[Congressional Bills 116th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 6216 Introduced in House (IH)]

<DOC>






116th CONGRESS
  2d Session
                                H. R. 6216

 To establish the National Artificial Intelligence Initiative, and for 
                            other purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                    IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

                             March 12, 2020

Ms. Johnson of Texas (for herself, Mr. Lucas, Mr. McNerney, Mr. Olson, 
 Mr. Lipinski, and Mr. Weber of Texas) introduced the following bill; 
 which was referred to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
 To establish the National Artificial Intelligence Initiative, and for 
                            other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

    (a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``National 
Artificial Intelligence Initiative Act of 2020''.
    (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents for this Act is as 
follows:

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
Sec. 2. Findings.
Sec. 3. Definitions.
          TITLE I--NATIONAL ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE INITIATIVE

Sec. 101. National Artificial Intelligence Initiative.
Sec. 102. National Artificial Intelligence Initiative Office.
Sec. 103. Coordination by Interagency Committee.
Sec. 104. National Artificial Intelligence Advisory Committee.
Sec. 105. National Academies artificial intelligence impact study on 
                            workforce.
Sec. 106. GAO report on computational needs.
     TITLE II--NATIONAL ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE RESEARCH INSTITUTES

Sec. 201. National Artificial Intelligence Research Institutes.
 TITLE III--NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY ARTIFICIAL 
                        INTELLIGENCE ACTIVITIES

Sec. 301. National Institute of Standards and Technology activities.
     TITLE IV--NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE 
                               ACTIVITIES

Sec. 401. Artificial intelligence research and education.
 TITLE V--DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE RESEARCH PROGRAM

Sec. 501. Department of Energy Artificial Intelligence Research 
                            Program.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

    Congress finds the following:
            (1) Artificial intelligence is a tool that has the 
        potential to change and possibly transform every sector of the 
        United States economy and society.
            (2) The Federal Government should continue to play an 
        important role advancing research, development, standards, and 
        education activities in artificial intelligence through 
        coordination and collaboration between government, academia, 
        and the private sector to leverage the intellectual, physical, 
        and digital resources of each stakeholder.
            (3) The Federal Government lacks clear understanding of the 
        capabilities of artificial intelligence and its potential to 
        affect various social and economic sectors, including ethical 
        concerns, national security implications, and workforce 
        impacts.
            (4) Researchers from academia, Federal laboratories, and 
        much of the private sector have limited access to many high-
        quality datasets, computing resources, or real-world testing 
        environments to design and deploy safe and trustworthy 
        artificial intelligence systems.
            (5) There is a lack of standards and benchmarking for 
        artificial intelligence systems that academia and the public 
        and private sectors can use to evaluate the performance of 
        these systems before and after deployment.
            (6) Artificial intelligence is increasingly becoming a 
        highly interdisciplinary field with expertise required from a 
        diverse range of scientific and other scholarly disciplines 
        that traditionally work independently and continue to face 
        cultural and institutional barriers to large scale 
        collaboration.
            (7) Current Federal investments and funding mechanisms are 
        largely insufficient to incentivize and support the large-scale 
        interdisciplinary and public-private collaborations that will 
        be required to advance trustworthy artificial intelligence 
        systems in the United States.
            (8) The United States education pipeline for artificial 
        intelligence fields faces significant challenges. Not only does 
        the artificial intelligence research field lack the gender and 
        racial diversity of the American population as a whole, but it 
        is failing to both retain researchers and adequately support 
        educators to meet the demands of the next generation of 
        students studying artificial intelligence.
            (9) In order to help drive forward advances in trustworthy 
        artificial intelligence across all sectors and to the benefit 
        of all Americans, the Federal Government must provide 
        sufficient resources and use its convening power to facilitate 
        the growth of artificial intelligence human capital, research, 
        and innovation capacity in academia and other nonprofit 
        research organizations, companies of all sizes and across all 
        sectors, and within the Federal Government.

SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS.

    In this Act:
            (1) Advisory committee.--The term ``Advisory Committee'' 
        means the National Artificial Intelligence Advisory Committee 
        established under section 104(a).
            (2) Agency head.--The term ``agency head'' means the head 
        of any Executive agency (as defined in section 105 of title 5, 
        United States Code) other than the Department of Defense.
            (3) Artificial intelligence.--The term ``artificial 
        intelligence'' means a machine-based system that can, for a 
        given set of human-defined objectives, make predictions, 
        recommendations or decisions influencing real or virtual 
        environments. Artificial intelligence systems use machine and 
        human-based inputs to--
                    (A) perceive real and virtual environments;
                    (B) abstract such perceptions into models through 
                analysis in an automated manner; and
                    (C) use model inference to formulate options for 
                information or action.
            (4) Initiative.--The term ``Initiative'' means the National 
        Artificial Intelligence Initiative established under section 
        101(a).
            (5) Initiative office.--The term ``Initiative Office'' 
        means the National Artificial Intelligence Initiative Office 
        established under section 102(a).
            (6) Institute.--The term ``Institute'' means an Artificial 
        Intelligence Research Institute described in section 201(b)(1).
            (7) Interagency committee.--The term ``Interagency 
        Committee'' means the interagency committee established under 
        section 103(a).
            (8) K-12 education.--The term ``K-12 education'' means 
        elementary school and secondary education, as such terms are 
        defined in section 8101 of the Elementary and Secondary 
        Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7801).
            (9) Machine learning.--The term ``machine learning'' means 
        an application of artificial intelligence that is characterized 
        by providing systems the ability to automatically learn and 
        improve on the basis of data or experience, without being 
        explicitly programmed.

          TITLE I--NATIONAL ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE INITIATIVE

SEC. 101. NATIONAL ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE INITIATIVE.

    (a) Establishment; Purposes.--The President shall establish and 
implement an initiative to be known as the ``National Artificial 
Intelligence Initiative''. The purposes of the Initiative shall be to--
            (1) ensure continued United States leadership in artificial 
        intelligence research and development;
            (2) lead the world in the development and use of 
        trustworthy artificial intelligence systems in the public and 
        private sectors;
            (3) maximize the benefits of artificial intelligence 
        systems for all American people; and
            (4) prepare the present and future United States workforce 
        for the integration of artificial intelligence systems across 
        all sectors of the economy and society.
    (b) Initiative Activities.--In carrying out the Initiative, the 
President, acting through the Initiative Office, the Interagency 
Committee, and agency heads as the President considers appropriate, 
shall carry out activities that include the following:
            (1) Sustained, consistent, and coordinated support for 
        artificial intelligence research and development through 
        grants, cooperative agreements, testbeds, and access to data 
        and computing resources.
            (2) Support for the development of voluntary standards, 
        best practices, and benchmarks for the development and use of 
        trustworthy artificial intelligence systems.
            (3) Support for educational programs at all levels, in both 
        formal and informal learning environments, to prepare the 
        American workforce and the general public to be able to use and 
        interact with artificial intelligence systems, as well as adapt 
        to the potentially transformative impact of artificial 
        intelligence on society and the economy.
            (4) Support for interdisciplinary research, education, and 
        training programs for students and researchers that promote 
        learning in the methods and systems used in artificial 
        intelligence and foster interdisciplinary perspectives and 
        collaborations among subject matter experts in relevant fields, 
        including computer science, mathematics, statistics, 
        engineering, social sciences, psychology, behavioral science, 
        ethics, security, legal scholarship, and other disciplines that 
        will be necessary to advance artificial intelligence research 
        and development responsibly.
            (5) Support for partnerships to leverage knowledge, 
        computing resources, access to open datasets, and other 
        resources from industry, government, nonprofit organizations, 
        Federal laboratories, State programs, and institutions of 
        higher education to advance activities under the Initiative.
            (6) Interagency planning and coordination of Federal 
        artificial intelligence research, development, demonstration, 
        standards engagement, and other activities under the 
        Initiative.
            (7) Outreach to diverse stakeholders, including citizen 
        groups and industry, to ensure public input is taken into 
        account in the activities of the Initiative.
            (8) Leveraging existing Federal investments to advance 
        objectives of the Initiative.
            (9) Support for a network of interdisciplinary artificial 
        intelligence research institutes, as described in section 
        201(b)(7)(B).
            (10) Support opportunities for international cooperation 
        with strategic allies, as appropriate, on the research and 
        development, assessment, and resources for trustworthy 
        artificial intelligence systems and the development of 
        voluntary consensus standards for those systems.

SEC. 102. NATIONAL ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE INITIATIVE OFFICE.

    (a) In General.--The Director of the Office of Science and 
Technology Policy shall establish or designate, and appoint a director 
of, an office to be known as the ``National Artificial Intelligence 
Initiative Office'' to carry out the responsibilities described in 
subsection (b) with respect to the Initiative. The Initiative Office 
shall have sufficient staff to carry out such responsibilities, 
including staff detailed from the Federal departments and agencies 
described in section 103(c).
    (b) Responsibilities.--The Director of the Initiative Office 
shall--
            (1) provide technical and administrative support to the 
        Interagency Committee and the Advisory Committee;
            (2) serve as the point of contact on Federal artificial 
        intelligence activities for Federal departments and agencies, 
        industry, academia, nonprofit organizations, professional 
        societies, State governments, and such other persons as the 
        Initiative Office considers appropriate to exchange technical 
        and programmatic information;
            (3) conduct regular public outreach to diverse 
        stakeholders, including through the convening of conferences 
        and educational events, the publication of information about 
        significant Initiative activities on a publicly available 
        website, and the dissemination of findings and recommendations 
        of the Advisory Committee, as appropriate; and
            (4) promote access to and early adoption of the 
        technologies, innovations, lessons learned, and expertise 
        derived from Initiative activities to agency missions and 
        systems across the Federal Government, and to industry, 
        including startup companies.
    (c) Funding Estimate.--The Director of the Office of Science and 
Technology Policy shall develop an estimate of the funds necessary to 
carry out the activities of the Initiative Coordination Office, 
including an estimate of how much each participating Federal department 
and agency described in section 103(c) will contribute to such funds, 
and submit such estimate to Congress not later than 90 days after the 
enactment of this Act. The Director shall update this estimate each 
year based on participating agency investments in artificial 
intelligence.

SEC. 103. COORDINATION BY INTERAGENCY COMMITTEE.

    (a) Interagency Committee.--The Director of the Office of Science 
and Technology Policy, acting through the National Science and 
Technology Council, shall establish or designate an Interagency 
Committee to coordinate Federal programs and activities in support of 
the Initiative.
    (b) Co-Chairs.--The Interagency Committee shall be co-chaired by 
the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy and, on an 
annual rotating basis, a representative from the National Institute of 
Standards and Technology, the National Science Foundation, or the 
Department of Energy, as selected by the Director of the Office of 
Science and Technology Policy.
    (c) Agency Participation.--The Committee shall include 
representatives from--
            (1) the National Institute of Standards and Technology;
            (2) the National Science Foundation;
            (3) the Department of Energy;
            (4) the National Aeronautics and Space Administration;
            (5) the Department of Defense;
            (6) the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency;
            (7) the Department of Commerce;
            (8) the Office of the Director of National Intelligence;
            (9) the Office of Management and Budget;
            (10) the Office of Science and Technology Policy;
            (11) the Department of Health and Human Services;
            (12) the Department of Education;
            (13) the Department of Labor;
            (14) the Department of the Treasury;
            (15) the General Services Administration;
            (16) the Department of Transportation;
            (17) the Department of State;
            (18) the Department of Veterans Affairs; and
            (19) any other Federal agency as considered appropriate by 
        the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy.
    (d) Responsibilities.--The Interagency Committee shall--
            (1) provide for interagency coordination of Federal 
        artificial intelligence research, development, and 
        demonstration activities, development of voluntary consensus 
        standards and guidelines for research, development, testing, 
        and adoption of ethically developed, safe, and trustworthy 
        artificial intelligence systems, and education and training 
        activities and programs of Federal departments and agencies 
        undertaken pursuant to the Initiative;
            (2) not later than 2 years after the date of the enactment 
        of this Act, develop a strategic plan for artificial 
        intelligence (to be updated not less than every 3 years) that--
                    (A) establishes goals, priorities, and metrics for 
                guiding and evaluating the Initiative's activities; and
                    (B) describes how the agencies carrying out the 
                Initiative will--
                            (i) determine and prioritize areas of 
                        artificial intelligence research, development, 
                        and demonstration requiring Federal Government 
                        leadership and investment;
                            (ii) support long-term funding for 
                        interdisciplinary artificial intelligence 
                        research, development, demonstration, education 
                        and public outreach activities;
                            (iii) support research and other activities 
                        on ethical, legal, environmental, safety, 
                        security, and other appropriate societal issues 
                        related to artificial intelligence;
                            (iv) provide or facilitate the availability 
                        of curated, standardized, secure, 
                        representative, and privacy-protected data sets 
                        for artificial intelligence research and 
                        development;
                            (v) provide or facilitate the necessary 
                        computing, networking, and data facilities for 
                        artificial intelligence research and 
                        development;
                            (vi) reduce barriers to transferring 
                        artificial intelligence systems from the 
                        laboratory into application for the benefit of 
                        society and United States competitiveness;
                            (vii) support and coordinate the network of 
                        artificial intelligence research institutes 
                        described in section 201(b)(7)(B); and
                            (viii) in consultation with the Council of 
                        Economic Advisers, measure and track the 
                        contributions of artificial intelligence to 
                        United States economic growth and other 
                        societal indicators;
            (3) propose an annually coordinated interagency budget for 
        the Initiative to the Office of Management and Budget that is 
        intended to ensure that the balance of funding across the 
        Initiative is sufficient to meet the goals and priorities 
        established for the Initiative; and
            (4) in carrying out this section, take into consideration 
        the recommendations of the Advisory Committee, existing reports 
        on related topics, and the views of academic, State, industry, 
        and other appropriate groups.
    (e) Annual Report.--For each fiscal year beginning with fiscal year 
2022, not later than 90 days after submission of the President's annual 
budget request for such fiscal year, the Interagency Committee shall 
prepare and submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology 
of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, 
and Transportation of the Senate a report that includes--
            (1) a summarized budget in support of the Initiative for 
        such fiscal year and the preceding fiscal year, including a 
        disaggregation of spending for each Federal agency 
        participating in the Initiative and for the development and 
        acquisition of any research facilities and instrumentation; and
            (2) an assessment of how Federal agencies are implementing 
        the plan described in subsection (d)(2), and a description of 
        those efforts.

SEC. 104. NATIONAL ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ADVISORY COMMITTEE.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary of Energy shall, in consultation 
with the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy, 
establish an advisory committee to be known as the ``National 
Artificial Intelligence Advisory Committee''.
    (b) Qualifications.--The Advisory Committee shall consist of 
members, appointed by the Secretary of Energy, who are representing 
broad and interdisciplinary expertise and perspectives, including from 
academic institutions, companies across diverse sectors, nonprofit and 
civil society entities, and Federal laboratories, that are qualified to 
provide advice and information on science and technology research, 
development, ethics, standards, education, technology transfer, 
commercial application, security, and economic competitiveness related 
to artificial intelligence.
    (c) Membership Consideration.--In selecting the members of the 
Advisory Committee, the Secretary of Energy may seek and give 
consideration to recommendations from the Congress, industry, nonprofit 
organizations, the scientific community (including the National Academy 
of Sciences, scientific professional societies, and academic 
institutions), the defense community, and other appropriate 
organizations.
    (d) Duties.--The Advisory Committee shall advise the President and 
the Initiative Office on matters related to the Initiative, including 
recommendations related to--
            (1) the current state of United States competitiveness and 
        leadership in artificial intelligence, including the scope and 
        scale of United States investments in artificial intelligence 
        research and development in the international context;
            (2) the progress made in implementing the Initiative, 
        including a review of the degree to which the Initiative has 
        achieved the goals under the metrics established by the 
        Interagency Committee under section 103(d)(2);
            (3) the state of the science around artificial 
        intelligence, including progress towards artificial general 
        intelligence;
            (4) the need to update the Initiative;
            (5) the balance of activities and funding across the 
        Initiative;
            (6) whether the strategic plan developed or updated by the 
        Interagency Committee established under section 103(d)(2) is 
        helping to maintain United States leadership in artificial 
        intelligence;
            (7) the management, coordination, and activities of the 
        Initiative;
            (8) whether ethical, legal, safety, security, and other 
        appropriate societal issues are adequately addressed by the 
        Initiative; and
            (9) opportunities for international cooperation with 
        strategic allies on artificial intelligence research activities 
        and standards development.
    (e) Reports.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment 
of this Act, and not less frequently than once every 3 years 
thereafter, the Advisory Committee shall submit to the President, the 
Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of 
Representatives, and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
Transportation of the Senate, a report on the Advisory Committee's 
findings and recommendations under subsection (d).
    (f) Travel Expenses of Non-Federal Members.--Non-Federal members of 
the Advisory Committee, while attending meetings of the Advisory 
Committee or while otherwise serving at the request of the head of the 
Advisory Committee away from their homes or regular places of business, 
may be allowed travel expenses, including per diem in lieu of 
subsistence, as authorized by section 5703 of title 5, United States 
Code, for individuals in the Government serving without pay. Nothing in 
this subsection shall be construed to prohibit members of the Advisory 
Committee who are officers or employees of the United States from being 
allowed travel expenses, including per diem in lieu of subsistence, in 
accordance with existing law.
    (g) FACA Exemption.--The Secretary of Energy shall charter the 
Advisory Committee in accordance with the Federal Advisory Committee 
Act (5 U.S.C. App.), except that the Advisory Committee shall be exempt 
from section 14 of such Act.

SEC. 105. NATIONAL ACADEMIES ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IMPACT STUDY ON 
              WORKFORCE.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the National Science Foundation shall enter into 
a contract with the National Research Council of the National Academies 
of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to conduct a study of the 
current and future impact of artificial intelligence on the workforce 
of the United States across sectors.
    (b) Contents.--The study shall address--
            (1) workforce impacts across sectors caused by the 
        increased adoption of artificial intelligence, automation, and 
        other related trends;
            (2) workforce needs and employment opportunities generated 
        by the increased adoption of artificial intelligence across 
        sectors;
            (3) research gaps and data needed to better understand and 
        track both workforce impacts and workforce needs and 
        opportunities generated by adoption of artificial intelligence 
        systems across sectors; and
            (4) recommendations to address the challenges and 
        opportunities described in paragraphs (1), (2), and (3).
    (c) Stakeholders.--In conducting the study, the National Academies 
of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine shall seek input from a wide 
range of stakeholders in the public and private sectors.
    (d) Report to Congress.--The contract entered into under subsection 
(a) shall require the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and 
Medicine, not later than 2 years after the date of the enactment of 
this Act, to--
            (1) submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and 
        Technology of the House of Representatives and the Committee on 
        Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate a report 
        containing the findings and recommendations of the study 
        conducted under subsection (a); and
            (2) make a copy of such report available on a publicly 
        accessible website.

SEC. 106. GAO REPORT ON COMPUTATIONAL NEEDS.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of the United States 
shall conduct a study of artificial intelligence computer hardware and 
computing required in order to maintain U.S. leadership in artificial 
intelligence research and development. The Comptroller General shall--
            (1) assess the composition of civilian computing resources 
        supported by the Federal Government at universities and Federal 
        Laboratories, including programs with laboratory computing, 
        high performance computing, cloud computing, quantum computing, 
        edge computing, and other computing resources;
            (2) evaluate projected needs for computing consumption and 
        performance required by the public and private sector for the 
        training, auditing, validation, testing, and use of artificial 
        intelligence over the next five years; and
            (3) offer recommendations to meet these projected needs.

     TITLE II--NATIONAL ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE RESEARCH INSTITUTES

SEC. 201. NATIONAL ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE RESEARCH INSTITUTES.

    (a) In General.--As part of the Initiative, the Director of the 
National Science Foundation shall establish a program to award 
financial assistance for the planning, establishment, and support of 
Institutes (as described in subsection (b)(2)) in accordance with this 
section.
    (b) Financial Assistance To Establish and Support National 
Artificial Intelligence Research Institutes.--
            (1) In general.--Under the Initiative, the Secretary of 
        Energy, the Secretary of Commerce, the Director of the National 
        Science Foundation, and every other agency head may award 
        financial assistance to an eligible entity, or consortia 
        thereof, as determined by an agency head, to establish and 
        support an Institute.
            (2) Artificial intelligence institutes.--An Institute 
        described in this subsection is an artificial intelligence 
        research institute that--
                    (A) is focused on--
                            (i) a particular economic or social sector, 
                        including health, education, manufacturing, 
                        agriculture, security, energy, and environment, 
                        and includes a component that addresses the 
                        ethical, societal, safety, and security 
                        implications relevant to the application of 
                        artificial intelligence in that sector; or
                            (ii) a cross-cutting challenge for 
                        artificial intelligence systems, including 
                        trustworthiness, or foundational science;
                    (B) requires partnership among public and private 
                organizations, including, as appropriate, Federal 
                agencies, research universities, community colleges, 
                nonprofit research organizations, Federal laboratories, 
                State, local, and tribal governments, and industry (or 
                consortia thereof);
                    (C) has the potential to create an innovation 
                ecosystem, or enhance existing ecosystems, to translate 
                Institute research into applications and products, as 
                appropriate to the topic of each Institute;
                    (D) supports interdisciplinary research and 
                development across multiple institutions and 
                organizations involved in artificial intelligence 
                research and related disciplines, including physics, 
                engineering, mathematical sciences, computer and 
                information science, robotics, biological and cognitive 
                sciences, material science, social and behavioral 
                sciences, cybersecurity, and technology ethics;
                    (E) supports interdisciplinary education 
                activities, including curriculum development, research 
                experiences, and faculty professional development 
                across two-year, undergraduates, masters, and doctoral 
                level programs; and
                    (F) supports workforce development in artificial 
                intelligence related disciplines in the United States, 
                including broadening participation of underrepresented 
                communities.
            (3) Use of funds.--Financial assistance awarded under 
        paragraph (1) may be used by an Institute for--
                    (A) managing and making available to researchers 
                accessible, curated, standardized, secure, and privacy 
                protected data sets from the public and private sectors 
                for the purposes of training and testing artificial 
                intelligence systems and for research using artificial 
                intelligence systems, pursuant to section 301(b) and 
                301(c);
                    (B) developing and managing testbeds for artificial 
                intelligence systems, including sector-specific test 
                beds, designed to enable users to evaluate artificial 
                intelligence systems prior to deployment;
                    (C) conducting research and education activities 
                involving artificial intelligence systems to solve 
                challenges with social, economic, health, scientific, 
                and national security implications;
                    (D) providing or brokering access to computing 
                resources, networking, and data facilities for 
                artificial intelligence research and development 
                relevant to the Institute's research goals;
                    (E) providing technical assistance to users, 
                including software engineering support, for artificial 
                intelligence research and development relevant to the 
                Institute's research goals;
                    (F) engaging in outreach and engagement to broaden 
                participation in artificial intelligence research and 
                workforce; and
                    (G) such other activities that an agency head, 
                whose agency's missions contribute to or are affected 
                by artificial intelligence, considers consistent with 
                the purposes described in section 101(a).
            (4) Duration.--
                    (A) Initial periods.--An award of financial 
                assistance under paragraph (1) shall be awarded for an 
                initial period of 5 years.
                    (B) Extension.--An established Institute may apply 
                for, and the agency head may grant, extended funding 
                for periods of 5 years on a merit-reviewed basis using 
                the merit review criteria of the sponsoring agency.
            (5) Application for financial assistance.--
                    (A) In general.--A person or group of persons 
                seeking financial assistance under paragraph (1) shall 
                submit to an agency head an application at such time, 
                in such manner, and containing such information as the 
                agency head may require.
                    (B) Requirements.--An application submitted under 
                subparagraph (A) for an Institute shall, at a minimum, 
                include the following:
                            (i) A plan for the Institute to include--
                                    (I) the proposed goals and 
                                activities of the Institute;
                                    (II) how the Institute will form 
                                partnerships with other research 
                                institutions, industry, and nonprofits 
                                to leverage expertise in artificial 
                                intelligence and access to data, 
                                including non-governmental data and 
                                computing resources;
                                    (III) how the institute will 
                                support long-term and short-term 
                                education and workforce development in 
                                artificial intelligence, including 
                                broadening participation of 
                                underrepresented communities; and
                                    (IV) a plan for how the Institute 
                                will transition from planning into 
                                operations.
                            (ii) A description of the anticipated 
                        sources and nature of any non-Federal 
                        contributions, including privately held data 
                        sets, computing resources, and other types of 
                        in-kind support.
                            (iii) A description of the anticipated 
                        long-term impact of such Institute.
            (6) Competitive, merit review.--In awarding financial 
        assistance under paragraph (1), the agency head shall--
                    (A) use a competitive, merit review process that 
                includes peer review by a diverse group of individuals 
                with relevant expertise from both the private and 
                public sectors; and
                    (B) ensure the focus areas of the Institute do not 
                substantially duplicate the efforts of any other 
                Institute.
            (7) Collaboration.--
                    (A) In general.--In awarding financial assistance 
                under paragraph (1), an agency head may collaborate 
                with Federal departments and agencies whose missions 
                contribute to or are affected by artificial 
                intelligence systems, including the agencies outlined 
                in section 103(c).
                    (B) Coordinating network.--The Director of the 
                National Science Foundation shall establish a network 
                of Institutes receiving financial assistance under this 
                subsection, to be known as the ``Artificial 
                Intelligence Leadership Network'', to coordinate cross-
                cutting research and other activities carried out by 
                the Institutes.
                    (C) Funding.--The head of an agency may request, 
                accept, and provide funds from other Federal 
                departments and agencies, State, United States 
                territory, local, or tribal government agencies, 
                private sector for-profit entities, and nonprofit 
                entities, to be available to the extent provided by 
                appropriations Acts, to support an Institute's 
                activities. The head of an agency may not give any 
                special consideration to any agency or entity in return 
                for a donation.

 TITLE III--NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY ARTIFICIAL 
                        INTELLIGENCE ACTIVITIES

SEC. 301. NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY ACTIVITIES.

    (a) In General.--As part of the Initiative, the Director of the 
National Institute of Standards and Technology shall--
            (1) support measurement research and development of best 
        practices and voluntary standards for trustworthy artificial 
        intelligence systems, including for--
                    (A) privacy and security, including for datasets 
                used to train or test artificial intelligence systems 
                and software and hardware used in artificial 
                intelligence systems;
                    (B) advanced computer chips and hardware designed 
                for artificial intelligence systems;
                    (C) data management and techniques to increase the 
                usability of data, including strategies to 
                systematically clean, label, and standardize data into 
                forms useful for training artificial intelligence 
                systems and the use of common, open licenses;
                    (D) safety and robustness of artificial 
                intelligence systems, including assurance, 
                verification, validation, security, control, and the 
                ability for artificial intelligence systems to 
                withstand unexpected inputs and adversarial attacks;
                    (E) auditing mechanisms and benchmarks for 
                accuracy, transparency, verifiability, and safety 
                assurance for artificial intelligence systems;
                    (F) applications of machine learning and artificial 
                intelligence systems to improve other scientific fields 
                and engineering; and
                    (G) all other areas deemed by the Director to be 
                critical to the development and deployment of 
                trustworthy artificial intelligence;
            (2) produce curated, standardized, representative, secure, 
        and privacy protected data sets for artificial intelligence 
        research, development, and use, prioritizing data for high-
        value, high-risk research;
            (3) support one or more institutes as described in section 
        201(a) of this Act for the purpose of advancing the field of 
        artificial intelligence;
            (4) support and strategically engage in the development of 
        voluntary consensus standards, including international 
        standards, through open, transparent, and consensus-based 
        processes; and
            (5) enter into and perform such contracts, including 
        cooperative research and development arrangements and grants 
        and cooperative agreements or other transactions, as may be 
        necessary in the conduct of the work of the National Institute 
        of Standards and Technology and on such terms as the Director 
        considers appropriate, in furtherance of the purposes of this 
        Act.
    (b) Risk Management Framework.--Not later than 2 years after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Director shall work to develop, 
and periodically update, in collaboration with other public and private 
sector organizations, including the National Science Foundation and the 
Department of Energy, a voluntary risk management framework for the 
trustworthiness of artificial intelligence systems. The framework 
shall--
            (1) identify and provide standards, guidelines, best 
        practices, methodologies, procedures, and processes for 
        assessing the trustworthiness of, and mitigating risks to, 
        artificial intelligence systems;
            (2) establish common definitions and characterizations for 
        aspects and levels of trustworthiness, including 
        explainability, transparency, safety, privacy, security, 
        robustness, fairness, bias, ethics, validation, verification, 
        and other properties related to artificial intelligence systems 
        that are common across all sectors;
            (3) provide guidance and implementation steps for risk 
        management of artificial intelligence systems;
            (4) provide sector-specific case studies of implementation 
        of the framework;
            (5) align with voluntary consensus standards, including 
        international standards, to the fullest extent possible;
            (6) incorporate voluntary consensus standards and industry 
        best practices; and
            (7) not prescribe or otherwise require--
                    (A) the use of specific solutions; or
                    (B) the use of specific information or 
                communications technology products or services.
    (c) Data Sharing Best Practices.--Not later than 1 year after the 
date of enactment of this Act, the Director shall, in collaboration 
with other public and private sector organizations, develop guidance to 
facilitate the creation of voluntary data sharing arrangements between 
industry, federally funded research centers, and Federal agencies for 
the purpose of advancing artificial intelligence research and 
technologies, including--
            (1) options for partnership models between government 
        entities, industry, universities, and nonprofits that 
        incentivize each party to share the data they collected; and
            (2) best practices for datasets involving human 
        characteristics, including--
                    (A) standards for metadata that describe the 
                properties of datasets, including--
                            (i) how the data was collected;
                            (ii) what populations are included and 
                        excluded from the datasets; and
                            (iii) any other properties as determined by 
                        the Director; and
                    (B) standards for privacy and security of datasets 
                with human characteristics.
    (d) Stakeholder Outreach.--In carrying out the activities under 
this subsection, the Director shall--
            (1) solicit input from university researchers, private 
        sector experts, relevant Federal agencies, Federal 
        laboratories, State and local governments, civil society 
        groups, and other relevant stakeholders;
            (2) solicit input from experts in relevant fields of social 
        science, technology ethics, and law; and
            (3) provide opportunity for public comment on guidelines 
        and best practices developed as part of the Initiative, as 
        appropriate.
    (e) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to the National Institute of Standards and Technology to 
carry out this subsection--
            (1) $64,000,000 for fiscal year 2021;
            (2) $70,400,000 for fiscal year 2022;
            (3) $77,440,000 for fiscal year 2023;
            (4) $85,180,000 for fiscal year 2024; and
            (5) $93,700,000 for fiscal year 2025.

     TITLE IV--NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE 
                               ACTIVITIES

SEC. 401. ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE RESEARCH AND EDUCATION.

    (a) In General.--As part of the Initiative, the Director of the 
National Science Foundation shall fund research and education 
activities in artificial intelligence systems and related fields, 
including competitive awards or grants to institutions of higher 
education or eligible nonprofit organizations (or consortia thereof).
    (b) Uses of Funds.--In carrying out the activities under subsection 
(a), the Director of the National Science Foundation shall--
            (1) support research, including interdisciplinary research 
        on artificial intelligence systems and related areas;
            (2) support collaborations among researchers across 
        disciplines, including between social scientists and computer 
        and data scientists, to advance research critical to the 
        development and deployment of trustworthy artificial 
        intelligence systems, including support for interdisciplinary 
        research relating advances in artificial intelligence to 
        changes in the future workplace, in a social and economic 
        context;
            (3) use the existing programs of the National Science 
        Foundation, in collaboration with other Federal departments and 
        agencies, as appropriate to--
                    (A) improve the teaching and learning of artificial 
                intelligence systems at all levels of education; and
                    (B) increase participation in artificial 
                intelligence related fields, including by individuals 
                identified in sections 33 and 34 of the Science and 
                Engineering Equal Opportunity Act (42 U.S.C. 1885a, 
                1885b);
            (4) engage with institutions of higher education, research 
        communities, industry, Federal laboratories, nonprofit 
        organizations, State and local governments, and potential users 
        of information produced under this section, including through 
        the convening of workshops and conferences, to leverage the 
        collective body of knowledge across disciplines relevant to 
        artificial intelligence, facilitate new collaborations and 
        partnerships, and identify emerging research needs;
            (5) support partnerships among institutions of higher 
        education and industry that facilitate collaborative research, 
        personnel exchanges, and workforce development with respect to 
        artificial intelligence systems;
            (6) ensure adequate access to research and education 
        infrastructure with respect to artificial intelligence systems, 
        including through the development of new computing resources 
        and partnership with the private sector for the provision of 
        cloud-based computing services;
            (7) conduct prize competitions, as appropriate, pursuant to 
        section 24 of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 
        1980 (15 U.S.C. 3719);
            (8) coordinate research efforts funded through existing 
        programs across the directorates of the National Science 
        Foundation;
            (9) provide guidance on data sharing by grantees to public 
        and private sector organizations consistent with the standards 
        and guidelines developed under section 301(c); and
            (10) evaluate opportunities for international collaboration 
        with strategic allies on artificial intelligence research and 
        development.
    (c) Artificial Intelligence Research Grants.--
            (1) In general.--The Director shall award grants for 
        research on artificial intelligence systems. Research areas may 
        include--
                    (A) artificial intelligence systems, including 
                machine learning, computer vision, robotics, and 
                hardware for accelerating artificial intelligence 
                systems;
                    (B) artificial intelligence-enabled systems;
                    (C) fields and research areas that will contribute 
                to the advancement of artificial intelligence systems, 
                including information theory, causal and statistical 
                inference, data mining, information extraction, human-
                robot interaction, and intelligent interfaces;
                    (D) fields and research areas that increase 
                understanding of human characteristics relevant to 
                artificial intelligence systems, including 
                computational neuroscience, reasoning and 
                representation, speech and language, multi-agent 
                systems, intelligent interfaces, human-artificial 
                intelligence cooperation, and artificial intelligence-
                augmented human problem solving;
                    (E) fields and research areas that increase 
                understanding of learning, adaptability, and resilience 
                beyond the human cognitive model, including topics in 
                developmental biology, zoology, botany, morphological 
                computation, and organismal systems;
                    (F) fields and research areas that will contribute 
                to the development and deployment of trustworthy 
                artificial intelligence systems, including--
                            (i) algorithmic explainability;
                            (ii) methods to assess, characterize, and 
                        reduce bias in datasets and artificial 
                        intelligence systems; and
                            (iii) safety and robustness of artificial 
                        intelligence systems, including assurance, 
                        verification, validation, security, and 
                        control;
                    (G) privacy and security, including for datasets 
                used for the training and inference of artificial 
                intelligence systems, and software and hardware used in 
                artificial intelligence systems;
                    (H) fields and research areas that address the 
                application of artificial intelligence systems to 
                scientific discovery and societal challenges;
                    (I) societal, ethical, safety, education, 
                workforce, and security implications of artificial 
                intelligence systems, including social impact of 
                artificial intelligence systems on different groups 
                within society, especially historically marginalized 
                groups; and
                    (J) qualitative and quantitative forecasting of 
                future capabilities, applications, and impacts.
            (2) Engineering support.--In soliciting proposals for 
        funding under this section, the Director shall permit 
        applicants to include in their proposed budgets funding for 
        software engineering support to assist with the proposed 
        research.
            (3) Ethics.--
                    (A) Sense of congress.--It is the sense of Congress 
                that--
                            (i) a number of emerging areas of research, 
                        including artificial intelligence, have 
                        potential ethical, social, safety, and security 
                        implications that might be apparent as early as 
                        the basic research stage;
                            (ii) the incorporation of ethical, social, 
                        safety, and security considerations into the 
                        research design and review process for Federal 
                        awards may help mitigate potential harms before 
                        they happen;
                            (iii) the National Science Foundation's 
                        intent to enter into an agreement with the 
                        National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, 
                        and Medicine to conduct a study and make 
                        recommendations with respect to governance of 
                        research in emerging technologies is a positive 
                        step toward accomplishing this goal; and
                            (iv) the National Science Foundation should 
                        continue to work with stakeholders to 
                        understand and adopt policies that promote best 
                        practices for governance of research in 
                        emerging technologies at every stage of 
                        research.
                    (B) Ethics statements.--
                            (i) In general.--Not later than 18 months 
                        after the date of enactment of this Act, the 
                        Director shall amend grant proposal 
                        instructions to include a requirement for an 
                        ethics statement to be included as part of any 
                        proposal for funding prior to making the award. 
                        Such statement shall be considered by the 
                        Director in the review of proposals, taking 
                        into consideration any relevant input from the 
                        peer-reviewers for the proposal, and shall 
                        factor into award decisions as deemed necessary 
                        by the Director.
                            (ii) Contents.--Such statements may 
                        include, as appropriate--
                                    (I) the potential societal benefits 
                                of the research;
                                    (II) any foreseeable or 
                                quantifiable risks to society, 
                                including how the research could enable 
                                products, technologies, or other 
                                outcomes that could intentionally or 
                                unintentionally cause significant 
                                societal harm; and
                                    (III) how technical or social 
                                solutions can mitigate such risks and, 
                                as appropriate, a plan to implement 
                                such mitigation measures.
                            (iii) Guidance.--The Director shall issue 
                        clear guidance on what constitutes a 
                        foreseeable or quantifiable risk described in 
                        clause (ii)(II), and to the extent practical 
                        harmonize this policy with existing ethical 
                        policies or related requirements for human 
                        subjects.
                            (iv) Annual reports.--The Director shall 
                        encourage grantees to update their ethics 
                        statements as appropriate as part of the annual 
                        reports required by all grantees under the 
                        grant terms and conditions.
    (d) Education.--
            (1) In general.--The Director of the National Science 
        Foundation shall award grants for education programs at the K-
        12, community college, undergraduate, graduate, postdoctoral, 
        adult learning, and retraining stages of education that--
                    (A) support the development of a diverse workforce 
                pipeline for science and technology with respect to 
                artificial intelligence systems;
                    (B) increase awareness of ethical, social, safety, 
                and security implications of artificial intelligence 
                systems; and
                    (C) promote the widespread understanding of 
                artificial intelligence principles and methods to 
                create an educated workforce and general public able to 
                use products enabled by artificial intelligence systems 
                and adapt to future societal and economic changes 
                caused by artificial intelligence systems.
            (2) Use of funds.--Grants awarded under this section for 
        education activities referred to in paragraph (1) may be used 
        for--
                    (A) K-12, undergraduate, and community college 
                curriculum development and other educational tools and 
                methods in artificial intelligence related fields;
                    (B) curriculum development in the field of 
                technology ethics;
                    (C) support for informal education activities for 
                K-12 students to engage with artificial intelligence 
                systems;
                    (D) efforts to achieve equitable access to K-12 
                artificial intelligence education for populations and 
                geographic areas traditionally underrepresented in the 
                artificial intelligence field;
                    (E) training and professional development programs, 
                including innovative pre-service and in-service 
                programs, in artificial intelligence and related fields 
                for K-12 teachers;
                    (F) efforts to improve the retention rate for 
                researchers focusing on artificial intelligence systems 
                at institutions of higher learning and other nonprofit 
                research institutions;
                    (G) outreach programs to educate the general public 
                about the uses of artificial intelligence and its 
                societal implications;
                    (H) assessments of activities conducted under this 
                subsection; and
                    (I) any other relevant activities the Director 
                determines will accomplish the aim described in 
                paragraph (1).
            (3) Artificial intelligence traineeships and fellowships.--
                    (A) Artificial intelligence traineeships.--
                            (i) In general.--The Director of the 
                        National Science Foundation shall award grants 
                        to institutions of higher education to 
                        establish traineeship programs for graduate 
                        students who pursue artificial intelligence-
                        related research leading to a masters or 
                        doctorate degree by providing funding and other 
                        assistance, and by providing graduate students 
                        opportunities for research experiences in 
                        government or industry related to the students' 
                        artificial intelligence studies.
                            (ii) Use of funds.--An institution of 
                        higher education shall use grant funds provided 
                        under clause (i) for the purposes of--
                                    (I) providing traineeships to 
                                students who are pursuing research in 
                                artificial intelligence leading to a 
                                masters or doctorate degree;
                                    (II) paying tuition and fees for 
                                students receiving traineeships who are 
                                citizens, nationals, or lawfully 
                                admitted permanent resident aliens of 
                                the United States;
                                    (III) creating and requiring 
                                courses or training programs in 
                                technology ethics for students 
                                receiving traineeships;
                                    (IV) creating opportunities for 
                                research in technology ethics for 
                                students receiving traineeships;
                                    (V) establishing scientific 
                                internship programs for students 
                                receiving traineeships in artificial 
                                intelligence at for-profit 
                                institutions, nonprofit research 
                                institutions, or government 
                                laboratories; and
                                    (VI) other costs associated with 
                                the administration of the program.
                    (B) Artificial intelligence fellowships.--The 
                Director of the National Science Foundation shall award 
                fellowships to masters and doctoral students and 
                postdoctoral researchers at institutions of higher 
                education who are pursuing degrees or research in 
                artificial intelligence and related fields, including 
                in the field of technology ethics. In making such 
                awards, the Director shall--
                            (i) ensure recipients of artificial 
                        intelligence fellowships are citizens, 
                        nationals, or lawfully admitted permanent 
                        resident aliens of the United States; and
                            (ii) conduct outreach, including through 
                        formal solicitations, to solicit proposals from 
                        students and postdoctoral researchers seeking 
                        to carry out research in aspects of technology 
                        ethics with relevance to artificial 
                        intelligence systems.
    (e) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to the National Science Foundation to carry out this 
section--
            (1) $868,000,000 for fiscal year 2021;
            (2) $911,400,000 for fiscal year 2022;
            (3) $956,970,000 for fiscal year 2023;
            (4) $1,004,820,000 for fiscal year 2024; and
            (5) $1,055,060,000 for fiscal year 2025.

 TITLE V--DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE RESEARCH PROGRAM

SEC. 501. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE RESEARCH 
              PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary shall carry out a cross-cutting 
research and development program to advance artificial intelligence 
tools, systems, capabilities, and workforce needs and to improve the 
reliability of artificial intelligence methods and solutions relevant 
to the mission of the Department. In carrying out this program, the 
Secretary shall coordinate across all relevant offices and programs at 
the Department, including the Office of Science, the Office of Energy 
Efficiency and Renewable Energy, the Office of Nuclear Energy, the 
Office of Fossil Energy, the Office of Electricity, the Office of 
Cybersecurity, Energy Security, and Emergency Response, the Advanced 
Research Projects Agency-Energy, and any other relevant office 
determined by the Secretary.
    (b) Research Areas.--In carrying out the program under subsection 
(a), the Secretary shall award financial assistance to eligible 
entities to carry out research projects on topics including--
            (1) the application of artificial intelligence systems to 
        improve large-scale simulations of natural and other phenomena;
            (2) the study of applied mathematics, computer science, and 
        statistics, including foundations of methods and systems of 
        artificial intelligence, causal and statistical inference, and 
        the development of algorithms for artificial intelligence 
        systems;
            (3) the analysis of existing large-scale datasets from 
        science and engineering experiments and simulations, including 
        energy simulations and other priorities at the Department as 
        determined by the Secretary using artificial intelligence tools 
        and techniques;
            (4) the development of operation and control systems that 
        enhance automated, intelligent decisionmaking capabilities;
            (5) the development of advanced computing hardware and 
        computer architecture tailored to artificial intelligence 
        systems, including the codesign of networks and computational 
        hardware;
            (6) the development of standardized datasets for emerging 
        artificial intelligence research fields and applications, 
        including methods for addressing data scarcity; and
            (7) the development of trustworthy artificial intelligence 
        systems, including--
                    (A) algorithmic explainability;
                    (B) analytical methods for identifying and 
                mitigating bias in artificial intelligence systems; and
                    (C) safety and robustness, including assurance, 
                verification, validation, security, and control.
    (c) Technology Transfer.--In carrying out the program under 
subsection (a), the Secretary shall support technology transfer of 
artificial intelligence systems for the benefit of society and United 
States economic competitiveness.
    (d) Facility Use and Upgrades.--In carrying out the program under 
subsection (a), the Secretary shall--
            (1) make available high-performance computing 
        infrastructure at national laboratories;
            (2) make any upgrades necessary to enhance the use of 
        existing computing facilities for artificial intelligence 
        systems, including upgrades to hardware;
            (3) establish new computing capabilities necessary to 
        manage data and conduct high performance computing that enables 
        the use of artificial intelligence systems; and
            (4) maintain and improve, as needed, networking 
        infrastructure, data input and output mechanisms, and data 
        analysis, storage, and service capabilities.
    (e) Ethics.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 18 months after the date of 
        enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall amend grant proposal 
        instructions to include a requirement for an ethics statement 
        to be included as part of any proposal for funding prior to 
        making the award. Such statement shall be considered by the 
        Secretary in the review of proposals, taking into consideration 
        any relevant input from the peer-reviewers for the proposal, 
        and shall factor into award decisions as deemed necessary by 
        the Secretary. Such statements may include, as appropriate--
                    (A) the potential societal benefits of the 
                research;
                    (B) any foreseeable or quantifiable risks to 
                society, including how the research could enable 
                products, technologies, or other outcomes that could 
                intentionally or unintentionally cause significant 
                societal harm; and
                    (C) how technical or social solutions can mitigate 
                such risks and, as appropriate, a plan to implement 
                such mitigation measures.
            (2) Guidance.--The Secretary shall issue clear guidance on 
        what constitutes risks as described in section (1)(B), and to 
        the extent practical harmonize this policy with existing 
        ethical policies or related requirements for human subjects.
            (3) Annual reports.--The Secretary shall encourage awardees 
        to update their ethics statements as appropriate as part of the 
        annual reports required by all awardees under the grant terms 
        and conditions.
    (f) Risk Management.--The Secretary shall review agency policies 
for risk management in artificial intelligence related projects and 
issue as necessary policies and principles that are consistent with the 
framework developed under section 301(b).
    (g) Data Privacy and Sharing.--The Secretary shall review agency 
policies for data sharing with other public and private sector 
organizations and issue as necessary policies and principles that are 
consistent with the standards and guidelines submitted under section 
301(c). In addition, the Secretary shall establish a streamlined 
mechanism for approving research projects or partnerships that require 
sharing sensitive public or private data with the Department.
    (h) Partnerships With Other Federal Agencies.--The Secretary may 
request, accept, and provide funds from other Federal departments and 
agencies, State, United States territory, local, or Tribal government 
agencies, private sector for-profit entities, and nonprofit entities, 
to be available to the extent provided by appropriations Acts, to 
support a research project or partnership carried out under this 
section. The Secretary may not give any special consideration to any 
agency or entity in return for a donation.
    (i) Stakeholder Engagement.--In carrying out the activities 
authorized in this section, the Secretary shall--
            (1) collaborate with a range of stakeholders including 
        small businesses, institutes of higher education, industry, and 
        the National Laboratories;
            (2) leverage the collective body of knowledge from existing 
        artificial intelligence and machine learning research; and
            (3) engage with other Federal agencies, research 
        communities, and potential users of information produced under 
        this section.
    (j) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to the Department to carry out this section--
            (1) $200,000,000 for fiscal year 2021;
            (2) $214,000,000 for fiscal year 2022;
            (3) $228,980,000 for fiscal year 2023;
            (4) $245,000,000 for fiscal year 2024; and
            (5) $262,160,000 for fiscal year 2025.
    (k) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary 
        of Energy.
            (2) Department.--The term ``Department'' means the 
        Department of Energy.
            (3) National laboratory.--The term ``national laboratory'' 
        has the meaning given such term in section 2 of the Energy 
        Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 15801).
            (4) Eligible entities.--The term ``eligible entities'' 
        means--
                    (A) an institution of higher education;
                    (B) a National Laboratory;
                    (C) a Federal research agency;
                    (D) a State research agency;
                    (E) a nonprofit research organization;
                    (F) a private sector entity; or
                    (G) a consortium of 2 or more entities described in 
                subparagraph (A) through (F).
                                 <all>