[Congressional Bills 116th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H. Con. Res. 93 Introduced in House (IH)]
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116th CONGRESS
2d Session
H. CON. RES. 93
Honoring the life and work of Louis Lorenzo Redding, whose lifelong
dedication to civil rights and service stand as an example of
leadership for all people.
_______________________________________________________________________
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
February 28, 2020
Ms. Blunt Rochester submitted the following concurrent resolution;
which was referred to the Committee on Oversight and Reform
_______________________________________________________________________
CONCURRENT RESOLUTION
Honoring the life and work of Louis Lorenzo Redding, whose lifelong
dedication to civil rights and service stand as an example of
leadership for all people.
Whereas Louis Lorenzo Redding (referred to in this preamble as ``Louis L.
Redding'') was born on October 25, 1901, in Alexandria, Virginia, the
eldest of 5 children born to Lewis Alfred and Lillian Holmes Redding;
Whereas Louis L. Redding was an educator, attorney, and lifelong activist who
worked on civil rights and educational issues;
Whereas Louis L. Redding graduated from Howard High School in 1919, which, at
that time, was the only public high school for African-American students
in Delaware;
Whereas Louis L. Redding received a bachelor's degree from Brown University in
1923;
Whereas, while at Brown University, Louis L. Redding and 7 other men established
a chapter of the Alpha Phi Alpha fraternity in Providence, Rhode Island;
Whereas, in 1923, Louis L. Redding was the first African American awarded the
prestigious William Gaston Prize for excellence in oratory and, as a
result, delivered a commencement speech at Brown University;
Whereas Louis L. Redding became an English instructor and the vice principal of
Fessenden Academy outside of Ocala, Florida, the oldest continuously
operated school originally for African-American students in Florida;
Whereas Louis L. Redding left Fessenden Academy to teach English in the high
school division of Morehouse College, a historically Black college in
Atlanta, Georgia;
Whereas, after 2 years of teaching, Louis L. Redding enrolled in Harvard Law
School in 1925;
Whereas, in 1926, as a law student at Harvard Law School, Louis L. Redding was
ejected from the Wilmington, Delaware, municipal court while protesting
segregation of the courtroom;
Whereas that municipal court was the first court in Wilmington, Delaware, to
desegregate its gallery;
Whereas Louis L. Redding graduated from Harvard Law School in 1928 as the only
African American in a class of about 200 students;
Whereas, in 1929, Louis L. Redding became the first African American to pass the
Delaware bar;
Whereas Louis L. Redding remained the only African-American lawyer in Delaware
for 26 years;
Whereas, in 1949, Louis L. Redding was admitted to the Delaware Bar Association,
an organization from which Louis L. Redding had been excluded for 20
years after having passed the Delaware bar;
Whereas, in 1950, Louis L. Redding and Jack Greenberg, a lawyer for the NAACP
Legal Defense and Educational Fund, filed the case of Parker v.
University of Delaware to protest the segregated college system in
Delaware;
Whereas, in August 1950, Chancellor Collins Seitz ruled in Parker v. University
of Delaware, 75 A.2d 225 (Del. Ch. 1950), that, under Plessy v.
Ferguson, 163 U.S. 537 (1896), the State of Delaware violated the
Constitution of the United States by offering a separate but not equal
education in the State college and university system;
Whereas, in 1951, Louis L. Redding and Jack Greenberg filed--
(1) Belton v. Gebhart, a case that concerned the desegregation of high
schools; and
(2) Bulah v. Gebhart, a case that concerned the desegregation of
elementary schools;
Whereas, in 1952, the Belton and Bulah cases were consolidated in the Delaware
Court of Chancery, where, in Belton v. Gebhart, 87 A.2d 862 (Del. Ch.
1952), Chancellor Collins Seitz ordered the Delaware State Board of
Education to open all schools in Delaware to African Americans;
Whereas the Delaware State Board of Education appealed the decision of
Chancellor Collins Seitz to the Supreme Court of Delaware, which upheld
the decision of the Chancellor in Gebhart v. Belton, 91 A.2d 137 (Del.
1952);
Whereas the case then came before the Supreme Court of the United States on a
writ of certiorari to the Supreme Court of Delaware;
Whereas Louis L. Redding and Jack Greenberg argued the case alongside Thurgood
Marshall, the first African-American Justice of the Supreme Court of the
United States, as the last of a group of 5 school desegregation cases
heard and decided by the Supreme Court of the United States in Brown v.
Board of Education of Topeka, 347 U.S. 483 (1954), and Bolling v.
Sharpe, 347 U.S. 497 (1954);
Whereas, on May 17, 1954, the Supreme Court of the United States held in Brown
v. Board of Education of Topeka, 347 U.S. 483 (1954), that separate
educational facilities for racial minorities violated the Equal
Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment to the Constitution of the
United States, thus holding that school segregation was
unconstitutional;
Whereas, on February 21, 1961, Louis L. Redding argued to the Supreme Court of
the United States in the case of Burton v. Wilmington Parking Authority
that a private company with a relationship to a government agency was in
violation of the Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment to the
Constitution of the United States if the private company refused to
provide service to a customer on the basis of race;
Whereas, in April 1961, the Supreme Court of the United States established the
principle of State action in Burton v. Wilmington Parking Authority, 365
U.S. 715 (1961), and ruled that a private entity may not discriminate on
the basis of race if the State has approved, encouraged, or facilitated
the relevant private conduct;
Whereas, in 1965, Louis L. Redding became a public defender for the State of
Delaware and fought for the rights of poor clients for nearly 20 years
thereafter;
Whereas, in 1984, Louis L. Redding retired after 55 years of practicing law;
Whereas Louis L. Redding was a member of many national organizations,
including--
(1) the National Bar Association;
(2) the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People;
(3) the National Lawyers Guild; and
(4) the Emergency Civil Liberties Committee;
Whereas Louis L. Redding was awarded the Martin Luther King, Jr. Memorial Award
by the National Education Association and an honorary Doctor of Law
degree from Brown University;
Whereas the University of Delaware established the Louis L. Redding Chair for
the Study of Law and Public Policy in the School of Education;
Whereas Pulitzer Prize winning author Richard Kluger described Louis L. Redding
as a man who fought, largely alone, for the civil rights and liberties
of Black Delawareans;
Whereas former Secretary of Transportation William T. Coleman, Jr., stated that
the giants of the civil rights movement were Houston Hastings, Louis L.
Redding, and Thurgood Marshall;
Whereas, on September 29, 1998, Louis L. Redding died at the age of 96 in Lima,
Pennsylvania;
Whereas Louis L. Redding broke down barriers and paved the way for countless
African-American lawyers to follow in his footsteps, including--
(1) Theophilus Nix, Sr., the second African American to pass the
Delaware bar exam;
(2) Joshua W. Martin III, the first African-American president of the
Delaware Bar Association;
(3) Frank H. Hollis, the first African-American attorney to represent
corporate clients in Delaware;
(4) Paulette Sullivan Moore, the first African-American woman to pass
the Delaware bar exam;
(5) Leonard L. Williams, the second African-American judge in Delaware;
(6) Haile L. Alford, the first African-American female judge in
Delaware;
(7) Arlene Coppadge, the first African-American female judge appointed
to the Delaware Family Court;
(8) Gregory M. Sleet, the first African American to be appointed as the
United States Attorney for the District of Delaware and the first African-
American judge to serve on the United States District Court for the
District of Delaware;
(9) Alex J. Smalls, the first African-American chief justice of the
Delaware Court of Common Pleas; and
(10) Tamika Montgomery-Reeves, the first African-American Vice
Chancellor of the Delaware Court of Chancery and the first African-American
justice to serve on the Supreme Court of Delaware; and
Whereas Louis L. Redding is remembered as an individual who figured prominently
in the struggle for desegregation and as a lawyer who never lost a
desegregation case: Now, therefore, be it
Resolved by the House of Representatives (the Senate concurring),
That Congress honors the life and work of Louis Lorenzo Redding, a
civil servant whose lifelong dedication to justice and equality stand
as an outstanding example of leadership for all people.
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