[Congressional Bills 116th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 5685 Introduced in House (IH)]

<DOC>






116th CONGRESS
  2d Session
                                H. R. 5685

     To invest in basic scientific research and support technology 
innovation for the economic and national security of the United States, 
                        and for other purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                    IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

                            January 28, 2020

 Mr. Lucas (for himself, Mr. Weber of Texas, Mr. Babin, Mr. Marshall, 
 Mr. Baird, Mr. Gonzalez of Ohio, Mr. Waltz, Mr. Olson, Mr. Murphy of 
 North Carolina, Mr. Balderson, Mr. Posey, and Mr. Rooney of Florida) 
 introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on 
 Science, Space, and Technology, and in addition to the Committees on 
the Judiciary, Small Business, Natural Resources, and Foreign Affairs, 
for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case 
for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of 
                        the committee concerned

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
     To invest in basic scientific research and support technology 
innovation for the economic and national security of the United States, 
                        and for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Securing American Leadership in 
Science and Technology Act of 2020''.

SEC. 2. TABLE OF CONTENTS.

    The table of contents for this Act is as follows:

Sec. 1. Short title.
Sec. 2. Table of contents.
Sec. 3. Purposes.
TITLE I--NATIONAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY STRATEGY AND OFFICE OF SCIENCE 
                         AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY

          Subtitle A--National Science and Technology Strategy

Sec. 101. National science and technology strategy.
Sec. 102. Quadrennial science and technology review.
          Subtitle B--Office of Science and Technology Policy

Sec. 111. Authorization of appropriations.
Sec. 112. GAO study on Federal research security.
                     TITLE II--DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY

                     Subtitle A--Office of Science

Sec. 201. Definitions.
Sec. 202. Basic energy sciences.
Sec. 203. Advanced scientific computing research.
Sec. 204. High energy physics.
Sec. 205. Biological and environmental research.
Sec. 206. Fusion energy.
Sec. 207. Nuclear physics.
Sec. 208. Science laboratories infrastructure program.
Sec. 209. Authorization of appropriations.
          Subtitle B--Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy

Sec. 211. Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy.
              Subtitle C--DOE Clean Energy Infrastructure

Sec. 221. Regional Energy Innovation Centers.
Sec. 222. Versatile neutron source.
Sec. 223. Carbon utilization research and development infrastructure.
Sec. 224. Frontier Observatory for Research in Geothermal Energy.
Sec. 225. Advanced energy storage initiative.
Sec. 226. Critical infrastructure research and construction.
       TITLE III--NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY

Sec. 301. Findings.
Sec. 302. Authorization of appropriations.
Sec. 303. NIST Facilities Modernization Fund.
Sec. 304. Quantum information science.
Sec. 305. Cybersecurity research.
Sec. 306. Artificial intelligence and data science.
Sec. 307. Internet of things.
Sec. 308. Composites research.
Sec. 309. Enabling the future bioeconomy.
Sec. 310. International standards development.
Sec. 311. Review of the Center for Neutron Research.
Sec. 312. Hiring and management.
Sec. 313. National Institute of Standards and Technology Foundation.
Sec. 314. MEP outreach.
Sec. 315. Definitions.
       TITLE IV--NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION

Sec. 401. Establishment of a technology transfer office.
Sec. 402. Technology transfer and transitions assessment.
Sec. 403. National Mesonet Program.
Sec. 404. Severe weather extramural testbeds.
Sec. 405. Next generation digital radar.
Sec. 406. Fellowships.
Sec. 407. Authorization of appropriations.
                  TITLE V--NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION

Sec. 501. Authorization of appropriations.
Sec. 502. NSF organizational review.
Sec. 503. Ethics and security plans.
Sec. 504. Major research instrumentation update.
Sec. 505. NSF mid-scale project investments.
Sec. 506. Reproducibility in science.
Sec. 507. Public-private partnerships.
Sec. 508. EPSCoR.
Sec. 509. Computing Enclave Pilot Program.
Sec. 510. Definitions.
             TITLE VI--STEM WORKFORCE FOR THE 21ST CENTURY

Sec. 601. Findings; sense of Congress.
Sec. 602. Advanced technical education and skilled technical workforce.
Sec. 603. Graduate Research Fellowship Program update.
Sec. 604. Robert Noyce Teacher Scholarship Program Sense of Congress.
      TITLE VII--ANTARCTIC SCIENCE AND CONSERVATION MODERNIZATION

    Subtitle A--Antarctic Nongovernmental Activity Preparedness Act

Sec. 701. Congressional findings and declaration of purpose.
Sec. 702. Definitions.
Sec. 703. Obligation of persons organizing expeditions to prepare 
                            contingency plans and obtain insurance.
Sec. 704. Certification of Compliance.
Sec. 705. Costs and administrative fees.
Sec. 706. Foreign expeditions.
Sec. 707. Civil penalties.
Sec. 708. Regulations.
Sec. 709. Effective date.
       Subtitle B--Antarctic Environmental Liability Act of 2020

Sec. 711. Short title.
Sec. 712. Purpose.
Sec. 713. Implementing amendments.
Sec. 714. Effective date.
             TITLE VIII--TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER AND INNOVATION

Sec. 801. Federal laboratory computer programs update.
Sec. 802. Extend CRADA information protection period.
Sec. 803. Stevenson-Wydler Act authority update.
Sec. 804. Royalty payments to Federal employees update.
Sec. 805. Government intellectual property clarification.
Sec. 806. Clarifying CRADA authority.
Sec. 807. Expansion of agreements for commercializing technology 
                            authority.
Sec. 808. Other transaction authority.
Sec. 809. Nonprofit foundations.
Sec. 810. Improving reporting and metrics.
Sec. 811. Innovative approaches to technology transfer.
Sec. 812. DOE public-private partnerships for commercialization.

SEC. 3. PURPOSES.

    The purpose of this Act is to ensure the continued leadership of 
the United States in science and technology by--
            (1) providing for a coordinated national science and 
        technology strategy for the economic and national security of 
        the United States;
            (2) prioritizing investment in Federal basic research by 
        authorizing a doubling of basic research funding over the next 
        10 years at the Department of Energy, the National Science 
        Foundation, the National Institute of Standards and Technology, 
        and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration;
            (3) providing for investment in key areas necessary for the 
        competitiveness of the United States, including computing, 
        cybersecurity, artificial intelligence and autonomous 
        technology, materials and advanced manufacturing, energy and 
        climate, and the biosciences;
            (4) providing for investment in critical science and 
        technology infrastructure to maintain world-class research and 
        user facilities;
            (5) expanding the STEM workforce at all levels to meet the 
        demands of a 21st century economy;
            (6) promoting regional innovation to support local economic 
        growth across all regions of the United States;
            (7) maximizing the effectiveness of the Federal 
        Government's research and development activities;
            (8) promoting collaboration among the Federal Government, 
        Federal laboratories, universities, and industry; and
            (9) improving technology transfer from the Federal 
        Government and Federal laboratories to the private sector for 
        commercialization.

TITLE I--NATIONAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY STRATEGY AND OFFICE OF SCIENCE 
                         AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY

          Subtitle A--National Science and Technology Strategy

SEC. 101. NATIONAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY STRATEGY.

    Section 206 of the National Science and Technology Policy, 
Organization, and Priorities Act of 1976 (42 U.S.C. 6615) is amended to 
read as follows:

``SEC. 206. NATIONAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY STRATEGY.

    ``(a) In General.--Not later than the end of each calendar year 
immediately after the calendar year in which a review under section 
206b is completed, the Director of the Office of Science and Technology 
Policy, in consultation with the National Science and Technology 
Council, shall develop and submit to Congress a comprehensive national 
science and technology strategy of the United States to meet national 
research and development objectives for the following 4-year period (in 
this Act referred to as `the national science and technology 
strategy').
    ``(b) Requirements.--Each national science and technology strategy 
required by subsection (a) shall delineate a national science and 
technology strategy consistent with--
            ``(1) the recommendations and priorities developed by the 
        review established in section 206b;
            ``(2) the most recent national security strategy report 
        submitted pursuant to section 1032 of the National Defense 
        Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2012 (50 U.S.C. 3043);
            ``(3) other relevant national plans; and
            ``(4) the strategic plans of relevant Federal departments 
        and agencies.
    ``(c) Consultation.--The Director shall consult as necessary with 
the Office of Management and Budget and other appropriate elements of 
the Executive Office of the President to ensure that the 
recommendations and priorities delineated in the science and technology 
strategy are incorporated in the development of annual budget requests.
    ``(d) Report.--The President shall submit to Congress each year a 
comprehensive report on the national science and technology strategy of 
the United States. Each report on the national science and technology 
strategy of the United States shall include a description of--
            ``(1) strategic objectives and priorities necessary to 
        maintain the leadership of the United States in science and 
        technology, including near-term, medium-term, and long-term 
        research priorities;
            ``(2) programs, policies, and activities that the President 
        recommends across all Federal agencies to achieve the strategic 
        objectives in paragraph (1); and
            ``(3) global trends in science and technology, including 
        potential threats to the leadership of the United States in 
        science and technology.
    ``(e) Publication.--The Director shall, consistent with the 
protection of national security and other sensitive matters to the 
maximum extent practicable, make each report submitted under subsection 
(e) publicly available on an internet website of the Office of Science 
and Technology Policy.''.

SEC. 102. QUADRENNIAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY REVIEW.

    The National Science and Technology Policy, Organization, and 
Priorities Act of 1976 (42 U.S.C. 6601 et seq.) is amended by inserting 
after section 206:

``SEC. 206B. QUADRENNIAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY REVIEW.

    ``(a) Requirements.--
            ``(1) Quadrennial reviews required.--Not later than 
        December 31, 2020, and every 4 years thereafter, the Director 
        of the Office of Science and Technology Policy shall complete a 
        review of the science and technology enterprise of the United 
        States (in this section referred to as the `quadrennial science 
        and technology review').
            ``(2) Scope.--The quadrennial science and technology review 
        shall be a comprehensive examination of the science and 
        technology strategy of the United States, including 
        recommendations for maintaining global leadership in science 
        and technology and guidance on the coordination of programs, 
        assets, capabilities, budget, policies, and authorities across 
        all Federal research and development programs.
            ``(3) Consultation.--The Director of the Office of Science 
        and Technology shall conduct each quadrennial science and 
        technology review under this subsection in consultation with--
                    ``(A) the National Science and Technology Council;
                    ``(B) the heads of other relevant Federal agencies;
                    ``(C) the President's Council of Advisors on 
                Science and Technology;
                    ``(D) the National Science Board;
                    ``(E) the National Security Council; and
                    ``(F) other relevant governmental and 
                nongovernmental entities, including representatives 
                from industry, institutions of higher education, 
                nonprofit institutions, Members of Congress, and other 
                policy experts.
            ``(4) Coordination.--The Director shall ensure that each 
        quadrennial science and technology review conducted under this 
        section is coordinated with other relevant statutorily required 
        reviews, and to the maximum extent practicable incorporates 
        information and recommendations from existing reviews to avoid 
        duplication.
    ``(b) Contents.--In each quadrennial science and technology review, 
the Director shall--
            ``(1) provide an integrated view of, and recommendations 
        for, science and technology policy across the Federal 
        Government, while considering economic and national security;
            ``(2) assess and recommend priorities for research, 
        development and demonstration programs to maintain American 
        leadership in science and technology;
            ``(3) assess the global competition in science and 
        technology and identify potential threats to the leadership of 
        the United States in science and technology;
            ``(4) assess and make recommendations on the science, 
        technology, engineering, mathematics and computer science 
        workforce in the United States;
            ``(5) assess and make recommendations to improve regional 
        innovation across the United States;
            ``(6) assess and identify the infrastructure and tools 
        needed to maintain the leadership of the United States in 
        science and technology; and
            ``(7) review administrative or legislative policies that 
        affect the science and technology enterprise and identify and 
        make recommendations on policies that hinder research and 
        development in the United States.
    ``(c) Reporting.--
            ``(1) In general.--Not later than December 31 of the year 
        in which a quadrennial science and technology review is 
        conducted, the Director shall submit a report of the review to 
        Congress.
            ``(2) Publication.--The Director shall, consistent with the 
        protection of national security and other sensitive matters to 
        the maximum extent possible, make each report submitted under 
        paragraph (1) publicly available on an internet website of the 
        Office of Science and Technology Policy.''.

          Subtitle B--Office of Science and Technology Policy

SEC. 111. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    There are authorized to be appropriated for the Office of Science 
and Technology Policy--
            (1) $5,544,000 for fiscal year 2020;
            (2) $6,100,000 for fiscal year 2021;
            (3) $6,500,000 for fiscal year 2022;
            (4) $6,500,000 for fiscal year 2023;
            (5) $6,500,000 for fiscal year 2024;
            (6) $6,500,000 for fiscal year 2025;
            (7) $6,500,000 for fiscal year 2026;
            (8) $6,500,000 for fiscal year 2027;
            (9) $6,500,000 for fiscal year 2028; and
            (10) $6,500,000 for fiscal year 2029.

SEC. 112. GAO STUDY ON FEDERAL RESEARCH SECURITY.

    Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the 
Comptroller General shall transmit to the Congress a report detailing 
the results of a study on Federal science agency efforts to protect 
federally funded research and development from foreign interference, 
theft, or espionage. Such study shall include--
            (1) an inventory of current policies, procedures, and 
        guidance for protecting federally funded intramural and 
        extramural research from foreign interference, theft, or 
        espionage;
            (2) an inventory of policies and procedures for foreign 
        scientists participating in research or research administration 
        at Federal facilities, including Federal laboratories;
            (3) an inventory of known security breaches and other 
        similar incidents of foreign interference, theft, or espionage 
        of intramural research, merit-review panels, or other Federal 
        grant administration activities;
            (4) an assessment of the best practices at Federal agencies 
        for protecting federally funded research;
            (5) an assessment of interagency coordination efforts on 
        policies and procedures on research security;
            (6) an assessment of any potential consequences that any 
        agency practice would have on international collaboration and 
        United States leadership in science and technology; and
            (7) recommendations for further steps that agencies should 
        take to protect federally funded research from foreign 
        interference, theft or espionage.

                     TITLE II--DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY

                     Subtitle A--Office of Science

SEC. 201. DEFINITIONS.

    In this Act:
            (1) Department.--The term ``Department'' means the 
        Department of Energy.
            (2) Director.--The term ``Director'' means the Director of 
        the Office of Science of the Department.
            (3) National laboratory.--The term ``National Laboratory'' 
        has the meaning given that term in section 2 of the Energy 
        Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 15801).
            (4) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary 
        of Energy.

SEC. 202. BASIC ENERGY SCIENCES.

    (a) Program.--The Director shall carry out a fundamental research 
program in basic energy sciences, including materials sciences and 
engineering, chemical sciences, physical biosciences, and geosciences, 
in order to provide the foundations for new energy technologies and to 
support Department missions in energy, environment, and national 
security.
    (b) Basic Energy Sciences User Facilities.--Section 303(b)(3) of 
the Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18641) 
is amended--
            (1) in subparagraph (C), by striking ``and'';
            (2) by redesignating subparagraph (D) as subparagraph (E); 
        and
            (3) by inserting after subparagraph (C) the following:
                    ``(D) autonomous chemistry and materials synthesis 
                facilities that leverage advances in artificial 
                intelligence; and''.
    (c) Basic Energy Sciences Research Infrastructure.--
            (1) Advanced photon source upgrade.--
                    (A) In general.--The Secretary shall provide for 
                the upgrade to the Advanced Photon Source described in 
                the publication approved by the Basic Energy Sciences 
                Advisory Committee on June 9, 2016, titled ``Report on 
                Facility Upgrades'', including the development of a 
                multi-bend achromat lattice to produce a high flux of 
                coherent x-rays within the hard x-ray energy region and 
                a suite of beamlines optimized for this source.
                    (B) Definitions.--In this paragraph:
                            (i) Flux.--The term ``flux'' means the rate 
                        of flow of photons.
                            (ii) Hard x-ray.--The term ``hard x-ray'' 
                        means a photon with energy greater than 20 
                        kiloelectron volts.
                    (C) Start of operations.--The Secretary shall, to 
                the maximum extent practicable, ensure that the start 
                of full operations of the upgrade under this paragraph 
                occurs before March 31, 2026.
                    (D) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be 
                appropriated under section 209 for Basic Energy 
                Science, there shall be made available to the Secretary 
                to carry out the upgrade under this paragraph--
                            (i) $170,000,000 for fiscal year 2020;
                            (ii) $159,800,000 for fiscal year 2021;
                            (iii) $106,200,000 for fiscal year 2022; 
                        and
                            (iv) $5,000,000 for fiscal year 2023.
            (2) Spallation neutron source proton power upgrade.--
                    (A) In general.--The Secretary shall provide for a 
                proton power upgrade to the Spallation Neutron Source.
                    (B) Proton power upgrade defined.--For the purposes 
                of this paragraph, the term ``proton power upgrade'' 
                means the Spallation Neutron Source power upgrade 
                described in--
                            (i) the publication of the Office of 
                        Science of the Department of Energy titled 
                        ``Facilities for the Future of Science: A 
                        Twenty-Year Outlook'', published December 2003;
                            (ii) the publication of the Office of 
                        Science of the Department of Energy titled 
                        ``Four Years Later: An Interim Report on 
                        Facilities for the Future of Science: A Twenty-
                        Year Outlook'', published August 2007; and
                            (iii) the publication approved by the Basic 
                        Energy Sciences Advisory Committee on June 9, 
                        2016, titled ``Report on Facility Upgrades''.
                    (C) Start of operations.--The Secretary shall, to 
                the maximum extent practicable, ensure that the start 
                of full operations of the upgrade under this paragraph 
                occurs before December 31, 2025.
                    (D) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be 
                appropriated under section 209 for Basic Energy 
                Science, there shall be made available to the Secretary 
                to carry out the upgrade under this paragraph--
                            (i) $65,000,000 for fiscal year 2020;
                            (ii) $44,000,000 for fiscal year 2021; and
                            (iii) $35,000,000 for fiscal year 2022.
            (3) Spallation neutron source second target station.--
                    (A) In general.--The Secretary shall provide for a 
                second target station for the Spallation Neutron 
                Source.
                    (B) Definition of second target station.--For the 
                purposes of this paragraph, the term ``second target 
                station'' means the Spallation Neutron Source second 
                target station described in--
                            (i) the publication of the Office of 
                        Science of the Department of Energy titled 
                        ``Facilities for the Future of Science: A 
                        Twenty-Year Outlook'', published December 2003;
                            (ii) the publication of the Office of 
                        Science of the Department of Energy titled 
                        ``Four Years Later: An Interim Report on 
                        Facilities for the Future of Science: A Twenty-
                        Year Outlook'', published August 2007; and
                            (iii) the publication approved by the Basic 
                        Energy Sciences Advisory Committee on June 9, 
                        2016, titled ``Report on Facility Upgrades''.
                    (C) Start of operations.--The Secretary shall, to 
                the maximum extent practicable, ensure that the start 
                of full operations of the second target station under 
                this paragraph occurs before December 31, 2030, with 
                the option for early operation in 2028.
                    (D) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be 
                appropriated under section 209 for Basic Energy 
                Science, there shall be made available to the Secretary 
                to carry out activities, including construction, under 
                this paragraph--
                            (i) $15,000,000 for fiscal year 2020;
                            (ii) $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2021;
                            (iii) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2022;
                            (iv) $200,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                            (v) $275,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                            (vi) $275,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
                            (vii) $275,000,000 for fiscal year 2026;
                            (viii) $250,000,000 for fiscal year 2027; 
                        and
                            (ix) $120,000,000 for fiscal year 2028.
            (4) Advanced light source upgrade.--
                    (A) In general.--The Secretary shall provide for 
                the upgrade to the Advanced Light Source described in 
                the publication approved by the Basic Energy Sciences 
                Advisory Committee on June 9, 2016, titled ``Report on 
                Facility Upgrades'', including the development of a 
                multi-bend achromat lattice to produce a high flux of 
                coherent x-rays within the soft x-ray energy region.
                    (B) Definitions.--In this paragraph:
                            (i) Flux.--The term ``flux'' means the rate 
                        of flow of photons.
                            (ii) Soft x-ray.--The term ``soft x-ray'' 
                        means a photon with energy in the range from 50 
                        to 2,000 electron volts.
                    (C) Start of operations.--The Secretary shall, to 
                the maximum extent practicable, ensure that the start 
                of full operations of the upgrade under this paragraph 
                occurs before December 31, 2026.
                    (D) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be 
                appropriated under section 209 for Basic Energy 
                Science, there shall be made available to the Secretary 
                to carry out the upgrade under this paragraph--
                            (i) $53,000,000 for fiscal year 2020;
                            (ii) $67,000,000 for fiscal year 2021;
                            (iii) $67,000,000 for fiscal year 2022;
                            (iv) $60,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                            (v) $59,200,000 for fiscal year 2024; and
                            (vi) $2,000,000 for fiscal year 2025.
            (5) Linac coherent light source ii high energy upgrade.--
                    (A) In general.--The Secretary shall provide for 
                the upgrade to the Linac Coherent Light Source II 
                facility described in the publication approved by the 
                Basic Energy Sciences Advisory Committee on June 9, 
                2016, titled ``Report on Facility Upgrades'', including 
                the development of experimental capabilities for high 
                energy x-rays to reveal fundamental scientific 
                discoveries. The Secretary shall ensure the upgrade 
                under this paragraph enables the production and use of 
                high energy, ultra-short pulse x-rays delivered at a 
                high repetition rate.
                    (B) Definitions.--In this paragraph:
                            (i) High energy x-ray.--The term ``high 
                        energy x-ray'' means a photon with an energy at 
                        or exceeding 12 kiloelectron volts.
                            (ii) High repetition rate.--The term ``high 
                        repetition rate'' means the delivery of x-ray 
                        pulses up to 1 million pulses per second.
                            (iii) Ultra-short pulse x-rays.--The term 
                        ``ultra-short pulse x-rays'' means x-ray bursts 
                        capable of durations of less than 100 
                        femtoseconds.
                    (C) Start of operations.--The Secretary shall, to 
                the maximum extent practicable, ensure that the start 
                of full operations of the upgrade under this paragraph 
                occurs before December 31, 2025.
                    (D) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be 
                appropriated under section 209 for Basic Energy 
                Science, there shall be made available to the Secretary 
                to carry out the upgrade under this paragraph--
                            (i) $54,000,000 for fiscal year 2020;
                            (ii) $64,000,000 for fiscal year 2021;
                            (iii) $70,000,000 for fiscal year 2022;
                            (iv) $80,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                            (v) $79,000,000 for fiscal year 2024; and
                            (vi) $37,000,000 for fiscal year 2025.
    (d) Artificial Photosynthesis.--Subtitle G of title IX of the 
Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16311 et seq.) is amended--
            (1) in section 973(b), by striking paragraph (4) and 
        inserting:
            ``(4)(A) Funding.--From within funds authorized to be 
        appropriated under section 209 of the Securing American 
        Leadership in Science and Technology Act of 2020 for Basic 
        Energy Science, the Secretary shall make available for carrying 
        out activities under this subsection $50,000,000 for each of 
        fiscal years 2020 through 2029.
            ``(B) Prohibition.--No funds allocated to the program 
        described in paragraph (1) may be obligated or expended for 
        commercial application of energy technology.''; and
            (2) in section 975(c), by striking paragraph (4) and 
        inserting:
            ``(4)(A) Funding.--From within funds authorized to be 
        appropriated under section 209 of the Securing American 
        Leadership in Science and Technology Act of 2020 for Basic 
        Energy Science and Biological and Environmental Research, the 
        Secretary shall make available for carrying out activities 
        under this subsection $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2020 
        through 2029.
            ``(B) Prohibition.--No funds allocated to the program 
        described in paragraph (1) may be obligated or expended for 
        commercial application of energy technology.''.
    (e) Electricity Storage Research Initiative.--Section 975 of the 
Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16315) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (b), by striking paragraph (4) and 
        inserting:
            ``(4)(A) Funding.--From within funds authorized to be 
        appropriated under section 209 of the Securing American 
        Leadership in Science and Technology Act of 2020 for Basic 
        Energy Science, the Secretary shall make available for carrying 
        out activities under this subsection $50,000,000 for each of 
        fiscal years 2020 through 2029.
            ``(B) Prohibition.--No funds allocated to the program 
        described in paragraph (1) may be obligated or expended for 
        commercial application of energy technology.'';
            (2) in subsection (c), by striking paragraph (4) and 
        inserting:
            ``(4)(A) Funding.--From within funds authorized to be 
        appropriated under section 209 of the Securing American 
        Leadership in Science and Technology Act of 2020 for Basic 
        Energy Science and Advanced Scientific Computing Research, the 
        Secretary shall make available for carrying out activities 
        under this subsection $30,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2020 
        through 2029.
            ``(B) Prohibition.--No funds allocated to the program 
        described in paragraph (1) may be obligated or expended for 
        commercial application of energy technology.''; and
            (3) in subsection (d), by striking paragraph (4) and 
        inserting:
            ``(4)(A) Funding.--From within funds authorized to be 
        appropriated under section 209 of the Securing American 
        Leadership in Science and Technology Act of 2020 for Basic 
        Energy Science and Biological and Environmental Research, the 
        Secretary shall make available for carrying out activities 
        under this subsection $20,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2020 
        through 2029.
            ``(B) Prohibition.--No funds allocated to the program 
        described in paragraph (1) may be obligated or expended for 
        commercial application of energy technology.''.
    (f) Computational Materials and Chemistry.--
            (1) In general.--The Director shall support a program of 
        fundamental research for the application of advanced computing 
        practices to foundational and emerging research problems in 
        chemistry and materials science.
            (2) Computational materials and chemistry science 
        centers.--
                    (A) In general.--In carrying out the activities 
                authorized under paragraph (1), the Director shall 
                select and establish up to four computational materials 
                and chemistry science centers to develop open-source, 
                robust, and validated computational codes and user-
                friendly software, coupled with innovative use of 
                experimental and theoretical data, to enable the 
                design, discovery, and development of new materials and 
                chemical systems including chemical catalysis research 
                and development. These centers shall also focus on 
                overcoming challenges and maximizing the benefits of 
                exascale and other high performance computing systems.
                    (B) Selection.--The Director shall select centers 
                under paragraph (1) on a competitive, merit-reviewed 
                basis. The Director shall consider applications from 
                the National Laboratories, institutes of higher 
                education, multi-institutional collaborations, and 
                other appropriate entities.
                    (C) Duration.--A center established under this 
                subsection shall receive support for a period of not 
                more than 5 years, subject to the availability of 
                appropriations.
                    (D) Renewal.--Upon the expiration of any period of 
                support of a center under this subsection, the Director 
                may renew support for the center, on a merit-reviewed 
                basis, for a period of not more than 5 years.
                    (E) Termination.--Consistent with the existing 
                authorities of the Department, the Director may 
                terminate an underperforming center for cause during 
                the performance period.
            (3) Materials research database.--
                    (A) In general.--The Director shall support the 
                development of a web-based platform to provide access 
                to a database of computed information on known and 
                predicted materials properties and computational tools 
                to accelerate breakthroughs in materials discovery and 
                design.
                    (B) Program.--In carrying out this section, the 
                Director shall--
                            (i) conduct cooperative research with 
                        industry, academia, and other research 
                        institutions to facilitate the design of novel 
                        materials;
                            (ii) leverage existing high performance 
                        computing systems to conduct high-throughput 
                        calculations, and develop computational and 
                        data mining algorithms for the prediction of 
                        material properties;
                            (iii) advance understanding, prediction, 
                        and manipulation of materials;
                            (iv) strengthen the foundation for new 
                        technologies and advanced manufacturing; and
                            (v) drive the development of advanced 
                        materials for applications that span the 
                        Department's missions in energy, environment, 
                        and national security.
                    (C) Coordination.--In carrying out this section, 
                the Director shall leverage programs and activities 
                across the Department.

SEC. 203. ADVANCED SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING RESEARCH.

    (a) Program.--The Director shall carry out a research, development, 
and demonstration program to advance computational and networking 
capabilities to analyze, model, simulate, and predict complex phenomena 
relevant to the development of new energy technologies and the 
competitiveness of the United States.
    (b) Beyond Exascale Computing Program.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary shall establish a program to 
        develop and implement a strategy for achieving computing 
        systems with capabilities beyond exascale computing systems. In 
        establishing this program, the Secretary shall--
                    (A) maintain foundational research programs in 
                mathematical, computational, and computer sciences 
                focused on new and emerging computing needs within the 
                mission of the Department, including but not limited to 
                post-Moore's law computing architectures, novel 
                approaches to modeling and simulation, artificial 
                intelligence and scientific machine learning, quantum 
                computing, and extreme heterogeneity; and
                    (B) retain best practices and maintain support for 
                essential hardware and software elements of the 
                Exascale Computing Project that are necessary for 
                sustaining the vitality of a long-term exascale 
                ecosystem.
            (2) Report.--Not later than one year after the date of the 
        enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to the 
        Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of 
        Representatives, and the Committee on Energy and Natural 
        Resources of the Senate, a report on the development and 
        implementation of the strategy outlined in paragraph (1).
    (c) Applied Mathematics and Software Development for High-End 
Computing Systems, Computational, and Computer Sciences Research.--
            (1) In general.--The Director shall carry out activities to 
        develop, test, and support--
                    (A) mathematics, models, statistics, and algorithms 
                for modeling complex systems on advanced computing 
                architectures; and
                    (B) tools, languages, programming environments, and 
                operations for high-end computing systems (as defined 
                in section 2 of the American Super Computing Leadership 
                Act (15 U.S.C. 5541), as renamed by this section).
            (2) Portfolio balance.--The Director shall maintain a 
        balanced portfolio within the advanced scientific computing 
        research and development program established under section 976 
        of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16316) that 
        supports robust investment in--
                    (A) applied mathematical, computational, and 
                computer sciences research needs relevant to the 
                mission of the Department, including activities related 
                to data science, artificial intelligence, scientific 
                machine learning, quantum information science, and 
                other emerging areas; and
                    (B) associated high-performance computing hardware 
                and facilities.
    (d) Energy Efficient Computing Program.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary shall support a program of 
        fundamental research, development, and demonstration of energy 
        efficient computing technologies relevant to advanced computing 
        applications in high performance computing, artificial 
        intelligence, and scientific machine learning.
            (2) Execution.--
                    (A) Program.--In carrying out the program, the 
                Secretary shall--
                            (i) establish a partnership for National 
                        Laboratories, industry partners, and 
                        institutions of higher education for codesign 
                        of energy efficient hardware, technology, 
                        software, and applications across all 
                        applicable program offices of the Department;
                            (ii) develop hardware and software 
                        technologies that decrease the energy needs of 
                        advanced computing practices;
                            (iii) consider multiple heterogeneous 
                        computing architectures, including neuromorphic 
                        computing, persistent computing, and ultrafast 
                        networking; and
                            (iv) provide, as appropriate, on a 
                        competitive, merit-reviewed basis, access for 
                        researchers from institutions of higher 
                        education, National Laboratories, industry, and 
                        other Federal agencies to the energy efficient 
                        computing technologies developed pursuant to 
                        clause (i).
                    (B) Selection of partners.--In selecting 
                participants for the partnership established under 
                subparagraph (A)(i), the Secretary shall select 
                participants through a competitive, merit-review 
                process.
            (3) Report.--Not later than one year after the date of the 
        enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to the 
        Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of 
        Representatives, and the Committee on Energy and Natural 
        Resources of the Senate, a report on--
                    (A) the activities conducted under subparagraph 
                (A); and
                    (B) the coordination and management of the Program 
                to ensure an integrated research program across the 
                Department.
    (e) Artificial Intelligence, Data Analytics, and Computational 
Research.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary shall carry out a program to 
        develop tools for big data analytics by utilizing data sets 
        generated by Federal agencies, institutions of higher 
        education, nonprofit research organizations, and industry in 
        order to advance artificial intelligence technologies to solve 
        complex, big data challenges. The Secretary shall carry out 
        this program through a competitive, merit-reviewed process, and 
        consider applications from National Laboratories, institutions 
        of higher education, multi-institutional collaborations, and 
        other appropriate entities.
            (2) Program components.--In carrying out the program 
        established under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall--
                    (A) establish a cross-cutting research initiative 
                to prevent duplication and coordinate research efforts 
                in artificial intelligence and data analytics across 
                the Department;
                    (B) conduct basic research in modeling and 
                simulation, artificial intelligence, machine learning, 
                large-scale data analytics, natural language 
                processing, and predictive analysis in order to develop 
                novel or optimized predictive algorithms suitable for 
                high-performance computing systems and large biomedical 
                data sets;
                    (C) develop multivariate optimization models to 
                accommodate large data sets with variable quality and 
                scale in order to visualize complex systems;
                    (D) establish multiple scientific computing user 
                facilities to serve as data enclaves capable of 
                securely storing data sets created by Federal agencies, 
                institutions of higher education, nonprofit 
                organizations, or industry at National Laboratories; 
                and
                    (E) promote collaboration and data sharing between 
                National Laboratories, research entities, and user 
                facilities of the Department by providing the necessary 
                access and secure data transfer capabilities.
            (3) Report.--Not later than 2 years after the date of the 
        enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to the 
        Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of 
        Representatives and the Committee on Energy and Natural 
        Resources of the Senate a report evaluating the effectiveness 
        of the pilot program under paragraph (1), including basic 
        research discoveries achieved in the course of the program and 
        potential opportunities to expand the technical capabilities of 
        the Department through the development of artificial 
        intelligence and data analytics technologies.
    (f) Energy Sciences Network.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary shall provide for an upgrade 
        to the Energy Sciences Network user facility in order to meet 
        Federal research needs for highly reliable data transport 
        capabilities optimized for the requirements of large-scale 
        science.
            (2) Capabilities.--In carrying out paragraph (1), the 
        Secretary shall ensure the following capabilities:
                    (A) To provide high bandwidth scientific networking 
                across the continental United States and the Atlantic 
                Ocean.
                    (B) To maximize network reliability.
                    (C) To protect the network and data from cyber-
                attacks.
                    (D) To support exponentially increasing levels of 
                data from the Department's scientific user facilities, 
                experiments, and sensors.
                    (E) To integrate heterogeneous computing frameworks 
                and systems.
    (g) Quantum Science Network.--The Secretary shall provide for a 
program to support the research, development, and demonstration of a 
quantum computing network, which shall operate as a national user 
facility.
    (h) Workforce Development.--The Director of the Office of Advanced 
Scientific Computing Research shall support the development of a 
computational science workforce through a program that--
            (1) facilitates collaboration between university students 
        and researchers at the National Laboratories; and
            (2) endeavors to advance science in areas relevant to the 
        mission of the Department through the application of 
        computational science.

SEC. 204. HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS.

    (a) Program.--The Director shall carry out a research program on 
the fundamental constituents of matter and energy and the nature of 
space and time in order to support theoretical and experimental 
research in both elementary particle physics and fundamental 
accelerator science and technology and understand fundamental 
properties of the universe.
    (b) Long-Baseline Neutrino Facility for Deep Underground Neutrino 
Experiment.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary shall provide for a Long-
        Baseline Neutrino Facility to facilitate the international Deep 
        Underground Neutrino Experiment to enable a program in neutrino 
        physics to measure the fundamental properties of neutrinos, 
        explore physics beyond the Standard Model, and better clarify 
        the nature of matter and antimatter.
            (2) Facility capabilities.--The Secretary shall ensure that 
        the facility described in paragraph (1) will provide, at a 
        minimum, the following capabilities:
                    (A) A neutrino beam with wideband capability of 1.2 
                megawatts (MW) of beam power and upgradable to 2.4 MW 
                of beam power.
                    (B) Four caverns excavated for a 70 kiloton 
                fiducial detector mass and supporting surface buildings 
                and utilities.
                    (C) Neutrino detector facilities at both the Far 
                Site in South Dakota and the Near Site in Illinois to 
                categorize and study neutrinos on their 800-mile 
                journey between the two sites.
                    (D) Cryogenic systems to support neutrino 
                detectors.
            (3) Start of operations.--The Secretary shall, to the 
        maximum extent practicable, ensure that the start of full 
        operations of the facility under this subsection occurs before 
        December 31, 2026.
            (4) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be appropriated 
        under section 209 for High Energy Physics, there shall be made 
        available to the Secretary to carry out activities, including 
        construction of the facility, under this subsection--
                    (A) $175,000,000 for fiscal year 2020;
                    (B) $225,000,000 for fiscal year 2021;
                    (C) $250,000,000 for fiscal year 2022;
                    (D) $250,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                    (E) $250,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                    (F) $250,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
                    (G) $250,000,000 for fiscal year 2026;
                    (H) $250,000,000 for fiscal year 2027;
                    (I) $194,000,000 for fiscal year 2028; and
                    (J) $82,000,000 for fiscal year 2029.
    (c) Proton Improvement Plan-II Accelerator Upgrade Project.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary of Energy shall provide for 
        the Proton Improvement Plan II (PIP-II), an upgrade to the 
        Fermilab accelerator complex identified in the 2014 Particle 
        Physics Project Prioritization Panel (P5) report titled 
        ``Building for Discovery'', to provide the world's most intense 
        beam of neutrinos to the international LBNF/DUNE experiment as 
        well as a broad range of future high energy physics 
        experiments. The Secretary of Energy shall work with 
        international partners to provide key contributions.
            (2) Facility capabilities.--The Secretary shall ensure that 
        the facility described in paragraph (1) will provide, at a 
        minimum, the following capabilities:
                    (A) A state-of-the-art 800 megaelectron volt (MeV) 
                superconducting linear accelerator.
                    (B) Proton beam power of 1.2 MW at the start of 
                LBNF/DUNE, upgradeable to 2.4 MW of beam power.
                    (C) A flexible design to enable high power beam 
                delivery to multiple users simultaneously and 
                customized beams tailored to specific scientific needs.
                    (D) Sustained high reliability operation of the 
                Fermilab accelerator complex.
            (3) Start of operations.--The Secretary shall, to the 
        maximum extent practicable, ensure that the start of full 
        operations of the facility under this section occurs before 
        December 31, 2027.
            (4) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be appropriated 
        under section 209 for High Energy Physics, there shall be made 
        available to the Secretary to carry out activities, including 
        construction of the facility, under this subsection--
                    (A) $60,000,000 for fiscal year 2020;
                    (B) $120,000,000 for fiscal year 2021;
                    (C) $120,000,000 for fiscal year 2022;
                    (D) $120,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                    (E) $120,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                    (F) $115,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
                    (G) $85,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
                    (H) $45,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.
    (d) International Collaboration.--Section 305(b) of the Department 
of Energy Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18643(b)) is amended 
to read as follows:
    ``(b) International Collaboration.--The Director shall--
            ``(1) as practicable and in coordination with other 
        appropriate Federal agencies as necessary, ensure the access of 
        United States researchers to the most advanced accelerator 
        facilities and research capabilities in the world, including 
        the Large Hadron Collider;
            ``(2) to the maximum extent practicable, continue to 
        leverage United States participation in the Large Hadron 
        Collider, and prioritize expanding international partnerships 
        and investments in the Long-Baseline Neutrino Facility/Deep 
        Underground Neutrino Experiment; and
            ``(3) to the maximum extent practicable, prioritize 
        engagement in collaborative efforts in support of future 
        international facilities that would provide access to United 
        States researchers of the most advanced accelerator facilities 
        in the world.''.
    (e) Accelerator and Detector Upgrades.--The Director shall upgrade 
accelerator facilities and detectors, as necessary and appropriate, to 
increase beam power, sustain high reliability, and improve precision 
measurement to advance the highest priority particle physics research 
programs. In carrying out facility upgrades, the Director shall 
continue to work with international partners, when appropriate and in 
the United States interest, to leverage investments and expertise in 
critical technologies to maintain leading facilities in the United 
States.
    (f) Accelerator and Detector Research and Development.--The 
Director shall carry out a program in accelerator and detector research 
and development, in order to develop and deploy next generation 
technologies to support discovery science in particle physics.
    (g) Research Collaborations.--In developing accelerator 
technologies under the program authorized in subsection (e), the 
Director shall--
            (1) consider the requirements necessary to support 
        translational research and development for medical, industrial, 
        security, and defense applications; and
            (2) leverage investments in accelerator technologies and 
        basic research in particle physics by partnering with 
        institutes of higher education, industry, and other Federal 
        agencies to help commercialize technologies with promising 
        applications.

SEC. 205. BIOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH.

    (a) Program.--The Director shall carry out a program of basic 
research in the areas of biological systems science and environmental 
science relevant to the development of new energy technologies and to 
support Department missions in energy, environment, and national 
security.
    (b) Bioenergy Research Centers.--
            (1) In general.--In carrying out activities under 
        subsection (a), the Director shall select and establish up to 
        four bioenergy research centers to conduct basic and 
        fundamental research in plant and microbial systems biology, 
        bio imaging and analysis, and genomics to inform the production 
        of fuels, chemicals from sustainable biomass resources, and to 
        facilitate the translation of basic research results to 
        industry.
            (2) Selection.--The Director shall select centers under 
        paragraph (1) on a competitive, merit-reviewed basis. The 
        Director shall consider applications from National 
        Laboratories, multi-institutional collaborations, and other 
        appropriate entities.
            (3) Duration.--A center established under this subsection 
        shall receive support for a period of not more than 5 years, 
        subject to the availability of appropriations.
            (4) Existing centers.--The Director may select a center for 
        participation under this subsection that is in existence, or 
        undergoing a renewal process, on the date of enactment of this 
        Act. Such center shall be eligible to receive support for the 
        duration the 5-year period beginning on the date of 
        establishment of such center.
            (5) Renewal.--Upon the expiration of any period of support 
        of a center under this subsection, the Director may renew 
        support for the center, on a merit-reviewed basis, for a period 
        of not more than 5 years.
            (6) Termination.--Consistent with the existing authorities 
        of the Department, the Director may terminate an 
        underperforming center for cause during the performance period.
    (c) Low-Dose Radiation Research Program.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary shall carry out a basic 
        research program on low-dose and low dose-rate radiation to--
                    (A) enhance the scientific understanding of, and 
                reduce uncertainties associated with, the effects of 
                exposure to low-dose and low dose-rate radiation; and
                    (B) inform improved risk-assessment and risk-
                management methods with respect to such radiation.
            (2) Program components.--In carrying out the program 
        required under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall--
                    (A) formulate scientific goals for low-dose 
                radiation and low dose-rate radiation basic research in 
                the United States;
                    (B) identify ongoing scientific challenges for 
                understanding the long-term effects of ionizing 
                radiation on biological systems;
                    (C) develop a long-term strategic and prioritized 
                basic research agenda to address such scientific 
                challenges in coordination with other research efforts;
                    (D) identify and, to the extent possible, quantify, 
                potential monetary and health-related benefits to 
                Federal agencies, the general public, industry, 
                research communities, and other users of information 
                produced by such research program;
                    (E) leverage the collective body of knowledge from 
                existing low-dose and low dose-rate radiation research; 
                and
                    (F) engage with other Federal agencies, research 
                communities, and potential users of information 
                produced under this section, including institutions 
                concerning radiation research, medical physics, 
                radiology, health physics, and emergency response.
            (3) Coordination.--In carrying out the program required 
        under paragraph (1), the Secretary, in coordination with the 
        Physical Science Subcommittee of the National Science and 
        Technology Council, shall--
                    (A) support the directives under section 106 of the 
                American Innovation and Competitiveness Act (42 U.S.C. 
                6601 note);
                    (B) ensure that the Office of Science of the 
                Department of Energy consults and coordinates with the 
                National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the 
                National Institutes of Health, the Environmental 
                Protection Agency, the Department of Defense, the 
                Nuclear Regulatory Commission, and the Department of 
                Homeland Security;
                    (C) advise and assist the National Science and 
                Technology Council on policies and initiatives in 
                radiation biology, including enhancing scientific 
                knowledge of the effects of low-dose and low dose-rate 
                radiation on biological systems to improve radiation 
                risk-assessment and risk-management methods; and
                    (D) identify opportunities to stimulate 
                international cooperation relating to low-dose and low 
                dose-rate radiation and leverage research and knowledge 
                from sources outside of the United States.
            (4) Research plan.--Not later than 180 days after the date 
        of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall transmit to the 
        Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of 
        Representatives and the Committee on Energy and Natural 
        Resources of the Senate a 4-year research plan that identifies 
        and prioritizes basic research needs relating to low-dose and 
        low dose-rate radiation. In developing such plan, the Secretary 
        shall incorporate the components described in paragraph (2).
            (5) Low-dose radiation defined.--In this section, the term 
        ``low-dose radiation'' means a radiation dose of less than 100 
        millisieverts.
            (6) Low dose-rate radiation defined.--In this section, the 
        term ``low dose-rate radiation'' means a radiation dose rate of 
        less than 5 millisieverts per hour.
            (7) Rule of construction.--Nothing in this section shall be 
        construed to subject any research carried out by the Secretary 
        for the program under this section to any limitations described 
        in section 977(e).
            (8) Funding.--For purposes of carrying out this section, 
        the Secretary is authorized to make available from funds 
        provided to the Biological and Environmental Research Program--
                    (A) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2020;
                    (B) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2021;
                    (C) $30,000,000 for fiscal year 2022;
                    (D) $30,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                    (E) $40,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                    (F) $40,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
                    (G) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2026;
                    (H) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2027;
                    (I) $60,000,000 for fiscal year 2028; and
                    (J) $60,000,000 for fiscal year 2029.
    (d) Earth and Environmental Systems Research.--
            (1) In general.--The Director shall carry out a program of 
        fundamental research to develop high-resolution Earth system 
        modeling, analysis, and intercomparison capabilities, in order 
        to further the understanding of the biological, biogeochemical, 
        and physical processes across the multiple scales that control 
        the flux of environmentally relevant compounds between the 
        terrestrial surface and the atmosphere.
            (2) Prioritization.--In carrying out the program authorized 
        under paragraph (1), the Director shall prioritize--
                    (A) the development of software and algorithms to 
                enable the productive application of environmental 
                systems models in high-performance computing systems; 
                and
                    (B) capabilities that support the Department's 
                mission needs for energy and infrastructure security, 
                resilience, and reliability.
            (3) User facilities.--
                    (A) In general.--In carrying out the activities 
                authorized under paragraph (1), the Director shall 
                establish and operate user facilities to advance the 
                collection, validation, and analysis of atmospheric 
                data, including activities to advance knowledge and 
                improve model representations and measure the impact of 
                atmospheric gases, aerosols, and clouds on earth and 
                environmental systems.
                    (B) Existing facilities.--To the maximum extent 
                practicable, the Director shall utilize existing 
                facilities to carry out this subsection.
                    (C) Selection.--The Director shall select user 
                facilities under paragraph (1) on a competitive, merit-
                reviewed basis. The Director shall consider 
                applications from the National Laboratories, institutes 
                of higher education, multi-institutional 
                collaborations, and other appropriate entities.
                    (D) Termination.--Consistent with the existing 
                authorities of the Department, the Director may 
                terminate an underperforming user facility for cause 
                during the performance period.
            (4) Coordination.--In carrying out the program authorized 
        in paragraph (1), the Director shall ensure that the Office of 
        Science--
                    (A) consults and coordinates with the National 
                Oceanic Atmospheric Administration, the Environmental 
                Protection Agency, and any other relevant Federal 
                agency on the collection, validation, and analysis of 
                atmospheric data; and
                    (B) coordinates with relevant stakeholders, 
                including institutes of higher education, nonprofit 
                research institutions, industry, State, local, and 
                tribal governments, and other appropriate entities to 
                ensure access to the best available relevant 
                atmospheric and historical weather data.
    (e) Coastal Zone Research Initiative.--
            (1) In general.--The Director shall carry out a basic 
        research program to enhance the understanding of coastal 
        ecosystems. In carrying out this program, the Director shall 
        prioritize efforts to enhance the collection of observational 
        data, and shall develop models to analyze the ecological, 
        biogeochemical, hydrological and physical processes that 
        interact in coastal zones.
            (2) National system for coastal data collection.--The 
        Director shall establish an integrated system of field research 
        sites in order to improve the quantity and quality of 
        observational data, and that encompass at least three of the 
        major land-water interfaces of the United States, including--
                    (A) the Great Lakes region;
                    (B) the Pacific coast;
                    (C) the Atlantic coast;
                    (D) the Arctic; and
                    (E) the Gulf coast.
            (3) Existing infrastructure.--In carrying out the programs 
        and establishing the field research sites under paragraph (1) 
        and (2), the Secretary shall leverage existing Department of 
        Energy R&D infrastructure, including the Department's existing 
        marine sciences lab.
            (4) Coordination.--For the purposes of carrying out the 
        programs and establishing the field research sites under the 
        Initiative, the Secretary may enter into agreements with 
        Federal Departments and agencies with complementary 
        capabilities.
            (5) Report.--Not less than 2 years after the date of the 
        enactment of this Act, the Director shall provide to the 
        Committee on Science, Space, and Technology and the Committee 
        on Appropriations of the House of Representatives and the 
        Committee on Energy and Natural Resources and the Committee on 
        Appropriations of the Senate a report examining whether the 
        system described in this section should be established as a 
        National User Facility.
    (f) Biological and Environmental Research User Facilities.--
            (1) In general.--The Director shall carry out a program for 
        the development, construction, operation, and maintenance of 
        user facilities to enhance the collection and analysis of 
        observational data related to complex biological, earth, and 
        environmental systems.
            (2) Facility requirements.--To the maximum extent 
        practicable, the user facilities developed, constructed, 
        operated, or maintained under paragraph (1) shall include--
                    (A) distributed field research and observation 
                platforms for understanding earth system processes;
                    (B) instruments and modeling resources for 
                understanding the physical, chemical, and cellular 
                processes of biological and environmental systems;
                    (C) integrated high-throughput sequencing, DNA 
                design and synthesis, metabolomics and computational 
                analysis; and
                    (D) such other facilities as the Director considers 
                appropriate, consistent with section 209 of the 
                Department of Energy Organization Act (42 U.S.C. 7139).
            (3) Existing facilities.--In carrying out the program 
        established in paragraph (1), the Director is encouraged to 
        evaluate the capabilities of existing user facilities and, to 
        the maximum extent practicable, invest in modernization of 
        those capabilities to address emerging research priorities.

SEC. 206. FUSION ENERGY.

    (a) Program.--The Director shall carry out a fusion energy sciences 
research program to expand the understanding of plasmas and matter at 
very high temperatures and densities and build the science and 
engineering foundation needed to develop a fusion energy source.
    (b) Public-Private Partnerships.--
            (1) In general.--In carrying out the program authorized in 
        subsection (a), the Secretary shall, to the maximum extent 
        practicable, make available fusion energy science 
        infrastructure to industry partners in order to achieve faster 
        and cost-effective development of fusion energy technologies 
        toward commercial readiness. In carrying out this subsection, 
        the Secretary shall make available--
                    (A) experimental capabilities and testing 
                facilities;
                    (B) computational capabilities, modeling and 
                simulation tools;
                    (C) access to existing datasets and data validation 
                tools; and
                    (D) land use and site information for demonstration 
                facilities.
            (2) Selection.--
                    (A) In general.--The Secretary shall select 
                industry partners for awards on a competitive, merit-
                reviewed basis.
                    (B) Considerations.--In selecting industry 
                stakeholders under subparagraph (A), the Secretary 
                shall consider--
                            (i) the information disclosed by the 
                        Department under this subsection; and
                            (ii) any existing facilities the Department 
                        will provide for public-private partnership 
                        activities.
            (3) Term.--An award made to an industry partner under this 
        section shall be for a period of not more than 5 years, subject 
        to the availability of appropriations, after which the award 
        may be renewed, subject to a rigorous merit review.
    (c) High-Performance Computation Collaborative Research Program.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary shall carry out a program to 
        conduct and support collaborative research, development, and 
        demonstration of fusion energy technologies, through high-
        performance computation modeling and simulation techniques, in 
        order to--
                    (A) support basic science research in plasmas and 
                matter at very high temperatures and densities;
                    (B) inform the development of a broad range of 
                fusion energy systems; and
                    (C) facilitate the translation of basic research 
                results in fusion energy science to industry.
            (2) Coordination.--In carrying out the program under 
        paragraph (1), the Secretary shall coordinate with relevant 
        Federal agencies, and prioritize the following objectives:
                    (A) Using expertise from the private sector, 
                institutions of higher education, and the National 
                Laboratories to develop computational software and 
                capabilities that prospective users may accelerate 
                research and development of fusion energy systems.
                    (B) Developing computational tools to simulate and 
                predict fusion energy science phenomena that may be 
                validated through physical experimentation.
                    (C) Increasing the utility of the research 
                infrastructure of the Department by coordinating with 
                the Advanced Scientific Computing Research program 
                within the Office of Science.
                    (D) Leveraging experience from existing modeling 
                and simulation entities sponsored by the Department.
                    (E) Ensuring that new experimental and 
                computational tools are accessible to relevant research 
                communities, including private sector entities engaged 
                in fusion energy technology development.
            (3) Duplication.--The Secretary shall ensure the 
        coordination of, and avoid unnecessary duplication of, the 
        activities of this program with the activities of--
                    (A) other research entities of the Department, 
                including the National Laboratories, the Advanced 
                Research Projects Agency-Energy, the Advanced 
                Scientific Computing Research program; and
                    (B) industry.
            (4) High-performance computing for fusion innovation hub.--
        In carrying out the program under paragraph (1), the Secretary 
        shall establish and operate a national High-Performance 
        Computing for Fusion Innovation Hub (referred to in this 
        section as the ``Hub''), which shall focus on the early stage 
        research and development activities described under paragraph 
        (1).
    (d) Selection.--The Secretary shall select the Hub under this 
subsection on a competitive, merit-reviewed basis. The Secretary shall 
consider applications from National Laboratories, institutions of 
higher education, multi-institutional collaborations, and other 
appropriate entities.
    (e) Duration.--The Hub established under this subsection shall 
receive support for a period of not more than 5 years, subject to the 
availability of appropriations.
    (f) Renewal.--Upon the expiration of any period of support of the 
Hub, the Secretary may renew support for the Hub, on a merit-reviewed 
basis, for a period of not more than 5 years.
    (g) Termination.--Consistent with the existing authorities of the 
Department, the Secretary may terminate the Hub for cause during the 
performance period.
    (h) Tokamak Research and Development.--Section 307(b) of the 
Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18645(b)) 
is amended to read as follows:
    ``(b) Tokamak Research and Development.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Director shall support research and 
        development activities and facility operations to optimize the 
        tokamak approach to fusion energy.
            ``(2) International thermonuclear experimental reactor 
        construction.--
                    ``(A) In general.--There is authorized United 
                States participation in the construction and operations 
                of the ITER project, as agreed to under the April 25, 
                2007 `Agreement on the Establishment of the ITER 
                International Fusion Energy Organization for the Joint 
                Implementation of the ITER Project'.
                    ``(B) Facility requirements.--The Secretary shall 
                ensure that the mission-oriented user facility will 
                enable the study of a burning plasma, and shall be 
                built to have the following characteristics in its full 
                configuration:
                            ``(i) A tokamak device with a plasma radius 
                        of 6.2 meters and a magnetic field of 5.3 T.
                            ``(ii) Capable of creating and sustaining a 
                        15-million-Ampere plasma current for greater 
                        than 300 seconds.
                    ``(C) Authorization of appropriations.--From within 
                funds authorized to be appropriated under section 209 
                of the Securing American Leadership in Science and 
                Technology Act of 2020 for Fusion Energy Sciences, 
                there are authorized to carry out this paragraph--
                            ``(i) $242,000,000 for fiscal year 2020;
                            ``(ii) $290,400,000 for fiscal year 2021;
                            ``(iii) $338,800,000 for fiscal year 2022;
                            ``(iv) $387,200,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                            ``(v) $435,600,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                            ``(vi) $484,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
                            ``(vii) $435,600,000 for fiscal year 2026;
                            ``(viii) $387,200,000 for fiscal year 2027;
                            ``(ix) $338,800,000 for fiscal year 2028; 
                        and
                            ``(x) $290,400,000 for fiscal year 2029.''.
    (i) Inertial Fusion Energy Research and Development Program.--
Section 307(c) of the Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act 
(42 U.S.C. 18645(c)) is amended to read as follows:
    ``(c) Inertial Fusion Research and Development.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Director shall carry out a program 
        of research and technology development in inertial fusion for 
        energy applications, including ion beam, laser, and pulsed 
        power fusion systems.
            ``(2) Laser research initiative.--The Director shall 
        establish a high intensity laser research program consistent 
        with the recommendations of the National Academy of Science 
        Report, `Opportunities in Intense Ultrafast Lasers: Reaching 
        for the Brightest Light' and the Brightest Light Initiative 
        workshop report. This program shall include research to develop 
        petawatt-scale laser technologies necessary to facilitate 
        discovery science and to advance energy technologies, and to 
        restore U.S. leadership in high intensity laser facilities.''.
    (j) Alternative and Enabling Concepts.--Section 307(d) of the 
Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18645(d)) 
is amended as follows:
    ``(d) Alternative and Enabling Concepts.--
            ``(1) In general.--As part of the program described in 
        subsection (a), the Director shall support research and 
        development activities and facility operations at United States 
        universities, national laboratories, and private facilities for 
        a portfolio of alternative and enabling fusion energy concepts 
        that may provide solutions to significant challenges to the 
        establishment of a commercial magnetic fusion power plant, 
        prioritized based on the ability of the United States to play a 
        leadership role in the international fusion research community.
            ``(2) Activities.--Fusion energy concepts and activities 
        explored under this paragraph may include--
                    ``(A) high magnetic field approaches facilitated by 
                high temperature superconductors;
                    ``(B) advanced stellarator concepts;
                    ``(C) non-tokamak confinement configurations 
                operating at low magnetic fields;
                    ``(D) magnetized target fusion energy concepts;
                    ``(E) liquid metals to address issues associated 
                with fusion plasma interactions with the inner wall of 
                the encasing device;
                    ``(F) immersion blankets for heat management and 
                fuel breeding;
                    ``(G) advanced scientific computing activities; and
                    ``(H) other promising fusion energy concepts 
                identified by the Director.''.

SEC. 207. NUCLEAR PHYSICS.

    Section 308 of the Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act 
(42 U.S.C. 18646) is amended by inserting at the end the following:
    ``(c) Facility for Rare Isotope Beams.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall provide for a 
        Facility for Rare Isotope Beams to advance the understanding of 
        rare nuclear isotopes and the evolution of the cosmos.
            ``(2) Facility capability.--In carrying out paragraph (1), 
        the Secretary shall provide for, at a minimum, a rare isotope 
        beam facility capable of 400 kW of beam power.
            ``(3) Start of operations.--The Secretary shall, to the 
        maximum extent practicable, ensure that the start of full 
        operations of the facility under this subsection occurs before 
        June 30, 2022.
            ``(4) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be appropriated 
        under section 209 of the Securing American Leadership in 
        Science and Technology Act of 2020 for Nuclear Physics, there 
        shall be made available to the Secretary to carry out 
        activities, including construction of the facility, under this 
        subsection--
                    ``(A) $64,000,000 for fiscal year 2020;
                    ``(B) $36,300,000 for fiscal year 2021;
                    ``(C) $24,000,000 for fiscal year 2022;
                    ``(D) $15,000,000 for fiscal year 2023; and
                    ``(E) $15,000,000 for fiscal year 2024.
    ``(d) Electron-Ion Collider.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall provide for an 
        Electron Ion Collider as described in the 2015 Nuclear Science 
        Advisory Committee's Long Range Plan and endorsed by the report 
        from the National Academies of Science, Engineering, and 
        Medicine report titled `An Assessment of U.S.-Based Electron-
        Ion Collider Science', in order to measure the internal 
        structure of the proton and the nucleus and answer fundamental 
        questions about the nature of visible matter.
            ``(2) Facility capability.--The Secretary shall ensure that 
        the facility meets the requirements in the 2015 Long Range 
        Plan, including--
                    ``(A) at least 70 percent polarized beams of 
                electrons and light ions;
                    ``(B) ion beams from deuterium to the heaviest 
                nuclei;
                    ``(C) variable center of mass energy from 20 to 140 
                GeV; high luminosity of 1033-1034 cm-2s-1; and
                    ``(D) the possibility of more than one interaction 
                region.
            ``(3) Start of operations.--The Secretary shall, to the 
        maximum extent practicable, ensure that the start of full 
        operations of the facility under this section occurs before 
        December 31, 2030.''.

SEC. 208. SCIENCE LABORATORIES INFRASTRUCTURE PROGRAM.

    Section 309 of the Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act 
of 2018 (42 U.S.C. 18647) is amended by adding at the end the 
following:
    ``(c) Use of Available Approaches and Mechanisms.--In carrying out 
this section, the Director shall utilize all available approaches and 
mechanisms, including capital line items, minor construction projects, 
energy savings performance contracts, utility energy service contracts, 
alternative financing, and expense funding, as appropriate.
    ``(d) Mid-Scale Instrumentation Program.--The Director shall 
establish a mid-scale instrumentation program to enable the development 
and acquisition of novel, state-of-the-art instruments that would 
significantly accelerate scientific breakthroughs at national 
laboratory user facilities.''.

SEC. 209. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    (a) Fiscal Year 2020.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
the Secretary for the Office of Science for fiscal year 2020 
$7,000,000,000, of which--
            (1) $2,213,000,000 shall be for Basic Energy Science;
            (2) $1,045,000,000 shall be for High Energy Physics;
            (3) $750,000,000 shall be for Biological and Environmental 
        Research;
            (4) $713,000,000 shall be for Nuclear Physics;
            (5) $980,000,000 shall be for Advanced Scientific Computing 
        Research;
            (6) $671,000,000 shall be for Fusion Energy Sciences;
            (7) $301,000,000 shall be for Science Laboratories 
        Infrastructure;
            (8) $186,300,000 shall be for Science Program Direction;
            (9) $112,700,000 shall be for Safeguards and Security; and
            (10) $28,000,000 shall be for Workforce Development for 
        Teachers and Scientists.
    (b) Fiscal Year 2021.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
the Secretary for the Office of Science for fiscal year 2021 
$7,900,940,874, of which--
            (1) $2,685,840,000 shall be for Basic Energy Science;
            (2) $1,135,584,317 shall be for High Energy Physics;
            (3) $816,925,453 shall be for Biological and Environmental 
        Research;
            (4) $799,544,060 shall be for Nuclear Physics;
            (5) $1,160,020,000 shall be for Advanced Scientific 
        Computing Research;
            (6) $699,360,000 shall be for Fusion Energy Sciences;
            (7) $279,468,000 shall be for Science Laboratories 
        Infrastructure;
            (8) $190,393,200 shall be for Science Program Direction;
            (9) $110,396,844 shall be for Safeguards and Security; and
            (10) $23,409,000 shall be for Workforce Development for 
        Teachers and Scientists.
    (c) Fiscal Year 2022.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
the Secretary for the Office of Science for fiscal year 2022 
$8,559,100,770, of which--
            (1) $2,945,760,000 shall be for Basic Energy Science;
            (2) $1,213,376,476 shall be for High Energy Physics;
            (3) $872,888,179 shall be for Biological and Environmental 
        Research;
            (4) $854,316,090 shall be for Nuclear Physics;
            (5) $1,272,280,000 shall be for Advanced Scientific 
        Computing Research;
            (6) $767,040,000 shall be for Fusion Energy Sciences;
            (7) $302,757,000 shall be for Science Laboratories 
        Infrastructure;
            (8) $194,201,064 shall be for Science Program Direction;
            (9) $112,604,781 shall be for Safeguards and Security; and
            (10) $23,877,180 shall be for Workforce Development for 
        Teachers and Scientists.
    (d) Fiscal Year 2023.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
the Secretary for the Office of Science for fiscal year 2023 
$9,217,390,345, of which--
            (1) $3,205,680,000 shall be for Basic Energy Science;
            (2) $1,291,168,634 shall be for High Energy Physics;
            (3) $928,850,905 shall be for Biological and Environmental 
        Research;
            (4) $909,088,120 shall be for Nuclear Physics;
            (5) $1,384,540,000 shall be for Advanced Scientific 
        Computing Research;
            (6) $834,720,000 shall be for Fusion Energy Sciences;
            (7) $326,046,000 shall be for Science Laboratories 
        Infrastructure;
            (8) $198,085,085 shall be for Science Program Direction;
            (9) $114,856,876 shall be for Safeguards and Security; and
            (10) $24,354,724 shall be for Workforce Development for 
        Teachers and Scientists.
    (e) Fiscal Year 2024.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
the Secretary for the Office of Science for fiscal year 2024 
$9,875,812,193, of which--
            (1) $3,465,600,000 shall be for Basic Energy Science;
            (2) $1,368,960,793 shall be for High Energy Physics;
            (3) $984,813,632 shall be for Biological and Environmental 
        Research;
            (4) $963,860,150 shall be for Nuclear Physics;
            (5) $1,496,800,000 shall be for Advanced Scientific 
        Computing Research;
            (6) $902,400,000 shall be for Fusion Energy Sciences;
            (7) $349,335,000 shall be for Science Laboratories 
        Infrastructure;
            (8) $202,046,787 shall be for Science Program Direction;
            (9) $117,154,014 shall be for Safeguards and Security; and
            (10) $24,841,818 shall be for Workforce Development for 
        Teachers and Scientists.
    (f) Fiscal Year 2025.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
the Secretary for the Office of Science for fiscal year 2025 
$10,534,368,961, of which--
            (1) $3,725,520,000 shall be for Basic Energy Science;
            (2) $1,446,752,951 shall be for High Energy Physics;
            (3) $1,040,776,358 shall be for Biological and 
        Environmental Research;
            (4) $1,018,632,180 shall be for Nuclear Physics;
            (5) $1,609,060,000 shall be for Advanced Scientific 
        Computing Research;
            (6) $970,080,000 shall be for Fusion Energy Sciences;
            (7) $372,624,000 shall be for Science Laboratories 
        Infrastructure;
            (8) $206,087,723 shall be for Science Program Direction;
            (9) $119,497,094 shall be for Safeguards and Security; and
            (10) $25,338,654 shall be for Workforce Development for 
        Teachers and Scientists.
    (g) Fiscal Year 2026.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
the Secretary for the Office of Science for fiscal year 2026 
$11,193,063,345, of which--
            (1) $3,985,440,000 shall be for Basic Energy Science;
            (2) $1,524,545,110 shall be for High Energy Physics;
            (3) $1,096,739,084 shall be for Biological and 
        Environmental Research;
            (4) $1,073,404,210 shall be for Nuclear Physics;
            (5) $1,721,320,000 shall be for Advanced Scientific 
        Computing Research;
            (6) $1,037,760,000 shall be for Fusion Energy Sciences;
            (7) $395,913,000 shall be for Science Laboratories 
        Infrastructure;
            (8) $210,209,477 shall be for Science Program Direction;
            (9) $121,887,036 shall be for Safeguards and Security; and
            (10) $25,845,428 shall be for Workforce Development for 
        Teachers and Scientists.
    (h) Fiscal Year 2027.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
the Secretary for the Office of Science for fiscal year 2027 
$11,851,898,099, of which--
            (1) $4,245,360,000 shall be for Basic Energy Science;
            (2) $1,602,337,268 shall be for High Energy Physics;
            (3) $1,152,701,810 shall be for Biological and 
        Environmental Research;
            (4) $1,128,176,240 shall be for Nuclear Physics;
            (5) $1,833,580,000 shall be for Advanced Scientific 
        Computing Research;
            (6) $1,105,440,000 shall be for Fusion Energy Sciences;
            (7) $419,202,000 shall be for Science Laboratories 
        Infrastructure;
            (8) $214,413,667 shall be for Science Program Direction;
            (9) $124,324,777 shall be for Safeguards and Security; and
            (10) $26,362,336 shall be for Workforce Development for 
        Teachers and Scientists.
    (i) Fiscal Year 2028.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
the Secretary for the Office of Science for fiscal year 2028 
$12,510,876,029, of which--
            (1) $4,505,280,000 shall be for Basic Energy Science;
            (2) $1,680,129,427 shall be for High Energy Physics;
            (3) $1,208,664,537 shall be for Biological and 
        Environmental Research;
            (4) $1,182,948,270 shall be for Nuclear Physics;
            (5) $1,945,840,000 shall be for Advanced Scientific 
        Computing Research;
            (6) $1,173,120,000 shall be for Fusion Energy Sciences;
            (7) $442,491,000 shall be for Science Laboratories 
        Infrastructure;
            (8) $218,701,940 shall be for Science Program Direction;
            (9) $126,811,272 shall be for Safeguards and Security; and
            (10) $26,889,583 shall be for Workforce Development for 
        Teachers and Scientists.
    (j) Fiscal Year 2029.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
the Secretary for the Office of Science for fiscal year 2029 
$13,170,000,000, of which--
            (1) $4,765,200,000 shall be for Basic Energy Science;
            (2) $1,757,921,586 shall be for High Energy Physics;
            (3) $1,264,627,263 shall be for Biological and 
        Environmental Research;
            (4) $1,237,720,300 shall be for Nuclear Physics;
            (5) $2,058,100,000 shall be for Advanced Scientific 
        Computing Research;
            (6) $1,240,800,000 shall be for Fusion Energy Sciences;
            (7) $465,780,000 shall be for Science Laboratories 
        Infrastructure;
            (8) $223,075,979 shall be for Science Program Direction;
            (9) $129,347,498 shall be for Safeguards and Security; and
            (10) $27,427,374 shall be for Workforce Development for 
        Teachers and Scientists.

          Subtitle B--Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy

SEC. 211. ADVANCED RESEARCH PROJECTS AGENCY-ENERGY.

    (a) Establishment.--Section 5012(b) of the America COMPETES Act (42 
U.S.C. 16538(b)) is amended by striking ``development of energy 
technologies'' and inserting ``development of transformative science 
and technology solutions to address energy, environmental, economic, 
and national security challenges''.
    (b) Goals.--Section 5012(c) of the America COMPETES Act (42 U.S.C. 
16538(c)) is amended--
            (1) by striking paragraph (1)(A) and inserting the 
        following:
                    ``(A) to enhance the economic and energy security 
                of the United States through the development of energy 
                technologies that--
                            ``(i) reduce imports of energy from foreign 
                        sources;
                            ``(ii) reduce energy-related emissions, 
                        including greenhouse gases;
                            ``(iii) improve the energy efficiency of 
                        all economic sectors;
                            ``(iv) provide transformative solutions to 
                        improve the management, clean-up, and disposal 
                        of--
                                    ``(I) low-level radioactive waste;
                                    ``(II) spent nuclear fuel; and
                                    ``(III) high-level radioactive 
                                waste;
                            ``(v) improve efficiency and reduce the 
                        environmental impact of all forms of energy 
                        production;
                            ``(vi) improve the resiliency, reliability, 
                        and security of the electric grid; and
                            ``(vii) address other challenges within the 
                        mission of the Department as determined by the 
                        Secretary; and''; and
            (2) in paragraph (2), in the matter preceding subparagraph 
        (A), by striking ``energy technology projects'' and inserting 
        ``advanced technology projects''.
    (c) Responsibilities.--Section 5012(e)(3)(A) of the America 
COMPETES Act (42 U.S.C. 16538(e)(3)(A)) is amended by striking 
``energy''.
    (d) Reports and Roadmaps.--Section 5012(h) of the America COMPETES 
Act (42 U.S.C. 16538(h)) is amended to read as follows:
    ``(h) Annual Report.--
            ``(1) In general.--As part of the annual budget request 
        submitted for each fiscal year, the Director shall provide to 
        the relevant authorizing and appropriations committees of 
        Congress a report that--
                    ``(A) describes projects supported by ARPA-E during 
                the previous fiscal year;
                    ``(B) identifies and includes an analysis of 
                projects supported by ARPA-E during the previous fiscal 
                year that demonstrate duplication of other activities 
                funded by the Department; and
                    ``(C) describes current, proposed, and planned 
                projects to be carried out pursuant to subsection 
                (e)(3)(D).
            ``(2) Strategic vision roadmap.--Beginning with the report 
        submitted with respect to fiscal year 2020, and every 4 fiscal 
        years thereafter, the report required under paragraph (1) shall 
        include a roadmap describing the strategic vision that ARPA-E 
        will use to guide the choices of ARPA-E for future technology 
        investments over the following 4 fiscal years.''.
    (e) Coordination and Nonduplication.--Section 5012(i)(1) of the 
America COMPETES Act (42 U.S.C. 16538(i)(1)) is amended to read as 
follows:
            ``(1) In general.--To the maximum extent practicable, the 
        Director shall ensure that--
                    ``(A) the activities of ARPA-E are coordinated 
                with, and do not duplicate the efforts of, programs and 
                laboratories within the Department and other relevant 
                research agencies; and
                    ``(B) ARPA-E does not provide funding for a project 
                unless the prospective grantee demonstrates sufficient 
                attempts to secure private financing or indicates that 
                the project is not independently commercially 
                viable.''.
    (f) Evaluation.--Section 5012(l) of the America COMPETES Act (42 
U.S.C. 16538(l)) is amended--
            (1) by striking paragraph (1) and inserting the following:
            ``(1) In general.--Not later than 3 years after the date of 
        enactment of the Securing American Leadership in Science and 
        Technology Act of 2020, the Secretary is authorized to enter 
        into a contract with a third-party entity to conduct an 
        evaluation of how well ARPA-E is achieving the goals and 
        mission of ARPA-E.''; and
            (2) in paragraph (2)--
                    (A) by striking ``shall'' and inserting ``may''; 
                and
                    (B) by striking ``the recommendation of the 
                National Academy of Sciences'' and inserting ``a 
                recommendation''.
    (g) Authorization of Appropriations.--Paragraph (2) of section 
5012(o) of the America COMPETES Act (42 U.S.C. 16538(o)) is amended to 
read as follows:
            ``(2) Authorization of appropriations.--Subject to 
        paragraph (4), there are authorized to be appropriated to the 
        Director for deposit in the Fund without fiscal year 
        limitation--
                    ``(A) $392,800,000 for fiscal year 2020;
                    ``(B) $419,600,000 for fiscal year 2021;
                    ``(C) $446,400,000 for fiscal year 2022;
                    ``(D) $473,200,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                    ``(E) $500,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                    ``(F) $600,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
                    ``(G) $700,000,000 for fiscal year 2026;
                    ``(H) $800,000,000 for fiscal year 2027;
                    ``(I) $900,000,000 for fiscal year 2028; and
                    ``(J) $1,000,000,000 for fiscal year 2029.''.
    (h) Technical Amendments.--Section 5012(g)(3)(A)(iii) of the 
America COMPETES Act (42 U.S.C. 16538(g)(3)(A)(iii)) is amended by 
striking ``subpart'' each place it appears and inserting 
``subparagraph''.

              Subtitle C--DOE Clean Energy Infrastructure

SEC. 221. REGIONAL ENERGY INNOVATION CENTERS.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Advanced energy technology.--The term ``advanced energy 
        technology'' means--
                    (A) an innovative technology--
                            (i) that produces energy from solar, wind, 
                        geothermal, biomass, tidal, wave, ocean, or 
                        other renewable energy resources;
                            (ii) that produces nuclear energy;
                            (iii) for carbon capture and sequestration;
                            (iv) that enables advanced vehicles, 
                        vehicle components, and related technologies 
                        that result in significant energy savings;
                            (v) that generates, transmits, distributes, 
                        uses, or stores energy more efficiently than 
                        conventional technologies, including through 
                        Smart Grid technologies; or
                            (vi) that enhances the energy independence 
                        and security of the United States by enabling 
                        improved or expanded supply and production of 
                        domestic energy resources, including coal, oil, 
                        and natural gas;
                    (B) a research, development, demonstration, or 
                commercial application activity necessary to ensure the 
                long-term, secure, and sustainable supply of an energy 
                critical element; or
                    (C) any other innovative energy technology area 
                identified by the Secretary.
            (2) Qualifying entity.--The term ``qualifying entity'' 
        means--
                    (A) an institution of higher education;
                    (B) an appropriate State or Federal entity, 
                including a federally funded research and development 
                center of the Department;
                    (C) a nonprofit research institution;
                    (D) a multi-institutional collaboration; or
                    (E) any other relevant entity the Secretary 
                determines appropriate.
    (b) Authorization of Program.--
            (1) In general.--
                    (A) The Secretary shall carry out a program to 
                enhance the economic, environmental, and energy 
                security of the United States by establishing and 
                operating Regional Energy Innovation Centers in diverse 
                regions of the United States, in order to provide, to 
                the maximum extent practicable, one centralized 
                location for multidisciplinary, collaborative research, 
                development, and demonstration of advanced energy 
                technologies most suited to commercial application in 
                each region of the United States.
                    (B) In establishing the centers authorized in 
                subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall consider the 
                diverse natural resources available throughout the 
                United States, and maximize the opportunities for 
                cooperation between institutes of higher education, 
                industry, State and local governments, and nonprofit 
                research institutions with shared areas of energy 
                expertise.
            (2) Technology development focus.--The Secretary shall 
        designate for each center a unique advanced energy technology 
        or basic research focus. In establishing focus areas for each 
        center, the Secretary shall consider the energy needs, 
        resources, and expertise available in each region of the United 
        States.
            (3) Coordination.--The Secretary shall ensure the 
        coordination of, and avoid unnecessary duplication of, the 
        activities of each center with the activities of--
                    (A) other research entities of the Department, 
                including the National Laboratories, the Advanced 
                Research Projects Agency-Energy, Energy Innovation 
                Hubs, and Energy Frontier Research Centers; and
                    (B) industry.
    (c) Application Process.--
            (1) Eligibility.--To be eligible to receive an award for 
        the establishment and operation of a center established under 
        subsection (b)(1)(A), a consortium shall--
                    (A) be composed of not fewer than two qualifying 
                entities;
                    (B) operate subject to a binding agreement, entered 
                into by each member of the consortium, that documents--
                            (i) the proposed partnership agreement, 
                        including the governance and management 
                        structure of the center;
                            (ii) measures the consortium will undertake 
                        to enable cost-effective implementation of 
                        activities under the program described in 
                        subsection (b)(1); and
                            (iii) a proposed budget, including 
                        financial contributions from non-Federal 
                        sources; and
                    (C) operate as a nonprofit organization.
            (2) Selection.--The Secretary shall consider applications 
        from qualifying entities, and select centers authorized under 
        subsection (b)(1)(A) on a competitive, merit-reviewed basis.
            (3) Duration.--A center established under this section 
        shall receive support for a period of not more than 5 years, 
        subject to the availability of appropriations.
            (4) Renewal.--Upon the expiration of any period of support 
        of a center under this section, the Director may renew support 
        for the center, on a merit-reviewed basis, for a period of not 
        more than 5 years.
            (5) Termination.--Consistent with the existing authorities 
        of the Department, the Director may terminate an 
        underperforming center for cause during the performance period.
    (d) Center Operations.--
            (1) In general.--Each center shall conduct or provide for 
        multidisciplinary, collaborative research, development, 
        demonstration of advanced energy technologies within the 
        technology development focus designated under subsection 
        (b)(2).
            (2) Activities.--Each center shall--
                    (A) encourage collaboration and communication among 
                the member qualifying entities of the consortium and 
                awardees;
                    (B) develop and make publicly available proposed 
                plans and programs; and
                    (C) submit an annual report to the Department 
                summarizing the activities of the center, including--
                            (i) detailing organizational expenditures; 
                        and
                            (ii) describing each project undertaken by 
                        the center.
            (3) Conflicts of interest.--Each center shall maintain 
        conflict of interest procedures, consistent with the conflict 
        of interest procedures of the Department.
            (4) Prohibition on construction.--
                    (A) In general.--Except as provided in subparagraph 
                (B)--
                            (i) no funds provided under this section 
                        may be used for construction of new buildings 
                        or facilities for centers; and
                            (ii) construction of new buildings or 
                        facilities shall not be considered as part of 
                        the non-Federal share of a Hub cost-sharing 
                        agreement.
                    (B) Test bed and renovation exception.--Nothing in 
                this paragraph prohibits the use of funds provided 
                under this section or non-Federal cost share funds for 
                the construction of a test bed or renovations to 
                existing user facilities if the Secretary determines 
                such facilities are necessary and applicable to conduct 
                research within the focus areas identified for each 
                center.

SEC. 222. VERSATILE NEUTRON SOURCE.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary of Energy shall construct a 
versatile reactor-based fast neutron source, which shall operate as a 
national user facility. The Secretary shall consult with the private 
sector, universities, National Laboratories, and relevant Federal 
agencies to ensure that the versatile neutron source is capable of 
meeting Federal research needs for neutron irradiation services.
    (b) Facility Capabilities.--
            (1) Capabilities.--The Secretary shall ensure that the 
        facility described in subsection (a) will provide, at a 
        minimum, the following capabilities:
                    (A) Fast neutron spectrum irradiation capability.
                    (B) Capacity for upgrades to accommodate new or 
                expanded research needs.
            (2) Considerations.--In carrying out paragraph (1), the 
        Secretary shall consider the following:
                    (A) Capabilities that support experimental high-
                temperature testing.
                    (B) Providing a source of fast neutrons at a 
                neutron flux higher than that at which existing 
                research facilities operate, sufficient to enable 
                research for an optimal base of prospective users.
                    (C) Maximizing irradiation flexibility and 
                irradiation volume to accommodate as many concurrent 
                users as possible.
                    (D) Capabilities for irradiation with neutrons of a 
                lower energy spectrum.
                    (E) Multiple loops for fuels and materials testing 
                of different coolants.
                    (F) Capabilities that support irradiating and 
                processing targets for isotope production.
                    (G) Additional pre-irradiation and post-irradiation 
                examination capabilities.
                    (H) Lifetime operating costs and lifecycle costs.
    (c) Start of Operations.--The Secretary shall, to the maximum 
extent practicable, ensure that the start of full operations of the 
facility under this section occurs before December 31, 2025.
    (d) Funding.--There are authorized to be appropriated to the 
Secretary for the Office of Nuclear Energy to carry out to completion 
the construction of the facility under this section--
            (1) $200,000,000 for fiscal year 2020;
            (2) $260,000,000 for fiscal year 2021;
            (3) $340,000,000 for fiscal year 2022;
            (4) $350,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
            (5) $350,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
            (6) $350,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
            (7) $200,000,000 for fiscal year 2026;
            (8) $150,000,000 for fiscal year 2027;
            (9) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2028; and
            (10) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2029.

SEC. 223. CARBON UTILIZATION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT INFRASTRUCTURE.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary shall carry out a program to conduct 
basic and fundamental research in materials science, chemistry, 
subsurface instrumentation, and data analysis to inform the research, 
development, and demonstration of carbon capture, storage, and 
utilization technologies and techniques, and to facilitate the 
translation of basic research results to industry.
    (b) Coordination.--In carrying out program under subsection (a), 
the Secretary shall leverage expertise and resources and facilitate 
collaboration and coordination between--
            (1) the Office of Fossil Energy; and
            (2) the Office of Science.
    (c) Carbon Utilization Energy Innovation Hub.--In carrying out the 
program under subsection (a), the Secretary shall establish and operate 
a national Carbon Utilization Energy Innovation Hub (referred to in 
this section as the ``Hub''), which shall focus on early stage research 
and development activities including--
            (1) post-combustion and pre-combustion capture of carbon 
        dioxide;
            (2) advanced compression technologies for new and existing 
        fossil fuel-fired power plants;
            (3) technologies to convert carbon dioxide to valuable 
        products and commodities; and
            (4) advanced carbon dioxide storage technologies that 
        consider a range of storage regimes.
    (d) Selection.--The Secretary shall select the Hub under this 
section on a competitive, merit-reviewed basis. The Secretary shall 
consider applications from National Laboratories, institutions of 
higher education, multi-institutional collaborations, and other 
appropriate entities.
    (e) Duration.--The Hub established under this section shall receive 
support for a period of not more than 5 years, subject to the 
availability of appropriations.
    (f) Renewal.--Upon the expiration of any period of support of the 
Hub, the Secretary may renew support for the Hub, on a merit-reviewed 
basis, for a period of not more than 5 years.
    (g) Termination.--Consistent with the existing authorities of the 
Department, the Secretary may terminate the Hub for cause during the 
performance period.

SEC. 224. FRONTIER OBSERVATORY FOR RESEARCH IN GEOTHERMAL ENERGY.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary shall support the establishment and 
construction of up to 3 field research sites operated by public or 
academic entities, which shall each be known as a ``Frontier 
Observatory for Research in Geothermal Energy'' or ``FORGE'' site to 
develop, test, and enhance techniques and tools for enhanced geothermal 
energy.
    (b) Duties.--The Secretary shall--
            (1) award grants in support of research and development 
        projects focused on advanced monitoring technologies, new 
        technologies and approaches for implementing multi-zone 
        stimulations, and dynamic reservoir modeling that incorporates 
        all available high-fidelity characterization data; and
            (2) seek opportunities to coordinate efforts and share 
        information with domestic and international partners engaged in 
        research and development of geothermal systems and related 
        technology.
    (c) Site Selection.--Of the FORGE sites referred to in subsection 
(a), the Secretary shall--
            (1) consider applications through a competitive, merit-
        reviewed process, from National Laboratories, multi-
        institutional collaborations, institutes of higher education 
        and other appropriate entities best suited to provide national 
        leadership on geothermal related issues and perform the duties 
        enumerated under subsection (b); and
            (2) prioritize existing field sites and facilities with 
        capabilities relevant to the duties enumerated under subsection 
        (b).
    (d) Funding.--There is authorized to be appropriated to the 
Secretary to carry out the FORGE activities under this section--
            (1) $45,000,000 for fiscal year 2020;
            (2) $55,000,000 for fiscal year 2021;
            (3) $65,000,000 for fiscal year 2022;
            (4) $70,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
            (5) $70,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
            (6) $70,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
            (7) $70,000,000 for fiscal year 2026;
            (8) $70,000,000 for fiscal year 2027;
            (9) $70,000,000 for fiscal year 2028; and
            (10) $70,000,000 for fiscal year 2029.
    (e) Portfolio Balance.--In carrying out this section, the Secretary 
shall consider the balance between funds dedicated to construction and 
operations and research activities to reflect the state of site 
development.

SEC. 225. ADVANCED ENERGY STORAGE INITIATIVE.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary shall carry out a research 
initiative to be known as the ``Advanced Energy Storage Initiative'' 
(referred to in this section as the ``Initiative'') to support and 
accelerate the research, development, and demonstration of advanced 
energy storage technologies, in order to--
            (1) support basic research in capabilities that enable 
        temporal flexibility in the conversion of energy resources to 
        useful energy services;
            (2) inform the development of a broad range of energy 
        storage systems; and
            (3) facilitate the translation of basic research results in 
        energy storage to industry.
    (b) Leveraging.--In carrying out programs and activities under the 
Initiative, the Secretary shall leverage expertise and resources and 
facilitate collaboration between--
            (1) the Office of Electricity;
            (2) the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy;
            (3) the Office of Fossil Energy;
            (4) the Office of Nuclear Energy; and
            (5) the Basic Energy Sciences Program and Advanced 
        Scientific Computing Program of the Office of Science.
The Secretary may organize additional activities under this subsection 
through Energy Frontier Research Centers, Energy Innovation Hubs, or 
cross-cutting research programs.
    (c) Grid Scale Energy Storage User Facilities.--Not later than 180 
days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall 
transmit to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the 
House of Representatives and the Committee on Energy and Natural 
Resources of the Senate a 4-year research plan that identifies and 
prioritizes basic research needs relating to the development, 
construction, operation, and maintenance of grid scale energy storage 
technology demonstration projects, which shall operate as national user 
facilities.

SEC. 226. CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE RESEARCH AND CONSTRUCTION.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary shall carry out a program of 
fundamental research, development, and early-stage demonstration of 
innovative engineered systems and tools to help ensure the resilience 
and security of critical integrated grid infrastructures.
    (b) Coordination.--In carrying out the program under subsection 
(a), the Secretary shall leverage expertise and resources and 
facilitate collaboration and coordination between--
            (1) the Office of Electricity;
            (2) the Office of Cybersecurity, Energy Security, and 
        Emergency Response;
            (3) the Office of Science;
            (4) the Department of Defense; and
            (5) the Department of Homeland Security.
    (c) Critical Infrastructure Test Range.--In carrying out the 
program under subsection (a), the Secretary shall establish and operate 
a Critical Infrastructure Test Range (referred to in this section as 
the ``Test Range'') that allows for scalable physical and cyber 
performance testing to be conducted on industry-scale infrastructure 
systems. This facility shall include a focus on--
            (1) cyber security test beds; and
            (2) electric grid test beds.
    (d) Selection.--The Secretary shall select the Test Range under 
this section on a competitive, merit-reviewed basis. The Secretary 
shall consider applications from National Laboratories, institutions of 
higher education, multi-institutional collaborations, and other 
appropriate entities.
    (e) Duration.--The Test Range established under this section shall 
receive support for a period of not more than 5 years, subject to the 
availability of appropriations.
    (f) Renewal.--Upon the expiration of any period of support of the 
Test Range, the Secretary may renew support for the Test Range, on a 
merit-reviewed basis, for a period of not more than 5 years.
    (g) Termination.--Consistent with the existing authorities of the 
Department, the Secretary may terminate the Test Range for cause during 
the performance period.

       TITLE III--NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY

SEC. 301. FINDINGS.

    Congress finds the following:
            (1) The National Institute of Standards and Technology 
        (NIST) promotes United States innovation and industrial 
        competitiveness by advancing measurement science, standards and 
        technology in ways that enhance economic security and improve 
        Americans' quality of life.
            (2) NIST's leadership in a broad range of cutting-edge 
        scientific endeavors including but not limited to quantum 
        science and engineering, cybersecurity, biologics, artificial 
        intelligence (AI), machine learning, additive manufacturing, 
        disaster resilience, and international standards development is 
        critical to America's leadership in the industries of the 
        future.
            (3) NIST's role as the Nation's laboratory for industry is 
        critical to maintaining the economic and national security of 
        the United States.

SEC. 302. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    (a) Fiscal Year 2020.--
            (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
        the Secretary of Commerce $1,034,000,000 for the National 
        Institute of Standards and Technology for fiscal year 2020.
            (2) Specific allocations.--Of the amount authorized by 
        paragraph (1)--
                    (A) $754,000,000 shall be for scientific and 
                technical research and services laboratory activities, 
                of which $9,000,000 may be transferred to the Working 
                Capital Fund;
                    (B) $118,000,000 shall be for the construction and 
                maintenance of facilities, of which $75,000,000 shall 
                be for Safety, Capacity, Maintenance, and Major 
                Repairs; and
                    (C) $162,000,000 shall be for industrial technology 
                services activities, of which $146,000,000 shall be for 
                the Manufacturing Extension Partnership program under 
                sections 25 and 26 of the National Institute of 
                Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k and 278l) 
                and $16,000,000 shall be for the Network for 
                Manufacturing Innovation Program under section 34 of 
                the National Institute of Standards and Technology Act 
                (15 U.S.C. 278s).
    (b) Fiscal Year 2021.--
            (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
        the Secretary of Commerce $1,240,400,000 for the National 
        Institute of Standards and Technology for fiscal year 2021.
            (2) Specific allocations.--Of the amount authorized by 
        paragraph (1)--
                    (A) $869,400,000 shall be for scientific and 
                technical research and services laboratory activities, 
                of which $10,800,000 may be transferred to the Working 
                Capital Fund;
                    (B) $200,000,000 shall be for the construction and 
                maintenance of facilities, of which $120,000,000 shall 
                be for Safety, Capacity, Maintenance, and Major 
                Repairs, including $20,000,000 for IT infrastructure; 
                and
                    (C) $171,000,000 shall be for industrial technology 
                services activities, of which $146,000,000 shall be for 
                the Manufacturing Extension Partnership program under 
                sections 25 and 26 of the National Institute of 
                Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k and 278I) 
                and $25,000,000 shall be for the Network for 
                Manufacturing Innovation Program under section 34 of 
                the National Institute of Standards and Technology Act 
                (15 U.S.C. 278s).
    (c) Fiscal Year 2022.--
            (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
        the Secretary of Commerce $1,315,250,000 for the National 
        Institute of Standards and Technology for fiscal year 2022.
            (2) Specific allocations.--Of the amount authorized by 
        paragraph (1)--
                    (A) $941,850,000 shall be for scientific and 
                technical research and services laboratory activities, 
                of which $11,700,000 may be transferred to the Working 
                Capital Fund;
                    (B) $200,000,000 shall be for the construction and 
                maintenance of facilities, of which $120,000,000 shall 
                be for Safety, Capacity, Maintenance, and Major 
                Repairs, including $20,000,000 for IT infrastructure; 
                and
                    (C) $173,400,000 shall be for industrial technology 
                services activities, of which $148,400,000 shall be for 
                the Manufacturing Extension Partnership program under 
                sections 25 and 26 of the National Institute of 
                Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k and 278I) 
                and $25,000,000 shall be for the Network for 
                Manufacturing Innovation Program under section 34 of 
                the National Institute of Standards and Technology Act 
                (15 U.S.C. 278s).
    (d) Fiscal Year 2023.--
            (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
        the Secretary of Commerce $1,390,500,000 for the National 
        Institute of Standards and Technology for fiscal year 2023.
            (2) Specific allocations.--Of the amount authorized by 
        paragraph (1)--
                    (A) $1,014,300,000 shall be for scientific and 
                technical research and services laboratory activities, 
                of which $12,600,000 may be transferred to the Working 
                Capital Fund;
                    (B) $200,000,000 shall be for the construction and 
                maintenance of facilities of which $120,000,000 shall 
                be for Safety, Capacity, Maintenance, and Major 
                Repairs, including $10,000,000 for IT infrastructure; 
                and
                    (C) $176,200,000 shall be for industrial technology 
                services activities, of which $151,200,000 shall be for 
                the Manufacturing Extension Partnership program under 
                sections 25 and 26 of the National Institute of 
                Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k and 278I) 
                and $25,000,000 shall be for the Network for 
                Manufacturing Innovation Program under section 34 of 
                the National Institute of Standards and Technology Act 
                (15 U.S.C. 278s).
    (e) Fiscal Year 2024.--
            (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
        the Secretary of Commerce $1,465,750,000 for the National 
        Institute of Standards and Technology for fiscal year 2024.
            (2) Specific allocations.--Of the amount authorized by 
        paragraph (1)--
                    (A) $1,086,750,000 shall be for scientific and 
                technical research and services laboratory activities, 
                of which $13,500,000 may be transferred to the Working 
                Capital Fund;
                    (B) $200,000,000 shall be for the construction and 
                maintenance of facilities, of which $120,000,000 shall 
                be for Safety, Capacity, Maintenance, and Major 
                Repairs, including $10,000,000 for IT infrastructure; 
                and
                    (C) $179,000,000 shall be for industrial technology 
                services activities, of which $154,000,000 shall be for 
                the Manufacturing Extension Partnership program under 
                sections 25 and 26 of the National Institute of 
                Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k and 278I) 
                and $25,000,000 shall be for the Network for 
                Manufacturing Innovation Program under section 34 of 
                the National Institute of Standards and Technology Act 
                (15 U.S.C. 278s).
    (f) Fiscal Year 2025.--
            (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
        the Secretary of Commerce $1,541,000,000 for the National 
        Institute of Standards and Technology for fiscal year 2025.
            (2) Specific allocations.--Of the amount authorized by 
        paragraph (1)--
                    (A) $1,159,200,000 shall be for scientific and 
                technical research and services laboratory activities, 
                of which $14,400,000 may be transferred to the Working 
                Capital Fund;
                    (B) $200,000,000 shall be for the construction and 
                maintenance of facilities, of which $120,000,000 shall 
                be for Safety, Capacity, Maintenance, and Major 
                Repairs, including $10,000,000 for IT infrastructure; 
                and
                    (C) $181,800,000 shall be for industrial technology 
                services activities, of which $156,800,000 shall be for 
                the Manufacturing Extension Partnership program under 
                sections 25 and 26 of the National Institute of 
                Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k and 278I) 
                and $25,000,000 shall be for the Network for 
                Manufacturing Innovation Program under section 34 of 
                the National Institute of Standards and Technology Act 
                (15 U.S.C. 278s).
    (g) Fiscal Year 2026.--
            (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
        the Secretary of Commerce $1,616,250,000 for the National 
        Institute of Standards and Technology for fiscal year 2026.
            (2) Specific allocations.--Of the amount authorized by 
        paragraph (1)--
                    (A) $1,213,650,000 shall be for scientific and 
                technical research and services laboratory activities, 
                of which $15,300,000 may be transferred to the Working 
                Capital Fund;
                    (B) $200,000,000 shall be for the construction and 
                maintenance of facilities, of which $120,000,000 shall 
                be for Safety, Capacity, Maintenance, and Major 
                Repairs, including $10,000,000 for IT infrastructure; 
                and
                    (C) $184,600,000 shall be for industrial technology 
                services activities, of which $159,600,000 shall be for 
                the Manufacturing Extension Partnership program under 
                sections 25 and 26 of the National Institute of 
                Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k and 278I) 
                and $25,000,000 shall be for the Network for 
                Manufacturing Innovation Program under section 34 of 
                the National Institute of Standards and Technology Act 
                (15 U.S.C. 278s).
    (h) Fiscal Year 2027.--
            (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
        the Secretary of Commerce $1,691,500,000 for the National 
        Institute of Standards and Technology for fiscal year 2027.
            (2) Specific allocations.--Of the amount authorized by 
        paragraph (1)--
                    (A) $1,304,100,000 shall be for scientific and 
                technical research and services laboratory activities, 
                of which $16,200,000 may be transferred to the Working 
                Capital Fund;
                    (B) $200,000,000 shall be for the construction and 
                maintenance of facilities, of which $120,000,000 shall 
                be for Safety, Capacity, Maintenance, and Major 
                Repairs, including $10,000,000 for IT infrastructure; 
                and
                    (C) $187,400,000 shall be for industrial technology 
                services activities, of which $162,400,000 shall be for 
                the Manufacturing Extension Partnership program under 
                sections 25 and 26 of the National Institute of 
                Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k and 278I) 
                and $25,000,000 shall be for the Network for 
                Manufacturing Innovation Program under section 34 of 
                the National Institute of Standards and Technology Act 
                (15 U.S.C. 278s).
    (i) Fiscal Year 2028.--
            (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
        the Secretary of Commerce $1,766,750,000 for the National 
        Institute of Standards and Technology for fiscal year 2028.
            (2) Specific allocations.--Of the amount authorized by 
        paragraph (1)--
                    (A) $1,376,550,000 shall be for scientific and 
                technical research and services laboratory activities, 
                of which $17,100,000 may be transferred to the Working 
                Capital Fund;
                    (B) $200,000,000 shall be for the construction and 
                maintenance of facilities, of which $120,000,000 shall 
                be for Safety, Capacity, Maintenance, and Major 
                Repairs, including $10,000,000 for IT infrastructure; 
                and
                    (C) $190,200,000 shall be for industrial technology 
                services activities, of which $165,200,000 shall be for 
                the Manufacturing Extension Partnership program under 
                sections 25 and 26 of the National Institute of 
                Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k and 278I) 
                and $25,000,000 shall be for the Network for 
                Manufacturing Innovation Program under section 34 of 
                the National Institute of Standards and Technology Act 
                (15 U.S.C. 278s).
    (j) Fiscal Year 2029.--
            (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
        the Secretary of Commerce $1,842,000,000 for the National 
        Institute of Standards and Technology for fiscal year 2029.
            (2) Specific allocations.--Of the amount authorized by 
        paragraph (1)--
                    (A) $1,449,000,000 shall be for scientific and 
                technical research and services laboratory activities, 
                of which $18,000,000 may be transferred to the Working 
                Capital Fund;
                    (B) $200,000,000 shall be for the construction and 
                maintenance of facilities, of which $120,000,000 shall 
                be for Safety, Capacity, Maintenance, and Major 
                Repairs, including $10,000,000 for IT infrastructure; 
                and
                    (C) $193,000,000 shall be for industrial technology 
                services activities, of which $168,000,000 shall be for 
                the Manufacturing Extension Partnership program under 
                sections 25 and 26 of the National Institute of 
                Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k and 278I) 
                and $25,000,000 shall be for the Network for 
                Manufacturing Innovation Program under section 34 of 
                the National Institute of Standards and Technology Act 
                (15 U.S.C. 278s).

SEC. 303. NIST FACILITIES MODERNIZATION FUND.

    (a) Establishment.--There is established in the Treasury of the 
United States a fund to be known as the ``NIST Facilities Modernization 
Fund'' (hereafter in this section referred to as the ``Fund'').
    (b) Use of Funds.--Amounts in the Fund shall be available to 
Secretary, acting through the Director, for Capital Projects on the 
National Institute of Standards and Technology's campuses for the 
modernization and construction of research facilities needed to conduct 
leading edge scientific and technical research.
    (c) Contents of Fund.--The Funds shall consist of the following 
amounts:
            (1) Such amounts as may be appropriated by law.
            (2) Interest earned on the balance of the Fund.
    (d) Authorization of Funds.--Of the funds authorized to be 
appropriated in section 302 of this Act for the construction and 
maintenance of facilities, $80,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 
2021 through 2029 shall be provided for the Fund established in 
subsection (a).
    (e) Continuing Availability of Funds.--Amounts in the Fund are 
available without regard to fiscal year limitation.
    (f) Notification to Committees.--Upon making any obligation or 
expenditure of any amount in the Fund, the Secretary, through the 
Director, shall notify the House of Representatives Science, Space, and 
Technology Committee, the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
Transportation, the Committee on Appropriations of the House of 
Representatives and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate of 
the amount and purpose of the obligation or expenditure.
    (g) NIST Facilities Modernization and Maintenance Plan.--
            (1) In general.--To carry out the program authorized in 
        subsection (a), the Secretary, acting through the Director, 
        shall develop and submit to Congress a 5-year modernization and 
        maintenance plan for the National Institute of Standards and 
        Technology's campuses.
            (2) Timing.--The modernization and maintenance plan 
        required in paragraph (1) shall be submitted to Congress within 
        30 days of enactment of this Act, and updated on an annual 
        basis.
            (3) Plan elements.--The Plan required in paragraph (1) 
        shall include the following:
                    (A) A list of Capitol Construction Projects 
                expected to be undertaken in the next 5 years, the core 
                capabilities these facilities will provide, anticipated 
                schedule of construction, and anticipated funding 
                requirements.
                    (B) A list of planned utility infrastructure 
                projects expected to be undertaken in the next 5 years, 
                anticipated schedule of construction, and anticipated 
                funding requirements.
                    (C) A list of planned IT infrastructure projects 
                expected to be undertaken in the next 5 years, 
                anticipated schedule of construction, and anticipated 
                funding requirements.
                    (D) A list of the deferred maintenance, a list of 
                deferred maintenance projects expected to be undertaken 
                in the next 5 years, anticipated schedule of 
                construction, anticipated funding requirements, and an 
                evaluation of progress made in reducing the deferred 
                maintenance backlog.

SEC. 304. QUANTUM INFORMATION SCIENCE.

    The Director shall--
            (1) continue to support and expand basic quantum 
        information science and technology research and development of 
        measurement and standards infrastructure necessary to advance 
        commercial development of quantum applications;
            (2) use its existing programs, in collaboration with other 
        agencies, as appropriate, to train scientists in quantum 
        information science and technology to increase participation in 
        the quantum fields; and
            (3) establish or expand collaborative ventures or consortia 
        with other public or private sector entities, including other 
        Federal agencies engaged in quantum information science 
        research and development, academia, National Laboratories, and 
        industry for the purpose of advancing the field of quantum 
        information science and engineering.

SEC. 305. CYBERSECURITY RESEARCH.

    (a) Research.--The Secretary, acting through the Director, shall 
expand the fundamental and applied research carried out by the 
Institute to address key questions relating the measurement of privacy, 
security, and vulnerability of software tools and communications 
networks, including through--
            (1) the development of research and engineering 
        capabilities to provide practical solutions, including 
        measurement techniques and engineering toolkits, to solve 
        cybersecurity challenges such as human factors, identity 
        management, network security, privacy, and software;
            (2) investment in tools to help private and public sector 
        organizations, including institutions of higher education and 
        research organizations, measure and manage cybersecurity risks 
        and ensure workforce preparedness for new cybersecurity 
        challenges; and
            (3) investment in programs to prepare the United States 
        with strong cybersecurity and encryption technologies to apply 
        to emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence, the 
        internet of things, and quantum computing.
    (b) Assistance to Federal Agencies.--The Director shall enhance and 
expand the Institute's guidance and assistance to Federal agencies to 
help agencies effectively implement the Framework for Improving 
Critical Infrastructure Cybersecurity, including--
            (1) technical guidance on the requirements in the Executive 
        order;
            (2) technical guidance and education and training of agency 
        staff responsible for cyber security, consultative services, 
        and other assistance at individual Federal agencies; and
            (3) technical guidance and education and training of 
        individual Federal agency Inspectors General and staff who are 
        responsible for the annual independent evaluation they are 
        required to perform of the information security program and 
        practices of Federal agencies under section 3555 of title 44, 
        United States Code.
    (c) Report.--The Director shall provide the House Science, Space, 
and Technology Committee and the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, 
and Transportation a report, not later than 12 months after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, describing how the National Institute of 
Standards and Technology carried out the activities described in 
subsection (b) in as much detail as possible, including identification 
of agencies assisted and the types of consultative services, education, 
guidance, assistance, and training provided to individual agencies and 
Inspectors General.

SEC. 306. ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND DATA SCIENCE.

    The Secretary, acting through the Director, shall continue to 
support the development of artificial intelligence and data science, 
including through--
            (1) the expansion of the Institute's capabilities, 
        including scientific staff and research infrastructure;
            (2) the implementation of rigorous scientific testing to 
        support the development of trustworthy and safe artificial 
        intelligence and data systems;
            (3) the development of machine learning and other 
        artificial intelligence applications to support measurement 
        science research programs and take steps to modernize the 
        Institute's research infrastructure; and
            (4) the development and publication of new cybersecurity 
        tools, encryption methods, and best practices for artificial 
        intelligence and data science.

SEC. 307. INTERNET OF THINGS.

    The Secretary, acting through the Director, shall continue to 
conduct research with respect to and support the expanded connectivity, 
interoperability, and security of interconnected systems and other 
aspects of the internet of things, including through--
            (1) the development of new tools and methodologies for 
        cybersecurity of the internet of things;
            (2) the development of technologies to address network 
        congestion and device interference, such as the development of 
        testing tools for next generation wireless communications, 
        internet of things protocols, coexistence of wireless 
        communications systems, and spectrum sharing;
            (3) convening experts in the public and private sectors to 
        develop recommendations for accelerating the adoption of sound 
        interoperability standards, guidelines, and best practices for 
        the internet of things; and
            (4) the development and publication of new cybersecurity 
        tools, encryption methods, and best practices for internet of 
        things security.

SEC. 308. COMPOSITES RESEARCH.

    (a) Research.--The Secretary, acting through the Director, shall 
implement the recommendations contained in the December 2017 report 
entitled ``Road Mapping Workshop Report on Overcoming Barriers to 
Adoption of Composites in Sustainable Infrastructure'', as appropriate, 
to help facilitate the adoption of composite technology in 
infrastructure in the United States. In implementing such 
recommendations, the Secretary, acting through the Director shall, with 
respect to the use of composite technology in infrastructure--
            (1) not later than 6 months after the date of enactment of 
        this Act, initiate the establishment of a design data 
        clearinghouse to identify, gather, validate, and disseminate 
        existing design criteria, tools, guidelines, and standards; and
            (2) develop methods and resources required for testing an 
        evaluation of safe and appropriate uses of composite materials 
        for infrastructure, including--
                    (A) conditioning protocols, procedures and models;
                    (B) screening and acceptance tools; and
                    (C) minimum allowable design data sets that can be 
                converted into design tools.
    (b) Standards Coordination.--The Secretary, acting through the 
Director, shall assure that the appropriate Institute staff consult 
regularly with standards developers, members of the composites 
industry, institutions of higher education, and other stakeholders in 
order to facilitate the adoption of standards for use of composite 
materials in infrastructure that are based on the research and testing 
results and other information developed by the Institute.

SEC. 309. ENABLING THE FUTURE BIOECONOMY.

    The Secretary, acting through the Director, shall continue to 
support the research and development of engineering biology, including 
through--
            (1) building up NIST's core capabilities in measurement 
        science supporting synthetic biology by investing in 
        foundational measurement tools;
            (2) delivering the necessary measurement methods, standards 
        and related services required to impart confidence in emerging 
        engineering biology capabilities; and
            (3) developing and evaluating computation tools in order to 
        develop and deploy predictive models that will ink biological 
        blueprints with biological outcomes.

SEC. 310. INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT.

    (a) Findings.--Congress finds the following:
            (1) Widespread use of standards facilitates technology 
        advancement by defining and establishing common foundations for 
        product differentiation, technological innovation, and other 
        value-added services.
            (2) Standards also promote an expanded, more interoperable, 
        and efficient marketplace.
            (3) Global cooperation and coordination on standards for 
        emerging technologies will be critical for having a consistent 
        set of rules to enable market competition, preclude barriers to 
        trade, and allow innovation to flourish.
            (4) United States position on standardization in emerging 
        technologies will be critical to United States economic 
        competitiveness.
            (5) NIST is in a unique position to strengthen United 
        States leadership in standards development, particularly for 
        emerging technologies, to ensure continuing United States 
        economic competitiveness and national security.
    (b) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) while United States experts have historically been 
        leaders in international standards development activities, 
        there is concern that the United States is losing its edge;
            (2) strengthening the unique United States public-private 
        partnerships approach to standards development is critical to 
        United States economic competitiveness; and
            (3) the United States Government should ensure cooperation 
        and coordination across Federal agencies and partner with 
        private sector stakeholders to continue to shape international 
        dialogues in regard to standards development for emerging 
        technologies.
    (c) Research Activities and Engagement.--The Secretary, acting 
through the Director, shall--
            (1) build capacity and training opportunities to help 
        create a pipeline of talent and leadership in key standards 
        development positions, including standards education and 
        training related activities targeted at integrating standards 
        content into undergraduate and graduate curricula in science, 
        engineering, business, public policy, and law;
            (2) partner with private sector entities to support 
        strategically increased engagement and leadership in the 
        development of international standards for digital economy 
        technologies, including partnering with industry to incentivize 
        private sector partners to develop standards strategies and 
        support engagement and participation in the relevant standards 
        activities; and
            (3) develop approaches to prioritize standardization for 
        emerging technologies, identify organization in which to 
        develop these standards, identify leadership positions of 
        interest to the United States, and identify key contributors 
        for technical and leadership expertise in these areas.

SEC. 311. REVIEW OF THE CENTER FOR NEUTRON RESEARCH.

    Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the 
Comptroller of the United States shall conduct an evaluation of NIST's 
Center for Neutron Research, including the following:
            (1) An assessment of what progress NIST has made in 
        planning for the future of the Center for Neutron Research's 
        nuclear reactor since the release of the 2018 National 
        Academies report, and what steps NIST has taken to implement 
        the Academies report.
            (2) An analysis of the extent to which NIST's planning 
        efforts align with leading practices.
            (3) An assessment of the extent to which NIST has worked 
        with the Department of Energy to identify the scientific 
        community's long-term needs for neutron research facilities and 
        discuss the coordination of future facilities, and how these 
        agencies are factoring these needs into their decision-making 
        process.
            (4) Recommendations for NIST and the Department of Energy 
        on how best to continue to support civilian nuclear research 
        reactors.

SEC. 312. HIRING AND MANAGEMENT.

    (a) Direct Hire Authority.--The Secretary, acting through the 
Director, may--
            (1) appoint, without regard to the provisions of subchapter 
        I of chapter 33 of title 5, United States Code (other than 
        sections 3303, 3328, and 3330e of such chapter), qualified 
        candidates to scientific, engineering, and professional 
        positions for carrying out research and development functions 
        which require the services of specially qualified personnel 
        relating to cybersecurity and quantum information science and 
        technology and such other areas of national research priorities 
        as the Secretary, acting through the Director, may determine; 
        and
            (2) fix the rate of basic pay of any individual appointed 
        under paragraph (1), at a rate not in excess of the basic rate 
        of pay of the Vice President under section 104 of title 3, 
        United States Code, without regard to title 5, United States 
        Code.
    (b) Limitation.--The Director may appoint not more than 10 
individuals under subsection (a).
    (c) Sunset.--The authority under subsection (a) shall expire on the 
date that is 10 years after the date of enactment of this Act.
    (d) Other Transaction Authority.--Section 2(b)(4) of the National 
Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 272(b)(4)) is 
amended to read as follows:
            ``(4) to enter into and perform such contracts, including 
        cooperative research and development arrangements and grants 
        and cooperative agreements or other transactions, as may be 
        necessary in the conduct of its work and on such terms as it 
        may deem appropriate, in furtherance of the purposes of this 
        Act;''.

SEC. 313. NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY FOUNDATION.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary of Commerce, acting through the 
Director, may establish or enter into an agreement with a nonprofit 
organization to establish a National Institute of Standards and 
Technology Foundation. The Foundation shall not be an agency or 
instrumentality of the United States Government.
    (b) Purpose.--The purpose of the Foundation shall be to support the 
National Institute of Standards and Technology in its mission.
    (c) Activities.--Activities of the Foundation may include the 
solicitation and acceptance of funds--
            (1) to support international metrology and standards 
        engagement activities;
            (2) to conduct education and outreach activities; and
            (3) to offer direct support to NIST associates, including 
        through activities such as the provision of fellowships, 
        grants, and occupational safety and awareness training.
    (d) Transfer of Funds.--The Director may authorize, under the 
agreement under subsection (a), the transfer of funds from the National 
Institute of Standards and Technology to the nonprofit organization to 
offset any administrative costs of the Foundation.
    (e) Liability.--The United States shall not be liable for any 
debts, defaults, acts, or omissions of the Foundation. The full faith 
and credit of the United States shall not extend to any obligations of 
the Foundation.

SEC. 314. MEP OUTREACH.

    Section 25 of the National Institute of Standards and Technology 
Act (15 U.S.C. 278k) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (c)--
                    (A) in paragraph (6), by striking ``community 
                colleges and area career and technical education 
                schools'' and inserting the following: ``secondary 
                schools (as defined in section 8101 of the Elementary 
                and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7801)), 
                community colleges, and area career and technical 
                education schools, including those in underserved and 
                rural communities,''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (7)--
                            (i) by striking ``and local colleges'' and 
                        inserting the following: ``local high schools 
                        and local colleges, including those in 
                        underserved and rural communities,''; and
                            (ii) by inserting ``or other applied 
                        learning opportunities'' after 
                        ``apprenticeships''; and
            (2) in subsection (d)(3), by striking ``, community 
        colleges, and area career and technical education schools,'' 
        and inserting the following: ``and local high schools, 
        community colleges, and area career and technical education 
        schools, including those in underserved and rural 
        communities,''.

SEC. 315. DEFINITIONS.

    In this title:
            (1) Director.--The term ``Director'' means the Director of 
        the National Institute of Standards and Technology.
            (2) Framework.--The term ``Framework'' means the Framework 
        for Improving Critical Infrastructure Cybersecurity developed 
        by the National Institute of Standards and Technology and 
        referred to in Executive Order 13800 issued on May 11, 2017 (82 
        Fed. Reg. 22391 et seq.).
            (3) Institute.--The term ``Institute'' means the National 
        Institute of Standards and Technology.
            (4) Institution of higher education.--The term 
        ``institution of higher education'' has the meaning given such 
        term in section 101 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
        U.S.C. 1001).
            (5) NIST associate.--The term ``NIST associate'' means any 
        guest researcher, research associate, facility user, or 
        volunteer who conducts research at a National Institute of 
        Standards and Technology facility, but is not an employee of 
        the National Institute of Standards and Technology or of 
        another Federal department or agency.
            (6) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary 
        of Commerce.

       TITLE IV--NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION

SEC. 401. ESTABLISHMENT OF A TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER OFFICE.

    (a) Technology Transfer Office.--The Administrator shall establish 
a technology transfer office at the corporate agency level.
    (b) Technology Transfer Coordinator.--The Administrator shall 
appoint a Technology Transfer Coordinator to be the principal advisor 
to the Administrator on all matters relating to technology transfer and 
commercialization and will serve as director of the technology transfer 
office.
    (c) Qualifications.--The Coordinator shall be an individual who, by 
reason of professional background and experience, is specially 
qualified to advise the Administrator on matters pertaining to 
technology transfer at the Agency.
    (d) Duties of the Coordinator.--The Coordinator shall oversee--
            (1) the expenditure of funds allocated for technology 
        transfer within the Agency;
            (2) efforts to improve research to operations within the 
        Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research and other Agency 
        line offices;
            (3) efforts to engage private sector entities, including 
        venture capital companies;
            (4) efforts to engage State and local governments;
            (5) coordinate efforts across the Agency; and
            (6) facilitate knowledge transfer from Agency/Federal 
        standards to commercial, State, and local governments.
    (e) Technology Transfer Responsibility.--Nothing in this section 
affects the technology transfer responsibilities of Federal employees 
under the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 
3701 et seq.).
    (f) Planning and Reporting.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
        enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall submit to 
        Congress a technology transfer execution plan.
            (2) Updates.--Each year after the submission of the plan 
        under paragraph (1), the Administrator shall submit to Congress 
        an updated execution plan and reports that describe progress 
        toward meeting goals set forth in the execution plan and the 
        funds expended under subsection (e).

SEC. 402. TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER AND TRANSITIONS ASSESSMENT.

    Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, and 
annually thereafter, the administrator shall transmit to the Committee 
on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives and 
the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate a 
report which shall include--
            (1) report on the Agency's research to operations 
        activities during the previous fiscal year; and
            (2) recommended agency policy changes to increase research 
        to operations activities in the coming fiscal year.

SEC. 403. NATIONAL MESONET PROGRAM.

    (a) Findings.--Congress finds that--
            (1) since the initial establishment of a private-public 
        partnership demonstration program, the National Mesonet Program 
        has leveraged data collected by existing weather station 
        networks to--
                    (A) provide accurate, real-time observation for 
                weather forecasters and emergency response personnel in 
                metropolitan areas across the United States;
                    (B) address persistent impediments, identified in a 
                National Academy of Sciences Report released in 2009, 
                to fulfill the need for broader and denser weather 
                observation networks to improve severe weather lead-
                times;
                    (C) achieve major improvements for the National 
                Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and the broader 
                American Weather Enterprise, despite some significant 
                development issues and cost overruns, according to a 
                National Academy of Sciences Report released in 2011;
                    (D) increase the amount of non-Federal weather data 
                available to government by orders of magnitude; and
                    (E) improve understanding of the impact, the size 
                and duration of mesoscale weather events; and
            (2) as a joint collaboration between the National Oceanic 
        and Atmospheric Administration and the National Weather 
        Service, the National Mesonet Program is a critical component 
        of agency operations and provides reliable, real-time 
        prediction and observation capabilities for the physical 
        environment that enhances response and prevention strategies to 
        severe weather events.
    (b) Program.--The National Weather Service shall carry out the 
National Mesonet Program under law to improve understanding of and 
forecast capabilities for atmospheric events, placing priority on 
leveraging available commercial and other non-Federal weather data to 
enhance coordination across the private, public, and academic sectors 
of the American weather enterprise.
    (c) Program Elements.--The program described in subsection (b) 
shall focus on the following activities:
            (1) Improving the National Oceanic and Atmospheric 
        Administration and the National Weather Service's ability to 
        provide the baseline forecasts and warnings that protect the 
        Nation's citizens, businesses, military, and government 
        agencies and enable them to operate and perform in safe, 
        efficient, and orderly manners.
            (2) Yielding significant amounts of boundary-layer data to 
        result in dramatic improvements in numerical weather prediction 
        performance.
            (3) Providing the critical technical and administrative 
        infrastructure needed to facilitate rapid integration of new 
        and emerging surface, boundary layer, and space-based networks 
        anticipated in coming years.
            (4) Leveraging existing networks of environmental 
        monitoring stations to dramatically increase the quantity and 
        density of weather observations available to the National 
        Weather Service at a highly cost-effective price.
            (5) Supporting the National Weather Service in reaching its 
        target of a 30-minute warning time for severe weather through 
        better predictive algorithms driven by increasingly effective 
        observations.
    (d) Authorization of Appropriations.--Of amounts otherwise made 
available to the National Weather Service, there are authorized to 
carry out this section $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2021, $26,000,000 
for fiscal year 2022, $27,000,000 for fiscal year 2023, $28,000,000 for 
fiscal year 2024, $29,000,000 for fiscal year 2025, and $30,000,000 for 
fiscal year 2026.

SEC. 404. SEVERE WEATHER EXTRAMURAL TESTBEDS.

    (a) Findings.--Congress finds the following:
            (1) The Weather Research and Forecasting Innovation Act of 
        2017 instructs NOAA to prioritize improving weather data, 
        modeling, computing, forecasting and warnings for the 
        protection of life and property and for the enhancement of the 
        national economy.
            (2) The Weather Research and Forecasting Innovation Act of 
        2017 has also mandated that the NOAA Office of Oceanic and 
        Atmospheric Research prioritize involving extramural partners 
        to leverage existing public and private resources to expand and 
        improve weather forecasting and modeling as quickly and 
        efficiently as possible.
            (3) There is a need for additional weather research and 
        forecasting innovation given the increasing number of severe 
        weather events and their increasing effect on public health, 
        safety, and national and regional economic well-being.
    (b) Program.--Not later than 180 days after the enactment of this 
Act, the Assistant Administrator for the Office of Oceanic and 
Atmospheric Research shall establish a program to create one or more 
weather research testbeds, hosted by extramural university based 
partners, to develop improved understanding of and forecast 
capabilities for atmospheric events and their impacts. Resources for 
such testbeds shall not be taken from the existing NOAA cooperative 
institutes.
    (c) Program Elements.--The program described in subsection (b) 
shall focus on the following activities:
            (1) Improving the fundamental understanding of weather, 
        including the boundary layer and other processes affecting high 
        impact weather events.
            (2) Improving the understanding of how the public receives, 
        interprets, and responds to warnings and forecasts of high 
        impact weather events that endanger life and property.
            (3) Research and development, and transfer of knowledge, 
        technologies, and applications to the National Weather Service 
        and other appropriate agencies and entities, including the 
        United States weather industry and academic partners.
    (d) Extramural Research.--
            (1) In general.--In carrying out the program under this 
        section, the Assistant Administrator for Oceanic and 
        Atmospheric Research shall collaborate with and support the 
        non-Federal weather research community, which includes 
        institutions of higher education, private entities, and 
        nongovernmental organizations, by making funds available 
        through competitive grants, contracts, and cooperative 
        agreements. Preference shall be given to applicants with 
        significant expertise in severe weather research that are co-
        located with existing NOAA intramural weather related 
        laboratories.
            (2) Extramural academic partners.--Of the funds authorized 
        in subsection (e), not less than 80 percent shall be dedicated 
        to research of extramural academic partners.
    (e) Authorization of Appropriations.--For each of fiscal years 2021 
and 2022, there are authorized out of funds appropriated to the 
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, $10,000,000 to carry 
out the activities of this section.

SEC. 405. NEXT GENERATION DIGITAL RADAR.

    (a) Findings.--Congress finds that--
            (1) the national weather radar network is aging, and 
        procurement and replacement must begin by early in the decade 
        commencing with the year 2030;
            (2) research by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric 
        Administration on next generation radar systems has largely 
        focused on the development of a phased array radar for severe 
        weather forecasting;
            (3) a phased array radar system can achieve precise 
        measurements of precipitation rates and conditions through a 
        rapid scan of the atmosphere to reveal critical weather 
        thumbprints that point to the potential of severe weather;
            (4) though initially established through the joint 
        collaboration between the Federal Aviation Administration and 
        the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the 
        potential for use of the phased array radar for severe weather 
        observations has emerged as the focus;
            (5) lifetime operations and maintenance costs will be 
        significantly reduced due to the simple, digital process for 
        updating the digital array radar system; and
            (6) the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 
        must continue to conduct crucial technical risk reduction 
        research to be ready for the next generation of radar networks.
    (b) Program.--The Under Secretary of Commerce for Oceans and 
Atmosphere shall develop, in collaboration with the Assistant 
Administrators for Weather Services and Oceanic and Atmospheric 
Research, and utilizing NOAA's existing academic partners for 
implementation, a technical risk reduction program, that will lead to 
the baseline requirements to procure an all-digital ground based phased 
array radar system for initial deployment by no later than 2032. At a 
minimum, such a program must demonstrate the ability to significantly 
improve the accuracy of severe weather forecasts while lowering long 
term Federal operating costs.
    (c) Program Elements.--The program described in subsection (b) 
shall focus on the following activities:
            (1) Definition of key system requirements needed to cost 
        effectively lead to significantly improve weather forecasting 
        accuracy and precision through a nationwide all-digital ground 
        based phased array weather radar system.
            (2) Identification of critical technologies and subsystems 
        on the critical path to the development of an all-digital 
        phased array system, and an investment schedule to reduce risk 
        in each designated area.
            (3) Development of a full-scale digital phased array radar 
        demonstrator that will meet requirements set in paragraph (1).
            (4) Development of a multi-year effort to strengthen ties 
        between NOAA and its public university based academic partners 
        so as to maintain an ongoing reservoir of science and 
        technology talent to help to guide and advise Federal program 
        managers on the implementation and use of an all-digital phased 
        array radar system.
    (d) Authorization of Appropriations.--Of the amounts otherwise made 
available to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's 
Operations, Research, and Facilities Action, there are authorized to 
carry out this section $20,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2021 
through 2025.

SEC. 406. FELLOWSHIPS.

    (a) In General.--To carry out the educational and training 
objectives of this Act, the Administrator shall support a program of 
weather fellowships for qualified individuals at the graduate and 
postgraduate level. The fellowships shall be related to meteorology, 
atmospheric science, space weather, and climatology and awarded 
pursuant to guidelines established by the Administrator.
    (b) Weather Fellowship.--The Administrator may award weather 
fellowships to support the placement of individuals at the graduate 
level of education in fields related to meteorology, atmospheric 
science, space weather, and climatology within NOAA. A fellowship 
awarded under this subsection shall be for a period of not more than 1 
year.

SEC. 407. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    (a) Findings.--Congress finds the following:
            (1) The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 
        promotes United States science and innovation by providing 
        weather forecasts, severe storm warnings, and climate 
        monitoring that support and affect more than one-third of the 
        national gross domestic product.
            (2) The Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research provides 
        science that enables better forecasts, earlier warnings for 
        natural disasters, and a greater understanding of the Earth.
            (3) The cutting-edge research conducted at OAR provides 
        citizens, planners, and emergency managers reliable information 
        that is critical to daily life.
    (b) Authorization of Appropriations.--Of amounts otherwise 
available to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, there 
are authorized to be appropriated for the Office of Oceanic and 
Atmospheric Research--
            (1) $590,000,000 for fiscal year 2020;
            (2) $655,555,555 for fiscal year 2021;
            (3) $721,111,110 for fiscal year 2022;
            (4) $786,666,665 for fiscal year 2023;
            (5) $852,222,220 for fiscal year 2024;
            (6) $917,777,775 for fiscal year 2025;
            (7) $983,333,330 for fiscal year 2026;
            (8) $1,048,888,885 for fiscal year 2027;
            (9) $1,114,444,440 for fiscal year 2028; and
            (10) $1,180,000,000 for fiscal year 2029.

                  TITLE V--NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION

SEC. 501. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    (a) Fiscal Year 2020.--
            (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
        the Foundation $8,278,330,000 for fiscal year 2020.
            (2) Specific allocation.--Of the amount authorized by 
        paragraph (1)--
                    (A) $6,737,200,000 shall be made available for 
                research and related activities;
                    (B) $940,000,000 shall be made available for 
                education and human resources including--
                            (i) $75,000,000 for the Advanced Technical 
                        Education Program;
                            (ii) $313,500,000 for the Graduate Research 
                        Fellowship Program;
                            (iii) $67,000,000 for the Robert Noyce 
                        Teacher Scholarship Program; and
                            (iv) $68,750,000 for the CyberCorps 
                        Scholarship for Service Program;
                    (C) $243,230,000 shall be made available for major 
                research equipment and facilities construction, of 
                which $65,000,000 shall be for mid-scale projects;
                    (D) $336,900,000 shall be made available for agency 
                operations and award management;
                    (E) $4,500,000 shall be made available for the 
                Office of the National Science Board; and
                    (F) $16,500,000 shall be made available for the 
                Office of the Inspector General.
    (b) Fiscal Year 2021.--
            (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
        the Foundation $9,422,160,000 for fiscal year 2021.
            (2) Specific allocation.--Of the amount authorized by 
        paragraph (1)--
                    (A) $7,824,000,000 shall be made available for 
                research and related activities;
                    (B) $980,000,000 shall be made available for 
                education and human resources including--
                            (i) $79,200,000 for the Advanced Technical 
                        Education Program;
                            (ii) $342,000,000 for the Graduate Research 
                        Fellowship Program;
                            (iii) $97,500,000 for the Robert Noyce 
                        Teacher Scholarship Program; and
                            (iv) $82,500,000 for the CyberCorps 
                        Scholarship for Service Program;
                    (C) $255,000,000 shall be made available for major 
                research equipment and facilities construction, of 
                which $90,000,000 shall be for mid-scale projects;
                    (D) $343,000,000 shall be made available for agency 
                operations and award management;
                    (E) $4,500,000 shall be made available for the 
                Office of the National Science Board; and
                    (F) $15,660,000 shall be made available for the 
                Office of the Inspector General.
    (c) Fiscal Year 2022.--
            (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
        the Foundation $10,106,500,000 for fiscal year 2022.
            (2) Specific allocation.--Of the amount authorized by 
        paragraph (1)--
                    (A) $8,476,000,000 shall be made available for 
                research and related activities;
                    (B) $1,005,000,000 shall be made available for 
                education and human resources including--
                            (i) $85,800,000 for the Advanced Technical 
                        Education Program;
                            (ii) $370,500,000 for the Graduate Research 
                        Fellowship Program;
                            (iii) $113,750,000 for the Robert Noyce 
                        Teacher Scholarship Program; and
                            (iv) $96,250,000 for the CyberCorps 
                        Scholarship for Service Program;
                    (C) $255,000,000 shall be made available for major 
                research equipment and facilities construction, of 
                which $90,000,000 shall be for mid-scale projects;
                    (D) $350,000,000 shall be made available for agency 
                operations and award management;
                    (E) $4,500,000 shall be made available for the 
                Office of the National Science Board; and
                    (F) $16,000,000 shall be made available for the 
                Office of the Inspector General.
    (d) Fiscal Year 2023.--
            (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
        the Foundation $10,790,800,000 for fiscal year 2023.
            (2) Specific allocation.--Of the amount authorized by 
        paragraph (1)--
                    (A) $9,128,000,000 shall be made available for 
                research and related activities;
                    (B) $1,029,000,000 shall be made available for 
                education and human resources including--
                            (i) $92,400,000 for the Advanced Technical 
                        Education Program;
                            (ii) $399,000,000 for the Graduate Research 
                        Fellowship Program;
                            (iii) $130,000,000 for the Robert Noyce 
                        Teacher Scholarship Program; and
                            (iv) $110,000,000 for the CyberCorps 
                        Scholarship for Service Program;
                    (C) $255,000,000 shall be made available for major 
                research equipment and facilities construction, of 
                which $90,000,000 shall be for mid-scale projects;
                    (D) $358,000,000 shall be made available for agency 
                operations and award management;
                    (E) $4,500,000 shall be made available for the 
                Office of the National Science Board; and
                    (F) $16,300,000 shall be made available for the 
                Office of the Inspector General.
    (e) Fiscal Year 2024.--
            (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
        the Foundation $11,501,100,000 for fiscal year 2024.
            (2) Specific allocation.--Of the amount authorized by 
        paragraph (1)--
                    (A) $9,780,000,000 shall be made available for 
                research and related activities;
                    (B) $1,050,000,000 shall be made available for 
                education and human resources including--
                            (i) $99,000,000 for the Advanced Technical 
                        Education Program;
                            (ii) $427,500,000 for the Graduate Research 
                        Fellowship Program;
                            (iii) $132,600,000 for the Robert Noyce 
                        Teacher Scholarship Program; and
                            (iv) $112,200,000 for the CyberCorps 
                        Scholarship for Service Program;
                    (C) $285,000,000 shall be made available for major 
                research equipment and facilities construction, of 
                which $120,000,000 shall be for mid-scale projects;
                    (D) $365,000,000 shall be made available for agency 
                operations and award management;
                    (E) $4,500,000 shall be made available for the 
                Office of the National Science Board; and
                    (F) $16,600,000 shall be made available for the 
                Office of the Inspector General.
    (f) Fiscal Year 2025.--
            (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
        the Foundation $12,182,500,000 for fiscal year 2025.
            (2) Specific allocation.--Of the amount authorized by 
        paragraph (1)--
                    (A) $10,432,000,000 shall be made available for 
                research and related activities;
                    (B) $1,072,000,000 shall be made available for 
                education and human resources including--
                            (i) $105,600,000 for the Advanced Technical 
                        Education Program;
                            (ii) $456,000,000 for the Graduate Research 
                        Fellowship Program;
                            (iii) $135,300,000 for the Robert Noyce 
                        Teacher Scholarship Program; and
                            (iv) $114,400,000 for the CyberCorps 
                        Scholarship for Service Program;
                    (C) $285,000,000 shall be made available for major 
                research equipment and facilities construction, of 
                which $205,000,000 shall be for mid-scale projects;
                    (D) $372,000,000 shall be made available for agency 
                operations and award management;
                    (E) $4,500,000 shall be made available for the 
                Office of the National Science Board; and
                    (F) $17,000,000 shall be made available for the 
                Office of the Inspector General.
    (g) Fiscal Year 2026.--
            (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
        the Foundation $12,863,800,000 for fiscal year 2026.
            (2) Specific allocation.--Of the amount authorized by 
        paragraph (1)--
                    (A) $11,084,000,000 shall be made available for 
                research and related activities;
                    (B) $1,093,000,000 shall be made available for 
                education and human resources including--
                            (i) $112,200,000 for the Advanced Technical 
                        Education Program;
                            (ii) $484,500,000 for the Graduate Research 
                        Fellowship Program;
                            (iii) $138,000,000 for the Robert Noyce 
                        Teacher Scholarship Program; and
                            (iv) $116,700,000 for the CyberCorps 
                        Scholarship for Service Program;
                    (C) $285,000,000 shall be made available for major 
                research equipment and facilities construction, of 
                which $225,000,000 shall be for mid-scale projects;
                    (D) $380,000,000 shall be made available for agency 
                operations and award management;
                    (E) $4,500,000 shall be made available for the 
                Office of the National Science Board; and
                    (F) $17,300,000 shall be made available for the 
                Office of the Inspector General.
    (h) Fiscal Year 2027.--
            (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
        the Foundation $13,555,100,000 for fiscal year 2027.
            (2) Specific allocation.--Of the amount authorized by 
        paragraph (1)--
                    (A) $11,736,000,000 shall be made available for 
                research and related activities;
                    (B) $1,115,000,000 shall be made available for 
                education and human resources including--
                            (i) $118,800,000 for the Advanced Technical 
                        Education Program;
                            (ii) $513,000,000 for the Graduate Research 
                        Fellowship Program;
                            (iii) $140,700,000 for the Robert Noyce 
                        Teacher Scholarship Program; and
                            (iv) $119,000,000 for the CyberCorps 
                        Scholarship for Service Program;
                    (C) $295,000,000 shall be made available for major 
                research equipment and facilities construction, of 
                which $225,000,000 shall be for mid-scale projects;
                    (D) $387,000,000 shall be made available for agency 
                operations and award management;
                    (E) $4,500,000 shall be made available for the 
                Office of the National Science Board; and
                    (F) $17,600,000 shall be made available for the 
                Office of the Inspector General.
    (i) Fiscal Year 2028.--
            (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
        the Foundation $14,237,500,000 for fiscal year 2028.
            (2) Specific allocation.--Of the amount authorized by 
        paragraph (1)--
                    (A) $12,388,000,000 shall be made available for 
                research and related activities;
                    (B) $1,137,000,000 shall be made available for 
                education and human resources including--
                            (i) $125,400,000 for the Advanced Technical 
                        Education Program;
                            (ii) $541,500,000 for the Graduate Research 
                        Fellowship Program;
                            (iii) $143,500,000 for the Robert Noyce 
                        Teacher Scholarship Program; and
                            (iv) $121,400,000 for the CyberCorps 
                        Scholarship for Service Program;
                    (C) $295,000,000 shall be made available for major 
                research equipment and facilities construction, of 
                which $225,000,000 shall be for mid-scale projects;
                    (D) $395,000,000 shall be made available for agency 
                operations and award management;
                    (E) $4,500,000 shall be made available for the 
                Office of the National Science Board; and
                    (F) $18,000,000 shall be made available for the 
                Office of the Inspector General.
    (j) Fiscal Year 2029.--
            (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
        the Foundation $14,918,800,000 for fiscal year 2029.
            (2) Specific allocation.--Of the amount authorized by 
        paragraph (1)--
                    (A) $13,040,000,000 shall be made available for 
                research and related activities;
                    (B) $1,158,000,000 shall be made available for 
                education and human resources including--
                            (i) $132,000,000 for the Advanced Technical 
                        Education Program;
                            (ii) $570,000,000 for the Graduate Research 
                        Fellowship Program;
                            (iii) $146,400,000 for the Robert Noyce 
                        Teacher Scholarship Program; and
                            (iv) $123,800,000 for the CyberCorps 
                        Scholarship for Service Program;
                    (C) $295,000,000 shall be made available for major 
                research equipment and facilities construction, of 
                which $225,000,000 shall be for mid-scale projects;
                    (D) $403,000,000 shall be made available for agency 
                operations and award management;
                    (E) $4,500,000 shall be made available for the 
                Office of the National Science Board; and
                    (F) $18,300,000 shall be made available for the 
                Office of the Inspector General.

SEC. 502. NSF ORGANIZATIONAL REVIEW.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) since its establishment in 1950, the National Science 
        Foundation has been the gold standard for the world in funding 
        basic science and engineering research;
            (2) the National Science Foundation should continue to fund 
        competitive, merit-reviewed basic research across all fields of 
        science and engineering to achieve its statutory mission;
            (3) scientific research has become increasingly 
        interdisciplinary, crossing the boundaries of individual fields 
        and the divisions and directorates of the National Science 
        Foundation that support research grants; and
            (4) as the nature of scientific research changes, it is 
        important for the institutions that support science like the 
        National Science Foundation, to periodically evaluate whether 
        the organization needs to evolve to continue to fund the best 
        science, the best scientists, and the most groundbreaking 
        research.
    (b) Study.--Not later than 60 days after the date of enactment of 
this Act, the Director shall contract with the National Academy of 
Public Administration (referred to in this section as the ``National 
Academy'') to conduct a study on the organizational and management 
structure of the Foundation, to--
            (1) evaluate and make recommendations for the structure of 
        the Foundation's directorates, divisions, and offices of the 
        Foundation to efficiently and effectively fund and oversee 
        research grants and education and training programs;
            (2) evaluate and make recommendations for any structural 
        changes needed to improve the support for cross-disciplinary 
        and trans-disciplinary research;
            (3) evaluate and make recommendations for the long-term 
        planning and development of research infrastructure projects; 
        and
            (4) make recommendations for the management of the 
        Foundation's business practices, including personnel and 
        financial management.
    (c) Report to Congress.--Upon completion of the study under 
subsection (b), the Director shall transmit the study to Congress along 
with a summary of the Director's plans, if any, to implement the 
recommendations of the National Academy.

SEC. 503. ETHICS AND SECURITY PLANS.

    (a) Development of Ethics and Security Policies.--Not later than 6 
months after the date of enactment of this Act, the Director shall 
develop and implement a policy requiring that all proposals for 
research funding from the Foundation include, if applicable, a plan for 
managing the risk of any potential ethical or security implications 
resulting from such research.
    (b) Requirements.--The policy shall--
            (1) include clear guidance of what constitutes ethical and 
        security risks;
            (2) include field specific guidance as appropriate, which 
        may include biology, artificial intelligence, or cybersecurity;
            (3) include mechanisms to ensure appropriate evaluation of 
        the submitted ethical and security plans required under this 
        section;
            (4) include mechanisms to ensure that researchers comply 
        with approved ethical and security plans; and
            (5) to the extent practical be harmonized with existing 
        ethical and security policies or requirements, including the 
        Common Rule (Federal Policy for the Protection of Human 
        Subjects, 45 CFR 690).
    (c) Limitation.--The policy developed under subsection (a) shall 
not factor into award decisions unless deemed necessary by the merit 
review panel for each program.

SEC. 504. MAJOR RESEARCH INSTRUMENTATION UPDATE.

    Section 7036(a) of the America COMPETES Act of 2007 (42 U.S.C. 
1862o-14) is amended by striking ``The maximum award under the program 
shall be $4,000,000 except if the total amount appropriated for the 
program for a fiscal year exceeds $125,000,000, in which case the 
maximum amount of an award shall be $6,000,000'' and inserting ``The 
maximum amount of an award under the program shall be $6,000,000''.

SEC. 505. NSF MID-SCALE PROJECT INVESTMENTS.

    (a) Findings.--Congress finds the following:
            (1) The Foundation funds major research facilities, 
        infrastructure, and instrumentation that provide unique 
        capabilities at the frontiers of science and engineering.
            (2) Modern and effective research facilities, 
        infrastructure, and instrumentation are critical to maintaining 
        United States leadership in science and engineering.
            (3) The costs of some proposed research instrumentation, 
        equipment, and upgrades to major research facilities fall 
        between programs currently funded by the Foundation, creating a 
        gap between the established parameters of the Major Research 
        Instrumentation and Major Research Equipment and Facilities 
        Construction programs, including projects that have been 
        identified as cost-effective additions of high priority to the 
        advancement of scientific understanding.
            (4) The National Science Board in a 2018 report to 
        Congress, ``Bridging the Gap: Building a Sustained Approach to 
        Mid-scale Research Infrastructure and Cyberinfrastructure at 
        NSF'' recommended funding mid-scale projects in the $20,000,000 
        to $70,000,000 range through the major research equipment and 
        facilities program.
    (b) Mid-Scale Projects.--
            (1) In general.--The Foundation may fund mid-scale projects 
        through the major research equipment and facilities 
        construction program.
            (2) Project oversight update.--Section 110 of the American 
        Innovation and Competitiveness Act (42 U.S.C. 1862s-2) is 
        amended by striking (g)(2) and inserting the following:
            ``(2) Major multi-user research facility project.--The term 
        `major multi-user research facility project' means a science 
        and engineering construction or acquisition project that 
        exceeds $100,000,000 in total project costs to the 
        Foundation.''.
    (c) Definition of Mid-Scale Projects.--In this section, the term 
``mid-scale projects'' means research instrumentation, equipment, and 
upgrades to major research facilities or other research infrastructure 
investments that exceed the maximum award funded by the major research 
instrumentation program and are below $100,000,000 total project cost.

SEC. 506. REPRODUCIBILITY IN SCIENCE.

    (a) In General.--The Director shall award grants, on a competitive 
basis, to institutions of higher education or nonprofit organizations 
(or a consortia thereof) to--
            (1) support research and development of open source, usable 
        tools and infrastructure that support reproducibility for a 
        broad range of studies across different disciplines;
            (2) support research on computational reproducibility, 
        including the limits of reproducibility and the consistency of 
        computational results in the development of new computation 
        hardware, tools, and methods;
            (3) support the education and training of students, 
        faculty, and researchers on computational methods and tools to 
        improve the quality of data and code to produce reproducible 
        research; and
            (4) support the education and training of students, 
        faculty, and researchers on the knowledge, skills, and tools 
        needed to conduct research that adheres to the highest 
        scientific standard and to be able to clearly communicate 
        methods and results accurately and appropriately to reflect the 
        uncertainty involved in the research.
    (b) Data Repositories.--Not later than 12 months after the date of 
enactment of this Act, the Director of the National Science Foundation 
shall coordinate with the heads of other Federal science agencies to 
develop a set of criteria for trusted open repositories to be used by 
the scientific community in order to facilitate the transparent sharing 
and availability of data and code for federally funded research 
studies.
    (c) Definition of Reproducibility.--For the purposes of this 
section, the term ``reproducibility'' means obtaining consistent 
results using the same input data, computational steps, methods and 
code, and conditions of analysis.

SEC. 507. PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS.

    (a) In General.--The Director shall pursue partnerships with 
private industry, private foundations, and/or other appropriate private 
entities to--
            (1) enhance the impact of the Foundation's investments and 
        contributions to American economic competitiveness and 
        security; and
            (2) make available infrastructure, expertise, and financial 
        resources to the United States scientific and engineering 
        research and education enterprise.
    (b) Merit-Review.--Nothing in this section shall be construed as 
altering any intellectual or broader impacts criteria at the Foundation 
for evaluating grant applications.

SEC. 508. EPSCOR.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--
            (1) In general.--It is the sense of Congress that--
                    (A) since maintaining the Nation's scientific and 
                economic leadership requires the participation of 
                talented individuals nationwide, EPSCoR investments 
                into State research and education capacities that are 
                in the Federal interest and should be sustained; and
                    (B) EPSCoR should maintain its experimental 
                component by supporting innovative methods for 
                improving research capacity and competitiveness.
            (2) Definition of epscor.--In this subsection, the term 
        ``EPSCoR'' has the meaning given the term in section 502 of the 
        America COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 1862p 
        note).
    (b) Update of EPSCoR.--Section 517(f)(2) of the America COMPETES 
Reauthorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 1862p-9(f)(2)) is amended--
            (1) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``and'' at the end; 
        and
            (2) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(C) to increase the capacity of rural communities 
                to provide quality STEM education and STEM workforce 
                development programming to students, and teachers; 
                and''.

SEC. 509. COMPUTING ENCLAVE PILOT PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--The Director in consultation with the Director of 
the National Institute of Standards and Technology and the Secretary of 
Energy, shall award grants to establish a pilot program to ensure the 
security of federally supported research data and to assist regional 
institutions of higher education and their researchers in compliance 
with regulations regarding the safeguarding of sensitive information 
and other relevant regulations and Federal guidelines.
    (b) Structure.--In carrying out the pilot program established 
pursuant to subsection (a), the Director shall select three 
institutions of higher education from among institutions classified 
under the Indiana University Center for Postsecondary Research Carnegie 
Classification as a doctorate-granting university with a very high 
level of research activity, and with a history of working with secure 
information for the development, installation, maintenance, or 
sustainment of secure computing enclaves.
    (c) Regionalization.--
            (1) In selecting universities pursuant to subsection (b), 
        the Director shall give preference to institutions of higher 
        education with the capability of serving other regional 
        universities.
            (2) The enclaves should be geographically dispersed to 
        better meet the needs of regional interests.
    (d) Program Elements.--The Director shall work with Institutions of 
Higher Education selected pursuant to subsection (b) to--
            (1) develop an approved design blueprint for compliance 
        with Federal data protection protocols;
            (2) develop a comprehensive and confidential list, or a 
        bill of materials, of each binary component of the software, 
        firmware, or product that is required to deploy additional 
        secure computing enclaves;
            (3) develop templates for all policies and procedures 
        required to operate the secure computing enclave in a research 
        setting;
            (4) develop a system security plan template; and
            (5) develop a process for managing a plan of action and 
        milestones for the secure computing enclave.
    (e) Duration.--The pilot program established pursuant to subsection 
(a) shall operate for not less than 3 years.
    (f) Report.--
            (1) In general.--The Director shall report to Congress not 
        later than 6 months after the completion of the pilot program 
        under subsection (a).
            (2) Contents.--The report required under paragraph (1) 
        shall include--
                    (A) an assessment of the pilot program under 
                subsection (a), including an assessment of the security 
                benefits provided by such secure computing enclaves;
                    (B) recommendations related to the value of 
                expanding the network of secure computing enclaves; and
                    (C) recommendations on the efficacy of the use of 
                secure computing enclaves by other Federal agencies in 
                a broader effort to expand security of Federal 
                research.

SEC. 510. DEFINITIONS.

    In this title, unless expressly provided otherwise:
            (1) Director.--The term ``Director'' means the Director of 
        the National Science Foundation.
            (2) Federal science agency.--The term ``Federal science 
        agency'' has the meaning given the term in section 103 of the 
        America COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 6623).
            (3) Foundation.--The term ``Foundation'' means the National 
        Science Foundation.
            (4) Institution of higher education.--The term 
        ``institution of higher education'' has the meaning given the 
        term in section 101(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
        U.S.C. 1001(a)).

             TITLE VI--STEM WORKFORCE FOR THE 21ST CENTURY

SEC. 601. FINDINGS; SENSE OF CONGRESS.

    (a) Findings.--Congress finds the following:
            (1) Many reports over the past decade have found that it is 
        critical to our Nation's economic leadership and global 
        competitiveness that the United States educates and trains more 
        scientists and engineers.
            (2) According to the National Science Board's Science and 
        Engineering Indicators, the science and engineering workforce 
        has grown faster over time than the workforce overall and now 
        represents 5 percent of all United States jobs, with a median 
        salary more than double that of non-science and engineering 
        occupations.
            (3) According to Bureau of Labor Statistics projections, 
        the faster growth in STEM employment relative to overall 
        employment is expected to continue, and the United States will 
        need one million additional STEM professionals than it is on 
        track to produce in the coming decade.
            (4) A recent report by ACT, the scholastic testing service, 
        found that only 20 percent of United States students in the 
        2016 ACT-tested high school graduating class were ready for 
        first-year STEM college courses.
            (5) Out of the 70 countries that participate in the 
        Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development's 
        Programme for International Student Assessment, the United 
        States ranks 25th in science and 40th in mathematics.
            (6) The Federal Government spends over $3 billion annually 
        on STEM education related research, programs and activities, 
        but encouraging STEM education activities beyond the scope of 
        the Federal Government is crucial to the future technical and 
        economic competitiveness of the United States.
    (b) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) the Nation's future economic and national security 
        relies on building a STEM-capable workforce in order to remain 
        competitive in the global economy, foster greater innovation, 
        and provide a foundation for shared prosperity;
            (2) the Federal Government plays a key role in developing 
        and sustaining a STEM-capable workforce by working with 
        stakeholders at all levels, including researchers, 
        practitioners, industry, and State and local governments to 
        support and promote evidence-based approaches;
            (3) applying a more holistic view of the STEM workforce 
        that moves beyond academic degrees and occupations will 
        highlight the contributions and opportunities for workers at 
        all education levels;
            (4) increasing the diversity and inclusion in the STEM 
        workforce is needed to help address the STEM skills shortage;
            (5) supporting an interdisciplinary approach to STEM 
        learning, where academic concepts are coupled with real-world 
        applications and students use STEM in contexts that make 
        connections between school, community, work, and the wider 
        world will improve outcomes for students in elementary, 
        secondary and post-secondary education and for skilled 
        technical workers in different career stages;
            (6) leveraging private and nonprofit investments in STEM 
        education will be essential to strengthening the Federal STEM 
        portfolio; and
            (7) coordinating STEM programs and activities across the 
        Federal Government in order to limit duplication and engage 
        stakeholders in STEM programs and related activities for which 
        objective outcomes can be measured will bolster results of 
        Federal STEM education programs, improve the return on 
        taxpayers' investments in STEM education programs, and in turn 
        strengthen the United States economy.

SEC. 602. ADVANCED TECHNICAL EDUCATION AND SKILLED TECHNICAL WORKFORCE.

    (a) Findings.--Congress finds the following:
            (1) A National Academies of Science, Engineering, and 
        Medicine report predicts a shortfall of nearly 3,400,000 
        skilled technical workers by 2022.
            (2) The National Science Foundation's Advanced Technical 
        Education program is critical to helping improve the training 
        of the skilled technical workforce, with an emphasis on two-
        year Institutions of Higher Education (IHEs) and educating 
        technicians for the high-technology fields that drive our 
        nation's economy.
            (3) The National Science Board's 2019 report on the skilled 
        technical workforce called for strengthening partnerships 
        between skilled technical workforce programs and business and 
        industry.
    (b) Advanced Technical Education Program Update.--Section 3(b) of 
the Scientific and Advanced-Technology Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 1862i(b)) 
is amended to read as follows:
    ``(b) National Coordination Network for Science and Technical 
Education.--The Director shall award grants to institutions of higher 
education, nonprofit institutions, associate-degree granting colleges 
(or consortia thereof) to establish a network of centers for science 
and technical education. The centers shall--
            ``(1) coordinate research, training and education 
        activities funded by awards under subsection (a) and share 
        information and best practices across the network of awardees;
            ``(2) serve as national and regional clearinghouse and 
        resource to communicate and coordinate research, training and 
        educational activities across disciplinary, organizational, 
        geographic and international boundaries and disseminate best 
        practices; and
            ``(3) develop national and regional partnerships between K-
        12 schools, two-year colleges, institutions of higher 
        education, workforce development programs, and industry to meet 
        workforce needs.''.
    (c) NSF Portfolio Review and Coordination Plan.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
        enactment of this Act, the Director of the National Science 
        Foundation shall conduct a full portfolio analysis of the 
        Foundation's skilled technical workforce investments and 
        develop a plan to improve coordination and collaboration of 
        research and education investments and the communication of 
        those funding opportunities to the research and education 
        community.
            (2) Submission to congress.--Not later than 180 days after 
        the date of the review and development of the plan under 
        paragraph (1) is complete, the Director of the National Science 
        Foundation shall submit to Congress and make widely available 
        to the public a summary of the portfolio review and plan.

SEC. 603. GRADUATE RESEARCH FELLOWSHIP PROGRAM UPDATE.

    (a) Findings.--Congress finds the following:
            (1) The National Science Foundation Graduate Research 
        Fellowship Program is the nation's oldest fellowship program 
        that directly supports American graduate students in various 
        STEM fields and is a model for training the best innovators in 
        the United States.
            (2) Since 1952, NSF has funded over 50,000 Graduate 
        Research Fellowships out of more than 500,000 applicants, 42 
        Fellows have gone on to become Nobel laureates, and more than 
        450 have become members of the National Academy of Sciences.
            (3) Foreign nations are increasingly investing in foreign 
        talent programs to compete with the United States.
    (b) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that the 
National Science Foundation should grow the number of new graduate 
research fellows supported annually over the next 10 years to no less 
than 2,500 fellows.
    (c) Program Update.--Section 10 of the National Science Foundation 
Act of 1950 (42 U.S.C. 1869) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a), by inserting ``and as will address 
        national workforce demand in critical STEM fields'' after 
        ``throughout the United States'';
            (2) in subsection (b), by striking ``of $12,000'' and 
        inserting ``sufficient to cover full tuition and mandatory 
        fees''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(c) Outreach.--The Director shall ensure program outreach to 
recruit fellowship applicants from fields of study that are in areas of 
critical national need, from all regions of the country, and from 
historically underrepresented populations in STEM.''.

SEC. 604. ROBERT NOYCE TEACHER SCHOLARSHIP PROGRAM SENSE OF CONGRESS.

    It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) the Robert Noyce Teacher Scholarship Program plays an 
        important role in supporting the development and dissemination 
        of evidence-based teacher preparation models and the 
        recruitment, preparation, and retention of STEM educators;
            (2) the Robert Noyce Teacher Scholarship Program improves 
        recruitment of underrepresented and STEM-trained students into 
        teaching, encourages teachers to work in high-need areas, and 
        can improve relationships between teacher preparation programs 
        and industry; and
            (3) the Robert Noyce Teacher Scholarship Program which 
        currently supports between 1,000 to 1,500 new math and science 
        teachers a year, including in high-need districts should be 
        doubled over the next ten years to meet the growing demand for 
        STEM capable educators.

      TITLE VII--ANTARCTIC SCIENCE AND CONSERVATION MODERNIZATION

    Subtitle A--Antarctic Nongovernmental Activity Preparedness Act

SEC. 701. CONGRESSIONAL FINDINGS AND DECLARATION OF PURPOSE.

    (a) Findings.--The Congress finds that--
            (1) for over half a century, scientific investigation and 
        environmental protection has been the principal activity of the 
        Federal Government and United States citizens in Antarctica;
            (2) the National Science Foundation funds and manages the 
        United States Antarctic Program, the national program of 
        scientific research in Antarctica, together with associated 
        logistical support activities, infrastructure, as well as broad 
        environmental stewardship responsibilities in Antarctica;
            (3) land- and ship-borne tourism in Antarctica, including 
        tourism that United States-based companies organize or 
        originate, continues to increase at a significant rate;
            (4) achievement of the United States Antarctic Program 
        scientific objectives requires the full commitment of the 
        operational and logistics capabilities of the Program;
            (5) long-standing United States policy regarding private 
        non-governmental expeditions to Antarctica has been not to 
        offer support or other services to private expeditions in 
        Antarctica, and, instead, to encourage complete operational and 
        financial self-sufficiency on the part of non-governmental 
        expeditions to Antarctica;
            (6) in limited emergency situations the United States may 
        attempt, at its discretion and in accordance with international 
        law and humanitarian principles, the rescue of private 
        individuals provided that no unacceptable risks are posed to 
        United States personnel and the rescue can be accomplished by 
        the United States within locally available means;
            (7) increased tourism and other non-governmental activities 
        could result in additional health and safety, search and 
        rescue, medical care and evacuation costs. These costs could 
        increase the financial burden on the United States Antarctic 
        Program, increase the risks to the safety of those involved in 
        search and rescue, and jeopardize scientific objectives through 
        the diversion of resources; and
            (8) in recognition of the growing potential for additional 
        costs to be imposed on national Antarctic programs, the 
        Antarctic Treaty Consultative Parties, including the United 
        States, adopted Measure 4 (2004), ``Insurance and Contingency 
        Planning for Tourism and Non-Governmental Activities in the 
        Antarctic Treaty Area''. Measure 4 (2004), after it takes 
        effect, will require the Parties to impose operational and 
        financial self-sufficiency requirements on non-governmental 
        persons organizing expeditions to Antarctica organized in or 
        proceeding from their country.
    (b) Purpose.--The purpose of this subtitle is to implement Measure 
4 (2004), ``Insurance and Contingency Planning for Tourism and Non-
Governmental Activities in the Antarctic Treaty Area''.

SEC. 702. DEFINITIONS.

    For purposes of this subtitle:
            (1) The term ``Antarctica'' means the area south of 60 
        degrees south latitude.
            (2) The term ``Director'' means the Director of the 
        National Science Foundation.
            (3) The term ``expedition'' means an activity undertaken by 
        one or more non-governmental persons organized within or 
        proceeding from the United States to or within Antarctica for 
        which advance notification is required under Paragraph 5 of 
        Article VII of the Antarctic Treaty. The term ``expedition'' 
        does not include fishing activities or the operation of fishing 
        vessels.
            (4) The term ``person'' has the meaning given that term in 
        section 1 of title 1, United States Code, and includes any 
        person subject to the jurisdiction of the United States except 
        that the term does not include any department, agency, or other 
        instrumentality of the Federal Government.

SEC. 703. OBLIGATION OF PERSONS ORGANIZING EXPEDITIONS TO PREPARE 
              CONTINGENCY PLANS AND OBTAIN INSURANCE.

    (a) Persons organizing expeditions shall--
            (1) prepare and establish appropriate contingency plans and 
        sufficient arrangements for health and safety, search and 
        rescue, medical care and evacuation of persons engaged in an 
        expedition;
            (2) obtain adequate insurance or other financial 
        arrangements to cover all costs associated with search and 
        rescue and medical care and possible evacuation of any persons 
        engaged in an expedition; and
            (3) establish or obtain the contingency plans, arrangements 
        and insurance or other financial arrangements referred to in 
        this subsection prior to the date on which an expedition 
        commences.
    (b) The contingency plans and other arrangements referred to in 
subsection (a) shall not rely on support from national Antarctic 
programs or other agencies of governments conducting research or other 
activities in Antarctica without their express written agreement.

SEC. 704. CERTIFICATION OF COMPLIANCE.

    (a) Persons organizing expeditions shall submit to the Director a 
written certification that confirms its compliance with the 
requirements of section 703 of this subtitle, including a statement 
that all such plans, arrangements and insurance or other financial 
arrangements meet all applicable international and domestic legal and 
regulatory requirements as well as clearly established industry 
standards.
    (b) Any certification filed pursuant to subsection (a) of this 
section shall contain an acknowledgment that any knowing and willful 
false statement made in such certification is punishable under section 
1001 of title 18, United States Code, by fine or imprisonment of not 
more than 5 years, or both. The Director may refer potential violations 
of section 1001 of such title to the Department of Justice for criminal 
prosecution, as appropriate.

SEC. 705. COSTS AND ADMINISTRATIVE FEES.

    (a) If any person organizing an expedition receives any services 
covered by this subtitle from any department, agency, or 
instrumentality of the Federal Government, or contractors working in 
support of such entities, absent an express written agreement for such 
services with the National Science Foundation, the Director may assess 
the costs, direct and indirect, of any such services incurred by the 
National Science Foundation, its contractors, or other department, 
agency or instrumentality of the Federal Government, including all 
reasonable attorney's fees and costs associated with the collection of 
such sums. The Director may request the Attorney General to initiate a 
civil action for the recovery of such costs. The National Science 
Foundation is authorized to retain all monies collected pursuant to 
this subsection and shall distribute such monies to any department, 
agency or instrumentality of the Federal Government to the extent non-
reimbursed costs were actually incurred by those entities. Such monies 
shall remain available for expenditure, without further appropriation, 
until expended.
    (b) Beginning in fiscal year 2014 and thereafter, the Director may 
establish, modify, charge, and collect administrative fees for the 
administration of the requirements of this subtitle. The National 
Science Foundation is authorized to retain all monies collected 
pursuant to this section. Such monies shall remain available for 
expenditure, without further appropriation, until expended.

SEC. 706. FOREIGN EXPEDITIONS.

    A person organizing an expedition shall not be required to comply 
with the provisions of this subtitle if the Secretary of State 
determines at any time, in writing, that another Party to the Antarctic 
Treaty has jurisdiction over that expedition and is exercising its 
authority with regard to that expedition. However, to the extent the 
National Science Foundation, its contractors, or other department, 
agency or instrumentality of the Federal Government incurs direct or 
indirect costs relating to services covered by this subtitle for an 
expedition, those costs remain recoverable against persons subject to 
the jurisdiction of the United States pursuant to section 705.

SEC. 707. CIVIL PENALTIES.

    (a) Assessment of Penalties.--Any person organizing an expedition 
that the Director determines, after notice and an opportunity for a 
hearing, to have failed to comply with the requirements of this 
subtitle, or its implementing regulations, shall be liable to the 
United States for a civil penalty. The amount of the civil penalty 
shall not exceed $125,000 for each violation unless the prohibited act 
was knowingly committed, in which case the amount of the civil penalty 
shall not exceed $250,000 for each violation. Each day an expedition 
remains in Antarctica without complying with the requirements of this 
subtitle shall constitute a separate offense for penalty purposes. The 
amount of any civil penalty shall be assessed by the Director by 
written notice. Any civil penalty assessed under this subsection may be 
remitted or mitigated by the Director.
    (b) Hearings.--Hearings for the assessment of civil penalties under 
subsection (a) shall be conducted in accordance with section 554 of 
title 5, United States Code. For the purposes of conducting any such 
hearing, the Director may issue subpoenas for the attendance and 
testimony of witnesses and the production of relevant papers, books, 
and documents, and may administer oaths. Witnesses summoned shall be 
paid the same fees and mileage that are paid to witnesses in the courts 
of the United States. In case of contumacy or refusal to obey a 
subpoena served upon any person pursuant to this subsection, the 
district court of the United States for any district in which such 
person is found, resides, or transacts business, upon application by 
the United States and after notice to such person, shall have 
jurisdiction to issue an order requiring such person to appear and give 
testimony before the Director or to appear and produce documents before 
the Director, or both, and any failure to obey such order of the court 
may be punished by such court as a contempt thereof.
    (c) Review.--Upon the failure of any person against whom a civil 
penalty is assessed under subsection (a) of this section to pay such 
penalty, the Director may request the Attorney General to institute a 
civil action in a district court of the United States for any district 
in which such person is found, resides, or transacts business to 
collect the penalty and such court shall have jurisdiction to hear and 
decide any such action. The court shall hear such action on the record 
made before the Director and shall sustain the decision of the Director 
if it is supported by substantial evidence on the record considered as 
a whole.
    (d) Penalties Under Other Laws.--The assessment of a civil penalty 
under subsection (a) of this section for any act shall not be deemed to 
preclude the assessment of a civil penalty for such act under any other 
law.

SEC. 708. REGULATIONS.

    The Director may prescribe such regulations as may be appropriate 
to implement and enforce the provisions of this subtitle.

SEC. 709. EFFECTIVE DATE.

    This subtitle shall take effect 180 days after enactment.

       Subtitle B--Antarctic Environmental Liability Act of 2020

SEC. 711. SHORT TITLE.

    This subtitle may be cited as the ``Antarctic Environmental 
Liability Act of 2020''.

SEC. 712. PURPOSE.

    The purpose of this subtitle is to implement Annex VI to the 
Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty, 
``Liability Arising From Environmental Emergencies''.

SEC. 713. IMPLEMENTING AMENDMENTS.

    (a) In General.--The Antarctic Conservation Act of 1978 (16 U.S.C. 
2401 et seq.) is amended--
            (1) in section 3, by striking ``and'' at the end of 
        paragraph (22), striking the period at the end of paragraph 
        (23) and inserting a semicolon, and by adding at the end the 
        following:
            ``(24) the term `Annex VI' means Annex VI to the Protocol 
        on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty, Liability 
        Arising From Environmental Emergencies;
            ``(25) the term `environmental emergency' means any event 
        that occurs after the entry into force of Annex VI, and that 
        results in, or imminently threatens to result in, any 
        significant and harmful impact on the Antarctic environment;
            ``(26) the term `nongovernmental operator' means any 
        operator other than a governmental operator or a contractor or 
        subcontractor acting on behalf of any governmental operator;
            ``(27) the term `operator' means any person who organizes 
        activities (including tourist activities) in the United States 
        to be carried out in Antarctica, and any person who organizes 
        activities (including tourist activities) in a country other 
        than the United States to be carried out in Antarctica if such 
        person has its principal place of business or habitual place of 
        residence in the United States, or is incorporated in the 
        United States, except that the term operator does not include--
                    ``(A) an individual who is an employee, contractor, 
                subcontractor, or agent of, or who is in the service 
                of, a person who organizes activities to be carried out 
                in Antarctica;
                    ``(B) a contractor or subcontractor acting on 
                behalf of any governmental operator; or
                    ``(C) any person who organizes only fishing 
                activities to be carried out in Antarctica;
            ``(28) the term `reasonable', as applied to `preventative 
        measures' and `response action', means measures or actions 
        which are appropriate, practicable, proportionate and based on 
        the availability of objective criteria and information, 
        including--
                    ``(A) risks to the Antarctic environment, and the 
                rate of its natural recovery;
                    ``(B) risks to human life and safety; and
                    ``(C) technological and economic feasibility; and
            ``(29) the term `response action' means reasonable measures 
        taken after an environmental emergency has occurred to avoid, 
        minimize or contain the impact of that environmental emergency, 
        which to that end may include clean-up in appropriate 
        circumstances, and includes determining the extent of that 
        emergency and its impact, except that for purposes of this Act, 
        the definition of `response' contained in section 101(25) of 
        the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and 
        Liability Act (42 U.S.C. 9601(25)) shall not apply.'';
            (2) by inserting after section 4A the following:

``SEC. 4B. PREVENTATIVE MEASURES.

    ``(a) Operators shall undertake reasonable preventative measures 
that are designed to reduce the risk of environmental emergencies and 
their potential adverse impact.
    ``(b) Such preventative measures may include--
            ``(1) specialized structures or equipment incorporated into 
        the design and construction of facilities and means of 
        transportation;
            ``(2) specialized procedures incorporated into the 
        operation or maintenance of facilities and means of 
        transportation; and
            ``(3) specialized training of personnel.

``SEC. 4C. CONTINGENCY PLANS.

    ``(a) Operators shall--
            ``(1) establish contingency plans for responses to 
        incidents with potential adverse impacts on the Antarctic 
        environment or dependent and associated ecosystems; and
            ``(2) cooperate in the formulation and implementation of 
        such contingency plans.
    ``(b) Such contingency plans shall include, when appropriate, the 
following components:
            ``(1) procedures for conducting an assessment of the nature 
        of the incident;
            ``(2) notification procedures;
            ``(3) identification and mobilization of resources;
            ``(4) response plans;
            ``(5) training;
            ``(6) recordkeeping; and
            ``(7) demobilization.

``SEC. 4D. RESPONSE ACTION.

    ``An operator shall take prompt and effective response action to 
environmental emergencies arising from the activities of that 
operator.'';
            (3) by inserting after section 6 the following:

``SEC. 6A. LIABILITY OF NONGOVERNMENTAL OPERATORS.

    ``(a) Liability.--Whenever, on the basis of information available 
to it, a Government of a State Party to Annex VI, other than the United 
States--
            ``(1) finds that a nongovernmental operator has failed to 
        take prompt and effective response action to an environmental 
        emergency arising from that operator's activities, as required 
        by section 4D, and
            ``(2) said Government takes a response action to that 
        environmental emergency, such Government may bring a civil 
        action against that operator to recover the costs of such 
        response action in an appropriate district court in accordance 
        with section 12.
Any such operator found to have violated the requirements of section 4D 
shall be liable to pay to that Government the costs of the response 
action taken by such Government.
    ``(b) Failure To Comply.--Failure of a Government to comply with 
the provisions of Article 5, paragraphs 3, 4, or 5 of Annex VI shall 
not be a defense to liability under this section.
    ``(c) Strict Liability.--Liability pursuant to subsections (a), 
(e), (k), and (l) shall be strict.
    ``(d) Joint Liability.--When an environmental emergency arises from 
the activities of two or more nongovernmental operators, they shall be 
jointly and severally liable under subsection (a), (k), or (l), except 
that an operator which establishes that only part of the environmental 
emergency resulted from its activities shall be liable in respect of 
that part only.
    ``(e) Claims.--Any nongovernmental operator may seek contribution 
from any other nongovernmental operator that is liable or potentially 
liable under section 2406 of this title. Such claims shall be brought 
in accordance with this section and the Federal Rules of Civil 
Procedure, and shall be governed by Federal law. In resolving 
contribution claims, the court may allocate response costs among liable 
parties using such equitable factors as the court determines are 
appropriate. Nothing in this subsection shall diminish the right of any 
person to bring an action for contribution in the absence of a civil 
action under subsection (a), (k), or (l) of section 7.
    ``(f) Period in Which Actions May Be Brought.--
            ``(1) Response period.--An action under section 7(a) or (k) 
        of this title must be commenced within three years of the 
        commencement of the response action or within three years of 
        the date on which the Government bringing the action knew or 
        ought reasonably to have known the identity of the 
        nongovernmental operator, whichever is later. In no event shall 
        an action against a nongovernmental operator be commenced later 
        than 15 years after the commencement of the response action.
            ``(2) Cost recovery period.--An action under section 7(e) 
        of this title for contribution toward costs incurred pursuant 
        to section 7(a) or (b) must be commenced within three years of 
        the date of judgment in any action under section 7(a) or (k) 
        for recovery of such response costs or in the absence of such 
        an action, within three years of the date that the person 
        seeking contribution knew or ought reasonably to have known the 
        identity of the nongovernmental operator.
            ``(3) Cost contribution period.--An action under section 
        7(e) for contribution toward response costs assessed pursuant 
        to section 7(l) must be commenced within three years of the 
        date of the assessment or within three years of the date of any 
        judgment under subsection 7(l)(vii), whichever is later.
    ``(g) Liability Cost Limit.--The maximum amount for which each 
nongovernmental operator may be liable for the costs of response 
actions under sections 7(a), 7(k), or 7(l), in respect of each 
environmental emergency, shall be as follows:
            ``(1) For an environmental emergency arising from an event 
        involving a ship:
                    ``(A) one million SDR for a ship with a tonnage not 
                exceeding 2,000 tons; and
                    ``(B) for a ship with a tonnage in excess of 2,000 
                tons, the following amount in addition to that referred 
                to in subparagraph (A):
                            ``(i) for each ton from 2,001 to 30,000 
                        tons, 400 SDR;
                            ``(ii) for each ton from 30,001 to 70,000 
                        tons, 300 SDR; and
                            ``(iii) for each ton in excess of 70,000 
                        tons, 200 SDR.
            ``(2) For an environmental emergency arising from an event 
        which does not involve a ship, three million SDR.
            ``(3) For the purposes of this subsection:
                    ``(A) `ship' means a vessel of any type whatsoever 
                operating in the marine environment and includes 
                hydrofoil boats, air-cushion vehicles, submersibles, 
                floating craft and fixed or floating platforms;
                    ``(B) `SDR' means the Special Drawing Rights as 
                defined by the International Monetary Fund; and
                    ``(C) a ship's tonnage shall be the gross tonnage 
                calculated in accordance with the tonnage measurement 
                rules contained in Annex I of the International 
                Convention on Tonnage Measurement of Ships, 1969.
    ``(h) Exception.--Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection (g), 
liability shall not be limited if it is proved that the environmental 
emergency resulted from an act or omission of the operator, committed 
with the intent to cause such emergency, or recklessly and with 
knowledge that such emergency would probably result.
    ``(i) Exception.--A nongovernmental operator shall not be liable 
pursuant to subsection (a), subsection (e), subsection (k), or 
subsection (l) if it proves that the environmental emergency was caused 
by--
            ``(1) an act or omission necessary to protect human life or 
        safety;
            ``(2) an event constituting in the circumstances of 
        Antarctica a natural disaster of an exceptional character, 
        which could not have been reasonably foreseen, either generally 
        or in the particular case, provided all reasonable preventative 
        measures were taken that are designed to reduce the risk of 
        environmental emergencies and their potential adverse impact;
            ``(3) an act of terrorism by some other person or entity; 
        or
            ``(4) an act of belligerency by some other person or entity 
        against the activities of the operator.
    ``(j) Insurance Requirement.--Nongovernmental operators shall 
maintain adequate insurance or other financial security, such as the 
guarantee of a bank or similar financial institution, to cover 
liability under section 7 of this title up to the limits set forth in 
subsection (g).
    ``(k) Civil Action.--Whenever, on the basis of information 
available to it, a department, agency or other instrumentality of the 
United States (i) finds that a nongovernmental operator has failed to 
take prompt and effective response action to an environmental emergency 
arising from its activities, as required by section 4D, and (ii) takes 
a response action to that environmental emergency, such department, 
agency or other instrumentality may request the Attorney General to 
bring a civil action to recover the costs of such response action in an 
appropriate district court in accordance with section 12 of this title. 
Any such operator found to have violated the requirements of section 4D 
shall be liable to the United States for the costs of the response 
action taken by said department, agency or instrumentality. The 
department, agency, or other instrumentality of the United States that 
takes a response action under this subsection, or section 9(a), is 
authorized to retain, in its budget, the monies collected pursuant to 
this subsection. Such monies shall remain available for expenditure, 
without further appropriation, until expended by that department, 
agency or other instrumentality.
    ``(l) Notification.--Upon notice that a nongovernmental operator 
has failed to take prompt and effective response action to an 
environmental emergency arising from its activities, as required by 
section 4D, and no response action was taken by any Party to the 
Protocol, the following procedures shall be followed:
            ``(1) The Director, after notice and opportunity for a 
        hearing in accordance with subsection (l)(ii), shall assess the 
        cost of the response action that should have been taken and may 
        assess the reasonable costs incurred by the United States under 
        this subsection to determine that cost. The Director is 
        authorized to promulgate regulations to implement this 
        subsection.
            ``(2) Hearings for the assessment of the costs under 
        subsection (l)(i) shall be conducted in accordance with section 
        554 of title 5, United States Code. For the purposes of 
        conducting any such hearing, the Director may issue subpoenas 
        for the attendance and testimony of witnesses and the 
        production of relevant papers, books, and documents, and may 
        administer oaths. Witnesses summoned shall be paid the same 
        fees and mileage that are paid to witnesses in the courts of 
        the United States. In case of contumacy or refusal to obey a 
        subpoena served upon any person pursuant to this subsection, 
        the district court of the United States for any district in 
        which such person is found, resides, or transacts business, 
        upon application by the United States and after notice to such 
        person, shall have jurisdiction to issue an order requiring 
        such person to appear and give testimony before the Director or 
        to appear and produce documents before the Director and any 
        failure to obey such order of the court may be punished by such 
        court as a contempt thereof.
            ``(3) Response action costs assessed pursuant to this 
        section shall reflect, as much as possible, the costs of the 
        response action that should have been taken and the maximum 
        recovery amount of those costs shall be as set forth in 
        subsection (g). Further, the assessment of response action 
        costs pursuant to this section shall not be deemed to preclude 
        the assessment of additional civil or criminal penalties for 
        violations of any other provision of this Chapter or any other 
        law.
            ``(4) At the request of the Director, and with the 
        concurrence of the Secretary of the Department in which the 
        Coast Guard is operating, the Commandant of the Coast Guard 
        shall--
                    ``(A) render, on a non-reimbursable basis, such 
                assistance that the Director may require, necessary to 
                assess the cost of response action that should have 
                been taken in the case of an environmental emergency 
                caused by the operator's ship-based activities, 
                including any determination concerning the underlying 
                response activity; and
                    ``(B) conduct, on a non-reimbursable basis, an 
                investigation or an evidentiary hearing, necessary to 
                assess the cost of the response action that should have 
                been taken in the case of an environmental emergency 
                caused by the operator's ship-based activities, 
                including any determination concerning the underlying 
                response activity and to submit to the Director 
                proposed findings of fact and recommendations for 
                adjudication by the Director.
            ``(5) With regard to any investigation or evidentiary 
        hearing conducted pursuant to clause (iv), the Director is 
        authorized to delegate, to the Commandant, the authority, set 
        forth in clause (ii), to issue subpoenas and administer oaths, 
        and to pay fees and mileage. In case of contumacy or refusal to 
        obey a subpoena served upon any person pursuant to this clause, 
        the district court of the United States for any district in 
        which such person is found, resides, or transacts business, 
        upon application by the United States and after notice to such 
        person, shall have jurisdiction to issue an order requiring 
        such person to appear and give testimony before the agency head 
        or to appear and produce documents before the agency head, and 
        any failure to obey such order of the court may be punished by 
        such court as a contempt thereof.
            ``(6) The Director shall not commence an administrative 
        proceeding in accordance with clauses (i) and (ii) of this 
        section later than 15 years after the United States Government 
        becomes aware of the environmental emergency.
            ``(7) Upon the failure of any operator against whom costs 
        have been assessed under this section to pay such costs, the 
        Director may request the Attorney General to institute a civil 
        action in a district court of the United States for any 
        district in which such person is found, resides, or transacts 
        business to collect the costs and such court shall have 
        jurisdiction to hear and decide any such action. The court 
        shall hear such action on the record made before the Director 
        pursuant to this section and shall sustain the Director's 
        decision if it is supported by substantial evidence on the 
        record considered as a whole.
    ``(m) Fees.--Any monetary recovery under subsections (a), (k) and 
(l) shall, in addition, include all reasonable attorney's fees and 
costs.
    ``(n) Article 12 Fund.--An amount equal to the amount recovered 
pursuant to section (1) for the cost of the response action that should 
have been taken shall be forwarded to the fund established pursuant to 
Article 12 of Annex VI.
    ``(o) Expenditure.--To the extent the department, agency, or other 
instrumentality of the United States retains monies collected pursuant 
to this section, such entity is authorized to retain, in its budget, 
the monies collected pursuant to this section. Such monies shall remain 
available for expenditure, without further appropriation, until 
expended by that department, agency or other instrumentality of the 
United States.'';
            (4) in section 6--
                    (A) in subsection (a)--
                            (i) by striking ``Annex II and Annex V'' 
                        and inserting ``Annex II, Annex V and Annex 
                        VI''; and
                            (ii) by striking ``including sections 
                        4(b)(2), (3), (4) and (5)'' and inserting 
                        ``including section 3, section 4(b)(2), (3), 
                        (4) and (5), section 4D and section 7''; and
                    (B) in subsection (b), by striking ``to implement 
                Annex IV to the Protocol and the provisions of this Act 
                which implement that Annex'' and inserting ``to 
                implement Annex IV and ship-based matters under Annex 
                VI to the Protocol and the provisions of this Act which 
                implement these Annexes'';
            (5) in section 9--
                    (A) in subsection (a) by adding ``other than a 
                Federal department, agency or instrumentality'' after 
                ``person''; and
                    (B) by striking ``$5,000'' and inserting 
                ``$10,000'';
            (6) in section 11--
                    (A) by striking the section heading and inserting 
                ``jurisdiction of federal courts; venue, review of 
                regulations; service of process'';
                    (B) by inserting ``(a) U.S. District Courts.--'' 
                before ``The district courts of the United States shall 
                have exclusive jurisdiction over any case or 
                controversy arising under the provisions of this 
                chapter or of any regulation prescribed, or permit 
                issued, under this chapter.''; and
                    (C) by adding the following subsections at the end 
                of the section:
    ``(b) Jurisdiction.--An action by any Government of a State Party 
to Annex VI, including the United States, against any person subject to 
legal action under this chapter may be brought only in a district court 
in a jurisdiction where such person is located or resides or is doing 
business. A claim for contribution by a nongovernmental operator under 
section 2406(e) of this title may be brought in any district in which 
the defendant resides, may be found, or has his principal office.
    ``(c) Limitation.--In any action brought under section 2406 of this 
title, process may be served in any district where the defendant is 
found, resides, transacts business, or has appointed an agent for the 
service of process.''.

SEC. 714. EFFECTIVE DATE.

    This subtitle and the amendments made by this subtitle shall take 
effect upon the entry into force of Annex VI, except that the 
amendments made by subsections (f) and (g) of section 713 shall take 
effect immediately upon the enactment of this Act.

             TITLE VIII--TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER AND INNOVATION

SEC. 801. FEDERAL LABORATORY COMPUTER PROGRAMS UPDATE.

    (a) Utilization of Federal Technology Update.--Section 11 of the 
Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3710) is 
amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(j)(1) Copyright Protection.--Pursuant to section 105(b)(1) of 
title 17, United States Code, and subject to the requirements therein, 
the director of any Government-operated Federal laboratory may seek 
copyright protection on behalf of the United States in a work described 
in that section.
    ``(2) Guidelines.--The Secretary is authorized to provide 
guidelines to implement paragraph (1) of this section and to provide 
guidance for the management of works in which copyright protection is 
obtained.''.
    (b) Government Works Copyright Update.--Section 105 of title 17, 
United States Code, is amended--
            (1) by striking ``Copyright protection'' and inserting 
        ``(a) Copyright protection''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(b) Notwithstanding subsection (a), copyright protection under 
this title is available for--
            ``(1) a computer program that is a work of the United 
        States Government and is created at a Federal laboratory, as 
        defined in section 4 of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology 
        Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3703), and which is a result 
        of research, development, or engineering at the Federal 
        laboratory, provided that the United States Government makes 
        application for copyright registration under section 409 
        pursuant to the authority granted under section 11(k) of such 
        Act within 6 months from employee disclosure of the work to the 
        Federal laboratory, and provided further that a certificate of 
        registration is issued pursuant to section 410 of this title or 
        following judicial review pursuant to chapter 7 of title 5; and
            ``(2) standard reference data prepared or made available by 
        the Department of Commerce, provided the copyright is secured 
        by the Secretary of Commerce in the manner set forth in section 
        6 of the Standard Reference Data Act (15 U.S.C. 290e).''.

SEC. 802. EXTEND CRADA INFORMATION PROTECTION PERIOD.

    Section 12(c)(7)(B) of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation 
Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3710a(c)(7)(B)) is amended by striking ``5'' and 
inserting ``12''.

SEC. 803. STEVENSON-WYDLER ACT AUTHORITY UPDATE.

    Section 11 of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 
1980 (15 U.S.C. 3710(g)) is amended to read as follows:
    ``(g) Functions of Secretary.--The Secretary shall convene an 
Interagency Working Group for Technology Transfer comprising those 
agencies with at least one Federal laboratory to--
            ``(1) share best practices for realizing the commercial 
        potential of inventions and methods and options for 
        commercialization which are available to the Federal 
        laboratories, including research and development limited 
        partnerships and cooperative research and development 
        agreements; and
            ``(2) issue such guidelines as may be necessary to carry 
        out this chapter, acting through the Director of the National 
        Institute of Standards and Technology and with the concurrence 
        of the Interagency Working Group for Technology Transfer.''.

SEC. 804. ROYALTY PAYMENTS TO FEDERAL EMPLOYEES UPDATE.

    Section 14 of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 
1980 (15 U.S.C. 3710c) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``inventions'' each place the term appears 
        and inserting ``inventions and other intellectual property'';
            (2) by striking ``invention'' each place the term appears 
        and inserting ``invention or other intellectual property'';
            (3) by striking ``inventors'' each place the term appears 
        and inserting ``inventors or contributors'';
            (4) in subsection (a)(1) after ``shall be'' inserting 
        ``non-appropriated funds and shall be'';
            (5) in subsection (a)(1)(A)(i) inserting at the end ``, or 
        to the contributor or co-contributors if a certificate of 
        copyright registration is issued to the United States'';
            (6) in subsection (a)(1)(A)(ii) after ``inventor of'' 
        inserting ``or contributor to'';
            (7) in subsection (a)(3) by striking ``inventor'' each 
        place the term appears and inserting ``inventor or 
        contributor'';
            (8) in subsection (a)(3) by striking ``$150,000'' each 
        place the term appears and inserting ``500,000'';
            (9) at the end of subsection (a) by inserting the following 
        new paragraph:
    ``(5) Any royalties or other payments received by a Federal agency 
from the licensing and assignment of works under agreements entered 
into by Federal laboratories under section 12 of this Act, and from the 
licensing of works by Federal laboratories under any provision of law 
shall be retained by the agency licensing or assigning the work on 
behalf of the United States Government and shall be disposed of after 
payment of any copyright registration cots. The head of the agency is 
authorized to dispose of such royalties or other payments through 
transfer by the agency to its bureaus or laboratories, with the 
majority share of the royalties or other payments from any copyright 
going to the bureau or laboratory where or for which the copyrighted 
work was made.
            ``(A) The royalties or other payments so transferred to any 
        bureau or laboratory may be used or obligated by that bureau or 
        laboratory during the fiscal year in which they are received or 
        during the 2 succeeding fiscal years--
                    ``(i) to reward contributors of copyrighted 
                computer programs;
                    ``(ii) to further information exchange among 
                bureaus and laboratories of the agency or with another 
                agency;
                    ``(iii) for education and training of employees 
                consistent with the missions and objectives of the 
                agency, bureau, or laboratory;
                    ``(iv) for payment of expenses incidental to the 
                administration and licensing of intellectual property 
                by the agency or laboratory with respect to copyrighted 
                computer programs made at that bureau or laboratory, 
                including the fees or other costs for the services of 
                other agencies, persons, or organizations for 
                intellectual property management and licensing 
                services; or
                    ``(v) for scientific research and development 
                consistent with the research and development missions 
                and objectives of the bureau or laboratory.
            ``(B) All royalties or other payments retained by the 
        agency, bureau, or laboratory after payments have been made 
        pursuant to subparagraph (A) that is unobligated and unexpended 
        at the end of the second fiscal year succeeding the fiscal year 
        in which the royalties and other payments were received shall 
        be paid into the Treasury.
            ``(C) As used in the section, the term `contributor' means 
        a laboratory employee who is a creator of an original 
        expression in a copyrighted computer program.''; and
            (10) in subsection (a)(1)(B)--
                    (A) by striking ``; or'' at the end of clause (iv) 
                and inserting a semicolon;
                    (B) by striking the period at the end of clause (v) 
                and inserting ``; or''; and
                    (C) by inserting at the end the following:
                            ``(vi) for the acquisition, administration 
                        and licensing of intellectual property.''.

SEC. 805. GOVERNMENT INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY CLARIFICATION.

    Section 15 of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 
1980 (15 U.S.C. 3710d) is amended in subsection (a) to read as follows:
    ``(a) In General.--
            ``(1) Invention rights.--The Government shall obtain the 
        entire right, title and interest in and to all inventions made 
        by any Federal employee--
                    ``(A) during working hours;
                    ``(B) with a contribution by the Government of 
                facilities, equipment, materials, funds, or 
                information, or of time or services of other Federal 
                employees on official duty; or
                    ``(C) within his or her field of research or within 
                his or her official employment responsibility and 
                activity.
            ``(2) Disclosure.--Any invention made by a Federal employee 
        as described in paragraph (1) shall be disclosed by the Federal 
        employee to the agency that employs the Federal employee within 
        10 months of the earlier of the date of conception or actual 
        reduction to practice of the invention. The Government shall 
        obtain the entire right, title, and interest in and to any 
        invention conceived or actually reduced to practice by a 
        Federal employee that is not disclosed to the Government within 
        10 months from the earlier of the date of conception or actual 
        reduction to practice of the invention.
            ``(3) Presumption.--Any invention made by a Federal 
        employee as described in paragraph (1) shall be presumed to be 
        owned by the Government, and the Federal employee is 
        presumptively obligated to assign the entire right, title, and 
        interest in and to the invention to the Government. A Federal 
        employee that disagrees with the presumption of ownership and 
        obligation of assignment may request, from the agency employing 
        the Federal employee, a determination of rights in and to the 
        invention and shall do so within 30 days of the disclosure 
        pursuant to paragraph (2). The request shall provide all 
        grounds and justification for leaving rights with the Federal 
        employee. If the request is not made by the employee within the 
        30-day period, the Government shall retain all right, title, 
        and interest to the invention.
            ``(4) Patent rights.--If a Federal agency which has 
        ownership of or the right of ownership to an invention made by 
        a Federal employee does not intend to file for a patent 
        application or otherwise promote commercialization of such 
        invention, the agency shall (upon request) allow the inventor, 
        if the inventor is a Federal employee or former employee who 
        made the invention during the course of employment with the 
        Government, to obtain or retain title to the invention (subject 
        to reservation by the Government of a nonexclusive, 
        nontransferable, irrevocable, paid-up license to practice the 
        invention or have the invention practiced throughout the world 
        by or on behalf of the Government). In addition, the agency may 
        condition the inventor's right to title on the timely filing of 
        a patent application in cases when the Government determines 
        that it has or may have a need to practice the invention.
            ``(5) Computer program disclosure.--Any computer program 
        that is a work of the United States Government and is created 
        at a Federal laboratory within section 105(b)(1) of title 17, 
        United States Code, shall be disclosed by the Federal employee 
        who created such program to the Federal laboratory that employs 
        the Federal employee.
            ``(6) Author rights.--Any program described in paragraph 
        (5) prepared by a Federal employee within the scope of his or 
        her employment shall be considered a work made for hire and the 
        Government shall be the author. A Federal employee who 
        discloses as required under paragraph (5) but who contests that 
        the Government is the author may request, from the agency 
        employing the Federal employee, a determination of rights in 
        and to the program and shall do so within 30 days of the 
        disclosure pursuant to paragraph (5). The request shall provide 
        all grounds and justification for leaving rights with the 
        Federal employee. If the request is not made by the Federal 
        employee within the 30-day period, the Government shall remain 
        and shall be the author of such program.
            ``(7) Reporting exemption.--Such reporting requirements 
        shall not apply to Federal employees who are otherwise 
        prohibited from applying for or obtaining a patent. The 
        Secretary may issue guidelines to implement this section.''.

SEC. 806. CLARIFYING CRADA AUTHORITY.

    Section 12 of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 
1980 (15 U.S.C. 3710a) is amended--
            (1) by inserting at the end of the section the following 
        new subsection:
    ``(h) Patent Obligation.--Under an agreement entered into pursuant 
to this section, there is an obligation on the part of the 
collaborating party, in the event a United States patent application is 
filed by or on behalf of the collaborating party or by any assignee of 
the collaborating party, to include within the specification of such 
application and any patent issuing thereon, a statement specifying that 
the invention was made with Government support and that the Government 
has certain rights in the invention.''; and
            (2) by striking subsection (d).

SEC. 807. EXPANSION OF AGREEMENTS FOR COMMERCIALIZING TECHNOLOGY 
              AUTHORITY.

    The Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 
3701 et seq.) is amended by inserting after section 14 the following:

``SEC. 14A. AGREEMENTS FOR COMMERCIALIZING TECHNOLOGY.

    ``(a) Agreements With Non-Federal Entities.--The head of each 
Federal agency may permit the director of any of its Government-owned, 
contractor-operated laboratories to perform work for non-Federal 
entities (sponsors) on a fully reimbursable basis and to execute 
agreements with a non-Federal entity, including a non-Federal entity 
already receiving Federal funding that will be used to support 
activities under the agreements, provided that such funding is solely 
used to carry out the purposes of the Federal award.
    ``(b) Restriction.--The requirements of chapter 18 of title 35, 
United States Code (commonly known as the `Bayh-Dole Act'), shall apply 
if--
            ``(1) the agreement is a funding agreement (as that term is 
        defined in section 201 of such title); and
            ``(2) at least one of the parties to the funding agreement 
        is eligible to receive rights under that chapter.
    ``(c) Submission to Agency.--Each affected director of a 
Government-owned, contractor-operated laboratory shall submit to the 
head of the Federal agency, with respect to each agreement entered into 
under this section--
            ``(1) a summary of information relating to the relevant 
        project;
            ``(2) the total estimated costs of the project;
            ``(3) estimated commencement and completion dates of the 
        project; and
            ``(4) other documentation determined to be appropriate by 
        the head of the Federal agency.
    ``(d) Certification.--The head of the Federal agency shall require 
the contractor of the affected Government-owned, contractor-operated 
laboratory to certify that each activity carried out under a project 
for which an agreement is entered into under this section--
            ``(1) is not in direct competition with the private sector; 
        and
            ``(2) does not present, or minimizes, any apparent conflict 
        of interest, and avoids or neutralizes any actual conflict of 
        interest, as a result of the agreement under this section.
    ``(e) Limitation.--This authority only pertains to Federal agencies 
that do not have agency-specific authorities for Agreements for 
Commercializing Technology elsewhere in statute.''.

SEC. 808. OTHER TRANSACTION AUTHORITY.

    The Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 
3701 et seq.) is amended by inserting after section 15 the following:

``SEC. 15A. OTHER TRANSACTIONS.

    ``(a) General Authority.--
            ``(1) Permission.--Each Federal agency may permit the 
        director of any of its Government-operated Federal laboratories 
        to enter into such other transactions as may be necessary in 
        the conduct of the work of the Federal laboratory and on such 
        terms as the director of the Federal laboratory considers 
        appropriate, in furtherance of the purposes of this Act.
            ``(2) Disclosure.--The Federal agency may protect from 
        disclosure, for up to 12 years after the date on which the 
        information is developed, any information developed pursuant to 
        a transaction under this section that would be protected from 
        disclosure under section 552(b)(4) of title 5, United States 
        Code, if obtained from a person other than a Federal agency.
            ``(3) Authority limitation.--This authority only pertains 
        to Federal agencies that do not have agency-specific 
        authorities for other transactions elsewhere in statute.
    ``(b) Limitations.--A Federal laboratory using the authorities 
granted in subsection (a) may only enter into such other transactions 
when--
            ``(1) a warranted contracting officer determines that use 
        of other authority of the Federal agency would be insufficient 
        to achieve the purposes of this Act; and
            ``(2) use of such other transaction is approved by the 
        Federal agency.''.

SEC. 809. NONPROFIT FOUNDATIONS.

    The Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 
3701 et seq.) is further amended by adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 29. FOUNDATIONS.

    ``(a) In General.--A Government-owned Federal laboratory may 
establish or enter into an agreement with a nonprofit organization to 
establish a Federal laboratory Foundation in support of its mission. 
Such a Foundation shall not be an agency or instrumentality of the 
United States Government, and the United States shall not be liable for 
any debts, defaults, acts, or omissions of the Foundation.
    ``(b) Purpose.--The purpose of a Foundation established under this 
section shall be to support the Government-owned Federal laboratory in 
its mission.
    ``(c) Activities.--Activities of the Foundation may include the 
following:
            ``(1) The receipt, administration, solicitation, acceptance 
        and use of funds, gifts, devises, or bequests, either 
        absolutely or in trust of real or personal property or any 
        income therefrom or other interest or equity therein for the 
        benefit of, or in connection with, the mission of the 
        Government-owned Federal laboratory. A gift, devise, or bequest 
        may be accepted by the Foundation even though it is encumbered, 
        restricted, or subject to beneficial interests of private 
        persons if any current or future interest therein is for the 
        benefit of the Federal laboratory in its research and 
        development activities. Contributions, gifts, and other 
        transfers made to or for the use of a Foundation established 
        under this section shall be regarded as contributions, gifts, 
        or transfers to or for the use of the United States.
            ``(2) The conduct of support studies, competitions, 
        projects, research and other activities that further the 
        purposes of the Foundation.
            ``(3) Programs for fostering collaboration and partnerships 
        with researches from the Federal and State governments, 
        institutions of higher education, federally funded research and 
        development centers, industry and nonprofit organizations for 
        the research, development or commercialization of federally 
        supported technologies.
            ``(4) Programs for leveraging technologies to support new 
        product development that supports regional economic 
        development.
            ``(5) Administering prize competitions to accelerate 
        private sector competition and investment.
            ``(6) Provision of fellowships and grants to research and 
        development personnel at, or affiliated with, federally funded 
        centers. Such fellowships and grants may include stipends, 
        travel, health insurance benefits and other appropriate 
        expenses. The recipients of fellowships shall be selected by 
        the donors and the Foundation upon the recommendation of the 
        employees in the Federal laboratory where the fellow would 
        serve, and shall be subject to agreement of the head of the 
        agency whose mission is supported by the Foundation.
            ``(7) Supplementary programs to provide for--
                    ``(A) scientists of other countries to serve in 
                research capacities in the United States in association 
                with the Federal laboratory whose mission the 
                Foundation supports, or elsewhere, or opportunities for 
                employees of the Federal laboratory whose mission the 
                Foundation supports to serve in such capacities in 
                other countries, or both;
                    ``(B) the conduct and support of studies, projects, 
                and research, that may include stipends, travel and 
                other support for personnel in collaboration with 
                national and international nonprofit and for-profit 
                organizations;
                    ``(C) the conduct and support of forums, meetings, 
                conferences, courses, and training workshops that may 
                include undergraduate, graduate, post-graduate, and 
                post-doctoral accredited courses and the maintenance of 
                accreditation of such courses by the Foundation at the 
                State and national level for college or continuing 
                education credits or for degrees;
                    ``(D) programs to support and encourage teachers 
                and students of science at all levels of education and 
                programs for the general public which promote the 
                understanding of science;
                    ``(E) programs for writing, editing, printing, 
                publishing, and vending of books and other materials; 
                and
                    ``(F) the conduct of other activities to carry out 
                and support the purpose described in subsection (b).
    ``(d) Transfer of Funds.--Notwithstanding any other provision of 
law, a Foundation established under this section may transfer funds to 
the Government-owned Federal laboratory and the Government-owned 
Federal laboratory may accept transfers of funds from the 
Foundation.''.

SEC. 810. IMPROVING REPORTING AND METRICS.

    Section 11 of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 
1980 (15 U.S.C. 3710) is amended by striking subsections (f) and (g) 
and inserting the following:
    ``(f) Agency Reports on Utilization.--
            ``(1) In general.--Each Federal agency which operates or 
        directs one or more Federal laboratories or which conducts 
        activities under subsection (k) of this section or sections 207 
        and 209 of title 35, United States Code, shall report annually 
        to the Office of Management and Budget, on the activities 
        performed by that agency and its Federal laboratories under the 
        provisions of this section and of sections 207 and 209 of such 
        title 35.
            ``(2) Contents.--The report shall include--
                    ``(A) an explanation of the agency's technology 
                transfer activities for the preceding fiscal year and 
                the agency's plans to manage innovations with 
                commercial promise consistent with the agency's mission 
                and benefitting the competitiveness of United States 
                industry; and
                    ``(B) information on technology transfer activities 
                for the preceding fiscal year, including--
                            ``(i) the number of patent applications 
                        filed;
                            ``(ii) the number of patents received;
                            ``(iii) the number of works registered for 
                        copyright protection in the United States on 
                        behalf of the United States, pursuant to 
                        section 105(b) of title 17, United States Code;
                            ``(iv) the number of fully-executed 
                        licenses which received income from licensing 
                        in the preceding fiscal year;
                            ``(v) the total income from licensing;
                            ``(vi) the number of licenses terminated 
                        for cause;
                            ``(vii) the number of collaborative 
                        research and development relationships; and
                            ``(viii) any other parameters or discussion 
                        that the agency deems relevant or unique to its 
                        practice of technology transfer.
            ``(3) Copy to secretary.--The agency shall transmit a copy 
        of the report to the Secretary of Commerce for inclusion in the 
        annual summary required by subsection (g)(2).
            ``(4) Public availability.--Each Federal agency reporting 
        under this subsection shall make available to the public 
        through internet sites, updated at least annually--
                    ``(A) the information contained in such report;
                    ``(B) information on intellectual property which is 
                available for licensing from the Federal agency; and
                    ``(C) information on Federal research and 
                development programs, facilities, equipment and tools, 
                expertise, services, and other relevant assets which 
                are made available to the public by the Federal agency.
            ``(5) Publication by nist.--The Director of the National 
        Institute of Standards and Technology is authorized to provide 
        the summary required by subsection (g)(2) to the public through 
        internet sites.''.

SEC. 811. INNOVATIVE APPROACHES TO TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER.

    Section 9(jj) of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 638(jj)) is 
amended to read as follows:
    ``(jj) Innovative Approaches to Technology Transfer.--
            ``(1) Grant program.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Each Federal agency required by 
                subsection (n) to establish an STTR program shall carry 
                out a grant program to support innovative approaches to 
                technology transfer at institutions of higher education 
                (as defined in section 101(a) of the Higher Education 
                Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001(a))), nonprofit research 
                institutions and Federal laboratories in order to 
                accelerate the commercialization of federally funded 
                research and technology by small business concerns, 
                including new businesses.
                    ``(B) Awarding of grants and awards.--
                            ``(i) In general.--Each Federal agency 
                        required by subparagraph (A) to participate in 
                        this program, shall award, through a 
                        competitive, merit-based process, grants, in 
                        the amounts listed in subparagraph (C) to 
                        institutions of higher education, technology 
                        transfer organizations that facilitate the 
                        commercialization of technologies developed by 
                        one or more such institutions of higher 
                        education, Federal laboratories, other public 
                        and private nonprofit entities, and consortia 
                        thereof, for initiatives that help identify 
                        high-quality, commercially viable federally 
                        funded research and technologies and to 
                        facilitate and accelerate their transfer into 
                        the marketplace.
                            ``(ii) Use of funds.--Activities supported 
                        by grants under this subsection may include--
                                    ``(I) providing early-stage proof 
                                of concept funding for translational 
                                research;
                                    ``(II) identifying research and 
                                technologies at recipient institutions 
                                that have the potential for accelerated 
                                commercialization;
                                    ``(III) technology maturation 
                                funding to support activities such as 
                                prototype construction, experiment 
                                analysis, product comparison, and 
                                collecting performance data;
                                    ``(IV) technical validations, 
                                market research, clarifying 
                                intellectual property rights position 
                                and strategy, and investigating 
                                commercial and business opportunities; 
                                and
                                    ``(V) programs to provide advice, 
                                mentoring, entrepreneurial education, 
                                project management, and technology and 
                                business development expertise to 
                                innovators and recipients of technology 
                                transfer licenses to maximize 
                                commercialization potential.
                            ``(iii) Selection process and 
                        applications.--Qualifying institutions seeking 
                        a grant under this subsection shall submit an 
                        application to a Federal agency required by 
                        subparagraph (A) to participate in this program 
                        at such time, in such manner, and containing 
                        such information as the agency may require. The 
                        application shall include, at a minimum--
                                    ``(I) a description of innovative 
                                approaches to technology transfer, 
                                technology development, and commercial 
                                readiness that have the potential to 
                                increase or accelerate technology 
                                transfer outcomes and can be adopted by 
                                other qualifying institutions, or a 
                                demonstration of proven technology 
                                transfer and commercialization 
                                strategies, or a plan to implement 
                                proven technology transfer and 
                                commercialization strategies, that can 
                                achieve greater commercialization of 
                                federally funded research and 
                                technologies with program funding;
                                    ``(II) a description of how the 
                                qualifying institution will contribute 
                                to local and regional economic 
                                development efforts; and
                                    ``(III) a plan for sustainability 
                                beyond the duration of the funding 
                                award.
                            ``(iv) Program oversight boards.--
                                    ``(I) In general.--Successful 
                                proposals shall include a plan to 
                                assemble a Program Oversight Board, the 
                                members of which shall have technical, 
                                scientific, or business expertise and 
                                shall be drawn from industry, start-up 
                                companies, venture capital, technical 
                                enterprises, financial institutions, 
                                and business development organizations.
                                    ``(II) Program oversight boards 
                                responsibilities.--Program Oversight 
                                Boards shall--
                                            ``(aa) establish award 
                                        programs for individual 
                                        projects;
                                            ``(bb) provide rigorous 
                                        evaluation of project 
                                        applications;
                                            ``(cc) determine which 
                                        projects should receive awards, 
                                        in accordance with guidelines 
                                        established under subparagraph 
                                        (C)(ii);
                                            ``(dd) establish milestones 
                                        and associated award amounts 
                                        for projects that reach 
                                        milestones;
                                            ``(ee) determine whether 
                                        awarded projects are reaching 
                                        milestones; and
                                            ``(ff) develop a process to 
                                        reallocate outstanding award 
                                        amounts from projects that are 
                                        not reaching milestones to 
                                        other projects with more 
                                        potential.
                    ``(C) Grant and award amounts.--
                            ``(i) Grant amounts.--Each Federal agency 
                        required by subparagraph (A) to carry out a 
                        grant program may make grants to a qualifying 
                        institution for up to $1,000,000 per year for 
                        up to 3 years.
                            ``(ii) Award amounts.--Each qualifying 
                        institution that receives a grant under 
                        subparagraph (B) shall provide awards for 
                        individual projects of not more than $150,000, 
                        to be provided in phased amounts, based on 
                        reaching the milestones established by the 
                        qualifying institution's Program Oversight 
                        Board.
                    ``(D) Authorized expenditures for innovative 
                approaches to technology transfer grant program.--
                            ``(i) Percentage.--The percentage of the 
                        extramural budget each Federal agency required 
                        by subsection (n) to establish an STTR program 
                        shall expend on the Innovative Approaches to 
                        Technology Transfer Grant Program shall be--
                                    ``(I) 0.05 percent for each of 
                                fiscal years 2014 and 2015; and
                                    ``(II) 0.1 percent for each of 
                                fiscal years 2016 and 2017.
                            ``(ii) Treatment of expenditures.--Any 
                        portion of the extramural budget expended by a 
                        Federal agency on the Innovative Approaches to 
                        Technology Transfer Grant Program shall apply 
                        towards the agency's expenditure requirements 
                        under subsection (n).
            ``(2) Program evaluation and data collection and 
        dissemination.--
                    ``(A) Evaluation plan and data collection.--Each 
                Federal agency required by paragraph (1)(A) to 
                establish an Innovative Approaches to Technology 
                Transfer Grant Program shall develop a program 
                evaluation plan and collect annually such information 
                from grantees as is necessary to assess the Program. 
                Program evaluation plans shall require the collection 
                of data aimed at identifying outcomes resulting from 
                the transfer of technology with assistance from the 
                Innovative Approaches to Technology Transfer Grant 
                Program, such as--
                            ``(i) specific follow-on funding identified 
                        or obtained, including follow-on funding 
                        sources, such as Federal sources or private 
                        sources;
                            ``(ii) number of projects which result in a 
                        license to a start-up company or an established 
                        company with sufficient resources for effective 
                        commercialization within 5 years of receiving 
                        an award under paragraph (1);
                            ``(iii) invention disclosures and patents;
                            ``(iv) number of projects supported by 
                        qualifying institutions receiving a grant under 
                        paragraph (1) that secure Phase I or Phase II 
                        SBIR or STTR awards;
                            ``(v) available information on revenue, 
                        sales or other measures of products that have 
                        been commercialized as a result of projects 
                        awarded under paragraph (1);
                            ``(vi) number and location of jobs created 
                        resulting from projects awarded under paragraph 
                        (1); and
                            ``(vii) other data as deemed appropriate by 
                        a Federal agency required by this subparagraph 
                        to develop a program evaluation plan.
                    ``(B) Evaluative report to congress.--The head of 
                each Federal agency that participates in the Innovative 
                Approaches to Technology Transfer Grant Program shall 
                submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and 
                Technology and the Committee on Small Business of the 
                House of Representatives and the Committee on Small 
                Business and Entrepreneurship of the Senate an 
                evaluative report regarding the activities of the 
                program. The report shall include--
                            ``(i) a detailed description of the 
                        implementation of the program;
                            ``(ii) a detailed description of the 
                        grantee selection process;
                            ``(iii) an accounting of the funds used in 
                        the program; and
                            ``(iv) a summary of the data collected 
                        under subparagraph (A).
                    ``(C) Data dissemination.--For the purposes of 
                program transparency and dissemination of best 
                practices, the Administrator shall include on the 
                public database under subsection (k)(1) information on 
                the Innovative Approaches to Technology Transfer Grant 
                Program, including--
                            ``(i) the program evaluation plan required 
                        under subparagraph (A);
                            ``(ii) a list of recipients of awards under 
                        paragraph (1); and
                            ``(iii) information on the use of grants 
                        under paragraph (1) by recipient 
                        institutions.''.

SEC. 812. DOE PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS FOR COMMERCIALIZATION.

    (a) In General.--Subject to subsections (b) and (c), the Secretary 
of Energy shall delegate to directors of the National Laboratories 
signature authority with respect to any agreement described in 
subsection (b) the total cost of which (including the National 
Laboratory contributions and project recipient cost share) is less than 
$1,000,000, if such an agreement falls within the scope of--
            (1) a strategic plan for the National Laboratory that has 
        been approved by the Department of Energy; or
            (2) the most recent congressionally approved budget for 
        Department of Energy activities to be carried out by the 
        National Laboratory.
    (b) Agreements.--Subsection (a) applies to--
            (1) a cooperative research and development agreement;
            (2) a non-Federal work-for-others agreement; and
            (3) any other agreement determined to be appropriate by the 
        Secretary of Energy, in collaboration with the directors of the 
        National Laboratories.
    (c) Administration.--
            (1) Accountability.--The director of the affected National 
        Laboratory and the affected contractor shall carry out an 
        agreement under this section in accordance with applicable 
        policies of the Department of Energy, including by ensuring 
        that the agreement does not compromise any national security, 
        economic, or environmental interest of the United States.
            (2) Certification.--The director of the affected National 
        Laboratory and the affected contractor shall certify that each 
        activity carried out under a project for which an agreement is 
        entered into under this section does not present, or minimizes, 
        any apparent conflict of interest, and avoids or neutralizes 
        any actual conflict of interest, as a result of the agreement 
        under this section.
            (3) Availability of records.--Within 30 days of entering an 
        agreement under this section, the director of a National 
        Laboratory shall submit to the Secretary of Energy for 
        monitoring and review all records of the National Laboratory 
        relating to the agreement.
            (4) Rates.--The director of a National Laboratory may 
        charge higher rates for services performed under a partnership 
        agreement entered into pursuant to this section, regardless of 
        the full cost of recovery, if such funds are used exclusively 
        to support further research and development activities at the 
        respective National Laboratory.
    (d) Exception.--This section does not apply to any agreement with a 
majority foreign-owned company.
    (e) Conforming Amendment.--Section 12 of the Stevenson-Wydler 
Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3710a) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) by redesignating paragraphs (1) and (2) as 
                subparagraphs (A) and (B), respectively;
                    (B) by striking ``Each Federal agency'' and 
                inserting the following:
            ``(1) In general.--Except as provided in paragraph (2), 
        each Federal agency''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(2) Exception.--Notwithstanding paragraph (1), in 
        accordance with section 813(a) of the Securing American 
        Leadership in Science and Technology Act of 2020, approval by 
        the Secretary of Energy shall not be required for any 
        technology transfer agreement proposed to be entered into by a 
        National Laboratory of the Department of Energy, the total cost 
        of which (including the National Laboratory contributions and 
        project recipient cost share) is less than $1,000,000.''; and
            (2) in subsection (b), by striking ``subsection (a)(1)'' 
        each place it appears and inserting ``subsection (a)(1)(A)''.
    (f) Savings Clause.--Nothing in this section or an amendment made 
by this section abrogates or otherwise affects the primary 
responsibilities of any National Laboratory to the Department of 
Energy.
                                 <all>