[Congressional Bills 116th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 1770 Introduced in Senate (IS)]

<DOC>






116th CONGRESS
  1st Session
                                S. 1770

To improve the identification and support of children and families who 
                           experience trauma.


_______________________________________________________________________


                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                             June 10, 2019

Mr. Durbin (for himself, Mrs. Capito, Ms. Duckworth, and Ms. Murkowski) 
introduced the following bill; which was read twice and referred to the 
          Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
To improve the identification and support of children and families who 
                           experience trauma.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Resilience Investment, Support, and 
Expansion from Trauma Act'' or the ``RISE from Trauma Act''.

                     TITLE I--COMMUNITY PROGRAMMING

SEC. 101. TRAUMA-RELATED COORDINATING BODIES.

    Title V of the Public Health Service Act is amended by inserting 
after section 520A (42 U.S.C. 290bb-32) the following:

``SEC. 520B. TRAUMA-RELATED COORDINATING BODIES TO ADDRESS COMMUNITY 
              TRAUMA.

    ``(a) Grants.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary, acting through the 
        Assistant Secretary, shall award grants to State, county, 
        local, or Indian tribe or tribal organizations (as such terms 
        are defined in section 4 of the Indian Self-Determination Act 
        and Education Assistance Act) or nonprofit private entities for 
        demonstration projects to enable such entities to act as 
        coordinating bodies to address community trauma.
            ``(2) Amount.--The Secretary shall award such grants in 
        amounts of not more than $4,000,000.
            ``(3) Duration.--The Secretary shall award such grants for 
        periods of 4 years.
    ``(b) Eligible Entities.--
            ``(1) In general.--To be eligible to receive a grant under 
        this section, an entity shall include 1 or more representatives 
        of each of the categories described in paragraph (2).
            ``(2) Composition.--The categories referred to in paragraph 
        (1) are--
                    ``(A) governmental agencies, such as public health, 
                human services, or child welfare agencies, that conduct 
                activities to screen, assess, provide services or 
                referrals, prevent, or provide treatment to support 
                infants, children, youth, and their families as 
                appropriate, that have experienced or are at risk of 
                experiencing trauma;
                    ``(B) faculty or qualified staff at an institution 
                of higher education (as defined in section 101(a) of 
                the Higher Education Act of 1965) or representatives of 
                a member of the National Child Traumatic Stress 
                Network, in an area related to screening, assessment, 
                service provision or referral, prevention, or treatment 
                to support infants, children, youth, and their 
                families, as appropriate, that have experienced or are 
                at risk of experiencing trauma;
                    ``(C) hospitals, health care clinics, or other 
                health care institutions, such as mental health and 
                substance use treatment facilities;
                    ``(D) criminal justice representatives related to 
                adults and juveniles, which may include law enforcement 
                or judicial or court employees;
                    ``(E) local educational agencies or agencies 
                responsible for early childhood education programs, 
                which may include Head Start and Early Head Start 
                agencies;
                    ``(F) community-based faith, human services, or 
                social services organizations, including providers of 
                after-school programs, home visiting programs, agencies 
                that serve victims of domestic and family violence and 
                child sexual abuse, or programs to prevent or address 
                the impact of violence and addiction; and
                    ``(G) the general public, including individuals who 
                have experienced trauma.
            ``(3) Qualifications.--In order for an entity to be 
        eligible to receive the grant under this section, the 
        representatives included in the entity shall, collectively, 
        have professional training and expertise concerning childhood 
        trauma and evidence-based, evidence-informed, and promising 
        best practices to prevent and mitigate the impact of exposure 
        to trauma.
    ``(c) Application.--To be eligible to receive a grant under this 
section, an entity shall submit an application to the Secretary at such 
time, in such manner, and containing such information as the Secretary 
may require, including information describing how the coordinating body 
funded under the grant will continue its activities after the end of 
the grant period.
    ``(d) Priority.--In awarding grants under this section, the 
Secretary shall give priority to entities proposing to serve 
communities that have faced high rates of community trauma, including 
from intergenerational poverty, civil unrest, discrimination, or 
oppression, which may include an evaluation of--
            ``(1) an age-adjusted rate of drug overdose deaths that is 
        above the national overdose mortality rate, as determined by 
        the Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 
        and
            ``(2) an age-adjusted rate of violence-related (or 
        intentional) injury deaths that is above the national average, 
        as determined by the Director of the Centers for Disease 
        Control and Prevention.
    ``(e) Use of Funds.--An entity that receives a grant under this 
section to act as a coordinating body shall use the grant funds--
            ``(1) to bring together stakeholders who provide or use 
        services in, or have expertise concerning, covered settings to 
        identify community needs and resources related to services to 
        prevent or address the impact of trauma, and to build on any 
        needs assessments conducted by organizations or groups 
        represented on the coordinating body;
            ``(2)(A) to collect data, on indicators specified by the 
        Secretary, that covers multiple covered settings; and
            ``(B) to use the data to identify unique community 
        challenges and barriers, gaps in services, and high-need areas, 
        related to services to prevent or address the impact of trauma;
            ``(3) to build awareness, skills, and leadership (including 
        through trauma-informed training and public outreach campaigns) 
        related to implementing the best practices developed under 
        section 7132(d) of the SUPPORT for Patients and Communities Act 
        (Public Law 115-271) (referred to in this subsection as the 
        `developed best practices'); and
            ``(4) to develop a strategic plan that identifies--
                    ``(A) policy goals and coordination opportunities 
                (including coordination in applying for grants) 
                relating to implementing the developed best practices; 
                and
                    ``(B) a comprehensive, integrated approach for the 
                entity and its members to prevent and mitigate the 
                impact of exposure to trauma in the community, and to 
                assist the community in healing from existing and prior 
                exposure to trauma.
    ``(f) Supplement Not Supplant.--Amounts made available under this 
section shall be used to supplement and not supplant other Federal, 
State, and local public funds and private funds expended to provide 
trauma-related coordination activities.
    ``(g) Evaluation.--At the end of the period for which grants are 
awarded under this section, the Secretary shall conduct an evaluation 
of the activities carried out under each grant under this section. In 
conducting the evaluation, the Secretary shall assess the outcomes of 
the grant activities carried out by each grant recipient.
    ``(h) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $50,000,000 for the period of 
fiscal years 2020 through 2023.
    ``(i) Definition.--In this section, the term `covered setting' 
means the settings in which individuals may come into contact with 
infants, children, youth, and their families, as appropriate, who have 
experienced or are at risk of experiencing trauma, including schools, 
hospitals, settings where health care providers, including primary care 
and pediatric providers, provide services, early childhood education 
and care settings, home visiting settings, after-school program 
facilities, child welfare agency facilities, public health agency 
facilities, mental health treatment facilities, substance use treatment 
facilities, faith-based institutions, domestic violence agencies, child 
advocacy centers, homeless services system facilities, refugee services 
system facilities, juvenile justice system facilities, law enforcement 
agency facilities, Healthy Marriage Promotion or Responsible Fatherhood 
service settings, child support service settings, and service settings 
focused on individuals eligible for Temporary Assistance for Needy 
Families.''.

SEC. 102. EXPANSION OF PERFORMANCE PARTNERSHIP PILOT FOR CHILDREN WHO 
              HAVE EXPERIENCED OR ARE AT RISK OF EXPERIENCING TRAUMA.

    Section 526 of the Departments of Labor, Health and Human Services, 
and Education, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2014 (42 U.S.C. 
12301 note) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a), by adding at the end the following:
            ``(4) `To improve outcomes for infants, children, and 
        youth, and their families as appropriate, who have experienced 
        or are at risk of experiencing trauma' means to increase the 
        rate at which individuals who have experienced or are at risk 
        of experiencing trauma, including those who are low-income, 
        homeless, involved with the child welfare system, involved in 
        the juvenile justice system, unemployed, or not enrolled in or 
        at risk of dropping out of an educational institution and live 
        in a community that has faced acute or long-term exposure to 
        substantial discrimination, historical oppression, 
        intergenerational poverty, civil unrest, a high rate of 
        violence or drug overdose deaths, achieve success in meeting 
        educational, employment, health, developmental, community 
        reentry, permanency from foster care, or other key goals.'';
            (2) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) in the subsection heading, by striking ``Fiscal 
                Year 2014'' and inserting ``Fiscal Years 2020 Through 
                2024'';
                    (B) by redesignating paragraphs (1) and (2) as 
                subparagraphs (A) and (B), respectively, and by moving 
                such subparagraphs, as so redesignated, 2 ems to the 
                right;
                    (C) by striking ``Federal agencies'' and inserting 
                the following:
            ``(1) Disconnected youth pilots.--Federal agencies''; and
                    (D) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(2) Trauma-informed care pilots.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Federal agencies may use Federal 
                discretionary funds that are made available in this Act 
                or any appropriations Act for any of fiscal years 2020 
                through 2024 to carry out up to 10 Performance 
                Partnership Pilots. Such Pilots shall--
                            ``(i) be designed to improve outcomes for 
                        infants, children, and youth, and their 
                        families as appropriate, who have experienced 
                        or are at risk of experiencing trauma; and
                            ``(ii) involve Federal programs targeted on 
                        infants, children, and youth, and their 
                        families as appropriate, who have experienced 
                        or are at risk of experiencing trauma.
                    ``(B) Priority.--In making funds available under 
                this paragraph, a Federal agency shall give priority to 
                entities that receive grants under section 520B of the 
                Public Health Service Act.'';
            (3) in subsection (c)(2)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``2018'' and 
                inserting ``2023''; and
                    (B) in subparagraph (F), by inserting before the 
                semicolon ``, including the age range for such 
                population''; and
            (4) in subsection (e), by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
        ``2023''.

SEC. 103. NATIONAL AND COMMUNITY SERVICE.

    (a) Service-Learning.--Section 113(a)(2) of the National and 
Community Service Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 12525(a)(2)) is amended--
            (1) in subparagraph (C), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (2) in subparagraph (D), by striking the period and 
        inserting ``, and''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(E) information describing how the applicant will 
                give priority, in reviewing applications under 
                subsection (b), to entities that propose service-
                learning programs in communities with high levels of 
                trauma (as defined in section 520B of the Public Health 
                Service Act).''.
    (b) Americorps Recruitment.--Section 130(b)(5) of the National and 
Community Service Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 12582(b)(5)) is amended by 
inserting after ``and women,'' the following: ``and to give priority 
(to the maximum extent practicable) to recruitment of participants from 
communities with high levels of trauma (as defined in section 520B of 
the Public Health Service Act),''.
    (c) Americorps State Programs.--Section 130(c) of the National and 
Community Service Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 12582(c)) is amended by adding 
at the end the following:
            ``(4) In the case of a State or territory described in 
        section 129(e), an assurance that the State or territory, in 
        distributing grant funds made available under that section, 
        will give priority to entities proposing national service 
        programs that are related to the provision of trauma-informed 
        services in communities with high levels of trauma (as defined 
        in section 520B of the Public Health Service Act).''.
    (d) Americorps Competitive Programs.--Section 133(d)(2) of the 
National and Community Service Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 12585(d)(2)) is 
amended--
            (1) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (2) in subparagraph (C), by striking the period and 
        inserting ``; and''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(D) national service programs that are related to 
                the provision of trauma-informed services in 
                communities with high levels of trauma (as defined in 
                section 520B of the Public Health Service Act).''.

SEC. 104. HOSPITAL-BASED INTERVENTIONS TO REDUCE READMISSIONS.

    Section 911 of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 299b) is 
amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(c) Hospital-Based Interventions To Reduce Readmissions.--
            ``(1) Grants.--The Secretary, acting through the Director 
        of the Agency, shall award grants to eligible entities to 
        evaluate hospital-based interventions to reduce subsequent 
        readmissions of patients that present at a hospital after 
        overdosing, attempting suicide, or suffering violent injury or 
        abuse.
            ``(2) Eligible entities.--To be eligible to receive a grant 
        under this subsection and entity shall--
                    ``(A) be a hospital or health system (including 
                health systems operated by Indian tribes or tribal 
                organizations as such terms are defined in section 4 of 
                the Indian Self-Determination Act and Education 
                Assistance Act); and
                    ``(B) submit to the Secretary an application at 
                such time, in such manner, and containing such 
                information as the Secretary may require, which shall 
                include demonstrated experience furnishing successful 
                hospital-based trauma interventions to improve outcomes 
                for patients presenting after overdosing, attempting 
                suicide, or suffering violent injury or abuse.
            ``(3) Use of funds.--An entity shall use amounts received 
        under a grant under this subsection to test and evaluate 
        hospital-based trauma-informed interventions for patients who 
        present at hospitals with drug overdoses, suicide attempts, and 
        violent injuries (such as domestic violence or intentional 
        penetrating wounds, including gunshots and stabbings) to 
        provide comprehensive education, screening, counseling, 
        discharge planning, skills building, and long-term case 
        management services to prevent hospital readmission, injury, 
        and improve health and safety outcomes. Such interventions may 
        be furnished in coordination or partnership with qualified 
        community-based organizations and may include or incorporate 
        the best practices developed under section 7132(d) of the 
        SUPPORT for Patients and Communities Act (Public Law 115-271).
            ``(4) Quality measures.--An entity that receive a grant 
        under this section shall submit to the Secretary a report on 
        the data and outcomes developed under the grant, including any 
        quality measures developed to prevent hospital readmissions for 
        the patients served under the program involved.''.

SEC. 105. SUPPORTING AT-RISK AND TRAUMA-EXPOSED STUDENTS WITH ARTS 
              OPPORTUNITIES.

    Section 5(c) of the National Foundation on the Arts and Humanities 
Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 954(c)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (9), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (2) in paragraph (10), by striking the period and inserting 
        ``; and''; and
            (3) by inserting after paragraph (10), the following:
            ``(11) projects, programs, and workshops that provide 
        therapy and creative expression opportunities through the arts 
        for children, and their families as appropriate, who have 
        experienced or are at risk of experiencing trauma.''.

SEC. 106. ENSURING PARITY FOR INFANT, EARLY CHILDHOOD, AND YOUTH MENTAL 
              HEALTH.

    Part K of title V of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 290ll 
et seq.) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating section 550 (42 U.S.C. 290ee-10), 
        relating to sobriety treatment and recovery teams, as section 
        598; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 599. INFANT AND EARLY CHILDHOOD MENTAL HEALTH PARITY.

    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary, in coordination with the 
Secretary of Labor and the Secretary of Education, shall award grants 
to, or enter into cooperative agreements with, States to ensure that 
health insurance issuers in the State comply with section 2726, as such 
section applies to infant and early childhood mental and behavioral 
health.
    ``(b) Use of Grant.--A State shall use amounts received under a 
grant or cooperative agreement under this section to--
            ``(1) establish clear guidelines for parity compliance for 
        infant and early childhood mental health that are evidence-
        based;
            ``(2) align parity compliance with best practices for 
        meeting an infant's Individualized Family Service Plan under 
        part C of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act or a 
        preschool aged child's Individualized Education Plan under part 
        B of such Act, as well as providing Coordinated Early 
        Intervening Services under part B of such Act to preschool age 
        children;
            ``(3) engage with health insurance issuers to ensure that 
        they comply with the guidelines promulgated and other 
        provisions of section 2726, as such section applies to infant 
        and early childhood mental health;
            ``(4) ensure health insurance issuer compliance through 
        audits, market conduct examinations, secret shopper programs, 
        or other means;
            ``(5) share learnings with other States who receive grants 
        under this section; and
            ``(6) submit a report to the Secretary, the Secretary of 
        Labor, and the Secretary of Education, on findings, actions, 
        recommendations, and any such other information as such 
        Secretaries shall require.
    ``(c) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section, $10,000,000 for each of fiscal 
years 2020 through 2024.''.

SEC. 107. STREAMLINING AND COORDINATING TRAUMA GRANT FUNDING.

    Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of this Act, the 
Director of the Office of Management and Budget, in coordination with 
the Task Force created under section 7132 of the SUPPORT for Patients 
and Communities Act (Public Law 115-271), shall review the Federal 
grant programs and funding streams with relevance or potential to 
furnish the best practices developed under section 7132(d) of such Act 
for preventing and mitigating the impact of trauma, and issue guidance 
to agencies on the following:
            (1) Aligning measurement, reporting, and timelines for 
        Federal funds used to address community trauma.
            (2) Leveraging different Federal funding streams to enable 
        effective data sharing, integration, and privacy to support 
        coordination for addressing community trauma.
            (3) Consistency in eligibility requirements and enrollment 
        pathways for Federal funding to facilitate strategies for 
        addressing community trauma.
            (4) Support for community-level planning activities that 
        advance the overall policy goals of each Federal funding 
        stream.
            (5) Modeling the long-term budgetary benefits of preventing 
        or mitigating community trauma.
            (6) The inclusion of trauma impact statements within 
        relevant grants focused on serving children and families.

SEC. 108. MEASURING SAVINGS FROM TRAUMA-INFORMED INTERVENTIONS.

    (a) Identification of Effective Interventions.--The Secretary of 
Health and Human Services, acting through the Assistant Secretary for 
Planning and Evaluation, and in coordination with the Attorney General, 
the Secretary of Education, and the Secretary of Labor, shall conduct a 
review and analysis of the best practices developed under section 
7132(d) of the SUPPORT for Patients and Communities Act (Public Law 
115-271) (referred to in this section as the ``developed best 
practices'') that can be furnished through a Federal grant or health 
insurance program to prevent and mitigate the impact of trauma among 
infants, children, and youth, and their families, as appropriate, and 
identify those practices which hold the most promise to reduce long-
term costs and spending associated with children, including health care 
and child welfare costs.
    (b) Conduct of Review.--In conducting the review and analysis under 
subsection (a), the Assistant Secretary may--
            (1) solicit public input on the review design, findings, 
        and conclusions; and
            (2) examine methods for evaluating whether the developed 
        best practices were effectively implemented and the predicted 
        outcomes and savings are likely to be achieved, which may 
        include competency and testing approaches, and performance or 
        outcome measures.
    (c) Updates.--The set of best practices identified under subsection 
(a) as holding promise to reduce costs shall be updated at regular 
intervals.
    (d) Evaluating Long-Term Savings Associated With the 
Interventions.--The Director of the Office of Management and Budget 
shall analyze, determine, and publicly report the cost-savings across 
the Federal budget over 20 years, including an appropriate discount 
rate, associated with the effective implementation of the interventions 
identified in subsection (a), when applied in a representative 
population of children participating in all such appropriate Federal 
grant or health insurance programs in a given year, and update these 
determinations at least every 5 years.

                    TITLE II--WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT

SEC. 201. DIVERSITY TRAINING FOR INDIVIDUALS FROM COMMUNITIES THAT HAVE 
              EXPERIENCED HIGH LEVELS OF TRAUMA, VIOLENCE, OR 
              ADDICTION.

    Part B of title VII of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 293 
et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 742. INDIVIDUALS FROM COMMUNITIES THAT HAVE EXPERIENCED HIGH 
              LEVELS OF TRAUMA, VIOLENCE, OR ADDICTION.

    ``In carrying out activities under this part, the Secretary shall 
ensure that emphasis is provided on the recruitment of individuals from 
communities that have experienced high levels of trauma, violence, or 
addiction and that appropriate activities under this part are carried 
out in partnership with community-based organizations that have 
expertise in addressing such challenges to enhance service delivery.''.

SEC. 202. FUNDING FOR THE NATIONAL HEALTH SERVICE CORPS.

    Section 10503(b)(2) of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care 
Act (42 U.S.C. 254b-2(b)(2)) is amended--
            (1) in subparagraph (E), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (2) in subparagraph (F), by striking the period and 
        inserting ``; and''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(G) $360,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2020 
                through 2024.''.

SEC. 203. INFANT AND EARLY CHILDHOOD CLINICAL WORKFORCE.

    Part P of title III of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 
280g) is amended by adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 399V-7. INFANT AND EARLY CHILDHOOD CLINICAL WORKFORCE.

    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary, acting through the Associate 
Administrator of the Maternal and Child Health Bureau, shall establish 
an Infant and Early Childhood Clinical Mental Health Leadership Program 
to award grants to eligible entities to establish training institutes 
and centers of excellence for infant and early childhood clinical 
mental health.
    ``(b) Eligible Entities.--To be eligible to receive a grant under 
this section, an entity shall--
            ``(1) be--
                    ``(A) an institution of higher education as defined 
                in section 101(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965; 
                or
                    ``(B) be a hospital with affiliation with such an 
                institution of higher education, or a State 
                professional medical society or association of infant 
                mental health demonstrating an affiliation or 
                partnership with such an institution of higher 
                education; and
            ``(2) submit to the Secretary an application at such time, 
        in such manner, and containing such information as the 
        Secretary may require.
    ``(c) Use of Grant.--An entity shall use amounts received under a 
grant under this section to establish statewide training institutes or 
centers of excellence for licensed clinical social workers, licensed 
professional counselors, licensed marriage and family therapists, 
clinical psychologists, child psychiatrists, school psychologists, 
nurses, and developmental and behavioral pediatricians on infant and 
early childhood clinical mental health, with an emphasis on screening, 
assessment, service provision or referral, prevention, and treatment 
for infants and children who have experienced or are at risk of 
experiencing trauma, as well as prevention of secondary trauma, 
through--
            ``(1) the provision of community-based training and 
        supervision in evidence-based assessment, diagnosis, and 
        treatment, which may be conducted through partnership with 
        qualified community-based organizations;
            ``(2) the development of graduate education training 
        tracks;
            ``(3) the provision of scholarships and stipends, including 
        to enhance recruitment from under-represented populations in 
        the mental health workforce; and
            ``(4) the provision of mid-career training to develop the 
        capacity of existing health practitioners.
    ``(d) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section, $25,000,000 for each of fiscal 
years 2020 through 2024.''.

SEC. 204. TRAUMA-INFORMED TEACHING AND SCHOOL LEADERSHIP.

    (a) Partnership Grants.--Section 202 of the Higher Education Act of 
1965 (20 U.S.C. 1022a) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (b)(6)--
                    (A) by redesignating subparagraphs (H) through (K) 
                as subparagraphs (I) through (L), respectively; and
                    (B) by inserting after subparagraph (G) the 
                following:
                    ``(H) how the partnership will prepare general 
                education and special education teachers, including 
                early childhood educators, to support positive learning 
                outcomes and social and emotional development for 
                students who have experienced trauma (including 
                students who are involved in the foster care or 
                juvenile justice systems or runaway or homeless youth) 
                and in alternative education settings in which high 
                populations of youth with trauma exposure may learn 
                (including settings for correctional education, 
                juvenile justice, pregnant and parenting students, or 
                youth who have re-entered school after a period of 
                absence due to dropping out);'';
            (2) in subsection (d)(1)(A)(i)--
                    (A) in subclause (II), by striking ``and'' after 
                the semicolon;
                    (B) by redesignating subclause (III) as subclause 
                (IV); and
                    (C) by inserting after subclause (II) the 
                following:
                                    ``(III) such teachers, including 
                                early childhood educators, to adopt 
                                evidence-based approaches for improving 
                                behavior (such as positive behavior 
                                interventions and supports and 
                                restorative justice), supporting social 
                                and emotional learning, mitigating the 
                                effects of trauma, improving the 
                                learning environment in the school, 
                                preventing secondary trauma, compassion 
                                fatigue, and burnout, and for 
                                alternatives to suspensions, 
                                expulsions, corporal punishment, 
                                referrals to law enforcement, and other 
                                actions that remove students from the 
                                learning environment; and''; and
            (3) in subsection (d), by adding at the end the following:
            ``(7) Trauma-informed practice and work in alternative 
        education settings.--Developing the teaching skills of 
        prospective and, as applicable, new, early childhood, 
        elementary school, and secondary school teachers to adopt 
        evidence-based trauma-informed teaching strategies--
                    ``(A) to--
                            ``(i) recognize the signs of trauma and its 
                        impact on learning;
                            ``(ii) maximize student engagement and 
                        promote the social and emotional development of 
                        students; and
                            ``(iii) implement alternative practices to 
                        suspension and expulsion that do not remove 
                        students from the learning environment; and
                    ``(B) including programs training teachers, 
                including early childhood educators, to work with 
                students with exposure to traumatic events (including 
                students involved in the foster care or juvenile 
                justice systems or runaway and homeless youth) and in 
                alternative academic settings for youth unable to 
                participate in a traditional public school program in 
                which high populations of students with trauma exposure 
                may learn (such as students involved in the foster care 
                or juvenile justice systems, pregnant and parenting 
                students, runaway and homeless students, and other 
                youth who have re-entered school after a period of 
                absence due to dropping out).''.
    (b) Administrative Provisions.--Section 203(b)(2) of the Higher 
Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1022b(b)(2)) is amended--
            (1) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``and'' after the 
        semicolon;
            (2) in subparagraph (B), by striking the period at the end 
        and inserting ``; and''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(C) to eligible partnerships that have a high-
                quality proposal for trauma training programs for 
                general education and special education teachers, 
                including early childhood educators.''.
    (c) Grants for the Development of Leadership Programs.--Section 
202(f)(1)(B) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
1022a(f)(1)(B)) is amended--
            (1) in clause (v), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (2) in clause (vi), by striking the period and inserting 
        ``; and''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
                            ``(vii) identify students who have 
                        experienced trauma and connect those students 
                        with appropriate school-based or community-
                        based interventions and services.''.

SEC. 205. TOOLS FOR FRONT-LINE PROVIDERS.

    Not later than 18 months after the date of enactment of this Act, 
the Secretary of Health and Human Services, in coordination with 
appropriate stakeholders with subject matter expertise which may 
include the National Child Traumatic Stress Network, shall carry out 
activities to develop accessible and easily understandable toolkits for 
use by front-line service providers (including teachers, early 
childhood educators, school leaders, mentors, social workers, 
counselors, faith leaders, first responders, kinship caregivers) for 
appropriately identifying, responding to, and supporting infants, 
children, and youth, and their families, as appropriate, who have 
experienced or are at risk of experiencing trauma. Front-line service 
providers may also include programs focused on adults whose children or 
who themselves have experienced trauma, including programs related to 
Healthy Marriage and Responsible Fatherhood, child support, and 
Temporary Assistance to Needy Families. Such toolkits shall incorporate 
best practices developed under section 7132(d) of the SUPPORT for 
Patients and Communities Act (Public Law 115-271), and include actions 
to build a safe, stable, and nurturing environment for the infants, 
children, and youth served in those settings, capacity building, and 
strategies for addressing the impact of secondary trauma, compassion 
fatigue, and burnout among such front-line service providers.

SEC. 206. CHILDREN EXPOSED TO VIOLENCE INITIATIVE.

    Title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 
(34 U.S.C. 10101) is amended by adding at the end the following:

    ``PART OO--CHILDREN EXPOSED TO VIOLENCE AND ADDICTION INITIATIVE

``SEC. 3051. GRANTS TO IDENTIFY AND SUPPORT CHILDREN EXPOSED TO 
              VIOLENCE AND SUBSTANCE USE.

    ``(a) In General.--The Attorney General may make grants to States, 
units of local government, Indian tribes and tribal organizations (as 
such terms are defined in section 4 of the Indian Self-Determination 
Act and Education Assistance Act), and nonprofit organizations to 
reduce violence and substance use by preventing exposure to trauma, 
violence, or substance use and identifying and supporting infants, 
children, and youth, and their families, as appropriate, exposed to 
trauma, violence, or substance use.
    ``(b) Use of Funds.--A grant under subsection (a) may be used to 
implement trauma-informed policies and practices that support infants, 
children, youth, and their families, as appropriate, by--
            ``(1) building public awareness and education, and 
        improving policies and practices;
            ``(2) providing training, tools and resources to develop 
        the skills and capacity of parents (including foster parents), 
        adult guardians, and professionals who interact directly with 
        infants, children, and youth, and their families, as 
        appropriate, in an organized or professional setting, including 
        through the best practices developed under section 7132(d) of 
        the SUPPORT for Patients and Communities Act (Public Law 115-
        271); and
            ``(3) providing technical assistance to communities, 
        organizations, and public agencies on how to prevent and 
        mitigate the impact of exposure to trauma, violence, and 
        substance use.
    ``(c) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $11,000,000 for each of fiscal 
years 2020 through 2024.''.

SEC. 207. ESTABLISHMENT OF LAW ENFORCEMENT CHILD AND YOUTH TRAUMA 
              COORDINATING CENTER.

    (a) Establishment of Center.--
            (1) In general.--The Attorney General shall establish a 
        National Law Enforcement Child and Youth Trauma Coordinating 
        Center (referred to in this section as the ``Center'') to 
        provide assistance to adult- and juvenile-serving State, local, 
        and tribal law enforcement agencies (including those operated 
        by Indian tribes and tribal organizations as such terms are 
        defined in section 4 of the Indian Self-Determination Act and 
        Education Assistance Act) in interacting with infants, 
        children, and youth who have been exposed to violence or other 
        trauma, and their families as appropriate.
            (2) Age range.--The Center shall determine the age range of 
        infants, children, and youth to be covered by the activities of 
        the Center.
    (b) Duties.--The Center shall provide assistance to adult- and 
juvenile-serving State, local, and tribal law enforcement agencies by--
            (1) disseminating information on the best practices for law 
        enforcement officers, which may include best practices based on 
        evidence-based and evidence-informed models from programs of 
        the Department of Justice and the Office of Justice Services of 
        the Bureau of Indian Affairs or the best practices developed 
        under section 7132(d) of the SUPPORT for Patients and 
        Communities Act (Public Law 115-271), such as--
                    (A) models developed in partnership with national 
                law enforcement organizations, Indian tribes, or 
                clinical researchers; and
                    (B) models that include--
                            (i) trauma-informed approaches to conflict 
                        resolution, information gathering, forensic 
                        interviewing, de-escalation, and crisis 
                        intervention training;
                            (ii) early interventions that link child 
                        and youth witnesses and victims, and their 
                        families as appropriate, to age-appropriate 
                        trauma-informed services; and
                            (iii) preventing and supporting officers 
                        who experience secondary trauma;
            (2) providing professional training and technical 
        assistance; and
            (3) awarding grants under subsection (c).
    (c) Grant Program.--
            (1) In general.--The Attorney General, acting through the 
        Center, may award grants to State, local, and tribal law 
        enforcement agencies or to multi-disciplinary consortia to--
                    (A) enhance the awareness of best practices for 
                trauma-informed responses to infants, children, and 
                youth who have been exposed to violence or other 
                trauma, and their families as appropriate; and
                    (B) provide professional training and technical 
                assistance in implementing the best practices described 
                in subparagraph (A).
            (2) Application.--Any State, local, or tribal law 
        enforcement agency seeking a grant under this subsection shall 
        submit an application to the Attorney General at such time, in 
        such manner, and containing such information as the Attorney 
        General may require.
            (3) Use of funds.--A grant awarded under this subsection 
        may be used to--
                    (A) provide training to law enforcement officers on 
                best practices, including how to identify and 
                appropriately respond to early signs of trauma and 
                violence exposure when interacting with infants, 
                children, and youth, and their families, as 
                appropriate; and
                    (B) establish, operate, and evaluate a referral and 
                partnership program with trauma-informed clinical 
                mental health, substance use, health care, or social 
                service professionals in the community in which the law 
                enforcement agency serves.
    (d) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to the Attorney General--
            (1) $6,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2020 through 2024 
        to award grants under subsection (c); and
            (2) $2,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2020 through 2024 
        for other activities of the Center.

SEC. 208. NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH REPORT ON TRAUMA.

    Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment of this Act, 
the Director of the National Institutes of Health shall submit to 
Congress a report on the activities of the National Institutes of 
Health with respect to trauma (including trauma that stems from child 
abuse, exposure to violence, addiction and substance use, and toxic 
stress) and the implications of trauma for infants, children, and 
youth, and their families, as appropriate. Such report shall include--
            (1) the comprehensive research agenda of the National 
        Institutes of Health with respect to trauma;
            (2) the capacity, expertise, and review mechanisms of the 
        National Institutes of Health with respect to the evaluation 
        and examination of research proposals related to child trauma, 
        including coordination across institutes and centers and 
        inclusion of trauma impact statements within relevant grants 
        focused on serving children and families;
            (3) the relevance of trauma to other diseases, outcomes, 
        and domains;
            (4) strategies to link and analyze data from multiple 
        independent sources, including child welfare, health care 
        (including mental health care), law enforcement, and education 
        systems, to enhance research efforts and improve health 
        outcomes;
            (5) the efficacy of existing interventions, including 
        clinical treatment methods, child- and family-focused 
        prevention models, and community-based approaches, in 
        mitigating the effects of experiencing trauma and improving 
        health and societal outcomes; and
            (6) identification of gaps in understanding in the field of 
        trauma and areas of greatest need for further research related 
        to trauma.
                                 <all>