight of a citizen's
            vote just as effectively as by wholly prohibiting the free
            exercise of the franchise''. Reynolds v. Sims, 377 U.S. 533,
            555 (1964). Congress finds that the right of suffrage has been
            so diluted and debased by means of gerrymandering of districts.
            Congress finds that it has authority pursuant to section 5 of
            the Fourteenth Amendment to remedy this debasement.
                (4)(A) Congress also finds that it has authority to
            legislate to eliminate racial discrimination in voting and the
            democratic process pursuant to both section 5 of the Fourteenth
            Amendment, which grants equal protection of the laws, and
            section 2 of the Fifteenth Amendment, which explicitly bars
            denial or abridgment of the right to vote on account of race,
            color, or previous condition of servitude.
                (B) Congress finds that racial discrimination in access to
            voting and the political process persists. Voting restrictions,
            redistricting, and other electoral practices and processes
            continue to disproportionately impact communities of color in
            the United States and do so as a result of both intentional
            racial discrimination, structural racism, and the ongoing
            structural socioeconomic effects of historical racial
            discrimination.
                (C) Recent elections and studies have shown that minority
            communities wait longer in lines to vote, are more likely to
            have their mail ballots rejected, continue to face intimidation
            at the polls, are more likely to be disenfranchised by voter
            purges, and are disproportionately burdened by voter
            identification and other voter restrictions. Research shows
            that communities of color are more likely to face nearly every
            barrier to voting than their white counterparts.
                (D) Congress finds that racial disparities in
            disenfranchisement due to past felony convictions is
            particularly stark. In 2020, according to the Sentencing
            Project, an estimated 5,200,000 Americans could not vote due to
            a felony conviction. One in 16 African Americans of voting age
            is disenfranchised, a rate 3.7 times greater than that of non-
            African Americans. In seven States-Alabama, Florida, Kentucky,
            Mississippi, Tennessee, Virginia, and Wyoming-more than one in
            seven African Americans is disenfranchised, twice the national
            average for African Americans. Congress finds that felony
            disenfranchisement was one of the tools of intentional racial
            discrimination during the Jim Crow era. Congress further finds
            that current racial disparities in felony disenfranchisement
            are linked to this history of voter suppression, structural
            racism in the criminal justice system, and ongoing effects of
            historical discrimination.
                (5)(A) Congress finds that it further has the power to
            protect the right to vote from denial or abridgment on account
            of sex, age, or ability to pay a poll tax or other tax pursuant
            to the Nineteenth, Twenty-Fourth, and Twenty-Sixth Amendments.
                (B) Congress finds that electoral practices including
            voting rights restoration conditions for people with
            convictions, voter identification requirements, and other
            restrictions to the franchise burden voters on account of their
            ability to pay.
                (C) Congress further finds that electoral practices
            including voting restrictions related to college campuses, age
            restrictions on mail voting, and similar practices burden the
            right to vote on account of age.

    SEC. 4. STANDARDS FOR JUDICIAL REVIEW.

        (a) In General.--For any action brought for declaratory or
    injunctive relief to challenge, whether facially or as-applied, the
    constitutionality or lawfulness of any provision of this Act or any
    amendment made by this Act or any rule or regulation promulgated under
    this Act, the following rules shall apply:
                (1) The action shall be filed in the United States District
            Court for the District of Columbia and an appeal from the
            decision of the district court may be taken to the Court of
            Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit. These courts, and
            the Supreme Court of the United States on a writ of certiorari
            (if such a writ is issued), shall have exclusive jurisdiction
            to hear such actions.
                (2) The party filing the action shall concurrently deliver
            a copy the complaint to the Clerk of the House of
            Representatives and the Secretary of the Senate.
                (3) It shall be the duty of the United States District
            Court for the District of Columbia and the Court of Appeals for
            the District of Columbia Circuit to advance on the docket and
            to expedite to the greatest possible extent the disposition of
            the action and appeal.
        (b) Clarifying Scope of Jurisdiction.--If an action at the time of
    its commencement is not subject to subsection (a), but an amendment,
    counterclaim, cross-claim, affirmative defense, or any other pleading
    or motion is filed challenging, whether facially or as-applied, the
    constitutionality or lawfulness of this Act or any amendment made by
    this Act or any rule or regulation promulgated under this Act, the
    district court shall transfer the action to the District Court for the
    District of Columbia, and the action shall thereafter be conducted
    pursuant to subsection (a).
        (c) Intervention by Members of Congress.--In any action described
    in subsection (a), any Member of the House of Representatives
    (including a Delegate or Resident Commissioner to the Congress) or
    Senate shall have the right to intervene either in support of or
    opposition to the position of a party to the case regarding the
    constitutionality of the provision. To avoid duplication of efforts and
    reduce the burdens placed on the parties to the action, the court in
    any such action may make such orders as it considers necessary,
    including orders to require interveners taking similar positions to
    file joint papers or to be represented by a single attorney at oral
    argument.

                               DIVISION A--VOTING

                            TITLE I--ELECTION ACCESS

    Sec. 1000. Short title; statement of policy.
                  Subtitle A--Voter Registration Modernization

    Sec. 1000A. Short title.
                    Part 1--Promoting Internet Registration

    Sec. 1001. Requiring availability of internet for voter registration.
    Sec. 1002. Use of internet to update registration information.
    Sec. 1003. Provision of election information by electronic mail to
                                individuals registered to vote.
    Sec. 1004. Clarification of requirement regarding necessary information
                                to show eligibility to vote.
    Sec. 1005. Prohibiting State from requiring applicants to provide more
                                than last 4 digits of Social Security
                                number.
    Sec. 1006. Report on data collection.
    Sec. 1007. Permitting voter registration application form to serve as
                                application for absentee ballot.
    Sec. 1008. Effective date.
                      Part 2--Automatic Voter Registration

    Sec. 1011. Short title; findings and purpose.
    Sec. 1012. Automatic registration of eligible individuals.
    Sec. 1013. Contributing agency assistance in registration.
    Sec. 1014. One-time contributing agency assistance in registration of
                                eligible voters in existing records.
    Sec. 1015. Voter protection and security in automatic registration.
    Sec. 1016. Registration portability and correction.
    Sec. 1017. Payments and grants.
    Sec. 1018. Treatment of exempt States.
    Sec. 1019. Miscellaneous provisions.
    Sec. 1020. Definitions.
    Sec. 1021. Effective date.
                      Part 3--Same Day Voter Registration

    Sec. 1031. Same day registration.
       Part 4--Conditions on Removal on Basis of Interstate Cross-Checks

    Sec. 1041. Conditions on removal of registrants from official list of
                                eligible voters on basis of interstate
                                cross-checks.
            Part 5--Other Initiatives To Promote Voter Registration

    Sec. 1051. Annual reports on voter registration statistics.
    Sec. 1052. Ensuring pre-election registration deadlines are consistent
                                with timing of legal public holidays.
    Sec. 1053. Use of Postal Service hard copy change of address form to
                                remind individuals to update voter
                                registration.
    Sec. 1054. Grants to States for activities to encourage involvement of
                                minors in election activities.
    Sec. 1055. Permission to place exhibits.
    Sec. 1056. Requiring States to establish and operate voter privacy
                                programs.
    Sec. 1057. Inclusion of voter registration information with certain
                                leases and vouchers for federally assisted
                                rental housing and mortgage applications.
               Part 6--Availability of HAVA Requirements Payments

    Sec. 1061. Availability of requirements payments under HAVA to cover
                                costs of compliance with new requirements.
            Part 7--Prohibiting Interference With Voter Registration

    Sec. 1071. Prohibiting hindering, interfering with, or preventing voter
                                registration.
    Sec. 1072. Establishment of best practices.
                   Part 8--Voter Registration Efficiency Act

    Sec. 1081. Short title.
    Sec. 1082. Requiring applicants for motor vehicle driver's licenses in
                                new state to indicate whether state serves
                                as residence for voter registration
                                purposes.
     Part 9--Providing Voter Registration Information to Secondary School
                                    Students

    Sec. 1091. Pilot program for providing voter registration information
                                to secondary school students prior to
                                graduation.
    Sec. 1092. Reports.
    Sec. 1093. Authorization of appropriations.
                     Part 10--Voter Registration of Minors

    Sec. 1094. Acceptance of voter registration applications from
                                individuals under 18 years of age.
         Subtitle B--Access to Voting for Individuals With Disabilities

    Sec. 1101. Requirements for States to promote access to voter
                                registration and voting for individuals
                                with disabilities.
    Sec. 1102. Expansion and reauthorization of grant program to assure
                                voting access for individuals with
                                disabilities.
    Sec. 1103. Pilot programs for enabling individuals with disabilities to
                                register to vote privately and
                                independently at residences.
    Sec. 1104. GAO analysis and report on voting access for individuals
                                with disabilities.
                      Subtitle C--Prohibiting Voter Caging

    Sec. 1201. Voter caging and other questionable challenges prohibited.
    Sec. 1202. Development and adoption of best practices for preventing
                                voter caging.
       Subtitle D--Prohibiting Deceptive Practices and Preventing Voter
                                  Intimidation

    Sec. 1301. Short title.
    Sec. 1302. Prohibition on deceptive practices in Federal elections.
    Sec. 1303. Corrective action.
    Sec. 1304. Reports to Congress.
                       Subtitle E--Democracy Restoration

    Sec. 1401. Short title.
    Sec. 1402. Findings.
    Sec. 1403. Rights of citizens.
    Sec. 1404. Enforcement.
    Sec. 1405. Notification of restoration of voting rights.
    Sec. 1406. Definitions.
    Sec. 1407. Relation to other laws.
    Sec. 1408. Federal prison funds.
    Sec. 1409. Effective date.
     Subtitle F--Promoting Accuracy, Integrity, and Security Through Voter-
                        Verified Permanent Paper Ballot

    Sec. 1501. Short title.
    Sec. 1502. Paper ballot and manual counting requirements.
    Sec. 1503. Accessibility and ballot verification for individuals with
                                disabilities.
    Sec. 1504. Durability and readability requirements for ballots.
    Sec. 1505. Study and report on optimal ballot design.
    Sec. 1506. Paper ballot printing requirements.
    Sec. 1507. Effective date for new requirements.
                        Subtitle G--Provisional Ballots

    Sec. 1601. Requirements for counting provisional ballots; establishment
                                of uniform and nondiscriminatory standards.
                            Subtitle H--Early Voting

    Sec. 1611. Early voting.
                           Subtitle I--Voting by Mail

    Sec. 1621. Voting by mail.
    Sec. 1622. Absentee ballot tracking program.
    Sec. 1623. Voting materials postage.
    Sec. 1624. Study and report on vote-by-mail procedures.
        Subtitle J--Absent Uniformed Services Voters and Overseas Voters

    Sec. 1701. Pre-election reports on availability and transmission of
                                absentee ballots.
    Sec. 1702. Enforcement.
    Sec. 1703. Revisions to 45-day absentee ballot transmission rule.
    Sec. 1704. Use of single absentee ballot application for subsequent
                                elections.
    Sec. 1705. Extending guarantee of residency for voting purposes to
                                family members of absent military
                                personnel.
    Sec. 1706. Requiring transmission of blank absentee ballots under
                                UOCAVA to certain voters.
    Sec. 1707. Department of Justice report on voter disenfranchisement.
    Sec. 1708. Effective date.
                Subtitle K--Poll Worker Recruitment and Training

    Sec. 1801. Grants to States for poll worker recruitment and training.
    Sec. 1802. State defined.
                     Subtitle L--Enhancement of Enforcement

    Sec. 1811. Enhancement of enforcement of Help America Vote Act of 2002.
                     Subtitle M--Federal Election Integrity

    Sec. 1821. Prohibition on campaign activities by chief State election
                                administration officials.
      Subtitle N--Promoting Voter Access Through Election Administration
                                  Improvements

                         Part 1--Promoting Voter Access

    Sec. 1901. Treatment of institutions of higher education.
    Sec. 1902. Minimum notification requirements for voters affected by
                                polling place changes.
    Sec. 1903. Permitting use of sworn written statement to meet
                                identification requirements for voting.
    Sec. 1904. Accommodations for voters residing in Indian lands.
    Sec. 1905. Voter information response systems and hotline.
    Sec. 1906. Ensuring equitable and efficient operation of polling
                                places.
    Sec. 1907. Requiring States to provide secured drop boxes for voted
                                absentee ballots in elections for Federal
                                office.
    Sec. 1908. Prohibiting States from restricting curbside voting.
    Sec. 1909. Election Day as legal public holiday.
    Sec. 1910. GAO study on voter turnout rates.
    Sec. 1910A. Study on ranked-choice voting.
                Part 2--Disaster and Emergency Contingency Plans

    Sec. 1911. Requirements for Federal election contingency plans in
                                response to natural disasters and
                                emergencies.
      Part 3--Improvements in Operation of Election Assistance Commission

    Sec. 1921. Reauthorization of Election Assistance Commission.
    Sec. 1922. Requiring States to participate in post-general election
                                surveys.
    Sec. 1923. Reports by National Institute of Standards and Technology on
                                use of funds transferred from Election
                                Assistance Commission.
    Sec. 1924. Recommendations to improve operations of Election Assistance
                                Commission.
    Sec. 1925. Repeal of exemption of Election Assistance Commission from
                                certain government contracting
                                requirements.
                        Part 4--Miscellaneous Provisions

    Sec. 1931. Application of Federal election administration laws to
                                territories of the United States.
    Sec. 1932. Definition of election for Federal office.
    Sec. 1933. Authorizing payments to voting accessibility protection and
                                advocacy systems serving the American
                                Indian Consortium.
    Sec. 1934. Application of Federal voter protection laws to territories
                                of the United States.
    Sec. 1935. Placement of statues of citizens of territories of the
                                United States in Statuary Hall.
    Sec. 1936. No effect on other laws.
    Sec. 1937. Clarification of Exemption for States Without Voter
                                Registration.
                              Part 5--Voter Notice

    Sec. 1941. Short title.
    Sec. 1942. Public education campaigns in event of changes in elections
                                in response to emergencies.
    Sec. 1943. Requirements for websites of election officials.
    Sec. 1944. Payments by Election Assistance Commission to States for
                                costs of compliance.
                            Subtitle O--Severability

    Sec. 1951. Severability.

    SEC. 1000. SHORT TITLE; STATEMENT OF POLICY.

        (a) Short Title.--This title may be cited as the ``Voter
    Empowerment Act of 2021''.
        (b) Statement of Policy.--It is the policy of the United States
    that--
                (1) the ability of all eligible citizens of the United
            States to access and exercise their constitutional right to
            vote in a free, fair, and timely manner must be vigilantly
            enhanced, protected, and maintained; and
                (2) the integrity, security, and accountability of the
            voting process must be vigilantly protected, maintained, and
            enhanced in order to protect and preserve electoral and
            participatory democracy in the United States.

                  Subtitle A--Voter Registration Modernization

    SEC. 1000A. SHORT TITLE.

        This subtitle may be cited as the ``Voter Registration
    Modernization Act of 2021''.

                    PART 1--PROMOTING INTERNET REGISTRATION

    SEC. 1001. REQUIRING AVAILABILITY OF INTERNET FOR VOTER REGISTRATION.

        (a) Requiring Availability of Internet for Registration.--The
    National Voter Registration Act of 1993 (52 U.S.C. 20501 et seq.) is
    amended by inserting after section 6 the following new section:

    ``SEC. 6A. INTERNET REGISTRATION.

        ``(a) Requiring Availability of Internet for Online Registration.--
    Each State, acting through the chief State election official, shall
    ensure that the following services are available to the public at any
    time on the official public websites of the appropriate State and local
    election officials in the State, in the same manner and subject to the
    same terms and conditions as the services provided by voter
    registration agencies under section 7(a):
                ``(1) Online application for voter registration.
                ``(2) Online assistance to applicants in applying to
            register to vote.
                ``(3) Online completion and submission by applicants of the
            mail voter registration application form prescribed by the
            Election Assistance Commission pursuant to section 9(a)(2),
            including assistance with providing a signature as required
            under subsection (c)).
                ``(4) Online receipt of completed voter registration
            applications.
        ``(b) Acceptance of Completed Applications.--A State shall accept
    an online voter registration application provided by an individual
    under this section, and ensure that the individual is registered to
    vote in the State, if--
                ``(1) the individual meets the same voter registration
            requirements applicable to individuals who register to vote by
            mail in accordance with section 6(a)(1) using the mail voter
            registration application form prescribed by the Election
            Assistance Commission pursuant to section 9(a)(2); and
                ``(2) the individual meets the requirements of subsection
            (c) to provide a signature in electronic form (but only in the
            case of applications submitted during or after the second year
            in which this section is in effect in the State).
        ``(c) Signature Requirements.--
                ``(1) In general.--For purposes of this section, an
            individual meets the requirements of this subsection as
            follows:
                        ``(A) In the case of an individual who has a
                    signature on file with a State agency, including the
                    State motor vehicle authority, that is required to
                    provide voter registration services under this Act or
                    any other law, the individual consents to the transfer
                    of that electronic signature.
                        ``(B) If subparagraph (A) does not apply, the
                    individual submits with the application an electronic
                    copy of the individual's handwritten signature through
                    electronic means.
                        ``(C) If subparagraph (A) and subparagraph (B) do
                    not apply, the individual executes a computerized mark
                    in the signature field on an online voter registration
                    application, in accordance with reasonable security
                    measures established by the State, but only if the
                    State accepts such mark from the individual.
                ``(2) Treatment of individuals unable to meet
            requirement.--If an individual is unable to meet the
            requirements of paragraph (1), the State shall--
                        ``(A) permit the individual to complete all other
                    elements of the online voter registration application;
                        ``(B) permit the individual to provide a signature
                    at the time the individual requests a ballot in an
                    election (whether the individual requests the ballot at
                    a polling place or requests the ballot by mail); and
                        ``(C) if the individual carries out the steps
                    described in subparagraph (A) and subparagraph (B),
                    ensure that the individual is registered to vote in the
                    State.
                ``(3) Notice.--The State shall ensure that individuals
            applying to register to vote online are notified of the
            requirements of paragraph (1) and of the treatment of
            individuals unable to meet such requirements, as described in
            paragraph (2).
        ``(d) Confirmation and Disposition.--
                ``(1) Confirmation of receipt.--Upon the online submission
            of a completed voter registration application by an individual
            under this section, the appropriate State or local election
            official shall send the individual a notice confirming the
            State's receipt of the application and providing instructions
            on how the individual may check the status of the application.
                ``(2) Notice of disposition.--Not later than 7 days after
            the appropriate State or local election official has approved
            or rejected an application submitted by an individual under
            this section, the official shall send the individual a notice
            of the disposition of the application.
                ``(3) Method of notification.--The appropriate State or
            local election official shall send the notices required under
            this subsection by regular mail and--
                        ``(A) in the case of an individual who has provided
                    the official with an electronic mail address, by
                    electronic mail; and
                        ``(B) at the option of the individual, by text
                    message.
        ``(e) Provision of Services in Nonpartisan Manner.--The services
    made available under subsection (a) shall be provided in a manner that
    ensures that, consistent with section 7(a)(5)--
                ``(1) the online application does not seek to influence an
            applicant's political preference or party registration; and
                ``(2) there is no display on the website promoting any
            political preference or party allegiance, except that nothing
            in this paragraph may be construed to prohibit an applicant
            from registering to vote as a member of a political party.
        ``(f) Protection of Security of Information.--In meeting the
    requirements of this section, the State shall establish appropriate
    technological security measures to prevent to the greatest extent
    practicable any unauthorized access to information provided by
    individuals using the services made available under subsection (a).
        ``(g) Accessibility of Services.--A state shall ensure that the
    services made available under this section are made available to
    individuals with disabilities to the same extent as services are made
    available to all other individuals.
        ``(h) Use of Additional Telephone-Based System.--A State shall make
    the services made available online under subsection (a) available
    through the use of an automated telephone-based system, subject to the
    same terms and conditions applicable under this section to the services
    made available online, in addition to making the services available
    online in accordance with the requirements of this section.
        ``(i) Nondiscrimination Among Registered Voters Using Mail and
    Online Registration.--In carrying out this Act, the Help America Vote
    Act of 2002, or any other Federal, State, or local law governing the
    treatment of registered voters in the State or the administration of
    elections for public office in the State, a State shall treat a
    registered voter who registered to vote online in accordance with this
    section in the same manner as the State treats a registered voter who
    registered to vote by mail.''.
        (b) Special Requirements for Individuals Using Online
    Registration.--
                (1) Treatment as individuals registering to vote by mail
            for purposes of first-time voter identification requirements.--
            Section 303(b)(1)(A) of the Help America Vote Act of 2002 (52
            U.S.C. 21083(b)(1)(A)) is amended by striking ``by mail'' and
            inserting ``by mail or online under section 6A of the National
            Voter Registration Act of 1993''.
                (2) Requiring signature for first-time voters in
            jurisdiction.--Section 303(b) of such Act (52 U.S.C. 21083(b))
            is amended--
                        (A) by redesignating paragraph (5) as paragraph
                    (6); and
                        (B) by inserting after paragraph (4) the following
                    new paragraph:
                ``(5) Signature requirements for first-time voters using
            online registration.--
                        ``(A) In general.--A State shall, in a uniform and
                    nondiscriminatory manner, require an individual to meet
                    the requirements of subparagraph (B) if--
                                ``(i) the individual registered to vote in
                            the State online under section 6A of the
                            National Voter Registration Act of 1993; and
                                ``(ii) the individual has not previously
                            voted in an election for Federal office in the
                            State.
                        ``(B) Requirements.--An individual meets the
                    requirements of this subparagraph if--
                                ``(i) in the case of an individual who
                            votes in person, the individual provides the
                            appropriate State or local election official
                            with a handwritten signature; or
                                ``(ii) in the case of an individual who
                            votes by mail, the individual submits with the
                            ballot a handwritten signature.
                        ``(C) Inapplicability.--Subparagraph (A) does not
                    apply in the case of an individual who is--
                                ``(i) entitled to vote by absentee ballot
                            under the Uniformed and Overseas Citizens
                            Absentee Voting Act (52 U.S.C. 20302 et seq.);
                                ``(ii) provided the right to vote otherwise
                            than in person under section 3(b)(2)(B)(ii) of
                            the Voting Accessibility for the Elderly and
                            Handicapped Act (52 U.S.C. 20102(b)(2)(B)(ii));
                            or
                                ``(iii) entitled to vote otherwise than in
                            person under any other Federal law.''.
                (3) Conforming amendment relating to effective date.--
            Section 303(d)(2)(A) of such Act (52 U.S.C. 21083(d)(2)(A)) is
            amended by striking ``Each State'' and inserting ``Except as
            provided in subsection (b)(5), each State''.
        (c) Conforming Amendments.--
                (1) Timing of registration.--Section 8(a)(1) of the
            National Voter Registration Act of 1993 (52 U.S.C. 20507(a)(1))
            is amended--
                        (A) by striking ``and'' at the end of subparagraph
                    (C);
                        (B) by redesignating subparagraph (D) as
                    subparagraph (E); and
                        (C) by inserting after subparagraph (C) the
                    following new subparagraph:
                        ``(D) in the case of online registration through
                    the official public website of an election official
                    under section 6A, if the valid voter registration
                    application is submitted online not later than the
                    lesser of 28 days, or the period provided by State law,
                    before the date of the election (as determined by
                    treating the date on which the application is sent
                    electronically as the date on which it is submitted);
                    and''.
                (2) Informing applicants of eligibility requirements and
            penalties.--Section 8(a)(5) of such Act (52 U.S.C. 20507(a)(5))
            is amended by striking ``and 7'' and inserting ``6A, and 7''.

    SEC. 1002. USE OF INTERNET TO UPDATE REGISTRATION INFORMATION.

        (a) In General.--
                (1) Updates to information contained on computerized
            statewide voter registration list.--Section 303(a) of the Help
            America Vote Act of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 21083(a)) is amended by
            adding at the end the following new paragraph:
                ``(6) Use of internet by registered voters to update
            information.--
                        ``(A) In general.--The appropriate State or local
                    election official shall ensure that any registered
                    voter on the computerized list may at any time update
                    the voter's registration information, including the
                    voter's address and electronic mail address, online
                    through the official public website of the election
                    official responsible for the maintenance of the list,
                    so long as the voter attests to the contents of the
                    update by providing a signature in electronic form in
                    the same manner required under section 6A(c) of the
                    National Voter Registration Act of 1993.
                        ``(B) Processing of updated information by election
                    officials.--If a registered voter updates registration
                    information under subparagraph (A), the appropriate
                    State or local election official shall--
                                ``(i) revise any information on the
                            computerized list to reflect the update made by
                            the voter; and
                                ``(ii) if the updated registration
                            information affects the voter's eligibility to
                            vote in an election for Federal office, ensure
                            that the information is processed with respect
                            to the election if the voter updates the
                            information not later than the lesser of 7
                            days, or the period provided by State law,
                            before the date of the election.
                        ``(C) Confirmation and disposition.--
                                ``(i) Confirmation of receipt.--Upon the
                            online submission of updated registration
                            information by an individual under this
                            paragraph, the appropriate State or local
                            election official shall send the individual a
                            notice confirming the State's receipt of the
                            updated information and providing instructions
                            on how the individual may check the status of
                            the update.
                                ``(ii) Notice of disposition.--Not later
                            than 7 days after the appropriate State or
                            local election official has accepted or
                            rejected updated information submitted by an
                            individual under this paragraph, the official
                            shall send the individual a notice of the
                            disposition of the update.
                                ``(iii) Method of notification.--The
                            appropriate State or local election official
                            shall send the notices required under this
                            subparagraph by regular mail and--
                                        ``(I) in the case of an individual
                                    who has requested that the State
                                    provide voter registration and voting
                                    information through electronic mail, by
                                    electronic mail; and
                                        ``(II) at the option of the
                                    individual, by text message.''.
                (2) Conforming amendment relating to effective date.--
            Section 303(d)(1)(A) of such Act (52 U.S.C. 21083(d)(1)(A)) is
            amended by striking ``subparagraph (B)'' and inserting
            ``subparagraph (B) and subsection (a)(6)''.
        (b) Ability of Registrant To Use Online Update To Provide
    Information on Residence.--Section 8(d)(2)(A) of the National Voter
    Registration Act of 1993 (52 U.S.C. 20507(d)(2)(A)) is amended--
                (1) in the first sentence, by inserting after ``return the
            card'' the following: ``or update the registrant's information
            on the computerized statewide voter registration list using the
            online method provided under section 303(a)(6) of the Help
            America Vote Act of 2002''; and
                (2) in the second sentence, by striking ``returned,'' and
            inserting the following: ``returned or if the registrant does
            not update the registrant's information on the computerized
            Statewide voter registration list using such online method,''.

    SEC. 1003. PROVISION OF ELECTION INFORMATION BY ELECTRONIC MAIL TO
                  INDIVIDUALS REGISTERED TO VOTE.

        (a) Including Option on Voter Registration Application To Provide
    E-Mail Address and Receive Information.--
                (1) In general.--Section 9(b) of the National Voter
            Registration Act of 1993 (52 U.S.C. 20508(b)) is amended--
                        (A) by striking ``and'' at the end of paragraph
                    (3);
                        (B) by striking the period at the end of paragraph
                    (4) and inserting ``; and''; and
                        (C) by adding at the end the following new
                    paragraph:
                ``(5) shall include a space for the applicant to provide
            (at the applicant's option) an electronic mail address,
            together with a statement that, if the applicant so requests,
            instead of using regular mail the appropriate State and local
            election officials shall provide to the applicant, through
            electronic mail sent to that address, the same voting
            information (as defined in section 302(b)(2) of the Help
            America Vote Act of 2002) which the officials would provide to
            the applicant through regular mail.''.
                (2) Prohibiting use for purposes unrelated to official
            duties of election officials.--Section 9 of such Act (52 U.S.C.
            20508) is amended by adding at the end the following new
            subsection:
        ``(c) Prohibiting Use of Electronic Mail Addresses for Other Than
    Official Purposes.--The chief State election official shall ensure that
    any electronic mail address provided by an applicant under subsection
    (b)(5) is used only for purposes of carrying out official duties of
    election officials and is not transmitted by any State or local
    election official (or any agent of such an official, including a
    contractor) to any person who does not require the address to carry out
    such official duties and who is not under the direct supervision and
    control of a State or local election official.''.
        (b) Requiring Provision of Information by Election Officials.--
    Section 302(b) of the Help America Vote Act of 2002 (52 U.S.C.
    21082(b)) is amended by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
                ``(3) Provision of other information by electronic mail.--
            If an individual who is a registered voter has provided the
            State or local election official with an electronic mail
            address for the purpose of receiving voting information (as
            described in section 9(b)(5) of the National Voter Registration
            Act of 1993), the appropriate State or local election official,
            through electronic mail transmitted not later than 7 days
            before the date of the election for Federal office involved,
            shall provide the individual with information on how to obtain
            the following information by electronic means:
                        ``(A) The name and address of the polling place at
                    which the individual is assigned to vote in the
                    election.
                        ``(B) The hours of operation for the polling place.
                        ``(C) A description of any identification or other
                    information the individual may be required to present
                    at the polling place.''.

    SEC. 1004. CLARIFICATION OF REQUIREMENT REGARDING NECESSARY INFORMATION
                  TO SHOW ELIGIBILITY TO VOTE.

        Section 8 of the National Voter Registration Act of 1993 (52 U.S.C.
    20507) is amended--
                (1) by redesignating subsection (j) as subsection (k); and
                (2) by inserting after subsection (i) the following new
            subsection:
        ``(j) Requirement for State To Register Applicants Providing
    Necessary Information To Show Eligibility To Vote.--For purposes
    meeting the requirement of subsection (a)(1) that an eligible applicant
    is registered to vote in an election for Federal office within the
    deadlines required under such subsection, the State shall consider an
    applicant to have provided a `valid voter registration form' if--
                ``(1) the applicant has substantially completed the
            application form and attested to the statement required by
            section 9(b)(2); and
                ``(2) in the case of an applicant who registers to vote
            online in accordance with section 6A, the applicant provides a
            signature in accordance with subsection (c) of such section.''.

    SEC. 1005. PROHIBITING STATE FROM REQUIRING APPLICANTS TO PROVIDE MORE
                  THAN LAST 4 DIGITS OF SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBER.

        (a) Form Included With Application for Motor Vehicle Driver's
    License.--Section 5(c)(2)(B)(ii) of the National Voter Registration Act
    of 1993 (52 U.S.C. 20504(c)(2)(B)(ii)) is amended by striking the
    semicolon at the end and inserting the following: ``, and to the extent
    that the application requires the applicant to provide a Social
    Security number, may not require the applicant to provide more than the
    last 4 digits of such number;''.
        (b) National Mail Voter Registration Form.--Section 9(b)(1) of such
    Act (52 U.S.C. 20508(b)(1)) is amended by striking the semicolon at the
    end and inserting the following: ``, and to the extent that the form
    requires the applicant to provide a Social Security number, the form
    may not require the applicant to provide more than the last 4 digits of
    such number;''.

    SEC. 1006. REPORT ON DATA COLLECTION.

        Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the
    Attorney General shall submit to Congress a report on local, State, and
    Federal personally identifiable information data collections efforts,
    the cyber security resources necessary to defend such efforts from
    online attacks, and the impact of a potential data breach of local,
    State, or Federal online voter registration systems.

    SEC. 1007. PERMITTING VOTER REGISTRATION APPLICATION FORM TO SERVE AS
                  APPLICATION FOR ABSENTEE BALLOT.

        Section 5(c)(2) of the National Voter Registration Act of 1993 (52
    U.S.C. 20504(c)(2)) is amended--
                (1) by striking ``and'' at the end of subparagraph (D);
                (2) by striking the period at the end of subparagraph (E)
            and inserting ``; and''; and
                (3) by adding at the end the following new subparagraph:
                ``(F) at the option of the applicant, shall serve as an
            application to vote by absentee ballot in the next election for
            Federal office held in the State and in each subsequent
            election for Federal office held in the State.''.

    SEC. 1008. EFFECTIVE DATE.

        (a) In General.--Except as provided in subsection (b), the
    amendments made by this part (other than the amendments made by section
    1004) shall take effect January 1, 2022.
        (b) Waiver.--Subject to the approval of the Election Assistance
    Commission, if a State certifies to the Election Assistance Commission
    that the State will not meet the deadline referred to in subsection (a)
    because of extraordinary circumstances and includes in the
    certification the reasons for the failure to meet the deadline,
    subsection (a) shall apply to the State as if the reference in such
    subsection to ``January 1, 2022'' were a reference to ``January 1,
    2024''.

                      PART 2--AUTOMATIC VOTER REGISTRATION

    SEC. 1011. SHORT TITLE; FINDINGS AND PURPOSE.

        (a) Short Title.--This part may be cited as the ``Automatic Voter
    Registration Act of 2021''.
        (b) Findings and Purpose.--
                (1) Findings.--Congress finds that--
                        (A) the right to vote is a fundamental right of
                    citizens of the United States;
                        (B) it is the responsibility of the State and
                    Federal Governments to ensure that every eligible
                    citizen is registered to vote;
                        (C) existing voter registration systems can be
                    inaccurate, costly, inaccessible and confusing, with
                    damaging effects on voter participation in elections
                    for Federal office and disproportionate impacts on
                    young people, persons with disabilities, and racial and
                    ethnic minorities; and
                        (D) voter registration systems must be updated with
                    21st Century technologies and procedures to maintain
                    their security.
                (2) Purpose.--It is the purpose of this part--
                        (A) to establish that it is the responsibility of
                    government at every level to ensure that all eligible
                    citizens are registered to vote in elections for
                    Federal office;
                        (B) to enable the State and Federal Governments to
                    register all eligible citizens to vote with accurate,
                    cost-efficient, and up-to-date procedures;
                        (C) to modernize voter registration and list
                    maintenance procedures with electronic and internet
                    capabilities; and
                        (D) to protect and enhance the integrity, accuracy,
                    efficiency, and accessibility of the electoral process
                    for all eligible citizens.

    SEC. 1012. AUTOMATIC REGISTRATION OF ELIGIBLE INDIVIDUALS.

        (a) Requiring States To Establish and Operate Automatic
    Registration System.--
                (1) In general.--The chief State election official of each
            State shall establish and operate a system of automatic
            registration for the registration of eligible individuals to
            vote for elections for Federal office in the State, in
            accordance with the provisions of this part.
                (2) Definition.--The term ``automatic registration'' means
            a system that registers an individual to vote in elections for
            Federal office in a State, if eligible, by electronically
            transferring the information necessary for registration from
            government agencies to election officials of the State so that,
            unless the individual affirmatively declines to be registered,
            the individual will be registered to vote in such elections.
        (b) Registration of Voters Based on New Agency Records.--The chief
    State election official shall--
                (1) not later than 15 days after a contributing agency has
            transmitted information with respect to an individual pursuant
            to section 1013, ensure that the individual is registered to
            vote in elections for Federal office in the State if the
            individual is eligible to be registered to vote in such
            elections; and
                (2) not later than 120 days after a contributing agency has
            transmitted such information with respect to the individual,
            send written notice to the individual, in addition to other
            means of notice established by this part, of the individual's
            voter registration status.
        (c) One-Time Registration of Voters Based on Existing Contributing
    Agency Records.--The chief State election official shall--
                (1) identify all individuals whose information is
            transmitted by a contributing agency pursuant to section 1014
            and who are eligible to be, but are not currently, registered
            to vote in that State;
                (2) promptly send each such individual written notice, in
            addition to other means of notice established by this part,
            which shall not identify the contributing agency that
            transmitted the information but shall include--
                        (A) an explanation that voter registration is
                    voluntary, but if the individual does not decline
                    registration, the individual will be registered to
                    vote;
                        (B) a statement offering the opportunity to decline
                    voter registration through means consistent with the
                    requirements of this part;
                        (C) in the case of a State in which affiliation or
                    enrollment with a political party is required in order
                    to participate in an election to select the party's
                    candidate in an election for Federal office, a
                    statement offering the individual the opportunity to
                    affiliate or enroll with a political party or to
                    decline to affiliate or enroll with a political party,
                    through means consistent with the requirements of this
                    part;
                        (D) the substantive qualifications of an elector in
                    the State as listed in the mail voter registration
                    application form for elections for Federal office
                    prescribed pursuant to section 9 of the National Voter
                    Registration Act of 1993, the consequences of false
                    registration, and a statement that the individual
                    should decline to register if the individual does not
                    meet all those qualifications;
                        (E) instructions for correcting any erroneous
                    information;
                        (F) instructions for providing any additional
                    information which is listed in the mail voter
                    registration application form for elections for Federal
                    office prescribed pursuant to section 9 of the National
                    Voter Registration Act of 1993; and
                        (G) an explanation of what information the State
                    and local election officials maintain with respect to
                    an individual voter registration status for purposes of
                    elections for Federal office in the State, how that
                    information is shared or sold and with whom, what
                    information is automatically kept confidential, what
                    information is needed to access voter information
                    online, and what privacy programs are available, such
                    as those described in section 1056;
                (3) ensure that each such individual who is eligible to
            register to vote in elections for Federal office in the State
            is promptly registered to vote not later than 45 days after the
            official sends the individual the written notice under
            paragraph (2), unless, during the 30-day period which begins on
            the date the election official sends the individual such
            written notice, the individual declines registration in
            writing, through a communication made over the internet, or by
            an officially logged telephone communication; and
                (4) send written notice to each such individual, in
            addition to other means of notice established by this part, of
            the individual's voter registration status.
        (d) Treatment of Individuals Under 18 Years of Age.--A State may
    not refuse to treat an individual as an eligible individual for
    purposes of this part on the grounds that the individual is less than
    18 years of age at the time a contributing agency receives information
    with respect to the individual, so long as the individual is at least
    16 years of age at such time. Nothing in the previous sentence may be
    construed to require a State to permit an individual who is under 18
    years of age at the time of an election for Federal office to vote in
    the election.
        (e) Contributing Agency Defined.--In this part, the term
    ``contributing agency'' means, with respect to a State, an agency
    listed in section 1013(e).

    SEC. 1013. CONTRIBUTING AGENCY ASSISTANCE IN REGISTRATION.

        (a) In General.--In accordance with this part, each contributing
    agency in a State shall assist the State's chief election official in
    registering to vote all eligible individuals served by that agency.
        (b) Requirements for Contributing Agencies.--
                (1) Instructions on automatic registration.--With each
            application for service or assistance, and with each related
            recertification, renewal, or change of address, or, in the case
            of an institution of higher education, with each registration
            of a student for enrollment in a course of study, each
            contributing agency that (in the normal course of its
            operations) requests individuals to affirm United States
            citizenship (either directly or as part of the overall
            application for service or assistance) shall inform each such
            individual who is a citizen of the United States of the
            following:
                        (A) Unless that individual declines to register to
                    vote, or is found ineligible to vote, the individual
                    will be registered to vote or, if applicable, the
                    individual's registration will be updated.
                        (B) The substantive qualifications of an elector in
                    the State as listed in the mail voter registration
                    application form for elections for Federal office
                    prescribed pursuant to section 9 of the National Voter
                    Registration Act of 1993, the consequences of false
                    registration, and the individual should decline to
                    register if the individual does not meet all those
                    qualifications.
                        (C) In the case of a State in which affiliation or
                    enrollment with a political party is required in order
                    to participate in an election to select the party's
                    candidate in an election for Federal office, the
                    requirement that the individual must affiliate or
                    enroll with a political party in order to participate
                    in such an election.
                        (D) Voter registration is voluntary, and neither
                    registering nor declining to register to vote will in
                    any way affect the availability of services or
                    benefits, nor be used for other purposes.
                (2) Opportunity to decline registration required.--Except
            as otherwise provided in this section, each contributing agency
            shall ensure that each application for service or assistance,
            and each related recertification, renewal, or change of address
            cannot be completed until the individual is given the
            opportunity to decline to be registered to vote.
                (3) Information transmittal.--Upon the expiration of the
            30-day period which begins on the date a contributing agency as
            described in paragraph (1) informs an individual of the
            information described in such paragraph, unless the individual
            has declined to be registered to vote or informs the agency
            that they are already registered to vote, each contributing
            agency shall electronically transmit to the appropriate State
            election official, in a format compatible with the statewide
            voter database maintained under section 303 of the Help America
            Vote Act of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 21083), the following information:
                        (A) The individual's given name(s) and surname(s).
                        (B) The individual's date of birth.
                        (C) The individual's residential address.
                        (D) Information showing that the individual is a
                    citizen of the United States.
                        (E) The date on which information pertaining to
                    that individual was collected or last updated.
                        (F) If available, the individual's signature in
                    electronic form.
                        (G) Except in the case in which the contributing
                    agency is a covered institution of higher education, in
                    the case of a State in which affiliation or enrollment
                    with a political party is required in order to
                    participate in an election to select the party's
                    candidate in an election for Federal office,
                    information regarding the individual's affiliation or
                    enrollment with a political party, but only if the
                    individual provides such information.
                        (H) Any additional information listed in the mail
                    voter registration application form for elections for
                    Federal office prescribed pursuant to section 9 of the
                    National Voter Registration Act of 1993, including any
                    valid driver's license number or the last 4 digits of
                    the individual's social security number, if the
                    individual provided such information.
        (c) Alternate Procedure for Certain Contributing Agencies.--With
    each application for service or assistance, and with each related
    recertification, renewal, or change of address, any contributing agency
    that in the normal course of its operations does not request
    individuals applying for service or assistance to affirm United States
    citizenship (either directly or as part of the overall application for
    service or assistance) shall--
                (1) complete the requirements of section 7(a)(6) of the
            National Voter Registration Act of 1993 (52 U.S.C.
            20506(a)(6));
                (2) ensure that each applicant's transaction with the
            agency cannot be completed until the applicant has indicated
            whether the applicant wishes to register to vote or declines to
            register to vote in elections for Federal office held in the
            State; and
                (3) for each individual who wishes to register to vote,
            transmit that individual's information in accordance with
            subsection (b)(3).
        (d) Required Availability of Automatic Registration Opportunity
    With Each Application for Service or Assistance.--Each contributing
    agency shall offer each individual, with each application for service
    or assistance, and with each related recertification, renewal, or
    change of address, or in the case of an institution of higher
    education, with each registration of a student for enrollment in a
    course of study, the opportunity to register to vote as prescribed by
    this section without regard to whether the individual previously
    declined a registration opportunity.
        (e) Contributing Agencies.--
                (1) State agencies.--In each State, each of the following
            agencies shall be treated as a contributing agency:
                        (A) Each agency in a State that is required by
                    Federal law to provide voter registration services,
                    including the State motor vehicle authority and other
                    voter registration agencies under the National Voter
                    Registration Act of 1993.
                        (B) Each agency in a State that administers a
                    program pursuant to title III of the Social Security
                    Act (42 U.S.C. 501 et seq.), title XIX of the Social
                    Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1396 et seq.), or the Patient
                    Protection and Affordable Care Act (Public Law 111-
                    148).
                        (C) Each State agency primarily responsible for
                    regulating the private possession of firearms.
                        (D) Each State agency primarily responsible for
                    maintaining identifying information for students
                    enrolled at public secondary schools, including, where
                    applicable, the State agency responsible for
                    maintaining the education data system described in
                    section 6201(e)(2) of the America COMPETES Act (20
                    U.S.C. 9871(e)(2)).
                        (E) In the case of a State in which an individual
                    disenfranchised by a criminal conviction may become
                    eligible to vote upon completion of a criminal sentence
                    or any part thereof, or upon formal restoration of
                    rights, the State agency responsible for administering
                    that sentence, or part thereof, or that restoration of
                    rights.
                        (F) Any other agency of the State which is
                    designated by the State as a contributing agency.
                (2) Federal agencies.--In each State, each of the following
            agencies of the Federal Government shall be treated as a
            contributing agency with respect to individuals who are
            residents of that State (except as provided in subparagraph
            (C)):
                        (A) The Social Security Administration, the
                    Department of Veterans Affairs, the Defense Manpower
                    Data Center of the Department of Defense, the Employee
                    and Training Administration of the Department of Labor,
                    and the Center for Medicare & Medicaid Services of the
                    Department of Health and Human Services.
                        (B) The Bureau of Citizenship and Immigration
                    Services, but only with respect to individuals who have
                    completed the naturalization process.
                        (C) In the case of an individual who is a resident
                    of a State in which an individual disenfranchised by a
                    criminal conviction under Federal law may become
                    eligible to vote upon completion of a criminal sentence
                    or any part thereof, or upon formal restoration of
                    rights, the Federal agency responsible for
                    administering that sentence or part thereof (without
                    regard to whether the agency is located in the same
                    State in which the individual is a resident), but only
                    with respect to individuals who have completed the
                    criminal sentence or any part thereof.
                        (D) Any other agency of the Federal Government
                    which the State designates as a contributing agency,
                    but only if the State and the head of the agency
                    determine that the agency collects information
                    sufficient to carry out the responsibilities of a
                    contributing agency under this section.
                (3) Publication.--Not later than 180 days prior to the date
            of each election for Federal office held in the State, the
            chief State election official shall publish on the public
            website of the official an updated list of all contributing
            agencies in that State.
                (4) Public education.--The chief State election official of
            each State, in collaboration with each contributing agency,
            shall take appropriate measures to educate the public about
            voter registration under this section.
        (f) Institutions of Higher Education.--
                (1) In general.--Each covered institution of higher
            education shall be treated as a contributing agency in the
            State in which the institution is located with respect to in-
            State students.
                (2) Procedures.--
                        (A) In general.--Notwithstanding section 444 of the
                    General Education Provisions Act (20 U.S.C. 1232g;
                    commonly referred to as the 'Family Educational Rights
                    and Privacy Act of 1974'') or any other provision of
                    law, each covered institution of higher education shall
                    comply with the requirements of subsection (b) with
                    respect to each in-State student.
                        (B) Rules for compliance.--In complying with the
                    requirements described in subparagraph (A), the
                    institution--
                                (i) may use information provided in the
                            Free Application for Federal Student Aid
                            described in section 483 of the Higher
                            Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1090) to
                            collect information described in paragraph (3)
                            of such subsection for purposes of transmitting
                            such information to the appropriate State
                            election official pursuant to such paragraph;
                            and
                                (ii) shall not be required to prevent or
                            delay students from enrolling in a course of
                            study or otherwise impede the completion of the
                            enrollment process; and (iii) shall not
                            withhold, delay, or impede the provision of
                            Federal financial aid provided under title IV
                            of the Higher Education Act of 1965.
                        (C) Clarification.--Nothing in this part may be
                    construed to require an institution of higher education
                    to request each student to affirm whether or not the
                    student is a United States citizen or otherwise collect
                    information with respect to citizenship.
                (3) Definitions.--
                        (A) Covered institution of higher education.--In
                    this section, the term ``covered institution of higher
                    education'' means an institution of higher education
                    that--
                                (i) has a program participation agreement
                            in effect with the Secretary of Education under
                            section 487 of the Higher Education Act of 1965
                            (20 U.S.C. 1094);
                                (ii) in its normal course of operations,
                            requests each in-State student enrolling in the
                            institution to affirm whether or not the
                            student is a United States citizen; and
                                (iii) is located in a State to which
                            section 4(b)(1) of the National Voter
                            Registration Act of 1993 (52 U.S.C.
                            20503(b)(1)) does not apply.
                        (B) In-state student.--In this section, the term
                    ``in-State student''--
                                (i) means a student enrolled in a covered
                            institution of higher education who, for
                            purposes related to in-State tuition, financial
                            aid eligibility, or other similar purposes,
                            resides in the State; and
                                (ii) includes a student described in clause
                            (i) who is enrolled in a program of distance
                            education, as defined in section 103 of the
                            Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1003).

    SEC. 1014. ONE-TIME CONTRIBUTING AGENCY ASSISTANCE IN REGISTRATION OF
                  ELIGIBLE VOTERS IN EXISTING RECORDS.

        (a) Initial Transmittal of Information.--For each individual
    already listed in a contributing agency's records as of the date of
    enactment of this Act, and for whom the agency has the information
    listed in section 1013(b)(3), the agency shall promptly transmit that
    information to the appropriate State election official in accordance
    with section 1013(b)(3) not later than the effective date described in
    section 1021(a).
        (b) Transition.--For each individual listed in a contributing
    agency's records as of the effective date described in section 1021(a)
    (but who was not listed in a contributing agency's records as of the
    date of enactment of this Act), and for whom the agency has the
    information listed in section 1013(b)(3), the Agency shall promptly
    transmit that information to the appropriate State election official in
    accordance with section 1013(b)(3) not later than 6 months after the
    effective date described in section 1021(a).

    SEC. 1015. VOTER PROTECTION AND SECURITY IN AUTOMATIC REGISTRATION.

        (a) Protections for Errors in Registration.--An individual shall
    not be prosecuted under any Federal or State law, adversely affected in
    any civil adjudication concerning immigration status or naturalization,
    or subject to an allegation in any legal proceeding that the individual
    is not a citizen of the United States on any of the following grounds:
                (1) The individual notified an election office of the
            individual's automatic registration to vote under this part.
                (2) The individual is not eligible to vote in elections for
            Federal office but was automatically registered to vote under
            this part.
                (3) The individual was automatically registered to vote
            under this part at an incorrect address.
                (4) The individual declined the opportunity to register to
            vote or did not make an affirmation of citizenship, including
            through automatic registration, under this part.
        (b) Limits on Use of Automatic Registration.--The automatic
    registration of any individual or the fact that an individual declined
    the opportunity to register to vote or did not make an affirmation of
    citizenship (including through automatic registration) under this part
    may not be used as evidence against that individual in any State or
    Federal law enforcement proceeding, and an individual's lack of
    knowledge or willfulness of such registration may be demonstrated by
    the individual's testimony alone.
        (c) Protection of Election Integrity.--Nothing in subsections (a)
    or (b) may be construed to prohibit or restrict any action under color
    of law against an individual who--
                (1) knowingly and willfully makes a false statement to
            effectuate or perpetuate automatic voter registration by any
            individual; or
                (2) casts a ballot knowingly and willfully in violation of
            State law or the laws of the United States.
        (d) Contributing Agencies' Protection of Information.--Nothing in
    this part authorizes a contributing agency to collect, retain,
    transmit, or publicly disclose any of the following:
                (1) An individual's decision to decline to register to vote
            or not to register to vote.
                (2) An individual's decision not to affirm his or her
            citizenship.
                (3) Any information that a contributing agency transmits
            pursuant to section 1013(b)(3), except in pursuing the agency's
            ordinary course of business.
        (e) Election Officials' Protection of Information.--
                (1) Public disclosure prohibited.--
                        (A) In general.--Subject to subparagraph (B), with
                    respect to any individual for whom any State election
                    official receives information from a contributing
                    agency, the State election officials shall not publicly
                    disclose any of the following:
                                (i) The identity of the contributing
                            agency.
                                (ii) Any information not necessary to voter
                            registration.
                                (iii) Any voter information otherwise
                            shielded from disclosure under State law or
                            section 8(a) of the National Voter Registration
                            Act of 1993 (52 U.S.C. 20507(a)).
                                (iv) Any portion of the individual's social
                            security number.
                                (v) Any portion of the individual's motor
                            vehicle driver's license number.
                                (vi) The individual's signature.
                                (vii) The individual's telephone number.
                                (viii) The individual's email address.
                        (B) Special rule for individuals registered to
                    vote.--With respect to any individual for whom any
                    State election official receives information from a
                    contributing agency and who, on the basis of such
                    information, is registered to vote in the State under
                    this part, the State election officials shall not
                    publicly disclose any of the following:
                                (i) The identity of the contributing
                            agency.
                                (ii) Any information not necessary to voter
                            registration.
                                (iii) Any voter information otherwise
                            shielded from disclosure under State law or
                            section 8(a) of the National Voter Registration
                            Act of 1993 (52 U.S.C. 20507(a)).
                                (iv) Any portion of the individual's social
                            security number.
                                (v) Any portion of the individual's motor
                            vehicle driver's license number.
                                (vi) The individual's signature.
                (2) Voter record changes.--Each State shall maintain for at
            least 2 years and shall make available for public inspection
            (and, where available, photocopying at a reasonable cost),
            including in electronic form and through electronic methods,
            all records of changes to voter records, including removals,
            the reasons for removals, and updates.
                (3) Database management standards.--The Director of the
            National Institute of Standards and Technology shall, after
            providing the public with notice and the opportunity to
            comment--
                        (A) establish standards governing the comparison of
                    data for voter registration list maintenance purposes,
                    identifying as part of such standards the specific data
                    elements, the matching rules used, and how a State may
                    use the data to determine and deem that an individual
                    is ineligible under State law to vote in an election,
                    or to deem a record to be a duplicate or outdated;
                        (B) ensure that the standards developed pursuant to
                    this paragraph are uniform and nondiscriminatory and
                    are applied in a uniform and nondiscriminatory manner;
                    and
                        (C) not later than 45 days after the deadline for
                    public notice and comment, publish the standards
                    developed pursuant to this paragraph on the Director's
                    website and make those standards available in written
                    form upon request.
                (4) Security policy.--The Director of the National
            Institute of Standards and Technology shall, after providing
            the public with notice and the opportunity to comment, publish
            privacy and security standards for voter registration
            information not later than 45 days after the deadline for
            public notice and comment. The standards shall require the
            chief State election official of each State to adopt a policy
            that shall specify--
                        (A) each class of users who shall have authorized
                    access to the computerized statewide voter registration
                    list, specifying for each class the permission and
                    levels of access to be granted, and setting forth other
                    safeguards to protect the privacy, security, and
                    accuracy of the information on the list; and
                        (B) security safeguards to protect personal
                    information transmitted through the information
                    transmittal processes of section 1013 or section 1014,
                    the online system used pursuant to section 1017, any
                    telephone interface, the maintenance of the voter
                    registration database, and any audit procedure to track
                    access to the system.
                (5) State compliance with national standards.--
                        (A) Certification.--The chief executive officer of
                    the State shall annually file with the Election
                    Assistance Commission a statement certifying to the
                    Director of the National Institute of Standards and
                    Technology that the State is in compliance with the
                    standards referred to in paragraphs (3) and (4). A
                    State may meet the requirement of the previous sentence
                    by filing with the Commission a statement which reads
                    as follows: ``_____ hereby certifies that it is in
                    compliance with the standards referred to in paragraphs
                    (3) and (4) of section 1015(e) of the Automatic Voter
                    Registration Act of 2021.'' (with the blank to be
                    filled in with the name of the State involved).
                        (B) Publication of policies and procedures.--The
                    chief State election official of a State shall publish
                    on the official's website the policies and procedures
                    established under this section, and shall make those
                    policies and procedures available in written form upon
                    public request.
                        (C) Funding dependent on certification.--If a State
                    does not timely file the certification required under
                    this paragraph, it shall not receive any payment under
                    this part for the upcoming fiscal year.
                        (D) Compliance of states that require changes to
                    state law.--In the case of a State that requires State
                    legislation to carry out an activity covered by any
                    certification submitted under this paragraph, for a
                    period of not more than 2 years the State shall be
                    permitted to make the certification notwithstanding
                    that the legislation has not been enacted at the time
                    the certification is submitted, and such State shall
                    submit an additional certification once such
                    legislation is enacted.
        (f) Restrictions on Use of Information.--No person acting under
    color of law may discriminate against any individual based on, or use
    for any purpose other than voter registration, election administration,
    or enforcement relating to election crimes, any of the following:
                (1) Voter registration records.
                (2) An individual's declination to register to vote or
            complete an affirmation of citizenship under section 1013(b).
                (3) An individual's voter registration status.
        (g) Prohibition on the Use of Voter Registration Information for
    Commercial Purposes.--Information collected under this part shall not
    be used for commercial purposes. Nothing in this subsection may be
    construed to prohibit the transmission, exchange, or dissemination of
    information for political purposes, including the support of campaigns
    for election for Federal, State, or local public office or the
    activities of political committees (including committees of political
    parties) under the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971.

    SEC. 1016. REGISTRATION PORTABILITY AND CORRECTION.

        (a) Correcting Registration Information at Polling Place.--
    Notwithstanding section 302(a) of the Help America Vote Act of 2002 (52
    U.S.C. 21082(a)), if an individual is registered to vote in elections
    for Federal office held in a State, the appropriate election official
    at the polling place for any such election (including a location used
    as a polling place on a date other than the date of the election) shall
    permit the individual to--
                (1) update the individual's address for purposes of the
            records of the election official;
                (2) correct any incorrect information relating to the
            individual, including the individual's name and political party
            affiliation, in the records of the election official; and
                (3) cast a ballot in the election on the basis of the
            updated address or corrected information, and to have the
            ballot treated as a regular ballot and not as a provisional
            ballot under section 302(a) of such Act.
        (b) Updates to Computerized Statewide Voter Registration Lists.--If
    an election official at the polling place receives an updated address
    or corrected information from an individual under subsection (a), the
    official shall ensure that the address or information is promptly
    entered into the computerized statewide voter registration list in
    accordance with section 303(a)(1)(A)(vi) of the Help America Vote Act
    of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 21083(a)(1)(A)(vi)).

    SEC. 1017. PAYMENTS AND GRANTS.

        (a) In General.--The Election Assistance Commission shall make
    grants to each eligible State to assist the State in implementing the
    requirements of this part (or, in the case of an exempt State, in
    implementing its existing automatic voter registration program).
        (b) Eligibility; Application.--A State is eligible to receive a
    grant under this section if the State submits to the Commission, at
    such time and in such form as the Commission may require, an
    application containing--
                (1) a description of the activities the State will carry
            out with the grant;
                (2) an assurance that the State shall carry out such
            activities without partisan bias and without promoting any
            particular point of view regarding any issue; and
                (3) such other information and assurances as the Commission
            may require.
        (c) Amount of Grant; Priorities.--The Commission shall determine
    the amount of a grant made to an eligible State under this section. In
    determining the amounts of the grants, the Commission shall give
    priority to providing funds for those activities which are most likely
    to accelerate compliance with the requirements of this part (or, in the
    case of an exempt State, which are most likely to enhance the ability
    of the State to automatically register individuals to vote through its
    existing automatic voter registration program), including--
                (1) investments supporting electronic information transfer,
            including electronic collection and transfer of signatures,
            between contributing agencies and the appropriate State
            election officials;
                (2) updates to online or electronic voter registration
            systems already operating as of the date of the enactment of
            this Act;
                (3) introduction of online voter registration systems in
            jurisdictions in which those systems did not previously exist;
            and
                (4) public education on the availability of new methods of
            registering to vote, updating registration, and correcting
            registration.
        (d) Authorization of Appropriations.--
                (1) Authorization.--There are authorized to be appropriated
            to carry out this section--
                        (A) $500,000,000 for fiscal year 2021; and
                        (B) such sums as may be necessary for each
                    succeeding fiscal year.
                (2) Continuing availability of funds.--Any amounts
            appropriated pursuant to the authority of this subsection shall
            remain available without fiscal year limitation until expended.

    SEC. 1018. TREATMENT OF EXEMPT STATES.

        (a) Waiver of Requirements.--Except as provided in subsection (b),
    this part does not apply with respect to an exempt State.
        (b) Exceptions.--The following provisions of this part apply with
    respect to an exempt State:
                (1) section 1016 (relating to registration portability and
            correction).
                (2) section 1017 (relating to payments and grants).
                (3) Section 1019(e) (relating to enforcement).
                (4) Section 1019(f) (relating to relation to other laws).

    SEC. 1019. MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS.

        (a) Accessibility of Registration Services.--Each contributing
    agency shall ensure that the services it provides under this part are
    made available to individuals with disabilities to the same extent as
    services are made available to all other individuals.
        (b) Transmission Through Secure Third Party Permitted.--Nothing in
    this part shall be construed to prevent a contributing agency from
    contracting with a third party to assist the agency in meeting the
    information transmittal requirements of this part, so long as the data
    transmittal complies with the applicable requirements of this part,
    including the privacy and security provisions of section 1015.
        (c) Nonpartisan, Nondiscriminatory Provision of Services.--The
    services made available by contributing agencies under this part and by
    the State under sections 1015 and 1016 shall be made in a manner
    consistent with paragraphs (4), (5), and (6)(C) of section 7(a) of the
    National Voter Registration Act of 1993 (52 U.S.C. 20506(a)).
        (d) Notices.--Each State may send notices under this part via
    electronic mail if the individual has provided an electronic mail
    address and consented to electronic mail communications for election-
    related materials. All notices sent pursuant to this part that require
    a response must offer the individual notified the opportunity to
    respond at no cost to the individual.
        (e) Enforcement.--Section 11 of the National Voter Registration Act
    of 1993 (52 U.S.C. 20510), relating to civil enforcement and the
    availability of private rights of action, shall apply with respect to
    this part in the same manner as such section applies to such Act.
        (f) Relation to Other Laws.--Except as provided, nothing in this
    part may be construed to authorize or require conduct prohibited under,
    or to supersede, restrict, or limit the application of any of the
    following:
                (1) The Voting Rights Act of 1965 (52 U.S.C. 10301 et
            seq.).
                (2) The Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act
            (52 U.S.C. 20301 et seq.).
                (3) The National Voter Registration Act of 1993 (52 U.S.C.
            20501 et seq.).
                (4) The Help America Vote Act of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 20901 et
            seq.).

    SEC. 1020. DEFINITIONS.

        In this part, the following definitions apply:
                (1) The term ``chief State election official'' means, with
            respect to a State, the individual designated by the State
            under section 10 of the National Voter Registration Act of 1993
            (52 U.S.C. 20509) to be responsible for coordination of the
            State's responsibilities under such Act.
                (2) The term ``Commission'' means the Election Assistance
            Commission.
                (3) The term ``exempt State'' means a State which, under
            law which is in effect continuously on and after the date of
            the enactment of this Act, operates an automatic voter
            registration program under which an individual is automatically
            registered to vote in elections for Federal office in the State
            if the individual provides the motor vehicle authority of the
            State (or, in the case of a State in which an individual is
            automatically registered to vote at the time the individual
            applies for benefits or services with a Permanent Dividend Fund
            of the State, provides the appropriate official of such Fund)
            with such identifying information as the State may require.
                (4) The term ``State'' means each of the several States,
            the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the
            United States Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, and the
            Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands.

    SEC. 1021. EFFECTIVE DATE.

        (a) In General.--Except as provided in subsection (b), this part
    and the amendments made by this part shall apply with respect to a
    State beginning January 1, 2023.
        (b) Waiver.--Subject to the approval of the Commission, if a State
    certifies to the Commission that the State will not meet the deadline
    referred to in subsection (a) because of extraordinary circumstances
    and includes in the certification the reasons for the failure to meet
    the deadline, subsection (a) shall apply to the State as if the
    reference in such subsection to ``January 1, 2023'' were a reference to
    ``January 1, 2025''.

                      PART 3--SAME DAY VOTER REGISTRATION

    SEC. 1031. SAME DAY REGISTRATION.

        (a) In General.--Title III of the Help America Vote Act of 2002 (52
    U.S.C. 21081 et seq.) is amended--
                (1) by redesignating sections 304 and 305 as sections 305
            and 306; and
                (2) by inserting after section 303 the following new
            section:

    ``SEC. 304. SAME DAY REGISTRATION.

        ``(a) In General.--
                ``(1) Registration.--Each State shall permit any eligible
            individual on the day of a Federal election and on any day when
            voting, including early voting, is permitted for a Federal
            election--
                        ``(A) to register to vote in such election at the
                    polling place using a form that meets the requirements
                    under section 9(b) of the National Voter Registration
                    Act of 1993 (or, if the individual is already
                    registered to vote, to revise any of the individual's
                    voter registration information); and
                        ``(B) to cast a vote in such election.
                ``(2) Exception.--The requirements under paragraph (1)
            shall not apply to a State in which, under a State law in
            effect continuously on and after the date of the enactment of
            this section, there is no voter registration requirement for
            individuals in the State with respect to elections for Federal
            office.
        ``(b) Eligible Individual.--For purposes of this section, the term
    `eligible individual' means, with respect to any election for Federal
    office, an individual who is otherwise qualified to vote in that
    election.
        ``(c) Ensuring Availability of Forms.--The State shall ensure that
    each polling place has copies of any forms an individual may be
    required to complete in order to register to vote or revise the
    individual's voter registration information under this section.
        ``(d) Effective Date.--Each State shall be required to comply with
    the requirements of subsection (a) for the regularly scheduled general
    election for Federal office occurring in November 2022 and for any
    subsequent election for Federal office.''.
        (b) Conforming Amendment Relating to Enforcement.--Section 401 of
    such Act (52 U.S.C. 21111) is amended by striking ``sections 301, 302,
    and 303'' and inserting ``subtitle A of title III''.
        (c) Clerical Amendment.--The table of contents of such Act is
    amended--
                (1) by redesignating the items relating to sections 304 and
            305 as relating to sections 305 and 306; and
                (2) by inserting after the item relating to section 303 the
            following new item:

    ``Sec. 304. Same day registration.''.

       PART 4--CONDITIONS ON REMOVAL ON BASIS OF INTERSTATE CROSS-CHECKS

    SEC. 1041. CONDITIONS ON REMOVAL OF REGISTRANTS FROM OFFICIAL LIST OF
                  ELIGIBLE VOTERS ON BASIS OF INTERSTATE CROSS-CHECKS.

        (a) Minimum Information Required for Removal Under Cross-Check.--
    Section 8(c)(2) of the National Voter Registration Act of 1993 (52
    U.S.C. 20507(c))(2)) is amended--
                (1) by redesignating subparagraph (B) as subparagraph (D);
            and
                (2) by inserting after subparagraph (A) the following new
            subparagraphs:
        ``(B) To the extent that the program carried out by a State under
    subparagraph (A) to systematically remove the names of ineligible
    voters from the official lists of eligible voters uses information
    obtained in an interstate cross-check, in addition to any other
    conditions imposed under this Act on the authority of the State to
    remove the name of the voter from such a list, the State may not remove
    the name of the voter from such a list unless--
                ``(i) the State obtained the voter's full name (including
            the voter's middle name, if any) and date of birth, and the
            last 4 digits of the voter's social security number, in the
            interstate cross-check; or
                ``(ii) the State obtained documentation from the ERIC
            system that the voter is no longer a resident of the State.
        ``(C) In this paragraph--
                ``(i) the term `interstate cross-check' means the
            transmission of information from an election official in one
            State to an election official of another State; and
                ``(ii) the term `ERIC system' means the system operated by
            the Electronic Registration Information Center to share voter
            registration information and voter identification information
            among participating States.''.
        (b) Requiring Completion of Cross-Checks Not Later Than 6 Months
    Prior to Election.--Subparagraph (A) of section 8(c)(2) of such Act (52
    U.S.C. 20507(c)(2)) is amended by striking ``not later than 90 days''
    and inserting the following: ``not later than 90 days (or, in the case
    of a program in which the State uses interstate cross-checks, not later
    than 6 months)''.
        (c) Conforming Amendment.--Subparagraph (D) of section 8(c)(2) of
    such Act (52 U.S.C. 20507(c)(2)), as redesignated by subsection (a)(1),
    is amended by striking ``Subparagraph (A)'' and inserting ``This
    paragraph''.
        (d) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this Act shall apply
    with respect to elections held on or after the expiration of the 6-
    month period which begins on the date of the enactment of this Act.

            PART 5--OTHER INITIATIVES TO PROMOTE VOTER REGISTRATION

    SEC. 1051. ANNUAL REPORTS ON VOTER REGISTRATION STATISTICS.

        (a) Annual Report.--Not later than 90 days after the end of each
    year, each State shall submit to the Election Assistance Commission and
    Congress a report containing the following categories of information
    for the year:
                (1) The number of individuals who were registered under
            part 2.
                (2) The number of voter registration application forms
            completed by individuals that were transmitted by motor vehicle
            authorities in the State (pursuant to section 5(d) of the
            National Voter Registration Act of 1993) and voter registration
            agencies in the State (as designated under section 7 of such
            Act) to the chief State election official of the State, broken
            down by each such authority and agency.
                (3) The number of such individuals whose voter registration
            application forms were accepted and who were registered to vote
            in the State and the number of such individuals whose forms
            were rejected and who were not registered to vote in the State,
            broken down by each such authority and agency.
                (4) The number of change of address forms and other forms
            of information indicating that an individual's identifying
            information has been changed that were transmitted by such
            motor vehicle authorities and voter registration agencies to
            the chief State election official of the State, broken down by
            each such authority and agency and the type of form
            transmitted.
                (5) The number of individuals on the statewide computerized
            voter registration list (as established and maintained under
            section 303 of the Help America Vote Act of 2002) whose voter
            registration information was revised by the chief State
            election official as a result of the forms transmitted to the
            official by such motor vehicle authorities and voter
            registration agencies (as described in paragraph (3)), broken
            down by each such authority and agency and the type of form
            transmitted.
                (6) The number of individuals who requested the chief State
            election official to revise voter registration information on
            such list, and the number of individuals whose information was
            revised as a result of such a request.
                (7) The number of individuals who were purged from the
            official voter registration list or moved to inactive status,
            broken down by the reason for those actions, including the
            method used for identifying those voters.
        (b) Breakdown of Information.--In preparing the report under this
    section, the State shall, for each category of information described in
    subsection (a), include a breakdown by race, ethnicity, age, and gender
    of the individuals whose information is included in the category, to
    the extent that information on the race, ethnicity, age, and gender of
    such individuals is available to the State.
        (c) Confidentiality of Information.--In preparing and submitting a
    report under this section, the chief State election official shall
    ensure that no information regarding the identification of any
    individual is revealed.
        (d) State Defined.--In this section, a ``State'' includes the
    District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the United
    States Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, and the Commonwealth of
    the Northern Mariana Islands, but does not include any State in which,
    under a State law in effect continuously on and after the date of the
    enactment of this Act, there is no voter registration requirement for
    individuals in the State with respect to elections for Federal office.

    SEC. 1052. ENSURING PRE-ELECTION REGISTRATION DEADLINES ARE CONSISTENT
                  WITH TIMING OF LEGAL PUBLIC HOLIDAYS.

        (a) In General.--Section 8(a)(1) of the National Voter Registration
    Act of 1993 (52 U.S.C. 20507(a)(1)) is amended by striking ``30 days''
    each place it appears and inserting ``28 days''.
        (b) Effective Date.--The amendment made by subsection (a) shall
    apply with respect to elections held in 2022 or any succeeding year.

    SEC. 1053. USE OF POSTAL SERVICE HARD COPY CHANGE OF ADDRESS FORM TO
                  REMIND INDIVIDUALS TO UPDATE VOTER REGISTRATION.

        (a) In General.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the
    enactment of this Act, the Postmaster General shall modify any hard
    copy change of address form used by the United States Postal Service so
    that such form contains a reminder that any individual using such form
    should update the individual's voter registration as a result of any
    change in address.
        (b) Application.--The requirement in subsection (a) shall not apply
    to any electronic version of a change of address form used by the
    United States Postal Service.

    SEC. 1054. GRANTS TO STATES FOR ACTIVITIES TO ENCOURAGE INVOLVEMENT OF
                  MINORS IN ELECTION ACTIVITIES.

        (a) Grants.--
                (1) In general.--The Election Assistance Commission
            (hereafter in this section referred to as the ``Commission'')
            shall make grants to eligible States to enable such States to
            carry out a plan to increase the involvement of individuals
            under 18 years of age in public election activities in the
            State.
                (2) Contents of plans.--A State's plan under this
            subsection shall include--
                        (A) methods to promote the use of the pre-
                    registration process implemented under section 8A of
                    the National Voter Registration Act of 1993 (as added
                    by section 2(a));
                        (B) modifications to the curriculum of secondary
                    schools in the State to promote civic engagement; and
                        (C) such other activities to encourage the
                    involvement of young people in the electoral process as
                    the State considers appropriate.
        (b) Eligibility.--A State is eligible to receive a grant under this
    section if the State submits to the Commission, at such time and in
    such form as the Commission may require, an application containing--
                (1) a description of the State's plan under subsection (a);
                (2) a description of the performance measures and targets
            the State will use to determine its success in carrying out the
            plan; and
                (3) such other information and assurances as the Commission
            may require.
        (c) Period of Grant; Report.--
                (1) Period of grant.--A State receiving a grant under this
            section shall use the funds provided by the grant over a 2-year
            period agreed to between the State and the Commission.
                (2) Report.--Not later than 6 months after the end of the
            2-year period agreed to under paragraph (1), the State shall
            submit to the Commission a report on the activities the State
            carried out with the funds provided by the grant, and shall
            include in the report an analysis of the extent to which the
            State met the performance measures and targets included in its
            application under subsection (b)(2).
        (d) State Defined.--In this section, the term ``State'' means each
    of the several States and the District of Columbia.
        (e) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be
    appropriated for grants under this section $25,000,000, to remain
    available until expended.

    SEC. 1055. PERMISSION TO PLACE EXHIBITS.

        The Secretary of Homeland Security shall implement procedures to
    allow the chief election officer of a State to provide information
    about voter registration, including through a display or exhibit, after
    the conclusion of an administrative naturalization ceremony in that
    State.

    SEC. 1056. REQUIRING STATES TO ESTABLISH AND OPERATE VOTER PRIVACY
                  PROGRAMS.

        (a) In General.--Each State shall establish and operate a privacy
    program to enable victims of domestic violence, dating violence,
    stalking, sexual assault, and trafficking to have personally
    identifiable information that the State or local election officials
    maintain with respect to an individual voter registration status for
    purposes of elections for Federal office in the State, including
    addresses, be kept confidential.
        (b) Notice.--Each State shall notify residents of that State of the
    information that State and local election officials maintain with
    respect to an individual voter registration status for purposes of
    elections for Federal office in the State, how that information is
    shared or sold and with whom, what information is automatically kept
    confidential, what information is needed to access voter information
    online, and the privacy programs that are available.
        (c) Public Availability.--Each State shall make information about
    the program established under subsection (a) available on a publicly
    accessible website.
        (d) Definitions.--In this section:
                (1) The terms ``domestic violence'', ``stalking'', ``sexual
            assault'', and ``dating violence'' have the meanings given such
            terms in section 40002 of the Violence Against Women Act of
            1994 (34 U.S.C. 12291).
                (2) The term ``trafficking'' means an act or practice
            described in paragraph (11) or (12) of section 103 of the
            Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000 (22 U.S.C. 7102).

    SEC. 1057. INCLUSION OF VOTER REGISTRATION INFORMATION WITH CERTAIN
                  LEASES AND VOUCHERS FOR FEDERALLY ASSISTED RENTAL HOUSING
                  AND MORTGAGE APPLICATIONS.

        (a) Development of Uniform Statement.--The Director of the Bureau
    of Consumer Financial Protection, in coordination with the Election
    Assistance Commission, shall develop a uniform statement designed to
    provide recipients of such statement pursuant to this section of how
    they can register to vote and their voting rights under law.
        (b) Leases and Vouchers for Federally Assisted Rental Housing.--The
    Secretary of Housing and Urban Development shall require--
                (1) each public housing agency to provide a copy of the
            uniform statement developed pursuant to subsection (a) to each
            lessee of a dwelling unit in public housing administered by
            such agency--
                        (A) together with the lease for such a dwelling
                    unit, at the same time such lease is provided to the
                    lessee; and
                        (B) together with any income verification form, at
                    the same time such form is provided to the lessee;
                (2) each public housing agency that administers rental
            assistance under the Housing Choice Voucher program under
            section 8(o) of the United States Housing Act of 1937 (42
            U.S.C. 1437f(o)), including the program under paragraph (13) of
            such section 8(o), to provide a copy of the uniform statement
            developed pursuant to subsection (a) to each assisted family or
            individual--
                        (A) together with the voucher for such assistance,
                    at the time such voucher is issued for such family or
                    individual; and
                        (B) together with any income verification form, at
                    the same time such form is provided to the applicant or
                    assisted family or individual; and
                (3) each owner of a dwelling unit assisted with Federal
            project-based rental assistance to provide a copy of the
            uniform statement developed pursuant to subsection (a) to
            provide to the lessee of such dwelling unit--
                        (A) together with the lease for such dwelling unit,
                    at the same time such form is provided to the lessee;
                    and
                        (B) together with any income verification form, at
                    the same time such form is provided to the applicant or
                    tenant;
            except that the Secretary of Agriculture shall administer the
            requirement under this paragraph with respect to Federal
            project-based rental assistance specified in subsection
            (e)(1)(D).
        (c) Applications for Residential Mortgage Loans.--The Director of
    the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection shall require each creditor
    that receives an application (within the meaning of such term as used
    in the Equal Credit Opportunity Act (15 U.S.C. 1691)) for a residential
    mortgage loan to provide a copy of the uniform statement developed
    pursuant to subsection (a) in written form to the applicant for such
    residential mortgage loan, within 5 business days of the date of
    application.
        (d) Optional Completion of Application.--Nothing in this section
    may be construed to require any individual to complete an application
    for voter registration.
        (e) Definitions.--As used in this section:
                (1) Federal project-based rental assistance.--The term
            ``Federal project-based rental assistance'' means project-based
            rental assistance provided under--
                        (A) section 8 of the United States Housing Act of
                    1937 (42 U.S.C. 1437f);
                        (B) section 202 of the Housing Act of 1959 (12
                    U.S.C. 1701q);
                        (C) section 811 of the Cranston-Gonzalez National
                    Affordable Housing Act (42 U.S.C. 8013);
                        (D) title V of the Housing Act of 1949 (42 U.S.C.
                    1471 et seq.), including voucher assistance under
                    section 542 of such title (42 U.S.C. 1490r);
                        (E) subtitle D of title VIII of the Cranston-
                    Gonzalez National Affordable Housing Act (42 U.S.C.
                    12901 et seq.);
                        (F) title II of the Cranston-Gonzalez National
                    Affordable Housing Act (42 U.S.C. 12721 et seq.);
                        (G) the Housing Trust Fund program under section
                    1338 of the federal Housing Enterprises Financial
                    Safety and Soundness Act of 1992 (12 U.S.C. 4588); or
                        (H) subtitle C of title IV of the McKinney-Vento
                    Homeless Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 11381 et seq.).
                (2) Owner.--The term ``owner'' has the meaning given such
            term in section 8(f) of the United States Housing Act of 1937
            (42 U.S.C. 1437f(f)).
                (3) Public housing; public housing agency.--The terms
            ``public housing'' and ``public housing agency'' have the
            meanings given such terms in section 3(b) of the United States
            Housing Act of 1937 (42 U.S.C. 1437a(b)).
                (4) Residential mortgage loan.--The term ``residential
            mortgage loan'' includes any loan which is secured by a first
            or subordinate lien on residential real property (including
            individual units of condominiums and cooperatives) designed
            principally for the occupancy of from 1- to 4- families.
        (f) Regulations.--The Secretary of Housing and Urban Development,
    the Secretary of Agriculture, and the Director of the Consumer
    Financial Protection Bureau may issue such regulations as may be
    necessary to carry out this section.

               PART 6--AVAILABILITY OF HAVA REQUIREMENTS PAYMENTS

    SEC. 1061. AVAILABILITY OF REQUIREMENTS PAYMENTS UNDER HAVA TO COVER
                  COSTS OF COMPLIANCE WITH NEW REQUIREMENTS.

        (a) In General.--Section 251(b) of the Help America Vote Act of
    2002 (52 U.S.C. 21001(b)) is amended--
                (1) in paragraph (1), by striking ``as provided in
            paragraphs (2) and (3)'' and inserting ``as otherwise provided
            in this subsection''; and
                (2) by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
                ``(4) Certain voter registration activities.--A State may
            use a requirements payment to carry out any of the requirements
            of the Voter Registration Modernization Act of 2021, including
            the requirements of the National Voter Registration Act of 1993
            which are imposed pursuant to the amendments made to such Act
            by the Voter Registration Modernization Act of 2021.''.
        (b) Conforming Amendment.--Section 254(a)(1) of such Act (52 U.S.C.
    21004(a)(1)) is amended by striking ``section 251(a)(2)'' and inserting
    ``section 251(b)(2)''.
        (c) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall
    apply with respect to fiscal year 2022 and each succeeding fiscal year.

            PART 7--PROHIBITING INTERFERENCE WITH VOTER REGISTRATION

    SEC. 1071. PROHIBITING HINDERING, INTERFERING WITH, OR PREVENTING VOTER
                  REGISTRATION.

        (a) In General.--Chapter 29 of title 18, United States Code is
    amended by adding at the end the following new section:
    ``Sec. 612. Hindering, interfering with, or preventing registering to
                  vote
        ``(a) Prohibition.--It shall be unlawful for any person, whether
    acting under color of law or otherwise, to corruptly hinder, interfere
    with, or prevent another person from registering to vote or to
    corruptly hinder, interfere with, or prevent another person from aiding
    another person in registering to vote.
        ``(b) Attempt.--Any person who attempts to commit any offense
    described in subsection (a) shall be subject to the same penalties as
    those prescribed for the offense that the person attempted to commit.
        ``(c) Penalty.--Any person who violates subsection (a) shall be
    fined under this title, imprisoned not more than 5 years, or both.''.
        (b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of sections for chapter 29 of
    title 18, United States Code is amended by adding at the end the
    following new item:

    ``612. Hindering, interfering with, or preventing registering to
                                vote.''.
        (c) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall
    apply with respect to elections held on or after the date of the
    enactment of this Act, except that no person may be found to have
    violated section 612 of title 18, United States Code (as added by
    subsection (a)), on the basis of any act occurring prior to the date of
    the enactment of this Act.

    SEC. 1072. ESTABLISHMENT OF BEST PRACTICES.

        (a) Best Practices.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the
    enactment of this Act, the Election Assistance Commission shall develop
    and publish recommendations for best practices for States to use to
    deter and prevent violations of section 612 of title 18, United States
    Code (as added by section 1071), and section 12 of the National Voter
    Registration Act of 1993 (52 U.S.C. 20511) (relating to the unlawful
    interference with registering to vote, or voting, or attempting to
    register to vote or vote), including practices to provide for the
    posting of relevant information at polling places and voter
    registration agencies under such Act, the training of poll workers and
    election officials, and relevant educational materials. For purposes of
    this subsection, the term ``State'' includes the District of Columbia,
    the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Guam, American Samoa, the United
    States Virgin Islands, and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana
    Islands.
        (b) Inclusion in Voter Information Requirements.--Section 302(b)(2)
    of the Help America Vote Act of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 21082(b)(2)) is
    amended--
                (1) by striking ``and'' at the end of subparagraph (E);
                (2) by striking the period at the end of subparagraph (F)
            and inserting ``; and''; and
                (3) by adding at the end the following new subparagraph:
                        ``(G) information relating to the prohibitions of
                    section 612 of title 18, United States Code, and
                    section 12 of the National Voter Registration Act of
                    1993 (52 U.S.C. 20511) (relating to the unlawful
                    interference with registering to vote, or voting, or
                    attempting to register to vote or vote), including
                    information on how individuals may report allegations
                    of violations of such prohibitions.''.

                   PART 8--VOTER REGISTRATION EFFICIENCY ACT

    SEC. 1081. SHORT TITLE.

        This part may be cited as the ``Voter Registration Efficiency
    Act''.

    SEC. 1082. REQUIRING APPLICANTS FOR MOTOR VEHICLE DRIVER'S LICENSES IN
                  NEW STATE TO INDICATE WHETHER STATE SERVES AS RESIDENCE
                  FOR VOTER REGISTRATION PURPOSES.

        (a) Requirements for Applicants for Licenses.--Section 5(d) of the
    National Voter Registration Act of 1993 (52 U.S.C. 20504(d)) is
    amended--
                (1) by striking ``Any change'' and inserting ``(1) Any
            change''; and
                (2) by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
                ``(2)(A) A State motor vehicle authority shall require each
            individual applying for a motor vehicle driver's license in the
            State--
                                ``(i) to indicate whether the individual
                            resides in another State or resided in another
                            State prior to applying for the license, and,
                            if so, to identify the State involved; and
                                ``(ii) to indicate whether the individual
                            intends for the State to serve as the
                            individual's residence for purposes of
                            registering to vote in elections for Federal
                            office.
                        ``(B) If pursuant to subparagraph (A)(ii) an
                    individual indicates to the State motor vehicle
                    authority that the individual intends for the State to
                    serve as the individual's residence for purposes of
                    registering to vote in elections for Federal office,
                    the authority shall notify the motor vehicle authority
                    of the State identified by the individual pursuant to
                    subparagraph (A)(i), who shall notify the chief State
                    election official of such State that the individual no
                    longer intends for that State to serve as the
                    individual's residence for purposes of registering to
                    vote in elections for Federal office.''.
        (b) Effective Date.--The amendments made by subsection (a) shall
    take effect with respect to elections occurring in 2021 or any
    succeeding year.

     PART 9--PROVIDING VOTER REGISTRATION INFORMATION TO SECONDARY SCHOOL
                                    STUDENTS

    SEC. 1091. PILOT PROGRAM FOR PROVIDING VOTER REGISTRATION INFORMATION
                  TO SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS PRIOR TO GRADUATION.

        (a) Pilot Program.--The Election Assistance Commission (hereafter
    in this part referred to as the ``Commission'') shall carry out a pilot
    program under which the Commission shall provide funds during the 1-
    year period beginning after the date of the enactment of this part to
    eligible local educational agencies for initiatives to provide
    information on registering to vote in elections for public office to
    secondary school students in the 12th grade.
        (b) Eligibility.--A local educational agency is eligible to receive
    funds under the pilot program under this part if the agency submits to
    the Commission, at such time and in such form as the Commission may
    require, an application containing--
                (1) a description of the initiatives the agency intends to
            carry out with the funds;
                (2) a description of how the agency will prioritize access
            to such initiatives for schools that serve--
                        (A) the highest numbers or percentages of students
                    counted under section 1124(c) of the Elementary and
                    Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 6333(c));
                    and
                        (B) the highest percentages of students who are
                    eligible for a free or reduced price lunch under the
                    Richard B. Russell National School Lunch Act (42 U.S.C.
                    1751 et seq.) (which, in the case of a high school, may
                    be calculated using comparable data from the schools
                    that feed into the high school), as compared to other
                    public schools in the jurisdiction of the agency;
                (3) an estimate of the costs associated with such
            initiatives; and
                (4) such other information and assurances as the Commission
            may require.
        (c) Priority for Schools Receiving Title I Funds.--In selecting
    among eligible local educational agencies for receiving funds under the
    pilot program under this part, the Commission shall give priority to
    local educational agencies that receive funds under part A of title I
    of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 6311
    et seq.).
        (d) Consultation With Election Officials.--A local educational
    agency receiving funds under the pilot program shall consult with the
    State and local election officials who are responsible for
    administering elections for public office in the area served by the
    agency in developing the initiatives the agency will carry out with the
    funds.
        (e) Definitions.--In this part, the terms ``local educational
    agency'' and ``secondary school'' have the meanings given such terms in
    section 8101 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20
    U.S.C. 7801).

    SEC. 1092. REPORTS.

        (a) Reports by Recipients of Funds.--Not later than the expiration
    of the 90-day period which begins on the date of the receipt of the
    funds, each local educational agency receiving funds under the pilot
    program under this part shall submit a report to the Commission
    describing the initiatives carried out with the funds and analyzing
    their effectiveness.
        (b) Report by Commission.--Not later than the expiration of the 60-
    day period which begins on the date the Commission receives the final
    report submitted by a local educational agency under subsection (a),
    the Commission shall submit a report to Congress on the pilot program
    under this part.

    SEC. 1093. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

        There are authorized to be appropriated such sums as may be
    necessary to carry out this part.

                     PART 10--VOTER REGISTRATION OF MINORS

    SEC. 1094. ACCEPTANCE OF VOTER REGISTRATION APPLICATIONS FROM
                  INDIVIDUALS UNDER 18 YEARS OF AGE.

        (a) Acceptance of Applications.--Section 8 of the National Voter
    Registration Act of 1993 (52 U.S.C. 20507), as amended by section 1004,
    is amended--
                (1) by redesignating subsection (k) as subsection (l); and
                (2) by inserting after subsection (j) the following new
            subsection:
        ``(k) Acceptance of Applications From Individuals Under 18 Years of
    Age.--
                ``(1) In general.--A State may not refuse to accept or
            process an individual's application to register to vote in
            elections for Federal office on the grounds that the individual
            is under 18 years of age at the time the individual submits the
            application, so long as the individual is at least 16 years of
            age at such time.
                ``(2) No effect on state voting age requirements.--Nothing
            in paragraph (1) may be construed to require a State to permit
            an individual who is under 18 years of age at the time of an
            election for Federal office to vote in the election.''.
        (b) Effective Date.--The amendment made by subsection (a) shall
    apply with respect to elections occurring on or after January 1, 2022.

         Subtitle B--Access to Voting for Individuals With Disabilities

    SEC. 1101. REQUIREMENTS FOR STATES TO PROMOTE ACCESS TO VOTER
                  REGISTRATION AND VOTING FOR INDIVIDUALS WITH
                  DISABILITIES.

        (a) Requirements.--Subtitle A of title III of the Help America Vote
    Act of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 21081 et seq.), as amended by section 1031(a),
    is amended--
                (1) by redesignating sections 305 and 306 as sections 306
            and 307; and
                (2) by inserting after section 304 the following new
            section:

    ``SEC. 305. ACCESS TO VOTER REGISTRATION AND VOTING FOR INDIVIDUALS
                  WITH DISABILITIES.

        ``(a) Treatment of Applications and Ballots.--Each State shall--
                ``(1) permit individuals with disabilities to use absentee
            registration procedures and to vote by absentee ballot in
            elections for Federal office;
                ``(2) accept and process, with respect to any election for
            Federal office, any otherwise valid voter registration
            application and absentee ballot application from an individual
            with a disability if the application is received by the
            appropriate State election official within the deadline for the
            election which is applicable under Federal law;
                ``(3) in addition to any other method of registering to
            vote or applying for an absentee ballot in the State, establish
            procedures--
                        ``(A) for individuals with disabilities to request
                    by mail and electronically voter registration
                    applications and absentee ballot applications with
                    respect to elections for Federal office in accordance
                    with subsection (c);
                        ``(B) for States to send by mail and electronically
                    (in accordance with the preferred method of
                    transmission designated by the individual under
                    subparagraph (C)) voter registration applications and
                    absentee ballot applications requested under
                    subparagraph (A) in accordance with subsection (c));
                    and
                        ``(C) by which such an individual can designate
                    whether the individual prefers that such voter
                    registration application or absentee ballot application
                    be transmitted by mail or electronically;
                ``(4) in addition to any other method of transmitting blank
            absentee ballots in the State, establish procedures for
            transmitting by mail and electronically blank absentee ballots
            to individuals with disabilities with respect to elections for
            Federal office in accordance with subsection (d);
                ``(5) transmit a validly requested absentee ballot to an
            individual with a disability--
                        ``(A) except as provided in subsection (e), in the
                    case in which the request is received at least 45 days
                    before an election for Federal office, not later than
                    45 days before the election; and
                        ``(B) in the case in which the request is received
                    less than 45 days before an election for Federal
                    office--
                                ``(i) in accordance with State law; and
                                ``(ii) if practicable and as determined
                            appropriate by the State, in a manner that
                            expedites the transmission of such absentee
                            ballot; and
                ``(6) if the State declares or otherwise holds a runoff
            election for Federal office, establish a written plan that
            provides absentee ballots are made available to individuals
            with disabilities in a manner that gives them sufficient time
            to vote in the runoff election.
        ``(b) Designation of Single State Office To Provide Information on
    Registration and Absentee Ballot Procedures for All Disabled Voters in
    State.--Each State shall designate a single office which shall be
    responsible for providing information regarding voter registration
    procedures and absentee ballot procedures to be used by individuals
    with disabilities with respect to elections for Federal office to all
    individuals with disabilities who wish to register to vote or vote in
    any jurisdiction in the State.
        ``(c) Designation of Means of Electronic Communication for
    Individuals With Disabilities To Request and for States To Send Voter
    Registration Applications and Absentee Ballot Applications, and for
    Other Purposes Related to Voting Information.--
                ``(1) In general.--Each State shall, in addition to the
            designation of a single State office under subsection (b),
            designate not less than 1 means of electronic communication--
                        ``(A) for use by individuals with disabilities who
                    wish to register to vote or vote in any jurisdiction in
                    the State to request voter registration applications
                    and absentee ballot applications under subsection
                    (a)(3);
                        ``(B) for use by States to send voter registration
                    applications and absentee ballot applications requested
                    under such subsection; and
                        ``(C) for the purpose of providing related voting,
                    balloting, and election information to individuals with
                    disabilities.
                ``(2) Clarification regarding provision of multiple means
            of electronic communication.--A State may, in addition to the
            means of electronic communication so designated, provide
            multiple means of electronic communication to individuals with
            disabilities, including a means of electronic communication for
            the appropriate jurisdiction of the State.
                ``(3) Inclusion of designated means of electronic
            communication with informational and instructional materials
            that accompany balloting materials.--Each State shall include a
            means of electronic communication so designated with all
            informational and instructional materials that accompany
            balloting materials sent by the State to individuals with
            disabilities.
                ``(4) Transmission if no preference indicated.--In the case
            where an individual with a disability does not designate a
            preference under subsection (a)(3)(C), the State shall transmit
            the voter registration application or absentee ballot
            application by any delivery method allowable in accordance with
            applicable State law, or if there is no applicable State law,
            by mail.
        ``(d) Transmission of Blank Absentee Ballots by Mail and
    Electronically.--
                ``(1) In general.--Each State shall establish procedures--
                        ``(A) to securely transmit blank absentee ballots
                    by mail and electronically (in accordance with the
                    preferred method of transmission designated by the
                    individual with a disability under subparagraph (B)) to
                    individuals with disabilities for an election for
                    Federal office; and
                        ``(B) by which the individual with a disability can
                    designate whether the individual prefers that such
                    blank absentee ballot be transmitted by mail or
                    electronically.
                ``(2) Transmission if no preference indicated.--In the case
            where an individual with a disability does not designate a
            preference under paragraph (1)(B), the State shall transmit the
            ballot by any delivery method allowable in accordance with
            applicable State law, or if there is no applicable State law,
            by mail.
                ``(3) Application of methods to track delivery to and
            return of ballot by individual requesting ballot.--Under the
            procedures established under paragraph (1), the State shall
            apply such methods as the State considers appropriate, such as
            assigning a unique identifier to the ballot, to ensure that if
            an individual with a disability requests the State to transmit
            a blank absentee ballot to the individual in accordance with
            this subsection, the voted absentee ballot which is returned by
            the individual is the same blank absentee ballot which the
            State transmitted to the individual.
        ``(e) Hardship Exemption.--
                ``(1) In general.--If the chief State election official
            determines that the State is unable to meet the requirement
            under subsection (a)(5)(A) with respect to an election for
            Federal office due to an undue hardship described in paragraph
            (2)(B), the chief State election official shall request that
            the Attorney General grant a waiver to the State of the
            application of such subsection. Such request shall include--
                        ``(A) a recognition that the purpose of such
                    subsection is to individuals with disabilities enough
                    time to vote in an election for Federal office;
                        ``(B) an explanation of the hardship that indicates
                    why the State is unable to transmit such individuals an
                    absentee ballot in accordance with such subsection;
                        ``(C) the number of days prior to the election for
                    Federal office that the State requires absentee ballots
                    be transmitted to such individuals; and
                        ``(D) a comprehensive plan to ensure that such
                    individuals are able to receive absentee ballots which
                    they have requested and submit marked absentee ballots
                    to the appropriate State election official in time to
                    have that ballot counted in the election for Federal
                    office, which includes--
                                ``(i) the steps the State will undertake to
                            ensure that such individuals have time to
                            receive, mark, and submit their ballots in time
                            to have those ballots counted in the election;
                                ``(ii) why the plan provides such
                            individuals sufficient time to vote as a
                            substitute for the requirements under such
                            subsection; and
                                ``(iii) the underlying factual information
                            which explains how the plan provides such
                            sufficient time to vote as a substitute for
                            such requirements.
                ``(2) Approval of waiver request.--The Attorney General
            shall approve a waiver request under paragraph (1) if the
            Attorney General determines each of the following requirements
            are met:
                        ``(A) The comprehensive plan under subparagraph (D)
                    of such paragraph provides individuals with
                    disabilities sufficient time to receive absentee
                    ballots they have requested and submit marked absentee
                    ballots to the appropriate State election official in
                    time to have that ballot counted in the election for
                    Federal office.
                        ``(B) One or more of the following issues creates
                    an undue hardship for the State:
                                ``(i) The State's primary election date
                            prohibits the State from complying with
                            subsection (a)(5)(A).
                                ``(ii) The State has suffered a delay in
                            generating ballots due to a legal contest.
                                ``(iii) The State Constitution prohibits
                            the State from complying with such subsection.
                ``(3) Timing of waiver.--
                        ``(A) In general.--Except as provided under
                    subparagraph (B), a State that requests a waiver under
                    paragraph (1) shall submit to the Attorney General the
                    written waiver request not later than 90 days before
                    the election for Federal office with respect to which
                    the request is submitted. The Attorney General shall
                    approve or deny the waiver request not later than 65
                    days before such election.
                        ``(B) Exception.--If a State requests a waiver
                    under paragraph (1) as the result of an undue hardship
                    described in paragraph (2)(B)(ii), the State shall
                    submit to the Attorney General the written waiver
                    request as soon as practicable. The Attorney General
                    shall approve or deny the waiver request not later than
                    5 business days after the date on which the request is
                    received.
                ``(4) Application of waiver.--A waiver approved under
            paragraph (2) shall only apply with respect to the election for
            Federal office for which the request was submitted. For each
            subsequent election for Federal office, the Attorney General
            shall only approve a waiver if the State has submitted a
            request under paragraph (1) with respect to such election.
        ``(f) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this section may be
    construed to allow the marking or casting of ballots over the internet.
        ``(g) Individual With a Disability Defined.--In this section, an
    `individual with a disability' means an individual with an impairment
    that substantially limits any major life activities and who is
    otherwise qualified to vote in elections for Federal office.
        ``(h) Effective Date.--This section shall apply with respect to
    elections for Federal office held on or after January 1, 2022.''.
        (b) Conforming Amendment Relating to Issuance of Voluntary Guidance
    by Election Assistance Commission.--
                (1) Timing of issuance.--Section 311(b) of such Act (52
            U.S.C. 21101(b)) is amended--
                        (A) by striking ``and'' at the end of paragraph
                    (2);
                        (B) by striking the period at the end of paragraph
                    (3) and inserting ``; and''; and
                        (C) by adding at the end the following new
                    paragraph:
                ``(4) in the case of the recommendations with respect to
            section 305, January 1, 2022.''.
                (2) Redesignation.--Title III of such Act (52 U.S.C. 21081
            et seq.) is amended by redesignating sections 311 and 312 as
            sections 321 and 322.
        (c) Clerical Amendments.--The table of contents of such Act, as
    amended by section 1031(c)), is amended--
                (1) by redesignating the items relating to sections 305 and
            306 as relating to sections 306 and 307;
                (2) by inserting after the item relating to section 304 the
            following new item:

    ``Sec. 305. Access to voter registration and voting for individuals
                                with disabilities.'';
            and
                (3) by redesignating the items relating to sections 311 and
            312 as relating to sections 321 and 322.

    SEC. 1102. EXPANSION AND REAUTHORIZATION OF GRANT PROGRAM TO ASSURE
                  VOTING ACCESS FOR INDIVIDUALS WITH DISABILITIES.

        (a) Purposes of Payments.--Section 261(b) of the Help America Vote
    Act of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 21021(b)) is amended by striking paragraphs (1)
    and (2) and inserting the following:
                ``(1) making absentee voting and voting at home accessible
            to individuals with the full range of disabilities (including
            impairments involving vision, hearing, mobility, or dexterity)
            through the implementation of accessible absentee voting
            systems that work in conjunction with assistive technologies
            for which individuals have access at their homes, independent
            living centers, or other facilities;
                ``(2) making polling places, including the path of travel,
            entrances, exits, and voting areas of each polling facility,
            accessible to individuals with disabilities, including the
            blind and visually impaired, in a manner that provides the same
            opportunity for access and participation (including privacy and
            independence) as for other voters; and
                ``(3) providing solutions to problems of access to voting
            and elections for individuals with disabilities that are
            universally designed and provide the same opportunities for
            individuals with and without disabilities.''.
        (b) Reauthorization.--Section 264(a) of such Act (52 U.S.C.
    21024(a)) is amended by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
                ``(4) For fiscal year 2022 and each succeeding fiscal year,
            such sums as may be necessary to carry out this part.''.
        (c) Period of Availability of Funds.--Section 264 of such Act (52
    U.S.C. 21024) is amended--
                (1) in subsection (b), by striking ``Any amounts'' and
            inserting ``Except as provided in subsection (b), any
            amounts''; and
                (2) by adding at the end the following new subsection:
        ``(c) Return and Transfer of Certain Funds.--
                ``(1) Deadline for obligation and expenditure.--In the case
            of any amounts appropriated pursuant to the authority of
            subsection (a) for a payment to a State or unit of local
            government for fiscal year 2022 or any succeeding fiscal year,
            any portion of such amounts which have not been obligated or
            expended by the State or unit of local government prior to the
            expiration of the 4-year period which begins on the date the
            State or unit of local government first received the amounts
            shall be transferred to the Commission.
                ``(2) Reallocation of transferred amounts.--
                        ``(A) In general.--The Commission shall use the
                    amounts transferred under paragraph (1) to make
                    payments on a pro rata basis to each covered payment
                    recipient described in subparagraph (B), which may
                    obligate and expend such payment for the purposes
                    described in section 261(b) during the 1-year period
                    which begins on the date of receipt.
                        ``(B) Covered payment recipients described.--In
                    subparagraph (A), a `covered payment recipient' is a
                    State or unit of local government with respect to
                    which--
                                ``(i) amounts were appropriated pursuant to
                            the authority of subsection (a); and
                                ``(ii) no amounts were transferred to the
                            Commission under paragraph (1).''.

    SEC. 1103. PILOT PROGRAMS FOR ENABLING INDIVIDUALS WITH DISABILITIES TO
                  REGISTER TO VOTE PRIVATELY AND INDEPENDENTLY AT
                  RESIDENCES.

        (a) Establishment of Pilot Programs.--The Election Assistance
    Commission (hereafter referred to as the ``Commission'') shall, subject
    to the availability of appropriations to carry out this section, make
    grants to eligible States to conduct pilot programs under which
    individuals with disabilities may use electronic means (including the
    internet and telephones utilizing assistive devices) to register to
    vote and to request and receive absentee ballots in a manner which
    permits such individuals to do so privately and independently at their
    own residences.
        (b) Reports.--
                (1) In general.--A State receiving a grant for a year under
            this section shall submit a report to the Commission on the
            pilot programs the State carried out with the grant with
            respect to elections for public office held in the State during
            the year.
                (2) Deadline.--A State shall submit a report under
            paragraph (1) not later than 90 days after the last election
            for public office held in the State during the year.
        (c) Eligibility.--A State is eligible to receive a grant under this
    section if the State submits to the Commission, at such time and in
    such form as the Commission may require, an application containing such
    information and assurances as the Commission may require.
        (d) Timing.--The Commission shall make the first grants under this
    section for pilot programs which will be in effect with respect to
    elections for Federal office held in 2022, or, at the option of a
    State, with respect to other elections for public office held in the
    State in 2022.
        (e) State Defined.--In this section, the term ``State'' includes
    the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Guam,
    American Samoa, the United States Virgin Islands, and the Commonwealth
    of the Northern Mariana Islands.

    SEC. 1104. GAO ANALYSIS AND REPORT ON VOTING ACCESS FOR INDIVIDUALS
                  WITH DISABILITIES.

        (a) Analysis.--The Comptroller General of the United States shall
    conduct an analysis after each regularly scheduled general election for
    Federal office with respect to the following:
                (1) In relation to polling places located in houses of
            worship or other facilities that may be exempt from
            accessibility requirements under the Americans with
            Disabilities Act--
                        (A) efforts to overcome accessibility challenges
                    posed by such facilities; and
                        (B) the extent to which such facilities are used as
                    polling places in elections for Federal office.
                (2) Assistance provided by the Election Assistance
            Commission, Department of Justice, or other Federal agencies to
            help State and local officials improve voting access for
            individuals with disabilities during elections for Federal
            office.
                (3) When accessible voting machines are available at a
            polling place, the extent to which such machines--
                        (A) are located in places that are difficult to
                    access;
                        (B) malfunction; or
                        (C) fail to provide sufficient privacy to ensure
                    that the ballot of the individual cannot be seen by
                    another individual.
                (4) The process by which Federal, State, and local
            governments track compliance with accessibility requirements
            related to voting access, including methods to receive and
            address complaints.
                (5) The extent to which poll workers receive training on
            how to assist individuals with disabilities, including the
            receipt by such poll workers of information on legal
            requirements related to voting rights for individuals with
            disabilities.
                (6) The extent and effectiveness of training provided to
            poll workers on the operation of accessible voting machines.
                (7) The extent to which individuals with a developmental or
            psychiatric disability experience greater barriers to voting,
            and whether poll worker training adequately addresses the needs
            of such individuals.
                (8) The extent to which State or local governments employ,
            or attempt to employ, individuals with disabilities to work at
            polling sites.
        (b) Report.--
                (1) In general.--Not later than 9 months after the date of
            a regularly scheduled general election for Federal office, the
            Comptroller General shall submit to the appropriate
            congressional committees a report with respect to the most
            recent regularly scheduled general election for Federal office
            that contains the following:
                        (A) The analysis required by subsection (a).
                        (B) Recommendations, as appropriate, to promote the
                    use of best practices used by State and local officials
                    to address barriers to accessibility and privacy
                    concerns for individuals with disabilities in elections
                    for Federal office.
                (2) Appropriate congressional committees.--For purposes of
            this subsection, the term ``appropriate congressional
            committees'' means--
                        (A) the Committee on House Administration of the
                    House of Representatives;
                        (B) the Committee on Rules and Administration of
                    the Senate;
                        (C) the Committee on Appropriations of the House of
                    Representatives; and
                        (D) the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate.

                      Subtitle C--Prohibiting Voter Caging

    SEC. 1201. VOTER CAGING AND OTHER QUESTIONABLE CHALLENGES PROHIBITED.

        (a) In General.--Chapter 29 of title 18, United States Code, as
    amended by section 1071(a), is amended by adding at the end the
    following:
    ``Sec. 613. Voter caging and other questionable challenges
        ``(a) Definitions.--In this section--
                ``(1) the term `voter caging document' means--
                        ``(A) a nonforwardable document that is returned to
                    the sender or a third party as undelivered or
                    undeliverable despite an attempt to deliver such
                    document to the address of a registered voter or
                    applicant; or
                        ``(B) any document with instructions to an
                    addressee that the document be returned to the sender
                    or a third party but is not so returned, despite an
                    attempt to deliver such document to the address of a
                    registered voter or applicant, unless at least two
                    Federal election cycles have passed since the date of
                    the attempted delivery;
                ``(2) the term `voter caging list' means a list of
            individuals compiled from voter caging documents; and
                ``(3) the term `unverified match list' means a list
            produced by matching the information of registered voters or
            applicants for voter registration to a list of individuals who
            are ineligible to vote in the registrar's jurisdiction, by
            virtue of death, conviction, change of address, or otherwise;
            unless one of the pieces of information matched includes a
            signature, photograph, or unique identifying number ensuring
            that the information from each source refers to the same
            individual.
        ``(b) Prohibition Against Voter Caging.--No State or local election
    official shall prevent an individual from registering or voting in any
    election for Federal office, or permit in connection with any election
    for Federal office a formal challenge under State law to an
    individual's registration status or eligibility to vote, if the basis
    for such decision is evidence consisting of--
                ``(1) a voter caging document or voter caging list;
                ``(2) an unverified match list;
                ``(3) an error or omission on any record or paper relating
            to any application, registration, or other act requisite to
            voting, if such error or omission is not material to an
            individual's eligibility to vote under section 2004 of the
            Revised Statutes, as amended (52 U.S.C. 10101(a)(2)(B)); or
                ``(4) any other evidence so designated for purposes of this
            section by the Election Assistance Commission,
    except that the election official may use such evidence if it is
    corroborated by independent evidence of the individual's ineligibility
    to register or vote.
        ``(c) Requirements for Challenges by Persons Other Than Election
    Officials.--
                ``(1) Requirements for challenges.--No person, other than a
            State or local election official, shall submit a formal
            challenge to an individual's eligibility to register to vote in
            an election for Federal office or to vote in an election for
            Federal office unless that challenge is supported by personal
            knowledge regarding the grounds for ineligibility which is--
                        ``(A) documented in writing; and
                        ``(B) subject to an oath or attestation under
                    penalty of perjury that the challenger has a good faith
                    factual basis to believe that the individual who is the
                    subject of the challenge is ineligible to register to
                    vote or vote in that election, except a challenge which
                    is based on the age, race, ethnicity, or national
                    origin of the individual who is the subject of the
                    challenge may not be considered to have a good faith
                    factual basis for purposes of this paragraph.
                ``(2) Prohibition on challenges on or near date of
            election.--No person, other than a State or local election
            official, shall be permitted--
                        ``(A) to challenge an individual's eligibility to
                    vote in an election for Federal office on Election Day,
                    or
                        ``(B) to challenge an individual's eligibility to
                    register to vote in an election for Federal office or
                    to vote in an election for Federal office less than 10
                    days before the election unless the individual
                    registered to vote less than 20 days before the
                    election.
        ``(d) Penalties for Knowing Misconduct.--Whoever knowingly
    challenges the eligibility of one or more individuals to register or
    vote or knowingly causes the eligibility of such individuals to be
    challenged in violation of this section with the intent that one or
    more eligible voters be disqualified, shall be fined under this title
    or imprisoned not more than 1 year, or both, for each such violation.
    Each violation shall be a separate offense.
        ``(e) No Effect on Related Laws.--Nothing in this section is
    intended to override the protections of the National Voter Registration
    Act of 1993 (52 U.S.C. 20501 et seq.) or to affect the Voting Rights
    Act of 1965 (52 U.S.C. 10301 et seq.).''.
        (b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of sections for chapter 29 of
    title 18, United States Code, as amended by section 1071(b), is amended
    by adding at the end the following:

    ``613. Voter caging and other questionable challenges.''.

    SEC. 1202. DEVELOPMENT AND ADOPTION OF BEST PRACTICES FOR PREVENTING
                  VOTER CAGING.

        (a) Best Practices.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the
    enactment of this Act, the Election Assistance Commission shall develop
    and publish for the use of States recommendations for best practices to
    deter and prevent violations of section 613 of title 18, United States
    Code, as added by section 1201(a), including practices to provide for
    the posting of relevant information at polling places and voter
    registration agencies, the training of poll workers and election
    officials, and relevant educational measures. For purposes of this
    subsection, the term ``State'' includes the District of Columbia, the
    Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Guam, American Samoa, the United States
    Virgin Islands, and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands.
        (b) Inclusion in Voting Information Requirements.--Section
    302(b)(2) of the Help America Vote Act of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 21082(b)(2)),
    as amended by section 1072(b), is amended--
                (1) by striking ``and'' at the end of subparagraph (F);
                (2) by striking the period at the end of subparagraph (G)
            and inserting ``; and''; and
                (3) by adding at the end the following new subparagraph:
                        ``(H) information relating to the prohibition
                    against voter caging and other questionable challenges
                    (as set forth in section 613 of title 18, United States
                    Code), including information on how individuals may
                    report allegations of violations of such
                    prohibition.''.

       Subtitle D--Prohibiting Deceptive Practices and Preventing Voter
                                  Intimidation

    SEC. 1301. SHORT TITLE.

        This subtitle may be cited as the ``Deceptive Practices and Voter
    Intimidation Prevention Act of 2021''.

    SEC. 1302. PROHIBITION ON DECEPTIVE PRACTICES IN FEDERAL ELECTIONS.

        (a) Prohibition.--Subsection (b) of section 2004 of the Revised
    Statutes (52 U.S.C. 10101(b)) is amended--
                (1) by striking ``No person'' and inserting the following:
                ``(1) In general.--No person''; and
                (2) by inserting at the end the following new paragraphs:
                ``(2) False statements regarding federal elections.--
                        ``(A) Prohibition.--No person, whether acting under
                    color of law or otherwise, shall, within 60 days before
                    an election described in paragraph (5), by any means,
                    including by means of written, electronic, or
                    telephonic communications, communicate or cause to be
                    communicated information described in subparagraph (B),
                    or produce information described in subparagraph (B)
                    with the intent that such information be communicated,
                    if such person--
                                ``(i) knows such information to be
                            materially false; and
                                ``(ii) has the intent to impede or prevent
                            another person from exercising the right to
                            vote in an election described in paragraph (5).
                        ``(B) Information described.--Information is
                    described in this subparagraph if such information is
                    regarding--
                                ``(i) the time, place, or manner of holding
                            any election described in paragraph (5); or
                                ``(ii) the qualifications for or
                            restrictions on voter eligibility for any such
                            election, including--
                                        ``(I) any criminal, civil, or other
                                    legal penalties associated with voting
                                    in any such election; or
                                        ``(II) information regarding a
                                    voter's registration status or
                                    eligibility.
                ``(3) False statements regarding public endorsements.--
                        ``(A) Prohibition.--No person, whether acting under
                    color of law or otherwise, shall, within 60 days before
                    an election described in paragraph (5), by any means,
                    including by means of written, electronic, or
                    telephonic communications, communicate, or cause to be
                    communicated, a materially false statement about an
                    endorsement, if such person--
                                ``(i) knows such statement to be false; and
                                ``(ii) has the intent to impede or prevent
                            another person from exercising the right to
                            vote in an election described in paragraph (5).
                        ``(B) Definition of `materially false'.--For
                    purposes of subparagraph (A), a statement about an
                    endorsement is `materially false' if, with respect to
                    an upcoming election described in paragraph (5)--
                                ``(i) the statement states that a
                            specifically named person, political party, or
                            organization has endorsed the election of a
                            specific candidate for a Federal office
                            described in such paragraph; and
                                ``(ii) such person, political party, or
                            organization has not endorsed the election of
                            such candidate.
                ``(4) Hindering, interfering with, or preventing voting or
            registering to vote.--No person, whether acting under color of
            law or otherwise, shall intentionally hinder, interfere with,
            or prevent another person from voting, registering to vote, or
            aiding another person to vote or register to vote in an
            election described in paragraph (5).
                ``(5) Election described.--An election described in this
            paragraph is any general, primary, run-off, or special election
            held solely or in part for the purpose of nominating or
            electing a candidate for the office of President, Vice
            President, presidential elector, Member of the Senate, Member
            of the House of Representatives, or Delegate or Commissioner
            from a Territory or possession.''.
        (b) Private Right of Action.--
                (1) In general.--Subsection (c) of section 2004 of the
            Revised Statutes (52 U.S.C. 10101(c)) is amended--
                        (A) by striking ``Whenever any person'' and
                    inserting the following:
                ``(1) In general.--Whenever any person''; and
                        (B) by adding at the end the following new
                    paragraph:
                ``(2) Civil action.--Any person aggrieved by a violation of
            subsection (b)(2), (b)(3), or (b)(4) may institute a civil
            action for preventive relief, including an application in a
            United States district court for a permanent or temporary
            injunction, restraining order, or other order. In any such
            action, the court, in its discretion, may allow the prevailing
            party a reasonable attorney's fee as part of the costs.''.
                (2) Conforming amendments.--Section 2004 of the Revised
            Statutes (52 U.S.C. 10101) is amended--
                        (A) in subsection (e), by striking ``subsection
                    (c)'' and inserting ``subsection (c)(1)''; and
                        (B) in subsection (g), by striking ``subsection
                    (c)'' and inserting ``subsection (c)(1)''.
        (c) Criminal Penalties.--
                (1) Deceptive acts.--Section 594 of title 18, United States
            Code, is amended--
                        (A) by striking ``Whoever'' and inserting the
                    following:
        ``(a) Intimidation.--Whoever'';
                        (B) in subsection (a), as inserted by subparagraph
                    (A), by striking ``at any election'' and inserting ``at
                    any general, primary, run-off, or special election'';
                    and
                        (C) by adding at the end the following new
                    subsections:
        ``(b) Deceptive Acts.--
                ``(1) False statements regarding federal elections.--
                        ``(A) Prohibition.--It shall be unlawful for any
                    person, whether acting under color of law or otherwise,
                    within 60 days before an election described in
                    subsection (e), by any means, including by means of
                    written, electronic, or telephonic communications, to
                    communicate or cause to be communicated information
                    described in subparagraph (B), or produce information
                    described in subparagraph (B) with the intent that such
                    information be communicated, if such person--
                                ``(i) knows such information to be
                            materially false; and
                                ``(ii) has the intent to mislead voters, or
                            the intent to impede or prevent another person
                            from exercising the right to vote in an
                            election described in subsection (e).
                        ``(B) Information described.--Information is
                    described in this subparagraph if such information is
                    regarding--
                                ``(i) the time or place of holding any
                            election described in subsection (e); or
                                ``(ii) the qualifications for or
                            restrictions on voter eligibility for any such
                            election, including--
                                        ``(I) any criminal, civil, or other
                                    legal penalties associated with voting
                                    in any such election; or
                                        ``(II) information regarding a
                                    voter's registration status or
                                    eligibility.
                ``(2) Penalty.--Any person who violates paragraph (1) shall
            be fined not more than $100,000, imprisoned for not more than 5
            years, or both.
        ``(c) Hindering, Interfering With, or Preventing Voting or
    Registering To Vote.--
                ``(1) Prohibition.--It shall be unlawful for any person,
            whether acting under color of law or otherwise, to
            intentionally hinder, interfere with, or prevent another person
            from voting, registering to vote, or aiding another person to
            vote or register to vote in an election described in subsection
            (e), including by operating a polling place or ballot box that
            falsely purports to be an official location established for
            such an election by a unit of government.
                ``(2) Penalty.--Any person who violates paragraph (1) shall
            be fined not more than $100,000, imprisoned for not more than 5
            years, or both.
        ``(d) Attempt.--Any person who attempts to commit any offense
    described in subsection (a), (b)(1), or (c)(1) shall be subject to the
    same penalties as those prescribed for the offense that the person
    attempted to commit.
        ``(e) Election Described.--An election described in this subsection
    is any general, primary, run-off, or special election held solely or in
    part for the purpose of nominating or electing a candidate for the
    office of President, Vice President, presidential elector, Senator,
    Member of the House of Representatives, or Delegate or Resident
    Commissioner to the Congress.''.
                (2) Modification of penalty for voter intimidation.--
            Section 594(a) of title 18, United States Code, as amended by
            paragraph (1), is amended by striking ``fined under this title
            or imprisoned not more than one year'' and inserting ``fined
            not more than $100,000, imprisoned for not more than 5 years''.
                (3) Sentencing guidelines.--
                        (A) Review and amendment.--Not later than 180 days
                    after the date of enactment of this Act, the United
                    States Sentencing Commission, pursuant to its authority
                    under section 994 of title 28, United States Code, and
                    in accordance with this section, shall review and, if
                    appropriate, amend the Federal sentencing guidelines
                    and policy statements applicable to persons convicted
                    of any offense under section 594 of title 18, United
                    States Code, as amended by this section.
                        (B) Authorization.--The United States Sentencing
                    Commission may amend the Federal Sentencing Guidelines
                    in accordance with the procedures set forth in section
                    21(a) of the Sentencing Act of 1987 (28 U.S.C. 994
                    note) as though the authority under that section had
                    not expired.
                (4) Payments for refraining from voting.--Subsection (c) of
            section 11 of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 (52 U.S.C. 10307)
            is amended by striking ``either for registration to vote or for
            voting'' and inserting ``for registration to vote, for voting,
            or for not voting''.

    SEC. 1303. CORRECTIVE ACTION.

        (a) Corrective Action.--
                (1) In general.--If the Attorney General receives a
            credible report that materially false information has been or
            is being communicated in violation of paragraphs (2) and (3) of
            section 2004(b) of the Revised Statutes (52 U.S.C. 10101(b)),
            as added by section 1302(a), and if the Attorney General
            determines that State and local election officials have not
            taken adequate steps to promptly communicate accurate
            information to correct the materially false information, the
            Attorney General shall, pursuant to the written procedures and
            standards under subsection (b), communicate to the public, by
            any means, including by means of written, electronic, or
            telephonic communications, accurate information designed to
            correct the materially false information.
                (2) Communication of corrective information.--Any
            information communicated by the Attorney General under
            paragraph (1)--
                        (A) shall--
                                (i) be accurate and objective;
                                (ii) consist of only the information
                            necessary to correct the materially false
                            information that has been or is being
                            communicated; and
                                (iii) to the extent practicable, be by a
                            means that the Attorney General determines will
                            reach the persons to whom the materially false
                            information has been or is being communicated;
                            and
                        (B) shall not be designed to favor or disfavor any
                    particular candidate, organization, or political party.
        (b) Written Procedures and Standards for Taking Corrective
    Action.--
                (1) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the date of
            enactment of this Act, the Attorney General shall publish
            written procedures and standards for determining when and how
            corrective action will be taken under this section.
                (2) Inclusion of appropriate deadlines.--The procedures and
            standards under paragraph (1) shall include appropriate
            deadlines, based in part on the number of days remaining before
            the upcoming election.
                (3) Consultation.--In developing the procedures and
            standards under paragraph (1), the Attorney General shall
            consult with the Election Assistance Commission, State and
            local election officials, civil rights organizations, voting
            rights groups, voter protection groups, and other interested
            community organizations.
        (c) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be
    appropriated to the Attorney General such sums as may be necessary to
    carry out this subtitle.

    SEC. 1304. REPORTS TO CONGRESS.

        (a) In General.--Not later than 180 days after each general
    election for Federal office, the Attorney General shall submit to
    Congress a report compiling all allegations received by the Attorney
    General of deceptive practices described in paragraphs (2), (3), and
    (4) of section 2004(b) of the Revised Statutes (52 U.S.C. 10101(b)), as
    added by section 1302(a), relating to the general election for Federal
    office and any primary, run-off, or a special election for Federal
    office held in the 2 years preceding the general election.
        (b) Contents.--
                (1) In general.--Each report submitted under subsection (a)
            shall include--
                        (A) a description of each allegation of a deceptive
                    practice described in subsection (a), including the
                    geographic location, racial and ethnic composition, and
                    language minority-group membership of the persons
                    toward whom the alleged deceptive practice was
                    directed;
                        (B) the status of the investigation of each
                    allegation described in subparagraph (A);
                        (C) a description of each corrective action taken
                    by the Attorney General under section 4(a) in response
                    to an allegation described in subparagraph (A);
                        (D) a description of each referral of an allegation
                    described in subparagraph (A) to other Federal, State,
                    or local agencies;
                        (E) to the extent information is available, a
                    description of any civil action instituted under
                    section 2004(c)(2) of the Revised Statutes (52 U.S.C.
                    10101(c)(2)), as added by section 1302(b), in
                    connection with an allegation described in subparagraph
                    (A); and
                        (F) a description of any criminal prosecution
                    instituted under section 594 of title 18, United States
                    Code, as amended by section 1302(c), in connection with
                    the receipt of an allegation described in subparagraph
                    (A) by the Attorney General.
                (2) Exclusion of certain information.--
                        (A) In general.--The Attorney General shall not
                    include in a report submitted under subsection (a) any
                    information protected from disclosure by rule 6(e) of
                    the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure or any Federal
                    criminal statute.
                        (B) Exclusion of certain other information.--The
                    Attorney General may determine that the following
                    information shall not be included in a report submitted
                    under subsection (a):
                                (i) Any information that is privileged.
                                (ii) Any information concerning an ongoing
                            investigation.
                                (iii) Any information concerning a criminal
                            or civil proceeding conducted under seal.
                                (iv) Any other nonpublic information that
                            the Attorney General determines the disclosure
                            of which could reasonably be expected to
                            infringe on the rights of any individual or
                            adversely affect the integrity of a pending or
                            future criminal investigation.
        (c) Report Made Public.--On the date that the Attorney General
    submits the report under subsection (a), the Attorney General shall
    also make the report publicly available through the internet and other
    appropriate means.

                       Subtitle E--Democracy Restoration

    SEC. 1401. SHORT TITLE.

        This subtitle may be cited as the ``Democracy Restoration Act of
    2021''.

    SEC. 1402. FINDINGS.

        Congress makes the following findings:
                (1) The right to vote is the most basic constitutive act of
            citizenship. Regaining the right to vote reintegrates
            individuals with criminal convictions into free society,
            helping to enhance public safety.
                (2) Article I, section 4, of the Constitution grants
            Congress ultimate supervisory power over Federal elections, an
            authority which has repeatedly been upheld by the Supreme
            Court.
                (3) Basic constitutional principles of fairness and equal
            protection require an equal opportunity for citizens of the
            United States to vote in Federal elections. The right to vote
            may not be abridged or denied by the United States or by any
            State on account of race, color, gender, or previous condition
            of servitude. The 13th, 14th, 15th, 19th, 24th, and 26th
            Amendments to the Constitution empower Congress to enact
            measures to protect the right to vote in Federal elections. The
            8th Amendment to the Constitution provides for no excessive
            bail to be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and
            unusual punishments inflicted.
                (4) There are 3 areas in which discrepancies in State laws
            regarding criminal convictions lead to unfairness in Federal
            elections:
                        (A) The lack of a uniform standard for voting in
                    Federal elections leads to an unfair disparity and
                    unequal participation in Federal elections based solely
                    on where a person lives.
                        (B) Laws governing the restoration of voting rights
                    after a criminal conviction vary throughout the
                    country, and persons in some States can easily regain
                    their voting rights while in other States persons
                    effectively lose their right to vote permanently.
                        (C) State disenfranchisement laws
                    disproportionately impact racial and ethnic minorities.
                (5) Two States (Maine and Vermont), the District of
            Columbia, and the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico do not
            disenfranchise individuals with criminal convictions at all,
            but 48 States have laws that deny convicted individuals the
            right to vote while they are in prison.
                (6) In some States disenfranchisement results from varying
            State laws that restrict voting while individuals are under the
            supervision of the criminal justice system or after they have
            completed a criminal sentence. In 30 States, convicted
            individuals may not vote while they are on parole and 27 States
            disenfranchise individuals on felony probation as well. In 11
            States, a conviction can result in lifetime disenfranchisement.
                (7) Several States deny the right to vote to individuals
            convicted of certain misdemeanors.
                (8) An estimated 5,200,000 citizens of the United States,
            or about 1 in 44 adults in the United States, currently cannot
            vote as a result of a felony conviction. Of the 5,200,000
            citizens barred from voting, only 24 percent are in prison. By
            contrast, 75 percent of the disenfranchised reside in their
            communities while on probation or parole or after having
            completed their sentences. Approximately 2,200,000 citizens who
            have completed their sentences remain disenfranchised due to
            restrictive State laws. In at least 6 States--Alabama, Florida,
            Kentucky, Mississippi, Tennessee, and Virginia--more than 5
            percent of the total voting-age population is disenfranchised.
                (9) In those States that disenfranchise individuals post-
            sentence, the right to vote can be regained in theory, but in
            practice this possibility is often granted in a non-uniform and
            potentially discriminatory manner. Disenfranchised individuals
            must either obtain a pardon or an order from the Governor or an
            action by the parole or pardon board, depending on the offense
            and State. Individuals convicted of a Federal offense often
            have additional barriers to regaining voting rights.
                (10) State disenfranchisement laws disproportionately
            impact racial and ethnic minorities. More than 6 percent of the
            African-American voting-age population, or 1,800,000 African
            Americans, are disenfranchised. Currently, 1 of every 16
            voting-age African Americans are rendered unable to vote
            because of felony disenfranchisement, which is a rate more than
            3.7 times greater than non-African Americans. Over 6 percent of
            African-American adults are disenfranchised whereas only 1.7
            percent of non-African Americans are. In 7 States (Alabama, 16
            percent; Florida, 15 percent; Kentucky, 15 percent;
            Mississippi, 16 percent; Tennessee, 21 percent; Virginia, 16
            percent; and Wyoming, 36 percent), more than 1 in 7 African
            Americans are unable to vote because of prior convictions,
            twice the national average for African Americans.
                (11) Latino citizens are disproportionately disenfranchised
            based upon their disproportionate representation in the
            criminal justice system. In recent years, Latinos have been
            imprisoned at 2.5 times the rate of Whites. More than 2 percent
            of the voting-age Latino population, or 560,000 Latinos, are
            disenfranchised due to a felony conviction. In 34 states
            Latinos are disenfranchised at a higher rate than the general
            population. In 11 states 4 percent or more of Latino adults are
            disenfranchised due to a felony conviction (Alabama, 4 percent;
            Arizona, 7 percent; Arkansas, 4 percent; Idaho, 4 percent;
            Iowa, 4 percent; Kentucky, 6 percent; Minnesota, 4 percent;
            Mississippi, 5 percent; Nebraska, 6 percent; Tennessee, 11
            percent, Wyoming, 4 percent), twice the national average for
            Latinos.
                (12) Disenfranchising citizens who have been convicted of a
            criminal offense and who are living and working in the
            community serves no compelling State interest and hinders their
            rehabilitation and reintegration into society.
                (13) State disenfranchisement laws can suppress electoral
            participation among eligible voters by discouraging voting
            among family and community members of disenfranchised persons.
            Future electoral participation by the children of
            disenfranchised parents may be impacted as well.
                (14) The United States is the only Western democracy that
            permits the permanent denial of voting rights for individuals
            with felony convictions.

    SEC. 1403. RIGHTS OF CITIZENS.

        The right of an individual who is a citizen of the United States to
    vote in any election for Federal office shall not be denied or abridged
    because that individual has been convicted of a criminal offense unless
    such individual is serving a felony sentence in a correctional
    institution or facility at the time of the election.

    SEC. 1404. ENFORCEMENT.

        (a) Attorney General.--The Attorney General may, in a civil action,
    obtain such declaratory or injunctive relief as is necessary to remedy
    a violation of this subtitle.
        (b) Private Right of Action.--
                (1) In general.--A person who is aggrieved by a violation
            of this subtitle may provide written notice of the violation to
            the chief election official of the State involved.
                (2) Relief.--Except as provided in paragraph (3), if the
            violation is not corrected within 90 days after receipt of a
            notice under paragraph (1), or within 20 days after receipt of
            the notice if the violation occurred within 120 days before the
            date of an election for Federal office, the aggrieved person
            may, in a civil action, obtain declaratory or injunctive relief
            with respect to the violation.
                (3) Exception.--If the violation occurred within 30 days
            before the date of an election for Federal office, the
            aggrieved person need not provide notice to the chief election
            official of the State under paragraph (1) before bringing a
            civil action to obtain declaratory or injunctive relief with
            respect to the violation.

    SEC. 1405. NOTIFICATION OF RESTORATION OF VOTING RIGHTS.

        (a) State Notification.--
                (1) Notification.--On the date determined under paragraph
            (2), each State shall notify in writing any individual who has
            been convicted of a criminal offense under the law of that
            State that such individual has the right to vote in an election
            for Federal office pursuant to the Democracy Restoration Act of
            2021 and may register to vote in any such election and provide
            such individual with any materials that are necessary to
            register to vote in any such election.
                (2) Date of notification.--
                        (A) Felony conviction.--In the case of such an
                    individual who has been convicted of a felony, the
                    notification required under paragraph (1) shall be
                    given on the date on which the individual--
                                (i) is sentenced to serve only a term of
                            probation; or
                                (ii) is released from the custody of that
                            State (other than to the custody of another
                            State or the Federal Government to serve a term
                            of imprisonment for a felony conviction).
                        (B) Misdemeanor conviction.--In the case of such an
                    individual who has been convicted of a misdemeanor, the
                    notification required under paragraph (1) shall be
                    given on the date on which such individual is sentenced
                    by a State court.
        (b) Federal Notification.--
                (1) Notification.--Any individual who has been convicted of
            a criminal offense under Federal law shall be notified in
            accordance with paragraph (2) that such individual has the
            right to vote in an election for Federal office pursuant to the
            Democracy Restoration Act of 2021 and may register to vote in
            any such election and provide such individual with any
            materials that are necessary to register to vote in any such
            election.
                (2) Date of notification.--
                        (A) Felony conviction.--In the case of such an
                    individual who has been convicted of a felony, the
                    notification required under paragraph (1) shall be
                    given--
                                (i) in the case of an individual who is
                            sentenced to serve only a term of probation, by
                            the Assistant Director for the Office of
                            Probation and Pretrial Services of the
                            Administrative Office of the United States
                            Courts on the date on which the individual is
                            sentenced; or
                                (ii) in the case of any individual
                            committed to the custody of the Bureau of
                            Prisons, by the Director of the Bureau of
                            Prisons, during the period beginning on the
                            date that is 6 months before such individual is
                            released and ending on the date such individual
                            is released from the custody of the Bureau of
                            Prisons.
                        (B) Misdemeanor conviction.--In the case of such an
                    individual who has been convicted of a misdemeanor, the
                    notification required under paragraph (1) shall be
                    given on the date on which such individual is sentenced
                    by a court established by an Act of Congress.

    SEC. 1406. DEFINITIONS.

        For purposes of this subtitle:
                (1) Correctional institution or facility.--The term
            ``correctional institution or facility'' means any prison,
            penitentiary, jail, or other institution or facility for the
            confinement of individuals convicted of criminal offenses,
            whether publicly or privately operated, except that such term
            does not include any residential community treatment center (or
            similar public or private facility).
                (2) Election.--The term ``election'' means--
                        (A) a general, special, primary, or runoff
                    election;
                        (B) a convention or caucus of a political party
                    held to nominate a candidate;
                        (C) a primary election held for the selection of
                    delegates to a national nominating convention of a
                    political party; or
                        (D) a primary election held for the expression of a
                    preference for the nomination of persons for election
                    to the office of President.
                (3) Federal office.--The term ``Federal office'' means the
            office of President or Vice President of the United States, or
            of Senator or Representative in, or Delegate or Resident
            Commissioner to, the Congress of the United States.
                (4) Probation.--The term ``probation'' means probation,
            imposed by a Federal, State, or local court, with or without a
            condition on the individual involved concerning--
                        (A) the individual's freedom of movement;
                        (B) the payment of damages by the individual;
                        (C) periodic reporting by the individual to an
                    officer of the court; or
                        (D) supervision of the individual by an officer of
                    the court.

    SEC. 1407. RELATION TO OTHER LAWS.

        (a) State Laws Relating to Voting Rights.--Nothing in this subtitle
    be construed to prohibit the States from enacting any State law which
    affords the right to vote in any election for Federal office on terms
    less restrictive than those established by this subtitle.
        (b) Certain Federal Acts.--The rights and remedies established by
    this subtitle are in addition to all other rights and remedies provided
    by law, and neither rights and remedies established by this Act shall
    supersede, restrict, or limit the application of the Voting Rights Act
    of 1965 (52 U.S.C. 10301 et seq.) or the National Voter Registration
    Act of 1993 (52 U.S.C. 20501 et seq.).

    SEC. 1408. FEDERAL PRISON FUNDS.

        No State, unit of local government, or other person may receive or
    use, to construct or otherwise improve a prison, jail, or other place
    of incarceration, any Federal funds unless that person has in effect a
    program under which each individual incarcerated in that person's
    jurisdiction who is a citizen of the United States is notified, upon
    release from such incarceration, of that individual's rights under
    section 1403.

    SEC. 1409. EFFECTIVE DATE.

        This subtitle shall apply to citizens of the United States voting
    in any election for Federal office held after the date of the enactment
    of this Act.

     Subtitle F--Promoting Accuracy, Integrity, and Security Through Voter-
                        Verified Permanent Paper Ballot

    SEC. 1501. SHORT TITLE.

        This subtitle may be cited as the ``Voter Confidence and Increased
    Accessibility Act of 2021''.

    SEC. 1502. PAPER BALLOT AND MANUAL COUNTING REQUIREMENTS.

        (a) In General.--Section 301(a)(2) of the Help America Vote Act of
    2002 (52 U.S.C. 21081(a)(2)) is amended to read as follows:
                ``(2) Paper ballot requirement.--
                        ``(A) Voter-verified paper ballots.--
                                ``(i) Paper ballot requirement.--(I) The
                            voting system shall require the use of an
                            individual, durable, voter-verified paper
                            ballot of the voter's vote that shall be marked
                            and made available for inspection and
                            verification by the voter before the voter's
                            vote is cast and counted, and which shall be
                            counted by hand or read by an optical character
                            recognition device or other counting device.
                            For purposes of this subclause, the term
                            `individual, durable, voter-verified paper
                            ballot' means a paper ballot marked by the
                            voter by hand or a paper ballot marked through
                            the use of a nontabulating ballot marking
                            device or system, so long as the voter shall
                            have the option to mark his or her ballot by
                            hand.
                                ``(II) The voting system shall provide the
                            voter with an opportunity to correct any error
                            on the paper ballot before the permanent voter-
                            verified paper ballot is preserved in
                            accordance with clause (ii).
                                ``(III) The voting system shall not
                            preserve the voter-verified paper ballots in
                            any manner that makes it possible, at any time
                            after the ballot has been cast, to associate a
                            voter with the record of the voter's vote
                            without the voter's consent.
                                ``(ii) Preservation as official record.--
                            The individual, durable, voter-verified paper
                            ballot used in accordance with clause (i) shall
                            constitute the official ballot and shall be
                            preserved and used as the official ballot for
                            purposes of any recount or audit conducted with
                            respect to any election for Federal office in
                            which the voting system is used.
                                ``(iii) Manual counting requirements for
                            recounts and audits.--(I) Each paper ballot
                            used pursuant to clause (i) shall be suitable
                            for a manual audit, and shall be counted by
                            hand in any recount or audit conducted with
                            respect to any election for Federal office.
                                ``(II) In the event of any inconsistencies
                            or irregularities between any electronic vote
                            tallies and the vote tallies determined by
                            counting by hand the individual, durable,
                            voter-verified paper ballots used pursuant to
                            clause (i), and subject to subparagraph (B),
                            the individual, durable, voter-verified paper
                            ballots shall be the true and correct record of
                            the votes cast.
                                ``(iv) Application to all ballots.--The
                            requirements of this subparagraph shall apply
                            to all ballots cast in elections for Federal
                            office, including ballots cast by absent
                            uniformed services voters and overseas voters
                            under the Uniformed and Overseas Citizens
                            Absentee Voting Act and other absentee voters.
                        ``(B) Special rule for treatment of disputes when
                    paper ballots have been shown to be compromised.--
                                ``(i) In general.--In the event that--
                                        ``(I) there is any inconsistency
                                    between any electronic vote tallies and
                                    the vote tallies determined by counting
                                    by hand the individual, durable, voter-
                                    verified paper ballots used pursuant to
                                    subparagraph (A)(i) with respect to any
                                    election for Federal office; and
                                        ``(II) it is demonstrated by clear
                                    and convincing evidence (as determined
                                    in accordance with the applicable
                                    standards in the jurisdiction involved)
                                    in any recount, audit, or contest of
                                    the result of the election that the
                                    paper ballots have been compromised (by
                                    damage or mischief or otherwise) and
                                    that a sufficient number of the ballots
                                    have been so compromised that the
                                    result of the election could be
                                    changed,
                            the determination of the appropriate remedy
                            with respect to the election shall be made in
                            accordance with applicable State law, except
                            that the electronic tally shall not be used as
                            the exclusive basis for determining the
                            official certified result.
                                ``(ii) Rule for consideration of ballots
                            associated with each voting machine.--For
                            purposes of clause (i), only the paper ballots
                            deemed compromised, if any, shall be considered
                            in the calculation of whether or not the result
                            of the election could be changed due to the
                            compromised paper ballots.''.
        (b) Conforming Amendment Clarifying Applicability of Alternative
    Language Accessibility.--Section 301(a)(4) of such Act (52 U.S.C.
    21081(a)(4)) is amended by inserting ``(including the paper ballots
    required to be used under paragraph (2))'' after ``voting system''.
        (c) Other Conforming Amendments.--Section 301(a)(1) of such Act (52
    U.S.C. 21081(a)(1)) is amended--
                (1) in subparagraph (A)(i), by striking ``counted'' and
            inserting ``counted, in accordance with paragraphs (2) and
            (3)'';
                (2) in subparagraph (A)(ii), by striking ``counted'' and
            inserting ``counted, in accordance with paragraphs (2) and
            (3)'';
                (3) in subparagraph (A)(iii), by striking ``counted'' each
            place it appears and inserting ``counted, in accordance with
            paragraphs (2) and (3)''; and
                (4) in subparagraph (B)(ii), by striking ``counted'' and
            inserting ``counted, in accordance with paragraphs (2) and
            (3)''.

    SEC. 1503. ACCESSIBILITY AND BALLOT VERIFICATION FOR INDIVIDUALS WITH
                  DISABILITIES.

        (a) In General.--Section 301(a)(3)(B) of the Help America Vote Act
    of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 21081(a)(3)(B)) is amended to read as follows:
                        ``(B)(i) ensure that individuals with disabilities
                    and others are given an equivalent opportunity to vote,
                    including with privacy and independence, in a manner
                    that produces a voter-verified paper ballot as for
                    other voters;
                        ``(ii) satisfy the requirement of subparagraph (A)
                    through the use of a sufficient number, but at least
                    one, of voting systems, as determined by the Commission
                    in consultation with the United States Access Board and
                    the National Institute of Standards and Technology,
                    equipped to serve individuals with and without
                    disabilities, including nonvisual and enhanced visual
                    accessibility for the blind and visually impaired, and
                    nonmanual and enhanced manual accessibility for the
                    mobility and dexterity impaired, for all in person
                    voting options; and
                        ``(iii) meet the requirements of subparagraph (A)
                    and paragraph (2)(A) by using a system that--
                                ``(I) allows the voter to privately and
                            independently verify the permanent paper ballot
                            through the presentation, in accessible form,
                            of the printed or marked vote selections from
                            the same printed or marked information that
                            would be used for any vote counting or
                            auditing; and
                                ``(II) allows the voter to privately and
                            independently verify and cast the permanent
                            paper ballot without requiring the voter to
                            manually handle the paper ballot;''.
        (b) Specific Requirement of Study, Testing, and Development of
    Accessible Voting Options.--
                (1) Study and reporting.--Subtitle C of title II of such
            Act (52 U.S.C. 21081 et seq.) is amended--
                        (A) by redesignating section 247 as section 248;
                    and
                        (B) by inserting after section 246 the following
                    new section:

    ``SEC. 247. STUDY AND REPORT ON ACCESSIBLE VOTING OPTIONS.

        ``(a) Grants to Study and Report.--The Commission, in coordination
    with the Access Board and the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security
    Agency, shall make grants to not fewer than three eligible entities to
    study, test, and develop accessible and secure remote voting systems
    and voting, verification, and casting devices to enhance the
    accessibility of voting and verification for individuals with
    disabilities.
        ``(b) Eligibility.--An entity is eligible to receive a grant under
    this part if it submits to the Commission (at such time and in such
    form as the Commission may require) an application containing--
                ``(1) a certification that the entity shall complete the
            activities carried out with the grant not later than January 1,
            2024; and
                ``(2) such other information and certifications as the
            Commission may require.
        ``(c) Availability of Technology.--Any technology developed with
    the grants made under this section shall be treated as non-proprietary
    and shall be made available to the public, including to manufacturers
    of voting systems.
        ``(d) Coordination With Grants for Technology Improvements.--The
    Commission shall carry out this section so that the activities carried
    out with the grants made under subsection (a) are coordinated with the
    research conducted under the grant program carried out by the
    Commission under section 271, to the extent that the Commission
    determines necessary to provide for the advancement of accessible
    voting technology.
        ``(e) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be
    appropriated to carry out subsection (a) $10,000,000, to remain
    available until expended.''.
                (2) Clerical amendment.--The table of contents of such Act
            is amended--
                        (A) by redesignating the item relating to section
                    247 as relating to section 248; and
                        (B) by inserting after the item relating to section
                    246 the following new item:

    ``Sec. 247. Study and report on accessible voting options.''.
        (c) Clarification of Accessibility Standards Under Voluntary Voting
    System Guidance.--In adopting any voluntary guidance under subtitle B
    of title III of the Help America Vote Act with respect to the
    accessibility of the paper ballot verification requirements for
    individuals with disabilities, the Election Assistance Commission shall
    include and apply the same accessibility standards applicable under the
    voluntary guidance adopted for accessible voting systems under such
    subtitle.
        (d) Permitting Use of Funds for Protection and Advocacy Systems To
    Support Actions To Enforce Election-Related Disability Access.--Section
    292(a) of the Help America Vote Act of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 21062(a)) is
    amended by striking ``; except that'' and all that follows and
    inserting a period.

    SEC. 1504. DURABILITY AND READABILITY REQUIREMENTS FOR BALLOTS.

        Section 301(a) of the Help America Vote Act of 2002 (52 U.S.C.
    21081(a)) is amended by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
                ``(7) Durability and readability requirements for
            ballots.--
                        ``(A) Durability requirements for paper ballots.--
                                ``(i) In general.--All voter-verified paper
                            ballots required to be used under this Act
                            shall be marked or printed on durable paper.
                                ``(ii) Definition.--For purposes of this
                            Act, paper is `durable' if it is capable of
                            withstanding multiple counts and recounts by
                            hand without compromising the fundamental
                            integrity of the ballots, and capable of
                            retaining the information marked or printed on
                            them for the full duration of a retention and
                            preservation period of 22 months.
                        ``(B) Readability requirements for paper ballots
                    marked by ballot marking device.--All voter-verified
                    paper ballots completed by the voter through the use of
                    a ballot marking device shall be clearly readable by
                    the voter without assistance (other than eyeglasses or
                    other personal vision enhancing devices) and by an
                    optical character recognition device or other device
                    equipped for individuals with disabilities.''.

    SEC. 1505. STUDY AND REPORT ON OPTIMAL BALLOT DESIGN.

        (a) Study.--The Election Assistance Commission shall conduct a
    study of the best ways to design ballots used in elections for public
    office, including paper ballots and electronic or digital ballots, to
    minimize confusion and user errors.
        (b) Report.--Not later than January 1, 2022, the Election
    Assistance Commission shall submit to Congress a report on the study
    conducted under subsection (a).

    SEC. 1506. PAPER BALLOT PRINTING REQUIREMENTS.

        Section 301(a) of the Help America Vote Act of 2002 (52 U.S.C.
    21081(a)), as amended by section 1504, is further amended by adding at
    the end the following new paragraph:
                ``(8) Printing requirements for ballots.--All paper ballots
            used in an election for Federal office shall be printed in the
            United States on paper manufactured in the United States.''.

    SEC. 1507. EFFECTIVE DATE FOR NEW REQUIREMENTS.

        Section 301(d) of the Help America Vote Act of 2002 (52 U.S.C.
    21081(d)) is amended to read as follows:
        ``(d) Effective Date.--
                ``(1) In general.--Except as provided in paragraph (2),
            each State and jurisdiction shall be required to comply with
            the requirements of this section on and after January 1, 2006.
                ``(2) Special rule for certain requirements.--
                        ``(A) In general.--Except as provided in
                    subparagraphs (B) and (C), the requirements of this
                    section which are first imposed on a State and
                    jurisdiction pursuant to the amendments made by the
                    Voter Confidence and Increased Accessibility Act of
                    2021 shall apply with respect to voting systems used
                    for any election for Federal office held in 2022 or any
                    succeeding year.
                        ``(B) Delay for jurisdictions using certain paper
                    record printers or certain systems using or producing
                    voter-verifiable paper records in 2020.--
                                ``(i) Delay.--In the case of a jurisdiction
                            described in clause (ii), subparagraph (A)
                            shall apply to a voting system in the
                            jurisdiction as if the reference in such
                            subparagraph to `2022' were a reference to
                            `2024', but only with respect to the following
                            requirements of this section:
                                        ``(I) Paragraph (2)(A)(i)(I) of
                                    subsection (a) (relating to the use of
                                    voter-verified paper ballots).
                                        ``(II) Paragraph (3)(B)(ii)(I) and
                                    (II) of subsection (a) (relating to
                                    access to verification from and casting
                                    of the durable paper ballot).
                                        ``(III) Paragraph (7) of subsection
                                    (a) (relating to durability and
                                    readability requirements for ballots).
                                ``(ii) Jurisdictions described.--A
                            jurisdiction described in this clause is a
                            jurisdiction--
                                        ``(I) which used voter verifiable
                                    paper record printers attached to
                                    direct recording electronic voting
                                    machines, or which used other voting
                                    systems that used or produced paper
                                    records of the vote verifiable by
                                    voters but that are not in compliance
                                    with paragraphs (2)(A)(i)(I),
                                    (3)(B)(iii)(i) and (II), and (7) of
                                    subsection (a) (as amended or added by
                                    the Voter Confidence and Increased
                                    Accessibility Act of 2021), for the
                                    administration of the regularly
                                    scheduled general election for Federal
                                    office held in November 2020; and
                                        ``(II) which will continue to use
                                    such printers or systems for the
                                    administration of elections for Federal
                                    office held in years before 2024.
                                ``(iii) Mandatory availability of paper
                            ballots at polling places using grandfathered
                            printers and systems.--
                                        ``(I) Requiring ballots to be
                                    offered and provided.--The appropriate
                                    election official at each polling place
                                    that uses a printer or system described
                                    in clause (ii)(I) for the
                                    administration of elections for Federal
                                    office shall offer each individual who
                                    is eligible to cast a vote in the
                                    election at the polling place the
                                    opportunity to cast the vote using a
                                    blank pre-printed paper ballot which
                                    the individual may mark by hand and
                                    which is not produced by the direct
                                    recording electronic voting machine or
                                    other such system. The official shall
                                    provide the individual with the ballot
                                    and the supplies necessary to mark the
                                    ballot, and shall ensure (to the
                                    greatest extent practicable) that the
                                    waiting period for the individual to
                                    cast a vote is the lesser of 30 minutes
                                    or the average waiting period for an
                                    individual who does not agree to cast
                                    the vote using such a paper ballot
                                    under this clause.
                                        ``(II) Treatment of ballot.--Any
                                    paper ballot which is cast by an
                                    individual under this clause shall be
                                    counted and otherwise treated as a
                                    regular ballot for all purposes
                                    (including by incorporating it into the
                                    final unofficial vote count (as defined
                                    by the State) for the precinct) and not
                                    as a provisional ballot, unless the
                                    individual casting the ballot would
                                    have otherwise been required to cast a
                                    provisional ballot.
                                        ``(III) Posting of notice.--The
                                    appropriate election official shall
                                    ensure there is prominently displayed
                                    at each polling place a notice that
                                    describes the obligation of the
                                    official to offer individuals the
                                    opportunity to cast votes using a pre-
                                    printed blank paper ballot. The notice
                                    shall take into consideration factors
                                    including the linguistic preferences of
                                    voters in the jurisdiction.
                                        ``(IV) Training of election
                                    officials.--The chief State election
                                    official shall ensure that election
                                    officials at polling places in the
                                    State are aware of the requirements of
                                    this clause, including the requirement
                                    to display a notice under subclause
                                    (III), and are aware that it is a
                                    violation of the requirements of this
                                    title for an election official to fail
                                    to offer an individual the opportunity
                                    to cast a vote using a blank pre-
                                    printed paper ballot.
                                        ``(V) Period of applicability.--The
                                    requirements of this clause apply only
                                    during the period in which the delay is
                                    in effect under clause (i).
                        ``(C) Special rule for jurisdictions using certain
                    nontabulating ballot marking devices.--In the case of a
                    jurisdiction which uses a nontabulating ballot marking
                    device which automatically deposits the ballot into a
                    privacy sleeve, subparagraph (A) shall apply to a
                    voting system in the jurisdiction as if the reference
                    in such subparagraph to `any election for Federal
                    office held in 2022 or any succeeding year' were a
                    reference to `elections for Federal office occurring
                    held in 2024 or each succeeding year', but only with
                    respect to paragraph (3)(B)(iii)(II) of subsection (a)
                    (relating to nonmanual casting of the durable paper
                    ballot).''.

                        Subtitle G--Provisional Ballots

    SEC. 1601. REQUIREMENTS FOR COUNTING PROVISIONAL BALLOTS; ESTABLISHMENT
                  OF UNIFORM AND NONDISCRIMINATORY STANDARDS.

        (a) In General.--Section 302 of the Help America Vote Act of 2002
    (52 U.S.C. 21082) is amended--
                (1) by redesignating subsection (d) as subsection (f); and
                (2) by inserting after subsection (c) the following new
            subsections:
        ``(d) Statewide Counting of Provisional Ballots.--
                ``(1) In general.--For purposes of subsection (a)(4),
            notwithstanding the precinct or polling place at which a
            provisional ballot is cast within the State, the appropriate
            election official of the jurisdiction in which the individual
            is registered shall count each vote on such ballot for each
            election in which the individual who cast such ballot is
            eligible to vote.
                ``(2) Effective date.--This subsection shall apply with
            respect to elections held on or after January 1, 2022.
        ``(e) Uniform and Nondiscriminatory Standards.--
                ``(1) In general.--Consistent with the requirements of this
            section, each State shall establish uniform and
            nondiscriminatory standards for the issuance, handling, and
            counting of provisional ballots.
                ``(2) Effective date.--This subsection shall apply with
            respect to elections held on or after January 1, 2022.''.
        (b) Conforming Amendment.--Section 302(f) of such Act (52 U.S.C.
    21082(f)), as redesignated by subsection (a), is amended by striking
    ``Each State'' and inserting ``Except as provided in subsections (d)(2)
    and (e)(2), each State''.

                            Subtitle H--Early Voting

    SEC. 1611. EARLY VOTING.

        (a) Requirements.--Subtitle A of title III of the Help America Vote
    Act of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 21081 et seq.), as amended by section 1031(a)
    and section 1101(a), is amended--
                (1) by redesignating sections 306 and 307 as sections 307
            and 308; and
                (2) by inserting after section 305 the following new
            section:

    ``SEC. 306. EARLY VOTING.

        ``(a) Requiring Voting Prior to Date of Election.--
                ``(1) In general.--Each State shall allow individuals to
            vote in an election for Federal office during an early voting
            period which occurs prior to the date of the election, in the
            same manner as voting is allowed on such date.
                ``(2) Length of period.--The early voting period required
            under this subsection with respect to an election shall consist
            of a period of consecutive days (including weekends) which
            begins on the 15th day before the date of the election (or, at
            the option of the State, on a day prior to the 15th day before
            the date of the election) and ends on the date of the election.
        ``(b) Minimum Early Voting Requirements.--Each polling place which
    allows voting during an early voting period under subsection (a)
    shall--
                ``(1) allow such voting for no less than 10 hours on each
            day;
                ``(2) have uniform hours each day for which such voting
            occurs; and
                ``(3) allow such voting to be held for some period of time
            prior to 9:00 a.m (local time) and some period of time after
            5:00 p.m. (local time).
        ``(c) Location of Polling Places.--
                ``(1) Proximity to public transportation.--To the greatest
            extent practicable, a State shall ensure that each polling
            place which allows voting during an early voting period under
            subsection (a) is located within walking distance of a stop on
            a public transportation route.
                ``(2) Availability in rural areas.--The State shall ensure
            that polling places which allow voting during an early voting
            period under subsection (a) will be located in rural areas of
            the State, and shall ensure that such polling places are
            located in communities which will provide the greatest
            opportunity for residents of rural areas to vote during the
            early voting period.
                ``(3) College campuses.--The State shall ensure that
            polling places which allow voting during an early voting period
            under subsection (a) will be located on campuses of
            institutions of higher education in the State.
        ``(d) Standards.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Commission shall issue standards for
            the administration of voting prior to the day scheduled for a
            Federal election. Such standards shall include the
            nondiscriminatory geographic placement of polling places at
            which such voting occurs.
                ``(2) Deviation.--The standards described in paragraph (1)
            shall permit States, upon providing adequate public notice, to
            deviate from any requirement in the case of unforeseen
            circumstances such as a natural disaster, terrorist attack, or
            a change in voter turnout.
        ``(e) Ballot Processing and Scanning Requirements.--
                ``(1) In general.--The State shall begin processing and
            scanning ballots cast during in-person early voting for
            tabulation at least 14 days prior to the date of the election
            involved.
                ``(2) Limitation.--Nothing in this subsection shall be
            construed to permit a State to tabulate ballots in an election
            before the closing of the polls on the date of the election.
        ``(f) Effective Date.--This section shall apply with respect to the
    regularly scheduled general election for Federal office held in
    November 2022 and each succeeding election for Federal office.''.
        (b) Conforming Amendment Relating to Issuance of Voluntary Guidance
    by Election Assistance Commission.--Section 321(b) of such Act (52
    U.S.C. 21101(b)), as redesignated and amended by section 1101(b), is
    amended--
                (1) by striking ``and'' at the end of paragraph (3);
                (2) by striking the period at the end of paragraph (4) and
            inserting ``; and''; and
                (3) by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
                ``(5) except as provided in paragraph (4), in the case of
            the recommendations with respect to any section added by the
            For the People Act of 2021, June 30, 2022.''.
        (c) Clerical Amendment.--The table of contents of such Act, as
    amended by section 1031(c) and section 1101(c), is amended--
                (1) by redesignating the items relating to sections 306 and
            307 as relating to sections 307 and 308; and
                (2) by inserting after the item relating to section 305 the
            following new item:

    ``Sec. 306. Early voting.''.

                           Subtitle I--Voting by Mail

    SEC. 1621. VOTING BY MAIL.

        (a) Requirements.--Subtitle A of title III of the Help America Vote
    Act of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 21081 et seq.), as amended by section 1031(a),
    section 1101(a), and section 1611(a), is amended--
                (1) by redesignating sections 307 and 308 as sections 308
            and 309; and
                (2) by inserting after section 306 the following new
            section:

    ``SEC. 307. PROMOTING ABILITY OF VOTERS TO VOTE BY MAIL.

        ``(a) Uniform Availability of Absentee Voting to All Voters.--
                ``(1) In general.--If an individual in a State is eligible
            to cast a vote in an election for Federal office, the State may
            not impose any additional conditions or requirements on the
            eligibility of the individual to cast the vote in such election
            by absentee ballot by mail.
                ``(2) Administration of voting by mail.--
                        ``(A) Prohibiting identification requirement as
                    condition of obtaining ballot.--A State may not require
                    an individual to provide any form of identification as
                    a condition of obtaining an absentee ballot, except
                    that nothing in this paragraph may be construed to
                    prevent a State from requiring a signature of the
                    individual or similar affirmation as a condition of
                    obtaining an absentee ballot.
                        ``(B) Prohibiting requirement to provide
                    notarization or witness signature as condition of
                    obtaining or casting ballot.--A State may not require
                    notarization or witness signature or other formal
                    authentication (other than voter attestation) as a
                    condition of obtaining or casting an absentee ballot.
                        ``(C) Deadline for returning ballot.--A State may
                    impose a reasonable deadline for requesting the
                    absentee ballot and related voting materials from the
                    appropriate State or local election official and for
                    returning the ballot to the appropriate State or local
                    election official.
                ``(3) No effect on identification requirements for first-
            time voters registering by mail.--Nothing in this subsection
            may be construed to exempt any individual described in
            paragraph (1) of section 303(b) from meeting the requirements
            of paragraph (2) of such section.
        ``(b) Due Process Requirements for States Requiring Signature
    Verification.--
                ``(1) Requirement.--
                        ``(A) In general.--A State may not impose a
                    signature verification requirement as a condition of
                    accepting and counting an absentee ballot submitted by
                    any individual with respect to an election for Federal
                    office unless the State meets the due process
                    requirements described in paragraph (2).
                        ``(B) Signature verification requirement
                    described.--In this subsection, a `signature
                    verification requirement' is a requirement that an
                    election official verify the identification of an
                    individual by comparing the individual's signature on
                    the absentee ballot with the individual's signature on
                    the official list of registered voters in the State or
                    another official record or other document used by the
                    State to verify the signatures of voters.
                ``(2) Due process requirements.--
                        ``(A) Notice and opportunity to cure discrepancy in
                    signatures.--If an individual submits an absentee
                    ballot and the appropriate State or local election
                    official determines that a discrepancy exists between
                    the signature on such ballot and the signature of such
                    individual on the official list of registered voters in
                    the State or other official record or document used by
                    the State to verify the signatures of voters, such
                    election official, prior to making a final
                    determination as to the validity of such ballot,
                    shall--
                                ``(i) make a good faith effort to
                            immediately notify the individual by mail,
                            telephone, and (if available) text message and
                            electronic mail that--
                                        ``(I) a discrepancy exists between
                                    the signature on such ballot and the
                                    signature of the individual on the
                                    official list of registered voters in
                                    the State or other official record or
                                    document used by the State to verify
                                    the signatures of voters, and
                                        ``(II) if such discrepancy is not
                                    cured prior to the expiration of the
                                    10-day period which begins on the date
                                    the official notifies the individual of
                                    the discrepancy, such ballot will not
                                    be counted; and
                                ``(ii) cure such discrepancy and count the
                            ballot if, prior to the expiration of the 10-
                            day period described in clause (i)(II), the
                            individual provides the official with
                            information to cure such discrepancy, either in
                            person, by telephone, or by electronic methods.
                        ``(B) Notice and opportunity to cure missing
                    signature or other defect.--If an individual submits an
                    absentee ballot without a signature or submits an
                    absentee ballot with another defect which, if left
                    uncured, would cause the ballot to not be counted, the
                    appropriate State or local election official, prior to
                    making a final determination as to the validity of the
                    ballot, shall--
                                ``(i) make a good faith effort to
                            immediately notify the individual by mail,
                            telephone, and (if available) text message and
                            electronic mail that--
                                        ``(I) the ballot did not include a
                                    signature or has some other defect, and
                                        ``(II) if the individual does not
                                    provide the missing signature or cure
                                    the other defect prior to the
                                    expiration of the 10-day period which
                                    begins on the date the official
                                    notifies the individual that the ballot
                                    did not include a signature or has some
                                    other defect, such ballot will not be
                                    counted; and
                                ``(ii) count the ballot if, prior to the
                            expiration of the 10-day period described in
                            clause (i)(II), the individual provides the
                            official with the missing signature on a form
                            proscribed by the State or cures the other
                            defect.
                    This subparagraph does not apply with respect to a
                    defect consisting of the failure of a ballot to meet
                    the applicable deadline for the acceptance of the
                    ballot, as described in subsection (e).
                        ``(C) Other requirements.--An election official may
                    not make a determination that a discrepancy exists
                    between the signature on an absentee ballot and the
                    signature of the individual who submits the ballot on
                    the official list of registered voters in the State or
                    other official record or other document used by the
                    State to verify the signatures of voters unless--
                                ``(i) at least 2 election officials make
                            the determination;
                                ``(ii) each official who makes the
                            determination has received training in
                            procedures used to verify signatures; and
                                ``(iii) of the officials who make the
                            determination, at least one is affiliated with
                            the political party whose candidate received
                            the most votes in the most recent statewide
                            election for Federal office held in the State
                            and at least one is affiliated with the
                            political party whose candidate received the
                            second most votes in the most recent statewide
                            election for Federal office held in the State.
                ``(3) Report.--
                        ``(A) In general.--Not later than 120 days after
                    the end of a Federal election cycle, each chief State
                    election official shall submit to Congress and the
                    Commission a report containing the following
                    information for the applicable Federal election cycle
                    in the State:
                                ``(i) The number of ballots invalidated due
                            to a discrepancy under this subsection.
                                ``(ii) Description of attempts to contact
                            voters to provide notice as required by this
                            subsection.
                                ``(iii) Description of the cure process
                            developed by such State pursuant to this
                            subsection, including the number of ballots
                            determined valid as a result of such process.
                        ``(B) Federal election cycle defined.--For purposes
                    of this subsection, the term `Federal election cycle'
                    means the period beginning on January 1 of any odd
                    numbered year and ending on December 31 of the
                    following year.
                ``(4) Rule of construction.--Nothing in this subsection
            shall be construed--
                        ``(A) to prohibit a State from rejecting a ballot
                    attempted to be cast in an election for Federal office
                    by an individual who is not eligible to vote in the
                    election; or
                        ``(B) to prohibit a State from providing an
                    individual with more time and more methods for curing a
                    discrepancy in the individual's signature, providing a
                    missing signature, or curing any other defect than the
                    State is required to provide under this subsection.
        ``(c) Transmission of Applications, Ballots, and Balloting
    Materials to Voters.--
                ``(1) Automatic transmission of absentee ballot
            applications by mail.--
                        ``(A) Transmission of applications.--Not later than
                    60 days before the date of an election for Federal
                    office, the appropriate State or local election
                    official shall transmit by mail an application for an
                    absentee ballot for the election to each individual who
                    is registered to vote in the election, or, in the case
                    of any State that does not register voters, all
                    individuals who are in the State's central voter file
                    (or if the State does not keep a central voter file,
                    all individuals who are eligible to vote in such
                    election).
                        ``(B) Exception for individuals already receiving
                    applications automatically.--Subparagraph (A) does not
                    apply with respect to an individual to whom the State
                    is already required to transmit an application for an
                    absentee ballot for the election because the individual
                    exercised the option described in subparagraph (D) of
                    paragraph (2) to treat an application for an absentee
                    ballot in a previous election for Federal office in the
                    State as an application for an absentee ballot in all
                    subsequent elections for Federal office in the State.
                        ``(C) Exception for states transmitting ballots
                    without application.--Subparagraph (A) does not apply
                    with respect to a State which transmits a ballot in an
                    election for Federal office in the State to a voter
                    prior to the date of the election without regard to
                    whether or not the voter submitted an application for
                    the ballot to the State.
                        ``(D) Rule of construction.--Nothing in this
                    paragraph may be construed to prohibit an individual
                    from submitting to the appropriate State or local
                    election official an application for an absentee ballot
                    in an election for Federal office, including through
                    the methods described in paragraph (2).
                ``(2) Other methods for applying for absentee ballot.--
                        ``(A) In general.--In addition to such other
                    methods as the State may establish for an individual to
                    apply for an absentee ballot, the State shall permit an
                    individual--
                                ``(i) to submit an application for an
                            absentee ballot online; and
                                ``(ii) to submit an application for an
                            absentee ballot through the use of an automated
                            telephone-based system, subject to the same
                            terms and conditions applicable under this
                            paragraph to the services made available
                            online.
                        ``(B) Treatment of websites.--The State shall be
                    considered to meet the requirements of subparagraph
                    (A)(i) if the website of the appropriate State or local
                    election official allows an application for an absentee
                    ballot to be completed and submitted online and if the
                    website permits the individual--
                                ``(i) to print the application so that the
                            individual may complete the application and
                            return it to the official; or
                                ``(ii) request that a paper copy of the
                            application be transmitted to the individual by
                            mail or electronic mail so that the individual
                            may complete the application and return it to
                            the official.
                        ``(C) Ensuring delivery prior to election.--If an
                    individual who is eligible to vote in an election for
                    Federal office submits an application for an absentee
                    ballot in the election, the appropriate State or local
                    election official shall ensure that the ballot and
                    relating voting materials are received by the
                    individual prior to the date of the election so long as
                    the individual's application is received by the
                    official not later than 5 days (excluding Saturdays,
                    Sundays, and legal public holidays) before the date of
                    the election, except that nothing in this paragraph
                    shall preclude a State or local jurisdiction from
                    allowing for the acceptance and processing of absentee
                    ballot applications submitted or received after such
                    required period.
                        ``(D) Application for all future elections.--At the
                    option of an individual, a State shall treat the
                    individual's application to vote by absentee ballot by
                    mail in an election for Federal office as an
                    application for an absentee ballot by mail in all
                    subsequent Federal elections held in the State.
                ``(3) Same-day processing.--The United States Postal
            Service shall ensure, to the maximum extent practicable, that
            ballots are processed and cleared from any postal facility or
            post office on the same day the ballots are received at such a
            facility or post office.
        ``(d) Accessibility for Individuals With Disabilities.--The State
    shall ensure that all absentee ballot applications, absentee ballots,
    and related voting materials in elections for Federal office are
    accessible to individuals with disabilities in a manner that provides
    the same opportunity for access and participation (including with
    privacy and independence) as for other voters.
        ``(e) Uniform Deadline for Acceptance of Mailed Ballots.--
                ``(1) In general.--A State may not refuse to accept or
            process a ballot submitted by an individual by mail with
            respect to an election for Federal office in the State on the
            grounds that the individual did not meet a deadline for
            returning the ballot to the appropriate State or local election
            official if--
                        ``(A) the ballot is postmarked or otherwise
                    indicated by the United States Postal Service to have
                    been mailed on or before the date of the election, or
                    has been signed by the voter on or before the date of
                    the election; and
                        ``(B) the ballot is received by the appropriate
                    election official prior to the expiration of the 10-day
                    period which begins on the date of the election.
                ``(2) Rule of construction.--Nothing in this subsection
            shall be construed to prohibit a State from having a law that
            allows for counting of ballots in an election for Federal
            office that are received through the mail after the date that
            is 10 days after the date of the election.
        ``(f) Alternative Methods of Returning Ballots.--
                ``(1) In general.--In addition to permitting an individual
            to whom a ballot in an election was provided under this section
            to return the ballot to an election official by mail, the State
            shall permit the individual to cast the ballot by delivering
            the ballot at such times and to such locations as the State may
            establish, including--
                        ``(A) permitting the individual to deliver the
                    ballot to a polling place on any date on which voting
                    in the election is held at the polling place; and
                        ``(B) permitting the individual to deliver the
                    ballot to a designated ballot drop-off location, a
                    tribally designated building, or the office of a State
                    or local election official.
                ``(2) Permitting voters to designate other person to return
            ballot.--The State--
                        ``(A) shall permit a voter to designate any person
                    to return a voted and sealed absentee ballot to the
                    post office, a ballot drop-off location, tribally
                    designated building, or election office so long as the
                    person designated to return the ballot does not receive
                    any form of compensation based on the number of ballots
                    that the person has returned and no individual, group,
                    or organization provides compensation on this basis;
                    and
                        ``(B) may not put any limit on how many voted and
                    sealed absentee ballots any designated person can
                    return to the post office, a ballot drop off location,
                    tribally designated building, or election office.
        ``(g) Ballot Processing and Scanning Requirements.--
                ``(1) In general.--The State shall begin processing and
            scanning ballots cast by mail for tabulation at least 14 days
            prior to the date of the election involved.
                ``(2) Limitation.--Nothing in this subsection shall be
            construed to permit a State to tabulate ballots in an election
            before the closing of the polls on the date of the election.
        ``(h) Prohibiting Certain Restrictions on Access to Voting
    Materials.--
                ``(1) Distribution of absentee ballot applications by third
            parties.--A State may not prohibit any person from providing an
            application for an absentee ballot in the election to any
            individual who is eligible to vote in the election.
                ``(2) Unsolicited provision of voter registration
            applications by election officials.--A State may not prohibit
            an election official from providing an unsolicited application
            to register to vote in an election for Federal office to any
            individual who is eligible to register to vote in the election.
        ``(i) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this section shall be
    construed to affect the authority of States to conduct elections for
    Federal office through the use of polling places at which individuals
    cast ballots.
        ``(j) No Effect on Ballots Submitted by Absent Military and
    Overseas Voters.--Nothing in this section may be construed to affect
    the treatment of any ballot submitted by an individual who is entitled
    to vote by absentee ballot under the Uniformed and Overseas Citizens
    Absentee Voting Act (52 U.S.C. 20301 et seq.).
        ``(k) Effective Date.--This section shall apply with respect to the
    regularly scheduled general election for Federal office held in
    November 2022 and each succeeding election for Federal office.''.
        (b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of contents of such Act, as
    amended by section 1031(c), section 1101(c), and section 1611(c), is
    amended--
                (1) by redesignating the items relating to sections 307 and
            308 as relating to sections 308 and 309; and
                (2) by inserting after the item relating to section 306 the
            following new item:

    ``Sec. 307. Promoting ability of voters to vote by mail.''.
        (c) Development of Alternative Verification Methods.--
                (1) Development of standards.--The National Institute of
            Standards, in consultation with the Election Assistance
            Commission, shall develop standards for the use of alternative
            methods which could be used in place of signature verification
            requirements for purposes of verifying the identification of an
            individual voting by absentee ballot in elections for Federal
            office.
                (2) Public notice and comment.--The National Institute of
            Standards shall solicit comments from the public in the
            development of standards under paragraph (1).
                (3) Deadline.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the
            enactment of this Act, the National Institute of Standards
            shall publish the standards developed under paragraph (1).

    SEC. 1622. ABSENTEE BALLOT TRACKING PROGRAM.

        (a) Requirements.--Subtitle A of title III of the Help America Vote
    Act of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 21081 et seq.), as amended by section 1031(a),
    section 1101(a), section 1611(a), and section 1621(a), is amended--
                (1) by redesignating sections 308 and 309 as sections 309
            and 310; and
                (2) by inserting after section 307 the following new
            section:

    ``SEC. 308. ABSENTEE BALLOT TRACKING PROGRAM.

        ``(a) Requirement.--Each State shall carry out a program to track
    and confirm the receipt of absentee ballots in an election for Federal
    office under which the State or local election official responsible for
    the receipt of voted absentee ballots in the election carries out
    procedures to track and confirm the receipt of such ballots, and makes
    information on the receipt of such ballots available to the individual
    who cast the ballot, by means of online access using the Internet site
    of the official's office.
        ``(b) Information on Whether Vote Was Accepted.--The information
    referred to under subsection (a) with respect to the receipt of an
    absentee ballot shall include information regarding whether the vote
    cast on the ballot was accepted, and, in the case of a vote which was
    rejected, the reasons therefor.
        ``(c) Use of Toll-Free Telephone Number by Officials Without
    Internet Site.--A program established by a State or local election
    official whose office does not have an Internet site may meet the
    requirements of subsection (a) if the official has established a toll-
    free telephone number that may be used by an individual who cast an
    absentee ballot to obtain the information on the receipt of the voted
    absentee ballot as provided under such subsection.
        ``(d) Effective Date.--This section shall apply with respect to the
    regularly scheduled general election for Federal office held in
    November 2022 and each succeeding election for Federal office.''.
        (b) Reimbursement for Costs Incurred by States in Establishing
    Program.--Subtitle D of title II of the Help America Vote Act of 2002
    (42 U.S.C. 15401 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following
    new part:

         ``PART 7--PAYMENTS TO REIMBURSE STATES FOR COSTS INCURRED IN
     ESTABLISHING PROGRAM TO TRACK AND CONFIRM RECEIPT OF ABSENTEE BALLOTS

    ``SEC. 297. PAYMENTS TO STATES.

        ``(a) Payments For Costs of Program.--In accordance with this
    section, the Commission shall make a payment to a State to reimburse
    the State for the costs incurred in establishing the absentee ballot
    tracking program under section 308 (including costs incurred prior to
    the date of the enactment of this part).
        ``(b) Certification of Compliance and Costs.--
                ``(1) Certification required.--In order to receive a
            payment under this section, a State shall submit to the
            Commission a statement containing--
                        ``(A) a certification that the State has
                    established an absentee ballot tracking program with
                    respect to elections for Federal office held in the
                    State; and
                        ``(B) a statement of the costs incurred by the
                    State in establishing the program.
                ``(2) Amount of payment.--The amount of a payment made to a
            State under this section shall be equal to the costs incurred
            by the State in establishing the absentee ballot tracking
            program, as set forth in the statement submitted under
            paragraph (1), except that such amount may not exceed the
            product of--
                        ``(A) the number of jurisdictions in the State
                    which are responsible for operating the program; and
                        ``(B) $3,000.
                ``(3) Limit on number of payments received.--A State may
            not receive more than one payment under this part.

    ``SEC. 297A. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

        ``(a) Authorization.--There are authorized to be appropriated to
    the Commission for fiscal year 2022 and each succeeding fiscal year
    such sums as may be necessary for payments under this part.
        ``(b) Continuing Availability of Funds.--Any amounts appropriated
    pursuant to the authorization under this section shall remain available
    until expended.''.
        (c) Clerical Amendments.--The table of contents of such Act, as
    amended by section 1031(c), section 1101(c), section 1611(c), and
    section 1621(b), is amended--
                (1) by adding at the end of the items relating to subtitle
            D of title II the following:

         ``Part 7--Payments To Reimburse States for Costs Incurred in
     Establishing Program To Track and Confirm Receipt of Absentee Ballots

    ``Sec. 297. Payments to States.
    ``Sec. 297A. Authorization of appropriations.'';
                (2) by redesignating the items relating to sections 308 and
            309 as relating to sections 309 and 310; and
                (3) by inserting after the item relating to section 307 the
            following new item:

    ``Sec. 308. Absentee ballot tracking program.''.

    SEC. 1623. VOTING MATERIALS POSTAGE.

        (a) Prepayment of Postage on Return Envelopes.--
                (1) In general.--Subtitle A of title III of the Help
            America Vote Act of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 21081 et seq.), as amended
            by section 1031(a), section 1101(a), section 1611(a), section
            1621(a), and section 1622(a), is amended--
                        (A) by redesignating sections 309 and 310 as
                    sections 310 and 311; and
                        (B) by inserting after section 308 the following
                    new section:

    ``SEC. 309. PREPAYMENT OF POSTAGE ON RETURN ENVELOPES FOR VOTING
                  MATERIALS.

        ``(a) Provision of Return Envelopes.--The appropriate State or
    local election official shall provide a self-sealing return envelope
    with--
                ``(1) any voter registration application form transmitted
            to a registrant by mail;
                ``(2) any application for an absentee ballot transmitted to
            an applicant by mail; and
                ``(3) any blank absentee ballot transmitted to a voter by
            mail.
        ``(b) Prepayment of Postage.--Consistent with regulations of the
    United States Postal Service, the State or the unit of local government
    responsible for the administration of the election involved shall
    prepay the postage on any envelope provided under subsection (a).
        ``(c) No Effect on Ballots or Balloting Materials Transmitted to
    Absent Military and Overseas Voters.--Nothing in this section may be
    construed to affect the treatment of any ballot or balloting materials
    transmitted to an individual who is entitled to vote by absentee ballot
    under the Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act (52
    U.S.C. 20301 et seq.).
        ``(d) Effective Date.--This section shall take effect on the date
    that is 90 days after the date of the enactment of this section, except
    that--
                ``(1) State and local jurisdictions shall make arrangements
            with the United States Postal Service to pay for all postage
            costs that such jurisdictions would be required to pay under
            this section if this section took effect on the date of
            enactment; and
                ``(2) States shall take all reasonable efforts to provide
            self-sealing return envelopes as provided in this section.''.
                (2) Clerical amendment.--The table of contents of such Act,
            as amended by section 1031(c), section 1101(c), section
            1611(c), and section 1621(b), is amended--
                        (A) by redesignating the items relating to sections
                    309 and 310 as relating to sections 310 and 311; and
                        (B) by inserting after the item relating to section
                    308 the following new item:

    ``Sec. 309. Prepayment of postage on return envelopes for voting
                                materials.''.
        (b) Role of United States Postal Service.--
                (1) In general.--Chapter 34 of title 39, United States
            Code, is amended by adding after section 3406 the following:
    ``Sec. 3407. Voting materials; restrictions on operational changes
                  prior to elections
        ``(a) Any voter registration application, absentee ballot
    application, or absentee ballot with respect to any election for
    Federal office shall be carried in accordance with the service
    standards established for first-class mail, regardless of the class of
    postage prepaid.
        ``(b) In the case of any election mail carried by the Postal
    Service that consists of a ballot, the Postal Service shall indicate on
    the ballot envelope, using a postmark or otherwise--
                ``(1) the fact that the ballot was carried by the Postal
            Service; and
                ``(2) the date on which the ballot was mailed.
        ``(c) During the 120-day period which ends on the date of an
    election for Federal office, the Postal Service may not carry out any
    new operational change that would restrict the prompt and reliable
    delivery of voting materials with respect to the election, including
    voter registration applications, absentee ballot applications, and
    absentee ballots. This paragraph applies to operational changes which
    include removing or eliminating any mail collection box without
    immediately replacing it, and removing, decommissioning, or any other
    form of stopping the operation of mail sorting machines, other than for
    routine maintenance.
        ``(d) The Postal Service shall appoint an Election Mail Coordinator
    in every Postal Area and District to facilitate relevant information
    sharing with State, territorial, local, and tribal election officials
    in regards to the mailing of voter registration applications, absentee
    ballot applications, and absentee ballots.
        ``(e) As used in this section--
                ``(1) the term `absentee ballot' means any ballot
            transmitted by a voter by mail in an election for Federal
            office, but does not include any ballot covered by section
            3406; and
                ``(2) the term `election for Federal office' means a
            general, special, primary, or runoff election for the office of
            President or Vice President, or of Senator or Representative
            in, or Delegate or Resident Commissioner to, the Congress.
        ``(f) Nothing in this section may be construed to affect the
    treatment of any ballot or balloting materials transmitted to an
    individual who is entitled to vote by absentee ballot under the
    Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act (52 U.S.C. 20301 et
    seq.).''.
                (2) Mail-in ballots and postal service barcode service.--
                        (A) In general.--Section 3001 of title 39, United
                    States Code, is amended by adding at the end the
                    following:
        ``(p) Any ballot sent within the United States for an election for
    Federal office is nonmailable and shall not be carried or delivered by
    mail unless the ballot is mailed in an envelope that--
                ``(1) contains a Postal Service barcode (or successive
            service or marking) that enables tracking of each individual
            ballot;
                ``(2) satisfies requirements for ballot envelope design
            that the Postal Service may promulgate by regulation;
                ``(3) satisfies requirements for machineable letters that
            the Postal Service may promulgate by regulation; and
                ``(4) includes the Official Election Mail Logo (or any
            successor label that the Postal Service may establish for
            ballots).''.
                        (B) Application.--The amendment made by subsection
                    (a) shall apply to any election for Federal office
                    occurring after the date of enactment of this Act.
                (3) Clerical amendment.--The table of sections for chapter
            34 of such title is amended by inserting after the item
            relating to section 3406 the following:

    ``3407. Voting materials; restrictions on operational changes prior to
                                elections.''.

    SEC. 1624. STUDY AND REPORT ON VOTE-BY-MAIL PROCEDURES.

        (a) Study.--The Election Assistance Commission shall conduct a
    study on the 2020 elections and compile a list of recommendations to--
                (1) help States transitioning to vote-by-mail procedures;
            and
                (2) improve their current vote-by-mail systems.
        (b) Report.--Not later than January 1, 2022, the Election
    Assistance Commission shall submit to Congress a report on the study
    conducted under subsection (a).

        Subtitle J--Absent Uniformed Services Voters and Overseas Voters

    SEC. 1701. PRE-ELECTION REPORTS ON AVAILABILITY AND TRANSMISSION OF
                  ABSENTEE BALLOTS.

        Section 102(c) of the Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee
    Voting Act (52 U.S.C. 20302(c)) is amended to read as follows:
        ``(c) Reports on Availability, Transmission, and Receipt of
    Absentee Ballots.--
                ``(1) Pre-election report on absentee ballot
            availability.--Not later than 55 days before any regularly
            scheduled general election for Federal office, each State shall
            submit a report to the Attorney General, the Election
            Assistance Commission (hereafter in this subsection referred to
            as the `Commission'), and the Presidential Designee, and make
            that report publicly available that same day, certifying that
            absentee ballots for the election are or will be available for
            transmission to absent uniformed services voters and overseas
            voters by not later than 45 days before the election. The
            report shall be in a form prescribed jointly by the Attorney
            General and the Commission and shall require the State to
            certify specific information about ballot availability from
            each unit of local government which will administer the
            election.
                ``(2) Pre-election report on absentee ballot
            transmission.--Not later than 43 days before any regularly
            scheduled general election for Federal office, each State shall
            submit a report to the Attorney General, the Commission, and
            the Presidential Designee, and make that report publicly
            available that same day, certifying whether all absentee
            ballots have been transmitted by not later than 45 days before
            the election to all qualified absent uniformed services and
            overseas voters whose requests were received at least 45 days
            before the election. The report shall be in a form prescribed
            jointly by the Attorney General and the Commission, and shall
            require the State to certify specific information about ballot
            transmission, including the total numbers of ballot requests
            received and ballots transmitted, from each unit of local
            government which will administer the election.
                ``(3) Post-election report on number of absentee ballots
            transmitted and received.--Not later than 90 days after the
            date of each regularly scheduled general election for Federal
            office, each State and unit of local government which
            administered the election shall (through the State, in the case
            of a unit of local government) submit a report to the Attorney
            General, the Commission, and the Presidential Designee on the
            combined number of absentee ballots transmitted to absent
            uniformed services voters and overseas voters for the election
            and the combined number of such ballots which were returned by
            such voters and cast in the election, and shall make such
            report available to the general public that same day.''.

    SEC. 1702. ENFORCEMENT.

        (a) Availability of Civil Penalties and Private Rights of Action.--
    Section 105 of the Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act
    (52 U.S.C. 20307) is amended to read as follows:

    ``SEC. 105. ENFORCEMENT.

        ``(a) Action by Attorney General.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Attorney General may bring civil
            action in an appropriate district court for such declaratory or
            injunctive relief as may be necessary to carry out this title.
                ``(2) Penalty.--In a civil action brought under paragraph
            (1), if the court finds that the State violated any provision
            of this title, it may, to vindicate the public interest, assess
            a civil penalty against the State--
                        ``(A) in an amount not to exceed $110,000 for each
                    such violation, in the case of a first violation; or
                        ``(B) in an amount not to exceed $220,000 for each
                    such violation, for any subsequent violation.
                ``(3) Report to congress.--Not later than December 31 of
            each year, the Attorney General shall submit to Congress an
            annual report on any civil action brought under paragraph (1)
            during the preceding year.
        ``(b) Private Right of Action.--A person who is aggrieved by a
    State's violation of this title may bring a civil action in an
    appropriate district court for such declaratory or injunctive relief as
    may be necessary to carry out this title.
        ``(c) State as Only Necessary Defendant.--In any action brought
    under this section, the only necessary party defendant is the State,
    and it shall not be a defense to any such action that a local election
    official or a unit of local government is not named as a defendant,
    notwithstanding that a State has exercised the authority described in
    section 576 of the Military and Overseas Voter Empowerment Act to
    delegate to another jurisdiction in the State any duty or
    responsibility which is the subject of an action brought under this
    section.''.
        (b) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall
    apply with respect to violations alleged to have occurred on or after
    the date of the enactment of this Act.

    SEC. 1703. REVISIONS TO 45-DAY ABSENTEE BALLOT TRANSMISSION RULE.

        (a) Repeal of Waiver Authority.--
                (1) In general.--Section 102 of the Uniformed and Overseas
            Citizens Absentee Voting Act (52 U.S.C. 20302) is amended by
            striking subsection (g).
                (2) Conforming amendment.--Section 102(a)(8)(A) of such Act
            (52 U.S.C. 20302(a)(8)(A)) is amended by striking ``except as
            provided in subsection (g),''.
        (b) Requiring Use of Express Delivery in Case of Failure To Meet
    Requirement.--Section 102 of such Act (52 U.S.C. 20302), as amended by
    subsection (a), is amended by inserting after subsection (f) the
    following new subsection:
        ``(g) Requiring Use of Express Delivery in Case of Failure To
    Transmit Ballots Within Deadlines.--
                ``(1) Transmission of ballot by express delivery.--If a
            State fails to meet the requirement of subsection (a)(8)(A) to
            transmit a validly requested absentee ballot to an absent
            uniformed services voter or overseas voter not later than 45
            days before the election (in the case in which the request is
            received at least 45 days before the election)--
                        ``(A) the State shall transmit the ballot to the
                    voter by express delivery; or
                        ``(B) in the case of a voter who has designated
                    that absentee ballots be transmitted electronically in
                    accordance with subsection (f)(1), the State shall
                    transmit the ballot to the voter electronically.
                ``(2) Special rule for transmission fewer than 40 days
            before the election.--If, in carrying out paragraph (1), a
            State transmits an absentee ballot to an absent uniformed
            services voter or overseas voter fewer than 40 days before the
            election, the State shall enable the ballot to be returned by
            the voter by express delivery, except that in the case of an
            absentee ballot of an absent uniformed services voter for a
            regularly scheduled general election for Federal office, the
            State may satisfy the requirement of this paragraph by
            notifying the voter of the procedures for the collection and
            delivery of such ballots under section 103A.
                ``(3) Payment for use of express delivery.--The State shall
            be responsible for the payment of the costs associated with the
            use of express delivery for the transmittal of ballots under
            this subsection.''.
        (c) Clarification of Treatment of Weekends.--Section 102(a)(8)(A)
    of such Act (52 U.S.C. 20302(a)(8)(A)) is amended by striking ``the
    election;'' and inserting the following: ``the election (or, if the
    45th day preceding the election is a weekend or legal public holiday,
    not later than the most recent weekday which precedes such 45th day and
    which is not a legal public holiday, but only if the request is
    received by at least such most recent weekday);''.

    SEC. 1704. USE OF SINGLE ABSENTEE BALLOT APPLICATION FOR SUBSEQUENT
                  ELECTIONS.

        (a) In General.--Section 104 of the Uniformed and Overseas Citizens
    Absentee Voting Act (52 U.S.C. 20306) is amended to read as follows:

    ``SEC. 104. USE OF SINGLE APPLICATION FOR SUBSEQUENT ELECTIONS.

        ``(a) In General.--If a State accepts and processes an official
    post card form (prescribed under section 101) submitted by an absent
    uniformed services voter or overseas voter for simultaneous voter
    registration and absentee ballot application (in accordance with
    section 102(a)(4)) and the voter requests that the application be
    considered an application for an absentee ballot for each subsequent
    election for Federal office held in the State through the next
    regularly scheduled general election for Federal office (including any
    runoff elections which may occur as a result of the outcome of such
    general election), the State shall provide an absentee ballot to the
    voter for each such subsequent election.
        ``(b) Exception for Voters Changing Registration.--Subsection (a)
    shall not apply with respect to a voter registered to vote in a State
    for any election held after the voter notifies the State that the voter
    no longer wishes to be registered to vote in the State or after the
    State determines that the voter has registered to vote in another State
    or is otherwise no longer eligible to vote in the State.
        ``(c) Prohibition of Refusal of Application on Grounds of Early
    Submission.--A State may not refuse to accept or to process, with
    respect to any election for Federal office, any otherwise valid voter
    registration application or absentee ballot application (including the
    postcard form prescribed under section 101) submitted by an absent
    uniformed services voter or overseas voter on the grounds that the
    voter submitted the application before the first date on which the
    State otherwise accepts or processes such applications for that
    election which are submitted by absentee voters who are not members of
    the uniformed services or overseas citizens.''.
        (b) Effective Date.--The amendment made by subsection (a) shall
    apply with respect to voter registration and absentee ballot
    applications which are submitted to a State or local election official
    on or after the date of the enactment of this Act.

    SEC. 1705. EXTENDING GUARANTEE OF RESIDENCY FOR VOTING PURPOSES TO
                  FAMILY MEMBERS OF ABSENT MILITARY PERSONNEL.

        Section 102 of the Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting
    Act (52 U.S.C. 20302) is amended by adding at the end the following new
    subsection:
        ``(j) Guarantee of Residency for Spouses and Dependents of Absent
    Members of Uniformed Service.--For the purposes of voting for in any
    election for any Federal office or any State or local office, a spouse
    or dependent of an individual who is an absent uniformed services voter
    described in subparagraph (A) or (B) of section 107(1) shall not,
    solely by reason of that individual's absence and without regard to
    whether or not such spouse or dependent is accompanying that
    individual--
                ``(1) be deemed to have lost a residence or domicile in
            that State, without regard to whether or not that individual
            intends to return to that State;
                ``(2) be deemed to have acquired a residence or domicile in
            any other State; or
                ``(3) be deemed to have become a resident in or a resident
            of any other State.''.

    SEC. 1706. REQUIRING TRANSMISSION OF BLANK ABSENTEE BALLOTS UNDER
                  UOCAVA TO CERTAIN VOTERS.

        (a) In General.--The Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee
    Voting Act (52 U.S.C. 20301 et seq.) is amended by inserting after
    section 103B the following new section:

    ``SEC. 103C. TRANSMISSION OF BLANK ABSENTEE BALLOTS TO CERTAIN OTHER
                  VOTERS.

        ``(a) In General.--
                ``(1) State responsibilities.--Subject to the provisions of
            this section, each State shall transmit blank absentee ballots
            electronically to qualified individuals who request such
            ballots in the same manner and under the same terms and
            conditions under which the State transmits such ballots
            electronically to absent uniformed services voters and overseas
            voters under the provisions of section 102(f), except that no
            such marked ballots shall be returned electronically.
                ``(2) Requirements.--Any blank absentee ballot transmitted
            to a qualified individual under this section--
                        ``(A) must comply with the language requirements
                    under section 203 of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 (52
                    U.S.C. 10503); and
                        ``(B) must comply with the disability requirements
                    under section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (29
                    U.S.C. 794d).
                ``(3) Affirmation.--The State may not transmit a ballot to
            a qualified individual under this section unless the individual
            provides the State with a signed affirmation in electronic form
            that--
                        ``(A) the individual is a qualified individual (as
                    defined in subsection (b));
                        ``(B) the individual has not and will not cast
                    another ballot with respect to the election; and
                        ``(C) acknowledges that a material misstatement of
                    fact in completing the ballot may constitute grounds
                    for conviction of perjury.
                ``(4) Clarification regarding free postage.--An absentee
            ballot obtained by a qualified individual under this section
            shall be considered balloting materials as defined in section
            107 for purposes of section 3406 of title 39, United States
            Code.
                ``(5) Prohibiting refusal to accept ballot for failure to
            meet certain requirements.--A State shall not refuse to accept
            and process any otherwise valid blank absentee ballot which was
            transmitted to a qualified individual under this section and
            used by the individual to vote in the election solely on the
            basis of the following:
                        ``(A) Notarization or witness signature
                    requirements.
                        ``(B) Restrictions on paper type, including weight
                    and size.
                        ``(C) Restrictions on envelope type, including
                    weight and size.
        ``(b) Qualified Individual.--
                ``(1) In general.--In this section, except as provided in
            paragraph (2), the term `qualified individual' means any
            individual who is otherwise qualified to vote in an election
            for Federal office and who meets any of the following
            requirements:
                        ``(A) The individual--
                                ``(i) has previously requested an absentee
                            ballot from the State or jurisdiction in which
                            such individual is registered to vote; and
                                ``(ii) has not received such absentee
                            ballot at least 2 days before the date of the
                            election.
                        ``(B) The individual--
                                ``(i) resides in an area of a State with
                            respect to which an emergency or public health
                            emergency has been declared by the chief
                            executive of the State or of the area involved
                            within 5 days of the date of the election under
                            the laws of the State due to reasons including
                            a natural disaster, including severe weather,
                            or an infectious disease; and
                                ``(ii) has not previously requested an
                            absentee ballot.
                        ``(C) The individual expects to be absent from such
                    individual's jurisdiction on the date of the election
                    due to professional or volunteer service in response to
                    a natural disaster or emergency as described in
                    subparagraph (B).
                        ``(D) The individual is hospitalized or expects to
                    be hospitalized on the date of the election.
                        ``(E) The individual is an individual with a
                    disability (as defined in section 3 of the Americans
                    with Disabilities Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 12102)) and
                    resides in a State which does not offer voters the
                    ability to use secure and accessible remote ballot
                    marking. For purposes of this subparagraph, a State
                    shall permit an individual to self-certify that the
                    individual is an individual with a disability.
                ``(2) Exclusion of absent uniformed services and overseas
            voters.--The term `qualified individual' shall not include an
            absent uniformed services voter or an overseas voter.
        ``(c) State.--For purposes of this section, the term `State'
    includes the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico,
    Guam, American Samoa, the United States Virgin Islands, and the
    Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands.
        ``(d) Effective Date.--This section shall apply with respect to the
    regularly scheduled general election for Federal office held in
    November 2022 and each succeeding election for Federal office.''.
        (b) Conforming Amendment.--Section 102(a) of such Act (52 U.S.C.
    20302(a)) is amended--
                (1) by striking ``and'' at the end of paragraph (10);
                (2) by striking the period at the end of paragraph (11) and
            inserting ``; and''; and
                (3) by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
                ``(12) meet the requirements of section 103C with respect
            to the provision of blank absentee ballots for the use of
            qualified individuals described in such section.''.
        (c) Clerical Amendments.--The table of contents of such Act is
    amended by inserting the following after section 103:

    ``Sec. 103A. Procedures for collection and delivery of marked absentee
                                ballots of absent overseas uniformed
                                services voters.
    ``Sec. 103B. Federal voting assistance program improvements.
    ``Sec. 103C. Transmission of blank absentee ballots to certain other
                                voters.''.

    SEC. 1707. DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE REPORT ON VOTER DISENFRANCHISEMENT.

        Not later than 1 year of enactment of this Act, the Attorney
    General shall submit to Congress a report on the impact of wide-spread
    mail-in voting on the ability of active duty military servicemembers to
    vote, how quickly their votes are counted, and whether higher volumes
    of mail-in votes makes it harder for such individuals to vote in
    federal elections.

    SEC. 1708. EFFECTIVE DATE.

        Except as provided in section 1702(b) and section 1704(b), the
    amendments made by this subtitle shall apply with respect to elections
    occurring on or after January 1, 2022.

                Subtitle K--Poll Worker Recruitment and Training

    SEC. 1801. GRANTS TO STATES FOR POLL WORKER RECRUITMENT AND TRAINING.

        (a) Grants by Election Assistance Commission.--
                (1) In general.--The Election Assistance Commission
            (hereafter referred to as the ``Commission'') shall, subject to
            the availability of appropriations provided to carry out this
            section, make a grant to each eligible State for recruiting and
            training individuals to serve as poll workers on dates of
            elections for public office.
                (2) Use of commission materials.--In carrying out
            activities with a grant provided under this section, the
            recipient of the grant shall use the manual prepared by the
            Commission on successful practices for poll worker recruiting,
            training and retention as an interactive training tool, and
            shall develop training programs with the participation and
            input of experts in adult learning.
                (3) Access and cultural considerations.--The Commission
            shall ensure that the manual described in paragraph (2)
            provides training in methods that will enable poll workers to
            provide access and delivery of services in a culturally
            competent manner to all voters who use their services,
            including those with limited English proficiency, diverse
            cultural and ethnic backgrounds, disabilities, and regardless
            of gender, sexual orientation, or gender identity. These
            methods must ensure that each voter will have access to poll
            worker services that are delivered in a manner that meets the
            unique needs of the voter.
        (b) Requirements for Eligibility.--
                (1) Application.--Each State that desires to receive a
            payment under this section shall submit an application for the
            payment to the Commission at such time and in such manner and
            containing such information as the Commission shall require.
                (2) Contents of application.--Each application submitted
            under paragraph (1) shall--
                        (A) describe the activities for which assistance
                    under this section is sought;
                        (B) provide assurances that the funds provided
                    under this section will be used to supplement and not
                    supplant other funds used to carry out the activities;
                        (C) provide assurances that the State will furnish
                    the Commission with information on the number of
                    individuals who served as poll workers after
                    recruitment and training with the funds provided under
                    this section;
                        (D) provide assurances that the State will dedicate
                    poll worker recruitment efforts with respect to youth
                    and minors, including by recruiting at institutions of
                    higher education and secondary education; and
                        (E) provide such additional information and
                    certifications as the Commission determines to be
                    essential to ensure compliance with the requirements of
                    this section.
        (c) Amount of Grant.--
                (1) In general.--The amount of a grant made to a State
            under this section shall be equal to the product of--
                        (A) the aggregate amount made available for grants
                    to States under this section; and
                        (B) the voting age population percentage for the
                    State.
                (2) Voting age population percentage defined.--In paragraph
            (1), the ``voting age population percentage'' for a State is
            the quotient of--
                        (A) the voting age population of the State (as
                    determined on the basis of the most recent information
                    available from the Bureau of the Census); and
                        (B) the total voting age population of all States
                    (as determined on the basis of the most recent
                    information available from the Bureau of the Census).
        (d) Reports to Congress.--
                (1) Reports by recipients of grants.--Not later than 6
            months after the date on which the final grant is made under
            this section, each recipient of a grant shall submit a report
            to the Commission on the activities conducted with the funds
            provided by the grant.
                (2) Reports by commission.--Not later than 1 year after the
            date on which the final grant is made under this section, the
            Commission shall submit a report to Congress on the grants made
            under this section and the activities carried out by recipients
            with the grants, and shall include in the report such
            recommendations as the Commission considers appropriate.
        (e) Funding.--
                (1) Continuing availability of amount appropriated.--Any
            amount appropriated to carry out this section shall remain
            available without fiscal year limitation until expended.
                (2) Administrative expenses.--Of the amount appropriated
            for any fiscal year to carry out this section, not more than 3
            percent shall be available for administrative expenses of the
            Commission.

    SEC. 1802. STATE DEFINED.

        In this subtitle, the term ``State'' includes the District of
    Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Guam, American Samoa, the
    United States Virgin Islands, and the Commonwealth of the Northern
    Mariana Islands.

                     Subtitle L--Enhancement of Enforcement

    SEC. 1811. ENHANCEMENT OF ENFORCEMENT OF HELP AMERICA VOTE ACT OF 2002.

        (a) Complaints; Availability of Private Right of Action.--Section
    401 of the Help America Vote Act of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 21111) is amended--
                (1) by striking ``The Attorney General'' and inserting
            ``(a) In General.--The Attorney General''; and
                (2) by adding at the end the following new subsections:
        ``(b) Filing of Complaints by Aggrieved Persons.--
                ``(1) In general.--A person who is aggrieved by a violation
            of title III which has occurred, is occurring, or is about to
            occur may file a written, signed, notarized complaint with the
            Attorney General describing the violation and requesting the
            Attorney General to take appropriate action under this section.
            The Attorney General shall immediately provide a copy of a
            complaint filed under the previous sentence to the entity
            responsible for administering the State-based administrative
            complaint procedures described in section 402(a) for the State
            involved.
                ``(2) Response by attorney general.--The Attorney General
            shall respond to each complaint filed under paragraph (1), in
            accordance with procedures established by the Attorney General
            that require responses and determinations to be made within the
            same (or shorter) deadlines which apply to a State under the
            State-based administrative complaint procedures described in
            section 402(a)(2). The Attorney General shall immediately
            provide a copy of the response made under the previous sentence
            to the entity responsible for administering the State-based
            administrative complaint procedures described in section 402(a)
            for the State involved.
        ``(c) Availability of Private Right of Action.--Any person who is
    authorized to file a complaint under subsection (b)(1) (including any
    individual who seeks to enforce the individual's right to a voter-
    verified paper ballot, the right to have the voter-verified paper
    ballot counted in accordance with this Act, or any other right under
    title III) may file an action under section 1979 of the Revised
    Statutes of the United States (42 U.S.C. 1983) to enforce the uniform
    and nondiscriminatory election technology and administration
    requirements under subtitle A of title III.
        ``(d) No Effect on State Procedures.--Nothing in this section may
    be construed to affect the availability of the State-based
    administrative complaint procedures required under section 402 to any
    person filing a complaint under this subsection.''.
        (b) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall
    apply with respect to violations occurring with respect to elections
    for Federal office held in 2022 or any succeeding year.

                     Subtitle M--Federal Election Integrity

    SEC. 1821. PROHIBITION ON CAMPAIGN ACTIVITIES BY CHIEF STATE ELECTION
                  ADMINISTRATION OFFICIALS.

        (a) In General.--Title III of the Federal Election Campaign Act of
    1971 (52 U.S.C. 30101 et seq.) is amended by inserting after section
    319 the following new section:

     ``campaign activities by chief state election administration officials

        ``Sec. 319A.  (a) Prohibition.--It shall be unlawful for a chief
    State election administration official to take an active part in
    political management or in a political campaign with respect to any
    election for Federal office over which such official has supervisory
    authority.
        ``(b) Chief State Election Administration Official.--The term
    `chief State election administration official' means the highest State
    official with responsibility for the administration of Federal
    elections under State law.
        ``(c) Active Part in Political Management or in a Political
    Campaign.--The term `active part in political management or in a
    political campaign' means--
                ``(1) holding any position (including any unpaid or
            honorary position) with an authorized committee of a candidate,
            or participating in any decision-making of an authorized
            committee of a candidate;
                ``(2) the use of official authority or influence for the
            purpose of interfering with or affecting the result of an
            election for Federal office;
                ``(3) the solicitation, acceptance, or receipt of a
            contribution from any person on behalf of a candidate for
            Federal office; and
                ``(4) any other act which would be prohibited under
            paragraph (2) or (3) of section 7323(b) of title 5, United
            States Code, if taken by an individual to whom such paragraph
            applies (other than any prohibition on running for public
            office).
        ``(d) Exception in Case of Recusal From Administration of Elections
    Involving Official or Immediate Family Member.--
                ``(1) In general.--This section does not apply to a chief
            State election administration official with respect to an
            election for Federal office in which the official or an
            immediate family member of the official is a candidate, but
            only if--
                        ``(A) such official recuses himself or herself from
                    all of the official's responsibilities for the
                    administration of such election; and
                        ``(B) the official who assumes responsibility for
                    supervising the administration of the election does not
                    report directly to such official.
                ``(2) Immediate family member defined.--In paragraph (1),
            the term `immediate family member' means, with respect to a
            candidate, a father, mother, son, daughter, brother, sister,
            husband, wife, father-in-law, or mother-in-law.''.
        (b) Effective Date.--The amendments made by subsection (a) shall
    apply with respect to elections for Federal office held after December
    2021.

      Subtitle N--Promoting Voter Access Through Election Administration
                                  Improvements

                         PART 1--PROMOTING VOTER ACCESS

    SEC. 1901. TREATMENT OF INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER EDUCATION.

        (a) Treatment of Certain Institutions as Voter Registration
    Agencies Under National Voter Registration Act of 1993.--Section 7(a)
    of the National Voter Registration Act of 1993 (52 U.S.C. 20506(a)) is
    amended--
                (1) in paragraph (2)--
                        (A) by striking ``and'' at the end of subparagraph
                    (A);
                        (B) by striking the period at the end of
                    subparagraph (B) and inserting ``; and''; and
                        (C) by adding at the end the following new
                    subparagraph:
                        ``(C) each institution of higher education which
                    has a program participation agreement in effect with
                    the Secretary of Education under section 487 of the
                    Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1094), other
                    than an institution which is treated as a contributing
                    agency under the Automatic Voter Registration Act of
                    2021.''; and
                (2) in paragraph (6)(A), by inserting ``or, in the case of
            an institution of higher education, with each registration of a
            student for enrollment in a course of study, including
            enrollment in a program of distance education, as defined in
            section 103(7) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C.
            1003(7)),'' after ``assistance,''.
        (b) Responsibilities of Institutions Under Higher Education Act of
    1965.--
                (1) In general.--Section 487(a)(23) of the Higher Education
            Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1094(a)(23)) is amended to read as
            follows:
                ``(23)(A)(i) The institution will ensure that an
            appropriate staff person or office is designated publicly as a
            `Campus Vote Coordinator' and will ensure that such person's or
            office's contact information is included on the institution's
            website.
                ``(ii) Not fewer than twice during each calendar year
            (beginning with 2021), the Campus Vote Coordinator shall
            transmit electronically to each student enrolled in the
            institution (including students enrolled in distance education
            programs) a message containing the following information:
                        ``(I) Information on the location of polling places
                    in the jurisdiction in which the institution is
                    located, together with information on available methods
                    of transportation to and from such polling places.
                        ``(II) A referral to a government-affiliated
                    website or online platform which provides centralized
                    voter registration information for all States,
                    including access to applicable voter registration forms
                    and information to assist individuals who are not
                    registered to vote in registering to vote.
                        ``(III) Any additional voter registration and
                    voting information the Coordinator considers
                    appropriate, in consultation with the appropriate State
                    election official.
                ``(iii) In addition to transmitting the message described
            in clause (ii) not fewer than twice during each calendar year,
            the Campus Vote Coordinator shall transmit the message under
            such clause, and shall include on the institution's website and
            boost awareness on the institution's social media platforms,
            not fewer than 30 days prior to the deadline for registering to
            vote for any election for Federal, State, or local office in
            the State.
                ``(B) If the institution in its normal course of operations
            requests each student registering for enrollment in a course of
            study, including students registering for enrollment in a
            program of distance education, to affirm whether or not the
            student is a United States citizen, the institution will comply
            with the applicable requirements for a contributing agency
            under the Automatic Voter Registration Act of 2021.
                ``(C) If the institution is not described in subparagraph
            (B), the institution will comply with the requirements for a
            voter registration agency in the State in which it is located
            in accordance with section 7 of the National Voter Registration
            Act of 1993 (52 U.S.C. 20506).
                ``(D) This paragraph applies only with respect to an
            institution which is located in a State to which section 4(b)
            of the National Voter Registration Act of 1993 (52 U.S.C.
            20503(b)) does not apply.''.
                (2) Effective date.--The amendments made by this subsection
            shall apply with respect to elections held on or after January
            1, 2022.
        (c) Grants to Institutions Demonstrating Excellence in Student
    Voter Registration.--
                (1) Grants authorized.--The Secretary of Education may
            award competitive grants to public and private nonprofit
            institutions of higher education that are subject to the
            requirements of section 487(a)(23) of the Higher Education Act
            of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1094(a)(23)), as amended by subsection (a),
            and that the Secretary determines have demonstrated excellence
            in registering students to vote in elections for public office
            beyond meeting the minimum requirements of such section.
                (2) Eligibility.--An institution of higher education is
            eligible to receive a grant under this subsection if the
            institution submits to the Secretary of Education, at such time
            and in such form as the Secretary may require, an application
            containing such information and assurances as the Secretary may
            require to make the determination described in paragraph (1),
            including information and assurances that the institution
            carried out activities to promote voter registration by
            students, such as the following:
                        (A) Sponsoring large on-campus voter mobilization
                    efforts.
                        (B) Engaging the surrounding community in
                    nonpartisan voter registration and get out the vote
                    efforts, including initiatives to facilitate the
                    enfranchisement of groups of individuals that have
                    historically faced barriers to voting.
                        (C) Creating a website for students with
                    centralized information about voter registration and
                    election dates.
                        (D) Inviting candidates to speak on campus.
                        (E) Offering rides to students to the polls to
                    increase voter education, registration, and
                    mobilization.
                (3) Authorization of appropriations.--There are authorized
            to be appropriated for fiscal year 2022 and each succeeding
            fiscal year such sums as may be necessary to award grants under
            this subsection. Of the funds appropriated, the Secretary shall
            ensure that 25 percent is reserved for Minority Institutions
            described in section 371(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965
            (20 U.S.C. 1067q(a)).
        (d) Sense of Congress Relating to Option of Students To Register in
    Jurisdiction of Institution of Higher Education or Jurisdiction of
    Domicile.--It is the sense of Congress that, as provided under existing
    law, students who attend an institution of higher education and reside
    in the jurisdiction of the institution while attending the institution
    should have the option of registering to vote, without being subjected
    to intimidation or deceptive practices, in elections for Federal office
    in that jurisdiction or in the jurisdiction of their own domicile.

    SEC. 1902. MINIMUM NOTIFICATION REQUIREMENTS FOR VOTERS AFFECTED BY
                  POLLING PLACE CHANGES.

        (a) Requirements.--Section 302 of the Help America Vote Act of 2002
    (52 U.S.C. 21082), as amended by section 1601(a), is amended--
                (1) by redesignating subsection (f) as subsection (g); and
                (2) by inserting after subsection (e) the following new
            subsection:
        ``(f) Minimum Notification Requirements for Voters Affected by
    Polling Place Changes.--
                ``(1) In general.--If a State assigns an individual who is
            a registered voter in a State to a polling place with respect
            to an election for Federal office which is not the same polling
            place to which the individual was previously assigned with
            respect to the most recent election for Federal office in the
            State in which the individual was eligible to vote--
                        ``(A) the State shall notify the individual of the
                    location of the polling place not later than 7 days
                    before the date of the election or the first day of an
                    early voting period (whichever occurs first); or
                        ``(B) if the State makes such an assignment fewer
                    than 7 days before the date of the election and the
                    individual appears on the date of the election at the
                    polling place to which the individual was previously
                    assigned, the State shall make every reasonable effort
                    to enable the individual to vote on the date of the
                    election.
                ``(2) Methods of notification.--The State shall notify an
            individual under subparagraph (A) of paragraph (1) by mail,
            telephone, and (if available) text message and electronic mail,
            taking into consideration factors which include the linguistic
            preferences of voters in the jurisdiction.
                ``(3) Placement of signs at closed polling places.--If a
            location which served as a polling place in an election for
            Federal office does not serve as a polling place in the next
            election for Federal office held in the jurisdiction involved,
            the State shall ensure that signs are posted at such location
            on the date of the election and during any early voting period
            for the election containing the following information, taking
            into consideration factors which include the linguistic
            preferences of voters in the jurisdiction:
                        ``(A) A statement that the location is not serving
                    as a polling place in the election.
                        ``(B) The locations serving as polling places in
                    the election in the jurisdiction involved.
                        ``(C) Contact information, including a telephone
                    number and website, for the appropriate State or local
                    election official through which an individual may find
                    the polling place to which the individual is assigned
                    for the election.
                ``(4) Effective date.--This subsection shall apply with
            respect to elections held on or after January 1, 2021.''.
        (b) Conforming Amendment.--Section 302(g) of such Act (52 U.S.C.
    21082(g)), as redesignated by subsection (a) and as amended by section
    1601(b), is amended by striking ``(d)(2) and (e)(2)'' and inserting
    ``(d)(2), (e)(2), and (f)(4)''.

    SEC. 1903. PERMITTING USE OF SWORN WRITTEN STATEMENT TO MEET
                  IDENTIFICATION REQUIREMENTS FOR VOTING.

        (a) Permitting Use of Statement.--Title III of the Help America
    Vote Act of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 21081 et seq.) is amended by inserting
    after section 303 the following new section:

    ``SEC. 303A. PERMITTING USE OF SWORN WRITTEN STATEMENT TO MEET
                  IDENTIFICATION REQUIREMENTS.

        ``(a) Use of Statement.--
                ``(1) In general.--Except as provided in subsection (c), if
            a State has in effect a requirement that an individual present
            identification as a condition of receiving and casting a ballot
            in an election for Federal office, the State shall permit the
            individual to meet the requirement--
                        ``(A) in the case of an individual who desires to
                    vote in person, by presenting the appropriate State or
                    local election official with a sworn written statement,
                    signed by the individual under penalty of perjury,
                    attesting to the individual's identity and attesting
                    that the individual is eligible to vote in the
                    election; or
                        ``(B) in the case of an individual who desires to
                    vote by mail, by submitting with the ballot the
                    statement described in subparagraph (A).
                ``(2) Development of pre-printed version of statement by
            commission.--The Commission shall develop a pre-printed version
            of the statement described in paragraph (1)(A) which includes a
            blank space for an individual to provide a name and signature
            for use by election officials in States which are subject to
            paragraph (1).
                ``(3) Providing pre-printed copy of statement.--A State
            which is subject to paragraph (1) shall--
                        ``(A) make copies of the pre-printed version of the
                    statement described in paragraph (1)(A) which is
                    prepared by the Commission available at polling places
                    for election officials to distribute to individuals who
                    desire to vote in person; and
                        ``(B) include a copy of such pre-printed version of
                    the statement with each blank absentee or other ballot
                    transmitted to an individual who desires to vote by
                    mail.
        ``(b) Requiring Use of Ballot in Same Manner as Individuals
    Presenting Identification.--An individual who presents or submits a
    sworn written statement in accordance with subsection (a)(1) shall be
    permitted to cast a ballot in the election in the same manner as an
    individual who presents identification.
        ``(c) Exception for First-Time Voters Registering by Mail.--
    Subsections (a) and (b) do not apply with respect to any individual
    described in paragraph (1) of section 303(b) who is required to meet
    the requirements of paragraph (2) of such section.''.
        (b) Requiring States To Include Information on Use of Sworn Written
    Statement in Voting Information Material Posted at Polling Places.--
    Section 302(b)(2) of such Act (52 U.S.C. 21082(b)(2)), as amended by
    section 1072(b) and section 1202(b), is amended--
                (1) by striking ``and'' at the end of subparagraph (G);
                (2) by striking the period at the end of subparagraph (H)
            and inserting ``; and''; and
                (3) by adding at the end the following new subparagraph:
                        ``(I) in the case of a State that has in effect a
                    requirement that an individual present identification
                    as a condition of receiving and casting a ballot in an
                    election for Federal office, information on how an
                    individual may meet such requirement by presenting a
                    sworn written statement in accordance with section
                    303A.''.
        (c) Clerical Amendment.--The table of contents of such Act is
    amended by inserting after the item relating to section 303 the
    following new item:

    ``Sec. 303A. Permitting use of sworn written statement to meet
                                identification requirements.''.
        (e) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall
    apply with respect to elections occurring on or after the date of the
    enactment of this Act.

    SEC. 1904. ACCOMMODATIONS FOR VOTERS RESIDING IN INDIAN LANDS.

        (a) Accommodations Described.--
                (1) Designation of ballot pickup and collection
            locations.--Given the widespread lack of residential mail
            delivery in Indian Country, an Indian Tribe may designate
            buildings as ballot pickup and collection locations with
            respect to an election for Federal office at no cost to the
            Indian Tribe. An Indian Tribe may designate one building per
            precinct located within Indian lands. The applicable State or
            political subdivision shall collect ballots from those
            locations. The applicable State or political subdivision shall
            provide the Indian Tribe with accurate precinct maps for all
            precincts located within Indian lands 60 days before the
            election.
                (2) Provision of mail-in and absentee ballots.--The State
            or political subdivision shall provide mail-in and absentee
            ballots with respect to an election for Federal office to each
            individual who is registered to vote in the election who
            resides on Indian lands in the State or political subdivision
            involved without requiring a residential address or a mail-in
            or absentee ballot request.
                (3) Use of designated building as residential and mailing
            address.--The address of a designated building that is a ballot
            pickup and collection location with respect to an election for
            Federal office may serve as the residential address and mailing
            address for voters living on Indian lands if the tribally
            designated building is in the same precinct as that voter. If
            there is no tribally designated building within a voter's
            precinct, the voter may use another tribally designated
            building within the Indian lands where the voter is located.
            Voters using a tribally designated building outside of the
            voter's precinct may use the tribally designated building as a
            mailing address and may separately designate the voter's
            appropriate precinct through a description of the voter's
            address, as specified in section 9428.4(a)(2) of title 11, Code
            of Federal Regulations.
                (4) Language accessibility.--In the case of a State or
            political subdivision that is a covered State or political
            subdivision under section 203 of the Voting Rights Act of 1965
            (52 U.S.C. 10503), that State or political subdivision shall
            provide absentee or mail-in voting materials with respect to an
            election for Federal office in the language of the applicable
            minority group as well as in the English language, bilingual
            election voting assistance, and written translations of all
            voting materials in the language of the applicable minority
            group, as required by section 203 of the Voting Rights Act of
            1965 (52 U.S.C. 10503), as amended by subsection (b).
                (5) Clarification.--Nothing in this section alters the
            ability of an individual voter residing on Indian lands to
            request a ballot in a manner available to all other voters in
            the State.
                (6) Definitions.--In this section:
                        (A) Election for federal office.--The term
                    ``election for Federal office'' means a general,
                    special, primary or runoff election for the office of
                    President or Vice President, or of Senator or
                    Representative in, or Delegate or Resident Commissioner
                    to, the Congress.
                        (B) Indian.--The term ``Indian'' has the meaning
                    given the term in section 4 of the Indian Self-
                    Determination and Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C.
                    5304).
                        (C) Indian lands.--The term ``Indian lands''
                    includes--
                                (i) any Indian country of an Indian Tribe,
                            as defined under section 1151 of title 18,
                            United States Code;
                                (ii) any land in Alaska owned, pursuant to
                            the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act (43
                            U.S.C. 1601 et seq.), by an Indian Tribe that
                            is a Native village (as defined in section 3 of
                            that Act (43 U.S.C. 1602)) or by a Village
                            Corporation that is associated with an Indian
                            Tribe (as defined in section 3 of that Act (43
                            U.S.C. 1602));
                                (iii) any land on which the seat of the
                            Tribal Government is located; and
                                (iv) any land that is part or all of a
                            Tribal designated statistical area associated
                            with an Indian Tribe, or is part or all of an
                            Alaska Native village statistical area
                            associated with an Indian Tribe, as defined by
                            the Census Bureau for the purposes of the most
                            recent decennial census.
                        (D) Indian tribe.--The term ``Indian Tribe'' has
                    the meaning given the term ``Indian tribe'' in section
                    4 of the Indian Self-Determination and Education
                    Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 5304).
                        (E) Tribal government.--The term ``Tribal
                    Government'' means the recognized governing body of an
                    Indian Tribe.
                (7) Enforcement.--
                        (A) Attorney general.--The Attorney General may
                    bring a civil action in an appropriate district court
                    for such declaratory or injunctive relief as is
                    necessary to carry out this subsection.
                        (B) Private right of action.--
                                (i) A person or Tribal Government who is
                            aggrieved by a violation of this subsection may
                            provide written notice of the violation to the
                            chief election official of the State involved.
                                (ii) An aggrieved person or Tribal
                            Government may bring a civil action in an
                            appropriate district court for declaratory or
                            injunctive relief with respect to a violation
                            of this subsection, if--
                                        (I) that person or Tribal
                                    Government provides the notice
                                    described in clause (i); and
                                        (II)(aa) in the case of a violation
                                    that occurs more than 120 days before
                                    the date of an election for Federal
                                    office, the violation remains and 90
                                    days or more have passed since the date
                                    on which the chief election official of
                                    the State receives the notice under
                                    clause (i); or
                                        (bb) in the case of a violation
                                    that occurs 120 days or less before the
                                    date of an election for Federal office,
                                    the violation remains and 20 days or
                                    more have passed since the date on
                                    which the chief election official of
                                    the State receives the notice under
                                    clause (i).
                                (iii) In the case of a violation of this
                            section that occurs 30 days or less before the
                            date of an election for Federal office, an
                            aggrieved person or Tribal Government may bring
                            a civil action in an appropriate district court
                            for declaratory or injunctive relief with
                            respect to the violation without providing
                            notice to the chief election official of the
                            State under clause (i).
        (b) Bilingual Election Requirements.--Section 203 of the Voting
    Rights Act of 1965 (52 U.S.C. 10503) is amended--
                (1) in subsection (b)(3)(C)), by striking ``1990'' and
            inserting ``2010''; and
                (2) by striking subsection (c) and inserting the following:
        ``(c) Provision of Voting Materials in the Language of a Minority
    Group.--
                ``(1) In general.--Whenever any State or political
            subdivision subject to the prohibition of subsection (b) of
            this section provides any registration or voting notices,
            forms, instructions, assistance, or other materials or
            information relating to the electoral process, including
            ballots, it shall provide them in the language of the
            applicable minority group as well as in the English language.
                ``(2) Exceptions.--
                        ``(A) In the case of a minority group that is not
                    American Indian or Alaska Native and the language of
                    that minority group is oral or unwritten, the State or
                    political subdivision shall only be required to
                    furnish, in the covered language, oral instructions,
                    assistance, translation of voting materials, or other
                    information relating to registration and voting.
                        ``(B) In the case of a minority group that is
                    American Indian or Alaska Native, the State or
                    political subdivision shall only be required to furnish
                    in the covered language oral instructions, assistance,
                    or other information relating to registration and
                    voting, including all voting materials, if the Tribal
                    Government of that minority group has certified that
                    the language of the applicable American Indian or
                    Alaska Native language is presently unwritten or the
                    Tribal Government does not want written translations in
                    the minority language.
                ``(3) Written translations for election workers.--
            Notwithstanding paragraph (2), the State or political division
            may be required to provide written translations of voting
            materials, with the consent of any applicable Indian Tribe, to
            election workers to ensure that the translations from English
            to the language of a minority group are complete, accurate, and
            uniform.''.
        (c) Effective Date.--This section and the amendments made by this
    section shall apply with respect to the regularly scheduled general
    election for Federal office held in November 2022 and each succeeding
    election for Federal office.

    SEC. 1905. VOTER INFORMATION RESPONSE SYSTEMS AND HOTLINE.

        (a) Establishment and Operation of Systems and Services.--
                (1) State-based response systems.--The Attorney General
            shall coordinate the establishment of a State-based response
            system for responding to questions and complaints from
            individuals voting or seeking to vote, or registering to vote
            or seeking to register to vote, in elections for Federal
            office. Such system shall provide--
                        (A) State-specific, same-day, and immediate
                    assistance to such individuals, including information
                    on how to register to vote, the location and hours of
                    operation of polling places, and how to obtain absentee
                    ballots; and
                        (B) State-specific, same-day, and immediate
                    assistance to individuals encountering problems with
                    registering to vote or voting, including individuals
                    encountering intimidation or deceptive practices.
                (2) Hotline.--The Attorney General, in consultation with
            State election officials, shall establish and operate a toll-
            free telephone service, using a telephone number that is
            accessible throughout the United States and that uses easily
            identifiable numerals, through which individuals throughout the
            United States--
                        (A) may connect directly to the State-based
                    response system described in paragraph (1) with respect
                    to the State involved;
                        (B) may obtain information on voting in elections
                    for Federal office, including information on how to
                    register to vote in such elections, the locations and
                    hours of operation of polling places, and how to obtain
                    absentee ballots; and
                        (C) may report information to the Attorney General
                    on problems encountered in registering to vote or
                    voting, including incidences of voter intimidation or
                    suppression.
                (3) Collaboration with state and local election
            officials.--
                        (A) Collection of information from states.--The
                    Attorney General shall coordinate the collection of
                    information on State and local election laws and
                    policies, including information on the statewide
                    computerized voter registration lists maintained under
                    title III of the Help America Vote Act of 2002, so that
                    individuals who contact the free telephone service
                    established under paragraph (2) on the date of an
                    election for Federal office may receive an immediate
                    response on that day.
                        (B) Forwarding questions and complaints to
                    states.--If an individual contacts the free telephone
                    service established under paragraph (2) on the date of
                    an election for Federal office with a question or
                    complaint with respect to a particular State or
                    jurisdiction within a State, the Attorney General shall
                    forward the question or complaint immediately to the
                    appropriate election official of the State or
                    jurisdiction so that the official may answer the
                    question or remedy the complaint on that date.
                (4) Consultation requirements for development of systems
            and services.--The Attorney General shall ensure that the
            State-based response system under paragraph (1) and the free
            telephone service under paragraph (2) are each developed in
            consultation with civil rights organizations, voting rights
            groups, State and local election officials, voter protection
            groups, and other interested community organizations,
            especially those that have experience in the operation of
            similar systems and services.
        (b) Use of Service by Individuals With Disabilities and Individuals
    With Limited English Language Proficiency.--The Attorney General shall
    design and operate the telephone service established under this section
    in a manner that ensures that individuals with disabilities are fully
    able to use the service, and that assistance is provided in any
    language in which the State (or any jurisdiction in the State) is
    required to provide election materials under section 203 of the Voting
    Rights Act of 1965.
        (c) Voter Hotline Task Force.--
                (1) Appointment by attorney general.--The Attorney General
            shall appoint individuals (in such number as the Attorney
            General considers appropriate but in no event fewer than 3) to
            serve on a Voter Hotline Task Force to provide ongoing analysis
            and assessment of the operation of the telephone service
            established under this section, and shall give special
            consideration in making appointments to the Task Force to
            individuals who represent civil rights organizations. At least
            one member of the Task Force shall be a representative of an
            organization promoting voting rights or civil rights which has
            experience in the operation of similar telephone services or in
            protecting the rights of individuals to vote, especially
            individuals who are members of racial, ethnic, or linguistic
            minorities or of communities who have been adversely affected
            by efforts to suppress voting rights.
                (2) Eligibility.--An individual shall be eligible to serve
            on the Task Force under this subsection if the individual meets
            such criteria as the Attorney General may establish, except
            that an individual may not serve on the task force if the
            individual has been convicted of any criminal offense relating
            to voter intimidation or voter suppression.
                (3) Term of service.--An individual appointed to the Task
            Force shall serve a single term of 2 years, except that the
            initial terms of the members first appointed to the Task Force
            shall be staggered so that there are at least 3 individuals
            serving on the Task Force during each year. A vacancy in the
            membership of the Task Force shall be filled in the same manner
            as the original appointment.
                (4) No compensation for service.--Members of the Task Force
            shall serve without pay, but shall receive travel expenses,
            including per diem in lieu of subsistence, in accordance with
            applicable provisions under subchapter I of chapter 57 of title
            5, United States Code.
        (d) Bi-Annual Report to Congress.--Not later than March 1 of each
    odd-numbered year, the Attorney General shall submit a report to
    Congress on the operation of the telephone service established under
    this section during the previous 2 years, and shall include in the
    report--
                (1) an enumeration of the number and type of calls that
            were received by the service;
                (2) a compilation and description of the reports made to
            the service by individuals citing instances of voter
            intimidation or suppression, together with a description of any
            actions taken in response to such instances of voter
            intimidation or suppression;
                (3) an assessment of the effectiveness of the service in
            making information available to all households in the United
            States with telephone service;
                (4) any recommendations developed by the Task Force
            established under subsection (c) with respect to how voting
            systems may be maintained or upgraded to better accommodate
            voters and better ensure the integrity of elections, including
            but not limited to identifying how to eliminate coordinated
            voter suppression efforts and how to establish effective
            mechanisms for distributing updates on changes to voting
            requirements; and
                (5) any recommendations on best practices for the State-
            based response systems established under subsection (a)(1).
        (e) Authorization of Appropriations.--
                (1) Authorization.--There are authorized to be appropriated
            to the Attorney General for fiscal year 2021 and each
            succeeding fiscal year such sums as may be necessary to carry
            out this section.
                (2) Set-aside for outreach.--Of the amounts appropriated to
            carry out this section for a fiscal year pursuant to the
            authorization under paragraph (1), not less than 15 percent
            shall be used for outreach activities to make the public aware
            of the availability of the telephone service established under
            this section, with an emphasis on outreach to individuals with
            disabilities and individuals with limited proficiency in the
            English language.

    SEC. 1906. ENSURING EQUITABLE AND EFFICIENT OPERATION OF POLLING
                  PLACES.

        (a) In General.--Subtitle A of title III of the Help America Vote
    Act of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 21081 et seq.), as amended by section 1031(a),
    section 1101(a), section 1611(a), section 1621(a), section 1622(a), and
    section 1623(a), is amended--
                (1) by redesignating sections 310 and 311 as sections 311
            and 312; and
                (2) by inserting after section 309 the following new
            section:

    ``SEC. 310. ENSURING EQUITABLE AND EFFICIENT OPERATION OF POLLING
                  PLACES.

        ``(a) Preventing Unreasonable Waiting Times for Voters.--
                ``(1) In general.--Each State shall provide a sufficient
            number of voting systems, poll workers, and other election
            resources (including physical resources) at a polling place
            used in any election for Federal office, including a polling
            place at which individuals may cast ballots prior to the date
            of the election, to ensure--
                        ``(A) a fair and equitable waiting time for all
                    voters in the State; and
                        ``(B) that no individual will be required to wait
                    longer than 30 minutes to cast a ballot at the polling
                    place.
                ``(2) Criteria.--In determining the number of voting
            systems, poll workers, and other election resources provided at
            a polling place for purposes of paragraph (1), the State shall
            take into account the following factors:
                        ``(A) The voting age population.
                        ``(B) Voter turnout in past elections.
                        ``(C) The number of voters registered.
                        ``(D) The number of voters who have registered
                    since the most recent Federal election.
                        ``(E) Census data for the population served by the
                    polling place, such as the proportion of the voting-age
                    population who are under 25 years of age or who are
                    naturalized citizens.
                        ``(F) The needs and numbers of voters with
                    disabilities and voters with limited English
                    proficiency.
                        ``(G) The type of voting systems used.
                        ``(H) The length and complexity of initiatives,
                    referenda, and other questions on the ballot.
                        ``(I) Such other factors, including relevant
                    demographic factors relating to the population served
                    by the polling place, as the State considers
                    appropriate.
                ``(3) Rule of construction.--Nothing in this subsection may
            be construed to authorize a State to meet the requirements of
            this subsection by closing any polling place, prohibiting an
            individual from entering a line at a polling place, or refusing
            to permit an individual who has arrived at a polling place
            prior to closing time from voting at the polling place.
                ``(4) Guidelines.--Not later than 180 days after the date
            of the enactment of this section, the Commission shall
            establish and publish guidelines to assist States in meeting
            the requirements of this subsection.
                ``(5) Effective date.--This subsection shall take effect
            upon the expiration of the 180-day period which begins on the
            date of the enactment of this subsection, without regard to
            whether or not the Commission has established and published
            guidelines under paragraph (4).
        ``(b) Limiting Variations on Number of Hours of Operation of
    Polling Places Within a State.--
                ``(1) Limitation.--
                        ``(A) In general.--Except as provided in
                    subparagraph (B) and paragraph (2), each State shall
                    establish hours of operation for all polling places in
                    the State on the date of any election for Federal
                    office held in the State such that the polling place
                    with the greatest number of hours of operation on such
                    date is not in operation for more than 2 hours longer
                    than the polling place with the fewest number of hours
                    of operation on such date.
                        ``(B) Permitting variance on basis of population.--
                    Subparagraph (A) does not apply to the extent that the
                    State establishes variations in the hours of operation
                    of polling places on the basis of the overall
                    population or the voting age population (as the State
                    may select) of the unit of local government in which
                    such polling places are located.
                ``(2) Exceptions for polling places with hours established
            by units of local government.--Paragraph (1) does not apply in
            the case of a polling place--
                        ``(A) whose hours of operation are established, in
                    accordance with State law, by the unit of local
                    government in which the polling place is located; or
                        ``(B) which is required pursuant to an order by a
                    court to extend its hours of operation beyond the hours
                    otherwise established.
        ``(c) Minimum Hours of Operation Outside of Typical Working
    Hours.--Each State shall establish hours of operation for all polling
    places in the State on the date of any election for Federal office held
    in the State such that no polling place is open for less than a total
    of 4 hours outside of the hours between 9:00 a.m. and 5:00 p.m. in time
    zone in which the polling place is located.''.
        (b) Study of Methods To Enforce Fair and Equitable Waiting Times.--
                (1) Study.--The Election Assistance Commission and the
            Comptroller General of the United States shall conduct a joint
            study of the effectiveness of various methods of enforcing the
            requirements of section 310(a) of the Help America Vote Act of
            2002, as added by subsection (a), including methods of best
            allocating resources to jurisdictions which have had the most
            difficulty in providing a fair and equitable waiting time at
            polling places to all voters, and to communities of color in
            particular.
                (2) Report.--Not later than 18 months after the date of the
            enactment of this Act, the Election Assistance Commission and
            the Comptroller General of the United States shall publish and
            submit to Congress a report on the study conducted under
            paragraph (1).
        (c) Clerical Amendment.--The table of contents of such Act, as
    amended by section 1031(c), section 1101(c), section 1611(c), section
    1621(b), section 1622(c), and section 1623(a), is amended--
                (1) by redesignating the items relating to sections 310 and
            311 as relating to sections 311 and 312; and
                (2) by inserting after the item relating to section 309 the
            following new item:

    ``Sec. 310. Ensuring equitable and efficient operation of polling
                                places.''.

    SEC. 1907. REQUIRING STATES TO PROVIDE SECURED DROP BOXES FOR VOTED
                  ABSENTEE BALLOTS IN ELECTIONS FOR FEDERAL OFFICE.

        (a) Requirement.--Subtitle A of title III of the Help America Vote
    Act of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 21081 et seq.), as amended by section 1031(a),
    section 1101(a), section 1611(a), section 1621(a), section 1622(a),
    section 1623(a), and section 1906(a), is amended--
                (1) by redesignating sections 311 and 312 as sections 312
            and 313; and
                (2) by inserting after section 310 the following new
            section:

    ``SEC. 311. USE OF SECURED DROP BOXES FOR VOTED ABSENTEE BALLOTS.

        ``(a) Requiring Use of Drop Boxes.--In each county in the State,
    each State shall provide in-person, secured, and clearly labeled drop
    boxes at which individuals may, at any time during the period described
    in subsection (b), drop off voted absentee ballots in an election for
    Federal office.
        ``(b) Minimum Period for Availability of Drop Boxes.--The period
    described in this subsection is, with respect to an election, the
    period which begins 45 days before the date of the election and which
    ends at the time the polls close for the election in the county
    involved.
        ``(c) Accessibility.--
                ``(1) In general.--Each State shall ensure that the drop
            boxes provided under this section are accessible for use--
                        ``(A) by individuals with disabilities, as
                    determined in consultation with the protection and
                    advocacy systems (as defined in section 102 of the
                    Developmental Disabilities Assistance and Bill of
                    Rights Act of 2000 (42 U.S.C. 15002)) of the State;
                        ``(B) by individuals with limited proficiency in
                    the English language; and
                        ``(C) by homeless individuals (as defined in
                    section 103 of the McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance
                    Act of 1987 (42 U.S.C. 11302)) of the State.
                ``(2) Determination of accessibility for individuals with
            disabilities.--For purposes of this subsection, drop boxes
            shall be considered to be accessible for use by individuals
            with disabilities if the drop boxes meet such criteria as the
            Attorney General may establish for such purposes.
                ``(3) Rule of construction.--If a State provides a drop box
            under this section on the grounds of or inside a building or
            facility which serves as a polling place for an election during
            the period described in subsection (b), nothing in this
            subsection may be construed to waive any requirements regarding
            the accessibility of such polling place for the use of
            individuals with disabilities or individuals with limited
            proficiency in the English language.
        ``(d) Number of Drop Boxes.--
                ``(1) Formula for determination of number.--The number of
            drop boxes provided under this section in a county with respect
            to an election shall be determined as follows:
                        ``(A) In the case of a county in which the number
                    of individuals who are residents of the county and who
                    are registered to vote in the election is equal to or
                    greater than 20,000, the number of drop boxes shall be
                    a number equal to or greater than the number of such
                    individuals divided by 20,000 (rounded to the nearest
                    whole number).
                        ``(B) In the case of any other county, the number
                    of drop boxes shall be equal to or greater than one.
                        ``(C) The State shall ensure that the number of
                    drop boxes provided is sufficient to provide a
                    reasonable opportunity for voters to submit their voted
                    ballots in a timely manner.
                ``(2) Timing.--For purposes of this subsection, the number
            of individuals who reside in a county and who are registered to
            vote in the election shall be determined as of the 90th day
            before the date of the election.
        ``(e) Location of Drop Boxes.--The State shall determine the
    location of drop boxes provided under this section in a county on the
    basis of criteria which ensure that the drop boxes are--
                ``(1) available to all voters on a non-discriminatory
            basis;
                ``(2) accessible to voters with disabilities (in accordance
            with subsection (c));
                ``(3) accessible by public transportation to the greatest
            extent possible;
                ``(4) available during all hours of the day;
                ``(5) sufficiently available in all communities in the
            county, including rural communities and on Tribal lands within
            the county (subject to subsection (f)); and
                ``(6) geographically distributed to provide a reasonable
            opportunity for voters to submit their voted ballot in a timely
            manner.
        ``(f) Rules for Drop Boxes on Tribal Lands.--In making a
    determination of the number and location of drop boxes provided under
    this section on Tribal lands in a county, the appropriate State and
    local election officials shall--
                ``(1) consult with Tribal leaders prior to making the
            determination; and
                ``(2) take into account criteria such as the availability
            of direct-to-door residential mail delivery, the distance and
            time necessary to travel to the drop box locations (including
            in inclement weather), modes of transportation available,
            conditions of roads, and the availability (if any) of public
            transportation.
        ``(g) Timing of Scanning and Processing of Ballots.--For purposes
    of section 306(e) (relating to the timing of the processing and
    scanning of ballots for tabulation), a vote cast using a drop box
    provided under this section shall be treated in the same manner as any
    other vote cast during early voting.
        ``(h) Posting of Information.--On or adjacent to each drop box
    provided under this section, the State shall post information on the
    requirements that voted absentee ballots must meet in order to be
    counted and tabulated in the election.
        ``(i) Remote Surveillance Permitted.--The State may provide for the
    security of drop boxes through remote or electronic surveillance.
        ``(j) Effective Date.--This section shall apply with respect to the
    regularly scheduled general election for Federal office held in
    November 2022 and each succeeding election for Federal office.''.
        (b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of contents of such Act, as
    amended by section 1031(c), section 1101(c), section 1611(c), section
    1621(b), section 1622(c), section 1623(a), and section 1906(c), is
    amended--
                (1) by redesignating the items relating to sections 311 and
            312 as relating to sections 312 and 313; and
                (2) by inserting after the item relating to section 310 the
            following new item:

    ``Sec. 311. Use of secured drop boxes for voted absentee ballots.''.

    SEC. 1908. PROHIBITING STATES FROM RESTRICTING CURBSIDE VOTING.

        (a) Requirement.--Subtitle A of title III of the Help America Vote
    Act of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 21081 et seq.), as amended by section 1031(a),
    section 1101(a), section 1611(a), section 1621(a), section 1622(a),
    section 1623(a), section 1906(a), and section 1907(a), is amended--
                (1) by redesignating sections 312 and 313 as sections 313
            and 314; and
                (2) by inserting after section 311 the following new
            section:

    ``SEC. 312. PROHIBITING STATES FROM RESTRICTING CURBSIDE VOTING.

        ``(a) Prohibition.--A State may not--
                ``(1) prohibit any jurisdiction administering an election
            for Federal office in the State from utilizing curbside voting
            as a method by which individuals may cast ballots in the
            election; or
                ``(2) impose any restrictions which would exclude any
            individual who is eligible to vote in such an election in a
            jurisdiction which utilizes curbside voting from casting a
            ballot in the election by the method of curbside voting.
        ``(b) Effective Date.--This section shall apply with respect to the
    regularly scheduled general election for Federal office held in
    November 2022 and each succeeding election for Federal office.''.
        (b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of contents of such Act, as
    amended by section 1031(c), section 1101(c), section 1611(c), section
    1621(b), section 1622(c), section 1623(a), section 1906(c), and section
    1907(b), is amended--
                (1) by redesignating the items relating to sections 312 and
            313 as relating to sections 313 and 314; and
                (2) by inserting after the item relating to section 311 the
            following new item:

    ``Sec. 312. Prohibiting States from restricting curbside voting.''.

    SEC. 1909. ELECTION DAY AS LEGAL PUBLIC HOLIDAY.

        (a) In General.--Section 6103(a) of title 5, United States Code, is
    amended by inserting after the item relating to Columbus Day the
    following:
                ``Election Day, the Tuesday next after the first Monday in
            November of every even-numbered year.''.
        (b) Effective Date.--The amendment made by subsection (a) shall
    apply with respect to the regularly scheduled general elections for
    Federal office held in November 2022 or any succeeding year.

    SEC. 1910. GAO STUDY ON VOTER TURNOUT RATES.

        The Comptroller General of the United States shall conduct a study
    on voter turnout rates delineated by age in States and localities that
    permit voters to participate in elections before reaching the age of
    18, with a focus on localities that permit voting upon reaching the age
    of 16.

    SEC. 1910A. STUDY ON RANKED-CHOICE VOTING.

        (a) Study.--The Comptroller General shall conduct a study on the
    implementation and impact of ranked-choice voting in States and
    localities with a focus on how to best implement a model for Federal
    elections nationwide. The study shall include the impact on voter
    turnout, negative campaigning, and who decides to run for office.
        (b) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of
    this section, the Comptroller General shall transmit to Congress a
    report on the study conducted under subsection (a), including any
    recommendations on how to best implement a ranked-choice voting for
    Federal elections nationwide.

                PART 2--DISASTER AND EMERGENCY CONTINGENCY PLANS

    SEC. 1911. REQUIREMENTS FOR FEDERAL ELECTION CONTINGENCY PLANS IN
                  RESPONSE TO NATURAL DISASTERS AND EMERGENCIES.

        (a) In General.--
                (1) Establishment.--Not later than 90 days after the date
            of the enactment of this Act, each State and each jurisdiction
            in a State which is responsible for administering elections for
            Federal office shall establish and make publicly available a
            contingency plan to enable individuals to vote in elections for
            Federal office during a state of emergency, public health
            emergency, or national emergency which has been declared for
            reasons including--
                        (A) a natural disaster; or
                        (B) an infectious disease.
                (2) Updating.--Each State and jurisdiction shall update the
            contingency plan established under this subsection not less
            frequently than every 5 years.
        (b) Requirements Relating to Safety.--The contingency plan
    established under subsection (a) shall include initiatives to provide
    equipment and resources needed to protect the health and safety of poll
    workers and voters when voting in person.
        (c) Requirements Relating to Recruitment of Poll Workers.--The
    contingency plan established under subsection (a) shall include
    initiatives by the chief State election official and local election
    officials to recruit poll workers from resilient or unaffected
    populations, which may include--
                (1) employees of other State and local government offices;
            and
                (2) in the case in which an infectious disease poses
            significant increased health risks to elderly individuals,
            students of secondary schools and institutions of higher
            education in the State.
        (d) Enforcement.--
                (1) Attorney general.--The Attorney General may bring a
            civil action against any State or jurisdiction in an
            appropriate United States District Court for such declaratory
            and injunctive relief (including a temporary restraining order,
            a permanent or temporary injunction, or other order) as may be
            necessary to carry out the requirements of this section.
                (2) Private right of action.--
                        (A) In general.--In the case of a violation of this
                    section, any person who is aggrieved by such violation
                    may provide written notice of the violation to the
                    chief election official of the State involved.
                        (B) Relief.--If the violation is not corrected
                    within 20 days after receipt of a notice under
                    subparagraph (A), or within 5 days after receipt of the
                    notice if the violation occurred within 120 days before
                    the date of an election for Federal office, the
                    aggrieved person may, in a civil action, obtain
                    declaratory or injunctive relief with respect to the
                    violation.
                        (C) Special rule.--If the violation occurred within
                    5 days before the date of an election for Federal
                    office, the aggrieved person need not provide notice to
                    the chief election official of the State involved under
                    subparagraph (A) before bringing a civil action under
                    subparagraph (B).
        (e) Definitions.--
                (1) Election for federal office.--For purposes of this
            section, the term ``election for Federal office'' means a
            general, special, primary, or runoff election for the office of
            President or Vice President, or of Senator or Representative
            in, or Delegate or Resident Commissioner to, the Congress.
                (2) State.--For purposes of this section, the term
            ``State'' includes the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth
            of Puerto Rico, Guam, American Samoa, the United States Virgin
            Islands, and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands.
        (f) Effective Date.--This section shall apply with respect to the
    regularly scheduled general election for Federal office held in
    November 2022 and each succeeding election for Federal office.

      PART 3--IMPROVEMENTS IN OPERATION OF ELECTION ASSISTANCE COMMISSION

    SEC. 1921. REAUTHORIZATION OF ELECTION ASSISTANCE COMMISSION.

        Section 210 of the Help America Vote Act of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 20930)
    is amended--
                (1) by striking ``for each of the fiscal years 2003 through
            2005'' and inserting ``for fiscal year 2021 and each succeeding
            fiscal year''; and
                (2) by striking ``(but not to exceed $10,000,000 for each
            such year)''.

    SEC. 1922. REQUIRING STATES TO PARTICIPATE IN POST-GENERAL ELECTION
                  SURVEYS.

        (a) Requirement.--Title III of the Help America Vote Act of 2002
    (52 U.S.C. 21081 et seq.), as amended by section 1903(a), is further
    amended by inserting after section 303A the following new section:

    ``SEC. 303B. REQUIRING PARTICIPATION IN POST-GENERAL ELECTION SURVEYS.

        ``(a) Requirement.--Each State shall furnish to the Commission such
    information as the Commission may request for purposes of conducting
    any post-election survey of the States with respect to the
    administration of a regularly scheduled general election for Federal
    office.
        ``(b) Effective Date.--This section shall apply with respect to the
    regularly scheduled general election for Federal office held in
    November 2022 and any succeeding election.''.
        (b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of contents of such Act, as
    amended by section 1903(c), is further amended by inserting after the
    item relating to section 303A the following new item:

    ``Sec. 303B. Requiring participation in post-general election
                                surveys.''.

    SEC. 1923. REPORTS BY NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY ON
                  USE OF FUNDS TRANSFERRED FROM ELECTION ASSISTANCE
                  COMMISSION.

        (a) Requiring Reports on Use Funds as Condition of Receipt.--
    Section 231 of the Help America Vote Act of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 20971) is
    amended by adding at the end the following new subsection:
        ``(e) Report on Use of Funds Transferred From Commission.--To the
    extent that funds are transferred from the Commission to the Director
    of the National Institute of Standards and Technology for purposes of
    carrying out this section during any fiscal year, the Director may not
    use such funds unless the Director certifies at the time of transfer
    that the Director will submit a report to the Commission not later than
    90 days after the end of the fiscal year detailing how the Director
    used such funds during the year.''.
        (b) Effective Date.--The amendment made by subsection (a) shall
    apply with respect to fiscal year 2022 and each succeeding fiscal year.

    SEC. 1924. RECOMMENDATIONS TO IMPROVE OPERATIONS OF ELECTION ASSISTANCE
                  COMMISSION.

        (a) Assessment of Information Technology and Cybersecurity.--Not
    later than December 31, 2021, the Election Assistance Commission shall
    carry out an assessment of the security and effectiveness of the
    Commission's information technology systems, including the
    cybersecurity of such systems.
        (b) Improvements to Administrative Complaint Procedures.--
                (1) Review of procedures.--The Election Assistance
            Commission shall carry out a review of the effectiveness and
            efficiency of the State-based administrative complaint
            procedures established and maintained under section 402 of the
            Help America Vote Act of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 21112) for the
            investigation and resolution of allegations of violations of
            title III of such Act.
                (2) Recommendations to streamline procedures.--Not later
            than December 31, 2021, the Commission shall submit to Congress
            a report on the review carried out under paragraph (1), and
            shall include in the report such recommendations as the
            Commission considers appropriate to streamline and improve the
            procedures which are the subject of the review.

    SEC. 1925. REPEAL OF EXEMPTION OF ELECTION ASSISTANCE COMMISSION FROM
                  CERTAIN GOVERNMENT CONTRACTING REQUIREMENTS.

        (a) In General.--Section 205 of the Help America Vote Act of 2002
    (52 U.S.C. 20925) is amended by striking subsection (e).
        (b) Effective Date.--The amendment made by subsection (a) shall
    apply with respect to contracts entered into by the Election Assistance
    Commission on or after the date of the enactment of this Act.

                        PART 4--MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS

    SEC. 1931. APPLICATION OF FEDERAL ELECTION ADMINISTRATION LAWS TO
                  TERRITORIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

        (a) National Voter Registration Act of 1993.--Section 3(4) of the
    National Voter Registration Act of 1993 (52 U.S.C. 20502(4)) is amended
    by striking ``States and the District of Columbia'' and inserting
    ``States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico,
    Guam, American Samoa, the United States Virgin Islands, and the
    Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands''.
        (b) Help America Vote Act of 2002.--
                (1) Coverage of commonwealth of the northern mariana
            islands.--Section 901 of the Help America Vote Act of 2002 (52
            U.S.C. 21141) is amended by striking ``and the United States
            Virgin Islands'' and inserting ``the United States Virgin
            Islands, and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana
            Islands''.
                (2) Conforming amendments to help america vote act of
            2002.--Such Act is further amended as follows:
                        (A) The second sentence of section 213(a)(2) (52
                    U.S.C. 20943(a)(2)) is amended by striking ``and
                    American Samoa'' and inserting ``American Samoa, and
                    the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands''.
                        (B) Section 252(c)(2) (52 U.S.C. 21002(c)(2)) is
                    amended by striking ``or the United States Virgin
                    Islands'' and inserting ``the United States Virgin
                    Islands, or the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana
                    Islands''.
                (3) Conforming amendment relating to consultation of help
            america vote foundation with local election officials.--Section
            90102(c) of title 36, United States Code, is amended by
            striking ``and the United States Virgin Islands'' and inserting
            ``the United States Virgin Islands, and the Commonwealth of the
            Northern Mariana Islands''.

    SEC. 1932. DEFINITION OF ELECTION FOR FEDERAL OFFICE.

        (a) Definition.--Title IX of the Help America Vote Act of 2002 (52
    U.S.C. 21141 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following new
    section:

    ``SEC. 907. ELECTION FOR FEDERAL OFFICE DEFINED.

        ``For purposes of titles I through III, the term `election for
    Federal office' means a general, special, primary, or runoff election
    for the office of President or Vice President, or of Senator or
    Representative in, or Delegate or Resident Commissioner to, the
    Congress.''.
        (b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of contents of such Act is
    amended by adding at the end of the items relating to title IX the
    following new item:

    ``Sec. 907. Election for Federal office defined.''.

    SEC. 1933. AUTHORIZING PAYMENTS TO VOTING ACCESSIBILITY PROTECTION AND
                  ADVOCACY SYSTEMS SERVING THE AMERICAN INDIAN CONSORTIUM.

        (a) Recipients Defined.--Section 291 of the Help America Vote Act
    of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 21061) is amended--
                (1) by redesignating subsection (c) as subsection (d); and
                (2) by inserting after subsection (b) the following new
            subsection:
        ``(c) American Indian Consortium Eligibility.--A system serving the
    American Indian Consortium for which funds have been reserved under
    section 509(c)(1)(B) of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (29 U.S.C.
    794e(c)(1)(B)) shall be eligible for payments under subsection (a) in
    the same manner as a protection and advocacy system of a State.''.
        (b) Grant Minimums for American Indian Consortium.--Section 291(b)
    of such Act (52 U.S.C. 21061(b)) is amended--
                (1) by inserting ``(c)(1)(B),'' after ``as set forth in
            subsections''; and
                (2) by striking ``subsections (c)(3)(B) and (c)(4)(B) of
            that section shall be not less than $70,000 and $35,000,
            respectively'' and inserting ``subsection (c)(3)(B) shall not
            be less than $70,000, and the amount of the grants to systems
            referred to in subsections (c)(1)(B) and (c)(4)(B) shall not be
            less than $35,000''.
        (c) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall take
    effect at the start of the first fiscal year following the date of
    enactment of this Act.

    SEC. 1934. APPLICATION OF FEDERAL VOTER PROTECTION LAWS TO TERRITORIES
                  OF THE UNITED STATES.

        (a) Intimidation of Voters.--Section 594 of title 18, United States
    Code, is amended by striking ``Delegate from the District of Columbia,
    or Resident Commissioner,'' and inserting ``or Delegate or Resident
    Commissioner to the Congress''.
        (b) Interference by Government Employees.--Section 595 of title 18,
    United States Code, is amended by striking ``Delegate from the District
    of Columbia, or Resident Commissioner,'' and inserting ``or Delegate or
    Resident Commissioner to the Congress''.
        (c) Voting by Noncitizens.--Section 611(a) of title 18, United
    States Code, is amended by striking ``Delegate from the District of
    Columbia, or Resident Commissioner,'' and inserting ``or Delegate or
    Resident Commissioner to the Congress''.

    SEC. 1935. PLACEMENT OF STATUES OF CITIZENS OF TERRITORIES OF THE
                  UNITED STATES IN STATUARY HALL.

        (a) In General.--Section 1814 of the Revised Statutes of the United
    States (2 U.S.C. 2131) is amended by adding at the end the following
    new sentence: ``For purposes of this section, the term `State' includes
    American Samoa, Guam, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands,
    the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and the United States Virgin Islands,
    and the term `citizen' includes a national of the United States, as
    defined in section 101(a)(22) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8
    U.S.C. 1101(a)(22)).''.
        (b) Conforming Amendment Relating to Procedures for Replacement of
    Statues.--Section 311 of the Legislative Branch Appropriations Act,
    2001 (2 U.S.C. 2132) is amended by adding at the end the following new
    subsection:
        ``(f) For purposes of this section, the term `State' includes
    American Samoa, Guam, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands,
    the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and the United States Virgin
    Islands.''.

    SEC. 1936. NO EFFECT ON OTHER LAWS.

        (a) In General.--Except as specifically provided, nothing in this
    title may be construed to authorize or require conduct prohibited under
    any of the following laws, or to supersede, restrict, or limit the
    application of such laws:
                (1) The Voting Rights Act of 1965 (52 U.S.C. 10301 et
            seq.).
                (2) The Voting Accessibility for the Elderly and
            Handicapped Act (52 U.S.C. 20101 et seq.).
                (3) The Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act
            (52 U.S.C. 20301 et seq.).
                (4) The National Voter Registration Act of 1993 (52 U.S.C.
            20501 et seq.).
                (5) The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C.
            12101 et seq.).
                (6) The Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (29 U.S.C. 701 et seq.).
        (b) No Effect on Preclearance or Other Requirements Under Voting
    Rights Act.--The approval by any person of a payment or grant
    application under this title, or any other action taken by any person
    under this title, shall not be considered to have any effect on
    requirements for preclearance under section 5 of the Voting Rights Act
    of 1965 (52 U.S.C. 10304) or any other requirements of such Act.
        (c) No Effect on Authority of States To Provide Greater
    Opportunities for Voting.--Nothing in this title or the amendments made
    by this title may be construed to prohibit any State from enacting any
    law which provides greater opportunities for individuals to register to
    vote and to vote in elections for Federal office than are provided by
    this title and the amendments made by this title.

    SEC. 1937. CLARIFICATION OF EXEMPTION FOR STATES WITHOUT VOTER
                  REGISTRATION.

        To the extent that any provision of this title or any amendment
    made by this title imposes a requirement on a State relating to
    registering individuals to vote in elections for Federal office, such
    provision shall not apply in the case of any State in which, under law
    that is in effect continuously on and after the date of the enactment
    of this Act, there is no voter registration requirement for any voter
    in the State with respect to an election for Federal office.

                              PART 5--VOTER NOTICE

    SEC. 1941. SHORT TITLE.

        This part may be cited as the ``Voter Notification of Timely
    Information about Changes in Elections Act'' or the ``Voter Notice
    Act''.

    SEC. 1942. PUBLIC EDUCATION CAMPAIGNS IN EVENT OF CHANGES IN ELECTIONS
                  IN RESPONSE TO EMERGENCIES.

        (a) Requirement for Election Officials to Conduct Campaigns.--
    Section 302 of the Help America Vote Act of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 21082), as
    amended by section 1601(a) and section 1901(a), is amended--
                (1) by redesignating subsection (g) as subsection (h); and
                (2) by inserting after subsection (f) the following new
            subsection:
        ``(g) Public Education Campaigns in Event of Changes in Elections
    in Response to Emergencies.--
                ``(1) Requirement.--If the administration of an election
            for Federal office, including the methods of voting or
            registering to vote in the election, is changed in response to
            an emergency affecting public health and safety, the
            appropriate State or local election official shall conduct a
            public education campaign through at least one direct mailing
            to each individual who is registered to vote in the election,
            and through additional direct mailings, newspaper
            advertisements, broadcasting (including through television,
            radio, satellite, and the Internet), and social media, to
            notify individuals who are eligible to vote or to register to
            vote in the election of the changes.
                ``(2) Frequency and methods of providing information.--The
            election official shall carry out the public education campaign
            under this subsection at such frequency, and using such
            methods, as will have the greatest likelihood of providing
            timely knowledge of the change in the administration of the
            election to those individuals who will be most adversely
            affected by the change.
                ``(3) Language accessibility.--In the case of a State or
            political subdivision that is a covered State or political
            subdivision under section 203 of the Voting Rights Act of 1965
            (52 U.S.C. 10503), the appropriate election official shall
            ensure that the information disseminated under a public
            education campaign conducted under this subsection is provided
            in the language of the applicable minority group as well as in
            the English language, as required by section 203 of such Act.
                ``(4) Effective date.--This subsection shall apply with
            respect to the regularly scheduled general election for Federal
            office held in November 2020 and each succeeding election for
            Federal office.''.
        (b) Conforming Amendment Relating to Effective Date.--Section
    302(h) of such Act (52 U.S.C. 21082(h)), as redesignated by subsection
    (a) and as amended by section 1601(b) and section 1901(b), is amended
    by striking ``and (f)(4)'' and inserting ``(f)(4), and (g)(4)''.

    SEC. 1943. REQUIREMENTS FOR WEBSITES OF ELECTION OFFICIALS.

        (a) Requirements.--Subtitle A of title III of the Help America Vote
    Act of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 21081 et seq.), as amended by section 1031(a),
    section 1101(a), section 1611(a), section 1621(a), section 1622(a),
    section 1623(a), section 1906(a), section 1907(a), and 1908(a), is
    amended--
                (1) by redesignating sections 313 and 314 as sections 314
            and 315; and
                (2) by inserting after section 312 the following new
            section:

    ``SEC. 313. REQUIREMENTS FOR WEBSITES OF ELECTION OFFICIALS.

        ``(a) Accessibility.--Each State and local election official shall
    ensure that the official public website of the official is fully
    accessible for individuals with disabilities, including the blind and
    visually impaired, in a manner that provides the same opportunity for
    access and participation as the website provides for other individuals.
        ``(b) Continuing Operation in Case of Emergencies.--
                ``(1) Establishment of best practices.--
                        ``(A) In general.--The Director of the National
                    Institute of Standards and Technology shall establish
                    and regularly update best practices for ensuring the
                    continuing operation of the official public websites of
                    State and local election officials during emergencies
                    affecting public health and safety.
                        ``(B) Deadline.--The Director shall first establish
                    the best practices required under this paragraph as
                    soon as practicable after the date of the enactment of
                    this section, but in no case later than August 15,
                    2021.
                ``(2) Requiring websites to meet best practices.--Each
            State and local election official shall ensure that the
            official public website of the official is in compliance with
            the best practices established by the Director of the National
            Institute of Standards and Technology under paragraph (2).
        ``(c) Effective Date.--This section shall apply with respect to the
    regularly scheduled general election for Federal office held in
    November 2020 and each succeeding election for Federal office.''.
        (b) Conforming Amendment Relating to Adoption of Voluntary Guidance
    by Election Assistance Commission.--Section 321(b) of such Act (52
    U.S.C. 21101(b)), as redesignated and amended by section 1101(b) and
    section 1611(b), is amended--
                (1) by striking ``and'' at the end of paragraph (4);
                (2) by striking the period at the end of paragraph (5) and
            inserting ``; and''; and
                (3) by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
                ``(6) in the case of the recommendations with respect to
            section 304, as soon as practicable after the date of the
            enactment of this paragraph, but in no case later than August
            15, 2021.''.
        (c) Clerical Amendment.--The table of contents of such Act, as
    amended by section 1031(c), section 1101(c), section 1611(c), section
    1621(b), section 1622(c), section 1623(a), section 1906(c), section
    1907(b), and section 1908(b), is amended--
                (1) by redesignating the items relating to sections 313 and
            314 as relating to sections 314 and 315; and
                (2) by inserting after the item relating to section 312 the
            following new item:

    ``Sec. 313. Requirements for websites of election officials.''.

    SEC. 1944. PAYMENTS BY ELECTION ASSISTANCE COMMISSION TO STATES FOR
                  COSTS OF COMPLIANCE.

        (b) Availability of Payments.--Title IX of the Help America Vote
    Act of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 21141 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end
    the following new section:

    ``SEC. 907. PAYMENTS FOR COSTS OF COMPLIANCE WITH CERTAIN REQUIREMENTS
                  RELATING TO PUBLIC NOTIFICATION.

        ``(a) Payments.--
                ``(1) Availability and use of payments.--The Commission
            shall make a payment to each eligible State to cover the costs
            the State incurs or expects to incur in meeting the
            requirements of section 302(g) (relating to public education
            campaigns in event of changes in elections in response to
            emergencies) and section 313 (relating to requirements for the
            websites of election officials).
                ``(2) Schedule of payments.--As soon as practicable after
            the date of the enactment of this section, and not less
            frequently than once each calendar year thereafter, the
            Commission shall make payments under this section.
                ``(3) Administration of payments.--The chief State election
            official of the State shall receive the payment made to a State
            under this section, and may use the payment for the purposes
            set forth in this section without intervening action by the
            legislature of the State.
        ``(b) Amount of Payment.--
                ``(1) In general.--The amount of a payment made to an
            eligible State for a year under this section shall be
            determined by the Commission on the basis of the information
            provided by the State in its application under subsection (c).
                ``(2) Continuing availability of funds after
            appropriation.--A payment made to an eligible State under this
            section shall be available without fiscal year limitation.
        ``(c) Requirements for Eligibility.--
                ``(1) Application.--Each State that desires to receive a
            payment under this section for a fiscal year shall submit an
            application for the payment to the Commission at such time and
            in such manner and containing such information as the
            Commission shall require.
                ``(2) Contents of application.--Each application submitted
            under paragraph (1) shall--
                        ``(A) describe the activities for which assistance
                    under this section is sought; and
                        ``(B) provide an estimate of the costs the State
                    has incurred or expects to incur in carrying out the
                    provisions described in subsection (a), together with
                    such additional information and certifications as the
                    Commission determines to be essential to ensure
                    compliance with the requirements of this section.
        ``(d) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be
    appropriated for payments under this section such sums as may be
    necessary for each of the fiscal years 2022 through 2025.
        ``(e) Reports.--
                ``(1) Reports by recipients.--Not later than the 6 months
            after the end of each fiscal year for which an eligible State
            received a payment under this section, the State shall submit a
            report to the Commission on the activities conducted with the
            funds provided during the year.
                ``(2) Reports by commission to committees.--With respect to
            each fiscal year for which the Commission makes payments under
            this section, the Commission shall submit a report on the
            activities carried out under this part to the Committee on
            House Administration of the House of Representatives and the
            Committee on Rules and Administration of the Senate.''.
        (c) Clerical Amendment.--The table of contents of such Act is
    amended by adding at the end of the items relating to title IX the
    following:

    ``Sec. 907. Payments for costs of compliance with certain requirements
                                relating to public notification.''.

                            Subtitle O--Severability

    SEC. 1951. SEVERABILITY.

        If any provision of this title or amendment made by this title, or
    the application of a provision or amendment to any person or
    circumstance, is held to be unconstitutional, the remainder of this
    title and amendments made by this title, and the application of the
    provisions and amendment to any person or circumstance, shall not be
    affected by the holding.

                          TITLE II--ELECTION INTEGRITY

    Subtitle A--Findings Reaffirming Commitment of Congress to Restore the
                               Voting Rights Act

    Sec. 2001. Findings reaffirming commitment of Congress to restore the
                                Voting Rights Act.
         Subtitle B--Findings Relating to Native American Voting Rights

    Sec. 2101. Findings relating to Native American voting rights.
        Subtitle C--Findings Relating to District of Columbia Statehood

    Sec. 2201. Findings relating to District of Columbia statehood.
                     Subtitle D--Territorial Voting Rights

    Sec. 2301. Findings relating to territorial voting rights.
    Sec. 2302. Congressional Task Force on Voting Rights of United States
                                Citizen Residents of Territories of the
                                United States.
                        Subtitle E--Redistricting Reform

    Sec. 2400. Short title; finding of constitutional authority.
              Part 1--Requirements for Congressional Redistricting

    Sec. 2401. Requiring congressional redistricting to be conducted
                                through plan of independent State
                                commission.
    Sec. 2402. Ban on mid-decade redistricting.
    Sec. 2403. Criteria for redistricting.
                 Part 2--Independent Redistricting Commissions

    Sec. 2411. Independent redistricting commission.
    Sec. 2412. Establishment of selection pool of individuals eligible to
                                serve as members of commission.
    Sec. 2413. Public notice and input.
    Sec. 2414. Establishment of related entities.
    Sec. 2415. Report on diversity of memberships of independent
                                redistricting commissions.
          Part 3--Role of Courts in Development of Redistricting Plans

    Sec. 2421. Enactment of plan developed by 3-judge court.
    Sec. 2422. Special rule for redistricting conducted under order of
                                Federal court.
              Part 4--Administrative and Miscellaneous Provisions

    Sec. 2431. Payments to States for carrying out redistricting.
    Sec. 2432. Civil enforcement.
    Sec. 2433. State apportionment notice defined.
    Sec. 2434. No effect on elections for State and local office.
    Sec. 2435. Effective date.
      Part 5--Requirements for Redistricting Carried Out Pursuant to 2020
                                     Census

       subpart a--application of certain requirements for redistricting
                      carried out pursuant to 2020 census

    Sec. 2441. Application of certain requirements for redistricting
                                carried out pursuant to 2020 Census.
    Sec. 2442. Triggering events.
      subpart b--independent redistricting commissions for redistricting
                      carried out pursuant to 2020 census

    Sec. 2451. Use of independent redistricting commissions for
                                redistricting carried out pursuant to 2020
                                Census.
    Sec. 2452. Establishment of selection pool of individuals eligible to
                                serve as members of commission.
    Sec. 2453. Criteria for redistricting plan; public notice and input.
    Sec. 2454. Establishment of related entities.
    Sec. 2455. Report on diversity of memberships of independent
                                redistricting commissions.
             Subtitle F--Saving Eligible Voters From Voter Purging

    Sec. 2501. Short title.
    Sec. 2502. Conditions for removal of voters from list of registered
                                voters.
        Subtitle G--No Effect on Authority of States To Provide Greater
                            Opportunities for Voting

    Sec. 2601. No effect on authority of States to provide greater
                                opportunities for voting.
               Subtitle H--Residence of Incarcerated Individuals

    Sec. 2701. Residence of incarcerated individuals.
                 Subtitle I--Findings Relating to Youth Voting

    Sec. 2801. Findings relating to youth voting.
                            Subtitle J--Severability

    Sec. 2901. Severability.

    Subtitle A--Findings Reaffirming Commitment of Congress to Restore the
                               Voting Rights Act

    SEC. 2001. FINDINGS REAFFIRMING COMMITMENT OF CONGRESS TO RESTORE THE
                  VOTING RIGHTS ACT.

        (a) Findings.--Congress finds the following:
                (1) The right to vote for all Americans is a fundamental
            right guaranteed by the United States Constitution.
                (2) Federal, State, and local governments should protect
            the right to vote and promote voter participation across all
            demographics.
                (3) The Voting Rights Act has empowered the Department of
            Justice and Federal courts for nearly a half a century to block
            discriminatory voting practices before their implementation in
            States and localities with the most troubling histories,
            ongoing records of racial discrimination, and demonstrations of
            lower participation rates for protected classes.
                (4) There continues to be an alarming movement to erect
            barriers to make it more difficult for Americans to participate
            in our Nation's democratic process. The Nation has witnessed
            unprecedented efforts to turn back the clock and enact
            suppressive laws that block access to the franchise for
            communities of color which have faced historic and continuing
            discrimination, as well as disabled, young, elderly, and low-
            income Americans.
                (5) The Supreme Court's decision in Shelby County v. Holder
            (570 U.S. 529 (2013)), gutted decades-long Federal protections
            for communities of color and language-minority populations
            facing ongoing discrimination, emboldening States and local
            jurisdictions to pass voter suppression laws and implement
            procedures, like those requiring photo identification, limiting
            early voting hours, eliminating same-day registration, purging
            voters from the rolls, and reducing the number of polling
            places.
                (6) Racial discrimination in voting is a clear and
            persistent problem. The actions of States and localities around
            the country post-Shelby County, including at least 10 findings
            by Federal courts of intentional discrimination, underscored
            the need for Congress to conduct investigatory and evidentiary
            hearings to determine the legislation necessary to restore the
            Voting Rights Act and combat continuing efforts in America that
            suppress the free exercise of the franchise in Black and other
            communities of color.
                (7) Evidence of discriminatory voting practice spans from
            decades ago through to the past several election cycles. The
            2018 midterm elections, for example, demonstrated ongoing
            discrimination in voting.
                (8) During the 116th Congress, congressional committees in
            the House of Representatives held numerous hearings, collecting
            substantial testimony and other evidence which underscored the
            need to pass a restoration of the Voting Rights Act.
                (9) On December 6, 2019, the House of Representatives
            passed the John R. Lewis Voting Rights Advancement Act, which
            would restore and modernize the Voting Rights Act, in
            accordance with language from the Shelby County decision.
            Congress reaffirms that the barriers faced by too many voters
            across this Nation when trying to cast their ballot necessitate
            reintroduction of many of the protections once afforded by the
            Voting Rights Act.
                (10) The 2020 primary and general elections provide further
            evidence that systemic voter discrimination and intimidation
            continues to occur in communities of color across the country,
            making it clear that full access to the franchise will not be
            achieved until Congress restores key provisions of the Voting
            Rights Act.
                (11) As of late-February 2021, 43 States had introduced,
            prefiled, or carried over 253 bills to restrict voting access
            that, primarily, limit mail voting access, impose stricter
            voter ID requirements, slash voter registration opportunities,
            and/or enable more aggressive voter roll purges.
        (b) Purposes.--The purposes of this Act are as follows:
                (1) To improve access to the ballot for all citizens.
                (2) To establish procedures by which States and localities,
            in accordance with past actions, submit voting practice changes
            for preclearance by the Federal Government.
                (3) To enhance the integrity and security of our voting
            systems.
                (4) To ensure greater accountability for the administration
            of elections by States and localities.
                (5) To restore protections for voters against practices in
            States and localities plagued by the persistence of voter
            disenfranchisement.
                (6) To ensure that Federal civil rights laws protect the
            rights of voters against discriminatory and deceptive
            practices.

         Subtitle B--Findings Relating to Native American Voting Rights

    SEC. 2101. FINDINGS RELATING TO NATIVE AMERICAN VOTING RIGHTS.

        Congress finds the following:
                (1) The right to vote for all Americans is sacred. Congress
            must fulfill the Federal Government's trust responsibility to
            protect and promote Native Americans' exercise of their
            fundamental right to vote, including equal access to voter
            registration voting mechanisms and locations, and the ability
            to serve as election officials.
                (2) The Native American Voting Rights Coalition's four-
            State survey of voter discrimination (2016) and nine field
            hearings in Indian Country (2017-2018) revealed obstacles that
            Native Americans must overcome, including a lack of accessible
            and proximate registration and polling sites, nontraditional
            addresses for residents on Indian reservations, inadequate
            language assistance for Tribal members, and voter
            identification laws that discriminate against Native Americans.
            The Department of Justice and courts have recognized that some
            jurisdictions have been unresponsive to reasonable requests
            from federally recognized Indian Tribes for more accessible and
            proximate voter registration sites and in-person voting
            locations.
                (3) The 2018 midterm and 2020 general elections provide
            further evidence that systemic voter discrimination and
            intimidation continues to occur in communities of color and
            Tribal lands across the country, making it clear that democracy
            reform cannot be achieved until Congress restores key
            provisions of the Voting Rights Act and passes additional
            protections.
                (4) Congress has broad, plenary authority to enact
            legislation to safeguard the voting rights of Native American
            voters.
                (5) Congress must conduct investigatory and evidentiary
            hearings to determine the necessary legislation to restore the
            Voting Rights Act and combat continuous efforts that suppress
            the voter franchise within Tribal lands, to include, but not to
            be limited to, the Native American Voting Rights Act (NAVRA)
            and the Voting Rights Advancement Act (VRAA).

        Subtitle C--Findings Relating to District of Columbia Statehood

    SEC. 2201. FINDINGS RELATING TO DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA STATEHOOD.

        Congress finds the following:
                (1) The 705,000 District of Columbia residents deserve
            voting representation in Congress and local self-government,
            which only statehood can provide.
                (2) The United States is the only democratic country that
            denies both voting representation in the national legislature
            and local self-government to the residents of its Nation's
            capital.
                (3) There are no constitutional, historical, fiscal, or
            economic reasons why the Americans who live in the District of
            Columbia should not be granted statehood.
                (4) Since the founding of the United States, the residents
            of the District of Columbia have always carried all of the
            obligations of citizenship, including serving in all of the
            Nation's wars and paying Federal taxes, but have been denied
            voting representation in Congress and freedom from
            congressional interference in purely local matters.
                (5) The District of Columbia pays more Federal taxes per
            capita than any State and more Federal taxes than 22 States.
                (6) The District of Columbia has a larger population than 2
            States (Wyoming and Vermont), and 6 States have a population
            under one million.
                (7) The District of Columbia has a larger budget than 12
            States.
                (8) The Constitution of the United States gives Congress
            the authority to admit new States (clause 1, section 3, article
            IV) and reduce the size of the seat of the Government of the
            United States (clause 17, section 8, article I). All 37 new
            States have been admitted by an Act of Congress, and Congress
            has previously reduced the size of the seat of the Government
            of the United States.
                (9) On June 26, 2020, by a vote of 232-180, the House of
            Representatives passed H.R. 51, the Washington, D.C. Admission
            Act, which would have admitted the State of Washington,
            Douglass Commonwealth from the residential portions of the
            District of Columbia and reduced the size of the seat of the
            Government of the United States to the United States Capitol,
            the White House, the United States Supreme Court, the National
            Mall, and the principal Federal monuments and buildings.

                     Subtitle D--Territorial Voting Rights

    SEC. 2301. FINDINGS RELATING TO TERRITORIAL VOTING RIGHTS.

        Congress finds the following:
                (1) The right to vote is one of the most powerful
            instruments residents of the territories of the United States
            have to ensure that their voices are heard.
                (2) These Americans have played an important part in the
            American democracy for more than 120 years.
                (3) Political participation and the right to vote are among
            the highest concerns of territorial residents in part because
            they were not always afforded these rights.
                (4) Voter participation in the territories consistently
            ranks higher than many communities on the mainland.
                (5) Territorial residents serve and die, on a per capita
            basis, at a higher rate in every United States war and conflict
            since WWI, as an expression of their commitment to American
            democratic principles and patriotism.

    SEC. 2302. CONGRESSIONAL TASK FORCE ON VOTING RIGHTS OF UNITED STATES
                  CITIZEN RESIDENTS OF TERRITORIES OF THE UNITED STATES.

        (a) Establishment.--There is established within the legislative
    branch a Congressional Task Force on Voting Rights of United States
    Citizen Residents of Territories of the United States (in this section
    referred to as the ``Task Force'').
        (b) Membership.--The Task Force shall be composed of 12 members as
    follows:
                (1) One Member of the House of Representatives, who shall
            be appointed by the Speaker of the House of Representatives, in
            coordination with the Chairman of the Committee on Natural
            Resources of the House of Representatives.
                (2) One Member of the House of Representatives, who shall
            be appointed by the Speaker of the House of Representatives, in
            coordination with the Chairman of the Committee on the
            Judiciary of the House of Representatives.
                (3) One Member of the House of Representatives, who shall
            be appointed by the Speaker of the House of Representatives, in
            coordination with the Chairman of the Committee on House
            Administration of the House of Representatives.
                (4) One Member of the House of Representatives, who shall
            be appointed by the minority leader of the House of
            Representatives, in coordination with the ranking minority
            member of the Committee on Natural Resources of the House of
            Representatives.
                (5) One Member of the House of Representatives, who shall
            be appointed by the minority leader of the House of
            Representatives, in coordination with the ranking minority
            member of the Committee on the Judiciary of the House of
            Representatives.
                (6) One Member of the House of Representatives, who shall
            be appointed by the minority leader of the House of
            Representatives, in coordination with the ranking minority
            member of the Committee on House Administration of the House of
            Representatives.
                (7) One Member of the Senate, who shall be appointed by the
            majority leader of the Senate, in coordination with the
            Chairman of the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of
            the Senate.
                (8) One Member of the Senate, who shall be appointed by the
            majority leader of the Senate, in coordination with the
            Chairman of the Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate.
                (9) One Member of the Senate, who shall be appointed by the
            majority leader of the Senate, in coordination with the
            Chairman of the Committee on Rules and Administration of the
            Senate.
                (10) One Member of the Senate, who shall be appointed by
            the minority leader of the Senate, in coordination with the
            ranking minority member of the Committee on Energy and Natural
            Resources of the Senate.
                (11) One Member of the Senate, who shall be appointed by
            the minority leader of the Senate, in coordination with the
            ranking minority member of the Committee on the Judiciary of
            the Senate.
                (12) One Member of the Senate, who shall be appointed by
            the minority leader of the Senate, in coordination with the
            ranking minority member of the Committee on Rules and
            Administration of the Senate.
        (c) Deadline for Appointment.--All appointments to the Task Force
    shall be made not later than 30 days after the date of enactment of
    this Act.
        (d) Chair.--The Speaker shall designate one Member to serve as
    chair of the Task Force.
        (e) Vacancies.--Any vacancy in the Task Force shall be filled in
    the same manner as the original appointment.
        (f) Status Update.--Between September 1, 2021, and September 30,
    2021, the Task Force shall provide a status update to the House of
    Representatives and the Senate that includes--
                (1) information the Task Force has collected; and
                (2) a discussion on matters that the chairman of the Task
            Force deems urgent for consideration by Congress.
        (g) Report.--Not later than December 31, 2021, the Task Force shall
    issue a report of its findings to the House of Representatives and the
    Senate regarding--
                (1) the economic and societal consequences (through
            statistical data and other metrics) that come with political
            disenfranchisement of United States citizens in territories of
            the United States;
                (2) impediments to full and equal voting rights for United
            States citizens who are residents of territories of the United
            States in Federal elections, including the election of the
            President and Vice President of the United States;
                (3) impediments to full and equal voting representation in
            the House of Representatives for United States citizens who are
            residents of territories of the United States;
                (4) recommended changes that, if adopted, would allow for
            full and equal voting rights for United States citizens who are
            residents of territories of the United States in Federal
            elections, including the election of the President and Vice
            President of the United States;
                (5) recommended changes that, if adopted, would allow for
            full and equal voting representation in the House of
            Representatives for United States citizens who are residents of
            territories of the United States; and
                (6) additional information the Task Force deems
            appropriate.
        (h) Consensus Views.--To the greatest extent practicable, the
    report issued under subsection (g) shall reflect the shared views of
    all 12 Members, except that the report may contain dissenting views.
        (i) Hearings and Sessions.--The Task Force may, for the purpose of
    carrying out this section, hold hearings, sit and act at times and
    places, take testimony, and receive evidence as the Task Force
    considers appropriate.
        (j) Stakeholder Participation.--In carrying out its duties, the
    Task Force shall consult with the governments of American Samoa, Guam,
    the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, the Commonwealth of
    Puerto Rico, and the United States Virgin Islands.
        (k) Resources.--The Task Force shall carry out its duties by
    utilizing existing facilities, services, and staff of the House of
    Representatives and the Senate.
        (l) Termination.--The Task Force shall terminate upon issuing the
    report required under subsection (g).

                        Subtitle E--Redistricting Reform

    SEC. 2400. SHORT TITLE; FINDING OF CONSTITUTIONAL AUTHORITY.

        (a) Short Title.--This subtitle may be cited as the ``Redistricting
    Reform Act of 2021''.
        (b) Finding of Constitutional Authority.--Congress finds that it
    has the authority to establish the terms and conditions States must
    follow in carrying out congressional redistricting after an
    apportionment of Members of the House of Representatives because--
                (1) the authority granted to Congress under article I,
            section 4 of the Constitution of the United States gives
            Congress the power to enact laws governing the time, place, and
            manner of elections for Members of the House of
            Representatives; and
                (2) the authority granted to Congress under section 5 of
            the fourteenth amendment to the Constitution gives Congress the
            power to enact laws to enforce section 2 of such amendment,
            which requires Representatives to be apportioned among the
            several States according to their number.

              PART 1--REQUIREMENTS FOR CONGRESSIONAL REDISTRICTING

    SEC. 2401. REQUIRING CONGRESSIONAL REDISTRICTING TO BE CONDUCTED
                  THROUGH PLAN OF INDEPENDENT STATE COMMISSION.

        (a) Use of Plan Required.--Notwithstanding any other provision of
    law, and except as provided in subsection (c) and subsection (d), any
    congressional redistricting conducted by a State shall be conducted in
    accordance with--
                (1) the redistricting plan developed and enacted into law
            by the independent redistricting commission established in the
            State, in accordance with part 2; or
                (2) if a plan developed by such commission is not enacted
            into law, the redistricting plan developed and enacted into law
            by a 3-judge court, in accordance with section 2421.
        (b) Conforming Amendment.--Section 22(c) of the Act entitled ``An
    Act to provide for the fifteenth and subsequent decennial censuses and
    to provide for an apportionment of Representatives in Congress'',
    approved June 18, 1929 (2 U.S.C. 2a(c)), is amended by striking ``in
    the manner provided by the law thereof'' and inserting: ``in the manner
    provided by the Redistricting Reform Act of 2021''.
        (c) Special Rule for Existing Commissions.--Subsection (a) does not
    apply to any State in which, under law in effect continuously on and
    after the date of the enactment of this Act, congressional
    redistricting is carried out in accordance with a plan developed and
    approved by an independent redistricting commission which is in
    compliance with each of the following requirements:
                (1) Publicly available application process.--Membership on
            the commission is open to citizens of the State through a
            publicly available application process.
                (2) Disqualifications for government service and political
            appointment.--Individuals who, for a covered period of time as
            established by the State, hold or have held public office,
            individuals who are or have been candidates for elected public
            office, and individuals who serve or have served as an officer,
            employee, or paid consultant of a campaign committee of a
            candidate for public office are disqualified from serving on
            the commission.
                (3) Screening for conflicts.--Individuals who apply to
            serve on the commission are screened through a process that
            excludes persons with conflicts of interest from the pool of
            potential commissioners.
                (4) Multi-partisan composition.--Membership on the
            commission represents those who are affiliated with the two
            political parties whose candidates received the most votes in
            the most recent statewide election for Federal office held in
            the State, as well as those who are unaffiliated with any party
            or who are affiliated with political parties other than the two
            political parties whose candidates received the most votes in
            the most recent statewide election for Federal office held in
            the State.
                (5) Criteria for redistricting.--Members of the commission
            are required to meet certain criteria in the map drawing
            process, including minimizing the division of communities of
            interest and a ban on drawing maps to favor a political party.
                (6) Public input.--Public hearings are held and comments
            from the public are accepted before a final map is approved.
                (7) Broad-based support for approval of final plan.--The
            approval of the final redistricting plan requires a majority
            vote of the members of the commission, including the support of
            at least one member of each of the following:
                        (A) Members who are affiliated with the political
                    party whose candidate received the most votes in the
                    most recent statewide election for Federal office held
                    in the State.
                        (B) Members who are affiliated with the political
                    party whose candidate received the second most votes in
                    the most recent statewide election for Federal office
                    held in the State.
                        (C) Members who are not affiliated with any
                    political party or who are affiliated with political
                    parties other than the political parties described in
                    subparagraphs (A) and (B).
        (d) Treatment of State of Iowa.--Subsection (a) does not apply to
    the State of Iowa, so long as congressional redistricting in such State
    is carried out in accordance with a plan developed by the Iowa
    Legislative Services Agency with the assistance of a Temporary
    Redistricting Advisory Commission, under law which was in effect for
    the most recent congressional redistricting carried out in the State
    prior to the date of the enactment of this Act and which remains in
    effect continuously on and after the date of the enactment of this Act.

    SEC. 2402. BAN ON MID-DECADE REDISTRICTING.

        A State that has been redistricted in accordance with this subtitle
    and a State described in section 2401(c) or section 2401(d) may not be
    redistricted again until after the next apportionment of
    Representatives under section 22(a) of the Act entitled ``An Act to
    provide for the fifteenth and subsequent decennial censuses and to
    provide for an apportionment of Representatives in Congress'', approved
    June 18, 1929 (2 U.S.C. 2a), unless a court requires the State to
    conduct such subsequent redistricting to comply with the Constitution
    of the United States, the Voting Rights Act of 1965 (52 U.S.C. 10301 et
    seq.), the Constitution of the State, or the terms or conditions of
    this subtitle.

    SEC. 2403. CRITERIA FOR REDISTRICTING.

        (a) Criteria.--Under the redistricting plan of a State, there shall
    be established single-member congressional districts using the
    following criteria as set forth in the following order of priority:
                (1) Districts shall comply with the United States
            Constitution, including the requirement that they equalize
            total population.
                (2) Districts shall comply with the Voting Rights Act of
            1965 (52 U.S.C. 10301 et seq.), including by creating any
            districts where two or more politically cohesive groups
            protected by such Act are able to elect representatives of
            choice in coalition with one another, and all applicable
            Federal laws.
                (3) Districts shall be drawn, to the extent that the
            totality of the circumstances warrant, to ensure the practical
            ability of a group protected under the Voting Rights Act of
            1965 (52 U.S.C. 10301 et seq.) to participate in the political
            process and to nominate candidates and to elect representatives
            of choice is not diluted or diminished, regardless of whether
            or not such protected group constitutes a majority of a
            district's citizen voting age population.
                (4) Districts shall respect communities of interest,
            neighborhoods, and political subdivisions to the extent
            practicable and after compliance with the requirements of
            paragraphs (1) through (3). A community of interest is defined
            as an area with recognized similarities of interests, including
            but not limited to ethnic, racial, economic, tribal, social,
            cultural, geographic or historic identities. The term
            communities of interest may, in certain circumstances, include
            political subdivisions such as counties, municipalities, tribal
            lands and reservations, or school districts, but shall not
            include common relationships with political parties or
            political candidates.
        (b) No Favoring or Disfavoring of Political Parties.--
                (1) Prohibition.--The redistricting plan enacted by a State
            shall not, when considered on a Statewide basis, be drawn with
            the intent or the effect of unduly favoring or disfavoring any
            political party.
                (2) Determination of effect.--
                        (A) Totality of circumstances.--For purposes of
                    paragraph (1), the determination of whether a
                    redistricting plan has the effect of unduly favoring or
                    disfavoring a political party shall be based on the
                    totality of circumstances, including evidence regarding
                    the durability and severity of a plan's partisan bias.
                        (B) Plans deemed to have effect of unduly favoring
                    or disfavoring a political party.--Without limiting
                    other ways in which a redistricting plan may be
                    determined to have the effect of unduly favoring or
                    disfavoring a political party under the totality of
                    circumstances under subparagraph (A), a redistricting
                    plan shall be deemed to have the effect of unduly
                    favoring or disfavoring a political party if--
                                (i) modeling based on relevant historical
                            voting patterns shows that the plan is
                            statistically likely to result in a partisan
                            bias of more than one seat in States with 20 or
                            fewer congressional districts or a partisan
                            bias of more than 2 seats in States with more
                            than 20 congressional districts, as determined
                            using quantitative measures of partisan
                            fairness, which may include, but are not
                            limited to, the seats-to-votes curve for an
                            enacted plan, the efficiency gap, the
                            declination, partisan asymmetry, and the mean-
                            median difference, and
                                (ii) alternative plans, which may include,
                            but are not limited to, those generated by
                            redistricting algorithms, exist that could have
                            complied with the requirements of law and not
                            been in violation of paragraph (1).
                (3) Determination of intent.--For purposes of paragraph
            (A), a rebuttable presumption shall exist that a redistricting
            plan enacted by the legislature of a State was not enacted with
            the intent of unduly favoring or disfavoring a political party
            if the plan was enacted with the support of at least a third of
            the members of the second largest political party in each house
            of the legislature.
                (4) No violation based on certain criteria.--No
            redistricting plan shall be found to be in violation of
            paragraph (1) because of partisan bias attributable to the
            application of the criteria set forth in paragraphs (1), (2),
            or (3) of subsection (a), unless one or more alternative plans
            could have complied with such paragraphs without having the
            effect of unduly favoring or disfavoring a political party.
        (c) Factors Prohibited From Consideration.--In developing the
    redistricting plan for the State, the independent redistricting
    commission may not take into consideration any of the following
    factors, except to the extent necessary to comply with the criteria
    described in paragraphs (1) through (3) of subsection (a), subsection
    (b), and to enable the redistricting plan to be measured against the
    external metrics described in section 2413(d):
                (1) The residence of any Member of the House of
            Representatives or candidate.
                (2) The political party affiliation or voting history of
            the population of a district.
        (d) Applicability.--This section applies to any authority, whether
    appointed, elected, judicial, or otherwise, that designs or enacts a
    congressional redistricting plan of a State.
        (e) Severability of Criteria.--If any of the criteria set forth in
    this section, or the application of such criteria to any person or
    circumstance, is held to be unconstitutional, the remaining criteria
    set forth in this section, and the application of such criteria to any
    person or circumstance, shall not be affected by the holding.

                 PART 2--INDEPENDENT REDISTRICTING COMMISSIONS

    SEC. 2411. INDEPENDENT REDISTRICTING COMMISSION.

        (a) Appointment of Members.--
                (1) In general.--The nonpartisan agency established or
            designated by a State under section 2414(a) shall establish an
            independent redistricting commission for the State, which shall
            consist of 15 members appointed by the agency as follows:
                        (A) Not later than October 1 of a year ending in
                    the numeral zero, the agency shall, at a public meeting
                    held not earlier than 15 days after notice of the
                    meeting has been given to the public, first appoint 6
                    members as follows:
                                (i) The agency shall appoint 2 members on a
                            random basis from the majority category of the
                            approved selection pool (as described in
                            section 2412(b)(1)(A)).
                                (ii) The agency shall appoint 2 members on
                            a random basis from the minority category of
                            the approved selection pool (as described in
                            section 2412(b)(1)(B)).
                                (iii) The agency shall appoint 2 members on
                            a random basis from the independent category of
                            the approved selection pool (as described in
                            section 2412(b)(1)(C)).
                        (B) Not later than November 15 of a year ending in
                    the numeral zero, the members appointed by the agency
                    under subparagraph (A) shall, at a public meeting held
                    not earlier than 15 days after notice of the meeting
                    has been given to the public, then appoint 9 members as
                    follows:
                                (i) The members shall appoint 3 members
                            from the majority category of the approved
                            selection pool (as described in section
                            2412(b)(1)(A)).
                                (ii) The members shall appoint 3 members
                            from the minority category of the approved
                            selection pool (as described in section
                            2412(b)(1)(B)).
                                (iii) The members shall appoint 3 members
                            from the independent category of the approved
                            selection pool (as described in section
                            2412(b)(1)(C)).
                (2) Rules for appointment of members appointed by first
            members.--
                        (A) Affirmative vote of at least 4 members.--The
                    appointment of any of the 9 members of the independent
                    redistricting commission who are appointed by the first
                    members of the commission pursuant to subparagraph (B)
                    of paragraph (1), as well as the designation of
                    alternates for such members pursuant to subparagraph
                    (B) of paragraph (3) and the appointment of alternates
                    to fill vacancies pursuant to subparagraph (B) of
                    paragraph (4), shall require the affirmative vote of at
                    least 4 of the members appointed by the nonpartisan
                    agency under subparagraph (A) of paragraph (1),
                    including at least one member from each of the
                    categories referred to in such subparagraph.
                        (B) Ensuring diversity.--In appointing the 9
                    members pursuant to subparagraph (B) of paragraph (1),
                    as well as in designating alternates pursuant to
                    subparagraph (B) of paragraph (3) and in appointing
                    alternates to fill vacancies pursuant to subparagraph
                    (B) of paragraph (4), the first members of the
                    independent redistricting commission shall ensure that
                    the membership is representative of the demographic
                    groups (including racial, ethnic, economic, and gender)
                    and geographic regions of the State, and provides
                    racial, ethnic, and language minorities protected under
                    the Voting Rights Act of 1965 with a meaningful
                    opportunity to participate in the development of the
                    State's redistricting plan.
                (3) Designation of alternates to serve in case of
            vacancies.--
                        (A) Members appointed by agency.--At the time the
                    agency appoints the members of the independent
                    redistricting commission under subparagraph (A) of
                    paragraph (1) from each of the categories referred to
                    in such subparagraph, the agency shall, on a random
                    basis, designate 2 other individuals from such category
                    to serve as alternate members who may be appointed to
                    fill vacancies in the commission in accordance with
                    paragraph (4).
                        (B) Members appointed by first members.--At the
                    time the members appointed by the agency appoint the
                    other members of the independent redistricting
                    commission under subparagraph (B) of paragraph (1) from
                    each of the categories referred to in such
                    subparagraph, the members shall, in accordance with the
                    special rules described in paragraph (2), designate 2
                    other individuals from such category to serve as
                    alternate members who may be appointed to fill
                    vacancies in the commission in accordance with
                    paragraph (4).
                (4) Appointment of alternates to serve in case of
            vacancies.--
                        (A) Members appointed by agency.--If a vacancy
                    occurs in the commission with respect to a member who
                    was appointed by the nonpartisan agency under
                    subparagraph (A) of paragraph (1) from one of the
                    categories referred to in such subparagraph, the agency
                    shall fill the vacancy by appointing, on a random
                    basis, one of the 2 alternates from such category who
                    was designated under subparagraph (A) of paragraph (3).
                    At the time the agency appoints an alternate to fill a
                    vacancy under the previous sentence, the agency shall
                    designate, on a random basis, another individual from
                    the same category to serve as an alternate member, in
                    accordance with subparagraph (A) of paragraph (3).
                        (B) Members appointed by first members.--If a
                    vacancy occurs in the commission with respect to a
                    member who was appointed by the first members of the
                    commission under subparagraph (B) of paragraph (1) from
                    one of the categories referred to in such subparagraph,
                    the first members shall, in accordance with the special
                    rules described in paragraph (2), fill the vacancy by
                    appointing one of the 2 alternates from such category
                    who was designated under subparagraph (B) of paragraph
                    (3). At the time the first members appoint an alternate
                    to fill a vacancy under the previous sentence, the
                    first members shall, in accordance with the special
                    rules described in paragraph (2), designate another
                    individual from the same category to serve as an
                    alternate member, in accordance with subparagraph (B)
                    of paragraph (3).
                (5) Removal.--A member of the independent redistricting
            commission may be removed by a majority vote of the remaining
            members of the commission if it is shown by a preponderance of
            the evidence that the member is not eligible to serve on the
            commission under section 2412(a).
        (b) Procedures for Conducting Commission Business.--
                (1) Chair.--Members of an independent redistricting
            commission established under this section shall select by
            majority vote one member who was appointed from the independent
            category of the approved selection pool described in section
            2412(b)(1)(C) to serve as chair of the commission. The
            commission may not take any action to develop a redistricting
            plan for the State under section 2413 until the appointment of
            the commission's chair.
                (2) Requiring majority approval for actions.--The
            independent redistricting commission of a State may not publish
            and disseminate any draft or final redistricting plan, or take
            any other action, without the approval of at least--
                        (A) a majority of the whole membership of the
                    commission; and
                        (B) at least one member of the commission appointed
                    from each of the categories of the approved selection
                    pool described in section 2412(b)(1).
                (3) Quorum.--A majority of the members of the commission
            shall constitute a quorum.
        (c) Staff; Contractors.--
                (1) Staff.--Under a public application process in which all
            application materials are available for public inspection, the
            independent redistricting commission of a State shall appoint
            and set the pay of technical experts, legal counsel,
            consultants, and such other staff as it considers appropriate,
            subject to State law.
                (2) Contractors.--The independent redistricting commission
            of a State may enter into such contracts with vendors as it
            considers appropriate, subject to State law, except that any
            such contract shall be valid only if approved by the vote of a
            majority of the members of the commission, including at least
            one member appointed from each of the categories of the
            approved selection pool described in section 2412(b)(1).
                (3) Reports on expenditures for political activity.--
                        (A) Report by applicants.--Each individual who
                    applies for a position as an employee of the
                    independent redistricting commission and each vendor
                    who applies for a contract with the commission shall,
                    at the time of applying, file with the commission a
                    report summarizing--
                                (i) any expenditure for political activity
                            made by such individual or vendor during the 10
                            most recent calendar years; and
                                (ii) any income received by such individual
                            or vendor during the 10 most recent calendar
                            years which is attributable to an expenditure
                            for political activity.
                        (B) Annual reports by employees and vendors.--Each
                    person who is an employee or vendor of the independent
                    redistricting commission shall, not later than 1 year
                    after the person is appointed as an employee or enters
                    into a contract as a vendor (as the case may be) and
                    annually thereafter for each year during which the
                    person serves as an employee or a vendor, file with the
                    commission a report summarizing the expenditures and
                    income described in subparagraph (A) during the 10 most
                    recent calendar years.
                        (C) Expenditure for political activity defined.--In
                    this paragraph, the term ``expenditure for political
                    activity'' means a disbursement for any of the
                    following:
                                (i) An independent expenditure, as defined
                            in section 301(17) of the Federal Election
                            Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30101(17)).
                                (ii) An electioneering communication, as
                            defined in section 304(f)(3) of such Act (52
                            U.S.C. 30104(f)(3)) or any other public
                            communication, as defined in section 301(22) of
                            such Act (52 U.S.C. 30101(22)) that would be an
                            electioneering communication if it were a
                            broadcast, cable, or satellite communication.
                                (iii) Any dues or other payments to trade
                            associations or organizations described in
                            section 501(c) of the Internal Revenue Code of
                            1986 and exempt from tax under section 501(a)
                            of such Code that are, or could reasonably be
                            anticipated to be, used or transferred to
                            another association or organization for a use
                            described in paragraph (1), (2), or (4) of
                            section 501(c) of such Code.
                (4) Goal of impartiality.--The commission shall take such
            steps as it considers appropriate to ensure that any staff
            appointed under this subsection, and any vendor with whom the
            commission enters into a contract under this subsection, will
            work in an impartial manner, and may require any person who
            applies for an appointment to a staff position or for a
            vendor's contract with the commission to provide information on
            the person's history of political activity beyond the
            information on the person's expenditures for political activity
            provided in the reports required under paragraph (3) (including
            donations to candidates, political committees, and political
            parties) as a condition of the appointment or the contract.
                (5) Disqualification; waiver.--
                        (A) In general.--The independent redistricting
                    commission may not appoint an individual as an
                    employee, and may not enter into a contract with a
                    vendor, if the individual or vendor meets any of the
                    criteria for the disqualification of an individual from
                    serving as a member of the commission which are set
                    forth in section 2412(a)(2).
                        (B) Waiver.--The commission may by unanimous vote
                    of its members waive the application of subparagraph
                    (A) to an individual or a vendor after receiving and
                    reviewing the report filed by the individual or vendor
                    under paragraph (3).
        (d) Termination.--
                (1) In general.--The independent redistricting commission
            of a State shall terminate on the earlier of--
                        (A) June 14 of the next year ending in the numeral
                    zero; or
                        (B) the day on which the nonpartisan agency
                    established or designated by a State under section
                    2414(a) has, in accordance with section 2412(b)(1),
                    submitted a selection pool to the Select Committee on
                    Redistricting for the State established under section
                    2414(b).
                (2) Preservation of records.--The State shall ensure that
            the records of the independent redistricting commission are
            retained in the appropriate State archive in such manner as may
            be necessary to enable the State to respond to any civil action
            brought with respect to congressional redistricting in the
            State.

    SEC. 2412. ESTABLISHMENT OF SELECTION POOL OF INDIVIDUALS ELIGIBLE TO
                  SERVE AS MEMBERS OF COMMISSION.

        (a) Criteria for Eligibility.--
                (1) In general.--An individual is eligible to serve as a
            member of an independent redistricting commission if the
            individual meets each of the following criteria:
                        (A) As of the date of appointment, the individual
                    is registered to vote in elections for Federal office
                    held in the State.
                        (B) During the 3-year period ending on the date of
                    the individual's appointment, the individual has been
                    continuously registered to vote with the same political
                    party, or has not been registered to vote with any
                    political party.
                        (C) The individual submits to the nonpartisan
                    agency established or designated by a State under
                    section 2413, at such time and in such form as the
                    agency may require, an application for inclusion in the
                    selection pool under this section, and includes with
                    the application a written statement, with an
                    attestation under penalty of perjury, containing the
                    following information and assurances:
                                (i) The full current name and any former
                            names of, and the contact information for, the
                            individual, including an electronic mail
                            address, the address of the individual's
                            residence, mailing address, and telephone
                            numbers.
                                (ii) The individual's race, ethnicity,
                            gender, age, date of birth, and household
                            income for the most recent taxable year.
                                (iii) The political party with which the
                            individual is affiliated, if any.
                                (iv) The reason or reasons the individual
                            desires to serve on the independent
                            redistricting commission, the individual's
                            qualifications, and information relevant to the
                            ability of the individual to be fair and
                            impartial, including, but not limited to--
                                        (I) any involvement with, or
                                    financial support of, professional,
                                    social, political, religious, or
                                    community organizations or causes;
                                        (II) the individual's employment
                                    and educational history.
                                (v) An assurance that the individual shall
                            commit to carrying out the individual's duties
                            under this subtitle in an honest, independent,
                            and impartial fashion, and to upholding public
                            confidence in the integrity of the
                            redistricting process.
                                (vi) An assurance that, during the covered
                            periods described in paragraph (3), the
                            individual has not taken and will not take any
                            action which would disqualify the individual
                            from serving as a member of the commission
                            under paragraph (2).
                (2) Disqualifications.--An individual is not eligible to
            serve as a member of the commission if any of the following
            applies during any of the covered periods described in
            paragraph (3):
                        (A) The individual or (in the case of the covered
                    periods described in subparagraphs (A) and (B) of
                    paragraph (3)) an immediate family member of the
                    individual holds public office or is a candidate for
                    election for public office.
                        (B) The individual or (in the case of the covered
                    periods described in subparagraphs (A) and (B) of
                    paragraph (3)) an immediate family member of the
                    individual serves as an officer of a political party or
                    as an officer, employee, or paid consultant of a
                    campaign committee of a candidate for public office or
                    of any political action committee (as determined in
                    accordance with the law of the State).
                        (C) The individual or (in the case of the covered
                    periods described in subparagraphs (A) and (B) of
                    paragraph (3)) an immediate family member of the
                    individual holds a position as a registered lobbyist
                    under the Lobbying Disclosure Act of 1995 (2 U.S.C.
                    1601 et seq.) or an equivalent State or local law.
                        (D) The individual or (in the case of the covered
                    periods described in subparagraphs (A) and (B) of
                    paragraph (3)) an immediate family member of the
                    individual is an employee of an elected public
                    official, a contractor with the government of the
                    State, or a donor to the campaign of any candidate for
                    public office or to any political action committee
                    (other than a donor who, during any of such covered
                    periods, gives an aggregate amount of $1,000 or less to
                    the campaigns of all candidates for all public offices
                    and to all political action committees).
                        (E) The individual paid a civil money penalty or
                    criminal fine, or was sentenced to a term of
                    imprisonment, for violating any provision of the
                    Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30101
                    et seq.).
                        (F) The individual or (in the case of the covered
                    periods described in subparagraphs (A) and (B) of
                    paragraph (3)) an immediate family member of the
                    individual is an agent of a foreign principal under the
                    Foreign Agents Registration Act of 1938, as amended (22
                    U.S.C. 611 et seq.).
                (3) Covered periods described.--In this subsection, the
            term ``covered period'' means, with respect to the appointment
            of an individual to the commission, any of the following:
                        (A) The 10-year period ending on the date of the
                    individual's appointment.
                        (B) The period beginning on the date of the
                    individual's appointment and ending on August 14 of the
                    next year ending in the numeral one.
                        (C) The 10-year period beginning on the day after
                    the last day of the period described in subparagraph
                    (B).
                (4) Immediate family member defined.--In this subsection,
            the term ``immediate family member'' means, with respect to an
            individual, a father, stepfather, mother, stepmother, son,
            stepson, daughter, stepdaughter, brother, stepbrother, sister,
            stepsister, husband, wife, father-in-law, or mother-in-law.
        (b) Development and Submission of Selection Pool.--
                (1) In general.--Not later than June 15 of each year ending
            in the numeral zero, the nonpartisan agency established or
            designated by a State under section 2414(a) shall develop and
            submit to the Select Committee on Redistricting for the State
            established under section 2414(b) a selection pool of 36
            individuals who are eligible to serve as members of the
            independent redistricting commission of the State under this
            subtitle, consisting of individuals in the following
            categories:
                        (A) A majority category, consisting of 12
                    individuals who are affiliated with the political party
                    whose candidate received the most votes in the most
                    recent statewide election for Federal office held in
                    the State.
                        (B) A minority category, consisting of 12
                    individuals who are affiliated with the political party
                    whose candidate received the second most votes in the
                    most recent statewide election for Federal office held
                    in the State.
                        (C) An independent category, consisting of 12
                    individuals who are not affiliated with either of the
                    political parties described in subparagraph (A) or
                    subparagraph (B).
                (2) Factors taken into account in developing pool.--In
            selecting individuals for the selection pool under this
            subsection, the nonpartisan agency shall--
                        (A) ensure that the pool is representative of the
                    demographic groups (including racial, ethnic, economic,
                    and gender) and geographic regions of the State, and
                    includes applicants who would allow racial, ethnic, and
                    language minorities protected under the Voting Rights
                    Act of 1965 a meaningful opportunity to participate in
                    the development of the State's redistricting plan; and
                        (B) take into consideration the analytical skills
                    of the individuals selected in relevant fields
                    (including mapping, data management, law, community
                    outreach, demography, and the geography of the State)
                    and their ability to work on an impartial basis.
                (3) Interviews of applicants.--To assist the nonpartisan
            agency in developing the selection pool under this subsection,
            the nonpartisan agency shall conduct interviews of applicants
            under oath. If an individual is included in a selection pool
            developed under this section, all of the interviews of the
            individual shall be transcribed and the transcriptions made
            available on the nonpartisan agency's website contemporaneously
            with release of the report under paragraph (6).
                (4) Determination of political party affiliation of
            individuals in selection pool.--For purposes of this section,
            an individual shall be considered to be affiliated with a
            political party only if the nonpartisan agency is able to
            verify (to the greatest extent possible) the information the
            individual provides in the application submitted under
            subsection (a)(1)(D), including by considering additional
            information provided by other persons with knowledge of the
            individual's history of political activity.
                (5) Encouraging residents to apply for inclusion in pool.--
            The nonpartisan agency shall take such steps as may be
            necessary to ensure that residents of the State across various
            geographic regions and demographic groups are aware of the
            opportunity to serve on the independent redistricting
            commission, including publicizing the role of the panel and
            using newspapers, broadcast media, and online sources,
            including ethnic media, to encourage individuals to apply for
            inclusion in the selection pool developed under this
            subsection.
                (6) Report on establishment of selection pool.--At the time
            the nonpartisan agency submits the selection pool to the Select
            Committee on Redistricting under paragraph (1), it shall
            publish and post on the agency's public website a report
            describing the process by which the pool was developed, and
            shall include in the report a description of how the
            individuals in the pool meet the eligibility criteria of
            subsection (a) and of how the pool reflects the factors the
            agency is required to take into consideration under paragraph
            (2).
                (7) Public comment on selection pool.--During the 14-day
            period which begins on the date the nonpartisan agency
            publishes the report under paragraph (6), the agency shall
            accept comments from the public on the individuals included in
            the selection pool. The agency shall post all such comments
            contemporaneously on the nonpartisan agency's website and shall
            transmit them to the Select Committee on Redistricting
            immediately upon the expiration of such period.
                (8) Action by select committee.--
                        (A) In general.--Not earlier than 15 days and not
                    later than 21 days after receiving the selection pool
                    from the nonpartisan agency under paragraph (1), the
                    Select Committee on Redistricting shall, by majority
                    vote--
                                (i) approve the pool as submitted by the
                            nonpartisan agency, in which case the pool
                            shall be considered the approved selection pool
                            for purposes of section 2411(a)(1); or
                                (ii) reject the pool, in which case the
                            nonpartisan agency shall develop and submit a
                            replacement selection pool in accordance with
                            subsection (c).
                        (B) Inaction deemed rejection.--If the Select
                    Committee on Redistricting fails to approve or reject
                    the pool within the deadline set forth in subparagraph
                    (A), the Select Committee shall be deemed to have
                    rejected the pool for purposes of such subparagraph.
        (c) Development of Replacement Selection Pool.--
                (1) In general.--If the Select Committee on Redistricting
            rejects the selection pool submitted by the nonpartisan agency
            under subsection (b), not later than 14 days after the
            rejection, the nonpartisan agency shall develop and submit to
            the Select Committee a replacement selection pool, under the
            same terms and conditions that applied to the development and
            submission of the selection pool under paragraphs (1) through
            (7) of subsection (b). The replacement pool submitted under
            this paragraph may include individuals who were included in the
            rejected selection pool submitted under subsection (b), so long
            as at least one of the individuals in the replacement pool was
            not included in such rejected pool.
                (2) Action by select committee.--
                        (A) In general.--Not later than 21 days after
                    receiving the replacement selection pool from the
                    nonpartisan agency under paragraph (1), the Select
                    Committee on Redistricting shall, by majority vote--
                                (i) approve the pool as submitted by the
                            nonpartisan agency, in which case the pool
                            shall be considered the approved selection pool
                            for purposes of section 2411(a)(1); or
                                (ii) reject the pool, in which case the
                            nonpartisan agency shall develop and submit a
                            second replacement selection pool in accordance
                            with subsection (d).
                        (B) Inaction deemed rejection.--If the Select
                    Committee on Redistricting fails to approve or reject
                    the pool within the deadline set forth in subparagraph
                    (A), the Select Committee shall be deemed to have
                    rejected the pool for purposes of such subparagraph.
        (d) Development of Second Replacement Selection Pool.--
                (1) In general.--If the Select Committee on Redistricting
            rejects the replacement selection pool submitted by the
            nonpartisan agency under subsection (c), not later than 14 days
            after the rejection, the nonpartisan agency shall develop and
            submit to the Select Committee a second replacement selection
            pool, under the same terms and conditions that applied to the
            development and submission of the selection pool under
            paragraphs (1) through (7) of subsection (b). The second
            replacement selection pool submitted under this paragraph may
            include individuals who were included in the rejected selection
            pool submitted under subsection (b) or the rejected replacement
            selection pool submitted under subsection (c), so long as at
            least one of the individuals in the replacement pool was not
            included in either such rejected pool.
                (2) Action by select committee.--
                        (A) In general.--Not earlier than 15 days and not
                    later than 14 days after receiving the second
                    replacement selection pool from the nonpartisan agency
                    under paragraph (1), the Select Committee on
                    Redistricting shall, by majority vote--
                                (i) approve the pool as submitted by the
                            nonpartisan agency, in which case the pool
                            shall be considered the approved selection pool
                            for purposes of section 2411(a)(1); or
                                (ii) reject the pool.
                        (B) Inaction deemed rejection.--If the Select
                    Committee on Redistricting fails to approve or reject
                    the pool within the deadline set forth in subparagraph
                    (A), the Select Committee shall be deemed to have
                    rejected the pool for purposes of such subparagraph.
                        (C) Effect of rejection.--If the Select Committee
                    on Redistricting rejects the second replacement pool
                    from the nonpartisan agency under paragraph (1), the
                    redistricting plan for the State shall be developed and
                    enacted in accordance with part 3.

    SEC. 2413. PUBLIC NOTICE AND INPUT.

        (a) Public Notice and Input.--
                (1) Use of open and transparent process.--The independent
            redistricting commission of a State shall hold each of its
            meetings in public, shall solicit and take into consideration
            comments from the public, including proposed maps, throughout
            the process of developing the redistricting plan for the State,
            and shall carry out its duties in an open and transparent
            manner which provides for the widest public dissemination
            reasonably possible of its proposed and final redistricting
            plans.
                (2) Website.--
                        (A) Features.--The commission shall maintain a
                    public Internet site which is not affiliated with or
                    maintained by the office of any elected official and
                    which includes the following features:
                                (i) General information on the commission,
                            its role in the redistricting process, and its
                            members, including contact information.
                                (ii) An updated schedule of commission
                            hearings and activities, including deadlines
                            for the submission of comments.
                                (iii) All draft redistricting plans
                            developed by the commission under subsection
                            (b) and the final redistricting plan developed
                            under subsection (c), including the
                            accompanying written evaluation under
                            subsection (d).
                                (iv) All comments received from the public
                            on the commission's activities, including any
                            proposed maps submitted under paragraph (1).
                                (v) Live streaming of commission hearings
                            and an archive of previous meetings, including
                            any documents considered at any such meeting,
                            which the commission shall post not later than
                            24 hours after the conclusion of the meeting.
                                (vi) Access in an easily useable format to
                            the demographic and other data used by the
                            commission to develop and analyze the proposed
                            redistricting plans, together with access to
                            any software used to draw maps of proposed
                            districts and to any reports analyzing and
                            evaluating any such maps.
                                (vii) A method by which members of the
                            public may submit comments and proposed maps
                            directly to the commission.
                                (viii) All records of the commission,
                            including all communications to or from
                            members, employees, and contractors regarding
                            the work of the commission.
                                (ix) A list of all contractors receiving
                            payment from the commission, together with the
                            annual disclosures submitted by the contractors
                            under section 2411(c)(3).
                                (x) A list of the names of all individuals
                            who submitted applications to serve on the
                            commission, together with the applications
                            submitted by individuals included in any
                            selection pool, except that the commission may
                            redact from such applications any financial or
                            other personally sensitive information.
                        (B) Searchable format.--The commission shall ensure
                    that all information posted and maintained on the site
                    under this paragraph, including information and
                    proposed maps submitted by the public, shall be
                    maintained in an easily searchable format.
                        (C) Deadline.--The commission shall ensure that the
                    public internet site under this paragraph is
                    operational (in at least a preliminary format) not
                    later than January 1 of the year ending in the numeral
                    one.
                (3) Public comment period.--The commission shall solicit,
            accept, and consider comments from the public with respect to
            its duties, activities, and procedures at any time during the
            period--
                        (A) which begins on January 1 of the year ending in
                    the numeral one; and
                        (B) which ends 7 days before the date of the
                    meeting at which the commission shall vote on approving
                    the final redistricting plan for enactment into law
                    under subsection (c)(2).
                (4) Meetings and hearings in various geographic
            locations.--To the greatest extent practicable, the commission
            shall hold its meetings and hearings in various geographic
            regions and locations throughout the State.
                (5) Multiple language requirements for all notices.--The
            commission shall make each notice which is required to be
            posted and published under this section available in any
            language in which the State (or any jurisdiction in the State)
            is required to provide election materials under section 203 of
            the Voting Rights Act of 1965.
        (b) Development and Publication of Preliminary Redistricting
    Plan.--
                (1) In general.--Prior to developing and publishing a final
            redistricting plan under subsection (c), the independent
            redistricting commission of a State shall develop and publish a
            preliminary redistricting plan.
                (2) Minimum public hearings and opportunity for comment
            prior to development.--
                        (A) 3 hearings required.--Prior to developing a
                    preliminary redistricting plan under this subsection,
                    the commission shall hold not fewer than 3 public
                    hearings at which members of the public may provide
                    input and comments regarding the potential contents of
                    redistricting plans for the State and the process by
                    which the commission will develop the preliminary plan
                    under this subsection.
                        (B) Minimum period for notice prior to hearings.--
                    Not fewer than 14 days prior to the date of each
                    hearing held under this paragraph, the commission shall
                    post notices of the hearing in on the website
                    maintained under subsection (a)(2), and shall provide
                    for the publication of such notices in newspapers of
                    general circulation throughout the State. Each such
                    notice shall specify the date, time, and location of
                    the hearing.
                        (C) Submission of plans and maps by members of the
                    public.--Any member of the public may submit maps or
                    portions of maps for consideration by the commission.
                    As provided under subsection (a)(2)(A), any such map
                    shall be made publicly available on the commission's
                    website and open to comment.
                (3) Publication of preliminary plan.--
                        (A) In general.--The commission shall post the
                    preliminary redistricting plan developed under this
                    subsection, together with a report that includes the
                    commission's responses to any public comments received
                    under subsection (a)(3), on the website maintained
                    under subsection (a)(2), and shall provide for the
                    publication of each such plan in newspapers of general
                    circulation throughout the State.
                        (B) Minimum period for notice prior to
                    publication.--Not fewer than 14 days prior to the date
                    on which the commission posts and publishes the
                    preliminary plan under this paragraph, the commission
                    shall notify the public through the website maintained
                    under subsection (a)(2), as well as through publication
                    of notice in newspapers of general circulation
                    throughout the State, of the pending publication of the
                    plan.
                (4) Minimum post-publication period for public comment.--
            The commission shall accept and consider comments from the
            public (including through the website maintained under
            subsection (a)(2)) with respect to the preliminary
            redistricting plan published under paragraph (3), including
            proposed revisions to maps, for not fewer than 30 days after
            the date on which the plan is published.
                (5) Post-publication hearings.--
                        (A) 3 hearings required.--After posting and
                    publishing the preliminary redistricting plan under
                    paragraph (3), the commission shall hold not fewer than
                    3 public hearings in different geographic areas of the
                    State at which members of the public may provide input
                    and comments regarding the preliminary plan.
                        (B) Minimum period for notice prior to hearings.--
                    Not fewer than 14 days prior to the date of each
                    hearing held under this paragraph, the commission shall
                    post notices of the hearing in on the website
                    maintained under subsection (a)(2), and shall provide
                    for the publication of such notices in newspapers of
                    general circulation throughout the State. Each such
                    notice shall specify the date, time, and location of
                    the hearing.
                (6) Permitting multiple preliminary plans.--At the option
            of the commission, after developing and publishing the
            preliminary redistricting plan under this subsection, the
            commission may develop and publish subsequent preliminary
            redistricting plans, so long as the process for the development
            and publication of each such subsequent plan meets the
            requirements set forth in this subsection for the development
            and publication of the first preliminary redistricting plan.
        (c) Process for Enactment of Final Redistricting Plan.--
                (1) In general.--After taking into consideration comments
            from the public on any preliminary redistricting plan developed
            and published under subsection (b), the independent
            redistricting commission of a State shall develop and publish a
            final redistricting plan for the State.
                (2) Meeting; final vote.--Not later than the deadline
            specified in subsection (e), the commission shall hold a public
            hearing at which the members of the commission shall vote on
            approving the final plan for enactment into law.
                (3) Publication of plan and accompanying materials.--Not
            fewer than 14 days before the date of the meeting under
            paragraph (2), the commission shall provide the following
            information to the public through the website maintained under
            subsection (a)(2), as well as through newspapers of general
            circulation throughout the State:
                        (A) The final redistricting plan, including all
                    relevant maps.
                        (B) A report by the commission to accompany the
                    plan which provides the background for the plan and the
                    commission's reasons for selecting the plan as the
                    final redistricting plan, including responses to the
                    public comments received on any preliminary
                    redistricting plan developed and published under
                    subsection (b).
                        (C) Any dissenting or additional views with respect
                    to the plan of individual members of the commission.
                (4) Enactment.--Subject to paragraph (5), the final
            redistricting plan developed and published under this
            subsection shall be deemed to be enacted into law upon the
            expiration of the 45-day period which begins on the date on
            which--
                        (A) such final plan is approved by a majority of
                    the whole membership of the commission; and
                        (B) at least one member of the commission appointed
                    from each of the categories of the approved selection
                    pool described in section 2412(b)(1) approves such
                    final plan.
                (5) Review by department of justice.--
                        (A) Requiring submission of plan for review.--The
                    final redistricting plan shall not be deemed to be
                    enacted into law unless the State submits the plan to
                    the Department of Justice for an administrative review
                    to determine if the plan is in compliance with the
                    criteria described in subparagraphs (B) and (C) of
                    section 2413(a)(1).
                        (B) Termination of review.--The Department of
                    Justice shall terminate any administrative review under
                    subparagraph (A) if, during the 45-day period which
                    begins on the date the plan is enacted into law, an
                    action is filed in a United States district court
                    alleging that the plan is not in compliance with the
                    criteria described in subparagraphs (B) and (C) of
                    section 2413(a)(1).
        (d) Written Evaluation of Plan Against External Metrics.--The
    independent redistricting commission shall include with each
    redistricting plan developed and published under this section a written
    evaluation that measures each such plan against external metrics which
    cover the criteria set forth in section 2403(a), including the impact
    of the plan on the ability of communities of color to elect candidates
    of choice, measures of partisan fairness using multiple accepted
    methodologies, and the degree to which the plan preserves or divides
    communities of interest.
        (e) Timing.--The independent redistricting commission of a State
    may begin its work on the redistricting plan of the State upon receipt
    of relevant population information from the Bureau of the Census, and
    shall approve a final redistricting plan for the State in each year
    ending in the numeral one not later than 8 months after the date on
    which the State receives the State apportionment notice or October 1,
    whichever occurs later.

    SEC. 2414. ESTABLISHMENT OF RELATED ENTITIES.

        (a) Establishment or Designation of Nonpartisan Agency of State
    Legislature.--
                (1) In general.--Each State shall establish a nonpartisan
            agency in the legislative branch of the State government to
            appoint the members of the independent redistricting commission
            for the State in accordance with section 2411.
                (2) Nonpartisanship described.--For purposes of this
            subsection, an agency shall be considered to be nonpartisan if
            under law the agency--
                        (A) is required to provide services on a
                    nonpartisan basis;
                        (B) is required to maintain impartiality; and
                        (C) is prohibited from advocating for the adoption
                    or rejection of any legislative proposal.
                (3) Training of members appointed to commission.--Not later
            than January 15 of a year ending in the numeral one, the
            nonpartisan agency established or designated under this
            subsection shall provide the members of the independent
            redistricting commission with initial training on their
            obligations as members of the commission, including obligations
            under the Voting Rights Act of 1965 and other applicable laws.
                (4) Regulations.--The nonpartisan agency established or
            designated under this subsection shall adopt and publish
            regulations, after notice and opportunity for comment,
            establishing the procedures that the agency will follow in
            fulfilling its duties under this subtitle, including the
            procedures to be used in vetting the qualifications and
            political affiliation of applicants and in creating the
            selection pools, the randomized process to be used in selecting
            the initial members of the independent redistricting
            commission, and the rules that the agency will apply to ensure
            that the agency carries out its duties under this subtitle in a
            maximally transparent, publicly accessible, and impartial
            manner.
                (5) Designation of existing agency.--At its option, a State
            may designate an existing agency in the legislative branch of
            its government to appoint the members of the independent
            redistricting commission plan for the State under this
            subtitle, so long as the agency meets the requirements for
            nonpartisanship under this subsection.
                (6) Termination of agency specifically established for
            redistricting.--If a State does not designate an existing
            agency under paragraph (5) but instead establishes a new agency
            to serve as the nonpartisan agency under this section, the new
            agency shall terminate upon the enactment into law of the
            redistricting plan for the State.
                (7) Preservation of records.--The State shall ensure that
            the records of the nonpartisan agency are retained in the
            appropriate State archive in such manner as may be necessary to
            enable the State to respond to any civil action brought with
            respect to congressional redistricting in the State.
                (8) Deadline.--The State shall meet the requirements of
            this subsection not later than each October 15 of a year ending
            in the numeral nine.
        (b) Establishment of Select Committee on Redistricting.--
                (1) In general.--Each State shall appoint a Select
            Committee on Redistricting to approve or disapprove a selection
            pool developed by the independent redistricting commission for
            the State under section 2412.
                (2) Appointment.--The Select Committee on Redistricting for
            a State under this subsection shall consist of the following
            members:
                        (A) One member of the upper house of the State
                    legislature, who shall be appointed by the leader of
                    the party with the greatest number of seats in the
                    upper house.
                        (B) One member of the upper house of the State
                    legislature, who shall be appointed by the leader of
                    the party with the second greatest number of seats in
                    the upper house.
                        (C) One member of the lower house of the State
                    legislature, who shall be appointed by the leader of
                    the party with the greatest number of seats in the
                    lower house.
                        (D) One member of the lower house of the State
                    legislature, who shall be appointed by the leader of
                    the party with the second greatest number of seats in
                    the lower house.
                (3) Special rule for states with unicameral legislature.--
            In the case of a State with a unicameral legislature, the
            Select Committee on Redistricting for the State under this
            subsection shall consist of the following members:
                        (A) Two members of the State legislature appointed
                    by the chair of the political party of the State whose
                    candidate received the highest percentage of votes in
                    the most recent statewide election for Federal office
                    held in the State.
                        (B) Two members of the State legislature appointed
                    by the chair of the political party whose candidate
                    received the second highest percentage of votes in the
                    most recent statewide election for Federal office held
                    in the State.
                (4) Deadline.--The State shall meet the requirements of
            this subsection not later than each January 15 of a year ending
            in the numeral zero.
                (5) Rule of construction.--Nothing in this subsection may
            be construed to prohibit the leader of any political party in a
            legislature from appointment to the Select Committee on
            Redistricting.

    SEC. 2415. REPORT ON DIVERSITY OF MEMBERSHIPS OF INDEPENDENT
                  REDISTRICTING COMMISSIONS.

        Not later than May 15 of a year ending in the numeral one, the
    Comptroller General of the United States shall submit to Congress a
    report on the extent to which the memberships of independent
    redistricting commissions for States established under this part with
    respect to the immediately preceding year ending in the numeral zero
    meet the diversity requirements as provided for in sections
    2411(a)(2)(B) and 2412(b)(2).

          PART 3--ROLE OF COURTS IN DEVELOPMENT OF REDISTRICTING PLANS

    SEC. 2421. ENACTMENT OF PLAN DEVELOPED BY 3-JUDGE COURT.

        (a) Development of Plan.--If any of the triggering events described
    in subsection (f) occur with respect to a State--
                (1) not later than December 15 of the year in which the
            triggering event occurs, the United States district court for
            the applicable venue, acting through a 3-judge Court convened
            pursuant to section 2284 of title 28, United States Code, shall
            develop and publish the congressional redistricting plan for
            the State; and
                (2) the final plan developed and published by the Court
            under this section shall be deemed to be enacted on the date on
            which the Court publishes the final plan, as described in
            subsection (d).
        (b) Applicable Venue Described.--For purposes of this section, the
    ``applicable venue'' with respect to a State is the District of
    Columbia or the judicial district in which the capital of the State is
    located, as selected by the first party to file with the court
    sufficient evidence of the occurrence of a triggering event described
    in subsection (f).
        (c) Procedures for Development of Plan.--
                (1) Criteria.--In developing a redistricting plan for a
            State under this section, the Court shall adhere to the same
            terms and conditions that applied (or that would have applied,
            as the case may be) to the development of a plan by the
            independent redistricting commission of the State under section
            2403.
                (2) Access to information and records of commission.--The
            Court shall have access to any information, data, software, or
            other records and material that was used (or that would have
            been used, as the case may be) by the independent redistricting
            commission of the State in carrying out its duties under this
            subtitle.
                (3) Hearing; public participation.--In developing a
            redistricting plan for a State, the Court shall--
                        (A) hold one or more evidentiary hearings at which
                    interested members of the public may appear and be
                    heard and present testimony, including expert
                    testimony, in accordance with the rules of the Court;
                    and
                        (B) consider other submissions and comments by the
                    public, including proposals for redistricting plans to
                    cover the entire State or any portion of the State.
                (4) Use of special master.--To assist in the development
            and publication of a redistricting plan for a State under this
            section, the Court may appoint a special master to make
            recommendations to the Court on possible plans for the State.
        (d) Publication of Plan.--
                (1) Public availability of initial plan.--Upon completing
            the development of one or more initial redistricting plans, the
            Court shall make the plans available to the public at no cost,
            and shall also make available the underlying data used by the
            Court to develop the plans and a written evaluation of the
            plans against external metrics (as described in section
            2413(d)).
                (2) Publication of final plan.--At any time after the
            expiration of the 14-day period which begins on the date the
            Court makes the plans available to the public under paragraph
            (1), and taking into consideration any submissions and comments
            by the public which are received during such period, the Court
            shall develop and publish the final redistricting plan for the
            State.
        (e) Use of Interim Plan.--In the event that the Court is not able
    to develop and publish a final redistricting plan for the State with
    sufficient time for an upcoming election to proceed, the Court may
    develop and publish an interim redistricting plan which shall serve as
    the redistricting plan for the State until the Court develops and
    publishes a final plan in accordance with this section. Nothing in this
    subsection may be construed to limit or otherwise affect the authority
    or discretion of the Court to develop and publish the final
    redistricting plan, including but not limited to the discretion to make
    any changes the Court deems necessary to an interim redistricting plan.
        (f) Triggering Events Described.--The ``triggering events''
    described in this subsection are as follows:
                (1) The failure of the State to establish or designate a
            nonpartisan agency of the State legislature under section
            2414(a) prior to the expiration of the deadline set forth in
            section 2414(a)(5).
                (2) The failure of the State to appoint a Select Committee
            on Redistricting under section 2414(b) prior to the expiration
            of the deadline set forth in section 2414(b)(4).
                (3) The failure of the Select Committee on Redistricting to
            approve any selection pool under section 2412 prior to the
            expiration of the deadline set forth for the approval of the
            second replacement selection pool in section 2412(d)(2).
                (4) The failure of the independent redistricting commission
            of the State to approve a final redistricting plan for the
            State prior to the expiration of the deadline set forth in
            section 2413(e).

    SEC. 2422. SPECIAL RULE FOR REDISTRICTING CONDUCTED UNDER ORDER OF
                  FEDERAL COURT.

        If a Federal court requires a State to conduct redistricting
    subsequent to an apportionment of Representatives in the State in order
    to comply with the Constitution or to enforce the Voting Rights Act of
    1965, section 2413 shall apply with respect to the redistricting,
    except that the court may revise any of the deadlines set forth in such
    section if the court determines that a revision is appropriate in order
    to provide for a timely enactment of a new redistricting plan for the
    State.

              PART 4--ADMINISTRATIVE AND MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS

    SEC. 2431. PAYMENTS TO STATES FOR CARRYING OUT REDISTRICTING.

        (a) Authorization of Payments.--Subject to subsection (d), not
    later than 30 days after a State receives a State apportionment notice,
    the Election Assistance Commission shall, subject to the availability
    of appropriations provided pursuant to subsection (e), make a payment
    to the State in an amount equal to the product of--
                (1) the number of Representatives to which the State is
            entitled, as provided under the notice; and
                (2) $150,000.
        (b) Use of Funds.--A State shall use the payment made under this
    section to establish and operate the State's independent redistricting
    commission, to implement the State redistricting plan, and to otherwise
    carry out congressional redistricting in the State.
        (c) No Payment to States With Single Member.--The Election
    Assistance Commission shall not make a payment under this section to
    any State which is not entitled to more than one Representative under
    its State apportionment notice.
        (d) Requiring Submission of Selection Pool as Condition of
    Payment.--
                (1) Requirement.--Except as provided in paragraph (2) and
            paragraph (3), the Election Assistance Commission may not make
            a payment to a State under this section until the State
            certifies to the Commission that the nonpartisan agency
            established or designated by a State under section 2414(a) has,
            in accordance with section 2412(b)(1), submitted a selection
            pool to the Select Committee on Redistricting for the State
            established under section 2414(b).
                (2) Exception for states with existing commissions.--In the
            case of a State which, pursuant to section 2401(c), is exempt
            from the requirements of section 2401(a), the Commission may
            not make a payment to the State under this section until the
            State certifies to the Commission that its redistricting
            commission meets the requirements of section 2401(c).
                (3) Exception for state of iowa.--In the case of the State
            of Iowa, the Commission may not make a payment to the State
            under this section until the State certifies to the Commission
            that it will carry out congressional redistricting pursuant to
            the State's apportionment notice in accordance with a plan
            developed by the Iowa Legislative Services Agency with the
            assistance of a Temporary Redistricting Advisory Commission, as
            provided under the law described in section 2401(d).
        (e) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be
    appropriated such sums as may be necessary for payments under this
    section.

    SEC. 2432. CIVIL ENFORCEMENT.

        (a) Civil Enforcement.--
                (1) Actions by attorney general.--The Attorney General may
            bring a civil action in an appropriate district court for such
            relief as may be appropriate to carry out this subtitle.
                (2) Availability of private right of action.--Any citizen
            of a State who is aggrieved by the failure of the State to meet
            the requirements of this subtitle may bring a civil action in
            the United States district court for the applicable venue for
            such relief as may be appropriate to remedy the failure. For
            purposes of this section, the ``applicable venue'' is the
            District of Columbia or the judicial district in which the
            capital of the State is located, as selected by the person who
            brings the civil action.
        (b) Expedited Consideration.--In any action brought forth under
    this section, the following rules shall apply:
                (1) The action shall be filed in the district court of the
            United States for the District of Columbia or for the judicial
            district in which the capital of the State is located, as
            selected by the person bringing the action.
                (2) The action shall be heard by a 3-judge court convened
            pursuant to section 2284 of title 28, United States Code.
                (3) The 3-judge court shall consolidate actions brought for
            relief under subsection (b)(1) with respect to the same State
            redistricting plan.
                (4) A copy of the complaint shall be delivered promptly to
            the Clerk of the House of Representatives and the Secretary of
            the Senate.
                (5) A final decision in the action shall be reviewable only
            by appeal directly to the Supreme Court of the United States.
            Such appeal shall be taken by the filing of a notice of appeal
            within 10 days, and the filing of a jurisdictional statement
            within 30 days, of the entry of the final decision.
                (6) It shall be the duty of the district court and the
            Supreme Court of the United States to advance on the docket and
            to expedite to the greatest possible extent the disposition of
            the action and appeal.
        (c) Remedies.--
                (1) Adoption of replacement plan.--
                        (A) In general.--If the district court in an action
                    under this section finds that the congressional
                    redistricting plan of a State violates, in whole or in
                    part, the requirements of this subtitle--
                                (i) the Court shall adopt a replacement
                            congressional redistricting plan for the State
                            in accordance with the process set forth in
                            section 2421; or
                                (ii) if circumstances warrant and no delay
                            to an upcoming regularly scheduled election for
                            the House of Representatives in the State would
                            result, the district court may allow a State to
                            develop and propose a remedial congressional
                            redistricting plan for consideration by the
                            court, and such remedial plan may be developed
                            by the State by adopting such appropriate
                            changes to the State's enacted plan as may be
                            ordered by the court.
                        (B) Special rule in case final adjudication not
                    expected within 3 months of election.--If final
                    adjudication of an action under this section is not
                    reasonably expected to be completed at least three
                    months prior to the next regularly scheduled election
                    for the House of Representatives in the State, the
                    district court shall, as the balance of equities
                    warrant--
                                (i) order development, adoption, and use of
                            an interim congressional redistricting plan in
                            accordance with section 2421(e) to address any
                            claims under this title for which a party
                            seeking relief has demonstrated a substantial
                            likelihood of success; or
                                (ii) order adjustments to the timing of
                            primary elections for the House of
                            Representatives, as needed, to allow sufficient
                            opportunity for adjudication of the matter and
                            adoption of a remedial or replacement plan for
                            use in the next regularly scheduled general
                            elections for the House of Representatives.
                (2) No injunctive relief permitted.--Any remedial or
            replacement congressional redistricting plan ordered under this
            subsection shall not be subject to temporary or preliminary
            injunctive relief from any court unless the record establishes
            that a writ of mandamus is warranted.
                (3) No stay pending appeal.--Notwithstanding the appeal of
            an order finding that a congressional redistricting plan of a
            State violates, in whole or in part, the requirements of this
            subtitle, no stay shall issue which shall bar the development
            or adoption of a replacement or remedial plan under this
            subsection, as may be directed by the district court, pending
            such appeal.
        (d) Attorney's Fees.--In a civil action under this section, the
    court may allow the prevailing party (other than the United States)
    reasonable attorney fees, including litigation expenses, and costs.
        (e) Relation to Other Laws.--
                (1) Rights and remedies additional to other rights and
            remedies.--The rights and remedies established by this section
            are in addition to all other rights and remedies provided by
            law, and neither the rights and remedies established by this
            section nor any other provision of this subtitle shall
            supersede, restrict, or limit the application of the Voting
            Rights Act of 1965 (52 U.S.C. 10301 et seq.).
                (2) Voting rights act of 1965.--Nothing in this subtitle
            authorizes or requires conduct that is prohibited by the Voting
            Rights Act of 1965 (52 U.S.C. 10301 et seq.).
        (f) Legislative Privilege.--No person, legislature, or State may
    claim legislative privilege under either State or Federal law in a
    civil action brought under this section or in any other legal
    challenge, under either State or Federal law, to a redistricting plan
    enacted under this subtitle.

    SEC. 2433. STATE APPORTIONMENT NOTICE DEFINED.

        In this subtitle, the ``State apportionment notice'' means, with
    respect to a State, the notice sent to the State from the Clerk of the
    House of Representatives under section 22(b) of the Act entitled ``An
    Act to provide for the fifteenth and subsequent decennial censuses and
    to provide for an apportionment of Representatives in Congress'',
    approved June 18, 1929 (2 U.S.C. 2a), of the number of Representatives
    to which the State is entitled.

    SEC. 2434. NO EFFECT ON ELECTIONS FOR STATE AND LOCAL OFFICE.

        Nothing in this subtitle or in any amendment made by this subtitle
    may be construed to affect the manner in which a State carries out
    elections for State or local office, including the process by which a
    State establishes the districts used in such elections.

    SEC. 2435. EFFECTIVE DATE.

        This subtitle and the amendments made by this subtitle shall apply
    with respect to redistricting carried out pursuant to the decennial
    census conducted during 2030 or any succeeding decennial census.

      PART 5--REQUIREMENTS FOR REDISTRICTING CARRIED OUT PURSUANT TO 2020
                                     CENSUS

       Subpart A--Application of Certain Requirements for Redistricting
                      Carried Out Pursuant to 2020 Census

    SEC. 2441. APPLICATION OF CERTAIN REQUIREMENTS FOR REDISTRICTING
                  CARRIED OUT PURSUANT TO 2020 CENSUS.

        Notwithstanding section 2435, parts 1, 3, and 4 of this subtitle
    and the amendments made by such parts shall apply with respect to
    congressional redistricting carried out pursuant to the decennial
    census conducted during 2020 in the same manner as such parts and the
    amendments made by such parts apply with respect to redistricting
    carried out pursuant to the decennial census conducted during 2030,
    except as follows:
                (1) Except as provided in subsection (c) and subsection (d)
            of section 2401, the redistricting shall be conducted in
            accordance with--
                        (A) the redistricting plan developed and enacted
                    into law by the independent redistricting commission
                    established in the State in accordance with subpart B;
                    or
                        (B) if a plan developed by such commission is not
                    enacted into law, the redistricting plan developed and
                    enacted into law by a 3-judge court in accordance with
                    section 2421.
                (2) If any of the triggering events described in section
            2442 occur with respect to the State, the United States
            district court for the applicable venue shall develop and
            publish the redistricting plan for the State, in accordance
            with section 2421, not later than December 15, 2021.
                (3) For purposes of section 2431(d)(1), the Election
            Assistance Commission may not make a payment to a State under
            such section until the State certifies to the Commission that
            the nonpartisan agency established or designated by a State
            under section 2454(a) has, in accordance with section
            2452(b)(1), submitted a selection pool to the Select Committee
            on Redistricting for the State established under section
            2454(b).

    SEC. 2442. TRIGGERING EVENTS.

        For purposes of the redistricting carried out pursuant to the
    decennial census conducted during 2020, the triggering events described
    in this section are as follows:
                (1) The failure of the State to establish or designate a
            nonpartisan agency under section 2454(a) prior to the
            expiration of the deadline under section 2454(a)(6).
                (2) The failure of the State to appoint a Select Committee
            on Redistricting under section 2454(b) prior to the expiration
            of the deadline under section 2454(b)(4).
                (3) The failure of the Select Committee on Redistricting to
            approve a selection pool under section 2452(b) prior to the
            expiration of the deadline under section 2452(b)(7).
                (4) The failure of the independent redistricting commission
            of the State to approve a final redistricting plan for the
            State under section 2453 prior to the expiration of the
            deadline under section 2453(e).

      Subpart B--Independent Redistricting Commissions for Redistricting
                      Carried Out Pursuant to 2020 Census

    SEC. 2451. USE OF INDEPENDENT REDISTRICTING COMMISSIONS FOR
                  REDISTRICTING CARRIED OUT PURSUANT TO 2020 CENSUS.

        (a) Appointment of Members.--
                (1) In general.--The nonpartisan agency established or
            designated by a State under section 2454(a) shall establish an
            independent redistricting commission under this part for the
            State, which shall consist of 15 members appointed by the
            agency as follows:
                        (A) Not later than August 5, 2021, the agency
                    shall, at a public meeting held not earlier than 15
                    days after notice of the meeting has been given to the
                    public, first appoint 6 members as follows:
                                (i) The agency shall appoint 2 members on a
                            random basis from the majority category of the
                            approved selection pool (as described in
                            section 2452(b)(1)(A)).
                                (ii) The agency shall appoint 2 members on
                            a random basis from the minority category of
                            the approved selection pool (as described in
                            section 2452(b)(1)(B)).
                                (iii) The agency shall appoint 2 members on
                            a random basis from the independent category of
                            the approved selection pool (as described in
                            section 2452(b)(1)(C)).
                        (B) Not later than August 15, 2021, the members
                    appointed by the agency under subparagraph (A) shall,
                    at a public meeting held not earlier than 15 days after
                    notice of the meeting has been given to the public,
                    then appoint 9 members as follows:
                                (i) The members shall appoint 3 members
                            from the majority category of the approved
                            selection pool (as described in section
                            2452(b)(1)(A)).
                                (ii) The members shall appoint 3 members
                            from the minority category of the approved
                            selection pool (as described in section
                            2452(b)(1)(B)).
                                (iii) The members shall appoint 3 members
                            from the independent category of the approved
                            selection pool (as described in section
                            2452(b)(1)(C)).
                (2) Rules for appointment of members appointed by first
            members.--
                        (A) Affirmative vote of at least 4 members.--The
                    appointment of any of the 9 members of the independent
                    redistricting commission who are appointed by the first
                    members of the commission pursuant to subparagraph (B)
                    of paragraph (1) shall require the affirmative vote of
                    at least 4 of the members appointed by the nonpartisan
                    agency under subparagraph (A) of paragraph (1),
                    including at least one member from each of the
                    categories referred to in such subparagraph.
                        (B) Ensuring diversity.--In appointing the 9
                    members pursuant to subparagraph (B) of paragraph (1),
                    the first members of the independent redistricting
                    commission shall ensure that the membership is
                    representative of the demographic groups (including
                    racial, ethnic, economic, and gender) and geographic
                    regions of the State, and provides racial, ethnic, and
                    language minorities protected under the Voting Rights
                    Act of 1965 with a meaningful opportunity to
                    participate in the development of the State's
                    redistricting plan.
                (3) Removal.--A member of the independent redistricting
            commission may be removed by a majority vote of the remaining
            members of the commission if it is shown by a preponderance of
            the evidence that the member is not eligible to serve on the
            commission under section 2452(a).
        (b) Procedures for Conducting Commission Business.--
                (1) Requiring majority approval for actions.--The
            independent redistricting commission of a State under this part
            may not publish and disseminate any draft or final
            redistricting plan, or take any other action, without the
            approval of at least--
                        (A) a majority of the whole membership of the
                    commission; and
                        (B) at least one member of the commission appointed
                    from each of the categories of the approved selection
                    pool described in section 2452(b)(1).
                (2) Quorum.--A majority of the members of the commission
            shall constitute a quorum.
        (c) Staff; Contractors.--
                (1) Staff.--Under a public application process in which all
            application materials are available for public inspection, the
            independent redistricting commission of a State under this part
            shall appoint and set the pay of technical experts, legal
            counsel, consultants, and such other staff as it considers
            appropriate, subject to State law.
                (2) Contractors.--The independent redistricting commission
            of a State may enter into such contracts with vendors as it
            considers appropriate, subject to State law, except that any
            such contract shall be valid only if approved by the vote of a
            majority of the members of the commission, including at least
            one member appointed from each of the categories of the
            approved selection pool described in section 2452(b)(1).
                (3) Goal of impartiality.--The commission shall take such
            steps as it considers appropriate to ensure that any staff
            appointed under this subsection, and any vendor with whom the
            commission enters into a contract under this subsection, will
            work in an impartial manner.
        (d) Preservation of Records.--The State shall ensure that the
    records of the independent redistricting commission are retained in the
    appropriate State archive in such manner as may be necessary to enable
    the State to respond to any civil action brought with respect to
    congressional redistricting in the State.

    SEC. 2452. ESTABLISHMENT OF SELECTION POOL OF INDIVIDUALS ELIGIBLE TO
                  SERVE AS MEMBERS OF COMMISSION.

        (a) Criteria for Eligibility.--
                (1) In general.--An individual is eligible to serve as a
            member of an independent redistricting commission under this
            part if the individual meets each of the following criteria:
                        (A) As of the date of appointment, the individual
                    is registered to vote in elections for Federal office
                    held in the State.
                        (B) During the 3-year period ending on the date of
                    the individual's appointment, the individual has been
                    continuously registered to vote with the same political
                    party, or has not been registered to vote with any
                    political party.
                        (C) The individual submits to the nonpartisan
                    agency established or designated by a State under
                    section 2453, at such time and in such form as the
                    agency may require, an application for inclusion in the
                    selection pool under this section, and includes with
                    the application a written statement, with an
                    attestation under penalty of perjury, containing the
                    following information and assurances:
                                (i) The full current name and any former
                            names of, and the contact information for, the
                            individual, including an electronic mail
                            address, the address of the individual's
                            residence, mailing address, and telephone
                            numbers.
                                (ii) The individual's race, ethnicity,
                            gender, age, date of birth, and household
                            income for the most recent taxable year.
                                (iii) The political party with which the
                            individual is affiliated, if any.
                                (iv) The reason or reasons the individual
                            desires to serve on the independent
                            redistricting commission, the individual's
                            qualifications, and information relevant to the
                            ability of the individual to be fair and
                            impartial, including, but not limited to--
                                        (I) any involvement with, or
                                    financial support of, professional,
                                    social, political, religious, or
                                    community organizations or causes;
                                        (II) the individual's employment
                                    and educational history.
                                (v) An assurance that the individual shall
                            commit to carrying out the individual's duties
                            under this subtitle in an honest, independent,
                            and impartial fashion, and to upholding public
                            confidence in the integrity of the
                            redistricting process.
                                (vi) An assurance that, during such covered
                            period as the State may establish with respect
                            to any of the subparagraphs of paragraph (2),
                            the individual has not taken and will not take
                            any action which would disqualify the
                            individual from serving as a member of the
                            commission under such paragraph.
                (2) Disqualifications.--An individual is not eligible to
            serve as a member of the commission if any of the following
            applies with respect to such covered period as the State may
            establish:
                        (A) The individual or an immediate family member of
                    the individual holds public office or is a candidate
                    for election for public office.
                        (B) The individual or an immediate family member of
                    the individual serves as an officer of a political
                    party or as an officer, employee, or paid consultant of
                    a campaign committee of a candidate for public office
                    or of any political action committee (as determined in
                    accordance with the law of the State).
                        (C) The individual or an immediate family member of
                    the individual holds a position as a registered
                    lobbyist under the Lobbying Disclosure Act of 1995 (2
                    U.S.C. 1601 et seq.) or an equivalent State or local
                    law.
                        (D) The individual or an immediate family member of
                    the individual is an employee of an elected public
                    official, a contractor with the government of the
                    State, or a donor to the campaign of any candidate for
                    public office or to any political action committee
                    (other than a donor who, during any of such covered
                    periods, gives an aggregate amount of $1,000 or less to
                    the campaigns of all candidates for all public offices
                    and to all political action committees).
                        (E) The individual paid a civil money penalty or
                    criminal fine, or was sentenced to a term of
                    imprisonment, for violating any provision of the
                    Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30101
                    et seq.).
                        (F) The individual or an immediate family member of
                    the individual is an agent of a foreign principal under
                    the Foreign Agents Registration Act of 1938, as amended
                    (22 U.S.C. 611 et seq.).
                (3) Immediate family member defined.--In this subsection,
            the term ``immediate family member'' means, with respect to an
            individual, a father, stepfather, mother, stepmother, son,
            stepson, daughter, stepdaughter, brother, stepbrother, sister,
            stepsister, husband, wife, father-in-law, or mother-in-law.
        (b) Development and Submission of Selection Pool.--
                (1) In general.--Not later than July 15, 2021, the
            nonpartisan agency established or designated by a State under
            section 2454(a) shall develop and submit to the Select
            Committee on Redistricting for the State established under
            section 2454(b) a selection pool of 36 individuals who are
            eligible to serve as members of the independent redistricting
            commission of the State under this part, consisting of
            individuals in the following categories:
                        (A) A majority category, consisting of 12
                    individuals who are affiliated with the political party
                    whose candidate received the most votes in the most
                    recent Statewide election for Federal office held in
                    the State.
                        (B) A minority category, consisting of 12
                    individuals who are affiliated with the political party
                    whose candidate received the second most votes in the
                    most recent Statewide election for Federal office held
                    in the State.
                        (C) An independent category, consisting of 12
                    individuals who are not affiliated with either of the
                    political parties described in subparagraph (A) or
                    subparagraph (B).
                (2) Factors taken into account in developing pool.--In
            selecting individuals for the selection pool under this
            subsection, the nonpartisan agency shall--
                        (A) ensure that the pool is representative of the
                    demographic groups (including racial, ethnic, economic,
                    and gender) and geographic regions of the State, and
                    includes applicants who would allow racial, ethnic, and
                    language minorities protected under the Voting Rights
                    Act of 1965 a meaningful opportunity to participate in
                    the development of the State's redistricting plan; and
                        (B) take into consideration the analytical skills
                    of the individuals selected in relevant fields
                    (including mapping, data management, law, community
                    outreach, demography, and the geography of the State)
                    and their ability to work on an impartial basis.
                (3) Determination of political party affiliation of
            individuals in selection pool.--For purposes of this section,
            an individual shall be considered to be affiliated with a
            political party only if the nonpartisan agency is able to
            verify (to the greatest extent possible) the information the
            individual provides in the application submitted under
            subsection (a)(1)(C), including by considering additional
            information provided by other persons with knowledge of the
            individual's history of political activity.
                (4) Encouraging residents to apply for inclusion in pool.--
            The nonpartisan agency shall take such steps as may be
            necessary to ensure that residents of the State across various
            geographic regions and demographic groups are aware of the
            opportunity to serve on the independent redistricting
            commission, including publicizing the role of the panel and
            using newspapers, broadcast media, and online sources,
            including ethnic media, to encourage individuals to apply for
            inclusion in the selection pool developed under this
            subsection.
                (5) Report on establishment of selection pool.--At the time
            the nonpartisan agency submits the selection pool to the Select
            Committee on Redistricting under paragraph (1), it shall
            publish a report describing the process by which the pool was
            developed, and shall include in the report a description of how
            the individuals in the pool meet the eligibility criteria of
            subsection (a) and of how the pool reflects the factors the
            agency is required to take into consideration under paragraph
            (2).
                (6) Public comment on selection pool.--During the 14-day
            period which begins on the date the nonpartisan agency
            publishes the report under paragraph (5), the agency shall
            accept comments from the public on the individuals included in
            the selection pool. The agency shall transmit all such comments
            to the Select Committee on Redistricting immediately upon the
            expiration of such period.
                (7) Action by select committee.--
                        (A) In general.--Not later than August 1, 2021, the
                    Select Committee on Redistricting shall--
                                (i) approve the pool as submitted by the
                            nonpartisan agency, in which case the pool
                            shall be considered the approved selection pool
                            for purposes of section 2451(a)(1); or
                                (ii) reject the pool, in which case the
                            redistricting plan for the State shall be
                            developed and enacted in accordance with part
                            3.
                        (B) Inaction deemed rejection.--If the Select
                    Committee on Redistricting fails to approve or reject
                    the pool within the deadline set forth in subparagraph
                    (A), the Select Committee shall be deemed to have
                    rejected the pool for purposes of such subparagraph.

    SEC. 2453. CRITERIA FOR REDISTRICTING PLAN; PUBLIC NOTICE AND INPUT.

        (a) Public Notice and Input.--
                (1) Use of open and transparent process.--The independent
            redistricting commission of a State under this part shall hold
            each of its meetings in public, shall solicit and take into
            consideration comments from the public, including proposed
            maps, throughout the process of developing the redistricting
            plan for the State, and shall carry out its duties in an open
            and transparent manner which provides for the widest public
            dissemination reasonably possible of its proposed and final
            redistricting plans.
                (2) Public comment period.--The commission shall solicit,
            accept, and consider comments from the public with respect to
            its duties, activities, and procedures at any time until 7 days
            before the date of the meeting at which the commission shall
            vote on approving the final redistricting plan for enactment
            into law under subsection (c)(2).
                (3) Meetings and hearings in various geographic
            locations.--To the greatest extent practicable, the commission
            shall hold its meetings and hearings in various geographic
            regions and locations throughout the State.
                (4) Multiple language requirements for all notices.--The
            commission shall make each notice which is required to be
            published under this section available in any language in which
            the State (or any jurisdiction in the State) is required to
            provide election materials under section 203 of the Voting
            Rights Act of 1965.
        (b) Development and Publication of Preliminary Redistricting
    Plan.--
                (1) In general.--Prior to developing and publishing a final
            redistricting plan under subsection (c), the independent
            redistricting commission of a State under this part shall
            develop and publish a preliminary redistricting plan.
                (2) Minimum public hearings and opportunity for comment
            prior to development.--
                        (A) 2 hearings required.--Prior to developing a
                    preliminary redistricting plan under this subsection,
                    the commission shall hold not fewer than 2 public
                    hearings at which members of the public may provide
                    input and comments regarding the potential contents of
                    redistricting plans for the State and the process by
                    which the commission will develop the preliminary plan
                    under this subsection.
                        (B) Notice prior to hearings.--The commission shall
                    provide for the publication of notices of each hearing
                    held under this paragraph, including in newspapers of
                    general circulation throughout the State. Each such
                    notice shall specify the date, time, and location of
                    the hearing.
                        (C) Submission of plans and maps by members of the
                    public.--Any member of the public may submit maps or
                    portions of maps for consideration by the commission.
                (3) Publication of preliminary plan.--The commission shall
            provide for the publication of the preliminary redistricting
            plan developed under this subsection, including in newspapers
            of general circulation throughout the State, and shall make
            publicly available a report that includes the commission's
            responses to any public comments received under this
            subsection.
                (4) Public comment after publication.--The commission shall
            accept and consider comments from the public with respect to
            the preliminary redistricting plan published under paragraph
            (3), including proposed revisions to maps, until 14 days before
            the date of the meeting under subsection (c)(2) at which the
            members of the commission shall vote on approving the final
            redistricting plan for enactment into law.
                (5) Post-publication hearings.--
                        (A) 2 hearings required.--After publishing the
                    preliminary redistricting plan under paragraph (3), and
                    not later than 14 days before the date of the meeting
                    under subsection (c)(2) at which the members of the
                    commission shall vote on approving the final
                    redistricting plan for enactment into law, the
                    commission shall hold not fewer than 2 public hearings
                    in different geographic areas of the State at which
                    members of the public may provide input and comments
                    regarding the preliminary plan.
                        (B) Notice prior to hearings.--The commission shall
                    provide for the publication of notices of each hearing
                    held under this paragraph, including in newspapers of
                    general circulation throughout the State. Each such
                    notice shall specify the date, time, and location of
                    the hearing.
                (6) Permitting multiple preliminary plans.--At the option
            of the commission, after developing and publishing the
            preliminary redistricting plan under this subsection, the
            commission may develop and publish subsequent preliminary
            redistricting plans, so long as the process for the development
            and publication of each such subsequent plan meets the
            requirements set forth in this subsection for the development
            and publication of the first preliminary redistricting plan.
        (c) Process for Enactment of Final Redistricting Plan.--
                (1) In general.--After taking into consideration comments
            from the public on any preliminary redistricting plan developed
            and published under subsection (b), the independent
            redistricting commission of a State under this part shall
            develop and publish a final redistricting plan for the State.
                (2) Meeting; final vote.--Not later than the deadline
            specified in subsection (e), the commission shall hold a public
            hearing at which the members of the commission shall vote on
            approving the final plan for enactment into law.
                (3) Publication of plan and accompanying materials.--Not
            fewer than 14 days before the date of the meeting under
            paragraph (2), the commission shall make the following
            information to the public, including through newspapers of
            general circulation throughout the State:
                        (A) The final redistricting plan, including all
                    relevant maps.
                        (B) A report by the commission to accompany the
                    plan which provides the background for the plan and the
                    commission's reasons for selecting the plan as the
                    final redistricting plan, including responses to the
                    public comments received on any preliminary
                    redistricting plan developed and published under
                    subsection (b).
                        (C) Any dissenting or additional views with respect
                    to the plan of individual members of the commission.
                (4) Enactment.--The final redistricting plan developed and
            published under this subsection shall be deemed to be enacted
            into law upon the expiration of the 45-day period which begins
            on the date on which--
                        (A) such final plan is approved by a majority of
                    the whole membership of the commission; and
                        (B) at least one member of the commission appointed
                    from each of the categories of the approved selection
                    pool described in section 2452(b)(1) approves such
                    final plan.
        (d) Written Evaluation of Plan Against External Metrics.--The
    independent redistricting commission of a State under this part shall
    include with each redistricting plan developed and published under this
    section a written evaluation that measures each such plan against
    external metrics which cover the criteria set forth section 2403(a),
    including the impact of the plan on the ability of communities of color
    to elect candidates of choice, measures of partisan fairness using
    multiple accepted methodologies, and the degree to which the plan
    preserves or divides communities of interest.
        (e) Deadline.--The independent redistricting commission of a State
    under this part shall approve a final redistricting plan for the State
    not later than November 15, 2021.

    SEC. 2454. ESTABLISHMENT OF RELATED ENTITIES.

        (a) Establishment or Designation of Nonpartisan Agency of State
    Legislature.--
                (1) In general.--Each State shall establish a nonpartisan
            agency in the legislative branch of the State government to
            appoint the members of the independent redistricting commission
            for the State under this part in accordance with section 2451.
                (2) Nonpartisanship described.--For purposes of this
            subsection, an agency shall be considered to be nonpartisan if
            under law the agency--
                        (A) is required to provide services on a
                    nonpartisan basis;
                        (B) is required to maintain impartiality; and
                        (C) is prohibited from advocating for the adoption
                    or rejection of any legislative proposal.
                (3) Designation of existing agency.--At its option, a State
            may designate an existing agency in the legislative branch of
            its government to appoint the members of the independent
            redistricting commission plan for the State under this
            subtitle, so long as the agency meets the requirements for
            nonpartisanship under this subsection.
                (4) Termination of agency specifically established for
            redistricting.--If a State does not designate an existing
            agency under paragraph (3) but instead establishes a new agency
            to serve as the nonpartisan agency under this section, the new
            agency shall terminate upon the enactment into law of the
            redistricting plan for the State.
                (5) Preservation of records.--The State shall ensure that
            the records of the nonpartisan agency are retained in the
            appropriate State archive in such manner as may be necessary to
            enable the State to respond to any civil action brought with
            respect to congressional redistricting in the State.
                (6) Deadline.--The State shall meet the requirements of
            this subsection not later than June 1, 2021.
        (b) Establishment of Select Committee on Redistricting.--
                (1) In general.--Each State shall appoint a Select
            Committee on Redistricting to approve or disapprove a selection
            pool developed by the independent redistricting commission for
            the State under this part under section 2452.
                (2) Appointment.--The Select Committee on Redistricting for
            a State under this subsection shall consist of the following
            members:
                        (A) One member of the upper house of the State
                    legislature, who shall be appointed by the leader of
                    the party with the greatest number of seats in the
                    upper house.
                        (B) One member of the upper house of the State
                    legislature, who shall be appointed by the leader of
                    the party with the second greatest number of seats in
                    the upper house.
                        (C) One member of the lower house of the State
                    legislature, who shall be appointed by the leader of
                    the party with the greatest number of seats in the
                    lower house.
                        (D) One member of the lower house of the State
                    legislature, who shall be appointed by the leader of
                    the party with the second greatest number of seats in
                    the lower house.
                (3) Special rule for states with unicameral legislature.--
            In the case of a State with a unicameral legislature, the
            Select Committee on Redistricting for the State under this
            subsection shall consist of the following members:
                        (A) Two members of the State legislature appointed
                    by the chair of the political party of the State whose
                    candidate received the highest percentage of votes in
                    the most recent Statewide election for Federal office
                    held in the State.
                        (B) Two members of the State legislature appointed
                    by the chair of the political party whose candidate
                    received the second highest percentage of votes in the
                    most recent Statewide election for Federal office held
                    in the State.
                (4) Deadline.--The State shall meet the requirements of
            this subsection not later than June 15, 2021.
                (5) Rule of construction.--Nothing in this subsection may
            be construed to prohibit the leader of any political party in a
            legislature from appointment to the Select Committee on
            Redistricting.

    SEC. 2455. REPORT ON DIVERSITY OF MEMBERSHIPS OF INDEPENDENT
                  REDISTRICTING COMMISSIONS.

        Not later than November 15, 2021, the Comptroller General of the
    United States shall submit to Congress a report on the extent to which
    the memberships of independent redistricting commissions for States
    established under this part with respect to the immediately preceding
    year ending in the numeral zero meet the diversity requirements as
    provided for in sections 2451(a)(2)(B) and 2452(b)(2).

             Subtitle F--Saving Eligible Voters From Voter Purging

    SEC. 2501. SHORT TITLE.

        This subtitle may be cited as the ``Stop Automatically Voiding
    Eligible Voters Off Their Enlisted Rolls in States Act'' or the ``SAVE
    VOTERS Act''.

    SEC. 2502. CONDITIONS FOR REMOVAL OF VOTERS FROM LIST OF REGISTERED
                  VOTERS.

        (a) Conditions Described.--The National Voter Registration Act of
    1993 (52 U.S.C. 20501 et seq.) is amended by inserting after section 8
    the following new section:

    ``SEC. 8A. CONDITIONS FOR REMOVAL OF VOTERS FROM OFFICIAL LIST OF
                  REGISTERED VOTERS.

        ``(a) Verification on Basis of Objective and Reliable Evidence of
    Ineligibility.--
                ``(1) Requiring verification.--Notwithstanding any other
            provision of this Act, a State may not remove the name of any
            registrant from the official list of voters eligible to vote in
            elections for Federal office in the State unless the State
            verifies, on the basis of objective and reliable evidence, that
            the registrant is ineligible to vote in such elections.
                ``(2) Factors not considered as objective and reliable
            evidence of ineligibility.--For purposes of paragraph (1), the
            following factors, or any combination thereof, shall not be
            treated as objective and reliable evidence of a registrant's
            ineligibility to vote:
                        ``(A) The failure of the registrant to vote in any
                    election.
                        ``(B) The failure of the registrant to respond to
                    any notice sent under section 8(d), unless the notice
                    has been returned as undeliverable.
                        ``(C) The failure of the registrant to take any
                    other action with respect to voting in any election or
                    with respect to the registrant's status as a
                    registrant.
        ``(b) Notice After Removal.--
                ``(1) Notice to individual removed.--
                        ``(A) In general.--Not later than 48 hours after a
                    State removes the name of a registrant from the
                    official list of eligible voters for any reason (other
                    than the death of the registrant), the State shall send
                    notice of the removal to the former registrant, and
                    shall include in the notice the grounds for the removal
                    and information on how the former registrant may
                    contest the removal or be reinstated, including a
                    telephone number for the appropriate election official.
                        ``(B) Exceptions.--Subparagraph (A) does not apply
                    in the case of a registrant--
                                ``(i) who sends written confirmation to the
                            State that the registrant is no longer eligible
                            to vote in the registrar's jurisdiction in
                            which the registrant was registered; or
                                ``(ii) who is removed from the official
                            list of eligible voters by reason of the death
                            of the registrant.
                ``(2) Public notice.--Not later than 48 hours after
            conducting any general program to remove the names of
            ineligible voters from the official list of eligible voters (as
            described in section 8(a)(4)), the State shall disseminate a
            public notice through such methods as may be reasonable to
            reach the general public (including by publishing the notice in
            a newspaper of wide circulation or posting the notice on the
            websites of the appropriate election officials) that list
            maintenance is taking place and that registrants should check
            their registration status to ensure no errors or mistakes have
            been made. The State shall ensure that the public notice
            disseminated under this paragraph is in a format that is
            reasonably convenient and accessible to voters with
            disabilities, including voters who have low vision or are
            blind.''.
        (b) Conditions for Transmission of Notices of Removal.--Section
    8(d) of such Act (52 U.S.C. 20507(d)) is amended by adding at the end
    the following new paragraph:
                ``(4) A State may not transmit a notice to a registrant
            under this subsection unless the State obtains objective and
            reliable evidence (in accordance with the standards for such
            evidence which are described in section 8A(a)(2)) that the
            registrant has changed residence to a place outside the
            registrar's jurisdiction in which the registrant is
            registered.''.
        (c) Conforming Amendments.--
                (1) National voter registration act of 1993.--Section 8(a)
            of such Act (52 U.S.C. 20507(a)) is amended--
                        (A) in paragraph (3), by striking ``provide'' and
                    inserting ``subject to section 8A, provide''; and
                        (B) in paragraph (4), by striking ``conduct'' and
                    inserting ``subject to section 8A, conduct''.
                (2) Help america vote act of 2002.--Section 303(a)(4)(A) of
            the Help America Vote Act of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 21083(a)(4)(A)) is
            amended by striking ``, registrants'' and inserting ``, and
            subject to section 8A of such Act, registrants''.
        (d) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall take
    effect on the date of the enactment of this Act.

        Subtitle G--No Effect on Authority of States To Provide Greater
                            Opportunities for Voting

    SEC. 2601. NO EFFECT ON AUTHORITY OF STATES TO PROVIDE GREATER
                  OPPORTUNITIES FOR VOTING.

        Nothing in this title or the amendments made by this title may be
    construed to prohibit any State from enacting any law which provides
    greater opportunities for individuals to register to vote and to vote
    in elections for Federal office than are provided by this title and the
    amendments made by this title.

               Subtitle H--Residence of Incarcerated Individuals

    SEC. 2701. RESIDENCE OF INCARCERATED INDIVIDUALS.

        Section 141 of title 13, United States Code, is amended--
                (1) by redesignating subsection (g) as subsection (h); and
                (2) by inserting after subsection (f) the following:
        ``(g)(1) Effective beginning with the 2020 decennial census of
    population, in taking any tabulation of total population by States
    under subsection (a) for purposes of the apportionment of
    Representatives in Congress among the several States, the Secretary
    shall, with respect to an individual incarcerated in a State, Federal,
    county, or municipal correctional center as of the date on which such
    census is taken, attribute such individual to such individual's last
    place of residence before incarceration.
        ``(2) In carrying out this subsection, the Secretary shall consult
    with each State department of corrections to collect the information
    necessary to make the determination required under paragraph (1).''.

                 Subtitle I--Findings Relating to Youth Voting

    SEC. 2801. FINDINGS RELATING TO YOUTH VOTING.

        Congress finds the following:
                (1) The right to vote is a fundamental right of citizens of
            the United States.
                (2) The twenty-sixth amendment of the United States
            Constitution guarantees that ``The right of citizens of the
            United States, who are eighteen years of age or older, to vote
            shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any
            State on account of age.''.
                (3) The twenty-sixth amendment of the United States
            Constitution grants Congress the power to enforce the amendment
            by appropriate legislation.
                (4) The language of the twenty-sixth amendment closely
            mirrors that of the fifteenth amendment and the nineteenth
            amendment. Like those amendments, the twenty-sixth amendment
            not only prohibits denial of the right to vote but also
            prohibits any actions that abridge the right to vote.
                (5) Youth voter suppression undercuts participation in our
            democracy by introducing arduous obstacles to new voters and
            discouraging a culture of democratic engagement.
                (6) Voting is habit forming, and allowing youth voters
            unobstructed access to voting ensures that more Americans will
            start a life-long habit of voting as soon as possible.
                (7) Youth voter suppression is a clear, persistent, and
            growing problem. The actions of States and political
            subdivisions resulting in at least four findings of twenty-
            sixth amendment violations as well as pending litigation
            demonstrate the need for Congress to take action to enforce the
            twenty-sixth amendment.
                (8) In League of Women Voters of Florida, Inc. v. Detzner
            (2018), the United States District Court in the Northern
            District of Florida found that the Secretary of State's actions
            that prevented in-person early voting sites from being located
            on university property revealed a stark pattern of
            discrimination that was unexplainable on grounds other than age
            and thus violated university students' twenty-sixth Amendment
            rights.
                (9) In 2019, Michigan agreed to a settlement to enhance
            college-age voters' access after a twenty-sixth amendment
            challenge was filed in federal court. The challenge prompted
            the removal of a Michigan voting law which required first time
            voters who registered by mail or through a third-party voter
            registration drive to vote in person for the first time, as
            well as the removal of another law which required the address
            listed on a voter's driver license to match the address listed
            on their voter registration card.
                (10) Youth voter suppression tactics are often linked to
            other tactics aimed at minority voters. For example, students
            at Prairie View A&M University (PVAMU), a historically black
            university in Texas, have been the targets of voter suppression
            tactics for decades. Before the 2018 election, PVAMU students
            sued Waller County on the basis of both racial and age
            discrimination over the County's failure to ensure equal early
            voting opportunities for students, spurring the County to
            reverse course and expand early voting access for students.
                (11) The more than 25 million United States citizens ages
            18-24 deserve equal opportunity to participate in the electoral
            process as guaranteed by the twenty-sixth amendment.

                            Subtitle J--Severability

    SEC. 2901. SEVERABILITY.

        If any provision of this title or amendment made by this title, or
    the application of a provision or amendment to any person or
    circumstance, is held to be unconstitutional, the remainder of this
    title and amendments made by this title, and the application of the
    provisions and amendment to any person or circumstance, shall not be
    affected by the holding.

                          TITLE III--ELECTION SECURITY

    Sec. 3000. Short title; sense of Congress.
           Subtitle A--Financial Support for Election Infrastructure

               Part 1--Voting System Security Improvement Grants

    Sec. 3001. Grants for obtaining compliant paper ballot voting systems
                                and carrying out voting system security
                                improvements.
    Sec. 3002. Coordination of voting system security activities with use
                                of requirements payments and election
                                administration requirements under Help
                                America Vote Act of 2002.
    Sec. 3003. Incorporation of definitions.
        Part 2--Grants for Risk-Limiting Audits of Results of Elections

    Sec. 3011. Grants to States for conducting risk-limiting audits of
                                results of elections.
    Sec. 3012. GAO analysis of effects of audits.
            Part 3--Election Infrastructure Innovation Grant Program

    Sec. 3021. Election infrastructure innovation grant program.
                         Subtitle B--Security Measures

    Sec. 3101. Election infrastructure designation.
    Sec. 3102. Timely threat information.
    Sec. 3103. Security clearance assistance for election officials.
    Sec. 3104. Security risk and vulnerability assessments.
    Sec. 3105. Annual reports.
    Sec. 3106. Pre-election threat assessments.
        Subtitle C--Enhancing Protections for United States Democratic
                                  Institutions

    Sec. 3201. National strategy to protect United States democratic
                                institutions.
    Sec. 3202. National Commission to Protect United States Democratic
                                Institutions.
     Subtitle D--Promoting Cybersecurity Through Improvements in Election
                                 Administration

    Sec. 3301. Testing of existing voting systems to ensure compliance with
                                election cybersecurity guidelines and other
                                guidelines.
    Sec. 3302. Treatment of electronic poll books as part of voting
                                systems.
    Sec. 3303. Pre-election reports on voting system usage.
    Sec. 3304. Streamlining collection of election information.
    Sec. 3305. Exemption of cybersecurity assistance from limitations on
                                amount of coordinated political party
                                expenditures.
                    Subtitle E--Preventing Election Hacking

    Sec. 3401. Short title.
    Sec. 3402. Election Security Bug Bounty Program.
            Subtitle F--Election Security Grants Advisory Committee

    Sec. 3501. Establishment of advisory committee.
                      Subtitle G--Miscellaneous Provisions

    Sec. 3601. Definitions.
    Sec. 3602. Initial report on adequacy of resources available for
                                implementation.
      Subtitle H--Use of Voting Machines Manufactured in the United States

    Sec. 3701. Use of voting machines manufactured in the United States.
                      Subtitle I--Study and Report on Bots

    Sec. 3801. Short title.
    Sec. 3802. Task Force.
    Sec. 3803. Study and Report.
                            Subtitle J--Severability

    Sec. 3901. Severability.

    SEC. 3000. SHORT TITLE; SENSE OF CONGRESS.

        (a) Short Title.--This title may be cited as the ``Election
    Security Act''.
        (b) Sense of Congress on Need To Improve Election Infrastructure
    Security.--It is the sense of Congress that, in light of the lessons
    learned from Russian interference in the 2016 Presidential election,
    the Federal Government should intensify its efforts to improve the
    security of election infrastructure in the United States, including
    through the use of individual, durable, paper ballots marked by the
    voter by hand.

           Subtitle A--Financial Support for Election Infrastructure

               PART 1--VOTING SYSTEM SECURITY IMPROVEMENT GRANTS

    SEC. 3001. GRANTS FOR OBTAINING COMPLIANT PAPER BALLOT VOTING SYSTEMS
                  AND CARRYING OUT VOTING SYSTEM SECURITY IMPROVEMENTS.

        (a) Availability of Grants.--Subtitle D of title II of the Help
    America Vote Act of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 21001 et seq.), as amended by
    section 1622(b), is amended by adding at the end the following new
    part:

     ``PART 8--GRANTS FOR OBTAINING COMPLIANT PAPER BALLOT VOTING SYSTEMS
              AND CARRYING OUT VOTING SYSTEM SECURITY IMPROVEMENTS

    ``SEC. 298. GRANTS FOR OBTAINING COMPLIANT PAPER BALLOT VOTING SYSTEMS
                  AND CARRYING OUT VOTING SYSTEM SECURITY IMPROVEMENTS.

        ``(a) Availability and Use of Grant.--The Commission shall make a
    grant to each eligible State--
                ``(1) to replace a voting system--
                        ``(A) which does not meet the requirements which
                    are first imposed on the State pursuant to the
                    amendments made by the Voter Confidence and Increased
                    Accessibility Act of 2021 with a voting system which
                    does meet such requirements, for use in the regularly
                    scheduled general elections for Federal office held in
                    November 2022; or
                        ``(B) which does meet such requirements but which
                    is not in compliance with the most recent voluntary
                    voting system guidelines issued by the Commission prior
                    to the regularly scheduled general election for Federal
                    office held in November 2022 with another system which
                    does meet such requirements and is in compliance with
                    such guidelines;
                ``(2) to carry out voting system security improvements
            described in section 298A with respect to the regularly
            scheduled general elections for Federal office held in November
            2022 and each succeeding election for Federal office; and
                ``(3) to implement and model best practices for ballot
            design, ballot instructions, and the testing of ballots.
        ``(b) Amount of Grant.--The amount of a grant made to a State under
    this section shall be such amount as the Commission determines to be
    appropriate, except that such amount may not be less than the product
    of $1 and the average of the number of individuals who cast votes in
    any of the two most recent regularly scheduled general elections for
    Federal office held in the State.
        ``(c) Pro Rata Reductions.--If the amount of funds appropriated for
    grants under this part is insufficient to ensure that each State
    receives the amount of the grant calculated under subsection (b), the
    Commission shall make such pro rata reductions in such amounts as may
    be necessary to ensure that the entire amount appropriated under this
    part is distributed to the States.
        ``(d) Surplus Appropriations.--If the amount of funds appropriated
    for grants authorized under section 298D(a)(2) exceed the amount
    necessary to meet the requirements of subsection (b), the Commission
    shall consider the following in making a determination to award
    remaining funds to a State:
                ``(1) The record of the State in carrying out the following
            with respect to the administration of elections for Federal
            office:
                        ``(A) Providing voting machines that are less than
                    10 years old.
                        ``(B) Implementing strong chain of custody
                    procedures for the physical security of voting
                    equipment and paper records at all stages of the
                    process.
                        ``(C) Conducting pre-election testing on every
                    voting machine and ensuring that paper ballots are
                    available wherever electronic machines are used.
                        ``(D) Maintaining offline backups of voter
                    registration lists.
                        ``(E) Providing a secure voter registration
                    database that logs requests submitted to the database.
                        ``(F) Publishing and enforcing a policy detailing
                    use limitations and security safeguards to protect the
                    personal information of voters in the voter
                    registration process.
                        ``(G) Providing secure processes and procedures for
                    reporting vote tallies.
                        ``(H) Providing a secure platform for disseminating
                    vote totals.
                ``(2) Evidence of established conditions of innovation and
            reform in providing voting system security and the proposed
            plan of the State for implementing additional conditions.
                ``(3) Evidence of collaboration between relevant
            stakeholders, including local election officials, in developing
            the grant implementation plan described in section 298B.
                ``(4) The plan of the State to conduct a rigorous
            evaluation of the effectiveness of the activities carried out
            with the grant.
        ``(e) Ability of Replacement Systems To Administer Ranked Choice
    Elections.--To the greatest extent practicable, an eligible State which
    receives a grant to replace a voting system under this section shall
    ensure that the replacement system is capable of administering a system
    of ranked choice voting under which each voter shall rank the
    candidates for the office in the order of the voter's preference.

    ``SEC. 298A. VOTING SYSTEM SECURITY IMPROVEMENTS DESCRIBED.

        ``(a) Permitted Uses.--A voting system security improvement
    described in this section is any of the following:
                ``(1) The acquisition of goods and services from qualified
            election infrastructure vendors by purchase, lease, or such
            other arrangements as may be appropriate.
                ``(2) Cyber and risk mitigation training.
                ``(3) A security risk and vulnerability assessment of the
            State's election infrastructure which is carried out by a
            provider of cybersecurity services under a contract entered
            into between the chief State election official and the
            provider.
                ``(4) The maintenance of election infrastructure, including
            addressing risks and vulnerabilities which are identified under
            either of the security risk and vulnerability assessments
            described in paragraph (3), except that none of the funds
            provided under this part may be used to renovate or replace a
            building or facility which is used primarily for purposes other
            than the administration of elections for public office.
                ``(5) Providing increased technical support for any
            information technology infrastructure that the chief State
            election official deems to be part of the State's election
            infrastructure or designates as critical to the operation of
            the State's election infrastructure.
                ``(6) Enhancing the cybersecurity and operations of the
            information technology infrastructure described in paragraph
            (4).
                ``(7) Enhancing the cybersecurity of voter registration
            systems.
        ``(b) Qualified Election Infrastructure Vendors Described.--
                ``(1) In general.--For purposes of this part, a `qualified
            election infrastructure vendor' is any person who provides,
            supports, or maintains, or who seeks to provide, support, or
            maintain, election infrastructure on behalf of a State, unit of
            local government, or election agency (as defined in section
            3601 of the Election Security Act) who meets the criteria
            described in paragraph (2).
                ``(2) Criteria.--The criteria described in this paragraph
            are such criteria as the Chairman, in coordination with the
            Secretary of Homeland Security, shall establish and publish,
            and shall include each of the following requirements:
                        ``(A) The vendor must be owned and controlled by a
                    citizen or permanent resident of the United States.
                        ``(B) The vendor must disclose to the Chairman and
                    the Secretary, and to the chief State election official
                    of any State to which the vendor provides any goods and
                    services with funds provided under this part, of any
                    sourcing outside the United States for parts of the
                    election infrastructure.
                        ``(C) The vendor must disclose to the Chairman and
                    the Secretary, and to the chief State election official
                    of any State to which the vendor provides any goods and
                    services with funds provided under this part, the
                    identification of any entity or individual with a more
                    than five percent ownership interest in the vendor.
                        ``(D) The vendor agrees to ensure that the election
                    infrastructure will be developed and maintained in a
                    manner that is consistent with the cybersecurity best
                    practices issued by the Technical Guidelines
                    Development Committee.
                        ``(E) The vendor agrees to maintain its information
                    technology infrastructure in a manner that is
                    consistent with the cybersecurity best practices issued
                    by the Technical Guidelines Development Committee.
                        ``(F) The vendor agrees to ensure that the election
                    infrastructure will be developed and maintained in a
                    manner that is consistent with the supply chain best
                    practices issued by the Technical Guidelines
                    Development Committee.
                        ``(G) The vendor agrees to ensure that it has
                    personnel policies and practices in place that are
                    consistent with personnel best practices, including
                    cybersecurity training and background checks, issued by
                    the Technical Guidelines Development Committee.
                        ``(H) The vendor agrees to ensure that the election
                    infrastructure will be developed and maintained in a
                    manner that is consistent with data integrity best
                    practices, including requirements for encrypted
                    transfers and validation, testing and checking printed
                    materials for accuracy, and disclosure of quality
                    control incidents, issued by the Technical Guidelines
                    Development Committee.
                        ``(I) The vendor agrees to meet the requirements of
                    paragraph (3) with respect to any known or suspected
                    cybersecurity incidents involving any of the goods and
                    services provided by the vendor pursuant to a grant
                    under this part.
                        ``(J) The vendor agrees to permit independent
                    security testing by the Commission (in accordance with
                    section 231(a)) and by the Secretary of the goods and
                    services provided by the vendor pursuant to a grant
                    under this part.
                ``(3) Cybersecurity incident reporting requirements.--
                        ``(A) In general.--A vendor meets the requirements
                    of this paragraph if, upon becoming aware of the
                    possibility that an election cybersecurity incident has
                    occurred involving any of the goods and services
                    provided by the vendor pursuant to a grant under this
                    part--
                                ``(i) the vendor promptly assesses whether
                            or not such an incident occurred, and submits a
                            notification meeting the requirements of
                            subparagraph (B) to the Secretary and the
                            Chairman of the assessment as soon as
                            practicable (but in no case later than 3 days
                            after the vendor first becomes aware of the
                            possibility that the incident occurred);
                                ``(ii) if the incident involves goods or
                            services provided to an election agency, the
                            vendor submits a notification meeting the
                            requirements of subparagraph (B) to the agency
                            as soon as practicable (but in no case later
                            than 3 days after the vendor first becomes
                            aware of the possibility that the incident
                            occurred), and cooperates with the agency in
                            providing any other necessary notifications
                            relating to the incident; and
                                ``(iii) the vendor provides all necessary
                            updates to any notification submitted under
                            clause (i) or clause (ii).
                        ``(B) Contents of notifications.--Each notification
                    submitted under clause (i) or clause (ii) of
                    subparagraph (A) shall contain the following
                    information with respect to any election cybersecurity
                    incident covered by the notification:
                                ``(i) The date, time, and time zone when
                            the election cybersecurity incident began, if
                            known.
                                ``(ii) The date, time, and time zone when
                            the election cybersecurity incident was
                            detected.
                                ``(iii) The date, time, and duration of the
                            election cybersecurity incident.
                                ``(iv) The circumstances of the election
                            cybersecurity incident, including the specific
                            election infrastructure systems believed to
                            have been accessed and information acquired, if
                            any.
                                ``(v) Any planned and implemented technical
                            measures to respond to and recover from the
                            incident.
                                ``(vi) In the case of any notification
                            which is an update to a prior notification, any
                            additional material information relating to the
                            incident, including technical data, as it
                            becomes available.

    ``SEC. 298B. ELIGIBILITY OF STATES.

        ``A State is eligible to receive a grant under this part if the
    State submits to the Commission, at such time and in such form as the
    Commission may require, an application containing--
                ``(1) a description of how the State will use the grant to
            carry out the activities authorized under this part;
                ``(2) a certification and assurance that, not later than 5
            years after receiving the grant, the State will carry out risk-
            limiting audits and will carry out voting system security
            improvements, as described in section 298A; and
                ``(3) such other information and assurances as the
            Commission may require.

    ``SEC. 298C. REPORTS TO CONGRESS.

        ``Not later than 90 days after the end of each fiscal year, the
    Commission shall submit a report to the appropriate congressional
    committees, including the Committees on Homeland Security, House
    Administration, and the Judiciary of the House of Representatives and
    the Committees on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs, the
    Judiciary, and Rules and Administration of the Senate, on the
    activities carried out with the funds provided under this part.

    ``SEC. 298D. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

        ``(a) Authorization.--There are authorized to be appropriated for
    grants under this part--
                ``(1) $1,000,000,000 for fiscal year 2021; and
                ``(2) $175,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 2022, 2024,
            2026, and 2028.
        ``(b) Continuing Availability of Amounts.--Any amounts appropriated
    pursuant to the authorization of this section shall remain available
    until expended.''.
        (b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of contents of such Act, as
    amended by section 1622(c), is amended by adding at the end of the
    items relating to subtitle D of title II the following:

     ``Part 8--Grants for Obtaining Compliant Paper Ballot Voting Systems
              and Carrying Out Voting System Security Improvements

            ``Sec. 298. Grants for obtaining compliant paper ballot voting
                                systems and carrying out voting system
                                security improvements.
            ``Sec. 298A. Voting system security improvements described.
            ``Sec. 298B. Eligibility of States.
            ``Sec. 298C. Reports to Congress.
            ``Sec. 298D. Authorization of appropriations.''.

    SEC. 3002. COORDINATION OF VOTING SYSTEM SECURITY ACTIVITIES WITH USE
                  OF REQUIREMENTS PAYMENTS AND ELECTION ADMINISTRATION
                  REQUIREMENTS UNDER HELP AMERICA VOTE ACT OF 2002.

        (a) Duties of Election Assistance Commission.--Section 202 of the
    Help America Vote Act of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 20922) is amended--
                (1) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by striking
            ``by'' and inserting ``and the security of election
            infrastructure by''; and
                (2) by striking the semicolon at the end of paragraph (1)
            and inserting the following: ``, and the development,
            maintenance and dissemination of cybersecurity guidelines to
            identify vulnerabilities that could lead to, protect against,
            detect, respond to and recover from cybersecurity incidents;''.
        (b) Membership of Secretary of Homeland Security on Board of
    Advisors of Election Assistance Commission.--Section 214(a) of such Act
    (52 U.S.C. 20944(a)) is amended--
                (1) by striking ``37 members'' and inserting ``38
            members''; and
                (2) by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
                ``(17) The Secretary of Homeland Security or the
            Secretary's designee.''.
        (c) Representative of Department of Homeland Security on Technical
    Guidelines Development Committee.--Section 221(c)(1) of such Act (52
    U.S.C. 20961(c)(1)) is amended--
                (1) by redesignating subparagraph (E) as subparagraph (F);
            and
                (2) by inserting after subparagraph (D) the following new
            subparagraph:
                        ``(E) A representative of the Department of
                    Homeland Security.''.
        (d) Goals of Periodic Studies of Election Administration Issues;
    Consultation With Secretary of Homeland Security.--Section 241(a) of
    such Act (52 U.S.C. 20981(a)) is amended--
                (1) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by striking
            ``the Commission shall'' and inserting ``the Commission, in
            consultation with the Secretary of Homeland Security (as
            appropriate), shall'';
                (2) by striking ``and'' at the end of paragraph (3);
                (3) by redesignating paragraph (4) as paragraph (5); and
                (4) by inserting after paragraph (3) the following new
            paragraph:
                ``(4) will be secure against attempts to undermine the
            integrity of election systems by cyber or other means; and''.
        (e) Requirements Payments.--
                (1) Use of payments for voting system security
            improvements.--Section 251(b) of such Act (52 U.S.C. 21001(b)),
            as amended by section 1061(a)(2), is further amended by adding
            at the end the following new paragraph:
                ``(5) Permitting use of payments for voting system security
            improvements.--A State may use a requirements payment to carry
            out any of the following activities:
                        ``(A) Cyber and risk mitigation training.
                        ``(B) Providing increased technical support for any
                    information technology infrastructure that the chief
                    State election official deems to be part of the State's
                    election infrastructure or designates as critical to
                    the operation of the State's election infrastructure.
                        ``(C) Enhancing the cybersecurity and operations of
                    the information technology infrastructure described in
                    subparagraph (B).
                        ``(D) Enhancing the security of voter registration
                    databases.''.
                (2) Incorporation of election infrastructure protection in
            state plans for use of payments.--Section 254(a)(1) of such Act
            (52 U.S.C. 21004(a)(1)) is amended by striking the period at
            the end and inserting ``, including the protection of election
            infrastructure.''.
                (3) Composition of committee responsible for developing
            state plan for use of payments.--Section 255 of such Act (52
            U.S.C. 21005) is amended--
                        (A) by redesignating subsection (b) as subsection
                    (c); and
                        (B) by inserting after subsection (a) the following
                    new subsection:
        ``(b) Geographic Representation.--The members of the committee
    shall be a representative group of individuals from the State's
    counties, cities, towns, and Indian tribes, and shall represent the
    needs of rural as well as urban areas of the State, as the case may
    be.''.
        (f) Ensuring Protection of Computerized Statewide Voter
    Registration List.--Section 303(a)(3) of such Act (52 U.S.C.
    21083(a)(3)) is amended by striking the period at the end and inserting
    ``, as well as other measures to prevent and deter cybersecurity
    incidents, as identified by the Commission, the Secretary of Homeland
    Security, and the Technical Guidelines Development Committee.''.
        (g) Senior Cyber Policy Advisor.--Section 204(a) of such Act (52
    U.S.C. 20924(a)) is amended--
                (1) by redesignating paragraphs (5) and (6) as paragraphs
            (6) and (7); and
                (2) by inserting after paragraph (4) the following new
            paragraph:
                ``(5) Senior cyber policy advisor.--The Commission shall
            have a Senior Cyber Policy Advisor, who shall be appointed by
            the Commission and who shall serve under the Executive
            Director, and who shall be the primary policy advisor to the
            Commission on matters of cybersecurity for Federal
            elections.''.

    SEC. 3003. INCORPORATION OF DEFINITIONS.

        (a) In General.--Section 901 of the Help America Vote Act of 2002
    (52 U.S.C. 21141), as amended by section 1921(b)(1), is amended to read
    as follows:

    ``SEC. 901. DEFINITIONS.

        ``In this Act, the following definitions apply:
                ``(1) The term `cybersecurity incident' has the meaning
            given the term `incident' in section 227 of the Homeland
            Security Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 148).
                ``(2) The term `election infrastructure' has the meaning
            given such term in section 3601 of the Election Security Act.
                ``(3) The term `State' means each of the several States,
            the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico,
            Guam, American Samoa, the United States Virgin Islands, and the
            Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands.''.
        (b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of contents of such Act is
    amended by amending the item relating to section 901 to read as
    follows:

    ``Sec. 901. Definitions.''.

        PART 2--GRANTS FOR RISK-LIMITING AUDITS OF RESULTS OF ELECTIONS

    SEC. 3011. GRANTS TO STATES FOR CONDUCTING RISK-LIMITING AUDITS OF
                  RESULTS OF ELECTIONS.

        (a) Availability of Grants.--Subtitle D of title II of the Help
    America Vote Act of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 21001 et seq.), as amended by
    sections 1622(b) and 3001(a), is amended by adding at the end the
    following new part:

      ``PART 9--GRANTS FOR CONDUCTING RISK-LIMITING AUDITS OF RESULTS OF
                                   ELECTIONS

    ``SEC. 299. GRANTS FOR CONDUCTING RISK-LIMITING AUDITS OF RESULTS OF
                  ELECTIONS.

        ``(a) Availability of Grants.--The Commission shall make a grant to
    each eligible State to conduct risk-limiting audits as described in
    subsection (b) with respect to the regularly scheduled general
    elections for Federal office held in November 2022 and each succeeding
    election for Federal office.
        ``(b) Risk-Limiting Audits Described.--In this part, a `risk-
    limiting audit' is a post-election process--
                ``(1) which is conducted in accordance with rules and
            procedures established by the chief State election official of
            the State which meet the requirements of subsection (c); and
                ``(2) under which, if the reported outcome of the election
            is incorrect, there is at least a predetermined percentage
            chance that the audit will replace the incorrect outcome with
            the correct outcome as determined by a full, hand-to-eye
            tabulation of all votes validly cast in that election that
            ascertains voter intent manually and directly from voter-
            verifiable paper records.
        ``(c) Requirements for Rules and Procedures.--The rules and
    procedures established for conducting a risk-limiting audit shall
    include the following elements:
                ``(1) Rules for ensuring the security of ballots and
            documenting that prescribed procedures were followed.
                ``(2) Rules and procedures for ensuring the accuracy of
            ballot manifests produced by election agencies.
                ``(3) Rules and procedures for governing the format of
            ballot manifests, cast vote records, and other data involved in
            the audit.
                ``(4) Methods to ensure that any cast vote records used in
            the audit are those used by the voting system to tally the
            election results sent to the chief State election official and
            made public.
                ``(5) Procedures for the random selection of ballots to be
            inspected manually during each audit.
                ``(6) Rules for the calculations and other methods to be
            used in the audit and to determine whether and when the audit
            of an election is complete.
                ``(7) Procedures and requirements for testing any software
            used to conduct risk-limiting audits.
        ``(d) Definitions.--In this part, the following definitions apply:
                ``(1) The term `ballot manifest' means a record maintained
            by each election agency that meets each of the following
            requirements:
                        ``(A) The record is created without reliance on any
                    part of the voting system used to tabulate votes.
                        ``(B) The record functions as a sampling frame for
                    conducting a risk-limiting audit.
                        ``(C) The record contains the following information
                    with respect to the ballots cast and counted in the
                    election:
                                ``(i) The total number of ballots cast and
                            counted by the agency (including undervotes,
                            overvotes, and other invalid votes).
                                ``(ii) The total number of ballots cast in
                            each election administered by the agency
                            (including undervotes, overvotes, and other
                            invalid votes).
                                ``(iii) A precise description of the manner
                            in which the ballots are physically stored,
                            including the total number of physical groups
                            of ballots, the numbering system for each
                            group, a unique label for each group, and the
                            number of ballots in each such group.
                ``(2) The term `incorrect outcome' means an outcome that
            differs from the outcome that would be determined by a full
            tabulation of all votes validly cast in the election,
            determining voter intent manually, directly from voter-
            verifiable paper records.
                ``(3) The term `outcome' means the winner of an election,
            whether a candidate or a position.
                ``(4) The term `reported outcome' means the outcome of an
            election which is determined according to the canvass and which
            will become the official, certified outcome unless it is
            revised by an audit, recount, or other legal process.

    ``SEC. 299A. ELIGIBILITY OF STATES.

        ``A State is eligible to receive a grant under this part if the
    State submits to the Commission, at such time and in such form as the
    Commission may require, an application containing--
                ``(1) a certification that, not later than 5 years after
            receiving the grant, the State will conduct risk-limiting
            audits of the results of elections for Federal office held in
            the State as described in section 299;
                ``(2) a certification that, not later than one year after
            the date of the enactment of this section, the chief State
            election official of the State has established or will
            establish the rules and procedures for conducting the audits
            which meet the requirements of section 299(c);
                ``(3) a certification that the audit shall be completed not
            later than the date on which the State certifies the results of
            the election;
                ``(4) a certification that, after completing the audit, the
            State shall publish a report on the results of the audit,
            together with such information as necessary to confirm that the
            audit was conducted properly;
                ``(5) a certification that, if a risk-limiting audit
            conducted under this part leads to a full manual tally of an
            election, State law requires that the State or election agency
            shall use the results of the full manual tally as the official
            results of the election; and
                ``(6) such other information and assurances as the
            Commission may require.

    ``SEC. 299B. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

        ``There are authorized to be appropriated for grants under this
    part $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2021, to remain available until
    expended.''.
        (b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of contents of such Act, as
    amended by sections 1622(c) and 3001(b), is further amended by adding
    at the end of the items relating to subtitle D of title II the
    following:

      ``Part 9--Grants for Conducting Risk-Limiting Audits of Results of
                                   Elections

            ``Sec. 299. Grants for conducting risk-limiting audits of
                                results of elections.
            ``Sec. 299A. Eligibility of States.
            ``Sec. 299B. Authorization of appropriations.''.

    SEC. 3012. GAO ANALYSIS OF EFFECTS OF AUDITS.

        (a) Analysis.--Not later than 6 months after the first election for
    Federal office is held after grants are first awarded to States for
    conducting risk-limiting audits under part 9 of subtitle D of title II
    of the Help America Vote Act of 2002 (as added by section 3011) for
    conducting risk-limiting audits of elections for Federal office, the
    Comptroller General of the United States shall conduct an analysis of
    the extent to which such audits have improved the administration of
    such elections and the security of election infrastructure in the
    States receiving such grants.
        (b) Report.--The Comptroller General of the United States shall
    submit a report on the analysis conducted under subsection (a) to the
    appropriate congressional committees.

            PART 3--ELECTION INFRASTRUCTURE INNOVATION GRANT PROGRAM

    SEC. 3021. ELECTION INFRASTRUCTURE INNOVATION GRANT PROGRAM.

        (a) In General.--Title III of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (6
    U.S.C. 181 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following new
    section:

    ``SEC. 321. ELECTION INFRASTRUCTURE INNOVATION GRANT PROGRAM.

        ``(a) Establishment.--The Secretary, acting through the Under
    Secretary for Science and Technology, in coordination with the Chairman
    of the Election Assistance Commission (established pursuant to the Help
    America Vote Act of 2002) and in consultation with the Director of the
    National Science Foundation and the Director of the National Institute
    of Standards and Technology, shall establish a competitive grant
    program to award grants to eligible entities, on a competitive basis,
    for purposes of research and development that are determined to have
    the potential to significantly improve the security (including
    cybersecurity), quality, reliability, accuracy, accessibility, and
    affordability of election infrastructure, and increase voter
    participation.
        ``(b) Report to Congress.--Not later than 90 days after the
    conclusion of each fiscal year for which grants are awarded under this
    section, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Homeland
    Security and the Committee on House Administration of the House of
    Representatives and the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental
    Affairs and the Committee on Rules and Administration of the Senate a
    report describing such grants and analyzing the impact, if any, of such
    grants on the security and operation of election infrastructure, and on
    voter participation.
        ``(c) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be
    appropriated to the Secretary $20,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2021
    through 2029 for purposes of carrying out this section.
        ``(d) Eligible Entity Defined.--In this section, the term `eligible
    entity' means--
                ``(1) an institution of higher education (as such term is
            defined in section 101(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965
            (20 U.S.C. 1001(a)), including an institution of higher
            education that is a historically Black college or university
            (which has the meaning given the term ``part B institution'' in
            section 322 of such Act (20 U.S.C. 1061)) or other minority-
            serving institution listed in section 371(a) of such Act (20
            U.S.C. 1067q(a));
                ``(2) an organization described in section 501(c)(3) of the
            Internal Revenue Code of 1986 and exempt from tax under section
            501(a) of such Code; or
                ``(3) an organization, association, or a for-profit
            company, including a small business concern (as such term is
            described in section 3 of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C.
            632)), including a small business concern owned and controlled
            by socially and economically disadvantaged individuals (as such
            term is defined in section 8(d)(3)(C) of the Small Business Act
            (15 U.S.C. 637(d)(3)(C)).''.
        (b) Definition.--Section 2 of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (6
    U.S.C. 101) is amended--
                (1) by redesignating paragraphs (6) through (20) as
            paragraphs (7) through (21), respectively; and
                (2) by inserting after paragraph (5) the following new
            paragraph:
                ``(6) Election infrastructure.--The term `election
            infrastructure' means storage facilities, polling places, and
            centralized vote tabulation locations used to support the
            administration of elections for public office, as well as
            related information and communications technology, including
            voter registration databases, voting machines, electronic mail
            and other communications systems (including electronic mail and
            other systems of vendors who have entered into contracts with
            election agencies to support the administration of elections,
            manage the election process, and report and display election
            results), and other systems used to manage the election process
            and to report and display election results on behalf of an
            election agency.''.
        (c) Clerical Amendment.--The table of contents in section 1(b) of
    the Homeland Security Act of 2002 is amended by inserting after the
    item relating to section 320 the following new item:

    ``Sec. 321. Election infrastructure innovation grant program.''.

                         Subtitle B--Security Measures

    SEC. 3101. ELECTION INFRASTRUCTURE DESIGNATION.

        Subparagraph (J) of section 2001(3) of the Homeland Security Act of
    2002 (6 U.S.C. 601(3)) is amended by inserting ``, including election
    infrastructure'' before the period at the end.

    SEC. 3102. TIMELY THREAT INFORMATION.

        Subsection (d) of section 201 of the Homeland Security Act of 2002
    (6 U.S.C. 121) is amended by adding at the end the following new
    paragraph:
                ``(24) To provide timely threat information regarding
            election infrastructure to the chief State election official of
            the State with respect to which such information pertains.''.

    SEC. 3103. SECURITY CLEARANCE ASSISTANCE FOR ELECTION OFFICIALS.

        In order to promote the timely sharing of information on threats to
    election infrastructure, the Secretary may--
                (1) help expedite a security clearance for the chief State
            election official and other appropriate State personnel
            involved in the administration of elections, as designated by
            the chief State election official;
                (2) sponsor a security clearance for the chief State
            election official and other appropriate State personnel
            involved in the administration of elections, as designated by
            the chief State election official; and
                (3) facilitate the issuance of a temporary clearance to the
            chief State election official and other appropriate State
            personnel involved in the administration of elections, as
            designated by the chief State election official, if the
            Secretary determines classified information to be timely and
            relevant to the election infrastructure of the State at issue.

    SEC. 3104. SECURITY RISK AND VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENTS.

        (a) In General.--Paragraph (6) of section 2209(c) of the Homeland
    Security Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 659(c)) is amended by inserting
    ``(including by carrying out a security risk and vulnerability
    assessment)'' after ``risk management support''.
        (b) Prioritization To Enhance Election Security.--
                (1) In general.--Not later than 90 days after receiving a
            written request from a chief State election official, the
            Secretary shall, to the extent practicable, commence a security
            risk and vulnerability assessment (pursuant to paragraph (6) of
            section 2209(c) of the Homeland Security Act of 2002, as
            amended by subsection (a)) on election infrastructure in the
            State at issue.
                (2) Notification.--If the Secretary, upon receipt of a
            request described in paragraph (1), determines that a security
            risk and vulnerability assessment referred to in such paragraph
            cannot be commenced within 90 days, the Secretary shall
            expeditiously notify the chief State election official who
            submitted such request.

    SEC. 3105. ANNUAL REPORTS.

        (a) Reports on Assistance and Assessments.--Not later than 1 year
    after the date of the enactment of this Act and annually thereafter
    through 2028, the Secretary shall submit to the appropriate
    congressional committees--
                (1) efforts to carry out section 3103 during the prior
            year, including specific information regarding which States
            were helped, how many officials have been helped in each State,
            how many security clearances have been sponsored in each State,
            and how many temporary clearances have been issued in each
            State; and
                (2) efforts to carry out section 3104 during the prior
            year, including specific information regarding which States
            were helped, the dates on which the Secretary received a
            request for a security risk and vulnerability assessment
            referred to in such section, the dates on which the Secretary
            commenced each such request, and the dates on which the
            Secretary transmitted a notification in accordance with
            subsection (b)(2) of such section.
        (b) Reports on Foreign Threats.--Not later than 90 days after the
    end of each fiscal year (beginning with fiscal year 2021), the
    Secretary and the Director of National Intelligence, in coordination
    with the heads of appropriate offices of the Federal Government, shall
    submit to the appropriate congressional committees a joint report on
    foreign threats, including physical and cybersecurity threats, to
    elections in the United States.
        (c) Information From States.--For purposes of preparing the reports
    required under this section, the Secretary shall solicit and consider
    information and comments from States and election agencies, except that
    the provision of such information and comments by a State or election
    agency shall be voluntary and at the discretion of the State or
    election agency.

    SEC. 3106. PRE-ELECTION THREAT ASSESSMENTS.

        (a) Submission of Assessment by DNI.--Not later than 180 days
    before the date of each regularly scheduled general election for
    Federal office, the Director of National Intelligence shall submit an
    assessment of the full scope of threats, including cybersecurity
    threats posed by state actors and terrorist groups, to election
    infrastructure and recommendations to address or mitigate such threats,
    as developed by the Secretary and Chairman, to--
                (1) the chief State election official of each State;
                (2) the appropriate congressional committees; and
                (3) any other relevant congressional committees.
        (b) Updates to Initial Assessments.--If, at any time after
    submitting an assessment with respect to an election under subsection
    (a), the Director of National Intelligence determines that the
    assessment should be updated to reflect new information regarding the
    threats involved, the Director shall submit a revised assessment under
    such subsection.
        (c) Definitions.--In this section:
                (1) The term ``Chairman'' means the chair of the Election
            Assistance Commission.
                (2) The term ``chief State election official'' means, with
            respect to a State, the individual designated by the State
            under section 10 of the National Voter Registration Act of 1993
            (52 U.S.C. 20509) to be responsible for coordination of the
            State's responsibilities under such Act.
                (3) The term ``election infrastructure'' means storage
            facilities, polling places, and centralized vote tabulation
            locations used to support the administration of elections for
            public office, as well as related information and
            communications technology, including voter registration
            databases, voting machines, electronic mail and other
            communications systems (including electronic mail and other
            systems of vendors who have entered into contracts with
            election agencies to support the administration of elections,
            manage the election process, and report and display election
            results), and other systems used to manage the election process
            and to report and display election results on behalf of an
            election agency.
                (4) The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary of Homeland
            Security.
                (5) The term ``State'' has the meaning given such term in
            section 901 of the Help America Vote Act of 2002 (52 U.S.C.
            21141).
        (d) Effective Date.--This subtitle shall apply with respect to the
    regularly scheduled general election for Federal office held in
    November 2022 and each succeeding regularly scheduled general election
    for Federal office.

        Subtitle C--Enhancing Protections for United States Democratic
                                  Institutions

    SEC. 3201. NATIONAL STRATEGY TO PROTECT UNITED STATES DEMOCRATIC
                  INSTITUTIONS.

        (a) In General.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the
    enactment of this Act, the President, acting through the Secretary, in
    consultation with the Chairman, the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary
    of State, the Attorney General, the Secretary of Education, the
    Director of National Intelligence, the Chairman of the Federal Election
    Commission, and the heads of any other appropriate Federal agencies,
    shall issue a national strategy to protect against cyber attacks,
    influence operations, disinformation campaigns, and other activities
    that could undermine the security and integrity of United States
    democratic institutions.
        (b) Considerations.--The national strategy required under
    subsection (a) shall include consideration of the following:
                (1) The threat of a foreign state actor, foreign terrorist
            organization (as designated pursuant to section 219 of the
            Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1189)), or a domestic
            actor carrying out a cyber attack, influence operation,
            disinformation campaign, or other activity aimed at undermining
            the security and integrity of United States democratic
            institutions.
                (2) The extent to which United States democratic
            institutions are vulnerable to a cyber attack, influence
            operation, disinformation campaign, or other activity aimed at
            undermining the security and integrity of such democratic
            institutions.
                (3) Potential consequences, such as an erosion of public
            trust or an undermining of the rule of law, that could result
            from a successful cyber attack, influence operation,
            disinformation campaign, or other activity aimed at undermining
            the security and integrity of United States democratic
            institutions.
                (4) Lessons learned from other governments the institutions
            of which were subject to a cyber attack, influence operation,
            disinformation campaign, or other activity aimed at undermining
            the security and integrity of such institutions, as well as
            actions that could be taken by the United States Government to
            bolster collaboration with foreign partners to detect, deter,
            prevent, and counter such activities.
                (5) Potential impacts, such as an erosion of public trust
            in democratic institutions, as could be associated with a
            successful cyber breach or other activity negatively affecting
            election infrastructure.
                (6) Roles and responsibilities of the Secretary, the
            Chairman, and the heads of other Federal entities and non-
            Federal entities, including chief State election officials and
            representatives of multi-state information sharing and analysis
            centers.
                (7) Any findings, conclusions, and recommendations to
            strengthen protections for United States democratic
            institutions that have been agreed to by a majority of
            Commission members on the National Commission to Protect United
            States Democratic Institutions, authorized pursuant to section
            3202.
        (c) Implementation Plan.--Not later than 90 days after the issuance
    of the national strategy required under subsection (a), the President,
    acting through the Secretary, in coordination with the Chairman, shall
    issue an implementation plan for Federal efforts to implement such
    strategy that includes the following:
                (1) Strategic objectives and corresponding tasks.
                (2) Projected timelines and costs for the tasks referred to
            in paragraph (1).
                (3) Metrics to evaluate performance of such tasks.
        (d) Classification.--The national strategy required under
    subsection (a) shall be in unclassified form.
        (e) Civil Rights Review.--Not later than 60 days after the issuance
    of the national strategy required under subsection (a), and not later
    than 60 days after the issuance of the implementation plan required
    under subsection (c), the Privacy and Civil Liberties Oversight Board
    (established under section 1061 of the Intelligence Reform and
    Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004 (42 U.S.C. 2000ee)) shall submit to
    Congress a report on any potential privacy and civil liberties impacts
    of such strategy and implementation plan, respectively.

    SEC. 3202. NATIONAL COMMISSION TO PROTECT UNITED STATES DEMOCRATIC
                  INSTITUTIONS.

        (a) Establishment.--There is established within the legislative
    branch the National Commission to Protect United States Democratic
    Institutions (in this section referred to as the ``Commission'').
        (b) Purpose.--The purpose of the Commission is to counter efforts
    to undermine democratic institutions within the United States.
        (c) Composition.--
                (1) Membership.--The Commission shall be composed of 10
            members appointed for the life of the Commission as follows:
                        (A) One member shall be appointed by the Secretary.
                        (B) One member shall be appointed by the Chairman.
                        (C) Two members shall be appointed by the majority
                    leader of the Senate, in consultation with the Chairman
                    of the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental
                    Affairs, the Chairman of the Committee on the
                    Judiciary, and the Chairman of the Committee on Rules
                    and Administration.
                        (D) Two members shall be appointed by the minority
                    leader of the Senate, in consultation with the ranking
                    minority member of the Committee on Homeland Security
                    and Governmental Affairs, the ranking minority member
                    of the Committee on the Judiciary, and the ranking
                    minority member of the Committee on Rules and
                    Administration.
                        (E) Two members shall be appointed by the Speaker
                    of the House of Representatives, in consultation with
                    the Chairman of the Committee on Homeland Security, the
                    Chairman of the Committee on House Administration, and
                    the Chairman of the Committee on the Judiciary.
                        (F) Two members shall be appointed by the minority
                    leader of the House of Representatives, in consultation
                    with the ranking minority member of the Committee on
                    Homeland Security, the ranking minority member of the
                    Committee on the Judiciary, and the ranking minority
                    member of the Committee on House Administration.
                (2) Qualifications.--Individuals shall be selected for
            appointment to the Commission solely on the basis of their
            professional qualifications, achievements, public stature,
            experience, and expertise in relevant fields, including
            cybersecurity, national security, and the Constitution of the
            United States.
                (3) No compensation for service.--Members may not receive
            compensation for service on the Commission, but shall receive
            travel expenses, including per diem in lieu of subsistence, in
            accordance with chapter 57 of title 5, United States Code.
                (4) Deadline for appointment.--All members of the
            Commission shall be appointed not later than 60 days after the
            date of the enactment of this Act.
                (5) Vacancies.--A vacancy on the Commission shall not
            affect its powers and shall be filled in the manner in which
            the original appointment was made. The appointment of the
            replacement member shall be made not later than 60 days after
            the date on which the vacancy occurs.
        (d) Chair and Vice Chair.--The Commission shall elect a Chair and
    Vice Chair from among its members.
        (e) Quorum and Meetings.--
                (1) Quorum.--The Commission shall meet and begin the
            operations of the Commission not later than 30 days after the
            date on which all members have been appointed or, if such
            meeting cannot be mutually agreed upon, on a date designated by
            the Speaker of the House of Representatives and the President
            pro Tempore of the Senate. Each subsequent meeting shall occur
            upon the call of the Chair or a majority of its members. A
            majority of the members of the Commission shall constitute a
            quorum, but a lesser number may hold meetings.
                (2) Authority of individuals to act for commission.--Any
            member of the Commission may, if authorized by the Commission,
            take any action that the Commission is authorized to take under
            this section.
        (f) Powers.--
                (1) Hearings and evidence.--The Commission (or, on the
            authority of the Commission, any subcommittee or member
            thereof) may, for the purpose of carrying out this section,
            hold hearings and sit and act at such times and places, take
            such testimony, receive such evidence, and administer such
            oaths as the Commission considers advisable to carry out its
            duties.
                (2) Contracting.--The Commission may, to such extent and in
            such amounts as are provided in appropriation Acts, enter into
            contracts to enable the Commission to discharge its duties
            under this section.
        (g) Assistance From Federal Agencies.--
                (1) General services administration.--The Administrator of
            General Services shall provide to the Commission on a
            reimbursable basis administrative support and other services
            for the performance of the Commission's functions.
                (2) Other departments and agencies.--In addition to the
            assistance provided under paragraph (1), the Department of
            Homeland Security, the Election Assistance Commission, and
            other appropriate departments and agencies of the United States
            shall provide to the Commission such services, funds,
            facilities, and staff as they may determine advisable and as
            may be authorized by law.
        (h) Public Meetings.--Any public meetings of the Commission shall
    be conducted in a manner consistent with the protection of information
    provided to or developed for or by the Commission as required by any
    applicable statute, regulation, or Executive order.
        (i) Security Clearances.--
                (1) In general.--The heads of appropriate departments and
            agencies of the executive branch shall cooperate with the
            Commission to expeditiously provide Commission members and
            staff with appropriate security clearances to the extent
            possible under applicable procedures and requirements.
                (2) Preferences.--In appointing staff, obtaining detailees,
            and entering into contracts for the provision of services for
            the Commission, the Commission shall give preference to
            individuals who have active security clearances.
        (j) Reports.--
                (1) Interim reports.--At any time prior to the submission
            of the final report under paragraph (2), the Commission may
            submit interim reports to the President and Congress containing
            such findings, conclusions, and recommendations to strengthen
            protections for democratic institutions in the United States as
            have been agreed to by a majority of the members of the
            Commission.
                (2) Final report.--Not later than 18 months after the date
            of the first meeting of the Commission, the Commission shall
            submit to the President and Congress a final report containing
            such findings, conclusions, and recommendations to strengthen
            protections for democratic institutions in the United States as
            have been agreed to by a majority of the members of the
            Commission.
        (k) Termination.--
                (1) In general.--The Commission shall terminate upon the
            expiration of the 60-day period which begins on the date on
            which the Commission submits the final report required under
            subsection (j)(2).
                (2) Administrative activities prior to termination.--During
            the 60-day period referred to in paragraph (1), the Commission
            may carry out such administrative activities as may be required
            to conclude its work, including providing testimony to
            committees of Congress concerning the final report and
            disseminating the final report.

     Subtitle D--Promoting Cybersecurity Through Improvements in Election
                                 Administration

    SEC. 3301. TESTING OF EXISTING VOTING SYSTEMS TO ENSURE COMPLIANCE WITH
                  ELECTION CYBERSECURITY GUIDELINES AND OTHER GUIDELINES.

        (a) Requiring Testing of Existing Voting Systems.--
                (1) In general.--Section 231(a) of the Help America Vote
            Act of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 20971(a)) is amended by adding at the
            end the following new paragraph:
                ``(3) Testing to ensure compliance with guidelines.--
                        ``(A) Testing.--Not later than 9 months before the
                    date of each regularly scheduled general election for
                    Federal office, the Commission shall provide for the
                    testing by accredited laboratories under this section
                    of the voting system hardware and software which was
                    certified for use in the most recent such election, on
                    the basis of the most recent voting system guidelines
                    applicable to such hardware or software (including
                    election cybersecurity guidelines) issued under this
                    Act.
                        ``(B) Decertification of hardware or software
                    failing to meet guidelines.--If, on the basis of the
                    testing described in subparagraph (A), the Commission
                    determines that any voting system hardware or software
                    does not meet the most recent guidelines applicable to
                    such hardware or software issued under this Act, the
                    Commission shall decertify such hardware or
                    software.''.
                (2) Effective date.--The amendment made by paragraph (1)
            shall apply with respect to the regularly scheduled general
            election for Federal office held in November 2022 and each
            succeeding regularly scheduled general election for Federal
            office.
        (b) Issuance of Cybersecurity Guidelines by Technical Guidelines
    Development Committee.--Section 221(b) of the Help America Vote Act of
    2002 (52 U.S.C. 20961(b)) is amended by adding at the end the following
    new paragraph:
                ``(3) Election cybersecurity guidelines.--Not later than 6
            months after the date of the enactment of this paragraph, the
            Development Committee shall issue election cybersecurity
            guidelines, including standards and best practices for
            procuring, maintaining, testing, operating, and updating
            election systems to prevent and deter cybersecurity
            incidents.''.
        (c) Blockchain Technology Study and Report.--
                (1) In general.--The Election Assistance Commission shall
            conduct a study with respect to the use of blockchain
            technology to enhance voter security in an election for Federal
            office.
                (2) Report.--Not later than 90 days after the date of
            enactment of this Act, the Commission shall submit to Congress
            a report on the study conducted under paragraph (1).

    SEC. 3302. TREATMENT OF ELECTRONIC POLL BOOKS AS PART OF VOTING
                  SYSTEMS.

        (a) Inclusion in Definition of Voting System.--Section 301(b) of
    the Help America Vote Act of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 21081(b)) is amended--
                (1) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by striking
            ``this section'' and inserting ``this Act'';
                (2) by striking ``and'' at the end of paragraph (1);
                (3) by redesignating paragraph (2) as paragraph (3); and
                (4) by inserting after paragraph (1) the following new
            paragraph:
                ``(2) any electronic poll book used with respect to the
            election; and''.
        (b) Definition.--Section 301 of such Act (52 U.S.C. 21081) is
    amended--
                (1) by redesignating subsections (d) and (d) as subsections
            (d) and (e); and
                (2) by inserting after subsection (b) the following new
            subsection:
        ``(c) Electronic Poll Book Defined.--In this Act, the term
    `electronic poll book' means the total combination of mechanical,
    electromechanical, or electronic equipment (including the software,
    firmware, and documentation required to program, control, and support
    the equipment) that is used--
                ``(1) to retain the list of registered voters at a polling
            location, or vote center, or other location at which voters
            cast votes in an election for Federal office; and
                ``(2) to identify registered voters who are eligible to
            vote in an election.''.
        (c) Effective Date.--Section 301(e) of such Act (52 U.S.C.
    21081(e)), as redesignated by subsection (b), is amended by striking
    the period at the end and inserting the following: ``, or, with respect
    to any requirements relating to electronic poll books, on and after
    January 1, 2022.''.

    SEC. 3303. PRE-ELECTION REPORTS ON VOTING SYSTEM USAGE.

        (a) Requiring States To Submit Reports.--Title III of the Help
    America Vote Act of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 21081 et seq.) is amended by
    inserting after section 301 the following new section:

    ``SEC. 301A. PRE-ELECTION REPORTS ON VOTING SYSTEM USAGE.

        ``(a) Requiring States To Submit Reports.--Not later than 120 days
    before the date of each regularly scheduled general election for
    Federal office, the chief State election official of a State shall
    submit a report to the Commission containing a detailed voting system
    usage plan for each jurisdiction in the State which will administer the
    election, including a detailed plan for the usage of electronic poll
    books and other equipment and components of such system.
        ``(b) Effective Date.--Subsection (a) shall apply with respect to
    the regularly scheduled general election for Federal office held in
    November 2022 and each succeeding regularly scheduled general election
    for Federal office.''.
        (b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of contents of such Act is
    amended by inserting after the item relating to section 301 the
    following new item:

    ``Sec. 301A. Pre-election reports on voting system usage.''.

    SEC. 3304. STREAMLINING COLLECTION OF ELECTION INFORMATION.

        Section 202 of the Help America Vote Act of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 20922)
    is amended--
                (1) by striking ``The Commission'' and inserting ``(a) In
            General.--The Commission''; and
                (2) by adding at the end the following new subsection:
        ``(b) Waiver of Certain Requirements.--Subchapter I of chapter 35
    of title 44, United States Code, shall not apply to the collection of
    information for purposes of maintaining the clearinghouse described in
    paragraph (1) of subsection (a).''.

    SEC. 3305. EXEMPTION OF CYBERSECURITY ASSISTANCE FROM LIMITATIONS ON
                  AMOUNT OF COORDINATED POLITICAL PARTY EXPENDITURES.

        (a) Exemption.--Section 315(d)(5) of the Federal Election Campaign
    Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30116(d)(5)) is amended--
                (1) by striking ``(5)'' and inserting ``(5)(A)'';
                (2) by striking the period at the end and inserting ``, or
            to expenditures (whether provided as funds or provided as in-
            kind services) for secure information communications technology
            or for a cybersecurity product or service or for any other
            product or service which assists in responding to threats or
            harassment online.''; and
                (3) by adding at the end the following new subparagraph:
        ``(B) In subparagraph (A)--
                ``(i) the term `secure information communications
            technology' means a commercial-off-the-shelf computing device
            which has been configured to restrict unauthorized access and
            uses publicly-available baseline configurations; and
                ``(ii) the term `cybersecurity product or service' means a
            product or service which helps an organization to achieve the
            set of standards, guidelines, best practices, methodologies,
            procedures, and processes to cost-effectively identify, detect,
            protect, respond to, and recover from cyber risks as developed
            by the National Institute of Standards and Technology pursuant
            to subsections (c)(15) and (e) of section 2 of the National
            Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 272).''.
        (b) Effective Date.--The amendments made by subsection (a) shall
    apply with respect to expenditures made on or after the date of the
    enactment of this Act.

                    Subtitle E--Preventing Election Hacking

    SEC. 3401. SHORT TITLE.

        This subtitle may be cited as the ``Prevent Election Hacking Act of
    2021''.

    SEC. 3402. ELECTION SECURITY BUG BOUNTY PROGRAM.

        (a) Establishment.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the
    enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall establish a program to be
    known as the ``Election Security Bug Bounty Program'' (in this subtitle
    referred to as the ``Program'') to improve the cybersecurity of the
    systems used to administer elections for Federal office by facilitating
    and encouraging assessments by independent technical experts, in
    cooperation with State and local election officials and election
    service providers, to identify and report election cybersecurity
    vulnerabilities.
        (b) Voluntary Participation by Election Officials and Election
    Service Providers.--
                (1) No requirement to participate in program.--
            Participation in the Program shall be entirely voluntary for
            State and local election officials and election service
            providers.
                (2) Encouraging participation and input from election
            officials.--In developing the Program, the Secretary shall
            solicit input from, and encourage participation by, State and
            local election officials.
        (c) Activities Funded.--In establishing and carrying out the
    Program, the Secretary shall--
                (1) establish a process for State and local election
            officials and election service providers to voluntarily
            participate in the Program;
                (2) designate appropriate information systems to be
            included in the Program;
                (3) provide compensation to eligible individuals,
            organizations, and companies for reports of previously
            unidentified security vulnerabilities within the information
            systems designated under paragraph (2) and establish criteria
            for individuals, organizations, and companies to be considered
            eligible for such compensation in compliance with Federal laws;
                (4) consult with the Attorney General on how to ensure that
            approved individuals, organizations, and companies that comply
            with the requirements of the Program are protected from
            prosecution under section 1030 of title 18, United States Code,
            and similar provisions of law, and from liability under civil
            actions for specific activities authorized under the Program;
                (5) consult with the Secretary of Defense and the heads of
            other departments and agencies that have implemented programs
            to provide compensation for reports of previously undisclosed
            vulnerabilities in information systems, regarding lessons that
            may be applied from such programs;
                (6) develop an expeditious process by which an individual,
            organization, or company can register with the Department,
            submit to a background check as determined by the Department,
            and receive a determination regarding eligibility for
            participation in the Program; and
                (7) engage qualified interested persons, including
            representatives of private entities, about the structure of the
            Program and, to the extent practicable, establish a recurring
            competition for independent technical experts to assess
            election systems for the purpose of identifying and reporting
            election cybersecurity vulnerabilities.
        (d) Use of Service Providers.--The Secretary may award competitive
    contracts as necessary to manage the Program.
        (e) Definitions.--In this section:
                (1) The term ``Department'' means the Department of
            Homeland Security.
                (2) The terms ``election'' and ``Federal office'' have the
            meanings given such terms in section 301 of the Federal
            Election Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30101).
                (3) The term ``election cybersecurity vulnerability'' means
            any security vulnerability that affects an election system.
                (4) The term ``election infrastructure'' has the meaning
            given such term in paragraph (6) of section 2 of the Homeland
            Security Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 101), as added by section 3021
            of this title.
                (5) The term ``election service provider'' means any person
            providing, supporting, or maintaining an election system on
            behalf of a State or local election official, such as a
            contractor or vendor.
                (6) The term ``election system'' means any information
            system which is part of an election infrastructure.
                (7) The term ``information system'' has the meaning given
            such term in section 3502 of title 44, United States Code.
                (8) The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary of Homeland
            Security, or, upon designation by the Secretary of Homeland
            Security, the Deputy Secretary of Homeland Security, the
            Director of Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security of the
            Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency of the
            Department of Homeland Security, or a Senate-confirmed official
            who reports to the Director.
                (9) The term ``security vulnerability'' has the meaning
            given such term in section 102 of the Cybersecurity Information
            Sharing Act of 2015 (6 U.S.C. 1501).
                (10) The term ``State'' means each of the several States,
            the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico,
            Guam, American Samoa, the Commonwealth of Northern Mariana
            Islands, and the United States Virgin Islands.
                (11) The term ``voting system'' has the meaning given such
            term in section 301(b) of the Help America Vote Act of 2002 (52
            U.S.C. 21081(b)).

            Subtitle F--Election Security Grants Advisory Committee

    SEC. 3501. ESTABLISHMENT OF ADVISORY COMMITTEE.

        (a) In General.--Subtitle A of title II of the Help America Vote
    Act of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 20921 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end
    the following:

             ``PART 4--ELECTION SECURITY GRANTS ADVISORY COMMITTEE

    ``SEC. 225. ELECTION SECURITY GRANTS ADVISORY COMMITTEE.

        ``(a) Establishment.--There is hereby established an advisory
    committee (hereinafter in this part referred to as the `Committee') to
    assist the Commission with respect to the award of grants to States
    under this Act for the purpose of election security.
        ``(b) Duties.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Committee shall, with respect to an
            application for a grant received by the Commission--
                        ``(A) review such application; and
                        ``(B) recommend to the Commission whether to award
                    the grant to the applicant.
                ``(2) Considerations.--In reviewing an application pursuant
            to paragraph (1)(A), the Committee shall consider--
                        ``(A) the record of the applicant with respect to--
                                ``(i) compliance of the applicant with the
                            requirements under subtitle A of title III; and
                                ``(ii) adoption of voluntary guidelines
                            issued by the Commission under subtitle B of
                            title III; and
                        ``(B) the goals and requirements of election
                    security as described in title III of the For the
                    People Act.
        ``(c) Membership.--The Committee shall be composed of 15
    individuals appointed by the Executive Director of the Commission with
    experience and expertise in election security.
        ``(d) No Compensation for Service.--Members of the Committee shall
    not receive any compensation for their service, but shall be paid
    travel expenses, including per diem in lieu of subsistence, at rates
    authorized for employees of agencies under subchapter I of chapter 57
    of title 5, United States Code, while away from their homes or regular
    places of business in the performance of services for the Committee.''.
        (b) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall take
    effect 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act.

                      Subtitle G--Miscellaneous Provisions

    SEC. 3601. DEFINITIONS.

        Except as provided in section 3402, in this title, the following
    definitions apply:
                (1) The term ``Chairman'' means the chair of the Election
            Assistance Commission.
                (2) The term ``appropriate congressional committees'' means
            the Committees on Homeland Security and House Administration of
            the House of Representatives and the Committees on Homeland
            Security and Governmental Affairs and Rules and Administration
            of the Senate.
                (3) The term ``chief State election official'' means, with
            respect to a State, the individual designated by the State
            under section 10 of the National Voter Registration Act of 1993
            (52 U.S.C. 20509) to be responsible for coordination of the
            State's responsibilities under such Act.
                (4) The term ``Commission'' means the Election Assistance
            Commission.
                (5) The term ``democratic institutions'' means the diverse
            range of institutions that are essential to ensuring an
            independent judiciary, free and fair elections, and rule of
            law.
                (6) The term ``election agency'' means any component of a
            State, or any component of a unit of local government in a
            State, which is responsible for the administration of elections
            for Federal office in the State.
                (7) The term ``election infrastructure'' means storage
            facilities, polling places, and centralized vote tabulation
            locations used to support the administration of elections for
            public office, as well as related information and
            communications technology, including voter registration
            databases, voting machines, electronic mail and other
            communications systems (including electronic mail and other
            systems of vendors who have entered into contracts with
            election agencies to support the administration of elections,
            manage the election process, and report and display election
            results), and other systems used to manage the election process
            and to report and display election results on behalf of an
            election agency.
                (8) The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary of Homeland
            Security.
                (9) The term ``State'' has the meaning given such term in
            section 901 of the Help America Vote Act of 2002 (52 U.S.C.
            21141).

    SEC. 3602. INITIAL REPORT ON ADEQUACY OF RESOURCES AVAILABLE FOR
                  IMPLEMENTATION.

        Not later than 120 days after enactment of this Act, the Chairman
    and the Secretary shall submit a report to the appropriate committees
    of Congress, including the Committees on Homeland Security and House
    Administration of the House of Representatives and the Committee on
    Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs of the Senate, analyzing the
    adequacy of the funding, resources, and personnel available to carry
    out this title and the amendments made by this title.

      Subtitle H--Use of Voting Machines Manufactured in the United States

    SEC. 3701. USE OF VOTING MACHINES MANUFACTURED IN THE UNITED STATES.

        (a) Requirement.--Section 301(a) of the Help America Vote Act of
    2002 (52 U.S.C. 21081(a)), as amended by section 1504, section 1505,
    and section 1507, is further amended by adding at the end the following
    new paragraph:
                ``(10) Voting machine requirements.--By not later than the
            date of the regularly scheduled general election for Federal
            office occurring in November 2024, each State shall seek to
            ensure that any voting machine used in such election and in any
            subsequent election for Federal office is manufactured in the
            United States.''.
        (b) Conforming Amendment Relating to Effective Date.--Section
    301(d)(1) of such Act (52 U.S.C. 21081(d)(1)), as amended by section
    1508, is amended by striking ``paragraph (2)'' and inserting
    ``subsection (a)(10) and paragraph (2)''.

                      Subtitle I--Study and Report on Bots

    SEC. 3801. SHORT TITLE.

        This subtitle may be cited as the ``Bots Research Act''.

    SEC. 3802. TASK FORCE.

        (a) Establishment.--Not later than 90 days after the date of
    enactment of this Act, the Election Assistance Commission, in
    consultation with the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency,
    shall establish a task force to carry out the study and report required
    under section 3803.
        (b) Number and Appointment.--The task force shall be comprised of
    the following:
                (1) At least 1 expert representing the Government.
                (2) At least 1 expert representing academia.
                (3) At least 1 expert representing non-profit
            organizations.
                (4) At least 1 expert representing the social media
            industry.
                (5) At least 1 election official.
                (6) Any other expert that the Commission determines
            appropriate.
        (c) Qualifications.--The Commission shall select task force members
    to serve by virtue of their expertise in automation technology.
        (d) Deadline for Appointment.--Not later than 90 days after the
    date of enactment of this Act, the Commission shall appoint the members
    of the task force.
        (e) Compensation.--Members of the task force shall serve without
    pay and shall not receive travel expenses.
        (f) Task Force Support.--The Commission shall ensure appropriate
    staff and officials of the Commission are available to support any task
    force-related work.

    SEC. 3803. STUDY AND REPORT.

        (a) Study.--The task force established in this subtitle shall
    conduct a study of the impact of automated accounts on social media,
    public discourse, and elections. Such study shall include an assessment
    of--
                (1) what qualifies as a bot or automated account;
                (2) the extent to which automated accounts are used;
                (3) how the automated accounts are used; and
                (4) how to most effectively combat any use of automated
            accounts that negatively effects social media, public
            discourse, and elections while continuing to promote the
            protection of the First Amendment on the internet.
        (b) Task Force Considerations.--In carrying out the requirements of
    this section, the task force shall consider, at a minimum--
                (1) the promotion of technological innovation;
                (2) the protection of First Amendment and other
            constitutional rights of social media users;
                (3) the need to improve cybersecurity to ensure the
            integrity of elections; and
                (4) the importance of continuously reviewing relevant
            regulations to ensure that such regulations respond effectively
            to changes in technology.
        (c) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the establishment of the
    task force, the task force shall develop and submit to Congress and
    relevant Federal agencies the results and conclusions of the study
    conducted under subsection (a).

                            Subtitle J--Severability

    SEC. 3901. SEVERABILITY.

        If any provision of this title or amendment made by this title, or
    the application of a provision or amendment to any person or
    circumstance, is held to be unconstitutional, the remainder of this
    title and amendments made by this title, and the application of the
    provisions and amendment to any person or circumstance, shall not be
    affected by the holding.

                          DIVISION B--CAMPAIGN FINANCE

                    TITLE IV--CAMPAIGN FINANCE TRANSPARENCY

     Subtitle A--Establishing Duty To Report Foreign Election Interference

    Sec. 4001. Findings relating to illicit money undermining our
                                democracy.
    Sec. 4002. Federal campaign reporting of foreign contacts.
    Sec. 4003. Federal campaign foreign contact reporting compliance
                                system.
    Sec. 4004. Criminal penalties.
    Sec. 4005. Report to congressional intelligence committees.
    Sec. 4006. Rule of construction.
                            Subtitle B--DISCLOSE Act

    Sec. 4100. Short title.
      Part 1--Closing Loopholes Allowing Spending by Foreign Nationals in
                                   Elections

    Sec. 4101. Clarification of prohibition on participation by foreign
                                nationals in election-related activities.
    Sec. 4102. Clarification of application of foreign money ban to certain
                                disbursements and activities.
    Sec. 4103. Audit and report on illicit foreign money in Federal
                                elections.
    Sec. 4104. Prohibition on contributions and donations by foreign
                                nationals in connections with ballot
                                initiatives and referenda.
    Sec. 4105. Disbursements and activities subject to foreign money ban.
    Sec. 4106. Prohibiting establishment of corporation to conceal election
                                contributions and donations by foreign
                                nationals.
              Part 2--Reporting of Campaign-Related Disbursements

    Sec. 4111. Reporting of campaign-related disbursements.
    Sec. 4112. Application of foreign money ban to disbursements for
                                campaign-related disbursements consisting
                                of covered transfers.
    Sec. 4113. Effective date.
                      Part 3--Other Administrative Reforms

    Sec. 4121. Petition for certiorari.
    Sec. 4122. Judicial review of actions related to campaign finance laws.
    Part 4--Disclosure of Contributions to Political Committees Immediately
                               Prior to Election

    Sec. 4131. Disclosure of contributions to political committees
                                immediately prior to election.
      Subtitle C--Strengthening Oversight of Online Political Advertising

    Sec. 4201. Short title.
    Sec. 4202. Purpose.
    Sec. 4203. Findings.
    Sec. 4204. Sense of Congress.
    Sec. 4205. Expansion of definition of public communication.
    Sec. 4206. Expansion of definition of electioneering communication.
    Sec. 4207. Application of disclaimer statements to online
                                communications.
    Sec. 4208. Political record requirements for online platforms.
    Sec. 4209. Preventing contributions, expenditures, independent
                                expenditures, and disbursements for
                                electioneering communications by foreign
                                nationals in the form of online
                                advertising.
    Sec. 4210. Independent study on media literacy and online political
                                content consumption.
    Sec. 4211. Requiring online platforms to display notices identifying
                                sponsors of political advertisements and to
                                ensure notices continue to be present when
                                advertisements are shared.
                         Subtitle D--Stand By Every Ad

    Sec. 4301. Short title.
    Sec. 4302. Stand by every ad.
    Sec. 4303. Disclaimer requirements for communications made through
                                prerecorded telephone calls.
    Sec. 4304. No expansion of persons subject to disclaimer requirements
                                on internet communications.
    Sec. 4305. Effective date.
            Subtitle E--Deterring Foreign Interference in Elections

         Part 1--Deterrence Under Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971

    Sec. 4401. Restrictions on exchange of campaign information between
                                candidates and foreign powers.
    Sec. 4402. Clarification of standard for determining existence of
                                coordination between campaigns and outside
                                interests.
    Sec. 4403. Prohibition on provision of substantial assistance relating
                                to contribution or donation by foreign
                                nationals.
    Sec. 4404. Clarification of application of foreign money ban.
        Part 2--Notifying States of Disinformation Campaigns by Foreign
                                   Nationals

    Sec. 4411. Notifying States of disinformation campaigns by foreign
                                nationals.
           Part 3--Prohibiting Use of Deepfakes in Election Campaigns

    Sec. 4421. Prohibition on distribution of materially deceptive audio or
                                visual media prior to election.
    Part 4--Assessment of Exemption of Registration Requirements Under FARA
                            for Registered Lobbyists

    Sec. 4431. Assessment of exemption of registration requirements under
                                FARA for registered lobbyists.
                     Subtitle F--Secret Money Transparency

    Sec. 4501. Repeal of restriction of use of funds by Internal Revenue
                                Service to bring transparency to political
                                activity of certain nonprofit
                                organizations.
    Sec. 4502. Repeal of regulations.
                     Subtitle G--Shareholder Right-to-Know

    Sec. 4601. Repeal of restriction on use of funds by Securities and
                                Exchange Commission to ensure shareholders
                                of corporations have knowledge of
                                corporation political activity.
    Sec. 4602. Assessment of shareholder preferences for disbursements for
                                political purposes.
    Sec. 4603. Governance and operations of corporate PACs.
     Subtitle H--Disclosure of Political Spending by Government Contractors

    Sec. 4701. Repeal of restriction on use of funds to require disclosure
                                of political spending by government
                                contractors.
      Subtitle I--Limitation and Disclosure Requirements for Presidential
                              Inaugural Committees

    Sec. 4801. Short title.
    Sec. 4802. Limitations and disclosure of certain donations to, and
                                disbursements by, Inaugural Committees.
                      Subtitle J--Miscellaneous Provisions

    Sec. 4901. Effective dates of provisions.
    Sec. 4902. Severability.

     Subtitle A--Establishing Duty To Report Foreign Election Interference

    SEC. 4001. FINDINGS RELATING TO ILLICIT MONEY UNDERMINING OUR
                  DEMOCRACY.

        Congress finds the following:
                (1) Criminals, terrorists, and corrupt government officials
            frequently abuse anonymously held Limited Liability Companies
            (LLCs), also known as ``shell companies,'' to hide, move, and
            launder the dirty money derived from illicit activities such as
            trafficking, bribery, exploitation, and embezzlement. Ownership
            and control of the finances that run through shell companies
            are obscured to regulators and law enforcement because little
            information is required and collected when establishing these
            entities.
                (2) The public release of the ``Panama Papers'' in 2016 and
            the ``Paradise Papers'' in 2017 revealed that these shell
            companies often purchase and sell United States real estate.
            United States anti-money laundering laws do not apply to cash
            transactions involving real estate effectively concealing the
            beneficiaries and transactions from regulators and law
            enforcement.
                (3) Since the Supreme Court's decisions in Citizens United
            v. Federal Election Commission, 558 U.S. 310 (2010), millions
            of dollars have flowed into super PACs through LLCs whose
            funders are anonymous or intentionally obscured. Criminal
            investigations have uncovered LLCs that were used to hide
            illegal campaign contributions from foreign criminal fugitives,
            to advance international influence-buying schemes, and to
            conceal contributions from donors who were already under
            investigation for bribery and racketeering. Voters have no way
            to know the true sources of the money being routed through
            these LLCs to influence elections, including whether any of the
            funds come from foreign or other illicit sources.
                (4) Congress should curb the use of anonymous shell
            companies for illicit purposes by requiring United States
            companies to disclose their beneficial owners, strengthening
            anti-money laundering and counter-terrorism finance laws.
                (5) Congress should examine the money laundering and
            terrorist financing risks in the real estate market, including
            the role of anonymous parties, and review legislation to
            address any vulnerabilities identified in this sector.
                (6) Congress should examine the methods by which corruption
            flourishes and the means to detect and deter the financial
            misconduct that fuels this driver of global instability.
            Congress should monitor government efforts to enforce United
            States anti-corruption laws and regulations.

    SEC. 4002. FEDERAL CAMPAIGN REPORTING OF FOREIGN CONTACTS.

        (a) Initial Notice.--
                (1) In general.--Section 304 of the Federal Election
            Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30104) is amended by adding at
            the end the following new subsection:
        ``(j) Disclosure of Reportable Foreign Contacts.--
                ``(1) Committee obligation to notify.--Not later than 1
            week after a reportable foreign contact, each political
            committee shall notify the Federal Bureau of Investigation and
            the Commission of the reportable foreign contact and provide a
            summary of the circumstances with respect to such reportable
            foreign contact. The Federal Bureau of Investigation, not later
            than 1 week after receiving a notification from a political
            committee under this paragraph, shall submit to the political
            committee, the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence of
            the House of Representatives, and the Select Committee on
            Intelligence of the Senate written or electronic confirmation
            of receipt of the notification.
                ``(2) Individual obligation to notify.--Not later than 3
            days after a reportable foreign contact--
                        ``(A) each candidate and each immediate family
                    member of a candidate shall notify the treasurer or
                    other designated official of the principal campaign
                    committee of such candidate of the reportable foreign
                    contact and provide a summary of the circumstances with
                    respect to such reportable foreign contact; and
                        ``(B) each official, employee, or agent of a
                    political committee shall notify the treasurer or other
                    designated official of the committee of the reportable
                    foreign contact and provide a summary of the
                    circumstances with respect to such reportable foreign
                    contact.
                ``(3) Reportable foreign contact.--In this subsection:
                        ``(A) In general.--The term `reportable foreign
                    contact' means any direct or indirect contact or
                    communication that--
                                ``(i) is between--
                                        ``(I) a candidate, an immediate
                                    family member of the candidate, a
                                    political committee, or any official,
                                    employee, or agent of such committee;
                                    and
                                        ``(II) an individual that the
                                    person described in subclause (I)
                                    knows, has reason to know, or
                                    reasonably believes is a covered
                                    foreign national; and
                                ``(ii) the person described in clause
                            (i)(I) knows, has reason to know, or reasonably
                            believes involves--
                                        ``(I) an offer or other proposal
                                    for a contribution, donation,
                                    expenditure, disbursement, or
                                    solicitation described in section 319;
                                    or
                                        ``(II) coordination or
                                    collaboration with, an offer or
                                    provision of information or services to
                                    or from, or persistent and repeated
                                    contact with, a covered foreign
                                    national in connection with an
                                    election.
                        ``(B) Exceptions.--
                                ``(i) Contacts in official capacity as
                            elected official.--The term `reportable foreign
                            contact' shall not include any contact or
                            communication with a covered foreign national
                            by an elected official or an employee of an
                            elected official solely in an official capacity
                            as such an official or employee.
                                ``(ii) Contacts for purposes of enabling
                            observation of elections by international
                            observers.--The term `reportable foreign
                            contact' shall not include any contact or
                            communication with a covered foreign national
                            by any person which is made for purposes of
                            enabling the observation of elections in the
                            United States by a foreign national or the
                            observation of elections outside of the United
                            States by a candidate, political committee, or
                            any official, employee, or agent of such
                            committee.
                                ``(iii) Exceptions not applicable if
                            contacts or communications involve prohibited
                            disbursements.--A contact or communication by
                            an elected official or an employee of an
                            elected official shall not be considered to be
                            made solely in an official capacity for
                            purposes of clause (i), and a contact or
                            communication shall not be considered to be
                            made for purposes of enabling the observation
                            of elections for purposes of clause (ii), if
                            the contact or communication involves a
                            contribution, donation, expenditure,
                            disbursement, or solicitation described in
                            section 319.
                        ``(C) Covered foreign national defined.--
                                ``(i) In general.--In this paragraph, the
                            term `covered foreign national' means--
                                        ``(I) a foreign principal (as
                                    defined in section 1(b) of the Foreign
                                    Agents Registration Act of 1938 (22
                                    U.S.C. 611(b))) that is a government of
                                    a foreign country or a foreign
                                    political party;
                                        ``(II) any person who acts as an
                                    agent, representative, employee, or
                                    servant, or any person who acts in any
                                    other capacity at the order, request,
                                    or under the direction or control, of a
                                    foreign principal described in
                                    subclause (I) or of a person any of
                                    whose activities are directly or
                                    indirectly supervised, directed,
                                    controlled, financed, or subsidized in
                                    whole or in major part by a foreign
                                    principal described in subclause (I);
                                    or
                                        ``(III) any person included in the
                                    list of specially designated nationals
                                    and blocked persons maintained by the
                                    Office of Foreign Assets Control of the
                                    Department of the Treasury pursuant to
                                    authorities relating to the imposition
                                    of sanctions relating to the conduct of
                                    a foreign principal described in
                                    subclause (I).
                                ``(ii) Clarification regarding application
                            to citizens of the united states.--In the case
                            of a citizen of the United States, subclause
                            (II) of clause (i) applies only to the extent
                            that the person involved acts within the scope
                            of that person's status as the agent of a
                            foreign principal described in subclause (I) of
                            clause (i).
                ``(4) Immediate family member.--In this subsection, the
            term `immediate family member' means, with respect to a
            candidate, a parent, parent-in-law, spouse, adult child, or
            sibling.''.
                (2) Effective date.--The amendment made by paragraph (1)
            shall apply with respect to reportable foreign contacts which
            occur on or after the date of the enactment of this Act.
        (b) Information Included on Report.--
                (1) In general.--Section 304(b) of such Act (52 U.S.C.
            30104(b)) is amended--
                        (A) by striking ``and'' at the end of paragraph
                    (7);
                        (B) by striking the period at the end of paragraph
                    (8) and inserting ``; and''; and
                        (C) by adding at the end the following new
                    paragraph:
                ``(9) for any reportable foreign contact (as defined in
            subsection (j)(3))--
                        ``(A) the date, time, and location of the contact;
                        ``(B) the date and time of when a designated
                    official of the committee was notified of the contact;
                        ``(C) the identity of individuals involved; and
                        ``(D) a description of the contact, including the
                    nature of any contribution, donation, expenditure,
                    disbursement, or solicitation involved and the nature
                    of any activity described in subsection
                    (j)(3)(A)(ii)(II) involved.''.
                (2) Effective date.--The amendment made by paragraph (1)
            shall apply with respect to reports filed on or after the
            expiration of the 60-day period which begins on the date of the
            enactment of this Act.

    SEC. 4003. FEDERAL CAMPAIGN FOREIGN CONTACT REPORTING COMPLIANCE
                  SYSTEM.

        (a) In General.--Section 302 of the Federal Election Campaign Act
    of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30102) is amended by adding at the end the following
    new subsection:
        ``(j) Reportable Foreign Contacts Compliance Policy.--
                ``(1) Reporting.--Each political committee shall establish
            a policy that requires all officials, employees, and agents of
            such committee (and, in the case of an authorized committee,
            the candidate and each immediate family member of the
            candidate) to notify the treasurer or other appropriate
            designated official of the committee of any reportable foreign
            contact (as defined in section 304(j)) not later than 3 days
            after such contact was made.
                ``(2) Retention and preservation of records.--Each
            political committee shall establish a policy that provides for
            the retention and preservation of records and information
            related to reportable foreign contacts (as so defined) for a
            period of not less than 3 years.
                ``(3) Certification.--
                        ``(A) In general.--Upon filing its statement of
                    organization under section 303(a), and with each report
                    filed under section 304(a), the treasurer of each
                    political committee (other than an authorized
                    committee) shall certify that--
                                ``(i) the committee has in place policies
                            that meet the requirements of paragraphs (1)
                            and (2);
                                ``(ii) the committee has designated an
                            official to monitor compliance with such
                            policies; and
                                ``(iii) not later than 1 week after the
                            beginning of any formal or informal affiliation
                            with the committee, all officials, employees,
                            and agents of such committee will--
                                        ``(I) receive notice of such
                                    policies;
                                        ``(II) be informed of the
                                    prohibitions under section 319; and
                                        ``(III) sign a certification
                                    affirming their understanding of such
                                    policies and prohibitions.
                        ``(B) Authorized committees.--With respect to an
                    authorized committee, the candidate shall make the
                    certification required under subparagraph (A).''.
        (b) Effective Date.--
                (1) In general.--The amendment made by subsection (a) shall
            apply with respect to political committees which file a
            statement of organization under section 303(a) of the Federal
            Election Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30103(a)) on or after
            the date of the enactment of this Act.
                (2) Transition rule for existing committees.--Not later
            than 30 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, each
            political committee under the Federal Election Campaign Act of
            1971 shall file a certification with the Federal Election
            Commission that the committee is in compliance with the
            requirements of section 302(j) of such Act (as added by
            subsection (a)).

    SEC. 4004. CRIMINAL PENALTIES.

        Section 309(d)(1) of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (52
    U.S.C. 30109(d)(1)) is amended by adding at the end the following new
    subparagraphs:
        ``(E) Any person who knowingly and willfully commits a violation of
    subsection (j) or (b)(9) of section 304 or section 302(j) shall be
    fined not more than $500,000, imprisoned not more than 5 years, or
    both.
        ``(F) Any person who knowingly and willfully conceals or destroys
    any materials relating to a reportable foreign contact (as defined in
    section 304(j)) shall be fined not more than $1,000,000, imprisoned not
    more than 5 years, or both.''.

    SEC. 4005. REPORT TO CONGRESSIONAL INTELLIGENCE COMMITTEES.

        (a) In General.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment
    of this Act, and annually thereafter, the Director of the Federal
    Bureau of Investigation shall submit to the congressional intelligence
    committees a report relating to notifications received by the Federal
    Bureau of Investigation under section 304(j)(1) of the Federal Election
    Campaign Act of 1971 (as added by section 4002(a) of this Act).
        (b) Elements.--Each report under subsection (a) shall include, at a
    minimum, the following with respect to notifications described in
    subsection (a):
                (1) The number of such notifications received from
            political committees during the year covered by the report.
                (2) A description of protocols and procedures developed by
            the Federal Bureau of Investigation relating to receipt and
            maintenance of records relating to such notifications.
                (3) With respect to such notifications received during the
            year covered by the report, a description of any subsequent
            actions taken by the Director resulting from the receipt of
            such notifications.
        (c) Congressional Intelligence Committees Defined.--In this
    section, the term ``congressional intelligence committees'' has the
    meaning given that term in section 3 of the National Security Act of
    1947 (50 U.S.C. 3003).

    SEC. 4006. RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.

        Nothing in this subtitle or the amendments made by this subtitle
    shall be construed--
                (1) to impede legitimate journalistic activities; or
                (2) to impose any additional limitation on the right to
            express political views or to participate in public discourse
            of any individual who--
                        (A) resides in the United States;
                        (B) is not a citizen of the United States or a
                    national of the United States, as defined in section
                    101(a)(22) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8
                    U.S.C. 1101(a)(22)); and
                        (C) is not lawfully admitted for permanent
                    residence, as defined by section 101(a)(20) of the
                    Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101(a)(20)).

                            Subtitle B--DISCLOSE Act

    SEC. 4100. SHORT TITLE.

        This subtitle may be cited as the ``Democracy Is Strengthened by
    Casting Light On Spending in Elections Act of 2021'' or the ``DISCLOSE
    Act of 2021''.

      PART 1--CLOSING LOOPHOLES ALLOWING SPENDING BY FOREIGN NATIONALS IN
                                   ELECTIONS

    SEC. 4101. CLARIFICATION OF PROHIBITION ON PARTICIPATION BY FOREIGN
                  NATIONALS IN ELECTION-RELATED ACTIVITIES.

        (a) Clarification of Prohibition.--Section 319(a) of the Federal
    Election Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30121(a)) is amended--
                (1) by striking ``or'' at the end of paragraph (1);
                (2) by striking the period at the end of paragraph (2) and
            inserting ``; or''; and
                (3) by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
                ``(3) a foreign national to direct, dictate, control, or
            directly or indirectly participate in the decision making
            process of any person (including a corporation, labor
            organization, political committee, or political organization)
            with regard to such person's Federal or non-Federal election-
            related activity, including any decision concerning the making
            of contributions, donations, expenditures, or disbursements in
            connection with an election for any Federal, State, or local
            office or any decision concerning the administration of a
            political committee.''.
        (b) Certification of Compliance.--Section 319 of such Act (52
    U.S.C. 30121) is amended by adding at the end the following new
    subsection:
        ``(c) Certification of Compliance Required Prior To Carrying Out
    Activity.--Prior to the making in connection with an election for
    Federal office of any contribution, donation, expenditure, independent
    expenditure, or disbursement for an electioneering communication by a
    corporation, labor organization (as defined in section 316(b)), limited
    liability corporation, or partnership during a year, the chief
    executive officer of the corporation, labor organization, limited
    liability corporation, or partnership (or, if the corporation, labor
    organization, limited liability corporation, or partnership does not
    have a chief executive officer, the highest ranking official of the
    corporation, labor organization, limited liability corporation, or
    partnership), shall file a certification with the Commission, under
    penalty of perjury, that a foreign national did not direct, dictate,
    control, or directly or indirectly participate in the decision making
    process relating to such activity in violation of subsection (a)(3),
    unless the chief executive officer has previously filed such a
    certification during that calendar year.''.
        (c) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall take
    effect upon the expiration of the 180-day period which begins on the
    date of the enactment of this Act, and shall take effect without regard
    to whether or not the Federal Election Commission has promulgated
    regulations to carry out such amendments.

    SEC. 4102. CLARIFICATION OF APPLICATION OF FOREIGN MONEY BAN TO CERTAIN
                  DISBURSEMENTS AND ACTIVITIES.

        (a) Application to Disbursements to Super PACs and Other Persons.--
    Section 319(a)(1)(A) of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (52
    U.S.C. 30121(a)(1)(A)) is amended by striking the semicolon and
    inserting the following: ``, including any disbursement to a political
    committee which accepts donations or contributions that do not comply
    with any of the limitations, prohibitions, and reporting requirements
    of this Act (or any disbursement to or on behalf of any account of a
    political committee which is established for the purpose of accepting
    such donations or contributions), or to any other person for the
    purpose of funding an expenditure, independent expenditure, or
    electioneering communication (as defined in section 304(f)(3));''.
        (b) Conditions Under Which Corporate PACs May Make Contributions
    and Expenditures.--Section 316(b) of such Act (52 U.S.C. 30118(b)) is
    amended by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
        ``(8) A separate segregated fund established by a corporation may
    not make a contribution or expenditure during a year unless the fund
    has certified to the Commission the following during the year:
                ``(A) Each individual who manages the fund, and who is
            responsible for exercising decisionmaking authority for the
            fund, is a citizen of the United States or is lawfully admitted
            for permanent residence in the United States.
                ``(B) No foreign national under section 319 participates in
            any way in the decisionmaking processes of the fund with regard
            to contributions or expenditures under this Act.
                ``(C) The fund does not solicit or accept recommendations
            from any foreign national under section 319 with respect to the
            contributions or expenditures made by the fund.
                ``(D) Any member of the board of directors of the
            corporation who is a foreign national under section 319
            abstains from voting on matters concerning the fund or its
            activities.''.

    SEC. 4103. AUDIT AND REPORT ON ILLICIT FOREIGN MONEY IN FEDERAL
                  ELECTIONS.

        (a) In General.--Title III of the Federal Election Campaign Act of
    1971 (52 U.S.C. 30101 et seq.), as amended by section 1821, is further
    amended by inserting after section 319A the following new section:

    ``SEC. 319B. AUDIT AND REPORT ON DISBURSEMENTS BY FOREIGN NATIONALS.

        ``(a) Audit.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Commission shall conduct an audit
            after each Federal election cycle to determine the incidence of
            illicit foreign money in such Federal election cycle.
                ``(2) Procedures.--In carrying out paragraph (1), the
            Commission shall conduct random audits of any disbursements
            required to be reported under this Act, in accordance with
            procedures established by the Commission.
        ``(b) Report.--Not later than 180 days after the end of each
    Federal election cycle, the Commission shall submit to Congress a
    report containing--
                ``(1) results of the audit required by subsection (a)(1);
                ``(2) an analysis of the extent to which illicit foreign
            money was used to carry out disinformation and propaganda
            campaigns focused on depressing turnout among rural communities
            and the success or failure of these efforts, together with
            recommendations to address these efforts in future elections;
                ``(3) an analysis of the extent to which illicit foreign
            money was used to carry out disinformation and propaganda
            campaigns focused on depressing turnout among African-American
            and other minority communities and the success or failure of
            these efforts, together with recommendations to address these
            efforts in future elections;
                ``(4) an analysis of the extent to which illicit foreign
            money was used to carry out disinformation and propaganda
            campaigns focused on influencing military and veteran
            communities and the success or failure of these efforts,
            together with recommendations to address these efforts in
            future elections; and
                ``(5) recommendations to address the presence of illicit
            foreign money in elections, as appropriate.
        ``(c) Definitions.--As used in this section:
                ``(1) The term `Federal election cycle' means the period
            which begins on the day after the date of a regularly scheduled
            general election for Federal office and which ends on the date
            of the first regularly scheduled general election for Federal
            office held after such date.
                ``(2) The term `illicit foreign money' means any
            disbursement by a foreign national (as defined in section
            319(b)) prohibited under such section.''.
        (b) Effective Date.--The amendment made by subsection (a) shall
    apply with respect to the Federal election cycle that began during
    November 2020, and each succeeding Federal election cycle.

    SEC. 4104. PROHIBITION ON CONTRIBUTIONS AND DONATIONS BY FOREIGN
                  NATIONALS IN CONNECTIONS WITH BALLOT INITIATIVES AND
                  REFERENDA.

        (a) In General.--Section 319(a)(1)(A) of the Federal Election
    Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30121(a)(1)(A)) is amended by striking
    ``State, or local election'' and inserting the following: ``State, or
    local election, including a State or local ballot initiative or
    referendum''.
        (b) Effective Date.--The amendment made by this section shall apply
    with respect to elections held in 2022 or any succeeding year.

    SEC. 4105. DISBURSEMENTS AND ACTIVITIES SUBJECT TO FOREIGN MONEY BAN.

        (a) Disbursements Described.--Section 319(a)(1) of the Federal
    Election Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30121(a)(1)) is amended--
                (1) by striking ``or'' at the end of subparagraph (B); and
                (2) by striking subparagraph (C) and inserting the
            following:
                        ``(C) an expenditure;
                        ``(D) an independent expenditure;
                        ``(E) a disbursement for an electioneering
                    communication (within the meaning of section
                    304(f)(3));
                        ``(F) a disbursement for a communication which is
                    placed or promoted for a fee on a website, web
                    application, or digital application that refers to a
                    clearly identified candidate for election for Federal
                    office and is disseminated within 60 days before a
                    general, special, or runoff election for the office
                    sought by the candidate or 30 days before a primary or
                    preference election, or a convention or caucus of a
                    political party that has authority to nominate a
                    candidate for the office sought by the candidate;
                        ``(G) a disbursement for a broadcast, cable or
                    satellite communication, or for a communication which
                    is placed or promoted for a fee on a website, web
                    application, or digital application, that promotes,
                    supports, attacks, or opposes the election of a clearly
                    identified candidate for Federal, State, or local
                    office (regardless of whether the communication
                    contains express advocacy or the functional equivalent
                    of express advocacy);
                        ``(H) a disbursement for a broadcast, cable, or
                    satellite communication, or for any communication which
                    is placed or promoted for a fee on an online platform
                    (as defined in section 304(k)(3)), that discusses a
                    national legislative issue of public importance in a
                    year in which a regularly scheduled general election
                    for Federal office is held, but only if the
                    disbursement is made by a covered foreign national
                    described in section 304(j)(3)(C);
                        ``(I) a disbursement by a covered foreign national
                    described in section 304(j)(3)(C) to compensate any
                    person for internet activity that promotes, supports,
                    attacks, or opposes the election of a clearly
                    identified candidate for Federal, State, or local
                    office (regardless of whether the activity contains
                    express advocacy or the functional equivalent of
                    express advocacy); and
                        ``(J) a disbursement for a Federal judicial
                    nomination communication (as defined in section
                    324(d)(2)).''.
        (b) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall
    apply with respect to disbursements made on or after the date of the
    enactment of this Act.

    SEC. 4106. PROHIBITING ESTABLISHMENT OF CORPORATION TO CONCEAL ELECTION
                  CONTRIBUTIONS AND DONATIONS BY FOREIGN NATIONALS.

        (a) Prohibition.--Chapter 29 of title 18, United States Code, as
    amended by section 1071(a) and section 1201(a), is amended by adding at
    the end the following:
    ``Sec. 614. Establishment of corporation to conceal election
                  contributions and donations by foreign nationals
        ``(a) Offense.--It shall be unlawful for an owner, officer,
    attorney, or incorporation agent of a corporation, company, or other
    entity to establish or use the corporation, company, or other entity
    with the intent to conceal an activity of a foreign national (as
    defined in section 319 of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (52
    U.S.C. 30121)) prohibited under such section 319.
        ``(b) Penalty.--Any person who violates subsection (a) shall be
    imprisoned for not more than 5 years, fined under this title, or
    both.''.
        (b) Table of Sections.--The table of sections for chapter 29 of
    title 18, United States Code, as amended by section 1071(b) and section
    1201(b), is amended by inserting after the item relating to section 613
    the following:

    ``614. Establishment of corporation to conceal election contributions
                                and donations by foreign nationals.''.

              PART 2--REPORTING OF CAMPAIGN-RELATED DISBURSEMENTS

    SEC. 4111. REPORTING OF CAMPAIGN-RELATED DISBURSEMENTS.

        (a) Disclosure Requirements for Corporations, Labor Organizations,
    and Certain Other Entities.--
                (1) In general.--Section 324 of the Federal Election
            Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30126) is amended to read as
            follows:

    ``SEC. 324. DISCLOSURE OF CAMPAIGN-RELATED DISBURSEMENTS BY COVERED
                  ORGANIZATIONS.

        ``(a) Disclosure Statement.--
                ``(1) In general.--Any covered organization that makes
            campaign-related disbursements aggregating more than $10,000 in
            an election reporting cycle shall, not later than 24 hours
            after each disclosure date, file a statement with the
            Commission made under penalty of perjury that contains the
            information described in paragraph (2)--
                        ``(A) in the case of the first statement filed
                    under this subsection, for the period beginning on the
                    first day of the election reporting cycle (or, if
                    earlier, the period beginning one year before the first
                    such disclosure date) and ending on the first such
                    disclosure date; and
                        ``(B) in the case of any subsequent statement filed
                    under this subsection, for the period beginning on the
                    previous disclosure date and ending on such disclosure
                    date.
                ``(2) Information described.--The information described in
            this paragraph is as follows:
                        ``(A) The name of the covered organization and the
                    principal place of business of such organization and,
                    in the case of a covered organization that is a
                    corporation (other than a business concern that is an
                    issuer of a class of securities registered under
                    section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15
                    U.S.C. 78l) or that is required to file reports under
                    section 15(d) of that Act (15 U.S.C. 78o(d))) or an
                    entity described in subsection (e)(2), a list of the
                    beneficial owners (as defined in paragraph (4)(A)) of
                    the entity that--
                                ``(i) identifies each beneficial owner by
                            name and current residential or business street
                            address; and
                                ``(ii) if any beneficial owner exercises
                            control over the entity through another legal
                            entity, such as a corporation, partnership,
                            limited liability company, or trust, identifies
                            each such other legal entity and each such
                            beneficial owner who will use that other entity
                            to exercise control over the entity.
                        ``(B) The amount of each campaign-related
                    disbursement made by such organization during the
                    period covered by the statement of more than $1,000,
                    and the name and address of the person to whom the
                    disbursement was made.
                        ``(C) In the case of a campaign-related
                    disbursement that is not a covered transfer, the
                    election to which the campaign-related disbursement
                    pertains and if the disbursement is made for a public
                    communication, the name of any candidate identified in
                    such communication and whether such communication is in
                    support of or in opposition to a candidate.
                        ``(D) A certification by the chief executive
                    officer or person who is the head of the covered
                    organization that the campaign-related disbursement is
                    not made in cooperation, consultation, or concert with
                    or at the request or suggestion of a candidate,
                    authorized committee, or agent of a candidate,
                    political party, or agent of a political party.
                        ``(E)(i) If the covered organization makes
                    campaign-related disbursements using exclusively funds
                    in a segregated bank account consisting of funds that
                    were paid directly to such account by persons other
                    than the covered organization that controls the
                    account, for each such payment to the account--
                                ``(I) the name and address of each person
                            who made such payment during the period covered
                            by the statement;
                                ``(II) the date and amount of such payment;
                            and
                                ``(III) the aggregate amount of all such
                            payments made by the person during the period
                            beginning on the first day of the election
                            reporting cycle (or, if earlier, the period
                            beginning one year before the disclosure date)
                            and ending on the disclosure date,
                    but only if such payment was made by a person who made
                    payments to the account in an aggregate amount of
                    $10,000 or more during the period beginning on the
                    first day of the election reporting cycle (or, if
                    earlier, the period beginning one year before the
                    disclosure date) and ending on the disclosure date.
                        ``(ii) In any calendar year after 2022, section
                    315(c)(1)(B) shall apply to the amount described in
                    clause (i) in the same manner as such section applies
                    to the limitations established under subsections
                    (a)(1)(A), (a)(1)(B), (a)(3), and (h) of such section,
                    except that for purposes of applying such section to
                    the amounts described in subsection (b), the `base
                    period' shall be 2022.
                        ``(F)(i) If the covered organization makes
                    campaign-related disbursements using funds other than
                    funds in a segregated bank account described in
                    subparagraph (E), for each payment to the covered
                    organization--
                                ``(I) the name and address of each person
                            who made such payment during the period covered
                            by the statement;
                                ``(II) the date and amount of such payment;
                            and
                                ``(III) the aggregate amount of all such
                            payments made by the person during the period
                            beginning on the first day of the election
                            reporting cycle (or, if earlier, the period
                            beginning one year before the disclosure date)
                            and ending on the disclosure date,
                    but only if such payment was made by a person who made
                    payments to the covered organization in an aggregate
                    amount of $10,000 or more during the period beginning
                    on the first day of the election reporting cycle (or,
                    if earlier, the period beginning one year before the
                    disclosure date) and ending on the disclosure date.
                        ``(ii) In any calendar year after 2022, section
                    315(c)(1)(B) shall apply to the amount described in
                    clause (i) in the same manner as such section applies
                    to the limitations established under subsections
                    (a)(1)(A), (a)(1)(B), (a)(3), and (h) of such section,
                    except that for purposes of applying such section to
                    the amounts described in subsection (b), the `base
                    period' shall be 2022.
                        ``(G) Such other information as required in rules
                    established by the Commission to promote the purposes
                    of this section.
                ``(3) Exceptions.--
                        ``(A) Amounts received in ordinary course of
                    business.--The requirement to include in a statement
                    filed under paragraph (1) the information described in
                    paragraph (2) shall not apply to amounts received by
                    the covered organization in commercial transactions in
                    the ordinary course of any trade or business conducted
                    by the covered organization or in the form of
                    investments (other than investments by the principal
                    shareholder in a limited liability corporation) in the
                    covered organization. For purposes of this
                    subparagraph, amounts received by a covered
                    organization as remittances from an employee to the
                    employee's collective bargaining representative shall
                    be treated as amounts received in commercial
                    transactions in the ordinary course of the business
                    conducted by the covered organization.
                        ``(B) Donor restriction on use of funds.--The
                    requirement to include in a statement submitted under
                    paragraph (1) the information described in subparagraph
                    (F) of paragraph (2) shall not apply if--
                                ``(i) the person described in such
                            subparagraph prohibited, in writing, the use of
                            the payment made by such person for campaign-
                            related disbursements; and
                                ``(ii) the covered organization agreed to
                            follow the prohibition and deposited the
                            payment in an account which is segregated from
                            any account used to make campaign-related
                            disbursements.
                        ``(C) Threat of harassment or reprisal.--The
                    requirement to include any information relating to the
                    name or address of any person (other than a candidate)
                    in a statement submitted under paragraph (1) shall not
                    apply if the inclusion of the information would subject
                    the person to serious threats, harassment, or
                    reprisals.
                ``(4) Other definitions.--For purposes of this section:
                        ``(A) Beneficial owner defined.--
                                ``(i) In general.--Except as provided in
                            clause (ii), the term `beneficial owner' means,
                            with respect to any entity, a natural person
                            who, directly or indirectly--
                                        ``(I) exercises substantial control
                                    over an entity through ownership,
                                    voting rights, agreement, or otherwise;
                                    or
                                        ``(II) has a substantial interest
                                    in or receives substantial economic
                                    benefits from the assets of an entity.
                                ``(ii) Exceptions.--The term `beneficial
                            owner' shall not include--
                                        ``(I) a minor child;
                                        ``(II) a person acting as a
                                    nominee, intermediary, custodian, or
                                    agent on behalf of another person;
                                        ``(III) a person acting solely as
                                    an employee of an entity and whose
                                    control over or economic benefits from
                                    the entity derives solely from the
                                    employment status of the person;
                                        ``(IV) a person whose only interest
                                    in an entity is through a right of
                                    inheritance, unless the person also
                                    meets the requirements of clause (i);
                                    or
                                        ``(V) a creditor of an entity,
                                    unless the creditor also meets the
                                    requirements of clause (i).
                                ``(iii) Anti-abuse rule.--The exceptions
                            under clause (ii) shall not apply if used for
                            the purpose of evading, circumventing, or
                            abusing the provisions of clause (i) or
                            paragraph (2)(A).
                        ``(B) Disclosure date.--The term `disclosure date'
                    means--
                                ``(i) the first date during any election
                            reporting cycle by which a person has made
                            campaign-related disbursements aggregating more
                            than $10,000; and
                                ``(ii) any other date during such election
                            reporting cycle by which a person has made
                            campaign-related disbursements aggregating more
                            than $10,000 since the most recent disclosure
                            date for such election reporting cycle.
                        ``(C) Election reporting cycle.--The term `election
                    reporting cycle' means the 2-year period beginning on
                    the date of the most recent general election for
                    Federal office, except that in the case of a campaign-
                    related disbursement for a Federal judicial nomination
                    communication, such term means any calendar year in
                    which the campaign-related disbursement is made.
                        ``(D) Payment.--The term `payment' includes any
                    contribution, donation, transfer, payment of dues, or
                    other payment.
        ``(b) Coordination With Other Provisions.--
                ``(1) Other reports filed with the commission.--Information
            included in a statement filed under this section may be
            excluded from statements and reports filed under section 304.
                ``(2) Treatment as separate segregated fund.--A segregated
            bank account referred to in subsection (a)(2)(E) may be treated
            as a separate segregated fund for purposes of section 527(f)(3)
            of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986.
        ``(c) Filing.--Statements required to be filed under subsection (a)
    shall be subject to the requirements of section 304(d) to the same
    extent and in the same manner as if such reports had been required
    under subsection (c) or (g) of section 304.
        ``(d) Campaign-Related Disbursement Defined.--
                ``(1) In general.--In this section, the term `campaign-
            related disbursement' means a disbursement by a covered
            organization for any of the following:
                        ``(A) An independent expenditure which expressly
                    advocates the election or defeat of a clearly
                    identified candidate for election for Federal office,
                    or is the functional equivalent of express advocacy
                    because, when taken as a whole, it can be interpreted
                    by a reasonable person only as advocating the election
                    or defeat of a candidate for election for Federal
                    office.
                        ``(B) Any public communication which refers to a
                    clearly identified candidate for election for Federal
                    office and which promotes or supports the election of a
                    candidate for that office, or attacks or opposes the
                    election of a candidate for that office, without regard
                    to whether the communication expressly advocates a vote
                    for or against a candidate for that office.
                        ``(C) An electioneering communication, as defined
                    in section 304(f)(3).
                        ``(D) A Federal judicial nomination communication.
                        ``(E) A covered transfer.
                ``(2) Federal judicial nomination communication.--
                        ``(A) In general.--The term `Federal judicial
                    nomination communication' means any communication--
                                ``(i) that is by means of any broadcast,
                            cable, or satellite, paid internet, or paid
                            digital communication, paid promotion,
                            newspaper, magazine, outdoor advertising
                            facility, mass mailing, telephone bank,
                            telephone messaging effort of more than 500
                            substantially similar calls or electronic
                            messages within a 30-day period, or any other
                            form of general public political advertising;
                            and
                                ``(ii) which promotes, supports, attacks,
                            or opposes the nomination or Senate
                            confirmation of an individual as a Federal
                            judge or justice.
                        ``(B) Exception.--Such term shall not include any
                    news story, commentary, or editorial distributed
                    through the facilities of any broadcasting station or
                    any print, online, or digital newspaper, magazine,
                    publication, or periodical, unless such facilities are
                    owned or controlled by any political party, political
                    committee, or candidate.
                ``(3) Exception.--The term `campaign-related disbursement'
            does not include any news story, commentary, or editorial
            distributed through the facilities of any broadcasting station
            or any print, online, or digital newspaper, magazine,
            publication, or periodical, unless such facilities are owned or
            controlled by any political party, political committee, or
            candidate.
                ``(4) Intent not required.--A disbursement for an item
            described in subparagraph (A), (B), (C), (D), or (E) of
            paragraph (1) shall be treated as a campaign-related
            disbursement regardless of the intent of the person making the
            disbursement.
        ``(e) Covered Organization Defined.--In this section, the term
    `covered organization' means any of the following:
                ``(1) A corporation (other than an organization described
            in section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986).
                ``(2) A limited liability corporation that is not otherwise
            treated as a corporation for purposes of this Act (other than
            an organization described in section 501(c)(3) of the Internal
            Revenue Code of 1986).
                ``(3) An organization described in section 501(c) of such
            Code and exempt from taxation under section 501(a) of such Code
            (other than an organization described in section 501(c)(3) of
            such Code).
                ``(4) A labor organization (as defined in section 316(b)).
                ``(5) Any political organization under section 527 of the
            Internal Revenue Code of 1986, other than a political committee
            under this Act (except as provided in paragraph (6)).
                ``(6) A political committee with an account that accepts
            donations or contributions that do not comply with the
            contribution limits or source prohibitions under this Act, but
            only with respect to such accounts.
        ``(f) Covered Transfer Defined.--
                ``(1) In general.--In this section, the term `covered
            transfer' means any transfer or payment of funds by a covered
            organization to another person if the covered organization--
                        ``(A) designates, requests, or suggests that the
                    amounts be used for--
                                ``(i) campaign-related disbursements (other
                            than covered transfers); or
                                ``(ii) making a transfer to another person
                            for the purpose of making or paying for such
                            campaign-related disbursements;
                        ``(B) made such transfer or payment in response to
                    a solicitation or other request for a donation or
                    payment for--
                                ``(i) the making of or paying for campaign-
                            related disbursements (other than covered
                            transfers); or
                                ``(ii) making a transfer to another person
                            for the purpose of making or paying for such
                            campaign-related disbursements;
                        ``(C) engaged in discussions with the recipient of
                    the transfer or payment regarding--
                                ``(i) the making of or paying for campaign-
                            related disbursements (other than covered
                            transfers); or
                                ``(ii) donating or transferring any amount
                            of such transfer or payment to another person
                            for the purpose of making or paying for such
                            campaign-related disbursements;
                        ``(D) made campaign-related disbursements (other
                    than a covered transfer) in an aggregate amount of
                    $50,000 or more during the 2-year period ending on the
                    date of the transfer or payment, or knew or had reason
                    to know that the person receiving the transfer or
                    payment made such disbursements in such an aggregate
                    amount during that 2-year period; or
                        ``(E) knew or had reason to know that the person
                    receiving the transfer or payment would make campaign-
                    related disbursements in an aggregate amount of $50,000
                    or more during the 2-year period beginning on the date
                    of the transfer or payment.
                ``(2) Exclusions.--The term `covered transfer' does not
            include any of the following:
                        ``(A) A disbursement made by a covered organization
                    in a commercial transaction in the ordinary course of
                    any trade or business conducted by the covered
                    organization or in the form of investments made by the
                    covered organization.
                        ``(B) A disbursement made by a covered organization
                    if--
                                ``(i) the covered organization prohibited,
                            in writing, the use of such disbursement for
                            campaign-related disbursements; and
                                ``(ii) the recipient of the disbursement
                            agreed to follow the prohibition and deposited
                            the disbursement in an account which is
                            segregated from any account used to make
                            campaign-related disbursements.
                ``(3) Special rule regarding transfers among affiliates.--
                        ``(A) Special rule.--A transfer of an amount by one
                    covered organization to another covered organization
                    which is treated as a transfer between affiliates under
                    subparagraph (C) shall be considered a covered transfer
                    by the covered organization which transfers the amount
                    only if the aggregate amount transferred during the
                    year by such covered organization to that same covered
                    organization is equal to or greater than $50,000.
                        ``(B) Determination of amount of certain payments
                    among affiliates.--In determining the amount of a
                    transfer between affiliates for purposes of
                    subparagraph (A), to the extent that the transfer
                    consists of funds attributable to dues, fees, or
                    assessments which are paid by individuals on a regular,
                    periodic basis in accordance with a per-individual
                    calculation which is made on a regular basis, the
                    transfer shall be attributed to the individuals paying
                    the dues, fees, or assessments and shall not be
                    attributed to the covered organization.
                        ``(C) Description of transfers between
                    affiliates.--A transfer of amounts from one covered
                    organization to another covered organization shall be
                    treated as a transfer between affiliates if--
                                ``(i) one of the organizations is an
                            affiliate of the other organization; or
                                ``(ii) each of the organizations is an
                            affiliate of the same organization,
                    except that the transfer shall not be treated as a
                    transfer between affiliates if one of the organizations
                    is established for the purpose of making campaign-
                    related disbursements.
                        ``(D) Determination of affiliate status.--For
                    purposes of subparagraph (C), a covered organization is
                    an affiliate of another covered organization if--
                                ``(i) the governing instrument of the
                            organization requires it to be bound by
                            decisions of the other organization;
                                ``(ii) the governing board of the
                            organization includes persons who are
                            specifically designated representatives of the
                            other organization or are members of the
                            governing board, officers, or paid executive
                            staff members of the other organization, or
                            whose service on the governing board is
                            contingent upon the approval of the other
                            organization; or
                                ``(iii) the organization is chartered by
                            the other organization.
                        ``(E) Coverage of transfers to affiliated section
                    501(c)(3) organizations.--This paragraph shall apply
                    with respect to an amount transferred by a covered
                    organization to an organization described in paragraph
                    (3) of section 501(c) of the Internal Revenue Code of
                    1986 and exempt from tax under section 501(a) of such
                    Code in the same manner as this paragraph applies to an
                    amount transferred by a covered organization to another
                    covered organization.
        ``(g) No Effect on Other Reporting Requirements.--Nothing in this
    section shall be construed to waive or otherwise affect any other
    requirement of this Act which relates to the reporting of campaign-
    related disbursements.''.
                (2) Conforming amendment.--Section 304(f)(6) of such Act
            (52 U.S.C. 30104) is amended by striking ``Any requirement''
            and inserting ``Except as provided in section 324(b), any
            requirement''.
        (b) Coordination With FinCEN.--
                (1) In general.--The Director of the Financial Crimes
            Enforcement Network of the Department of the Treasury shall
            provide the Federal Election Commission with such information
            as necessary to assist in administering and enforcing section
            324 of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971, as added by
            this section.
                (2) Report.--Not later than 6 months after the date of the
            enactment of this Act, the Chairman of the Federal Election
            Commission, in consultation with the Director of the Financial
            Crimes Enforcement Network of the Department of the Treasury,
            shall submit to Congress a report with recommendations for
            providing further legislative authority to assist in the
            administration and enforcement of such section 324.

    SEC. 4112. APPLICATION OF FOREIGN MONEY BAN TO DISBURSEMENTS FOR
                  CAMPAIGN-RELATED DISBURSEMENTS CONSISTING OF COVERED
                  TRANSFERS.

        Section 319(a)(1)(A) of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971
    (52 U.S.C. 30121(a)(1)(A)), as amended by section 4102, is amended by
    striking the semicolon at the end and inserting the following: ``, and
    any disbursement, other than an disbursement described in section
    324(a)(3)(A), to another person who made a campaign-related
    disbursement consisting of a covered transfer (as described in section
    324) during the 2-year period ending on the date of the
    disbursement;''.

    SEC. 4113. EFFECTIVE DATE.

        The amendments made by this part shall apply with respect to
    disbursements made on or after January 1, 2022, and shall take effect
    without regard to whether or not the Federal Election Commission has
    promulgated regulations to carry out such amendments.

                      PART 3--OTHER ADMINISTRATIVE REFORMS

    SEC. 4121. PETITION FOR CERTIORARI.

        Section 307(a)(6) of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (52
    U.S.C. 30107(a)(6)) is amended by inserting ``(including a proceeding
    before the Supreme Court on certiorari)'' after ``appeal''.

    SEC. 4122. JUDICIAL REVIEW OF ACTIONS RELATED TO CAMPAIGN FINANCE LAWS.

        (a) In General.--Title IV of the Federal Election Campaign Act of
    1971 (52 U.S.C. 30141 et seq.) is amended by inserting after section
    406 the following new section:

    ``SEC. 407. JUDICIAL REVIEW.

        ``(a) In General.--Notwithstanding section 373(f), if any action is
    brought for declaratory or injunctive relief to challenge, whether
    facially or as-applied, the constitutionality or lawfulness of any
    provision of this Act or of chapter 95 or 96 of the Internal Revenue
    Code of 1986, or is brought to with respect to any action of the
    Commission under chapter 95 or 96 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986,
    the following rules shall apply:
                ``(1) The action shall be filed in the United States
            District Court for the District of Columbia and an appeal from
            the decision of the district court may be taken to the Court of
            Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit.
                ``(2) In the case of an action relating to declaratory or
            injunctive relief to challenge the constitutionality of a
            provision, the party filing the action shall concurrently
            deliver a copy the complaint to the Clerk of the House of
            Representatives and the Secretary of the Senate.
                ``(3) It shall be the duty of the United States District
            Court for the District of Columbia and the Court of Appeals for
            the District of Columbia Circuit to advance on the docket and
            to expedite to the greatest possible extent the disposition of
            the action and appeal.
        ``(b) Clarifying Scope of Jurisdiction.--If an action at the time
    of its commencement is not subject to subsection (a), but an amendment,
    counterclaim, cross-claim, affirmative defense, or any other pleading
    or motion is filed challenging, whether facially or as-applied, the
    constitutionality or lawfulness of this Act or of chapter 95 or 96 of
    the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, or is brought to with respect to any
    action of the Commission under chapter 95 or 96 of the Internal Revenue
    Code of 1986, the district court shall transfer the action to the
    District Court for the District of Columbia, and the action shall
    thereafter be conducted pursuant to subsection (a).
        ``(c) Intervention by Members of Congress.--In any action described
    in subsection (a) relating to declaratory or injunctive relief to
    challenge the constitutionality of a provision, any Member of the House
    of Representatives (including a Delegate or Resident Commissioner to
    the Congress) or Senate shall have the right to intervene either in
    support of or opposition to the position of a party to the case
    regarding the constitutionality of the provision. To avoid duplication
    of efforts and reduce the burdens placed on the parties to the action,
    the court in any such action may make such orders as it considers
    necessary, including orders to require interveners taking similar
    positions to file joint papers or to be represented by a single
    attorney at oral argument.
        ``(d) Challenge by Members of Congress.--Any Member of Congress may
    bring an action, subject to the special rules described in subsection
    (a), for declaratory or injunctive relief to challenge, whether
    facially or as-applied, the constitutionality of any provision of this
    Act or chapter 95 or 96 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986.''.
        (b) Conforming Amendments.--
                (1) Section 9011 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is
            amended to read as follows:

    ``SEC. 9011. JUDICIAL REVIEW.

        ``For provisions relating to judicial review of certifications,
    determinations, and actions by the Commission under this chapter, see
    section 407 of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971.''.
                (2) Section 9041 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is
            amended to read as follows:

    ``SEC. 9041. JUDICIAL REVIEW.

        ``For provisions relating to judicial review of actions by the
    Commission under this chapter, see section 407 of the Federal Election
    Campaign Act of 1971.''.
                (3) Section 310 of the Federal Election Campaign Act of
            1971 (52 U.S.C. 30110) is repealed.
                (4) Section 403 of the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act of
            2002 (52 U.S.C. 30110 note) is repealed.
        (c) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall
    apply to actions brought on or after January 1, 2021.

    PART 4--DISCLOSURE OF CONTRIBUTIONS TO POLITICAL COMMITTEES IMMEDIATELY
                               PRIOR TO ELECTION

    SEC. 4131. DISCLOSURE OF CONTRIBUTIONS TO POLITICAL COMMITTEES
                  IMMEDIATELY PRIOR TO ELECTION.

        (a) Disclosure.--Section 304(a)(6) of the Federal Election Campaign
    Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30104(a)(6)) is amended--
                (1) by redesignating subparagraphs (D) and (E) as
            subparagraphs (E) and (F); and
                (2) by inserting after subparagraph (C) the following new
            subparagraph:
        ``(D)(i) A political committee, including a super PAC, shall notify
    the Commission of any contribution or donation of more than $5,000
    received by the committee during the period beginning on the 20th day
    before any election in connection with which the committee makes a
    contribution or expenditure and ending 48 hours before such an
    election.
        ``(ii) The committee shall make the notification under clause (i)
    not later than 48 hours after the receipt of the contribution or
    donation involved, and shall include the name of the committee, the
    name of the person making the contribution or donation, and the date
    and amount of the contribution or donation.
        ``(iii) For purposes of this subparagraph, a pledge, promise,
    understanding, or agreement to make a contribution or expenditure with
    respect to an election shall be treated as the making of a contribution
    or expenditure with respect to the election.
        ``(iv) This subparagraph does not apply to an authorized committee
    of a candidate or any committee of a political party.
        ``(v) In this subparagraph, the term `super PAC' means a political
    committee which accepts donations or contributions that do not comply
    with the limitations, prohibitions, and reporting requirements of this
    Act, and includes an account of such a committee which is established
    for the purpose of accepting such donations or contributions.''.
        (b) Effective Date.--The amendment made by subsection (a) shall
    apply with respect to elections occurring during 2022 or any succeeding
    year.

      Subtitle C--Strengthening Oversight of Online Political Advertising

    SEC. 4201. SHORT TITLE.

        This subtitle may be cited as the ``Honest Ads Act''.

    SEC. 4202. PURPOSE.

        The purpose of this subtitle is to enhance the integrity of
    American democracy and national security by improving disclosure
    requirements for online political advertisements in order to uphold the
    Supreme Court's well-established standard that the electorate bears the
    right to be fully informed.

    SEC. 4203. FINDINGS.

        Congress makes the following findings:
                (1) On January 6, 2017, the Office of the Director of
            National Intelligence published a report titled ``Assessing
            Russian Activities and Intentions in Recent U.S. Elections'',
            noting that ``Russian President Vladimir Putin ordered an
            influence campaign in 2016 aimed at the US presidential
            election * * *''. Moscow's influence campaign followed a
            Russian messaging strategy that blends covert intelligence
            operation--such as cyber activity--with overt efforts by
            Russian Government agencies, state-funded media, third-party
            intermediaries, and paid social media users or ``trolls''.
                (2) On November 24, 2016, The Washington Post reported
            findings from 2 teams of independent researchers that concluded
            Russians ``exploited American-made technology platforms to
            attack U.S. democracy at a particularly vulnerable moment * * *
            as part of a broadly effective strategy of sowing distrust in
            U.S. democracy and its leaders.''.
                (3) Findings from a 2017 study on the manipulation of
            public opinion through social media conducted by the
            Computational Propaganda Research Project at the Oxford
            Internet Institute found that the Kremlin is using pro-Russian
            bots to manipulate public discourse to a highly targeted
            audience. With a sample of nearly 1,300,000 tweets, researchers
            found that in the 2016 election's 3 decisive States, propaganda
            constituted 40 percent of the sampled election-related tweets
            that went to Pennsylvanians, 34 percent to Michigan voters, and
            30 percent to those in Wisconsin. In other swing States, the
            figure reached 42 percent in Missouri, 41 percent in Florida,
            40 percent in North Carolina, 38 percent in Colorado, and 35
            percent in Ohio.
                (4) On September 6, 2017, the Nation's largest social media
            platform disclosed that between June 2015 and May 2017, Russian
            entities purchased $100,000 in political advertisements,
            publishing roughly 3,000 ads linked to fake accounts associated
            with the Internet Research Agency, a pro-Kremlin organization.
            According to the company, the ads purchased focused ``on
            amplifying divisive social and political messages * * *''.
                (5) In 2002, the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act became law,
            establishing disclosure requirements for political
            advertisements distributed from a television or radio broadcast
            station or provider of cable or satellite television. In 2003,
            the Supreme Court upheld regulations on electioneering
            communications established under the Act, noting that such
            requirements ``provide the electorate with information and
            insure that the voters are fully informed about the person or
            group who is speaking.''.
                (6) According to a study from Borrell Associates, in 2016,
            $1,415,000,000 was spent on online advertising, more than
            quadruple the amount in 2012.
                (7) The reach of a few large internet platforms--larger
            than any broadcast, satellite, or cable provider--has greatly
            facilitated the scope and effectiveness of disinformation
            campaigns. For instance, the largest platform has over
            210,000,000 Americans users--over 160,000,000 of them on a
            daily basis. By contrast, the largest cable television provider
            has 22,430,000 subscribers, while the largest satellite
            television provider has 21,000,000 subscribers. And the most-
            watched television broadcast in United States history had
            118,000,000 viewers.
                (8) The public nature of broadcast television, radio, and
            satellite ensures a level of publicity for any political
            advertisement. These communications are accessible to the
            press, fact-checkers, and political opponents; this creates
            strong disincentives for a candidate to disseminate materially
            false, inflammatory, or contradictory messages to the public.
            Social media platforms, in contrast, can target portions of the
            electorate with direct, ephemeral advertisements often on the
            basis of private information the platform has on individuals,
            enabling political advertisements that are contradictory,
            racially or socially inflammatory, or materially false.
                (9) According to comScore, 2 companies own 8 of the 10 most
            popular smart phone applications as of June 2017, including the
            most popular social media and email services--which deliver
            information and news to users without requiring proactivity by
            the user. Those same 2 companies accounted for 99 percent of
            revenue growth from digital advertising in 2016, including 77
            percent of gross spending. 79 percent of online Americans--
            representing 68 percent of all Americans--use the single
            largest social network, while 66 percent of these users are
            most likely to get their news from that site.
                (10) In its 2006 rulemaking, the Federal Election
            Commission noted that only 18 percent of all Americans cited
            the internet as their leading source of news about the 2004
            Presidential election; by contrast, the Pew Research Center
            found that 65 percent of Americans identified an internet-based
            source as their leading source of information for the 2016
            election.
                (11) The Federal Election Commission, the independent
            Federal agency charged with protecting the integrity of the
            Federal campaign finance process by providing transparency and
            administering campaign finance laws, has failed to take action
            to address online political advertisements.
                (12) In testimony before the Senate Select Committee on
            Intelligence titled, ``Disinformation: A Primer in Russian
            Active Measures and Influence Campaigns'', multiple expert
            witnesses testified that while the disinformation tactics of
            foreign adversaries have not necessarily changed, social media
            services now provide ``platform[s] practically purpose-built
            for active measures[.]'' Similarly, as Gen. Keith B. Alexander
            (RET.), the former Director of the National Security Agency,
            testified, during the Cold War ``if the Soviet Union sought to
            manipulate information flow, it would have to do so principally
            through its own propaganda outlets or through active measures
            that would generate specific news: planting of leaflets,
            inciting of violence, creation of other false materials and
            narratives. But the news itself was hard to manipulate because
            it would have required actual control of the organs of media,
            which took long-term efforts to penetrate. Today, however,
            because the clear majority of the information on social media
            sites is uncurated and there is a rapid proliferation of
            information sources and other sites that can reinforce
            information, there is an increasing likelihood that the
            information available to average consumers may be inaccurate
            (whether intentionally or otherwise) and may be more easily
            manipulable than in prior eras.''.
                (13) Current regulations on political advertisements do not
            provide sufficient transparency to uphold the public's right to
            be fully informed about political advertisements made online.

    SEC. 4204. SENSE OF CONGRESS.

        It is the sense of Congress that--
                (1) the dramatic increase in digital political
            advertisements, and the growing centrality of online platforms
            in the lives of Americans, requires the Congress and the
            Federal Election Commission to take meaningful action to ensure
            that laws and regulations provide the accountability and
            transparency that is fundamental to our democracy;
                (2) free and fair elections require both transparency and
            accountability which give the public a right to know the true
            sources of funding for political advertisements in order to
            make informed political choices and hold elected officials
            accountable; and
                (3) transparency of funding for political advertisements is
            essential to enforce other campaign finance laws, including the
            prohibition on campaign spending by foreign nationals.

    SEC. 4205. EXPANSION OF DEFINITION OF PUBLIC COMMUNICATION.

        (a) In General.--Paragraph (22) of section 301 of the Federal
    Election Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30101(22)) is amended by
    striking ``or satellite communication'' and inserting ``satellite, paid
    internet, or paid digital communication''.
        (b) Treatment of Contributions and Expenditures.--Section 301 of
    such Act (52 U.S.C. 30101) is amended--
                (1) in paragraph (8)(B)(v), by striking ``on broadcasting
            stations, or in newspapers, magazines, or similar types of
            general public political advertising'' and inserting ``in any
            public communication''; and
                (2) in paragraph (9)(B)--
                        (A) by amending clause (i) to read as follows:
                                ``(i) any news story, commentary, or
                            editorial distributed through the facilities of
                            any broadcasting station or any print, online,
                            or digital newspaper, magazine, blog,
                            publication, or periodical, unless such
                            broadcasting, print, online, or digital
                            facilities are owned or controlled by any
                            political party, political committee, or
                            candidate;''; and
                        (B) in clause (iv), by striking ``on broadcasting
                    stations, or in newspapers, magazines, or similar types
                    of general public political advertising'' and inserting
                    ``in any public communication''.
        (c) Disclosure and Disclaimer Statements.--Subsection (a) of
    section 318 of such Act (52 U.S.C. 30120) is amended--
                (1) by striking ``financing any communication through any
            broadcasting station, newspaper, magazine, outdoor advertising
            facility, mailing, or any other type of general public
            political advertising'' and inserting ``financing any public
            communication''; and
                (2) by striking ``solicits any contribution through any
            broadcasting station, newspaper, magazine, outdoor advertising
            facility, mailing, or any other type of general public
            political advertising'' and inserting ``solicits any
            contribution through any public communication''.

    SEC. 4206. EXPANSION OF DEFINITION OF ELECTIONEERING COMMUNICATION.

        (a) Expansion to Online Communications.--
                (1) Application to qualified internet and digital
            communications.--
                        (A) In general.--Subparagraph (A) of section
                    304(f)(3) of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971
                    (52 U.S.C. 30104(f)(3)(A)) is amended by striking ``or
                    satellite communication'' each place it appears in
                    clauses (i) and (ii) and inserting ``satellite, or
                    qualified internet or digital communication''.
                        (B) Qualified internet or digital communication.--
                    Paragraph (3) of section 304(f) of such Act (52 U.S.C.
                    30104(f)) is amended by adding at the end the following
                    new subparagraph:
                        ``(D) Qualified internet or digital
                    communication.--The term `qualified internet or digital
                    communication' means any communication which is placed
                    or promoted for a fee on an online platform (as defined
                    in subsection (k)(3)).''.
                (2) Nonapplication of relevant electorate to online
            communications.--Section 304(f)(3)(A)(i)(III) of such Act (52
            U.S.C. 30104(f)(3)(A)(i)(III)) is amended by inserting ``any
            broadcast, cable, or satellite'' before ``communication''.
                (3) News exemption.--Section 304(f)(3)(B)(i) of such Act
            (52 U.S.C. 30104(f)(3)(B)(i)) is amended to read as follows:
                                ``(i) a communication appearing in a news
                            story, commentary, or editorial distributed
                            through the facilities of any broadcasting
                            station or any online or digital newspaper,
                            magazine, blog, publication, or periodical,
                            unless such broadcasting, online, or digital
                            facilities are owned or controlled by any
                            political party, political committee, or
                            candidate;''.
        (b) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall
    apply with respect to communications made on or after January 1, 2022.

    SEC. 4207. APPLICATION OF DISCLAIMER STATEMENTS TO ONLINE
                  COMMUNICATIONS.

        (a) Clear and Conspicuous Manner Requirement.--Subsection (a) of
    section 318 of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C.
    30120(a)) is amended--
                (1) by striking ``shall clearly state'' each place it
            appears in paragraphs (1), (2), and (3) and inserting ``shall
            state in a clear and conspicuous manner''; and
                (2) by adding at the end the following flush sentence:
            ``For purposes of this section, a communication does not make a
            statement in a clear and conspicuous manner if it is difficult
            to read or hear or if the placement is easily overlooked.''.
        (b) Special Rules for Qualified Internet or Digital
    Communications.--
                (1) In general.--Section 318 of such Act (52 U.S.C. 30120)
            is amended by adding at the end the following new subsection:
        ``(e) Special Rules for Qualified Internet or Digital
    Communications.--
                ``(1) Special rules with respect to statements.--In the
            case of any qualified internet or digital communication (as
            defined in section 304(f)(3)(D)) which is disseminated through
            a medium in which the provision of all of the information
            specified in this section is not possible, the communication
            shall, in a clear and conspicuous manner--
                        ``(A) state the name of the person who paid for the
                    communication; and
                        ``(B) provide a means for the recipient of the
                    communication to obtain the remainder of the
                    information required under this section with minimal
                    effort and without receiving or viewing any additional
                    material other than such required information.
                ``(2) Safe harbor for determining clear and conspicuous
            manner.--A statement in qualified internet or digital
            communication (as defined in section 304(f)(3)(D)) shall be
            considered to be made in a clear and conspicuous manner as
            provided in subsection (a) if the communication meets the
            following requirements:
                        ``(A) Text or graphic communications.--In the case
                    of a text or graphic communication, the statement--
                                ``(i) appears in letters at least as large
                            as the majority of the text in the
                            communication; and
                                ``(ii) meets the requirements of paragraphs
                            (2) and (3) of subsection (c).
                        ``(B) Audio communications.--In the case of an
                    audio communication, the statement is spoken in a
                    clearly audible and intelligible manner at the
                    beginning or end of the communication and lasts at
                    least 3 seconds.
                        ``(C) Video communications.--In the case of a video
                    communication which also includes audio, the
                    statement--
                                ``(i) is included at either the beginning
                            or the end of the communication; and
                                ``(ii) is made both in--
                                        ``(I) a written format that meets
                                    the requirements of subparagraph (A)
                                    and appears for at least 4 seconds; and
                                        ``(II) an audible format that meets
                                    the requirements of subparagraph (B).
                        ``(D) Other communications.--In the case of any
                    other type of communication, the statement is at least
                    as clear and conspicuous as the statement specified in
                    subparagraph (A), (B), or (C).''.
                (2) Nonapplication of certain exceptions.--The exceptions
            provided in section 110.11(f)(1)(i) and (ii) of title 11, Code
            of Federal Regulations, or any successor to such rules, shall
            have no application to qualified internet or digital
            communications (as defined in section 304(f)(3)(D) of the
            Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971).
        (c) Modification of Additional Requirements for Certain
    Communications.--Section 318(d) of such Act (52 U.S.C. 30120(d)) is
    amended--
                (1) in paragraph (1)(A)--
                        (A) by striking ``which is transmitted through
                    radio'' and inserting ``which is in an audio format'';
                    and
                        (B) by striking ``By radio'' in the heading and
                    inserting ``Audio format'';
                (2) in paragraph (1)(B)--
                        (A) by striking ``which is transmitted through
                    television'' and inserting ``which is in video
                    format''; and
                        (B) by striking ``By television'' in the heading
                    and inserting ``Video format''; and
                (3) in paragraph (2)--
                        (A) by striking ``transmitted through radio or
                    television'' and inserting ``made in audio or video
                    format''; and
                        (B) by striking ``through television'' in the
                    second sentence and inserting ``in video format''.

    SEC. 4208. POLITICAL RECORD REQUIREMENTS FOR ONLINE PLATFORMS.

        (a) In General.--Section 304 of the Federal Election Campaign Act
    of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30104), as amended by section 4002, is amended by
    adding at the end the following new subsection:
        ``(k) Disclosure of Certain Online Advertisements.--
                ``(1) In general.--
                        ``(A) Requirements for online platforms.--An online
                    platform shall maintain, and make available for online
                    public inspection in machine readable format, a
                    complete record of any request to purchase on such
                    online platform a qualified political advertisement
                    which is made by a person whose aggregate requests to
                    purchase qualified political advertisements on such
                    online platform during the calendar year exceeds $500.
                        ``(B) Requirements for advertisers.--Any person who
                    requests to purchase a qualified political
                    advertisement on an online platform shall provide the
                    online platform with such information as is necessary
                    for the online platform to comply with the requirements
                    of subparagraph (A).
                ``(2) Contents of record.--A record maintained under
            paragraph (1)(A) shall contain--
                        ``(A) a digital copy of the qualified political
                    advertisement;
                        ``(B) a description of the audience targeted by the
                    advertisement, the number of views generated from the
                    advertisement, the number of views by unique
                    individuals generated by the advertisement, the number
                    of times the advertisement was shared, and the date and
                    time that the advertisement is first displayed and last
                    displayed; and
                        ``(C) information regarding--
                                ``(i) the average rate charged for the
                            advertisement;
                                ``(ii) the name of the candidate to which
                            the advertisement refers and the office to
                            which the candidate is seeking election, the
                            election to which the advertisement refers, or
                            the national legislative issue to which the
                            advertisement refers (as applicable);
                                ``(iii) in the case of a request made by,
                            or on behalf of, a candidate, the name of the
                            candidate, the authorized committee of the
                            candidate, and the treasurer of such committee;
                            and
                                ``(iv) in the case of any request not
                            described in clause (iii), the name of the
                            person purchasing the advertisement, the name
                            and address of a contact person for such
                            person, and a list of the chief executive
                            officers or members of the executive committee
                            or of the board of directors of such person,
                            and, if the person purchasing the advertisement
                            is acting as the agent of a foreign principal
                            under the Foreign Agents Registration Act of
                            1938, as amended (22 U.S.C. 611 et seq.), a
                            statement that the person is acting as the
                            agent of a foreign principal and the
                            identification of the foreign principal
                            involved.
                ``(3) Online platform.--For purposes of this subsection,
            the term `online platform' means any public-facing website, web
            application, or digital application (including a social
            network, ad network, or search engine) which--
                        ``(A) sells qualified political advertisements; and
                        ``(B) has 50,000,000 or more unique monthly United
                    States visitors or users for a majority of months
                    during the preceding 12 months.
                ``(4) Qualified political advertisement.--For purposes of
            this subsection, the term `qualified political advertisement'
            means any advertisement (including search engine marketing,
            display advertisements, video advertisements, native
            advertisements, and sponsorships) that--
                        ``(A) is made by or on behalf of a candidate; or
                        ``(B) communicates a message relating to any
                    political matter of national importance, including--
                                ``(i) a candidate;
                                ``(ii) any election to Federal office; or
                                ``(iii) a national legislative issue of
                            public importance.
                ``(5) Time to maintain file.--The information required
            under this subsection shall be made available as soon as
            possible and shall be retained by the online platform for a
            period of not less than 4 years.
                ``(6) Safe harbor for platforms making best efforts to
            identify requests which are subject to record maintenance
            requirements.--In accordance with rules established by the
            Commission, if an online platform shows that the platform used
            best efforts to determine whether or not a request to purchase
            a qualified political advertisement was subject to the
            requirements of this subsection, the online platform shall not
            be considered to be in violation of such requirements.
                ``(7) Penalties.--For penalties for failure by online
            platforms, and persons requesting to purchase a qualified
            political advertisement on online platforms, to comply with the
            requirements of this subsection, see section 309.''.
        (b) Rulemaking.--Not later than 120 days after the date of the
    enactment of this Act, the Federal Election Commission shall establish
    rules--
                (1) requiring common data formats for the record required
            to be maintained under section 304(k) of the Federal Election
            Campaign Act of 1971 (as added by subsection (a)) so that all
            online platforms submit and maintain data online in a common,
            machine-readable and publicly accessible format;
                (2) establishing search interface requirements relating to
            such record, including searches by candidate name, issue,
            purchaser, and date; and
                (3) establishing the criteria for the safe harbor exception
            provided under paragraph (6) of section 304(k) of such Act (as
            added by subsection (a)).
        (c) Reporting.--Not later than 2 years after the date of the
    enactment of this Act, and biannually thereafter, the Chairman of the
    Federal Election Commission shall submit a report to Congress on--
                (1) matters relating to compliance with and the enforcement
            of the requirements of section 304(k) of the Federal Election
            Campaign Act of 1971, as added by subsection (a);
                (2) recommendations for any modifications to such section
            to assist in carrying out its purposes; and
                (3) identifying ways to bring transparency and
            accountability to political advertisements distributed online
            for free.

    SEC. 4209. PREVENTING CONTRIBUTIONS, EXPENDITURES, INDEPENDENT
                  EXPENDITURES, AND DISBURSEMENTS FOR ELECTIONEERING
                  COMMUNICATIONS BY FOREIGN NATIONALS IN THE FORM OF ONLINE
                  ADVERTISING.

        Section 319 of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C.
    30121), as amended by section 4101(b), is further amended by adding at
    the end the following new subsection:
        ``(d) Responsibilities of Broadcast Stations, Providers of Cable
    and Satellite Television, and Online Platforms.--
                ``(1) Responsibilities described.--Each television or radio
            broadcast station, provider of cable or satellite television,
            or online platform (as defined in section 304(k)(3)) shall make
            reasonable efforts to ensure that communications described in
            section 318(a) and made available by such station, provider, or
            platform are not purchased by a foreign national, directly or
            indirectly. For purposes of the previous sentence, a station,
            provider, or online platform shall not be considered to have
            made reasonable efforts under this paragraph in the case of the
            availability of a communication unless the station, provider,
            or online platform directly inquires from the individual or
            entity making such purchase whether the purchase is to be made
            by a foreign national, directly or indirectly.
                ``(2) Special rules for disbursement paid with credit
            card.--For purposes of paragraph (1), a television or radio
            broadcast station, provider of cable or satellite television,
            or online platform shall be considered to have made reasonable
            efforts under such paragraph in the case of a purchase of the
            availability of a communication which is made with a credit
            card if--
                        ``(A) the individual or entity making such purchase
                    is required, at the time of making such purchase, to
                    disclose the credit verification value of such credit
                    card; and
                        ``(B) the billing address associated with such
                    credit card is located in the United States or, in the
                    case of a purchase made by an individual who is a
                    United States citizen living outside of the United
                    States, the individual provides the television or radio
                    broadcast station, provider of cable or satellite
                    television, or online platform with the United States
                    mailing address the individual uses for voter
                    registration purposes.''.

    SEC. 4210. INDEPENDENT STUDY ON MEDIA LITERACY AND ONLINE POLITICAL
                  CONTENT CONSUMPTION.

        (a) Independent Study.--Not later than 30 days after the date of
    enactment of this Act, the Federal Election Commission shall commission
    an independent study and report on media literacy with respect to
    online political content consumption among voting-age Americans.
        (b) Elements.--The study and report under subsection (a) shall
    include the following:
                (1) An evaluation of media literacy skills, such as the
            ability to evaluate sources, synthesize multiple accounts into
            a coherent understanding of an issue, understand the context of
            communications, and responsibly create and share information,
            among voting-age Americans.
                (2) An analysis of the effects of media literacy education
            and particular media literacy skills on the ability to
            critically consume online political content, including
            political advertising.
                (3) Recommendations for improving voting-age Americans'
            ability to critically consume online political content,
            including political advertising.
        (c) Deadline.--Not later than 270 days after the date of enactment
    of this Act, the entity conducting the study and report under
    subsection (a) shall submit the report to the Commission.
        (d) Submission to Congress.--Not later than 30 days after receiving
    the report under subsection (c), the Commission shall submit the report
    to the Committee on House Administration of the House of
    Representatives and the Committee on Rules and Administration of the
    Senate, together with such comments on the report as the Commission
    considers appropriate.
        (e) Definition of Media Literacy.--The term ``media literacy''
    means the ability to--
                (1) access relevant and accurate information through media;
                (2) critically analyze media content and the influences of
            media;
                (3) evaluate the comprehensiveness, relevance, credibility,
            authority, and accuracy of information;
                (4) make educated decisions based on information obtained
            from media and digital sources;
                (5) operate various forms of technology and digital tools;
            and
                (6) reflect on how the use of media and technology may
            affect private and public life.

    SEC. 4211. REQUIRING ONLINE PLATFORMS TO DISPLAY NOTICES IDENTIFYING
                  SPONSORS OF POLITICAL ADVERTISEMENTS AND TO ENSURE
                  NOTICES CONTINUE TO BE PRESENT WHEN ADVERTISEMENTS ARE
                  SHARED.

        (a) Requirement.--Section 304 of the Federal Election Campaign Act
    of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30104), as amended by section 4002 and section
    4208(a), is amended by adding at the end the following new subsection:
        ``(l) Ensuring Display and Sharing of Sponsor Identification in
    Online Political Advertisements.--
                ``(1) Requirement.-- An online platform displaying a
            qualified political advertisement shall--
                        ``(A) display with the advertisement a visible
                    notice identifying the sponsor of the advertisement
                    (or, if it is not practical for the platform to display
                    such a notice, a notice that the advertisement is
                    sponsored by a person other than the platform); and
                        ``(B) ensure that the notice will continue to be
                    displayed if a viewer of the advertisement shares the
                    advertisement with others on that platform.
                ``(2) Definitions.--In this subsection,--
                        ``(A) the term `online platform' has the meaning
                    given such term in subsection (k)(3); and
                        ``(B) the term `qualified political advertisement'
                    has the meaning given such term in subsection
                    (k)(4).''.
        (b) Effective Date.--The amendment made by subsection (a) shall
    apply with respect to advertisements displayed on or after the 120-day
    period which begins on the date of the enactment of this Act.

                         Subtitle D--Stand By Every Ad

    SEC. 4301. SHORT TITLE.

        This subtitle may be cited as the ``Stand By Every Ad Act''.

    SEC. 4302. STAND BY EVERY AD.

        (a) Expanded Disclaimer Requirements for Certain Communications.--
    Section 318 of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C.
    30120), as amended by section 4207(b)(1), is further amended--
                (1) by redesignating subsection (e) as subsection (f); and
                (2) by inserting after subsection (d) the following new
            subsection:
        ``(e) Expanded Disclaimer Requirements for Communications Not
    Authorized by Candidates or Committees.--
                ``(1) In general.--Except as provided in paragraph (6), any
            communication described in paragraph (3) of subsection (a)
            which is transmitted in an audio or video format (including an
            Internet or digital communication), or which is an Internet or
            digital communication transmitted in a text or graphic format,
            shall include, in addition to the requirements of paragraph (3)
            of subsection (a), the following:
                        ``(A) The individual disclosure statement described
                    in paragraph (2)(A) (if the person paying for the
                    communication is an individual) or the organizational
                    disclosure statement described in paragraph (2)(B) (if
                    the person paying for the communication is not an
                    individual).
                        ``(B) If the communication is transmitted in a
                    video format, or is an Internet or digital
                    communication which is transmitted in a text or graphic
                    format, and is paid for in whole or in part with a
                    payment which is treated as a campaign-related
                    disbursement under section 324--
                                ``(i) the Top Five Funders list (if
                            applicable); or
                                ``(ii) in the case of a communication
                            which, as determined on the basis of criteria
                            established in regulations issued by the
                            Commission, is of such short duration that
                            including the Top Five Funders list in the
                            communication would constitute a hardship to
                            the person paying for the communication by
                            requiring a disproportionate amount of the
                            content of the communication to consist of the
                            Top Five Funders list, the name of a website
                            which contains the Top Five Funders list (if
                            applicable) or, in the case of an Internet or
                            digital communication, a hyperlink to such
                            website.
                        ``(C) If the communication is transmitted in an
                    audio format and is paid for in whole or in part with a
                    payment which is treated as a campaign-related
                    disbursement under section 324--
                                ``(i) the Top Two Funders list (if
                            applicable); or
                                ``(ii) in the case of a communication
                            which, as determined on the basis of criteria
                            established in regulations issued by the
                            Commission, is of such short duration that
                            including the Top Two Funders list in the
                            communication would constitute a hardship to
                            the person paying for the communication by
                            requiring a disproportionate amount of the
                            content of the communication to consist of the
                            Top Two Funders list, the name of a website
                            which contains the Top Two Funders list (if
                            applicable).
                ``(2) Disclosure statements described.--
                        ``(A) Individual disclosure statements.--The
                    individual disclosure statement described in this
                    subparagraph is the following: `I am ________, and I
                    approve this message.', with the blank filled in with
                    the name of the applicable individual.
                        ``(B) Organizational disclosure statements.--The
                    organizational disclosure statement described in this
                    subparagraph is the following: `I am ________, the
                    ________ of ________, and ________ approves this
                    message.', with--
                                ``(i) the first blank to be filled in with
                            the name of the applicable individual;
                                ``(ii) the second blank to be filled in
                            with the title of the applicable individual;
                            and
                                ``(iii) the third and fourth blank each to
                            be filled in with the name of the organization
                            or other person paying for the communication.
                ``(3) Method of conveyance of statement.--
                        ``(A) Communications in text or graphic format.--In
                    the case of a communication to which this subsection
                    applies which is transmitted in a text or graphic
                    format, the disclosure statements required under
                    paragraph (1) shall appear in letters at least as large
                    as the majority of the text in the communication.
                        ``(B) Communications transmitted in audio format.--
                    In the case of a communication to which this subsection
                    applies which is transmitted in an audio format, the
                    disclosure statements required under paragraph (1)
                    shall be made by audio by the applicable individual in
                    a clear and conspicuous manner.
                        ``(C) Communications transmitted in video format.--
                    In the case of a communication to which this subsection
                    applies which is transmitted in a video format, the
                    information required under paragraph (1)--
                                ``(i) shall appear in writing at the end of
                            the communication or in a crawl along the
                            bottom of the communication in a clear and
                            conspicuous manner, with a reasonable degree of
                            color contrast between the background and the
                            printed statement, for a period of at least 6
                            seconds; and
                                ``(ii) shall also be conveyed by an
                            unobscured, full-screen view of the applicable
                            individual or by the applicable individual
                            making the statement in voice-over accompanied
                            by a clearly identifiable photograph or similar
                            image of the individual, except in the case of
                            a Top Five Funders list.
                ``(4) Applicable individual defined.--The term `applicable
            individual' means, with respect to a communication to which
            this subsection applies--
                        ``(A) if the communication is paid for by an
                    individual, the individual involved;
                        ``(B) if the communication is paid for by a
                    corporation, the chief executive officer of the
                    corporation (or, if the corporation does not have a
                    chief executive officer, the highest ranking official
                    of the corporation);
                        ``(C) if the communication is paid for by a labor
                    organization, the highest ranking officer of the labor
                    organization; and
                        ``(D) if the communication is paid for by any other
                    person, the highest ranking official of such person.
                ``(5) Top five funders list and top two funders list
            defined.--
                        ``(A) Top five funders list.--The term `Top Five
                    Funders list' means, with respect to a communication
                    which is paid for in whole or in part with a campaign-
                    related disbursement (as defined in section 324), a
                    list of the five persons who, during the 12-month
                    period ending on the date of the disbursement, provided
                    the largest payments of any type in an aggregate amount
                    equal to or exceeding $10,000 to the person who is
                    paying for the communication and the amount of the
                    payments each such person provided. If two or more
                    people provided the fifth largest of such payments, the
                    person paying for the communication shall select one of
                    those persons to be included on the Top Five Funders
                    list.
                        ``(B) Top two funders list.--The term `Top Two
                    Funders list' means, with respect to a communication
                    which is paid for in whole or in part with a campaign-
                    related disbursement (as defined in section 324), a
                    list of the persons who, during the 12-month period
                    ending on the date of the disbursement, provided the
                    largest and the second largest payments of any type in
                    an aggregate amount equal to or exceeding $10,000 to
                    the person who is paying for the communication and the
                    amount of the payments each such person provided. If
                    two or more persons provided the second largest of such
                    payments, the person paying for the communication shall
                    select one of those persons to be included on the Top
                    Two Funders list.
                        ``(C) Exclusion of certain payments.--For purposes
                    of subparagraphs (A) and (B), in determining the amount
                    of payments made by a person to a person paying for a
                    communication, there shall be excluded the following:
                                ``(i) Any amounts provided in the ordinary
                            course of any trade or business conducted by
                            the person paying for the communication or in
                            the form of investments in the person paying
                            for the communication.
                                ``(ii) Any payment which the person
                            prohibited, in writing, from being used for
                            campaign-related disbursements, but only if the
                            person paying for the communication agreed to
                            follow the prohibition and deposited the
                            payment in an account which is segregated from
                            any account used to make campaign-related
                            disbursements.
                ``(6) Special rules for certain communications.--
                        ``(A) Exception for communications paid for by
                    political parties and certain political committees.--
                    This subsection does not apply to any communication to
                    which subsection (d)(2) applies.
                        ``(B) Treatment of video communications lasting 10
                    seconds or less.--In the case of a communication to
                    which this subsection applies which is transmitted in a
                    video format, or is an Internet or digital
                    communication which is transmitted in a text or graphic
                    format, the communication shall meet the following
                    requirements:
                                ``(i) The communication shall include the
                            individual disclosure statement described in
                            paragraph (2)(A) (if the person paying for the
                            communication is an individual) or the
                            organizational disclosure statement described
                            in paragraph (2)(B) (if the person paying for
                            the communication is not an individual).
                                ``(ii) The statement described in clause
                            (i) shall appear in writing at the end of the
                            communication, or in a crawl along the bottom
                            of the communication, in a clear and
                            conspicuous manner, with a reasonable degree of
                            color contrast between the background and the
                            printed statement, for a period of at least 4
                            seconds.
                                ``(iii) The communication shall include, in
                            a clear and conspicuous manner, a website
                            address with a landing page which will provide
                            all of the information described in paragraph
                            (1) with respect to the communication. Such
                            address shall appear for the full duration of
                            the communication.
                                ``(iv) To the extent that the format in
                            which the communication is made permits the use
                            of a hyperlink, the communication shall include
                            a hyperlink to the website address described in
                            clause (iii).''.
        (b) Application of Expanded Requirements to Public Communications
    Consisting of Campaign-Related Disbursements.--
                (1) In general.--Section 318(a) of such Act (52 U.S.C.
            30120(a)) is amended by striking ``for the purpose of financing
            communications expressly advocating the election or defeat of a
            clearly identified candidate'' and inserting ``for a campaign-
            related disbursement, as defined in section 324, consisting of
            a public communication''.
                (2) Clarification of exemption from inclusion of candidate
            disclaimer statement in federal judicial nomination
            communications.--Section 318(a)(3) of such Act (52 U.S.C.
            30120(a)(3)) is amended by striking ``shall state'' and
            inserting ``shall (except in the case of a Federal judicial
            nomination communication, as defined in section 324(d)(2))
            state''.
        (c) Exception for Communications Paid for by Political Parties and
    Certain Political Committees.--Section 318(d)(2) of such Act (52 U.S.C.
    30120(d)(2)) is amended--
                (1) in the heading, by striking ``others'' and inserting
            ``certain political committees'';
                (2) by striking ``Any communication'' and inserting ``(A)
            Any communication'';
                (3) by inserting ``which (except to the extent provided in
            subparagraph (B)) is paid for by a political committee
            (including a political committee of a political party) and''
            after ``subsection (a)'';
                (4) by striking ``or other person'' each place it appears;
            and
                (5) by adding at the end the following new subparagraph:
                ``(B)(i) This paragraph does not apply to a communication
            paid for in whole or in part during a calendar year with a
            campaign-related disbursement, but only if the covered
            organization making the campaign-related disbursement made
            campaign-related disbursements (as defined in section 324)
            aggregating more than $10,000 during such calendar year.
                ``(ii) For purposes of clause (i), in determining the
            amount of campaign-related disbursements made by a covered
            organization during a year, there shall be excluded the
            following:
                        ``(I) Any amounts received by the covered
                    organization in the ordinary course of any trade or
                    business conducted by the covered organization or in
                    the form of investments in the covered organization.
                        ``(II) Any amounts received by the covered
                    organization from a person who prohibited, in writing,
                    the organization from using such amounts for campaign-
                    related disbursements, but only if the covered
                    organization agreed to follow the prohibition and
                    deposited the amounts in an account which is segregated
                    from any account used to make campaign-related
                    disbursements.''.

    SEC. 4303. DISCLAIMER REQUIREMENTS FOR COMMUNICATIONS MADE THROUGH
                  PRERECORDED TELEPHONE CALLS.

        (a) Application of Requirements.--
                (1) In general.--Section 318(a) of the Federal Election
            Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30120(a)), as amended by
            section 4205(c), is amended by striking ``public
            communication'' each place it appears and inserting the
            following: ``public communication (including a telephone call
            consisting in substantial part of a prerecorded audio
            message)''.
                (2) Application to communications subject to expanded
            disclaimer requirements.--Section 318(e)(1) of such Act (52
            U.S.C. 30120(e)(1)), as added by section 4302(a), is amended in
            the matter preceding subparagraph (A) by striking ``which is
            transmitted in an audio or video format'' and inserting ``which
            is transmitted in an audio or video format or which consists of
            a telephone call consisting in substantial part of a
            prerecorded audio message''.
        (b) Treatment as Communication Transmitted in Audio Format.--
                (1) Communications by candidates or authorized persons.--
            Section 318(d) of such Act (52 U.S.C. 30120(d)) is amended by
            adding at the end the following new paragraph:
                ``(3) Prerecorded telephone calls.--Any communication
            described in paragraph (1), (2), or (3) of subsection (a)
            (other than a communication which is subject to subsection (e))
            which is a telephone call consisting in substantial part of a
            prerecorded audio message shall include, in addition to the
            requirements of such paragraph, the audio statement required
            under subparagraph (A) of paragraph (1) or the audio statement
            required under paragraph (2) (whichever is applicable), except
            that the statement shall be made at the beginning of the
            telephone call.''.
                (2) Communications subject to expanded disclaimer
            requirements.--Section 318(e)(3) of such Act (52 U.S.C.
            30120(e)(3)), as added by section 4302(a), is amended by adding
            at the end the following new subparagraph:
                        ``(D) Prerecorded telephone calls.--In the case of
                    a communication to which this subsection applies which
                    is a telephone call consisting in substantial part of a
                    prerecorded audio message, the communication shall be
                    considered to be transmitted in an audio format.''.

    SEC. 4304. NO EXPANSION OF PERSONS SUBJECT TO DISCLAIMER REQUIREMENTS
                  ON INTERNET COMMUNICATIONS.

        Nothing in this subtitle or the amendments made by this subtitle
    may be construed to require any person who is not required under
    section 318 of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 to include a
    disclaimer on communications made by the person through the internet to
    include any disclaimer on any such communications.

    SEC. 4305. EFFECTIVE DATE.

        The amendments made by this subtitle shall apply with respect to
    communications made on or after January 1, 2022, and shall take effect
    without regard to whether or not the Federal Election Commission has
    promulgated regulations to carry out such amendments.

            Subtitle E--Deterring Foreign Interference in Elections

         PART 1--DETERRENCE UNDER FEDERAL ELECTION CAMPAIGN ACT OF 1971

    SEC. 4401. RESTRICTIONS ON EXCHANGE OF CAMPAIGN INFORMATION BETWEEN
                  CANDIDATES AND FOREIGN POWERS.

        Section 319 of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C.
    30121), as amended by section 4101(b) and section 4209, is further
    amended by adding at the end the following new subsection:
        ``(e) Restrictions on Exchange of Information Between Candidates
    and Foreign Powers.--
                ``(1) Treatment of offer to share nonpublic campaign
            material as solicitation of contribution from foreign
            national.--If a candidate or an individual affiliated with the
            campaign of a candidate, or if a political committee or an
            individual affiliated with a political committee, provides or
            offers to provide nonpublic campaign material to a covered
            foreign national or to another person whom the candidate,
            committee, or individual knows or has reason to know will
            provide the material to a covered foreign national, the
            candidate, committee, or individual (as the case may be) shall
            be considered for purposes of this section to have solicited a
            contribution or donation described in subsection (a)(1)(A) from
            a foreign national.
                ``(2) Definitions.--In this subsection, the following
            definitions apply:
                        ``(A) The term `candidate' means an individual who
                    seeks nomination for, or election to, any Federal,
                    State, or local public office.
                        ``(B) The term `covered foreign national' has the
                    meaning given such term in section 304(j)(3)(C).
                        ``(C) The term `individual affiliated with a
                    campaign' means, with respect to a candidate, an
                    employee of any organization legally authorized under
                    Federal, State, or local law to support the candidate's
                    campaign for nomination for, or election to, any
                    Federal, State, or local public office, as well as any
                    independent contractor of such an organization and any
                    individual who performs services on behalf of the
                    organization, whether paid or unpaid.
                        ``(D) The term `individual affiliated with a
                    political committee' means, with respect to a political
                    committee, an employee of the committee as well as any
                    independent contractor of the committee and any
                    individual who performs services on behalf of the
                    committee, whether paid or unpaid.
                        ``(E) The term `nonpublic campaign material' means,
                    with respect to a candidate or a political committee,
                    campaign material that is produced by the candidate or
                    the committee or produced at the candidate or
                    committee's expense or request which is not distributed
                    or made available to the general public or otherwise in
                    the public domain, including polling and focus group
                    data and opposition research, except that such term
                    does not include material produced for purposes of
                    consultations relating solely to the candidate's or
                    committee's position on a legislative or policy
                    matter.''.

    SEC. 4402. CLARIFICATION OF STANDARD FOR DETERMINING EXISTENCE OF
                  COORDINATION BETWEEN CAMPAIGNS AND OUTSIDE INTERESTS.

        Section 315(a) of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (52
    U.S.C. 30116(a)) is amended by adding at the end the following new
    paragraph:
        ``(10) For purposes of paragraph (7), an expenditure or
    disbursement may be considered to have been made in cooperation,
    consultation, or concert with, or coordinated with, a person without
    regard to whether or not the cooperation, consultation, or coordination
    is carried out pursuant to agreement or formal collaboration.''.

    SEC. 4403. PROHIBITION ON PROVISION OF SUBSTANTIAL ASSISTANCE RELATING
                  TO CONTRIBUTION OR DONATION BY FOREIGN NATIONALS.

        Section 319 of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C.
    30121), as amended by section 4101(a), section 4101(b), section 4209,
    and section 4401, is further amended--
                (1) in subsection (a)--
                        (A) by striking ``or'' at the end of paragraph (2);
                        (B) by striking the period at the end of paragraph
                    (3) and inserting ``; or''; and
                        (C) by adding at the end the following:
                ``(4) a person to knowingly provide substantial assistance
            to another person in carrying out an activity described in
            paragraph (1), (2), or (3).''; and
                (2) by adding at the end the following new subsections:
        ``(f) Knowingly Described.--
                ``(1) In general.--For purposes of subsection (a)(4), the
            term `knowingly' means actual knowledge, constructive
            knowledge, awareness of pertinent facts that would lead a
            reasonable person to conclude there is a substantial
            probability, or awareness of pertinent facts that would lead a
            reasonable person to conduct a reasonable inquiry to
            establish--
                        ``(A) with respect to an activity described in
                    subsection (a)(1), that the contribution, donation,
                    expenditure, independent expenditure, or disbursement
                    is from a foreign national;
                        ``(B) with respect to an activity described in
                    subsection (a)(2), that the contribution or donation
                    solicited, accepted, or received is from a foreign
                    national; and
                        ``(C) with respect to an activity described in
                    subsection (a)(3), that the person directing,
                    dictating, controlling, or directly or indirectly
                    participating in the decisionmaking process is a
                    foreign national.
                ``(2) Pertinent facts.--For purposes of paragraph (1),
            pertinent facts include, but are not limited to, that the
            person making the contribution, donation, expenditure,
            independent expenditure, or disbursement, or that the person
            from whom the contribution or donation is solicited, accepted,
            or received, or that the person directing, dictating,
            controlling, or directly or indirectly participating in the
            decisionmaking process--
                        ``(A) uses a foreign passport or passport number
                    for identification purposes;
                        ``(B) provides a foreign address;
                        ``(C) uses a check or other written instrument
                    drawn on a foreign bank, or by a wire transfer from a
                    foreign bank, in carrying out the activity; or
                        ``(D) resides abroad.
        ``(g) Substantial Assistance Defined.--As used in this section, the
    term `substantial assistance' means, with respect to an activity
    prohibited by paragraph (1), (2), or (3) of subsection (a), involvement
    with an intent to facilitate successful completion of the activity.''.

    SEC. 4404. CLARIFICATION OF APPLICATION OF FOREIGN MONEY BAN.

        (a) Clarification of Treatment of Provision of Certain Information
    as Contribution or Donation of a Thing of Value.--Section 319 of the
    Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30121), as amended by
    section 4101(a), section 4101(b), section 4209, section 4401, and
    section 4403, is amended by adding at the end the following new
    subsection:
        ``(h) Clarification of Treatment of Provision of Certain
    Information as Contribution or Donation of a Thing of Value.--For
    purposes of this section, a `contribution or donation of money or other
    thing of value' includes the provision of opposition research, polling,
    or other non-public information relating to a candidate for election
    for a Federal, State, or local office for the purpose of influencing
    the election, regardless of whether such research, polling, or
    information has monetary value, except that nothing in this subsection
    shall be construed to treat the mere provision of an opinion about a
    candidate as a thing of value for purposes of this section.''.
        (b) Clarification of Application of Foreign Money Ban to All
    Contributions and Donations of Things of Value and to All Solicitations
    of Contributions and Donations of Things of Value.--Section 319(a) of
    such Act (52 U.S.C. 30121(a)) is amended--
                (1) in paragraph (1)(A), by striking ``promise to make a
            contribution or donation'' and inserting ``promise to make such
            a contribution or donation'';
                (2) in paragraph (1)(B), by striking ``donation'' and
            inserting ``donation of money or other thing of value, or to
            make an express or implied promise to make such a contribution
            or donation,''; and
                (3) by amending paragraph (2) to read as follows:
                ``(2) a person to solicit, accept, or receive (directly or
            indirectly) a contribution, donation, or disbursement described
            in paragraph (1), or to solicit, accept, or receive (directly
            or indirectly) an express or implied promise to make such a
            contribution or donation, from a foreign national.''.

        PART 2--NOTIFYING STATES OF DISINFORMATION CAMPAIGNS BY FOREIGN
                                   NATIONALS

    SEC. 4411. NOTIFYING STATES OF DISINFORMATION CAMPAIGNS BY FOREIGN
                  NATIONALS.

        (a) Requiring Disclosure.--If the Federal Election Commission makes
    a determination that a foreign national has initiated or has attempted
    to initiate a disinformation campaign targeted at an election for
    public office held in a State, the Commission shall notify the State
    involved of the determination not later than 30 days after making the
    determination.
        (b) Definitions.--In this section the term ``foreign national'' has
    the meaning given such term in section 319(b) of the Federal Election
    Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30121(b)).

           PART 3--PROHIBITING USE OF DEEPFAKES IN ELECTION CAMPAIGNS

    SEC. 4421. PROHIBITION ON DISTRIBUTION OF MATERIALLY DECEPTIVE AUDIO OR
                  VISUAL MEDIA PRIOR TO ELECTION.

        (a) In General.--Title III of the Federal Election Campaign Act of
    1971 (52 U.S.C. 30101 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the
    following new section:

    ``SEC. 325. PROHIBITION ON DISTRIBUTION OF MATERIALLY DECEPTIVE MEDIA
                  PRIOR TO ELECTION.

        ``(a) In General.--Except as provided in subsections (b) and (c), a
    person, political committee, or other entity shall not, within 60 days
    of an election for Federal office at which a candidate for elective
    office will appear on the ballot, distribute, with actual malice,
    materially deceptive audio or visual media of the candidate with the
    intent to injure the candidate's reputation or to deceive a voter into
    voting for or against the candidate.
        ``(b) Exception.--
                ``(1) Required language.--The prohibition in subsection (a)
            does not apply if the audio or visual media includes--
                        ``(A) a disclosure stating: ``This _____ has been
                    manipulated.''; and
                        ``(B) filled in the blank in the disclosure under
                    subparagraph (A), the term `image', `video', or
                    `audio', as most accurately describes the media.
                ``(2) Visual media.--For visual media, the text of the
            disclosure shall appear in a size that is easily readable by
            the average viewer and no smaller than the largest font size of
            other text appearing in the visual media. If the visual media
            does not include any other text, the disclosure shall appear in
            a size that is easily readable by the average viewer. For
            visual media that is video, the disclosure shall appear for the
            duration of the video.
                ``(3) Audio-only media.--If the media consists of audio
            only, the disclosure shall be read in a clearly spoken manner
            and in a pitch that can be easily heard by the average
            listener, at the beginning of the audio, at the end of the
            audio, and, if the audio is greater than 2 minutes in length,
            interspersed within the audio at intervals of not greater than
            2 minutes each.
        ``(c) Inapplicability to Certain Entities.--This section does not
    apply to the following:
                ``(1) A radio or television broadcasting station, including
            a cable or satellite television operator, programmer, or
            producer, that broadcasts materially deceptive audio or visual
            media prohibited by this section as part of a bona fide
            newscast, news interview, news documentary, or on-the-spot
            coverage of bona fide news events, if the broadcast clearly
            acknowledges through content or a disclosure, in a manner that
            can be easily heard or read by the average listener or viewer,
            that there are questions about the authenticity of the
            materially deceptive audio or visual media.
                ``(2) A radio or television broadcasting station, including
            a cable or satellite television operator, programmer, or
            producer, when it is paid to broadcast materially deceptive
            audio or visual media.
                ``(3) An internet website, or a regularly published
            newspaper, magazine, or other periodical of general
            circulation, including an internet or electronic publication,
            that routinely carries news and commentary of general interest,
            and that publishes materially deceptive audio or visual media
            prohibited by this section, if the publication clearly states
            that the materially deceptive audio or visual media does not
            accurately represent the speech or conduct of the candidate.
                ``(4) Materially deceptive audio or visual media that
            constitutes satire or parody.
        ``(d) Civil Action.--
                ``(1) Injunctive or other equitable relief.--A candidate
            for elective office whose voice or likeness appears in a
            materially deceptive audio or visual media distributed in
            violation of this section may seek injunctive or other
            equitable relief prohibiting the distribution of audio or
            visual media in violation of this section. An action under this
            paragraph shall be entitled to precedence in accordance with
            the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure.
                ``(2) Damages.--A candidate for elective office whose voice
            or likeness appears in a materially deceptive audio or visual
            media distributed in violation of this section may bring an
            action for general or special damages against the person,
            committee, or other entity that distributed the materially
            deceptive audio or visual media. The court may also award a
            prevailing party reasonable attorney's fees and costs. This
            paragraph shall not be construed to limit or preclude a
            plaintiff from securing or recovering any other available
            remedy.
                ``(3) Burden of proof.--In any civil action alleging a
            violation of this section, the plaintiff shall bear the burden
            of establishing the violation through clear and convincing
            evidence.
        ``(e) Rule of Construction.--This section shall not be construed to
    alter or negate any rights, obligations, or immunities of an
    interactive service provider under section 230 of title 47, United
    States Code.
        ``(f) Materially Deceptive Audio or Visual Media Defined.--In this
    section, the term `materially deceptive audio or visual media' means an
    image or an audio or video recording of a candidate's appearance,
    speech, or conduct that has been intentionally manipulated in a manner
    such that both of the following conditions are met:
                ``(1) The image or audio or video recording would falsely
            appear to a reasonable person to be authentic.
                ``(2) The image or audio or video recording would cause a
            reasonable person to have a fundamentally different
            understanding or impression of the expressive content of the
            image or audio or video recording than that person would have
            if the person were hearing or seeing the unaltered, original
            version of the image or audio or video recording.''.
        (b) Criminal Penalties.--Section 309(d)(1) of the Federal Election
    Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30109(d)(1)), as amended by section
    4004, is further amended by adding at the end the following new
    subparagraph:
                        ``(G) Any person who knowingly and willfully
                    commits a violation of section 325 shall be fined not
                    more than $100,000, imprisoned not more than 5 years,
                    or both.''.
        (c) Effect on Defamation Action.--For purposes of an action for
    defamation, a violation of section 325 of the Federal Election Campaign
    Act of 1971, as added by subsection (a), shall constitute defamation
    per se.

    PART 4--ASSESSMENT OF EXEMPTION OF REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS UNDER FARA
                            FOR REGISTERED LOBBYISTS

    SEC. 4431. ASSESSMENT OF EXEMPTION OF REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS UNDER
                  FARA FOR REGISTERED LOBBYISTS.

        Not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment of this Act,
    the Comptroller General of the United States shall conduct and submit
    to Congress an assessment of the implications of the exemption provided
    under the Foreign Agents Registration Act of 1938, as amended (22
    U.S.C. 611 et seq.) for agents of foreign principals who are also
    registered lobbyists under the Lobbying Disclosure Act of 1995 (2
    U.S.C. 1601 et seq.), and shall include in the assessment an analysis
    of the extent to which revisions in such Acts might mitigate the risk
    of foreign government money influencing elections or political
    processes in the United States.

                     Subtitle F--Secret Money Transparency

    SEC. 4501. REPEAL OF RESTRICTION OF USE OF FUNDS BY INTERNAL REVENUE
                  SERVICE TO BRING TRANSPARENCY TO POLITICAL ACTIVITY OF
                  CERTAIN NONPROFIT ORGANIZATIONS.

        Section 122 of the Financial Services and General Government
    Appropriations Act, 2021 (division E of Public Law 116-260) is hereby
    repealed.

    SEC. 4502. REPEAL OF REGULATIONS.

        The final regulations of the Department of the Treasury relating to
    guidance under section 6033 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986
    regarding the reporting requirements of exempt organizations (published
    at 85 Fed. Reg. 31959 (May 28, 2020)) shall have no force and effect.

                     Subtitle G--Shareholder Right-to-Know

    SEC. 4601. REPEAL OF RESTRICTION ON USE OF FUNDS BY SECURITIES AND
                  EXCHANGE COMMISSION TO ENSURE SHAREHOLDERS OF
                  CORPORATIONS HAVE KNOWLEDGE OF CORPORATION POLITICAL
                  ACTIVITY.

        Section 631 of the Financial Services and General Government
    Appropriations Act, 2021 (division E of Public Law 116-260) is hereby
    repealed.

    SEC. 4602. ASSESSMENT OF SHAREHOLDER PREFERENCES FOR DISBURSEMENTS FOR
                  POLITICAL PURPOSES.

        (a) Assessment Required.--The Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15
    U.S.C. 78a et seq.) is amended by inserting after section 10D the
    following:

    ``SEC. 10E. ASSESSMENT OF SHAREHOLDER PREFERENCES FOR DISBURSEMENTS FOR
                  POLITICAL PURPOSES.

        ``(a) Assessment Required Before Making a Disbursement for a
    Political Purpose.--
                ``(1) Requirement.--An issuer with an equity security
            listed on a national securities exchange may not make a
            disbursement for a political purpose unless--
                        ``(A) the issuer has in place procedures to assess
                    the preferences of the shareholders of the issuer with
                    respect to making such disbursements; and
                        ``(B) such an assessment has been made within the
                    1-year period ending on the date of such disbursement.
                ``(2) Treatment of issuers whose shareholders are
            prohibited from expressing preferences.--Notwithstanding
            paragraph (1), an issuer described under such paragraph with
            procedures in place to assess the preferences of its
            shareholders with respect to making disbursements for political
            purposes shall not be subject to the requirements of such
            paragraph if a majority of the number of the outstanding equity
            securities of the issuer are held by persons who are prohibited
            from expressing partisan or political preferences by law,
            contract, or the requirement to meet a fiduciary duty.
                ``(3) No assessment of preferences of foreign nationals.--
            Notwithstanding paragraph (1), an issuer described in such
            paragraph shall not use the procedures described in such
            paragraph to assess the preferences of any shareholder who is a
            foreign national, as defined in section 319 of the Federal
            Election Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30121).
        ``(b) Assessment Requirements.--The assessment described under
    subsection (a) shall assess--
                ``(1) which types of disbursements for a political purpose
            the shareholder believes the issuer should make;
                ``(2) whether the shareholder believes that such
            disbursements should be made in support of, or in opposition
            to, Republican, Democratic, Independent, or other political
            party candidates and political committees;
                ``(3) whether the shareholder believes that such
            disbursements should be made with respect to elections for
            Federal, State, or local office; and
                ``(4) such other information as the Commission may specify,
            by rule.
        ``(c) Disbursement for a Political Purpose Defined.--
                ``(1) In general.--For purposes of this section, the term
            `disbursement for a political purpose' means any of the
            following:
                        ``(A) A disbursement for an independent
                    expenditure, as defined in section 301(17) of the
                    Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C.
                    30101(17)).
                        ``(B) A disbursement for an electioneering
                    communication, as defined in section 304(f) of the
                    Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C.
                    30104(f)).
                        ``(C) A disbursement for any public communication,
                    as defined in section 301(22) of the Federal Election
                    Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30101(22))--
                                ``(i) which expressly advocates the
                            election or defeat of a clearly identified
                            candidate for election for Federal office, or
                            is the functional equivalent of express
                            advocacy because, when taken as a whole, it can
                            be interpreted by a reasonable person only as
                            advocating the election or defeat of a
                            candidate for election for Federal office; or
                                ``(ii) which refers to a clearly identified
                            candidate for election for Federal office and
                            which promotes or supports a candidate for that
                            office, or attacks or opposes a candidate for
                            that office, without regard to whether the
                            communication expressly advocates a vote for or
                            against a candidate for that office.
                        ``(D) Any other disbursement which is made for the
                    purpose of influencing the outcome of an election for a
                    public office.
                        ``(E) Any transfer of funds to another person which
                    is made with the intent that such person will use the
                    funds to make a disbursement described in subparagraphs
                    (A) through (D), or with the knowledge that the person
                    will use the funds to make such a disbursement.
                ``(2) Exceptions.--The term `disbursement for a political
            purpose' does not include any of the following:
                        ``(A) Any disbursement made from a separate
                    segregated fund of the corporation under section 316 of
                    the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C.
                    30118).
                        ``(B) Any transfer of funds to another person which
                    is made in a commercial transaction in the ordinary
                    course of any trade or business conducted by the
                    corporation or in the form of investments made by the
                    corporation.
                        ``(C) Any transfer of funds to another person which
                    is subject to a written prohibition against the use of
                    the funds for a disbursement for a political purpose.
        ``(d) Other Definitions.--In this section, each of the terms
    `candidate', `election', `political committee', and `political party'
    has the meaning given such term under section 301 of the Federal
    Election Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30101).''.
        (b) Conforming Amendment to Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971
    To Prohibit Disbursements by Corporations Failing To Assess
    Preferences.--Section 316 of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971
    (52 U.S.C. 30118) is amended by adding at the end the following new
    subsection:
        ``(d) Prohibiting Disbursements by Corporations Failing To Assess
    Shareholder Preferences.--
                ``(1) Prohibition.--It shall be unlawful for a corporation
            to make a disbursement for a political purpose unless the
            corporation has in place procedures to assess the preferences
            of its shareholders with respect to making such disbursements,
            as provided in section 10E of the Securities Exchange Act of
            1934.
                ``(2) Definition.--In this section, the term `disbursement
            for a political purpose' has the meaning given such term in
            section 10E(c) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.''.
        (c) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall
    apply with respect to disbursements made on or after December 31, 2021.

    SEC. 4603. GOVERNANCE AND OPERATIONS OF CORPORATE PACS.

        (a) Assessment of Governance.--Section 316 of the Federal Election
    Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30118) is amended by adding at the end
    the following new subsection:
        ``(d) Assessment of Governance.--The Commission shall, on an
    ongoing basis, collect information on the governance of the separate
    segregated funds of corporations under this section, using the most
    recent statements of organization provided by such funds under section
    303(a), including information on the following:
                ``(1) The extent to which such funds have by-laws which
            govern their operations.
                ``(2) The extent to which those funds which have by-laws
            which govern their operations use a board of directors to
            oversee the operation of the fund.
                ``(3) The characteristics of those individuals who serve on
            boards of directors which oversee the operations of such funds,
            including the relation of such individuals to the
            corporation.''.
        (b) Analysis of Donors.--
                (1) Analysis.--The Federal Election Commission shall
            conduct an analysis of the composition of the base of donors to
            separate segregated funds of corporations under section 316 of
            the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30118).
                (2) Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the
            enactment of this Act, the Commission shall submit to Congress
            a report on the analysis conducted under paragraph (1), and
            shall initiate the promulgation of a regulation to establish a
            new designation and classification of such separate segregated
            funds.

     Subtitle H--Disclosure of Political Spending by Government Contractors

    SEC. 4701. REPEAL OF RESTRICTION ON USE OF FUNDS TO REQUIRE DISCLOSURE
                  OF POLITICAL SPENDING BY GOVERNMENT CONTRACTORS.

        Section 735 of the Financial Services and General Government
    Appropriations Act, 2021 (division E of Public Law 116-260) is hereby
    repealed.

      Subtitle I--Limitation and Disclosure Requirements for Presidential
                              Inaugural Committees

    SEC. 4801. SHORT TITLE.

        This subtitle may be cited as the ``Presidential Inaugural
    Committee Oversight Act''.

    SEC. 4802. LIMITATIONS AND DISCLOSURE OF CERTAIN DONATIONS TO, AND
                  DISBURSEMENTS BY, INAUGURAL COMMITTEES.

        (a) Requirements for Inaugural Committees.--Title III of the
    Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30101 et seq.), as
    amended by section 4421, is amended by adding at the end the following
    new section:

    ``SEC. 326. INAUGURAL COMMITTEES.

        ``(a) Prohibited Donations.--
                ``(1) In general.--It shall be unlawful--
                        ``(A) for an Inaugural Committee--
                                ``(i) to solicit, accept, or receive a
                            donation from a person that is not an
                            individual; or
                                ``(ii) to solicit, accept, or receive a
                            donation from a foreign national;
                        ``(B) for a person--
                                ``(i) to make a donation to an Inaugural
                            Committee in the name of another person, or to
                            knowingly authorize his or her name to be used
                            to effect such a donation;
                                ``(ii) to knowingly accept a donation to an
                            Inaugural Committee made by a person in the
                            name of another person; or
                                ``(iii) to convert a donation to an
                            Inaugural Committee to personal use as
                            described in paragraph (2); and
                        ``(C) for a foreign national to, directly or
                    indirectly, make a donation, or make an express or
                    implied promise to make a donation, to an Inaugural
                    Committee.
                ``(2) Conversion of donation to personal use.--For purposes
            of paragraph (1)(B)(iii), a donation shall be considered to be
            converted to personal use if any part of the donated amount is
            used to fulfill a commitment, obligation, or expense of a
            person that would exist irrespective of the responsibilities of
            the Inaugural Committee under chapter 5 of title 36, United
            States Code.
                ``(3) No effect on disbursement of unused funds to
            nonprofit organizations.--Nothing in this subsection may be
            construed to prohibit an Inaugural Committee from disbursing
            unused funds to an organization which is described in section
            501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 and is exempt
            from taxation under section 501(a) of such Code.
        ``(b) Limitation on Donations.--
                ``(1) In general.--It shall be unlawful for an individual
            to make donations to an Inaugural Committee which, in the
            aggregate, exceed $50,000.
                ``(2) Indexing.--At the beginning of each Presidential
            election year (beginning with 2028), the amount described in
            paragraph (1) shall be increased by the cumulative percent
            difference determined in section 315(c)(1)(A) since the
            previous Presidential election year. If any amount after such
            increase is not a multiple of $1,000, such amount shall be
            rounded to the nearest multiple of $1,000.
        ``(c) Disclosure of Certain Donations and Disbursements.--
                ``(1) Donations over $1,000.--
                        ``(A) In general.--An Inaugural Committee shall
                    file with the Commission a report disclosing any
                    donation by an individual to the committee in an amount
                    of $1,000 or more not later than 24 hours after the
                    receipt of such donation.
                        ``(B) Contents of report.--A report filed under
                    subparagraph (A) shall contain--
                                ``(i) the amount of the donation;
                                ``(ii) the date the donation is received;
                            and
                                ``(iii) the name and address of the
                            individual making the donation.
                ``(2) Final report.--Not later than the date that is 90
            days after the date of the Presidential inaugural ceremony, the
            Inaugural Committee shall file with the Commission a report
            containing the following information:
                        ``(A) For each donation of money or anything of
                    value made to the committee in an aggregate amount
                    equal to or greater than $200--
                                ``(i) the amount of the donation;
                                ``(ii) the date the donation is received;
                            and
                                ``(iii) the name and address of the
                            individual making the donation.
                        ``(B) The total amount of all disbursements, and
                    all disbursements in the following categories:
                                ``(i) Disbursements made to meet committee
                            operating expenses.
                                ``(ii) Repayment of all loans.
                                ``(iii) Donation refunds and other offsets
                            to donations.
                                ``(iv) Any other disbursements.
                        ``(C) The name and address of each person--
                                ``(i) to whom a disbursement in an
                            aggregate amount or value in excess of $200 is
                            made by the committee to meet a committee
                            operating expense, together with date, amount,
                            and purpose of such operating expense;
                                ``(ii) who receives a loan repayment from
                            the committee, together with the date and
                            amount of such loan repayment;
                                ``(iii) who receives a donation refund or
                            other offset to donations from the committee,
                            together with the date and amount of such
                            disbursement; and
                                ``(iv) to whom any other disbursement in an
                            aggregate amount or value in excess of $200 is
                            made by the committee, together with the date
                            and amount of such disbursement.
        ``(d) Definitions.--For purposes of this section:
                ``(1)(A) The term `donation' includes--
                                ``(i) any gift, subscription, loan,
                            advance, or deposit of money or anything of
                            value made by any person to the committee; or
                                ``(ii) the payment by any person of
                            compensation for the personal services of
                            another person which are rendered to the
                            committee without charge for any purpose.
                        ``(B) The term `donation' does not include the
                    value of services provided without compensation by any
                    individual who volunteers on behalf of the committee.
                ``(2) The term `foreign national' has the meaning given
            that term by section 319(b).
                ``(3) The term `Inaugural Committee' has the meaning given
            that term by section 501 of title 36, United States Code.''.
        (b) Confirming Amendment Related to Reporting Requirements.--
    Section 304 of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C.
    30104) is amended--
                (1) by striking subsection (h); and
                (2) by redesignating subsection (i) as subsection (h).
        (c) Conforming Amendment Related to Status of Committee.--Section
    510 of title 36, United States Code, is amended to read as follows:
    ``Sec. 510. Disclosure of and prohibition on certain donations
        ``A committee shall not be considered to be the Inaugural Committee
    for purposes of this chapter unless the committee agrees to, and meets,
    the requirements of section 326 of the Federal Election Campaign Act of
    1971.''.
        (d) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this Act shall apply
    with respect to Inaugural Committees established under chapter 5 of
    title 36, United States Code, for inaugurations held in 2025 and any
    succeeding year.

                      Subtitle J--Miscellaneous Provisions

    SEC. 4901. EFFECTIVE DATES OF PROVISIONS.

        Each provision of this title and each amendment made by a provision
    of this title shall take effect on the effective date provided under
    this title for such provision or such amendment without regard to
    whether or not the Federal Election Commission, the Attorney General,
    or any other person has promulgated regulations to carry out such
    provision or such amendment.

    SEC. 4902. SEVERABILITY.

        If any provision of this title or amendment made by this title, or
    the application of a provision or amendment to any person or
    circumstance, is held to be unconstitutional, the remainder of this
    title and amendments made by this title, and the application of the
    provisions and amendment to any person or circumstance, shall not be
    affected by the holding.

                     TITLE V--CAMPAIGN FINANCE EMPOWERMENT

           Subtitle A--Findings Relating to Citizens United Decision

    Sec. 5001. Findings relating to Citizens United decision.
                      Subtitle B--Congressional Elections

    Sec. 5100. Short title.
                     Part 1--My Voice Voucher Pilot Program

    Sec. 5101. Establishment of pilot program.
    Sec. 5102. Voucher program described.
    Sec. 5103. Reports.
    Sec. 5104. Definitions.
       Part 2--Small Dollar Financing of Congressional Election Campaigns

    Sec. 5111. Benefits and eligibility requirements for candidates.
     ``TITLE V--SMALL DOLLAR FINANCING OF CONGRESSIONAL ELECTION CAMPAIGNS

                             ``Subtitle A--Benefits

            ``Sec. 501. Benefits for participating candidates.
            ``Sec. 502. Procedures for making payments.
            ``Sec. 503. Use of funds.
            ``Sec. 504. Qualified small dollar contributions described.
                  ``Subtitle B--Eligibility and Certification

            ``Sec. 511. Eligibility.
            ``Sec. 512. Qualifying requirements.
            ``Sec. 513. Certification.
     ``Subtitle C--Requirements for Candidates Certified as Participating
                                   Candidates

            ``Sec. 521. Contribution and expenditure requirements.
            ``Sec. 522. Administration of campaign.
            ``Sec. 523. Preventing unnecessary spending of public funds.
            ``Sec. 524. Remitting unspent funds after election.
                      ``Subtitle D--Enhanced Match Support

            ``Sec. 531. Enhanced support for general election.
            ``Sec. 532. Eligibility.
            ``Sec. 533. Amount.
            ``Sec. 534. Waiver of authority to retain portion of unspent
                                funds after election.
                    ``Subtitle E--Administrative Provisions

            ``Sec. 541. Freedom From Influence Fund.
            ``Sec. 542. Reviews and reports by Government Accountability
                                Office.
            ``Sec. 543. Administration by Commission.
            ``Sec. 544. Violations and penalties.
            ``Sec. 545. Appeals process.
            ``Sec. 546. Indexing of amounts.
            ``Sec. 547. Election cycle defined.
    Sec. 5112. Contributions and expenditures by multicandidate and
                                political party committees on behalf of
                                participating candidates.
    Sec. 5113. Prohibiting use of contributions by participating candidates
                                for purposes other than campaign for
                                election.
    Sec. 5114. Assessments against fines and penalties.
    Sec. 5115. Study and report on small dollar financing program.
    Sec. 5116. Effective date.
                       Subtitle C--Presidential Elections

    Sec. 5200. Short title.
                           Part 1--Primary Elections

    Sec. 5201. Increase in and modifications to matching payments.
    Sec. 5202. Eligibility requirements for matching payments.
    Sec. 5203. Repeal of expenditure limitations.
    Sec. 5204. Period of availability of matching payments.
    Sec. 5205. Examination and audits of matchable contributions.
    Sec. 5206. Modification to limitation on contributions for Presidential
                                primary candidates.
    Sec. 5207. Use of Freedom From Influence Fund as source of payments.
                           Part 2--General Elections

    Sec. 5211. Modification of eligibility requirements for public
                                financing.
    Sec. 5212. Repeal of expenditure limitations and use of qualified
                                campaign contributions.
    Sec. 5213. Matching payments and other modifications to payment
                                amounts.
    Sec. 5214. Increase in limit on coordinated party expenditures.
    Sec. 5215. Establishment of uniform date for release of payments.
    Sec. 5216. Amounts in Presidential Election Campaign Fund.
    Sec. 5217. Use of general election payments for general election legal
                                and accounting compliance.
    Sec. 5218. Use of Freedom From Influence Fund as source of payments.
                             Part 3--Effective Date

    Sec. 5221. Effective date.
     Subtitle D--Personal Use Services as Authorized Campaign Expenditures

    Sec. 5301. Short title; findings; purpose.
    Sec. 5302. Treatment of payments for child care and other personal use
                                services as authorized campaign
                                expenditure.
                 Subtitle E--Empowering Small Dollar Donations

    Sec. 5401. Permitting political party committees to provide enhanced
                                support for candidates through use of
                                separate small dollar accounts.
                            Subtitle F--Severability

    Sec. 5501. Severability.

           Subtitle A--Findings Relating to Citizens United Decision

    SEC. 5001. FINDINGS RELATING TO CITIZENS UNITED DECISION.

        Congress finds the following:
                (1) The American Republic was founded on the principle that
            all people are created equal, with rights and responsibilities
            as citizens to vote, be represented, speak, debate, and
            participate in self-government on equal terms regardless of
            wealth. To secure these rights and responsibilities, our
            Constitution not only protects the equal rights of all
            Americans but also provides checks and balances to prevent
            corruption and prevent concentrated power and wealth from
            undermining effective self-government.
                (2) The Founders designed the First Amendment to help
            prevent tyranny by ensuring that the people have the tools they
            need to ensure self-government and to keep their elected
            leaders responsive to the public. The Amendment thus guarantees
            the right of everyone to speak, to petition the government for
            redress, to assemble together, and for a free press. If only
            the wealthiest individuals can participate meaningfully in our
            democracy, then these First Amendment principles become an
            illusion.
                (3) Campaign finance laws promote these First Amendment
            interests. They increase robust debate from diverse voices,
            enhance the responsiveness of elected officeholders, and help
            prevent corruption. They do not censor anyone's speech but
            simply ensure that no one's speech is drowned out. The Supreme
            Court has failed to recognize that these laws are essential,
            proactive rules that help guarantee true democratic self-
            government.
                (4) The Supreme Court's decisions in Citizens United v.
            Federal Election Commission, 558 U.S. 310 (2010) and McCutcheon
            v. FEC, 572 U.S. 185 (2014), as well as other court decisions,
            erroneously invalidated even-handed rules about the spending of
            money in local, State, and Federal elections. These rules do
            not prevent anyone from speaking their mind, much less pick
            winners and losers of political debates. Although the Court has
            upheld other content-neutral laws like these, it has failed to
            apply to same logic to campaign finance laws. These flawed
            decisions have empowered large corporations, extremely wealthy
            individuals, and special interests to dominate election
            spending, corrupt our politics, and degrade our democracy
            through tidal waves of unlimited and anonymous spending. These
            decisions also stand in contrast to a long history of efforts
            by Congress and the States to regulate money in politics to
            protect democracy, and they illustrate a troubling deregulatory
            trend in campaign finance-related court decisions.
            Additionally, an unknown amount of foreign money continues to
            be spent in our political system as subsidiaries of foreign-
            based corporations and hostile foreign actors sometimes
            connected to nation-states work to influence our elections.
                (5) The Supreme Court's misinterpretation of the
            Constitution to empower monied interests at the expense of the
            American people in elections has seriously eroded over 100
            years of congressional action to promote fairness and protect
            elections from the toxic influence of money.
                (6) In 1907, Congress passed the Tillman Act in response to
            the concentration of corporate power in the post-Civil War
            Gilded Age. The Act prohibited corporations from making
            contributions in connection with Federal elections, aiming
            ``not merely to prevent the subversion of the integrity of the
            electoral process [but] * * * to sustain the active, alert
            responsibility of the individual citizen in a democracy for the
            wise conduct of government''.
                (7) By 1910, Congress began passing disclosure requirements
            and campaign expenditure limits, and dozens of States passed
            corrupt practices Acts to prohibit corporate spending in
            elections. States also enacted campaign spending limits, and
            some States limited the amount that people could contribute to
            campaigns.
                (8) In 1947, the Taft-Hartley Act prohibited corporations
            and unions from making campaign contributions or other
            expenditures to influence elections. In 1962, a Presidential
            commission on election spending recommended spending limits and
            incentives to increase small contributions from more people.
                (9) The Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (FECA), as
            amended in 1974, required disclosure of contributions and
            expenditures, imposed contribution and expenditure limits for
            individuals and groups, set spending limits for campaigns,
            candidates, and groups, implemented a public funding system for
            Presidential campaigns, and created the Federal Election
            Commission to oversee and enforce the new rules.
                (10) In the wake of Citizens United and other damaging
            Federal court decisions, Americans have witnessed an explosion
            of outside spending in elections. Outside spending increased
            more than 700 percent between the 2008 and 2020 Presidential
            election years. Spending by outside groups nearly doubled again
            from 2016 to 2020 with super PACs, tax-exempt groups, and
            others spending more than $3,000,000,000. And as political
            entities adapt to a post-Citizens United, post-McCutcheon
            landscape, these trends are getting worse, as evidenced by the
            record-setting 2020 elections which cost more than
            $14,000,000,000 in total.
                (11) Since the landmark Citizens United decision, 21 States
            and more than 800 municipalities, including large cities like
            New York, Los Angeles, Chicago, and Philadelphia, have gone on
            record supporting a constitutional amendment. Transcending
            political leanings and geographic location, voters in States
            and municipalities across the country that have placed
            amendment questions on the ballot have routinely supported
            these initiatives by considerably large margins.
                (12) The Court has tied the hands of Congress and the
            States, severely restricting them from setting reasonable
            limits on campaign spending. For example, the Court has held
            that only the Government's interest in preventing quid pro quo
            corruption, like bribery, or the appearance of such corruption,
            can justify limits on campaign contributions. More broadly, the
            Court has severely curtailed attempts to reduce the ability of
            the Nation's wealthiest and most powerful to skew our democracy
            in their favor by buying outsized influence in our elections.
            Because this distortion of the Constitution has prevented other
            critical regulation or reform of the way we finance elections
            in America, a constitutional amendment is needed to achieve a
            democracy for all the people.
                (13) The torrent of money flowing into our political system
            has a profound effect on the democratic process for everyday
            Americans, whose voices and policy preferences are increasingly
            being drowned out by those of wealthy special interests. The
            more campaign cash from wealthy special interests can flood our
            elections, the more policies that favor those interests are
            reflected in the national political agenda. When it comes to
            policy preferences, our Nation's wealthiest tend to have
            fundamentally different views than do average Americans when it
            comes to issues ranging from unemployment benefits to the
            minimum wage to health care coverage.
                (14) At the same time millions of Americans have signed
            petitions, marched, called their Members of Congress, written
            letters to the editor, and otherwise demonstrated their public
            support for a constitutional amendment to overturn Citizens
            United that will allow Congress to reign in the outsized
            influence of unchecked money in politics. Dozens of
            organizations, representing tens of millions of individuals,
            have come together in a shared strategy of supporting such an
            amendment.
                (15) In order to protect the integrity of democracy and the
            electoral process and to ensure political equality for all, the
            Constitution should be amended so that Congress and the States
            may regulate and set limits on the raising and spending of
            money to influence elections and may distinguish between
            natural persons and artificial entities, like corporations,
            that are created by law, including by prohibiting such
            artificial entities from spending money to influence elections.

                      Subtitle B--Congressional Elections

    SEC. 5100. SHORT TITLE.

        This subtitle may be cited as the ``Government By the People Act of
    2021''.

                     PART 1--MY VOICE VOUCHER PILOT PROGRAM

    SEC. 5101. ESTABLISHMENT OF PILOT PROGRAM.

        (a) Establishment.--The Federal Election Commission (hereafter in
    this part referred to as the ``Commission'') shall establish a pilot
    program under which the Commission shall select 3 eligible States to
    operate a voucher pilot program which is described in section 5102
    during the program operation period.
        (b) Eligibility of States.--A State is eligible to be selected to
    operate a voucher pilot program under this part if, not later than 180
    days after the beginning of the program application period, the State
    submits to the Commission an application containing--
                (1) information and assurances that the State will operate
            a voucher program which contains the elements described in
            section 5102(a);
                (2) information and assurances that the State will
            establish fraud prevention mechanisms described in section
            5102(b);
                (3) information and assurances that the State will
            establish a commission to oversee and implement the program as
            described in section 5102(c);
                (4) information and assurances that the State will carry
            out a public information campaign as described in section
            5102(d);
                (5) information and assurances that the State will submit
            reports as required under section 5103; and
                (6) such other information and assurances as the Commission
            may require.
        (c) Selection of Participating States.--
                (1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the beginning
            of the program application period, the Commission shall select
            the 3 States which will operate voucher pilot programs under
            this part.
                (2) Criteria.--In selecting States for the operation of the
            voucher pilot programs under this part, the Commission shall
            apply such criteria and metrics as the Commission considers
            appropriate to determine the ability of a State to operate the
            program successfully, and shall attempt to select States in a
            variety of geographic regions and with a variety of political
            party preferences.
                (3) No supermajority required for selection.--The selection
            of States by the Commission under this subsection shall require
            the approval of only half of the Members of the Commission.
        (d) Duties of States During Program Preparation Period.--During the
    program preparation period, each State selected to operate a voucher
    pilot program under this part shall take such actions as may be
    necessary to ensure that the State will be ready to operate the program
    during the program operation period, and shall complete such actions
    not later than 90 days before the beginning of the program operation
    period.
        (e) Termination.--Each voucher pilot program under this part shall
    terminate as of the first day after the program operation period.
        (f) Reimbursement of Costs.--
                (1) Reimbursement.--Upon receiving the report submitted by
            a State under section 5103(a) with respect to an election
            cycle, the Commission shall transmit a payment to the State in
            an amount equal to the reasonable costs incurred by the State
            in operating the voucher pilot program under this part during
            the cycle.
                (2) Source of funds.--Payments to States under the program
            shall be made using amounts in the Freedom From Influence Fund
            under section 541 of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971
            (as added by section 5111), hereafter referred to as the
            ``Fund''.
                (3) Mandatory reduction of payments in case of insufficient
            amounts in freedom from influence fund.--
                        (A) Advance audits by commission.--Not later than
                    90 days before the first day of each program operation
                    period, the Commission shall--
                                (i) audit the Fund to determine whether,
                            after first making payments to participating
                            candidates under title V of the Federal
                            Election Campaign Act of 1971 (as added by
                            section 5111), the amounts remaining in the
                            Fund will be sufficient to make payments to
                            States under this part in the amounts provided
                            under this subsection; and
                                (ii) submit a report to Congress describing
                            the results of the audit.
                        (B) Reductions in amount of payments.--
                                (i) Automatic reduction on pro rata
                            basis.--If, on the basis of the audit described
                            in subparagraph (A), the Commission determines
                            that the amount anticipated to be available in
                            the Fund with respect to an election cycle
                            involved is not, or may not be, sufficient to
                            make payments to States under this part in the
                            full amount provided under this subsection, the
                            Commission shall reduce each amount which would
                            otherwise be paid to a State under this
                            subsection by such pro rata amount as may be
                            necessary to ensure that the aggregate amount
                            of payments anticipated to be made with respect
                            to the cycle will not exceed the amount
                            anticipated to be available for such payments
                            in the Fund with respect to such cycle.
                                (ii) Restoration of reductions in case of
                            availability of sufficient funds during
                            election cycle.--If, after reducing the amounts
                            paid to States with respect to an election
                            cycle under clause (i), the Commission
                            determines that there are sufficient amounts in
                            the Fund to restore the amount by which such
                            payments were reduced (or any portion thereof),
                            to the extent that such amounts are available,
                            the Commission may make a payment on a pro rata
                            basis to each such State with respect to the
                            cycle in the amount by which such State's
                            payments were reduced under clause (i) (or any
                            portion thereof, as the case may be).
                                (iii) No use of amounts from other
                            sources.--In any case in which the Commission
                            determines that there are insufficient moneys
                            in the Fund to make payments to States under
                            this part, moneys shall not be made available
                            from any other source for the purpose of making
                            such payments.
                (4) Cap on amount of payment.--The aggregate amount of
            payments made to any State with respect to any program
            operation period may not exceed $10,000,000. If the State
            determines that the maximum payment amount under this paragraph
            with respect to the program operation period involved is not,
            or may not be, sufficient to cover the reasonable costs
            incurred by the State in operating the program under this part
            for such period, the State shall reduce the amount of the
            voucher provided to each qualified individual by such pro rata
            amount as may be necessary to ensure that the reasonable costs
            incurred by the State in operating the program will not exceed
            the amount paid to the State with respect to such period.

    SEC. 5102. VOUCHER PROGRAM DESCRIBED.

        (a) General Elements of Program.--
                (1) Elements described.--The elements of a voucher pilot
            program operated by a State under this part are as follows:
                        (A) The State shall provide each qualified
                    individual upon the individual's request with a voucher
                    worth $25 to be known as a ``My Voice Voucher'' during
                    the election cycle which will be assigned a routing
                    number and which at the option of the individual will
                    be provided in either paper or electronic form.
                        (B) Using the routing number assigned to the My
                    Voice Voucher, the individual may submit the My Voice
                    Voucher in either electronic or paper form to qualified
                    candidates for election for the office of
                    Representative in, or Delegate or Resident Commissioner
                    to, the Congress and allocate such portion of the value
                    of the My Voice Voucher in increments of $5 as the
                    individual may select to any such candidate.
                        (C) If the candidate transmits the My Voice Voucher
                    to the Commission, the Commission shall pay the
                    candidate the portion of the value of the My Voice
                    Voucher that the individual allocated to the candidate,
                    which shall be considered a contribution by the
                    individual to the candidate for purposes of the Federal
                    Election Campaign Act of 1971.
                (2) Designation of qualified individuals.--For purposes of
            paragraph (1)(A), a ``qualified individual'' with respect to a
            State means an individual--
                        (A) who is a resident of the State;
                        (B) who will be of voting age as of the date of the
                    election for the candidate to whom the individual
                    submits a My Voice Voucher; and
                        (C) who is not prohibited under Federal law from
                    making contributions to candidates for election for
                    Federal office.
                (3) Treatment as contribution to candidate.--For purposes
            of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971, the submission of
            a My Voice Voucher to a candidate by an individual shall be
            treated as a contribution to the candidate by the individual in
            the amount of the portion of the value of the Voucher that the
            individual allocated to the candidate.
        (b) Fraud Prevention Mechanism.--In addition to the elements
    described in subsection (a), a State operating a voucher pilot program
    under this part shall permit an individual to revoke a My Voice Voucher
    not later than 2 days after submitting the My Voice Voucher to a
    candidate.
        (c) Oversight Commission.--In addition to the elements described in
    subsection (a), a State operating a voucher pilot program under this
    part shall establish a commission or designate an existing entity to
    oversee and implement the program in the State, except that no such
    commission or entity may be comprised of elected officials.
        (d) Public Information Campaign.--In addition to the elements
    described in subsection (a), a State operating a voucher pilot program
    under this part shall carry out a public information campaign to
    disseminate awareness of the program among qualified individuals.

    SEC. 5103. REPORTS.

        (a) Preliminary Report.--Not later than 6 months after the first
    election cycle of the program operation period, a State which operates
    a voucher pilot program under this part shall submit a report to the
    Commission analyzing the operation and effectiveness of the program
    during the cycle and including such other information as the Commission
    may require.
        (b) Final Report.--Not later than 6 months after the end of the
    program operation period, the State shall submit a final report to the
    Commission analyzing the operation and effectiveness of the program and
    including such other information as the Commission may require.
        (c) Study and Report on Impact and Effectiveness of Voucher
    Programs.--
                (1) Study.--The Federal Election Commission shall conduct a
            study on the efficacy of political voucher programs, including
            the program under this part and other similar programs, in
            expanding and diversifying the pool of individuals who
            participate in the electoral process, including those who
            participate as donors and those who participate as candidates.
                (2) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the
            enactment of this Act, the Commission shall publish and submit
            to Congress a report on the study conducted under subsection
            (a), and shall include in the report such recommendations as
            the Commission considers appropriate which would enable
            political voucher programs to be implemented on a national
            scale.

    SEC. 5104. DEFINITIONS.

        (a) Election Cycle.--In this part, the term ``election cycle''
    means the period beginning on the day after the date of the most recent
    regularly scheduled general election for Federal office and ending on
    the date of the next regularly scheduled general election for Federal
    office.
        (b) Definitions Relating to Periods.--In this part, the following
    definitions apply:
                (1) Program application period.--The term ``program
            application period'' means the first election cycle which
            begins after the date of the enactment of this Act.
                (2) Program preparation period.--The term ``program
            preparation period'' means the first election cycle which
            begins after the program application period.
                (3) Program operation period.--The term ``program operation
            period'' means the first 2 election cycles which begin after
            the program preparation period.

       PART 2--SMALL DOLLAR FINANCING OF CONGRESSIONAL ELECTION CAMPAIGNS

    SEC. 5111. BENEFITS AND ELIGIBILITY REQUIREMENTS FOR CANDIDATES.

        The Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30101 et seq.)
    is amended by adding at the end the following:

     ``TITLE V--SMALL DOLLAR FINANCING OF CONGRESSIONAL ELECTION CAMPAIGNS

                             ``Subtitle A--Benefits

    ``SEC. 501. BENEFITS FOR PARTICIPATING CANDIDATES.

        ``(a) In General.--If a candidate for election to the office of
    Representative in, or Delegate or Resident Commissioner to, the
    Congress is certified as a participating candidate under this title
    with respect to an election for such office, the candidate shall be
    entitled to payments as provided under this title.
        ``(b) Amount of Payment.--The amount of a payment made under this
    title shall be equal to 600 percent of the amount of qualified small
    dollar contributions received by the candidate since the most recent
    payment made to the candidate under this title during the election
    cycle, without regard to whether or not the candidate received any of
    the contributions before, during, or after the Small Dollar Democracy
    qualifying period applicable to the candidate under section 511(c).
        ``(c) Limit on Aggregate Amount of Payments.--The aggregate amount
    of payments made to a participating candidate with respect to an
    election cycle under this title may not exceed 50 percent of the
    average of the 20 greatest amounts of disbursements made by the
    authorized committees of any winning candidate for the office of
    Representative in, or Delegate or Resident Commissioner to, the
    Congress during the most recent election cycle, rounded to the nearest
    $100,000.

    ``SEC. 502. PROCEDURES FOR MAKING PAYMENTS.

        ``(a) In General.--The Commission shall make a payment under
    section 501 to a candidate who is certified as a participating
    candidate upon receipt from the candidate of a request for a payment
    which includes--
                ``(1) a statement of the number and amount of qualified
            small dollar contributions received by the candidate since the
            most recent payment made to the candidate under this title
            during the election cycle;
                ``(2) a statement of the amount of the payment the
            candidate anticipates receiving with respect to the request;
                ``(3) a statement of the total amount of payments the
            candidate has received under this title as of the date of the
            statement; and
                ``(4) such other information and assurances as the
            Commission may require.
        ``(b) Restrictions on Submission of Requests.--A candidate may not
    submit a request under subsection (a) unless each of the following
    applies:
                ``(1) The amount of the qualified small dollar
            contributions in the statement referred to in subsection (a)(1)
            is equal to or greater than $5,000, unless the request is
            submitted during the 30-day period which ends on the date of a
            general election.
                ``(2) The candidate did not receive a payment under this
            title during the 7-day period which ends on the date the
            candidate submits the request.
        ``(c) Time of Payment.--The Commission shall, in coordination with
    the Secretary of the Treasury, take such steps as may be necessary to
    ensure that the Secretary is able to make payments under this section
    from the Treasury not later than 2 business days after the receipt of a
    request submitted under subsection (a).

    ``SEC. 503. USE OF FUNDS.

        ``(a) Use of Funds for Authorized Campaign Expenditures.--A
    candidate shall use payments made under this title, including payments
    provided with respect to a previous election cycle which are withheld
    from remittance to the Commission in accordance with section 524(a)(2),
    only for making direct payments for the receipt of goods and services
    which constitute authorized expenditures (as determined in accordance
    with title III) in connection with the election cycle involved.
        ``(b) Prohibiting Use of Funds for Legal Expenses, Fines, or
    Penalties.--Notwithstanding title III, a candidate may not use payments
    made under this title for the payment of expenses incurred in
    connection with any action, claim, or other matter before the
    Commission or before any court, hearing officer, arbitrator, or other
    dispute resolution entity, or for the payment of any fine or civil
    monetary penalty.

    ``SEC. 504. QUALIFIED SMALL DOLLAR CONTRIBUTIONS DESCRIBED.

        ``(a) In General.--In this title, the term `qualified small dollar
    contribution' means, with respect to a candidate and the authorized
    committees of a candidate, a contribution that meets the following
    requirements:
                ``(1) The contribution is in an amount that is--
                        ``(A) not less than $1; and
                        ``(B) not more than $200.
                ``(2)(A) The contribution is made directly by an individual
            to the candidate or an authorized committee of the candidate
            and is not--
                        ``(i) forwarded from the individual making the
                    contribution to the candidate or committee by another
                    person; or
                        ``(ii) received by the candidate or committee with
                    the knowledge that the contribution was made at the
                    request, suggestion, or recommendation of another
                    person.
                ``(B) In this paragraph--
                        ``(i) the term `person' does not include an
                    individual (other than an individual described in
                    section 304(i)(7) of the Federal Election Campaign Act
                    of 1971), a political committee of a political party,
                    or any political committee which is not a separate
                    segregated fund described in section 316(b) of the
                    Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 and which does
                    not make contributions or independent expenditures,
                    does not engage in lobbying activity under the Lobbying
                    Disclosure Act of 1995 (2 U.S.C. 1601 et seq.), and is
                    not established by, controlled by, or affiliated with a
                    registered lobbyist under such Act, an agent of a
                    registered lobbyist under such Act, or an organization
                    which retains or employs a registered lobbyist under
                    such Act; and
                        ``(ii) a contribution is not `made at the request,
                    suggestion, or recommendation of another person' solely
                    on the grounds that the contribution is made in
                    response to information provided to the individual
                    making the contribution by any person, so long as the
                    candidate or authorized committee does not know the
                    identity of the person who provided the information to
                    such individual.
                ``(3) The individual who makes the contribution does not
            make contributions to the candidate or the authorized
            committees of the candidate with respect to the election
            involved in an aggregate amount that exceeds the amount
            described in paragraph (1)(B), or any contribution to the
            candidate or the authorized committees of the candidate with
            respect to the election involved that otherwise is not a
            qualified small dollar contribution.
        ``(b) Treatment of My Voice Vouchers.--Any payment received by a
    candidate and the authorized committees of a candidate which consists
    of a My Voice Voucher under the Government By the People Act of 2021
    shall be considered a qualified small dollar contribution for purposes
    of this title, so long as the individual making the payment meets the
    requirements of paragraphs (2) and (3) of subsection (a).
        ``(c) Restriction on Subsequent Contributions.--
                ``(1) Prohibiting donor from making subsequent nonqualified
            contributions during election cycle.--
                        ``(A) In general.--An individual who makes a
                    qualified small dollar contribution to a candidate or
                    the authorized committees of a candidate with respect
                    to an election may not make any subsequent contribution
                    to such candidate or the authorized committees of such
                    candidate with respect to the election cycle which is
                    not a qualified small dollar contribution.
                        ``(B) Exception for contributions to candidates who
                    voluntarily withdraw from participation during
                    qualifying period.--Subparagraph (A) does not apply
                    with respect to a contribution made to a candidate who,
                    during the Small Dollar Democracy qualifying period
                    described in section 511(c), submits a statement to the
                    Commission under section 513(c) to voluntarily withdraw
                    from participating in the program under this title.
                ``(2) Treatment of subsequent nonqualified contributions.--
            If, notwithstanding the prohibition described in paragraph (1),
            an individual who makes a qualified small dollar contribution
            to a candidate or the authorized committees of a candidate with
            respect to an election makes a subsequent contribution to such
            candidate or the authorized committees of such candidate with
            respect to the election which is prohibited under paragraph (1)
            because it is not a qualified small dollar contribution, the
            candidate may take one of the following actions:
                        ``(A) Not later than 2 weeks after receiving the
                    contribution, the candidate may return the subsequent
                    contribution to the individual. In the case of a
                    subsequent contribution which is not a qualified small
                    dollar contribution because the contribution fails to
                    meet the requirements of paragraph (3) of subsection
                    (a) (relating to the aggregate amount of contributions
                    made to the candidate or the authorized committees of
                    the candidate by the individual making the
                    contribution), the candidate may return an amount equal
                    to the difference between the amount of the subsequent
                    contribution and the amount described in paragraph
                    (1)(B) of subsection (a).
                        ``(B) The candidate may retain the subsequent
                    contribution, so long as not later than 2 weeks after
                    receiving the subsequent contribution, the candidate
                    remits to the Commission for deposit in the Freedom
                    From Influence Fund under section 541 an amount equal
                    to any payments received by the candidate under this
                    title which are attributable to the qualified small
                    dollar contribution made by the individual involved.
                ``(3) No effect on ability to make multiple
            contributions.--Nothing in this section may be construed to
            prohibit an individual from making multiple qualified small
            dollar contributions to any candidate or any number of
            candidates, so long as each contribution meets each of the
            requirements of paragraphs (1), (2), and (3) of subsection (a).
        ``(d) Notification Requirements for Candidates.--
                ``(1) Notification.--Each authorized committee of a
            candidate who seeks to be a participating candidate under this
            title shall provide the following information in any materials
            for the solicitation of contributions, including any internet
            site through which individuals may make contributions to the
            committee:
                        ``(A) A statement that if the candidate is
                    certified as a participating candidate under this
                    title, the candidate will receive matching payments in
                    an amount which is based on the total amount of
                    qualified small dollar contributions received.
                        ``(B) A statement that a contribution which meets
                    the requirements set forth in subsection (a) shall be
                    treated as a qualified small dollar contribution under
                    this title.
                        ``(C) A statement that if a contribution is treated
                    as qualified small dollar contribution under this
                    title, the individual who makes the contribution may
                    not make any contribution to the candidate or the
                    authorized committees of the candidate during the
                    election cycle which is not a qualified small dollar
                    contribution.
                ``(2) Alternative methods of meeting requirements.--An
            authorized committee may meet the requirements of paragraph
            (1)--
                        ``(A) by including the information described in
                    paragraph (1) in the receipt provided under section
                    512(b)(3) to a person making a qualified small dollar
                    contribution; or
                        ``(B) by modifying the information it provides to
                    persons making contributions which is otherwise
                    required under title III (including information it
                    provides through the internet).

                  ``Subtitle B--Eligibility and Certification

    ``SEC. 511. ELIGIBILITY.

        ``(a) In General.--A candidate for the office of Representative in,
    or Delegate or Resident Commissioner to, the Congress is eligible to be
    certified as a participating candidate under this title with respect to
    an election if the candidate meets the following requirements:
                ``(1) The candidate files with the Commission a statement
            of intent to seek certification as a participating candidate.
                ``(2) The candidate meets the qualifying requirements of
            section 512.
                ``(3) The candidate files with the Commission a statement
            certifying that the authorized committees of the candidate meet
            the requirements of section 504(d).
                ``(4) Not later than the last day of the Small Dollar
            Democracy qualifying period, the candidate files with the
            Commission an affidavit signed by the candidate and the
            treasurer of the candidate's principal campaign committee
            declaring that the candidate--
                        ``(A) has complied and, if certified, will comply
                    with the contribution and expenditure requirements of
                    section 521;
                        ``(B) if certified, will run only as a
                    participating candidate for all elections for the
                    office that such candidate is seeking during that
                    election cycle; and
                        ``(C) has either qualified or will take steps to
                    qualify under State law to be on the ballot.
        ``(b) General Election.--Notwithstanding subsection (a), a
    candidate shall not be eligible to be certified as a participating
    candidate under this title for a general election or a general runoff
    election unless the candidate's party nominated the candidate to be
    placed on the ballot for the general election or the candidate is
    otherwise qualified to be on the ballot under State law.
        ``(c) Small Dollar Democracy Qualifying Period Defined.--The term
    `Small Dollar Democracy qualifying period' means, with respect to any
    candidate for an office, the 180-day period (during the election cycle
    for such office) which begins on the date on which the candidate files
    a statement of intent under section 511(a)(1), except that such period
    may not continue after the date that is 30 days before the date of the
    general election for the office.

    ``SEC. 512. QUALIFYING REQUIREMENTS.

        ``(a) Receipt of Qualified Small Dollar Contributions.--A candidate
    for the office of Representative in, or Delegate or Resident
    Commissioner to, the Congress meets the requirement of this section if,
    during the Small Dollar Democracy qualifying period described in
    section 511(c), each of the following occurs:
                ``(1) Not fewer than 1,000 individuals make a qualified
            small dollar contribution to the candidate.
                ``(2) The candidate obtains a total dollar amount of
            qualified small dollar contributions which is equal to or
            greater than $50,000.
        ``(b) Requirements Relating to Receipt of Qualified Small Dollar
    Contribution.--Each qualified small dollar contribution--
                ``(1) may be made by means of a personal check, money
            order, debit card, credit card, electronic payment account, or
            any other method deemed appropriate by the Commission;
                ``(2) shall be accompanied by a signed statement (or, in
            the case of a contribution made online or through other
            electronic means, an electronic equivalent) containing the
            contributor's name and address; and
                ``(3) shall be acknowledged by a receipt that is sent to
            the contributor with a copy (in paper or electronic form) kept
            by the candidate for the Commission.
        ``(c) Verification of Contributions.--The Commission shall
    establish procedures for the auditing and verification of the
    contributions received and expenditures made by participating
    candidates under this title, including procedures for random audits, to
    ensure that such contributions and expenditures meet the requirements
    of this title.

    ``SEC. 513. CERTIFICATION.

        ``(a) Deadline and Notification.--
                ``(1) In general.--Not later than 5 business days after a
            candidate files an affidavit under section 511(a)(4), the
            Commission shall--
                        ``(A) determine whether or not the candidate meets
                    the requirements for certification as a participating
                    candidate;
                        ``(B) if the Commission determines that the
                    candidate meets such requirements, certify the
                    candidate as a participating candidate; and
                        ``(C) notify the candidate of the Commission's
                    determination.
                ``(2) Deemed certification for all elections in election
            cycle.--If the Commission certifies a candidate as a
            participating candidate with respect to the first election of
            the election cycle involved, the Commission shall be deemed to
            have certified the candidate as a participating candidate with
            respect to all subsequent elections of the election cycle.
        ``(b) Revocation of Certification.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Commission shall revoke a
            certification under subsection (a) if--
                        ``(A) a candidate fails to qualify to appear on the
                    ballot at any time after the date of certification
                    (other than a candidate certified as a participating
                    candidate with respect to a primary election who fails
                    to qualify to appear on the ballot for a subsequent
                    election in that election cycle);
                        ``(B) a candidate ceases to be a candidate for the
                    office involved, as determined on the basis of an
                    official announcement by an authorized committee of the
                    candidate or on the basis of a reasonable determination
                    by the Commission; or
                        ``(C) a candidate otherwise fails to comply with
                    the requirements of this title, including any
                    regulatory requirements prescribed by the Commission.
                ``(2) Existence of criminal sanction.--The Commission shall
            revoke a certification under subsection (a) if a penalty is
            assessed against the candidate under section 309(d) with
            respect to the election.
                ``(3) Effect of revocation.--If a candidate's certification
            is revoked under this subsection--
                        ``(A) the candidate may not receive payments under
                    this title during the remainder of the election cycle
                    involved; and
                        ``(B) in the case of a candidate whose
                    certification is revoked pursuant to subparagraph (A)
                    or subparagraph (C) of paragraph (1)--
                                ``(i) the candidate shall repay to the
                            Freedom From Influence Fund established under
                            section 541 an amount equal to the payments
                            received under this title with respect to the
                            election cycle involved plus interest (at a
                            rate determined by the Commission on the basis
                            of an appropriate annual percentage rate for
                            the month involved) on any such amount
                            received; and
                                ``(ii) the candidate may not be certified
                            as a participating candidate under this title
                            with respect to the next election cycle.
                ``(4) Prohibiting participation in future elections for
            candidates with multiple revocations.--If the Commission
            revokes the certification of an individual as a participating
            candidate under this title pursuant to subparagraph (A) or
            subparagraph (C) of paragraph (1) a total of 3 times, the
            individual may not be certified as a participating candidate
            under this title with respect to any subsequent election.
        ``(c) Voluntary Withdrawal From Participating During Qualifying
    Period.--At any time during the Small Dollar Democracy qualifying
    period described in section 511(c), a candidate may withdraw from
    participation in the program under this title by submitting to the
    Commission a statement of withdrawal (without regard to whether or not
    the Commission has certified the candidate as a participating candidate
    under this title as of the time the candidate submits such statement),
    so long as the candidate has not submitted a request for payment under
    section 502.
        ``(d) Participating Candidate Defined.--In this title, a
    `participating candidate' means a candidate for the office of
    Representative in, or Delegate or Resident Commissioner to, the
    Congress who is certified under this section as eligible to receive
    benefits under this title.

     ``Subtitle C--Requirements for Candidates Certified as Participating
                                   Candidates

    ``SEC. 521. CONTRIBUTION AND EXPENDITURE REQUIREMENTS.

        ``(a) Permitted Sources of Contributions and Expenditures.--Except
    as provided in subsection (c), a participating candidate with respect
    to an election shall, with respect to all elections occurring during
    the election cycle for the office involved, accept no contributions
    from any source and make no expenditures from any amounts, other than
    the following:
                ``(1) Qualified small dollar contributions.
                ``(2) Payments under this title.
                ``(3) Contributions from political committees established
            and maintained by a national or State political party, subject
            to the applicable limitations of section 315.
                ``(4) Subject to subsection (b), personal funds of the
            candidate or of any immediate family member of the candidate
            (other than funds received through qualified small dollar
            contributions).
                ``(5) Contributions from individuals who are otherwise
            permitted to make contributions under this Act, subject to the
            applicable limitations of section 315, except that the
            aggregate amount of contributions a participating candidate may
            accept from any individual with respect to any election during
            the election cycle may not exceed $1,000.
                ``(6) Contributions from multicandidate political
            committees, subject to the applicable limitations of section
            315.
        ``(b) Special Rules for Personal Funds.--
                ``(1) Limit on amount.--A candidate who is certified as a
            participating candidate may use personal funds (including
            personal funds of any immediate family member of the candidate)
            so long as--
                        ``(A) the aggregate amount used with respect to the
                    election cycle (including any period of the cycle
                    occurring prior to the candidate's certification as a
                    participating candidate) does not exceed $50,000; and
                        ``(B) the funds are used only for making direct
                    payments for the receipt of goods and services which
                    constitute authorized expenditures in connection with
                    the election cycle involved.
                ``(2) Immediate family member defined.--In this subsection,
            the term `immediate family member' means, with respect to a
            candidate--
                        ``(A) the candidate's spouse;
                        ``(B) a child, stepchild, parent, grandparent,
                    brother, half-brother, sister, or half-sister of the
                    candidate or the candidate's spouse; and
                        ``(C) the spouse of any person described in
                    subparagraph (B).
        ``(c) Exceptions.--
                ``(1) Exception for contributions received prior to filing
            of statement of intent.--A candidate who has accepted
            contributions that are not described in subsection (a) is not
            in violation of subsection (a), but only if all such
            contributions are--
                        ``(A) returned to the contributor;
                        ``(B) submitted to the Commission for deposit in
                    the Freedom From Influence Fund established under
                    section 541; or
                        ``(C) spent in accordance with paragraph (2).
                ``(2) Exception for expenditures made prior to filing of
            statement of intent.--If a candidate has made expenditures
            prior to the date the candidate files a statement of intent
            under section 511(a)(1) that the candidate is prohibited from
            making under subsection (a) or subsection (b), the candidate is
            not in violation of such subsection if the aggregate amount of
            the prohibited expenditures is less than the amount referred to
            in section 512(a)(2) (relating to the total dollar amount of
            qualified small dollar contributions which the candidate is
            required to obtain) which is applicable to the candidate.
                ``(3) Exception for campaign surpluses from a previous
            election.--Notwithstanding paragraph (1), unexpended
            contributions received by the candidate or an authorized
            committee of the candidate with respect to a previous election
            may be retained, but only if the candidate places the funds in
            escrow and refrains from raising additional funds for or
            spending funds from that account during the election cycle in
            which a candidate is a participating candidate.
                ``(4) Exception for contributions received before the
            effective date of this title.--Contributions received and
            expenditures made by the candidate or an authorized committee
            of the candidate prior to the effective date of this title
            shall not constitute a violation of subsection (a) or (b).
            Unexpended contributions shall be treated the same as campaign
            surpluses under paragraph (3), and expenditures made shall
            count against the limit in paragraph (2).
        ``(d) Special Rule for Coordinated Party Expenditures.--For
    purposes of this section, a payment made by a political party in
    coordination with a participating candidate shall not be treated as a
    contribution to or as an expenditure made by the participating
    candidate.
        ``(e) Prohibition on Joint Fundraising Committees.--
                ``(1) Prohibition.--An authorized committee of a candidate
            who is certified as a participating candidate under this title
            with respect to an election may not establish a joint
            fundraising committee with a political committee other than
            another authorized committee of the candidate.
                ``(2) Status of existing committees for prior elections.--
            If a candidate established a joint fundraising committee
            described in paragraph (1) with respect to a prior election for
            which the candidate was not certified as a participating
            candidate under this title and the candidate does not terminate
            the committee, the candidate shall not be considered to be in
            violation of paragraph (1) so long as that joint fundraising
            committee does not receive any contributions or make any
            disbursements during the election cycle for which the candidate
            is certified as a participating candidate under this title.
        ``(f) Prohibition on Leadership PACs.--
                ``(1) Prohibition.--A candidate who is certified as a
            participating candidate under this title with respect to an
            election may not associate with, establish, finance, maintain,
            or control a leadership PAC.
                ``(2) Status of existing leadership pacs.--If a candidate
            established, financed, maintained, or controlled a leadership
            PAC prior to being certified as a participating candidate under
            this title and the candidate does not terminate the leadership
            PAC, the candidate shall not be considered to be in violation
            of paragraph (1) so long as the leadership PAC does not receive
            any contributions or make any disbursements during the election
            cycle for which the candidate is certified as a participating
            candidate under this title.
                ``(3) Leadership pac defined.--In this subsection, the term
            `leadership PAC' has the meaning given such term in section
            304(i)(8)(B).

    ``SEC. 522. ADMINISTRATION OF CAMPAIGN.

        ``(a) Separate Accounting for Various Permitted Contributions.--
    Each authorized committee of a candidate certified as a participating
    candidate under this title--
                ``(1) shall provide for separate accounting of each type of
            contribution described in section 521(a) which is received by
            the committee; and
                ``(2) shall provide for separate accounting for the
            payments received under this title.
        ``(b) Enhanced Disclosure of Information on Donors.--
                ``(1) Mandatory identification of individuals making
            qualified small dollar contributions.--Each authorized
            committee of a participating candidate under this title shall,
            in accordance with section 304(b)(3)(A), include in the reports
            the committee submits under section 304 the identification of
            each person who makes a qualified small dollar contribution to
            the committee.
                ``(2) Mandatory disclosure through internet.--Each
            authorized committee of a participating candidate under this
            title shall ensure that all information reported to the
            Commission under this Act with respect to contributions and
            expenditures of the committee is available to the public on the
            internet (whether through a site established for purposes of
            this subsection, a hyperlink on another public site of the
            committee, or a hyperlink on a report filed electronically with
            the Commission) in a searchable, sortable, and downloadable
            manner.

    ``SEC. 523. PREVENTING UNNECESSARY SPENDING OF PUBLIC FUNDS.

        ``(a) Mandatory Spending of Available Private Funds.--An authorized
    committee of a candidate certified as a participating candidate under
    this title may not make any expenditure of any payments received under
    this title in any amount unless the committee has made an expenditure
    in an equivalent amount of funds received by the committee which are
    described in paragraphs (1), (3), (4), (5), and (6) of section 521(a).
        ``(b) Limitation.--Subsection (a) applies to an authorized
    committee only to the extent that the funds referred to in such
    subsection are available to the committee at the time the committee
    makes an expenditure of a payment received under this title.

    ``SEC. 524. REMITTING UNSPENT FUNDS AFTER ELECTION.

        ``(a) Remittance Required.--Not later than the date that is 180
    days after the last election for which a candidate certified as a
    participating candidate qualifies to be on the ballot during the
    election cycle involved, such participating candidate shall remit to
    the Commission for deposit in the Freedom From Influence Fund
    established under section 541 an amount equal to the balance of the
    payments received under this title by the authorized committees of the
    candidate which remain unexpended as of such date.
        ``(b) Permitting Candidates Participating in Next Election Cycle To
    Retain Portion of Unspent Funds.--Notwithstanding subsection (a), a
    participating candidate may withhold not more than $100,000 from the
    amount required to be remitted under subsection (a) if the candidate
    files a signed affidavit with the Commission that the candidate will
    seek certification as a participating candidate with respect to the
    next election cycle, except that the candidate may not use any portion
    of the amount withheld until the candidate is certified as a
    participating candidate with respect to that next election cycle. If
    the candidate fails to seek certification as a participating candidate
    prior to the last day of the Small Dollar Democracy qualifying period
    for the next election cycle (as described in section 511), or if the
    Commission notifies the candidate of the Commission's determination
    does not meet the requirements for certification as a participating
    candidate with respect to such cycle, the candidate shall immediately
    remit to the Commission the amount withheld.

                      ``Subtitle D--Enhanced Match Support

    ``SEC. 531. ENHANCED SUPPORT FOR GENERAL ELECTION.

        ``(a) Availability of Enhanced Support.--In addition to the
    payments made under subtitle A, the Commission shall make an additional
    payment to an eligible candidate under this subtitle.
        ``(b) Use of Funds.--A candidate shall use the additional payment
    under this subtitle only for authorized expenditures in connection with
    the election involved.

    ``SEC. 532. ELIGIBILITY.

        ``(a) In General.--A candidate is eligible to receive an additional
    payment under this subtitle if the candidate meets each of the
    following requirements:
                ``(1) The candidate is on the ballot for the general
            election for the office the candidate seeks.
                ``(2) The candidate is certified as a participating
            candidate under this title with respect to the election.
                ``(3) During the enhanced support qualifying period, the
            candidate receives qualified small dollar contributions in a
            total amount of not less than $50,000.
                ``(4) During the enhanced support qualifying period, the
            candidate submits to the Commission a request for the payment
            which includes--
                        ``(A) a statement of the number and amount of
                    qualified small dollar contributions received by the
                    candidate during the enhanced support qualifying
                    period;
                        ``(B) a statement of the amount of the payment the
                    candidate anticipates receiving with respect to the
                    request; and
                        ``(C) such other information and assurances as the
                    Commission may require.
                ``(5) After submitting a request for the additional payment
            under paragraph (4), the candidate does not submit any other
            application for an additional payment under this subtitle.
        ``(b) Enhanced Support Qualifying Period Described.--In this
    subtitle, the term `enhanced support qualifying period' means, with
    respect to a general election, the period which begins 60 days before
    the date of the election and ends 14 days before the date of the
    election.

    ``SEC. 533. AMOUNT.

        ``(a) In General.--Subject to subsection (b), the amount of the
    additional payment made to an eligible candidate under this subtitle
    shall be an amount equal to 50 percent of--
                ``(1) the amount of the payment made to the candidate under
            section 501(b) with respect to the qualified small dollar
            contributions which are received by the candidate during the
            enhanced support qualifying period (as included in the request
            submitted by the candidate under section 532(a)(4)); or
                ``(2) in the case of a candidate who is not eligible to
            receive a payment under section 501(b) with respect to such
            qualified small dollar contributions because the candidate has
            reached the limit on the aggregate amount of payments under
            subtitle A for the election cycle under section 501(c), the
            amount of the payment which would have been made to the
            candidate under section 501(b) with respect to such qualified
            small dollar contributions if the candidate had not reached
            such limit.
        ``(b) Limit.--The amount of the additional payment determined under
    subsection (a) with respect to a candidate may not exceed $500,000.
        ``(c) No Effect on Aggregate Limit.--The amount of the additional
    payment made to a candidate under this subtitle shall not be included
    in determining the aggregate amount of payments made to a participating
    candidate with respect to an election cycle under section 501(c).

    ``SEC. 534. WAIVER OF AUTHORITY TO RETAIN PORTION OF UNSPENT FUNDS
                  AFTER ELECTION.

        ``Notwithstanding section 524(a)(2), a candidate who receives an
    additional payment under this subtitle with respect to an election is
    not permitted to withhold any portion from the amount of unspent funds
    the candidate is required to remit to the Commission under section
    524(a)(1).

                    ``Subtitle E--Administrative Provisions

    ``SEC. 541. FREEDOM FROM INFLUENCE FUND.

        ``(a) Establishment.--There is established in the Treasury a fund
    to be known as the `Freedom From Influence Fund'.
        ``(b) Amounts Held by Fund.--The Fund shall consist of the
    following amounts:
                ``(1) Assessments against fines, settlements, and
            penalties.--Amounts transferred under section 3015 of title 18,
            United States Code, section 9706 of title 31, United States
            Code, and section 6761 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986.
                ``(2) Deposits.--Amounts deposited into the Fund under--
                        ``(A) section 521(c)(1)(B) (relating to exceptions
                    to contribution requirements);
                        ``(B) section 523 (relating to remittance of unused
                    payments from the Fund); and
                        ``(C) section 544 (relating to violations).
        ``(c) Use of Fund To Make Payments to Participating Candidates.--
                ``(1) Payments to participating candidates.--Amounts in the
            Fund shall be available without further appropriation or fiscal
            year limitation to make payments to participating candidates as
            provided in this title.
                ``(2) Mandatory reduction of payments in case of
            insufficient amounts in fund.--
                        ``(A) Advance audits by commission.--Not later than
                    90 days before the first day of each election cycle
                    (beginning with the first election cycle that begins
                    after the date of the enactment of this title), the
                    Commission shall--
                                ``(i) audit the Fund to determine whether
                            the amounts in the Fund will be sufficient to
                            make payments to participating candidates in
                            the amounts provided in this title during such
                            election cycle; and
                                ``(ii) submit a report to Congress
                            describing the results of the audit.
                        ``(B) Reductions in amount of payments.--
                                ``(i) Automatic reduction on pro rata
                            basis.--If, on the basis of the audit described
                            in subparagraph (A), the Commission determines
                            that the amount anticipated to be available in
                            the Fund with respect to the election cycle
                            involved is not, or may not be, sufficient to
                            satisfy the full entitlements of participating
                            candidates to payments under this title for
                            such election cycle, the Commission shall
                            reduce each amount which would otherwise be
                            paid to a participating candidate under this
                            title by such pro rata amount as may be
                            necessary to ensure that the aggregate amount
                            of payments anticipated to be made with respect
                            to the election cycle will not exceed the
                            amount anticipated to be available for such
                            payments in the Fund with respect to such
                            election cycle.
                                ``(ii) Restoration of reductions in case of
                            availability of sufficient funds during
                            election cycle.--If, after reducing the amounts
                            paid to participating candidates with respect
                            to an election cycle under clause (i), the
                            Commission determines that there are sufficient
                            amounts in the Fund to restore the amount by
                            which such payments were reduced (or any
                            portion thereof), to the extent that such
                            amounts are available, the Commission may make
                            a payment on a pro rata basis to each such
                            participating candidate with respect to the
                            election cycle in the amount by which such
                            candidate's payments were reduced under clause
                            (i) (or any portion thereof, as the case may
                            be).
                                ``(iii) No use of amounts from other
                            sources.--In any case in which the Commission
                            determines that there are insufficient moneys
                            in the Fund to make payments to participating
                            candidates under this title, moneys shall not
                            be made available from any other source for the
                            purpose of making such payments.
        ``(d) Use of Fund To Make Other Payments.--In addition to the use
    described in subsection (d), amounts in the Fund shall be available
    without further appropriation or fiscal year limitation--
                ``(1) to make payments to States under the My Voice Voucher
            Program under the Government By the People Act of 2021, subject
            to reductions under section 5101(f)(3) of such Act;
                ``(2) to make payments to candidates under chapter 95 of
            subtitle H of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, subject to
            reductions under section 9013(b) of such Code; and
                ``(3) to make payments to candidates under chapter 96 of
            subtitle H of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, subject to
            reductions under section 9043(b) of such Code.
        ``(e) No Taxpayer Funds Permitted.--No taxpayer funds may be
    deposited into the Fund.
        ``(f) Effective Date.--This section shall take effect on the date
    of the enactment of this title.

    ``SEC. 542. REVIEWS AND REPORTS BY GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTABILITY OFFICE.

        ``(a) Review of Small Dollar Financing.--
                ``(1) In general.--After each regularly scheduled general
            election for Federal office, the Comptroller General of the
            United States shall conduct a comprehensive review of the Small
            Dollar financing program under this title, including--
                        ``(A) the maximum and minimum dollar amounts of
                    qualified small dollar contributions under section 504;
                        ``(B) the number and value of qualified small
                    dollar contributions a candidate is required to obtain
                    under section 512(a) to be eligible for certification
                    as a participating candidate;
                        ``(C) the maximum amount of payments a candidate
                    may receive under this title;
                        ``(D) the overall satisfaction of participating
                    candidates and the American public with the program;
                        ``(E) the extent to which the program increased
                    opportunities for participation by candidates of
                    diverse racial, gender, and socio-economic backgrounds;
                    and
                        ``(F) such other matters relating to financing of
                    campaigns as the Comptroller General determines are
                    appropriate.
                ``(2) Criteria for review.--In conducting the review under
            subparagraph (A), the Comptroller General shall consider the
            following:
                        ``(A) Qualified small dollar contributions.--
                    Whether the number and dollar amounts of qualified
                    small dollar contributions required strikes an
                    appropriate balance regarding the importance of voter
                    involvement, the need to assure adequate incentives for
                    participating, and fiscal responsibility, taking into
                    consideration the number of primary and general
                    election participating candidates, the electoral
                    performance of those candidates, program cost, and any
                    other information the Comptroller General determines is
                    appropriate.
                        ``(B) Review of payment levels.--Whether the
                    totality of the amount of funds allowed to be raised by
                    participating candidates (including through qualified
                    small dollar contributions) and payments under this
                    title are sufficient for voters in each State to learn
                    about the candidates to cast an informed vote, taking
                    into account the historic amount of spending by winning
                    candidates, media costs, primary election dates, and
                    any other information the Comptroller General
                    determines is appropriate.
                ``(3) Recommendations for adjustment of amounts.--Based on
            the review conducted under subparagraph (A), the Comptroller
            General may recommend to Congress adjustments of the following
            amounts:
                        ``(A) The number and value of qualified small
                    dollar contributions a candidate is required to obtain
                    under section 512(a) to be eligible for certification
                    as a participating candidate.
                        ``(B) The maximum amount of payments a candidate
                    may receive under this title.
        ``(b) Reports.--Not later than each June 1 which follows a
    regularly scheduled general election for Federal office for which
    payments were made under this title, the Comptroller General shall
    submit to the Committee on House Administration of the House of
    Representatives a report--
                ``(1) containing an analysis of the review conducted under
            subsection (a), including a detailed statement of Comptroller
            General's findings, conclusions, and recommendations based on
            such review, including any recommendations for adjustments of
            amounts described in subsection (a)(3); and
                ``(2) documenting, evaluating, and making recommendations
            relating to the administrative implementation and enforcement
            of the provisions of this title.
        ``(c) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be
    appropriated such sums as are necessary to carry out the purposes of
    this section.

    ``SEC. 543. ADMINISTRATION BY COMMISSION.

        ``The Commission shall prescribe regulations to carry out the
    purposes of this title, including regulations to establish procedures
    for--
                ``(1) verifying the amount of qualified small dollar
            contributions with respect to a candidate;
                ``(2) effectively and efficiently monitoring and enforcing
            the limits on the raising of qualified small dollar
            contributions;
                ``(3) effectively and efficiently monitoring and enforcing
            the limits on the use of personal funds by participating
            candidates; and
                ``(4) monitoring the use of allocations from the Freedom
            From Influence Fund established under section 541 and matching
            contributions under this title through audits of not fewer than
            \1/10\ (or, in the case of the first 3 election cycles during
            which the program under this title is in effect, not fewer than
            \1/3\) of all participating candidates or other mechanisms.

    ``SEC. 544. VIOLATIONS AND PENALTIES.

        ``(a) Civil Penalty for Violation of Contribution and Expenditure
    Requirements.--If a candidate who has been certified as a participating
    candidate accepts a contribution or makes an expenditure that is
    prohibited under section 521, the Commission may assess a civil penalty
    against the candidate in an amount that is not more than 3 times the
    amount of the contribution or expenditure. Any amounts collected under
    this subsection shall be deposited into the Freedom From Influence Fund
    established under section 541.
        ``(b) Repayment for Improper Use of Freedom From Influence Fund.--
                ``(1) In general.--If the Commission determines that any
            payment made to a participating candidate was not used as
            provided for in this title or that a participating candidate
            has violated any of the dates for remission of funds contained
            in this title, the Commission shall so notify the candidate and
            the candidate shall pay to the Fund an amount equal to--
                        ``(A) the amount of payments so used or not
                    remitted, as appropriate; and
                        ``(B) interest on any such amounts (at a rate
                    determined by the Commission).
                ``(2) Other action not precluded.--Any action by the
            Commission in accordance with this subsection shall not
            preclude enforcement proceedings by the Commission in
            accordance with section 309(a), including a referral by the
            Commission to the Attorney General in the case of an apparent
            knowing and willful violation of this title.
        ``(c) Prohibiting Certain Candidates From Qualifying as
    Participating Candidates.--
                ``(1) Candidates with multiple civil penalties.--If the
            Commission assesses 3 or more civil penalties under subsection
            (a) against a candidate (with respect to either a single
            election or multiple elections), the Commission may refuse to
            certify the candidate as a participating candidate under this
            title with respect to any subsequent election, except that if
            each of the penalties were assessed as the result of a knowing
            and willful violation of any provision of this Act, the
            candidate is not eligible to be certified as a participating
            candidate under this title with respect to any subsequent
            election.
                ``(2) Candidates subject to criminal penalty.--A candidate
            is not eligible to be certified as a participating candidate
            under this title with respect to an election if a penalty has
            been assessed against the candidate under section 309(d) with
            respect to any previous election.
        ``(d) Imposition of Criminal Penalties.--For criminal penalties for
    the failure of a participating candidate to comply with the
    requirements of this title, see section 309(d).

    ``SEC. 545. APPEALS PROCESS.

        ``(a) Review of Actions.--Any action by the Commission in carrying
    out this title shall be subject to review by the United States Court of
    Appeals for the District of Columbia upon petition filed in the Court
    not later than 30 days after the Commission takes the action for which
    the review is sought.
        ``(b) Procedures.--The provisions of chapter 7 of title 5, United
    States Code, apply to judicial review under this section.

    ``SEC. 546. INDEXING OF AMOUNTS.

        ``(a) Indexing.--In any calendar year after 2026, section
    315(c)(1)(B) shall apply to each amount described in subsection (b) in
    the same manner as such section applies to the limitations established
    under subsections (a)(1)(A), (a)(1)(B), (a)(3), and (h) of such
    section, except that for purposes of applying such section to the
    amounts described in subsection (b), the `base period' shall be 2026.
        ``(b) Amounts Described.--The amounts described in this subsection
    are as follows:
                ``(1) The amount referred to in section 502(b)(1) (relating
            to the minimum amount of qualified small dollar contributions
            included in a request for payment).
                ``(2) The amounts referred to in section 504(a)(1)
            (relating to the amount of a qualified small dollar
            contribution).
                ``(3) The amount referred to in section 512(a)(2) (relating
            to the total dollar amount of qualified small dollar
            contributions).
                ``(4) The amount referred to in section 521(a)(5) (relating
            to the aggregate amount of contributions a participating
            candidate may accept from any individual with respect to an
            election).
                ``(5) The amount referred to in section 521(b)(1)(A)
            (relating to the amount of personal funds that may be used by a
            candidate who is certified as a participating candidate).
                ``(6) The amounts referred to in section 524(a)(2)
            (relating to the amount of unspent funds a candidate may retain
            for use in the next election cycle).
                ``(7) The amount referred to in section 532(a)(3) (relating
            to the total dollar amount of qualified small dollar
            contributions for a candidate seeking an additional payment
            under subtitle D).
                ``(8) The amount referred to in section 533(b) (relating to
            the limit on the amount of an additional payment made to a
            candidate under subtitle D).

    ``SEC. 547. ELECTION CYCLE DEFINED.

        ``In this title, the term `election cycle' means, with respect to
    an election for an office, the period beginning on the day after the
    date of the most recent general election for that office (or, if the
    general election resulted in a runoff election, the date of the runoff
    election) and ending on the date of the next general election for that
    office (or, if the general election resulted in a runoff election, the
    date of the runoff election).''.

    SEC. 5112. CONTRIBUTIONS AND EXPENDITURES BY MULTICANDIDATE AND
                  POLITICAL PARTY COMMITTEES ON BEHALF OF PARTICIPATING
                  CANDIDATES.

        (a) Authorizing Contributions Only From Separate Accounts
    Consisting of Qualified Small Dollar Contributions.--Section 315(a) of
    the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30116(a)) is
    amended by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
        ``(10) In the case of a multicandidate political committee or any
    political committee of a political party, the committee may make a
    contribution to a candidate who is a participating candidate under
    title V with respect to an election only if the contribution is paid
    from a separate, segregated account of the committee which consists
    solely of contributions which meet the following requirements:
                ``(A) Each such contribution is in an amount which meets
            the requirements for the amount of a qualified small dollar
            contribution under section 504(a)(1) with respect to the
            election involved.
                ``(B) Each such contribution is made by an individual who
            is not otherwise prohibited from making a contribution under
            this Act.
                ``(C) The individual who makes the contribution does not
            make contributions to the committee during the year in an
            aggregate amount that exceeds the limit described in section
            504(a)(1).''.
        (b) Permitting Unlimited Coordinated Expenditures From Small Dollar
    Sources by Political Parties.--Section 315(d) of such Act (52 U.S.C.
    30116(d)) is amended--
                (1) in paragraph (3), by striking ``The national
            committee'' and inserting ``Except as provided in paragraph
            (6), the national committee''; and
                (2) by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
        ``(6) The limits described in paragraph (3) do not apply in the
    case of expenditures in connection with the general election campaign
    of a candidate for the office of Representative in, or Delegate or
    Resident Commissioner to, the Congress who is a participating candidate
    under title V with respect to the election, but only if--
                ``(A) the expenditures are paid from a separate, segregated
            account of the committee which is described in subsection
            (a)(10); and
                ``(B) the expenditures are the sole source of funding
            provided by the committee to the candidate.''.

    SEC. 5113. PROHIBITING USE OF CONTRIBUTIONS BY PARTICIPATING CANDIDATES
                  FOR PURPOSES OTHER THAN CAMPAIGN FOR ELECTION.

        Section 313 of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C.
    30114) is amended by adding at the end the following new subsection:
        ``(d) Restrictions on Permitted Uses of Funds by Candidates
    Receiving Small Dollar Financing.--Notwithstanding paragraph (2), (3),
    or (4) of subsection (a), if a candidate for election for the office of
    Representative in, or Delegate or Resident Commissioner to, the
    Congress is certified as a participating candidate under title V with
    respect to the election, any contribution which the candidate is
    permitted to accept under such title may be used only for authorized
    expenditures in connection with the candidate's campaign for such
    office, subject to section 503(b).''.

    SEC. 5114. ASSESSMENTS AGAINST FINES AND PENALTIES.

        (a) Assessments Relating to Criminal Offenses.--
                (1) In general.--Chapter 201 of title 18, United States
            Code, is amended by adding at the end the following new
            section:
    ``Sec. 3015. Special assessments for Freedom From Influence Fund
        ``(a) Assessments.--
                ``(1) Convictions of crimes.--In addition to any assessment
            imposed under this chapter, the court shall assess on any
            organizational defendant or any defendant who is a corporate
            officer or person with equivalent authority in any other
            organization who is convicted of a criminal offense under
            Federal law an amount equal to 4.75 percent of any fine imposed
            on that defendant in the sentence imposed for that conviction.
                ``(2) Settlements.--The court shall assess on any
            organizational defendant or defendant who is a corporate
            officer or person with equivalent authority in any other
            organization who has entered into a settlement agreement or
            consent decree with the United States in satisfaction of any
            allegation that the defendant committed a criminal offense
            under Federal law an amount equal to 4.75 percent of the amount
            of the settlement.
        ``(b) Manner of Collection.--An amount assessed under subsection
    (a) shall be collected in the manner in which fines are collected in
    criminal cases.
        ``(c) Transfers.--In a manner consistent with section 3302(b) of
    title 31, there shall be transferred from the General Fund of the
    Treasury to the Freedom From Influence Fund under section 541 of the
    Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 an amount equal to the amount of
    the assessments collected under this section.''.
                (2) Clerical amendment.--The table of sections of chapter
            201 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by adding at
            the end the following:

    ``3015. Special assessments for Freedom From Influence Fund.''.
        (b) Assessments Relating to Civil Penalties.--
                (1) In general.--Chapter 97 of title 31, United States
            Code, is amended by adding at the end the following new
            section:
    ``Sec. 9706. Special assessments for Freedom From Influence Fund
        ``(a) Assessments.--
                ``(1) Civil penalties.--Any entity of the Federal
            Government which is authorized under any law, rule, or
            regulation to impose a civil penalty shall assess on each
            person, other than a natural person who is not a corporate
            officer or person with equivalent authority in any other
            organization, on whom such a penalty is imposed an amount equal
            to 4.75 percent of the amount of the penalty.
                ``(2) Administrative penalties.--Any entity of the Federal
            Government which is authorized under any law, rule, or
            regulation to impose an administrative penalty shall assess on
            each person, other than a natural person who is not a corporate
            officer or person with equivalent authority in any other
            organization, on whom such a penalty is imposed an amount equal
            to 4.75 percent of the amount of the penalty.
                ``(3) Settlements.--Any entity of the Federal Government
            which is authorized under any law, rule, or regulation to enter
            into a settlement agreement or consent decree with any person,
            other than a natural person who is not a corporate officer or
            person with equivalent authority in any other organization, in
            satisfaction of any allegation of an action or omission by the
            person which would be subject to a civil penalty or
            administrative penalty shall assess on such person an amount
            equal to 4.75 percent of the amount of the settlement.
        ``(b) Manner of Collection.--An amount assessed under subsection
    (a) shall be collected--
                ``(1) in the case of an amount assessed under paragraph (1)
            of such subsection, in the manner in which civil penalties are
            collected by the entity of the Federal Government involved;
                ``(2) in the case of an amount assessed under paragraph (2)
            of such subsection, in the manner in which administrative
            penalties are collected by the entity of the Federal Government
            involved; and
                ``(3) in the case of an amount assessed under paragraph (3)
            of such subsection, in the manner in which amounts are
            collected pursuant to settlement agreements or consent decrees
            entered into by the entity of the Federal Government involved.
        ``(c) Transfers.--In a manner consistent with section 3302(b) of
    this title, there shall be transferred from the General Fund of the
    Treasury to the Freedom From Influence Fund under section 541 of the
    Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 an amount equal to the amount of
    the assessments collected under this section.
        ``(d) Exception for Penalties and Settlements Under Authority of
    the Internal Revenue Code of 1986.--
                ``(1) In general.--No assessment shall be made under
            subsection (a) with respect to any civil or administrative
            penalty imposed, or any settlement agreement or consent decree
            entered into, under the authority of the Internal Revenue Code
            of 1986.
                ``(2) Cross reference.--For application of special
            assessments for the Freedom From Influence Fund with respect to
            certain penalties under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, see
            section 6761 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986.''.
                (2) Clerical amendment.--The table of sections of chapter
            97 of title 31, United States Code, is amended by adding at the
            end the following:

    ``9706. Special assessments for Freedom From Influence Fund.''.
        (c) Assessments Relating to Certain Penalties Under the Internal
    Revenue Code of 1986.--
                (1) In general.--Chapter 68 of the Internal Revenue Code of
            1986 is amended by adding at the end the following new
            subchapter:

      ``Subchapter D--Special Assessments for Freedom From Influence Fund

    ``SEC. 6761. SPECIAL ASSESSMENTS FOR FREEDOM FROM INFLUENCE FUND.

        ``(a) In General.--Each person required to pay a covered penalty
    shall pay an additional amount equal to 4.75 percent of the amount of
    such penalty.
        ``(b) Covered Penalty.--For purposes of this section, the term
    `covered penalty' means any addition to tax, additional amount,
    penalty, or other liability provided under subchapter A or B.
        ``(c) Exception for Certain Individuals.--
                ``(1) In general.--In the case of a taxpayer who is an
            individual, subsection (a) shall not apply to any covered
            penalty if such taxpayer is an exempt taxpayer for the taxable
            year for which such covered penalty is assessed.
                ``(2) Exempt taxpayer.--For purposes of this subsection, a
            taxpayer is an exempt taxpayer for any taxable year if the
            taxable income of such taxpayer for such taxable year does not
            exceed the dollar amount at which begins the highest rate
            bracket in effect under section 1 with respect to such taxpayer
            for such taxable year.
        ``(d) Application of Certain Rules.--Except as provided in
    subsection (e), the additional amount determined under subsection (a)
    shall be treated for purposes of this title in the same manner as the
    covered penalty to which such additional amount relates.
        ``(e) Transfer to Freedom From Influence Fund.--The Secretary shall
    deposit any additional amount under subsection (a) in the General Fund
    of the Treasury and shall transfer from such General Fund to the
    Freedom From Influence Fund established under section 541 of the
    Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 an amount equal to the amounts so
    deposited (and, notwithstanding subsection (d), such additional amount
    shall not be the basis for any deposit, transfer, credit,
    appropriation, or any other payment, to any other trust fund or
    account). Rules similar to the rules of section 9601 shall apply for
    purposes of this subsection.''.
                (2) Clerical amendment.--The table of subchapters for
            chapter 68 of such Code is amended by adding at the end the
            following new item:

     ``subchapter d--special assessments for freedom from influence fund''.

        (d) Effective Dates.--
                (1) In general.--Except as provided in paragraph (2), the
            amendments made by this section shall apply with respect to
            convictions, agreements, and penalties which occur on or after
            the date of the enactment of this Act.
                (2) Assessments relating to certain penalties under the
            internal revenue code of 1986.--The amendments made by
            subsection (c) shall apply to covered penalties assessed after
            the date of the enactment of this Act.

    SEC. 5115. STUDY AND REPORT ON SMALL DOLLAR FINANCING PROGRAM.

        (a) Study and Report.--Not later than 2 years after the completion
    of the first election cycle in which the program established under
    title V of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971, as added by
    section 5111, is in effect, the Federal Election Commission shall--
                (1) assess--
                        (A) the amount of payment referred to in section
                    501 of such Act; and
                        (B) the amount of a qualified small dollar
                    contribution referred to in section 504(a)(1) of such
                    Act; and
                (2) submit to Congress a report that discusses whether such
            amounts are sufficient to meet the goals of the program.
        (b) Update.--The Commission shall update and revise the study and
    report required by subsection (a) on a biennial basis.
        (c) Termination.--The requirements of this section shall terminate
    10 years after the date on which the first study and report required by
    subsection (a) is submitted to Congress.

    SEC. 5116. EFFECTIVE DATE.

        (a) In General.--Except as may otherwise be provided in this part
    and in the amendments made by this part, this part and the amendments
    made by this part shall apply with respect to elections occurring
    during 2028 or any succeeding year, without regard to whether or not
    the Federal Election Commission has promulgated the final regulations
    necessary to carry out this part and the amendments made by this part
    by the deadline set forth in subsection (b).
        (b) Deadline for Regulations.--Not later than June 30, 2026, the
    Federal Election Commission shall promulgate such regulations as may be
    necessary to carry out this part and the amendments made by this part.

                       Subtitle C--Presidential Elections

    SEC. 5200. SHORT TITLE.

        This subtitle may be cited as the ``Empower Act of 2021''.

                           PART 1--PRIMARY ELECTIONS

    SEC. 5201. INCREASE IN AND MODIFICATIONS TO MATCHING PAYMENTS.

        (a) Increase and Modification.--
                (1) In general.--The first sentence of section 9034(a) of
            the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended--
                        (A) by striking ``an amount equal to the amount of
                    each contribution'' and inserting ``an amount equal to
                    600 percent of the amount of each matchable
                    contribution (disregarding any amount of contributions
                    from any person to the extent that the total of the
                    amounts contributed by such person for the election
                    exceeds $200)''; and
                        (B) by striking ``authorized committees'' and all
                    that follows through ``$250'' and inserting
                    ``authorized committees''.
                (2) Matchable contributions.--Section 9034 of such Code is
            amended--
                        (A) by striking the last sentence of subsection
                    (a); and
                        (B) by adding at the end the following new
                    subsection:
        ``(c) Matchable Contribution Defined.--For purposes of this section
    and section 9033(b)--
                ``(1) Matchable contribution.--The term `matchable
            contribution' means, with respect to the nomination for
            election to the office of President of the United States, a
            contribution by an individual to a candidate or an authorized
            committee of a candidate with respect to which the candidate
            has certified in writing that--
                        ``(A) the individual making such contribution has
                    not made aggregate contributions (including such
                    matchable contribution) to such candidate and the
                    authorized committees of such candidate in excess of
                    $1,000 for the election;
                        ``(B) such candidate and the authorized committees
                    of such candidate will not accept contributions from
                    such individual (including such matchable contribution)
                    aggregating more than the amount described in
                    subparagraph (A); and
                        ``(C) such contribution was a direct contribution.
                ``(2) Contribution.--For purposes of this subsection, the
            term `contribution' means a gift of money made by a written
            instrument which identifies the individual making the
            contribution by full name and mailing address, but does not
            include a subscription, loan, advance, or deposit of money, or
            anything of value or anything described in subparagraph (B),
            (C), or (D) of section 9032(4).
                ``(3) Direct contribution.--
                        ``(A) In general.--For purposes of this subsection,
                    the term `direct contribution' means, with respect to a
                    candidate, a contribution which is made directly by an
                    individual to the candidate or an authorized committee
                    of the candidate and is not--
                                ``(i) forwarded from the individual making
                            the contribution to the candidate or committee
                            by another person; or
                                ``(ii) received by the candidate or
                            committee with the knowledge that the
                            contribution was made at the request,
                            suggestion, or recommendation of another
                            person.
                        ``(B) Other definitions.--In subparagraph (A)--
                                ``(i) the term `person' does not include an
                            individual (other than an individual described
                            in section 304(i)(7) of the Federal Election
                            Campaign Act of 1971), a political committee of
                            a political party, or any political committee
                            which is not a separate segregated fund
                            described in section 316(b) of the Federal
                            Election Campaign Act of 1971 and which does
                            not make contributions or independent
                            expenditures, does not engage in lobbying
                            activity under the Lobbying Disclosure Act of
                            1995 (2 U.S.C. 1601 et seq.), and is not
                            established by, controlled by, or affiliated
                            with a registered lobbyist under such Act, an
                            agent of a registered lobbyist under such Act,
                            or an organization which retains or employs a
                            registered lobbyist under such Act; and
                                ``(ii) a contribution is not `made at the
                            request, suggestion, or recommendation of
                            another person' solely on the grounds that the
                            contribution is made in response to information
                            provided to the individual making the
                            contribution by any person, so long as the
                            candidate or authorized committee does not know
                            the identity of the person who provided the
                            information to such individual.''.
                (3) Conforming amendments.--
                        (A) Section 9032(4) of such Code is amended by
                    striking ``section 9034(a)'' and inserting ``section
                    9034''.
                        (B) Section 9033(b)(3) of such Code is amended by
                    striking ``matching contributions'' and inserting
                    ``matchable contributions''.
        (b) Modification of Payment Limitation.--Section 9034(b) of such
    Code is amended--
                (1) by striking ``The total'' and inserting the following:
                ``(1) In general.--The total'';
                (2) by striking ``shall not exceed'' and all that follows
            and inserting ``shall not exceed $250,000,000.''; and
                (3) by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
                ``(2) Inflation adjustment.--
                        ``(A) In general.--In the case of any applicable
                    period beginning after 2029, the dollar amount in
                    paragraph (1) shall be increased by an amount equal
                    to--
                                ``(i) such dollar amount, multiplied by
                                ``(ii) the cost-of-living adjustment
                            determined under section 1(f)(3) for the
                            calendar year following the year which such
                            applicable period begins, determined by
                            substituting `calendar year 2028' for `calendar
                            year 1992' in subparagraph (B) thereof.
                        ``(B) Applicable period.--For purposes of this
                    paragraph, the term `applicable period' means the 4-
                    year period beginning with the first day following the
                    date of the general election for the office of
                    President and ending on the date of the next such
                    general election.
                        ``(C) Rounding.--If any amount as adjusted under
                    subparagraph (1) is not a multiple of $10,000, such
                    amount shall be rounded to the nearest multiple of
                    $10,000.''.

    SEC. 5202. ELIGIBILITY REQUIREMENTS FOR MATCHING PAYMENTS.

        (a) Amount of Aggregate Contributions Per State; Disregarding of
    Amounts Contributed in Excess of $200.--Section 9033(b)(3) of the
    Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended--
                (1) by striking ``$5,000'' and inserting ``$25,000''; and
                (2) by striking ``20 States'' and inserting the following:
            ``20 States (disregarding any amount of contributions from any
            such resident to the extent that the total of the amounts
            contributed by such resident for the election exceeds $200)''.
        (b) Contribution Limit.--
                (1) In general.--Paragraph (4) of section 9033(b) of such
            Code is amended to read as follows:
                ``(4) the candidate and the authorized committees of the
            candidate will not accept aggregate contributions from any
            person with respect to the nomination for election to the
            office of President of the United States in excess of $1,000
            for the election.''.
                (2) Conforming amendments.--
                        (A) Section 9033(b) of such Code is amended by
                    adding at the end the following new flush sentence:
    ``For purposes of paragraph (4), the term `contribution' has the
    meaning given such term in section 301(8) of the Federal Election
    Campaign Act of 1971.''.
                        (B) Section 9032(4) of such Code, as amended by
                    section 5201(a)(3)(A), is amended by striking ``section
                    9034'' and inserting ``section 9033(b) or 9034''.
        (c) Participation in System for Payments for General Election.--
    Section 9033(b) of such Code is amended--
                (1) by striking ``and'' at the end of paragraph (3);
                (2) by striking the period at the end of paragraph (4) and
            inserting ``, and''; and
                (3) by inserting after paragraph (4) the following new
            paragraph:
                ``(5) if the candidate is nominated by a political party
            for election to the office of President, the candidate will
            apply for and accept payments with respect to the general
            election for such office in accordance with chapter 95.''.
        (d) Prohibition on Joint Fundraising Committees.--Section 9033(b)
    of such Code, as amended by subsection (c), is amended--
                (1) by striking ``and'' at the end of paragraph (4);
                (2) by striking the period at the end of paragraph (5) and
            inserting ``; and''; and
                (3) by inserting after paragraph (5) the following new
            paragraph:
                ``(6) the candidate will not establish a joint fundraising
            committee with a political committee other than another
            authorized committee of the candidate, except that candidate
            established a joint fundraising committee with respect to a
            prior election for which the candidate was not eligible to
            receive payments under section 9037 and the candidate does not
            terminate the committee, the candidate shall not be considered
            to be in violation of this paragraph so long as that joint
            fundraising committee does not receive any contributions or
            make any disbursements during the election cycle for which the
            candidate is eligible to receive payments under such
            section.''.

    SEC. 5203. REPEAL OF EXPENDITURE LIMITATIONS.

        (a) In General.--Subsection (a) of section 9035 of the Internal
    Revenue Code of 1986 is amended to read as follows:
        ``(a) Personal Expenditure Limitation.--No candidate shall
    knowingly make expenditures from his personal funds, or the personal
    funds of his immediate family, in connection with his campaign for
    nomination for election to the office of President in excess of, in the
    aggregate, $50,000.''.
        (b) Conforming Amendment.--Paragraph (1) of section 9033(b) of the
    Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended to read as follows:
                ``(1) the candidate will comply with the personal
            expenditure limitation under section 9035,''.

    SEC. 5204. PERIOD OF AVAILABILITY OF MATCHING PAYMENTS.

        Section 9032(6) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by
    striking ``the beginning of the calendar year in which a general
    election for the office of President of the United States will be
    held'' and inserting ``the date that is 6 months prior to the date of
    the earliest State primary election''.

    SEC. 5205. EXAMINATION AND AUDITS OF MATCHABLE CONTRIBUTIONS.

        Section 9038(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by
    inserting ``and matchable contributions accepted by'' after ``qualified
    campaign expenses of''.

    SEC. 5206. MODIFICATION TO LIMITATION ON CONTRIBUTIONS FOR PRESIDENTIAL
                  PRIMARY CANDIDATES.

        Section 315(a)(6) of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (52
    U.S.C. 30116(a)(6)) is amended by striking ``calendar year'' and
    inserting ``four-year election cycle''.

    SEC. 5207. USE OF FREEDOM FROM INFLUENCE FUND AS SOURCE OF PAYMENTS.

        (a) In General.--Chapter 96 of subtitle H of the Internal Revenue
    Code of 1986 is amended by adding at the end the following new section:

    ``SEC. 9043. USE OF FREEDOM FROM INFLUENCE FUND AS SOURCE OF PAYMENTS.

        ``(a) In General.--Notwithstanding any other provision of this
    chapter, effective with respect to the Presidential election held in
    2028 and each succeeding Presidential election, all payments made to
    candidates under this chapter shall be made from the Freedom From
    Influence Fund established under section 541 of the Federal Election
    Campaign Act of 1971 (hereafter in this section referred to as the
    `Fund').
        ``(b) Mandatory Reduction of Payments in Case of Insufficient
    Amounts in Fund.--
                ``(1) Advance audits by commission.--Not later than 90 days
            before the first day of each Presidential election cycle
            (beginning with the cycle for the election held in 2028), the
            Commission shall--
                        ``(A) audit the Fund to determine whether, after
                    first making payments to participating candidates under
                    title V of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971
                    and then making payments to States under the My Voice
                    Voucher Program under the Government By the People Act
                    of 2021, the amounts remaining in the Fund will be
                    sufficient to make payments to candidates under this
                    chapter in the amounts provided under this chapter
                    during such election cycle; and
                        ``(B) submit a report to Congress describing the
                    results of the audit.
                ``(2) Reductions in amount of payments.--
                        ``(A) Automatic reduction on pro rata basis.--If,
                    on the basis of the audit described in paragraph (1),
                    the Commission determines that the amount anticipated
                    to be available in the Fund with respect to the
                    Presidential election cycle involved is not, or may not
                    be, sufficient to satisfy the full entitlements of
                    candidates to payments under this chapter for such
                    cycle, the Commission shall reduce each amount which
                    would otherwise be paid to a candidate under this
                    chapter by such pro rata amount as may be necessary to
                    ensure that the aggregate amount of payments
                    anticipated to be made with respect to the cycle will
                    not exceed the amount anticipated to be available for
                    such payments in the Fund with respect to such cycle.
                        ``(B) Restoration of reductions in case of
                    availability of sufficient funds during election
                    cycle.--If, after reducing the amounts paid to
                    candidates with respect to an election cycle under
                    subparagraph (A), the Commission determines that there
                    are sufficient amounts in the Fund to restore the
                    amount by which such payments were reduced (or any
                    portion thereof), to the extent that such amounts are
                    available, the Commission may make a payment on a pro
                    rata basis to each such candidate with respect to the
                    election cycle in the amount by which such candidate's
                    payments were reduced under subparagraph (A) (or any
                    portion thereof, as the case may be).
                        ``(C) No use of amounts from other sources.--In any
                    case in which the Commission determines that there are
                    insufficient moneys in the Fund to make payments to
                    candidates under this chapter, moneys shall not be made
                    available from any other source for the purpose of
                    making such payments.
                ``(3) No effect on amounts transferred for pediatric
            research initiative.--This section does not apply to the
            transfer of funds under section 9008(i).
                ``(4) Presidential election cycle defined.--In this
            section, the term `Presidential election cycle' means, with
            respect to a Presidential election, the period beginning on the
            day after the date of the previous Presidential general
            election and ending on the date of the Presidential
            election.''.
        (b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of sections for chapter 96 of
    subtitle H of such Code is amended by adding at the end the following
    new item:

    ``Sec. 9043. Use of Freedom From Influence Fund as source of
                                payments.''.

                           PART 2--GENERAL ELECTIONS

    SEC. 5211. MODIFICATION OF ELIGIBILITY REQUIREMENTS FOR PUBLIC
                  FINANCING.

        Subsection (a) of section 9003 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986
    is amended to read as follows:
        ``(a) In General.--In order to be eligible to receive any payments
    under section 9006, the candidates of a political party in a
    Presidential election shall meet the following requirements:
                ``(1) Participation in primary payment system.--The
            candidate for President received payments under chapter 96 for
            the campaign for nomination for election to be President.
                ``(2) Agreements with commission.--The candidates, in
            writing--
                        ``(A) agree to obtain and furnish to the Commission
                    such evidence as it may request of the qualified
                    campaign expenses of such candidates,
                        ``(B) agree to keep and furnish to the Commission
                    such records, books, and other information as it may
                    request, and
                        ``(C) agree to an audit and examination by the
                    Commission under section 9007 and to pay any amounts
                    required to be paid under such section.
                ``(3) Prohibition on joint fundraising committees.--
                        ``(A) Prohibition.--The candidates certifies in
                    writing that the candidates will not establish a joint
                    fundraising committee with a political committee other
                    than another authorized committee of the candidate.
                        ``(B) Status of existing committees for prior
                    elections.--If a candidate established a joint
                    fundraising committee described in subparagraph (A)
                    with respect to a prior election for which the
                    candidate was not eligible to receive payments under
                    section 9006 and the candidate does not terminate the
                    committee, the candidate shall not be considered to be
                    in violation of subparagraph (A) so long as that joint
                    fundraising committee does not receive any
                    contributions or make any disbursements with respect to
                    the election for which the candidate is eligible to
                    receive payments under section 9006.''.

    SEC. 5212. REPEAL OF EXPENDITURE LIMITATIONS AND USE OF QUALIFIED
                  CAMPAIGN CONTRIBUTIONS.

        (a) Use of Qualified Campaign Contributions Without Expenditure
    Limits; Application of Same Requirements for Major, Minor, and New
    Parties.--Section 9003 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended
    by striking subsections (b) and (c) and inserting the following:
        ``(b) Use of Qualified Campaign Contributions To Defray Expenses.--
                ``(1) In general.--In order to be eligible to receive any
            payments under section 9006, the candidates of a party in a
            Presidential election shall certify to the Commission, under
            penalty of perjury, that--
                        ``(A) such candidates and their authorized
                    committees have not and will not accept any
                    contributions to defray qualified campaign expenses
                    other than--
                                ``(i) qualified campaign contributions, and
                                ``(ii) contributions to the extent
                            necessary to make up any deficiency payments
                            received out of the fund on account of the
                            application of section 9006(c), and
                        ``(B) such candidates and their authorized
                    committees have not and will not accept any
                    contribution to defray expenses which would be
                    qualified campaign expenses but for subparagraph (C) of
                    section 9002(11).
                ``(2) Timing of certification.--The candidate shall make
            the certification required under this subsection at the same
            time the candidate makes the certification required under
            subsection (a)(3).''.
        (b) Definition of Qualified Campaign Contribution.--Section 9002 of
    such Code is amended by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
                ``(13) Qualified campaign contribution.--The term
            `qualified campaign contribution' means, with respect to any
            election for the office of President of the United States, a
            contribution from an individual to a candidate or an authorized
            committee of a candidate which--
                        ``(A) does not exceed $1,000 for the election; and
                        ``(B) with respect to which the candidate has
                    certified in writing that--
                                ``(i) the individual making such
                            contribution has not made aggregate
                            contributions (including such qualified
                            contribution) to such candidate and the
                            authorized committees of such candidate in
                            excess of the amount described in subparagraph
                            (A), and
                                ``(ii) such candidate and the authorized
                            committees of such candidate will not accept
                            contributions from such individual (including
                            such qualified contribution) aggregating more
                            than the amount described in subparagraph (A)
                            with respect to such election.''.
        (c) Conforming Amendments.--
                (1) Repeal of expenditure limits.--
                        (A) In general.--Section 315 of the Federal
                    Election Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30116) is
                    amended by striking subsection (b).
                        (B) Conforming amendments.--Section 315(c) of such
                    Act (52 U.S.C. 30116(c)) is amended--
                                (i) in paragraph (1)(B)(i), by striking ``,
                            (b)''; and
                                (ii) in paragraph (2)(B)(i), by striking
                            ``subsections (b) and (d)'' and inserting
                            ``subsection (d)''.
                (2) Repeal of repayment requirement.--
                        (A) In general.--Section 9007(b) of the Internal
                    Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by striking paragraph
                    (2) and redesignating paragraphs (3), (4), and (5) as
                    paragraphs (2), (3), and (4), respectively.
                        (B) Conforming amendment.--Paragraph (2) of section
                    9007(b) of such Code, as redesignated by subparagraph
                    (A), is amended--
                                (i) by striking ``a major party'' and
                            inserting ``a party'';
                                (ii) by striking ``contributions (other
                            than'' and inserting ``contributions (other
                            than qualified contributions''; and
                                (iii) by striking ``(other than qualified
                            campaign expenses with respect to which payment
                            is required under paragraph (2))''.
                (3) Criminal penalties.--
                        (A) Repeal of penalty for excess expenses.--Section
                    9012 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by
                    striking subsection (a).
                        (B) Penalty for acceptance of disallowed
                    contributions; application of same penalty for
                    candidates of major, minor, and new parties.--
                    Subsection (b) of section 9012 of such Code is amended
                    to read as follows:
        ``(b) Contributions.--
                ``(1) Acceptance of disallowed contributions.--It shall be
            unlawful for an eligible candidate of a party in a Presidential
            election or any of his authorized committees knowingly and
            willfully to accept--
                        ``(A) any contribution other than a qualified
                    campaign contribution to defray qualified campaign
                    expenses, except to the extent necessary to make up any
                    deficiency in payments received out of the fund on
                    account of the application of section 9006(c); or
                        ``(B) any contribution to defray expenses which
                    would be qualified campaign expenses but for
                    subparagraph (C) of section 9002(11).
                ``(2) Penalty.--Any person who violates paragraph (1) shall
            be fined not more than $5,000, or imprisoned not more than one
            year, or both. In the case of a violation by an authorized
            committee, any officer or member of such committee who
            knowingly and willfully consents to such violation shall be
            fined not more than $5,000, or imprisoned not more than one
            year, or both.''.

    SEC. 5213. MATCHING PAYMENTS AND OTHER MODIFICATIONS TO PAYMENT
                  AMOUNTS.

        (a) In General.--
                (1) Amount of payments; application of same amount for
            candidates of major, minor, and new parties.--Subsection (a) of
            section 9004 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended to
            read as follows:
        ``(a) In General.--Subject to the provisions of this chapter, the
    eligible candidates of a party in a Presidential election shall be
    entitled to equal payment under section 9006 in an amount equal to 600
    percent of the amount of each matchable contribution received by such
    candidate or by the candidate's authorized committees (disregarding any
    amount of contributions from any person to the extent that the total of
    the amounts contributed by such person for the election exceeds $200),
    except that total amount to which a candidate is entitled under this
    paragraph shall not exceed $250,000,000.''.
                (2) Repeal of separate limitations for candidates of minor
            and new parties; inflation adjustment.--Subsection (b) of
            section 9004 of such Code is amended to read as follows:
        ``(b) Inflation Adjustment.--
                ``(1) In general.--In the case of any applicable period
            beginning after 2029, the $250,000,000 dollar amount in
            subsection (a) shall be increased by an amount equal to--
                        ``(A) such dollar amount; multiplied by
                        ``(B) the cost-of-living adjustment determined
                    under section 1(f)(3) for the calendar year following
                    the year which such applicable period begins,
                    determined by substituting `calendar year 2028' for
                    `calendar year 1992' in subparagraph (B) thereof.
                ``(2) Applicable period.--For purposes of this subsection,
            the term `applicable period' means the 4-year period beginning
            with the first day following the date of the general election
            for the office of President and ending on the date of the next
            such general election.
                ``(3) Rounding.--If any amount as adjusted under paragraph
            (1) is not a multiple of $10,000, such amount shall be rounded
            to the nearest multiple of $10,000.''.
                (3) Conforming amendment.--Section 9005(a) of such Code is
            amended by adding at the end the following new sentence: ``The
            Commission shall make such additional certifications as may be
            necessary to receive payments under section 9004.''.
        (b) Matchable Contribution.--Section 9002 of such Code, as amended
    by section 5212(b), is amended by adding at the end the following new
    paragraph:
                ``(14) Matchable contribution.--The term `matchable
            contribution' means, with respect to the election to the office
            of President of the United States, a contribution by an
            individual to a candidate or an authorized committee of a
            candidate with respect to which the candidate has certified in
            writing that--
                        ``(A) the individual making such contribution has
                    not made aggregate contributions (including such
                    matchable contribution) to such candidate and the
                    authorized committees of such candidate in excess of
                    $1,000 for the election;
                        ``(B) such candidate and the authorized committees
                    of such candidate will not accept contributions from
                    such individual (including such matchable contribution)
                    aggregating more than the amount described in
                    subparagraph (A) with respect to such election; and
                        ``(C) such contribution was a direct contribution
                    (as defined in section 9034(c)(3)).''.

    SEC. 5214. INCREASE IN LIMIT ON COORDINATED PARTY EXPENDITURES.

        (a) In General.--Section 315(d)(2) of the Federal Election Campaign
    Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30116(d)(2)) is amended to read as follows:
        ``(2)(A) The national committee of a political party may not make
    any expenditure in connection with the general election campaign of any
    candidate for President of the United States who is affiliated with
    such party which exceeds $100,000,000.
        ``(B) For purposes of this paragraph--
                ``(i) any expenditure made by or on behalf of a national
            committee of a political party and in connection with a
            Presidential election shall be considered to be made in
            connection with the general election campaign of a candidate
            for President of the United States who is affiliated with such
            party; and
                ``(ii) any communication made by or on behalf of such party
            shall be considered to be made in connection with the general
            election campaign of a candidate for President of the United
            States who is affiliated with such party if any portion of the
            communication is in connection with such election.
        ``(C) Any expenditure under this paragraph shall be in addition to
    any expenditure by a national committee of a political party serving as
    the principal campaign committee of a candidate for the office of
    President of the United States.''.
        (b) Conforming Amendments Relating to Timing of Cost-of-Living
    Adjustment.--
                (1) In general.--Section 315(c)(1) of such Act (52 U.S.C.
            30116(c)(1)) is amended--
                        (A) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``(d)'' and
                    inserting ``(d)(2)''; and
                        (B) by adding at the end the following new
                    subparagraph:
        ``(D) In any calendar year after 2028--
                ``(i) the dollar amount in subsection (d)(2) shall be
            increased by the percent difference determined under
            subparagraph (A);
                ``(ii) the amount so increased shall remain in effect for
            the calendar year; and
                ``(iii) if the amount after adjustment under clause (i) is
            not a multiple of $100, such amount shall be rounded to the
            nearest multiple of $100.''.
                (2) Base year.--Section 315(c)(2)(B) of such Act (52 U.S.C.
            30116(c)(2)(B)) is amended--
                        (A) in clause (i)--
                                (i) by striking ``(d)'' and inserting
                            ``(d)(3)''; and
                                (ii) by striking ``and'' at the end;
                        (B) in clause (ii), by striking the period at the
                    end and inserting ``; and''; and
                        (C) by adding at the end the following new clause:
                        ``(iii) for purposes of subsection (d)(2), calendar
                    year 2027.''.

    SEC. 5215. ESTABLISHMENT OF UNIFORM DATE FOR RELEASE OF PAYMENTS.

        (a) Date for Payments.--
                (1) In general.--Section 9006(b) of the Internal Revenue
            Code of 1986 is amended to read as follows:
        ``(b) Payments From the Fund.--If the Secretary of the Treasury
    receives a certification from the Commission under section 9005 for
    payment to the eligible candidates of a political party, the Secretary
    shall pay to such candidates out of the fund the amount certified by
    the Commission on the later of--
                ``(1) the last Friday occurring before the first Monday in
            September; or
                ``(2) 24 hours after receiving the certifications for the
            eligible candidates of all major political parties.
    Amounts paid to any such candidates shall be under the control of such
    candidates.''.
                (2) Conforming amendment.--The first sentence of section
            9006(c) of such Code is amended by striking ``the time of a
            certification by the Commission under section 9005 for
            payment'' and inserting ``the time of making a payment under
            subsection (b)''.
        (b) Time for Certification.--Section 9005(a) of the Internal
    Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by striking ``10 days'' and inserting
    ``24 hours''.

    SEC. 5216. AMOUNTS IN PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION CAMPAIGN FUND.

        Section 9006(c) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by
    adding at the end the following new sentence: ``In making a
    determination of whether there are insufficient moneys in the fund for
    purposes of the previous sentence, the Secretary shall take into
    account in determining the balance of the fund for a Presidential
    election year the Secretary's best estimate of the amount of moneys
    which will be deposited into the fund during the year, except that the
    amount of the estimate may not exceed the average of the annual amounts
    deposited in the fund during the previous 3 years.''.

    SEC. 5217. USE OF GENERAL ELECTION PAYMENTS FOR GENERAL ELECTION LEGAL
                  AND ACCOUNTING COMPLIANCE.

        Section 9002(11) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by
    adding at the end the following new sentence: ``For purposes of
    subparagraph (A), an expense incurred by a candidate or authorized
    committee for general election legal and accounting compliance purposes
    shall be considered to be an expense to further the election of such
    candidate.''.

    SEC. 5218. USE OF FREEDOM FROM INFLUENCE FUND AS SOURCE OF PAYMENTS.

        (a) In General.--Chapter 95 of subtitle H of the Internal Revenue
    Code of 1986 is amended by adding at the end the following new section:

    ``SEC. 9013. USE OF FREEDOM FROM INFLUENCE FUND AS SOURCE OF PAYMENTS.

        ``(a) In General.--Notwithstanding any other provision of this
    chapter, effective with respect to the Presidential election held in
    2028 and each succeeding Presidential election, all payments made under
    this chapter shall be made from the Freedom From Influence Fund
    established under section 541 of the Federal Election Campaign Act of
    1971.
        ``(b) Mandatory Reduction of Payments in Case of Insufficient
    Amounts in Fund.--
                ``(1) Advance audits by commission.--Not later than 90 days
            before the first day of each Presidential election cycle
            (beginning with the cycle for the election held in 2028), the
            Commission shall--
                        ``(A) audit the Fund to determine whether, after
                    first making payments to participating candidates under
                    title V of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971
                    and then making payments to States under the My Voice
                    Voucher Program under the Government By the People Act
                    of 2021 and then making payments to candidates under
                    chapter 96, the amounts remaining in the Fund will be
                    sufficient to make payments to candidates under this
                    chapter in the amounts provided under this chapter
                    during such election cycle; and
                        ``(B) submit a report to Congress describing the
                    results of the audit.
                ``(2) Reductions in amount of payments.--
                        ``(A) Automatic reduction on pro rata basis.--If,
                    on the basis of the audit described in paragraph (1),
                    the Commission determines that the amount anticipated
                    to be available in the Fund with respect to the
                    Presidential election cycle involved is not, or may not
                    be, sufficient to satisfy the full entitlements of
                    candidates to payments under this chapter for such
                    cycle, the Commission shall reduce each amount which
                    would otherwise be paid to a candidate under this
                    chapter by such pro rata amount as may be necessary to
                    ensure that the aggregate amount of payments
                    anticipated to be made with respect to the cycle will
                    not exceed the amount anticipated to be available for
                    such payments in the Fund with respect to such cycle.
                        ``(B) Restoration of reductions in case of
                    availability of sufficient funds during election
                    cycle.--If, after reducing the amounts paid to
                    candidates with respect to an election cycle under
                    subparagraph (A), the Commission determines that there
                    are sufficient amounts in the Fund to restore the
                    amount by which such payments were reduced (or any
                    portion thereof), to the extent that such amounts are
                    available, the Commission may make a payment on a pro
                    rata basis to each such candidate with respect to the
                    election cycle in the amount by which such candidate's
                    payments were reduced under subparagraph (A) (or any
                    portion thereof, as the case may be).
                        ``(C) No use of amounts from other sources.--In any
                    case in which the Commission determines that there are
                    insufficient moneys in the Fund to make payments to
                    candidates under this chapter, moneys shall not be made
                    available from any other source for the purpose of
                    making such payments.
                ``(3) No effect on amounts transferred for pediatric
            research initiative.--This section does not apply to the
            transfer of funds under section 9008(i).
                ``(4) Presidential election cycle defined.--In this
            section, the term `Presidential election cycle' means, with
            respect to a Presidential election, the period beginning on the
            day after the date of the previous Presidential general
            election and ending on the date of the Presidential
            election.''.
        (b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of sections for chapter 95 of
    subtitle H of such Code is amended by adding at the end the following
    new item:

    ``Sec. 9013. Use of Freedom From Influence Fund as source of
                                payments.''.

                             PART 3--EFFECTIVE DATE

    SEC. 5221. EFFECTIVE DATE.

        (a) In General.--Except as otherwise provided, this subtitle and
    the amendments made by this subtitle shall apply with respect to the
    Presidential election held in 2028 and each succeeding Presidential
    election, without regard to whether or not the Federal Election
    Commission has promulgated the final regulations necessary to carry out
    this part and the amendments made by this part by the deadline set
    forth in subsection (b).
        (b) Deadline for Regulations.--Not later than June 30, 2026, the
    Federal Election Commission shall promulgate such regulations as may be
    necessary to carry out this part and the amendments made by this part.

     Subtitle D--Personal Use Services as Authorized Campaign Expenditures

    SEC. 5301. SHORT TITLE; FINDINGS; PURPOSE.

        (a) Short Title.--This subtitle may be cited as the ``Help America
    Run Act''.
        (b) Findings.--Congress finds the following:
                (1) Everyday Americans experience barriers to entry before
            they can consider running for office to serve their
            communities.
                (2) Current law states that campaign funds cannot be spent
            on everyday expenses that would exist whether or not a
            candidate were running for office, like childcare and food.
            While the law seems neutral, its actual effect is to privilege
            the independently wealthy who want to run, because given the
            demands of running for office, candidates who must work to pay
            for childcare or to afford health insurance are effectively
            being left out of the process, even if they have sufficient
            support to mount a viable campaign.
                (3) Thus current practice favors those prospective
            candidates who do not need to rely on a regular paycheck to
            make ends meet. The consequence is that everyday Americans who
            have firsthand knowledge of the importance of stable childcare,
            a safety net, or great public schools are less likely to get a
            seat at the table. This governance by the few is antithetical
            to the democratic experiment, but most importantly, when
            lawmakers do not share the concerns of everyday Americans,
            their policies reflect that.
                (4) These circumstances have contributed to a Congress that
            does not always reflect everyday Americans. The New York Times
            reported in 2019 that fewer than 5 percent of representatives
            cite blue-collar or service jobs in their biographies. A 2015
            survey by the Center for Responsive Politics showed that the
            median net worth of lawmakers was just over $1 million in 2013,
            or 18 times the wealth of the typical American household.
                (5) These circumstances have also contributed to a
            governing body that does not reflect the nation it serves. For
            instance, women are 51 percent of the American population. Yet
            even with a record number of women serving in the One Hundred
            Sixteenth Congress, the Pew Research Center notes that more
            than three out of four Members of this Congress are male. The
            Center for American Women And Politics found that one third of
            women legislators surveyed had been actively discouraged from
            running for office, often by political professionals. This type
            of discouragement, combined with the prohibitions on using
            campaign funds for domestic needs like childcare, burdens that
            still fall disproportionately on American women, particularly
            disadvantages working mothers. These barriers may explain why
            only 10 women in history have given birth while serving in
            Congress, in spite of the prevalence of working parents in
            other professions. Yet working mothers and fathers are best
            positioned to create policy that reflects the lived experience
            of most Americans.
                (6) Working mothers, those caring for their elderly
            parents, and young professionals who rely on their jobs for
            health insurance should have the freedom to run to serve the
            people of the United States. Their networks and net worth are
            simply not the best indicators of their strength as prospective
            public servants. In fact, helping ordinary Americans to run may
            create better policy for all Americans.
        (c) Purpose.--It is the purpose of this subtitle to ensure that all
    Americans who are otherwise qualified to serve this Nation are able to
    run for office, regardless of their economic status. By expanding
    permissible uses of campaign funds and providing modest assurance that
    testing a run for office will not cost one's livelihood, the Help
    America Run Act will facilitate the candidacy of representatives who
    more accurately reflect the experiences, challenges, and ideals of
    everyday Americans.

    SEC. 5302. TREATMENT OF PAYMENTS FOR CHILD CARE AND OTHER PERSONAL USE
                  SERVICES AS AUTHORIZED CAMPAIGN EXPENDITURE.

        (a) Personal Use Services as Authorized Campaign Expenditure.--
    Section 313 of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C.
    30114), as amended by section 5113, is amended by adding at the end the
    following new subsection:
        ``(e) Treatment of Payments for Child Care and Other Personal Use
    Services as Authorized Campaign Expenditure.--
                ``(1) Authorized expenditures.--For purposes of subsection
            (a), the payment by an authorized committee of a candidate for
            any of the personal use services described in paragraph (3)
            shall be treated as an authorized expenditure if the services
            are necessary to enable the participation of the candidate in
            campaign-connected activities.
                ``(2) Limitations.--
                        ``(A) Limit on total amount of payments.--The total
                    amount of payments made by an authorized committee of a
                    candidate for personal use services described in
                    paragraph (3) may not exceed the limit which is
                    applicable under any law, rule, or regulation on the
                    amount of payments which may be made by the committee
                    for the salary of the candidate (without regard to
                    whether or not the committee makes payments to the
                    candidate for that purpose).
                        ``(B) Corresponding reduction in amount of salary
                    paid to candidate.--To the extent that an authorized
                    committee of a candidate makes payments for the salary
                    of the candidate, any limit on the amount of such
                    payments which is applicable under any law, rule, or
                    regulation shall be reduced by the amount of any
                    payments made to or on behalf of the candidate for
                    personal use services described in paragraph (3), other
                    than personal use services described in subparagraph
                    (D) of such paragraph.
                        ``(C) Exclusion of candidates who are
                    officeholders.--Paragraph (1) does not apply with
                    respect to an authorized committee of a candidate who
                    is a holder of Federal office.
                ``(3) Personal use services described.--The personal use
            services described in this paragraph are as follows:
                        ``(A) Child care services.
                        ``(B) Elder care services.
                        ``(C) Services similar to the services described in
                    subparagraph (A) or subparagraph (B) which are provided
                    on behalf of any dependent who is a qualifying relative
                    under section 152 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986.
                        ``(D) Health insurance premiums.''.
        (b) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall take
    effect on the date of the enactment of this Act.

                 Subtitle E--Empowering Small Dollar Donations

    SEC. 5401. PERMITTING POLITICAL PARTY COMMITTEES TO PROVIDE ENHANCED
                  SUPPORT FOR CANDIDATES THROUGH USE OF SEPARATE SMALL
                  DOLLAR ACCOUNTS.

        (a) Increase in Limit on Contributions to Candidates.--Section
    315(a)(2)(A) of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C.
    30116(a)(2)(A)) is amended by striking ``exceed $5,000'' and inserting
    ``exceed $5,000 or, in the case of a contribution made by a national
    committee of a political party from an account described in paragraph
    (11), exceed $10,000''.
        (b) Elimination of Limit on Coordinated Expenditures.--Section
    315(d)(5) of such Act (52 U.S.C. 30116(d)(5)) is amended by striking
    ``subsection (a)(9)'' and inserting ``subsection (a)(9) or subsection
    (a)(11)''.
        (c) Accounts Described.--Section 315(a) of such Act (52 U.S.C.
    30116(a)), as amended by section 5112(a), is amended by adding at the
    end the following new paragraph:
        ``(11) An account described in this paragraph is a separate,
    segregated account of a national committee of a political party
    (including a national congressional campaign committee of a political
    party) consisting exclusively of contributions made during a calendar
    year by individuals whose aggregate contributions to the committee
    during the year do not exceed $200.''.
        (d) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall
    apply with respect to elections held on or after the date of the
    enactment of this Act.

                            Subtitle F--Severability

    SEC. 5501. SEVERABILITY.

        If any provision of this title or amendment made by this title, or
    the application of a provision or amendment to any person or
    circumstance, is held to be unconstitutional, the remainder of this
    title and amendments made by this title, and the application of the
    provisions and amendment to any person or circumstance, shall not be
    affected by the holding.

                      TITLE VI--CAMPAIGN FINANCE OVERSIGHT

             Subtitle A--Restoring Integrity to America's Elections

    Sec. 6001. Short title.
    Sec. 6002. Membership of Federal Election Commission.
    Sec. 6003. Assignment of powers to Chair of Federal Election
                                Commission.
    Sec. 6004. Revision to enforcement process.
    Sec. 6005. Permitting appearance at hearings on requests for advisory
                                opinions by persons opposing the requests.
    Sec. 6006. Permanent extension of administrative penalty authority.
    Sec. 6007. Restrictions on ex parte communications.
    Sec. 6008. Clarifying authority of FEC attorneys to represent FEC in
                                Supreme Court.
    Sec. 6009. Requiring forms to permit use of accent marks.
    Sec. 6010. Extension of statute of limitations for offenses under
                                Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971.
    Sec. 6011. Effective date; transition.
             Subtitle B--Stopping Super PAC-Candidate Coordination

    Sec. 6101. Short title.
    Sec. 6102. Clarification of treatment of coordinated expenditures as
                                contributions to candidates.
    Sec. 6103. Clarification of ban on fundraising for super PACs by
                                Federal candidates and officeholders.
               Subtitle C--Disposal of Contributions or Donations

    Sec. 6201. Timeframe for and prioritization of disposal of
                                contributions or donations.
    Sec. 6202. 1-year transition period for certain individuals.
    Subtitle D--Recommendations to Ensure Filing of Reports Before Date of
                                    Election

    Sec. 6301. Recommendations to ensure filing of reports before date of
                                election.
                            Subtitle E--Severability

    Sec. 6401. Severability.

             Subtitle A--Restoring Integrity to America's Elections

    SEC. 6001. SHORT TITLE.

        This subtitle may be cited as the ``Restoring Integrity to
    America's Elections Act''.

    SEC. 6002. MEMBERSHIP OF FEDERAL ELECTION COMMISSION.

        (a) Reduction in Number of Members; Removal of Secretary of Senate
    and Clerk of House as Ex Officio Members.--
                (1) In general; quorum.--Section 306(a)(1) of the Federal
            Election Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30106(a)(1)) is
            amended by striking the second and third sentences and
            inserting the following: ``The Commission is composed of 5
            members appointed by the President by and with the advice and
            consent of the Senate, of whom no more than 2 may be affiliated
            with the same political party. A member shall be treated as
            affiliated with a political party if the member was affiliated,
            including as a registered voter, employee, consultant, donor,
            officer, or attorney, with such political party or any of its
            candidates or elected public officials at any time during the
            5-year period ending on the date on which such individual is
            nominated to be a member of the Commission. A majority of the
            number of members of the Commission who are serving at the time
            shall constitute a quorum.''.
                (2) Conforming amendments relating to reduction in number
            of members.--(A) Section 306(c) of such Act (52 U.S.C.
            30106(c)) is amended by striking the period at the end of the
            first sentence and all that follows and inserting the
            following: ``, except that an affirmative vote of a majority of
            the members of the Commission who are serving at the time shall
            be required in order for the Commission to take any action in
            accordance with paragraph (6), (7), (8), or (9) of section
            307(a) or with chapter 95 or chapter 96 of the Internal Revenue
            Code of 1986. A member of the Commission may not delegate to
            any person his or her vote or any decisionmaking authority or
            duty vested in the Commission by the provisions of this Act''.
                (B) Such Act is further amended by striking ``affirmative
            vote of 4 of its members'' and inserting ``affirmative vote of
            a majority of the members of the Commission who are serving at
            the time'' each place it appears in the following sections:
                        (i) Section 309(a)(2) (52 U.S.C. 30109(a)(2)).
                        (ii) Section 309(a)(4)(A)(i) (52 U.S.C.
                    30109(a)(4)(A)(i)).
                        (iii) Section 309(a)(5)(C) (52 U.S.C.
                    30109(a)(5)(C)).
                        (iv) Section 309(a)(6)(A) (52 U.S.C.
                    30109(a)(6)(A)).
                        (v) Section 311(b) (52 U.S.C. 30111(b)).
                (3) Conforming amendment relating to removal of ex officio
            members.--Section 306(a) of such Act (52 U.S.C. 30106(a)) is
            amended by striking ``(other than the Secretary of the Senate
            and the Clerk of the House of Representatives)'' each place it
            appears in paragraphs (4) and (5).
        (b) Terms of Service.--Section 306(a)(2) of such Act (52 U.S.C.
    30106(a)(2)) is amended to read as follows:
                ``(2) Terms of service.--
                        ``(A) In general.--Each member of the Commission
                    shall serve for a single term of 6 years.
                        ``(B) Special rule for initial appointments.--Of
                    the members first appointed to serve terms that begin
                    in January 2022, the President shall designate 2 to
                    serve for a 3-year term.
                        ``(C) No reappointment permitted.--An individual
                    who served a term as a member of the Commission may not
                    serve for an additional term, except that--
                                ``(i) an individual who served a 3-year
                            term under subparagraph (B) may also be
                            appointed to serve a 6-year term under
                            subparagraph (A); and
                                ``(ii) for purposes of this subparagraph,
                            an individual who is appointed to fill a
                            vacancy under subparagraph (D) shall not be
                            considered to have served a term if the portion
                            of the unexpired term the individual fills is
                            less than 50 percent of the period of the term.
                        ``(D) Vacancies.--Any vacancy occurring in the
                    membership of the Commission shall be filled in the
                    same manner as in the case of the original appointment.
                    Except as provided in subparagraph (C), an individual
                    appointed to fill a vacancy occurring other than by the
                    expiration of a term of office shall be appointed only
                    for the unexpired term of the member he or she
                    succeeds.
                        ``(E) Limitation on service after expiration of
                    term.--A member of the Commission may continue to serve
                    on the Commission after the expiration of the member's
                    term for an additional period, but only until the
                    earlier of--
                                ``(i) the date on which the member's
                            successor has taken office as a member of the
                            Commission; or
                                ``(ii) the expiration of the 1-year period
                            that begins on the last day of the member's
                            term.''.
        (c) Qualifications.--Section 306(a)(3) of such Act (52 U.S.C.
    30106(a)(3)) is amended to read as follows:
                ``(3) Qualifications.--
                        ``(A) In general.--The President may select an
                    individual for service as a member of the Commission if
                    the individual has experience in election law and has a
                    demonstrated record of integrity, impartiality, and
                    good judgment.
                        ``(B) Assistance of blue ribbon advisory panel.--
                                ``(i) In general.--Prior to the regularly
                            scheduled expiration of the term of a member of
                            the Commission and upon the occurrence of a
                            vacancy in the membership of the Commission
                            prior to the expiration of a term, the
                            President shall convene a Blue Ribbon Advisory
                            Panel that includes individuals representing
                            each major political party and individuals who
                            are independent of a political party and that
                            consists of an odd number of individuals
                            selected by the President from retired Federal
                            judges, former law enforcement officials, or
                            individuals with experience in election law,
                            except that the President may not select any
                            individual to serve on the panel who holds any
                            public office at the time of selection. The
                            President shall also make reasonable efforts to
                            encourage racial, ethnic, and gender diversity
                            on the panel.
                                ``(ii) Recommendations.--With respect to
                            each member of the Commission whose term is
                            expiring or each vacancy in the membership of
                            the Commission (as the case may be), the Blue
                            Ribbon Advisory Panel shall recommend to the
                            President at least one but not more than 3
                            individuals for nomination for appointment as a
                            member of the Commission.
                                ``(iii) Publication.--At the time the
                            President submits to the Senate the nominations
                            for individuals to be appointed as members of
                            the Commission, the President shall publish the
                            Blue Ribbon Advisory Panel's recommendations
                            for such nominations.
                                ``(iv) Exemption from federal advisory
                            committee act.--The Federal Advisory Committee
                            Act (5 U.S.C. App.) does not apply to a Blue
                            Ribbon Advisory Panel convened under this
                            subparagraph.
                        ``(C) Prohibiting engagement with other business or
                    employment during service.--A member of the Commission
                    shall not engage in any other business, vocation, or
                    employment. Any individual who is engaging in any other
                    business, vocation, or employment at the time of his or
                    her appointment to the Commission shall terminate or
                    liquidate such activity no later than 90 days after
                    such appointment.''.

    SEC. 6003. ASSIGNMENT OF POWERS TO CHAIR OF FEDERAL ELECTION
                  COMMISSION.

        (a) Appointment of Chair by President.--
                (1) In general.--Section 306(a)(5) of the Federal Election
            Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30106(a)(5)) is amended to read
            as follows:
                ``(5) Chair.--
                        ``(A) Initial appointment.--Of the members first
                    appointed to serve terms that begin in January 2022,
                    one such member (as designated by the President at the
                    time the President submits nominations to the Senate)
                    shall serve as Chair of the Commission.
                        ``(B) Subsequent appointments.--Any individual who
                    is appointed to succeed the member who serves as Chair
                    of the Commission for the term beginning in January
                    2022 (as well as any individual who is appointed to
                    fill a vacancy if such member does not serve a full
                    term as Chair) shall serve as Chair of the Commission.
                        ``(C) Vice chair.--The Commission shall select, by
                    majority vote of its members, one of its members to
                    serve as Vice Chair, who shall act as Chair in the
                    absence or disability of the Chair or in the event of a
                    vacancy in the position of Chair.''.
                (2) Conforming amendment.--Section 309(a)(2) of such Act
            (52 U.S.C. 30109(a)(2)) is amended by striking ``through its
            chairman or vice chairman'' and inserting ``through the
            Chair''.
        (b) Powers.--
                (1) Assignment of certain powers to chair.--Section 307(a)
            of such Act (52 U.S.C. 30107(a)) is amended to read as follows:
        ``(a) Distribution of Powers Between Chair and Commission.--
                ``(1) Powers assigned to chair.--
                        ``(A) Administrative powers.--The Chair of the
                    Commission shall be the chief administrative officer of
                    the Commission and shall have the authority to
                    administer the Commission and its staff, and (in
                    consultation with the other members of the Commission)
                    shall have the power--
                                ``(i) to appoint and remove the staff
                            director of the Commission;
                                ``(ii) to request the assistance (including
                            personnel and facilities) of other agencies and
                            departments of the United States, whose heads
                            may make such assistance available to the
                            Commission with or without reimbursement; and
                                ``(iii) to prepare and establish the budget
                            of the Commission and to make budget requests
                            to the President, the Director of the Office of
                            Management and Budget, and Congress.
                        ``(B) Other powers.--The Chair of the Commission
                    shall have the power--
                                ``(i) to appoint and remove the general
                            counsel of the Commission with the concurrence
                            of at least 2 other members of the Commission;
                                ``(ii) to require by special or general
                            orders, any person to submit, under oath, such
                            written reports and answers to questions as the
                            Chair may prescribe;
                                ``(iii) to administer oaths or
                            affirmations;
                                ``(iv) to require by subpoena, signed by
                            the Chair, the attendance and testimony of
                            witnesses and the production of all documentary
                            evidence relating to the execution of its
                            duties;
                                ``(v) in any proceeding or investigation,
                            to order testimony to be taken by deposition
                            before any person who is designated by the
                            Chair, and shall have the power to administer
                            oaths and, in such instances, to compel
                            testimony and the production of evidence in the
                            same manner as authorized under clause (iv);
                            and
                                ``(vi) to pay witnesses the same fees and
                            mileage as are paid in like circumstances in
                            the courts of the United States.
                ``(2) Powers assigned to commission.--The Commission shall
            have the power--
                        ``(A) to initiate (through civil actions for
                    injunctive, declaratory, or other appropriate relief),
                    defend (in the case of any civil action brought under
                    section 309(a)(8) of this Act) or appeal (including a
                    proceeding before the Supreme Court on certiorari) any
                    civil action in the name of the Commission to enforce
                    the provisions of this Act and chapter 95 and chapter
                    96 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, through its
                    general counsel;
                        ``(B) to render advisory opinions under section 308
                    of this Act;
                        ``(C) to develop such prescribed forms and to make,
                    amend, and repeal such rules, pursuant to the
                    provisions of chapter 5 of title 5, United States Code,
                    as are necessary to carry out the provisions of this
                    Act and chapter 95 and chapter 96 of the Internal
                    Revenue Code of 1986;
                        ``(D) to conduct investigations and hearings
                    expeditiously, to encourage voluntary compliance, and
                    to report apparent violations to the appropriate law
                    enforcement authorities; and
                        ``(E) to transmit to the President and Congress not
                    later than June 1 of each year a report which states in
                    detail the activities of the Commission in carrying out
                    its duties under this Act, and which includes any
                    recommendations for any legislative or other action the
                    Commission considers appropriate.
                ``(3) Permitting commission to exercise other powers of
            chair.--With respect to any investigation, action, or
            proceeding, the Commission, by an affirmative vote of a
            majority of the members who are serving at the time, may
            exercise any of the powers of the Chair described in paragraph
            (1)(B).''.
                (2) Conforming amendments relating to personnel
            authority.--Section 306(f) of such Act (52 U.S.C. 30106(f)) is
            amended--
                        (A) by amending the first sentence of paragraph (1)
                    to read as follows: ``The Commission shall have a staff
                    director who shall be appointed by the Chair of the
                    Commission in consultation with the other members and a
                    general counsel who shall be appointed by the Chair
                    with the concurrence of at least two other members.'';
                        (B) in paragraph (2), by striking ``With the
                    approval of the Commission'' and inserting ``With the
                    approval of the Chair of the Commission''; and
                        (C) by striking paragraph (3).
                (3) Conforming amendment relating to budget submission.--
            Section 307(d)(1) of such Act (52 U.S.C. 30107(d)(1)) is
            amended by striking ``the Commission submits any budget'' and
            inserting ``the Chair (or, pursuant to subsection (a)(3), the
            Commission) submits any budget''.
                (4) Other conforming amendments.--Section 306(c) of such
            Act (52 U.S.C. 30106(c)) is amended by striking ``All
            decisions'' and inserting ``Subject to section 307(a), all
            decisions''.
                (5) Technical amendment.--The heading of section 307 of
            such Act (52 U.S.C. 30107) is amended by striking ``the
            commission'' and inserting ``the chair and the commission''.

    SEC. 6004. REVISION TO ENFORCEMENT PROCESS.

        (a) Standard for Initiating Investigations and Determining Whether
    Violations Have Occurred.--
                (1) Revision of standards.--Section 309(a) of the Federal
            Election Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30109(a)) is amended
            by striking paragraphs (2) and (3) and inserting the following:
        ``(2)(A) The general counsel, upon receiving a complaint filed with
    the Commission under paragraph (1) or upon the basis of information
    ascertained by the Commission in the normal course of carrying out its
    supervisory responsibilities, shall make a determination as to whether
    or not there is reason to believe that a person has committed, or is
    about to commit, a violation of this Act or chapter 95 or chapter 96 of
    the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, and as to whether or not the
    Commission should either initiate an investigation of the matter or
    that the complaint should be dismissed. The general counsel shall
    promptly provide notification to the Commission of such determination
    and the reasons therefore, together with any written response submitted
    under paragraph (1) by the person alleged to have committed the
    violation. Upon the expiration of the 30-day period which begins on the
    date the general counsel provides such notification, the general
    counsel's determination shall take effect, unless during such 30-day
    period the Commission, by vote of a majority of the members of the
    Commission who are serving at the time, overrules the general counsel's
    determination. If the determination by the general counsel that the
    Commission should investigate the matter takes effect, or if the
    determination by the general counsel that the complaint should be
    dismissed is overruled as provided under the previous sentence, the
    general counsel shall initiate an investigation of the matter on behalf
    of the Commission.
        ``(B) If the Commission initiates an investigation pursuant to
    subparagraph (A), the Commission, through the Chair, shall notify the
    subject of the investigation of the alleged violation. Such
    notification shall set forth the factual basis for such alleged
    violation. The Commission shall make an investigation of such alleged
    violation, which may include a field investigation or audit, in
    accordance with the provisions of this section. The general counsel
    shall provide notification to the Commission of any intent to issue a
    subpoena or conduct any other form of discovery pursuant to the
    investigation. Upon the expiration of the 15-day period which begins on
    the date the general counsel provides such notification, the general
    counsel may issue the subpoena or conduct the discovery, unless during
    such 15-day period the Commission, by vote of a majority of the members
    of the Commission who are serving at the time, prohibits the general
    counsel from issuing the subpoena or conducting the discovery.
        ``(3)(A) Upon completion of an investigation under paragraph (2),
    the general counsel shall promptly submit to the Commission the general
    counsel's recommendation that the Commission find either that there is
    probable cause or that there is not probable cause to believe that a
    person has committed, or is about to commit, a violation of this Act or
    chapter 95 or chapter 96 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, and
    shall include with the recommendation a brief stating the position of
    the general counsel on the legal and factual issues of the case.
        ``(B) At the time the general counsel submits to the Commission the
    recommendation under subparagraph (A), the general counsel shall
    simultaneously notify the respondent of such recommendation and the
    reasons therefore, shall provide the respondent with an opportunity to
    submit a brief within 30 days stating the position of the respondent on
    the legal and factual issues of the case and replying to the brief of
    the general counsel. The general counsel shall promptly submit such
    brief to the Commission upon receipt.
        ``(C) Not later than 30 days after the general counsel submits the
    recommendation to the Commission under subparagraph (A) (or, if the
    respondent submits a brief under subparagraph (B), not later than 30
    days after the general counsel submits the respondent's brief to the
    Commission under such subparagraph), the Commission shall approve or
    disapprove the recommendation by vote of a majority of the members of
    the Commission who are serving at the time.''.
                (2) Conforming amendment relating to initial response to
            filing of complaint.--Section 309(a)(1) of such Act (52 U.S.C.
            30109(a)(1)) is amended--
                        (A) in the third sentence, by striking ``the
                    Commission'' and inserting ``the general counsel''; and
                        (B) by amending the fourth sentence to read as
                    follows: ``Not later than 15 days after receiving
                    notice from the general counsel under the previous
                    sentence, the person may provide the general counsel
                    with a written response that no action should be taken
                    against such person on the basis of the complaint.''.
        (b) Revision of Standard for Review of Dismissal of Complaints.--
                (1) In general.--Section 309(a)(8) of such Act (52 U.S.C.
            30109(a)(8)) is amended to read as follows:
        ``(8)(A)(i) Any party aggrieved by an order of the Commission
    dismissing a complaint filed by such party may file a petition with the
    United States District Court for the District of Columbia. Any petition
    under this subparagraph shall be filed within 60 days after the date on
    which the party received notice of the dismissal of the complaint.
        ``(ii) In any proceeding under this subparagraph, the court shall
    determine by de novo review whether the agency's dismissal of the
    complaint is contrary to law. In any matter in which the penalty for
    the alleged violation is greater than $50,000, the court should
    disregard any claim or defense by the Commission of prosecutorial
    discretion as a basis for dismissing the complaint.
        ``(B)(i) Any party who has filed a complaint with the Commission
    and who is aggrieved by a failure of the Commission, within one year
    after the filing of the complaint, to either dismiss the complaint or
    to find reason to believe a violation has occurred or is about to
    occur, may file a petition with the United States District Court for
    the District of Columbia.
        ``(ii) In any proceeding under this subparagraph, the court shall
    treat the failure to act on the complaint as a dismissal of the
    complaint, and shall determine by de novo review whether the agency's
    failure to act on the complaint is contrary to law.
        ``(C) In any proceeding under this paragraph the court may declare
    that the dismissal of the complaint or the failure to act is contrary
    to law, and may direct the Commission to conform with such declaration
    within 30 days, failing which the complainant may bring, in the name of
    such complainant, a civil action to remedy the violation involved in
    the original complaint.''.
                (2) Effective date.--The amendments made by paragraph (1)
            shall apply--
                        (A) in the case of complaints which are dismissed
                    by the Federal Election Commission, with respect to
                    complaints which are dismissed on or after the date of
                    the enactment of this Act; and
                        (B) in the case of complaints upon which the
                    Federal Election Commission failed to act, with respect
                    to complaints which were filed on or after the date of
                    the enactment of this Act.

    SEC. 6005. PERMITTING APPEARANCE AT HEARINGS ON REQUESTS FOR ADVISORY
                  OPINIONS BY PERSONS OPPOSING THE REQUESTS.

        (a) In General.--Section 308 of such Act (52 U.S.C. 30108) is
    amended by adding at the end the following new subsection:
        ``(e) To the extent that the Commission provides an opportunity for
    a person requesting an advisory opinion under this section (or counsel
    for such person) to appear before the Commission to present testimony
    in support of the request, and the person (or counsel) accepts such
    opportunity, the Commission shall provide a reasonable opportunity for
    an interested party who submitted written comments under subsection (d)
    in response to the request (or counsel for such interested party) to
    appear before the Commission to present testimony in response to the
    request.''.
        (b) Effective Date.--The amendment made by subsection (a) shall
    apply with respect to requests for advisory opinions under section 308
    of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 which are made on or after
    the date of the enactment of this Act.

    SEC. 6006. PERMANENT EXTENSION OF ADMINISTRATIVE PENALTY AUTHORITY.

        (a) Extension of Authority.--Section 309(a)(4)(C)(v) of the Federal
    Election Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30109(a)(4)(C)(v)) is amended
    by striking ``, and that end on or before December 31, 2023''.
        (b) Effective Date.--The amendment made by subsection (a) shall
    take effect on December 31, 2021.

    SEC. 6007. RESTRICTIONS ON EX PARTE COMMUNICATIONS.

        Section 306(e) of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (52
    U.S.C. 30106(e)) is amended--
                (1) by striking ``(e) The Commission'' and inserting
            ``(e)(1) The Commission''; and
                (2) by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
        ``(2) Members and employees of the Commission shall be subject to
    limitations on ex parte communications, as provided in the regulations
    promulgated by the Commission regarding such communications which are
    in effect on the date of the enactment of this paragraph.''.

    SEC. 6008. CLARIFYING AUTHORITY OF FEC ATTORNEYS TO REPRESENT FEC IN
                  SUPREME COURT.

        (a) Clarifying Authority.--Section 306(f)(4) of the Federal
    Election Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30106(f)(4)) is amended by
    striking ``any action instituted under this Act, either (A) by
    attorneys'' and inserting ``any action instituted under this Act,
    including an action before the Supreme Court of the United States,
    either (A) by the General Counsel of the Commission and other
    attorneys''.
        (b) Effective Date.--The amendment made by paragraph (1) shall
    apply with respect to actions instituted before, on, or after the date
    of the enactment of this Act.

    SEC. 6009. REQUIRING FORMS TO PERMIT USE OF ACCENT MARKS.

        (a) Requirement.--Section 311(a)(1) of the Federal Election
    Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30111(a)(1)) is amended by striking the
    semicolon at the end and inserting the following: ``, and shall ensure
    that all such forms (including forms in an electronic format) permit
    the person using the form to include an accent mark as part of the
    person's identification;''.
        (b) Effective Date.--The amendment made by subsection (a) shall
    take effect upon the expiration of the 90-day period which begins on
    the date of the enactment of this Act.

    SEC. 6010. EXTENSION OF STATUTE OF LIMITATIONS FOR OFFENSES UNDER
                  FEDERAL ELECTION CAMPAIGN ACT OF 1971.

        (a) Civil Offenses.--Section 309(a) of the Federal Election
    Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30109(a)) is amended by inserting after
    paragraph (9) the following new paragraph:
        ``(10) No person shall be subject to a civil penalty under this
    subsection with respect to a violation of this Act unless a complaint
    is filed with the Commission with respect to the violation under
    paragraph (1), or the Commission responds to information with respect
    to the violation which is ascertained in the normal course of carrying
    out its supervisory responsibilities under paragraph (2), not later
    than 15 years after the date on which the violation occurred.''.
        (b) Criminal Offenses.--Section 406(a) of such Act (52 U.S.C.
    30145(a)) is amended by striking ``5 years'' and inserting ``10
    years''.
        (c) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall
    apply with respect to violations occurring on or after the date of the
    enactment of this Act.

    SEC. 6011. EFFECTIVE DATE; TRANSITION.

        (a) In General.--Except as otherwise provided, the amendments made
    by this subtitle shall apply beginning January 1, 2022.
        (b) Transition.--
                (1) Termination of service of current members.--
            Notwithstanding any provision of the Federal Election Campaign
            Act of 1971, the term of any individual serving as a member of
            the Federal Election Commission as of December 31, 2021, shall
            expire on that date.
                (2) No effect on existing cases or proceedings.--Nothing in
            this subtitle or in any amendment made by this subtitle shall
            affect any of the powers exercised by the Federal Election
            Commission prior to December 31, 2021, including any
            investigation initiated by the Commission prior to such date or
            any proceeding (including any enforcement action) pending as of
            such date.

             Subtitle B--Stopping Super PAC-Candidate Coordination

    SEC. 6101. SHORT TITLE.

        This subtitle may be cited as the ``Stop Super PAC-Candidate
    Coordination Act''.

    SEC. 6102. CLARIFICATION OF TREATMENT OF COORDINATED EXPENDITURES AS
                  CONTRIBUTIONS TO CANDIDATES.

        (a) Treatment as Contribution to Candidate.--Section 301(8)(A) of
    the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30101(8)(A)) is
    amended--
                (1) by striking ``or'' at the end of clause (i);
                (2) by striking the period at the end of clause (ii) and
            inserting ``; or''; and
                (3) by adding at the end the following new clause:
                        ``(iii) any payment made by any person (other than
                    a candidate, an authorized committee of a candidate, or
                    a political committee of a political party) for a
                    coordinated expenditure (as such term is defined in
                    section 326) which is not otherwise treated as a
                    contribution under clause (i) or clause (ii).''.
        (b) Definitions.--Title III of such Act (52 U.S.C. 30101 et seq.),
    as amended by section 4421 and section 4802(a), is amended by adding at
    the end the following new section:

    ``SEC. 327. PAYMENTS FOR COORDINATED EXPENDITURES.

        ``(a) Coordinated Expenditures.--
                ``(1) In general.--For purposes of section 301(8)(A)(iii),
            the term `coordinated expenditure' means--
                        ``(A) any expenditure, or any payment for a covered
                    communication described in subsection (d), which is
                    made in cooperation, consultation, or concert with, or
                    at the request or suggestion of, a candidate, an
                    authorized committee of a candidate, a political
                    committee of a political party, or agents of the
                    candidate or committee, as defined in subsection (b);
                    or
                        ``(B) any payment for any communication which
                    republishes, disseminates, or distributes, in whole or
                    in part, any video or broadcast or any written,
                    graphic, or other form of campaign material prepared by
                    the candidate or committee or by agents of the
                    candidate or committee (including any excerpt or use of
                    any video from any such broadcast or written, graphic,
                    or other form of campaign material).
                ``(2) Exception for payments for certain communications.--A
            payment for a communication (including a covered communication
            described in subsection (d)) shall not be treated as a
            coordinated expenditure under this subsection if--
                        ``(A) the communication appears in a news story,
                    commentary, or editorial distributed through the
                    facilities of any broadcasting station, newspaper,
                    magazine, or other periodical publication, unless such
                    facilities are owned or controlled by any political
                    party, political committee, or candidate; or
                        ``(B) the communication constitutes a candidate
                    debate or forum conducted pursuant to regulations
                    adopted by the Commission pursuant to section
                    304(f)(3)(B)(iii), or which solely promotes such a
                    debate or forum and is made by or on behalf of the
                    person sponsoring the debate or forum.
        ``(b) Coordination Described.--
                ``(1) In general.--For purposes of this section, a payment
            is made `in cooperation, consultation, or concert with, or at
            the request or suggestion of,' a candidate, an authorized
            committee of a candidate, a political committee of a political
            party, or agents of the candidate or committee, if the payment,
            or any communication for which the payment is made, is not made
            entirely independently of the candidate, committee, or agents.
            For purposes of the previous sentence, a payment or
            communication not made entirely independently of the candidate
            or committee includes any payment or communication made
            pursuant to any general or particular understanding with, or
            pursuant to any communication with, the candidate, committee,
            or agents about the payment or communication.
                ``(2) No finding of coordination based solely on sharing of
            information regarding legislative or policy position.--For
            purposes of this section, a payment shall not be considered to
            be made by a person in cooperation, consultation, or concert
            with, or at the request or suggestion of, a candidate or
            committee, solely on the grounds that the person or the
            person's agent engaged in discussions with the candidate or
            committee, or with any agent of the candidate or committee,
            regarding that person's position on a legislative or policy
            matter (including urging the candidate or committee to adopt
            that person's position), so long as there is no communication
            between the person and the candidate or committee, or any agent
            of the candidate or committee, regarding the candidate's or
            committee's campaign advertising, message, strategy, policy,
            polling, allocation of resources, fundraising, or other
            campaign activities.
                ``(3) No effect on party coordination standard.--Nothing in
            this section shall be construed to affect the determination of
            coordination between a candidate and a political committee of a
            political party for purposes of section 315(d).
                ``(4) No safe harbor for use of firewall.--A person shall
            be determined to have made a payment in cooperation,
            consultation, or concert with, or at the request or suggestion
            of, a candidate or committee, in accordance with this section
            without regard to whether or not the person established and
            used a firewall or similar procedures to restrict the sharing
            of information between individuals who are employed by or who
            are serving as agents for the person making the payment.
        ``(c) Payments by Coordinated Spenders for Covered
    Communications.--
                ``(1) Payments made in cooperation, consultation, or
            concert with candidates.--For purposes of subsection (a)(1)(A),
            if the person who makes a payment for a covered communication,
            as defined in subsection (d), is a coordinated spender under
            paragraph (2) with respect to the candidate as described in
            subsection (d)(1), the payment for the covered communication is
            made in cooperation, consultation, or concert with the
            candidate.
                ``(2) Coordinated spender defined.--For purposes of this
            subsection, the term `coordinated spender' means, with respect
            to a candidate or an authorized committee of a candidate, a
            person (other than a political committee of a political party)
            for which any of the following applies:
                        ``(A) During the 4-year period ending on the date
                    on which the person makes the payment, the person was
                    directly or indirectly formed or established by or at
                    the request or suggestion of, or with the encouragement
                    of, the candidate (including an individual who later
                    becomes a candidate) or committee or agents of the
                    candidate or committee, including with the approval of
                    the candidate or committee or agents of the candidate
                    or committee.
                        ``(B) The candidate or committee or any agent of
                    the candidate or committee solicits funds, appears at a
                    fundraising event, or engages in other fundraising
                    activity on the person's behalf during the election
                    cycle involved, including by providing the person with
                    names of potential donors or other lists to be used by
                    the person in engaging in fundraising activity,
                    regardless of whether the person pays fair market value
                    for the names or lists provided. For purposes of this
                    subparagraph, the term `election cycle' means, with
                    respect to an election for Federal office, the period
                    beginning on the day after the date of the most recent
                    general election for that office (or, if the general
                    election resulted in a runoff election, the date of the
                    runoff election) and ending on the date of the next
                    general election for that office (or, if the general
                    election resulted in a runoff election, the date of the
                    runoff election).
                        ``(C) The person is established, directed, or
                    managed by the candidate or committee or by any person
                    who, during the 4-year period ending on the date on
                    which the person makes the payment, has been employed
                    or retained as a political, campaign media, or
                    fundraising adviser or consultant for the candidate or
                    committee or for any other entity directly or
                    indirectly controlled by the candidate or committee, or
                    has held a formal position with the candidate or
                    committee (including a position as an employee of the
                    office of the candidate at any time the candidate held
                    any Federal, State, or local public office during the
                    4-year period).
                        ``(D) The person has retained the professional
                    services of any person who, during the 2-year period
                    ending on the date on which the person makes the
                    payment, has provided or is providing professional
                    services relating to the campaign to the candidate or
                    committee, without regard to whether the person
                    providing the professional services used a firewall.
                    For purposes of this subparagraph, the term
                    `professional services' includes any services in
                    support of the candidate's or committee's campaign
                    activities, including advertising, message, strategy,
                    policy, polling, allocation of resources, fundraising,
                    and campaign operations, but does not include
                    accounting or legal services.
                        ``(E) The person is established, directed, or
                    managed by a member of the immediate family of the
                    candidate, or the person or any officer or agent of the
                    person has had more than incidental discussions about
                    the candidate's campaign with a member of the immediate
                    family of the candidate. For purposes of this
                    subparagraph, the term `immediate family' has the
                    meaning given such term in section 9004(e) of the
                    Internal Revenue Code of 1986.
        ``(d) Covered Communication Defined.--
                ``(1) In general.--For purposes of this section, the term
            `covered communication' means, with respect to a candidate or
            an authorized committee of a candidate, a public communication
            (as defined in section 301(22)) which--
                        ``(A) expressly advocates the election of the
                    candidate or the defeat of an opponent of the candidate
                    (or contains the functional equivalent of express
                    advocacy);
                        ``(B) promotes or supports the election of the
                    candidate, or attacks or opposes the election of an
                    opponent of the candidate (regardless of whether the
                    communication expressly advocates the election or
                    defeat of a candidate or contains the functional
                    equivalent of express advocacy); or
                        ``(C) refers to the candidate or an opponent of the
                    candidate but is not described in subparagraph (A) or
                    subparagraph (B), but only if the communication is
                    disseminated during the applicable election period.
                ``(2) Applicable election period.--In paragraph (1)(C), the
            `applicable election period' with respect to a communication
            means--
                        ``(A) in the case of a communication which refers
                    to a candidate in a general, special, or runoff
                    election, the 120-day period which ends on the date of
                    the election; or
                        ``(B) in the case of a communication which refers
                    to a candidate in a primary or preference election, or
                    convention or caucus of a political party that has
                    authority to nominate a candidate, the 60-day period
                    which ends on the date of the election or convention or
                    caucus.
                ``(3) Special rules for communications involving
            congressional candidates.--For purposes of this subsection, a
            public communication shall not be considered to be a covered
            communication with respect to a candidate for election for an
            office other than the office of President or Vice President
            unless it is publicly disseminated or distributed in the
            jurisdiction of the office the candidate is seeking.
        ``(e) Penalty.--
                ``(1) Determination of amount.--Any person who knowingly
            and willfully commits a violation of this Act by making a
            contribution which consists of a payment for a coordinated
            expenditure shall be fined an amount equal to the greater of--
                        ``(A) in the case of a person who makes a
                    contribution which consists of a payment for a
                    coordinated expenditure in an amount exceeding the
                    applicable contribution limit under this Act, 300
                    percent of the amount by which the amount of the
                    payment made by the person exceeds such applicable
                    contribution limit; or
                        ``(B) in the case of a person who is prohibited
                    under this Act from making a contribution in any
                    amount, 300 percent of the amount of the payment made
                    by the person for the coordinated expenditure.
                ``(2) Joint and several liability.--Any director, manager,
            or officer of a person who is subject to a penalty under
            paragraph (1) shall be jointly and severally liable for any
            amount of such penalty that is not paid by the person prior to
            the expiration of the 1-year period which begins on the date
            the Commission imposes the penalty or the 1-year period which
            begins on the date of the final judgment following any judicial
            review of the Commission's action, whichever is later.''.
        (c) Effective Date.--
                (1) Repeal of existing regulations on coordination.--
            Effective upon the expiration of the 90-day period which begins
            on the date of the enactment of this Act--
                        (A) the regulations on coordinated communications
                    adopted by the Federal Election Commission which are in
                    effect on the date of the enactment of this Act (as set
                    forth in 11 CFR Part 109, Subpart C, under the heading
                    ``Coordination'') are repealed; and
                        (B) the Federal Election Commission shall
                    promulgate new regulations on coordinated
                    communications which reflect the amendments made by
                    this Act.
                (2) Effective date.--The amendments made by this section
            shall apply with respect to payments made on or after the
            expiration of the 120-day period which begins on the date of
            the enactment of this Act, without regard to whether or not the
            Federal Election Commission has promulgated regulations in
            accordance with paragraph (1)(B) as of the expiration of such
            period.

    SEC. 6103. CLARIFICATION OF BAN ON FUNDRAISING FOR SUPER PACS BY
                  FEDERAL CANDIDATES AND OFFICEHOLDERS.

        (a) In General.--Section 323(e)(1) of the Federal Election Campaign
    Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30125(e)(1)) is amended--
                (1) by striking ``or'' at the end of subparagraph (A);
                (2) by striking the period at the end of subparagraph (B)
            and inserting ``; or''; and
                (3) by adding at the end the following new subparagraph:
                        ``(C) solicit, receive, direct, or transfer funds
                    to or on behalf of any political committee which
                    accepts donations or contributions that do not comply
                    with the limitations, prohibitions, and reporting
                    requirements of this Act (or to or on behalf of any
                    account of a political committee which is established
                    for the purpose of accepting such donations or
                    contributions), or to or on behalf of any political
                    organization under section 527 of the Internal Revenue
                    Code of 1986 which accepts such donations or
                    contributions (other than a committee of a State or
                    local political party or a candidate for election for
                    State or local office).''.
        (b) Effective Date.--The amendment made by subsection (a) shall
    apply with respect to elections occurring after January 1, 2022.

               Subtitle C--Disposal of Contributions or Donations

    SEC. 6201. TIMEFRAME FOR AND PRIORITIZATION OF DISPOSAL OF
                  CONTRIBUTIONS OR DONATIONS.

        Section 313 of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C.
    30114), as amended by section 5113 and section 5302, is amended--
                (1) by redesignating subsections (c), (d), and (e) as
            subsections (d), (e), and (f), respectively; and
                (2) by inserting after subsection (b) the following new
            subsection:
        ``(c) Disposal.--
                ``(1) Timeframe.--Contributions or donations described in
            subsection (a) may only be used--
                        ``(A) in the case of an individual who is not a
                    candidate with respect to an election for any Federal
                    office for a 6-year period beginning on the day after
                    the date of the most recent such election in which the
                    individual was a candidate for any such office, during
                    such 6-year period;
                        ``(B) in the case of an individual who becomes a
                    registered lobbyist under the Lobbying Disclosure Act
                    of 1995, before the date on which such individual
                    becomes such a registered lobbyist; or
                        ``(C) in the case of an individual who becomes an
                    agent of a foreign principal that would require
                    registration under section 2 of the Foreign Agents
                    Registration Act of 1938, as amended (22 U.S.C. 612),
                    before the date on which such individual becomes such
                    an agent of a foreign principal.
                ``(2) Means of disposal; prioritization.--Beginning on the
            date the 6-year period described in subparagraph (A) of
            paragraph (1) ends (or, in the case of an individual described
            in subparagraph (B) of such paragraph, the date on which the
            individual becomes a registered lobbyist under the Lobbying
            Disclosure Act of 1995, or, in the case of an individual
            described in subparagraph (C) of such paragraph, the date on
            which the individual becomes a registered agent of a foreign
            principal under the Foreign Agents Registration Act of 1938, as
            amended), contributions or donations that remain available to
            an individual described in such paragraph shall be disposed of,
            not later than 30 days after such date, as follows:
                        ``(A) First, to pay any debts or obligations owed
                    in connection with the campaign for election for
                    Federal office of the individual.
                        ``(B) Second, to the extent such contribution or
                    donations remain available after the application of
                    subparagraph (A), through any of the following means of
                    disposal (or a combination thereof), in any order the
                    individual considers appropriate:
                                ``(i) Returning such contributions or
                            donations to the individuals, entities, or
                            both, who made such contributions or donations.
                                ``(ii) Making contributions to an
                            organization described in section 170(c) of the
                            Internal Revenue Code of 1986.
                                ``(iii) Making transfers to a national,
                            State, or local committee of a political
                            party.''.

    SEC. 6202. 1-YEAR TRANSITION PERIOD FOR CERTAIN INDIVIDUALS.

        (a) In General.--In the case of an individual described in
    subsection (b), any contributions or donations remaining available to
    the individual shall be disposed of--
                (1) not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment
            of this section; and
                (2) in accordance with the prioritization specified in
            subparagraphs (A) through (D) of subsection (c)(2) of section
            313 of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C.
            30114), as amended by section 6201.
        (b) Individuals Described.--An individual described in this
    subsection is an individual who, as of the date of the enactment of
    this section--
                (1)(A) is not a candidate with respect to an election for
            any Federal office for a period of not less than 6 years
            beginning on the day after the date of the most recent such
            election in which the individual was a candidate for any such
            office; or
                (B) is an individual who becomes a registered lobbyist
            under the Lobbying Disclosure Act of 1995; and
                (2) would be in violation of subsection (c) of section 313
            of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30114),
            as amended by section 6201.

    Subtitle D--Recommendations to Ensure Filing of Reports Before Date of
                                    Election

    SEC. 6301. RECOMMENDATIONS TO ENSURE FILING OF REPORTS BEFORE DATE OF
                  ELECTION.

        Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this
    Act, the Federal Election Commission shall submit a report to Congress
    providing recommendations, including recommendations for changes to
    existing law, on how to ensure that each political committee under the
    Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971, including a committee which
    accepts donations or contributions that do not comply with the
    limitations, prohibitions, and reporting requirements of such Act, will
    file a report under section 304 of such Act prior to the date of the
    election for which the committee receives contributions or makes
    disbursements, without regard to the date on which the committee first
    registered under such Act, and shall include specific recommendations
    to ensure that such committees will not delay until after the date of
    the election the reporting of the identification of persons making
    contributions that will be used to repay debt incurred by the
    committee.

                            Subtitle E--Severability

    SEC. 6401. SEVERABILITY.

        If any provision of this title or amendment made by this title, or
    the application of a provision or amendment to any person or
    circumstance, is held to be unconstitutional, the remainder of this
    title and amendments made by this title, and the application of the
    provisions and amendment to any person or circumstance, shall not be
    affected by the holding.

                               DIVISION C--ETHICS

                          TITLE VII--ETHICAL STANDARDS

                        Subtitle A--Supreme Court Ethics

    Sec. 7001. Code of conduct for Federal judges.
                    Subtitle B--Foreign Agents Registration

    Sec. 7101. Establishment of FARA investigation and enforcement unit
                                within Department of Justice.
    Sec. 7102. Authority to impose civil money penalties.
    Sec. 7103. Disclosure of transactions involving things of financial
                                value conferred on officeholders.
    Sec. 7104. Ensuring online access to registration statements.
    Sec. 7105. Disclaimer requirements for materials posted on online
                                platforms by agents of foreign principals
                                on behalf of clients.
    Sec. 7106. Clarification of treatment of individuals who engage with
                                the United States in political activities
                                for a foreign principal in any place as
                                agents of foreign principals.
    Sec. 7107. Analysis and report on challenges to enforcement of Foreign
                                Agents Registration Act of 1938.
                     Subtitle C--Lobbying Disclosure Reform

    Sec. 7201. Expanding scope of individuals and activities subject to
                                requirements of Lobbying Disclosure Act of
                                1995.
    Sec. 7202. Prohibiting receipt of compensation for lobbying activities
                                on behalf of foreign countries violating
                                human rights.
    Sec. 7203. Requiring lobbyists to disclose status as lobbyists upon
                                making any lobbying contacts.
                 Subtitle D--Recusal of Presidential Appointees

    Sec. 7301. Recusal of appointees.
               Subtitle E--Clearinghouse on Lobbying Information

    Sec. 7401. Establishment of clearinghouse.
                            Subtitle F--Severability

    Sec. 7501. Severability.

                        Subtitle A--Supreme Court Ethics

    SEC. 7001. CODE OF CONDUCT FOR FEDERAL JUDGES.

        (a) In General.--Chapter 57 of title 28, United States Code, is
    amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``Sec. 964. Code of conduct
        ``Not later than one year after the date of the enactment of this
    section, the Judicial Conference shall issue a code of conduct, which
    applies to each justice and judge of the United States, except that the
    code of conduct may include provisions that are applicable only to
    certain categories of judges or justices.''.
        (b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of sections for chapter 57 of
    title 28, United States Code, is amended by adding after the item
    related to section 963 the following:

    ``964. Code of conduct.''.

                    Subtitle B--Foreign Agents Registration

    SEC. 7101. ESTABLISHMENT OF FARA INVESTIGATION AND ENFORCEMENT UNIT
                  WITHIN DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE.

        Section 8 of the Foreign Agents Registration Act of 1938, as
    amended (22 U.S.C. 618) is amended by adding at the end the following
    new subsection:
        ``(i) Dedicated Enforcement Unit.--
                ``(1) Establishment.--Not later than 180 days after the
            date of enactment of this subsection, the Attorney General
            shall establish a unit within the counterespionage section of
            the National Security Division of the Department of Justice
            with responsibility for the enforcement of this Act.
                ``(2) Powers.--The unit established under this subsection
            is authorized to--
                        ``(A) take appropriate legal action against
                    individuals suspected of violating this Act; and
                        ``(B) coordinate any such legal action with the
                    United States Attorney for the relevant jurisdiction.
                ``(3) Consultation.--In operating the unit established
            under this subsection, the Attorney General shall, as
            appropriate, consult with the Director of National
            Intelligence, the Secretary of Homeland Security, and the
            Secretary of State.
                ``(4) Authorization of appropriations.--There are
            authorized to be appropriated to carry out the activities of
            the unit established under this subsection $10,000,000 for
            fiscal year 2021 and each succeeding fiscal year.''.

    SEC. 7102. AUTHORITY TO IMPOSE CIVIL MONEY PENALTIES.

        (a) Establishing Authority.--Section 8 of the Foreign Agents
    Registration Act of 1938, as amended (22 U.S.C. 618) is amended by
    inserting after subsection (c) the following new subsection:
        ``(d) Civil Money Penalties.--
                ``(1) Registration statements.--Whoever fails to file
            timely or complete a registration statement as provided under
            section 2(a) shall be subject to a civil money penalty of not
            more than $10,000 per violation.
                ``(2) Supplements.--Whoever fails to file timely or
            complete supplements as provided under section 2(b) shall be
            subject to a civil money penalty of not more than $1,000 per
            violation.
                ``(3) Other violations.--Whoever knowingly fails to--
                        ``(A) remedy a defective filing within 60 days
                    after notice of such defect by the Attorney General; or
                        ``(B) comply with any other provision of this Act,
            shall upon proof of such knowing violation by a preponderance
            of the evidence, be subject to a civil money penalty of not
            more than $200,000, depending on the extent and gravity of the
            violation.
                ``(4) No fines paid by foreign principals.--A civil money
            penalty paid under paragraph (1) may not be paid, directly or
            indirectly, by a foreign principal.
                ``(5) Use of fines.--All civil money penalties collected
            under this subsection shall be used to defray the cost of the
            enforcement unit established under subsection (i).''.
        (b) Effective Date.--The amendment made by subsection (a) shall
    take effect on the date of the enactment of this Act.

    SEC. 7103. DISCLOSURE OF TRANSACTIONS INVOLVING THINGS OF FINANCIAL
                  VALUE CONFERRED ON OFFICEHOLDERS.

        (a) Requiring Agents To Disclose Known Transactions.--
                (1) In general.--Section 2(a) of the Foreign Agents
            Registration Act of 1938, as amended (22 U.S.C. 612(a)) is
            amended--
                        (A) by redesignating paragraphs (10) and (11) as
                    paragraphs (11) and (12); and
                        (B) by inserting after paragraph (9) the following
                    new paragraph:
                ``(10) To the extent that the registrant has knowledge of
            any transaction which occurred in the preceding 60 days and in
            which the foreign principal for whom the registrant is acting
            as an agent conferred on a Federal or State officeholder any
            thing of financial value, including a gift, profit, salary,
            favorable regulatory treatment, or any other direct or indirect
            economic or financial benefit, a detailed statement describing
            each such transaction.''.
                (2) Effective date.--The amendments made by paragraph (1)
            shall apply with respect to statements filed on or after the
            expiration of the 90-day period which begins on the date of the
            enactment of this Act.
        (b) Supplemental Disclosure for Current Registrants.--Not later
    than the expiration of the 90-day period which begins on the date of
    the enactment of this Act, each registrant who (prior to the expiration
    of such period) filed a registration statement with the Attorney
    General under section 2(a) of the Foreign Agents Registration Act of
    1938, as amended (22 U.S.C. 612(a)) and who has knowledge of any
    transaction described in paragraph (10) of section 2(a) of such Act (as
    added by subsection (a)(1)) which occurred at any time during which the
    registrant was an agent of the foreign principal involved, shall file
    with the Attorney General a supplement to such statement under oath, on
    a form prescribed by the Attorney General, containing a detailed
    statement describing each such transaction.

    SEC. 7104. ENSURING ONLINE ACCESS TO REGISTRATION STATEMENTS.

        (a) Requiring Statements Filed by Registrants To Be in Digitized
    Format.--Section 2(g) of the Foreign Agents Registration Act of 1938,
    as amended (22 U.S.C. 612(g)) is amended by striking ``in electronic
    form'' and inserting ``in a digitized format which will enable the
    Attorney General to meet the requirements of section 6(d)(1) (relating
    to public access to an electronic database of statements and
    updates)''.
        (b) Requirements for Electronic Database of Registration Statements
    and Updates.--Section 6(d)(1) of such Act (22 U.S.C. 616(d)(1)) is
    amended--
                (1) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by striking
            ``to the extent technically practicable,''; and
                (2) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``includes the
            information'' and inserting ``includes in a digitized format
            the information''.
        (c) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall
    apply with respect to statements filed on or after the expiration of
    the 180-day period which begins on the date of the enactment of this
    Act.

    SEC. 7105. DISCLAIMER REQUIREMENTS FOR MATERIALS POSTED ON ONLINE
                  PLATFORMS BY AGENTS OF FOREIGN PRINCIPALS ON BEHALF OF
                  CLIENTS.

        (a) Method and Form of Disclaimer; Preservation of Disclaimers by
    Certain Social Media Platforms.--
                (1) Requirements described.--Section 4(b) of the Foreign
            Agents Registration Act of 1938, as amended (22 U.S.C. 614(b))
            is amended--
                        (A) by striking ``(b) It shall be unlawful'' and
                    inserting ``(b)(1) It shall be unlawful''; and
                        (B) by adding at the end the following new
                    paragraph:
        ``(2) In the case of informational materials for or in the
    interests of a foreign principal which are transmitted or caused to be
    transmitted by an agent of a foreign principal by posting on an online
    platform, the agent shall ensure that the conspicuous statement
    required to be placed in such materials under this subsection is placed
    directly with the material posted on the platform and is not accessible
    only through a hyperlink or other reference to another source.
        ``(3) If the Attorney General determines that the application of
    paragraph (2) to materials posted on an online platform is not feasible
    because the length of the conspicuous statement required to be placed
    in materials under this subsection makes the inclusion of the entire
    statement incompatible with the posting of the materials on that
    platform, an agent may meet the requirements of paragraph (2) by
    ensuring that an abbreviated version of the statement, stating that the
    materials are distributed by a foreign agent on behalf of a clearly
    identified foreign principal, is placed directly with the material
    posted on the platform.
        ``(4) An online platform on which informational materials described
    in paragraph (2) are posted shall ensure that the conspicuous statement
    described in such paragraph (or, if applicable, the abbreviated
    statement described in paragraph (3)) is maintained with such materials
    at all times, including after the material is shared in a social media
    post on the platform, but only if the platform has 50,000,000 or more
    unique monthly United States visitors or users for a majority of months
    during the 12 months preceding the dissemination of the materials.''.
                (2) Effective date.--The amendments made by paragraph (1)
            shall apply with respect to materials disseminated on or after
            the expiration of the 60-day period which begins on the date of
            the enactment of this Act, without regard to whether or not the
            Attorney General has promulgated regulations to carry out such
            amendments prior to the expiration of such period.
        (b) Application of Requirements to Persons Outside the United
    States.--
                (1) In general.--Section 4(b)(1) of such Act (22 U.S.C.
            614(b)(1)), as amended by subsection (a), is amended by
            striking ``any person within the United States'' and inserting
            ``any person''.
                (2) Effective date.--The amendment made by paragraph (1)
            shall apply with respect to materials disseminated on or after
            the expiration of the 60-day period which begins on the date of
            the enactment of this Act, without regard to whether or not the
            Attorney General has promulgated regulations to carry out such
            amendments prior to the expiration of such period.
        (c) Requirements for Online Platforms Disseminating Informational
    Materials Transmitted by Agents of Foreign Principals.--
                (1) In general.--Section 4 of such Act (22 U.S.C. 614) is
            amended by adding at the end the following new subsection:
        ``(g) If the Attorney General determines that an agent of a foreign
    principal transmitted or caused to be transmitted informational
    materials on an online platform for or in the interests of the foreign
    principal and did not meet the requirements of subsection (b)(2)
    (relating to the conspicuous statement required to be placed in such
    materials)--
                ``(1) the Attorney General shall notify the online
            platform; and
                ``(2) the online platform shall remove such materials and
            use reasonable efforts to inform recipients of such materials
            that the materials were disseminated by a foreign agent on
            behalf of a foreign principal.''.
                (2) Effective date.--The amendment made by paragraph (1)
            shall apply with respect to materials disseminated on or after
            the expiration of the 60-day period which begins on the date of
            the enactment of this Act.
        (d) Definition.--Section 1 of such Act (22 U.S.C. 611) is amended
    by inserting after subsection (i) the following new subsection:
        ``(j) The term `online platform' means any public-facing website,
    web application, or digital application (including a social network, ad
    network, or search engine).''.

    SEC. 7106. CLARIFICATION OF TREATMENT OF INDIVIDUALS WHO ENGAGE WITH
                  THE UNITED STATES IN POLITICAL ACTIVITIES FOR A FOREIGN
                  PRINCIPAL IN ANY PLACE AS AGENTS OF FOREIGN PRINCIPALS.

        Section 1(c)(1)(i) of the Foreign Agents Registration Act of 1938,
    as amended (22 U.S.C. 611(c)(1)(i)) is amended by inserting after
    ``United States'' the following: ``(whether within or outside of the
    United States)''.

    SEC. 7107. ANALYSIS AND REPORT ON CHALLENGES TO ENFORCEMENT OF FOREIGN
                  AGENTS REGISTRATION ACT OF 1938.

        (a) Analysis.--The Attorney General shall conduct an analysis of
    the legal, policy, and procedural challenges to the effective
    enforcement of the Foreign Agents Registration Act of 1938, as amended
    (22 U.S.C. 611 et seq.).
        (b) Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the
    enactment of this Act, the Attorney General shall submit to Congress a
    report on the analysis conducted under subsection (a), and shall
    include in the report such recommendations, including recommendations
    for revisions to the Foreign Agents Registration Act of 1938, as the
    Attorney General considers appropriate to promote the effective
    enforcement of such Act.

                     Subtitle C--Lobbying Disclosure Reform

    SEC. 7201. EXPANDING SCOPE OF INDIVIDUALS AND ACTIVITIES SUBJECT TO
                  REQUIREMENTS OF LOBBYING DISCLOSURE ACT OF 1995.

        (a) Coverage of Individuals Providing Counseling Services.--
                (1) Treatment of counseling services in support of lobbying
            contacts as lobbying activity.--Section 3(7) of the Lobbying
            Disclosure Act of 1995 (2 U.S.C. 1602(7)) is amended--
                        (A) by striking ``efforts'' and inserting ``any
                    efforts''; and
                        (B) by striking ``research and other background
                    work'' and inserting the following: ``counseling in
                    support of such preparation and planning activities,
                    research, and other background work''.
                (2) Treatment of lobbying contact made with support of
            counseling services as lobbying contact made by individual
            providing services.--Section 3(8) of such Act (2 U.S.C.
            1602(8)) is amended by adding at the end the following new
            subparagraph:
                        ``(C) Treatment of providers of counseling
                    services.--Any individual, with authority to direct or
                    substantially influence a lobbying contact or contacts
                    made by another individual, and for financial or other
                    compensation provides counseling services in support of
                    preparation and planning activities which are treated
                    as lobbying activities under paragraph (7) for that
                    other individual's lobbying contact or contacts and who
                    has knowledge that the specific lobbying contact or
                    contacts were made, shall be considered to have made
                    the same lobbying contact at the same time and in the
                    same manner to the covered executive branch official or
                    covered legislative branch official involved.''.
        (b) Reduction of Percentage Exemption for Determination of
    Threshold of Lobbying Contacts Required for Individuals To Register as
    Lobbyists.--Section 3(10) of such Act (2 U.S.C. 1602(10)) is amended by
    striking ``less than 20 percent'' and inserting ``less than 10
    percent''.
        (c) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall
    apply with respect to lobbying contacts made on or after the date of
    the enactment of this Act.

    SEC. 7202. PROHIBITING RECEIPT OF COMPENSATION FOR LOBBYING ACTIVITIES
                  ON BEHALF OF FOREIGN COUNTRIES VIOLATING HUMAN RIGHTS.

        (a) Prohibition.--The Lobbying Disclosure Act of 1995 (2 U.S.C.
    1601 et seq.) is amended by inserting after section 5 the following new
    section:

    ``SEC. 5A. PROHIBITING RECEIPT OF COMPENSATION FOR LOBBYING ACTIVITIES
                  ON BEHALF OF FOREIGN COUNTRIES VIOLATING HUMAN RIGHTS.

        ``(a) Prohibition.--Notwithstanding any other provision of this
    Act, no person may accept financial or other compensation for lobbying
    activity under this Act on behalf of a client who is a government which
    the President has determined is a government that engages in gross
    violations of human rights.
        ``(b) Clarification of Treatment of Diplomatic or Consular
    Officers.--Nothing in this section may be construed to affect any
    activity of a duly accredited diplomatic or consular officer of a
    foreign government who is so recognized by the Department of State,
    while said officer is engaged in activities which are recognized by the
    Department of State as being within the scope of the functions of such
    officer.''.
        (b) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall
    apply with respect to lobbying activity under the Lobbying Disclosure
    Act of 1995 which occurs pursuant to contracts entered into on or after
    the date of the enactment of this Act.

    SEC. 7203. REQUIRING LOBBYISTS TO DISCLOSE STATUS AS LOBBYISTS UPON
                  MAKING ANY LOBBYING CONTACTS.

        (a) Mandatory Disclosure at Time of Contact.--Section 14 of the
    Lobbying Disclosure Act of 1995 (2 U.S.C. 1609) is amended--
                (1) by striking subsections (a) and (b) and inserting the
            following:
        ``(a) Requiring Identification at Time of Lobbying Contact.--Any
    person or entity that makes a lobbying contact with a covered
    legislative branch official or a covered executive branch official
    shall, at the time of the lobbying contact--
                ``(1) indicate whether the person or entity is registered
            under this chapter and identify the client on whose behalf the
            lobbying contact is made; and
                ``(2) indicate whether such client is a foreign entity and
            identify any foreign entity required to be disclosed under
            section 4(b)(4) that has a direct interest in the outcome of
            the lobbying activity.''; and
                (2) by redesignating subsection (c) as subsection (b).
        (b) Effective Date.--The amendment made by subsection (a) shall
    apply with respect to lobbying contacts made on or after the date of
    the enactment of this Act.

                 Subtitle D--Recusal of Presidential Appointees

    SEC. 7301. RECUSAL OF APPOINTEES.

        Section 208 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by adding
    at the end the following:
        ``(e)(1) Any officer or employee appointed by the President shall
    recuse himself or herself from any particular matter involving specific
    parties in which a party to that matter is--
                        ``(A) the President who appointed the officer or
                    employee, which shall include any entity in which the
                    President has a substantial interest; or
                        ``(B) the spouse of the President who appointed the
                    officer or employee, which shall include any entity in
                    which the spouse of the President has a substantial
                    interest.
        ``(2)(A) Subject to subparagraph (B), if an officer or employee is
    recused under paragraph (1), a career appointee in the agency of the
    officer or employee shall perform the functions and duties of the
    officer or employee with respect to the matter.
        ``(B)(i) In this subparagraph, the term `Commission' means a board,
    commission, or other agency for which the authority of the agency is
    vested in more than 1 member.
        ``(ii) If the recusal of a member of a Commission from a matter
    under paragraph (1) would result in there not being a statutorily
    required quorum of members of the Commission available to participate
    in the matter, notwithstanding such statute or any other provision of
    law, the members of the Commission not recused under paragraph (1)
    may--
                ``(I) consider the matter without regard to the quorum
            requirement under such statute;
                ``(II) delegate the authorities and responsibilities of the
            Commission with respect to the matter to a subcommittee of the
            Commission; or
                ``(III) designate an officer or employee of the Commission
            who was not appointed by the President who appointed the member
            of the Commission recused from the matter to exercise the
            authorities and duties of the recused member with respect to
            the matter.
        ``(3) Any officer or employee who violates paragraph (1) shall be
    subject to the penalties set forth in section 216.
        ``(4) For purposes of this section, the term `particular matter'
    shall have the meaning given the term in section 207(i).''.

               Subtitle E--Clearinghouse on Lobbying Information

    SEC. 7401. ESTABLISHMENT OF CLEARINGHOUSE.

        (a) Establishment.--The Attorney General shall establish and
    operate within the Department of Justice a clearinghouse through which
    members of the public may obtain copies (including in electronic form)
    of registration statements filed under the Lobbying Disclosure Act of
    1995 (2 U.S.C. 1601 et seq.) and the Foreign Agents Registration Act of
    1938, as amended (22 U.S.C. 611 et seq.).
        (b) Format.--The Attorney General shall ensure that the information
    in the clearinghouse established under this Act is maintained in a
    searchable and sortable format.
        (c) Agreements With Clerk of House and Secretary of the Senate.--
    The Attorney General shall enter into such agreements with the Clerk of
    the House of Representatives and the Secretary of the Senate as may be
    necessary for the Attorney General to obtain registration statements
    filed with the Clerk and the Secretary under the Lobbying Disclosure
    Act of 1995 for inclusion in the clearinghouse.

                            Subtitle F--Severability

    SEC. 7501. SEVERABILITY.

        If any provision of this title or amendment made by this title, or
    the application of a provision or amendment to any person or
    circumstance, is held to be unconstitutional, the remainder of this
    title and amendments made by this title, and the application of the
    provisions and amendment to any person or circumstance, shall not be
    affected by the holding.

       TITLE VIII--ETHICS REFORMS FOR THE PRESIDENT, VICE PRESIDENT, AND
                         FEDERAL OFFICERS AND EMPLOYEES

               Subtitle A--Executive Branch Conflict of Interest

    Sec. 8001. Short title.
    Sec. 8002. Restrictions on private sector payment for government
                                service.
    Sec. 8003. Requirements relating to slowing the revolving door.
    Sec. 8004. Prohibition of procurement officers accepting employment
                                from government contractors.
    Sec. 8005. Revolving door restrictions on employees moving into the
                                private sector.
    Sec. 8006. Guidance on unpaid employees.
    Sec. 8007. Limitation on use of Federal funds and contracting at
                                businesses owned by certain Government
                                officers and employees.
                 Subtitle B--Presidential Conflicts of Interest

    Sec. 8011. Short title.
    Sec. 8012. Divestiture of personal financial interests of the President
                                and Vice President that pose a potential
                                conflict of interest.
    Sec. 8013. Initial financial disclosure.
    Sec. 8014. Contracts by the President or Vice President.
    Sec. 8015. Legal defense funds.
                  Subtitle C--White House Ethics Transparency

    Sec. 8021. Short title.
    Sec. 8022. Procedure for waivers and authorizations relating to ethics
                                requirements.
                Subtitle D--Executive Branch Ethics Enforcement

    Sec. 8031. Short title.
    Sec. 8032. Reauthorization of the Office of Government Ethics.
    Sec. 8033. Tenure of the Director of the Office of Government Ethics.
    Sec. 8034. Duties of Director of the Office of Government Ethics.
    Sec. 8035. Agency ethics officials training and duties.
    Sec. 8036. Prohibition on use of funds for certain Federal employee
                                travel in contravention of certain
                                regulations.
    Sec. 8037. Reports on cost of Presidential travel.
    Sec. 8038. Reports on cost of senior Federal official travel.
                Subtitle E--Conflicts From Political Fundraising

    Sec. 8041. Short title.
    Sec. 8042. Disclosure of certain types of contributions.
                       Subtitle F--Transition Team Ethics

    Sec. 8051. Short title.
    Sec. 8052. Presidential transition ethics programs.
        Subtitle G--Ethics Pledge For Senior Executive Branch Employees

    Sec. 8061. Short title.
    Sec. 8062. Ethics pledge requirement for senior executive branch
                                employees.
     Subtitle H--Travel on Private Aircraft by Senior Political Appointees

    Sec. 8071. Short title.
    Sec. 8072. Prohibition on use of funds for travel on private aircraft.
                            Subtitle I--Severability

    Sec. 8081. Severability.

               Subtitle A--Executive Branch Conflict of Interest

    SEC. 8001. SHORT TITLE.

        This subtitle may be cited as the ``Executive Branch Conflict of
    Interest Act''.

    SEC. 8002. RESTRICTIONS ON PRIVATE SECTOR PAYMENT FOR GOVERNMENT
                  SERVICE.

        Section 209 of title 18, United States Code, is amended--
                (1) in subsection (a);
                        (A) by striking ``any salary'' and inserting ``any
                    salary (including a bonus)''; and
                        (B) by striking ``as compensation for his
                    services'' and inserting ``at any time, as compensation
                    for serving''; and
                (2) in subsection (b)--
                        (A) by inserting ``(1)'' after ``(b)''; and
                        (B) by adding at the end the following:
                ``(2) For purposes of paragraph (1), a pension, retirement,
            group life, health or accident insurance, profit-sharing, stock
            bonus, or other employee welfare or benefit plan that makes
            payment of any portion of compensation contingent on accepting
            a position in the United States Government shall not be
            considered bona fide.''.

    SEC. 8003. REQUIREMENTS RELATING TO SLOWING THE REVOLVING DOOR.

        (a) In General.--The Ethics in Government Act of 1978 (5 U.S.C.
    App.) is amended by adding at the end the following:

            ``TITLE VI--ENHANCED REQUIREMENTS FOR CERTAIN EMPLOYEES

    ``Sec. 601. Definitions
        ``In this title:
                ``(1) Covered agency.--The term `covered agency'--
                        ``(A) means an Executive agency, as defined in
                    section 105 of title 5, United States Code, the Postal
                    Service and the Postal Rate Commission, but does not
                    include the Government Accountability Office or the
                    Government of the District of Columbia; and
                        ``(B) shall include the Executive Office of the
                    President.
                ``(2) Covered employee.--The term `covered employee' means
            an officer or employee referred to in paragraph (2) of section
            207(c) or paragraph (1) of section 207(d) of title 18, United
            States Code.
                ``(3) Director.--The term `Director' means the Director of
            the Office of Government Ethics.
                ``(4) Executive branch.--The term `executive branch' has
            the meaning given that term in section 109.
                ``(5) Former client.--The term `former client'--
                        ``(A) means a person for whom a covered employee
                    served personally as an agent, attorney, or consultant
                    during the 2-year period ending on the date before the
                    date on which the covered employee begins service in
                    the Federal Government; and
                        ``(B) does not include any agency or
                    instrumentality of the Federal Government.
                ``(6) Former employer.--The term `former employer'--
                        ``(A) means a person for whom a covered employee
                    served as an employee, officer, director, trustee,
                    agent, attorney, consultant, or contractor during the
                    2-year period ending on the date before the date on
                    which the covered employee begins service in the
                    Federal Government; and
                        ``(B) does not include--
                                ``(i) an entity in the Federal Government,
                            including an executive branch agency;
                                ``(ii) a State or local government;
                                ``(iii) the District of Columbia;
                                ``(iv) an Indian tribe, as defined in
                            section 4 of the Indian Self-Determination and
                            Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 5304); or
                                ``(v) the government of a territory or
                            possession of the United States.
                ``(7) Particular matter.--The term `particular matter' has
            the meaning given that term in section 207(i) of title 18,
            United States Code.
    ``Sec. 602. Conflict of interest and eligibility standards
        ``(a) In General.--A covered employee may not participate
    personally and substantially in a particular matter in which the
    covered employee knows or reasonably should have known that a former
    employer or former client of the covered employee has a financial
    interest.
        ``(b) Waiver.--
                ``(1) In general.--
                        ``(A) Agency heads.--With respect to the head of a
                    covered agency who is a covered employee, the
                    Designated Agency Ethics Official for the Executive
                    Office of the President, in consultation with the
                    Director, may grant a written waiver of the
                    restrictions under subsection (a) before the head
                    engages in the action otherwise prohibited by such
                    subsection if the Designated Agency Ethics Official for
                    the Executive Office of the President determines and
                    certifies in writing that, in light of all the relevant
                    circumstances, the interest of the Federal Government
                    in the head's participation outweighs the concern that
                    a reasonable person may question the integrity of the
                    agency's programs or operations.
                        ``(B) Other covered employees.--With respect to any
                    covered employee not covered by subparagraph (A), the
                    head of the covered agency employing the covered
                    employee, in consultation with the Director, may grant
                    a written waiver of the restrictions under subsection
                    (a) before the covered employee engages in the action
                    otherwise prohibited by such subsection if the head of
                    the covered agency determines and certifies in writing
                    that, in light of all the relevant circumstances, the
                    interest of the Federal Government in the covered
                    employee's participation outweighs the concern that a
                    reasonable person may question the integrity of the
                    agency's programs or operations.
                ``(2) Publication.--For any waiver granted under paragraph
            (1), the individual who granted the waiver shall--
                        ``(A) provide a copy of the waiver to the Director
                    not more than 48 hours after the waiver is granted; and
                        ``(B) publish the waiver on the website of the
                    applicable agency not more than 30 calendar days after
                    granting such waiver.
                ``(3) Review.--Upon receiving a written waiver under
            paragraph (1)(A), the Director shall--
                        ``(A) review the waiver to determine whether the
                    Director has any objection to the issuance of the
                    waiver; and
                        ``(B) if the Director so objects--
                                ``(i) provide reasons for the objection in
                            writing to the head of the agency who granted
                            the waiver not more than 15 calendar days after
                            the waiver was granted; and
                                ``(ii) publish the written objection on the
                            website of the Office of Government Ethics not
                            more than 30 calendar days after the waiver was
                            granted.
    ``Sec. 603. Penalties and injunctions
        ``(a) Criminal Penalties.--
                ``(1) In general.--Any person who violates section 602
            shall be fined under title 18, United States Code, imprisoned
            for not more than 1 year, or both.
                ``(2) Willful violations.--Any person who willfully
            violates section 602 shall be fined under title 18, United
            States Code, imprisoned for not more than 5 years, or both.
        ``(b) Civil Enforcement.--
                ``(1) In general.--The Attorney General may bring a civil
            action in an appropriate district court of the United States
            against any person who violates, or whom the Attorney General
            has reason to believe is engaging in conduct that violates,
            section 602.
                ``(2) Civil penalty.--
                        ``(A) In general.--If the court finds by a
                    preponderance of the evidence that a person violated
                    section 602, the court shall impose a civil penalty of
                    not more than the greater of--
                                ``(i) $100,000 for each violation; or
                                ``(ii) the amount of compensation the
                            person received or was offered for the conduct
                            constituting the violation.
                        ``(B) Rule of construction.--A civil penalty under
                    this subsection may be in addition to any other
                    criminal or civil statutory, common law, or
                    administrative remedy available to the United States or
                    any other person.
                ``(3) Injunctive relief.--
                        ``(A) In general.--In a civil action brought under
                    paragraph (1) against a person, the Attorney General
                    may petition the court for an order prohibiting the
                    person from engaging in conduct that violates section
                    602.
                        ``(B) Standard.--The court may issue an order under
                    subparagraph (A) if the court finds by a preponderance
                    of the evidence that the conduct of the person violates
                    section 602.
                        ``(C) Rule of construction.--The filing of a
                    petition seeking injunctive relief under this paragraph
                    shall not preclude any other remedy that is available
                    by law to the United States or any other person.''.

    SEC. 8004. PROHIBITION OF PROCUREMENT OFFICERS ACCEPTING EMPLOYMENT
                  FROM GOVERNMENT CONTRACTORS.

        (a) Expansion of Prohibition on Acceptance by Former Officials of
    Compensation From Contractors.--Section 2104 of title 41, United States
    Code, is amended--
                (1) in subsection (a)--
                        (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1)--
                                (i) by striking ``or consultant'' and
                            inserting ``attorney, consultant,
                            subcontractor, or lobbyist''; and
                                (ii) by striking ``one year'' and inserting
                            ``2 years''; and
                        (B) in paragraph (3), by striking ``personally made
                    for the Federal agency'' and inserting ``participated
                    personally and substantially in''; and
                (2) by striking subsection (b) and inserting the following:
        ``(b) Prohibition on Compensation From Affiliates and
    Subcontractors.--A former official responsible for a Government
    contract referred to in paragraph (1), (2), or (3) of subsection (a)
    may not accept compensation for 2 years after awarding the contract
    from any division, affiliate, or subcontractor of the contractor.''.
        (b) Requirement for Procurement Officers To Disclose Job Offers
    Made to Relatives.--Section 2103(a) of title 41, United States Code, is
    amended in the matter preceding paragraph (1) by inserting after ``that
    official'' the following: ``, or for a relative (as defined in section
    3110 of title 5) of that official,''.
        (c) Requirement on Award of Government Contracts to Former
    Employers.--
                (1) In general.--Chapter 21 of division B of subtitle I of
            title 41, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end
            the following new section:
    ``Sec. 2108. Prohibition on involvement by certain former contractor
                  employees in procurements
        ``An employee of the Federal Government may not participate
    personally and substantially in any award of a contract to, or the
    administration of a contract awarded to, a contractor that is a former
    employer of the employee during the 2-year period beginning on the date
    on which the employee leaves the employment of the contractor.''.
                (2) Technical and conforming amendment.--The table of
            sections for chapter 21 of title 41, United States Code, is
            amended by adding at the end the following new item:

            ``2108. Prohibition on involvement by certain former contractor
                                employees in procurements.''.
        (d) Regulations.--The Director of the Office of Government Ethics,
    in consultation with the Administrator of General Services, shall
    promulgate regulations to carry out and ensure the enforcement of
    chapter 21 of title 41, United States Code, as amended by this section.
        (e) Monitoring and Compliance.--The Administrator of General
    Services, in consultation with designated agency ethics officials (as
    that term is defined in section 109(3) of the Ethics in Government Act
    of 1978 (5 U.S.C. App.)), shall monitor compliance with such chapter 21
    by individuals and agencies.

    SEC. 8005. REVOLVING DOOR RESTRICTIONS ON EMPLOYEES MOVING INTO THE
                  PRIVATE SECTOR.

        (a) In General.--Subsection (c) of section 207 of title 18, United
    States Code, is amended--
                (1) in the subsection heading, by striking ``One-year'' and
            inserting ``Two-year'';
                (2) in paragraph (1)--
                        (A) by striking ``1 year'' in each instance and
                    inserting ``2 years''; and
                        (B) by inserting ``, or conducts any lobbying
                    activity to facilitate any communication to or
                    appearance before,'' after ``any communication to or
                    appearance before''; and
                (3) in paragraph (2)(B), by striking ``1-year'' and
            inserting ``2-year''.
        (b) Application.--The amendments made by subsection (a) shall apply
    to any individual covered by subsection (c) of section 207 of title 18,
    United States Code, separating from the civil service on or after the
    date of enactment of this Act.

    SEC. 8006. GUIDANCE ON UNPAID EMPLOYEES.

        (a) In General.--Not later than 120 days after the date of
    enactment of this Act, the Director of the Office of Government Ethics
    shall issue guidance on ethical standards applicable to unpaid
    employees of an agency.
        (b) Definitions.--In this section--
                (1) the term ``agency'' includes the Executive Office of
            the President and the White House; and
                (2) the term ``unpaid employee'' includes any individual
            occupying a position at an agency and who is unpaid by
            operation of section 3110 of title 5, United States Code, or
            any other provision of law, but does not include any employee
            who is unpaid due to a lapse in appropriations.

    SEC. 8007. LIMITATION ON USE OF FEDERAL FUNDS AND CONTRACTING AT
                  BUSINESSES OWNED BY CERTAIN GOVERNMENT OFFICERS AND
                  EMPLOYEES.

        (a) Limitation on Federal Funds.--Beginning in fiscal year 2022 and
    in each fiscal year thereafter, no Federal funds may be obligated or
    expended for purposes of procuring goods or services at any business
    owned or controlled by a covered individual or any family member of
    such an individual, unless such obligation or expenditure of funds is
    authorized under the Presidential Protection Assistance Act of 1976
    (Public Law 94-524).
        (b) Prohibition on Contracts.--No Executive agency may enter into
    or hold a contract with a business owned or controlled by a covered
    individual or any family member of such an individual.
        (c) Determination of Ownership.--For purposes of this section, a
    business shall be deemed to be owned or controlled by a covered
    individual or any family member of such an individual if the covered
    individual or member of family (as the case may be)--
                (1) is a member of the board of directors or similar
            governing body of the business;
                (2) directly or indirectly owns or controls more than 50
            percent of the voting shares of the business; or
                (3) is the beneficiary of a trust which owns or controls
            more than 50 percent of the business and can direct
            distributions under the terms of the trust.
        (d) Definitions.--In this section:
                (1) Covered individual.--The term ``covered individual''
            means--
                        (A) the President;
                        (B) the Vice President;
                        (C) the head of any Executive department (as that
                    term is defined in section 101 of title 5, United
                    States Code); and
                        (D) any individual occupying a position designated
                    by the President as a Cabinet-level position.
                (2) Family member.--The term ``family member'' means an
            individual with any of the following relationships to a covered
            individual:
                        (A) Spouse, and parents thereof.
                        (B) Sons and daughters, and spouses thereof.
                        (C) Parents, and spouses thereof.
                        (D) Brothers and sisters, and spouses thereof.
                        (E) Grandparents and grandchildren, and spouses
                    thereof.
                        (F) Domestic partner and parents thereof, including
                    domestic partners of any individual in subparagraphs
                    (A) through (E).
                (3) Executive agency.--The term ``Executive agency'' has
            the meaning given that term in section 105 of title 5, United
            States Code.

                 Subtitle B--Presidential Conflicts of Interest

    SEC. 8011. SHORT TITLE.

        This subtitle may be cited as the ``Presidential Conflicts of
    Interest Act of 2021''.

    SEC. 8012. DIVESTITURE OF PERSONAL FINANCIAL INTERESTS OF THE PRESIDENT
                  AND VICE PRESIDENT THAT POSE A POTENTIAL CONFLICT OF
                  INTEREST.

        (a) In General.--The Ethics in Government Act of 1978 (5 U.S.C.
    App.) is amended by adding after title VI (as added by section 8003)
    the following:

      ``TITLE VII--DIVESTITURE OF FINANCIAL CONFLICTS OF INTERESTS OF THE
                          PRESIDENT AND VICE PRESIDENT

    ``Sec. 701. Divestiture of financial interests posing a conflict of
                  interest
        ``(a) Applicability to the President and Vice President.--The
    President and Vice President shall, within 30 days of assuming office,
    divest of all financial interests that pose a conflict of interest
    because the President or Vice President, the spouse, dependent child,
    or general partner of the President or Vice President, or any person or
    organization with whom the President or Vice President is negotiating
    or has any arrangement concerning prospective employment, has a
    financial interest, by--
                ``(1) converting each such interest to cash or other
            investment that meets the criteria established by the Director
            of the Office of Government Ethics through regulation as being
            an interest so remote or inconsequential as not to pose a
            conflict; or
                ``(2) placing each such interest in a qualified blind trust
            as defined in section 102(f)(3) or a diversified trust under
            section 102(f)(4)(B).
        ``(b) Disclosure Exemption.--Subsection (a) shall not apply if the
    President or Vice President complies with section 102.''.
        (b) Additional Disclosures.--Section 102(a) of the Ethics in
    Government Act of 1978 (5 U.S.C. App.) is amended by adding at the end
    the following:
                ``(9) With respect to any such report filed by the
            President or Vice President, for any corporation, company,
            firm, partnership, or other business enterprise in which the
            President, Vice President, or the spouse or dependent child of
            the President or Vice President, has a significant financial
            interest--
                        ``(A) the name of each other person who holds a
                    significant financial interest in the firm,
                    partnership, association, corporation, or other entity;
                        ``(B) the value, identity, and category of each
                    liability in excess of $10,000; and
                        ``(C) a description of the nature and value of any
                    assets with a value of $10,000 or more.''.
        (c) Regulations.--Not later than 120 days after the date of
    enactment of this Act, the Director of the Office of Government Ethics
    shall promulgate regulations to define the criteria required by section
    701(a)(1) of the Ethics in Government Act of 1978 (as added by
    subsection (a)) and the term ``significant financial interest'' for
    purposes of section 102(a)(9) of the Ethics in Government Act (as added
    by subsection (b)).

    SEC. 8013. INITIAL FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE.

        Subsection (a) of section 101 of the Ethics in Government Act of
    1978 (5 U.S.C. App.) is amended by striking ``position'' and adding at
    the end the following: ``position, with the exception of the President
    and Vice President, who must file a new report.''.

    SEC. 8014. CONTRACTS BY THE PRESIDENT OR VICE PRESIDENT.

        (a) Amendment.--Section 431 of title 18, United States Code, is
    amended--
                (1) in the section heading, by inserting ``the President,
            Vice President, Cabinet Member, or a'' after ``Contracts by'';
            and
                (2) in the first undesignated paragraph, by inserting ``the
            President, Vice President, or any Cabinet member'' after
            ``Whoever, being''.
        (b) Table of Sections Amendment.--The table of sections for chapter
    23 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by striking the item
    relating to section 431 and inserting the following:

    ``431. Contracts by the President, Vice President, or a Member of
                                Congress.''.

    SEC. 8015. LEGAL DEFENSE FUNDS.

        (a) Definitions.--In this section--
                (1) the term ``Director'' means the Director of the Office
            of Government Ethics;
                (2) the term ``legal defense fund'' means a trust--
                        (A) that has only one beneficiary;
                        (B) that is subject to a trust agreement creating
                    an enforceable fiduciary duty on the part of the
                    trustee to the beneficiary, pursuant to the applicable
                    law of the jurisdiction in which the trust is
                    established;
                        (C) that is subject to a trust agreement that
                    provides for the mandatory public disclosure of all
                    donations and disbursements;
                        (D) that is subject to a trust agreement that
                    prohibits the use of its resources for any purpose
                    other than--
                                (i) the administration of the trust;
                                (ii) the payment or reimbursement of legal
                            fees or expenses incurred in investigative,
                            civil, criminal, or other legal proceedings
                            relating to or arising by virtue of service by
                            the trust's beneficiary as an officer or
                            employee, as defined in this section, or as an
                            employee, contractor, consultant or volunteer
                            of the campaign of the President or Vice
                            President; or
                                (iii) the distribution of unused resources
                            to a charity selected by the trustee that has
                            not been selected or recommended by the
                            beneficiary of the trust;
                        (E) that is subject to a trust agreement that
                    prohibits the use of its resources for any other
                    purpose or personal legal matters, including tax
                    planning, personal injury litigation, protection of
                    property rights, divorces, or estate probate; and
                        (F) that is subject to a trust agreement that
                    prohibits the acceptance of donations, except in
                    accordance with this section and the regulations of the
                    Office of Government Ethics;
                (3) the term ``lobbying activity'' has the meaning given
            that term in section 3 of the Lobbying Disclosure Act of 1995
            (2 U.S.C. 1602);
                (4) the term ``officer or employee'' means--
                        (A) an officer (as that term is defined in section
                    2104 of title 5, United States Code) or employee (as
                    that term is defined in section 2105 of such title) of
                    the executive branch of the Government;
                        (B) the Vice President; and
                        (C) the President; and
                (5) the term ``relative'' has the meaning given that term
            in section 3110 of title 5, United States Code.
        (b) Legal Defense Funds.--An officer or employee may not accept or
    use any gift or donation for the payment or reimbursement of legal fees
    or expenses incurred in investigative, civil, criminal, or other legal
    proceedings relating to or arising by virtue of the officer or
    employee's service as an officer or employee, as defined in this
    section, or as an employee, contractor, consultant or volunteer of the
    campaign of the President or Vice President except through a legal
    defense fund that is certified by the Director of the Office of
    Government Ethics.
        (c) Limits on Gifts and Donations.--Not later than 120 days after
    the date of the enactment of this Act, the Director shall promulgate
    regulations establishing limits with respect to gifts and donations
    described in subsection (b), which shall, at a minimum--
                (1) prohibit the receipt of any gift or donation described
            in subsection (b)--
                        (A) from a single contributor (other than a
                    relative of the officer or employee) in a total amount
                    of more than $5,000 during any calendar year;
                        (B) from a registered lobbyist;
                        (C) from a foreign government or an agent of a
                    foreign principal;
                        (D) from a State government or an agent of a State
                    government;
                        (E) from any person seeking official action from,
                    or seeking to do or doing business with, the agency
                    employing the officer or employee;
                        (F) from any person conducting activities regulated
                    by the agency employing the officer or employee;
                        (G) from any person whose interests may be
                    substantially affected by the performance or
                    nonperformance of the official duties of the officer or
                    employee;
                        (H) from an officer or employee of the executive
                    branch; or
                        (I) from any organization a majority of whose
                    members are described in (A)-(H); and
                (2) require that a legal defense fund, in order to be
            certified by the Director, only permit distributions to the
            applicable officer or employee.
        (d) Written Notice.--
                (1) In general.--An officer or employee who wishes to
            accept funds or have a representative accept funds from a legal
            defense fund shall first ensure that the proposed trustee of
            the legal defense fund submits to the Director the following
            information:
                        (A) The name and contact information for any
                    proposed trustee of the legal defense fund.
                        (B) A copy of any proposed trust document for the
                    legal defense fund.
                        (C) The nature of the legal proceeding (or
                    proceedings), investigation or other matter which give
                    rise to the establishment of the legal defense fund.
                        (D) An acknowledgment signed by the officer or
                    employee and the trustee indicating that they will be
                    bound by the regulations and limitation under this
                    section.
                (2) Approval.--An officer or employee may not accept any
            gift or donation to pay, or to reimburse any person for, fees
            or expenses described in subsection (b) of this section except
            through a legal defense fund that has been certified in writing
            by the Director following that office's receipt and approval of
            the information submitted under paragraph (1) and approval of
            the structure of the fund.
        (e) Reporting.--
                (1) In general.--An officer or employee who establishes a
            legal defense fund may not directly or indirectly accept
            distributions from a legal defense fund unless the fund has
            provided the Director a quarterly report for each quarter of
            every calendar year since the establishment of the legal
            defense fund that discloses, with respect to the quarter
            covered by the report--
                        (A) the source and amount of each contribution to
                    the legal defense fund; and
                        (B) the amount, recipient, and purpose of each
                    expenditure from the legal defense fund, including all
                    distributions from the trust for any purpose.
                (2) Public availability.--The Director shall make publicly
            available online--
                        (A) each report submitted under paragraph (1) in a
                    searchable, sortable, and downloadable form;
                        (B) each trust agreement and any amendment thereto;
                        (C) the written notice and acknowledgment required
                    by subsection (d); and
                        (D) the Director's written certification of the
                    legal defense fund.
        (f) Recusal.--An officer or employee, other than the President and
    the Vice President, who is the beneficiary of a legal defense fund may
    not participate personally and substantially in any particular matter
    in which the officer or employee knows a donor of any source of a gift
    or donation to the legal defense fund established for the officer or
    employee has a financial interest, for a period of 2 years from the
    date of the most recent gift or donation to the legal defense fund.

                  Subtitle C--White House Ethics Transparency

    SEC. 8021. SHORT TITLE.

        This subtitle may be cited as the ``White House Ethics Transparency
    Act of 2021''.

    SEC. 8022. PROCEDURE FOR WAIVERS AND AUTHORIZATIONS RELATING TO ETHICS
                  REQUIREMENTS.

        (a) In General.--Notwithstanding any other provision of law, not
    later than 30 days after an officer or employee issues or approves a
    waiver or authorization pursuant to section 3 of Executive Order No.
    13770 (82 6 Fed. Reg. 9333), or any subsequent similar order, such
    officer or employee shall--
                (1) transmit a written copy of such waiver or authorization
            to the Director of the Office of Government Ethics; and
                (2) make a written copy of such waiver or authorization
            available to the public on the website of the employing agency
            of the covered employee.
        (b) Retroactive Application.--In the case of a waiver or
    authorization described in subsection (a) issued during the period
    beginning on January 20, 2017, and ending on the date of enactment of
    this Act, the issuing officer or employee of such waiver or
    authorization shall comply with the requirements of paragraphs (1) and
    (2) of such subsection not later than 30 days after the date of
    enactment of this Act.
        (c) Office of Government Ethics Public Availability.--Not later
    than 30 days after receiving a written copy of a waiver or
    authorization under subsection (a)(1), the Director of the Office of
    Government Ethics shall make such waiver or authorization available to
    the public on the website of the Office of Government Ethics.
        (d) Report to Congress.--Not later than 45 days after the date of
    enactment of this Act, the Director of the Office of Government Ethics
    shall submit a report to Congress on the impact of the application of
    subsection (b), including the name of any individual who received a
    waiver or authorization described in subsection (a) and who, by
    operation of subsection (b), submitted the information required by such
    subsection.
        (e) Definition of Covered Employee.--In this section, the term
    ``covered employee''--
                (1) means a non-career Presidential or Vice Presidential
            appointee, non-career appointee in the Senior Executive Service
            (or other SES-type system), or an appointee to a position that
            has been excepted from the competitive service by reason of
            being of a confidential or policymaking character (Schedule C
            and other positions excepted under comparable criteria) in an
            executive agency; and
                (2) does not include any individual appointed as a member
            of the Senior Foreign Service or solely as a uniformed service
            commissioned officer.

                Subtitle D--Executive Branch Ethics Enforcement

    SEC. 8031. SHORT TITLE.

        This subtitle may be cited as the ``Executive Branch Comprehensive
    Ethics Enforcement Act of 2021''.

    SEC. 8032. REAUTHORIZATION OF THE OFFICE OF GOVERNMENT ETHICS.

        Section 405 of the Ethics in Government Act of 1978 (5 U.S.C. App.)
    is amended by striking ``fiscal year 2007'' and inserting ``fiscal
    years 2021 through 2025.''.

    SEC. 8033. TENURE OF THE DIRECTOR OF THE OFFICE OF GOVERNMENT ETHICS.

        Section 401(b) of the Ethics in Government Act of 1978 (5 U.S.C.
    App.) is amended by striking the period at the end and inserting ``,
    subject to removal only for inefficiency, neglect of duty, or
    malfeasance in office. The Director may continue to serve beyond the
    expiration of the term until a successor is appointed and has
    qualified, except that the Director may not continue to serve for more
    than one year after the date on which the term would otherwise expire
    under this subsection.''.

    SEC. 8034. DUTIES OF DIRECTOR OF THE OFFICE OF GOVERNMENT ETHICS.

        (a) In General.--Section 402(a) of the Ethics in Government Act of
    1978 (5 U.S.C. App.) is amended by striking ``, in consultation with
    the Office of Personnel Management,''.
        (b) Responsibilities of the Director.--Section 402(b) of the Ethics
    in Government Act of 1978 (5 U.S.C. App.) is amended--
                (1) in paragraph (1)--
                        (A) by striking ``developing, in consultation with
                    the Attorney General and the Office of Personnel
                    Management, rules and regulations to be promulgated by
                    the President or the Director'' and inserting
                    ``developing and promulgating rules and regulations'';
                    and
                        (B) by striking ``title II'' and inserting ``title
                    I'';
                (2) by striking paragraph (2) and inserting the following:
                ``(2) providing mandatory education and training programs
            for designated agency ethics officials, which may be delegated
            to each agency or the White House Counsel as deemed appropriate
            by the Director;'';
                (3) in paragraph (3), by striking ``title II'' and
            inserting ``title I'';
                (4) in paragraph (4), by striking ``problems'' and
            inserting ``issues'';
                (5) in paragraph (6)--
                        (A) by striking ``issued by the President or the
                    Director''; and
                        (B) by striking ``problems'' and inserting
                    ``issues'';
                (6) in paragraph (7)--
                        (A) by striking ``, when requested,''; and
                        (B) by striking ``conflict of interest problems''
                    and inserting ``conflicts of interest, as well as other
                    ethics issues'';
                (7) in paragraph (9)--
                        (A) by striking ``ordering'' and inserting
                    ``receiving allegations of violations of this Act or
                    regulations of the Office of Government Ethics and,
                    when necessary, investigating an allegation to
                    determine whether a violation occurred, and ordering'';
                    and
                        (B) by inserting before the semi-colon the
                    following: ``, and recommending appropriate
                    disciplinary action'';
                (8) in paragraph (12)--
                        (A) by striking ``evaluating, with the assistance
                    of'' and inserting ``promulgating, with input from'';
                        (B) by striking ``the need for''; and
                        (C) by striking ``conflict of interest and ethical
                    problems'' and inserting ``conflict of interest and
                    ethics issues'';
                (9) in paragraph (13)--
                        (A) by striking ``with the Attorney General'' and
                    inserting ``with the Inspectors General and the
                    Attorney General'';
                        (B) by striking ``violations of the conflict of
                    interest laws'' and inserting ``conflict of interest
                    issues and allegations of violations of ethics laws and
                    regulations and this Act''; and
                        (C) by striking ``, as required by section 535 of
                    title 28, United States Code'';
                (10) in paragraph (14), by striking ``and'' at the end;
                (11) in paragraph (15)--
                        (A) by striking ``, in consultation with the Office
                    of Personnel Management,'';
                        (B) by striking ``title II'' and inserting ``title
                    I''; and
                        (C) by striking the period at the end and inserting
                    a semicolon; and
                (12) by adding at the end the following:
                ``(16) directing and providing final approval, when
            determined appropriate by the Director, for designated agency
            ethics officials regarding the resolution of conflicts of
            interest as well as any other ethics issues under the purview
            of this Act in individual cases; and
                ``(17) reviewing and approving, when determined appropriate
            by the Director, any recusals, exemptions, or waivers from the
            conflicts of interest and ethics laws, rules, and regulations
            and making approved recusals, exemptions, and waivers made
            publicly available by the relevant agency available in a
            central location on the official website of the Office of
            Government Ethics.''.
        (c) Written Procedures.--Paragraph (1) of section 402(d) of the
    Ethics in Government Act of 1978 (5 U.S.C. App.) is amended--
                (1) by striking ``, by the exercise of any authority
            otherwise available to the Director under this title,'';
                (2) by striking ``the agency is''; and
                (3) by inserting after ``filed by'' the following: ``, or
            written documentation of recusals, waivers, or ethics
            authorizations relating to,''.
        (d) Corrective Actions.--Section 402(f) of the Ethics in Government
    Act of 1978 (5 U.S.C. App.) is amended--
                (1) in paragraph (1)--
                        (A) in clause (i) of subparagraph (A), by striking
                    ``of such agency''; and
                        (B) in subparagraph (B), by inserting before the
                    period at the end ``and determine that a violation of
                    this Act has occurred and issue appropriate
                    administrative or legal remedies as prescribed in
                    paragraph (2)'';
                (2) in paragraph (2)--
                        (A) in subparagraph (A)--
                                (i) in clause (ii)--
                                        (I) in subclause (I)--
                                                (aa) by inserting ``to the
                                            President or the President's
                                            designee if the matter involves
                                            employees of the Executive
                                            Office of the President or''
                                            after ``may recommend'';
                                                (bb) by striking ``and'' at
                                            the end; and
                                        (II) in subclause (II)--
                                                (aa) by inserting
                                            ``President or'' after
                                            ``determines that the''; and
                                                (bb) by adding ``and'' at
                                            the end;
                                (ii) in subclause (II) of clause (iii)--
                                        (I) by striking ``notify, in
                                    writing,'' and inserting ``advise the
                                    President or order'';
                                        (II) by inserting ``to take
                                    appropriate disciplinary action
                                    including reprimand, suspension,
                                    demotion, or dismissal against the
                                    officer or employee (provided, however,
                                    that any order issued by the Director
                                    shall not affect an employee's right to
                                    appeal a disciplinary action under
                                    applicable law, regulation, collective
                                    bargaining agreement, or contractual
                                    provision).'' after ``employee's
                                    agency''; and
                                        (III) by striking ``of the
                                    officer's or employee's noncompliance,
                                    except that, if the officer or employee
                                    involved is the agency head, the
                                    notification shall instead be submitted
                                    to the President; and''; and
                                (iii) by striking clause (iv);
                        (B) in subparagraph (B)(i)--
                                (i) by striking ``subparagraph (A)(iii) or
                            (iv)'' and inserting ``subparagraph (A)'';
                                (ii) by inserting ``(I)'' before ``In order
                            to''; and
                                (iii) by adding at the end the following:
                                        ``(II)(aa) The Director may secure
                                    directly from any agency information
                                    necessary to enable the Director to
                                    carry out this Act. Upon request of the
                                    Director, the head of such agency shall
                                    furnish that information to the
                                    Director.
                                                ``(bb) The Director may
                                            require by subpoena the
                                            production of all information,
                                            documents, reports, answers,
                                            records, accounts, papers, and
                                            other data in any medium and
                                            documentary evidence necessary
                                            in the performance of the
                                            functions assigned by this Act,
                                            which subpoena, in the case of
                                            refusal to obey, shall be
                                            enforceable by order of any
                                            appropriate United States
                                            district court.'';
                        (C) in subparagraph (B)(ii)(I)--
                                (i) by striking ``Subject to clause (iv) of
                            this subparagraph, before'' and inserting
                            ``Before''; and
                                (ii) by striking ``subparagraphs (A) (iii)
                            or (iv)'' and inserting ``subparagraph
                            (A)(iii)'';
                        (D) in subparagraph (B)(iii), by striking ``Subject
                    to clause (iv) of this subparagraph, before'' and
                    inserting ``Before''; and
                        (E) in subparagraph (B)(iv)--
                                (i) by striking ``title 2'' and inserting
                            ``title I''; and
                                (ii) by striking ``section 206'' and
                            inserting ``section 106''; and
                (3) in paragraph (4), by striking ``(iv),''.
        (e) Definitions.--Section 402 of the Ethics in Government Act of
    1978 (5 U.S.C. App.) is amended by adding at the end the following:
        ``(g) For purposes of this title--
                ``(1) the term `agency' shall include the Executive Office
            of the President; and
                ``(2) the term `officer or employee' shall include any
            individual occupying a position, providing any official
            services, or acting in an advisory capacity, in the White House
            or the Executive Office of the President.
        ``(h) In this title, a reference to the head of an agency shall
    include the President or the President's designee.
        ``(i) The Director shall not be required to obtain the prior
    approval, comment, or review of any officer or agency of the United
    States, including the Office of Management and Budget, before
    submitting to Congress, or any committee or subcommittee thereof, any
    information, reports, recommendations, testimony, or comments, if such
    submissions include a statement indicating that the views expressed
    therein are those of the Director and do not necessarily represent the
    views of the President.''.

    SEC. 8035. AGENCY ETHICS OFFICIALS TRAINING AND DUTIES.

        (a) In General.--Section 403 of the Ethics in Government Act of
    1978 (5 U.S.C. App.) is amended--
                (1) in subsection (a), by adding a period at the end of the
            matter following paragraph (2); and
                (2) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(c)(1) All designated agency ethics officials and alternate
    designated agency ethics officials shall register with the Director as
    well as with the appointing authority of the official.
                ``(2) The Director shall provide ethics education and
            training to all designated and alternate designated agency
            ethics officials in a time and manner deemed appropriate by the
            Director.
                ``(3) Each designated agency ethics official and each
            alternate designated agency ethics official shall biannually
            attend ethics education and training, as provided by the
            Director under paragraph (2).
        ``(d) Each Designated Agency Ethics Official, including the
    Designated Agency Ethics Official for the Executive Office of the
    President--
                ``(1) shall provide to the Director, in writing, in a
            searchable, sortable, and downloadable format, all approvals,
            authorizations, certifications, compliance reviews,
            determinations, directed divestitures, public financial
            disclosure reports, notices of deficiency in compliance,
            records related to the approval or acceptance of gifts,
            recusals, regulatory or statutory advisory opinions, waivers,
            including waivers under section 207 or 208 of title 18, United
            States Code, and any other records designated by the Director,
            unless disclosure is prohibited by law;
                ``(2) shall, for all information described in paragraph (1)
            that is permitted to be disclosed to the public under law, make
            the information available to the public by publishing the
            information on the website of the Office of Government Ethics,
            providing a link to download an electronic copy of the
            information, or providing printed paper copies of such
            information to the public; and
                ``(3) may charge a reasonable fee for the cost of providing
            paper copies of the information pursuant to paragraph (2).
        ``(e)(1) For all information that is provided by an agency to the
    Director under paragraph (1) of subsection (d), the Director shall make
    the information available to the public in a searchable, sortable,
    downloadable format by publishing the information on the website of the
    Office of Government Ethics or providing a link to download an
    electronic copy of the information.
        ``(2) The Director may, upon request, provide printed paper copies
    of the information published under paragraph (1) and charge a
    reasonable fee for the cost of printing such copies.''.
        (b) Repeal.--Section 408 of the Ethics in Government Act of 1978 (5
    U.S.C. App.) is hereby repealed.

    SEC. 8036. PROHIBITION ON USE OF FUNDS FOR CERTAIN FEDERAL EMPLOYEE
                  TRAVEL IN CONTRAVENTION OF CERTAIN REGULATIONS.

        (a) In General.--Beginning on the date of enactment of this Act, no
    Federal funds appropriated or otherwise made available in any fiscal
    year may be used for the travel expenses of any senior Federal official
    in contravention of sections 301-10.260 through 301-10.266 of title 41,
    Code of Federal Regulations, or any successor regulation.
        (b) Quarterly Report on Travel.--
                (1) In general.--Not later than 90 days after the date of
            enactment of this Act and every 90 days thereafter, the head of
            each Federal agency shall submit a report to the Committee on
            Oversight and Reform of the House of Representatives and the
            Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs of the
            Senate detailing travel on Government aircraft by any senior
            Federal official employed at the applicable agency.
                (2) Application.--Any report required under paragraph (1)
            shall not include any classified travel, and nothing in this
            Act shall be construed to supersede, alter, or otherwise affect
            the application of section 101-37.408 of title 41, Code of
            Federal Regulations, or any successor regulation.
        (c) Travel Regulation Report.--Not later than 1 year after
    enactment of this Act, the Director of the Office of Government Ethics
    shall submit a report to Congress detailing suggestions on
    strengthening Federal travel regulations. On the date such report is so
    submitted, the Director shall publish such report on the Office's
    public website.
        (d) Senior Federal Official Defined.--In this section, the term
    ``senior Federal official'' has the meaning given that term in section
    101-37.100 of title 41, Code of Federal Regulations, as in effect on
    the date of enactment of this Act, and includes any senior executive
    branch official (as that term is defined in such section).

    SEC. 8037. REPORTS ON COST OF PRESIDENTIAL TRAVEL.

        (a) Report Required.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the
    enactment of this Act, and every 90 days thereafter, the Secretary of
    Defense, in consultation with the Secretary of the Air Force, shall
    submit to the Chairman and Ranking Member of the Committee on Armed
    Services of the House of Representatives a report detailing the direct
    and indirect costs to the Department of Defense in support of
    Presidential travel. Each such report shall include costs incurred for
    travel to a property owned or operated by the individual serving as
    President or an immediate family member of such individual.
        (b) Immediate Family Member Defined.--In this section, the term
    ``immediate family member'' means the spouse of such individual, the
    adult or minor child of such individual, or the spouse of an adult
    child of such individual.

    SEC. 8038. REPORTS ON COST OF SENIOR FEDERAL OFFICIAL TRAVEL.

        (a) Report Required.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the
    enactment of this Act, and every 90 days thereafter, the Secretary of
    Defense shall submit to the Chairman and Ranking Member of the
    Committee on Armed Services of the House of Representatives a report
    detailing the direct and indirect costs to the Department of Defense in
    support of travel by senior Federal officials on military aircraft.
    Each such report shall include whether spousal travel furnished by the
    Department was reimbursed to the Federal Government.
        (b) Exception.--Required use travel, as outlined in Department of
    Defense Directive 4500.56, shall not be included in reports under
    subsection (a).
        (c) Senior Federal Official Defined.--In this section, the term
    ``senior Federal official'' has the meaning given that term in section
    8036(d).

                Subtitle E--Conflicts From Political Fundraising

    SEC. 8041. SHORT TITLE.

        This subtitle may be cited as the ``Conflicts from Political
    Fundraising Act of 2021''.

    SEC. 8042. DISCLOSURE OF CERTAIN TYPES OF CONTRIBUTIONS.

        (a) Definitions.--Section 109 of the Ethics in Government Act of
    1978 (5 U.S.C. App.) is amended--
                (1) by redesignating paragraphs (2) through (19) as
            paragraphs (5) through (22), respectively; and
                (2) by inserting after paragraph (1) the following:
                ``(2) `covered contribution' means a payment, advance,
            forbearance, rendering, or deposit of money, or any thing of
            value--
                        ``(A)(i) that--
                                ``(I) is--
                                        ``(aa) made by or on behalf of a
                                    covered individual; or
                                        ``(bb) solicited in writing by or
                                    at the request of a covered individual;
                                    and
                                ``(II) is made--
                                        ``(aa) to a political organization,
                                    as defined in section 527 of the
                                    Internal Revenue Code of 1986; or
                                        ``(bb) to an organization--
                                                ``(AA) that is described in
                                            paragraph (4) or (6) of section
                                            501(c) of the Internal Revenue
                                            Code of 1986 and exempt from
                                            tax under section 501(a) of
                                            such Code; and
                                                ``(BB) that promotes or
                                            opposes changes in Federal laws
                                            or regulations that are (or
                                            would be) administered by the
                                            agency in which the covered
                                            individual has been nominated
                                            for appointment to a covered
                                            position or is serving in a
                                            covered position; or
                        ``(ii) that is--
                                ``(I) solicited in writing by or on behalf
                            of a covered individual; and
                                ``(II) made--
                                        ``(aa) by an individual or entity
                                    the activities of which are subject to
                                    Federal laws or regulations that are
                                    (or would be) administered by the
                                    agency in which the covered individual
                                    has been nominated for appointment to a
                                    covered position or is serving in a
                                    covered position; and
                                        ``(bb) to--
                                                ``(AA) a political
                                            organization, as defined in
                                            section 527 of the Internal
                                            Revenue Code of 1986; or
                                                ``(BB) an organization that
                                            is described in paragraph (4)
                                            or (6) of section 501(c) of the
                                            Internal Revenue Code of 1986
                                            and exempt from tax under
                                            section 501(a) of such Code;
                                            and
                        ``(B) that is made to an organization described in
                    item (aa) or (bb) of clause (i)(II) or clause
                    (ii)(II)(bb) of subparagraph (A) for which the total
                    amount of such payments, advances, forbearances,
                    renderings, or deposits of money, or any thing of
                    value, during the calendar year in which it is made is
                    not less than the contribution limitation in effect
                    under section 315(a)(1)(A) of the Federal Election
                    Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30116(a)(1)(A)) for
                    elections occurring during such calendar year;
                ``(3) `covered individual' means an individual who has been
            nominated or appointed to a covered position; and
                ``(4) `covered position'--
                        ``(A) means--
                                ``(i) a position described under sections
                            5312 through 5316 of title 5, United States
                            Code;
                                ``(ii) a position placed in level IV or V
                            of the Executive Schedule under section 5317 of
                            title 5, United States Code;
                                ``(iii) a position as a limited term
                            appointee, limited emergency appointee, or
                            noncareer appointee in the Senior Executive
                            Service, as defined under paragraphs (5), (6),
                            and (7), respectively, of section 3132(a) of
                            title 5, United States Code;
                                ``(iv) a position in the executive branch
                            of the Government of a confidential or policy-
                            determining character under schedule C of
                            subpart C of part 213 of title 5 of the Code of
                            Federal Regulations; and
                                ``(v) a chief of mission (as defined in
                            section 102(a)(3) of the Foreign Service Act of
                            1980); and
                        ``(B) does not include a position if the individual
                    serving in the position has been excluded from the
                    application of section 101(f)(5);''.
        (b) Disclosure Requirements.--The Ethics in Government Act of 1978
    (5 U.S.C. App.) is amended--
                (1) in section 101--
                        (A) in subsection (a)--
                                (i) by inserting ``(1)'' before ``Within'';
                                (ii) by striking ``unless'' and inserting
                            ``and, if the individual is assuming a covered
                            position, the information described in section
                            102(j), except that, subject to paragraph (2),
                            the individual shall not be required to file a
                            report if''; and
                                (iii) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(2) If an individual has left a position described in subsection
    (f) that is not a covered position and, within 30 days, assumes a
    position that is a covered position, the individual shall, within 30
    days of assuming the covered position, file a report containing the
    information described in section 102(j)(2)(A).'';
                        (B) in subsection (b)(1), in the first sentence, by
                    inserting ``and the information required by section
                    102(j)'' after ``described in section 102(b)'';
                        (C) in subsection (d), by inserting ``and, if the
                    individual is serving in a covered position, the
                    information required by section 102(j)(2)(A)'' after
                    ``described in section 102(a)''; and
                        (D) in subsection (e), by inserting ``and, if the
                    individual was serving in a covered position, the
                    information required by section 102(j)(2)(A)'' after
                    ``described in section 102(a)''; and
                (2) in section 102--
                        (A) in subsection (g), by striking ``Political
                    campaign funds'' and inserting ``Except as provided in
                    subsection (j), political campaign funds''; and
                        (B) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(j)(1) In this subsection--
                ``(A) the term `applicable period' means--
                        ``(i) with respect to a report filed pursuant to
                    subsection (a) or (b) of section 101, the year of
                    filing and the 4 calendar years preceding the year of
                    the filing; and
                        ``(ii) with respect to a report filed pursuant to
                    subsection (d) or (e) of section 101, the preceding
                    calendar year; and
                ``(B) the term `covered gift' means a gift that--
                        ``(i) is made to a covered individual, the spouse
                    of a covered individual, or the dependent child of a
                    covered individual;
                        ``(ii) is made by an entity described in item (aa)
                    or (bb) of section 109(2)(A)(i)(II); and
                        ``(iii) would have been required to be reported
                    under subsection (a)(2) if the covered individual had
                    been required to file a report under section 101(d)
                    with respect to the calendar year during which the gift
                    was made.
        ``(2)(A) A report filed pursuant to subsection (a), (b), (d), or
    (e) of section 101 by a covered individual shall include, for each
    covered contribution during the applicable period--
                ``(i) the date on which the covered contribution was made;
                ``(ii) if applicable, the date or dates on which the
            covered contribution was solicited;
                ``(iii) the value of the covered contribution;
                ``(iv) the name of the person making the covered
            contribution; and
                ``(v) the name of the person receiving the covered
            contribution.
        ``(B)(i) Subject to clause (ii), a covered contribution made by or
    on behalf of, or that was solicited in writing by or on behalf of, a
    covered individual shall constitute a conflict of interest, or an
    appearance thereof, with respect to the official duties of the covered
    individual.
        ``(ii) The Director of the Office of Government Ethics may exempt a
    covered contribution from the application of clause (i) if the Director
    determines the circumstances of the solicitation and making of the
    covered contribution do not present a risk of a conflict of interest
    and the exemption of the covered contribution would not affect
    adversely the integrity of the Government or the public's confidence in
    the integrity of the Government.
        ``(3) A report filed pursuant to subsection (a) or (b) of section
    101 by a covered individual shall include the information described in
    subsection (a)(2) with respect to each covered gift received during the
    applicable period.''.
        (c) Provision of Reports and Ethics Agreements to Congress.--
    Section 105 of the Ethics in Government Act of 1978 (5 U.S.C. App.) is
    amended by adding at the end the following:
        ``(e) Not later than 30 days after receiving a written request from
    the Chairman or Ranking Member of a committee or subcommittee of either
    House of Congress, the Director of the Office of Government Ethics
    shall provide to the Chairman and Ranking Member each report filed
    under this title by the covered individual and any ethics agreement
    entered into between the agency and the covered individual.''.
        (d) Rules on Ethics Agreements.--The Director of the Office of
    Government Ethics shall promptly issue rules regarding how an agency in
    the executive branch shall address information required to be disclosed
    under the amendments made by this subtitle in drafting ethics
    agreements between the agency and individuals appointed to positions in
    the agency.
        (e) Technical and Conforming Amendments.--
                (1) The Ethics in Government Act of 1978 (5 U.S.C. App.) is
            amended--
                        (A) in section 101(f)--
                                (i) in paragraph (9), by striking ``section
                            109(12)'' and inserting ``section 109(15)'';
                                (ii) in paragraph (10), by striking
                            ``section 109(13)'' and inserting ``section
                            109(16)'';
                                (iii) in paragraph (11), by striking
                            ``section 109(10)'' and inserting ``section
                            109(13)''; and
                                (iv) in paragraph (12), by striking
                            ``section 109(8)'' and inserting ``section
                            109(11)'';
                        (B) in section 103(l)--
                                (i) in paragraph (9), by striking ``section
                            109(12)'' and inserting ``section 109(15)'';
                            and
                                (ii) in paragraph (10), by striking
                            ``section 109(13)'' and inserting ``section
                            109(16)''; and
                        (C) in section 105(b)(3)(A), by striking ``section
                    109(8) or 109(10)'' and inserting ``section 109(11) or
                    109(13)''.
                (2) Section 3(4)(D) of the Lobbying Disclosure Act of 1995
            (2 U.S.C. 1602(4)(D)) is amended by striking ``section
            109(13)'' and inserting ``section 109(16)''.
                (3) Section 21A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15
            U.S.C. 78u-1) is amended--
                        (A) in subsection (g)(2)(B)(ii), by striking
                    ``section 109(11) of the Ethics in Government Act of
                    1978 (5 U.S.C. App. 109(11)))'' and inserting ``section
                    109 of the Ethics in Government Act of 1978 (5 U.S.C.
                    App.))''; and
                        (B) in subsection (h)(2)--
                                (i) in subparagraph (B), by striking
                            ``section 109(8) of the Ethics in Government
                            Act of 1978 (5 U.S.C. App. 109(8))'' and
                            inserting ``section 109 of the Ethics in
                            Government Act of 1978 (5 U.S.C. App.)''; and
                                (ii) in subparagraph (C), by striking
                            ``section 109(10) of the Ethics in Government
                            Act of 1978 (5 U.S.C. App. 109(10))'' and
                            inserting ``section 109 of the Ethics in
                            Government Act of 1978 (5 U.S.C. App.)''.
                (4) Section 499(j)(2) of the Public Health Service Act (42
            U.S.C. 290b(j)(2)) is amended by striking ``section 109(16) of
            the Ethics in Government Act of 1978'' and inserting ``section
            109 of the Ethics in Government Act of 1978 (5 U.S.C. App.)''.

                       Subtitle F--Transition Team Ethics

    SEC. 8051. SHORT TITLE.

        This subtitle may be cited as the ``Transition Team Ethics
    Improvement Act''.

    SEC. 8052. PRESIDENTIAL TRANSITION ETHICS PROGRAMS.

        The Presidential Transition Act of 1963 (3 U.S.C. 102 note) is
    amended--
                (1) in section 3(f), by adding at the end the following:
        ``(3) Not later than 10 days after submitting an application for a
    security clearance for any individual, and not later than 10 days after
    any such individual is granted a security clearance (including an
    interim clearance), each eligible candidate (as that term is described
    in subsection (h)(4)(A)) or the President-elect (as the case may be)
    shall submit a report containing the name of such individual to the
    Committee on Oversight and Reform of the House of Representatives and
    the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs of the
    Senate.''; and
                (2) in section 6(b)--
                        (A) in paragraph (1)--
                                (i) in subparagraph (A), by striking
                            ``and'' at the end;
                                (ii) in subparagraph (B), by striking the
                            period at the end and inserting a semicolon;
                            and
                                (iii) by adding at the end the following:
                ``(C) a list of all positions each transition team member
            has held outside the Federal Government for the previous 12-
            month period, including paid and unpaid positions;
                ``(D) sources of compensation for each transition team
            member exceeding $5,000 a year for the previous 12-month
            period;
                ``(E) a description of the role of each transition team
            member, including a list of any policy issues that the member
            expects to work on, and a list of agencies the member expects
            to interact with, while serving on the transition team;
                ``(F) a list of any issues from which each transition team
            member will be recused while serving as a member of the
            transition team pursuant to the transition team ethics plan
            outlined in section 4(g)(3); and
                ``(G) an affirmation that no transition team member has a
            financial conflict of interest that precludes the member from
            working on the matters described in subparagraph (E).'';
                        (B) in paragraph (2), by inserting ``not later than
                    2 business days'' after ``public''; and
                        (C) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(3) The head of a Federal department or agency, or their
    designee, shall not permit access to the Federal department or agency,
    or employees of such department or agency, that would not be provided
    to a member of the public for any transition team member who does not
    make the disclosures listed under paragraph (1).''.

        Subtitle G--Ethics Pledge For Senior Executive Branch Employees

    SEC. 8061. SHORT TITLE.

        This subtitle may be cited as the ``Ethics in Public Service Act''.

    SEC. 8062. ETHICS PLEDGE REQUIREMENT FOR SENIOR EXECUTIVE BRANCH
                  EMPLOYEES.

        The Ethics in Government Act of 1978 (5 U.S.C. App. 101 et seq.) is
    amended by inserting after title I the following new title:

                           ``TITLE II--ETHICS PLEDGE

    ``SEC. 201. DEFINITIONS.

        ``For the purposes of this title, the following definitions apply:
                ``(1) The term `executive agency' has the meaning given
            that term in section 105 of title 5, United States Code, and
            includes the Executive Office of the President, the United
            States Postal Service, and Postal Regulatory Commission, but
            does not include the Government Accountability Office.
                ``(2) The term `appointee' means any noncareer Presidential
            or Vice-Presidential appointee, noncareer appointee in the
            Senior Executive Service (or other SES-type system), or
            appointee to a position that has been excepted from the
            competitive service by reason of being of a confidential or
            policymaking character (Schedule C and other positions excepted
            under comparable criteria) in an executive agency, but does not
            include any individual appointed as a member of the Senior
            Foreign Service or solely as a uniformed service commissioned
            officer.
                ``(3) The term `gift'--
                        ``(A) has the meaning given that term in section
                    2635.203(b) of title 5, Code of Federal Regulations (or
                    any successor regulation); and
                        ``(B) does not include those items excluded by
                    sections 2635.204(b), (c), (e)(1), (e)(3), (j), (k),
                    and (l) of such title 5.
                ``(4) The term `covered executive branch official' and
            `lobbyist' have the meanings given those terms in section 3 of
            the Lobbying Disclosure Act of 1995 (2 U.S.C. 1602).
                ``(5) The term `registered lobbyist or lobbying
            organization' means a lobbyist or an organization filing a
            registration pursuant to section 4(a) of the Lobbying
            Disclosure Act of 1995 (2 U.S.C. 1603(a)), and in the case of
            an organization filing such a registration, `registered
            lobbyist' includes each of the lobbyists identified therein.
                ``(6) The term `lobby' and `lobbied' mean to act or have
            acted as a registered lobbyist.
                ``(7) The term `former employer'--
                        ``(A) means a person or entity for whom an
                    appointee served as an employee, officer, director,
                    trustee, partner, agent, attorney, consultant, or
                    contractor during the 2-year period ending on the date
                    before the date on which the covered employee begins
                    service in the Federal Government; and
                        ``(B) does not include--
                                ``(i) an agency or instrumentality of the
                            Federal Government;
                                ``(ii) a State or local government;
                                ``(iii) the District of Columbia;
                                ``(iv) an Indian tribe, as defined in
                            section 4 of the Indian Self-Determination and
                            Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 5304); or
                                ``(v) the government of a territory or
                            possession of the United States.
                ``(8) The term `former client' means a person or entity for
            whom an appointee served personally as agent, attorney, or
            consultant during the 2-year period ending on the date before
            the date on which the covered employee begins service in the
            Federal Government, but does not include an agency or
            instrumentality of the Federal Government.
                ``(9) The term `directly and substantially related to my
            former employer or former clients' means matters in which the
            appointee's former employer or a former client is a party or
            represents a party.
                ``(10) The term `participate' means to participate
            personally and substantially.
                ``(11) The term `post-employment restrictions' includes the
            provisions and exceptions in section 207(c) of title 18, United
            States Code, and the implementing regulations.
                ``(12) The term `Government official' means any employee of
            the executive branch.
                ``(13) The term `Administration' means all terms of office
            of the incumbent President serving at the time of the
            appointment of an appointee covered by this title.
                ``(14) The term `pledge' means the ethics pledge set forth
            in section 202 of this title.
                ``(15) All references to provisions of law and regulations
            shall refer to such provisions as in effect on the date of
            enactment of this title.

    ``SEC. 202. ETHICS PLEDGE.

        ``Each appointee in every executive agency appointed on or after
    the date of enactment of this section shall be required to sign an
    ethics pledge upon appointment. The pledge shall be signed and dated
    within 30 days of taking office and shall include, at a minimum, the
    following elements:
        ```As a condition, and in consideration, of my employment in the
    United States Government in a position invested with the public trust,
    I commit myself to the following obligations, which I understand are
    binding on me and are enforceable under law:
                ```(1) Lobbyist Gift Ban.--I will not accept gifts from
            registered lobbyists or lobbying organizations for the duration
            of my service as an appointee.
                ```(2) Revolving Door Ban; Entering Government.--
                        ```(A) All Appointees Entering Government.--I will
                    not, for a period of 2 years from the date of my
                    appointment, participate in any particular matter
                    involving specific party or parties that is directly
                    and substantially related to my former employer or
                    former clients, including regulations and contracts.
                        ```(B) Lobbyists Entering Government.--If I was a
                    registered lobbyist within the 2 years before the date
                    of my appointment, in addition to abiding by the
                    limitations of subparagraph (A), I will not for a
                    period of 2 years after the date of my appointment--
                                ```(i) participate in any particular matter
                            on which I lobbied within the 2 years before
                            the date of my appointment;
                                ```(ii) participate in the specific issue
                            area in which that particular matter falls; or
                                ```(iii) seek or accept employment with any
                            executive agency that I lobbied within the 2
                            years before the date of my appointment.
                ```(3) Revolving Door Ban; Appointees Leaving Government.--
                        ```(A) All Appointees Leaving Government.--If, upon
                    my departure from the Government, I am covered by the
                    post-employment restrictions on communicating with
                    employees of my former executive agency set forth in
                    section 207(c) of title 18, United States Code, I agree
                    that I will abide by those restrictions for a period of
                    2 years following the end of my appointment.
                        ```(B) Appointees Leaving Government to Lobby.--In
                    addition to abiding by the limitations of subparagraph
                    (A), I also agree, upon leaving Government service, not
                    to lobby any covered executive branch official or
                    noncareer Senior Executive Service appointee for the
                    remainder of the Administration.
                ```(4) Employment Qualification Commitment.--I agree that
            any hiring or other employment decisions I make will be based
            on the candidate's qualifications, competence, and experience.
                ```(5) Assent to Enforcement.--I acknowledge that title II
            of the Ethics in Government Act of 1978, which I have read
            before signing this document, defines certain of the terms
            applicable to the foregoing obligations and sets forth the
            methods for enforcing them. I expressly accept the provisions
            of that title as a part of this agreement and as binding on me.
            I understand that the terms of this pledge are in addition to
            any statutory or other legal restrictions applicable to me by
            virtue of Federal Government service.' .

    ``SEC. 203. WAIVER.

        ``(a) The President or the President's designee may grant to any
    current or former appointee a written waiver of any restrictions
    contained in the pledge signed by such appointee if, and to the extent
    that, the President or the President's designee certifies (in writing)
    that, in light of all the relevant circumstances, the interest of the
    Federal Government in the employee's participation outweighs the
    concern that a reasonable person may question the integrity of the
    agency's programs or operations.
        ``(b) Any waiver under this section shall take effect when the
    certification is signed by the President or the President's designee.
        ``(c) For purposes of subsection (a)(2), the public interest shall
    include exigent circumstances relating to national security or to the
    economy. De minimis contact with an executive agency shall be cause for
    a waiver of the restrictions contained in paragraph (2)(B) of the
    pledge.
        ``(d) For any waiver granted under this section, the individual who
    granted the waiver shall--
                ``(1) provide a copy of the waiver to the Director not more
            than 48 hours after the waiver is granted; and
                ``(2) publish the waiver on the website of the applicable
            agency not later than 30 calendar days after granting such
            waiver.
        ``(e) Upon receiving a written waiver under subsection (d), the
    Director shall--
                ``(1) review the waiver to determine whether the Director
            has any objection to the issuance of the waiver; and
                ``(2) if the Director so objects--
                        ``(A) provide reasons for the objection in writing
                    to the head of the agency who granted the waiver not
                    more than 15 calendar days after the waiver was
                    granted; and
                        ``(B) publish the written objection on the website
                    of the Office of Government Ethics not more than 30
                    calendar days after the waiver was granted.

    ``SEC. 204. ADMINISTRATION.

        ``(a) The head of each executive agency shall, in consultation with
    the Director of the Office of Government Ethics, establish such rules
    or procedures (conforming as nearly as practicable to the agency's
    general ethics rules and procedures, including those relating to
    designated agency ethics officers) as are necessary or appropriate to
    ensure--
                ``(1) that every appointee in the agency signs the pledge
            upon assuming the appointed office or otherwise becoming an
            appointee;
                ``(2) that compliance with paragraph (2)(B) of the pledge
            is addressed in a written ethics agreement with each appointee
            to whom it applies;
                ``(3) that spousal employment issues and other conflicts
            not expressly addressed by the pledge are addressed in ethics
            agreements with appointees or, where no such agreements are
            required, through ethics counseling; and
                ``(4) compliance with this title within the agency.
        ``(b) With respect to the Executive Office of the President, the
    duties set forth in subsection (a) shall be the responsibility of the
    Counsel to the President.
        ``(c) The Director of the Office of Government Ethics shall--
                ``(1) ensure that the pledge and a copy of this title are
            made available for use by agencies in fulfilling their duties
            under subsection (a);
                ``(2) in consultation with the Attorney General or the
            Counsel to the President, when appropriate, assist designated
            agency ethics officers in providing advice to current or former
            appointees regarding the application of the pledge;
                ``(3) adopt such rules or procedures as are necessary or
            appropriate--
                        ``(A) to carry out the responsibilities assigned by
                    this subsection;
                        ``(B) to apply the lobbyist gift ban set forth in
                    paragraph 1 of the pledge to all executive branch
                    employees;
                        ``(C) to authorize limited exceptions to the
                    lobbyist gift ban for circumstances that do not
                    implicate the purposes of the ban;
                        ``(D) to make clear that no person shall have
                    violated the lobbyist gift ban if the person properly
                    disposes of a gift;
                        ``(E) to ensure that existing rules and procedures
                    for Government employees engaged in negotiations for
                    future employment with private businesses that are
                    affected by their official actions do not affect the
                    integrity of the Government's programs and operations;
                    and
                        ``(F) to ensure, in consultation with the Director
                    of the Office of Personnel Management, that the
                    requirement set forth in paragraph (4) of the pledge is
                    honored by every employee of the executive branch;
                ``(4) in consultation with the Director of the Office of
            Management and Budget, report to the President, the Committee
            on Oversight and Reform of the House of Representatives, and
            the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs of
            the Senate on whether full compliance is being achieved with
            existing laws and regulations governing executive branch
            procurement lobbying disclosure and on steps the executive
            branch can take to expand to the fullest extent practicable
            disclosure of such executive branch procurement lobbying and of
            lobbying for presidential pardons, and to include in the report
            both immediate action the executive branch can take and, if
            necessary, recommendations for legislation; and
                ``(5) provide an annual public report on the administration
            of the pledge and this title.
        ``(d) All pledges signed by appointees, and all waiver
    certifications with respect thereto, shall be filed with the head of
    the appointee's agency for permanent retention in the appointee's
    official personnel folder or equivalent folder.''.

     Subtitle H--Travel on Private Aircraft by Senior Political Appointees

    SEC. 8071. SHORT TITLE.

        This subtitle may be cited as the ``Stop Waste And Misuse by
    Presidential Flyers Landing Yet Evading Rules and Standards'' or the
    ``SWAMP FLYERS''.

    SEC. 8072. PROHIBITION ON USE OF FUNDS FOR TRAVEL ON PRIVATE AIRCRAFT.

        (a) In General.--Beginning on the date of enactment of this
    subtitle, no Federal funds appropriated or otherwise made available in
    any fiscal year may be used to pay the travel expenses of any senior
    political appointee for travel on official business on a non-
    commercial, private, or chartered flight.
        (b) Exceptions.--The limitation in subsection (a) shall not apply--
                (1) if no commercial flight was available for the travel in
            question, consistent with subsection (c); or
                (2) to any travel on aircraft owned or leased by the
            Government.
        (c) Certification.--
                (1) In general.--Any senior political appointee who travels
            on a non-commercial, private, or chartered flight under the
            exception provided in subsection (b)(1) shall, not later than
            30 days after the date of such travel, submit a written
            statement to Congress certifying that no commercial flight was
            available.
                (2) Penalty.--Any statement submitted under paragraph (1)
            shall be considered a statement for purposes of applying
            section 1001 of title 18, United States Code.
        (d) Definition of Senior Political Appointee.--In this subtitle,
    the term ``senior political appointee'' means any individual
    occupying--
                (1) a position listed under the Executive Schedule
            (subchapter II of chapter 53 of title 5, United States Code);
                (2) a Senior Executive Service position that is not a
            career appointee as defined under section 3132(a)(4) of such
            title; or
                (3) a position of a confidential or policy-determining
            character under schedule C of subpart C of part 213 of title 5,
            Code of Federal Regulations.

                            Subtitle I--Severability

    SEC. 8081. SEVERABILITY.

        If any provision of this title or any amendment made by this title,
    or any application of such provision or amendment to any person or
    circumstance, is held to be unconstitutional, the remainder of the
    provisions of this title and the amendments made by this title, and the
    application of the provision or amendment to any other person or
    circumstance, shall not be affected.

                     TITLE IX--CONGRESSIONAL ETHICS REFORM

      Subtitle A--Requiring Members of Congress To Reimburse Treasury for
          Amounts Paid as Settlements and Awards Under Congressional
                           Accountability Act of 1995

    Sec. 9001. Requiring Members of Congress to reimburse Treasury for
                                amounts paid as settlements and awards
                                under Congressional Accountability Act of
                                1995 in all cases of employment
                                discrimination acts by Members.
                       Subtitle B--Conflicts of Interests

    Sec. 9101. Prohibiting Members of House of Representatives from serving
                                on boards of for-profit entities.
    Sec. 9102. Conflict of interest rules for Members of Congress and
                                congressional staff.
    Sec. 9103. Exercise of rulemaking powers.
              Subtitle C--Campaign Finance and Lobbying Disclosure

    Sec. 9201. Short title.
    Sec. 9202. Requiring disclosure in certain reports filed with Federal
                                Election Commission of persons who are
                                registered lobbyists.
    Sec. 9203. Effective date.
             Subtitle D--Access to Congressionally Mandated Reports

    Sec. 9301. Short title.
    Sec. 9302. Definitions.
    Sec. 9303. Establishment of online portal for congressionally mandated
                                reports.
    Sec. 9304. Federal agency responsibilities.
    Sec. 9305. Removing and altering reports.
    Sec. 9306. Relationship to the Freedom of Information Act.
    Sec. 9307. Implementation.
      Subtitle E--Reports on Outside Compensation Earned by Congressional
                                   Employees

    Sec. 9401. Reports on outside compensation earned by congressional
                                employees.
                            Subtitle F--Severability

    Sec. 9501. Severability.

      Subtitle A--Requiring Members of Congress To Reimburse Treasury for
          Amounts Paid as Settlements and Awards Under Congressional
                           Accountability Act of 1995

    SEC. 9001. REQUIRING MEMBERS OF CONGRESS TO REIMBURSE TREASURY FOR
                  AMOUNTS PAID AS SETTLEMENTS AND AWARDS UNDER
                  CONGRESSIONAL ACCOUNTABILITY ACT OF 1995 IN ALL CASES OF
                  EMPLOYMENT DISCRIMINATION ACTS BY MEMBERS.

        (a) Requiring Reimbursement.--Clause (i) of section 415(d)(1)(C) of
    the Congressional Accountability Act of 1995 (2 U.S.C. 1415(d)(1)(C))
    is amended to read as follows:
                                ``(i) a violation of section 201(a) or
                            section 206(a); or''.
        (b) Conforming Amendment Relating to Notification of Possibility of
    Reimbursement.--Clause (i) of section 402(b)(2)(B) of the Congressional
    Accountability Act of 1995 (2 U.S.C. 1402(b)(2)(B)) is amended to read
    as follows:
                                ``(i) a violation of section 201(a) or
                            section 206(a); or''.
        (c) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall take
    effect as if included in the enactment of the Congressional
    Accountability Act of 1995 Reform Act.

                       Subtitle B--Conflicts of Interests

    SEC. 9101. PROHIBITING MEMBERS OF HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES FROM SERVING
                  ON BOARDS OF FOR-PROFIT ENTITIES.

        Rule XXIII of the Rules of the House of Representatives is
    amended--
                (1) by redesignating clause 22 as clause 23; and
                (2) by inserting after clause 21 the following new clause:
        ``22. A Member, Delegate, or Resident Commissioner may not serve on
    the board of directors of any for-profit entity.''.

    SEC. 9102. CONFLICT OF INTEREST RULES FOR MEMBERS OF CONGRESS AND
                  CONGRESSIONAL STAFF.

        No Member, officer, or employee of a committee or Member of either
    House of Congress may knowingly use his or her official position to
    introduce or aid the progress or passage of legislation, a principal
    purpose of which is to further only his or her pecuniary interest, only
    the pecuniary interest of his or her immediate family, or only the
    pecuniary interest of a limited class of persons or enterprises, when
    he or she, or his or her immediate family, or enterprises controlled by
    them, are members of the affected class.

    SEC. 9103. EXERCISE OF RULEMAKING POWERS.

        The provisions of this subtitle are enacted by the Congress--
                (1) as an exercise of the rulemaking power of the House of
            Representatives and the Senate, respectively, and as such they
            shall be considered as part of the rules of each House,
            respectively, or of that House to which they specifically
            apply, and such rules shall supersede other rules only to the
            extent that they are inconsistent therewith; and
                (2) with full recognition of the constitutional right of
            either House to change such rules (so far as relating to such
            House) at any time, in the same manner, and to the same extent
            as in the case of any other rule of such House.

              Subtitle C--Campaign Finance and Lobbying Disclosure

    SEC. 9201. SHORT TITLE.

        This subtitle may be cited as the ``Connecting Lobbyists and
    Electeds for Accountability and Reform Act'' or the ``CLEAR Act''.

    SEC. 9202. REQUIRING DISCLOSURE IN CERTAIN REPORTS FILED WITH FEDERAL
                  ELECTION COMMISSION OF PERSONS WHO ARE REGISTERED
                  LOBBYISTS.

        (a) Reports Filed by Political Committees.--Section 304(b) of the
    Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30104(b)) is amended--
                (1) by striking ``and'' at the end of paragraph (7);
                (2) by striking the period at the end of paragraph (8) and
            inserting ``; and''; and
                (3) by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
                ``(9) if any person identified in subparagraph (A), (E),
            (F), or (G) of paragraph (3) is a registered lobbyist under the
            Lobbying Disclosure Act of 1995, a separate statement that such
            person is a registered lobbyist under such Act.''.
        (b) Reports Filed by Persons Making Independent Expenditures.--
    Section 304(c)(2) of such Act (52 U.S.C. 30104(c)(2)) is amended--
                (1) by striking ``and'' at the end of subparagraph (B);
                (2) by striking the period at the end of subparagraph (C)
            and inserting ``; and''; and
                (3) by adding at the end the following new subparagraph:
                ``(D) if the person filing the statement, or a person whose
            identification is required to be disclosed under subparagraph
            (C), is a registered lobbyist under the Lobbying Disclosure Act
            of 1995, a separate statement that such person is a registered
            lobbyist under such Act.''.
        (c) Reports Filed by Persons Making Disbursements for
    Electioneering Communications.--Section 304(f)(2) of such Act (52
    U.S.C. 30104(f)(2)) is amended by adding at the end the following new
    subparagraph:
                        ``(G) If the person making the disbursement, or a
                    contributor described in subparagraph (E) or (F), is a
                    registered lobbyist under the Lobbying Disclosure Act
                    of 1995, a separate statement that such person or
                    contributor is a registered lobbyist under such Act.''.
        (d) Requiring Commission To Establish Link to Websites of Clerk of
    House and Secretary of Senate.--Section 304 of such Act (52 U.S.C.
    30104), as amended by section 4002 and section 4208(a), is amended by
    adding at the end the following new subsection:
        ``(l) Requiring Information on Registered Lobbyists To Be Linked to
    Websites of Clerk of House and Secretary of Senate.--
                ``(1) Links to websites.--The Commission shall ensure that
            the Commission's public database containing information
            described in paragraph (2) is linked electronically to the
            websites maintained by the Secretary of the Senate and the
            Clerk of the House of Representatives containing information
            filed pursuant to the Lobbying Disclosure Act of 1995.
                ``(2) Information described.--The information described in
            this paragraph is each of the following:
                        ``(A) Information disclosed under paragraph (9) of
                    subsection (b).
                        ``(B) Information disclosed under subparagraph (D)
                    of subsection (c)(2).
                        ``(C) Information disclosed under subparagraph (G)
                    of subsection (f)(2).''.

    SEC. 9203. EFFECTIVE DATE.

        The amendments made by this subtitle shall apply with respect to
    reports required to be filed under the Federal Election Campaign Act of
    1971 on or after the expiration of the 90-day period which begins on
    the date of the enactment of this Act.

             Subtitle D--Access to Congressionally Mandated Reports

    SEC. 9301. SHORT TITLE.

        This subtitle may be cited as the ``Access to Congressionally
    Mandated Reports Act''.

    SEC. 9302. DEFINITIONS.

        In this subtitle:
                (1) Congressionally mandated report.--The term
            ``congressionally mandated report''--
                        (A) means a report that is required to be submitted
                    to either House of Congress or any committee of
                    Congress, or subcommittee thereof, by a statute,
                    resolution, or conference report that accompanies
                    legislation enacted into law; and
                        (B) does not include a report required under part B
                    of subtitle II of title 36, United States Code.
                (2) Director.--The term ``Director'' means the Director of
            the Government Publishing Office.
                (3) Federal agency.--The term ``Federal agency'' has the
            meaning given that term under section 102 of title 40, United
            States Code, but does not include the Government Accountability
            Office.
                (4) Open format.--The term ``open format'' means a file
            format for storing digital data based on an underlying open
            standard that--
                        (A) is not encumbered by any restrictions that
                    would impede reuse; and
                        (B) is based on an underlying open data standard
                    that is maintained by a standards organization.
                (5) Reports online portal.--The term ``reports online
            portal'' means the online portal established under section
            9303(a).

    SEC. 9303. ESTABLISHMENT OF ONLINE PORTAL FOR CONGRESSIONALLY MANDATED
                  REPORTS.

        (a) Requirement To Establish Online Portal.--
                (1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of
            enactment of this Act, the Director shall establish and
            maintain an online portal accessible by the public that allows
            the public to obtain electronic copies of all congressionally
            mandated reports in one place. The Director may publish other
            reports on the online portal.
                (2) Existing functionality.--To the extent possible, the
            Director shall meet the requirements under paragraph (1) by
            using existing online portals and functionality under the
            authority of the Director.
                (3) Consultation.--In carrying out this subtitle, the
            Director shall consult with the Clerk of the House of
            Representatives, the Secretary of the Senate, and the Librarian
            of Congress regarding the requirements for and maintenance of
            congressionally mandated reports on the reports online portal.
        (b) Content and Function.--The Director shall ensure that the
    reports online portal includes the following:
                (1) Subject to subsection (c), with respect to each
            congressionally mandated report, each of the following:
                        (A) A citation to the statute, conference report,
                    or resolution requiring the report.
                        (B) An electronic copy of the report, including any
                    transmittal letter associated with the report, in an
                    open format that is platform independent and that is
                    available to the public without restrictions, including
                    restrictions that would impede the re-use of the
                    information in the report.
                        (C) The ability to retrieve a report, to the extent
                    practicable, through searches based on each, and any
                    combination, of the following:
                                (i) The title of the report.
                                (ii) The reporting Federal agency.
                                (iii) The date of publication.
                                (iv) Each congressional committee receiving
                            the report, if applicable.
                                (v) The statute, resolution, or conference
                            report requiring the report.
                                (vi) Subject tags.
                                (vii) A unique alphanumeric identifier for
                            the report that is consistent across report
                            editions.
                                (viii) The serial number, Superintendent of
                            Documents number, or other identification
                            number for the report, if applicable.
                                (ix) Key words.
                                (x) Full text search.
                                (xi) Any other relevant information
                            specified by the Director.
                        (D) The date on which the report was required to be
                    submitted, and on which the report was submitted, to
                    the reports online portal.
                        (E) Access to the report not later than 30 calendar
                    days after its submission to Congress.
                        (F) To the extent practicable, a permanent means of
                    accessing the report electronically.
                (2) A means for bulk download of all congressionally
            mandated reports.
                (3) A means for downloading individual reports as the
            result of a search.
                (4) An electronic means for the head of each Federal agency
            to submit to the reports online portal each congressionally
            mandated report of the agency, as required by section 9304.
                (5) In tabular form, a list of all congressionally mandated
            reports that can be searched, sorted, and downloaded by--
                        (A) reports submitted within the required time;
                        (B) reports submitted after the date on which such
                    reports were required to be submitted; and
                        (C) reports not submitted.
        (c) Noncompliance by Federal Agencies.--
                (1) Reports not submitted.--If a Federal agency does not
            submit a congressionally mandated report to the Director, the
            Director shall to the extent practicable--
                        (A) include on the reports online portal--
                                (i) the information required under clauses
                            (i), (ii), (iv), and (v) of subsection
                            (b)(1)(C); and
                                (ii) the date on which the report was
                            required to be submitted; and
                        (B) include the congressionally mandated report on
                    the list described in subsection (b)(5)(C).
                (2) Reports not in open format.--If a Federal agency
            submits a congressionally mandated report that is not in an
            open format, the Director shall include the congressionally
            mandated report in another format on the reports online portal.
        (d) Free Access.--The Director may not charge a fee, require
    registration, or impose any other limitation in exchange for access to
    the reports online portal.
        (e) Upgrade Capability.--The reports online portal shall be
    enhanced and updated as necessary to carry out the purposes of this
    subtitle.

    SEC. 9304. FEDERAL AGENCY RESPONSIBILITIES.

        (a) Submission of Electronic Copies of Reports.--Concurrently with
    the submission to Congress of each congressionally mandated report, the
    head of the Federal agency submitting the congressionally mandated
    report shall submit to the Director the information required under
    subparagraphs (A) through (D) of section 9303(b)(1) with respect to the
    congressionally mandated report. Nothing in this subtitle shall relieve
    a Federal agency of any other requirement to publish the
    congressionally mandated report on the online portal of the Federal
    agency or otherwise submit the congressionally mandated report to
    Congress or specific committees of Congress, or subcommittees thereof.
        (b) Guidance.--Not later than 240 days after the date of enactment
    of this Act, the Director of the Office of Management and Budget, in
    consultation with the Director, shall issue guidance to agencies on the
    implementation of this subtitle.
        (c) Structure of Submitted Report Data.--The head of each Federal
    agency shall ensure that each congressionally mandated report submitted
    to the Director complies with the open format criteria established by
    the Director in the guidance issued under subsection (b).
        (d) Point of Contact.--The head of each Federal agency shall
    designate a point of contact for congressionally mandated report.
        (e) List of Reports.--As soon as practicable each calendar year
    (but not later than April 1), and on a rolling basis during the year if
    feasible, the Librarian of Congress shall submit to the Director a list
    of congressionally mandated reports from the previous calendar year, in
    consultation with the Clerk of the House of Representatives, which
    shall--
                (1) be provided in an open format;
                (2) include the information required under clauses (i),
            (ii), (iv), and (v) of section 9303(b)(1)(C) for each report;
                (3) include the frequency of the report;
                (4) include a unique alphanumeric identifier for the report
            that is consistent across report editions;
                (5) include the date on which each report is required to be
            submitted; and
                (6) be updated and provided to the Director, as necessary.

    SEC. 9305. REMOVING AND ALTERING REPORTS.

        A report submitted to be published to the reports online portal may
    only be changed or removed, with the exception of technical changes, by
    the head of the Federal agency concerned if--
                (1) the head of the Federal agency consults with each
            congressional committee to which the report is submitted; and
                (2) Congress enacts a joint resolution authorizing the
            changing or removal of the report.

    SEC. 9306. RELATIONSHIP TO THE FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT.

        (a) In General.--Nothing in this subtitle shall be construed to--
                (1) require the disclosure of information or records that
            are exempt from public disclosure under section 552 of title 5,
            United States Code; or
                (2) to impose any affirmative duty on the Director to
            review congressionally mandated reports submitted for
            publication to the reports online portal for the purpose of
            identifying and redacting such information or records.
        (b) Redaction of Information.--The head of a Federal agency may
    redact information required to be disclosed under this subtitle if the
    information would be properly withheld from disclosure under section
    552 of title 5, United States Code, and shall--
                (1) redact information required to be disclosed under this
            subtitle if disclosure of such information is prohibited by
            law;
                (2) redact information being withheld under this subsection
            prior to submitting the information to the Director;
                (3) redact only such information properly withheld under
            this subsection from the submission of information or from any
            congressionally mandated report submitted under this subtitle;
                (4) identify where any such redaction is made in the
            submission or report; and
                (5) identify the exemption under which each such redaction
            is made.

    SEC. 9307. IMPLEMENTATION.

        Except as provided in section 9304(b), this subtitle shall be
    implemented not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this
    Act and shall apply with respect to congressionally mandated reports
    submitted to Congress on or after the date that is 1 year after such
    date of enactment.

      Subtitle E--Reports on Outside Compensation Earned by Congressional
                                   Employees

    SEC. 9401. REPORTS ON OUTSIDE COMPENSATION EARNED BY CONGRESSIONAL
                  EMPLOYEES.

        (a) Reports.--The supervisor of an individual who performs services
    for any Member, committee, or other office of the Senate or House of
    Representatives for a period in excess of four weeks and who receives
    compensation therefor from any source other than the Federal Government
    shall submit a report identifying the identity of the source, amount,
    and rate of such compensation to--
                (1) the Select Committee on Ethics of the Senate, in the
            case of an individual who performs services for a Member,
            committee, or other office of the Senate; or
                (2) the Committee on Ethics of the House of
            Representatives, in the case of an individual who performs
            services for a Member (including a Delegate or Resident
            Commissioner to the Congress), committee, or other office of
            the House.
        (b) Timing.--The supervisor shall submit the report required under
    subsection (a) with respect to an individual--
                (1) when such individual first begins performing services
            described in such subparagraph;
                (2) at the close of each calendar quarter during which such
            individual is performing such services; and
                (3) when such individual ceases to perform such services.

                            Subtitle F--Severability

    SEC. 9501. SEVERABILITY.

        If any provision of this title or amendment made by this title, or
    the application of a provision or amendment to any person or
    circumstance, is held to be unconstitutional, the remainder of this
    title and amendments made by this title, and the application of the
    provisions and amendment to any person or circumstance, shall not be
    affected by the holding.

          TITLE X--PRESIDENTIAL AND VICE PRESIDENTIAL TAX TRANSPARENCY

    Sec. 10001. Presidential and Vice Presidential tax transparency.

    SEC. 10001. PRESIDENTIAL AND VICE PRESIDENTIAL TAX TRANSPARENCY.

        (a) Definitions.--In this section--
                (1) The term ``covered candidate'' means a candidate of a
            major party in a general election for the office of President
            or Vice President.
                (2) The term ``major party'' has the meaning given the term
            in section 9002 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986.
                (3) The term ``income tax return'' means, with respect to
            an individual, any return (as such term is defined in section
            6103(b)(1) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, except that
            such term shall not include declarations of estimated tax) of--
                        (A) such individual, other than information returns
                    issued to persons other than such individual; or
                        (B) of any corporation, partnership, or trust in
                    which such individual holds, directly or indirectly, a
                    significant interest as the sole or principal owner or
                    the sole or principal beneficial owner (as such terms
                    are defined in regulations prescribed by the Secretary
                    of the Treasury or his delegate).
                (4) The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary of the
            Treasury or the delegate of the Secretary.
        (b) Disclosure.--
                (1) In general.--
                        (A) Candidates for president and vice president.--
                    Not later than the date that is 15 days after the date
                    on which an individual becomes a covered candidate, the
                    individual shall submit to the Federal Election
                    Commission a copy of the individual's income tax
                    returns for the 10 most recent taxable years for which
                    a return has been filed with the Internal Revenue
                    Service.
                        (B) President and vice president.--With respect to
                    an individual who is the President or Vice President,
                    not later than the due date for the return of tax for
                    each taxable year, such individual shall submit to the
                    Federal Election Commission a copy of the individual's
                    income tax returns for the taxable year and for the 9
                    preceding taxable years.
                        (C) Transition rule for sitting presidents and vice
                    presidents.--Not later than the date that is 30 days
                    after the date of enactment of this section, an
                    individual who is the President or Vice President on
                    such date of enactment shall submit to the Federal
                    Election Commission a copy of the income tax returns
                    for the 10 most recent taxable years for which a return
                    has been filed with the Internal Revenue Service.
                (2) Failure to disclose.--If any requirement under
            paragraph (1) to submit an income tax return is not met, the
            chairman of the Federal Election Commission shall submit to the
            Secretary a written request that the Secretary provide the
            Federal Election Commission with the income tax return.
                (3) Publicly available.--The chairman of the Federal
            Election Commission shall make publicly available each income
            tax return submitted under paragraph (1) in the same manner as
            a return provided under section 6103(l)(23) of the Internal
            Revenue Code of 1986 (as added by this section).
                (4) Treatment as a report under the federal election
            campaign act of 1971.--For purposes of the Federal Election
            Campaign Act of 1971, any income tax return submitted under
            paragraph (1) or provided under section 6103(l)(23) of the
            Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (as added by this section) shall,
            after redaction under paragraph (3) or subparagraph (B)(ii) of
            such section, be treated as a report filed under the Federal
            Election Campaign Act of 1971.
        (c) Disclosure of Returns of Presidents and Vice Presidents and
    Certain Candidates for President and Vice President.--
                (1) In general.--Section 6103(l) of the Internal Revenue
            Code of 1986 is amended by adding at the end the following new
            paragraph:
                ``(23) Disclosure of return information of presidents and
            vice presidents and certain candidates for president and vice
            president.--
                        ``(A) In general.--Upon written request by the
                    chairman of the Federal Election Commission under
                    section 10001(b)(2) of the For the People Act of 2021,
                    not later than the date that is 15 days after the date
                    of such request, the Secretary shall provide copies of
                    any return which is so requested to officers and
                    employees of the Federal Election Commission whose
                    official duties include disclosure or redaction of such
                    return under this paragraph.
                        ``(B) Disclosure to the public.--
                                ``(i) In general.--The chairman of the
                            Federal Election Commission shall make publicly
                            available any return which is provided under
                            subparagraph (A).
                                ``(ii) Redaction of certain information.--
                            Before making publicly available under clause
                            (i) any return, the chairman of the Federal
                            Election Commission shall redact such
                            information as the Federal Election Commission
                            and the Secretary jointly determine is
                            necessary for protecting against identity
                            theft, such as social security numbers.''.
                (2) Conforming amendments.--Section 6103(p)(4) of such Code
            is amended--
                        (A) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A) by
                    striking ``or (22)'' and inserting ``(22), or (23)'';
                    and
                        (B) in subparagraph (F)(ii) by striking ``or (22)''
                    and inserting ``(22), or (23)''.
                (3) Effective date.--The amendments made by this subsection
            shall apply to disclosures made on or after the date of
            enactment of this Act.

                Passed the House of Representatives March 3, 2021.

                Attest:

                                                 CHERYL L. JOHNSON,

                                                                     Clerk.