[Congressional Bills 115th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 3095 Introduced in Senate (IS)]

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115th CONGRESS
  2d Session
                                S. 3095

To amend the Public Health Service Act to help build a stronger health 
                            care workforce.


_______________________________________________________________________


                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                             June 20, 2018

  Mr. Reed (for himself and Mr. Blunt) introduced the following bill; 
     which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Health, 
                     Education, Labor, and Pensions

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
To amend the Public Health Service Act to help build a stronger health 
                            care workforce.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Building a Health Care Workforce for 
the Future Act''.

SEC. 2. GRANTS TO STATES FOR SCHOLARSHIP PROGRAMS.

    Subpart III of part D of title III of the Public Health Service Act 
(42 U.S.C. 254l et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 338N. GRANTS TO STATES FOR SCHOLARSHIP PROGRAMS.

    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary shall award grants to eligible 
States to enable such States to implement scholarship programs to 
ensure, with respect to the provision of health services, an adequate 
supply of physicians, dentists, behavioral and mental health 
professionals, certified nurse midwives, certified nurse practitioners, 
physician assistants, and pharmacists or other health profession as 
determined by the Secretary.
    ``(b) Eligible States.--To be eligible to receive a grant under 
this section, a State shall submit to the Secretary an application 
containing such information as the Secretary determines necessary to 
carry out this section.
    ``(c) Eligible Participants.--To be eligible to participate in a 
scholarship program carried out with a grant received under this 
section, an individual shall--
            ``(1) be accepted for enrollment, or be enrolled, as a 
        full-time student--
                    ``(A) in an accredited (as determined by the 
                Secretary) educational institution in a State; and
                    ``(B) in a course of study or program, offered by 
                such institution and approved by the Secretary, leading 
                to a degree in medicine, dentistry, school of pharmacy, 
                other health profession designated by the Secretary, 
                nursing college, or an appropriate degree from a 
                graduate program of behavioral and mental health;
            ``(2) submit to the State, an application to participate in 
        the program; and
            ``(3) sign and submit to the State, at the time of the 
        submission of the application under paragraph (2), a written 
        contract that requires the individual to--
                    ``(A) accept payments under the scholarship;
                    ``(B) maintain a minimum level of academic standing 
                during the period of the scholarship, as determined by 
                the Secretary;
                    ``(C) if applicable, complete an accredited 
                residency training program;
                    ``(D) become licensed in the applicant's State of 
                residence; and
                    ``(E) serve as a provider for 1 year for every year 
                that the applicant received a scholarship, within the 
                applicant's State of residence, in--
                            ``(i) a health professional shortage area 
                        (as defined by the National Health Service 
                        Corps under section 332);
                            ``(ii) a medically underserved area (as 
                        defined for purposes of section 330); or
                            ``(iii) any other shortage area defined by 
                        the State and approved by the Secretary.
    ``(d) Designation of Areas.--To be eligible to receive a grant 
under this section, a State shall adequately demonstrate to the 
Secretary that the State has designated appropriate health professions 
or specialty shortage areas.
    ``(e) Required Disclosures.--In disseminating application and 
contract forms to individuals desiring to participate in a scholarship 
program funded under this section, the State shall include with such 
forms a summary of the rights and liabilities of an individual whose 
application is approved (and whose contract is accepted), including a 
clear explanation of the damages to which the State is entitled in the 
case of the individual's breach of the contract.
    ``(f) Awarding of Contracts.--
            ``(1) In general.--A State that enters into a contract with 
        an individual under subsection (c)(3) shall, with respect to 
        the program in which the individual is enrolled, agree to pay--
                    ``(A) all tuition and costs associated with the 
                program;
                    ``(B) any other reasonable educational expenses, 
                including fees, books, and laboratory expenses, related 
                to the program; and
                    ``(C) a cost-of-living stipend in an amount to be 
                determined by the Secretary.
            ``(2) Consideration by state.--In entering into contracts 
        with individuals that meet the requirements of subsection (c), 
        the State shall consider the extent of the applicant's 
        demonstrated interest in the provision of care services in a 
        particular provider shortage area.
    ``(g) Matching Funds.--A State receiving a grant under this section 
shall, with respect to the costs of making payments on behalf of 
individuals under the scholarship program implemented by the State 
under the grant, make available (directly or through donations from 
public or private entities) non-Federal contributions in cash toward 
such costs in an amount equal to not less than $1 for each $1 of 
Federal funds provided under the grant.
    ``(h) Direct Administration by State Agency.--The scholarship 
program of any State receiving a grant under this section shall be 
administered directly by a State agency.
    ``(i) Report by Secretary.--Not later than 4 years after the date 
of enactment of this section, and every 5 years thereafter, the 
Secretary shall submit to Congress a report concerning--
            ``(1) the number of scholarships awarded under the State 
        scholarship program;
            ``(2) the number of scholarship recipients, broken down by 
        practice area, serving in the profession originally awarded a 
        scholarship for 1 year after the completion of the service 
        period required under subsection (c)(3)(E);
            ``(3) the number of scholarship recipients, broken down by 
        provider type, practicing in an underserved area 1 year after 
        the completion of the service period required under subsection 
        (c)(3)(E);
            ``(4) data on any changes in health professional shortage 
        areas or medically underserved areas within the State;
            ``(5) remaining gaps in such health professional shortage 
        areas or medically underserved areas;
            ``(6) the number of additional full-time physicians that 
        would be required to eliminate such health professional 
        shortage areas or medically underserved areas in the State;
            ``(7) the number of individuals who received a scholarship 
        but failed to comply with its requirements;
            ``(8) the action taken by the State to recoup scholarship 
        funds in the case of any non-compliance; and
            ``(9) recommendations to improve the program under this 
        section.
    ``(j) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section, $20,000,000 for each of fiscal 
years 2019 through 2023. Not less than 50 percent of the amount 
appropriated for a fiscal year under this subsection shall be used to 
provide scholarships to providers who intend to pursue careers in 
primary care.''.

SEC. 3. INCREASING MENTORING AND TRANSFORMING COMPETENCIES IN PRIMARY 
              CARE.

    Title VII of the Public Health Service Act is amended by inserting 
after section 747A (42 U.S.C. 293k-1), the following:

``SEC. 747B. DEVELOPING EFFECTIVE PRIMARY CARE MENTORS AND IMPROVING 
              MENTORSHIP OPPORTUNITIES FOR MEDICAL STUDENTS.

    ``(a) Grants To Cultivate Primary Care Mentors and Improve Primary 
Care Mentorship Opportunities for Medical Students.--The Secretary may 
award grants to eligible medical schools to assist such schools in 
developing and strengthening primary care mentorship programs and 
cultivating leaders in primary care among students.
    ``(b) Eligibility.--To be eligible to receive a grant under this 
section, an entity shall--
            ``(1) be an accredited medical school or college of 
        osteopathic medicine; and
            ``(2) submit to the Secretary an application at such time, 
        in such manner, and containing such information as the 
        Secretary may require, including an assurance that the 
        applicant will use amounts received under the grant to--
                    ``(A) establish or enhance existing mentorship 
                programs, including by--
                            ``(i) incentivizing medical school faculty 
                        (through financial or other reward systems) to 
                        participate as a mentor of other primary care 
                        physician faculty members and students;
                            ``(ii) providing resources for aspiring 
                        mentors to participate in workshops or other 
                        learning experiences in which primary care 
                        physicians can learn about effective strategies 
                        in primary care mentoring;
                            ``(iii) enabling successful primary care 
                        mentors on medical school faculty to spend time 
                        at another institution where they can promote 
                        best practices in mentoring primary care 
                        leaders and students; and
                            ``(iv) developing web-based resources for 
                        mentors to interact regularly and share 
                        successful strategies; or
                    ``(B) cultivate interest and leaders in primary 
                care among students, including by--
                            ``(i) offering students that identify 
                        interest in primary care upon matriculation, 
                        longitudinal experiences in primary care to 
                        care for and track the health and wellness of 
                        patients throughout medical school;
                            ``(ii) arranging partnerships with private 
                        practices, insurers, schools of public health, 
                        public health departments, and community-based 
                        service projects with the goal of providing 
                        students with the opportunity to interact with 
                        primary care mentors from a variety of health 
                        care settings;
                            ``(iii) providing stipends or other forms 
                        of financial resources to students who work 
                        with designated mentors in the field of primary 
                        care in underserved urban and rural 
                        communities; and
                            ``(iv) supporting opportunities for 
                        students to engage in practice redesign or 
                        other efforts in which primary care physicians 
                        are taking a leadership role in delivery system 
                        reform.
    ``(c) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section, $20,000,000 for each of fiscal 
years 2019 through 2025.

``SEC. 747C. DEVELOPING AND PROMOTING NEW COMPETENCIES.

    ``(a) Grants To Develop and Promote New Competencies.--In order to 
foster curricular innovations to improve the education and training of 
health care providers, the Secretary shall award grants to medical and 
other health professions schools to promote priority competencies (as 
described in subsection (b)).
    ``(b) Priority Competencies.--In awarding grants under subsection 
(a), the Secretary, acting through the Advisory Committee on Training 
in Primary Care Medicine and Dentistry (referred to in this section as 
the `Advisory Committee'), shall select an annual competency to direct 
the awarding of such grants. Such annual competencies may include--
            ``(1) patient-centered medical homes;
            ``(2) chronic disease management;
            ``(3) integration of primary care and mental health care;
            ``(4) integration of primary care, public and population 
        health, and health promotion;
            ``(5) cultural competency;
            ``(6) domestic violence;
            ``(7) improving care in medically underserved areas; and
            ``(8) team-based care.
    ``(c) Grant Recipients.--The Secretary may award grants under 
subsection (a) to programs that provide education or training for--
            ``(1) physicians;
            ``(2) dentists and dental hygienists;
            ``(3) physician assistants;
            ``(4) mental and behavioral health providers;
            ``(5) public and populations health professionals; or
            ``(6) pharmacists.
    ``(d) Consideration in Evaluating Grant Applications.--The 
Secretary shall give consideration to applicants that are proposing to 
partner with other medical programs, health professions programs, or 
nursing programs.
    ``(e) Grantee Reports.--The recipient of a grant under this section 
shall, not later than 180 days after the end of the grant period 
involved, submit to the Advisory Committee a report on the following 
(as appropriate):
            ``(1) A description of how the funding under the grant was 
        used by the grantee.
            ``(2) A description of the intended goal of such funding.
            ``(3) A description of the challenges faced by the grantee 
        in reaching the goal described in paragraph (2).
            ``(4) A description of the lessons learned by the grantee 
        related to the grant activities.
    ``(f) Recommendations of the Advisory Committee.--The Advisory 
Committee, based on the information submitted under subsection (e), 
shall annually report to the Secretary on outcomes of the activities 
carried out under grants under this section, including specific 
recommendations for scaling up innovations to promote education and 
training of health care providers in the priority competencies 
described in subsection (b).
    ``(g) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated, $10,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2019 through 2023 to 
carry out this section.''.

SEC. 4. STUDY ON DOCUMENTATION REQUIREMENTS FOR COGNITIVE SERVICE.

    Not later than 3 years after the date of enactment of this Act, the 
Secretary of Health and Human Services shall seek to enter into a 
contract with the National Academy of Medicine whereby such National 
Academy conducts a study, and submits a report to Congress, concerning 
the documentation requirements for cognitive services (evaluation and 
management services) required under the Medicare and Medicaid programs 
under titles XVIII and XIX of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395 
et seq.; 1396 et seq.), and through private health insurers. Such study 
shall include an evaluation of--
            (1) how documentation requirements designed for paper-based 
        records should be modified for electronic records;
            (2) whether the documentation requirements are overly 
        burdensome on physicians and detract from patient care;
            (3) the administrative costs to physician practices of the 
        current documentation requirements;
            (4) the average amount of time required by physicians to 
        document cognitive services;
            (5) options to more appropriately compensate physicians for 
        evaluation and management of patient care without requiring 
        excessive documentation of cognitive services; and
            (6) recommendations for less burdensome alternatives or 
        changes to existing documentation requirements of cognitive 
        services.
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