[Congressional Bills 116th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 3176 Reported in Senate (RS)]

<DOC>





                                                       Calendar No. 463
116th CONGRESS
  2d Session
                                S. 3176

   To amend the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 and the United States-
   Israel Strategic Partnership Act of 2014 to make improvements to 
certain defense and security assistance provisions and to authorize the 
       appropriations of funds to Israel, and for other purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                            January 9, 2020

 Mr. Rubio (for himself, Mr. Coons, Ms. Collins, Mr. Kaine, Mr. Blunt, 
Mr. Jones, Mrs. Capito, Ms. Duckworth, Mr. Tillis, Mr. Blumenthal, Mr. 
   Boozman, Mr. Markey, Mr. Grassley, Ms. Klobuchar, Mr. Cramer, Mr. 
   Young, Mr. Hawley, Mrs. Shaheen, Ms. Hassan, Mrs. Hyde-Smith, Mr. 
    Cardin, Mr. Casey, Mr. Wicker, Mr. Booker, Mrs. Loeffler, Mrs. 
 Gillibrand, Mr. Perdue, Mr. Warner, Mr. Braun, Mr. Tester, Ms. Smith, 
Mr. Cornyn, Ms. Hirono, Mr. Lankford, Mr. Scott of South Carolina, Mr. 
 Moran, Mr. Wyden, Mr. Thune, and Ms. Rosen) introduced the following 
  bill; which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Foreign 
                               Relations

                              June 3, 2020

                Reported by Mr. Risch, with an amendment
 [Strike out all after the enacting clause and insert the part printed 
                               in italic]

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
   To amend the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 and the United States-
   Israel Strategic Partnership Act of 2014 to make improvements to 
certain defense and security assistance provisions and to authorize the 
       appropriations of funds to Israel, and for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

<DELETED>SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``United 
States-Israel Security Assistance Authorization Act of 
2020''.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents for this Act 
is as follows:</DELETED>

<DELETED>Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
<DELETED>Sec. 2. Definition.
            <DELETED>TITLE I--SECURITY ASSISTANCE FOR ISRAEL

<DELETED>Sec. 101. Findings.
<DELETED>Sec. 102. Statement of policy.
<DELETED>Sec. 103. Security assistance for Israel.
<DELETED>Sec. 104. Extension of war reserves stockpile authority.
<DELETED>Sec. 105. Extension of loan guarantees to Israel.
<DELETED>Sec. 106. Transfer of precision guided munitions to Israel.
<DELETED>Sec. 107. Sense of Congress on rapid acquisition and 
                            deployment procedures.
<DELETED>Sec. 108. Eligibility of Israel for the strategic trade 
                            authorization exception to certain export 
                            control licensing requirements.
      <DELETED>TITLE II--ENHANCED UNITED STATES-ISRAEL COOPERATION

<DELETED>Sec. 201. United States Agency for International Development 
                            memoranda of understanding to enhance 
                            cooperation with Israel.
<DELETED>Sec. 202. Cooperative projects among the United States, 
                            Israel, and developing countries.
<DELETED>Sec. 203. Joint cooperative program related to innovation and 
                            high-tech for the Middle East region.
<DELETED>Sec. 204. Sense of Congress on United States-Israel economic 
                            cooperation.
<DELETED>Sec. 205. Cooperation on directed energy capabilities.
<DELETED>Sec. 206. Contingency plans to provide Israel with necessary 
                            defense articles and services.

<DELETED>SEC. 2. DEFINITION.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    In this Act, the term ``appropriate congressional 
committees'' means--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the 
        Senate;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) the Committee on Armed Services of the 
        Senate;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House 
        of Representatives; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (4) the Committee on Armed Services of the House 
        of Representatives.</DELETED>

       <DELETED>TITLE I--SECURITY ASSISTANCE FOR ISRAEL</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 101. FINDINGS.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    Congress makes the following findings:</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) On September 14, 2016, the United States and 
        Israel signed a 10-year Memorandum of Understanding to reaffirm 
        the importance of continuing annual United States military 
        assistance to Israel and cooperative missile defense programs 
        in a way that enhances Israel's security and strengthens the 
        bilateral relationship between the 2 countries.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) The 2016 Memorandum of Understanding reflects 
        United States support of Foreign Military Financing grant 
        assistance to Israel over a 10-year period beginning in fiscal 
        year 2019 and ending in fiscal year 2028.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) The 2016 Memorandum of Understanding also 
        reflects United States support for funding for cooperative 
        programs to develop, produce, and procure missile, rocket, and 
        projectile defense capabilities during such 10-year period at 
        an average funding level of $500,000,000 per year, totaling 
        $5,000,000,000 for such period.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 102. STATEMENT OF POLICY.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    It is the policy of the United States to provide 
assistance to the Government of Israel to help Israel to defend itself 
by developing long-term capacity, primarily through the acquisition of 
advanced capabilities from the United States.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 103. SECURITY ASSISTANCE FOR ISRAEL.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    Section 513(c) of the Security Assistance Act of 2000 
(Public Law 106-280; 114 Stat. 856) is amended--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) in paragraph (1), by striking ``2002 and 
        2003'' and inserting ``2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, 2024, 2025, 
        2026, 2027, and 2028'';</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) in paragraph (2), by striking ``equal to--'' 
        and all that follows and inserting ``not less than 
        $3,300,000,000.''; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) by amending paragraph (3) to read as 
        follows:</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(3) Disbursement of funds.--Amounts authorized 
        to be available for Israel under paragraph (1) and subsection 
        (b)(1) for fiscal years 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, 2024, 2025, 
        2026, 2027, and 2028 shall be disbursed not later than 30 days 
        after the date of the enactment of an Act making appropriations 
        for the Department of State, foreign operations, and related 
        programs for the respective fiscal year, or October 31 of the 
        respective fiscal year, whichever is later.''.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 104. EXTENSION OF WAR RESERVES STOCKPILE 
              AUTHORITY.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) Department of Defense Appropriations Act, 2005.--
Section 12001(d) of the Department of Defense Appropriations Act, 2005 
(Public Law 108-287; 118 Stat. 1011) is amended by striking ``more than 
11 years after the date of the enactment of this Act'' and inserting 
``after September 30, 2025''.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Foreign Assistance Act of 1961.--Section 514(b)(2)(A) 
of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2321h(b)(2)(A)) is 
amended by striking ``2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, and 
2020'' and inserting ``2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, 2024, and 
2025''.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 105. EXTENSION OF LOAN GUARANTEES TO ISRAEL.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    Chapter 5 of title I of the Emergency Wartime Supplemental 
Appropriations Act, 2003 (Public Law 108-11; 117 Stat. 576) is amended 
under the heading ``Loan Guarantees to Israel''--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) in the matter preceding the first proviso, by 
        striking ``September 30, 2019'' and inserting ``September 30, 
        2025''; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) in the second proviso, by striking ``September 
        30, 2019'' and inserting ``September 30, 2025''.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 106. TRANSFER OF PRECISION GUIDED MUNITIONS TO 
              ISRAEL.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) In General.--Notwithstanding section 514 of the 
Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2321h), the President is 
authorized to transfer to Israel precision guided munitions from 
reserve stocks for Israel in such quantities as may be necessary for 
legitimate self-defense of Israel and is otherwise consistent with the 
purposes and conditions for such transfers under the Arms Export 
Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2751 et seq.).</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Certifications.--Except in case of emergency, as 
determined by the President, not later than 5 days before making a 
transfer under subsection (a), the President shall certify to the 
appropriate congressional committees that the transfer of the precision 
guided munitions--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) does not affect the ability of the United 
        States to maintain a sufficient supply of precision guided 
        munitions;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) does not harm the combat readiness of the 
        United States or the ability of the United States to meet its 
        commitment to allies for the transfer of such 
        munitions;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) is necessary for Israel to counter the threat 
        of rockets in a timely fashion; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (4) is in the national security interest of the 
        United States.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 107. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON RAPID ACQUISITION AND 
              DEPLOYMENT PROCEDURES.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    It is the sense of Congress that the President should--
</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) prescribe procedures for the rapid acquisition 
        and deployment of precision guided munitions for United States 
        counterterrorism missions; or</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) assist Israel, which is an ally of the United 
        States, to protect itself against direct missile 
        threats.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 108. ELIGIBILITY OF ISRAEL FOR THE STRATEGIC TRADE 
              AUTHORIZATION EXCEPTION TO CERTAIN EXPORT CONTROL 
              LICENSING REQUIREMENTS.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) Findings.--Congress finds the following:</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) Israel has adopted high standards in the field 
        of weapons export controls.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Israel has declared its unilateral adherence 
        to the Missile Technology Control Regime, the Australia Group, 
        and the Nuclear Suppliers Group.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) Israel is a party to--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) the Protocol for the Prohibition of 
                the Use in War of Asphyxiating, Poisonous or Other 
                Gases, and of Bacteriological Methods of Warfare, 
                signed at Geneva June 17, 1925 (commonly known as the 
                ``Geneva Protocol''); and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) the Convention on the Physical 
                Protection of Nuclear Material, signed at Vienna and 
                New York March 3, 1980.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (4) Section 6(b) of the United States-Israel 
        Strategic Partnership Act of 2014 (22 U.S.C. 8603 note) directs 
        the President, consistent with the commitments of the United 
        States under international agreements, to take steps so that 
        Israel may be included in the list of countries eligible for 
        the strategic trade authorization exception under section 
        740.20(c)(1) of title 15, Code of Federal Regulations, to the 
        requirement for a license for the export, re-export, or in-
        country transfer of an item subject to controls under the 
        Export Administration Regulations.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Report on Eligibility for Strategic Trade 
Authorization Exception.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) In general.--Not later than 120 days after the 
        date of the enactment of this Act, the President shall submit a 
        report to the appropriate congressional committees that 
        describes the steps taken to include Israel in the list of 
        countries eligible for the strategic trade authorization 
        exception under section 740.20(c)(1) of title 15, Code of 
        Federal Regulations, as required under section 6(b) of the 
        United States-Israel Strategic Partnership Act of 2014 (Public 
        Law 113-296).</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Form.--The report required under paragraph (1) 
        shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may contain a 
        classified annex.</DELETED>

 <DELETED>TITLE II--ENHANCED UNITED STATES-ISRAEL COOPERATION</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 201. UNITED STATES AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT 
              MEMORANDA OF UNDERSTANDING TO ENHANCE COOPERATION WITH 
              ISRAEL.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) Sense of Congress Regarding USAID Policy.--It is the 
sense of Congress that the United States Agency for International 
Development should cooperate with Israel to advance common goals across 
a wide variety of sectors, including energy, agriculture, food 
security, democracy, human rights, governance, economic growth, trade, 
education, environment, global health, water, and sanitation.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Memoranda of Understanding.--The Secretary of State, 
acting through the Administrator of the United States Agency for 
International Development, may enter into memoranda of understanding 
with Israel to advance common goals on energy, agriculture, food 
security, democracy, human rights, governance, economic growth, trade, 
education, environment, global health, water, and sanitation, with a 
focus on strengthening mutual ties and cooperation with nations 
throughout the world.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 202. COOPERATIVE PROJECTS AMONG THE UNITED STATES, 
              ISRAEL, AND DEVELOPING COUNTRIES.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    Section 106 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 
U.S.C. 2151d) is amended by striking subsection (e) and (f) and 
inserting the following:</DELETED>
<DELETED>    ``(e) There are authorized to be appropriated $2,000,000 
for each of the fiscal years 2020 through 2024 to finance cooperative 
projects among the United States, Israel, and developing countries that 
identify and support local solutions to address sustainability 
challenges relating to water resources, agriculture, and energy 
storage, including--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(1) establishing public-private 
        partnerships;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(2) supporting the identification, research, 
        development testing, and scaling of innovations that focus on 
        populations that are vulnerable to environmental and resource-
        scarcity crises, such as subsistence farming 
        communities;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(3) seed or transition-to-scale funding, 
        publicity and marketing promotional support, or mentorship and 
        partnership brokering support; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(4) accelerating demonstrations or applications 
        of local solutions to sustainability challenges, or the further 
        refinement, testing, or implementation of innovations that have 
        previously effectively addressed sustainability 
        challenges.''.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 203. JOINT COOPERATIVE PROGRAM RELATED TO INNOVATION AND 
              HIGH-TECH FOR THE MIDDLE EAST REGION.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) the United States should help foster 
        cooperation in the Middle East region by financing and, as 
        appropriate, cooperating in projects related to innovation and 
        advanced technologies; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) projects referred to in paragraph (1) should--
        </DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) contribute to development and the 
                quality of life in the Middle East region through the 
                application of research and advanced technology; 
                and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) contribute to Arab-Israeli cooperation 
                by establishing strong working relationships that last 
                beyond the life of such projects.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Establishment.--The Secretary of State, acting through 
the Administrator of the United States Agency for International 
Development, is authorized to seek to establish a program between the 
United States, Israel, Egypt, Jordan, Morocco, Tunisia, Lebanon, and 
the West Bank and Gaza Strip to provide for cooperation in the Middle 
East region by financing and, as appropriate, cooperating in projects 
related to innovation and advanced technologies.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (c) Project Requirements.--Each project carried out under 
the program established pursuant to subsection (b)--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) shall include the participation of at least 1 
        entity from Israel and 1 entity of Egypt, Jordan, Morocco, 
        Tunisia, Lebanon, and the West Bank and Gaza Strip; 
        and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) should include participation from not fewer 
        than 3 or more such entities to the maximum extent 
        practicable.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 204. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON UNITED STATES-ISRAEL ECONOMIC 
              COOPERATION.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    It is the sense of Congress that--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) the United States-Israel economic 
        partnership--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) has achieved great tangible and 
                intangible benefits to both countries; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) is a foundational component of the 
                strong alliance;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) science and technology innovations present 
        promising new frontiers for United States-Israel economic 
        cooperation, particularly in light of widespread drought, 
        cybersecurity attacks, and other major challenges impacting the 
        United States; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) the President should regularize and expand 
        existing forums of economic dialogue with Israel and foster 
        both public and private sector participation.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 205. COOPERATION ON DIRECTED ENERGY 
              CAPABILITIES.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) Authority.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) In general.--The Secretary of Defense, upon a 
        request from the Ministry of Defense of Israel, and with the 
        concurrence of the Secretary of State, is authorized to carry 
        out research, development, test, and evaluation activities, on 
        a joint basis with Israel, to establish directed energy 
        capabilities that address threats to the United States, 
        deployed forces of the United States, or Israel. Any activities 
        carried out under this paragraph shall be conducted in a manner 
        that appropriately protects sensitive information, the national 
        security interests of the United States, and the national 
        security interests of Israel.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Report.--The activities described in paragraph 
        (1) may be carried out after the Secretary of Defense submits a 
        report to the appropriate congressional committees that 
        includes--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) a memorandum of agreement between the 
                United States and Israel regarding sharing of research 
                and development costs for the capabilities described in 
                paragraph (1), and any supporting documents; 
                and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) a certification that the memorandum of 
                agreement referred to in subparagraph (A)--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) requires sharing of costs of 
                        projects, including in-kind support, between 
                        the United States and Israel;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) establishes a framework to 
                        negotiate the rights to any intellectual 
                        property developed under the memorandum of 
                        agreement; and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (iii) requires the United States 
                        Government to receive semiannual reports on 
                        expenditure of funds, if any, by the Government 
                        of Israel, including--</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    (I) a description of what 
                                the funds have been used for and when 
                                funds were expended; and</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    (II) the identification of 
                                entities that expended such 
                                funds.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Support in Connection With Activities.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) In general.--The Secretary of Defense is 
        authorized to provide maintenance and sustainment support to 
        Israel for the directed energy capabilities research, 
        development, test, and evaluation activities authorized under 
        subsection (a)(1), including the installation of equipment that 
        is necessary to carry out such research, development, test, and 
        evaluation.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Report.--The support described in paragraph 
        (1) may not be provided until 15 days after the Secretary of 
        Defense submits a report to the appropriate congressional 
        committees that describes in detail the support to be 
        provided.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) Matching contribution.--The support described 
        in paragraph (1) may not be provided unless the Secretary of 
        Defense certifies to the appropriate congressional committees 
        that the Government of Israel will contribute to such support--
        </DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) an amount equal to not less than the 
                amount of support to be so provided; or</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) an amount that otherwise meets the 
                best efforts of Israel, as mutually agreed to by the 
                United States and Israel.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (c) Lead Agency.--The Secretary of Defense shall designate 
an appropriate research and development entity of a military department 
as the lead agency of the Department of Defense in carrying out this 
section.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (d) Semiannual Report.--The Secretary of Defense shall 
submit a semiannual report to the appropriate congressional committees 
that includes the most recent semiannual report provided by the 
Government of Israel to the Department of Defense pursuant to 
subsection (a)(2)(B)(iii).</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 206. CONTINGENCY PLANS TO PROVIDE ISRAEL WITH NECESSARY 
              DEFENSE ARTICLES AND SERVICES.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) In General.--The President, acting through the 
Secretary of Defense and in consultation with the Secretary of State, 
shall establish and update, as appropriate, contingency plans to 
provide Israel with defense articles and services that are determined 
by the Secretary of Defense to be necessary for the defense of 
Israel.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Congressional Briefing.--Not later than 1 year after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter, the 
Secretary of Defense, in consultation with the Secretary of State, 
shall brief the appropriate congressional committees regarding the 
status of the contingency plans required under subsection 
(a).</DELETED>

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

    (a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``United States-
Israel Security Assistance Authorization Act of 2020''.
    (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents for this Act is as 
follows:

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
Sec. 2. Definition.

                TITLE I--SECURITY ASSISTANCE FOR ISRAEL

Sec. 101. Findings.
Sec. 102. Statement of policy.
Sec. 103. Security assistance for Israel.
Sec. 104. Extension of war reserves stockpile authority.
Sec. 105. Extension of loan guarantees to Israel.
Sec. 106. Transfer of precision guided munitions to Israel.
Sec. 107. Sense of Congress on rapid acquisition and deployment 
                            procedures.
Sec. 108. Eligibility of Israel for the strategic trade authorization 
                            exception to certain export control 
                            licensing requirements.

          TITLE II--ENHANCED UNITED STATES-ISRAEL COOPERATION

Sec. 201. United States Agency for International Development memoranda 
                            of understanding to enhance cooperation 
                            with Israel.
Sec. 202. Cooperative projects among the United States, Israel, and 
                            developing countries.
Sec. 203. Joint cooperative program related to innovation and high-tech 
                            for the Middle East region.
Sec. 204. Sense of Congress on United States-Israel economic 
                            cooperation.
Sec. 205. Cooperation on directed energy capabilities.
Sec. 206. Contingency plans to provide Israel with necessary defense 
                            articles and services.
Sec. 207. Other matters of cooperation.

SEC. 2. DEFINITION.

    In this Act, the term ``appropriate congressional committees'' 
means--
            (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate;
            (2) the Committee on Armed Services of the Senate;
            (3) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of 
        Representatives; and
            (4) the Committee on Armed Services of the House of 
        Representatives.

                TITLE I--SECURITY ASSISTANCE FOR ISRAEL

SEC. 101. FINDINGS.

    Congress makes the following findings:
            (1) On September 14, 2016, the United States and Israel 
        signed a 10-year Memorandum of Understanding to reaffirm the 
        importance of continuing annual United States military 
        assistance to Israel and cooperative missile defense programs 
        in a way that enhances Israel's security and strengthens the 
        bilateral relationship between the 2 countries.
            (2) The 2016 Memorandum of Understanding reflects United 
        States support of Foreign Military Financing grant assistance 
        to Israel over a 10-year period beginning in fiscal year 2019 
        and ending in fiscal year 2028.
            (3) The 2016 Memorandum of Understanding also reflects 
        United States support for funding for cooperative programs to 
        develop, produce, and procure missile, rocket, and projectile 
        defense capabilities during such 10-year period at an average 
        funding level of $500,000,000 per year, totaling $5,000,000,000 
        for such period.

SEC. 102. STATEMENT OF POLICY.

    It is the policy of the United States to provide assistance to the 
Government of Israel for the development and acquisition of advanced 
capabilities that Israel requires to meet its security needs and to 
enhance United States capabilities.

SEC. 103. SECURITY ASSISTANCE FOR ISRAEL.

    Section 513(c) of the Security Assistance Act of 2000 (Public Law 
106-280; 114 Stat. 856) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1), by striking ``2002 and 2003'' and 
        inserting ``2021, 2022, 2023, 2024, 2025, 2026, 2027, and 
        2028'';
            (2) in paragraph (2), by striking ``equal to--'' and all 
        that follows and inserting ``not less than $3,300,000,000.''; 
        and
            (3) by amending paragraph (3) to read as follows:
            ``(3) Disbursement of funds.--Amounts authorized to be 
        available for Israel under paragraph (1) and subsection (b)(1) 
        for fiscal years 2021, 2022, 2023, 2024, 2025, 2026, 2027, and 
        2028 shall be disbursed not later than 30 days after the date 
        of the enactment of an Act making appropriations for the 
        Department of State, foreign operations, and related programs 
        for the respective fiscal year, or October 31 of the respective 
        fiscal year, whichever is later.''.

SEC. 104. EXTENSION OF WAR RESERVES STOCKPILE AUTHORITY.

    (a) Department of Defense Appropriations Act, 2005.--Section 
12001(d) of the Department of Defense Appropriations Act, 2005 (Public 
Law 108-287; 118 Stat. 1011) is amended by striking ``September 30, 
2020'' and inserting ``after September 30, 2025''.
    (b) Foreign Assistance Act of 1961.--Section 514(b)(2)(A) of the 
Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2321h(b)(2)(A)) is amended by 
striking ``2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, and 2020'' and 
inserting ``2021, 2022, 2023, 2024, and 2025''.

SEC. 105. EXTENSION OF LOAN GUARANTEES TO ISRAEL.

    Chapter 5 of title I of the Emergency Wartime Supplemental 
Appropriations Act, 2003 (Public Law 108-11; 117 Stat. 576) is amended 
under the heading ``Loan Guarantees to Israel''--
            (1) in the matter preceding the first proviso, by striking 
        ``September 30, 2023'' and inserting ``September 30, 2025''; 
        and
            (2) in the second proviso, by striking ``September 30, 
        2023'' and inserting ``September 30, 2025''.

SEC. 106. TRANSFER OF PRECISION GUIDED MUNITIONS TO ISRAEL.

    (a) In General.--Notwithstanding section 514 of the Foreign 
Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2321h), the President is authorized 
to transfer to Israel precision guided munitions from reserve stocks 
for Israel in such quantities as may be necessary for legitimate self-
defense of Israel and is otherwise consistent with the purposes and 
conditions for such transfers under the Arms Export Control Act (22 
U.S.C. 2751 et seq.).
    (b) Certifications.--Except in case of emergency, as determined by 
the President, not later than 5 days before making a transfer under 
subsection (a), the President shall certify to the appropriate 
congressional committees that the transfer of the precision guided 
munitions--
            (1) does not affect the ability of the United States to 
        maintain a sufficient supply of precision guided munitions;
            (2) does not harm the combat readiness of the United States 
        or the ability of the United States to meet its commitment to 
        allies for the transfer of such munitions;
            (3) is necessary for Israel to counter the threat of 
        rockets in a timely fashion; and
            (4) is in the national security interest of the United 
        States.

SEC. 107. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON RAPID ACQUISITION AND DEPLOYMENT 
              PROCEDURES.

    It is the sense of Congress that the President should--
            (1) prescribe procedures for the rapid acquisition and 
        deployment of precision guided munitions for United States 
        counterterrorism missions; or
            (2) assist Israel, which is an ally of the United States, 
        to protect itself against direct missile threats.

SEC. 108. ELIGIBILITY OF ISRAEL FOR THE STRATEGIC TRADE AUTHORIZATION 
              EXCEPTION TO CERTAIN EXPORT CONTROL LICENSING 
              REQUIREMENTS.

    (a) Findings.--Congress finds the following:
            (1) Israel has adopted high standards in the field of 
        weapons export controls.
            (2) Israel has declared its unilateral adherence to the 
        Missile Technology Control Regime, the Australia Group, and the 
        Nuclear Suppliers Group.
            (3) Israel is a party to--
                    (A) the Protocol for the Prohibition of the Use in 
                War of Asphyxiating, Poisonous or Other Gases, and of 
                Bacteriological Methods of Warfare, signed at Geneva 
                June 17, 1925 (commonly known as the ``Geneva 
                Protocol'');
                    (B) the Convention on the Physical Protection of 
                Nuclear Material, signed at Vienna and New York March 
                3, 1980; and
                    (C) the Convention on Prohibitions or Restrictions 
                on the Use of Certain Conventional Weapons Which may be 
                Deemed to be Excessively Injurious or to Have 
                Indiscriminate Effects, signed at Geneva October 10, 
                1980.
            (4) Section 6(b) of the United States-Israel Strategic 
        Partnership Act of 2014 (22 U.S.C. 8603 note) directs the 
        President, consistent with the commitments of the United States 
        under international agreements, to take steps so that Israel 
        may be included in the list of countries eligible for the 
        strategic trade authorization exception under section 
        740.20(c)(1) of title 15, Code of Federal Regulations, to the 
        requirement for a license for the export, re-export, or in-
        country transfer of an item subject to controls under the 
        Export Administration Regulations.
    (b) Briefing on Eligibility for Strategic Trade Authorization 
Exception.--Not later than 120 days after the date of the enactment of 
this Act, the President shall brief the appropriate congressional 
committees by describing the steps taken to include Israel in the list 
of countries eligible for the strategic trade authorization exception 
under section 740.20(c)(1) of title 15, Code of Federal Regulations, as 
required under section 6(b) of the United States-Israel Strategic 
Partnership Act of 2014 (Public Law 113-296).

          TITLE II--ENHANCED UNITED STATES-ISRAEL COOPERATION

SEC. 201. UNITED STATES AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT MEMORANDA 
              OF UNDERSTANDING TO ENHANCE COOPERATION WITH ISRAEL.

    (a) Findings.--Congress finds that the United States Agency for 
International Development and Israel's Agency for International 
Development Cooperation signed memoranda of understanding in 2012, 
2017, and 2019 to coordinate the agencies' respective efforts to 
promote common development goals in third countries.
    (b) Sense of Congress Regarding USAID Policy.--It is the sense of 
Congress that the Department of State and the United States Agency for 
International Development should continue to cooperate with Israel to 
advance common development goals in third countries across a wide 
variety of sectors, including energy, agriculture, food security, 
democracy, human rights, governance, economic growth, trade, education, 
environment, global health, water, and sanitation.
    (c) Memoranda of Understanding.--The Secretary of State, acting 
through the Administrator of the United States Agency for International 
Development, may enter into memoranda of understanding with Israel to 
advance common goals on energy, agriculture, food security, democracy, 
human rights, governance, economic growth, trade, education, 
environment, global health, water, and sanitation, with a focus on 
strengthening mutual ties and cooperation with nations throughout the 
world.

SEC. 202. COOPERATIVE PROJECTS AMONG THE UNITED STATES, ISRAEL, AND 
              DEVELOPING COUNTRIES.

    Section 106 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2151d) 
is amended by striking subsections (e) and (f) and inserting the 
following:
    ``(e) There are authorized to be appropriated $2,000,000 for each 
of the fiscal years 2021 through 2025 to finance cooperative projects 
among the United States, Israel, and developing countries that identify 
and support local solutions to address sustainability challenges 
relating to water resources, agriculture, and energy storage, 
including--
            ``(1) establishing public-private partnerships;
            ``(2) supporting the identification, research, development 
        testing, and scaling of innovations that focus on populations 
        that are vulnerable to environmental and resource-scarcity 
        crises, such as subsistence farming communities;
            ``(3) seed or transition-to-scale funding;
            ``(4) clear and appropriate branding and marking of United 
        States funded assistance, in accordance with section 641; and
            ``(5) accelerating demonstrations or applications of local 
        solutions to sustainability challenges, or the further 
        refinement, testing, or implementation of innovations that have 
        previously effectively addressed sustainability challenges.
    ``(f) Amounts appropriated pursuant to subsection (e) shall be 
obligated in accordance with the memoranda of understanding referred to 
in subsections (a) and (c) of section 201 of the United States-Israel 
Security Assistance Authorization Act of 2020''.

SEC. 203. JOINT COOPERATIVE PROGRAM RELATED TO INNOVATION AND HIGH-TECH 
              FOR THE MIDDLE EAST REGION.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) the United States should help foster cooperation in the 
        Middle East region by financing and, as appropriate, 
        cooperating in projects related to innovation and advanced 
        technologies; and
            (2) projects referred to in paragraph (1) should--
                    (A) contribute to development and the quality of 
                life in the Middle East region through the application 
                of research and advanced technology; and
                    (B) contribute to Arab-Israeli cooperation by 
                establishing strong working relationships that last 
                beyond the life of such projects.
    (b) Establishment.--The Secretary of State, acting through the 
Administrator of the United States Agency for International 
Development, is authorized to seek to establish a program between the 
United States and appropriate regional partners to provide for 
cooperation in the Middle East region by supporting projects related to 
innovation and advanced technologies.
    (c) Project Requirements.--Each project carried out under the 
program established pursuant to subsection (b)--
            (1) shall include the participation of at least 1 entity 
        from Israel and 1 entity from another regional partner; and
            (2) shall be conducted in a manner that appropriately 
        protects sensitive information, intellectual property, the 
        national security interests of the United States, and the 
        national security interests of Israel.

SEC. 204. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON UNITED STATES-ISRAEL ECONOMIC 
              COOPERATION.

    It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) the United States-Israel economic partnership--
                    (A) has achieved great tangible and intangible 
                benefits to both countries; and
                    (B) is a foundational component of the strong 
                alliance;
            (2) science and technology innovations present promising 
        new frontiers for United States-Israel economic cooperation, 
        particularly in light of widespread drought, cybersecurity 
        attacks, and other major challenges impacting the United 
        States; and
            (3) the President should regularize and expand existing 
        forums of economic dialogue with Israel and foster both public 
        and private sector participation.

SEC. 205. COOPERATION ON DIRECTED ENERGY CAPABILITIES.

    (a) Authority.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary of State is authorized to 
        carry out research, development, test, and evaluation 
        activities, on a joint basis with Israel, to establish directed 
        energy capabilities that address threats to the United States, 
        deployed forces of the United States, or Israel. Any activities 
        carried out under this paragraph shall be conducted in a manner 
        that appropriately protects sensitive information, intellectual 
        property, the national security interests of the United States, 
        and the national security interests of Israel.
            (2) Report.--The activities described in paragraph (1) may 
        be carried out after the Secretary of State submits a report to 
        the appropriate congressional committees that includes--
                    (A) a memorandum of agreement between the United 
                States and Israel regarding sharing of research and 
                development costs for the capabilities described in 
                paragraph (1), and any supporting documents; and
                    (B) a certification that the memorandum of 
                agreement referred to in subparagraph (A)--
                            (i) requires sharing of costs of projects, 
                        including in-kind support, between the United 
                        States and Israel;
                            (ii) establishes a framework to negotiate 
                        the rights to any intellectual property 
                        developed under the memorandum of agreement; 
                        and
                            (iii) requires the United States Government 
                        to receive semiannual reports on expenditure of 
                        funds, if any, by the Government of Israel, 
                        including--
                                    (I) a description of what the funds 
                                have been used for and when funds were 
                                expended; and
                                    (II) the identification of entities 
                                that expended such funds.
    (b) Support in Connection With Activities.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary of State is authorized to 
        provide maintenance and sustainment support to Israel for the 
        directed energy capabilities research, development, test, and 
        evaluation activities authorized under subsection (a)(1), 
        including the installation of equipment that is necessary to 
        carry out such research, development, test, and evaluation.
            (2) Report.--The support described in paragraph (1) may not 
        be provided until 15 days after the date on which the Secretary 
        of State submits a report to the appropriate congressional 
        committees that describes in detail the support to be provided.
            (3) Matching contribution.--The support described in 
        paragraph (1) may not be provided unless the Secretary of State 
        certifies to the appropriate congressional committees that the 
        Government of Israel will contribute to such support--
                    (A) an amount not less than the amount of support 
                to be so provided; or
                    (B) an amount that otherwise meets the best efforts 
                of Israel, as mutually agreed to by the United States 
                and Israel.
    (c) Lead Agency.--The Secretary of State shall designate an 
appropriate research and development entity as the lead agency of the 
Department of State in carrying out this section.
    (d) Semiannual Report.--The Secretary of State shall submit a 
semiannual report to the appropriate congressional committees that 
includes the most recent semiannual report provided by the Government 
of Israel to the Department of State.

SEC. 206. PLANS TO PROVIDE ISRAEL WITH NECESSARY DEFENSE ARTICLES AND 
              SERVICES IN A CONTINGENCY.

    (a) In General.--The President shall establish and update, as 
appropriate, plans to provide Israel with defense articles and services 
that are determined by the Secretary of Defense to be necessary for the 
defense of Israel in a contingency.
    (b) Congressional Briefing.--Not later than 1 year after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter, the President 
shall brief the appropriate congressional committees regarding the 
status of the plans required under subsection (a).

SEC. 207. OTHER MATTERS OF COOPERATION.

    (a) In General.--Activities authorized under this section shall be 
carried out with the concurrence of the Secretary of State and aligned 
with the National Security Strategy of the United States, the United 
States Government Global Health Security Strategy, the Department of 
State Integrated Country Strategies, the USAID Country Development 
Cooperation Strategies, and any equivalent or successor plans or 
strategies, as necessary and appropriate
    (b) Development of Health Technologies.--
            (1) In general.--There is authorized to be appropriated to 
        the Secretary of Health and Human Services $4,000,000 for each 
        of the fiscal years 2021 through 2023 for a bilateral 
        cooperative program with the Government of Israel that awards 
        grants for the development of health technologies, including 
        health technologies listed in paragraph (2), subject to 
        paragraph (3), with an emphasis on collaboratively advancing 
        the use of technology and personalized medicine in relation to 
        COVID-19.
            (2) Types of health technologies.--The health technologies 
        described in this paragraph may include technologies such as 
        sensors, drugs and vaccinations, respiratory assist devices, 
        diagnostic tests, and telemedicine.
            (3) Restrictions on funding.--Amounts appropriated pursuant 
        to paragraph (1) are subject to a matching contribution from 
        the Government of Israel.
            (4) Option for establishing new program.--Amounts 
        appropriated pursuant to paragraph (1) may be expended for a 
        bilateral program with the Government of Israel that--
                    (A) is in existence on the day before the date of 
                the enactment of this Act for the purposes described in 
                paragraph (1); or
                    (B) is established after the date of the enactment 
                of this Act by the Secretary of Health and Human 
                Services, in consultation with the Secretary of State, 
                in accordance with the Agreement between the Government 
                of the United States of America and the Government of 
                the State of Israel on Cooperation in Science and 
                Technology for Homeland Security Matters, done at 
                Jerusalem May 29, 2008 (or a successor agreement), for 
                the purposes described in paragraph (1).
    (c) Coordinator of United States-Israel Research and Development.--
            (1) In general.--The President may designate the Assistant 
        Secretary of State for the Bureau of Oceans and International 
        Environmental and Scientific Affairs, or another appropriate 
        Department of State official, to act as Coordinator of United 
        States-Israel Research and Development (referred to in this 
        subsection as the ``Coordinator'').
            (2) Authorities and duties.--The Coordinator, in 
        conjunction with the heads of relevant Federal Government 
        departments and agencies and in coordination with the Israel 
        Innovation Authority, may oversee civilian science and 
        technology programs on a joint basis with Israel.
    (d) Office of Global Policy and Strategy of the Food and Drug 
Administration.--
            (1) In general.--It is the sense of Congress that the 
        Commissioner of the Food and Drug Administration should seek to 
        explore collaboration with Israel through the Office of Global 
        Policy and Strategy.
            (2) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the 
        enactment of this Act, the Commissioner, acting through the 
        head of the Office of Global Policy and Strategy, shall submit 
        a report describing the benefits to the United States and to 
        Israel of opening an office in Israel for the Office of Global 
        Policy and Strategy to--
                    (A) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the 
                Senate;
                    (B) the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and 
                Pensions of the Senate;
                    (C) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House 
                of Representatives; and
                    (D) the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the 
                House of Representatives.
    (e) United States-Israel Energy Center.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to the Secretary of Energy $4,000,000 for each of the 
fiscal years 2021 through 2023 to carry out the activities of the 
United States-Israel Energy Center established pursuant to section 
917(d) of the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (42 U.S.C. 
17337(d)).
    (f) United States-Israel Binational Industrial Research and 
Development Foundation.--It is the sense of Congress that grants to 
promote covered energy projects conducted by, or in conjunction with, 
the United States-Israel Binational Industrial Research and Development 
Foundation should be funded at not less than $2,000,000 annually under 
section 917(b) of the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (42 
U.S.C. 17337(b)).
    (g) United States-Israel Cooperation on Energy, Water, Homeland 
Security, Agriculture, and Alternative Fuel Technologies.--Section 7 of 
the United States-Israel Strategic Partnership Act of 2014 (22 U.S.C. 
8606) is amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(d) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $2,000,000 for each of the 
fiscal years 2021 through 2023.''.
    (h) Annual Policy Dialogue.--It is the sense of Congress that the 
Department of Transportation and Israel's Ministry of Transportation 
should engage in an annual policy dialogue to implement the 2016 
Memorandum of Cooperation signed by the Secretary of Transportation and 
the Israeli Minister of Transportation.
    (i) Cooperation on Space Exploration and Science Initiatives.--The 
Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration 
shall continue to work with the Israel Space Agency to identify and 
cooperatively pursue peaceful space exploration and science initiatives 
in areas of mutual interest, taking all appropriate measures to protect 
sensitive information, intellectual property, trade secrets, and 
economic interests of the United States.
    (j) Research and Development Cooperation Relating to Desalination 
Technology.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment of 
this Act, the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy 
shall submit a report that describes research and development 
cooperation with international partners, such as the State of Israel, 
in the area of desalination technology in accordance with section 
9(b)(3) of the Water Desalination Act of 1996 (42 U.S.C. 10301 note) 
to--
            (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate;
            (2) the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the 
        Senate;
            (3) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of 
        Representatives; and
            (4) the Committee on Natural Resources of the House of 
        Representatives.
    (k) Research and Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder.--It is 
the sense of Congress that the Secretary of Veterans Affairs should 
seek to explore collaboration between the Mental Illness Research, 
Education and Clinical Centers of Excellence and Israeli institutions 
with expertise in researching and treating posttraumatic stress 
disorder.
                                                       Calendar No. 463

116th CONGRESS

  2d Session

                                S. 3176

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL

   To amend the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 and the United States-
   Israel Strategic Partnership Act of 2014 to make improvements to 
certain defense and security assistance provisions and to authorize the 
       appropriations of funds to Israel, and for other purposes.

_______________________________________________________________________

                              June 3, 2020

                       Reported with an amendment