[Congressional Bills 116th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 5428 Reported in House (RH)]

<DOC>





                                                 Union Calendar No. 380
116th CONGRESS
  2d Session
                                H. R. 5428

                          [Report No. 116-474]

   To amend the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 and the 
     Energy Policy Act of 2005 to direct Federal research on grid 
          modernization and security, and for other purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                    IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

                           December 13, 2019

Mr. Lamb (for himself and Ms. Herrera Beutler) introduced the following 
   bill; which was referred to the Committee on Science, Space, and 
                               Technology

                            August 11, 2020

  Additional sponsors: Ms. Johnson of Texas, Mr. Fitzpatrick, and Mr. 
                                McAdams

                            August 11, 2020

  Reported with an amendment; committed to the Committee of the Whole 
       House on the State of the Union and ordered to be printed
 [Strike out all after the enacting clause and insert the part printed 
                               in italic]
    [For text of introduced bill, see copy of bill as introduced on 
                           December 13, 2019]


_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
   To amend the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 and the 
     Energy Policy Act of 2005 to direct Federal research on grid 
          modernization and security, and for other purposes.


 


    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

    (a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``Grid Modernization 
Research and Development Act of 2020''.
    (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents for this Act is as 
follows:

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
Sec. 2. Smart grid regional demonstration initiative.
Sec. 3. Smart grid modeling, visualization, architecture, and controls.
Sec. 4. Enhancing grid resilience and emergency response.
Sec. 5. Hybrid energy systems.
Sec. 6. Grid integration research and development.
Sec. 7. Industry alliance.
Sec. 8. Coordination of efforts.
Sec. 9. Definitions.
Sec. 10. Technical amendments; authorization of appropriations.

SEC. 2. SMART GRID REGIONAL DEMONSTRATION INITIATIVE.

    Section 1304 of the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 
(42 U.S.C. 17384) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a), by inserting ``research, 
        development, and demonstration'' before ``program'';
            (2) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) by amending paragraph (1) to read as follows:
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall establish a smart 
        grid regional demonstration initiative (referred to in this 
        subsection as the `Initiative') composed of demonstration 
        projects focused on cost-effective, advanced technologies for 
        use in power grid sensing, communications, analysis, power flow 
        control, visualization, distribution automation, industrial 
        control systems, dynamic line rating systems, grid redesign, 
        and the integration of distributed energy resources.''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (2)--
                            (i) in subparagraph (D), by striking 
                        ``and'' at the end;
                            (ii) in subparagraph (E), by striking the 
                        period and inserting ``; and''; and
                            (iii) by inserting at the end the 
                        following:
                    ``(F) to encourage the commercial application of 
                advanced distribution automation technologies that 
                improve system resilience.''.

SEC. 3. SMART GRID MODELING, VISUALIZATION, ARCHITECTURE, AND CONTROLS.

    Title XIII of the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (42 
U.S.C. 17381 et seq.) is amended by inserting after section 1304 the 
following:

``SEC. 1304A. SMART GRID MODELING, VISUALIZATION, ARCHITECTURE, AND 
              CONTROLS.

    ``(a) In General.--Not later than 180 days after the enactment of 
the Grid Modernization Research and Development Act of 2020, the 
Secretary shall establish a program of research, development, 
demonstration, and commercial application on electric grid modeling, 
sensing, visualization, architecture development, and advanced 
operation and controls.
    ``(b) Modeling Research and Development.--The Secretary shall 
support development of models of emerging technologies and systems to 
facilitate the secure and reliable design, planning, and operation of 
the electric grid for use by industry stakeholders. In particular, the 
Secretary shall support development of--
            ``(1) models to analyze and predict the effects of adverse 
        physical and cyber events on the electric grid;
            ``(2) coupled models of electrical, physical, and cyber 
        systems;
            ``(3) models of existing and emerging technologies being 
        deployed on the electric grid due to projected changes in the 
        electric generation mix and loads, for a variety of regional 
        characteristics; and
            ``(4) integrated models of the communications, 
        transmission, distribution, and other interdependent systems 
        for existing, new, and emerging technologies.
    ``(c) Situational Awareness Research and Development.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall support development 
        of computational tools and technologies to improve sensing, 
        monitoring, and visualization of the electric grid for real-
        time situational awareness and decision support tools that 
        enable improved operation of the power system, including 
        utility, non-utility, and customer grid-connected assets, for 
        use by industry partners.
            ``(2) Data use.--In developing visualization capabilities 
        under this section, the Secretary shall develop tools for 
        industry stakeholders to use to analyze data collected from 
        advanced measurement and monitoring technologies, including 
        data from phasor measurement units and advanced metering units.
            ``(3) Severe events.--The Secretary shall prioritize 
        enhancing cyber and physical situational awareness of the 
        electric grid during adverse manmade and naturally-occurring 
        events.
    ``(d) Architecture.--The Secretary shall conduct research in 
collaboration with industry stakeholders to develop model grid 
architectures to assist with wide-area transmission and distribution 
planning that incorporate expected changes to the modern electric grid. 
In supporting the development of model grid architectures, the 
Secretary shall--
            ``(1) analyze a variety of grid architecture scenarios that 
        range from minor upgrades to existing transmission grid 
        infrastructure to scenarios that involve the replacement of 
        significant portions of existing transmission grid 
        infrastructure;
            ``(2) analyze the effects of the increasing proliferation 
        of renewable and other zero emissions energy generation 
        sources, increasing use of distributed resources owned by non-
        utility entities, and the use of digital and automated controls 
        not managed by grid operators;
            ``(3) include a variety of new and emerging distribution 
        grid technologies, including distributed energy resources, 
        electric vehicle charging stations, distribution automation 
        technologies, energy storage, and renewable energy sources;
            ``(4) analyze the effects of local load balancing and other 
        forms of decentralized control;
            ``(5) analyze the effects of changes to grid architectures 
        resulting from modernizing electric grid systems, including 
        communications, controls, markets, consumer choice, emergency 
        response, electrification, and cybersecurity concerns; and
            ``(6) develop integrated grid architectures that 
        incorporate system resilience for cyber, physical, and 
        communications systems.
    ``(e) Operation and Controls Research and Development.--The 
Secretary shall conduct research to develop improvements to the 
operation and controls of the electric grid, in coordination with 
industry partners. Such activities shall include--
            ``(1) a training facility or facilities to allow grid 
        operators to gain operational experience with advanced grid 
        control concepts and technologies;
            ``(2) development of cost-effective advanced operation and 
        control concepts and technologies, such as adaptive islanding, 
        dynamic line rating systems, power flow controllers, network 
        topology optimization, smart circuit breakers, intelligent load 
        shedding, and fault-tolerant control system architectures;
            ``(3) development of real-time control concepts using 
        artificial intelligence and machine learning for improved 
        electric grid resilience; and
            ``(4) utilization of advanced data analytics including load 
        forecasting, power flow modeling, equipment failure prediction, 
        resource optimization, risk analysis, and decision analysis.
    ``(f) Interoperability Research and Development.--The Secretary 
shall conduct research and development on tools and technologies that 
improve the interoperability and compatibility of new and emerging 
components, technologies, and systems with existing electric grid 
infrastructure.
    ``(g) Computing Resources and Data Coordination Research and 
Development.--In carrying out this section, the Secretary shall--
            ``(1) leverage existing computing resources at the National 
        Laboratories;
            ``(2) develop voluntary standards for data taxonomies and 
        communication protocols in coordination with public and private 
        sector stakeholders; and
            ``(3) comply with section 8 of the Grid Modernization 
        Research and Development Act of 2019.
    ``(h) Information Sharing.--None of the activities authorized in 
this section shall require private entities to share information or 
data with the Secretary.''.

SEC. 4. ENHANCING GRID RESILIENCE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE.

    Title XIII of the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (42 
U.S.C. 17381 et. seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 1310. GRID RESILIENCE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE.

    ``(a) In General.--Not later than 180 days after the enactment of 
the Grid Modernization Research and Development Act of 2019, the 
Secretary shall establish a research, development, and demonstration 
program to enhance resilience and strengthen emergency response and 
management pertaining to the electric grid.
    ``(b) Grants.--The Secretary shall award grants to eligible 
entities under subsection (c) on a competitive basis to conduct 
research and development with the purpose of improving the resilience 
and reliability of electric grid by--
            ``(1) developing methods to improve community and 
        governmental preparation for and emergency response to large-
        area, long-duration electricity interruptions, including 
        through the use of energy efficiency, storage, and distributed 
        generation technologies;
            ``(2) developing tools to help utilities and communities 
        ensure the continuous delivery of electricity to critical 
        facilities;
            ``(3) developing tools to improve coordination between 
        utilities and relevant Federal agencies to enable 
        communication, information-sharing, and situational awareness 
        in the event of a physical or cyber attack on the electric 
        grid;
            ``(4) developing technologies and capabilities to withstand 
        and address the current and projected impact of the changing 
        climate on electric grid infrastructure, including extreme 
        weather events and other natural disasters;
            ``(5) developing technologies capable of early detection of 
        deteriorating electrical equipment on the transmission and 
        distribution grid, including detection of spark ignition from 
        wildfires and risks of vegetation contact; and
            ``(6) assessing upgrades and additions needed to electric 
        grid infrastructure due to projected changes in the electricity 
        generation mix and electricity demand.
    ``(c) Eligible Entities.--The entities eligible to receive grants 
under this section include--
            ``(1) an institution of higher education;
            ``(2) a nonprofit organization;
            ``(3) a National Laboratory;
            ``(4) a unit of State, local, or tribal government;
            ``(5) an electric utility or electric cooperative;
            ``(6) a retail service provider of electricity;
            ``(7) a private commercial entity; and
            ``(8) a partnership or consortium of 2 or more entities 
        described in subparagraphs (1) through (7).
    ``(d) Relevant Activities.--Grants awarded under subsection (b) 
shall include funding for research and development activities related 
to the purpose described in subsection (b), such as--
            ``(1) development of technologies to use distributed energy 
        resources, such as solar photovoltaics, energy storage systems, 
        electric vehicles, and microgrids to improve grid and critical 
        end-user resilience;
            ``(2) analysis of non-technical barriers to greater 
        integration and use of technologies on the distribution grid;
            ``(3) analysis of past large-area, long-duration 
        electricity interruptions to identify common elements and best 
        practices for electricity restoration, mitigation, and 
        prevention of future disruptions;
            ``(4) development of advanced monitoring, analytics, 
        operation, and controls of electricity grid systems to improve 
        electric grid resilience;
            ``(5) analysis of technologies, methods, and concepts that 
        can improve community resilience and survivability of frequent 
        or long-duration power outages;
            ``(6) development of methodologies to maintain 
        cybersecurity during restoration of electric grid 
        infrastructure and operation;
            ``(7) development of advanced power flow control systems 
        and components to improve electric grid resilience; and
            ``(8) any other relevant activities determined by the 
        Secretary.
    ``(e) Technical Assistance.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall provide technical 
        assistance to eligible entities for the commercial application 
        of technologies to improve the resilience of the electric grid 
        and commercial application of technologies to help entities 
        develop plans for preventing and recovering from various power 
        outage scenarios at the local, regional, and State level.
            ``(2) Technical assistance program.--The technical 
        assistance program established in paragraph (1) shall include 
        assistance to eligible entities for--
                    ``(A) the commercial application of technologies 
                developed from the grant program established in 
                subsection (b), including municipal and cooperative 
                utilities;
                    ``(B) the development of methods to strengthen or 
                otherwise mitigate adverse impacts on electric grid 
                infrastructure against natural hazards;
                    ``(C) the use of Department data and modeling tools 
                for various purposes; and
                    ``(D) a resource assessment and analysis of future 
                demand and distribution requirements, including 
                development of advanced grid architectures and risk 
                analysis.
            ``(3) Eligible entities.--The entities eligible to receive 
        technical assistance for commercial application of technologies 
        under this section include--
                    ``(A) representatives of all sectors of the 
                electric power industry, including electric utilities, 
                trade organizations, and transmission and distribution 
                system organizations, owners, and operators;
                    ``(B) State and local governments and regulatory 
                authorities, including public utility commissions;
                    ``(C) tribal and Alaska Native governmental 
                entities;
                    ``(D) partnerships among entities under 
                subparagraphs (A) through (C);
                    ``(E) regional partnerships; and
                    ``(F) any other entities the Secretary deems 
                appropriate.
            ``(4) Authority.--Nothing in this section shall authorize 
        the Secretary to require any entity to adopt any model, tool, 
        technology, plan, analysis, or assessment.
    ``(f) Coordination.--In carrying out this section, the Secretary 
shall comply with section 8 of the Grid Modernization Research and 
Development Act of 2019.''.

SEC. 5. HYBRID ENERGY SYSTEMS.

    Title XIII of the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (42 
U.S.C. 17381 et. seq.), as amended, is amended by adding at the end the 
following:

``SEC. 1311. HYBRID ENERGY SYSTEMS.

    ``(a) In General.--Not later than 180 days after the enactment of 
the Grid Modernization Research and Development Act of 2019, the 
Secretary shall establish a research, development, and demonstration 
program to develop cost-effective hybrid energy systems, including--
            ``(1) development of computer modeling to design different 
        configurations of hybrid energy systems and to optimize system 
        operation;
            ``(2) research on system integration needed to plan, 
        design, build, and operate hybrid energy systems, including 
        interconnection requirements with the electric grid;
            ``(3) development of hybrid energy systems for various 
        applications, including--
                    ``(A) thermal energy generation and storage for 
                buildings and manufacturing;
                    ``(B) electricity storage coupled with energy 
                generation;
                    ``(C) desalination;
                    ``(D) production of liquid and gaseous fuels; and
                    ``(E) production of chemicals such as ammonia and 
                ethylene;
            ``(4) development of testing facilities for hybrid energy 
        systems; and
            ``(5) research on incorporation of various technologies for 
        hybrid energy systems, including nuclear energy, renewable 
        energy, storage, and carbon capture, utilization, and 
        sequestration technologies.
    ``(b) Strategic Plan.--
            ``(1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
        the enactment of the Grid Modernization Research and 
        Development Act of 2019, the Secretary shall submit to the 
        Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of 
        Representatives and the Committee on Energy and Natural 
        Resources of the Senate a strategic plan that identifies 
        opportunities, challenges, and standards needed for the 
        development and commercial application of hybrid energy 
        systems. The strategic plan shall include--
                    ``(A) analysis of the potential benefits of 
                development of hybrid electric systems on the electric 
                grid;
                    ``(B) analysis of the potential contributions of 
                hybrid energy systems to different grid architecture 
                scenarios;
                    ``(C) research and development goals for various 
                hybrid energy systems, including those identified in 
                subsection (b);
                    ``(D) assessment of policy and market barriers to 
                the adoption of hybrid energy systems;
                    ``(E) analysis of the technical and economic 
                feasibility of adoption of different hybrid energy 
                systems; and
                    ``(F) a 10-year roadmap to guide the program 
                established under subsection (a).
            ``(2) Updates.--Not less than once every 3 years for the 
        duration of this research program, the Secretary shall submit 
        an updated version of the strategic plan to the Committee on 
        Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives 
        and the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the 
        Senate.
    ``(c) Program Implementation.--In carrying out the research, 
development, demonstration, and commercial application aims of section, 
the Secretary shall--
            ``(1) implement the recommendations set forth in the 
        strategic plan in subsection (b);
            ``(2) coordinate across all relevant program offices at the 
        Department, including--
                    ``(A) the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable 
                Energy;
                    ``(B) the Office of Nuclear Energy; and
                    ``(C) the Office of Fossil Energy;
            ``(3) leverage existing programs and resources of the 
        Department;
            ``(4) prioritize activities that accelerate the development 
        of integrated electricity generation, storage, and distribution 
        systems with net zero greenhouse gas emissions; and
            ``(5) comply with section 8 of the Grid Modernization 
        Research and Development Act of 2019.
    ``(d) Hybrid Energy System Defined.--The term `hybrid energy 
system' means a system composed of 2 or more co-located or jointly 
operated sub-systems of energy generation, energy storage, or other 
energy technologies.''.

SEC. 6. GRID INTEGRATION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT.

    (a) Integrating Distributed Energy Resources Onto the Electric 
Grid.--Section 925(a) of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 
16215) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating paragraphs (10) and (11) as paragraphs 
        (12) and (13), respectively; and
            (2) by inserting after paragraph (9) the following:
            ``(10) the development of cost-effective technologies that 
        enable two-way information and power flow between distributed 
        energy resources and the electric grid;
            ``(11) the development of technologies and concepts that 
        enable interoperability between distributed energy resources 
        and other behind-the-meter devices and the electric grid;''.
    (b) Integrating Renewable Energy Onto the Electric Grid.--Subtitle 
C of title IX of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16231 et 
seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 936. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT INTO INTEGRATING RENEWABLE ENERGY 
              ONTO THE ELECTRIC GRID.

    ``(a) In General.--Not later than 180 days after the enactment of 
the Grid Modernization Research and Development Act of 2019, the 
Secretary shall establish a research, development, and demonstration 
program on technologies that enable integration of renewable energy 
generation sources onto the electric grid across multiple program 
offices of the Department. The program shall include--
            ``(1) forecasting for predicting generation from variable 
        renewable energy sources;
            ``(2) development of cost-effective low-loss, long-distance 
        transmission lines; and
            ``(3) development of cost-effective advanced technologies 
        for variable renewable generation sources to provide grid 
        services.
    ``(b) Coordination.--In carrying out this program, the Secretary 
shall--
            ``(1) coordinate across all relevant program offices at the 
        Department to achieve the goals established in this section, 
        including the Office of Electricity; and
            ``(2) comply with section 8 of the Grid Modernization 
        Research and Development Act of 2019.
    ``(c) Adoption of Technologies.--In carrying out this section, the 
Secretary shall consider barriers to adoption and commercial 
application of technologies that enable integration of renewable energy 
sources onto the electric grid, including cost and other economic 
barriers, and shall coordinate with relevant entities to reduce these 
barriers.''.
    (c) Integrating Electric Vehicles Onto the Electric Grid.--Subtitle 
B of title I of the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (42 
U.S.C. 17011 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 137. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT INTO INTEGRATING ELECTRIC VEHICLES 
              ONTO THE ELECTRIC GRID.

    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary shall establish a research, 
development, and demonstration program to advance the integration of 
electric vehicles, including plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, onto the 
electric grid.
    ``(b) Vehicles-to-grid Integration Assessment Report.--Not later 
than 1 year after the enactment of the Grid Modernization Research and 
Development Act of 2019, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on 
Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives and the 
Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate a report on the 
results of a study that examines the research, development, and 
demonstration opportunities, challenges, and standards needed for 
integrating electric vehicles onto the electric grid.
            ``(1) Report requirements.--The report shall include--
                    ``(A) an evaluation of the use of electric vehicles 
                to maintain the reliability of the electric grid, 
                including--
                            ``(i) the use of electric vehicles for 
                        demand response, load shaping, emergency power, 
                        and frequency regulation; and
                            ``(ii) the potential for the reuse of spent 
                        electric vehicle batteries for stationary grid 
                        storage;
                    ``(B) the impact of grid integration on electric 
                vehicles, including--
                            ``(i) the impact of bi-directional 
                        electricity flow on battery degradation; and
                            ``(ii) the implications of the use of 
                        electric vehicles for grid services on original 
                        equipment manufacturer warranties;
                    ``(C) the impacts to the electric grid of increased 
                penetration of electric vehicles, including--
                            ``(i) the distribution grid infrastructure 
                        needed to support an increase in charging 
                        capacity;
                            ``(ii) strategies for integrating electric 
                        vehicles onto the distribution grid while 
                        limiting infrastructure upgrades;
                            ``(iii) the changes in electricity demand 
                        over a 24-hour cycle due to electric vehicle 
                        charging behavior;
                            ``(iv) the load increases expected from 
                        electrifying the transportation sector;
                            ``(v) the potential for customer incentives 
                        and other managed charging stations strategies 
                        to shift charging off-peak;
                            ``(vi) the technology needed to achieve bi-
                        directional power flow on the distribution 
                        grid; and
                            ``(vii) the implementation of smart 
                        charging techniques;
                    ``(D) research on the standards needed to integrate 
                electric vehicles with the grid, including 
                communications systems, protocols, and charging 
                stations, in collaboration with the National Institute 
                for Standards and Technology;
                    ``(E) the cybersecurity challenges and needs 
                associated with electrifying the transportation sector; 
                and
                    ``(F) an assessment of the feasibility of adopting 
                technologies developed under the program established 
                under subsection (a) at Department facilities.
            ``(2) Recommendations.--As part of the Vehicles-to-Grid 
        Integration Assessment Report, the Secretary shall develop a 
        10-year roadmap to guide the research, development, and 
        demonstration program to integrate electric vehicles onto the 
        electric grid.
            ``(3) Consultation.--In developing this report, the 
        Secretary shall consult with relevant stakeholders, including--
                    ``(A) electric vehicle manufacturers;
                    ``(B) electric utilities;
                    ``(C) public utility commissions;
                    ``(D) vehicle battery manufacturers;
                    ``(E) electric vehicle supply equipment 
                manufacturers;
                    ``(F) charging infrastructure manufacturers;
                    ``(G) the National Laboratories; and
                    ``(H) other Federal agencies, as the Secretary 
                determines appropriate.
            ``(4) Updates.--The Secretary shall update the report 
        required under this section every 3 years for the duration of 
        the program under section (a) and shall submit the updated 
        report to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of 
        the House of Representatives and the Committee on Energy and 
        Natural Resources of the Senate.
    ``(c) Program Implementation.--In carrying out the research, 
development, demonstration, and commercial application aims of section, 
the Secretary shall--
            ``(1) implement the recommendations set forth in the report 
        in subsection (b);
            ``(2) coordinate across all relevant program offices at the 
        Department to achieve the goals established in this section, 
        including the Office of Electricity; and
            ``(3) comply with section 8 of the Grid Modernization 
        Research and Development Act of 2019.
    ``(d) Testing Capabilities.--The Secretary shall coordinate with 
the National Laboratories to develop testing capabilities for the 
evaluation, rapid prototyping, and optimization of technologies 
enabling integration of electric vehicles onto the electric grid.''.
    (d) Research and Development on Integrating Buildings Onto the 
Electric Grid.--Subtitle B of title IV of the Energy Independence and 
Security Act of 2007 (42 U.S.C. 17081 et seq.) is amended by adding at 
the end the following:

``SEC. 426. ADVANCED INTEGRATION OF BUILDINGS ONTO THE ELECTRIC GRID.

    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary shall establish a program of 
research, development, and demonstration to enable components of 
commercial and residential buildings to serve as dynamic energy loads 
on and resources for the electric grid. The program shall focus on--
            ``(1) developing low-cost, low power, wireless sensors to--
                    ``(A) monitor building energy load;
                    ``(B) forecast building energy need; and
                    ``(C) enable building-level energy control;
            ``(2) developing data management capabilities and standard 
        communication protocols to further interoperability at the 
        building and grid-level;
            ``(3) developing advanced building-level energy management 
        of components through integration of smart technologies, 
        control systems, and data processing, to enable energy 
        efficiency and savings;
            ``(4) optimizing energy consumption at the building level 
        to enable grid stability and resilience;
            ``(5) improving visualization of behind the meter equipment 
        and technologies to provide better insight into the energy 
        needs and energy forecasts of individual buildings;
            ``(6) reducing the cost of key components to accelerate the 
        adoption of smart building technologies;
            ``(7) protecting against cybersecurity threats and 
        addressing security vulnerabilities of building systems or 
        equipment; and
            ``(8) other areas determined appropriate by the Secretary.
    ``(b) Considerations.--In carrying out the program under subsection 
(a), the Secretary shall--
            ``(1) work with utility partners, building owners, 
        technology vendors, and building developers to test and 
        validate technologies and encourage the commercial application 
        of these technologies by building owners; and
            ``(2) consider the specific challenges of enabling greater 
        interaction between components of--
                    ``(A) small- and medium-sized buildings and the 
                electric grid; and
                    ``(B) residential and commercial buildings and the 
                electric grid.
    ``(c) Buildings-to-grid Integration Report.--Not later than one 
year after the enactment of the Grid Modernization Research and 
Development Act of 2019, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on 
Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives and the 
Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate a report on the 
results of a study that examines the research, development, and 
demonstration opportunities, challenges, and standards needed to enable 
components of commercial and residential buildings to serve as dynamic 
energy loads on and resources for the electric grid.
            ``(1) Report requirements.--The report shall include--
                    ``(A) an assessment of the technologies needed to 
                enable building components as dynamic loads on and 
                resources for the electric grid, including how such 
                technologies can be--
                            ``(i) incorporated into new commercial and 
                        residential buildings; and
                            ``(ii) retrofitted in older buildings;
                    ``(B) guidelines for the design of new buildings 
                and building components to enable modern grid 
                interactivity and improve energy efficiency;
                    ``(C) an assessment of barriers to the adoption by 
                building owners of advanced technologies enabling 
                greater integration of building components onto the 
                electric grid; and
                    ``(D) an assessment of the feasibility of adopting 
                technologies developed under the program established 
                under subsection (a) at Department facilities.
            ``(2) Recommendations.--As part of the report, the 
        Secretary shall develop a 10-year roadmap to guide the 
        research, development, and demonstration program to enable 
        components of commercial and residential buildings to serve as 
        dynamic energy loads on and resources for the electric grid.
            ``(3) Updates.--The Secretary shall update the report 
        required under this section every 3 years for the duration of 
        the program under subsection (a) and shall submit the updated 
        report to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of 
        the House of Representatives and the Committee on Energy and 
        Natural Resources of the Senate.
    ``(d) Program Implementation.--In carrying out this section, the 
Secretary shall--
            ``(1) implement the recommendations from the report in 
        subsection (c);
            ``(2) coordinate across all relevant program offices at the 
        Department to achieve the goals established in this section, 
        including the Office of Electricity; and
            ``(3) comply with section 8 of the Grid Modernization 
        Research and Development Act of 2019.''.

SEC. 7. INDUSTRY ALLIANCE.

    Title XIII of the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (42 
U.S.C. 17381 et. seq.), as amended, is amended by adding at the end the 
following:

``SEC. 1312. INDUSTRY ALLIANCE.

    ``(a) In General.--Not later than 180 days after the enactment of 
the Grid Modernization Research and Development Act of 2019, the 
Secretary shall establish an advisory committee (to be known as the 
`Industry Alliance') to advise the Secretary on the authorization of 
research, development, and demonstration projects under sections 1304 
and 1304a.
    ``(b) Membership.--The Industry Alliance shall be composed of 
members selected by the Secretary that, as a group, are broadly 
representative of United States electric grid research, development, 
infrastructure, operations, and manufacturing expertise.
    ``(c) Responsibility.--The Secretary shall annually solicit from 
the Industry Alliance--
            ``(1) comments to identify grid modernization technology 
        needs;
            ``(2) an assessment of the progress of the research 
        activities on grid modernization; and
            ``(3) assistance in annually updating grid modernization 
        technology roadmaps.''.

SEC. 8. COORDINATION OF EFFORTS.

    In carrying out the amendments made by this Act, the Secretary 
shall coordinate with relevant entities to the maximum extent 
practicable, including--
            (1) electric utilities;
            (2) private sector entities;
            (3) representatives of all sectors of the electric power 
        industry;
            (4) transmission organizations;
            (5) transmission owners and operators;
            (6) distribution organizations;
            (7) distribution asset owners and operators;
            (8) State and local governments and regulatory authorities;
            (9) academic institutions;
            (10) the National Laboratories;
            (11) other Federal agencies;
            (12) nonprofit organizations;
            (13) the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission;
            (14) the North American Reliability Corporation;
            (15) independent system operators; and
            (16) programs and program offices at the Department.

SEC. 9. DEFINITIONS.

    Title XIII of the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (42 
U.S.C. 17381 et. seq.), as amended, is amended by adding at the end the 
following:

``SEC. 1313. DEFINITIONS.

    ``In this title, the following definitions apply:
            ``(1) Critical facility.--The term `critical facility' 
        means a manmade structure that the Secretary determines vital 
        to socioeconomic activities such that, if destroyed or damaged, 
        such destruction or damage could cause substantial disruption 
        to such socioeconomic activities.
            ``(2) Distribution automation.--The term `distribution 
        automation' means systems and technologies that exert 
        intelligent control over electrical grid functions at the 
        distribution level.
            ``(3) Resilience.--The term `resilience' means the ability 
        to withstand and reduce the magnitude or duration of disruptive 
        events, which includes the capability to anticipate, absorb, 
        adapt to, or rapidly recover from such an event, including from 
        deliberate attacks, accidents, and naturally occurring threats 
        or incidents.''.

SEC. 10. TECHNICAL AMENDMENTS; AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    (a) Technical Amendments.--
            (1) Energy independence and security act of 2007.--Section 
        1(b) of the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 is 
        amended in the table of contents--
                    (A) by inserting the following after the item 
                related to section 136:

``Sec. 137. Research and development into integrating electric vehicles 
                            onto the electric grid.'';
                    (B) by inserting the following after the item 
                related to section 425:

``Sec. 426. Advanced integration of buildings onto the electric 
                            grid.'';
                    (C) by inserting the following after the item 
                related to section 1304:

``Sec. 1304a. Smart grid modeling, visualization, architecture, and 
                            controls.''; and
                    (D) by inserting the following after the item 
                related to section 1309:

``Sec. 1310. Grid resilience and emergency response.
``Sec. 1311. Hybrid energy systems.
``Sec. 1312. Industry Alliance.
``Sec. 1313. Definitions.''.
            (2) Energy policy act of 2005.--Section 1(b) of the Energy 
        Policy Act of 2005 is amended in the table of contents by 
        inserting the following after the item related to section 935:

``Sec. 936. Research and development into integrating renewable energy 
                            onto the electric grid.''.
    (b) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated--
            (1) to carry out sections 7 and 8 and the amendments made 
        by sections 2 and 3 of this Act--
                    (A) $170,000,000 for fiscal year 2020;
                    (B) $175,000,000 for fiscal year 2021;
                    (C) $180,000,000 for fiscal year 2022;
                    (D) $185,000,000 for fiscal year 2023; and
                    (E) $190,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
            (2) to carry out section 5 of this Act--
                    (A) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2020;
                    (B) $21,000,000 for fiscal year 2021;
                    (C) $22,050,000 for fiscal year 2022;
                    (D) $23,153,000 for fiscal year 2023; and
                    (E) $24,310,000 for fiscal year 2024; and
            (3) to carry out section 6 of this Act--
                    (A) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2020;
                    (B) $52,500,000 for fiscal year 2021;
                    (C) $55,152,000 for fiscal year 2022;
                    (D) $57,882,000 for fiscal year 2023; and
                    (E) $60,775,000 for fiscal year 2024.
                                                 Union Calendar No. 380

116th CONGRESS

  2d Session

                               H. R. 5428

                          [Report No. 116-474]

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL

   To amend the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 and the 
     Energy Policy Act of 2005 to direct Federal research on grid 
          modernization and security, and for other purposes.

_______________________________________________________________________

                            August 11, 2020

Committed to the Committee of the Whole House on the State of the Union 
                       and ordered to be printed