[Congressional Bills 116th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 2502 Reported in Senate (RS)]

<DOC>





                                                       Calendar No. 547
116th CONGRESS
  2d Session
                                S. 2502

                          [Report No. 116-268]

  To ban the Federal procurement of certain drones and other unmanned 
               aircraft systems, and for other purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                           September 18, 2019

 Mr. Scott of Florida (for himself, Mr. Cotton, Mr. Hawley, Mr. Rubio, 
    Mr. Murphy, Mr. Blumenthal, and Mrs. Blackburn) introduced the 
 following bill; which was read twice and referred to the Committee on 
               Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs

                           September 15, 2020

               Reported by Mr. Johnson, with an amendment
 [Strike out all after the enacting clause and insert the part printed 
                               in italic]

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
  To ban the Federal procurement of certain drones and other unmanned 
               aircraft systems, and for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

<DELETED>SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    This Act may be cited as the ``American Security Drone Act 
of 2019''.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    In this Act:</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) Covered foreign entity.--the term ``covered 
        foreign entity'' means--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) a covered entity (as determined by the 
                Secretary of Commerce);</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) any entity that is subject to 
                extrajudicial direction from a foreign government, as 
                determined by the Director of National 
                Intelligence;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) any entity the Secretary of Homeland 
                Security, in coordination with the Director of National 
                Intelligence, the Secretary of Defense, and the 
                Secretary of State, determines poses a national 
                security risk;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (D) any entity subject to influence or 
                control by the Government of the People Republic of 
                China or the Communist Party of the People's Republic 
                of China, as determined by the Secretary of Homeland 
                Security; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (E) any subsidiary or affiliate of an 
                entity described in subparagraphs (A) through 
                (D).</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Covered unmanned aircraft.--The term ``covered 
        unmanned aircraft'' means an unmanned aircraft system and any 
        related services and equipment.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 3. BAN ON PROCUREMENT OF FOREIGN OFF-THE-SHELF DRONES AND 
              UNMANNED AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) In General.--Except as provided under subsections (b) 
and (c), the head of an executive agency may not procure any commercial 
off-the-shelf drone or covered unmanned aircraft system manufactured or 
assembled by a covered foreign entity, including any Original Equipment 
Manufacturer flight controllers, radios, data transmission devices, 
cameras, or gimbals manufactured in a covered foreign country or by an 
entity domiciled in a covered foreign country.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Exemption.--The Secretary of Homeland Security and the 
Secretary of Defense are exempt from the restriction under subsection 
(a) if the operation or procurement--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) is for the purposes of training, testing, or 
        analysis for--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) Counter-UAS surrogate 
                intelligence;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) electronic warfare; or</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) information warfare operations; 
                and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) is required in the national interest of the 
        United States.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (c) Waiver.--The head of an executive agency may waive the 
prohibition under subsection (a) on a case-by-case basis with the 
approval of the Secretary of Homeland Security or the Secretary of 
Defense and notification to Congress.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 4. PROHIBITION ON OPERATION OF FOREIGN COMMERCIAL OFF-
              THE-SHELF DRONES AND SMALL UNMANNED AIRCRAFT 
              SYSTEMS.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) Prohibition.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) In general.--Beginning not later than 180 days 
        after the date of the enactment of this Act, no Federal 
        department or agency may operate a commercial off-the-shelf 
        drone or covered unmanned aircraft system manufactured or 
        assembled by a covered foreign entity.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Phase-in period for existing contracts.--The 
        prohibition under paragraph (1) shall not apply, during the 1-
        year period beginning on the date of the enactment of this Act, 
        to commercial off-the-shelf drones and covered unmanned 
        aircraft systems procured through a contract entered into 
        before the date of the enactment of this Act.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Exemption.--The Secretary of Homeland Security and the 
Secretary of Defense are exempt from the restriction under subsection 
(a) if the operation or procurement--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) is for the purposes of training, testing, or 
        analysis for--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) Counter-UAS surrogate 
                intelligence;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) electronic warfare; or</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) information warfare operations; 
                and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) is required in the national interest of the 
        United States.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (c) Waiver.--The head of an executive agency may waive the 
prohibition under subsection (a) on a case-by-case basis with the 
approval of the Secretary of Homeland Security or the Secretary of 
Defense and notification to Congress.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (d) Regulations.--Not later than 180 days after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Homeland Security shall 
prescribe regulations to implement this section.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 5. PROHIBITION ON USE OF FEDERAL FUNDS FOR PURCHASES AND 
              OPERATION OF COMMERCIAL OFF-THE-SHELF DRONES AND UNMANNED 
              AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS FROM CHINA.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    No Federal funds awarded through a contract, grant, or 
cooperative agreement or otherwise made available may be used to 
purchase a commercial off-the-shelf drone or covered unmanned aircraft 
system, or a system to counter unmanned aircraft systems, that is 
manufactured or assembled by a covered foreign entity or in connection 
with the operation of such a drone or system.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 6. COMPTROLLER GENERAL REPORT.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    Not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment of 
this Act, the Comptroller General of the United States shall submit to 
Congress a report on the amount of commercial off-the-shelf drones and 
covered unmanned aircraft systems procured by Federal departments and 
agencies from covered foreign entities.</DELETED>

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``American Security Drone Act of 
2020''.

SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS.

    In this Act:
            (1) Covered foreign entity.--The term ``covered foreign 
        entity'' means--
                    (A) a covered entity designated by the Secretary of 
                Commerce;
                    (B) an entity included on the Consolidated 
                Screening List;
                    (C) any entity that is subject to extrajudicial 
                direction from a foreign government, as determined by 
                the Secretary of Homeland Security;
                    (D) any entity the Secretary of Homeland Security, 
                in coordination with the Director of National 
                Intelligence and the Secretary of Defense, determines 
                poses a national security risk;
                    (E) any entity domiciled in the People's Republic 
                of China or subject to influence or control by the 
                Government of the People Republic of China or the 
                Communist Party of the People's Republic of China, as 
                determined by the Secretary of Homeland Security; or
                    (F) any subsidiary or affiliate of an entity 
                described in subparagraphs (A) through (D).
            (2) Covered unmanned aircraft system.--The term ``covered 
        unmanned aircraft system'' has the meaning given the term 
        ``unmanned aircraft system'' in section 44801 of title 49, 
        United States Code.

SEC. 3. PROHIBITION ON PROCUREMENT OF COVERED UNMANNED AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS 
              FROM COVERED FOREIGN ENTITIES.

    (a) In General.--Except as provided under subsections (b) and (c), 
the head of an executive agency may not procure any covered unmanned 
aircraft system that are manufactured or assembled by a covered foreign 
entity, which includes associated elements (consisting of communication 
links and the components that control the unmanned aircraft) that are 
required for the operator to operate safely and efficiently in the 
national airspace system.
    (b) Exemption.--The Secretary of Homeland Security, the Secretary 
of Defense, and the Attorney General are exempt from the restriction 
under subsection (a) if the operation or procurement--
            (1) is for the sole purposes of research, evaluation, 
        training, testing, or analysis for--
                    (A) electronic warfare;
                    (B) information warfare operations;
                    (C) development of UAS or counter-UAS technology;
                    (D) counterterrorism or counterintelligence 
                activities; or
                    (E) Federal criminal investigations, including 
                forensic examinations; and
            (2) is required in the national interest of the United 
        States.
    (c) Waiver.--The head of an executive agency may waive the 
prohibition under subsection (a) on a case-by-case basis with the 
approval of the Secretary of Homeland Security or the Secretary of 
Defense and notification to Congress.

SEC. 4. PROHIBITION ON OPERATION OF COVERED UNMANNED AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS 
              FROM COVERED FOREIGN ENTITIES.

    (a) Prohibition.--
            (1) In general.--Beginning on the date that is 2 years 
        after the date of the enactment of this Act, no Federal 
        department or agency may operate a covered unmanned aircraft 
        system manufactured or assembled by a covered foreign entity.
            (2) Applicability to contracted services.--The prohibition 
        under paragraph (1) applies to any covered unmanned aircraft 
        systems that are being used by any executive agency through the 
        method of contracting for the services of covered unmanned 
        aircraft systems.
    (b) Exemption.--The Secretary of Homeland Security, the Secretary 
of Defense, and the Attorney General are exempt from the restriction 
under subsection (a) if the operation or procurement--
            (1) is for the sole purposes of research, evaluation, 
        training, testing, or analysis for--
                    (A) electronic warfare;
                    (B) information warfare operations;
                    (C) development of UAS or counter-UAS technology;
                    (D) counterterrorism or counterintelligence 
                activities; or
                    (E) Federal criminal investigations, including 
                forensic examinations; and
            (2) is required in the national interest of the United 
        States.
    (c) Waiver.--The head of an executive agency may waive the 
prohibition under subsection (a) on a case-by-case basis with the 
approval of the Secretary of Homeland Security or the Secretary of 
Defense and notification to Congress.
    (d) Regulations and Guidance.--Not later than 180 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Homeland Security 
shall prescribe regulations or guidance to implement this section.

SEC. 5. PROHIBITION ON USE OF FEDERAL FUNDS FOR PURCHASES AND OPERATION 
              OF COVERED UNMANNED AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS FROM COVERED FOREIGN 
              ENTITIES.

    (a) In General.--Beginning on the date that is 2 years after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, except as provided in subsection 
(b), no Federal funds awarded through a contract, grant, or cooperative 
agreement, or otherwise made available may be used--
            (1) to purchase a covered unmanned aircraft system, or a 
        system to counter unmanned aircraft systems, that is 
        manufactured or assembled by a covered foreign entity; or
            (2) in connection with the operation of such a drone or 
        unmanned aircraft system.
    (b) Exemption.--A Federal department or agency is exempt from the 
restriction under subsection (a) if--
            (1) the contract, grant or cooperative agreement was 
        awarded prior to the date of the enactment of the bill; or
            (2) the operation or procurement is for the sole purposes 
        of research, evaluation, training, testing, or analysis, as 
        determined by the Secretary of Homeland Security, the Secretary 
        of Defense, or the Attorney General, for--
                    (A) electronic warfare;
                    (B) information warfare operations;
                    (C) development of UAS or counter-UAS technology;
                    (D) counterterrorism or counterintelligence 
                activities; or
                    (E) Federal criminal investigations, including 
                forensic examinations; and
            (3) is required in the national interest of the United 
        States.
    (c) Regulations.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Federal Acquisition Regulatory Council shall 
prescribe regulations or guidance, as necessary, to implement the 
requirements of this section pertaining to Federal contracts.

SEC. 6. PROHIBITION ON USE OF GOVERNMENT-ISSUED PURCHASE CARDS TO 
              PURCHASE COVERED UNMANNED AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS FROM COVERED 
              FOREIGN ENTITIES.

    Effective immediately, Government-issued Purchase Cards may not be 
used to procure any covered unmanned aircraft system from a covered 
foreign entity.

SEC. 7. MANAGEMENT OF EXISTING INVENTORIES OF COVERED UNMANNED AIRCRAFT 
              SYSTEMS FROM COVERED FOREIGN ENTITIES.

    (a) In General.-- Effective immediately, all executive agencies 
must account for existing inventories of covered unmanned aircraft 
systems manufactured or assembled by a covered foreign entity in their 
personal property accounting systems, regardless of the original 
procurement cost, or the purpose of procurement due to the special 
monitoring and accounting measures necessary to track the items' 
capabilities.
    (b) Classified Tracking.--Due to the sensitive nature of missions 
and operations conducted by the United States Government, inventory 
data related to covered unmanned aircraft systems manufactured or 
assembled by a covered foreign entity may be tracked at a classified 
level.
    (c) Exceptions.--The Department of Defense and Department of 
Homeland Security may exclude from the full inventory process, covered 
unmanned aircraft systems that are deemed expendable due to mission 
risk such as recovery issues or that are one-time-use covered unmanned 
aircraft due to requirements and low cost.

SEC. 8. COMPTROLLER GENERAL REPORT.

    Not later than 275 days after the date of the enactment of this 
Act, the Comptroller General of the United States shall submit to 
Congress a report on the amount of commercial off-the-shelf drones and 
covered unmanned aircraft systems procured by Federal departments and 
agencies from covered foreign entities.

SEC. 9. GOVERNMENT-WIDE POLICY FOR PROCUREMENT OF UNMANNED AIRCRAFT 
              SYSTEMS.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Director of the Office of Management and 
Budget, in coordination with the Department of Homeland Security, 
Department of Transportation, the Department of Justice, and other 
Departments as determined by the Director of the Office of Management 
and Budget, and in consultation with the National Institute of 
Standards and Technology, shall establish a government-wide policy for 
the procurement of UAS--
            (1) for non-Department of Defense and non-intelligence 
        community operations; and
            (2) through grants and cooperative agreements entered into 
        with non-Federal entities.
    (b) Information Security.--The policy developed under subsection 
(a) shall include the following specifications, which to the extent 
practicable, shall be based on industry standards and technical 
guidance from the National Institute of Standards and Technology, to 
address the risks associated with processing, storing and transmitting 
Federal information in a UAS:
            (1) Protections to ensure controlled access of UAS.
            (2) Protecting software, firmware, and hardware by ensuring 
        changes to UAS are properly managed, including by ensuring UAS 
        can be updated using a secure, controlled, and configurable 
        mechanism.
            (3) Cryptographically securing sensitive collected, stored, 
        and transmitted data, including proper handling of privacy data 
        and other controlled unclassified information.
            (4) Appropriate safeguards necessary to protect sensitive 
        information, including during and after use of UAS.
            (5) Appropriate data security to ensure that data is not 
        transmitted to or stored in non-approved locations.
            (6) The ability to opt out of the uploading, downloading, 
        or transmitting of data that is not required by law or 
        regulation and an ability to choose with whom and where 
        information is shared when it is required.
    (c) Requirement.--The policy developed under subsection (a) shall 
reflect an appropriate risk-based approach to information security 
related to use of UAS.
    (d) Revision of Acquisition Regulations.--Not later than 180 days 
after the date on which the policy required under subsection (a) is 
issued--
            (1) the Federal Acquisition Regulatory Council shall revise 
        the Federal Acquisition Regulation, as necessary, to implement 
        the policy; and
            (2) any Federal department or agency or other Federal 
        entity not subject to, or not subject solely to, the Federal 
        Acquisition Regulation shall revise applicable policy, 
        guidance, or regulations, as necessary, to implement the 
        policy.
    (e) Exemption.--In developing the policy required under subsection 
(a), the Director of the Office of Management and Budget shall 
incorporate an exemption to the policy for the following reasons:
            (1) In the case of procurement for the purposes of 
        training, testing or analysis for--
                    (A) electronic warfare; or
                    (B) information warfare operations.
            (2) In the case of researching UAS technology, including 
        testing, evaluation, research, or development of technology to 
        counter UAS.
            (3) In the case of a head of the procuring department or 
        agency determining, in writing, that no product that complies 
        with the information security requirements described in 
        subsection (b) is capable of fulfilling mission critical 
        performance requirements, and such determination--
                    (A) may not be delegated below the level of the 
                Deputy Secretary of the procuring department or agency;
                    (B) shall specify--
                            (i) the quantity of end items to which the 
                        waiver applies, the procurement value of which 
                        may not exceed $50,000 per waiver; and
                            (ii) the time period over which the waiver 
                        applies, which shall not exceed 3 years;
                    (C) shall be reported to the Office of Management 
                and Budget following issuance of such a determination; 
                and
                    (D) not later than 30 days after the date on which 
                the determination is made, shall be provided to the 
                Committee on Homeland Security and Government Affairs 
                of the Senate and the Committee on Oversight and Reform 
                of the House of Representatives.

SEC. 10. STUDY.

    (a) Independent Study.--Not later than 3 years after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, the Director of the Office of Management and 
Budget shall seek to enter into a contract with a federally funded 
research and development center under which the center will conduct a 
study of--
            (1) the current and future unmanned aircraft system global 
        and domestic market;
            (2) the ability of the unmanned aircraft system domestic 
        market to keep pace with technological advancements across the 
        industry;
            (3) the ability of domestically made unmanned aircraft 
        systems to meet the network security and data protection 
        requirements of the national security enterprise;
            (4) the extent to which unmanned aircraft system component 
        parts, such as the parts described in section 3(a), are made 
        domestically; and
            (5) an assessment of the economic impact, including cost, 
        of excluding the use of foreign-made UAS for use across the 
        Federal Government.
    (b) Submission to OMB.--Upon completion of the study in subsection 
(a), the federally funded research and development center shall submit 
the study to the Director of the Office of Management and Budget.
    (c) Submission to Congress.--Not later than 30 days after the date 
on which the Director of the Office of Management and Budget receives 
the study under subsection (b), the Director shall submit the study 
to--
            (1) the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental 
        Affairs of the Senate; and
            (2) the Committee on Homeland Security and the Committee on 
        Oversight and Government Reform of the House of 
        Representatives.

SEC. 11. SUNSET.

    Sections 3, 4, and 5 shall cease to have effect on the date that is 
5 years after the date of the enactment of this Act.
                                                       Calendar No. 547

116th CONGRESS

  2d Session

                                S. 2502

                          [Report No. 116-268]

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL

  To ban the Federal procurement of certain drones and other unmanned 
               aircraft systems, and for other purposes.

_______________________________________________________________________

                           September 15, 2020

                       Reported with an amendment