[Congressional Bills 115th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 2 Enrolled Bill (ENR)]

        H.R.2

                     One Hundred Fifteenth Congress

                                 of the

                        United States of America


                          AT THE SECOND SESSION

         Begun and held at the City of Washington on Wednesday,
           the third day of January, two thousand and eighteen


                                 An Act


 
  To provide for the reform and continuation of agricultural and other 
programs of the Department of Agriculture through fiscal year 2023, and 
                           for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.
    (a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``Agriculture 
Improvement Act of 2018''.
    (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents for this Act is as 
follows:

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
Sec. 2. Definition of Secretary.

                          TITLE I--COMMODITIES

                      Subtitle A--Commodity Policy

Sec. 1101. Definition of effective reference price.
Sec. 1102. Base acres.
Sec. 1103. Payment yields.
Sec. 1104. Payment acres.
Sec. 1105. Producer election.
Sec. 1106. Price loss coverage.
Sec. 1107. Agriculture risk coverage.
Sec. 1108. Repeal of transition assistance for producers of upland 
          cotton.

                       Subtitle B--Marketing Loans

Sec. 1201. Extensions.
Sec. 1202. Loan rates for nonrecourse marketing assistance loans.
Sec. 1203. Economic adjustment assistance for textile mills.
Sec. 1204. Special competitive provisions for extra long staple cotton.
Sec. 1205. Availability of recourse loans.

                            Subtitle C--Sugar

Sec. 1301. Sugar policy.

  Subtitle D--Dairy Margin Coverage and Other Dairy Related Provisions

Sec. 1401. Dairy margin coverage.
Sec. 1402. Reauthorizations.
Sec. 1403. Class I skim milk price.
Sec. 1404. Dairy product donation.

        Subtitle E--Supplemental Agricultural Disaster Assistance

Sec. 1501. Supplemental agricultural disaster assistance.

                 Subtitle F--Noninsured Crop Assistance

Sec. 1601. Noninsured crop assistance program.

                       Subtitle G--Administration

Sec. 1701. Regulations.
Sec. 1702. Suspension of permanent price support authority.
Sec. 1703. Payment limitations.
Sec. 1704. Adjusted gross income limitations.
Sec. 1705. Farm Service Agency accountability.
Sec. 1706. Implementation.
Sec. 1707. Exemption from certain reporting requirements for certain 
          producers.

                         TITLE II--CONSERVATION

                    Subtitle A--Wetland Conservation

Sec. 2101. Wetland conversion.
Sec. 2102. Wetland conservation.
Sec. 2103. Mitigation banking.

                Subtitle B--Conservation Reserve Program

Sec. 2201. Conservation reserve.
Sec. 2202. Conservation reserve enhancement program.
Sec. 2203. Farmable wetland program.
Sec. 2204. Pilot programs.
Sec. 2205. Duties of owners and operators.
Sec. 2206. Duties of the Secretary.
Sec. 2207. Payments.
Sec. 2208. Contracts.
Sec. 2209. Eligible land; State law requirements.

 Subtitle C--Environmental Quality Incentives Program and Conservation 
                           Stewardship Program

Sec. 2301. Repeal of conservation programs.
Sec. 2302. Purposes of environmental quality incentives program.
Sec. 2303. Definitions under environmental quality incentives program.
Sec. 2304. Establishment and administration of environmental quality 
          incentives program.
Sec. 2305. Environmental quality incentives program plan.
Sec. 2306. Limitation on payments under environmental quality incentives 
          program.
Sec. 2307. Conservation innovation grants and payments.
Sec. 2308. Conservation stewardship program.
Sec. 2309. Grassland conservation initiative.

                 Subtitle D--Other Conservation Programs

Sec. 2401. Watershed protection and flood prevention.
Sec. 2402. Soil and water resources conservation.
Sec. 2403. Emergency conservation program.
Sec. 2404. Conservation of private grazing land.
Sec. 2405. Grassroots source water protection program.
Sec. 2406. Voluntary public access and habitat incentive program.
Sec. 2407. Wildlife management.
Sec. 2408. Feral swine eradication and control pilot program.
Sec. 2409. Report on small wetlands.
Sec. 2410. Sense of Congress relating to increased watershed-based 
          collaboration.

                 Subtitle E--Funding and Administration

Sec. 2501. Commodity Credit Corporation.
Sec. 2502. Delivery of technical assistance.
Sec. 2503. Administrative requirements for conservation programs.
Sec. 2504. Temporary administration of conservation programs.

         Subtitle F--Agricultural Conservation Easement Program

Sec. 2601. Establishment and purposes.
Sec. 2602. Definitions.
Sec. 2603. Agricultural land easements.
Sec. 2604. Wetland reserve easements.
Sec. 2605. Administration.

          Subtitle G--Regional Conservation Partnership Program

Sec. 2701. Establishment and purposes.
Sec. 2702. Definitions.
Sec. 2703. Regional conservation partnerships.
Sec. 2704. Assistance to producers.
Sec. 2705. Funding.
Sec. 2706. Administration.
Sec. 2707. Critical conservation areas.

              Subtitle H--Repeals and Technical Amendments

                             PART I--Repeals

Sec. 2811. Repeal of Conservation Corridor Demonstration Program.
Sec. 2812. Repeal of cranberry acreage reserve program.
Sec. 2813. Repeal of National Natural Resources Foundation.
Sec. 2814. Repeal of flood risk reduction.
Sec. 2815. Repeal of study of land use for expiring contracts and 
          extension of authority.
Sec. 2816. Repeal of Integrated Farm Management Program Option.
Sec. 2817. Repeal of clarification of definition of agricultural lands.

                      PART II--Technical Amendments

Sec. 2821. Technical amendments.
Sec. 2822. State technical committees.

                            TITLE III--TRADE

                     Subtitle A--Food for Peace Act

Sec. 3101. Labeling requirements.
Sec. 3102. Food aid quality assurance.
Sec. 3103. Local sale and barter of commodities.
Sec. 3104. Minimum levels of assistance.
Sec. 3105. Food aid consultative group.
Sec. 3106. Issuance of regulations.
Sec. 3107. Oversight, monitoring, and evaluation.
Sec. 3108. Assistance for stockpiling and rapid transportation, 
          delivery, and distribution of shelf-stable prepackaged foods.
Sec. 3109. Consideration of impact of provision of agricultural 
          commodities and other assistance on local farmers and economy.
Sec. 3110. Allowance for distribution costs.
Sec. 3111. Prepositioning of agricultural commodities.
Sec. 3112. Annual report regarding food aid programs and activities.
Sec. 3113. Deadline for agreements to finance sales or to provide other 
          assistance.
Sec. 3114. Minimum level of nonemergency food assistance.
Sec. 3115. Termination date for micronutrient fortification programs.
Sec. 3116. John Ogonowski and Doug Bereuter Farmer-to-Farmer program.

               Subtitle B--Agricultural Trade Act of 1978

Sec. 3201. Agricultural trade promotion and facilitation.

                Subtitle C--Other Agricultural Trade Laws

Sec. 3301. Growing American Food Exports.
Sec. 3302. Food for Progress Act of 1985.
Sec. 3303. Bill Emerson Humanitarian Trust Act.
Sec. 3304. Promotion of agricultural exports to emerging markets.
Sec. 3305. Cochran fellowship program.
Sec. 3306. Borlaug International Agricultural Science and Technology 
          Fellowship program.
Sec. 3307. International Agricultural Education Fellowship program.
Sec. 3308. International food security technical assistance.
Sec. 3309. McGovern-Dole International Food for Education and Child 
          Nutrition program.
Sec. 3310. Global Crop Diversity Trust.
Sec. 3311. Local and regional food aid procurement projects.
Sec. 3312. Foreign trade missions.

                           TITLE IV--NUTRITION

          Subtitle A--Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program

Sec. 4001. Requirements for online acceptance of benefits.
Sec. 4002. Re-evaluation of thrifty food plan.
Sec. 4003. Food distribution program on Indian reservations.
Sec. 4004. Simplified homeless housing costs.
Sec. 4005. Employment and training for supplemental nutrition assistance 
          program.
Sec. 4006. Improvements to electronic benefit transfer system.
Sec. 4007. Review of supplemental nutrition assistance program 
          operations.
Sec. 4008. Retail incentives.
Sec. 4009. Required action on data match information.
Sec. 4010. Incentivizing technology modernization.
Sec. 4011. Interstate data matching to prevent multiple issuances.
Sec. 4012. Requirement of live-production environments for certain pilot 
          projects relating to cost sharing for computerization.
Sec. 4013. Quality control improvements.
Sec. 4014. Evaluation of child support enforcement cooperation 
          requirements.
Sec. 4015. Longitudinal data for research.
Sec. 4016. Authorization of appropriations.
Sec. 4017. Assistance for community food projects.
Sec. 4018. Emergency food assistance program.
Sec. 4019. Nutrition education.
Sec. 4020. Retail food store and recipient trafficking.
Sec. 4021. Public-private partnerships.
Sec. 4022. Technical corrections.

               Subtitle B--Commodity Distribution Programs

Sec. 4101. Commodity distribution program.
Sec. 4102. Commodity supplemental food program.
Sec. 4103. Distribution of surplus commodities to special nutrition 
          projects.
Sec. 4104. Food donation standards.

                        Subtitle C--Miscellaneous

Sec. 4201. Seniors farmers' market nutrition program.
Sec. 4202. Purchase of fresh fruits and vegetables for distribution to 
          schools and service institutions.
Sec. 4203. Service of traditional foods in public facilities.
Sec. 4204. Healthy food financing initiative.
Sec. 4205. The Gus Schumacher nutrition incentive program.
Sec. 4206. Micro-grants for food security.
Sec. 4207. Buy American requirements.
Sec. 4208. Healthy fluid milk incentives projects.

                             TITLE V--CREDIT

                    Subtitle A--Farm Ownership Loans

Sec. 5101. Modification of the 3-year experience eligibility requirement 
          for farm ownership loans.
Sec. 5102. Conservation loan and loan guarantee program.
Sec. 5103. Limitations on amount of farm ownership loans.
Sec. 5104. Relending program to resolve ownership and succession on 
          farmland.

                       Subtitle B--Operating Loans

Sec. 5201. Limitations on amount of operating loans.
Sec. 5202. Microloans.
Sec. 5203. Cooperative lending pilot projects.

                  Subtitle C--Administrative Provisions

Sec. 5301. Beginning farmer and rancher individual development accounts 
          pilot program.
Sec. 5302. Loan authorization levels.
Sec. 5303. Loan fund set-asides.
Sec. 5304. Use of additional funds for direct operating microloans under 
          certain conditions.
Sec. 5305. Equitable relief.
Sec. 5306. Socially disadvantaged farmers and ranchers; qualified 
          beginning farmers and ranchers.
Sec. 5307. Emergency loan eligibility.

                        Subtitle D--Miscellaneous

Sec. 5401. Technical corrections to the Consolidated Farm and Rural 
          Development Act.
Sec. 5402. State agricultural mediation programs.
Sec. 5403. Compensation of bank directors.
Sec. 5404. Sharing of privileged and confidential information.
Sec. 5405. Facility headquarters.
Sec. 5406. Removal and prohibition authority; industry-wide prohibition.
Sec. 5407. Jurisdiction over institution-affiliated parties.
Sec. 5408. Definition of institution-affiliated party.
Sec. 5409. Prohibition on use of funds.
Sec. 5410. Expansion of acreage exception to loan amount limitation.
Sec. 5411. Repeal of obsolete provisions; technical corrections.
Sec. 5412. Corporation as conservator or receiver; certain other powers.
Sec. 5413. Reporting.
Sec. 5414. Study on loan risk.
Sec. 5415. GAO report on ability of the Farm Credit System to meet the 
          agricultural credit needs of Indian tribes and their members.
Sec. 5416. GAO report on credit service to socially disadvantaged 
          farmers and ranchers.

                       TITLE VI--RURAL DEVELOPMENT

         Subtitle A--Improving Health Outcomes in Rural America

Sec. 6101. Combating substance use disorder in rural America; 
          prioritizations.
Sec. 6102. Distance learning and telemedicine.
Sec. 6103. Refinancing of certain rural hospital debt.

     Subtitle B--Connecting Rural Americans to High Speed Broadband

Sec. 6201. Access to broadband telecommunications services in rural 
          areas.
Sec. 6202. Expansion of middle mile infrastructure into rural areas.
Sec. 6203. Modifications to the Rural Gigabit Program.
Sec. 6204. Community Connect Grant Program.
Sec. 6205. Outdated broadband systems.
Sec. 6206. Default and deobligation; deferral.
Sec. 6207. Public notice, assessments, and reporting requirements.
Sec. 6208. Environmental reviews.
Sec. 6209. Use of loan proceeds to refinance loans for deployment of 
          broadband service.
Sec. 6210. Smart utility authority for broadband.
Sec. 6211. Refinancing of telephone loans.
Sec. 6212. Federal broadband program coordination.
Sec. 6213. Transition rule.
Sec. 6214. Rural broadband integration working group.

                        Subtitle C--Miscellaneous

Sec. 6301. Exclusion of certain populations from definition of rural 
          area.
Sec. 6302. Establishment of technical assistance program.
Sec. 6303. Rural energy savings program.
Sec. 6304. Northern Border Regional Commission reauthorization.
Sec. 6305. Definition of rural area for purposes of the Housing Act of 
          1949.
Sec. 6306. Council on Rural Community Innovation and Economic 
          Development.

  Subtitle D--Additional Amendments to the Consolidated Farm and Rural 
                             Development Act

Sec. 6401. Strategic economic and community development.
Sec. 6402. Expanding access to credit for rural communities.
Sec. 6403. Water, waste disposal, and wastewater facility grants.
Sec. 6404. Rural water and wastewater technical assistance and training 
          programs.
Sec. 6405. Rural water and wastewater circuit rider program.
Sec. 6406. Tribal college and university essential community facilities.
Sec. 6407. Emergency and imminent community water assistance grant 
          program.
Sec. 6408. Water systems for rural and native villages in Alaska.
Sec. 6409. Rural decentralized water systems.
Sec. 6410. Solid waste management grants.
Sec. 6411. Rural business development grants.
Sec. 6412. Rural cooperative development grants.
Sec. 6413. Locally or regionally produced agricultural food products.
Sec. 6414. Appropriate technology transfer for rural areas program.
Sec. 6415. Rural economic area partnership zones.
Sec. 6416. Intemediary relending program.
Sec. 6417. Access to information to verify income for participants in 
          certain rural housing programs.
Sec. 6418. Providing for additional fees for guaranteed loans under the 
          Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act.
Sec. 6419. Rural Business-Cooperative Service programs technical 
          assistance and training.
Sec. 6420. National Rural Development Partnership.
Sec. 6421. Grants for NOAA weather radio transmitters.
Sec. 6422. Rural microentrepreneur assistance program.
Sec. 6423. Health care services.
Sec. 6424. Rural innovation stronger economy grant program.
Sec. 6425. Delta Regional Authority.
Sec. 6426. Rural business investment program.
Sec. 6427. Rural business investment program.

 Subtitle E--Additional Amendments to the Rural Electrification Act of 
                                  1936

Sec. 6501. Amendments to section 2 of the Rural Electrification Act of 
          1936.
Sec. 6502. Loans for telephone service.
Sec. 6503. Cushion of credit payments program.
Sec. 6504. Extension of the rural economic development loan and grant 
          program.
Sec. 6505. Guarantees for bonds and notes issued for electrification or 
          telephone purposes.
Sec. 6506. Expansion of 911 access.
Sec. 6507. Cybersecurity and grid security improvements.

                       Subtitle F--Program Repeals

Sec. 6601. Elimination of unfunded programs.
Sec. 6602. Repeal of Rural Telephone Bank.
Sec. 6603. Amendments to LOCAL TV Act.

                    Subtitle G--Technical Corrections

Sec. 6701. Corrections relating to the Consolidated Farm and Rural 
          Development Act.
Sec. 6702. Corrections relating to the Rural Electrification Act of 
          1936.

           TITLE VII--RESEARCH, EXTENSION, AND RELATED MATTERS

  Subtitle A--National Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching 
                           Policy Act of 1977

Sec. 7101. Purposes of agricultural research, extension, and education.
Sec. 7102. Matters related to certain school designations and 
          declarations.
Sec. 7103. National Agricultural Research, Extension, Education, and 
          Economics Advisory Board.
Sec. 7104. Specialty crop committee.
Sec. 7105. Renewable energy committee discontinued.
Sec. 7106. Veterinary services grant program.
Sec. 7107. Grants and fellowships for food and agriculture sciences 
          education.
Sec. 7108. Agricultural and food policy research centers.
Sec. 7109. Education grants to Alaska Native serving institutions and 
          Native Hawaiian serving institutions.
Sec. 7110. Next generation agriculture technology challenge.
Sec. 7111. Land-grant designation.
Sec. 7112. Nutrition education program.
Sec. 7113. Continuing animal health and disease research programs.
Sec. 7114. Carryover of funds for extension at 1890 land-grant colleges, 
          including Tuskegee University.
Sec. 7115. Extension and agricultural research at 1890 land-grant 
          colleges, including Tuskegee University.
Sec. 7116. Reports on disbursement of funds for agricultural research 
          and extension at 1862 and 1890 land-grant colleges, including 
          Tuskegee University.
Sec. 7117. Scholarships for students at 1890 institutions.
Sec. 7118. Grants to upgrade agricultural and food sciences facilities 
          at 1890 land-grant colleges, including Tuskegee University.
Sec. 7119. Grants to upgrade agriculture and food sciences facilities 
          and equipment at insular area land-grant institutions.
Sec. 7120. New Beginning for Tribal Students.
Sec. 7121. Hispanic-serving institutions.
Sec. 7122. Binational agricultural research and development.
Sec. 7123. Partnerships to build capacity in international agricultural 
          research, extension, and teaching.
Sec. 7124. Competitive grants for international agricultural science and 
          education programs.
Sec. 7125. Limitation on indirect costs for agricultural research, 
          education, and extension programs.
Sec. 7126. Research equipment grants.
Sec. 7127. University research.
Sec. 7128. Extension service.
Sec. 7129. Supplemental and alternative crops; hemp.
Sec. 7130. New Era Rural Technology program.
Sec. 7131. Capacity building grants for NLGCA Institutions.
Sec. 7132. Agriculture advanced research and development authority 
          pilot.
Sec. 7133. Aquaculture assistance programs.
Sec. 7134. Rangeland research programs.
Sec. 7135. Special authorization for biosecurity planning and response.
Sec. 7136. Distance education and resident instruction grants program 
          for insular area institutions of higher education.

   Subtitle B--Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990

Sec. 7201. Best utilization of biological applications.
Sec. 7202. Integrated management systems.
Sec. 7203. Sustainable agriculture technology development and transfer 
          program.
Sec. 7204. National training program.
Sec. 7205. National strategic germplasm and cultivar collection 
          assessment and utilization plan.
Sec. 7206. National Genetics Resources Program.
Sec. 7207. National Agricultural Weather Information System.
Sec. 7208. Agricultural genome to phenome initiative.
Sec. 7209. High-priority research and extension initiatives.
Sec. 7210. Organic agriculture research and extension initiative.
Sec. 7211. Farm business management.
Sec. 7212. Urban, indoor, and other emerging agricultural production 
          research, education, and extension initiative.
Sec. 7213. Centers of excellence at 1890 Institutions.
Sec. 7214. Clarification of veteran eligibility for assistive technology 
          program for farmers with disabilities.
Sec. 7215. National Rural Information Center Clearinghouse.

 Subtitle C--Agricultural Research, Extension, and Education Reform Act 
                                 of 1998

Sec. 7301. National food safety training, education, extension, 
          outreach, and technical assistance program.
Sec. 7302. Integrated research, education, and extension competitive 
          grants program.
Sec. 7303. Support for research regarding diseases of wheat, triticale, 
          and barley caused by Fusarium graminearum or by Tilletia 
          indica.
Sec. 7304. Grants for youth organizations.
Sec. 7305. Specialty crop research initiative.
Sec. 7306. Food Animal Residue Avoidance Database program.
Sec. 7307. Office of Pest Management Policy.
Sec. 7308. Forestry products advanced utilization research.

         Subtitle D--Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008

                      PART I--Agricultural Security

Sec. 7401. Agricultural biosecurity communication center.
Sec. 7402. Assistance to build local capacity in agricultural 
          biosecurity planning, preparation, and response.
Sec. 7403. Research and development of agricultural countermeasures.
Sec. 7404. Agricultural biosecurity grant program.

                         PART II--Miscellaneous

Sec. 7411. Grazinglands research laboratory.
Sec. 7412. Farm and Ranch Stress Assistance Network.
Sec. 7413. Natural products research program.
Sec. 7414. Sun grant program.

                  Subtitle E--Amendments to Other Laws

Sec. 7501. Critical Agricultural Materials Act.
Sec. 7502. Equity in Educational Land-Grant Status Act of 1994.
Sec. 7503. Research Facilities Act.
Sec. 7504. Agriculture and Food Research Initiative.
Sec. 7505. Extension design and demonstration initiative.
Sec. 7506. Repeal of review of agricultural research service.
Sec. 7507. Biomass research and development.
Sec. 7508. Reinstatement of matching requirement for Federal funds used 
          in extension work at the University of the District of 
          Columbia.
Sec. 7509. Renewable Resources Extension Act of 1978.
Sec. 7510. National Aquaculture Act of 1980.
Sec. 7511. Federal agriculture research facilities.

                        Subtitle F--Other Matters

Sec. 7601. Enhanced use lease authority program.
Sec. 7602. Transfer of administrative jurisdiction over portion of Henry 
          A. Wallace Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, 
          Beltsville, Maryland.
Sec. 7603. Foundation for food and agriculture research.
Sec. 7604. Assistance for forestry research under the McIntire-Stennis 
          Cooperative Forestry Act.
Sec. 7605. Legitimacy of industrial hemp research.
Sec. 7606. Collection of data relating to barley area planted and 
          harvested.
Sec. 7607. Collection of data relating to the size and location of dairy 
          farms.
Sec. 7608. Agriculture innovation center demonstration program.
Sec. 7609. Smith-Lever community extension program.
Sec. 7610. Mechanization and automation for specialty crops.
Sec. 7611. Experienced services program.
Sec. 7612. Simplified plan of work.
Sec. 7613. Review of land-grant time and effort reporting requirements.
Sec. 7614. Matching funds requirement.

                          TITLE VIII--FORESTRY

         Subtitle A--Cooperative Forestry Assistance Act of 1978

Sec. 8101. Support for State assessments and strategies for forest 
          resources.
Sec. 8102. State and private forest landscape-scale restoration program.

  Subtitle B--Forest and Rangeland Renewable Resources Research Act of 
                                  1978

Sec. 8201. Repeal of recycling research.
Sec. 8202. Repeal of forestry student grant program.

        Subtitle C--Global Climate Change Prevention Act of 1990

Sec. 8301. Repeals relating to biomass.

           Subtitle D--Healthy Forests Restoration Act of 2003

Sec. 8401. Promoting cross-boundary wildfire mitigation.
Sec. 8402. Authorization of appropriations for hazardous fuel reduction 
          on Federal land.
Sec. 8403. Repeal of biomass commercial utilization grant program.
Sec. 8404. Water Source Protection Program.
Sec. 8405. Watershed Condition Framework.
Sec. 8406. Authorization of appropriations to combat insect infestations 
          and related diseases.
Sec. 8407. Healthy Forests Restoration Act of 2003 amendments.
Sec. 8408. Authorization of appropriations for designation of treatment 
          areas.

Subtitle E--Repeal or Reauthorization of Miscellaneous Forestry Programs

Sec. 8501. Repeal of revision of strategic plan for forest inventory and 
          analysis.
Sec. 8502. Semiarid agroforestry research center.
Sec. 8503. National Forest Foundation Act.
Sec. 8504. Conveyance of Forest Service administrative sites.

                      Subtitle F--Forest Management

Sec. 8601. Definition of National Forest System.

PART I--Expedited Environmental Analysis and Availability of Categorical 
           Exclusions to Expedite Forest Management Activities

Sec. 8611. Categorical exclusion for greater sage-grouse and mule deer 
          habitat.

           PART II--Miscellaneous Forest Management Activities

Sec. 8621. Additional authority for sale or exchange of small parcels of 
          National Forest System land.
Sec. 8622. Forest Service participation in ACES program.
Sec. 8623. Authorization for lease of Forest Service sites.
Sec. 8624. Good neighbor authority.
Sec. 8625. Chattahoochee-Oconee National Forest land adjustment.
Sec. 8626. Tennessee wilderness.
Sec. 8627. Kisatchie National Forest land conveyance.
Sec. 8628. Purchase of Natural Resources Conservation Service property, 
          Riverside County, California.
Sec. 8629. Collaborative Forest Landscape Restoration Program.
Sec. 8630. Utility infrastructure rights-of-way vegetation management 
          pilot program.
Sec. 8631. Okhissa Lake rural economic development land conveyance.
Sec. 8632. Remote sensing technologies.

                       PART III--Timber Innovation

Sec. 8641. Definitions.
Sec. 8642. Clarification of research and development program for wood 
          building construction.
Sec. 8643. Wood innovation grant program.
Sec. 8644. Community wood energy and wood innovation program.

                        Subtitle G--Other Matters

Sec. 8701. Rural revitalization technologies.
Sec. 8702. Resource Advisory Committees.
Sec. 8703. Tribal forest management demonstration project.
Sec. 8704. Technical corrections.
Sec. 8705. Streamlining the Forest Service process for consideration of 
          communications facility location applications.
Sec. 8706. Report on wildfire, insect infestation, and disease 
          prevention on Federal land.
Sec. 8707. West Fork Fire Station.
Sec. 8708. Competitive forestry, natural resources, and environmental 
          grants program.

                            TITLE IX--ENERGY

Sec. 9001. Definitions.
Sec. 9002. Biobased markets program.
Sec. 9003. Biorefinery assistance.
Sec. 9004. Repowering assistance program.
Sec. 9005. Bioenergy program for advanced biofuels.
Sec. 9006. Biodiesel fuel education program.
Sec. 9007. Rural Energy for America Program.
Sec. 9008. Rural Energy Self-Sufficiency Initiative.
Sec. 9009. Feedstock flexibility.
Sec. 9010. Biomass Crop Assistance Program.
Sec. 9011. Carbon utilization and biogas education program.

                          TITLE X--HORTICULTURE

Sec. 10101. Specialty crops market news allocation.
Sec. 10102. Local agriculture market program.
Sec. 10103. Organic production and market data initiatives.
Sec. 10104. Organic certification.
Sec. 10105. National organic certification cost-share program.
Sec. 10106. Food safety education initiatives.
Sec. 10107. Specialty crop block grants.
Sec. 10108. Amendments to the Plant Variety Protection Act.
Sec. 10109. Multiple crop and pesticide use survey.
Sec. 10110. Report on the arrival in the United States of forest pests 
          through restrictions on the importation of certain plants for 
          planting.
Sec. 10111. Report on plant biostimulants.
Sec. 10112. Clarification of use of funds for technical assistance.
Sec. 10113. Hemp production.
Sec. 10114. Interstate commerce.
Sec. 10115. FIFRA interagency working group.
Sec. 10116. Study on methyl bromide use in response to an emergency 
          event.

                        TITLE XI--CROP INSURANCE

Sec. 11101. Definitions.
Sec. 11102. Data collection.
Sec. 11103. Sharing of records.
Sec. 11104. Use of resources.
Sec. 11105. Specialty crops.
Sec. 11106. Insurance period.
Sec. 11107. Cover crops.
Sec. 11108. Underserved producers.
Sec. 11109. Treatment of forage and grazing.
Sec. 11110. Administrative basic fee.
Sec. 11111. Enterprise units.
Sec. 11112. Continued authority.
Sec. 11113. Submission of policies and materials to board.
Sec. 11114. Crop production on native sod.
Sec. 11115. Use of national agricultural statistics service data to 
          combat waste, fraud, and abuse.
Sec. 11116. Submission of information to corporation.
Sec. 11117. Continuing education for loss adjusters and agents.
Sec. 11118. Program administration.
Sec. 11119. Agricultural commodity.
Sec. 11120. Maintenance of policies.
Sec. 11121. Reimbursement of research, development, and maintenance 
          costs.
Sec. 11122. Research and development authority.
Sec. 11123. Funding for research and development.
Sec. 11124. Technical amendment to pilot programs.
Sec. 11125. Education and risk management assistance.
Sec. 11126. Repeal of cropland report annual updates.

                        TITLE XII--MISCELLANEOUS

                          Subtitle A--Livestock

Sec. 12101. Animal disease prevention and management.
Sec. 12102. Sheep production and marketing grant program.
Sec. 12103. Feasibility study on livestock dealer statutory trust.
Sec. 12104. Definition of livestock.
Sec. 12105. National Aquatic Animal Health Plan.
Sec. 12106. Veterinary training.
Sec. 12107. Report on FSIS guidance and outreach to small meat 
          processors.
Sec. 12108. Regional Cattle and Carcass Grading Correlation and Training 
          Centers.

                Subtitle B--Agriculture and Food Defense

Sec. 12201. Repeal of Office of Homeland Security.
Sec. 12202. Office of Homeland Security.
Sec. 12203. Agriculture and food defense.
Sec. 12204. Biological agents and toxins list.
Sec. 12205. Authorization of appropriations.

             Subtitle C--Historically Underserved Producers

Sec. 12301. Farming opportunities training and outreach.
Sec. 12302. Urban agriculture.
Sec. 12303. Tribal Advisory Committee.
Sec. 12304. Beginning farmer and rancher coordination.
Sec. 12305. Agricultural youth organization coordinator.
Sec. 12306. Availability of Department of Agriculture programs for 
          veteran farmers and ranchers.

    Subtitle D--Department of Agriculture Reorganization Act of 1994 
                               Amendments

Sec. 12401. Office of Congressional Relations and Intergovernmental 
          Affairs.
Sec. 12402. Military Veterans Agricultural Liaison.
Sec. 12403. Civil rights analyses.
Sec. 12404. Farm Service Agency.
Sec. 12405. Under Secretary of Agriculture for Farm Production and 
          Conservation.
Sec. 12406. Office of Partnerships and Public Engagement.
Sec. 12407. Under Secretary of Agriculture for Rural Development.
Sec. 12408. Administrator of the Rural Utilities Service.
Sec. 12409. Rural Health Liaison.
Sec. 12410. Natural Resources Conservation Service.
Sec. 12411. Office of the Chief Scientist.
Sec. 12412. Appointment of national appeals division hearing officers.
Sec. 12413. Trade and foreign agricultural affairs.
Sec. 12414. Repeals.
Sec. 12415. Technical corrections.
Sec. 12416. Termination of authority.

               Subtitle E--Other Miscellaneous Provisions

              PART I--Miscellaneous Agriculture Provisions

Sec. 12501. Acer access and development program.
Sec. 12502. Protecting animals with shelter.
Sec. 12503. Marketing orders.
Sec. 12504. Establishment of food loss and waste reduction liaison.
Sec. 12505. Report on business centers.
Sec. 12506. Report on personnel.
Sec. 12507. Report on absent landlords.
Sec. 12508. Century farms program.
Sec. 12509. Report on importation of live dogs.
Sec. 12510. Tribal Promise Zones.
Sec. 12511. Precision agriculture connectivity.
Sec. 12512. Improvements to United States Drought Monitor.
Sec. 12513. Dairy business innovation initiatives.
Sec. 12514. Report on funding for the National Institute of Food and 
          Agriculture and other extension programs.
Sec. 12515. Prohibition on slaughter of dogs and cats for human 
          consumption.
Sec. 12516. Labeling exemption for single ingredient foods and products.
Sec. 12517. South Carolina inclusion in Virginia/Carolina peanut 
          producing region.
Sec. 12518. Forest Service hire authority.
Sec. 12519. Conversion authority.
Sec. 12520. Authorization of protection operations for the Secretary of 
          Agriculture and others.

               PART II--National Oilheat Research Alliance

Sec. 12531. National oilheat research alliance.

                     Subtitle F--General Provisions

Sec. 12601. Baiting of migratory game birds.
Sec. 12602. Pima agriculture cotton trust fund.
Sec. 12603. Agriculture wool apparel manufacturers trust fund.
Sec. 12604. Wool research and promotion.
Sec. 12605. Emergency Citrus Disease Research and Development Trust 
          Fund.
Sec. 12606. Extension of merchandise processing fees.
Sec. 12607. Reports on land access and farmland ownership data 
          collection.
Sec. 12608. Reauthorization of rural emergency medical services training 
          and equipment assistance program.
Sec. 12609. Commission on Farm Transitions--Needs for 2050.
Sec. 12610. Exceptions under United States Grain Standards Act.
Sec. 12611. Conference report requirement threshold.
Sec. 12612. National agriculture imagery program.
Sec. 12613. Report on inclusion of natural stone products in Commodity 
          Promotion, Research, and Information Act of 1996.
Sec. 12614. Establishment of food access liaison.
Sec. 12615. Eligibility for operators on heirs property land to obtain a 
          farm number.
Sec. 12616. Extending prohibition on animal fighting to the territories.
Sec. 12617. Exemption of exportation of certain echinoderms from 
          permission and licensing requirements.
Sec. 12618. Data on conservation practices.
Sec. 12619. Conforming changes to Controlled Substances Act.
SEC. 2. DEFINITION OF SECRETARY.
    In this Act, the term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary of 
Agriculture.

                          TITLE I--COMMODITIES
                      Subtitle A--Commodity Policy

SEC. 1101. DEFINITION OF EFFECTIVE REFERENCE PRICE.
    Section 1111 of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9011) is 
amended--
        (1) by redesignating paragraphs (8) through (25) as paragraphs 
    (9) through (26), respectively; and
        (2) by inserting after paragraph (7) the following:
        ``(8) Effective reference price.--The term `effective reference 
    price', with respect to a covered commodity for a crop year, means 
    the lesser of the following:
            ``(A) An amount equal to 115 percent of the reference price 
        for such covered commodity.
            ``(B) An amount equal to the greater of--
                ``(i) the reference price for such covered commodity; 
            or
                ``(ii) 85 percent of the average of the marketing year 
            average price of the covered commodity for the most recent 
            5 crop years, excluding each of the crop years with the 
            highest and lowest marketing year average price.''.
SEC. 1102. BASE ACRES.
    (a) Technical Corrections.--Section 1112(c)(2) of the Agricultural 
Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9012(c)(2)) is amended by striking subparagraph 
(A) and inserting the following:
            ``(A) Any acreage on the farm enrolled in--
                ``(i) the conservation reserve program established 
            under subchapter B of chapter 1 of subtitle D of title XII 
            of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3831 et seq.); 
            or
                ``(ii) a wetland reserve easement under section 1265C 
            of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3865c).''.
    (b) Reduction in Base Acres.--Section 1112(d) of the Agricultural 
Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9012(d)) is amended by adding at the end the 
following:
        ``(3) Treatment of base acres on farms entirely planted to 
    grass or pasture.--
            ``(A) In general.--In the case of a farm on which all of 
        the cropland was planted to grass or pasture (including 
        cropland that was idle or fallow), as determined by the 
        Secretary, during the period beginning on January 1, 2009, and 
        ending on December 31, 2017, the Secretary shall maintain all 
        base acres and payment yields for the covered commodities on 
        the farm, except that no payment shall be made with respect to 
        those base acres under section 1116 or 1117 for the 2019 
        through 2023 crop years.
            ``(B) Ineligibility.--The producers on a farm for which all 
        of the base acres are maintained under subparagraph (A) shall 
        be ineligible for the option to change the election applicable 
        to the producers on the farm under section 1115(h).
        ``(4) Prohibition on reconstitution of farm.--The Secretary 
    shall ensure that producers on a farm do not reconstitute the farm 
    to void or change the treatment of base acres under this 
    section.''.
SEC. 1103. PAYMENT YIELDS.
    (a) Treatment of Designated Oilseeds.--Section 1113(b) of the 
Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9013(b)) is amended--
        (1) in paragraph (1), by striking ``designated oilseeds'' and 
    inserting ``oilseeds designated before the date of enactment of the 
    Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018'';
        (2) in paragraphs (2) and (3), by striking ``a designated 
    oilseed'' each place it appears and inserting ``an oilseed 
    designated before the date of enactment of the Agriculture 
    Improvement Act of 2018''; and
        (3) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(4) Treatment of oilseeds designated after certain date.--In 
    the case of oilseeds designated on or after the date of enactment 
    of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018, the payment yield shall 
    be equal to 90 percent of the average of the yield per planted acre 
    for the most recent 5 crop years, as determined by the Secretary, 
    excluding any crop year in which the acreage planted to the covered 
    commodity was zero.''.
    (b) Single Opportunity to Update Yields.--Section 1113 of the 
Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9013) is amended by striking 
subsection (d) and inserting the following:
    ``(d) Single Opportunity to Update Yields.--
        ``(1) Election to update.--At the sole discretion of the owner 
    of a farm, the owner of a farm shall have a 1-time opportunity to 
    update, on a covered-commodity-by-covered-commodity basis, the 
    payment yield that would otherwise be used in calculating any price 
    loss coverage payment for each covered commodity on the farm for 
    which the election is made.
        ``(2) Method of updating yields for covered commodities.--If 
    the owner of a farm elects to update yields under paragraph (1), 
    the payment yield for a covered commodity on the farm, for the 
    purpose of calculating price loss coverage payments only, shall be 
    equal to the product obtained by multiplying--
            ``(A) 90 percent;
            ``(B) the average of the yield per planted acre for the 
        crop of covered commodities on the farm for the 2013 through 
        2017 crop years, as determined by the Secretary, excluding any 
        crop year in which the acreage planted to the covered commodity 
        was zero; and
            ``(C) subject to paragraph (3), the ratio obtained by 
        dividing--
                ``(i) the average of the 2008 through 2012 national 
            average yield per planted acre for the covered commodity, 
            as determined by the Secretary; by
                ``(ii) the average of the 2013 through 2017 national 
            average yield per planted acre for the covered commodity, 
            as determined by the Secretary.
        ``(3) Limitation.--In no case shall the ratio obtained under 
    paragraph (2)(C) be less than 90 percent or greater than 100 
    percent.
        ``(4) Use of county average yield.--For the purposes of 
    determining the average yield per planted acre under paragraph 
    (2)(B), if the yield per planted acre for a crop of a covered 
    commodity for a farm for any of the crop years described in that 
    subparagraph was less than 75 percent of the average of county 
    yields for those crop years for that commodity, the Secretary shall 
    assign a yield for that crop year equal to 75 percent of the 
    average of the 2013 through 2017 county yield for the covered 
    commodity.
        ``(5) Upland cotton conversion.--In the case of seed cotton, 
    for purposes of determining the average of the yield per planted 
    acre under this subsection, the average yield for seed cotton per 
    planted acre shall be equal to 2.4 times the average yield for 
    upland cotton per planted acre.
        ``(6) Time for election.--An election under this subsection 
    shall be made at a time and manner so as to be in effect beginning 
    with the 2020 crop year, as determined by the Secretary.''.
SEC. 1104. PAYMENT ACRES.
    Section 1114 of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9014) is 
amended--
        (1) in subsection (d)--
            (A) in paragraph (1), by inserting ``, unless the sum of 
        the base acres on the farm, when combined with the base acres 
        of other farms in which the producer has an interest, is more 
        than 10 acres'' before the period at the end; and
            (B) in paragraph (2)--
                (i) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``or'' at the end;
                (ii) in subparagraph (B), by striking the period at the 
            end and inserting a semicolon; and
                (iii) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(C) a beginning farmer or rancher (as defined in 
        subsection (a) of section 2501 of the Food, Agriculture, 
        Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 2279)); or
            ``(D) a veteran farmer or rancher (as defined in subsection 
        (a) of section 2501 of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and 
        Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 2279)).''; and
        (2) in subsection (e), by adding at the end the following:
        ``(5) Effect of reduction.--For each crop year for which 
    fruits, vegetables (other than mung beans and pulse crops), or wild 
    rice are planted to base acres on a farm for which a reduction in 
    payment acres is made under this subsection, the Secretary shall 
    consider such base acres to be planted, or prevented from being 
    planted, to a covered commodity for purposes of any adjustment or 
    reduction of base acres for the farm under section 1112.''.
SEC. 1105. PRODUCER ELECTION.
    Section 1115 of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9015) is 
amended--
        (1) in subsection (a), in the matter preceding paragraph (1), 
    by striking ``Except as provided in subsection (g), for the 2014 
    through 2018 crop years'' and inserting ``For the 2014 through 2018 
    crop years (except as provided in subsection (g)) and for the 2019 
    through 2023 crop years (subject to subsection (h))'';
        (2) in subsection (b), in the matter preceding paragraph (1), 
    by striking ``subsection (a), the producers on a farm that elect 
    under paragraph (2) of such subsection to obtain agriculture risk 
    coverage under section 1117'' and inserting ``subsection (a) or 
    (h), as applicable, the producers on a farm that elect to obtain 
    agriculture risk coverage'';
        (3) in subsection (c)--
            (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by inserting 
        ``or the 2019 crop year, as applicable'' after ``2014 crop 
        year'';
            (B) in paragraph (1), by inserting ``or the 2019 crop year, 
        as applicable,'' after ``2014 crop year''; and
            (C) by striking paragraph (2) and inserting the following:
        ``(2) subject to subsection (h), the producers on the farm 
    shall be deemed to have elected, as applicable--
            ``(A) price loss coverage for all covered commodities on 
        the farm for the 2015 through 2018 crop years; and
            ``(B) the same coverage for each covered commodity on the 
        farm for the 2020 through 2023 crop years as was applicable for 
        the 2015 through 2018 crop years.'';
        (4) in subsection (g)(1), by inserting ``for the 2018 crop 
    year,'' before ``all of the producers''; and
        (5) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(h) Option to Change Election.--
        ``(1) In general.--For the 2021 crop year and each crop year 
    thereafter, all of the producers on a farm may change the election 
    under subsection (a), subsection (c), or this subsection, as 
    applicable, to price loss coverage or agriculture risk coverage, as 
    applicable.
        ``(2) Applicability.--An election change under paragraph (1) 
    shall apply to--
            ``(A) the crop year for which the election change is made; 
        and
            ``(B) each crop year thereafter until another election 
        change is made under that paragraph.''.
SEC. 1106. PRICE LOSS COVERAGE.
    Section 1116 of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9016) is 
amended--
        (1) in subsection (a)--
            (A) by redesignating paragraphs (1) and (2) as 
        subparagraphs (A) and (B), respectively, and indenting 
        appropriately;
            (B) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A) (as so 
        redesignated)--
                (i) by inserting ``or (h)'' after ``subsection (a)''; 
            and
                (ii) by striking ``determines that, for any of the 2014 
            through 2018 crop years--'' and inserting ``determines 
            that--
        ``(1) for any of the 2014 through 2018 crop years--'';
            (C) in paragraph (1)(B) (as so redesignated), by striking 
        the period at the end and inserting ``; or''; and
            (D) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(2) for any of the 2019 through 2023 crop years--
            ``(A) the effective price for the covered commodity for the 
        crop year; is less than
            ``(B) the effective reference price for the covered 
        commodity for the crop year.'';
        (2) in subsection (c)--
            (A) by redesignating paragraphs (1) and (2) as clauses (i) 
        and (ii), respectively, and indenting appropriately;
            (B) in the matter preceding clause (i) (as so 
        redesignated), by striking ``The payment rate'' and inserting 
        the following:
        ``(1) In general.--
            ``(A) 2014 through 2018 crop years.--For the 2014 through 
        2018 crop years, the payment rate'';
            (C) in paragraph (1) (as so designated), by adding at the 
        end the following:
            ``(B) 2019 through 2023 crop years.--For the 2019 through 
        2023 crop years, the payment rate shall be equal to the 
        difference between--
                ``(i) the effective reference price for the covered 
            commodity; and
                ``(ii) the effective price determined under subsection 
            (b) for the covered commodity.''; and
            (D) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(2) Announcement.--Not later than 30 days after the end of 
    each applicable 12-month marketing year for each covered commodity, 
    the Secretary shall publish the payment rate determined under 
    paragraph (1).
        ``(3) Insufficient data.--In the case of a covered commodity, 
    such as temperate japonica rice, for which the Secretary cannot 
    determine the payment rate for the most recent 12-month marketing 
    year by the date described in paragraph (2) due to insufficient 
    reporting of timely pricing data by 1 or more nongovernmental 
    entities, including a marketing cooperative for the covered 
    commodity, the Secretary shall publish the payment rate as soon as 
    practicable after the marketing year data are made available.''; 
    and
        (3) by striking subsection (g) and inserting the following:
    ``(g) Reference Price for Temperate Japonica Rice.--In order to 
reflect price premiums, the Secretary shall provide a reference price 
with respect to temperate japonica rice in an amount equal to the 
amount established under subparagraph (F) of section 1111(19), as 
adjusted by paragraph (8) of such section, multiplied by the ratio 
obtained by dividing--
        ``(1) the simple average of the marketing year average price of 
    medium grain rice from the 2012 through 2016 crop years; by
        ``(2) the simple average of the marketing year average price of 
    all rice from the 2012 through 2016 crop years.''.
SEC. 1107. AGRICULTURE RISK COVERAGE.
    Section 1117 of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9017) is 
amended--
        (1) in subsection (a), in the matter preceding paragraph (1)--
            (A) by inserting ``(beginning with the 2019 crop year, 
        based on the physical location of the farm)'' after 
        ``payments''; and
            (B) by inserting ``or the 2019 through 2023 crop years, as 
        applicable'' after ``2014 through 2018 crop years'';
        (2) in subsection (c)--
            (A) in paragraph (2)--
                (i) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``paragraph (4)'' 
            and inserting ``paragraphs (4) and (5)''; and
                (ii) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``(5)'' and 
            inserting ``(6)'';
            (B) in paragraph (3)--
                (i) in subparagraph (A)(ii), by striking ``(5)'' and 
            inserting ``(6)''; and
                (ii) in subparagraph (C), by striking ``2018'' and 
            inserting ``2023'';
            (C) in paragraph (4)--
                (i) by striking ``If'' and inserting the following:
            ``(A) 2014 through 2018 crop years.--Effective for the 2014 
        through 2018 crop years, if''; and
                (ii) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(B) 2019 through 2023 crop years.--Effective for the 2019 
        through 2023 crop years, if the yield per planted acre for the 
        covered commodity or historical county yield per planted acre 
        for the covered commodity for any of the 5 most recent crop 
        years, as determined by the Secretary, is less than 80 percent 
        of the transitional yield, as determined by the Secretary, the 
        amounts used for any of those years in paragraph (2)(A) or 
        (3)(A)(i) shall be 80 percent of the transitional yield.'';
            (D) by redesignating paragraph (5) as paragraph (6);
            (E) by inserting after paragraph (4) the following:
        ``(5) Trend-adjusted yield.--The Secretary shall calculate and 
    use a trend-adjusted yield factor to adjust the yield determined 
    under paragraph (2)(A) and subsection (b)(1)(A), taking into 
    consideration, but not exceeding, the trend-adjusted yield factor 
    that is used to increase yield history under the endorsement under 
    the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 1501 et seq.) for that 
    crop and county.''; and
            (F) in paragraph (6) (as so redesignated)--
                (i) by striking ``Reference price.--If the national 
            average market price'' and inserting the following: ``Low 
            national average market price.--
            ``(A) Reference price.--For the 2014 through 2018 crop 
        years, if the national average market price''; and
                (ii) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(B) Effective reference price.--For the 2019 through 2023 
        crop years, if the national average market price received by 
        producers during the 12-month marketing year for any of the 5 
        most recent crop years is lower than the effective reference 
        price for the covered commodity, the Secretary shall use the 
        effective reference price for any of those years for the 
        amounts in paragraph (2)(B) or (3)(A)(ii).'';
        (3) in subsection (d)--
            (A) in paragraph (1), by redesignating subparagraphs (A) 
        and (B) as clauses (i) and (ii), respectively, and indenting 
        appropriately;
            (B) by redesignating paragraphs (1) and (2) as 
        subparagraphs (A) and (B), respectively, and indenting 
        appropriately;
            (C) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A) (as so 
        redesignated), by striking ``The payment'' and inserting the 
        following:
        ``(1) In general.--The payment''; and
            (D) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(2) Announcement.--Not later than 30 days after the end of 
    each applicable 12-month marketing year for each covered commodity, 
    the Secretary shall publish the payment rate determined under 
    paragraph (1) for each county.'';
        (4) in subsection (e), in the matter preceding paragraph (1), 
    by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023'';
        (5) in subsection (g)--
            (A) in paragraph (2), by striking ``to the maximum extent 
        practicable,'';
            (B) in paragraph (3), by striking ``and'' after the 
        semicolon at the end;
            (C) in paragraph (4)--
                (i) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by 
            inserting ``effective for the 2014 through 2018 crop 
            years,'' before ``in the case of''; and
                (ii) in subparagraph (B), by striking the period at the 
            end and inserting ``; and''; and
            (D) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(5) effective for the 2019 through 2023 crop years, in the 
    case of county coverage, assign an actual or benchmark county yield 
    for each planted acre for the crop year for the covered commodity--
            ``(A) for a county for which county data collected by the 
        Risk Management Agency are sufficient for the Secretary to 
        offer a county-wide insurance product, using the actual average 
        county yield determined by the Risk Management Agency; or
            ``(B) for a county not described in subparagraph (A), 
        using--
                ``(i) other sources of yield information, as determined 
            by the Secretary; or
                ``(ii) the yield history of representative farms in the 
            State, region, or crop reporting district, as determined by 
            the Secretary.''; and
        (6) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(h) Publications.--
        ``(1) County guarantee.--
            ``(A) In general.--For each crop year for a covered 
        commodity, the Secretary shall publish information describing, 
        for that crop year for the covered commodity in each county--
                ``(i) the agriculture risk coverage guarantee for 
            county coverage determined under subsection (c)(1);
                ``(ii) the average historical county yield determined 
            under subsection (c)(2)(A); and
                ``(iii) the national average market price determined 
            under subsection (c)(2)(B).
            ``(B) Timing.--
                ``(i) In general.--Except as provided in clauses (ii) 
            and (iii), not later than 30 days after the end of each 
            applicable 12-month marketing year, the Secretary shall 
            publish the information described in subparagraph (A).
                ``(ii) Insufficient data.--In the case of a covered 
            commodity, such as temperate japonica rice, for which the 
            Secretary cannot determine the national average market 
            price for the most recent 12-month marketing year by the 
            date described in clause (i) due to insufficient reporting 
            of timely pricing data by 1 or more nongovernmental 
            entities, including a marketing cooperative for the covered 
            commodity, as soon as practicable after the pricing data 
            are made available, the Secretary shall publish information 
            describing--

                    ``(I) the agriculture risk coverage guarantee under 
                subparagraph (A)(i); and
                    ``(II) the national average market price under 
                subparagraph (A)(iii).

                ``(iii) Transition.--Not later than 60 days after the 
            date of enactment of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 
            2018, the Secretary shall publish the information described 
            in clauses (i) and (ii) of subparagraph (A) for the 2018 
            crop year.
        ``(2) Actual average county yield.--As soon as practicable 
    after each crop year, the Secretary shall determine and publish 
    each actual average county yield for each covered commodity, as 
    determined under subsection (b)(1)(A).
        ``(3) Data sources for county yields.--For the 2018 crop year 
    and each crop year thereafter, the Secretary shall make publicly 
    available information describing, for the most recent crop year--
            ``(A) the sources of data used to calculate county yields 
        under subsection (c)(2)(A) for each covered commodity--
                ``(i) by county; and
                ``(ii) nationally; and
            ``(B) the number and outcome of occurrences in which the 
        Farm Service Agency reviewed, changed, or determined not to 
        change a source of data used to calculate county yields under 
        subsection (c)(2)(A).
    ``(i) Administrative Units.--
        ``(1) In general.--For purposes of agriculture risk coverage 
    payments in the case of county coverage, a county may be divided 
    into not greater than 2 administrative units in accordance with 
    this subsection.
        ``(2) Eligible counties.--A county that may be divided into 
    administrative units under this subsection is a county that--
            ``(A) is larger than 1,400 square miles; and
            ``(B) contains more than 190,000 base acres.
        ``(3) Elections.--Before making any agriculture risk coverage 
    payments for the 2019 crop year, the Farm Service Agency State 
    committee, in consultation with the Farm Service Agency county or 
    area committee of a county described in paragraph (2), may make a 
    1-time election to divide the county into administrative units 
    under this subsection along a boundary that better reflects 
    differences in weather patterns, soil types, or other factors.
        ``(4) Limitation.--The Secretary shall--
            ``(A) limit the number of counties that may be divided into 
        administrative units under paragraph (3) to 25 counties; and
            ``(B) give preference to the division of counties that have 
        greater variation in climate, soils, and expected productivity 
        between the proposed administrative units.
        ``(5) Administration.--For purposes of providing agriculture 
    risk coverage payments in the case of county coverage, the 
    Secretary shall consider an administrative unit elected under 
    paragraph (3) to be a county for the 2019 through 2023 crop 
    years.''.
SEC. 1108. REPEAL OF TRANSITION ASSISTANCE FOR PRODUCERS OF UPLAND 
COTTON.
    Section 1119 of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9019) is 
repealed.

                      Subtitle B--Marketing Loans

SEC. 1201. EXTENSIONS.
    (a) In General.--Section 1201(b)(1) of the Agricultural Act of 2014 
(7 U.S.C. 9031(b)(1)) is amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
``2023''.
    (b) Repayment.--Section 1204 of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 
U.S.C. 9034) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (e)(2)(B), in the matter preceding clause 
    (i), by striking ``2019''and inserting ``2024''; and
        (2) in subsection (g), by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
    ``2023''.
    (c) Loan Deficiency Payments.--
        (1) Extension.--Section 1205(a)(2)(B) of the Agricultural Act 
    of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9035(a)(2)(B)) is amended by striking ``2018'' 
    and inserting ``2023''.
        (2) Payments in lieu of ldps.--Section 1206 of the Agricultural 
    Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9036) is amended in subsections (a) and (d) 
    by striking ``2018'' each place it appears and inserting ``2023''.
SEC. 1202. LOAN RATES FOR NONRECOURSE MARKETING ASSISTANCE LOANS.
    (a) In General.--Section 1202 of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 
U.S.C. 9032) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (a), by striking the subsection heading and 
    inserting ``2014 through 2018 crop years'';
        (2) by redesignating subsections (b) and (c) as subsections (c) 
    and (d), respectively;
        (3) by inserting after subsection (a) the following:
    ``(b) 2019 Through 2023 Crop Years.--For purposes of each of the 
2019 through 2023 crop years, the loan rate for a marketing assistance 
loan under section 1201 for a loan commodity shall be equal to the 
following:
        ``(1) In the case of wheat, $3.38 per bushel.
        ``(2) In the case of corn, $2.20 per bushel.
        ``(3) In the case of grain sorghum, $2.20 per bushel.
        ``(4) In the case of barley, $2.50 per bushel.
        ``(5) In the case of oats, $2.00 per bushel.
        ``(6)(A) Subject to subparagraphs (B) and (C), in the case of 
    base quality of upland cotton, the simple average of the adjusted 
    prevailing world price for the 2 immediately preceding marketing 
    years, as determined by the Secretary and announced October 1 
    preceding the next domestic planting.
        ``(B) Except as provided in subparagraph (C), the loan rate 
    determined under subparagraph (A) may not equal less than an amount 
    equal to 98 percent of the loan rate for base quality of upland 
    cotton for the preceding year.
        ``(C) The loan rate determined under subparagraph (A) may not 
    be equal to an amount--
            ``(i) less than $0.45 per pound; or
            ``(ii) more than $0.52 per pound.
        ``(7) In the case of extra long staple cotton, $0.95 per pound.
        ``(8) In the case of long grain rice, $7.00 per hundredweight.
        ``(9) In the case of medium grain rice, $7.00 per 
    hundredweight.
        ``(10) In the case of soybeans, $6.20 per bushel.
        ``(11) In the case of other oilseeds, $10.09 per hundredweight 
    for each of the following kinds of oilseeds:
            ``(A) Sunflower seed.
            ``(B) Rapeseed.
            ``(C) Canola.
            ``(D) Safflower.
            ``(E) Flaxseed.
            ``(F) Mustard seed.
            ``(G) Crambe.
            ``(H) Sesame seed.
            ``(I) Other oilseeds designated by the Secretary.
        ``(12) In the case of dry peas, $6.15 per hundredweight.
        ``(13) In the case of lentils, $13.00 per hundredweight.
        ``(14) In the case of small chickpeas, $10.00 per 
    hundredweight.
        ``(15) In the case of large chickpeas, $14.00 per 
    hundredweight.
        ``(16) In the case of graded wool, $1.15 per pound.
        ``(17) In the case of nongraded wool, $0.40 per pound.
        ``(18) In the case of mohair, $4.20 per pound.
        ``(19) In the case of honey, $0.69 per pound.
        ``(20) In the case of peanuts, $355 per ton.''; and
        (4) in subsection (c) (as so redesignated), by striking 
    ``subsection (a)(11)'' and inserting ``subsections (a)(11) and 
    (b)(11)''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--Section 1204(h)(1) of the Agricultural 
Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9034(h)(1)) is amended by striking ``section 
1202(a)(20)'' and inserting ``subsection (a)(20) or (b)(20), as 
applicable, of section 1202''.
SEC. 1203. ECONOMIC ADJUSTMENT ASSISTANCE FOR TEXTILE MILLS.
    (a) 2008 Authority.--Section 1207 of the Food, Conservation, and 
Energy Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 8737) is amended by striking subsection 
(c).
    (b) 2014 Authority.--Section 1207(c) of the Agricultural Act of 
2014 (7 U.S.C. 9037(c)) is amended by striking the subsection heading 
and inserting ``Economic Adjustment Assistance for Textile Mills''.
SEC. 1204. SPECIAL COMPETITIVE PROVISIONS FOR EXTRA LONG STAPLE COTTON.
    (a) In General.--Section 1208(a) of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 
U.S.C. 9038(a)) is amended in the matter preceding paragraph (1) by 
striking ``2019'' and inserting ``2024''.
    (b) Payments Under Program; Trigger.--Section 1208(b)(2) of the 
Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9038(b)(2)) is amended by striking 
``134 percent'' and inserting ``113 percent''.
SEC. 1205. AVAILABILITY OF RECOURSE LOANS.
    (a) In General.--Section 1209 of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 
U.S.C. 9039) is amended in subsections (a)(2) and (b) by striking 
``2018'' each place it appears and inserting ``2023''.
    (b) Recourse Loans Available for Contaminated Commodities.--Section 
1209 of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9039) is amended--
        (1) by redesignating subsection (c) as subsection (d); and
        (2) by inserting after subsection (b) the following:
    ``(c) Recourse Loans Available for Contaminated Commodities.--In 
the case of a loan commodity that is ineligible for 100 percent of the 
nonrecourse marketing loan rate in the county due to a determination 
that the commodity is contaminated yet still merchantable, for each of 
the 2019 through 2023 crops of such loan commodity, the Secretary shall 
make available recourse commodity loans, at the rate provided under 
section 1202, on any production.''.

                           Subtitle C--Sugar

SEC. 1301. SUGAR POLICY.
    (a) Sugar Program.--
        (1) Sugarcane.--Section 156(a) of the Federal Agriculture 
    Improvement and Reform Act of 1996 (7 U.S.C. 7272(a)) is amended--
            (A) in paragraph (3), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (B) in paragraph (4), by striking the period at the end and 
        inserting ``; and''; and
            (C) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(5) 19.75 cents per pound for raw cane sugar for each of the 
    2019 through 2023 crop years.''.
        (2) Sugar beets.--Section 156(b)(2) of the Federal Agriculture 
    Improvement and Reform Act of 1996 (7 U.S.C. 7272(b)(2)) is amended 
    by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.
        (3) Effective period.--Section 156(i) of the Federal 
    Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act of 1996 (7 U.S.C. 7272(i)) 
    is amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.
    (b) Flexible Marketing Allotments for Sugar.--
        (1) Sugar estimates.--Section 359b(a)(1) of the Agricultural 
    Adjustment Act of 1938 (7 U.S.C. 1359bb(a)(1)) is amended by 
    striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.
        (2) Effective period.--Section 359l(a) of the Agricultural 
    Adjustment Act of 1938 (7 U.S.C. 1359ll(a)) is amended by striking 
    ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.

  Subtitle D--Dairy Margin Coverage and Other Dairy Related Provisions

SEC. 1401. DAIRY MARGIN COVERAGE.
    (a) Review of Data Used in Calculation of Average Feed Cost.--Not 
later than 60 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the 
Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Agriculture of the House of 
Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and 
Forestry of the Senate a report evaluating the extent to which the 
average cost of feed used by a dairy operation to produce a 
hundredweight of milk calculated by the Secretary as required by 
section 1402(a) of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9052(a)) is 
representative of actual dairy feed costs.
    (b) Corn Silage Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee 
on Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the Committee on 
Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report detailing 
the costs incurred by dairy operations in the use of corn silage as 
feed, and the difference between the feed cost of corn silage and the 
feed cost of corn.
    (c) Collection of Alfalfa Hay Data.--Not later than 120 days after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary, acting through 
the National Agricultural Statistics Service, shall revise monthly 
price survey reports to include prices for high-quality alfalfa hay in 
the top five milk producing States, as measured by volume of milk 
produced during the previous month.
    (d) Registration of Multiproducer Dairy Operations.--Section 
1404(b) of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9054(b)) is amended--
        (1) by redesignating paragraph (4) as paragraph (5); and
        (2) by striking paragraph (3) and inserting the following:
        ``(3) Election period for 2019 calendar year.--For the 2019 
    calendar year, the Secretary shall--
            ``(A) open the election period not later than 60 days after 
        the effective date described in section 1401(m) of the 
        Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018; and
            ``(B) hold that election period open for not less than 90 
        days.
        ``(4) Treatment of multiproducer dairy operation.--
            ``(A) In general.--If a participating dairy operation is 
        operated by more than 1 dairy producer, the dairy producers of 
        the dairy operation who elect to participate shall be treated 
        as a single dairy operation for purposes of participating in 
        dairy margin coverage.
            ``(B) Rule of construction.--Subparagraph (A) shall not be 
        construed to allow a producer to adjust the proportion of their 
        share covered under tier I or tier II premiums from the 
        proportion covered for the operation.''.
    (e) Relation to Livestock Gross Margin for Dairy Program.--
        (1) In general.--Section 1404 of the Agricultural Act of 2014 
    (7 U.S.C. 9054) is amended by striking subsection (d).
        (2) Retroactive program option.--Section 1404(b)(2) of the 
    Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9054(b)(2)) is amended--
            (A) by striking ``The Secretary'' and inserting the 
        following:
            ``(A) In general.--The Secretary''; and
            (B) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(B) Retroactive program option.--In the case of a dairy 
        operation that, by operation of subsection (d) (as in effect on 
        the day before the date of enactment of the Agriculture 
        Improvement Act of 2018), was ineligible to participate in the 
        margin protection program for any part of calendar year 2018, 
        the Secretary shall establish a new election period for that 
        calendar year that ends on a date that is not less than 90 days 
        after the date of enactment of the Agriculture Improvement Act 
        of 2018 and the Secretary determines is necessary for dairy 
        operations to make new elections to participate in the margin 
        protection program (as in effect on the day before the date of 
        enactment of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018) for that 
        calendar year, including dairy operations that elected to 
        participate in the livestock gross margin for dairy program 
        under the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 1501 et seq.) 
        before the date of enactment of the Bipartisan Budget Act of 
        2018 (Public Law 115-123).''.
    (f) Production History of Participating Dairy Operators.--
        (1) Adjustment.--Section 1405 of the Agricultural Act of 2014 
    (7 U.S.C. 9055) is amended--
            (A) in subsection (a)--
                (i) in paragraph (2), by striking ``In subsequent 
            years'' and inserting ``In the subsequent calendar years 
            ending before January 1, 2019''; and
                (ii) in paragraph (3), by inserting ``, as applicable'' 
            after ``paragraph (2)''; and
            (B) in subsection (b)--
                (i) by redesignating paragraphs (1) and (2) as 
            subparagraphs (A) and (B), respectively, and indenting 
            appropriately;
                (ii) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A) (as so 
            redesignated), by striking ``In the case'' and inserting 
            the following:
        ``(1) Dairy operations with less than 1 year of production 
    history.--In the case''; and
                (iii) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(2) Dairy operations with 1 year or more of production 
    history.--In the case of a participating dairy operation that was 
    not in operation prior to January 1, 2014, that has not established 
    a production history, and that has been in operation for equal to 
    or longer than 1 year, the participating dairy operation shall 
    elect the annual milk marketings during any 1 calendar year to 
    determine the production history of the participating dairy 
    operation.
        ``(3) Adjustment.--The Secretary shall adjust the production 
    history of a participating dairy operation determined under 
    paragraph (1) or (2) to reflect any increase or decrease in the 
    national average milk production relative to calendar year 2017.''.
        (2) Limitation on changes to business structure.--Section 1405 
    of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9055) is amended by 
    adding at the end the following new subsection:
    ``(d) Limitation on Changes to Business Structure.--The Secretary 
may not make dairy margin coverage payments to a participating dairy 
operation if the Secretary determines that the participating dairy 
operation has reorganized the structure of such operation solely for 
the purpose of qualifying as a new operation under subsection (b).''.
    (g) Coverage Level Threshold and Coverage Percentage.--Section 1406 
of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9056) is amended by striking 
subsection (a) and inserting the following:
    ``(a) Coverage Level Threshold and Coverage Percentage.--
        ``(1) Coverage level threshold.--
            ``(A) In general.--For purposes of receiving dairy margin 
        coverage payments for a month, a participating dairy operation 
        shall annually elect a coverage level threshold that is equal 
        to $4.00, $4.50, $5.00, $5.50, $6.00, $6.50, $7.00, $7.50, 
        $8.00, $8.50, $9.00, or $9.50.
            ``(B) Applicability.--Except as provided in subparagraph 
        (C), the coverage level threshold elected under subparagraph 
        (A) shall apply to the covered production elected by the 
        participating dairy operation under paragraph (2).
            ``(C) Second coverage election for tier ii.--In the case of 
        a participating dairy operation that elects a coverage level 
        threshold of $8.50, $9.00, or $9.50 under subparagraph (A)--
                ``(i) that coverage level threshold shall apply to the 
            first 5,000,000 pounds of milk marketings included in the 
            covered production elected by the participating dairy 
            operation; and
                ``(ii) the participating dairy operation shall elect a 
            coverage level threshold that is equal to $4.00, $4.50, 
            $5.00, $5.50, $6.00, $6.50, $7.00, $7.50, or $8.00 to apply 
            to milk marketings in excess of 5,000,000 pounds included 
            in the covered production elected by the participating 
            dairy operation.
        ``(2) Coverage percentage.--For purposes of receiving dairy 
    margin coverage payments for a month, a participating dairy 
    operation shall annually elect a percentage of coverage, in 5-
    percent increments, not exceeding 95 percent of the production 
    history of the participating dairy operation.''.
    (h) Producer Premiums.--Section 1407 of the Agricultural Act of 
2014 (7 U.S.C. 9057) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (b), by striking paragraphs (2) and (3) and 
    inserting the following:
        ``(2) Producer premiums.--Except as provided in subsection (g), 
    the following annual premiums apply:


----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                    ``Coverage Level                                         Premium per Cwt.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$4.00                                                    None
$4.50                                                    $0.0025
$5.00                                                    $0.005
$5.50                                                    $0.030
$6.00                                                    $0.050
$6.50                                                    $0.070
$7.00                                                    $0.080
$7.50                                                    $0.090
$8.00                                                    $0.100
$8.50                                                    $0.105
$9.00                                                    $0.110
$9.50                                                    $0.150''; and
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


    ''; and    (2) in subsection (c), by striking paragraph (2) and 
    inserting the following:
        ``(2) Producer premiums.--Except as provided in subsection (g), 
    the following annual premiums apply:


----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                    ``Coverage Level                                         Premium per Cwt.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$4.00                                                    None
$4.50                                                    $0.0025
$5.00                                                    $0.005
$5.50                                                    $0.100
$6.00                                                    $0.310
$6.50                                                    $0.650
$7.00                                                    $1.107
$7.50                                                    $1.413
$8.00                                                    $1.813''.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


''.    (i) Repayment of Premiums.--Section 1407 of the Agricultural Act 
of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9057) is amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(f) Repayment of Premiums.--
        ``(1) In general.--Each dairy operation described in paragraph 
    (2) shall be eligible to receive a repayment from the Secretary in 
    an amount equal to the difference between--
            ``(A) the total amount of premiums paid by the 
        participating dairy operation under this section for each 
        applicable calendar year; and
            ``(B) the total amount of payments made to the 
        participating dairy operation under section 1406 for that 
        calendar year.
        ``(2) Eligibility.--A dairy operation that is eligible to 
    receive a repayment under paragraph (1) is a dairy operation that--
            ``(A) participated in the margin protection program, as in 
        effect for any of calendar years 2014 through 2017; and
            ``(B) submits to the Secretary an application for the 
        repayment at such time, in such manner, and containing such 
        information as the Secretary may require.
        ``(3) Method of repayment.--A dairy operation that is eligible 
    to receive a repayment under paragraph (1) shall elect to receive 
    the repayment--
            ``(A) in an amount equal to 75 percent of the repayment 
        calculated under that paragraph as credit that may be used by 
        the dairy operation for dairy margin coverage premiums; or
            ``(B) in an amount equal to 50 percent of the repayment 
        calculated under that paragraph as a direct cash repayment.
        ``(4) Applicability.--Paragraph (1) shall only apply to a 
    calendar year during the period of calendar years 2014 through 2017 
    for which the amount described in subparagraph (A) of that 
    paragraph is greater than the amount described in subparagraph (B) 
    of that paragraph.''.
    (j) Premium Discount.--Section 1407 of the Agricultural Act of 2014 
(7 U.S.C. 9057) (as amended by subsection (i)) is amended by adding at 
the end the following:
    ``(g) Premium Discount.--The premium per hundredweight specified in 
the tables contained in subsections (b) and (c) for each coverage level 
shall be reduced by 25 percent in accordance with the following:
        ``(1) In general.--For each of calendar years 2019 through 
    2023, for a participating dairy operation that makes a 1-time 
    election of coverage level in a tier and of a percentage of 
    coverage under section 1406(a) for the 5-year period beginning in 
    January 2019.
        ``(2) New dairy operations.--For each applicable calendar year 
    through 2023, for a participating dairy operation that--
            ``(A) establishes a production history pursuant to section 
        1405(b); and
            ``(B) makes a 1-time election of coverage level in a tier 
        and of a percentage of coverage under section 1406(a) for the 
        period beginning with the first available calendar year and 
        ending in December 2023.
        ``(3) Full participation required.--Notwithstanding the annual 
    elections under section 1406(a)--
            ``(A) a 1-time enrollment under this subsection shall 
        remain in effect for the full duration applicable to a 
        participating dairy operation in accordance with paragraph (1) 
        or (2)(B), as applicable; and
            ``(B) a participating dairy operation that makes a 1-time 
        enrollment under this subsection and is noncompliant under 
        section 1408 shall be subject to that section.''.
    (k) Conforming Amendments Related to Program Name.--
        (1) Heading.--The heading of part I of subtitle D of title I of 
    the Agricultural Act of 2014 (Public Law 113-79; 128 Stat. 688) is 
    amended to read as follows:

                   ``PART I--DAIRY MARGIN COVERAGE''.

        (2) Definitions.--Section 1401 of the Agricultural Act of 2014 
    (7 U.S.C. 9051) is amended--
            (A) by striking paragraphs (5) and (6) and inserting the 
        following new paragraphs:
        ``(5) Dairy margin coverage.--The term `dairy margin coverage' 
    means the dairy margin coverage program required by section 1403.
        ``(6) Dairy margin coverage payment.--The term `dairy margin 
    coverage payment' means a payment made to a participating dairy 
    operation under dairy margin coverage pursuant to section 1406.''; 
    and
            (B) in paragraphs (7) and (8), by striking ``the margin 
        protection program'' both places it appears and inserting 
        ``dairy margin coverage''.
        (3) Calculation of actual dairy production margin.--Section 
    1402(b)(1) of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9052(b)(1)) is 
    amended in the matter preceding subparagraph (A) by striking ``the 
    margin protection program'' and inserting ``dairy margin 
    coverage''.
        (4) Program operation.--Section 1403 of the Agricultural Act of 
    2014 (7 U.S.C. 9053) is amended--
            (A) by striking the section heading and inserting ``dairy 
        margin coverage'';
            (B) by striking ``Not later than September 1, 2014, the 
        Secretary shall establish and administer a margin protection 
        program'' and inserting the following:
    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary shall continue to administer a 
dairy margin coverage program'';
            (C) in subsection (a) (as so designated), by striking 
        ``margin protection payment'' both places it appears and 
        inserting ``dairy margin coverage payment''; and
            (D) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(b) Regulations.--Subpart A of part 1430 of title 7, Code of 
Federal Regulations (as in effect on the date of enactment of the 
Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018), shall remain in effect for dairy 
margin coverage beginning with the 2019 calendar year, except to the 
extent that the regulations are inconsistent with any provision of this 
Act.''.
        (5) Participation.--Section 1404 of the Agricultural Act of 
    2014 (7 U.S.C. 9054) is amended--
            (A) in the section heading, by striking ``margin protection 
        program'' and inserting ``dairy margin coverage'';
            (B) in subsection (a), by striking ``the margin protection 
        program to receive margin protection payments'' and inserting 
        ``dairy margin coverage to receive dairy margin coverage 
        payments''; and
            (C) in subsections (b) and (c), by striking ``the margin 
        protection program'' each place it appears and inserting 
        ``dairy margin coverage''.
        (6) Production history.--Section 1405 of the Agricultural Act 
    of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9055) is amended in subsections (a)(1) and (c) by 
    striking ``the margin protection program'' each place it appears 
    and inserting ``dairy margin coverage''.
        (7) Payments.--Section 1406 of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 
    U.S.C. 9056) is amended--
            (A) in the section heading, by striking ``margin 
        protection'' and inserting ``dairy margin coverage'';
            (B) by striking ``margin protection'' each place it appears 
        and inserting ``dairy margin coverage''; and
            (C) in the heading of subsection (c), by striking ``Margin 
        Protection''.
        (8) Premiums.--Section 1407 of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 
    U.S.C. 9057) is amended--
            (A) in the section heading, by striking ``margin protection 
        program'' and inserting ``dairy margin coverage'';
            (B) in subsection (a), in the matter preceding paragraph 
        (1), by striking ``the margin protection program'' and 
        inserting ``dairy margin coverage'';
            (C) in subsection (d), by striking ``program'' and 
        inserting ``dairy margin coverage''; and
            (D) in subsection (e)--
                (i) by striking ``the margin protection program'' both 
            places it appears and inserting ``dairy margin coverage''; 
            and
                (ii) in paragraph (2), by striking ``integrity of the 
            program'' and inserting ``integrity of dairy margin 
            coverage''.
        (9) Failure to pay administrative fees or premiums.--Section 
    1408 of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9058) is amended--
            (A) in subsection (a)(2), by striking ``margin protection'' 
        and inserting ``dairy margin coverage''; and
            (B) in subsection (b), by striking ``the margin protection 
        program'' and inserting ``dairy margin coverage''.
        (10) Administration and enforcement.--Section 1410 of the 
    Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9060) is amended--
            (A) in subsections (a) and (c), by striking ``the margin 
        protection program'' each place it appears and inserting 
        ``dairy margin coverage''; and
            (B) in subsection (b), by striking ``margin protection'' 
        and inserting ``dairy margin coverage''.
    (l) Duration.--Section 1409 of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 
U.S.C. 9059) is amended--
        (1) by striking ``The margin protection program'' and inserting 
    ``Dairy margin coverage''; and
        (2) by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.
    (m) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall take 
effect on January 1, 2019.
SEC. 1402. REAUTHORIZATIONS.
    (a) Forward Pricing.--Section 1502(e) of the Food, Conservation, 
and Energy Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 8772(e)) is amended--
        (1) in paragraph (1), by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
    ``2023''; and
        (2) in paragraph (2), by striking ``2021'' and inserting 
    ``2026''.
    (b) Indemnity Program.--Section 3 of Public Law 90-484 (7 U.S.C. 
4553) is amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.
    (c) Promotion and Research.--Section 113(e)(2) of the Dairy 
Production Stabilization Act of 1983 (7 U.S.C. 4504(e)(2)) is amended 
by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.
SEC. 1403. CLASS I SKIM MILK PRICE.
    (a) Class I Skim Milk Price.--Section 8c(5)(A) of the Agricultural 
Adjustment Act (7 U.S.C. 608c(5)(A)), reenacted with amendments by the 
Agricultural Marketing Agreement Act of 1937, is amended by striking 
``Throughout'' in the third sentence and all that follows through the 
period at the end of the fourth sentence and inserting ``Throughout the 
2-year period beginning on the effective date of this sentence (and 
subsequent to such 2-year period unless modified by amendment to the 
order involved), for purposes of determining prices for milk of the 
highest use classification, the Class I skim milk price per 
hundredweight specified in section 1000.50(b) of title 7, Code of 
Federal Regulations (or successor regulations), shall be the sum of the 
adjusted Class I differential specified in section 1000.52 of such 
title 7 (or successor regulations), plus the adjustment to Class I 
prices specified in sections 1005.51(b), 1006.51(b), and 1007.51(b) of 
such title 7 (or successor regulations), plus the simple average of the 
advanced pricing factors computed in sections 1000.50(q)(1) and 
1000.50(q)(2) of such title 7 (or successor regulations), plus 
$0.74.''.
    (b) Effective Date and Implementation.--
        (1) Effective date.--The amendment made by subsection (a) shall 
    take effect on the first day of the first month beginning more than 
    120 days after the date of enactment of this Act.
        (2) Implementation.--Implementation of the amendment made by 
    subsection (a) shall not be subject to any of the following:
            (A) The notice and comment provisions of section 553 of 
        title 5, United States Code.
            (B) The notice and hearing requirements of section 8c(3) of 
        the Agricultural Adjustment Act (7 U.S.C. 608c(3)), reenacted 
        with amendments by the Agricultural Marketing Agreement Act of 
        1937.
            (C) The order amendment requirements of section 8c(17) of 
        that Act (7 U.S.C. 608c(17)).
            (D) A referendum under section 8c(19) of that Act (7 U.S.C. 
        608c(19)).
SEC. 1404. DAIRY PRODUCT DONATION.
    (a) Repeal of Dairy Product Donation Program.--Section 1431 of the 
Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9071) is repealed.
    (b) Milk Donation Program.--
        (1) In general.--Part III of subtitle D of title I of the 
    Agricultural Act of 2014 (Public Law 113-79; 128 Stat. 695) is 
    amended to read as follows:

                   ``PART III--MILK DONATION PROGRAM

``SEC. 1431. MILK DONATION PROGRAM.
    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
        ``(1) Eligible dairy organization.--The term `eligible dairy 
    organization' means a dairy farmer (either individually or as part 
    of a cooperative), or a dairy processor, who--
            ``(A) accounts to a Federal milk marketing order marketwide 
        pool; and
            ``(B) incurs qualified expenses under subsection (e).
        ``(2) Eligible distributor.--The term `eligible distributor' 
    means a public or private nonprofit organization that distributes 
    donated eligible milk.
        ``(3) Eligible milk.--The term `eligible milk' means Class I 
    fluid milk products produced and processed in the United States.
        ``(4) Eligible partnership.--The term `eligible partnership' 
    means a partnership between an eligible dairy organization and an 
    eligible distributor.
        ``(5) Participating partnership.--The term `participating 
    partnership' means an eligible partnership for which the Secretary 
    has approved a donation and distribution plan for eligible milk 
    under subsection (c)(2).
    ``(b) Program Required; Purposes.--Not later than 180 days after 
the date of enactment of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018, the 
Secretary shall establish and administer a milk donation program for 
the purposes of--
        ``(1) encouraging the donation of eligible milk;
        ``(2) providing nutrition assistance to individuals in low-
    income groups; and
        ``(3) reducing food waste.
    ``(c) Donation and Distribution Plans.--
        ``(1) In general.--To be eligible to receive reimbursement 
    under subsection (d), an eligible partnership shall submit to the 
    Secretary a donation and distribution plan that--
            ``(A) describes the process that the eligible partnership 
        will use for the donation, processing, transportation, 
        temporary storage, and distribution of eligible milk;
            ``(B) includes an estimate of the quantity of eligible milk 
        that the eligible partnership will donate each year, based on--
                ``(i) preplanned donations; and
                ``(ii) contingency plans to address unanticipated 
            donations; and
            ``(C) describes the rate at which the eligible partnership 
        will be reimbursed, which shall be based on a percentage of the 
        limitation described in subsection (e)(2), not to exceed 100 
        percent.
        ``(2) Review and approval.--Not less frequently than annually, 
    the Secretary shall--
            ``(A) review donation and distribution plans submitted 
        under paragraph (1); and
            ``(B) determine whether to approve or disapprove each of 
        those donation and distribution plans.
    ``(d) Reimbursement.--
        ``(1) In general.--On receipt of appropriate documentation 
    under paragraph (2), the Secretary shall reimburse an eligible 
    dairy organization that is a member of a participating partnership 
    on a regular basis for qualified expenses described in subsection 
    (e).
        ``(2) Documentation.--
            ``(A) In general.--An eligible dairy organization shall 
        submit to the Secretary such documentation as the Secretary may 
        require to demonstrate the qualified expenses described in 
        subsection (e) of the eligible dairy organization.
            ``(B) Verification.--The Secretary may verify the accuracy 
        of documentation submitted under subparagraph (A) by spot 
        checks and audits.
        ``(3) Retroactive reimbursement.--In providing reimbursements 
    under paragraph (1), the Secretary may provide reimbursements for 
    qualified expenses incurred before the date on which the donation 
    and distribution plan for the applicable participating partnership 
    was approved by the Secretary.
    ``(e) Qualified Expenses.--
        ``(1) In general.--The amount of a reimbursement under 
    subsection (d) shall be an amount equal to the product of--
            ``(A) the quantity of eligible milk donated by the eligible 
        dairy organization under a donation and distribution plan 
        approved by the Secretary under subsection (c); and
            ``(B) subject to the limitation under paragraph (2), the 
        rate described in that donation and distribution plan under 
        subsection (c)(1)(C).
        ``(2) Limitation.--Expenses eligible for reimbursement under 
    subsection (d) shall not exceed the value that an eligible dairy 
    organization incurred by accounting to the Federal milk marketing 
    order pool at the difference in the Class I milk value and the 
    lowest classified price for the applicable month (either Class III 
    milk or Class IV milk).
    ``(f) Preapproval.--
        ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall--
            ``(A) establish a process for an eligible partnership to 
        apply for preapproval of donation and distribution plans under 
        subsection (c); and
            ``(B) not less frequently than annually, preapprove an 
        amount for qualified expenses described in subsection (e) that 
        the Secretary will allocate for reimbursement under each 
        donation and distribution plan preapproved under subparagraph 
        (A), based on an assessment of--
                ``(i) the feasibility of the plan; and
                ``(ii) the extent to which the plan advances the 
            purposes described in subsection (b).
        ``(2) Preference.--In preapproving amounts for reimbursement 
    under paragraph (1)(B), the Secretary shall give preference to 
    eligible partnerships that will provide funding and in-kind 
    contributions in addition to the reimbursements.
        ``(3) Adjustments.--
            ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall adjust or increase 
        amounts preapproved for reimbursement under paragraph (1)(B) 
        based on performance and demand.
            ``(B) Requests for increase.--
                ``(i) In general.--The Secretary shall establish a 
            procedure for a participating partnership to request an 
            increase in the amount preapproved for reimbursement under 
            paragraph (1)(B) based on changes in conditions.
                ``(ii) Interim approval; incremental increase.--The 
            Secretary may provide an interim approval of an increase 
            requested under clause (i) and an incremental increase in 
            the amount of reimbursement to the applicable participating 
            partnership to allow time for the Secretary to review the 
            request without interfering with the donation and 
            distribution of eligible milk by the participating 
            partnership.
    ``(g) Prohibition on Resale of Products.--
        ``(1) In general.--An eligible distributor that receives 
    eligible milk donated under this section may not sell the products 
    back into commercial markets.
        ``(2) Prohibition on future participation.--An eligible 
    distributor that the Secretary determines has violated paragraph 
    (1) shall not be eligible for any future participation in the 
    program established under this section.
    ``(h) Administration.--The Secretary shall publicize opportunities 
to participate in the program established under this section.
    ``(i) Reviews.--The Secretary shall conduct appropriate reviews or 
audits to ensure the integrity of the program established under this 
section.
    ``(j) Funding.--Of the funds of the Commodity Credit Corporation, 
the Secretary shall use to carry out this section $9,000,000 for fiscal 
year 2019, and $5,000,000 for each fiscal year thereafter, to remain 
available until expended.''.
        (2) Conforming amendment.--Section 1401 of the Agricultural Act 
    of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9051) is amended, in the matter preceding 
    paragraph (1), by striking ``and part III''.

       Subtitle E--Supplemental Agricultural Disaster Assistance

SEC. 1501. SUPPLEMENTAL AGRICULTURAL DISASTER ASSISTANCE.
    (a) Members of Indian Tribes.--Section 1501(a)(1)(B) of the 
Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9081(a)(1)(B)) is amended--
        (1) by redesignating clauses (iii) and (iv) as clauses (iv) and 
    (v), respectively; and
        (2) by inserting after clause (ii) the following:
                ``(iii) an Indian tribe or tribal organization (as 
            those terms are defined in section 4 of the Indian Self-
            Determination and Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 
            5304));''.
    (b) Covered Livestock Losses for Livestock Indemnity Payments.--
Section 1501(b) of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9081(b)) is 
amended--
        (1) in paragraph (1)--
            (A) by striking ``or'' at the end of subparagraph (A);
            (B) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``cold.'' and 
        inserting ``cold, on the condition that in the case of the 
        death loss of unweaned livestock due to that adverse weather, 
        the Secretary may disregard any management practice, 
        vaccination protocol, or lack of vaccination by the eligible 
        producer on a farm; or''; and
            (C) by adding at the end the following new subparagraph:
            ``(C) disease that, as determined by the Secretary--
                ``(i) is caused or transmitted by a vector; and
                ``(ii) is not susceptible to control by vaccination or 
            acceptable management practices.''; and
        (2) in paragraph (4), by striking ``A payment'' and inserting 
    ``Payment reductions.--A payment''.
    (c) Emergency Assistance for Livestock, Honey Bees, and Farm-raised 
Fish.--
        (1) In general.--Section 1501(d)(2) of the Agricultural Act of 
    2014 (7 U.S.C. 9081(d)(2)) is amended by inserting ``, including 
    inspections of cattle tick fever'' before the period at the end.
        (2) Effective date.--The amendment made by paragraph (1) shall 
    apply to inspections of cattle tick fever conducted on or after the 
    date of enactment of this Act.
    (d) Tree Assistance Program.--Section 1501(e) of the Agricultural 
Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9081(e)) is amended--
        (1) in paragraph (3), in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), 
    by striking ``paragraph (4)'' and inserting ``paragraphs (4) and 
    (5)''; and
        (2) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(5) Payment rate for beginning and veteran producers.--
    Subject to paragraph (4), in the case of a beginning farmer or 
    rancher or a veteran farmer or rancher (as those terms are defined 
    in subsection (a) of section 2501 of the Food, Agriculture, 
    Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 2279)) that is 
    eligible to receive assistance under this subsection, the Secretary 
    shall provide reimbursement of 75 percent of the costs under 
    subparagraphs (A)(i) and (B) of paragraph (3).''.
    (e) Payment Limitation.--Section 1501(f)(2) of the Agricultural Act 
of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9081(f)(2)) is amended by striking ``this section 
(excluding payments received under subsections (b) and (e))'' and 
inserting ``subsection (c)''.

                 Subtitle F--Noninsured Crop Assistance

SEC. 1601. NONINSURED CROP ASSISTANCE PROGRAM.
    Section 196 of the Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act 
of 1996 (7 U.S.C. 7333) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (a)--
            (A) in paragraph (1), by adding at the end the following:
            ``(C) Data collection and sharing.--The Secretary shall 
        coordinate with the Administrator of the Risk Management Agency 
        on the type and format of data received under the noninsured 
        crop disaster assistance program that--
                ``(i) best facilitates the use of that data in 
            developing policies or plans of insurance offered under the 
            Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 1501 et seq.); and
                ``(ii) ensures the availability of that data on a 
            regular basis.
            ``(D) Coordination.--The Secretary shall coordinate between 
        the agencies of the Department that provide programs or 
        services to farmers and ranchers that are potentially eligible 
        for the noninsured crop disaster assistance program under this 
        section--
                ``(i) to make available coverage under--

                    ``(I) the fee waiver under subsection (k)(2); or
                    ``(II) the premium discount under subsection 
                (l)(3); and

                ``(ii) to share eligibility information to reduce 
            paperwork and avoid duplication.'';
            (B) in paragraph (2), by striking subparagraph (A) and 
        inserting the following:
            ``(A) In general.--Subject to subparagraph (B), in this 
        section, the term `eligible crop' means each commercial crop or 
        other agricultural commodity that is produced for food or fiber 
        (except livestock) for which catastrophic risk protection under 
        subsection (b) of section 508 of the Federal Crop Insurance Act 
        (7 U.S.C. 1508) and additional coverage under subsections (c) 
        and (h) of such section are not available or, if such coverage 
        is available, it is only available under a policy that provides 
        coverage for specific intervals based on weather indexes or 
        under a whole farm plan of insurance.''; and
            (C) in paragraph (4)(B)--
                (i) by striking clause (i) and inserting the following:
                ``(i) In general.--

                    ``(I) Agricultural act of 2014.--During the first 4 
                crop years of planting, as determined by the Secretary, 
                native sod acreage that has been tilled for the 
                production of an annual crop during the period 
                beginning on February 8, 2014, and ending on the date 
                of enactment of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018 
                shall be subject to a reduction in benefits under this 
                section as described in this subparagraph.
                    ``(II) Subsequent years.--Native sod acreage that 
                has been tilled for the production of an eligible crop 
                after the date of enactment of the Agriculture 
                Improvement Act of 2018 shall be subject to a reduction 
                in benefits under this section as described in this 
                subparagraph for not more than any 4 crop years--

                        ``(aa) during the first 10 crop years after the 
                    initial tillage; and
                        ``(bb) during which a crop on that acreage is 
                    enrolled under subsection (l)(2) or (k).''; and
                (ii) in clause (iii)(I), by striking ``transitional 
            yield of the producer'' and inserting ``county expected 
            yield'';
        (2) in subsection (b)--
            (A) in paragraph (1), by striking ``not later than 30 
        days'' and inserting ``by an appropriate deadline''; and
            (B) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(4) Streamlined submission process.--The Secretary shall 
    establish a streamlined process for the submission of records and 
    acreage reports under paragraphs (2) and (3) for diverse production 
    systems such as those typical of urban production systems, other 
    small-scale production systems, and direct-to-consumer production 
    systems.'';
        (3) in subsection (d)--
            (A) by redesignating paragraphs (1), (2), and (3) as 
        paragraphs (2), (3), and (4), respectively;
            (B) by inserting before paragraph (2) (as so redesignated) 
        the following:
        ``(1) the producer's share of the total acres devoted to the 
    eligible crop; by''; and
            (C) in paragraph (2) (as so redesignated), by striking 
        ``established yield for the crop'' and inserting ``approved 
        yield for the crop, as determined by the Secretary'';
        (4) in subsection (e)--
            (A) in paragraph (1), by striking ``farm'' and inserting 
        ``approved'';
            (B) in paragraph (2)--
                (i) in the second sentence--

                    (I) by inserting ``approved'' before ``yield''; and
                    (II) by striking ``Subject'' and inserting the 
                following:

            ``(B) Calculation.--Subject''; and
                (ii) in the matter preceding subparagraph (B) (as so 
            designated)--

                    (I) by striking ``yield coverage'' and inserting 
                ``an approved yield''; and
                    (II) by striking ``The Secretary'' and inserting 
                the following:

            ``(A) In general.--The Secretary''; and
            (C) in paragraph (3), by striking ``transitional yield of 
        the producer'' and inserting ``county expected yield'';
        (5) in subsection (i)(2), by striking ``exceed $125,000'' and 
    inserting the following: ``exceed--
            ``(A) in the case of catastrophic coverage under subsection 
        (c), $125,000; and
            ``(B) in the case of additional coverage under subsection 
        (l), $300,000'';
        (6) in subsection (k)(1)--
            (A) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``$250'' and inserting 
        ``$325''; and
            (B) in subparagraph (B)--
                (i) by striking ``$750'' and inserting ``$825''; and
                (ii) by striking ``$1,875'' and inserting ``$1,950''; 
            and
        (7) in subsection (l)--
            (A) in paragraph (1)--
                (i) by redesignating subparagraphs (A), (B), and (C) as 
            subparagraphs (B), (C), and (D), respectively;
                (ii) by inserting before subparagraph (B) (as so 
            redesignated) the following:
            ``(A) the producer's share of the total acres devoted to 
        the crop;''; and
                (iii) in subparagraph (C) (as so redesignated), by 
            inserting ``, contract price, or other premium price (such 
            as a local, organic, or direct market price, as elected by 
            the producer)'' after ``price'';
            (B) in paragraph (2)(B)(i)--
                (i) in subclause (IV), by striking ``and'' at the end;
                (ii) in subclause (V), by striking ``or'' at the end 
            and inserting ``and''; and
                (iii) by adding at the end the following:

                    ``(VI) the producer's share of the crop; or'';

            (C) by striking paragraphs (3) and (5); and
            (D) by redesignating paragraph (4) as paragraph (3).

                       Subtitle G--Administration

SEC. 1701. REGULATIONS.
    Section 1601(c)(2) of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 
9091(c)(2)) is amended--
        (1) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by striking 
    ``title and sections 11003 and 11017'' and inserting ``title, 
    sections 11003 and 11017, title I of the Agriculture Improvement 
    Act of 2018 and the amendments made by that title, and section 
    10109 of that Act'';
        (2) in subparagraph (A), by adding ``and'' at the end;
        (3) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``; and'' and inserting a 
    period; and
        (4) by striking subparagraph (C).
SEC. 1702. SUSPENSION OF PERMANENT PRICE SUPPORT AUTHORITY.
    Section 1602 of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9092) is 
amended by striking ``2018'' each place it appears and inserting 
``2023''.
SEC. 1703. PAYMENT LIMITATIONS.
    (a) In General.--Section 1001 of the Food Security Act of 1985 (7 
U.S.C. 1308) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (a)--
            (A) in paragraph (1), by striking ``section 1001 of the 
        Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008'' and inserting 
        ``section 1111 of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 
        9011)''; and
            (B) in paragraph (2), by inserting ``first cousin, niece, 
        nephew,'' after ``sibling,'';
        (2) in subsections (b) and (c), by striking ``and as marketing 
    loan gains or loan deficiency payments under subtitle B of title I 
    of the Agricultural Act of 2014'' each place it appears and 
    inserting ``of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9016, 
    9017)''; and
        (3) in subsection (f), by adding at the end the following:
        ``(9) Administration of reduction.--The Secretary shall apply 
    any order described in section 1614(d)(1) of the Agricultural Act 
    of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9097(d)(1)) to payments under sections 1116 and 
    1117 of that Act (7 U.S.C. 9016, 9017) prior to applying payment 
    limitations under this section.''.
    (b) Application.--The amendments made by this section shall apply 
beginning with the 2019 crop year.
SEC. 1704. ADJUSTED GROSS INCOME LIMITATIONS.
    (a) Waiver.--Section 1001D(b) of the Food Security Act of 1985 (7 
U.S.C. 1308-3a(b)) is amended--
        (1) in paragraph (2)(C), by inserting ``title II of the 
    Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018,'' after ``under''; and
        (2) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(3) Waiver.--The Secretary may waive the limitation 
    established by paragraph (1) with respect to a payment pursuant to 
    a covered benefit described in paragraph (2)(C), on a case-by-case 
    basis, if the Secretary determines that environmentally sensitive 
    land of special significance would be protected as a result of such 
    waiver.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--Section 1001D(b)(1) of the Food Security 
Act of 1985 (7 U.S.C. 1308-3a(b)(1)) is amended by inserting ``subject 
to paragraph (3),'' after ``of law,''.
    (c) Transition.--Section 1001D of the Food Security Act of 1985 (7 
U.S.C. 1308-3a), as in effect on the day before the date of enactment 
of this Act, shall apply with respect to the 2018 crop, fiscal, or 
program year, as appropriate, for each program described in subsection 
(b)(2) of that section (as so in effect on that day).
SEC. 1705. FARM SERVICE AGENCY ACCOUNTABILITY.
    (a) In General.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment 
of this Act, the Secretary shall establish policies, procedures, and 
plans to improve program accountability and integrity through targeted 
and coordinated activities, including utilizing data mining to identify 
and reduce errors, waste, fraud, and abuse in programs administered by 
the Farm Service Agency.
    (b) Report.--Not later than 3 years after the date of enactment of 
this Act, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Agriculture of 
the House of Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, 
Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report describing the progress 
and results of the activities conducted under subsection (a).
SEC. 1706. IMPLEMENTATION.
    (a) Maintenance of Base Acres and Payment Yields.--Section 1614(a) 
of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9097(a)) is amended by 
inserting ``, and as adjusted pursuant to sections 1112 and 1113'' 
before the period at the end.
    (b) Streamlining.--Section 1614 of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 
U.S.C. 9097) is amended by striking subsection (b) and inserting the 
following:
    ``(b) Streamlining.--In implementing this title and the amendments 
made by this title, the Secretary shall--
        ``(1) continue to reduce administrative burdens and costs to 
    producers by streamlining and reducing paperwork, forms, and other 
    administrative requirements, to ensure that--
            ``(A) a producer (or an agent of a producer) may report 
        information, electronically (including geospatial data) or 
        conventionally, to the Department of Agriculture, subject to 
        the Secretary--
                ``(i) establishing reasonable levels of tolerance that 
            reflect the differences in accuracy between measures of 
            common land units and geospatial data; and
                ``(ii) ensuring that discrepancies that occur within 
            the levels of tolerance established under clause (i) shall 
            not be used to penalize a producer (or an agent of a 
            producer) under any program administered by the Department 
            of Agriculture;
            ``(B) on the request of a producer (or an agent of a 
        producer), the Department of Agriculture electronically shares 
        with the producer (or agent) in real time and without cost to 
        the producer (or agent) the common land unit data, related farm 
        level data, conservation practices, and other information of 
        the producer through a single Department of Agriculture-wide 
        login;
            ``(C) not later than September 30, 2020, the Administrator 
        of the Risk Management Agency and the Administrator of the Farm 
        Service Agency shall implement a consistent method for 
        determining crop acreage, acreage yields, farm acreage, 
        property descriptions, and other common informational 
        requirements, including measures of common land units;
            ``(D) except in the case of misrepresentation, fraud, or 
        scheme and device, no crop insurance agent, approved insurance 
        provider, or employee or contractor of a crop insurance agency 
        or approved insurance provider bears responsibility or 
        liability under the Acreage Crop Reporting and Streamlining 
        Initiative (or any successor or similar initiative) for the 
        eligibility of a producer for a program administered by the 
        Department of Agriculture, not including a policy or plan of 
        insurance offered under the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 
        U.S.C. 1501 et seq.); and
            ``(E) on request of a crop insurance agent or approved 
        insurance provider required to deliver policies and plans of 
        insurance under the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 1501 
        et seq.) the crop insurance agent or approved insurance 
        provider receives, in a timely manner, any information held by 
        the Farm Service Agency that is necessary to ensure effective 
        crop insurance coverage for farmer customers;
        ``(2) continue to improve coordination, information sharing, 
    and administrative work among the Farm Service Agency, Risk 
    Management Agency, Natural Resources Conservation Service, and 
    other agencies, as determined by the Secretary;
        ``(3) continue to take advantage of new technologies to enhance 
    the efficiency and effectiveness of the delivery of Department of 
    Agriculture programs to producers, including by developing and 
    making publicly available data standards and security procedures to 
    allow third-party providers to develop applications that use or 
    feed data (including geospatial and precision agriculture data) 
    into the datasets and analyses of the Department of Agriculture; 
    and
        ``(4) reduce administrative burdens on producers participating 
    in price loss coverage or agriculture risk coverage by offering--
            ``(A) those producers an option to remotely and 
        electronically sign annual contracts for that coverage; and
            ``(B) to the maximum extent practicable, an option to sign 
        a multiyear contract for that coverage.''.
    (c) Implementation.--Section 1614(c) of the Agricultural Act of 
2014 (7 U.S.C. 9097(c)) is amended by adding at the end the following:
        ``(4) Agriculture improvement act of 2018.--The Secretary shall 
    make available to the Farm Service Agency to carry out title I of 
    the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018 and the amendments made by 
    that title $15,500,000.''.
    (d) Loan Implementation.--Section 1614(d)(1) of the Agricultural 
Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9097(d)(1)) is amended by striking ``under 
subtitles'' and all that follows through ``except'' and inserting 
``under subtitle B or C, under the amendments made by subtitle B or C, 
or under the amendments made by subtitle B or C of the Agriculture 
Improvement Act of 2018, except''.
    (e) Deobligation of Unliquidated Obligations.--Section 1614 of the 
Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9097) is amended by adding at the 
end the following:
    ``(e) Deobligation of Unliquidated Obligations.--
        ``(1) In general.--Subject to paragraph (3), any payment 
    obligated or otherwise made available by the Secretary under this 
    title on or after the date of enactment of the Agriculture 
    Improvement Act of 2018 that is not disbursed to the recipient by 
    the date that is 5 years after the date on which the payment is 
    obligated or otherwise made available shall--
            ``(A) be deobligated; and
            ``(B) revert to the Treasury.
        ``(2) Outstanding payments.--
            ``(A) In general.--Subject to paragraph (3), any payment 
        obligated or otherwise made available by the Farm Service 
        Agency (or any predecessor agency of the Department of 
        Agriculture) under the laws described in subparagraph (B) 
        before the date of enactment of the Agriculture Improvement Act 
        of 2018, that is not disbursed by the date that is 5 years 
        after the date on which the payment is obligated or otherwise 
        made available shall--
                ``(i) be deobligated; and
                ``(ii) revert to the Treasury.
            ``(B) Laws described.--The laws referred to in subparagraph 
        (A) are any of the following:
                ``(i) This title.
                ``(ii) Title I of the Food, Conservation, and Energy 
            Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 8702 et seq.).
                ``(iii) Title I of the Farm Security and Rural 
            Investment Act of 2002 (7 U.S.C. 7901 et seq.).
                ``(iv) The Agricultural Market Transition Act (7 U.S.C. 
            7201 et seq.).
                ``(v) Titles I through XI of the Food, Agriculture, 
            Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 (Public Law 101-624; 
            104 Stat. 3374) and the amendments made by those titles.
                ``(vi) Titles I through X of the Food Security Act of 
            1985 (Public Law 99-198; 99 Stat. 1362) and the amendments 
            made by those titles.
                ``(vii) Titles I through XI of the Agriculture and Food 
            Act of 1981 (Public Law 97-98; 95 Stat. 1218) and the 
            amendments made by those titles.
                ``(viii) Titles I through X of the Food and Agriculture 
            Act of 1977 (Public Law 95-113; 91 Stat. 917) and the 
            amendments made by those titles.
        ``(3) Waiver.--The Secretary may delay the date of the 
    deobligation and reversion under paragraph (1) or (2) of any 
    payment--
            ``(A) that is the subject of--
                ``(i) ongoing administrative review or appeal;
                ``(ii) litigation; or
                ``(iii) the settlement of an estate; or
            ``(B) for which the Secretary otherwise determines that the 
        circumstances are such that the delay is equitable.''.
    (f) Report.--Section 1614 of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 
9097) (as amended by subsection (e)) is amended by adding at the end 
the following:
    ``(f) Report.--Not later than January 1, 2020, and each January 1 
thereafter through January 1, 2023, the Secretary shall submit to the 
Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the 
Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a 
report that describes the tilled native sod acreage that was subject to 
a reduction in benefits under section 196(a)(4)(B) of the Federal 
Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act of 1996 (7 U.S.C. 7333(a)(4)(B) 
and section 508(o)(2) of the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 
1508(o)(2))--
        ``(1) as of the date of submission of the report; and
        ``(2) by State and county, relative to the total acres of 
    cropland in the State or county.''.
SEC. 1707. EXEMPTION FROM CERTAIN REPORTING REQUIREMENTS FOR CERTAIN 
PRODUCERS.
    (a) Definition of Exempted Producer.--In this section, the term 
``exempted producer'' means an individual or entity that is eligible to 
participate in--
        (1) a conservation program under title II or a law amended by 
    title II;
        (2) an indemnity or disease control program under the Animal 
    Health Protection Act (7 U.S.C. 8301 et seq.) or the Plant 
    Protection Act (7 U.S.C. 7701 et seq.); or
        (3) a commodity program under title I of the Agricultural Act 
    of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9011 et seq.), excluding the assistance provided 
    to users of cotton under sections 1207(c) and 1208 of that Act (7 
    U.S.C. 9037(c), 9038).
    (b) Exemption.--Notwithstanding the Federal Funding Accountability 
and Transparency Act of 2006 (Public Law 109-282; 31 U.S.C. 6101 note), 
the requirements of parts 25 and 170 of title 2, Code of Federal 
Regulations (or successor regulations), shall not apply with respect to 
assistance received by an exempted producer from the Secretary, acting 
through the Chief of the Natural Resources Conservation Service, the 
Administrator of the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, or the 
Administrator of the Farm Service Agency.

                         TITLE II--CONSERVATION
                    Subtitle A--Wetland Conservation

SEC. 2101. WETLAND CONVERSION.
    Section 1221(d) of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 
3821(d)) is amended--
        (1) by striking ``Except as'' and inserting the following:
        ``(1) In general.--Except as''; and
        (2) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(2) Duty of the secretary.--No person shall become ineligible 
    under paragraph (1) if the Secretary determines that an exemption 
    under section 1222(b) applies to that person.''.
SEC. 2102. WETLAND CONSERVATION.
    Section 1222(c) of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 
3822(c)) is amended--
        (1) by striking ``No program'' and inserting the following:
        ``(1) In general.--No program'';
        (2) in paragraph (1) (as so designated), by inserting ``, 
    which, except as provided in paragraph (2), shall be conducted in 
    the presence of the affected person'' before the period at the end; 
    and
        (3) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(2) Exception.--The Secretary may conduct an on-site visit 
    under paragraph (1) without the affected person present if the 
    Secretary has made a reasonable effort to include the presence of 
    the affected person at the on-site visit.''.
SEC. 2103. MITIGATION BANKING.
    Section 1222(k)(1)(B) of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 
3822(k)(1)(B)) is amended to read as follows:
            ``(B) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized 
        to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this paragraph 
        $5,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2019 through 2023.''.

                Subtitle B--Conservation Reserve Program

SEC. 2201. CONSERVATION RESERVE.
    (a) In General.--Section 1231(a) of the Food Security Act of 1985 
(16 U.S.C. 3831(a)) is amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
``2023''.
    (b) Eligible Land.--Section 1231(b) of the Food Security Act of 
1985 (16 U.S.C. 3831(b)) is amended--
        (1) in paragraph (1)(B), by striking ``Agricultural Act of 2014 
    (except for land enrolled in the conservation reserve program as of 
    that date)'' and inserting ``Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018, 
    on the condition that the Secretary shall consider to be planted 
    cropland enrolled in the conservation reserve program'';
        (2) by redesignating paragraphs (4) and (5) as paragraphs (5) 
    and (6), respectively;
        (3) by inserting after paragraph (3) the following:
        ``(4) cropland, marginal pasture land, and grasslands that will 
    have a positive impact on water quality and will be devoted to--
            ``(A) a grass sod waterway;
            ``(B) a contour grass sod strip;
            ``(C) a prairie strip;
            ``(D) a filterstrip;
            ``(E) a riparian buffer;
            ``(F) a wetland or a wetland buffer;
            ``(G) a saturated buffer;
            ``(H) a bioreactor; or
            ``(I) another similar water quality practice, as determined 
        by the Secretary;'';
        (4) in paragraph (5) (as so redesignated)--
            (A) in subparagraph (C), by striking ``or filterstrips or 
        riparian buffers devoted to trees, shrubs, or grasses'' and 
        inserting ``salt tolerant vegetation, field borders, or 
        practices to benefit State or federally identified wellhead 
        protection areas''; and
            (B) in subparagraph (E), by striking ``or'' after the 
        semicolon;
        (5) in paragraph (6) (as so redesignated), in subparagraph 
    (B)(ii), by striking the period at the end and inserting ``; or''; 
    and
        (6) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(7) as determined by the Secretary, land--
            ``(A) that was enrolled in the conservation reserve program 
        under a 15-year contract that expired on September 30, 2017, or 
        September 30, 2018;
            ``(B) for which there was no opportunity for additional 
        enrollment in that program; and
            ``(C) on which the conservation practice under the expired 
        contract under subparagraph (A) is maintained.''.
    (c) Enrollment.--Section 1231(d) of the Food Security Act of 1985 
(16 U.S.C. 3831(d)) is amended--
        (1) in paragraph (1), by striking subparagraphs (A) through (E) 
    and inserting the following:
            ``(A) fiscal year 2019, not more than 24,000,000 acres;
            ``(B) fiscal year 2020, not more than 24,500,000 acres;
            ``(C) fiscal year 2021, not more than 25,000,000 acres;
            ``(D) fiscal year 2022, not more than 25,500,000 acres; and
            ``(E) fiscal year 2023, not more than 27,000,000 acres.'';
        (2) in paragraph (2)--
            (A) by striking subparagraphs (A) and (B) and inserting the 
        following:
            ``(A) Limitation.--For purposes of applying the limitations 
        in paragraph (1)--
                ``(i) the Secretary shall enroll and maintain in the 
            conservation reserve not fewer than 2,000,000 acres of the 
            land described in subsection (b)(3) by September 30, 2023; 
            and
                ``(ii) in carrying out clause (i), to the maximum 
            extent practicable, the Secretary shall maintain in the 
            conservation reserve at any one time during--

                    ``(I) fiscal year 2019, 1,000,000 acres;
                    ``(II) fiscal year 2020, 1,500,000 acres; and
                    ``(III) fiscal years 2021 through 2023, 2,000,000 
                acres.

            ``(B) Priority.--In enrolling acres under subparagraph (A), 
        the Secretary may give priority to land, as determined by the 
        Secretary--
                ``(i) with expiring conservation reserve contracts;
                ``(ii) at risk of conversion or development; or
                ``(iii) of ecological significance, including land 
            that--

                    ``(I) may assist in the restoration of threatened 
                or endangered species under the Endangered Species Act 
                of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.);
                    ``(II) may assist in preventing a species from 
                being listed as a threatened or endangered species 
                under the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 
                1531 et seq.); or
                    ``(III) improves or creates wildlife habitat 
                corridors.'';

            (B) in subparagraph (C)--
                (i) by striking ``In enrolling'' and inserting the 
            following:
                ``(i) In general.--In enrolling'';
                (ii) in clause (i) (as so designated), by striking ``a 
            continuous'' and inserting ``an annual''; and
                (iii) by adding at the end the following:
                ``(ii) Timing of grassland ranking period.--For 
            purposes of grasslands described in subsection (b)(3), the 
            Secretary shall announce at least 1 ranking period 
            subsequent to the announcement of general enrollment 
            offers.''; and
            (C) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(D) Reservation of unenrolled acres.--If the Secretary is 
        unable in a fiscal year to enroll enough acres of land 
        described in subsection (b)(3) to meet the number of acres 
        described in clause (ii) or (iii) of subparagraph (A) for the 
        fiscal year--
                ``(i) the Secretary shall reserve the remaining number 
            of acres for that fiscal year for the enrollment of land 
            described in subsection (b)(3); and
                ``(ii) that number of acres shall not be available for 
            the enrollment of any other type of eligible land.''; and
        (3) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(3) Water quality practices to foster clean lakes, estuaries, 
    and rivers (clear initiative).--
            ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall give priority within 
        continuous enrollment under paragraph (6) to the enrollment of 
        land described in subsection (b)(4).
            ``(B) Sediment and nutrient loadings.--In carrying out 
        subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall give priority to the 
        implementation of practices on land that, if enrolled, will 
        help reduce sediment loadings, nutrient loadings, and harmful 
        algal blooms, as determined by the Secretary.
            ``(C) Acreage.--
                ``(i) In general.--Of the acres maintained in the 
            conservation reserve in accordance with paragraph (1), to 
            the maximum extent practicable, not less than 40 percent of 
            acres enrolled in the conservation reserve using continuous 
            enrollment under paragraph (6) shall be of land described 
            in subsection (b)(4).
                ``(ii) Limitation.--The acres described in clause (i) 
            shall not include grasslands described in subsection 
            (b)(3).
            ``(D) Report.--The Secretary shall--
                ``(i) in the monthly publication of the Secretary 
            describing conservation reserve program statistics, include 
            a description of enrollments through the priority under 
            this paragraph; and
                ``(ii) publish on the website of the Farm Service 
            Agency an annual report describing a summary of, with 
            respect to the enrollment priority under this paragraph--

                    ``(I) new enrollments;
                    ``(II) expirations;
                    ``(III) geographic distribution; and
                    ``(IV) estimated water quality benefits.

        ``(4) State enrollment rates.--At the beginning of each of 
    fiscal years 2019 through 2023, to the maximum extent practicable, 
    the Secretary shall allocate to the States proportionately 60 
    percent of the available number of acres each year for enrollment 
    in the conservation reserve, in accordance with historical State 
    enrollment rates, taking into consideration--
            ``(A) the average number of acres of all land enrolled in 
        the conservation reserve in each State during each of fiscal 
        years 2007 through 2016;
            ``(B) the average number of acres of all land enrolled in 
        the conservation reserve nationally during each of fiscal years 
        2007 through 2016; and
            ``(C) the acres available for enrollment during each of 
        fiscal years 2019 through 2023, excluding acres described in 
        paragraph (2).
        ``(5) Frequency.--In carrying out this subchapter, for 
    contracts that are not available on a continuous enrollment basis, 
    the Secretary shall hold a signup and enrollment not less often 
    than once each year.
        ``(6) Continuous enrollment procedure.--
            ``(A) In general.--To the maximum extent practicable, the 
        Secretary shall allow producers to submit applications on a 
        continuous basis for enrollment in--
                ``(i) the conservation reserve of--

                    ``(I) marginal pasture land described in subsection 
                (b)(2);
                    ``(II) land described in subsection (b)(4); and
                    ``(III) cropland described in subsection (b)(5); 
                and

                ``(ii) the conservation reserve enhancement program 
            under section 1231A.
            ``(B) Limitation.--For purposes of applying the limitations 
        in paragraph (1)--
                ``(i) the Secretary shall, to the maximum extent 
            practicable, enroll and maintain not fewer than 8,600,000 
            acres of land under subparagraph (A) by September 30, 2023; 
            and
                ``(ii) in carrying out clause (i), to the maximum 
            extent practicable, the Secretary shall maintain in the 
            conservation reserve at any one time during--

                    ``(I) fiscal year 2019, 8,000,000 acres;
                    ``(II) fiscal year 2020, 8,250,000 acres;
                    ``(III) fiscal year 2021, 8,500,000 acres; and
                    ``(IV) fiscal years 2022 and 2023, 8,600,000 
                acres.''.

    (d) Eligibility for Consideration.--Section 1231(h) of the Food 
Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3831(h)) is amended--
        (1) by striking ``On the expiration'' and inserting the 
    following:
        ``(1) In general.--On the expiration''; and
        (2) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(2) Reenrollment limitation for certain land.--
            ``(A) In general.--Except as provided in subparagraph (B), 
        land subject to a contract entered into under this subchapter 
        shall be eligible for only one reenrollment in the conservation 
        reserve under paragraph (1) if the land is devoted to hardwood 
        trees.
            ``(B) Exclusions.--Subparagraph (A) shall not apply to--
                ``(i) riparian forested buffers;
                ``(ii) forested wetlands enrolled under subsection 
            (d)(3) or the conservation reserve enhancement program 
            under section 1231A; and
                ``(iii) shelterbelts.''.
SEC. 2202. CONSERVATION RESERVE ENHANCEMENT PROGRAM.
    (a) In General.--Subchapter B of chapter 1 of subtitle D of title 
XII of the Food Security Act of 1985 is amended by inserting after 
section 1231 (16 U.S.C. 3831) the following:
``SEC. 1231A. CONSERVATION RESERVE ENHANCEMENT PROGRAM.
    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
        ``(1) CREP.--The term `CREP' means a conservation reserve 
    enhancement program carried out under subsection (b)(1).
        ``(2) Eligible land.--The term `eligible land' means land that 
    is eligible to be included in the program established under this 
    subchapter.
        ``(3) Eligible partner.--The term `eligible partner' means--
            ``(A) a State;
            ``(B) a political subdivision of a State;
            ``(C) an Indian tribe (as defined in section 4 of the 
        Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act (25 
        U.S.C. 5304)); or
            ``(D) a nongovernmental organization.
        ``(4) Management.--The term `management' means an activity 
    conducted by an owner or operator under a contract entered into 
    under this subchapter after the establishment of a conservation 
    practice on eligible land, to regularly maintain or enhance the 
    vegetative cover established by the conservation practice--
            ``(A) throughout the term of the contract; and
            ``(B) consistent with the conservation plan that covers the 
        eligible land.
    ``(b) Agreements.--
        ``(1) In general.--The Secretary may enter into an agreement 
    with an eligible partner to carry out a conservation reserve 
    enhancement program--
            ``(A) to assist in enrolling eligible land in the program 
        established under this subchapter; and
            ``(B) that the Secretary determines will advance the 
        purposes of this subchapter.
        ``(2) Contents.--An agreement entered into under paragraph (1) 
    shall--
            ``(A) describe--
                ``(i) 1 or more specific State or nationally 
            significant conservation concerns to be addressed by the 
            agreement;
                ``(ii) quantifiable environmental goals for addressing 
            the concerns under clause (i);
                ``(iii) a suitable acreage goal for enrollment of 
            eligible land under the agreement, as determined by the 
            Secretary;
                ``(iv) the location of eligible land to be enrolled in 
            the project area identified under the agreement;
                ``(v) the payments to be offered by the Secretary and 
            eligible partner to an owner or operator; and
                ``(vi) an appropriate list of conservation reserve 
            program conservation practices that are appropriate to 
            meeting the concerns described under clause (i), as 
            determined by the Secretary in consultation with eligible 
            partners;
            ``(B) subject to subparagraph (C), require the eligible 
        partner to provide matching funds--
                ``(i) in an amount determined during a negotiation 
            between the Secretary and 1 or more eligible partners, if 
            the majority of the matching funds to carry out the 
            agreement are provided by 1 or more eligible partners that 
            are not nongovernmental organizations; or
                ``(ii) in an amount not less than 30 percent of the 
            cost required to carry out the conservation measures and 
            practices described in the agreement, if a majority of the 
            matching funds to carry out the agreement are provided by 1 
            or more nongovernmental organizations; and
            ``(C) include procedures to allow for a temporary waiver of 
        the matching requirements under subparagraph (B), or continued 
        enrollment with a temporary suspension of incentives or 
        eligible partner contributions for new agreements, during a 
        period when an eligible partner loses the authority or ability 
        to provide matching contributions, if the Secretary determines 
        that the temporary waiver or continued enrollment with a 
        temporary suspension will advance the purposes of this 
        subchapter.
        ``(3) Effect on existing agreements.--
            ``(A) In general.--Subject to subparagraph (B), an 
        agreement under this subsection shall not affect, modify, or 
        interfere with existing agreements under this subchapter.
            ``(B) Modification of existing agreements.--To implement 
        this section, the signatories to an agreement under this 
        subsection may mutually agree to a modification of an agreement 
        entered into before the date of enactment of this section under 
        the Conservation Reserve Enhancement Program established by the 
        Secretary under this subchapter.
    ``(c) Payments.--
        ``(1) Matching requirement.--Funds provided by an eligible 
    partner may be in cash, in-kind contributions, or technical 
    assistance, as determined by the Secretary.
        ``(2) Marginal pastureland cost-share payments.--The Secretary 
    shall ensure that cost-share payments to an owner or operator to 
    install stream fencing, crossings, and alternative water 
    development on marginal pastureland under a CREP reflect the fair 
    market value of the cost of installation.
        ``(3) Cost-share and practice incentive payments.--
            ``(A) In general.--On request of an owner or operator, the 
        Secretary shall provide cost-share payments when a major 
        component of a conservation practice is completed under a CREP, 
        as determined by the Secretary.
            ``(B) Exemption.--For purposes of implementing conservation 
        practices on land enrolled under a CREP, the Secretary may 
        waive the contribution limitation described in section 
        1234(b)(2)(A).
        ``(4) Riparian buffer management payments.--
            ``(A) In general.--In the case of an agreement under 
        subsection (b)(1) that includes riparian buffers as an eligible 
        practice, the Secretary shall make cost-share payments to 
        encourage the regular management of the riparian buffer 
        throughout the term of the agreement, consistent with the 
        conservation plan that covers the eligible land.
            ``(B) Limitation.--The amount of payments received by an 
        owner or operator under subparagraph (A) shall not be greater 
        than 100 percent of the normal and customary projected 
        management cost, as determined by the Secretary, in 
        consultation with the applicable State technical committee 
        established under section 1261(a).
    ``(d) Forested Riparian Buffer Practice.--
        ``(1) Food-producing woody plants.--In the case of an agreement 
    under subsection (b)(1) that includes forested riparian buffers as 
    an eligible practice, the Secretary shall allow an owner or 
    operator--
            ``(A) to plant food-producing woody plants in the forested 
        riparian buffers, on the conditions that--
                ``(i) the plants shall contribute to the conservation 
            of soil, water quality, and wildlife habitat; and
                ``(ii) the planting shall be consistent with--

                    ``(I) recommendations of the applicable State 
                technical committee established under section 1261(a); 
                and
                    ``(II) technical guide standards of the applicable 
                field office of the Natural Resources Conservation 
                Service; and

            ``(B) to harvest from plants described in subparagraph (A), 
        on the conditions that--
                ``(i) the harvesting shall not damage the conserving 
            cover or otherwise have a negative impact on the 
            conservation concerns targeted by the CREP;
                ``(ii) only native plant species appropriate to the 
            region shall be used within 35 feet of the watercourse; and
                ``(iii) the producer shall be subject to a reduction in 
            the rental rate commensurate to the value of the crop 
            harvested.
        ``(2) Technical assistance.--For the purpose of enrolling 
    forested riparian buffers in a CREP, the Administrator of the Farm 
    Service Agency shall coordinate with the applicable State forestry 
    agency.
    ``(e) Drought and Water Conservation Agreements.--In the case of an 
agreement under subsection (b)(1) to address regional drought concerns, 
in accordance with the conservation purposes of the CREP, the 
Secretary, in consultation with the applicable State technical 
committee established under section 1261(a), may--
        ``(1) notwithstanding subsection (a)(2), enroll other 
    agricultural land on which the resource concerns identified in the 
    agreement can be addressed if the enrollment of the land is 
    critical to the accomplishment of the purposes of the agreement;
        ``(2) permit dryland agricultural uses with the adoption of 
    best management practices on enrolled land if the agreement 
    involves the significant long-term reduction of consumptive water 
    use and dryland production is compatible with the agreement; and
        ``(3) calculate annual rental payments consistent with existing 
    administrative practice for similar drought and water conservation 
    agreements under this subtitle and ensure regional consistency in 
    those rates.
    ``(f) Status Report.--Not later than 180 days after the end of each 
fiscal year, the Secretary shall submit to Congress a report that 
describes, with respect to each agreement entered into under subsection 
(b)(1)--
        ``(1) the status of the agreement;
        ``(2) the purposes and objectives of the agreement;
        ``(3) the Federal and eligible partner commitments made under 
    the agreement; and
        ``(4) the progress made in fulfilling those commitments.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendments.--
        (1) Section 1240R(c)(3) of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 
    U.S.C. 3839bb-5(c)(3)) is amended by striking ``a special 
    conservation reserve enhancement program described in section 
    1234(f)(4)'' and inserting ``a conservation reserve enhancement 
    program under section 1231A''.
        (2) Section 1244(f)(3) of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 
    U.S.C. 3844(f)(3)) is amended by striking ``subsection 
    (d)(2)(A)(ii) or (g)(2) of section 1234'' and inserting ``section 
    1231A''.
SEC. 2203. FARMABLE WETLAND PROGRAM.
    Section 1231B of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3831b) is 
amended--
        (1) in subsection (a)(1), by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
    ``2023''; and
        (2) in subsection (f)(2), by striking ``1234(d)(2)(A)(ii)'' and 
    inserting ``1234(d)''.
SEC. 2204. PILOT PROGRAMS.
    Subchapter B of chapter 1 of subtitle D of title XII of the Food 
Security Act of 1985 is amended by inserting after section 1231B (16 
U.S.C. 3831b) the following:
``SEC. 1231C. PILOT PROGRAMS.
    ``(a) CLEAR 30.--
        ``(1) In general.--
            ``(A) Enrollment.--The Secretary shall establish a pilot 
        program to enroll land in the conservation reserve program 
        through a 30-year conservation reserve contract (referred to in 
        this subsection as a `CLEAR 30 contract') in accordance with 
        this subsection.
            ``(B) Inclusion of acreage limitation.--For purposes of 
        applying the limitations in section 1231(d)(1), the Secretary 
        shall include acres of land enrolled under this subsection.
        ``(2) Expired conservation contract election.--
            ``(A) Definition of covered contract.--In this paragraph, 
        the term `covered contract' means a contract entered into under 
        this subchapter that--
                ``(i) expires on or after the date of enactment of the 
            Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018; and
                ``(ii) covers land enrolled in the conservation reserve 
            program under the clean lakes, estuaries, and rivers 
            priority described in section 1231(d)(3) (or the 
            predecessor practices that constitute the priority, as 
            determined by the Secretary).
            ``(B) Election.--On the expiration of a covered contract, 
        an owner or operator party to the covered contract shall 
        elect--
                ``(i) not to reenroll the land under the contract;
                ``(ii) to offer to reenroll the land under the contract 
            if the land remains eligible under the terms in effect as 
            of the date of expiration; or
                ``(iii) not to reenroll the land under the contract and 
            to enroll that land through a CLEAR 30 contract under this 
            subsection.
        ``(3) Eligible land.--Only land that is subject to an expired 
    covered contract shall be eligible for enrollment through a CLEAR 
    30 contract under this subsection.
        ``(4) Term.--The term of a CLEAR 30 contract shall be 30 years.
        ``(5) Agreements.--To be eligible to enroll land in the 
    conservation reserve program through a CLEAR 30 contract, the owner 
    of the land shall enter into an agreement with the Secretary--
            ``(A) to implement a conservation reserve plan developed 
        for the land;
            ``(B) to comply with the terms and conditions of the 
        contract and any related agreements; and
            ``(C) to temporarily suspend the base history for the land 
        covered by the contract.
        ``(6) Terms and conditions of clear 30 contracts.--
            ``(A) In general.--A CLEAR 30 contract shall include terms 
        and conditions that--
                ``(i) permit--

                    ``(I) repairs, improvements, and inspections on the 
                land that are necessary to maintain existing public 
                drainage systems; and
                    ``(II) owners to control public access on the land 
                while identifying access routes to be used for 
                restoration activities and management and contract 
                monitoring;

                ``(ii) prohibit--

                    ``(I) the alteration of wildlife habitat and other 
                natural features of the land, unless specifically 
                authorized by the Secretary as part of the conservation 
                reserve plan;
                    ``(II) the spraying of the land with chemicals or 
                the mowing of the land, except where the spraying or 
                mowing is authorized by the Secretary or is necessary--

                        ``(aa) to comply with Federal or State noxious 
                    weed control laws;
                        ``(bb) to comply with a Federal or State 
                    emergency pest treatment program; or
                        ``(cc) to meet habitat needs of specific 
                    wildlife species;

                    ``(III) any activity to be carried out on the land 
                of the owner or successor that is immediately adjacent 
                to, and functionally related to, the land that is 
                subject to the contract if the activity will alter, 
                degrade, or otherwise diminish the functional value of 
                the land; and
                    ``(IV) the adoption of any other practice that 
                would tend to defeat the purposes of the conservation 
                reserve program, as determined by the Secretary; and

                ``(iii) include any additional provision that the 
            Secretary determines is appropriate to carry out this 
            section or facilitate the practical administration of this 
            section.
            ``(B) Violation.--On the violation of a term or condition 
        of a CLEAR 30 contract, the Secretary may require the owner to 
        refund all or part of any payments received by the owner under 
        the conservation reserve program, with interest on the 
        payments, as determined appropriate by the Secretary.
            ``(C) Compatible uses.--Land subject to a CLEAR 30 contract 
        may be used for compatible economic uses, including hunting and 
        fishing, managed timber harvest, or periodic haying or grazing, 
        if the use--
                ``(i) is specifically permitted by the conservation 
            reserve plan developed for the land; and
                ``(ii) is consistent with the long-term protection and 
            enhancement of the conservation resources for which the 
            contract was established.
        ``(7) Compensation.--
            ``(A) Amount of payments.--The Secretary shall provide 
        payment under this subsection to an owner of land enrolled 
        through a CLEAR 30 contract using 30 annual payments in an 
        amount equal to the amount that would be used if the land were 
        to be enrolled in the conservation reserve program under 
        section 1231(d)(3).
            ``(B) Form of payment.--Compensation for a CLEAR 30 
        contract shall be provided by the Secretary in the form of a 
        cash payment in an amount determined under subparagraph (A).
            ``(C) Timing.--The Secretary shall provide any annual 
        payment obligation under subparagraph (A) as early as 
        practicable in each fiscal year.
            ``(D) Payments to others.--The Secretary shall make a 
        payment, in accordance with regulations prescribed by the 
        Secretary, in a manner as the Secretary determines is fair and 
        reasonable under the circumstances, if an owner who is entitled 
        to a payment under this section--
                ``(i) dies;
                ``(ii) becomes incompetent;
                ``(iii) is succeeded by another person or entity who 
            renders or completes the required performance; or
                ``(iv) is otherwise unable to receive the payment.
        ``(8) Technical assistance.--
            ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall assist owners in 
        complying with the terms and conditions of a CLEAR 30 contract.
            ``(B) Contracts or agreements.--The Secretary may enter 
        into 1 or more contracts with private entities or agreements 
        with a State, nongovernmental organization, or Indian Tribe to 
        carry out necessary maintenance of a CLEAR 30 contract if the 
        Secretary determines that the contract or agreement will 
        advance the purposes of the conservation reserve program.
        ``(9) Administration.--
            ``(A) Conservation reserve plan.--The Secretary shall 
        develop a conservation reserve plan for any land subject to a 
        CLEAR 30 contract, which shall include practices and activities 
        necessary to maintain, protect, and enhance the conservation 
        value of the enrolled land.
            ``(B) Delegation of contract administration.--
                ``(i) Federal, state, or local government agencies.--
            The Secretary may delegate any of the management, 
            monitoring, and enforcement responsibilities of the 
            Secretary under this subsection to other Federal, State, or 
            local government agencies that have the appropriate 
            authority, expertise, and resources necessary to carry out 
            those delegated responsibilities.
                ``(ii) Conservation organizations.--The Secretary may 
            delegate any management responsibilities of the Secretary 
            under this subsection to conservation organizations if the 
            Secretary determines the conservation organization has 
            similar expertise and resources.
    ``(b) Soil Health and Income Protection Pilot Program.--
        ``(1) Definition of eligible land.--In this subsection:
            ``(A) In general.--The term `eligible land' means cropland 
        that--
                ``(i) is selected by the owner or operator of the land 
            for proposed enrollment in the pilot program under this 
            subsection; and
                ``(ii) as determined by the Secretary--

                    ``(I) is located within 1 or more States that are 
                part of the prairie pothole region, as selected by the 
                Secretary based on consultation with State Committees 
                of the Farm Service Agency and State technical 
                committees established under section 1261(a) from that 
                region;
                    ``(II) had a cropping history or was considered to 
                be planted during each of the 3 crop years preceding 
                enrollment; and
                    ``(III) is verified to be less-productive land, as 
                compared to other land on the applicable farm.

            ``(B) Exclusion.--The term `eligible land' does not include 
        any land that was enrolled in a conservation reserve program 
        contract in any of the 3 crop years preceding enrollment in the 
        pilot program under this subsection.
        ``(2) Establishment.--
            ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall establish a 
        voluntary soil health and income protection pilot program under 
        which eligible land is enrolled through the use of contracts to 
        assist owners and operators of eligible land to conserve and 
        improve the soil, water, and wildlife resources of the eligible 
        land.
            ``(B) Deadline for participation.--Eligible land may be 
        enrolled in the program under this section through December 31, 
        2020.
        ``(3) Contracts.--
            ``(A) Requirements.--A contract described in paragraph (2) 
        shall--
                ``(i) be entered into by the Secretary, the owner of 
            the eligible land, and (if applicable) the operator of the 
            eligible land; and
                ``(ii) provide that, during the term of the contract--

                    ``(I) the lowest practicable cost perennial 
                conserving use cover crop for the eligible land, as 
                determined by the applicable State conservationist 
                after considering the advice of the applicable State 
                technical committee, shall be planted on the eligible 
                land;
                    ``(II) except as provided in subparagraph (E), the 
                owner or operator of the eligible land shall pay the 
                cost of planting the conserving use cover crop under 
                subclause (I);
                    ``(III) subject to subparagraph (F), the eligible 
                land may be harvested for seed, hayed, or grazed 
                outside the primary nesting season established for the 
                applicable county;
                    ``(IV) the eligible land may be eligible for a 
                walk-in access program of the applicable State, if any; 
                and
                    ``(V) a nonprofit wildlife organization may provide 
                to the owner or operator of the eligible land a payment 
                in exchange for an agreement by the owner or operator 
                not to harvest the conserving use cover.

            ``(B) Payments.--Except as provided in subparagraphs (E) 
        and (F)(ii)(II), the annual rental rate for a payment under a 
        contract described in paragraph (2) shall be equal to 50 
        percent of the average rental rate for the applicable county 
        under section 1234(d), as determined by the Secretary.
            ``(C) Limitation on enrolled land.--Not more than 15 
        percent of the eligible land on a farm may be enrolled in the 
        pilot program under this subsection.
            ``(D) Term.--
                ``(i) In general.--Except as provided in clause (ii), 
            each contract described in paragraph (2) shall be for a 
            term of 3, 4, or 5 years, as determined by the parties to 
            the contract.
                ``(ii) Early termination.--

                    ``(I) Secretary.--The Secretary may terminate a 
                contract described in paragraph (2) before the end of 
                the term described in clause (i) if the Secretary 
                determines that the early termination of the contract 
                is necessary.
                    ``(II) Owners and operators.--An owner and (if 
                applicable) an operator of eligible land enrolled in 
                the pilot program under this subsection may terminate a 
                contract described in paragraph (2) before the end of 
                the term described in clause (i) if the owner and (if 
                applicable) the operator pay to the Secretary an amount 
                equal to the amount of rental payments received under 
                the contract.

            ``(E) Beginning, limited resource, socially disadvantaged, 
        or veteran farmers and ranchers.--With respect to a beginning, 
        limited resource, socially disadvantaged, or veteran farmer or 
        rancher, as determined by the Secretary--
                ``(i) a contract described in paragraph (2) shall 
            provide that, during the term of the contract, of the 
            actual cost of establishment of the conserving use cover 
            crop under subparagraph (A)(ii)(I)--

                    ``(I) using the funds of the Commodity Credit 
                Corporation, the Secretary shall pay 50 percent; and
                    ``(II) the beginning, limited resource, socially 
                disadvantaged, or veteran farmer or rancher shall pay 
                50 percent; and

                ``(ii) the annual rental rate for a payment under a 
            contract described in paragraph (2) shall be equal to 75 
            percent of the average rental rate for the applicable 
            county under section 1234(d), as determined by the 
            Secretary.
            ``(F) Harvesting, haying, and grazing outside applicable 
        period.--The harvesting for seed, haying, or grazing of 
        eligible land under subparagraph (A)(ii)(III) outside of the 
        primary nesting season established for the applicable county 
        shall be subject to the conditions that--
                ``(i) with respect to eligible land that is so hayed or 
            grazed, adequate stubble height shall be maintained to 
            protect the soil on the eligible land, as determined by the 
            applicable State conservationist after considering the 
            advice of the applicable State technical committee; and
                ``(ii) with respect to eligible land that is so 
            harvested for seed--

                    ``(I) the eligible land shall not be eligible to be 
                insured or reinsured under the Federal Crop Insurance 
                Act (7 U.S.C. 1501 et seq.); and
                    ``(II) the rental payment otherwise applicable to 
                the eligible land under this subsection shall be 
                reduced by 25 percent.

        ``(4) Acreage limitation.--Of the number of acres available for 
    enrollment in the conservation reserve under section 1231(d)(1), 
    not more than 50,000 total acres of eligible land may be enrolled 
    under the pilot program under this subsection.
        ``(5) Report.--The Secretary shall submit to the Committee on 
    Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the Committee on 
    Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate an annual report 
    describing the eligible land enrolled in the pilot program under 
    this subsection, including--
            ``(A) the estimated conservation value of the land; and
            ``(B) estimated savings from reduced commodity payments, 
        crop insurance indemnities, and crop insurance premium 
        subsidies.''.
SEC. 2205. DUTIES OF OWNERS AND OPERATORS.
    Section 1232(a) of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 
3832(a)) is amended--
        (1) by redesignating paragraphs (10) and (11) as paragraphs 
    (11) and (12), respectively; and
        (2) by inserting after paragraph (9) the following:
        ``(10) on land devoted to hardwood or other trees, excluding 
    windbreaks and shelterbelts, to carry out proper thinning and other 
    practices--
            ``(A) to enhance the conservation benefits and wildlife 
        habitat resources addressed by the conservation practice under 
        which the land is enrolled; and
            ``(B) to promote forest management;''.
SEC. 2206. DUTIES OF THE SECRETARY.
    (a) Cost-Share and Rental Payments.--Section 1233(a) of the Food 
Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3833(a)) is amended--
        (1) in paragraph (1), by inserting ``, including the cost of 
    fencing and other water distribution practices, if applicable'' 
    after ``interest''; and
        (2) in paragraph (2)--
            (A) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by striking 
        ``in an amount necessary to compensate'' and inserting ``, in 
        accordance with section 1234(d),'';
            (B) in subparagraph (A)--
                (i) by inserting ``, marginal pastureland,'' after 
            ``cropland''; and
                (ii) by adding ``or'' at the end;
            (C) by striking subparagraph (B); and
            (D) by redesignating subparagraph (C) as subparagraph (B).
    (b) Specified Activities Permitted.--Section 1233 of the Food 
Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3833) is amended by striking subsection 
(b) and inserting the following:
    ``(b) Specified Activities Permitted.--
        ``(1) In general.--The Secretary, in coordination with the 
    applicable State technical committee established under section 
    1261(a), shall permit certain activities or commercial uses of 
    established cover on land that is subject to a contract under the 
    conservation reserve program if--
            ``(A) those activities or uses--
                ``(i) are consistent with the conservation of soil, 
            water quality, and wildlife habitat;
                ``(ii) are subject to appropriate restrictions during 
            the primary nesting season for birds in the local area that 
            are economically significant, in significant decline, or 
            conserved in accordance with Federal or State law;
                ``(iii) contribute to the health and vigor of the 
            established cover; and
                ``(iv) are consistent with a site-specific plan, 
            including vegetative management requirements, stocking 
            rates, and frequency and duration of activity, taking into 
            consideration regional differences, such as climate, soil 
            type, and natural resources; and
            ``(B) the Secretary, in coordination with the State 
        technical committee, includes contract modifications--
                ``(i) without any reduction in the rental rate for--

                    ``(I) emergency haying, emergency grazing, or other 
                emergency use of the forage in response to a localized 
                or regional drought, flooding, wildfire, or other 
                emergency, on all practices, outside the primary 
                nesting season, when--

                        ``(aa) the county is designated as D2 (severe 
                    drought) or greater according to the United States 
                    Drought Monitor;
                        ``(bb) there is at least a 40 percent loss in 
                    forage production in the county; or
                        ``(cc) the Secretary, in coordination with the 
                    State technical committee, determines that the 
                    program can assist in the response to a natural 
                    disaster event without permanent damage to the 
                    established cover;

                    ``(II) emergency grazing on all practices during 
                the primary nesting season if payments are authorized 
                for a county under the livestock forage disaster 
                program under clause (ii) of section 1501(c)(3)(D) of 
                the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9081(c)(3)(D)), 
                at 50 percent of the normal carrying capacity 
                determined under clause (i) of that section, adjusted 
                to the site-specific plan;
                    ``(III) emergency haying on certain practices, 
                outside the primary nesting season, if payments are 
                authorized for a county under the livestock forage 
                disaster program under clause (ii) of section 
                1501(c)(3)(D) of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 
                9081(c)(3)(D)), on not more than 50 percent of contract 
                acres, as identified in the site-specific plan;
                    ``(IV) grazing of all practices, outside the 
                primary nesting season, if included as a mid-contract 
                management practice under section 1232(a)(5);
                    ``(V) the intermittent and seasonal use of 
                vegetative buffer established under paragraphs (4) and 
                (5) of section 1231(b) that are incidental to 
                agricultural production on land adjacent to the buffer 
                such that the permitted use--

                        ``(aa) does not destroy the permanent 
                    vegetative cover; and
                        ``(bb) retains suitable vegetative structure 
                    for wildlife cover and shelter outside the primary 
                    nesting season; or

                    ``(VI) grazing on all practices, outside the 
                primary nesting season, if conducted by a beginning 
                farmer or rancher; or

                ``(ii) with a 25 percent reduction in the annual rental 
            rate for the acres covered by the authorized activity, 
            including--

                    ``(I) grazing not more frequently than every other 
                year on the same land, except that during the primary 
                nesting season, grazing shall be subject to a 50 
                percent reduction in the stocking rate specified in the 
                site-specific plan;
                    ``(II) grazing of all practices during the primary 
                nesting season, with a 50 percent reduction in the 
                stocking rate specified in the site-specific plan;
                    ``(III) haying and other commercial use (including 
                the managed harvesting of biomass and excluding the 
                harvesting of vegetative cover), on the condition that 
                the activity--

                        ``(aa) is completed outside the primary nesting 
                    season;
                        ``(bb) occurs not more than once every 3 years; 
                    and
                        ``(cc) maintains 25 percent of the total 
                    contract acres unharvested, in accordance with a 
                    site-specific plan that provides for wildlife cover 
                    and shelter;

                    ``(IV) annual grazing outside the primary nesting 
                season if consistent with a site-specific plan that is 
                authorized for the control of invasive species; and
                    ``(V) the installation of wind turbines and 
                associated access, except that in permitting the 
                installation of wind turbines, the Secretary shall 
                determine the number and location of wind turbines that 
                may be installed, taking into account--

                        ``(aa) the location, size, and other physical 
                    characteristics of the land;
                        ``(bb) the extent to which the land contains 
                    threatened or endangered wildlife and wildlife 
                    habitat; and
                        ``(cc) the purposes of the conservation reserve 
                    program under this subchapter.
        ``(2) Conditions on haying and grazing.--
            ``(A) In general.--The Secretary may permit haying or 
        grazing in accordance with paragraph (1) on any land or 
        practice subject to a contract under the conservation reserve 
        program.
            ``(B) Exceptions.--
                ``(i) Damage to vegetative cover.--Haying or grazing 
            described in paragraph (1) shall not be permitted on land 
            subject to a contract under the conservation reserve 
            program, or under a particular practice, if haying or 
            grazing for that year under that practice, as applicable, 
            would cause long-term damage to vegetative cover on that 
            land.
                ``(ii) Special agreements.--

                    ``(I) In general.--Except as provided in subclause 
                (II), haying or grazing described in paragraph (1) 
                shall not be permitted on--

                        ``(aa) land covered by a contract enrolled 
                    under the State acres for wildlife enhancement 
                    program established by the Secretary; or
                        ``(bb) land covered by a contract enrolled 
                    under a conservation reserve enhancement program 
                    established under section 1231A or the Conservation 
                    Reserve Enhancement Program established by the 
                    Secretary under this subchapter.

                    ``(II) Exception.--Subclause (I) shall not apply to 
                land on which haying or grazing is specifically 
                permitted under the applicable conservation reserve 
                enhancement program agreement or other partnership 
                agreement entered into under this subchapter.''.

    (c) Natural Disaster or Adverse Weather as Mid-contract 
Management.--Section 1233 of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 
3833) is amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(e) Natural Disaster or Adverse Weather as Mid-contract 
Management.--In the case of a natural disaster or adverse weather event 
that has the effect of a management practice consistent with the 
conservation plan, the Secretary shall not require further management 
practices pursuant to section 1232(a)(5) that are intended to achieve 
the same effect.''.
SEC. 2207. PAYMENTS.
    (a) Cost Sharing Payments.--Section 1234(b) of the Food Security 
Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3834(b)) is amended--
        (1) by striking paragraphs (2) through (4) and inserting the 
    following:
        ``(2) Limitations.--
            ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall ensure, to the 
        maximum extent practicable, that cost sharing payments to an 
        owner or operator under this subchapter, when combined with the 
        sum of payments from all other funding sources for measures and 
        practices described in paragraph (1), do not exceed 100 percent 
        of the total actual cost of establishing those measures and 
        practices, as determined by the Secretary.
            ``(B) Mid-contract management grazing.--The Secretary may 
        not make any cost sharing payment to an owner or operator under 
        this subchapter pursuant to section 1232(a)(5).
            ``(C) Seed cost.--In the case of seed costs related to the 
        establishment of cover, cost sharing payments under this 
        subchapter shall not exceed 50 percent of the actual cost of 
        the seed mixture, as determined by the Secretary.'';
        (2) by redesignating paragraph (5) as paragraph (3);
        (3) in paragraph (3) (as so redesignated), by striking ``An 
    owner'' and inserting ``Except in the case of incentive payments 
    that are related to the cost of the establishment of a practice and 
    received from eligible partners under the conservation reserve 
    enhancement program under section 1231A, an owner''; and
        (4) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(4) Practice incentives for continuous practices.--In 
    addition to the cost sharing payment described in this subsection, 
    the Secretary shall make an incentive payment to an owner or 
    operator of land enrolled under section 1231(d)(6) in an amount not 
    to exceed 50 percent of the actual cost of establishing all 
    measures and practices described in paragraph (1), including seed 
    costs related to the establishment of cover, as determined by the 
    Secretary.''.
    (b) Incentive Payments.--Section 1234(c) of the Food Security Act 
of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3834(c)) is amended--
        (1) in the subsection heading, by striking ``Incentive'' and 
    inserting ``Forest Management Incentive'';
        (2) in paragraph (1), by striking ``The Secretary'' and 
    inserting ``Using funds made available under section 1241(a)(1)(A), 
    the Secretary''; and
        (3) in paragraph (2), by striking ``150 percent'' and inserting 
    ``100 percent''.
    (c) Annual Rental Payments.--Section 1234(d) of the Food Security 
Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3834(d)) is amended--
        (1) in paragraph (1)--
            (A) by striking ``the Secretary may consider, among other 
        things, the amount'' and inserting the following: ``the 
        Secretary shall consider--
            ``(A) the amount'';
            (B) in subparagraph (A) (as so designated), by striking the 
        period at the end and inserting a semicolon; and
            (C) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(B) the impact on the local farmland rental market; and
            ``(C) such other factors as the Secretary determines to be 
        appropriate.'';
        (2) in paragraph (2)--
            (A) in subparagraph (A)--
                (i) in clause (i), by striking ``; or'' and inserting a 
            period;
                (ii) by striking clause (ii); and
                (iii) by striking ``determined through--'' in the 
            matter preceding clause (i) and all that follows through 
            ``the submission of bids'' in clause (i) and inserting 
            ``determined through the submission of applications'';
            (B) by redesignating subparagraph (B) as subparagraph (C);
            (C) by inserting after subparagraph (A) the following:
            ``(B) Multiple enrollments.--
                ``(i) In general.--Subject to clause (ii), if land 
            subject to a contract entered into under this subchapter is 
            reenrolled under section 1231(h)(1) or has been previously 
            enrolled in the conservation reserve, the annual rental 
            payment shall be in an amount that is not more than 85 
            percent in the case of general enrollment contacts, or 90 
            percent in the case of continuous enrollment contracts, of 
            the applicable estimated average county rental rate 
            published pursuant to paragraph (4) for the year in which 
            the reenrollment occurs.
                ``(ii) Conservation reserve enhancement program.--The 
            reduction in annual rental payments under clause (i) may be 
            waived as part of the negotiation between the Secretary and 
            an eligible partner to enter into a conservation reserve 
            enhancement program agreement under section 1231A.'';
            (D) in subparagraph (C) (as so redesignated), by striking 
        ``In the case'' and inserting ``Notwithstanding subparagraph 
        (A), in the case''; and
            (E) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(D) Continuous sign-up incentives.--The Secretary shall 
        make an incentive payment to the owner or operator of land 
        enrolled under section 1231(d)(6) at the time of initial 
        enrollment in an amount equal to 32.5 percent of the amount of 
        the first annual rental payment under subparagraph (A).'';
        (3) by striking paragraph (4);
        (4) by redesignating paragraph (5) as paragraph (4); and
        (5) in paragraph (4) (as so redesignated)--
            (A) in subparagraph (A)--
                (i) by striking ``, not less frequently than once every 
            other year,'' and inserting ``annually''; and
                (ii) by inserting ``, and shall publish the estimates 
            derived from the survey not later than September 15 of each 
            year'' before the period at the end;
            (B) in subparagraph (B), by inserting ``and the average 
        current and previous soil rental rates for each county'' after 
        ``subparagraph (A)'';
            (C) in subparagraph (C), by striking ``may use'' and 
        inserting ``shall consider''; and
            (D) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(D) Submission of additional information by state fsa 
        offices and crep partners.--
                ``(i) In general.--The Secretary shall provide an 
            opportunity for State Committees of the Farm Service Agency 
            or eligible partners (as defined in section 1231A(a)) in 
            conservation reserve enhancement programs under section 
            1231A to propose an alternative soil rental rate prior to 
            finalizing new rates, on the condition that documentation 
            described in clause (ii) is provided to support the 
            proposed alternative.
                ``(ii) Acceptable documentation.--Documentation 
            referred to in clause (i) includes--

                    ``(I) an average of cash rents from a random sample 
                of lease agreements;
                    ``(II) cash rent estimates from a published survey;
                    ``(III) neighboring county estimate comparisons 
                from the National Agricultural Statistics Service;
                    ``(IV) an average of cash rents from Farm Service 
                Agency farm business plans;
                    ``(V) models that estimate cash rents, such as 
                models that use returns to estimate crop production or 
                land value data; or
                    ``(VI) other documentation, as determined by the 
                Secretary.

                ``(iii) Notification.--Not less than 14 days prior to 
            the announcement of new or revised soil rental rates, the 
            Secretary shall offer a briefing to the Chairman and 
            Ranking Member of the Committee on Agriculture of the House 
            of Representatives and the Chairman and Ranking Member of 
            the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of 
            the Senate, including information on and the rationale for 
            the alternative rates proposed under clause (i) that were 
            accepted or rejected.
            ``(E) Rental rate limitation.--Notwithstanding forest 
        management incentive payments described in subsection (c), the 
        county average soil rental rate (before any adjustments 
        relating to specific practices, wellhead protection, or soil 
        productivity) shall not exceed--
                ``(i) 85 percent of the estimated rental rate 
            determined under this paragraph for general enrollment; or
                ``(ii) 90 percent of the estimated rental rate 
            determined under this paragraph for continuous 
            enrollment.''.
    (d) Payment Limitation for Rental Payments.--Section 1234(g) of the 
Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3834(g)) is amended--
        (1) in paragraph (1), by striking ``The total'' and inserting 
    ``Except as provided in paragraph (2), the total''; and
        (2) by striking paragraph (2) and inserting the following:
        ``(2) Wellhead protection.--Paragraph (1) and section 1001D(b) 
    shall not apply to rental payments received by a rural water 
    district or association for land that is enrolled under this 
    subchapter for the purpose of protecting a wellhead.''.
SEC. 2208. CONTRACTS.
    (a) Transition Option for Certain Farmers or Ranchers.--Section 
1235(f) of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3835(f)) is 
amended--
        (1) in paragraph (1)--
            (A) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by striking 
        ``retired farmer or rancher'' and inserting ``contract 
        holder'';
            (B) by striking ``retired or retiring owner or operator'' 
        each place it appears and inserting ``contract holder'';
            (C) in subparagraph (A), in the matter preceding clause 
        (i), by striking ``1 year'' and inserting ``2 years'';
            (D) in subparagraph (B), by inserting ``, including a lease 
        with a term of less than 5 years and an option to purchase'' 
        after ``option to purchase'';
            (E) in subparagraph (D), by striking ``; and'' and 
        inserting a semicolon;
            (F) by redesignating subparagraph (E) as subparagraph (F); 
        and
            (G) by inserting after subparagraph (D) the following:
            ``(E) give priority to the enrollment of the land covered 
        by the contract in--
                ``(i) the environmental quality incentives program 
            established under subchapter A of chapter 4;
                ``(ii) the conservation stewardship program established 
            under subchapter B of chapter 4; or
                ``(iii) the agricultural conservation easement program 
            established under subtitle H; and''; and
        (2) in paragraph (2)--
            (A) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by striking 
        ``The Secretary'' and inserting ``To the extent that the 
        maximum number of acres permitted to be enrolled under the 
        conservation reserve program has not been met, the Secretary''; 
        and
            (B) by striking subparagraph (A) and inserting the 
        following:
            ``(A)(i) is carried out on land described in paragraph (4) 
        or (5) of section 1231(b); and
            ``(ii) is eligible for continuous enrollment under section 
        1231(d)(6); and''.
    (b) End of Contract Considerations.--Section 1235(g) of the Food 
Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3835(g)) is amended to read as follows:
    ``(g) End of Contract Considerations.--The Secretary shall not 
consider an owner or operator to be in violation of a term or condition 
of the conservation reserve contract if--
        ``(1) during the year prior to expiration of the contract, the 
    owner or operator--
            ``(A)(i) enters into a contract under the environmental 
        quality incentives program established under subchapter A of 
        chapter 4; and
            ``(ii) begins the establishment of a practice under that 
        contract; or
            ``(B)(i) enters into a contract under the conservation 
        stewardship program established under subchapter B of chapter 
        4; and
            ``(ii) begins the establishment of a practice under that 
        contract; or
        ``(2) during the 3 years prior to the expiration of the 
    contract, the owner or operator begins the certification process 
    under the Organic Foods Production Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 6501 et 
    seq.).''.
SEC. 2209. ELIGIBLE LAND; STATE LAW REQUIREMENTS.
    The Secretary shall revise paragraph (4) of section 1410.6(d) of 
title 7, Code of Federal Regulations, to provide that land enrolled 
under a Conservation Reserve Enhancement Program agreement initially 
established before January 1, 2014 (including an amended or successor 
Conservation Reserve Enhancement Program agreement, as determined by 
the Secretary), shall not be ineligible for enrollment in the 
conservation reserve program established under subchapter B of chapter 
1 of subtitle D of title XII of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 
U.S.C. 3831 et seq.) under that paragraph if the Deputy Administrator 
(as defined in section 1410.2(b) of title 7, Code of Federal 
Regulations (or successor regulations)), on recommendation from and in 
consultation with the applicable State technical committee established 
under section 1261(a) of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 
3861(a)) determines, under such terms and conditions as the Deputy 
Administrator, in consultation with the State technical committee, 
determines to be appropriate, that making that land eligible for 
enrollment in that program is not contrary to the purposes of that 
program.

 Subtitle C--Environmental Quality Incentives Program and Conservation 
                          Stewardship Program

SEC. 2301. REPEAL OF CONSERVATION PROGRAMS.
    (a) In General.--Chapter 4 of subtitle D of title XII of the Food 
Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3839aa et seq.) is amended--
        (1) by striking the chapter designation and heading and 
    inserting the following:

``CHAPTER 4--ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY INCENTIVES PROGRAM AND CONSERVATION 
                          STEWARDSHIP PROGRAM

    ``Subchapter A--Environmental Quality Incentives Program''; and

        (2) by inserting after section 1240H the following:

          ``Subchapter B--Conservation Stewardship Program''.

    (b) Conservation Stewardship Program.--Subchapter B of chapter 2 of 
subtitle D of title XII of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 
3838d et seq.) is amended--
        (1) by redesignating sections 1238D through 1238G as sections 
    1240I through 1240L, respectively; and
        (2) by moving sections 1240I through 1240L (as so redesignated) 
    so as to appear after the subchapter heading for subchapter B of 
    chapter 4 of subtitle D of title XII of that Act (as added by 
    subsection (a)(2)).
    (c) Repeal.--
        (1) In general.--Chapter 2 of subtitle D of title XII of the 
    Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3838 et seq.) (as amended by 
    subsection (b)) is repealed.
        (2) Termination of conservation stewardship program.--Effective 
    on the date of enactment of this Act, the conservation stewardship 
    program under subchapter B of chapter 2 of subtitle D of title XII 
    of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3838d et seq.) (as in 
    effect on the day before the date of enactment of this Act) shall 
    cease to be effective.
        (3) Transitional provisions.--
            (A) Effect on existing contracts and agreements.--The 
        cessation of effectiveness under paragraph (2) shall not 
        affect--
                (i) the validity or terms of any contract entered into 
            by the Secretary under subchapter B of chapter 2 of 
            subtitle D of title XII of the Food Security Act of 1985 
            (16 U.S.C. 3838d et seq.) before the date of enactment of 
            this Act, or any payments, modifications, or technical 
            assistance required to be made in connection with the 
            contract; or
                (ii) subject to subparagraph (D), any agreement entered 
            into by the Secretary under the regional conservation 
            partnership program under subtitle I of title XII of the 
            Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3871 et seq.) on or 
            before September 30, 2018, under which conservation 
            stewardship program acres and associated funding have been 
            allocated to the agreement for the purpose of entering into 
            a contract under subchapter B of chapter 2 of subtitle D of 
            title XII of that Act (16 U.S.C. 3838d et seq.) (as in 
            effect on the day before the date of enactment of this 
            Act).
            (B) Extension permitted.--Notwithstanding paragraph (2), 
        the Secretary may extend for 1 year a contract described in 
        subparagraph (A)(i) if that contract expires on or before 
        December 31, 2019, under the terms and payment rate of the 
        existing contract and in accordance with subchapter B of 
        chapter 2 of subtitle D of title XII of the Food Security Act 
        of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3838d et seq.) (as in effect on the day 
        before the date of enactment of this Act).
            (C) Renewal not permitted.--
                (i) In general.--Notwithstanding subparagraph (A), and 
            subject to clause (ii), the Secretary may not renew a 
            contract or agreement described in that subparagraph.
                (ii) Exception.--The Secretary may renew a contract 
            described in subparagraph (A)(i)--

                    (I) if that contract expires on or after December 
                31, 2019;
                    (II) under the terms of the conservation 
                stewardship program under subchapter B of chapter 4 of 
                subtitle D of title XII of the Food Security Act of 
                1985 (as added by subsections (a)(2) and (b)); and
                    (III) subject to the limitation on funding for that 
                subchapter under section 1241 of the Food Security Act 
                of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3841).

            (D) RCPP contracts.--
                (i) Treatment of acreage.--In the case of an agreement 
            described in subparagraph (A)(ii), the Secretary may 
            provide an amount of funding that is equivalent to the 
            value of any acres covered by the agreement.
                (ii) Funds and acres not obligated.--In the case of an 
            agreement described in subparagraph (A)(ii) to which 
            program acres and associated funding have been allocated 
            but not yet obligated to enter into a contract under 
            subchapter B of chapter 2 of subtitle D of title XII of the 
            Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3838d et seq.) (as in 
            effect on the day before the date of enactment of this 
            Act)--

                    (I) the Secretary shall modify the agreement to 
                authorize the entrance into a contract under subchapter 
                B of chapter 4 of subtitle D of title XII of the Food 
                Security Act of 1985 (as added by subsections (a)(2) 
                and (b)); and
                    (II) the funds associated with the conservation 
                stewardship program acres allocated under that 
                agreement, on modification under subclause (I), may be 
                used to enter into conservation stewardship program 
                contracts with producers under subchapter B of chapter 
                4 of subtitle D of title XII of the Food Security Act 
                of 1985 (as added by subsections (a)(2) and (b)).

        (4) Contract administration.--Subject to paragraphs (3)(C) and 
    (3)(D)(ii)(II), the Secretary shall administer each contract and 
    agreement described in clauses (i) and (ii) of paragraph (3)(A) 
    until the expiration of the contract or agreement in accordance 
    with the regulations to carry out the conservation stewardship 
    program under subchapter B of chapter 2 of subtitle D of title XII 
    of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3838d et seq.) (as in 
    effect on the day before the date of enactment of this Act) that 
    are in effect on the day before that date of enactment.
        (5) Funding.--Notwithstanding paragraphs (1) and (2), any funds 
    made available from the Commodity Credit Corporation under section 
    1241(a)(4) of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3841(a)(4)) 
    for fiscal years 2014 through 2018 shall be available to carry 
    out--
            (A) any contract or agreement described in paragraph 
        (3)(A)(i) for fiscal year 2019;
            (B) any contract or agreement described in paragraph 
        (3)(A)(ii);
            (C) any contract extended under paragraph (3)(B); and
            (D) any contract or agreement under subchapter B of chapter 
        4 of subtitle D of title XII of the Food Security Act of 1985 
        (as added by subsections (a)(2) and (b)).
    (d) Conforming Amendments.--
        (1) Food security act of 1985.--
            (A) Section 1211(a)(3)(A) of the Food Security Act of 1985 
        (16 U.S.C. 3811(a)(3)(A)) is amended by inserting ``subchapter 
        A of'' before ``chapter 4''.
            (B) Section 1221(b)(3)(A) of the Food Security Act of 1985 
        (16 U.S.C. 3821(b)(3)(A)) is amended by inserting ``subchapter 
        A of'' before ``chapter 4''.
            (C) Section 1240J(b)(1) of the Food Security Act of 1985 
        (as redesignated by subsection (b)(1)) is amended by striking 
        subparagraph (C).
            (D) Section 1240 of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 
        U.S.C. 3839aa) is amended in the matter preceding paragraph (1) 
        by striking ``chapter'' and inserting ``subchapter''.
            (E) Section 1240A of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 
        U.S.C. 3839aa-1) is amended by striking ``chapter'' each place 
        it appears and inserting ``subchapter''.
            (F) Section 1240B(i)(2)(B) of the Food Security Act of 1985 
        (16 U.S.C. 3839aa-2(i)(2)(B)) is amended by striking 
        ``chapter'' and inserting ``subchapter''.
            (G) Section 1240C(b) of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 
        U.S.C. 3839aa-3(b)) is amended in the matter preceding 
        paragraph (1) by striking ``chapter'' and inserting 
        ``subchapter''.
            (H) Section 1240E(b)(2) of the Food Security Act of 1985 
        (16 U.S.C. 3839aa-5(b)(2)) is amended by striking ``chapter'' 
        and inserting ``subchapter''.
            (I) Section 1240G of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 
        U.S.C. 3839aa-7) is amended by striking ``chapter'' each place 
        it appears and inserting ``subchapter''.
            (J) Section 1240H of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 
        U.S.C. 3839aa-8) is amended by striking ``chapter'' each place 
        it appears and inserting ``subchapter''.
            (K) Section 1244(c)(3) of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 
        U.S.C. 3844(c)(3)) is amended by inserting ``subchapter A of'' 
        before ``chapter 4''.
            (L) Section 1244(l) of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 
        U.S.C. 3844(l)) is amended--
                (i) by striking ``chapter 2'' and inserting ``chapter 
            4''; and
                (ii) by inserting ``subchapter A of'' after 
            ``incentives program under''.
        (2) Other laws.--
            (A) Section 344(f)(8) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 
        1938 (7 U.S.C. 1344(f)(8)) is amended by inserting ``subchapter 
        A of'' before ``chapter 4''.
            (B) Section 377 of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 
        (7 U.S.C. 1377) is amended by inserting ``subchapter A of'' 
        before ``chapter 4''.
            (C) Paragraph (1) of the last proviso of the matter under 
        the heading ``conservation reserve program'' under the heading 
        ``Soil Bank Programs'' of title I of the Department of 
        Agriculture and Farm Credit Administration Appropriation Act, 
        1959 (7 U.S.C. 1831a), is amended by inserting ``subchapter A 
        of'' before ``chapter 4''.
            (D) Section 8(b)(1) of the Soil Conservation and Domestic 
        Allotment Act (16 U.S.C. 590h(b)(1)) is amended by inserting 
        ``subchapter A of'' before ``chapter 4''.
            (E) Section 1271(c)(3)(C) of the Food, Agriculture, 
        Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 (16 U.S.C. 2106a(c)(3)(C)) 
        is amended by inserting ``subchapter A of'' before ``chapter 
        4''.
            (F) Section 304(a)(1) of the Lake Champlain Special 
        Designation Act of 1990 (33 U.S.C. 1270 note; Public Law 101-
        596) is amended by inserting ``subchapter A of'' before 
        ``chapter 4''.
            (G) Section 202(c) of the Colorado River Basin Salinity 
        Control Act (43 U.S.C. 1592(c)) is amended by inserting 
        ``subchapter A of'' before ``chapter 4''.
SEC. 2302. PURPOSES OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY INCENTIVES PROGRAM.
    Section 1240 of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3839aa) is 
amended by striking paragraph (4) and inserting the following:
        ``(4) assisting producers to make beneficial, cost-effective 
    changes to production systems, including addressing identified, 
    new, or expected resource concerns related to organic production, 
    grazing management, fuels management, forest management, nutrient 
    management associated with crops and livestock, pest management, 
    irrigation management, adapting to, and mitigating against, 
    increasing weather volatility, drought resiliency measures, or 
    other practices on agricultural and forested land.''.
SEC. 2303. DEFINITIONS UNDER ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY INCENTIVES PROGRAM.
    Section 1240A of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3839aa-1) 
is amended--
        (1) by redesignating paragraphs (1), (2), (3), (4) and (5) as 
    paragraphs (2), (4), (5), (6), and (8), respectively;
        (2) by inserting before paragraph (2) (as so redesignated) the 
    following:
        ``(1) Conservation planning assessment.--The term `conservation 
    planning assessment' means a report, as determined by the 
    Secretary, that--
            ``(A) is developed by--
                ``(i) a State or unit of local government (including a 
            conservation district);
                ``(ii) a Federal agency; or
                ``(iii) a third-party provider certified under section 
            1242(e) (including a certified rangeland professional);
            ``(B) assesses rangeland or cropland function and describes 
        conservation activities to enhance the economic and ecological 
        management of that land; and
            ``(C) can be incorporated into a comprehensive planning 
        document required by the Secretary for enrollment in a 
        conservation program of the Department of Agriculture.'';
        (3) in paragraph (2) (as so redesignated), in subparagraph 
    (B)(vi)--
            (A) by inserting ``environmentally sensitive areas,'' after 
        ``marshes,''; and
            (B) by inserting ``identified or expected'' before 
        ``resource concerns'';
        (4) by inserting after paragraph (2) (as so redesignated) the 
    following:
        ``(3) Incentive practice.--The term `incentive practice' means 
    a practice or set of practices approved by the Secretary that, when 
    implemented and maintained on eligible land, address 1 or more 
    priority resource concerns.'';
        (5) in paragraph (6) (as so redesignated)--
            (A) in subparagraph (A)--
                (i) in clause (iv), by striking ``and'' at the end;
                (ii) by redesignating clause (v) as clause (vii); and
                (iii) by inserting after clause (iv) the following:
                ``(v) soil testing;
                ``(vi) soil remediation to be carried out by the 
            producer; and''; and
            (B) in subparagraph (B)--
                (i) in clause (i), by striking ``and'' at the end;
                (ii) by redesignating clause (ii) as clause (vi); and
                (iii) by inserting after clause (i) the following:
                ``(ii) planning for resource-conserving crop rotations 
            (as defined in section 1240L(d)(1));
                ``(iii) soil health planning, including increasing soil 
            organic matter and the use of cover crops;
                ``(iv) a conservation planning assessment;
                ``(v) precision conservation management planning; 
            and'';
        (6) by inserting after paragraph (6) (as so redesignated) the 
    following:
        ``(7) Priority resource concern.--The term `priority resource 
    concern' means a natural resource concern or problem, as determined 
    by the Secretary, that--
            ``(A) is identified at the national, State, or local level 
        as a priority for a particular area of a State; and
            ``(B) represents a significant concern in a State or 
        region.''; and
        (7) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(9) Soil remediation.--The term `soil remediation' means 
    scientifically based practices that--
            ``(A) ensure the safety of producers from contaminants in 
        soil;
            ``(B) limit contaminants in soil from entering agricultural 
        products for human or animal consumption; and
            ``(C) regenerate and sustain the soil.
        ``(10) Soil testing.--The term `soil testing' means the 
    evaluation of soil health, including testing for--
            ``(A) the optimal level of constituents in the soil, such 
        as organic matter, nutrients, and the potential presence of 
        soil contaminants, including heavy metals, volatile organic 
        compounds, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, or other 
        contaminants; and
            ``(B) the biological and physical characteristics 
        indicative of proper soil functioning.''.
SEC. 2304. ESTABLISHMENT AND ADMINISTRATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY 
INCENTIVES PROGRAM.
    (a) Establishment.--Section 1240B(a) of the Food Security Act of 
1985 (16 U.S.C. 3839aa-2(a)) is amended by striking ``2019'' and 
inserting ``2023''.
    (b) Payments.--Section 1240B(d) of the Food Security Act of 1985 
(16 U.S.C. 3839aa-2(d)) is amended--
        (1) in paragraph (4)(B)--
            (A) in clause (i)--
                (i) by striking ``Not more than'' and inserting ``On an 
            election by a producer described in subparagraph (A), the 
            Secretary shall provide at least'';
                (ii) by striking ``may be provided''; and
                (iii) by striking ``the purpose of'' and inserting 
            ``all costs related to''; and
            (B) by adding at the end the following:
                ``(iii) Notification and documentation.--The Secretary 
            shall--

                    ``(I) notify each producer described in 
                subparagraph (A), at the time of enrollment in the 
                program, of the option to receive advance payments 
                under clause (i); and
                    ``(II) document the election of each producer 
                described in subparagraph (A) to receive advance 
                payments under clause (i) with respect to each practice 
                that has costs described in that clause.''; and

        (2) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(7) Increased payments for high-priority practices.--
            ``(A) State determination.--Each State, in consultation 
        with the State technical committee established under section 
        1261(a) for the State, may designate not more than 10 practices 
        to be eligible for increased payments under subparagraph (B), 
        on the condition that the practice, as determined by the 
        Secretary--
                ``(i) addresses specific causes of impairment relating 
            to excessive nutrients in groundwater or surface water;
                ``(ii) addresses the conservation of water to advance 
            drought mitigation and declining aquifers;
                ``(iii) meets other environmental priorities and other 
            priority resource concerns identified in habitat or other 
            area restoration plans; or
                ``(iv) is geographically targeted to address a natural 
            resource concern in a specific watershed.
            ``(B) Increased payments.--Notwithstanding paragraph (2), 
        in the case of a practice designated under subparagraph (A), 
        the Secretary may increase the amount that would otherwise be 
        provided for a practice under this subsection to not more than 
        90 percent of the costs associated with planning, design, 
        materials, equipment, installation, labor, management, 
        maintenance, or training.''.
    (c) Allocation of Funding.--Section 1240B(f) of the Food Security 
Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3839aa-2(f)) is amended--
        (1) in paragraph (1)--
            (A) by striking ``2014 through 2018'' and inserting ``2019 
        through 2023'';
            (B) by striking ``60'' and inserting ``50''; and
            (C) by striking ``production.'' and inserting ``production, 
        including grazing management practices.''; and
        (2) in paragraph (2)--
            (A) by striking ``For each'' and inserting the following:
            ``(A) Fiscal years 2014 through 2018.--For each''; and
            (B) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(B) Fiscal years 2019 through 2023.--For each of fiscal 
        years 2019 through 2023, at least 10 percent of the funds made 
        available for payments under the program shall be targeted at 
        practices benefitting wildlife habitat under subsection (g).''.
    (d) Wildlife Habitat Incentive Program.--Section 1240B(g) of the 
Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3839aa-2(g)) is amended by adding 
at the end the following:
        ``(3) Maximum term.--In the case of a contract under the 
    program entered into solely for the establishment of 1 or more 
    annual management practices for the benefit of wildlife as 
    described in paragraph (1), notwithstanding any maximum contract 
    term established by the Secretary, the contract shall have a term 
    that does not exceed 10 years.
        ``(4) Included practices.--For the purpose of providing 
    seasonal wetland habitat for waterfowl and migratory birds, a 
    practice that is eligible for payment under paragraph (1) and 
    targeted for funding under subsection (f) may include--
            ``(A) a practice to carry out postharvest flooding; or
            ``(B) a practice to maintain the hydrology of temporary and 
        seasonal wetlands of not more than 2 acres to maintain 
        waterfowl and migratory bird habitat on working cropland.''.
    (e) Water Conservation or Irrigation Efficiency Practice.--Section 
1240B(h) of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3839aa-2(h)) is 
amended--
        (1) by striking paragraph (1) and inserting the following:
        ``(1) Availability of payments.--The Secretary may provide 
    water conservation and system efficiency payments under this 
    subsection to an entity described in paragraph (2) or a producer 
    for--
            ``(A) water conservation scheduling, water distribution 
        efficiency, soil moisture monitoring, or an appropriate 
        combination thereof;
            ``(B) irrigation-related structural or other measures that 
        conserve surface water or groundwater, including managed 
        aquifer recovery practices; or
            ``(C) a transition to water-conserving crops, water-
        conserving crop rotations, or deficit irrigation.'';
        (2) by redesignating paragraph (2) as paragraph (3);
        (3) by inserting after paragraph (1) the following:
        ``(2) Eligibility of certain entities.--
            ``(A) In general.--Notwithstanding section 1001(f)(6), the 
        Secretary may enter into a contract under this subsection with 
        a State, irrigation district, groundwater management district, 
        acequia, land-grant mercedes, or similar entity under a 
        streamlined contracting process to implement water conservation 
        or irrigation practices under a watershed-wide project that 
        will effectively conserve water, provide fish and wildlife 
        habitat, or provide for drought-related environmental 
        mitigation, as determined by the Secretary.
            ``(B) Implementation.--Water conservation or irrigation 
        practices that are the subject of a contract entered into under 
        subparagraph (A) shall be implemented on--
                ``(i) eligible land of a producer; or
                ``(ii) land that is--

                    ``(I) under the control of an irrigation district, 
                groundwater management district, acequia, land-grant 
                mercedes, or similar entity; and
                    ``(II) adjacent to eligible land described in 
                clause (i), as determined by the Secretary.

            ``(C) Waiver authority.--The Secretary may waive the 
        applicability of the limitations in section 1001D(b) or section 
        1240G for a payment made under a contract entered into under 
        this paragraph if the Secretary determines that the waiver is 
        necessary to fulfill the objectives of the project.
            ``(D) Contract limitations.--If the Secretary grants a 
        waiver under subparagraph (C), the Secretary may impose a 
        separate payment limitation for the contract with respect to 
        which the waiver applies.'';
        (4) in paragraph (3) (as so redesignated)--
            (A) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by striking 
        ``to a producer'' and inserting ``under this subsection'';
            (B) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``the eligible land of 
        the producer is located, there is a reduction in water use in 
        the operation of the producer'' and inserting ``the land on 
        which the practices will be implemented is located, there is a 
        reduction in water use in the operation on that land''; and
            (C) in subparagraph (B), by inserting ``except in the case 
        of an application under paragraph (2),'' before ``the producer 
        agrees''; and
        (5) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(4) Effect.--Nothing in this subsection authorizes the 
    Secretary to modify the process for determining the annual 
    allocation of funding to States under the program.''.
    (f) Payments for Conservation Practices Related to Organic 
Production.--Section 1240B(i)(3) of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 
U.S.C. 3839aa-2(i)(3)) is amended--
        (1) in the first sentence, by striking ``Payments'' and 
    inserting the following:
            ``(A) In general.--Payments'';
        (2) in the second sentence, by striking ``In applying these 
    limitations'' and inserting the following:
            ``(B) Technical assistance.--In applying the limitations 
        under subparagraph (A)''; and
        (3) in subparagraph (A) (as so designated)--
            (A) by striking ``aggregate, $20,000 per year or $80,000 
        during any 6-year period.'' and inserting the following: 
        ``aggregate--
                ``(i) through fiscal year 2018--

                    ``(I) $20,000 per year; or
                    ``(II) $80,000 during any 6-year period; and''; and

            (B) by adding at the end the following:
                ``(ii) during the period of fiscal years 2019 through 
            2023, $140,000.''.
    (g) Conservation Incentive Contracts.--Section 1240B of the Food 
Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3839aa-2) is amended by adding at the 
end the following:
    ``(j) Conservation Incentive Contracts.--
        ``(1) Identification of eligible priority resource concerns for 
    states.--
            ``(A) In general.--The Secretary, in consultation with the 
        applicable State technical committee established under section 
        1261(a), shall identify watersheds (or other appropriate 
        regions or areas within a State) and the corresponding priority 
        resource concerns for those watersheds or other regions or 
        areas that are eligible to be the subject of an incentive 
        contract under this subsection.
            ``(B) Limitation.--For each of the relevant land uses 
        within the watersheds, regions, or other areas identified under 
        subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall identify not more than 3 
        eligible priority resource concerns.
        ``(2) Contracts.--
            ``(A) Authority.--
                ``(i) In general.--The Secretary shall enter into 
            contracts with producers under this subsection that require 
            the implementation, adoption, management, and maintenance 
            of incentive practices that effectively address at least 1 
            eligible priority resource concern identified under 
            paragraph (1) for the term of the contract.
                ``(ii) Inclusions.--Through a contract entered into 
            under clause (i), the Secretary may provide--

                    ``(I) funding, through annual payments, for certain 
                incentive practices to attain increased levels of 
                conservation on eligible land; or
                    ``(II) assistance, through a practice payment, to 
                implement an incentive practice.

            ``(B) Term.--A contract under this subsection shall have a 
        term of not less than 5, and not more than 10, years.
            ``(C) Prioritization.--Notwithstanding section 1240C, the 
        Secretary shall develop criteria for evaluating incentive 
        practice applications that--
                ``(i) give priority to applications that address 
            eligible priority resource concerns identified under 
            paragraph (1); and
                ``(ii) evaluate applications relative to other 
            applications for similar agriculture and forest operations.
        ``(3) Incentive practice payments.--
            ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall provide payments to 
        producers through contracts entered into under paragraph (2) 
        for--
                ``(i) adopting and installing incentive practices; and
                ``(ii) managing, maintaining, and improving the 
            incentive practices for the duration of the contract, as 
            determined appropriate by the Secretary.
            ``(B) Payment amounts.--In determining the amount of 
        payments under subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall consider, 
        to the extent practicable--
                ``(i) the level and extent of the incentive practice to 
            be installed, adopted, completed, maintained, managed, or 
            improved;
                ``(ii) the cost of the installation, adoption, 
            completion, management, maintenance, or improvement of the 
            incentive practice;
                ``(iii) income foregone by the producer, including 
            payments, as appropriate, to address--

                    ``(I) increased economic risk;
                    ``(II) loss in revenue due to anticipated 
                reductions in yield; and
                    ``(III) economic losses during transition to a 
                resource-conserving cropping system or resource-
                conserving land use; and

                ``(iv) the extent to which compensation would ensure 
            long-term continued maintenance, management, and 
            improvement of the incentive practice.
            ``(C) Delivery of payments.--In making payments under 
        subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall, to the extent 
        practicable--
                ``(i) in the case of annual payments under paragraph 
            (2)(A)(ii)(I), make those payments as soon as practicable 
            after October 1 of each fiscal year for which increased 
            levels of conservation are maintained during the term of 
            the contract; and
                ``(ii) in the case of practice payments under paragraph 
            (2)(A)(ii)(II), make those payments as soon as practicable 
            on the implementation of an incentive practice.''.
SEC. 2305. ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY INCENTIVES PROGRAM PLAN.
    Section 1240E(a)(3) of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 
3839aa-5(a)(3)) is amended by inserting ``progressive'' before 
``implementation''.
SEC. 2306. LIMITATION ON PAYMENTS UNDER ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY 
INCENTIVES PROGRAM.
    Section 1240G of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3839aa-7) 
is amended--
        (1) by striking ``A person'' and inserting ``Not including 
    payments made under section 1240B(j), a person''; and
        (2) by inserting ``or the period of fiscal years 2019 through 
    2023,'' after ``2018,''.
SEC. 2307. CONSERVATION INNOVATION GRANTS AND PAYMENTS.
    (a) Competitive Grants for Innovative Conservation Approaches.--
Section 1240H(a)(2) of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3839aa-
8(a)(2)) is amended--
        (1) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``program;'' and inserting 
    ``program or community colleges (as defined in section 1473E(a) of 
    the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy 
    Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3319e(a))) carrying out demonstration 
    projects on land of the community college;'';
        (2) by redesignating subparagraphs (E) and (F) as subparagraphs 
    (G) and (H), respectively; and
        (3) by inserting after subparagraph (D) the following:
            ``(E) partner with farmers to develop innovative practices 
        for urban, indoor, or other emerging agricultural operations;
            ``(F) utilize edge-of-field and other monitoring practices 
        on farms--
                ``(i) to quantify the impacts of practices implemented 
            under the program; and
                ``(ii) to assist producers in making the best 
            conservation investments for the operations of the 
            producers;''.
    (b) Air Quality Concerns From Agricultural Operations.--Section 
1240H(b)(2) of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3839aa-8(b)(2)) 
is amended by striking ``$25,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2009 
through 2018'' and inserting ``$37,500,000 for each of fiscal years 
2019 through 2023''.
    (c) On-Farm Conservation Innovation Trials; Reporting and 
Database.--Section 1240H of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 
3839aa-8) is amended by striking subsection (c) and inserting the 
following:
    ``(c) On-Farm Conservation Innovation Trials.--
        ``(1) Definitions.--In this subsection:
            ``(A) Eligible entity.--The term `eligible entity' means, 
        as determined by the Secretary--
                ``(i) a third-party private entity the primary business 
            of which is related to agriculture;
                ``(ii) a nongovernmental organization with experience 
            working with agricultural producers; or
                ``(iii) a governmental organization.
            ``(B) New or innovative conservation approach.--The term 
        `new or innovative conservation approach' means--
                ``(i) new or innovative--

                    ``(I) precision agriculture technologies;
                    ``(II) enhanced nutrient management plans, nutrient 
                recovery systems, and fertilization systems;
                    ``(III) soil health management systems, including 
                systems to increase soil carbon levels;
                    ``(IV) water management systems;
                    ``(V) resource-conserving crop rotations (as 
                defined in section 1240L(d)(1));
                    ``(VI) cover crops; and
                    ``(VII) irrigation systems; and

                ``(ii) any other conservation approach approved by the 
            Secretary as new or innovative.
        ``(2) Testing new or innovative conservation approaches.--Using 
    $25,000,000 of the funds made available to carry out this 
    subchapter for each of fiscal years 2019 through 2023, the 
    Secretary shall carry out on-farm conservation innovation trials, 
    on eligible land of producers, to test new or innovative 
    conservation approaches--
            ``(A) directly with producers; or
            ``(B) through eligible entities.
        ``(3) Incentive payments.--
            ``(A) Agreements.--In carrying out paragraph (2), the 
        Secretary shall enter into agreements with producers (either 
        directly or through eligible entities) on whose land an on-farm 
        conservation innovation trial is being carried out to provide 
        payments (including payments to compensate for foregone income, 
        as appropriate to address the increased economic risk 
        potentially associated with new or innovative conservation 
        approaches) to the producers to assist with adopting and 
        evaluating new or innovative conservation approaches to achieve 
        conservation benefits.
            ``(B) Adjusted gross income requirements.--
                ``(i) In general.--Adjusted gross income requirements 
            under section 1001D(b)(1) shall--

                    ``(I) apply to producers receiving payments under 
                this subsection; and
                    ``(II) be enforced by the Secretary.

                ``(ii) Reporting.--An eligible entity participating in 
            an on-farm conservation innovation trial under this 
            subsection shall report annually to the Secretary on the 
            amount of payments made to individual farm operations under 
            this subsection.
            ``(C) Limitation on administrative expenses.--None of the 
        funds made available to carry out this subsection may be used 
        to pay for the administrative expenses of an eligible entity.
            ``(D) Length of agreements.--An agreement entered into 
        under subparagraph (A) shall be for a period determined by the 
        Secretary that is--
                ``(i) not less than 3 years; and
                ``(ii) if appropriate, more than 3 years, including if 
            such a period is appropriate to support--

                    ``(I) adaptive management over multiple crop years; 
                and
                    ``(II) adequate data collection and analysis by a 
                producer or eligible entity to report the natural 
                resource and agricultural production benefits of the 
                new or innovative conservation approaches to the 
                Secretary.

        ``(4) Flexible adoption.--The scale of adoption of a new or 
    innovative conservation approach under an on-farm conservation 
    innovation trial under an agreement under paragraph (2) may include 
    multiple scales on an operation, including whole farm, field-level, 
    or sub-field scales.
        ``(5) Technical assistance.--The Secretary shall provide 
    technical assistance--
            ``(A) to each producer or eligible entity participating in 
        an on-farm conservation innovation trial under paragraph (2) 
        with respect to the design, installation, and management of the 
        new or innovative conservation approaches; and
            ``(B) to each eligible entity participating in an on-farm 
        conservation innovation trial under paragraph (2) with respect 
        to data analyses of the on-farm conservation innovation trial.
        ``(6) Geographic scope.--The Secretary shall identify a 
    diversity of geographic regions of the United States in which to 
    establish on-farm conservation innovation trials under paragraph 
    (2), taking into account factors such as soil type, cropping 
    history, and water availability.
        ``(7) Soil health demonstration trial.--Using funds made 
    available to carry out this subsection, the Secretary shall carry 
    out a soil health demonstration trial under which the Secretary 
    coordinates with eligible entities--
            ``(A) to provide incentives to producers to implement 
        conservation practices that--
                ``(i) improve soil health;
                ``(ii) increase carbon levels in the soil; or
                ``(iii) meet the goals described in clauses (i) and 
            (ii);
            ``(B) to establish protocols for measuring carbon levels in 
        the soil and testing carbon levels on land where conservation 
        practices described in subparagraph (A) were applied to 
        evaluate gains in soil health as a result of the practices 
        implemented by the producers in the soil health demonstration 
        trial; and
            ``(C)(i) not later than September 30, 2020, to initiate a 
        study regarding changes in soil health and, if feasible, 
        economic outcomes, generated as a result of the conservation 
        practices described in subparagraph (A) that were applied by 
        producers through the soil health demonstration trial; and
            ``(ii) to submit to the Committee on Agriculture of the 
        House of Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, 
        Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate annual reports on the 
        progress and results of the study under clause (i).
    ``(d) Reporting and Database.--
        ``(1) Report required.--Not later than September 30, 2019, and 
    every 2 years thereafter, the Secretary shall submit to the 
    Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the 
    Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a 
    report on the status of activities funded under this section, 
    including--
            ``(A) funding awarded;
            ``(B) results of the activities, including, if feasible, 
        economic outcomes;
            ``(C) incorporation of findings from the activities, such 
        as new technology and innovative approaches, into the 
        conservation efforts implemented by the Secretary; and
            ``(D) on completion of the study required under subsection 
        (c)(7)(C), the findings of the study.
        ``(2) Conservation practice database.--
            ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall use the data 
        reported under paragraph (1) to establish and maintain a 
        publicly available conservation practice database that 
        provides--
                ``(i) a compilation and analysis of effective 
            conservation practices for soil health, nutrient 
            management, and source water protection in varying soil 
            compositions, cropping systems, slopes, and landscapes; and
                ``(ii) a list of recommended new and effective 
            conservation practices.
            ``(B) Privacy.--Information provided under subparagraph (A) 
        shall be transformed into a statistical or aggregate form so as 
        to not include any identifiable or personal information of 
        individual producers.''.
SEC. 2308. CONSERVATION STEWARDSHIP PROGRAM.
    (a) Definitions.--Section 1240I of the Food Security Act of 1985 
(as redesignated by section 2301(b)) is amended--
        (1) in paragraph (2)(B)--
            (A) in clause (i), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (B) in clause (ii), by striking the period at the end and 
        inserting a semicolon; and
            (C) by adding at the end the following:
                ``(iii) development of a comprehensive conservation 
            plan, as defined in section 1240L(e)(1);
                ``(iv) soil health planning, including planning to 
            increase soil organic matter; and
                ``(v) activities that will assist a producer to adapt 
            to, or mitigate against, increasing weather volatility.''; 
            and
        (2) in paragraph (7), by striking the period at the end and 
    inserting the following: ``through the use of--
            ``(A) quality criteria under a resource management system;
            ``(B) predictive analytics tools or models developed or 
        approved by the Natural Resources Conservation Service;
            ``(C) data from past and current enrollment in the program; 
        and
            ``(D) other methods that measure conservation and 
        improvement in priority resource concerns, as determined by the 
        Secretary.''.
    (b) Conservation Stewardship Program.--
        (1) Establishment.--Subsection (a) of section 1240J of the Food 
    Security Act of 1985 (as redesignated by section 2301(b)) is 
    amended in the matter preceding paragraph (1) by striking ``2014 
    through 2018'' and inserting ``2019 through 2023''.
        (2) Exclusions.--Subsection (b)(2) of section 1240J of the Food 
    Security Act of 1985 (as redesignated by section 2301(b)) is 
    amended in the matter preceding paragraph (1) by striking ``the 
    Agricultural Act of 2014'' and inserting the ``Agriculture 
    Improvement Act of 2018''.
    (c) Stewardship Contracts.--Section 1240K of the Food Security Act 
of 1985 (as redesignated by section 2301(b)) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (b), by striking paragraph (1) and inserting 
    the following:
        ``(1) Ranking of applications.--
            ``(A) In general.--In evaluating contract offers submitted 
        under subsection (a) and contract renewals under subsection 
        (e), the Secretary shall rank applications based on--
                ``(i) the natural resource conservation and 
            environmental benefits that result from the conservation 
            treatment on all applicable priority resource concerns at 
            the time of submission of the application;
                ``(ii) the degree to which the proposed conservation 
            activities increase natural resource conservation and 
            environmental benefits; and
                ``(iii) other consistent criteria, as determined by the 
            Secretary.
            ``(B) Additional criterion.--If 2 or more applications 
        receive the same ranking under subparagraph (A), the Secretary 
        shall rank those contracts based on the extent to which the 
        actual and anticipated conservation benefits from each contract 
        are provided at the lowest cost relative to other similarly 
        beneficial contract offers.'';
        (2) in subsection (c)--
            (A) by striking ``the program under subsection (a)'' and 
        inserting ``a contract or contract renewal under this 
        section'';
            (B) by inserting ``or contract renewal'' before ``offer 
        ranks'';
            (C) by inserting ``or contract renewal'' after 
        ``stewardship contract''; and
            (D) by adding ``or contract renewal'' before the period at 
        the end;
        (3) in subsection (d)(2)(A), by striking ``1238G(d)'' and 
    inserting ``1240L(c)''; and
        (4) in subsection (e)--
            (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by striking ``At 
        the end'' and all that follows through ``period'' the second 
        place it appears and inserting the following: ``The Secretary 
        may provide the producer an opportunity to renew an existing 
        contract in the first half of the fifth year of the contract 
        period'';
            (B) in paragraph (1), by striking ``initial'' and inserting 
        ``existing'';
            (C) in paragraph (2)--
                (i) by inserting ``new or improved'' after 
            ``integrate''; and
                (ii) by inserting ``demonstrating continued improvement 
            during the additional 5-year period,'' after 
            ``operation,''; and
            (D) in paragraph (3)(B), by striking ``to exceed the 
        stewardship threshold of'' and inserting ``to adopt or improve 
        conservation activities, as determined by the Secretary, to 
        achieve higher levels of performance with respect to not less 
        than''.
    (d) Duties of Secretary.--Section 1240L of the Food Security Act of 
1985 (as redesignated by section 2301(b)) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (b), in the matter preceding paragraph (1), 
    by striking ``acres'' and inserting ``funding'';
        (2) by striking subsection (c);
        (3) by redesignating subsections (d) and (e) as subsections (c) 
    and (d), respectively;
        (4) in subsection (c) (as so redesignated), by adding at the 
    end the following:
        ``(5) Payment for cover crop activities.--The amount of a 
    payment under this subsection for cover crop activities shall be 
    not less than 125 percent of the annual payment amount determined 
    by the Secretary under paragraph (2).'';
        (5) in subsection (d) (as so redesignated)--
            (A) in the subsection heading, by inserting ``and Advanced 
        Grazing Management'' after ``Rotations'';
            (B) by striking paragraph (2);
            (C) by redesignating paragraphs (1) and (4) as paragraphs 
        (2) and (1), respectively, and moving the paragraphs so as to 
        appear in numerical order;
            (D) in paragraph (1) (as so redesignated)--
                (i) by redesignating subparagraphs (A) through (D) and 
            (E) as clauses (i) through (iv) and (vi), respectively, and 
            indenting appropriately;
                (ii) by striking the paragraph designation and all that 
            follows through ``the term'' in the matter preceding clause 
            (i) (as so redesignated) and inserting the following:
        ``(1) Definitions.--In this subsection:
            ``(A) Advanced grazing management.--The term `advanced 
        grazing management' means the use of a combination of grazing 
        practices (as determined by the Secretary), which may include 
        management-intensive rotational grazing, that provide for--
                ``(i) improved soil health and carbon sequestration;
                ``(ii) drought resilience;
                ``(iii) wildlife habitat;
                ``(iv) wildfire mitigation;
                ``(v) control of invasive plants; and
                ``(vi) water quality improvement.
            ``(B) Management-intensive rotational grazing.--The term 
        `management-intensive rotational grazing' means a strategic, 
        adaptively managed multipasture grazing system in which animals 
        are regularly and systematically moved to fresh pasture in a 
        manner that--
                ``(i) maximizes the quantity and quality of forage 
            growth;
                ``(ii) improves manure distribution and nutrient 
            cycling;
                ``(iii) increases carbon sequestration from greater 
            forage harvest;
                ``(iv) improves the quality and quantity of cover for 
            wildlife;
                ``(v) provides permanent cover to protect the soil from 
            erosion; and
                ``(vi) improves water quality.
            ``(C) Resource-conserving crop rotation.--The term''; and
                (iii) in subparagraph (C) (as so designated)--

                    (I) in clause (iv) (as so redesignated), by 
                striking ``and'' at the end; and
                    (II) by inserting after clause (iv) (as so 
                redesignated) the following:

                ``(v) builds soil organic matter; and'';
            (E) in paragraph (2) (as so redesignated), by striking 
        ``improve resource-conserving'' and all that follows through 
        the period at the end and inserting the following: ``improve, 
        manage, and maintain--
            ``(A) resource-conserving crop rotations; or
            ``(B) advanced grazing management.'';
            (F) in paragraph (3)--
                (i) by striking ``paragraph (1)'' and inserting 
            ``paragraph (2)''; and
                (ii) by striking ``and maintain'' and all that follows 
            through the period at the end and inserting ``or improve, 
            manage, and maintain resource-conserving crop rotations or 
            advanced grazing management for the term of the 
            contract.''; and
            (G) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(4) Amount of payment.--An additional payment provided under 
    paragraph (2) shall be not less than 150 percent of the annual 
    payment amount determined by the Secretary under subsection 
    (c)(2).'';
        (6) by inserting after subsection (d) (as so redesignated) the 
    following:
    ``(e) Payment for Comprehensive Conservation Plan.--
        ``(1) Definition of comprehensive conservation plan.--In this 
    subsection, the term `comprehensive conservation plan' means a 
    conservation plan that meets or exceeds the stewardship threshold 
    for each priority resource concern identified by the Secretary 
    under subsection (a)(2).
        ``(2) Payment for comprehensive conservation plan.--The 
    Secretary shall provide a 1-time payment to a producer that 
    develops a comprehensive conservation plan.
        ``(3) Amount of payment.--The Secretary shall determine the 
    amount of payment under paragraph (2) based on--
            ``(A) the number of priority resource concerns addressed in 
        the comprehensive conservation plan; and
            ``(B) the number of types of land uses included in the 
        comprehensive conservation plan.'';
        (7) in subsection (f), by striking ``2014 through 2018'' and 
    inserting ``2019 through 2023'';
        (8) in subsection (h)--
            (A) by striking the subsection designation and heading and 
        all that follows through ``The Secretary'' and inserting the 
        following:
    ``(h) Organic Certification.--
        ``(1) Coordination.--The Secretary''; and
            (B) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(2) Allocation.--
            ``(A) In general.--Using funds made available for the 
        program for each of fiscal years 2019 through 2023, the 
        Secretary shall allocate funding to States to support organic 
        production and transition to organic production through 
        paragraph (1).
            ``(B) Determination.--The Secretary shall determine the 
        allocation to a State under subparagraph (A) based on--
                ``(i) the number of certified and transitioning organic 
            operations within the State; and
                ``(ii) the number of acres of certified and 
            transitioning organic production within the State.''; and
        (9) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(j) Streamlining and Coordination.--To the maximum extent 
feasible, the Secretary shall provide for streamlined and coordinated 
procedures for the program and the environmental quality incentives 
program under subchapter A, including applications, contracting, 
conservation planning, conservation practices, and related 
administrative procedures.
    ``(k) Soil Health.--To the maximum extent feasible, the Secretary 
shall manage the program to enhance soil health.
    ``(l) Annual Report.--Each fiscal year, the Secretary shall submit 
to the Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the 
Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a 
report describing the payment rates for conservation activities offered 
to producers under the program and an analysis of whether payment rates 
can be reduced for the most expensive conservation activities.''.
SEC. 2309. GRASSLAND CONSERVATION INITIATIVE.
    Subchapter B of chapter 4 of subtitle D of title XII of the Food 
Security Act of 1985 (as added by subsections (a)(2) and (b) of section 
2301) is amended by adding at the end the following:
``SEC. 1240L-1. GRASSLAND CONSERVATION INITIATIVE.
    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
        ``(1) Eligible land.--Notwithstanding sections 1240I(4) and 
    1240J(b)(2), the term `eligible land' means cropland on a farm for 
    which base acres have been maintained by the Secretary under 
    section 1112(d)(3) of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 
    9012(d)(3)).
        ``(2) Initiative.--The term `initiative' means the grassland 
    conservation initiative established under subsection (b).
    ``(b) Establishment and Purpose.--The Secretary shall establish 
within the program a grassland conservation initiative for the purpose 
of assisting producers in protecting grazing uses, conserving and 
improving soil, water, and wildlife resources, and achieving related 
conservation values by conserving eligible land through grassland 
conservation contracts under subsection (e).
    ``(c) Election.--Beginning in fiscal year 2019, the Secretary shall 
provide a 1-time election to enroll eligible land in the initiative 
under a contract described in subsection (e).
    ``(d) Method of Enrollment.--The Secretary shall--
        ``(1) notwithstanding subsection (b) of section 1240K, 
    determine under subsection (c) of that section that eligible land 
    ranks sufficiently high under the evaluation criteria described in 
    subsection (b) of that section; and
        ``(2) enroll the eligible land in the initiative under a 
    contract described in subsection (e).
    ``(e) Grassland Conservation Contract.--
        ``(1) In general.--Notwithstanding section 1240K(a)(1), to 
    enroll eligible land in the initiative under a grassland 
    conservation contract, a producer shall agree--
            ``(A) to meet or exceed the stewardship threshold for not 
        less than 1 priority resource concern by the date on which the 
        contract expires; and
            ``(B) to comply with the terms and conditions of the 
        contract.
        ``(2) Terms.--A grassland conservation contract entered into 
    under this section shall--
            ``(A)(i) be for a single 5-year term; and
            ``(ii) not be subject to renewal or reenrollment under 
        section 1240K(e); and
            ``(B) be subject to section 1240K(d).
        ``(3) Early termination.--The Secretary shall allow a producer 
    that enters into a grassland conservation contract under this 
    section--
            ``(A) to terminate the contract at any time; and
            ``(B) to retain payments already received under the 
        contract.
    ``(f) Grassland Conservation Plan.--The grassland conservation plan 
developed for eligible land shall be limited to--
        ``(1) eligible land; and
        ``(2) resource concerns and activities relating to grassland.
    ``(g) Payments.--
        ``(1) In general.--Beginning in fiscal year 2019, of the funds 
    made available for this subchapter under section 1241(a)(3)(B), and 
    notwithstanding any payment under title I of the Agriculture 
    Improvement Act of 2018, an amendment made by that title, or 
    section 1240L(c), the Secretary shall make annual grassland 
    conservation contract payments to the producer of any eligible land 
    that is the subject of a grassland conservation contract under this 
    section.
        ``(2) Payment noneligibility.--A grassland conservation 
    contract under this section shall not be--
            ``(A) eligible for payments under section 1240L(d); or
            ``(B) subject to the payment limitations under this 
        subchapter.
        ``(3) Limitation.--The amount of an annual payment under this 
    subsection shall be $18 per acre, not to exceed the number of base 
    acres on a farm.
    ``(h) Considered Planted.--The Secretary shall consider land 
enrolled under a grassland conservation contract under this section 
during a crop year to be planted or considered planted to a covered 
commodity (as defined in section 1111 of the Agricultural Act of 2014 
(7 U.S.C. 9011)) during that crop year.
    ``(i) Other Contracts.--A producer with an agricultural operation 
that contains land eligible under this section and land eligible under 
section 1240K--
        ``(1) may enroll the land eligible under this section through a 
    contract under this section or under section 1240K; and
        ``(2) shall not be prohibited from enrolling the land eligible 
    under section 1240K through a contract under section 1240K.''.

                Subtitle D--Other Conservation Programs

SEC. 2401. WATERSHED PROTECTION AND FLOOD PREVENTION.
    (a) Assistance to Local Organizations.--Section 3 of the Watershed 
Protection and Flood Prevention Act (16 U.S.C. 1003) is amended--
        (1) by striking the section designation and all that follows 
    through ``In order to assist'' and inserting the following:
``SEC. 3. ASSISTANCE TO LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS.
    ``(a) In General.--In order to assist''; and
        (2) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(b) Waiver.--The Secretary may waive the watershed plan for works 
of improvement if the Secretary determines that--
        ``(1) the watershed plan is unnecessary or duplicative; and
        ``(2) the works of improvement are otherwise consistent with 
    applicable requirements under section 4.''.
    (b) Authorization of Appropriations.--Section 14(h)(2)(E) of the 
Watershed Protection and Flood Prevention Act (16 U.S.C. 1012(h)(2)(E)) 
is amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.
    (c) Funds of Commodity Credit Corporation.--The Watershed 
Protection and Flood Prevention Act (16 U.S.C. 1001 et seq.) is amended 
by adding at the end the following:
  ``SEC. 15. FUNDING.
    ``In addition to any other funds made available by this Act, of the 
funds of the Commodity Credit Corporation, the Secretary shall make 
available to carry out this Act $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2019 and 
each fiscal year thereafter.''.
SEC. 2402. SOIL AND WATER RESOURCES CONSERVATION.
    The Soil and Water Resources Conservation Act of 1977 (16 U.S.C. 
2001 et seq.) is amended--
        (1) in section 5(e) (16 U.S.C. 2004(e)), by striking ``and 
    December 31, 2015'' and inserting ``December 31, 2015, and December 
    31, 2022'';
        (2) in section 6(d) (16 U.S.C. 2005(d)), by striking ``, 
    respectively'' and inserting ``, and a program update shall be 
    completed by December 31, 2023'';
        (3) in section 7 (16 U.S.C. 2006)--
            (A) in subsection (a), by striking ``and 2016'' and 
        inserting ``, 2016, and 2022''; and
            (B) in subsection (b), in the matter preceding paragraph 
        (1), by striking ``and 2017'' and inserting ``, 2017, and 
        2023''; and
        (4) in section 10 (16 U.S.C. 2009), by striking ``2018'' and 
    inserting ``2023''.
SEC. 2403. EMERGENCY CONSERVATION PROGRAM.
    (a) Repair or Replacement of Fencing.--
        (1) In general.--Section 401 of the Agricultural Credit Act of 
    1978 (16 U.S.C. 2201) is amended--
            (A) by inserting ``wildfires,'' after ``hurricanes,'';
            (B) by striking the section designation and all that 
        follows through ``The Secretary of Agriculture'' and inserting 
        the following:
    ``SEC. 401. EMERGENCY CONSERVATION PROGRAM.
    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary of Agriculture (referred to in 
this title as the `Secretary')''; and
            (C) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(b) Repair or Replacement of Fencing.--
        ``(1) In general.--With respect to a payment to an agricultural 
    producer under subsection (a) for the repair or replacement of 
    fencing, the Secretary shall give the agricultural producer the 
    option of receiving not more than 25 percent of the payment, 
    determined by the Secretary based on the applicable percentage of 
    the fair market value of the cost of the repair or replacement, 
    before the agricultural producer carries out the repair or 
    replacement.
        ``(2) Return of funds.--If the funds provided under paragraph 
    (1) are not expended by the end of the 60-day period beginning on 
    the date on which the agricultural producer receives those funds, 
    the funds shall be returned within a reasonable timeframe, as 
    determined by the Secretary.''.
        (2) Conforming amendments.--
            (A) Sections 402, 403, 404, and 405 of the Agricultural 
        Credit Act of 1978 (16 U.S.C. 2202, 2203, 2204, 2205) are 
        amended by striking ``Secretary of Agriculture'' each place it 
        appears and inserting ``Secretary''.
            (B) Section 407(a) of the Agricultural Credit Act of 1978 
        (16 U.S.C. 2206(a)) is amended by striking paragraph (4).
    (b) Cost Share Payments.--Title IV of the Agricultural Credit Act 
of 1978 is amended by inserting after section 402 (16 U.S.C. 2202) the 
following:
``SEC. 402A. COST-SHARE REQUIREMENT.
    ``(a) Cost-share Rate.--Subject to subsections (b) and (c), the 
maximum cost-share payment under sections 401 and 402 shall not exceed 
75 percent of the total allowable cost, as determined by the Secretary.
    ``(b) Exception.--Notwithstanding subsection (a), a payment to a 
limited resource farmer or rancher, a socially disadvantaged farmer or 
rancher (as defined in subsection (a) of section 2501 of the Food, 
Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 2279), or a 
beginning farmer or rancher under section 401 or 402 shall not exceed 
90 percent of the total allowable cost, as determined by the Secretary.
    ``(c) Limitation.--The total payment under sections 401 and 402 for 
a single event may not exceed 50 percent of the agriculture value of 
the land, as determined by the Secretary.''.
    (c) Payment Limitations.--Title IV of the Agricultural Credit Act 
of 1978 (16 U.S.C. 2201 et seq.) is amended by inserting after section 
402A (as added by subsection (b)) the following:
``SEC. 402B. PAYMENT LIMITATION.
    ``The maximum payment made under the emergency conservation program 
to an agricultural producer under sections 401 and 402 shall not exceed 
$500,000.''.
    (d) Watershed Protection Program.--Section 403 of the Agricultural 
Credit Act of 1978 (16 U.S.C. 2203) is amended--
        (1) by striking the section heading and inserting ``emergency 
    watershed program''; and
        (2) in subsection (a), by inserting ``watershed protection'' 
    after ``emergency''.
    (e) Funding and Administration.--Section 404 of the Agricultural 
Credit Act of 1978 (16 U.S.C. 2204) is amended--
        (1) in the fourth sentence, by striking ``The Corporation'' and 
    inserting the following:
    ``(d) Limitation.--The Commodity Credit Corporation'';
        (2) in the third sentence (as amended by subsection (a)(2)(A)), 
    by striking ``In implementing the provisions of'' and inserting the 
    following:
    ``(c) Use of Commodity Credit Corporation.--In implementing'';
        (3) by striking the second sentence;
        (4) by striking the section designation and all that follows 
    through ``There are authorized'' in the first sentence and 
    inserting the following:
    ``SEC. 404. FUNDING AND ADMINISTRATION.
    ``(a) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized'';
        (5) in subsection (a) (as so designated), by inserting ``, to 
    remain available until expended'' before the period at the end; and
        (6) by inserting after subsection (a) (as so designated) the 
    following:
    ``(b) Set-aside for Fencing.--Of the amounts made available under 
subsection (a) for a fiscal year, 25 percent shall be set aside until 
April 1 of that fiscal year for the repair or replacement of 
fencing.''.
SEC. 2404. CONSERVATION OF PRIVATE GRAZING LAND.
    Section 1240M of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3839bb) 
is amended--
        (1) in subsection (c)(2), by adding at the end the following:
            ``(C) Partnerships.--In carrying out the program under this 
        section, the Secretary shall provide education and outreach 
        activities through partnerships with--
                ``(i) land-grant colleges and universities (as defined 
            in section 1404 of the National Agricultural Research, 
            Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 
            3103)); and
                ``(ii) nongovernmental organizations.''; and
        (2) in subsection (e), by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
    ``2023''.
SEC. 2405. GRASSROOTS SOURCE WATER PROTECTION PROGRAM.
    (a) Authorization of Appropriations.--Section 1240O(b)(1) of the 
Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3839bb-2(b)(1)) is amended by 
striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.
    (b) Availability of Funds.--Section 1240O(b) of the Food Security 
Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3839bb-2(b)) is amended by adding at the end the 
following:
        ``(3) Additional funding.--In addition to any other funds made 
    available under this subsection, of the funds of the Commodity 
    Credit Corporation, the Secretary shall use $5,000,000 beginning in 
    fiscal year 2019, to remain available until expended.''.
SEC. 2406. VOLUNTARY PUBLIC ACCESS AND HABITAT INCENTIVE PROGRAM.
    Section 1240R of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3839bb-5) 
is amended--
        (1) in subsections (a) and (c), by striking ``grants'' each 
    place it appears and inserting ``funding'';
        (2) in subsections (b) and (d)(2), by striking ``a grant'' each 
    place it appears and inserting ``funding'';
        (3) in subsection (c)(3) (as amended by section 2202(b)(1)), by 
    inserting ``or on land covered by a wetland reserve easement under 
    section 1265C'' before ``by providing''; and
        (4) in subsection (f)--
            (A) in paragraph (1)--
                (i) by striking ``2012 and'' and inserting ``2012,''; 
            and
                (ii) by inserting ``, and $50,000,000 for the period of 
            fiscal years 2019 through 2023'' before the period at the 
            end;
            (B) by redesignating paragraph (2) as paragraph (3); and
            (C) by inserting after paragraph (1) the following:
        ``(2) Enhanced public access to wetland reserve easements.--To 
    the maximum extent practicable, of the funds made available under 
    paragraph (1), the Secretary shall use $3,000,000 for the period of 
    fiscal years 2019 through 2023 to encourage public access to land 
    covered by wetland reserve easements under section 1265C through 
    agreements with States and tribal governments under this 
    section.''.
SEC. 2407. WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT.
    (a) In General.--The Secretary and the Secretary of the Interior 
shall continue to carry out the Working Lands for Wildlife model of 
conservation on working landscapes, as implemented on the day before 
the date of enactment of this Act, in accordance with--
        (1) the document entitled ``Partnership Agreement Between the 
    United States Department of Agriculture Natural Resources 
    Conservation Service and the United States Department of the 
    Interior Fish and Wildlife Service'', numbered A-3A7516-937, and 
    formalized by the Chief of the Natural Resources Conservation 
    Service on September 15, 2016, and by the Director of the United 
    States Fish and Wildlife Service on August 4, 2016, as in effect on 
    September 15, 2016; and
        (2) United States Fish and Wildlife Service Director's Order 
    No. 217, dated August 9, 2016, as in effect on August 9, 2016.
    (b) Expansion of Model.--The Secretary and the Secretary of the 
Interior may expand the conservation model described in subsection (a) 
through a new partnership agreement between the Farm Service Agency and 
the United States Fish and Wildlife Service for the purpose of carrying 
out conservation activities for species conservation.
    (c) Extension of Period of Regulatory Predictability.--
        (1) Definition of period of regulatory predictability.--In this 
    subsection, the term ``period of regulatory predictability'' means 
    the period of regulatory predictability under the Endangered 
    Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) initially determined 
    in accordance with the document and order described in paragraphs 
    (1) and (2), respectively, of subsection (a).
        (2) Extension.--After the period of regulatory predictability, 
    on request of the Secretary, the Secretary of the Interior, acting 
    through the Director of the United States Fish and Wildlife 
    Service, may provide additional consultation under section 7(a)(2) 
    of the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1536(a)(2)), or 
    additional conference under section 7(a)(4) of that Act (16 U.S.C. 
    1536(a)(4)), as applicable, with the Chief of the Natural Resources 
    Conservation Service or the Administrator of the Farm Service 
    Agency, as applicable, to extend the period of regulatory 
    predictability.
SEC. 2408. FERAL SWINE ERADICATION AND CONTROL PILOT PROGRAM.
    (a) In General.--The Secretary shall establish a feral swine 
eradication and control pilot program to respond to the threat feral 
swine pose to agriculture, native ecosystems, and human and animal 
health.
    (b) Duties of the Secretary.--In carrying out the pilot program, 
the Secretary shall--
        (1) study and assess the nature and extent of damage to the 
    pilot areas caused by feral swine;
        (2) develop methods to eradicate or control feral swine in the 
    pilot areas;
        (3) develop methods to restore damage caused by feral swine; 
    and
        (4) provide financial assistance to agricultural producers in 
    pilot areas.
    (c) Assistance.--The Secretary may provide financial assistance to 
agricultural producers under the pilot program to implement methods 
to--
        (1) eradicate or control feral swine in the pilot areas; and
        (2) restore damage caused by feral swine.
    (d) Coordination.--The Secretary shall ensure that the Natural 
Resources Conservation Service and the Animal and Plant Health 
Inspection Service coordinate for purposes of this section through 
State technical committees established under section 1261(a) of the 
Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3861(a)).
    (e) Pilot Areas.--The Secretary shall carry out the pilot program 
in areas of States in which feral swine have been identified as a 
threat to agriculture, native ecosystems, or human or animal health, as 
determined by the Secretary.
    (f) Cost Sharing.--
        (1) Federal share.--The Federal share of the costs of 
    activities under the pilot program may not exceed 75 percent of the 
    total costs of such activities.
        (2) In-kind contributions.--The non-Federal share of the costs 
    of activities under the pilot program may be provided in the form 
    of in-kind contributions of materials or services.
    (g) Funding.--
        (1) Mandatory funding.--Of the funds of the Commodity Credit 
    Corporation, the Secretary shall use to carry out this section 
    $75,000,000 for the period of fiscal years 2019 through 2023.
        (2) Distribution of funds.--Of the funds made available under 
    paragraph (1)--
            (A) 50 percent shall be allocated to the Natural Resources 
        Conservation Service to carry out the pilot program, including 
        the provision of financial assistance to producers for on-farm 
        trapping and technology related to capturing and confining 
        feral swine; and
            (B) 50 percent shall be allocated to the Animal and Plant 
        Health Inspection Service to carry out the pilot program, 
        including the use of established, and testing of innovative, 
        population reduction methods.
        (3) Limitation on administrative expenses.--Not more than 10 
    percent of funds made available under this section may be used for 
    administrative expenses of the pilot program.
SEC. 2409. REPORT ON SMALL WETLANDS.
    (a) In General.--The Secretary, acting through the Chief of the 
Natural Resources Conservation Service, shall submit to the Committee 
on Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the Committee on 
Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report describing 
the number of wetlands with an area not more than 1 acre that have been 
delineated in each of the States of North Dakota, South Dakota, 
Minnesota, and Iowa during fiscal years 2014 through 2018.
    (b) Requirement.--In the report under subsection (a), the 
Secretary, acting through the Chief of the Natural Resources 
Conservation Service, shall list the number of wetlands acres in each 
State described in the report by tenths of an acre, and ensure the 
report is based on the best available science.
SEC. 2410. SENSE OF CONGRESS RELATING TO INCREASED WATERSHED-BASED 
COLLABORATION.
    It is the sense of Congress that the Federal Government should 
recognize and encourage partnerships at the watershed level between 
nonpoint sources and regulated point sources to advance the goals of 
the Federal Water Pollution Control Act (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.) and 
provide benefits to farmers, landowners, and the public.

                 Subtitle E--Funding and Administration

SEC. 2501. COMMODITY CREDIT CORPORATION.
    (a) Annual Funding.--Section 1241(a) of the Food Security Act of 
1985 (16 U.S.C. 3841(a)) is amended--
        (1) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by striking ``2018 
    (and fiscal year 2019 in the case of the program specified in 
    paragraph (5))'' and inserting ``2023'';
        (2) in paragraph (1)--
            (A) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``$10,000,000 for the 
        period of fiscal years 2014 through 2018'' and inserting 
        ``$12,000,000 for the period of fiscal years 2019 through 
        2023''; and
            (B) in subparagraph (B)--
                (i) by striking ``$33,000,000 for the period of fiscal 
            years 2014 through 2018'' and inserting ``$50,000,000 for 
            the period of fiscal years 2019 through 2023, including not 
            more than $5,000,000 to provide outreach and technical 
            assistance,''; and
                (ii) by striking ``retired or retiring owners and 
            operators'' and inserting ``contract holders'';
        (3) in paragraph (2)--
            (A) in subparagraph (D), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (B) in subparagraph (E), by striking the period at the end 
        and inserting ``; and''; and
            (C) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(F) $450,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2019 through 
        2023.'';
        (4) by striking paragraph (3) and inserting the following:
        ``(3) The programs under chapter 4, using, to the maximum 
    extent practicable--
            ``(A) for the environmental quality incentives program 
        under subchapter A of that chapter--
                ``(i) $1,750,000,000 for fiscal year 2019;
                ``(ii) $1,750,000,000 for fiscal year 2020;
                ``(iii) $1,800,000,000 for fiscal year 2021;
                ``(iv) $1,850,000,000 for fiscal year 2022; and
                ``(v) $2,025,000,000 for fiscal year 2023; and
            ``(B) for the conservation stewardship program under 
        subchapter B of that chapter--
                ``(i) $700,000,000 for fiscal year 2019;
                ``(ii) $725,000,000 for fiscal year 2020;
                ``(iii) $750,000,000 for fiscal year 2021;
                ``(iv) $800,000,000 for fiscal year 2022; and
                ``(v) $1,000,000,000 for fiscal year 2023.'';
        (5) in paragraph (4), by inserting ``(as in effect on the day 
    before the date of enactment of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 
    2018), using such sums as are necessary to administer contracts 
    entered into before that date of enactment'' before the period at 
    the end; and
        (6) by striking paragraph (5).
    (b) Availability of Funds.--Section 1241(b) of the Food Security 
Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3841(b)) is amended by striking ``2018 (and 
fiscal year 2019 in the case of the program specified in subsection 
(a)(5))'' and inserting ``2023''.
    (c) Report on Program Enrollments and Assistance.--Section 1241(i) 
of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3841(i)) is amended to read 
as follows:
    ``(i) Report on Program Enrollments and Assistance.--Not later than 
December 15 of each of calendar years 2019 through 2023, the Secretary 
shall submit to the Committee on Agriculture of the House of 
Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and 
Forestry of the Senate an annual report containing statistics by State 
related to enrollments in conservation programs under this title, as 
follows:
        ``(1) The annual and current cumulative activity reflecting 
    active agreement and contract enrollment statistics.
        ``(2) Secretarial exceptions, waivers, and significant 
    payments, including--
            ``(A) payments made under the agricultural conservation 
        easement program for easements valued at $250,000 or greater;
            ``(B) payments made under the regional conservation 
        partnership program subject to the waiver of adjusted gross 
        income limitations pursuant to section 1271C(c)(3);
            ``(C) waivers granted by the Secretary under section 
        1001D(b)(3);
            ``(D) exceptions and activity associated with section 
        1240B(h)(2); and
            ``(E) exceptions provided by the Secretary under section 
        1265B(b)(2)(B)(ii).''.
    (d) Allocations Review and Update.--Section 1241(g) of the Food 
Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3841(g)) is amended--
        (1) in paragraph (1)--
            (A) by striking ``January'' and all that follows through 
        ``shall'' and inserting ``1 year after the date of enactment of 
        the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018, the Secretary, acting 
        through the Chief of the Natural Resources Conservation Service 
        and the Administrator of the Farm Service Agency, shall'';
            (B) by inserting ``annual'' after ``utilize''; and
            (C) by inserting ``relevant data on local natural resource 
        concerns, resource inventories, evaluations and reports, 
        recommendations from State technical committees established 
        under section 1261(a),'' after ``accounting for''; and
        (2) in paragraph (2)--
            (A) by striking ``that the formulas'' and inserting the 
        following: ``that--
            ``(A) the formulas'';
            (B) in subparagraph (A) (as so designated), by striking the 
        period at the end and inserting a semicolon; and
            (C) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(B) to the maximum extent practicable, local natural 
        resource concerns are considered a leading factor in 
        determining annual funding allocation to States;
            ``(C) the process used at the national level to evaluate 
        State budget proposals and to allocate funds is reviewed 
        annually to assess the effect of allocations in addressing 
        identified natural resource priorities and objectives; and
            ``(D) the allocation of funds to States addresses priority 
        natural resource concerns and objectives.''.
    (e) Assistance to Certain Farmers or Ranchers for Conservation 
Access.--Section 1241(h) of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 
3841(h)) is amended--
        (1) in paragraph (1)--
            (A) by redesignating subparagraphs (A) and (B) as clauses 
        (i) and (ii), respectively, and indenting appropriately;
            (B) in the matter preceding clause (i) (as so 
        redesignated), by striking ``Of the funds'' and inserting the 
        following:
            ``(A) Fiscal years 2009 through 2018.--Of the funds''; and
            (C) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(B) Fiscal years 2019 through 2023.--Of the funds made 
        available for each of fiscal years 2019 through 2023 to carry 
        out the environmental quality incentives program under 
        subchapter A of chapter 4 of subtitle D and the conservation 
        stewardship program under subchapter B of chapter 4 of subtitle 
        D, the Secretary shall use, to the maximum extent practicable--
                ``(i) 5 percent to assist beginning farmers or 
            ranchers; and
                ``(ii) 5 percent to assist socially disadvantaged 
            farmers or ranchers.'';
        (2) in paragraph (2), by inserting ``and, in the case of fiscal 
    years 2019 through 2023, under the conservation stewardship program 
    under subchapter B of chapter 4 of subtitle D'' before the period 
    at the end;
        (3) in paragraph (3), by striking ``year, acres not obligated 
    under paragraph (1)'' and inserting ``year through fiscal year 
    2018, acres not obligated under paragraph (1)(A)''; and
        (4) in paragraph (4), by striking ``subparagraph (A) or (B) of 
    paragraph (1)'' and inserting ``, as applicable, clause (i) or (ii) 
    of paragraph (1)(A) or clause (i) or (ii) of paragraph (1)(B)''.
    (f) Conservation Standards and Requirements.--Section 1241 of the 
Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3841) is amended by adding at the 
end the following:
    ``(j) Conservation Standards and Requirements.--
        ``(1) In general.--Subject to the requirements of this title, 
    the Natural Resources Conservation Service shall serve as the lead 
    agency in developing and establishing technical standards and 
    requirements for conservation programs carried out under this 
    title, including--
            ``(A) standards for conservation practices under this 
        title;
            ``(B) technical guidelines for implementing conservation 
        practices under this title, including the location of the 
        conservation practices; and
            ``(C) standards for conservation plans.
        ``(2) Consistency of farm service agency technical standards 
    and payment rates.--The Administrator of the Farm Service Agency 
    shall ensure that--
            ``(A) technical standards of programs administered by the 
        Farm Service Agency are consistent with the technical standards 
        established by the Natural Resources Conservation Service under 
        paragraph (1); and
            ``(B) payment rates, to the extent practicable, are 
        consistent between the Farm Service Agency and the Natural 
        Resources Conservation Service.''.
SEC. 2502. DELIVERY OF TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE.
    (a) Definitions.--Section 1242(a) of the Food Security Act of 1985 
(16 U.S.C. 3842(a)) is amended to read as follows:
    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
        ``(1) Eligible participant.--The term `eligible participant' 
    means a producer, landowner, or entity that is participating in, or 
    seeking to participate in, programs in which the producer, 
    landowner, or entity is otherwise eligible to participate under 
    this title or the agricultural management assistance program under 
    section 524(b) of the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 
    1524(b)).
        ``(2) Third-party provider.--The term `third-party provider' 
    means a commercial entity (including a farmer cooperative, 
    agriculture retailer, or other commercial entity (as defined by the 
    Secretary)), a nonprofit entity, a State or local government 
    (including a conservation district), or a Federal agency, that has 
    expertise in the technical aspect of conservation planning, 
    including nutrient management planning, watershed planning, or 
    environmental engineering.''.
    (b) Certification Process.--Section 1242(e) of the Food Security 
Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3842(e)) is amended by adding at the end the 
following:
        ``(4) Certification process.--The Secretary shall certify a 
    third-party provider through--
            ``(A) a certification process administered by the 
        Secretary, acting through the Chief of the Natural Resources 
        Conservation Service; or
            ``(B) a non-Federal entity approved by the Secretary to 
        perform the certification.
        ``(5) Streamlined certification.--The Secretary shall provide a 
    streamlined certification process for a third-party provider that 
    has an appropriate specialty certification, including a 
    sustainability certification.''.
    (c) Expedited Revision of Standards.--Section 1242(h) of the Food 
Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3842(h)) is amended--
        (1) in paragraph (1)--
            (A) by striking subparagraph (A) and inserting the 
        following:
            ``(A) not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of 
        the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018, complete a review of 
        each conservation practice standard, including engineering 
        design specifications, in effect on the day before the date of 
        enactment of that Act;'';
            (B) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (C) in subparagraph (C), by striking the period at the end 
        and inserting ``; and''; and
            (D) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(D) evaluate opportunities to increase flexibility in 
        conservation practice standards in a manner that ensures 
        equivalent natural resource benefits.'';
        (2) in paragraph (2), by inserting ``State technical committees 
    established under section 1261(a),'' before ``crop consultants''; 
    and
        (3) by striking paragraph (3) and inserting the following:
        ``(3) Expedited revision of standards.--Not later than 1 year 
    after the date of enactment of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 
    2018, the Secretary shall develop for the programs under this title 
    an administrative process for--
            ``(A) expediting the establishment and revision of 
        conservation practice standards;
            ``(B) considering conservation innovations and scientific 
        and technological advancements with respect to any 
        establishment or revision under subparagraph (A);
            ``(C) allowing local flexibility in the creation of--
                ``(i) interim practice standards and supplements to 
            existing practice standards to address the considerations 
            described in subparagraph (B); and
                ``(ii) partnership-led proposals for new and innovative 
            techniques to facilitate implementing agreements and grants 
            under this title; and
            ``(D) soliciting regular input from State technical 
        committees established under section 1261(a) for 
        recommendations that identify innovations or advancements 
        described in subparagraph (B).
        ``(4) Report.--Not later than 2 years after the date of 
    enactment of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018, and every 2 
    years thereafter, the Secretary shall submit to Congress a report 
    on--
            ``(A) the administrative process developed under paragraph 
        (3);
            ``(B) conservation practice standards that were established 
        or revised under that process; and
            ``(C) conservation innovations that were considered under 
        that process.''.
SEC. 2503. ADMINISTRATIVE REQUIREMENTS FOR CONSERVATION PROGRAMS.
    (a) Acreage Limitations.--Section 1244(f) of the Food Security Act 
of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3844(f)) is amended--
        (1) in paragraph (1)(B), by striking ``10'' and inserting 
    ``15''; and
        (2) in paragraph (5), by striking ``the Agricultural Act of 
    2014'' and inserting ``the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018''.
    (b) Requirements for Conservation Programs.--Section 1244 of the 
Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3844) is amended--
        (1) by striking subsection (m);
        (2) by redesignating subsections (j) through (l) as subsections 
    (k) through (m), respectively; and
        (3) by inserting after subsection (i) the following:
    ``(j) Review and Guidance for Practice Costs and Payment Rates.--
        ``(1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
    enactment of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018, and not later 
    than October 1 of each year thereafter, the Secretary shall--
            ``(A) review the estimates for practice costs and rates of 
        payments made to producers for practices on eligible land under 
        this title; and
            ``(B) evaluate whether those costs and rates reflect a 
        payment that--
                ``(i) encourages participation in a conservation 
            program administered by the Secretary;
                ``(ii) encourages implementation of the most effective 
            practices to address local natural resource concerns on 
            eligible land; and
                ``(iii) accounts for regional, State, and local 
            variability relating to the complexity, implementation, and 
            adoption of practices on eligible land.
        ``(2) Guidance; review.--The Secretary shall--
            ``(A) issue guidance to States to annually review and 
        adjust the estimates for practice costs and rates of payments 
        made to producers to reflect the evaluation factors described 
        in paragraph (1)(B); and
            ``(B) determine the appropriate practice costs and rates of 
        payments for each State by--
                ``(i) annually reviewing each conservation program 
            payment schedule and payment rate used in the State; and
                ``(ii) consulting with the State technical committee 
            established under section 1261(a) in that State.''.
    (c) Funding for Indian Tribes.--Section 1244(m) of the Food 
Security Act of 1985 (as redesignated by subsection (b)(2)) is 
amended--
        (1) by striking ``may'' and inserting ``shall'';
        (2) by striking ``that the goals'' and inserting the following: 
    ``that--
        ``(1) the goals'';
        (3) in paragraph (1) (as so designated), by striking 
    ``arrangements, and that statutory'' and inserting the following: 
    ``arrangements;
        ``(2) a sufficient number of eligible participants will be 
    aggregated under the alternative funding arrangement to accomplish 
    the underlying purposes and objectives of the applicable program; 
    and
        ``(3) statutory''; and
        (4) in paragraph (3) (as so designated), by striking the period 
    at the end and inserting ``, except that the Secretary may approve 
    a waiver if the Secretary is authorized to approve a waiver under 
    the statutory authority of the applicable program.''.
    (d) Source Water Protection Through Targeting of Agricultural 
Practices.--Section 1244 of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 
3844) (as amended by subsection (b)) is amended by adding at the end 
the following:
    ``(n) Source Water Protection Through Targeting of Agricultural 
Practices.--
        ``(1) In general.--In carrying out any conservation program 
    administered by the Secretary, the Secretary shall encourage 
    practices that relate to water quality and water quantity that 
    protect source water for drinking water (including protecting 
    against public health threats) while also benefitting agricultural 
    producers.
        ``(2) Collaboration with water systems and increased 
    incentives.--
            ``(A) In general.--In encouraging practices under paragraph 
        (1), the Secretary shall--
                ``(i) work collaboratively with community water systems 
            and State technical committees established under section 
            1261(a) to identify, in each State, local priority areas 
            for the protection of source waters for drinking water; and
                ``(ii) subject to subparagraph (B), for practices 
            described in paragraph (1), offer to producers increased 
            incentives and higher payment rates than are otherwise 
            statutorily authorized by the applicable conservation 
            program administered by the Secretary.
            ``(B) Limitation.--An increased payment under subparagraph 
        (A)(ii) shall not exceed 90 percent of practice costs 
        associated with planning, design, materials, equipment, 
        installation, labor, management, maintenance, or training.
        ``(3) Reservation of funds.--
            ``(A) In general.--In each of fiscal years 2019 through 
        2023, the Secretary shall use to carry out this subsection not 
        less than 10 percent of any funds available for conservation 
        programs administered by the Secretary under this title (other 
        than the conservation reserve program established under 
        subchapter B of chapter 1 of subtitle D).
            ``(B) Limitation.--Funds available for a specific 
        conservation program shall not be transferred to fund a 
        different conservation program under this title.''.
    (e) Environmental Services Market.--Section 1244 of the Food 
Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3844) (as amended by subsection (d)) is 
amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(o) Environmental Services Market.--The Secretary may not 
prohibit, through a contract, easement, or agreement under this title, 
a participant in a conservation program administered by the Secretary 
under this title from participating in, and receiving compensation 
from, an environmental services market if 1 of the purposes of the 
market is the facilitation of additional conservation benefits that are 
consistent with the purposes of the conservation program administered 
by the Secretary.''.
    (f) Regulatory Certainty.--Section 1244 of the Food Security Act of 
1985 (16 U.S.C. 3844) (as amended by subsection (e)) is amended by 
adding at the end the following:
    ``(p) Regulatory Certainty.--
        ``(1) In general.--In addition to technical and programmatic 
    information that the Secretary is otherwise authorized to provide, 
    on request of a Federal agency, a State, an Indian tribe, or a unit 
    of local government, the Secretary may provide technical and 
    programmatic information--
            ``(A) subject to paragraph (2), to the Federal agency, 
        State, Indian tribe, or unit of local government to support 
        specifically the development of mechanisms that would provide 
        regulatory certainty, regulatory predictability, safe harbor 
        protection, or other similar regulatory assurances to a farmer, 
        rancher, or private nonindustrial forest landowner under a 
        regulatory requirement--
                ``(i) that relates to soil, water, or wildlife; and
                ``(ii) over which that Federal agency, State, Indian 
            tribe, or unit of local government has authority; and
            ``(B) relating to conservation practices or activities that 
        could be implemented by a farmer, rancher, or private 
        nonindustrial forest landowner to address a targeted soil, 
        water, or wildlife resource concern that is the direct subject 
        of a regulatory requirement enforced by that Federal agency, 
        State, Indian tribe, or unit of local government, as 
        applicable.
        ``(2) Mechanisms.--The Secretary shall only provide additional 
    technical and programmatic information under paragraph (1) if the 
    mechanisms to be developed by the Federal agency, State, Indian 
    tribe, or unit of local government, as applicable, under paragraph 
    (1)(A) are anticipated to include, at a minimum--
            ``(A) the implementation of 1 or more conservation 
        practices or activities that effectively addresses the soil, 
        water, or wildlife resource concern identified under paragraph 
        (1);
            ``(B) the on-site confirmation that the applicable 
        conservation practices or activities identified under 
        subparagraph (A) have been implemented;
            ``(C) a plan for a periodic audit, as appropriate, of the 
        continued implementation or maintenance of each of the 
        conservation practices or activities identified under 
        subparagraph (A); and
            ``(D) notification to a farmer, rancher, or private 
        nonindustrial forest landowner of, and an opportunity to 
        correct, any noncompliance with a requirement to obtain 
        regulatory certainty, regulatory predictability, safe harbor 
        protection, or other similar regulatory assurance.
        ``(3) Continuing current collaboration on soil, water, or 
    wildlife conservation practices.--The Secretary shall--
            ``(A) continue collaboration with Federal agencies, States, 
        Indian tribes, or local units of government on existing 
        regulatory certainty, regulatory predictability, safe harbor 
        protection, or other similar regulatory assurances in 
        accordance with paragraph (2); and
            ``(B) continue collaboration with the Secretary of the 
        Interior on consultation under section 7(a)(2) of the 
        Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1536(a)(2)) or 
        conference under section 7(a)(4) of that Act (16 U.S.C. 
        1536(a)(4)), as applicable, for wildlife conservation efforts, 
        including the Working Lands for Wildlife model of conservation 
        on working landscapes, as implemented on the day before the 
        date of enactment of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018, 
        in accordance with--
                ``(i) the document entitled `Partnership Agreement 
            Between the United States Department of Agriculture Natural 
            Resources Conservation Service and the United States 
            Department of the Interior Fish and Wildlife Service', 
            numbered A-3A75-16-937, and formalized by the Chief of the 
            Natural Resources Conservation Service on September 15, 
            2016, and by the Director of the United States Fish and 
            Wildlife Service on August 4, 2016, as in effect on 
            September 15, 2016; and
                ``(ii) United States Fish and Wildlife Service 
            Director's Order No. 217, dated August 9, 2016, as in 
            effect on August 9, 2016.
        ``(4) Savings clause.--Nothing in this subsection--
            ``(A) preempts, displaces, or supplants any authority or 
        right of a Federal agency, a State, an Indian tribe, or a unit 
        of local government;
            ``(B) modifies or otherwise affects, preempts, or 
        displaces--
                ``(i) any cause of action; or
                ``(ii) a provision of Federal or State law establishing 
            a remedy for a civil or criminal cause of action; or
            ``(C) applies to a case in which the Department of 
        Agriculture is the originating agency requesting a consultation 
        or other technical and programmatic information or assistance 
        from another Federal agency in assisting farmers, ranchers, or 
        nonindustrial private forest landowners participating in a 
        conservation program administered by the Secretary.''.
SEC. 2504. TEMPORARY ADMINISTRATION OF CONSERVATION PROGRAMS.
    (a) Interim Administration.--Subject to subsection (d), the 
Secretary shall use the applicable regulations in effect on the day 
before the date of enactment of this Act, to the extent that the terms 
and conditions of those regulations are consistent with the amendments 
made by this title, to carry out the programs under laws as amended by 
this title, including--
        (1) the conservation reserve program under subchapter B of 
    chapter 1 of subtitle D of title XII of the Food Security Act of 
    1985 (16 U.S.C. 3831 et seq.) (as amended by subtitle B);
        (2) the environmental quality incentives program under 
    subchapter A of chapter 4 of subtitle D of title XII of the Food 
    Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3839aa et seq) (as added by section 
    2301(a)(1) and amended by subtitle C);
        (3) the conservation stewardship program under subchapter B of 
    chapter 4 of subtitle D of title XII of the Food Security Act of 
    1985 (as added by subsections (a)(2) and (b) of section 2301 and 
    amended by subtitle C); and
        (4) the agricultural conservation easement program established 
    under subtitle H of title XII of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 
    U.S.C. 3865 et seq.) (as amended by subtitle F).
    (b) Regional Conservation Partnership Program.--Notwithstanding 
subsection (e) of section 1271E of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 
U.S.C. 3871e) (as amended by section 2706), and subject to subsection 
(d), for fiscal year 2019, the Secretary may use an availability of 
program funding announcement consistent with the amendments made by 
subtitle G to carry out the regional conservation partnership program 
under subtitle I of title XII of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 
U.S.C. 3871 et seq.) without issuing a regulation.
    (c) Funding.--The Secretary may only use funds authorized to be 
made available by this title or the amendments made by this title for 
the specific programs described in paragraphs (1) through (4) of 
subsection (a) and subsection (b), in accordance with any restrictions 
on the use of those funds, for the purposes described in subsections 
(a) and (b).
    (d) Termination of Authority.--The authority of the Secretary to 
carry out subsections (a) and (b) shall terminate on September 30, 
2019.
    (e) Permanent Administration.--Effective beginning on the 
termination date described in subsection (d), the Secretary shall carry 
out this title and the amendments made by this title in accordance with 
such final regulations as the Secretary considers necessary to carry 
out this title and the amendments made by this title.

         Subtitle F--Agricultural Conservation Easement Program

SEC. 2601. ESTABLISHMENT AND PURPOSES.
    Section 1265(b) of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 
3865(b)) is amended--
        (1) in paragraph (3), by inserting ``that negatively affect the 
    agricultural uses and conservation values'' after ``that land''; 
    and
        (2) in paragraph (4), by striking ``restoring and'' and 
    inserting ``restoring or''.
SEC. 2602. DEFINITIONS.
    Section 1265A of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3865a) is 
amended--
        (1) in paragraph(1)(B), by striking ``subject to an 
    agricultural land easement plan, as approved by the Secretary'';
        (2) by redesignating paragraphs (2), (3), (4), and (5) as 
    paragraphs (3), (4), (6), and (7), respectively;
        (3) by inserting after paragraph (1) the following:
        ``(2) Buy-protect-sell transaction.--
            ``(A) In general.--The term `buy-protect-sell transaction' 
        means a legal arrangement--
                ``(i) between an eligible entity and the Secretary 
            relating to land that an eligible entity owns or is going 
            to purchase prior to acquisition of an agricultural land 
            easement;
                ``(ii) under which the eligible entity certifies to the 
            Secretary that the eligible entity shall--

                    ``(I)(aa) hold an agricultural land easement on 
                that land, but transfer ownership of the land to a 
                farmer or rancher that is not an eligible entity prior 
                to or on acquisition of the agricultural land easement; 
                or
                    ``(bb) hold an agricultural land easement on that 
                land, but transfer ownership of the land to a farmer or 
                rancher that is not an eligible entity in a timely 
                manner and, subject to subparagraph (B), not later than 
                3 years after the date of acquisition of the 
                agricultural land easement; and
                    ``(II) make an initial sale of the land subject to 
                the agricultural land easement to a farmer or rancher 
                at not more than agricultural value, plus any 
                reasonable holding and transaction costs incurred by 
                the eligible entity, as determined by the Secretary; 
                and

                ``(iii) under which the Secretary shall be reimbursed 
            for the entirety of the Federal share of the cost of the 
            agricultural land easement by the eligible entity if the 
            eligible entity fails to transfer ownership under item (aa) 
            or (bb), as applicable, of clause (ii)(I).
            ``(B) Time extension.--Under subparagraph (A)(ii)(I)(bb), 
        an eligible entity may transfer land later than 3 years after 
        the date of acquisition of the agricultural land easement if 
        the Secretary determines an extension of time is justified.'';
        (4) in paragraph (4) (as so redesignated)--
            (A) in subparagraph (A)(i)--
                (i) by striking ``to a'' and inserting the following: 
            ``to--

                    ``(I) a'';

                (ii) in subclause (I) (as so designated), by adding 
            ``or'' at the end; and
                (iii) by adding at the end the following:

                    ``(II) a buy-protect-sell transaction;''; and

            (B) in subparagraph (B)(i)(II), by striking ``, as 
        determined by the Secretary in consultation with the Secretary 
        of the Interior at the local level''; and
        (5) by inserting after paragraph (4) (as so redesignated) the 
    following:
        ``(5) Monitoring report.--The term `monitoring report' means a 
    report, the contents of which are formulated and prepared by the 
    holder of an agricultural land easement, that accurately documents 
    whether the land subject to the agricultural land easement is in 
    compliance with the terms and conditions of the agricultural land 
    easement.''.
SEC. 2603. AGRICULTURAL LAND EASEMENTS.
    (a) Availability of Assistance.--Section 1265B(a) of the Food 
Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3865b(a)) is amended--
        (1) in paragraph (1), by striking ``and'' at the end;
        (2) in paragraph (2), by striking ``provide for the 
    conservation of natural resources pursuant to an agricultural land 
    easement plan.'' and inserting ``implement the program, including 
    technical assistance for the development of a conservation plan 
    under subsection (b)(4)(C)(iv); and''; and
        (3) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(3) buy-protect-sell transactions.''.
    (b) Cost-share Assistance.--
        (1) Scope of assistance available.--Section 1265B(b)(2) of the 
    Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3865b(b)(2)) is amended--
            (A) in subparagraph (B), by striking clause (ii) and 
        inserting the following:
                ``(ii) Grasslands exception.--In the case of grassland 
            of special environmental significance, as determined by the 
            Secretary, the Secretary may provide an amount not to 
            exceed 75 percent of the fair market value of the 
            agricultural land easement.
                ``(iii) Permissible forms.--The non-Federal share 
            provided by an eligible entity under this subparagraph may 
            comprise--

                    ``(I) cash resources;
                    ``(II) a charitable donation or qualified 
                conservation contribution (as defined in section 170(h) 
                of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986) from the private 
                landowner from which the agricultural land easement 
                will be purchased;
                    ``(III) costs associated with securing a deed to 
                the agricultural land easement, including the cost of 
                appraisal, survey, inspection, and title; and
                    ``(IV) other costs, as determined by the 
                Secretary.''; and

            (B) by striking subparagraph (C).
        (2) Evaluation and ranking of applications.--Section 
    1265B(b)(3) of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 
    3865b(b)(3)) is amended--
            (A) by redesignating subparagraph (C) as subparagraph (E); 
        and
            (B) by inserting after subparagraph (B) the following:
            ``(C) Accounting for geographic differences.--The Secretary 
        may adjust the criteria established under subparagraph (A) to 
        account for geographic differences, if the adjustments--
                ``(i) meet the purposes of the program; and
                ``(ii) continue to maximize the benefit of the Federal 
            investment under the program.
            ``(D) Priority.--In evaluating applications under the 
        program, the Secretary may give priority to an application for 
        the purchase of an agricultural land easement that, as 
        determined by the Secretary, maintains agricultural 
        viability.''.
        (3) Agreements with eligible entities.--Section 1265B(b)(4) of 
    the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3865b(b)(4)) is amended--
            (A) in subparagraph (C), by striking clauses (iii) and (iv) 
        and inserting the following:
                ``(iii) include a right of enforcement for the 
            Secretary that--

                    ``(I) may be used only if the terms and conditions 
                of the easement are not enforced by the eligible 
                entity; and
                    ``(II) does not extend to a right of inspection 
                unless--

                        ``(aa)(AA) the holder of the easement fails to 
                    provide monitoring reports in a timely manner; or
                        ``(BB) the Secretary has a reasonable and 
                    articulable belief that the terms and conditions of 
                    the easement have been violated; and
                        ``(bb) prior to the inspection, the Secretary 
                    notifies the eligible entity and the landowner of 
                    the inspection and provides a reasonable 
                    opportunity for the eligible entity and the 
                    landowner to participate in the inspection;
                ``(iv) include a conservation plan only for any portion 
            of the land subject to the agricultural land easement that 
            is highly erodible cropland; and'';
            (B) by redesignating subparagraphs (D) and (E) as 
        subparagraphs (E) and (F), respectively; and
            (C) by inserting after subparagraph (C) the following:
            ``(D) Additional permitted terms and conditions.--An 
        eligible entity may include terms and conditions for an 
        agricultural land easement that--
                ``(i) are intended to keep the land subject to the 
            agricultural land easement under the ownership of a farmer 
            or rancher, as determined by the Secretary;
                ``(ii) allow subsurface mineral development on the land 
            subject to the agricultural land easement and in accordance 
            with applicable State law if, as determined by the 
            Secretary--

                    ``(I) the subsurface mineral development--

                        ``(aa) has a limited and localized impact;
                        ``(bb) does not harm the agricultural use and 
                    conservation values of the land subject to the 
                    easement;
                        ``(cc) does not materially alter or affect the 
                    existing topography;
                        ``(dd) shall comply with a subsurface mineral 
                    development plan that--
                            ``(AA) includes a plan for the remediation 
                        of impacts to the agricultural use and 
                        conservation values of the land subject to the 
                        easement; and
                            ``(BB) is approved by the Secretary prior 
                        to the initiation of mineral development 
                        activity;
                        ``(ee) is not accomplished by any surface 
                    mining method;
                        ``(ff) is within the impervious surface limits 
                    of the easement under subparagraph (C)(v); and
                        ``(gg) uses practices and technologies that 
                    minimize the duration and intensity of impacts to 
                    the agricultural use and conservation values of the 
                    land subject to the easement; and

                    ``(II) each area impacted by the subsurface mineral 
                development shall be reclaimed and restored by the 
                holder of the mineral rights at cessation of operation; 
                and

                ``(iii) include other relevant activities relating to 
            the agricultural land easement, as determined by the 
            Secretary.''.
        (4) Certification of eligible entities.--Section 1265B(b)(5) of 
    the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3865b(b)(5)) is amended--
            (A) in subparagraph (A)--
                (i) in clause (ii), by striking ``; and'' and inserting 
            a semicolon;
                (ii) in clause (iii), by striking the period at the end 
            and inserting ``; and''; and
                (iii) by adding at the end the following:
                ``(iv) allow a certified eligible entity to use its own 
            terms and conditions, notwithstanding paragraph (4)(C), as 
            long as the terms and conditions are consistent with the 
            purposes of the program.''; and
            (B) in subparagraph (B)--
                (i) in clause (iii), by redesignating subclauses (I) 
            through (III) as items (aa) through (cc), respectively, and 
            indenting appropriately;
                (ii) by redesignating clauses (i) through (iii) as 
            subclauses (I) through (III), respectively, and indenting 
            appropriately;
                (iii) in the matter preceding subclause (I) (as so 
            redesignated), by striking ``entity will'' and inserting 
            the following: ``eligible entity--
                ``(i) will'';
                (iv) in clause (i)(III)(cc) (as so redesignated), by 
            striking the period at the end and inserting a semicolon; 
            and
                (v) by adding at the end the following:
                ``(ii) has--

                    ``(I) been accredited by the Land Trust 
                Accreditation Commission, or by an equivalent 
                accrediting body, as determined by the Secretary;
                    ``(II) acquired not fewer than 10 agricultural land 
                easements under the program or any predecessor program; 
                and
                    ``(III) successfully met the responsibilities of 
                the eligible entity under the applicable agreements 
                with the Secretary, as determined by the Secretary, 
                relating to agricultural land easements that the 
                eligible entity has acquired under the program or any 
                predecessor program; or

                ``(iii) is a State department of agriculture or other 
            State agency with statutory authority for farm and 
            ranchland protection that has--

                    ``(I) acquired not fewer than 10 agricultural land 
                easements under the program or any predecessor program; 
                and
                    ``(II) successfully met the responsibilities of the 
                eligible entity under the applicable agreements with 
                the Secretary, as determined by the Secretary, relating 
                to agricultural land easements that the eligible entity 
                has acquired under the program or any predecessor 
                program.''.

        (5) Technical assistance.--Section 1265B of the Food Security 
    Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3865b) is amended by striking subsection (d) 
    and inserting the following:
    ``(d) Technical Assistance.--The Secretary may provide technical 
assistance, if requested, to assist in compliance with the terms and 
conditions of easements.''.
SEC. 2604. WETLAND RESERVE EASEMENTS.
    Section 1265C of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3865c) is 
amended--
        (1) in subsection (b)--
            (A) in paragraph (3)(C), by inserting ``or improving water 
        quality'' before the period at the end; and
            (B) in paragraph (5)--
                (i) in subparagraph (C)--

                    (I) by striking ``Land subject'' and inserting the 
                following:

                ``(i) In general.--Land subject'';

                    (II) in clause (i) (as so designated), by inserting 
                ``water management,'' after ``timber harvest,''; and
                    (III) by adding at the end the following:

                ``(ii) Compatible use authorization.--In evaluating and 
            authorizing a compatible economic use under clause (i), the 
            Secretary shall--

                    ``(I) request and consider the advice of the 
                applicable State technical committee established under 
                section 1261(a) about the 1 or more types of uses that 
                may be authorized to be conducted on land subject to a 
                wetland reserve easement, including the frequency, 
                timing, and intensity of those uses;
                    ``(II) consider the ability of an authorized use to 
                facilitate the practical administration and management 
                of that land; and
                    ``(III) ensure that an authorized use furthers the 
                functions and values for which the wetland reserve 
                easement was established.''; and

                (ii) in subparagraph (D)(i)(III), by inserting after 
            ``under subsection (f)'' the following: ``or a grazing 
            management plan that is consistent with the wetland reserve 
            easement plan and has been reviewed, and modified as 
            necessary, at least every 5 years''; and
        (2) in subsection (f)--
            (A) by striking paragraph (1) and inserting the following:
        ``(1) Wetland reserve easement plan.--
            ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall develop a wetland 
        reserve easement plan--
                ``(i) for any eligible land subject to a wetland 
            reserve easement; and
                ``(ii) that restores, protects, enhances, manages, 
            maintains, and monitors the eligible land subject to the 
            wetland reserve easements acquired under this section.
            ``(B) Practices and activities.--A wetland reserve easement 
        plan under subparagraph (A) shall include practices and 
        activities, including repair or replacement, that are necessary 
        to restore and maintain the enrolled land and the functions and 
        values of the wetland subject to a wetland reserve easement.'';
            (B) by redesignating paragraphs (2) and (3) as paragraphs 
        (3) and (4), respectively; and
            (C) by inserting after paragraph (1) the following:
        ``(2) Alternative plant communities.--The Secretary, in 
    coordination with State technical committees established under 
    section 1261(a) and pursuant to State-specific criteria and 
    guidelines, may authorize the establishment or restoration of a 
    hydrologically appropriate native community or alternative 
    naturalized vegetative community as part of a wetland reserve 
    easement plan on land subject to a wetland reserve easement if that 
    hydrologically appropriate native or alternative naturalized 
    vegetative community shall--
            ``(A) substantially support or benefit migratory waterfowl 
        or other wetland wildlife; or
            ``(B) meet local resource concerns or needs (including as 
        an element of a regional, State, or local wildlife initiative 
        or plan).''.
SEC. 2605. ADMINISTRATION.
    Section 1265D of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3865d) is 
amended--
        (1) in paragraph (a)(4), by striking ``proposed'' and inserting 
    ``permitted'';
        (2) by striking subsection (c) and inserting the following:
    ``(c) Subordination, Exchange, Modification, and Termination.--
        ``(1) Subordination.--The Secretary may subordinate any 
    interest in land, or portion of such interest, administered by the 
    Secretary (including for the purposes of utilities and energy 
    transmission services) either directly or on behalf of the 
    Commodity Credit Corporation under the program if the Secretary 
    determines that the subordination--
            ``(A) increases conservation values or has a limited 
        negative effect on conservation values;
            ``(B) minimally affects the acreage subject to the interest 
        in land; and
            ``(C) is in the public interest or furthers the practical 
        administration of the program.
        ``(2) Modification and exchange.--
            ``(A) Authority.--The Secretary may approve a modification 
        or exchange of any interest in land, or portion of such 
        interest, administered by the Secretary, either directly or on 
        behalf of the Commodity Credit Corporation under the program if 
        the Secretary determines that--
                ``(i) no reasonable alternative exists and the effect 
            on the interest in land is avoided or minimized to the 
            extent practicable; and
                ``(ii) the modification or exchange--

                    ``(I) results in equal or increased conservation 
                values;
                    ``(II) results in equal or greater economic value 
                to the United States;
                    ``(III) is consistent with the original intent of 
                the easement;
                    ``(IV) is consistent with the purposes of the 
                program; and
                    ``(V) is in the public interest or furthers the 
                practical administration of the program.

            ``(B) Limitation.--In modifying or exchanging an interest 
        in land, or portion of such interest, under this paragraph, the 
        Secretary may not increase any payment to an eligible entity.
        ``(3) Termination.--The Secretary may approve a termination of 
    any interest in land, or portion of such interest, administered by 
    the Secretary, directly or on behalf of the Commodity Credit 
    Corporation under the program if the Secretary determines that--
            ``(A) termination is in the interest of the Federal 
        Government;
            ``(B) the United States will be fully compensated for--
                ``(i) the fair market value of the interest in land;
                ``(ii) any costs relating to the termination; and
                ``(iii) any damages determined appropriate by the 
            Secretary; and
            ``(C) the termination will--
                ``(i) address a compelling public need for which there 
            is no practicable alternative even with avoidance and 
            minimization; and
                ``(ii) further the practical administration of the 
            program.
        ``(4) Consent.--The Secretary shall obtain consent from the 
    landowner and eligible entity, if applicable, for any 
    subordination, exchange, modification, or termination of interest 
    in land, or portion of such interest, under this subsection.
        ``(5) Notice.--At least 90 days before taking any termination 
    action described in paragraph (3), the Secretary shall provide 
    written notice of such action to the Committee on Agriculture of 
    the House of Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, 
    Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate.''; and
        (3) in subsection (d)--
            (A) in paragraph (1), by striking ``transferred into the 
        program'' and inserting ``enrolled in an easement under section 
        1265C(b)''; and
            (B) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(3) Agricultural land easements.--A farmer or rancher who 
    owns eligible land subject to an agricultural land easement may 
    enter into a contract under subchapter B of chapter 1 of subtitle 
    D.''.

         Subtitle G--Regional Conservation Partnership Program

SEC. 2701. ESTABLISHMENT AND PURPOSES.
    Section 1271 of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3871) is 
amended--
        (1) in subsection (a)--
            (A) in paragraph (1), by inserting ``, including 
        partnership agreements funded through alternative funding 
        arrangements or grant agreements under section 1271C(d),'' 
        after ``partnership agreements''; and
            (B) in paragraph (2), by striking ``contracts with 
        producers'' and inserting ``program contracts with producers''; 
        and
        (2) in subsection (b)--
            (A) in paragraph (1), in the matter preceding subparagraph 
        (A), by striking ``use covered programs'' and inserting ``carry 
        out eligible activities'';
            (B) by striking paragraph (2) and inserting the following:
        ``(2) To further the conservation, protection, restoration, and 
    sustainable use of soil, water (including sources of drinking water 
    and groundwater), wildlife, agricultural land, and related natural 
    resources on eligible land on a regional or watershed scale.'';
            (C) in paragraph (3)--
                (i) in subparagraph (A), by inserting ``, including 
            through alignment of partnership projects with other 
            national, State, and local agencies and programs addressing 
            similar natural resource or environmental concerns'' after 
            ``eligible land''; and
                (ii) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``installation'' 
            and inserting ``adoption, installation,''; and
            (D) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(4) To encourage the flexible and streamlined delivery of 
    conservation assistance to producers through partnership 
    agreements.
        ``(5) To engage producers and eligible partners in conservation 
    projects to achieve greater conservation outcomes and benefits for 
    producers than would otherwise be achieved.''.
SEC. 2702. DEFINITIONS.
    Section 1271A of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3871a) is 
amended--
        (1) in paragraph (1)--
            (A) in subparagraph (C), by inserting ``, not including the 
        grassland conservation initiative under section 1240L-1'' 
        before the period at the end; and
            (B) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(E) The conservation reserve program established under 
        subchapter B of chapter 1 of subtitle D.
            ``(F) The programs established by the Secretary to carry 
        out the Watershed Protection and Flood Prevention Act (16 
        U.S.C. 1001 et seq.), except for any program established by the 
        Secretary to carry out section 14 (16 U.S.C. 1012) of that 
        Act.'';
        (2) by striking paragraphs (2) and (3) and inserting the 
    following:
        ``(2) Eligible activity.--The term `eligible activity' means a 
    practice, activity, agreement, easement, or related conservation 
    measure that is available under the statutory authority for a 
    covered program.
        ``(3) Eligible land.--The term `eligible land' means any 
    agricultural or nonindustrial private forest land or associated 
    land on which the Secretary determines an eligible activity would 
    help achieve conservation benefits.'';
        (3) in paragraph (4)--
            (A) in subparagraph (E), by inserting ``acequia,'' after 
        ``irrigation district,''; and
            (B) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(I) An organization described in section 1265A(3)(B).
            ``(J) A conservation district.'';
        (4) by striking paragraph (5) and inserting the following:
        ``(5) Partnership agreement.--The term `partnership agreement' 
    means the programmatic agreement entered into between the Secretary 
    and an eligible partner, subject to the terms and conditions under 
    section 1271B.''; and
        (5) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(7) Program contract.--
            ``(A) In general.--The term `program contract' means the 
        contract between the Secretary and a producer entered into 
        under this subtitle.
            ``(B) Exclusion.--The term `program contract' does not 
        include a contract under a covered program.''.
SEC. 2703. REGIONAL CONSERVATION PARTNERSHIPS.
    Section 1271B of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3871b) is 
amended--
        (1) by striking subsection (b) and inserting the following:
    ``(b) Length.--
        ``(1) In general.--A partnership agreement shall be--
            ``(A) for a period not to exceed 5 years; or
            ``(B) for a period that is longer than 5 years, if the 
        longer period is necessary to meet the objectives of the 
        program, as determined by the Secretary.
        ``(2) Renewal.--A partnership agreement may be renewed under 
    subsection (e)(5) for a period not to exceed 5 years.
        ``(3) Extension.--A partnership agreement, or any renewal of a 
    partnership agreement, may each be extended 1 time for a period not 
    longer than 12 months, as determined by the Secretary.'';
        (2) in subsection (c)--
            (A) in paragraph (1)--
                (i) in subparagraph (A)--

                    (I) by redesignating clauses (iii) and (iv) as 
                clauses (iv) and (v), respectively; and
                    (II) by striking clauses (i) and (ii) and inserting 
                the following:

                ``(i) 1 or more conservation benefits that the project 
            shall achieve;
                ``(ii) the eligible activities on eligible land to be 
            conducted under the project to achieve conservation 
            benefits;
                ``(iii) the implementation timeline for carrying out 
            the project, including any interim milestones;'';
                (ii) in subparagraph (D), by striking ``funds'' and 
            inserting ``contributions''; and
                (iii) in subparagraph (E), by striking ``of the 
            project's effects; and'' and inserting the following: 
            ``of--
                ``(i) the progress made by the project in achieving 
            each conservation benefit defined in the partnership 
            agreement, including in a quantified form to the extent 
            practicable; and
                ``(ii) as appropriate, other outcomes of the project; 
            and''; and
            (B) in paragraph (2)--
                (i) by striking ``An eligible'' and inserting the 
            following:
            ``(A) In general.--An eligible''; and
                (ii) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(B) Form.--A contribution of an eligible partner under 
        this paragraph may be in the form of--
                ``(i) direct funding;
                ``(ii) in-kind support; or
                ``(iii) a combination of direct funding and in-kind 
            support.
            ``(C) Treatment.--Any amounts expended during the period 
        beginning on the date on which the Secretary announces the 
        approval of an application under subsection (e) and ending on 
        the day before the effective date of the partnership agreement 
        by an eligible partner for staff salaries or development of the 
        partnership agreement may be considered to be a part of the 
        contribution of the eligible partner under this paragraph.'';
        (3) by redesignating subsection (d) as subsection (e);
        (4) by inserting after subsection (c) the following:
    ``(d) Duties of Secretary.--The Secretary shall--
        ``(1) establish a timeline for carrying out the duties of the 
    Secretary under a partnership agreement, including--
            ``(A) entering into program contracts with producers;
            ``(B) providing financial assistance to producers; and
            ``(C) in the case of a partnership agreement that is funded 
        through an alternative funding arrangement or grant agreement 
        under section 1271C(d), providing the payments to the eligible 
        partner for carrying out eligible activities;
        ``(2) identify in each State a program coordinator for the 
    State, who shall be responsible for providing assistance to 
    eligible partners under the program;
        ``(3) establish guidance to assist eligible partners with 
    carrying out the assessment required under subsection (c)(1)(E);
        ``(4) provide to each eligible partner that has entered into a 
    partnership agreement that is not funded through an alternative 
    funding arrangement or grant agreement under section 1271C(d)--
            ``(A) a semiannual report describing the status of each 
        pending and obligated contract under the project of the 
        eligible partner; and
            ``(B) an annual report describing how the Secretary used 
        amounts reserved by the Secretary for that year for technical 
        assistance under section 1271D(f); and
        ``(5) ensure that any eligible activity effectively achieves 
    the conservation benefits identified in the partnership agreement 
    under subsection (c)(1)(A)(i).'';
        (5) in subsection (e) (as redesignated by paragraph (3))--
            (A) in paragraph (1), by inserting ``simplified'' after 
        ``conduct a'';
            (B) in paragraph (3)--
                (i) by striking the paragraph designation and heading 
            and all that follows through ``description of--'' and 
            inserting the following:
        ``(3) Contents.--The Secretary shall develop a simplified 
    application that includes a description of--'';
                (ii) in subparagraph (C), by striking ``, including the 
            covered programs to be used''; and
                (iii) in subparagraph (D), by striking ``financial'';
            (C) in paragraph (4)--
                (i) by striking subparagraph (D);
                (ii) by redesignating subparagraphs (E) and (F) as 
            subparagraphs (G) and (H), respectively; and
                (iii) by inserting after subparagraph (C) the 
            following:
            ``(D) build new partnerships with local, State, and private 
        entities to include a diversity of stakeholders in the project;
            ``(E) deliver a high percentage of applied conservation--
                ``(i) to achieve conservation benefits; or
                ``(ii) in the case of a project in a critical 
            conservation area under section 1271F, to address the 
            priority resource concern for that critical conservation 
            area;
            ``(F) implement the project consistent with existing 
        watershed, habitat, or other area restoration plans;''; and
            (D) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(5) Renewals.--If the Secretary determines that a project 
    that is the subject of a partnership agreement has met or exceeded 
    the objectives of the project, the Secretary may renew the 
    partnership agreement through an expedited noncompetitive process 
    if the 1 or more eligible partners that are parties to the 
    partnership agreement request the renewal in order--
            ``(A) to continue to implement the project under a renewal 
        of the partnership agreement; or
            ``(B) to expand the scope of the project under a renewal of 
        the partnership agreement, as long as the expansion is within 
        the objectives and purposes of the original partnership 
        agreement.''; and
        (6) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(f) Nonapplicability of Adjusted Gross Income Limitation.--The 
adjusted gross income limitation described in section 1001D(b)(1) shall 
not apply to an eligible partner under the program.''.
SEC. 2704. ASSISTANCE TO PRODUCERS.
    Section 1271C of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3871c) is 
amended--
        (1) by striking subsections (a) and (b) and inserting the 
    following:
    ``(a) In General.--A producer may receive financial or technical 
assistance to conduct eligible activities on eligible land through a 
program contract entered into with the Secretary.
    ``(b) Program Contracts.--
        ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall establish a program 
    contract to be entered into with a producer to conduct eligible 
    activities on eligible land, subject to such terms and conditions 
    as the Secretary may establish.
        ``(2) Application bundles.--
            ``(A) In general.--An eligible partner may submit to the 
        Secretary, on behalf of producers, a bundle of applications for 
        assistance under the program through program contracts to 
        address a substantial portion of the conservation benefits to 
        be achieved by the project, as defined in the partnership 
        agreement.
            ``(B) Priority.--The Secretary may give priority to 
        applications described in subparagraph (A).'';
        (2) in subsection (c)--
            (A) in paragraph (1), by striking ``In accordance with 
        statutory requirements of the covered programs involved, the 
        Secretary may make payments to a producer'' and inserting 
        ``Subject to section 1271D, the Secretary may make payments to 
        a producer''; and
            (B) in paragraph (3), by striking ``participating''; and
        (3) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(d) Funding Through Alternative Funding Arrangements or Grant 
Agreements.--
        ``(1) In general.--A partnership agreement entered into with an 
    eligible partner may be funded through an alternative funding 
    arrangement or grant in accordance with this subsection.
        ``(2) Duties of the secretary.--The Secretary shall--
            ``(A) under a funding agreement under paragraph (1)--
                ``(i) use funding made available to carry out this 
            subtitle to provide funding directly to the eligible 
            partner; and
                ``(ii) provide technical and administrative assistance, 
            as mutually agreed by the parties; and
            ``(B) enter into not more than 15 alternative funding 
        arrangements or grant agreements with 1 or more eligible 
        partners each fiscal year.
        ``(3) Duties of eligible partners.--Under a funding agreement 
    under paragraph (1), the eligible partner shall--
            ``(A) carry out eligible activities on eligible land in 
        agreement with producers to achieve conservation benefits on a 
        regional or watershed scale, such as--
                ``(i) infrastructure investments relating to 
            agricultural or nonindustrial private forest production 
            that would--

                    ``(I) benefit multiple producers; and
                    ``(II) address natural resource concerns such as 
                drought, wildfire, or water quality impairment on the 
                land covered by the project;

                ``(ii) projects addressing natural resources concerns 
            in coordination with producers, including the development 
            and implementation of watershed, habitat, or other area 
            restoration plans;
                ``(iii) projects that use innovative approaches to 
            leveraging the Federal investment in conservation with 
            private financial mechanisms, in conjunction with 
            agricultural production or forest resource management, such 
            as--

                    ``(I) the provision of performance-based payments 
                to producers; and
                    ``(II) support for an environmental market; or

                ``(iv) other projects for which the Secretary 
            determines that the goals and objectives of the program 
            would be easier to achieve through the funding agreement 
            under paragraph (1); and
            ``(B) submit to the Secretary, in addition to any 
        information that the Secretary requires to prepare the report 
        under section 1271E(b), an annual report that describes the 
        status of the project, including a description of--
                ``(i) the use of the funds awarded under paragraph (1);
                ``(ii) any subcontracts awarded;
                ``(iii) the producers receiving funding through the 
            funding agreement under paragraph (1);
                ``(iv)(I) the progress made by the project in 
            addressing each natural resource concern defined in the 
            funding agreement under paragraph (1), including in a 
            quantified form to the extent practicable; and
                ``(II) as appropriate, other outcomes of the project; 
            and
                ``(v) any other reporting data the Secretary determines 
            are necessary to ensure compliance with the program 
            rules.''.
SEC. 2705. FUNDING.
    Section 1271D of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3871d) is 
amended--
        (1) in subsection (a)--
            (A) by striking ``$100,000,000'' and inserting 
        ``$300,000,000''; and
            (B) by striking ``2014 through 2018'' and inserting ``2019 
        through 2023'';
        (2) by striking subsection (c);
        (3) by redesignating subsections (d) and (e) as subsections (c) 
    and (d), respectively;
        (4) in subsection (c) (as so redesignated)--
            (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1)--
                (i) by striking ``and acres''; and
                (ii) by striking ``and reserved for the program under 
            subsection (c)'';
            (B) in paragraph (1)--
                (i) by striking ``25 percent of the funds and acres to 
            projects based on a State competitive process administered 
            by the State Conservationist, with the advice of the State 
            technical committee'' and inserting ``50 percent of the 
            funds to projects based on a State or multistate 
            competitive process administered by the Secretary at the 
            local level with the advice of the applicable State 
            technical committees''; and
                (ii) by adding ``and'' after the semicolon;
            (C) by striking paragraph (2);
            (D) by redesignating paragraph (3) as paragraph (2); and
            (E) in paragraph (2) (as so redesignated), by striking ``35 
        percent of the funds and acres'' and inserting ``50 percent of 
        the funds'';
        (5) in subsection (d) (as so redesignated)--
            (A) by striking ``None of the funds made available or 
        reserved for the program'' and inserting the following:
        ``(1) In general.--Except as provided in paragraph (2), none of 
    the funds made available for the program, including for a 
    partnership agreement funded through an alternative funding 
    arrangement or grant agreement under section 1271C(d),''; and
            (B) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(2) Project development and outreach.--Under a partnership 
    agreement that is not funded through an alternative funding 
    arrangement or grant agreement under section 1271C(d), the 
    Secretary may advance reasonable amounts of funding for not longer 
    than 90 days for technical assistance to eligible partners to 
    conduct project development and outreach activities in a project 
    area, including--
            ``(A) providing outreach and education to producers for 
        potential participation in the project;
            ``(B) establishing baseline metrics to support the 
        development of the assessment required under section 
        1271B(c)(1)(E); or
            ``(C) providing technical assistance to producers.''; and
        (6) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(e) Technical Assistance.--
        ``(1) In general.--At the time of project selection, the 
    Secretary shall identify and make publicly available the amount 
    that the Secretary shall use to provide technical assistance under 
    the terms of the partnership agreement.
        ``(2) Limitation.--The Secretary shall limit costs of the 
    Secretary for technical assistance to costs specific and necessary 
    to carry out the objectives of the program.
        ``(3) Third-party providers.--The Secretary shall develop and 
    implement strategies to encourage third-party technical service 
    providers to provide technical assistance to eligible partners 
    pursuant to a partnership agreement.''.
SEC. 2706. ADMINISTRATION.
    Section 1271E of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3871e) is 
amended--
        (1) in subsection (a), by striking ``1271B(d)'' each place it 
    appears and inserting ``1271B(e)'';
        (2) in subsection (b)--
            (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by striking 
        ``December 31, 2014'' and inserting ``December 31, 2019'';
            (B) by redesignating paragraphs (1) through (4) as 
        paragraphs (2) through (5), respectively;
            (C) by inserting before paragraph (2) (as so redesignated) 
        the following:
        ``(1) a summary of--
            ``(A) the progress made towards achieving the conservation 
        benefits defined for the projects; and
            ``(B) any other related outcomes of the projects;'';
            (D) in paragraph (4) (as so redesignated), by striking 
        ``and'' at the end;
            (E) in paragraph (5) (as so redesignated)--
                (i) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by 
            striking ``1271C(b)(2)'' and inserting ``1271C(d)''; and
                (ii) in subparagraph (C), by striking the period at the 
            end and inserting ``; and''; and
            (F) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(6) in the case of a project within a critical conservation 
    area under section 1271F, the status of each priority resource 
    concern for each designated critical conservation area, including--
            ``(A) the priority resource concerns for which each 
        critical conservation area is designated;
            ``(B) conservation goals and outcomes sufficient to 
        demonstrate that progress is being made to address the priority 
        resource concerns;
            ``(C) the partnership agreements selected to address each 
        conservation goal and outcome; and
            ``(D) the extent to which each conservation goal and 
        outcome is being addressed by the partnership agreements.''; 
        and
        (3) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(c) Compliance With Certain Requirements.--The Secretary may not 
provide assistance under the program to a producer unless the producer 
agrees, during the program year for which the assistance is provided--
        ``(1) to comply with applicable conservation requirements under 
    subtitle B; and
        ``(2) to comply with applicable wetland protection requirements 
    under subtitle C.
    ``(d) Historically Underserved Producers.--To the maximum extent 
practicable, in carrying out the program, the Secretary and eligible 
partners shall conduct outreach to beginning farmers and ranchers, 
veteran farmers and ranchers, socially disadvantaged farmers and 
ranchers, and limited resource farmers and ranchers to encourage 
participation by those producers in a project subject to a partnership 
agreement or funding agreement under 1271C(d).
    ``(e) Regulations.--The Secretary shall issue regulations to carry 
out the program.''.
SEC. 2707. CRITICAL CONSERVATION AREAS.
    Section 1271F of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3871f) is 
amended--
        (1) by redesignating subsections (a), (b), and (c) as 
    subsections (b), (c), and (e), respectively;
        (2) by inserting before subsection (b) (as so redesignated) the 
    following:
    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
        ``(1) Critical conservation area.--The term `critical 
    conservation area' means a geographical area that contains a 
    critical conservation condition that can be addressed through the 
    program.
        ``(2) Priority resource concern.--The term `priority resource 
    concern' means a natural resource concern located in a critical 
    conservation area that can be addressed through--
            ``(A) water quality improvement, including through reducing 
        erosion, promoting sediment control, and addressing nutrient 
        management activities affecting large bodies of water of 
        regional, national, or international significance;
            ``(B) water quantity improvement, including improvement 
        relating to--
                ``(i) drought;
                ``(ii) groundwater, surface water, aquifer, or other 
            water sources; or
                ``(iii) water retention and flood prevention;
            ``(C) wildlife habitat restoration to address species of 
        concern at a Federal, State, or local level; and
            ``(D) other natural resource improvements, as determined by 
        the Secretary, within the critical conservation area.'';
        (3) in subsection (b) (as so redesignated)--
            (A) by striking ``(b) In General.--'' and inserting the 
        following:
    ``(b) Applications.--'';
            (B) by striking ``1271D(d)(3)'' and inserting 
        ``1271D(d)(2)'';
            (C) by striking ``producer'' and inserting ``program''; and
            (D) by inserting ``that address 1 or more priority resource 
        concerns for which the critical conservation area is 
        designated'' before the period at the end;
        (4) in subsection (c) (as so redesignated)--
            (A) by redesignating paragraphs (1) through (3) as 
        paragraphs (2) through (4), respectively;
            (B) by inserting before paragraph (2) (as so redesignated) 
        the following:
        ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall identify 1 or more 
    priority resource concerns that apply to each critical conservation 
    area designated under this section after the date of enactment of 
    the Agricultural Act of 2014 (Public Law 113-79; 128 Stat. 649), 
    including the conservation goals and outcomes sufficient to 
    demonstrate that progress is being made to address the priority 
    resource concern.'';
            (C) in paragraph (2) (as so redesignated)--
                (i) by striking subparagraphs (C) and (D) and inserting 
            the following:
            ``(C) contains 1 or more priority resource concerns; or''; 
        and
                (ii) by redesignating subparagraph (E) as subparagraph 
            (D); and
            (D) by striking paragraph (3) (as so redesignated) and 
        inserting the following:
        ``(3) Review and withdrawal.--The Secretary may--
            ``(A) review designations of critical conservation areas 
        under this section not more frequently than once every 5 years; 
        and
            ``(B) withdraw designation of a critical conservation area 
        only if the Secretary determines that the area is no longer a 
        critical conservation area.'';
        (5) by inserting after subsection (c) (as so redesignated) the 
    following:
    ``(d) Outreach to Eligible Partners and Producers.--The Secretary 
shall provide outreach and education to eligible partners and producers 
in critical conservation areas designated under this section to 
encourage the development of projects to address each priority resource 
concern identified by the Secretary for that critical conservation 
area.''; and
        (6) in subsection (e) (as so redesignated)--
            (A) in paragraph (1), by striking ``producer'' and 
        inserting ``program''; and
            (B) by striking paragraph (3).

              Subtitle H--Repeals and Technical Amendments

                            PART I--REPEALS

SEC. 2811. REPEAL OF CONSERVATION CORRIDOR DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM.
    (a) In General.--Subtitle G of title II of the Farm Security and 
Rural Investment Act of 2002 (16 U.S.C. 3801 note; Public Law 107-171) 
is repealed.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--Section 5059 of the Water Resources 
Development Act of 2007 (16 U.S.C. 3801 note; Public Law 110-114) is 
repealed.
SEC. 2812. REPEAL OF CRANBERRY ACREAGE RESERVE PROGRAM.
    Section 10608 of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 
(16 U.S.C. 3801 note; Public Law 107-171) is repealed.
SEC. 2813. REPEAL OF NATIONAL NATURAL RESOURCES FOUNDATION.
    Subtitle F of title III of the Federal Agriculture Improvement and 
Reform Act of 1996 (16 U.S.C. 5801 et seq.) is repealed.
SEC. 2814. REPEAL OF FLOOD RISK REDUCTION.
    Section 385 of the Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act 
of 1996 (7 U.S.C. 7334) is repealed.
SEC. 2815. REPEAL OF STUDY OF LAND USE FOR EXPIRING CONTRACTS AND 
EXTENSION OF AUTHORITY.
    Section 1437 of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act 
of 1990 (16 U.S.C. 3831 note; Public Law 101-624) is repealed.
SEC. 2816. REPEAL OF INTEGRATED FARM MANAGEMENT PROGRAM OPTION.
    Section 1451 of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act 
of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 5822) is repealed.
SEC. 2817. REPEAL OF CLARIFICATION OF DEFINITION OF AGRICULTURAL LANDS.
    Section 325 of the Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act 
of 1996 (Public Law 104-127; 110 Stat. 992) is repealed.

                     PART II--TECHNICAL AMENDMENTS

SEC. 2821. TECHNICAL AMENDMENTS.
    (a) Watershed Protection and Flood Prevention Act.--Section 5(4) of 
the Watershed Protection and Flood Prevention Act (16 U.S.C. 1005(4)) 
is amended--
        (1) by striking ``goodwater'' and inserting ``floodwater''; and
        (2) by striking ``Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare'' 
    each place it appears and inserting ``Secretary of Health and Human 
    Services''.
    (b) Delineation of Wetlands; Exemptions.--Section 1222(j) of the 
Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3822(j)) is amended by striking 
``National Resources Conservation Service'' and inserting ``Natural 
Resources Conservation Service''.
    (c) Farmable Wetland Program.--Section 1231B(b)(2)(A)(i) of the 
Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3831b(b)(2)(A)(i)) is amended by 
adding a semicolon at the end.
    (d) Terminal Lakes Assistance.--Section 2507 of the Farm Security 
and Rural Investment Act of 2002 (16 U.S.C. 3839bb-6) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (e)--
            (A) by striking paragraph (1);
            (B) by redesignating paragraph (2) as paragraph (1); and
            (C) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(2) No additional funds.--
            ``(A) In general.--Nothing in this section authorizes any 
        additional funds to carry out this section.
            ``(B) Availability of funds.--Any funds made available to 
        carry out this section before the date of enactment of the 
        Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018 may remain available until 
        expended.''; and
        (2) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(f) Termination of Authority.--The authority provided by this 
section shall terminate on October 1, 2023.''.
    (e) Delivery of Technical Assistance.--Section 1242 of the Food 
Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3842) is amended by striking ``third 
party'' each place it appears and inserting ``third-party''.
    (f) Administrative Requirements for Conservation Programs.--Section 
1244(b)(4)(B) of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 
3844(b)(4)(B)) is amended by striking ``General Accounting Office'' and 
inserting ``Government Accountability Office''.
SEC. 2822. STATE TECHNICAL COMMITTEES.
    (a) Standards.--Section 1261(b)(2) of the Food Security Act of 1985 
(16 U.S.C. 3861(b)(2)) is amended by striking ``under section 
1262(b)''.
    (b) Composition.--Section 1261(c) of the Food Security Act of 1985 
(16 U.S.C. 3861(c)) is amended by adding at the end the following:
        ``(14) The State Cooperative Extension Service and land grant 
    university in the State.''.

                            TITLE III--TRADE
                     Subtitle A--Food for Peace Act

SEC. 3101. LABELING REQUIREMENTS.
    Section 202(g) of the Food for Peace Act (7 U.S.C. 1722(g)) is 
amended to read as follows:
    ``(g) Labeling of Assistance.--Agricultural commodities and other 
assistance provided under this title shall, to the extent practicable, 
be clearly identified with appropriate markings on the package or 
container of such agricultural commodities or food procured outside of 
the United States, or on printed material that accompanies other 
assistance, in the language of the locality in which such commodities 
and other assistance are distributed, as being furnished by the people 
of the United States of America.''.
SEC. 3102. FOOD AID QUALITY ASSURANCE.
    Section 202(h)(3) of the Food for Peace Act (7 U.S.C. 1722(h)(3)) 
is amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.
SEC. 3103. LOCAL SALE AND BARTER OF COMMODITIES.
    Section 203 of the Food for Peace Act (7 U.S.C. 1723) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (a), by inserting ``to generate proceeds to 
    be used as provided in this section'' before the period at the end;
        (2) by striking subsection (b); and
        (3) by redesignating subsections (c) and (d) as subsections (b) 
    and (c), respectively.
SEC. 3104. MINIMUM LEVELS OF ASSISTANCE.
    Section 204(a) of the Food for Peace Act (7 U.S.C. 1724(a)) is 
amended in paragraphs (1) and (2) by striking ``2018'' both places it 
appears and inserting ``2023''.
SEC. 3105. FOOD AID CONSULTATIVE GROUP.
    Section 205 of the Food for Peace Act (7 U.S.C. 1725) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (d)(1), in the first sentence, by striking 
    ``45'' and inserting ``30''; and
        (2) in subsection (f), by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
    ``2023''.
SEC. 3106. ISSUANCE OF REGULATIONS.
    Section 207(c)(1) of the Food for Peace Act (7 U.S.C. 1726a(c)(1)) 
is amended by striking ``the Agricultural Act of 2014''and inserting 
``the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018''.
SEC. 3107. OVERSIGHT, MONITORING, AND EVALUATION.
    Section 207(f)(4) of the Food for Peace Act (7 U.S.C. 1726a(f)(4)) 
is amended--
        (1) in subparagraph (A)--
            (A) by striking ``$17,000,000'' and inserting ``1.5 
        percent, but not less than $17,000,000,''; and
            (B) by striking ``2018'' each place it appears and 
        inserting ``2023''; and
        (2) in subparagraph (B)--
            (A) in clause (i), by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
        ``2023''; and
            (B) in clause (ii), by striking ``chapter 1 of part I of''.
SEC. 3108. ASSISTANCE FOR STOCKPILING AND RAPID TRANSPORTATION, 
DELIVERY, AND DISTRIBUTION OF SHELF-STABLE PREPACKAGED FOODS.
    Section 208 of the Food for Peace Act (7 U.S.C. 1726b) is amended--
        (1) by amending the section heading to read as follows: 
    ``international food relief partnership.''; and
        (2) in subsection (f), by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
    ``2023''.
SEC. 3109. CONSIDERATION OF IMPACT OF PROVISION OF AGRICULTURAL 
COMMODITIES AND OTHER ASSISTANCE ON LOCAL FARMERS AND ECONOMY.
    (a) Inclusion of All Modalities.--Section 403(a) of the Food for 
Peace Act (7 U.S.C. 1733(a)) is amended--
        (1) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by inserting ``, 
    food procured outside of the United States, food voucher, or cash 
    transfer for food'' after ``agricultural commodity'';
        (2) in paragraph (1), by inserting ``in the case of the 
    provision of an agricultural commodity,'' before ``adequate''; and
        (3) in paragraph (2), by striking ``commodity'' and inserting 
    ``agricultural commodity or use of the food procured outside of the 
    United States, food voucher, or cash transfer for food''.
    (b) Avoidance of Disruptive Impact.--Section 403(b) of the Food for 
Peace Act (7 U.S.C. 1733(b)) is amended--
        (1) in the first sentence, by inserting ``, the use of food 
    procured outside of the United States, food vouchers, and cash 
    transfers for food,'' after ``agricultural commodities''; and
        (2) in the second sentence, by striking ``of sales of 
    agricultural commodities''.
SEC. 3110. ALLOWANCE FOR DISTRIBUTION COSTS.
    Section 406(b)(6) of the Food for Peace Act (7 U.S.C. 1736(b)(6)) 
is amended by striking ``and distribution costs'' and inserting ``, 
distribution, and program implementation costs to use the 
commodities''.
SEC. 3111. PREPOSITIONING OF AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES.
    Section 407(c)(4)(A) of the Food for Peace Act (7 U.S.C. 
1736a(c)(4)(A)) is amended by striking ``2018'' each place it appears 
and inserting ``2023''.
SEC. 3112. ANNUAL REPORT REGARDING FOOD AID PROGRAMS AND ACTIVITIES.
    (a) In General.--Section 407(f) of the Food for Peace Act (7 U.S.C. 
1736a(f)) is amended to read as follows:
    ``(f) Annual Report Regarding Food Aid Programs and Activities.--
        ``(1) Annual report.--Not later than April 1 of each fiscal 
    year, the Administrator and the Secretary shall jointly, or each 
    separately, prepare and submit to the appropriate committees of 
    Congress a report regarding each program and activity carried out 
    under this Act by the Administrator, the Secretary, or both, as 
    applicable, during the prior fiscal year.
        ``(2) Contents.--An annual report described in paragraph (1) 
    shall include, with respect to the prior fiscal year, the 
    following:
            ``(A) A list that contains a description of each country 
        and organization that receives food and other assistance under 
        this Act (including the quantity of food and assistance 
        provided to each country and organization).
            ``(B) A general description of each project and activity 
        implemented under this Act (including each activity funded 
        through the use of local currencies) and the total number of 
        beneficiaries of the project.
            ``(C) A statement describing the quantity of agricultural 
        commodities made available to, and the total number of 
        beneficiaries in, each country pursuant to--
                ``(i) this Act;
                ``(ii) section 416(b) of the Agricultural Act of 1949 
            (7 U.S.C. 1431(b));
                ``(iii) the Food for Progress Act of 1985 (7 U.S.C. 
            1736o); and
                ``(iv) the McGovern-Dole International Food for 
            Education and Child Nutrition Program established by 
            section 3107 of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act 
            of 2002 (7 U.S.C. 1736o-1).
            ``(D) An assessment of the progress made through programs 
        under this Act towards reducing food insecurity in the 
        populations receiving food assistance from the United States.
            ``(E) A description of efforts undertaken by the Food Aid 
        Consultative Group under section 205 to achieve an integrated 
        and effective food assistance program.
            ``(F) An assessment of--
                ``(i) each program oversight, monitoring, and 
            evaluation system implemented under section 207(f); and
                ``(ii) the impact of each program oversight, 
            monitoring, and evaluation system on the effectiveness and 
            efficiency of assistance provided under this title.
            ``(G) An assessment of the progress made by the 
        Administrator in addressing issues relating to quality with 
        respect to the provision of food assistance.
            ``(H) A statement of the amount of funds (including funds 
        for administrative costs, indirect cost recovery, internal 
        transportation, storage and handling, and associated 
        distribution costs) provided to each eligible organization that 
        received assistance under this Act, that further describes the 
        following:
                ``(i) How such funds were used by the eligible 
            organization.
                ``(ii) The actual rate of return for each commodity 
            made available under this Act, including factors that 
            influenced the rate of return, and, for the commodity, the 
            costs of bagging or further processing, ocean 
            transportation, inland transportation in the recipient 
            country, storage costs, and any other information that the 
            Administrator and the Secretary determine to be necessary.
                ``(iii) For each instance in which a commodity was made 
            available under this Act at a rate of return less than 70 
            percent, the reasons for the rate of return realized.
            ``(I) For funds expended for purposes of section 202(e), 
        406(b)(6), and 407(c)(1)(B), a detailed accounting of the 
        expenditures and purposes of such expenditures with respect to 
        each such section.
        ``(3) Rate of return described.--For purposes of applying 
    subparagraph (H) of paragraph (2), the rate of return for a 
    commodity shall be equal to the proportion that--
            ``(A) the proceeds the implementing partners generate 
        through monetization; bears to
            ``(B) the cost to the Federal Government to procure and 
        ship the commodity to a recipient country for monetization.''.
    (b) Conforming Repeal.--Subsection (m) of section 403 of the Food 
for Peace Act (7 U.S.C. 1733) is repealed.
SEC. 3113. DEADLINE FOR AGREEMENTS TO FINANCE SALES OR TO PROVIDE OTHER 
ASSISTANCE.
    Section 408 of the Food for Peace Act (7 U.S.C. 1736b) is amended 
by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.
SEC. 3114. MINIMUM LEVEL OF NONEMERGENCY FOOD ASSISTANCE.
    Section 412(e) of the Food for Peace Act (7 U.S.C. 1736f(e)) is 
amended to read as follows:
    ``(e) Minimum Level of Nonemergency Food Assistance.--
        ``(1) In general.--For each of fiscal years 2019 through 2023, 
    not less than $365,000,000 of the amounts made available to carry 
    out emergency and nonemergency food assistance programs under title 
    II, nor more than 30 percent of such amounts, shall be expended for 
    nonemergency food assistance programs under such title.
        ``(2) Community development funds.--Funds appropriated each 
    year to carry out part I of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 
    U.S.C. 2151 et seq.) that are made available through grants or 
    cooperative agreements to strengthen food security in developing 
    countries and that are consistent with section 202(e)(1)(C) may be 
    considered amounts expended for nonemergency food assistance 
    programs for purposes of paragraph (1).
        ``(3) Farmer-to-farmer program.--In determining the amount 
    expended for a fiscal year for nonemergency food assistance 
    programs under paragraph (1), amounts expended for that year to 
    carry out programs under section 501 may be considered amounts 
    expended for nonemergency food assistance programs.''.
SEC. 3115. TERMINATION DATE FOR MICRONUTRIENT FORTIFICATION PROGRAMS.
    Section 415(c) of the Food for Peace Act (7 U.S.C. 1736g-2(c)) is 
amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.
SEC. 3116. JOHN OGONOWSKI AND DOUG BEREUTER FARMER-TO-FARMER PROGRAM.
    Section 501 of the Food for Peace Act (7 U.S.C. 1737) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (b)--
            (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by inserting 
        ``section 1342 of title 31, United States Code, or'' after 
        ``Notwithstanding'';
            (B) in paragraph (1) by inserting ``technical'' before 
        ``assistance''; and
            (C) in paragraph (2)--
                (i) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by 
            inserting ``employees or staff of a State cooperative 
            institution (as such term is defined in paragraph 18 of 
            section 1404 of the National Agricultural Research, 
            Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3103), 
            except that subparagraphs (E), (F), and (G) of such 
            paragraph shall not apply),'' after ``private 
            corporations,''; and
                (ii) in subparagraph (A)--

                    (I) by striking ``; and'' at the end of clause 
                (viii); and
                    (II) by striking clause (ix) and inserting the 
                following:

                ``(ix) agricultural education and extension;
                ``(x) selection of seed varieties and plant stocks;
                ``(xi) knowledge of insecticide and sanitation 
            procedures to prevent crop destruction;
                ``(xii) use and maintenance of agricultural equipment 
            and irrigation systems; and
                ``(xiii) selection of fertilizers and methods of soils 
            treatment; and'';
        (2) in subsection (d), in the matter preceding paragraph (1), 
    by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023'';
        (3) in subsection (e)(1), in the matter preceding subparagraph 
    (A), by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''; and
        (4) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(f) Grant Program to Create New Partners and Innovation.--
        ``(1) In general.--The Administrator of the Agency for 
    International Development shall develop a grant program to be 
    carried out in fiscal years 2019 through 2023 to facilitate new and 
    innovative partnerships and activities under this title.
        ``(2) Use of funds.--A grant recipient under this subsection 
    shall use funds received under this subsection to--
            ``(A) prioritize new implementing partners;
            ``(B) develop innovative volunteer models;
            ``(C) develop, improve, or maintain strategic partnerships 
        with other United States development programs; and
            ``(D) expand the footprint and impact of the programs and 
        activities under this title, and diversity among program 
        participants, including land-grant colleges and universities 
        and cooperative extension services (as such terms are defined 
        in section 1404 of the National Agricultural Research, 
        Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3103)).''.

               Subtitle B--Agricultural Trade Act of 1978

SEC. 3201. AGRICULTURAL TRADE PROMOTION AND FACILITATION.
    (a) In General.--Section 203 of the Agricultural Trade Act of 1978 
(7 U.S.C. 5623) is amended to read as follows:
    ``SEC. 203. AGRICULTURAL TRADE PROMOTION AND FACILITATION.
    ``(a) Establishment.--The Secretary shall carry out activities 
under this section--
        ``(1) to access, develop, maintain, and expand markets for 
    United States agricultural commodities; and
        ``(2) to promote cooperation and the exchange of information.
    ``(b) Market Access Program.--
        ``(1) Definition of eligible trade organization.--In this 
    subsection, the term `eligible trade organization' means--
            ``(A) a United States agricultural trade organization or 
        regional State-related organization that promotes the export 
        and sale of United States agricultural commodities and that 
        does not stand to profit directly from specific sales of United 
        States agricultural commodities;
            ``(B) a cooperative organization or State agency that 
        promotes the sale of United States agricultural commodities; or
            ``(C) a private organization that promotes the export and 
        sale of United States agricultural commodities if the Secretary 
        determines that such organization would significantly 
        contribute to United States export market development.
        ``(2) In general.--The Commodity Credit Corporation shall 
    establish and carry out a program, to be known as the `Market 
    Access Program', to encourage the development, maintenance, and 
    expansion of commercial export markets for United States 
    agricultural commodities (including commodities that are 
    organically produced (as defined in section 2103 of the Organic 
    Foods Production Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 6502))) through cost-share 
    assistance to eligible trade organizations that implement a foreign 
    market development program.
        ``(3) Participation requirements.--
            ``(A) Marketing plan and other requirements.--To be 
        eligible for cost-share assistance under this subsection, an 
        eligible trade organization shall--
                ``(i) prepare and submit a marketing plan to the 
            Secretary that meets the guidelines governing such a 
            marketing plan specified in this paragraph or otherwise 
            established by the Secretary;
                ``(ii) meet any other requirements established by the 
            Secretary; and
                ``(iii) enter into an agreement with the Secretary.
            ``(B) Purpose of marketing plan.--A marketing plan 
        submitted under this paragraph shall describe the advertising 
        or other market oriented export promotion activities to be 
        carried out by the eligible trade organization with respect to 
        which assistance under this subsection is being requested.
            ``(C) Specific elements.--To be approved by the Secretary, 
        a marketing plan submitted under this paragraph shall--
                ``(i) specifically describe the manner in which 
            assistance received by the eligible trade organization, in 
            conjunction with funds and services provided by the 
            eligible trade organization, will be expended in 
            implementing the marketing plan;
                ``(ii) establish specific market goals to be achieved 
            under the marketing plan; and
                ``(iii) contain whatever additional requirements are 
            determined by the Secretary to be necessary.
            ``(D) Branded promotion.--A marketing plan approved by the 
        Secretary may provide for the use of branded advertising to 
        promote the sale of United States agricultural commodities in a 
        foreign country under such terms and conditions as may be 
        established by the Secretary.
            ``(E) Amendments.--An approved marketing plan may be 
        amended by the eligible trade organization at any time, subject 
        to the approval of the amendment by the Secretary.
        ``(4) Level of assistance and cost-share requirements.--
            ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall justify in writing 
        the level of assistance to be provided to an eligible trade 
        organization under this subsection and the level of cost 
        sharing required of the organization.
            ``(B) Limitation on branded promotion.--Assistance provided 
        under this subsection for activities described in paragraph 
        (3)(D) shall not exceed 50 percent of the cost of implementing 
        the marketing plan, except that the Secretary may determine not 
        to apply such limitation in the case of United States 
        agricultural commodities with respect to which there has been a 
        favorable decision by the United States Trade Representative 
        under section 301 of the Trade Act of 1974 (19 U.S.C. 2411). 
        Criteria used by the Secretary for determining that the 
        limitation shall not apply shall be consistent and documented.
        ``(5) Other terms and conditions.--
            ``(A) Multiyear basis.--The Secretary may provide 
        assistance under this subsection on a multiyear basis, subject 
        to annual review by the Secretary for compliance with the 
        approved marketing plan.
            ``(B) Termination of assistance.--The Secretary may 
        terminate any assistance made, or to be made, available under 
        this subsection if the Secretary determines that--
                ``(i) the eligible trade organization is not adhering 
            to the terms and conditions applicable to the provision of 
            the assistance;
                ``(ii) the eligible trade organization is not 
            implementing the approved marketing plan or is not 
            adequately meeting the established goals of the plan;
                ``(iii) the eligible trade organization is not 
            adequately contributing its own resources to the 
            implementation of the plan; or
                ``(iv) the Secretary determines that termination of 
            assistance in a particular instance is in the best 
            interests of the Market Access Program.
            ``(C) Evaluations.--Beginning not later than 15 months 
        after the initial provision of assistance under this subsection 
        to an eligible trade organization, the Secretary shall monitor 
        the expenditures by the eligible trade organization of such 
        assistance, including the following:
                ``(i) An evaluation of the effectiveness of the 
            marketing plan of the eligible trade organization in 
            developing or maintaining markets for United States 
            agricultural commodities.
                ``(ii) An evaluation of whether assistance provided 
            under this subsection is necessary to maintain such 
            markets.
                ``(iii) A thorough accounting of the expenditure by the 
            eligible trade organization of the assistance provided 
            under this subsection.
        ``(6) Restrictions on use of funds.--Assistance provided under 
    this subsection to an eligible trade organization may not be used--
            ``(A) to provide direct assistance to any foreign for-
        profit corporation for the corporation's use in promoting 
        foreign-produced products; or
            ``(B) to provide direct assistance to any for-profit 
        corporation that is not recognized as a small business concern 
        (as described in section 3(a) of the Small Business Act (15 
        U.S.C. 632(a))), excluding--
                ``(i) a cooperative;
                ``(ii) an association described in the first section of 
            the Act entitled `An Act To authorize association of 
            producers of agricultural products', approved February 18, 
            1922 (7 U.S.C. 291); or
                ``(iii) a nonprofit trade association.
        ``(7) Permissive use of funds.--Assistance provided under this 
    subsection to a United States agricultural trade association, 
    cooperative, or small business may be used for individual branded 
    promotional activity related to a United States branded product, if 
    the beneficiaries of the activity have provided funds for the 
    activity in an amount that is at least equivalent to the amount of 
    such assistance.
        ``(8) Priority.--In providing assistance for branded promotion, 
    the Secretary should give priority to small-sized entities.
        ``(9) Contribution level.--
            ``(A) In general.--The Secretary should require a minimum 
        contribution level of 10 percent from an eligible trade 
        organization that receives assistance for nonbranded promotion.
            ``(B) Increases in contribution level.--The Secretary may 
        increase the contribution level in any subsequent year that an 
        eligible trade organization receives assistance for nonbranded 
        promotion.
        ``(10) Additionality.--The Secretary should require each 
    participant in the Market Access Program to certify that any 
    Federal funds received supplement, but do not supplant, private or 
    third party participant funds or other contributions to Program 
    activities.
        ``(11) Independent audits.--If as a result of an evaluation or 
    audit of activities of a participant under the Market Access 
    Program, the Secretary determines that a further review is 
    justified in order to ensure compliance with the requirements of 
    the Program, the Secretary should require the participant to 
    contract for an independent audit of the Program activities, 
    including activities of any subcontractor.
        ``(12) Tobacco.--No funds made available under the Market 
    Access Program may be used for activities to develop, maintain, or 
    expand foreign markets for tobacco.
    ``(c) Foreign Market Development Cooperator Program.--
        ``(1) Definition of eligible trade organization.--In this 
    subsection, the term `eligible trade organization' means a United 
    States trade organization that--
            ``(A) promotes the export of 1 or more United States 
        agricultural commodities; and
            ``(B) does not have a business interest in or receive 
        remuneration from specific sales of agricultural commodities.
        ``(2) Establishment.--The Secretary shall establish and, in 
    cooperation with eligible trade organizations, carry out a program 
    to be known as the `Foreign Market Development Cooperator Program' 
    to maintain and develop foreign markets for United States 
    agricultural commodities.
        ``(3) Use of funds.--Funds made available to carry out this 
    subsection shall be used only to provide--
            ``(A) cost-share assistance to an eligible trade 
        organization under a contract or agreement with the eligible 
        trade organization; and
            ``(B) assistance for other costs that are appropriate to 
        carry out the Foreign Market Development Cooperator Program, 
        including contingent liabilities that are not otherwise funded.
    ``(d) E (Kika) De La Garza Emerging Markets Program.--
        ``(1) Definition of emerging market.--In this subsection, the 
    term `emerging market' means any country, foreign territory, 
    customs union, or other economic market that the Secretary 
    determines--
            ``(A) is taking steps toward a market-oriented economy 
        through the food, agriculture, or rural business sectors of its 
        economy; and
            ``(B) has the potential to provide a viable and significant 
        market for United States agricultural commodities.
        ``(2) Establishment.--The Secretary shall establish and carry 
    out a program, to be known as the `E (Kika) de la Garza Emerging 
    Markets Program'--
            ``(A) to develop agricultural markets in emerging markets; 
        and
            ``(B) to promote cooperation and exchange of information 
        between agricultural institutions and agribusinesses in the 
        United States and emerging markets.
        ``(3) Development of agricultural systems.--
            ``(A) In general.--
                ``(i) Implementation.--To develop, maintain, or expand 
            markets for exports of United States agricultural 
            commodities, the Secretary shall make available to emerging 
            markets the expertise of the United States--

                    ``(I) to make assessments of food and rural 
                business systems needs;
                    ``(II) to make recommendations on measures 
                necessary to enhance the effectiveness of the food and 
                rural business systems described in subclause (I), 
                including potential reductions in trade barriers; and
                    ``(III) to identify and carry out specific 
                opportunities and projects to enhance the effectiveness 
                of the food and rural business systems described in 
                subclause (I).

                ``(ii) Extent of program.--The Secretary shall 
            implement this subparagraph with respect to at least 3 
            emerging markets in each fiscal year.
            ``(B) Experts from the united states.--The Secretary may 
        implement subparagraph (A) by providing--
                ``(i) assistance to teams (consisting primarily of 
            agricultural consultants, agricultural producers, other 
            persons from the private sector, and government officials 
            expert in assessing the food and rural business systems of 
            other countries) to enable those teams to conduct the 
            assessments, make the recommendations, and identify the 
            opportunities and projects described in subparagraph (A)(i) 
            in emerging markets;
                ``(ii) for necessary subsistence and transportation 
            expenses of--

                    ``(I) United States food and rural business system 
                experts, including United States agricultural producers 
                and other United States individuals knowledgeable in 
                agricultural and agribusiness matters, to enable such 
                United States food and rural business system experts to 
                assist in transferring knowledge and expertise to 
                entities from emerging markets; and
                    ``(II) individuals designated by emerging markets 
                to enable such designated individuals to consult with 
                such United States experts to enhance food and rural 
                business systems of such emerging markets and to 
                transfer knowledge and expertise to such emerging 
                markets.

            ``(C) Cost-sharing.--The Secretary shall encourage the 
        nongovernmental experts described in subparagraph (B) to share 
        the costs of, and otherwise assist in, the participation of 
        those experts in the E (Kika) de la Garza Emerging Markets 
        Program.
            ``(D) Technical assistance.--The Secretary is authorized to 
        provide, or pay the necessary costs for, technical assistance 
        (including the establishment of extension services) to enable 
        individuals or other entities to carry out recommendations, 
        projects, and opportunities in emerging markets, including 
        recommendations, projects, and opportunities described in 
        subclauses (II) and (III) of subparagraph (A)(i).
            ``(E) Reports to secretary.--A team that receives 
        assistance under subparagraph (B)(i) shall prepare and submit 
        to the Secretary such reports as the Secretary may require.
            ``(F) Advisory committee.--To provide the Secretary with 
        information that may be useful to the Secretary in carrying out 
        this subsection, the Secretary may establish an advisory 
        committee composed of representatives of the various sectors of 
        the food and rural business systems of the United States.
            ``(G) Effect.--The authority provided under this subsection 
        shall be in addition to and not in place of any other authority 
        of the Secretary or the Commodity Credit Corporation.
    ``(e) Technical Assistance for Specialty Crops.--
        ``(1) Establishment.--The Secretary of Agriculture shall 
    establish an export assistance program, in this subsection referred 
    to as the `program', to address existing or potential unique 
    barriers that prohibit or threaten the export of United States 
    specialty crops.
        ``(2) Purpose.--The program shall provide direct assistance 
    through public and private sector projects and technical 
    assistance, including through the program under section 2(e) of the 
    Competitive, Special, and Facilities Research Grant Act (7 U.S.C. 
    3157(e)), to remove, resolve, or mitigate existing or potential 
    sanitary, phytosanitary, and technical barriers to trade.
        ``(3) Priority.--The program shall address time sensitive and 
    strategic market access projects based on--
            ``(A) trade effect on market retention, market access, and 
        market expansion; and
            ``(B) trade impact.
        ``(4) Multiyear projects.--The Secretary may provide assistance 
    under the program to a project for longer than a 5-year period if 
    the Secretary determines that further assistance would effectively 
    support the purpose described in paragraph (2).
        ``(5) Outreach and technical assistance.--The Secretary shall--
            ``(A) conduct outreach to inform eligible organizations of 
        the requirements of the program and the process by which such 
        organizations may submit proposals for funding;
            ``(B) provide technical assistance to eligible 
        organizations to assist in developing proposals and complying 
        with the requirements of the program; and
            ``(C) solicit input from eligible organizations on 
        improvements to streamline and facilitate the provision of 
        assistance under this subsection.
        ``(6) Regulations and procedures.--
            ``(A) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
        enactment of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018, the 
        Secretary shall review program regulations, procedures, and 
        guidelines for assistance under this subsection and make 
        revisions to streamline, improve, and clarify the application, 
        approval and compliance processes for such assistance, 
        including revisions to implement the requirements of paragraph 
        (5).
            ``(B) Considerations.--In reviewing and making revisions 
        under subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall consider--
                ``(i) establishing accountability standards that are 
            appropriate for the size and scope of a project; and
                ``(ii) establishing streamlined application and 
            approval processes, including for smaller-scale projects or 
            projects to address time-sensitive trade barriers.
        ``(7) Annual report.--Each year, the Secretary shall submit to 
    the appropriate committees of Congress a report that contains, for 
    the period covered by the report, a description of--
            ``(A) each factor that affects the export of specialty 
        crops, including each factor relating to any--
                ``(i) significant sanitary or phytosanitary issue;
                ``(ii) trade barrier; or
                ``(iii) emerging sanitary or phytosanitary issue or 
            trade barrier; and
            ``(B)(i) any funds provided under subsection (f)(3)(A)(iv) 
        that were not obligated in a fiscal year; and
            ``(ii) the reason such funds were not obligated.
    ``(f) Funding and Administration.--
        ``(1) Commodity credit corporation.--The Secretary shall use 
    the funds, facilities, and authorities of the Commodity Credit 
    Corporation to carry out this section.
        ``(2) Funding amount.--For each of fiscal years 2019 through 
    2023, of the funds of, or an equal value of commodities owned by, 
    the Commodity Credit Corporation, the Secretary shall use to carry 
    out this section $255,000,000, to remain available until expended.
        ``(3) Allocation.--
            ``(A) In general.--For each of fiscal years 2019 through 
        2023, the Secretary shall allocate funds to carry out this 
        section in accordance with the following:
                ``(i) Market access program.--For market access 
            activities authorized under subsection (b), of the funds 
            of, or an equal value of commodities owned by, the 
            Commodity Credit Corporation, not less than $200,000,000 
            for each fiscal year.
                ``(ii) Foreign market development cooperator program.--
            To carry out subsection (c), of the funds of, or an equal 
            value of commodities owned by, the Commodity Credit 
            Corporation, not less than $34,500,000 for each fiscal 
            year.
                ``(iii) E (kika) de la garza emerging markets 
            program.--To provide assistance under subsection (d), of 
            the funds of, or an equal value of commodities owned by, 
            the Commodity Credit Corporation, not more than $8,000,000 
            for each fiscal year.
                ``(iv) Technical assistance for specialty crops.--To 
            carry out subsection (e), of the funds of, or an equal 
            value of the commodities owned by, the Commodity Credit 
            Corporation, $9,000,000 for each fiscal year.
                ``(v) Priority trade fund.--

                    ``(I) In general.--In addition to the amounts 
                allocated under clauses (i) through (iv), and 
                notwithstanding any limitations in those clauses, as 
                determined by the Secretary, for 1 or more programs 
                under this section for authorized activities to access, 
                develop, maintain, and expand markets for United States 
                agricultural commodities, $3,500,000 for each fiscal 
                year.
                    ``(II) Considerations.--In allocating funds made 
                available under subclause (I), the Secretary may 
                consider providing a greater allocation to 1 or more 
                programs under this section for which the amounts 
                requested under applications exceed available funding 
                for the 1 or more programs.

            ``(B) Reallocation.--Any funds allocated under clauses (i) 
        through (iv) of subparagraph (A) that remain unobligated one 
        year after the end of the fiscal year in which they are first 
        made available shall be reallocated to the priority trade fund 
        under subparagraph (A)(v). To the maximum extent practicable, 
        the Secretary shall allocate such reallocated funds to support 
        exports of those types of United States agricultural 
        commodities eligible for assistance under the program for which 
        the funds were originally allocated under subparagraph (A).
        ``(4) Cuba.--Notwithstanding section 908 of the Trade Sanctions 
    Reform and Export Enhancement Act of 2000 (22 U.S.C. 7207) or any 
    other provision of law, funds made available under this section may 
    be used to carry out the programs authorized under subsections (b) 
    and (c) in Cuba. Funds may not be used as described in the previous 
    sentence in contravention with directives set forth under the 
    National Security Presidential Memorandum entitled `Strengthening 
    the Policy of the United States Toward Cuba' issued by the 
    President on June 16, 2017, during the period in which that 
    memorandum is in effect.
        ``(5) Authorization of appropriations.--In addition to any 
    other amounts provided under this subsection, there are authorized 
    to be appropriated such sums as are necessary to carry out the 
    programs and authorities under paragraph (3)(A)(v) and subsections 
    (b) through (e).''.
    (b) Conforming Amendments.--
        (1) Market access program.--
            (A) Section 211 of the Agricultural Trade Act of 1978 (7 
        U.S.C. 5641) is amended by striking subsection (c).
            (B) Section 402(a)(1) of the Agricultural Trade Act of 1978 
        (7 U.S.C. 5662(a)(1)) is amended by striking ``203'' and 
        inserting ``203(b)''.
            (C) Section 282(f)(2)(C) of the Agricultural Marketing Act 
        of 1946 (7 U.S.C. 1638a(f)(2)(C)) is amended by striking 
        ``section 203 of the Agricultural Trade Act of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 
        5623)'' and inserting ``section 203(b) of the Agricultural 
        Trade Act of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 5623(b))''.
            (D) Section 718 of the Agriculture, Rural Development, Food 
        and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies Appropriations 
        Act, 1999 (7 U.S.C. 5623 note; Public Law 105-277) is amended 
        by striking ``section 203 of the Agricultural Trade Act of 1978 
        (7 U.S.C. 5623)'' and inserting ``section 203(b) of the 
        Agricultural Trade Act of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 5623(b)''.
            (E) Section 1302 of the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act 
        of 1993 is repealed.
        (2) Foreign market development cooperator program.--Title VII 
    of the Agricultural Trade Act of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 5721 et seq.) is 
    repealed.
        (3) E (kika) de la garza emerging markets program.--
            (A) Section 1542 of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, 
        and Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C 5622 note; Public Law 101-624) 
        is amended--
                (i) by striking subsection (d);
                (ii) by redesignating subsections (e) and (f) as 
            subsections (d) and (e), respectively; and
                (iii) in subsection (e) (as so redesignated)--

                    (I) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by 
                striking ``country'' and inserting ``country, foreign 
                territory, customs union, or other economic market''; 
                and
                    (II) in paragraph (1), by striking ``the economy of 
                the country'' and inserting ``its economy''.

            (B) Section 1543(b)(5) of the Food, Agriculture, 
        Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 3293(b)(5)) is 
        amended by striking ``section 1542(f)'' and inserting ``section 
        1542(e)''.
            (C) Section 1543A(c)(2) of the Food, Agriculture, 
        Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 5679(c)(2)) is 
        amended by inserting ``and section 203(d) of the Agricultural 
        Trade Act of 1978'' after ``section 1542''.
        (4) Technical assistance for specialty crops.--Section 3205 of 
    the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 (7 U.S.C. 5680) 
    is repealed.

               Subtitle C--Other Agricultural Trade Laws

SEC. 3301. GROWING AMERICAN FOOD EXPORTS.
    Section 1543A of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act 
of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 5679) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (b)(1)(A), by inserting ``or new agricultural 
    production technologies'' after ``biotechnology''; and
        (2) in subsection (d), by striking ``$6,000,000'' and all that 
    follows through the period at the end and inserting ``$2,000,000 
    for each of fiscal years 2019 through 2023.''.
SEC. 3302. FOOD FOR PROGRESS ACT OF 1985.
    Section 1110 of the Food Security Act of 1985 (also known as the 
Food for Progress Act of 1985 (7 U.S.C. 1736o)) is amended--
        (1) by striking ``President'' each place it appears and 
    inserting ``Secretary'';
        (2) in subsection (b)--
            (A) in paragraph (5)--
                (i) by striking ``and'' at the end of subparagraph (E);
                (ii) by redesignating subparagraph (F) as subparagraph 
            (G); and
                (iii) by inserting after subparagraph (E) the following 
            new subparagraph:
            ``(F) a college or university (as such terms are defined in 
        section 1404(4) of the Food and Agriculture Act of 1977 (7 
        U.S.C. 3103(4)); and''; and
            (B) by adding at the end the following new paragraphs:
        ``(10) Rate of return.--For purposes of applying subsection 
    (j)(3), the rate of return for an eligible commodity shall be equal 
    to the proportion that--
            ``(A) the proceeds eligible entities generate through 
        monetization of such commodity, bears to
            ``(B) the cost to the Federal Government to procure and 
        ship the commodity to the country where it is monetized.
        ``(11) Secretary.--The term `Secretary' means the Secretary of 
    Agriculture.'';
        (3) in subsection (f)(3), by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
    ``2023'';
        (4) in subsection (g), by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
    ``2023'';
        (5) in subsection (j)(3)--
            (A) by striking ``December 1'' and inserting ``April 1'';
            (B) by striking ``of the Senate a list of programs'' and 
        inserting ``of the Senate--
    ``(A) a list of programs'';
            (C) by striking ``approved to date for the fiscal year'' 
        and inserting ``approved during the prior fiscal year'';
            (D) by striking the period at the end and inserting a 
        semicolon; and
            (E) by adding at the end the following new subparagraphs:
            ``(B) a description of the actual rate of return for each 
        commodity made available under this section for the previous 
        fiscal year including--
                ``(i) factors that influenced the rate of return; and
                ``(ii) with respect to the commodity, the costs of 
            bagging or further processing, ocean transportation, inland 
            transportation, storage costs, and any other information 
            that the Secretary determines to be necessary; and
            ``(C) for each instance in which a commodity was made 
        available under this section at a rate of return less than 70 
        percent, an explanation for the rate of return realized.''.
        (6) in subsection (k), by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
    ``2023'';
        (7) in subsection (l)(1), by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
    ``2023'';
        (8) in the heading of subsection (m), by striking 
    ``Presidential'' and inserting ``Secretarial'';
        (9) in subsection (o), by striking ``(acting through the 
    Secretary)'';
        (10) in subsection (o)(1), by striking ``subparagraphs (C) and 
    (F)'' and inserting ``subparagraphs (C) and (G)''; and
        (11) by adding at the end the following new subsection:.
    ``(p) Pilot Agreements.--
        ``(1) In general.--For each of fiscal years 2019 through 2023, 
    subject to the availability of appropriations pursuant to the 
    authorization in paragraph (3), the Secretary shall enter into 1 or 
    more pilot agreements with 1 or more eligible entities through 
    which the Secretary shall provide financial assistance to the 
    eligible entities to carry out activities consistent with 
    subsection (l)(4)(A).
        ``(2) Report required.--In each of fiscal years 2020 through 
    2024, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Agriculture of 
    the House of Representatives and Committee on Agriculture, 
    Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report describing, with 
    respect to the previous fiscal year--
            ``(A) the amount provided to eligible entities under each 
        pilot agreement pursuant to paragraph (1) and how the funds 
        were used;
            ``(B) the activities carried out under each pilot 
        agreement;
            ``(C) the number of direct and indirect beneficiaries of 
        those activities; and
            ``(D) the effectiveness of the pilot agreements, including 
        as applicable the impact on food security and agricultural 
        productivity.
        ``(3) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized to 
    be appropriated to carry out pilot agreements pursuant to this 
    subsection $10,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2019 through 
    2023.''.
SEC. 3303. BILL EMERSON HUMANITARIAN TRUST ACT.
    Section 302 of the Bill Emerson Humanitarian Trust Act (7 U.S.C. 
1736f-1) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (b)(2)(B)(i), by striking ``2018'' each place 
    it appears and inserting ``2023''; and
        (2) in subsection (h), by striking ``2018'' each place it 
    appears and inserting ``2023''.
SEC. 3304. PROMOTION OF AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS TO EMERGING MARKETS.
    Section 1542(a) of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade 
Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 5622 note; Public Law 101-624) is amended by 
striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.
SEC. 3305. COCHRAN FELLOWSHIP PROGRAM.
    Section 1543 of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act 
of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 3293) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (a), by striking ``for study in the United 
    States.'' and inserting the following: ``for study--
        ``(1) in the United States; or
        ``(2) at a college or university located in an eligible country 
    that the Secretary determines--
            ``(A) has sufficient scientific and technical facilities;
            ``(B) has established a partnership with at least one 
        college or university in the United States; and
            ``(C) has substantial participation by faculty members of 
        the United States college or university in the design of the 
        fellowship curriculum and classroom instruction under the 
        fellowship.'';
        (2) in subsection (c)--
            (A) in paragraph (1), by inserting ``(which may include 
        agricultural extension services)'' after ``systems''; and
            (B) in paragraph (2)--
                (i) by striking ``enhance trade'' and inserting the 
            following: ``enhance--
            ``(A) trade'';
                (ii) in subparagraph (A) (as so designated) by striking 
            the period at the end and inserting ``; or''; and
                (iii) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(B) linkages between agricultural interests in the United 
        States and regulatory systems governing sanitary and 
        phytosanitary standards for agricultural products that--
                ``(i) may enter the United States; and
                ``(ii) may pose risks to human, animal, or plant life 
            or health.''; and
        (3) in subsection (f)--
            (A) in paragraph (1), by striking ``$3,000,000'' and 
        inserting ``$4,000,000'';
            (B) in paragraph (2), by striking ``$2,000,000'' and 
        inserting ``$3,000,000''; and
            (C) in paragraph (3), by striking ``$5,000,000'' and 
        inserting ``$6,000,000''.
SEC. 3306. BORLAUG INTERNATIONAL AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 
FELLOWSHIP PROGRAM.
    Section 1473G of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and 
Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3319j) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (c)(2)--
            (A) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by striking 
        ``shall support'' and inserting ``support'';
            (B) in subparagraph (C), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (C) in subparagraph (D), by striking the period at the end 
        and inserting ``; and''; and
            (D) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(E) the development of agricultural extension services in 
        eligible countries.''; and
        (2) in subsection (f)--
            (A) by striking ``The Secretary'' and inserting the 
        following:
        ``(1) In general.--The Secretary''; and
            (B) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(2) Leveraging alumni engagement.--In carrying out the 
    purposes and programs under this section, the Secretary shall 
    encourage ongoing engagement with fellowship recipients who have 
    completed training under the program to provide advice regarding, 
    and participate in, new or ongoing agricultural development 
    projects, with a priority for capacity-building projects.''.
SEC. 3307. INTERNATIONAL AGRICULTURAL EDUCATION FELLOWSHIP PROGRAM.
    (a) Fellowship Program Establishment.--The Secretary shall 
establish a fellowship program to be known as the International 
Agricultural Education Fellowship Program to provide fellowships to 
citizens of the United States to assist eligible countries in 
developing school-based agricultural education and youth extension 
programs.
    (b) Eligible Country Described.--For purposes of this section, an 
eligible country is a developing country, as determined by the 
Secretary using a gross national income per capita test selected by the 
Secretary.
    (c) Purpose of Fellowships.--The goals of providing a fellowship 
under this section are to--
        (1) develop globally minded United States agriculturists with 
    experience living abroad;
        (2) focus on meeting the food and fiber needs of the domestic 
    population of eligible countries; and
        (3) strengthen and enhance trade linkages between eligible 
    countries and the United States agricultural industry.
    (d) Eligible Candidates.--The Secretary may provide fellowships to 
citizens of the United States who--
        (1) hold at least a bachelors degree in an agricultural related 
    field of study; and
        (2) have an understanding of United States school-based 
    agricultural education and youth extension programs, as determined 
    by the Secretary.
    (e) Candidate Identification.--The Secretary shall consult with the 
National FFA Organization, the National 4-H Council, and other entities 
as the Secretary determines are appropriate to identify candidates for 
fellowships.
    (f) Program Implementation.--The Secretary shall provide for the 
management, coordination, evaluation, and monitoring of the Fellowship 
Program, except that the Secretary may contract out the management of 
the fellowship program to an outside organization with experience in 
implementing fellowship programs focused on building capacity for 
school-based agricultural education and youth extension programs in 
developing countries.
    (g) Authorization of Appropriations.--
        (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated 
    $5,000,000 to carry out this section for each of fiscal years 2019 
    through 2023.
        (2) Duration.--Any funds made available under this subsection 
    shall remain available until expended.
SEC. 3308. INTERNATIONAL FOOD SECURITY TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE.
    The Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 is 
amended by inserting after section 1543A (7 U.S.C. 5679) the following:
``SEC. 1543B. INTERNATIONAL FOOD SECURITY TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE.
    ``(a) Definition of International Food Security.--In this section, 
the term `international food security' means access by any person at 
any time to food and nutrition that is sufficient for a healthy and 
productive life.
    ``(b) Collection of Information.--The Secretary of Agriculture 
(referred to in this section as the `Secretary') shall compile 
information from appropriate mission areas of the Department of 
Agriculture (including the Food, Nutrition, and Consumer Services 
mission area) relating to the improvement of international food 
security.
    ``(c) Public Availability.--To benefit programs for the improvement 
of international food security, the Secretary shall organize the 
information described in subsection (b) and make the information 
available in a format suitable for--
        ``(1) public education; and
        ``(2) use by--
            ``(A) a Federal, State, or local agency;
            ``(B) an agency or instrumentality of the government of a 
        foreign country;
            ``(C) a domestic or international organization, including a 
        domestic or international nongovernmental organization; and
            ``(D) an intergovernmental organization.
    ``(d) Technical Assistance.--On request by an entity described in 
subsection (c)(2), the Secretary may provide technical assistance to 
the entity to implement a program for the improvement of international 
food security.
    ``(e) Program Priority.--In carrying out this section, the 
Secretary shall give priority to programs relating to the development 
of food and nutrition safety net systems with a focus on food insecure 
countries.
    ``(f) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $1,000,000 for each of fiscal 
years 2019 through 2023.''.
SEC. 3309. MCGOVERN-DOLE INTERNATIONAL FOOD FOR EDUCATION AND CHILD 
NUTRITION PROGRAM.
    Section 3107 of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 
(7 U.S.C. 1736o-1) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (a)--
            (A) by striking ``that is'' and inserting the following: 
        ``that--
        ``(1) is'';
            (B) in paragraph (1) (as so designated), by striking the 
        period at the end and inserting ``; or''; and
            (C) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(2)(A) is produced in and procured from--
            ``(i) a developing country that is a recipient country; or
            ``(ii) a developing country in the same region as a 
        recipient country; and
        ``(B) at a minimum, meets each nutritional, quality, and 
    labeling standard of the recipient country, as determined by the 
    Secretary.'';
        (2) in subsection (c)(2)(A)--
            (A) in clause (v)(IV), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (B) by redesignating clause (vi) as clause (vii); and
            (C) by inserting after clause (v) the following:
                ``(vi) the costs associated with transporting the 
            commodities described in subsection (a)(2) from a 
            developing country described in subparagraph (A)(ii) of 
            that subsection to any designated point of entry within the 
            recipient country; and'';
        (3) in subsection (f)(1)--
            (A) by redesignating subparagraphs (E) and (F) as 
        subparagraphs (F) and (G), respectively; and
            (B) by inserting after subparagraph (D) the following:
            ``(E) ensure to the maximum extent practicable that 
        assistance--
                ``(i) is provided under this section in a timely 
            manner; and
                ``(ii) is available when needed throughout the 
            applicable school year;''; and
        (4) in subsection (l)--
            (A) in paragraph (2), by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
        ``2023''; and
            (B) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(4) Purchase of commodities.--Of the funds made available to 
    carry out this section, not more than 10 percent shall be used to 
    purchase agricultural commodities described in subsection 
    (a)(2).''.
SEC. 3310. GLOBAL CROP DIVERSITY TRUST.
    Section 3202 of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008 (22 
U.S.C. 2220a note; Public Law 110-246) is amended--
        (1) by amending subsection (b) to read as follows:
    ``(b) United States Contribution Limit.--
        ``(1) In general.--The aggregate contributions of funds of the 
    Federal Government provided to the Trust shall not exceed--
            ``(A) for the period of fiscal years 2014 through 2018, 25 
        percent of the total amount of funds contributed to the Trust 
        from all sources; and
            ``(B) subject to paragraph (2), effective beginning with 
        fiscal year 2019, 33 percent of the total amount of funds 
        contributed to the Trust from all sources.
        ``(2) Annual limitation.--The contributions of funds of the 
    Federal Government provided to the Trust shall not exceed 
    $5,500,000 for each of fiscal years 2019 through 2023.''; and
        (2) in subsection (c), by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
    ``2023''.
SEC. 3311. LOCAL AND REGIONAL FOOD AID PROCUREMENT PROJECTS.
    Section 3206(e)(1) of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 
2008 (7 U.S.C. 1726c(e)(1)) is amended--
        (1) by inserting ``to the Secretary'' after ``appropriated''; 
    and
        (2) by striking ``2014 through 2018'' and inserting ``2019 
    through 2023''.
SEC. 3312. FOREIGN TRADE MISSIONS.
    (a) Tribal Representation on Trade Missions.--
        (1) In general.--The Secretary, in consultation with the Tribal 
    Advisory Committee established under subsection (b)(2) of section 
    309 of the Federal Crop Insurance Reform and Department of 
    Agriculture Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 6921(b)(2)) (as 
    added by section 12303(2)) (referred to in this section as the 
    ``Advisory Committee''), shall seek--
            (A) to support the greater inclusion of Tribal agricultural 
        and food products in Federal trade-related activities; and
            (B) to increase the collaboration between Federal trade 
        promotion efforts and other Federal trade-related activities in 
        support of the greater inclusion sought under subparagraph (A).
        (2) Interdepartmental coordination.--In carrying out activities 
    to increase the collaboration described in paragraph (1)(B), the 
    Secretary shall coordinate with--
            (A) the Secretary of Commerce;
            (B) the Secretary of State;
            (C) the Secretary of the Interior; and
            (D) the heads of any other relevant Federal agencies.
    (b) Report; Goals.--
        (1) Report.--Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment 
    of this Act, the Secretary shall submit a report describing the 
    efforts of the Department of Agriculture and other Federal agencies 
    under this section to--
            (A) the Advisory Committee;
            (B) the Committee on Agriculture of the House of 
        Representatives;
            (C) the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of 
        Representatives;
            (D) the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry 
        of the Senate;
            (E) the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation 
        of the Senate; and
            (F) the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate.
        (2) Goals.--Not later than 90 days after the date of enactment 
    of this Act, the Secretary shall establish goals for measuring, in 
    an objective and quantifiable format, the extent to which Indian 
    Tribes and Tribal agricultural and food products are included in 
    the trade-related activities of the Department of Agriculture.

                          TITLE IV--NUTRITION
         Subtitle A--Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program

SEC. 4001. REQUIREMENTS FOR ONLINE ACCEPTANCE OF BENEFITS.
    (a) Definition.--Section 3(o)(1) of the Food and Nutrition Act of 
2008 (7 U.S.C. 2012(o)(1)) is amended by striking ``or house-to-house 
trade route'' and inserting ``, house-to-house trade route, or online 
entity''.
    (b) Acceptance of Benefits.--Section 7(k) of the Food and Nutrition 
Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2016(k)) is amended--
        (1) by striking the heading and inserting ``Acceptance of 
    Program Benefits Through Online Transactions'',
        (2) in paragraph (4) by striking subparagraph (C), and
        (3) by striking paragraph (5).
SEC. 4002. RE-EVALUATION OF THRIFTY FOOD PLAN.
    Section 3(u) of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 
2012(u)) is amended by inserting after the 1st sentence the following:
``By 2022 and at 5-year intervals thereafter, the Secretary shall re-
evaluate and publish the market baskets of the thrifty food plan based 
on current food prices, food composition data, consumption patterns, 
and dietary guidance.''.
SEC. 4003. FOOD DISTRIBUTION PROGRAM ON INDIAN RESERVATIONS.
    (a) In General.--Section 4(b) of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 
(7 U.S.C. 2013(b)) is amended--
        (1) by striking paragraph (4) and inserting the following:
        ``(4) Administrative costs.--
            ``(A) In general.--Subject to subparagraph (B), the 
        Secretary shall pay not less than 80 percent of administrative 
        costs and distribution costs on Indian reservations as the 
        Secretary determines necessary for effective administration of 
        such distribution by a State agency or tribal organization.
            ``(B) Waiver.--The Secretary shall waive up to 100 percent 
        of the non-Federal share of the costs described in subparagraph 
        (A) if the Secretary determines that--
                ``(i) the tribal organization is financially unable to 
            provide a greater non-Federal share of the costs; or
                ``(ii) providing a greater non-Federal share of the 
            costs would be a substantial burden for the tribal 
            organization.
            ``(C) Limitation.--The Secretary may not reduce any 
        benefits or services under the food distribution program on 
        Indian reservations under this subsection to any tribal 
        organization that is granted a waiver under subparagraph (B).
            ``(D) Tribal contribution.--The Secretary may allow a 
        tribal organization to use funds provided to the tribal 
        organization through a Federal agency or other Federal benefit 
        to satisfy all or part of the non-Federal share of the costs 
        described in subparagraph (A) if that use is otherwise 
        consistent with the purpose of the funds.'',
        (2) in paragraph (6)--
            (A) in the heading by striking ``locally-grown'' and 
        inserting ``locally- and regionally-grown'',
            (B) in subparagraph (A) by striking ``locally-grown'' and 
        inserting ``locally- and regionally-grown'',
            (C) in subparagraph (C)--
                (i) in the heading by striking ``locally grown'' and 
            inserting ``locally- and regionally-grown'', and
                (ii) by striking ``locally-grown'' and inserting 
            ``locally- and regionally-grown'',
            (D) by amending subparagraph (D) to read as follows:
            ``(D) Purchase of foods.--In carrying out this paragraph, 
        the Secretary shall purchase or offer to purchase those 
        traditional foods that may be procured cost-effectively.'',
            (E) by striking subparagraph (E), and
            (F) in subparagraph (F)--
                (i) by striking ``(F)'' and inserting ``(E)'', and
                (ii) by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023'', and
        (3) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(7) Availability of funds.--
            ``(A) In general.--Funds made available for a fiscal year 
        to carry out this subsection shall remain available for 
        obligation for a period of 2 fiscal years.
            ``(B) Administrative costs.--Funds made available for a 
        fiscal year to carry out paragraph (4) shall remain available 
        for obligation by the State agency or tribal organization for a 
        period of 2 fiscal years.''.
    (b) Demonstration Project for Tribal Organizations.--
        (1) Definitions.--In this subsection:
            (A) Demonstration project.--The term ``demonstration 
        project'' means the demonstration project established under 
        paragraph (2).
            (B) Food distribution program.--The term ``food 
        distribution program'' means the food distribution program on 
        Indian reservations carried out under section 4(b) of the Food 
        and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2013(b)).
            (C) Indian reservation.--The term ``Indian reservation'' 
        has the meaning given the term ``reservation'' in section 3 of 
        the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2012).
            (D) Indian tribe.--The term ``Indian tribe'' has the 
        meaning given the term in section 4 of the Indian Self-
        Determination and Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 5304).
            (E) Self-determination contract.--The term ``self-
        determination contract'' has the meaning given the term in 
        section 4 of the Indian Self-Determination and Education 
        Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 5304).
            (F) Tribal organization.--The term ``tribal organization'' 
        has the meaning given the term in section 3 of the Food and 
        Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2012).
        (2) Establishment.--Subject to the availability of 
    appropriations, the Secretary shall establish a demonstration 
    project under which 1 or more tribal organizations may enter into 
    self-determination contracts to purchase agricultural commodities 
    under the food distribution program for the Indian reservation of 
    that tribal organization.
        (3) Eligibility.--
            (A) Consultation.--The Secretary shall consult with the 
        Secretary of the Interior and Indian tribes to determine the 
        process and criteria under which a tribal organization may 
        participate in the demonstration project.
            (B) Criteria.--The Secretary shall select for participation 
        in the demonstration project tribal organizations that--
                (i) are successfully administering the food 
            distribution program of the tribal organization under 
            section 4(b)(2)(B) of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 
            U.S.C. 2013(b)(2)(B)),
                (ii) have the capacity to purchase agricultural 
            commodities in accordance with paragraph (4) for the food 
            distribution program of the tribal organization, and
                (iii) meet any other criteria determined by the 
            Secretary, in consultation with the Secretary of the 
            Interior and Indian tribes.
        (4) Procurement of agricultural commodities.--Any agricultural 
    commodities purchased by a tribal organization under the 
    demonstration project shall--
            (A) be domestically produced,
            (B) supplant, not supplement, the type of agricultural 
        commodities in existing food packages for that tribal 
        organization,
            (C) be of similar or higher nutritional value as the type 
        of agricultural commodities that would be supplanted in the 
        existing food package for that tribal organization, and
            (D) meet any other criteria determined by the Secretary.
        (5) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date on which 
    funds are appropriated under paragraph (6) and annually thereafter, 
    the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Agriculture of the 
    House of Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, 
    Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report describing the 
    activities carried out under the demonstration project during the 
    preceding year.
        (6) Funding.--
            (A) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized 
        to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this 
        subsection $5,000,000, to remain available until expended.
            (B) Appropriations in advance.--Only funds appropriated 
        under subparagraph (A) in advance specifically to carry out 
        this subsection shall be available to carry out this 
        subsection.
    (c) Conforming Amendment.--Section 3(v) of the Food and Nutrition 
Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2012(v)) is amended by striking ``the Indian 
Self-Determination Act (25 U.S.C. 450b(b))'' and inserting ``section 4 
of the Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act (25 
U.S.C. 5304)''.
SEC. 4004. SIMPLIFIED HOMELESS HOUSING COSTS.
    Section 5(e)(6)(D) of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 
2014(e)(6)(D)) is amended--
        (1) by redesignating clause (ii) as clause (iii), and
        (2) by striking clause (i) and inserting the following:
                ``(i) Alternative deduction.--The State agency shall 
            allow a deduction of $143 a month for households--

                    ``(I) in which all members are homeless 
                individuals;
                    ``(II) that are not receiving free shelter 
                throughout the month; and
                    ``(III) that do not opt to claim an excess shelter 
                expense deduction under subparagraph (A).

                ``(ii) Adjustment.--For fiscal year 2019 and each 
            subsequent fiscal year the amount of the homeless shelter 
            deduction specified in clause (i) shall be adjusted to 
            reflect changes for the 12-month period ending the 
            preceding November 30 in the Consumer Price Index for All 
            Urban Consumers published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics 
            of the Department of Labor.''.
SEC. 4005. EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING FOR SUPPLEMENTAL NUTRITION 
ASSISTANCE PROGRAM.
    (a) Employment and Training Programs That Meet State and Local 
Workforce Needs.--Section 6(d)(4) of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 
(7 U.S.C. 2015(d)(4)) is amended--
        (1) in subparagraph (A)--
            (A) in clause (i)--
                (i) by inserting ``, in consultation with the State 
            workforce development board, or, if the State demonstrates 
            that consultation with private employers or employer 
            organizations would be more effective or efficient, in 
            consultation with private employers or employer 
            organizations,'' after ``designed by the State agency'', 
            and
                (ii) by striking ``that will increase their ability to 
            obtain regular employment.'' and inserting the following: 
            ``that will--

                    ``(I) increase the ability of the household members 
                to obtain regular employment; and
                    ``(II) meet State or local workforce needs.'', and

            (B) in clause (ii) by inserting ``and implemented to meet 
        the purposes of clause (i)'' after ``under this paragraph'',
        (2) in subparagraph (B)--
            (A) in the matter preceding clause (i), by inserting ``case 
        management services such as comprehensive intake assessments, 
        individualized service plans, progress monitoring, or 
        coordination with service providers and'' after ``contains'',
            (B) in clause (iv) by redesignating subclauses (I) and (II) 
        as items (aa) and (bb), respectively, and indenting 
        appropriately,
            (C) by redesignating clauses (i) through (vii) and clause 
        (viii) as subclauses (I) through (VII) and subclause (IX), 
        respectively, and indenting appropriately,
            (D) by striking subclause (I), as so redesignated, and 
        inserting the following:

                    ``(I) Supervised job search programs that occur at 
                State-approved locations at which the activities of 
                participants shall be directly supervised and the 
                timing and activities of participants tracked in 
                accordance with guidelines issued by the State.'',

            (E) in subclause (II), as so redesignated, by striking 
        ``jobs skills assessments, job finding clubs, training in 
        techniques for'' and inserting ``employability assessments, 
        training in techniques to increase'',
            (F) in subclause (IV), as so redesignated, in the first 
        sentence, by inserting ``, including subsidized employment and 
        apprenticeships'' before the period at the end,
            (G) in subclause (VII), as so redesignated, by inserting 
        ``not less than 30 days but'' after ``period of'',
            (H) by inserting after subclause (VII), as so redesignated, 
        the following:

                    ``(VIII) Programs and activities under clause (iv) 
                of section 16(h)(1)(F) that the Secretary determines, 
                based on results from the independent evaluations 
                conducted under clause (vii)(I) of such section, have 
                the most demonstrable impact on the ability of 
                participants to find and retain employment that leads 
                to increased household income and reduced reliance on 
                public assistance.'',

            (I) in the matter preceding subclause (I), as so 
        redesignated--
                (i) by striking ``this subparagraph'' and inserting 
            ``this clause'', and
                (ii) by striking ``(B) For purposes of this Act, an'' 
            and inserting the following:
            ``(B) Definitions.--In this Act:
                ``(i) Employment and training program.--The term'', and
            (J) by adding at the end the following:
                ``(ii) Workforce partnership.--

                    ``(I) In general.--The term `workforce partnership' 
                means a program that--

                        ``(aa) is operated by--
                            ``(AA) a private employer, an organization 
                        representing private employers, or a nonprofit 
                        organization providing services relating to 
                        workforce development; or
                            ``(BB) an entity identified as an eligible 
                        provider of training services under section 
                        122(d) of the Workforce Innovation and 
                        Opportunity Act (29 U.S.C. 3152(d));
                        ``(bb) the Secretary certifies, or the State 
                    agency certifies to the Secretary--
                            ``(AA) subject to subparagraph (N)(ii), 
                        would assist participants who are members of 
                        households participating in the supplemental 
                        nutrition assistance program in gaining high-
                        quality, work-relevant skills, training, work, 
                        or experience that will increase the ability of 
                        the participants to obtain regular employment;
                            ``(BB) subject to subparagraph (N)(ii), 
                        would provide participants with not less than 
                        20 hours per week of training, work, or 
                        experience under subitem (AA);
                            ``(CC) would not use any funds authorized 
                        to be appropriated by this Act;
                            ``(DD) would provide sufficient 
                        information, on request by the State agency, 
                        for the State agency to determine that 
                        participants who are members of households 
                        participating in the supplemental nutrition 
                        assistance program are fulfilling any 
                        applicable work requirement under this 
                        subsection or subsection (o);
                            ``(EE) would be willing to serve as a 
                        reference for participants who are members of 
                        households participating in the supplemental 
                        nutrition assistance program for future 
                        employment or work-related programs; and
                            ``(FF) meets any other criteria established 
                        by the Secretary, on the condition that the 
                        Secretary shall not establish any additional 
                        criteria that would impose significant 
                        paperwork burdens on the workforce partnership; 
                        and
                        ``(cc) is in compliance with the Fair Labor 
                    Standards Act of 1938 (29 U.S.C. 201 et seq.), if 
                    applicable.

                    ``(II) Inclusion.--The term `workforce partnership' 
                includes a multistate program.'',

        (3) in subparagraph (E)--
            (A) in the second sentence, by striking ``Such 
        requirements'' and inserting the following:
                ``(ii) Variation.--The requirements under clause (i)'',
            (B) by striking ``(E) Each State'' and inserting the 
        following:
            ``(E) Requirements for participation for certain 
        individuals.--
                ``(i) In general.--Each State'', and
            (C) by adding at the end the following:
                ``(iii) Application to workforce partnerships.--To the 
            extent that a State agency requires an individual to 
            participate in an employment and training program, the 
            State agency shall consider an individual participating in 
            a workforce partnership to be in compliance with the 
            employment and training requirements.'',
        (4) in subparagraph (H), by striking ``(B)(v)'' and inserting 
    ``(B)(i)(V)'', and
        (5) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(N) Workforce partnerships.--
                ``(i) Certification.--In certifying that a program 
            meets the requirements of subitems (AA) and (BB) of 
            subparagraph (B)(ii)(I)(bb) to be certified as a workforce 
            partnership, the Secretary or the State agency shall 
            require that the program submit to the Secretary or State 
            agency sufficient information that describes--

                    ``(I) the services and activities of the program 
                that would provide participants with not less than 20 
                hours per week of training, work, or experience under 
                those subitems; and
                    ``(II) how the program would provide services and 
                activities described in subclause (I) that would 
                directly enhance the employability or job readiness of 
                the participant.

                ``(ii) Supplement, not supplant.--A State agency may 
            use a workforce partnership to supplement, not to supplant, 
            the employment and training program of the State agency.
                ``(iii) Participation.--A State agency--

                    ``(I) shall--

                        ``(aa) maintain a list of workforce 
                    partnerships certified under subparagraph 
                    (B)(ii)(I)(bb); and
                        ``(bb) not less frequently than at 
                    certification and recertification, provide to a 
                    household member subject to work requirements under 
                    subsection (d)(1) or subsection (o), electronically 
                    or by other means, the list described in item (aa); 
                    but

                    ``(II) may not require any member of a household 
                participating in the supplemental nutrition assistance 
                program to participate in a workforce partnership.

                ``(iv) Effect.--

                    ``(I) In general.--A workforce partnership shall 
                not replace the employment or training of an individual 
                not participating in the workforce partnership.
                    ``(II) Selection.--Nothing in this subsection or 
                subsection (o) affects the criteria or screening 
                process for selecting participants by a workforce 
                partnership.

                ``(v) Limitation on reporting requirements.--In 
            carrying out this subparagraph, the Secretary and each 
            applicable State agency shall limit the reporting 
            requirements of a workforce partnership to--

                    ``(I) on notification that an individual is 
                receiving supplemental nutrition assistance program 
                benefits, notifying the applicable State agency that 
                the individual is participating in the workforce 
                partnership;
                    ``(II) identifying participants who have completed 
                or are no longer participating in the workforce 
                partnership;
                    ``(III) identifying changes to the workforce 
                partnership that result in the workforce partnership no 
                longer meeting the certification requirements of the 
                Secretary or the State agency under subparagraph 
                (B)(ii)(I)(bb); and
                    ``(IV) providing sufficient information, on request 
                by the State agency, for the State agency to verify 
                that a participant is fulfilling any applicable work 
                requirements under this subsection or subsection (o).

            ``(O) Referral of certain individuals.--
                ``(i) In general.--In accordance with such regulations 
            as may be issued by the Secretary, with respect to any 
            individual who is not eligible for an exemption under 
            paragraph (2) and who is determined by the operator of an 
            employment and training program component to be ill-suited 
            to participate in that employment and training program 
            component, the State agency shall--

                    ``(I) refer the individual to an appropriate 
                employment and training program component;
                    ``(II) refer the individual to an appropriate 
                workforce partnership, if available;
                    ``(III) reassess the physical and mental fitness of 
                the individual under paragraph (1)(A); or
                    ``(IV) to the maximum extent practicable, 
                coordinate with other Federal, State, or local 
                workforce or assistance programs to identify work 
                opportunities or assistance for the individual.

                ``(ii) Process.--In carrying out clause (i), the State 
            agency shall ensure that an individual undergoing and 
            complying with the process established under that clause 
            shall not be found to have refused without good cause to 
            participate in an employment and training program.''.
    (b) Work Requirements.--Section 6(o) of the Food and Nutrition Act 
of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2015(o)) is amended--
        (1) in paragraph (1)--
            (A) in subparagraph (B) by striking ``and'' at the end,
            (B) in subparagraph (C) by striking ``job search program or 
        a job search training program.'' and inserting ``supervised job 
        search program or job search training program;'', and
            (C) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(D) a program of employment and training for veterans 
        operated by the Department of Labor or the Department of 
        Veterans Affairs, and approved by the Secretary; and
            ``(E) a workforce partnership under subsection 
        (d)(4)(N).'',
        (2) in paragraph (4)(A) by inserting ``and with the support of 
    the chief executive officer of the State'' after ``agency'', and
        (3) in paragraph (6)--
            (A) in the heading by striking ``15-percent exemption'' and 
        inserting ``Exemptions'',
            (B) in subparagraph (B) by striking ``(G)'' and inserting 
        ``(H)'',
            (C) in subparagraph (C) by striking ``(E) and (G)'' and 
        inserting ``(F) and (H)'' ,
            (D) in subparagraph (D)--
                (i) in the heading by striking ``Subsequent fiscal 
            years'' and inserting ``Fiscal years 1999 through 2019'',
                (ii) by striking ``(E) through (G)'' and inserting 
            ``(F) through (H)'', and
                (iii) by striking ``year,'' and inserting ``year 
            through fiscal year 2019,'',
            (E) in subparagraph (E) by striking ``or (D)'' and 
        inserting ``, (D), or (E)'',
            (F) by redesignating subparagraphs (E), (F), and (G) as 
        subparagraphs (F), (G), and (H), respectively, and
            (G) by inserting after subparagraph (D) the following:
            ``(E) Subsequent fiscal years.--Subject to subparagraphs 
        (F) through (H), for fiscal year 2020 and each subsequent 
        fiscal year, a State agency may provide a number of exemptions 
        such that the average monthly number of exemptions in effect 
        during the fiscal year does not exceed 12 percent of the number 
        of covered individuals in the State, as estimated by the 
        Secretary under subparagraph (C), adjusted by the Secretary to 
        reflect changes in the State's caseload and the Secretary's 
        estimate of changes in the proportion of members of households 
        that receive supplemental nutrition assistance program benefits 
        covered by waivers granted under paragraph (4).''.
    (c) State Plans.--Section 11 of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 
(7 U.S.C. 2020) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (e)(19) by inserting ``the extent to which 
    such programs will be carried out in coordination with the 
    activities carried out under title I of the Workforce Innovation 
    and Opportunity Act (29 U.S.C. 3111 et seq.),'' before ``and the 
    basis,'', and
        (2) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(w) For households containing at least one adult, with no elderly 
or disabled members and with no earned income at their last 
certification or required report, a State agency shall, at the time of 
recertification, be required to advise members of the household not 
exempt under section 6(d)(2) regarding available employment and 
training services.''.
    (d) Funding of Employment and Training Programs.--Section 16(h) of 
the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2025(h)) is amended--
        (1) in paragraph (1)--
            (A) in subparagraph (A) by striking ``$90,000,000'' and 
        inserting ``$103,900,000'',
            (B) in subparagraph (C)--
                (i) in clause (i) by inserting ``, subject to clauses 
            (ii) through (v),'' after ``(B), the Secretary'', and
                (ii) by adding at the end the following:
                ``(iv) Priority.--The Secretary shall reallocate funds 
            under this subparagraph as follows:

                    ``(I)(aa) Subject to items (bb) and (cc), not less 
                than 50 percent shall be reallocated to State agencies 
                requesting such funds to conduct employment and 
                training programs and activities for which such State 
                agencies had previously received funding under 
                subparagraph (F)(viii) that the Secretary determines 
                have the most demonstrable impact on the ability of 
                participants to find and retain employment that leads 
                to increased household income and reduced reliance on 
                public assistance.
                    ``(bb) The Secretary shall base the determination 
                under item (aa) on--

                        ``(AA) project results from the independent 
                    evaluations conducted under subparagraph 
                    (F)(vii)(I); or
                        ``(BB) if the project results from the 
                    independent evaluations conducted under 
                    subparagraph (F)(vii)(I) are not yet available, the 
                    reports under subparagraph (F)(vii)(II) or other 
                    information relating to performance of the programs 
                    and activities funded under subparagraph (F)(viii).

                    ``(cc) Employment and training activities funded 
                under this subclause are not subject to subparagraph 
                (F)(vii), but are subject to monitoring under paragraph 
                (h)(5).
                    ``(II) Not less than 30 percent shall be 
                reallocated to State agencies requesting such funds to 
                implement or continue employment and training programs 
                and activities under section 6(d)(4)(B)(i) that the 
                Secretary determines have the most demonstrable impact 
                on the ability of participants to find and retain 
                employment that leads to increased household income and 
                reduced reliance on public assistance, including 
                programs and activities that are targeted to--

                        ``(aa) individuals 50 years of age or older;
                        ``(bb) formerly incarcerated individuals;
                        ``(cc) individuals participating in a substance 
                    abuse treatment program;
                        ``(dd) homeless individuals;
                        ``(ee) people with disabilities seeking to 
                    enter the workforce;
                        ``(ff) other individuals with substantial 
                    barriers to employment; or
                        ``(gg) households facing multi-generational 
                    poverty, to support employment and workforce 
                    participation through an integrated and family-
                    focused approach in providing supportive services.

                    ``(III) The Secretary shall reallocate any 
                remaining funds available under this subparagraph, to 
                State agencies requesting such funds to use for 
                employment and training programs and activities that 
                the Secretary determines have the most demonstrable 
                impact on the ability of participants to find and 
                retain employment that leads to increased household 
                income and reduced reliance on public assistance under 
                section 6(d)(4)(B)(i).

                ``(v) Consideration.--In reallocating funds under this 
            subparagraph, a State agency that receives reallocated 
            funds under clause (iv)(I) may also be considered for 
            reallocated funding under clause (iv)(II).'', and
            (C) in subparagraph (D) by striking ``$50,000'' and 
        inserting ``$100,000'', and
        (2) in paragraph (5)(B) by adding at the end the following:
                ``(v) State option.--The State agency may report 
            relevant data from a workforce partnership carried out 
            under section 6(d)(4)(N) to demonstrate the number of 
            program participants served by the workforce 
            partnership.''.
    (e) Expired Authority.--Section 17(b) of the Food and Nutrition Act 
of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2026(b)) is amended--
        (1) by striking paragraph (2), and
        (2) by redesignating paragraph (3) as paragraph (2).
SEC. 4006. IMPROVEMENTS TO ELECTRONIC BENEFIT TRANSFER SYSTEM.
    (a) EBT Portability.--Section 7(f)(5) of the Food and Nutrition Act 
of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2016(f)(5)) is amended by adding at the end the 
following:
            ``(C) Operation of individual point of sale device by 
        farmers' markets and direct marketing farmers.--A farmers' 
        market or direct marketing farmer that is exempt under 
        paragraph (2)(B)(i) shall be allowed to operate an individual 
        electronic benefit transfer point of sale device at more than 1 
        location under the same supplemental nutrition assistance 
        program authorization, if--
                ``(i) the farmers' market or direct marketing farmer 
            provides to the Secretary information on location and hours 
            of operation at each location; and
                ``(ii)(I) the point of sale device used by the farmers' 
            market or direct marketing farmer is capable of providing 
            location information of the device through the electronic 
            benefit transfer system; or
                ``(II) if the Secretary determines that the technology 
            is not available for a point of sale device to meet the 
            requirement under subclause (I), the farmers' market or 
            direct marketing farmer provides to the Secretary any other 
            information, as determined by the Secretary, necessary to 
            ensure the integrity of transactions processed using the 
            point of sale device.''.
    (b) Modernization of Electronic Benefit Transfer Regulations.--The 
1st sentence of section 7(h)(2) of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 
(7 U.S.C. 2016(h)(2)) is amended by inserting ``and shall periodically 
review such regulations and modify such regulations to take into 
account evolving technology and comparable industry standards'' before 
the period at the end.
    (c) Benefit Recovery.--Section 7(h)(12) of the Food and Nutrition 
Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2016(h)(12)) is amended--
        (1) in subparagraph (A) by inserting ``, or due to the death of 
    all members of the household'' after ``inactivity'', and
        (2) by striking subparagraphs (B) and (C) and inserting the 
    following:
            ``(B) Benefit storage.--
                ``(i) In general.--A State agency may store recovered 
            electronic benefits off-line in accordance with clause 
            (ii), if the household has not accessed the account after 3 
            months.
                ``(ii) Notice of benefit storage.--A State agency 
            shall--

                    ``(I) send notice to a household the benefits of 
                which are stored under clause (i); and
                    ``(II) not later than 48 hours after request by the 
                household, make the stored benefits available to the 
                household.

            ``(C) Benefit expunging.--
                ``(i) In general.--Subject to clause (ii), a State 
            agency shall expunge benefits that have not been accessed 
            by a household after a period of 9 months, or upon 
            verification that all members of the household are 
            deceased.
                ``(ii) Notice of benefit expunging.--Not later than 30 
            days before benefits are to be expunged under clause (i), a 
            State agency shall--

                    ``(I) provide sufficient notice to the household 
                that benefits will be expunged due to inactivity, and 
                the date upon which benefits will be expunged;
                    ``(II) for benefits stored off-line in accordance 
                with subparagraph (B), provide the household an 
                opportunity to request that such benefits be restored 
                to the household; and
                    ``(III) not later than 48 hours after request by 
                the household, make the benefits available to the 
                household.''.

    (d) Prohibited Fees.--Section 7 of the Food and Nutrition Act of 
2008 (7 U.S.C. 2016) is amended--
        (1) by amending subsection (h)(13) to read as follows:
        ``(13) Fees.--
            ``(A) Interchange fees.--No interchange fees shall apply to 
        electronic benefit transfer transactions under this subsection.
            ``(B) Other fees.--Effective through fiscal year 2023, 
        neither a State, nor any agent, contractor, or subcontractor of 
        a State who facilitates the provision of supplemental nutrition 
        assistance program benefits in such State may impose a fee for 
        switching (as defined in subsection (j)(1)(H)) or routing such 
        benefits.'', and
        (2) by amending subsection (j)(1)(H) to read as follows:
            ``(H) Switching.--The term `switching' means the routing of 
        an intrastate or interstate transaction that consists of 
        transmitting the details of a transaction electronically 
        recorded through the use of an electronic benefit transfer card 
        in one State to the issuer of the card that may be in the same 
        or different State.''.
    (e) Mobile Technologies.--Section 7(h)(14) of the Food and 
Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2016(h)(14)) is amended--
        (1) by amending subparagraph (A) to read as follows:
            ``(A) In general.--Subject to subparagraph (B), the 
        Secretary shall authorize the use of mobile technologies for 
        the purpose of accessing supplemental nutrition assistance 
        program benefits.'',
        (2) in subparagraph (B)--
            (A) by striking the heading and inserting ``Demonstration 
        projects on access of benefits through mobile technologies'',
            (B) by amending clause (i) to read as follows:
                ``(i) Demonstration projects.--Before authorizing 
            implementation of subparagraph (A) in all States, the 
            Secretary shall approve not more than 5 demonstration 
            project proposals submitted by State agencies that will 
            pilot the use of mobile technologies for supplemental 
            nutrition assistance program benefits access.'',
            (C) in clause (ii)--
                (i) in the heading by striking ``Demonstration 
            projects'' and inserting ``Project requirements'',
                (ii) by striking ``retail food store'' the first place 
            it appears and inserting ``State agency'',
                (iii) by striking ``includes'',
                (iv) by striking subclauses (I), (II), (III), and (IV), 
            and inserting the following:

                    ``(I) provides recipient protections regarding 
                privacy, ease of use, household access to benefits, and 
                support similar to the protections provided under 
                existing methods;
                    ``(II) ensures that all recipients, including those 
                without access to mobile payment technology and those 
                who shop across State borders, have a means of benefit 
                access;
                    ``(III) requires retail food stores, unless exempt 
                under section 7(f)(2)(B), to bear the costs of 
                acquiring and arranging for the implementation of 
                point-of-sale equipment and supplies for the redemption 
                of benefits that are accessed through mobile 
                technologies;
                    ``(IV) requires that foods purchased with benefits 
                issued under this section through mobile technologies 
                are purchased at a price not higher than the price of 
                the same food purchased by other methods used by the 
                retail food store, as determined by the Secretary;
                    ``(V) ensures adequate documentation for each 
                authorized transaction, adequate security measures to 
                deter fraud, and adequate access to retail food stores 
                that accept benefits accessed through mobile 
                technologies, as determined by the Secretary;
                    ``(VI) provides for an evaluation of the 
                demonstration project, including, but not limited to, 
                an evaluation of household access to benefits;
                    ``(VII) requires that the State demonstration 
                projects are voluntary for all retail food stores and 
                that all recipients are able to use benefits in non-
                participating retail food stores; and
                    ``(VIII) meets other criteria as established by the 
                Secretary.'',

            (D) by amending clause (iii) to read as follows:
                ``(iv) Date of project approval.--The Secretary shall 
            solicit and approve the qualifying demonstration projects 
            required under subparagraph (B)(i) not later than January 
            1, 2021.'', and
            (E) by inserting after clause (ii) the following:
                ``(iii) Priority.--The Secretary may prioritize 
            demonstration project proposals that would--

                    ``(I) reduce fraud;
                    ``(II) encourage positive nutritional outcomes; and
                    ``(III) meet such other criteria as determined by 
                the Secretary.'', and

        (3) in subparagraph (C)(i)--
            (A) by striking ``2017'' and inserting ``2022'', and
            (B) by inserting ``requires further study by way of an 
        extended pilot period or'' after ``States'' the 2d place it 
        appears.
    (f) Approval of Retail Food Stores.--Section 9 of the Food and 
Nutrition Act (7 U.S.C. 2018) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (a)(1)--
            (A) in the 4th sentence by striking ``No retail food 
        store'' and inserting the following:
            ``(D) Visit required.--No retail food store'',
            (B) in the 3d sentence by striking ``Approval'' and 
        inserting the following:
            ``(C) Certificate.--Approval'',
            (C) in the 2d sentence--
                (i) by striking ``food; and (D) the'' and inserting the 
            following: ``food;
                ``(iv) any information, if available, about the ability 
            of the anticipated or existing electronic benefit transfer 
            equipment and service provider of the applicant to provide 
            sufficient information through the electronic benefit 
            transfer system to minimize the risk of fraudulent 
            transactions; and
                ``(v) the'',
                (ii) by striking ``concern; (C) whether'' and inserting 
            the following: ``concern;
                ``(iii) whether'',
                (iii) by striking ``applicant; (B) the'' and inserting 
            the following: ``applicant;
                ``(ii) the'',
                (iv) by striking ``following: (A) the nature'' and 
            inserting the following: ``following:
                ``(i) the nature'', and
                (v) in the matter preceding clause (i), as so 
            designated, by striking ``In determining'' and inserting 
            the following:
            ``(B) Factors for consideration.--In determining'', and
            (D) in the 1st sentence by striking ``(a)(1) Regulations'' 
        and inserting the following:
    ``(a) Authorization to Accept and Redeem Benefits.--
        ``(1) Applications.--
            ``(A) In general.--Regulations'',
        (2) in subsection (a) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(4) Electronic benefit transfer equipment and service 
    providers.--Before implementing clause (iv) of paragraph (1)(B), 
    the Secretary shall issue guidance for retail food stores on how to 
    select electronic benefit transfer equipment and service providers 
    that are able to meet the requirements of that clause.'', and
        (3) in the 1st sentence of subsection (c) by inserting 
    ``records relating to electronic benefit transfer equipment and 
    related services, transaction and redemption data provided through 
    the electronic benefit transfer system,'' after ``purchase 
    invoices,''.
SEC. 4007. REVIEW OF SUPPLEMENTAL NUTRITION ASSISTANCE PROGRAM 
OPERATIONS.
    Section 9 of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2018) is 
amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(i) Review of Program Operations.--
        ``(1) Review by the secretary.--The Secretary--
            ``(A) shall review a representative sample of currently 
        authorized facilities referred to in section 3(k)(3) to 
        determine whether benefits are properly used by or on behalf of 
        participating households residing in such facilities and 
        whether such facilities are using more than 1 source of Federal 
        or State funding to meet the food needs of residents;
            ``(B) may carry out similar reviews for currently 
        participating residential drug and alcohol treatment and 
        rehabilitation programs, and group living arrangements for the 
        blind and disabled, referred to in section 3(k);
            ``(C) shall gather information, and such facilities, 
        programs, and arrangements shall be required to submit 
        information deemed necessary for a full and thorough review; 
        and
            ``(D) shall report the results of these reviews to the 
        Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives and 
        the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the 
        Senate not later than 18 months after the date of the enactment 
        of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018, along with 
        recommendations regarding--
                ``(i) any additional requirements or oversight that 
            would be appropriate for such facilities, programs, and 
            arrangements; and
                ``(ii) whether such facilities, programs, and 
            arrangements should continue to be authorized to 
            participate in the supplemental nutrition assistance 
            program.
        ``(2) Limitation.--Nothing in this subsection shall authorize 
    the Secretary to deny any application for continued authorization, 
    any application for authorization, or any request to withdraw the 
    authorization of any such facility, program, or arrangement based 
    on a determination that residents of any such facility or entity 
    are residents of an institution for a period of 18 months from the 
    date of enactment of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018.''.
SEC. 4008. RETAIL INCENTIVES.
    Section 9 of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2018), as 
amended by section 4007, is amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(j) Incentives.--
        ``(1) Definition of eligible incentive food.--In this 
    subsection, the term `eligible incentive food' means--
            ``(A) a staple food that is identified for increased 
        consumption, consistent with the most recent dietary 
        recommendations; and
            ``(B) a fruit, vegetable, dairy, whole grain, or product 
        thereof.
        ``(2) Guidance.--
            ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall issue guidance to 
        clarify the process by which an approved retail food store may 
        seek a waiver to offer an incentive, which may be used only for 
        the purchase of an eligible incentive food at the point of 
        purchase, to a household purchasing food with benefits issued 
        under this Act.
            ``(B) Guidance.--The guidance under subparagraph (A) shall 
        establish a process under which an approved retail food store, 
        prior to carrying out an incentive program under this 
        subsection, shall provide to the Secretary information 
        describing the incentive program, including--
                ``(i) the types of incentives that will be offered;
                ``(ii) the types of foods that will be incentivized for 
            purchase; and
                ``(iii) an explanation of how the incentive program 
            intends to support meeting dietary intake goals.
        ``(3) No limitation on benefits.--A waiver granted under this 
    subsection shall not be used to carry out any activity that limits 
    the use of benefits under this Act or any other Federal nutrition 
    law.
        ``(4) Effect.--Guidance provided under this subsection shall 
    not affect any requirements under section 4405 of the Food, 
    Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 7517), including the 
    eligibility of a retail food store to participate in a project 
    funded under such section.
        ``(5) Report.--The Secretary shall submit to the Committee on 
    Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the Committee on 
    Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate an annual report 
    describing the types of incentives approved under this 
    subsection.''.
SEC. 4009. REQUIRED ACTION ON DATA MATCH INFORMATION.
    Section 11(e) of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 
2020(e)) is amended--
        (1) in paragraph (24) by striking ``and'' after the semicolon,
        (2) in paragraph (25) by striking the period at the end and 
    inserting ``; and'', and
        (3) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(26) that for a household participating in the supplemental 
    nutrition assistance program, the State agency shall pursue 
    clarification and verification, if applicable, of information 
    relating to the circumstances of the household received from data 
    matches for the purpose of ensuring an accurate eligibility and 
    benefit determination, only if the information--
            ``(A) appears to present significantly conflicting 
        information from the information that was used by the State 
        agency at the time of certification of the household;
            ``(B) is obtained from data matches carried out under 
        subsection (q), (r), or (x); or
            ``(C)(i) is less than 60 days old relative to the current 
        month of participation of the household; and
            ``(ii) if accurate, would have been required to be reported 
        by the household based on the reporting requirements assigned 
        to the household by the State agency under section 6(c).''.
SEC. 4010. INCENTIVIZING TECHNOLOGY MODERNIZATION.
    Section 11(t) of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 
2020(t)) is amended--
        (1) by striking the heading and inserting ``Grants for 
    Simplified Application and Eligibility Determination Systems and 
    Improved Access to Benefits'',
        (2) in paragraph (1) by striking ``implement--'' and all that 
    follows through the period at the end, and inserting ``implement 
    supplemental nutrition assistance program simplified application 
    and eligibility determination systems.'', and
        (3) in paragraph (2)--
            (A) by amending subparagraph (B) to read as follows:
            ``(B) establishing enhanced technological methods that 
        improve the administrative infrastructure used in processing 
        applications and determining eligibility; or'',
            (B) by striking subparagraphs (C) and (D), and
            (C) by redesignating subparagraph (E) as subparagraph (C).
SEC. 4011. INTERSTATE DATA MATCHING TO PREVENT MULTIPLE ISSUANCES.
    Section 11 of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2020), 
as amended by section 4005(c), is amended by adding at the end the 
following:
    ``(x) National Accuracy Clearinghouse.--
        ``(1) Definition of indication of multiple issuance.--In this 
    subsection, the term `indication of multiple issuance' means an 
    indication, based on a computer match, that supplemental nutrition 
    assistance program benefits are being issued to an individual by 
    more than 1 State agency simultaneously.
        ``(2) Establishment.--
            ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall establish an 
        interstate data system, to be known as the `National Accuracy 
        Clearinghouse', to prevent multiple issuances of supplemental 
        nutrition assistance program benefits to an individual by more 
        than 1 State agency simultaneously.
            ``(B) Data matching.--The Secretary shall require that 
        State agencies make available to the National Accuracy 
        Clearinghouse only such information as is necessary for the 
        purpose described in subparagraph (A).
            ``(C) Data protection.--The information made available by 
        State agencies under subparagraph (B)--
                ``(i) shall be used only for the purpose described in 
            subparagraph (A);
                ``(ii) shall be exempt from the disclosure requirements 
            of section 552(a) of title 5 of the United States Code 
            pursuant to section 552(b)(3) of title 5 of the United 
            States Code, to the extent such information is obtained or 
            received by the Secretary;
                ``(iii) shall not be retained for longer than is 
            necessary to accomplish the purpose in subparagraph (A);
                ``(iv) shall be used in a manner that protects the 
            identity and location of a vulnerable individual (including 
            a victim of domestic violence) that is an applicant for, or 
            recipient of, supplemental nutrition assistance program 
            benefits; and
                ``(v) shall meet security standards as determined by 
            the Secretary.
        ``(3) Issuance of interim final regulations.--Not later than 18 
    months after the date of enactment of the Agriculture Improvement 
    Act of 2018, the Secretary shall promulgate regulations (which 
    shall include interim final regulations) to carry out this 
    subsection that--
            ``(A) incorporate best practices and lessons learned from 
        the pilot program under section 4032(c) of the Agricultural Act 
        of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 2036c(c));
            ``(B) require a State agency to take appropriate action, as 
        determined by the Secretary, with respect to each indication of 
        multiple issuance of supplemental nutrition assistance program 
        benefits, or each indication that an individual receiving such 
        benefits in 1 State has applied to receive such benefits in 
        another State, while ensuring timely and fair service to 
        applicants for, and recipients of, such benefits;
            ``(C) establish standards to limit and protect the 
        information submitted through or retained by the National 
        Accuracy Clearinghouse consistent with paragraph (2)(C);
            ``(D) establish safeguards to protect--
                ``(i) the information submitted through or retained by 
            the National Accuracy Clearinghouse, including by limiting 
            the period of time that information is retained to the 
            period necessary to accomplish the purpose described in 
            paragraph (2)(A); and
                ``(ii) the privacy of information that is submitted 
            through or retained by the National Accuracy Clearinghouse 
            consistent with subsection (e)(8); and
            ``(E) include such other rules and standards the Secretary 
        determines appropriate to carry out this subsection.
        ``(4) Timing.--The initial match and corresponding actions 
    required by paragraph (3)(B) shall occur within 3 years after the 
    date of the enactment of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 
    2018.''.
SEC. 4012. REQUIREMENT OF LIVE-PRODUCTION ENVIRONMENTS FOR CERTAIN 
PILOT PROJECTS RELATING TO COST SHARING FOR COMPUTERIZATION.
    Section 16(g)(1) of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 
2025(g)(1)) is amended--
        (1) in subparagraph (F) by redesignating clauses (i) and (ii) 
    as subclauses (I) and (II), respectively, and indenting 
    appropriately;
        (2) by redesignating subparagraphs (A) through (F) as clauses 
    (i) through (vi), respectively, and indenting appropriately;
        (3) in the matter preceding clause (i), as so redesignated--
            (A) by striking ``paragraphs (2) and (3)'' and inserting 
        ``paragraph (2)''; and
            (B) by striking ``in the planning'' and inserting the 
        following: ``in the--
            ``(A) planning'',
        (4) in clause (v), as so redesignated, of subparagraph (A), as 
    so designated, by striking ``implementation, including through 
    pilot projects in limited areas for major systems changes as 
    determined under rules promulgated by the Secretary, data from 
    which'' and inserting the following: ``implementation, including a 
    requirement that--

                    ``(I) such testing shall be accomplished through 
                pilot projects in limited areas for major systems 
                changes (as determined under rules promulgated by the 
                Secretary);
                    ``(II) each pilot project described in subclause 
                (I) that is carried out before the implementation of a 
                system shall be conducted in a live-production 
                environment; and
                    ``(III) the data resulting from each pilot project 
                carried out under this clause'';

        (5) in clause (vi), as so redesignated, by striking the period 
    at end and inserting ``; and'', and
        (6) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(B) operation of 1 or more automatic data processing and 
        information retrieval systems that the Secretary determines may 
        continue to be operated in accordance with clauses (i) through 
        (vii) of subparagraph (A).''.
SEC. 4013. QUALITY CONTROL IMPROVEMENTS.
    (a) Records.--Section 11(a)(3)(B) of the Food and Nutrition Act of 
2008 (7 U.S.C. 2020(a)(3)(B)) is amended--
        (1) by striking ``Records described'' and inserting ``All 
    records, and the entire information systems in which records are 
    contained, that are covered'', and
        (2) by amending clause (i) to read as follows:
                ``(i) be made available for inspection and audit by the 
            Secretary, subject to data and security protocols agreed to 
            by the State agency and Secretary;''.
    (b) Quality Control System.--Section 16(c)(1)(B) of the Food and 
Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2025(c)(1)(B)) is amended to read as 
follows:
            ``(B) Quality control system integrity.--
                ``(i) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the 
            date of enactment of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 
            2018, the Secretary shall issue interim final regulations 
            that--

                    ``(I) ensure that the quality control system 
                established under this subsection produces valid 
                statistical results;
                    ``(II) provide for oversight of contracts entered 
                into by a State agency for the purpose of improving 
                payment accuracy;
                    ``(III) ensure the accuracy of data collected under 
                the quality control system established under this 
                subsection; and
                    ``(IV) for each fiscal year, to the maximum extent 
                practicable, provide for the evaluation of the 
                integrity of the quality control process of not fewer 
                than 2 State agencies, selected in accordance with 
                criteria determined by the Secretary.

                ``(ii) Debarment.--In accordance with the 
            nonprocurement debarment procedures under part 417 of title 
            2, Code of Federal Regulations, or successor regulations, 
            the Secretary shall debar any person that, in carrying out 
            the quality control system established under this 
            subsection, knowingly submits, or causes to be submitted, 
            false information to the Secretary.''.
    (c) Reporting Requirements.--The 1st sentence of section 16(c)(4) 
of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2025(c)(4)) is amended 
by inserting ``, including providing access to applicable State records 
and the entire information systems in which the records are 
contained,'' after ``necessary''.
    (d) State Performance Indicators.--Section 16(d) of the Food and 
Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2025(d)) is amended--
        (1) by striking the heading and inserting ``State Performance 
    Indicators'',
        (2) in paragraph (2)--
            (A) in the heading by striking ``and thereafter'' and 
        inserting ``through 2017'',
            (B) in subparagraph (A) by striking ``and each fiscal year 
        thereafter'' and inserting ``through fiscal year 2017'', and
            (C) in subparagraph (B) by striking ``and each fiscal year 
        thereafter'' and inserting ``through fiscal year 2017'', and
        (3) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(6) Fiscal year 2018 and fiscal years thereafter.--
            ``(A) With respect to fiscal year 2018 and each fiscal year 
        thereafter, the Secretary shall establish, by regulation, 
        performance criteria relating to--
                ``(i) actions taken to correct errors, reduce rates of 
            error, and improve eligibility determinations; and
                ``(ii) other indicators of effective administration 
            determined by the Secretary.
            ``(B) The Secretary shall not award performance bonus 
        payments to State agencies in fiscal year 2019 for fiscal year 
        2018 performance.''.
    (e) Cost Sharing for Computerization.--Section 16(g)(1)(A) of the 
Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2025(g)(1)(A)), as amended by 
section 4012, is amended--
        (1) in clause (v)(III) by striking ``and'', and
        (2) by adding at the end the following:
                ``(vii) would be accessible by the Secretary for 
            inspection and audit under section 11(a)(3)(B); and''.
SEC. 4014. EVALUATION OF CHILD SUPPORT ENFORCEMENT COOPERATION 
REQUIREMENTS.
    Section 17 of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2026) is 
amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(m) Evaluation of Child Support Enforcement Cooperation 
Requirements.--
        ``(1) In general.--The Secretary, in consultation with the 
    Secretary of Health and Human Services, shall conduct an 
    independent evaluation of a representative sample of States--
            ``(A) to assess the implementation and impact of the 
        eligibility requirements described in subsections (l) through 
        (n) of section 6 in States that have formerly implemented or 
        continue to implement those requirements, and the feasibility 
        of implementing those requirements in other States;
            ``(B) to assess the factors that contributed to the 
        decision of States that formerly implemented the eligibility 
        requirements described in each of subsections (l) through (n) 
        of section 6 to cease such implementation;
            ``(C) to review alternatives to the eligibility 
        requirements described in each of subsections (l) through (n) 
        of section 6 that are used by other States to assist 
        participants in the supplemental nutrition assistance program 
        to make or receive child support payments and the effectiveness 
        of those alternatives; and
            ``(D) to evaluate the costs and benefits to households and 
        to State agencies, of requiring State agencies to implement 
        each of the eligibility requirements described in subsections 
        (l) through (n) of section 6.
        ``(2) Evaluation.--The evaluation under paragraph (1) shall 
    include, to the maximum extent practicable, an assessment of--
            ``(A) the manner in which applicable State agencies 
        implement and enforce the eligibility requirements described in 
        subparagraph (A) of such paragraph, including--
                ``(i) the procedures used by each State to determine 
            cooperation, to sanction participants for failure to 
            cooperate, and to determine good cause for noncooperation 
            under each of subsections (l) through (n) of section 6; and
                ``(ii) the manner in which each State aligns the 
            procedures for implementing those eligibility requirements 
            with procedures for implementing other Federal programs 
            that require cooperation with child support enforcement, 
            including the program of block grants to States for 
            temporary assistance for needy families established under 
            part A of title IV of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 
            601 et seq.), the Medicaid program under title XIX of the 
            Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1396 et seq.), and programs 
            carried out under the Child Care and Development Block 
            Grant Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 9857 et seq.);
            ``(B) the Federal, State, and local costs associated with 
        implementing those eligibility requirements, including costs 
        incurred under this Act and by child support enforcement 
        agencies for personnel, technology upgrades, and other costs;
            ``(C) the effect of those eligibility requirements on the 
        establishment of new child support orders, the establishment of 
        paternity, changes in child support payments to custodial 
        households, and changes in arrears owed on child support 
        orders;
            ``(D) with respect to the eligibility requirements under 
        each of subsections (l) through (n) of section 6--
                ``(i) the number of individuals subject to those 
            requirements;
                ``(ii) the number of individuals in each State who meet 
            those requirements; and
                ``(iii) the number of individuals in each State who 
            fail to meet those requirements;
            ``(E) the number of individuals in each State for whom good 
        cause for noncooperation has been found under section 6(l)(2);
            ``(F) the impact of those eligibility requirements on the 
        supplemental nutrition assistance program eligibility, benefit 
        levels, food security, income, and economic stability of--
                ``(i) individuals subject to those requirements;
                ``(ii) the household members of those individuals, 
            including children; and
                ``(iii) households with nontraditional family 
            structures, including a household in which a grandparent is 
            the primary caretaker of a grandchild of the grandparent.
        ``(3) State agency cooperation.--Each State agency selected 
    under paragraph (1) shall provide information to the Secretary 
    necessary to conduct the evaluation under such paragraph.
        ``(4) Report.--Not later than 3 years after the date of 
    enactment of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018, the Secretary 
    shall submit to the Committee on Agriculture of the House of 
    Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and 
    Forestry of the Senate a report describing the findings from the 
    evaluation conducted under paragraph (1).''.
SEC. 4015. LONGITUDINAL DATA FOR RESEARCH.
    (a) Longitudinal Data.--Section 17 of the Food and Nutrition Act of 
2008 (7 U.S.C. 2026), as amended by section 4014, is amended by adding 
at the end the following:
    ``(n) Longitudinal Data for Research.--
        ``(1) In general.--Subject to paragraphs (3) through (5), a 
    State agency may, on approval by the Secretary, establish a 
    longitudinal database that contains information about households 
    and members of households that receive benefits under the 
    supplemental nutrition assistance program in the State.
        ``(2) Purpose.--Each longitudinal database established under 
    paragraph (1) shall be used solely to conduct research on 
    participation in and the operation of the supplemental nutrition 
    assistance program, including duration of participation in the 
    program.
        ``(3) Requirements for databases.--Prior to the approval of 
    State agencies to establish longitudinal databases under paragraph 
    (1), the Secretary shall--
            ``(A) identify features that shall be standard across 
        States such as database format to facilitate use of 
        longitudinal databases established under paragraph (1) for 
        research purposes;
            ``(B) identify features of longitudinal databases 
        established under paragraph (1) that may vary across States;
            ``(C) identify a procedure for States operating 
        longitudinal databases under paragraph (1) to use a unique 
        identifier to provide relevant information on household members 
        who receive benefits under the supplemental nutrition 
        assistance program for the purpose of comparing participation 
        data in multiple participating States over time while 
        protecting participant privacy;
            ``(D) establish the manner in which data security and 
        privacy protections, as required by Federal law and consistent 
        with other appropriate practices, shall be implemented and 
        maintained;
            ``(E) provide direction to State agencies on the 
        responsibilities of and funding arrangements for State agencies 
        and any State contractors (including entities providing 
        technical assistance) relating to the establishment and 
        operation of a longitudinal database;
            ``(F) provide a description of the documentation that 
        States shall submit to the Secretary prior to allowing 
        researchers access to a longitudinal database;
            ``(G) consult with other Federal research agencies, 
        including the Bureau of the Census;
            ``(H) consult with States that have already established 
        databases used for purposes similar to the purposes outlined in 
        this subsection; and
            ``(I) identify any other requirements determined 
        appropriate by the Secretary.
        ``(4) Included data.--
            ``(A) In general.--Subject to subparagraph (B), each 
        longitudinal database established under paragraph (1)--
                ``(i) shall include monthly information about 
            households and members of households that receive benefits 
            under the supplemental nutrition assistance program in the 
            participating State taken from existing information 
            collected by the State agency including, if available,--

                    ``(I) demographic characteristics;
                    ``(II) income and financial resources (as described 
                in section 5(g));
                    ``(III) employment status;
                    ``(IV) household circumstances, such as deductible 
                expenses; and
                    ``(V) the amount of the monthly allotment received 
                under the supplemental nutrition assistance program; 
                and

                ``(ii) may include information from other State data 
            sources such as--

                    ``(I) earnings and employment data from the State 
                department of labor;
                    ``(II) health insurance program data; or
                    ``(III) data from participation in other programs 
                administered by the State.

            ``(B) Data protection.--Any State that establishes a 
        longitudinal database under paragraph (1) shall, in accordance 
        with all applicable Federal and State privacy standards and 
        requirements--
                ``(i) protect the privacy of information about each 
            member of each household that receives benefits under the 
            supplemental nutrition assistance program in such State by 
            ensuring that no personally identifiable information 
            (including social security number, home address, or contact 
            information) is included in the longitudinal database; and
                ``(ii) make the data under this paragraph available to 
            researchers and the Secretary.
        ``(5) Approval.--The Secretary shall approve the establishment 
    of longitudinal databases under paragraph (1) in States that--
            ``(A) meet the requirements for databases under paragraph 
        (3) and (4)(B);
            ``(B) reflect a range of participant numbers, demographics, 
        operational structures, and geographic regions; and
            ``(C) have the capacity to provide on a periodic and 
        ongoing basis household and participant data derived from the 
        eligibility system and other data sources of the State.
        ``(6) Grants.--
            ``(A) In general.--In carrying out this subsection, the 
        Secretary may provide grants to States that have been approved 
        by the Secretary in accordance with paragraph (5) out of funds 
        made available under paragraph (9).
            ``(B) Method of awarding grants.--Grants awarded under this 
        paragraph shall be made in such amounts and under such terms 
        and conditions as the Secretary determines necessary to carry 
        out the purposes of this subsection.
        ``(7) Report.--
            ``(A) In general.--Not later than 4 years after the 
        effective date of this subsection, the Secretary shall submit 
        to the Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives 
        and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of 
        the Senate a report on the feasibility of expanding 
        implementation of longitudinal databases to every State.
            ``(B) Contents.--The report required under subparagraph (A) 
        shall describe--
                ``(i) the cost of expanding implementation of 
            longitudinal databases with consistent data to every State;
                ``(ii) the challenges and benefits of using State 
            longitudinal databases with consistent data; and
                ``(iii) alternatives to expanding implementation of 
            longitudinal databases with consistent data to every State 
            that may achieve similar research outcomes and the 
            advantages and disadvantages of those alternatives.
        ``(8) Effect.--Nothing in this subsection shall be construed to 
    prevent or limit the ability of State agencies to establish or 
    continue operating databases used for purposes similar to the 
    purposes outlined in this subsection.
        ``(9) Funding.--Of the funds made available under section 18, 
    the Secretary shall use to carry out this subsection--
            ``(A) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2019 to remain available 
        through fiscal year 2021; and
            ``(B) $5,000,000 for fiscal year 2022 and each fiscal year 
        thereafter.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--The 1st sentence of section 16(a) of the 
Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 is amended--
        (1) by striking ``and (8)'' and inserting ``(8)''; and
        (2) by inserting ``, and (9) establishing and operating a 
    longitudinal database in accordance with section 17(n)'' before ``: 
    Provided''.
SEC. 4016. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.
    The 1st sentence of section 18(a)(1) of the Food and Nutrition Act 
of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2027(a)(1)) is amended by striking ``2018'' and 
inserting ``2023''.
SEC. 4017. ASSISTANCE FOR COMMUNITY FOOD PROJECTS.
    Section 25(b)(2) of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 
2034(b)(2)) is amended--
        (1) in subparagraph (B) by striking ``and'' at the end,
        (2) in subparagraph (C) by striking ``fiscal year 2015 and each 
    fiscal year thereafter.'' and inserting ``each of fiscal years 2015 
    through 2018; and'', and
        (3) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(D) $5,000,000 for fiscal year 2019 and each fiscal year 
        thereafter.''.
SEC. 4018. EMERGENCY FOOD ASSISTANCE PROGRAM.
    (a) State Plan.--Section 202A(b) of the Emergency Food Assistance 
Act of 1983 (7 U.S.C. 7503(b)) is amended--
        (1) in paragraph (3), by striking ``and'' after the semicolon;
        (2) in paragraph (4), by striking the period at the end and 
    inserting a semicolon; and
        (3) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(5) at the option of the State agency, describe a plan of 
    operation for 1 or more projects in partnership with 1 or more 
    emergency feeding organizations located in the State to harvest, 
    process, package, or transport donated commodities received under 
    section 203D(d); and
        ``(6) describe a plan, which may include the use of a State 
    advisory board established under subsection (c), that provides 
    emergency feeding organizations or eligible recipient agencies 
    within the State an opportunity to provide input on the commodity 
    preferences and needs of the emergency feeding organization or 
    eligible recipient agency.''.
    (b) State and Local Supplementation of Commodities.--Section 203D 
of the Emergency Food Assistance Act of 1983 (7 U.S.C. 7507) is amended 
by adding at the end the following:
    ``(d) Projects to Harvest, Process, Package, or Transport Donated 
Commodities.--
        ``(1) Definition of project.--In this subsection, the term 
    `project' means the harvesting, processing, packaging, or 
    transportation of unharvested, unprocessed, or unpackaged 
    commodities donated by agricultural producers, processors, or 
    distributors for use by emergency feeding organizations under 
    subsection (a).
        ``(2) Federal funding for projects.--
            ``(A) In general.--Subject to subparagraphs (B) and (C) and 
        paragraph (3), using funds made available under paragraph (5), 
        the Secretary may provide funding to States to pay for the 
        costs of carrying out a project.
            ``(B) Federal share.--The Federal share of the cost of a 
        project under subparagraph (A) shall not exceed 50 percent of 
        the total cost of the project.
            ``(C) Allocation.--
                ``(i) In general.--Each fiscal year, the Secretary 
            shall allocate the funds made available under subparagraph 
            (A), based on a formula determined by the Secretary, to 
            States that have submitted a State plan describing a plan 
            of operation for a project under section 202A(b)(5).
                ``(ii) Reallocation.--If the Secretary determines that 
            a State will not expend all of the funds allocated to the 
            State for a fiscal year under clause (i), the Secretary 
            shall reallocate the unexpended funds to other States that 
            have submitted under section 202A(b)(5) a State plan 
            describing a plan of operation for a project during that 
            fiscal year or the subsequent fiscal year, as the Secretary 
            determines appropriate.
                ``(iii) Reports.--Each State to which funds are 
            allocated for a fiscal year under this subparagraph shall, 
            on a regular basis, submit to the Secretary financial 
            reports describing the use of the funds.
        ``(3) Project purposes.--A State may only use Federal funds 
    received under paragraph (2) for a project the purposes of which 
    are--
            ``(A) to reduce food waste at the agricultural production, 
        processing, or distribution level through the donation of food;
            ``(B) to provide food to individuals in need; and
            ``(C) to build relationships between agricultural 
        producers, processors, and distributors and emergency feeding 
        organizations through the donation of food.
        ``(4) Cooperative agreements.--The Secretary may encourage a 
    State agency that carries out a project using Federal funds 
    received under paragraph (2) to enter into cooperative agreements 
    with State agencies of other States under section 203B(d) to 
    maximize the use of commodities donated under the project.
        ``(5) Funding.--Out of funds not otherwise appropriated, the 
    Secretary of the Treasury shall transfer to the Secretary to carry 
    out this subsection $4,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2019 
    through 2023, to remain available until the end of the subsequent 
    fiscal year.''.
    (c) Food Waste.--Section 203D of the Emergency Food Assistance Act 
of 1983 (7 U.S.C. 7507), as amended by subsection (b), is amended by 
adding at the end the following:
    ``(e) Food Waste.--The Secretary shall issue guidance outlining 
best practices to minimize the food waste of the commodities donated 
under subsection (a).''.
    (d) Emergency Food Program Infrastructure Grants.--Section 209(d) 
of the Emergency Food Assistance Act of 1983 (7 U.S.C. 7511a(d)) is 
amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.
    (e) Availability of Commodities for the Emergency Food Assistance 
Program.--Section 27(a) of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 
2036(a)) is amended--
        (1) in paragraph (1), by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
    ``2023''; and
        (2) in paragraph (2)--
            (A) in subparagraph (C), by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
        ``2023'';
            (B) in subparagraph (D)--
                (i) in the matter preceding clause (i), by striking 
            ``2018'' and inserting ``2023'';
                (ii) in clause (iii), by striking ``and'' after the 
            semicolon;
                (iii) in clause (iv), by striking ``and'' after the 
            semicolon;
                (iv) by adding at the end the following:
                ``(v) for fiscal year 2019, $23,000,000;
                ``(vi) for fiscal year 2020, $35,000,000;
                ``(vii) for fiscal year 2021, $35,000,000;
                ``(viii) for fiscal year 2022, $35,000,000; and
                ``(ix) for fiscal year 2023, $35,000,000; and''; and
            (C) in subparagraph (E)--
                (i) by striking ``2019'' and inserting ``2024'';
                (ii) by striking ``(D)(iv)'' and inserting ``(D)(ix)''; 
            and
                (iii) by striking ``June 30, 2017'' and inserting 
            ``June 30, 2023''.
SEC. 4019. NUTRITION EDUCATION.
    Section 28(c) of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 
2036a(c)) is amended--
        (1) in paragraph (2)--
            (A) in subparagraph (B)--
                (i) in the matter preceding clause (i), by striking 
            ``Except as provided in subparagraph (C), a'' and inserting 
            ``A'',
                (ii) in clause (ii) by striking ``and'' after the 
            semicolon,
                (iii) by redesignating clause (iii) as clause (iv), and
                (iv) by inserting after clause (ii) the following:
                ``(iii) describe how the State agency shall use an 
            electronic reporting system to--

                    ``(I) measure and evaluate the projects; and
                    ``(II) account for the allowable State agency 
                administrative costs including for--

                        ``(aa) salaries and benefits of State agency 
                    personnel;
                        ``(bb) office supplies and equipment;
                        ``(cc) travel costs;
                        ``(dd) development and production of nutrition 
                    education materials;
                        ``(ee) memberships, subscriptions, and 
                    professional activities;
                        ``(ff) lease or rental costs;
                        ``(gg) maintenance and repair expenses;
                        ``(hh) indirect costs; and
                        ``(ii) cost of using publicly-owned building 
                    space; and'', and
            (B) by striking subparagraph (C),
        (2) in paragraph (3)(B) in the matter preceding clause (i), by 
    inserting ``, the Director of the National Institute of Food and 
    Agriculture,'' before ``and outside stakeholders'',
        (3) in paragraph (5) by inserting ``the expanded food and 
    nutrition education program or'' before ``other health promotion'', 
    and
        (4) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(6) Information clearinghouse.--The Secretary shall establish 
    an online clearinghouse that makes available to State agencies, 
    local agencies, institutions of higher education, and community 
    organizations best practices for planning, implementing, and 
    evaluating nutrition education and obesity prevention services to 
    ensure that projects carried out with funds received under this 
    section are appropriate for the target population.
        ``(7) Technical assistance.--The Secretary shall provide 
    technical assistance to a State agency in developing and 
    implementing a nutrition education State plan, including--
            ``(A) by identifying common challenges faced by entities 
        described in paragraph (6) that participate in projects carried 
        out with funds received under this section;
            ``(B) by coordinating efforts to address those common 
        challenges;
            ``(C) by collecting and disseminating information on 
        evidence-based practices relating to nutrition education and 
        obesity prevention;
            ``(D) by facilitating communication between and among 
        grantees and subgrantees of funds received under this section;
            ``(E) by assisting State agencies in creating or 
        maintaining systems to compile program data; and
            ``(F) by performing or assisting with other activities, as 
        determined by the Secretary.
        ``(8) Annual state report.--Each State agency that delivers 
    nutrition education and obesity prevention services under this 
    subsection shall submit to the Secretary an annual report, which 
    shall be made publicly available by the Secretary, that includes--
            ``(A) the use of funds on the State agency's program, 
        including for each category of allowable State agency 
        administrative costs identified in paragraph (2)(B)(iii)(II);
            ``(B) a description of each project carried out by that 
        agency under this subsection, including, with respect to the 
        project, the target population, interventions, educational 
        materials used, key performance indicators used, and 
        evaluations made;
            ``(C) a comprehensive analysis of the impacts and 
        outcomes--
                ``(i) of the project, including with respect to the 
            elements described in subparagraph (A); and
                ``(ii) to the extent practicable, of completed 
            multiyear projects; and
            ``(D) the status of any ongoing multiyear project.
        ``(9) Annual federal report.--The Administrator of the Food and 
    Nutrition Service, in consultation with the Director of the 
    National Institute of Food and Agriculture, shall annually submit 
    to the Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives and 
    the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate 
    a report that--
            ``(A) evaluates the level of coordination between--
                ``(i) the nutrition education and obesity prevention 
            grant program under this section;
                ``(ii) the expanded food and nutrition education 
            program under section 1425 of the National Agricultural 
            Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 
            U.S.C. 3175); and
                ``(iii) any other nutrition education program 
            administered by the Department of Agriculture; and
            ``(B) includes the use of funds on such programs including 
        State agency administrative costs reported by States under 
        paragraph (8)(A).''.
SEC. 4020. RETAIL FOOD STORE AND RECIPIENT TRAFFICKING.
    Section 29(c)(1) of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 
2036b(c)(1)) is amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.
SEC. 4021. PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS.
    The Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2011 et seq.) is 
amended by adding at the end the following:
  ``SEC. 30. PILOT PROJECTS TO ENCOURAGE THE USE OF PUBLIC-PRIVATE 
      PARTNERSHIPS COMMITTED TO ADDRESSING FOOD INSECURITY.
    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary may, on application of eligible 
entities, approve not more than 10 pilot projects to support public-
private partnerships that address food insecurity and poverty.
    ``(b) Definitions.--For purposes of this section--
        ``(1) the term `eligible entity' means--
            ``(A) a nonprofit organization;
            ``(B) a community-based organization;
            ``(C) an institution of higher education; or
            ``(D) a private entity, as determined by the Secretary; and
        ``(2) the term `public agency' means a department, agency, 
    other unit, or instrumentality of Federal, State, or local 
    government.
    ``(c) Project Requirements.--Projects approved under this section 
shall--
        ``(1) be limited to 2 years in length; and
        ``(2) include a collaboration between one or more public 
    agencies and one or more eligible entities that--
            ``(A) improves the effectiveness and impact of the 
        supplemental nutrition assistance program;
            ``(B) develops food security solutions that are specific to 
        the needs of a community or region; and
            ``(C) strengthens the capacity of communities to address 
        food insecurity and poverty.
    ``(d) Evaluation.--The Secretary shall provide for an independent 
evaluation of pilot projects approved under this section that 
includes--
        ``(1) a summary of the activities conducted under the pilot 
    projects;
        ``(2) an assessment of the effectiveness of the pilot projects; 
    and
        ``(3) best practices regarding the use of public-private 
    partnerships to improve the effectiveness of public benefit 
    programs to address food insecurity and poverty.
    ``(e) Funding.--
        ``(1) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized to 
    be appropriated to carry out this section $5,000,000 to remain 
    available until expended.
        ``(2) Appropriation in advance.--Only funds appropriated under 
    paragraph (1) in advance specifically to carry out this section 
    shall be available to carry out this section.''.
SEC. 4022. TECHNICAL CORRECTIONS.
    The Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2011 et seq.) is 
amended--
        (1) in section 3--
            (A) in subsections (d) and (i) by striking ``7(i)'' and 
        inserting ``7(h)'', and
            (B) in subsection (o)(1)(A) by striking ``(r)(1)'' and 
        inserting ``(q)(1)'',
        (2) in section 5(a) by striking ``and section'' each place it 
    appears and all that follows through ``households'' the respective 
    next place it appears, and inserting ``and section 3(m)(4), 
    households'',
        (3) in subsections (e)(1) and (f)(1)(A)(i) of section 8 by 
    striking ``3(n)(5)'' and inserting ``3(m)(5)'',
        (4) in the 1st sentence of section 10--
            (A) by striking ``or the Federal Savings and Loan Insurance 
        Corporation'' each place it appears, and
            (B) by striking ``3(p)(4)'' and inserting ``3(o)(4)'',
        (5) in section 11--
            (A) in subsection (a)(2) by striking ``3(t)(1)'' and 
        inserting ``3(s)(1)'', and
            (B) in subsection (d)--
                (i) by striking ``3(t)(1)'' each place it appears and 
            inserting ``3(s)(1)'', and
                (ii) by striking ``3(t)(2)'' each place it appears and 
            inserting ``3(s)(2)'', and
            (C) in subsection (e)--
                (i) in paragraph (17) by striking ``3(t)(1)'' inserting 
            ``3(s)(1)'', and
                (ii) in paragraph (23) by striking ``Simplified 
            Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program'' and inserting 
            ``simplified supplemental nutrition assistance program'',
        (6) in section 15(e) by striking ``exchange'' and all that 
    follows through ``anything'', and inserting ``exchange for 
    benefits, or anything'',
        (7) in section 17(b)(1)(B)(iv)(III)(aa) by striking ``3(n)'' 
    and inserting ``3(m)'',
        (8) in section 25(a)(1)(B)(i)(I) by striking the 2d semicolon 
    at the end, and
        (9) in section 26(b) by striking ``out'' and all that follows 
    through ``(referred'', and inserting ``out a simplified 
    supplemental nutrition assistance program (referred''.

              Subtitle B--Commodity Distribution Programs

SEC. 4101. COMMODITY DISTRIBUTION PROGRAM.
    The 1st sentence of section 4(a) of the Agriculture and Consumer 
Protection Act of 1973 (7 U.S.C. 612c note) is amended by striking 
``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.
SEC. 4102. COMMODITY SUPPLEMENTAL FOOD PROGRAM.
    Section 5 of the Agriculture and Consumer Protection Act of 1973 (7 
U.S.C. 612c note; Public Law 93-86) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (a)--
            (A) in paragraph (1) by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
        ``2023'', and
            (B) in paragraph (2)(B), in the matter preceding clause 
        (i), by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023'',
        (2) in subsection (d)(2), in the 1st sentence, by striking 
    ``2018'' and inserting ``2023'', and
        (3) in subsection (g)--
            (A) by striking ``Except'' and inserting the following:
        ``(1) In general.--Except'', and
            (B) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(2) Certification.--
            ``(A) Definition of certification period.--In this 
        paragraph, the term `certification period' means the period 
        during which a participant in the commodity supplemental food 
        program in a State may continue to receive benefits under the 
        commodity supplemental food program without a formal review of 
        the eligibility of the participant.
            ``(B) Minimum certification period.--Subject to 
        subparagraphs (C) and (D), a State shall establish for the 
        commodity supplemental food program of the State a 
        certification period of--
                ``(i) not less than 1 year; but
                ``(ii) not more than 3 years.
            ``(C) Temporary certification.--An eligible applicant for 
        the commodity supplemental food program in a State may be 
        provided with a temporary monthly certification to fill any 
        caseload slot resulting from nonparticipation by certified 
        participants.
            ``(D) Approvals.--A certification period of more than 1 
        year established by a State under subparagraph (B) shall be 
        subject to the approval of the Secretary, who shall approve 
        such a certification period on the condition that, with respect 
        to each participant receiving benefits under the commodity 
        supplemental food program of the State, the local agency in the 
        State administering the commodity supplemental food program, on 
        an annual basis during the certification period applicable to 
        the participant--
                ``(i) verifies the address and continued interest of 
            the participant; and
                ``(ii) has sufficient reason to determine that the 
            participant still meets the income eligibility standards 
            under paragraph (1), which may include a determination that 
            the participant has a fixed income.''.
SEC. 4103. DISTRIBUTION OF SURPLUS COMMODITIES TO SPECIAL NUTRITION 
PROJECTS.
    Section 1114(a)(2)(A) of the Agriculture and Food Act of 1981 (7 
U.S.C. 1431e(a)(2)(A)) is amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
``2023''.
SEC. 4104. FOOD DONATION STANDARDS.
    Section 203D of the Emergency Food Assistance Act of 1983 (7 U.S.C. 
7507), as amended by section 4018(c), is amended by adding at the end 
the following:
    ``(f) Food Donation Standards.--
        ``(1) Definitions.--In this subsection:
            ``(A) Apparently wholesome food.--The term `apparently 
        wholesome food' has the meaning given the term in section 22(b) 
        of the Child Nutrition Act of 1966 (42 U.S.C. 1791(b)).
            ``(B) Institution of higher education.--The term 
        `institution of higher education' has the meaning given the 
        term in section 102 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
        U.S.C. 1002).
            ``(C) Qualified direct donor.--The term `qualified direct 
        donor' means a retail food store, wholesaler, agricultural 
        producer, restaurant, caterer, school food authority, or 
        institution of higher education.
        ``(2) Guidance.--
            ``(A) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the date 
        of enactment of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018, the 
        Secretary shall issue guidance to promote awareness of 
        donations of apparently wholesome food protected under section 
        22(c) of the Child Nutrition Act of 1966 (42 U.S.C. 1791(c)) by 
        qualified direct donors in compliance with applicable State and 
        local health, food safety, and food handling laws (including 
        regulations).
            ``(B) Issuance.--The Secretary shall encourage State 
        agencies and emergency feeding organizations to share the 
        guidance issued under subparagraph (A) with qualified direct 
        donors.''.

                       Subtitle C--Miscellaneous

SEC. 4201. SENIORS FARMERS' MARKET NUTRITION PROGRAM.
    Section 4402(a) of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 
2002 (7 U.S.C. 3007(a)) is amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
``2023''.
SEC. 4202. PURCHASE OF FRESH FRUITS AND VEGETABLES FOR DISTRIBUTION TO 
SCHOOLS AND SERVICE INSTITUTIONS.
    Section 10603(b) of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 
2002 (7 U.S.C. 612c-4(b)) is amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
``2023''.
SEC. 4203. SERVICE OF TRADITIONAL FOODS IN PUBLIC FACILITIES.
    Section 4033(d)(1) of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (128 Stat. 818) 
is amended--
        (1) by striking ``and'' the 1st place it appears,
        (2) by inserting ``, a State, a county or county equivalent, a 
    local educational agency, and an entity or person authorized to 
    facilitate the donation, storage, preparation, or serving of 
    traditional food by the operator of a food service program'' after 
    ``organization'', and
        (3) by inserting ``storage, preparation, or'' after ``donation 
    to or''.
SEC. 4204. HEALTHY FOOD FINANCING INITIATIVE.
    Section 243 of the Department of Agriculture Reorganization Act of 
1994 (7 U.S.C. 6953) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (a), by inserting ``and enterprises'' after 
    ``retailers'';
        (2) in subsection (b)(3)(B)(iii), by inserting ``and 
    enterprises'' after ``retailers''; and
        (3) in subsection (c)(2)(B)(ii), by inserting ``as 
    applicable,'' before ``to accept''.
SEC. 4205. THE GUS SCHUMACHER NUTRITION INCENTIVE PROGRAM.
    (a) Amendment to Program.--Section 4405 of the Food, Conservation, 
and Energy Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 7517) is amended--
        (1) by striking the heading and inserting ``the gus schumacher 
    nutrition incentive program'',
        (2) in subsection (a)--
            (A) by amending paragraph (1) to read as follows:
        ``(1) Eligible entity.--The term `eligible entity' means a 
    governmental agency or nonprofit organization.'',
            (B) in paragraph (3) by striking ``means the'' and all that 
        follows through the period at the end, and inserting the 
        following:
    ``means--
            ``(A) the supplemental nutrition assistance program 
        established under the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 
        2011 et seq.); and
            ``(B) the programs for nutrition assistance under section 
        19 of such Act (7 U.S.C. 2028).'', and
            (C) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(4) Healthcare partner.--The term `healthcare partner' means 
    a healthcare provider, including--
            ``(A) a hospital;
            ``(B) a Federally-qualified health center (as defined in 
        section 1905(l) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 
        1396d(l)));
            ``(C) a hospital or clinic operated by the Secretary of 
        Veterans Affairs; or
            ``(D) a healthcare provider group.
        ``(5) Member.--The term `member' means, as determined by the 
    applicable eligible entity or healthcare partner carrying out a 
    project under subsection (c) in accordance with procedures 
    established by the Secretary--
            ``(A) an individual eligible for--
                ``(i) benefits under the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 
            (7 U.S.C. 2011 et seq.); or
                ``(ii) medical assistance under a State plan or a 
            waiver of such a plan under title XIX of the Social 
            Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1396 et seq.) and enrolled under 
            such plan or waiver; and
            ``(B) a member of a low-income household that suffers from, 
        or is at risk of developing, a diet-related health 
        condition.'',
        (3) in subsection (b)--
            (A) in paragraph (1)--
                (i) in subparagraph (B) by striking ``The'' and 
            inserting ``Except as provided in subparagraph (D)(iii), 
            the'',
                (ii) in subparagraph (C) by adding at the end the 
            following:
                ``(iii) Tribal agencies.--The Secretary may allow a 
            Tribal agency to use funds provided to the Indian Tribe of 
            the Tribal agency through a Federal agency (including the 
            Indian Health Service) or other Federal benefit to satisfy 
            all or part of the non-Federal share described in clause 
            (i) if such use is otherwise consistent with the purpose of 
            such funds.'',
                (iii) by redesignating subparagraphs (B) and (C) as 
            subparagraphs (C) and (D), and
                (iv) by inserting after subparagraph (A) the following:
            ``(B) Partners and collaborators.--An eligible entity that 
        receives a grant under this subsection may partner with, or 
        make subgrants to, public, private, nonprofit, or for-profit 
        entities, including--
                ``(i) an emergency feeding organization;
                ``(ii) an agricultural cooperative;
                ``(iii) a producer network or association;
                ``(iv) a community health organization;
                ``(v) a public benefit corporation;
                ``(vi) an economic development corporation;
                ``(vii) a farmers' market;
                ``(viii) a community-supported agriculture program;
                ``(ix) a buying club;
                ``(x) a retail food store participating in the 
            supplemental nutrition assistance program;
                ``(xi) a State, local, or tribal agency;
                ``(xii) another eligible entity that receives a grant 
            under this subsection; and
                ``(xiii) any other entity the Secretary designates.'',
            (B) in paragraph (2)--
                (i) by amending subparagraph (A) to read as follows:
            ``(A) In general.--To receive a grant under this 
        subsection, an eligible entity shall--
                ``(i) meet the application criteria set forth by the 
            Secretary; and
                ``(ii) propose a project that, at a minimum--

                    ``(I) has the support of the State agency 
                administering the supplemental nutrition assistance 
                program;
                    ``(II) would increase the purchase of fruits and 
                vegetables by low-income households participating in 
                the supplemental nutrition assistance program by 
                providing an incentive for the purchase of fruits and 
                vegetables at the point of purchase to a household 
                purchasing food with supplemental nutrition assistance 
                program benefits;
                    ``(III) except in the case of projects receiving 
                $100,000 or less over 1 year, would measure the 
                purchase of fruits and vegetables by low-income 
                households participating in the supplemental nutrition 
                assistance program;
                    ``(IV) ensures that the same terms and conditions 
                apply to purchases made by individuals with benefits 
                issued under the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 and 
                incentives provided for in this subsection as apply to 
                purchases made by individuals who are not members of 
                households receiving benefits, such as provided for in 
                section 278.2(b) of title 7, Code of Federal 
                Regulations (or a successor regulation);
                    ``(V) has adequate plans to collect data for 
                reporting and agrees to provide that information for 
                the report described in subsection (e)(2)(B)(iii); and
                    ``(VI) would share information with the Nutrition 
                Incentive Program Training, Technical Assistance, 
                Evaluation, and Information Centers established under 
                subsection (e).'',

                (ii) in subparagraph (B)--

                    (I) by striking clause (v),
                    (II) by redesignating clause (vi) as clause (x), 
                and
                    (III) by inserting after clause (iv) the following:

                ``(v) include a project design--

                    ``(I) that provides incentives when fruits or 
                vegetables are purchased using supplemental nutrition 
                assistance program benefits; and
                    ``(II) in which the incentives earned may be used 
                only to purchase fruits or vegetables;

                ``(vi) have demonstrated the ability to provide 
            services to underserved communities;
                ``(vii) include coordination with multiple 
            stakeholders, such as farm organizations, nutrition 
            education programs, cooperative extension services, public 
            health departments, health providers, private and public 
            health insurance agencies, cooperative grocers, grocery 
            associations, and community-based and nongovernmental 
            organizations;
                ``(viii) offer supplemental services in high-need 
            communities, including online ordering, transportation 
            between home and store, and delivery services;
                ``(ix) include food retailers that are open--

                    ``(I) for extended hours; and
                    ``(II) most or all days of the year; or'', and

            (C) by striking paragraphs (3) and (4),
        (4) in subsection (c)--
            (A) in paragraph (1) by striking ``subsection (b) 
        $5,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2014 through 2018'' and 
        inserting ``this section $5,000,000 for each of fiscal years 
        2014 through 2023'', and
            (B) in paragraph (2)--
                (i) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by 
            striking ``subsection (b)'' and inserting ``this section'',
                (ii) in subparagraph (B) by striking ``and'' at the 
            end,
                (iii) in subparagraph (C) by striking the period at the 
            end and inserting a semicolon, and
                (iv) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(C) $45,000,000 for fiscal year 2019;
            ``(D) $48,000,000 for fiscal year 2020;
            ``(E) $48,000,000 for fiscal year 2021;
            ``(F) $53,000,000 for fiscal year 2022; and
            ``(G) $56,000,000 for fiscal year 2023 and each fiscal year 
        thereafter.
        ``(3) Use of funds.--With respect to funds made available under 
    this section for fiscal years 2019 through 2023--
            ``(A) for each fiscal year the Secretary shall use not more 
        than 10 percent of such funds available for such fiscal year 
        for the produce prescription program described in subsection 
        (c);
            ``(B) for each fiscal year not more than 8 percent of such 
        funds available for such fiscal year shall be used by the 
        National Institute of Food and Agriculture and the Food and 
        Nutrition Service for administration; and
            ``(C) the Secretary shall use for the Nutrition Incentive 
        Program Training, Technical Assistance, Evaluation, and 
        Information Centers established under subsection (e) not more 
        than--
                ``(i) $17,000,000 in the aggregate for fiscal years 
            2019 and 2020; and
                ``(ii) $7,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 2021 
            through 2023.'',
        (5) by redesignating subsection (c) as subsection (f), and
        (6) by inserting after subsection (b) the following:
    ``(c) Produce Prescription Program.--
        ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall establish a grant 
    program under which the Secretary shall award grants to eligible 
    entities to conduct projects that demonstrate and evaluate the 
    impact of the projects on--
            ``(A) the improvement of dietary health through increased 
        consumption of fruits and vegetables;
            ``(B) the reduction of individual and household food 
        insecurity; and
            ``(C) the reduction in healthcare use and associated costs.
        ``(2) Healthcare partners.--In carrying out a project using a 
    grant received under paragraph (1), an eligible entity shall 
    partner with 1 or more healthcare partners.
        ``(3) Grant applications.--
            ``(A) In general.--To be eligible to receive a grant under 
        paragraph (1), an eligible entity--
                ``(i) shall--

                    ``(I) prescribe fresh fruits and vegetables to 
                members;
                    ``(II) submit to the Secretary an application 
                containing such information as the Secretary may 
                require, including the information described in 
                subparagraph (B); and

                ``(ii) may--

                    ``(I) provide financial or non-financial incentives 
                for members to purchase or procure fresh fruits and 
                vegetables;
                    ``(II) provide educational resources on nutrition 
                to members; and
                    ``(III) establish additional accessible locations 
                for members to procure fresh fruits and vegetables.

            ``(B) Application.--An application shall--
                ``(i) identify the 1 or more healthcare partners with 
            which the eligible entity is partnering under paragraph 
            (2); and
                ``(ii) include--

                    ``(I) a description of the methods by which an 
                eligible entity shall--

                        ``(aa) screen and verify eligibility for 
                    members for participation in a produce prescription 
                    project, in accordance with procedures established 
                    under subsection (a)(5);
                        ``(bb) implement an effective produce 
                    prescription project, including the role of each 
                    healthcare partner in implementing the produce 
                    prescription project;
                        ``(cc) evaluate members participating in a 
                    produce prescription project with respect to the 
                    matters described in subparagraphs (A) through (C) 
                    of paragraph (1);
                        ``(dd) provide educational opportunities 
                    relating to nutrition to members participating in a 
                    produce prescription project; and
                        ``(ee) inform members of the availability of 
                    the produce prescription project, including 
                    locations at which produce prescriptions may be 
                    redeemed;

                    ``(II) a description of any additional nonprofit or 
                emergency feeding organizations that shall be involved 
                in the project and the role of each additional 
                nonprofit or emergency feeding organization in 
                implementing and evaluating an effective produce 
                prescription project;
                    ``(III) documentation of a partnership agreement 
                with a relevant State Medicaid agency or other 
                appropriate entity, as determined by the Secretary, to 
                evaluate the effectiveness of the produce prescription 
                project in reducing healthcare use and associated 
                costs;
                    ``(IV) adequate plans to collect data for reporting 
                and agreement to provide that information for the 
                report described in subsection (e)(2)(B)(iii); and
                    ``(V) agreement to share information with the 
                Nutrition Incentive Program Training, Technical 
                Assistance, Evaluation, and Information Centers 
                established under subsection (e).

        ``(4) Coordination.--In carrying out the grant program 
    established under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall coordinate 
    with the Secretary of Health and Human Services and the heads of 
    other appropriate Federal agencies that carry out activities 
    relating to healthcare partners.
        ``(5) Partnerships.--
            ``(A) In general.--In carrying out the grant program under 
        paragraph (1), the Secretary may enter into 1 or more memoranda 
        of understanding with a Federal agency, a State, or a private 
        entity to ensure the effective implementation and evaluation of 
        each project.
            ``(B) Memorandum of understanding.--A memorandum of 
        understanding entered into under subparagraph (A) shall 
        include--
                ``(i) a description of a plan to provide educational 
            opportunities relating to nutrition to members 
            participating in produce prescription projects;
                ``(ii) a description of the role of the Federal agency, 
            State, or private entity, as applicable, in implementing 
            and evaluating an effective produce prescription project; 
            and
                ``(iii) documentation of a partnership agreement with a 
            relevant State Medicaid agency or other appropriate entity, 
            as determined by the Secretary.
    ``(d) Applicability.--
        ``(1) In general.--The value of any benefit provided to a 
    participant in any activity funded under subsections (b) or (c) 
    shall be treated as supplemental nutrition benefits under section 
    8(b) of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2017(b)).
        ``(2) Prohibition on collection of sales taxes.--Each State 
    shall ensure that no State or local tax is collected on a purchase 
    of food with assistance provided under subsections (b) and (c).
        ``(3) No limitation on benefits.--Grants made available under 
    subsections (b) and (c) shall not be used to carry out any project 
    that limits the use of benefits under the Food and Nutrition Act of 
    2008 (7 U.S.C. 2011 et seq.) or any other Federal nutrition law.
        ``(4) Household allotment.--Assistance provided under 
    subsections (b) and (c) to households receiving benefits under the 
    supplemental nutrition assistance program shall not--
            ``(A) be considered part of the supplemental nutrition 
        assistance program benefits of the household; or
            ``(B) be used in the collection or disposition of claims 
        under section 13 of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 
        U.S.C. 2022).
    ``(e) Nutrition Incentive Program Training, Technical Assistance, 
Evaluation, and Information Centers.--
        ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall--
            ``(A) establish 1 or more Nutrition Incentive Program 
        Training, Technical Assistance, Evaluation, and Information 
        Centers, in consultation with the Director of the National 
        Institute of Food and Agriculture; and
            ``(B) to the extent practicable, consult on the design and 
        scope of such Centers with grocers, farmers, health 
        professionals, researchers, incentive program managers, and 
        employees of the Department of Agriculture with direct 
        experience with implementation of existing incentive programs 
        or projects.
        ``(2) Establishment.--The Centers shall be capable of providing 
    services related to grants under subsections (b) and (c), 
    including--
            ``(A) offering incentive program training and technical 
        assistance to applicants and grantees to the extent 
        practicable, including--
                ``(i) collecting and providing information on best 
            practices that may include communications, signage, record-
            keeping, incentive instruments, development and integration 
            of point of sale systems, and reporting;
                ``(ii) disseminating information and assisting with 
            collaboration among grantee projects, applicable State 
            agencies, and nutrition education programs;
                ``(iii) facilitating communication between grantees and 
            the Department of Agriculture and applicable State 
            agencies; and
                ``(iv) providing support for the development of best 
            practices for produce prescription projects and the sharing 
            of information among eligible entities and healthcare 
            providers that participate in a produce prescription 
            project under subsection (c); and
                ``(v) other services identified by the Secretary; and
            ``(B) creating a system to collect and compile core data 
        sets from eligible entities that--
                ``(i) uses standard metrics with consideration of 
            outcome measures for existing projects;
                ``(ii) includes to the extent practicable grocers, 
            farmers, health professionals, researchers, incentive 
            program managers, and employees of the Department of 
            Agriculture with direct experience with implementation of 
            existing incentive programs in the design of the instrument 
            through which data will be collected and the mechanism for 
            reporting;
                ``(iii) compiles project data from grantees, and 
            beginning in fiscal year 2020 generates an annual report to 
            Congress on grant outcomes, including--

                    ``(I) the results of the project; and
                    ``(II) the amount of grant funds used for the 
                project; and

                ``(iv) creates and maintains a publicly accessible 
            online site that makes annual reports and incentive program 
            information available in an anonymized format that protects 
            confidential, personal, or other sensitive data.
        ``(3) Cooperative agreement.--
            ``(A) In general.--To carry out paragraph (1), the 
        Secretary may, on a competitive basis, enter into 1 or more 
        cooperative agreements with 1 or more organizations with 
        expertise in developing outcome-based reporting, at least 1 of 
        which has expertise in the food insecurity nutrition incentive 
        program and at least 1 of which has expertise in produce 
        prescription projects.
            ``(B) Inclusion.--The organizations referred to in 
        subparagraph (A) may include--
                ``(i) nongovernmental organizations;
                ``(ii) State cooperative extension services;
                ``(iii) regional food system centers;
                ``(iv) Federal, State, or Tribal agencies;
                ``(v) institutions of higher education (as defined in 
            section 101(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
            U.S.C. 1001(a))); or
                ``(vi) other appropriate entities as determined by the 
            Secretary.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--The table of contents of the Food, 
Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008 (Public Law 113-188) is amended by 
striking the item relating to section 4405 and inserting the following:

``Sec. 4405. The Gus Schumacher nutrition incentive program.''.
SEC. 4206. MICRO-GRANTS FOR FOOD SECURITY.
    (a) Purpose.--The purpose of this section is to increase the 
quantity and quality of locally grown food through small-scale 
gardening, herding, and livestock operations in food insecure 
communities in areas of the United States that have significant levels 
of food insecurity and import a significant quantity of food.
    (b) Definitions.--In this section:
        (1) Eligible entity.--The term ``eligible entity'' means an 
    entity that--
            (A) is--
                (i) an individual;
                (ii) an Indian tribe or tribal organization, as defined 
            in section 4 of the Indian Self-Determination and Education 
            Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 5304);
                (iii) a nonprofit organization engaged in increasing 
            food security, as determined by the Secretary, including--

                    (I) a religious organization;
                    (II) a food bank; or
                    (III) a food pantry;

                (iv) a federally funded educational facility, 
            including--

                    (I) a Head Start program or an Early Head Start 
                program carried out under the Head Start Act (42 U.S.C. 
                9831 et seq.);
                    (II) a public elementary school or public secondary 
                school;
                    (III) a public institution of higher education (as 
                defined in section 101 of the Higher Education Act of 
                1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001));
                    (IV) a Tribal College or University (as defined in 
                section 316(b) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
                U.S.C. 1059c(b))); or
                    (V) a job training program; or

                (v) a local or Tribal government that may not levy 
            local taxes under State or Federal law; and
            (B) is located in an eligible State.
        (2) Eligible state.--The term ``eligible State'' means--
            (A) the State of Alaska;
            (B) the State of Hawaii;
            (C) American Samoa;
            (D) the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands;
            (E) the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico;
            (F) the Federated States of Micronesia;
            (G) Guam;
            (H) the Republic of the Marshall Islands;
            (I) the Republic of Palau; and
            (J) the United States Virgin Islands.
    (c) Establishment.--The Secretary shall distribute funds to the 
agricultural department or agency of each eligible State for the 
competitive distribution of subgrants to eligible entities to increase 
the quantity and quality of locally grown food in food insecure 
communities, including through small-scale gardening, herding, and 
livestock operations.
    (d) Distribution of Funds.--
        (1) In general.--Of the amount made available under subsection 
    (g), the Secretary shall distribute--
            (A) 40 percent to the State of Alaska;
            (B) 40 percent to the State of Hawaii; and
            (C) 2.5 percent to each eligible State described in any of 
        subparagraphs (C) through (J) of subsection (b)(2).
        (2) Carryover of funds.--Funds distributed under paragraph (1) 
    shall remain available until expended.
        (3) Administrative funds.--An eligible State that receives 
    funds under paragraph (1) may use not more than 3 percent of those 
    funds--
            (A) to administer the competition for providing subgrants 
        to eligible entities in that eligible State;
            (B) to provide oversight of the subgrant recipients in that 
        eligible State; and
            (C) to collect data and submit a report to the Secretary 
        under subsection (f)(2).
    (e) Subgrants to Eligible Entities.--
        (1) Amount of subgrants.--
            (A) In general.--The amount of a subgrant to an eligible 
        entity under this section shall be--
                (i) in the case of an eligible entity that is an 
            individual, not greater than $5,000 per year; and
                (ii) in the case of an eligible entity described in any 
            of clauses (ii) through (v) of subsection (b)(1)(A), not 
            greater than $10,000 per year.
            (B) Matching requirement.--As a condition of receiving a 
        subgrant under this section, an eligible entity shall provide 
        funds equal to 10 percent of the amount received by the 
        eligible entity under the subgrant, to be derived from non-
        Federal sources. A State may waive the matching requirement for 
        an individual who otherwise meets the requirements to receive a 
        subgrant by the eligible State.
            (C) Project period.--Funds received by an eligible entity 
        that is awarded a subgrant under this section shall remain 
        available for expenditure not later than 3 years after the date 
        the funds are received.
        (2) Priority.--In carrying out the competitive distribution of 
    subgrants under subsection (c), an eligible State may give priority 
    to an eligible entity that--
            (A) has not previously received a subgrant under this 
        section; or
            (B) is located in a community or region in that eligible 
        State with the highest degree of food insecurity, as determined 
        by the agricultural department or agency of the eligible State.
        (3) Projects.--An eligible State may provide subgrants to 2 or 
    more eligible entities to carry out the same project.
        (4) Use of subgrant funds by eligible entities.--An eligible 
    entity that receives a subgrant under this section shall use the 
    funds to engage in activities that will increase the quantity and 
    quality of locally grown food for food insecure individuals, 
    families, neighborhoods, and communities, including by--
            (A) purchasing gardening tools or equipment, soil, soil 
        amendments, seeds, plants, animals, canning equipment, 
        refrigeration, or other items necessary to grow and store food;
            (B) purchasing or building composting units;
            (C) purchasing or building towers designed to grow leafy 
        green vegetables;
            (D) expanding an area under cultivation or engaging in 
        other activities necessary to be eligible to receive funding 
        under the environmental quality incentives program established 
        under chapter 4 of subtitle D of title XII of the Food Security 
        Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3839aa et seq.) for a high tunnel;
            (E) engaging in an activity that extends the growing 
        season;
            (F) starting or expanding hydroponic and aeroponic farming 
        of any scale;
            (G) building, buying, erecting, or repairing fencing for 
        livestock, poultry, or reindeer;
            (H) purchasing and equipping a slaughter and processing 
        facility approved by the Secretary;
            (I) traveling to participate in agricultural education 
        provided by--
                (i) a State cooperative extension service;
                (ii) a land-grant college or university (as defined in 
            section 1404 of the National Agricultural Research, 
            Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 
            3103));
                (iii) a Tribal College or University (as defined in 
            section 316(b) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
            U.S.C. 1059c(b)));
                (iv) an Alaska Native-serving institution or a Native 
            Hawaiian-serving institution (as such terms are defined in 
            section 317(b) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
            U.S.C. 1059d(b))); or
                (v) a Federal or State agency;
            (J) paying for shipping of purchased items relating to 
        growing or raising food for local consumption or purchase;
            (K) creating or expanding avenues for--
                (i) the sale of food commodities, specialty crops, and 
            meats that are grown by the eligible entity for sale in the 
            local community; or
                (ii) increasing the availability of fresh, locally 
            grown, and nutritious food; and
            (L) engaging in other activities relating to increasing 
        food security (including subsistence), as determined by the 
        Secretary.
        (5) Eligibility for other financial assistance.--An eligible 
    entity shall not be ineligible to receive financial assistance 
    under another program administered by the Secretary as a result of 
    receiving a subgrant under this section.
    (f) Reporting Requirement.--
        (1) Subgrant recipients.--As a condition of receiving a 
    subgrant under this section, an eligible entity shall agree to 
    submit to the eligible State in which the eligible entity is 
    located a report--
            (A) not later than 60 days after the end of the project 
        funded by the subgrant; and
            (B) that describes the use of the subgrants by eligible 
        entities, the quantity of food grown through small-scale 
        gardening, herding, and livestock operations, and the number of 
        food insecure individuals fed as a result of the subgrant.
        (2) Report to the secretary.--Not later than 120 days after the 
    date on which an eligible State receives a report from each 
    eligible entity in that State under paragraph (1), the eligible 
    State shall submit to the Secretary a report that describes, in the 
    aggregate, the information and data contained in the reports 
    received from those eligible entities.
    (g) Funding.--
        (1) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
    appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this section $10,000,000 
    for fiscal year 2019 and each fiscal year thereafter, to remain 
    available until expended.
        (2) Appropriations in advance.--Only funds appropriated under 
    paragraph (1) in advance specifically to carry out this section 
    shall be available to carry out this section.
SEC. 4207. BUY AMERICAN REQUIREMENTS.
    (a) Enforcement.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Agriculture shall--
        (1) enforce full compliance with the requirements of section 
    12(n) of the Richard B. Russell National School Lunch Act (42 
    U.S.C. 1760(n)) for purchases of agricultural commodities, 
    including fish, meats, vegetables, and fruits, and the products 
    thereof, and
        (2) ensure that States and school food authorities fully 
    understand their responsibilities under such Act.
    (b) Requirement.--The products of the agricultural commodities 
described in subsection (a)(1) shall be processed in the United States 
and substantially contain--
        (1) meats, vegetables, fruits, and other agricultural 
    commodities produced in--
            (A) a State,
            (B) the District of Columbia,
            (C) the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, or
            (D) any territory or possession of the United States, or
        (2) fish harvested--
            (A) within the Exclusive Economic Zone of the United 
        States, as described in Presidential Proclamation 5030 (48 Fed. 
        Reg. 10605; March 10, 1983), or
            (B) by a United States flagged vessel.
    (c) Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to Congress a report 
on the actions the Secretary has taken, and plans to take, to comply 
with this section.
SEC. 4208. HEALTHY FLUID MILK INCENTIVES PROJECTS.
    (a) Definition of Fluid Milk.--In this section the term ``fluid 
milk'' means all varieties of pasteurized cow's milk that--
        (1) is without flavoring or sweeteners,
        (2) is consistent with the most recent dietary recommendations,
        (3) is packaged in liquid form, and
        (4) contains vitamins A and D at levels consistent with the 
    Food and Drug Administration, State, and local standards for fluid 
    milk.
    (b) Projects.--The Secretary of Agriculture shall carry out, under 
such terms and conditions as the Secretary considers to be appropriate, 
healthy fluid milk incentive projects to develop and test methods to 
increase the purchase and consumption of fluid milk by members of 
households that receive supplemental nutrition assistance program 
benefits by providing an incentive for the purchase of fluid milk at 
the point of purchase to members of households purchasing food with 
supplemental nutrition assistance program benefits.
    (c) Grants or Cooperative Agreements.--
        (1) In general.--To carry out this section, the Secretary, on a 
    competitive basis, shall enter into cooperative agreements with, or 
    provide grants to, governmental entities or nonprofit organizations 
    for projects that meet the purpose and selection criteria specified 
    in this subsection.
        (2) Application.--To be eligible to enter into a cooperative 
    agreement or receive a grant under this subsection, a government 
    entity or nonprofit organization shall submit to the Secretary an 
    application containing such information as the Secretary may 
    require.
        (3) Selection criteria.--Projects proposed in applications 
    shall be evaluated against publicly disseminated criteria that 
    shall incorporate a scientifically based strategy that is designed 
    to improve diet quality and nutritional outcomes through the 
    increased purchase of fluid milk by members of households that 
    participate in the supplemental nutrition assistance program.
        (4) Use of funds.--Funds made available to carry out this 
    section shall not be used for any project that limits the use of 
    benefits provided under the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008.
    (d) Evaluation and Reporting.--
        (1) Evaluation.--
            (A) Independent evaluation.--
                (i) In general.--The Secretary shall provide for an 
            independent evaluation of projects selected under this 
            section that measures, to the maximum extent practicable, 
            the impact on health and nutrition.
                (ii) Requirement.--The independent evaluation under 
            this subparagraph shall use rigorous methodologies, 
            particularly random assignment or other methods that are 
            capable of producing scientifically valid information 
            regarding which activities are effective.
            (B) Costs.--The Secretary may use funds not to exceed 7 
        percent of the funding provided to carry out this section to 
        pay costs associated with evaluating the outcomes of the 
        healthy fluid milk incentive projects.
        (2) Reporting.--Not later than December 31 of 2020, and 
    biennially thereafter, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee 
    on Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the Committee on 
    Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report that 
    includes a description of--
            (A) the status of each healthy fluid milk incentives 
        project, and
            (B) the results of any completed evaluation that--
                (i) include, to the maximum extent practicable, the 
            impact of the healthy fluid milk incentive projects on 
            health and nutrition outcomes among households 
            participating in such projects, and
                (ii) have not been submitted in a previous report under 
            this paragraph.
        (3) Public dissemination.--In addition to the reporting 
    requirements under paragraph (2), evaluation results shall be 
    shared publicly to promote wide use of successful strategies.
    (e) Funding.--
        (1) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
    appropriated $20,000,000 to carry out and evaluate the outcomes of 
    projects under this section, to remain available until expended.
        (2) Appropriations in advance.--Only funds appropriated under 
    paragraph (1) in advance specifically to carry out this section 
    shall be available to carry out this section.

                            TITLE V--CREDIT
                    Subtitle A--Farm Ownership Loans

SEC. 5101. MODIFICATION OF THE 3-YEAR EXPERIENCE ELIGIBILITY 
REQUIREMENT FOR FARM OWNERSHIP LOANS.
    Section 302(b) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act 
(7 U.S.C. 1922(b)) is amended by adding at the end the following:
        ``(4) Waiver authority.--In the case of a qualified beginning 
    farmer or rancher, the Secretary may--
            ``(A) reduce the 3-year requirement in paragraph (1) to 1 
        or 2 years, if the farmer or rancher has--
                ``(i) not less than 16 credit hours of post-secondary 
            education in a field related to agriculture;
                ``(ii) successfully completed a farm management 
            curriculum offered by a cooperative extension service, a 
            community college, an adult vocational agriculture program, 
            a nonprofit organization, or a land-grant college or 
            university;
                ``(iii) at least 1 year of experience as hired farm 
            labor with substantial management responsibilities;
                ``(iv) successfully completed a farm mentorship, 
            apprenticeship, or internship program with an emphasis on 
            management requirements and day-to-day farm management 
            decisions;
                ``(v) significant business management experience;
                ``(vi) been honorably discharged from the armed forces 
            of the United States;
                ``(vii) successfully repaid a youth loan made under 
            section 311(b); or
                ``(viii) an established relationship with an individual 
            who has experience in farming or ranching, or is a retired 
            farmer or rancher, and is participating as a counselor in a 
            Service Corps of Retired Executives program authorized 
            under section 8(b)(1)(B) of the Small Business Act (15 
            U.S.C. 637(b)(1)(B)), or with a local farm or ranch 
            operator or organization, approved by the Secretary, that 
            is committed to mentoring the farmer or rancher; or
            ``(B) waive the 3-year requirement in paragraph (1) if the 
        farmer or rancher meets the requirements of clauses (iii) and 
        (viii) of subparagraph (A).''.
SEC. 5102. CONSERVATION LOAN AND LOAN GUARANTEE PROGRAM.
    Section 304(h) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act 
(7 U.S.C. 1924(h)) is amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
``2023''.
SEC. 5103. LIMITATIONS ON AMOUNT OF FARM OWNERSHIP LOANS.
    Section 305 of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act (7 
U.S.C. 1925) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (a)(2)--
            (A) by striking ``$300,000'' and inserting ``$600,000'';
            (B) by striking ``$700,000'' and inserting ``$1,750,000''; 
        and
            (C) by striking ``2000'' and inserting ``2019''; and
        (2) in subsection (c)--
            (A) in paragraph (1), by striking ``August'' and inserting 
        ``July''; and
            (B) in paragraph (2), by striking ``ending on August 31, 
        1996'' and inserting ``that immediately precedes the 12-month 
        period described in paragraph (1)''.
SEC. 5104. RELENDING PROGRAM TO RESOLVE OWNERSHIP AND SUCCESSION ON 
FARMLAND.
    Subtitle A of title III of the Consolidated Farm and Rural 
Development Act (7 U.S.C. 1922 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end 
the following:
``SEC. 310I. RELENDING PROGRAM TO RESOLVE OWNERSHIP AND SUCCESSION ON 
FARMLAND.
    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary may make loans to eligible 
entities described in subsection (b) so that the eligible entities may 
relend the funds to individuals and entities for the purposes described 
in subsection (c).
    ``(b) Eligible Entities.--Entities eligible for loans described in 
subsection (a) are cooperatives, credit unions, and nonprofit 
organizations with--
        ``(1) certification under section 1805.201 of title 12, Code of 
    Federal Regulations (or successor regulations), to operate as a 
    lender;
        ``(2) experience assisting socially disadvantaged farmers and 
    ranchers (as defined in subsection (a) of section 2501 of the Food, 
    Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 2279)) 
    or limited resource or new and beginning farmers and ranchers, 
    rural businesses, cooperatives, or credit unions, including 
    experience in making and servicing agricultural and commercial 
    loans; and
        ``(3) the ability to provide adequate assurance of the 
    repayment of a loan.
    ``(c) Eligible Purposes.--The proceeds from loans made by the 
Secretary pursuant to subsection (a) shall be re-lent by eligible 
entities for projects that assist heirs with undivided ownership 
interests to resolve ownership and succession on farmland that has 
multiple owners.
    ``(d) Preference.--In making loans under subsection (a), the 
Secretary shall give preference to eligible entities--
        ``(1) with not less than 10 years of experience serving 
    socially disadvantaged farmers and ranchers; and
        ``(2) in States that have adopted a statute consisting of an 
    enactment or adoption of the Uniform Partition of Heirs Property 
    Act, as approved and recommended for enactment in all States by the 
    National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws in 2010, 
    that relend to owners of heirs property (as defined in that Act).
    ``(e) Loan Terms and Conditions.--The following terms and 
conditions shall apply to loans made under this section:
        ``(1) The interest rate at which intermediaries may borrow 
    funds under this section shall be determined by the Secretary.
        ``(2) The rates, terms, and payment structure for borrowers to 
    which intermediaries lend shall be--
            ``(A) determined by the intermediary in an amount 
        sufficient to cover the cost of operating and sustaining the 
        revolving loan fund; and
            ``(B) clearly and publicly disclosed to qualified ultimate 
        borrowers.
        ``(3) Borrowers to which intermediaries lend shall be--
            ``(A) required to complete a succession plan as a condition 
        of the loan; and
            ``(B) be offered the opportunity to borrow sufficient funds 
        to cover costs associated with the succession plan under 
        subparagraph (A) and other associated legal and closing costs.
    ``(f) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of 
this section, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on 
Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the Committee on 
Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report describing 
the operation and outcomes of the program under this section, with 
recommendations on how to strengthen the program.
    ``(g) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $10,000,000 for each of fiscal 
years 2019 through 2023.''.

                      Subtitle B--Operating Loans

SEC. 5201. LIMITATIONS ON AMOUNT OF OPERATING LOANS.
    Section 313 of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act (7 
U.S.C. 1943) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (a)(1)--
            (A) by striking ``$300,000'' and inserting ``$400,000'';
            (B) by striking ``$700,000'' and inserting ``$1,750,000''; 
        and
            (C) by striking ``2000'' and inserting ``2019''; and
        (2) in subsection (b)--
            (A) in paragraph (1), by striking ``August'' and inserting 
        ``July''; and
            (B) in paragraph (2), by striking ``ending on August 31, 
        1996'' and inserting ``that immediately precedes the 12-month 
        period described in paragraph (1)''.
SEC. 5202. MICROLOANS.
    Section 313(c)(2) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development 
Act (7 U.S.C. 1943(c)(2)) is amended by striking ``title'' and 
inserting ``subsection''.
SEC. 5203. COOPERATIVE LENDING PILOT PROJECTS.
    Section 313(c)(4)(A) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development 
Act (7 U.S.C. 1943(c)(4)(A)) is amended by striking ``2018'' and 
inserting ``2023''.

                 Subtitle C--Administrative Provisions

SEC. 5301. BEGINNING FARMER AND RANCHER INDIVIDUAL DEVELOPMENT ACCOUNTS 
PILOT PROGRAM.
    Section 333B(h) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act 
(7 U.S.C. 1983b(h)) is amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
``2023''.
SEC. 5302. LOAN AUTHORIZATION LEVELS.
    Section 346(b)(1) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development 
Act (7 U.S.C. 1994(b)(1)) is amended--
        (1) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by striking 
    ``$4,226,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2008 through 2018'' and 
    inserting ``$10,000,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2019 through 
    2023''; and
        (2) by striking subparagraphs (A) and (B) and inserting the 
    following:
            ``(A) $3,000,000,000 shall be for direct loans, of which--
                ``(i) $1,500,000,000 shall be for farm ownership loans 
            under subtitle A; and
                ``(ii) $1,500,000,000 shall be for operating loans 
            under subtitle B; and
            ``(B) $7,000,000,000 shall be for guaranteed loans, of 
        which--
                ``(i) $3,500,000,000 shall be for farm ownership loans 
            under subtitle A; and
                ``(ii) $3,500,000,000 shall be for operating loans 
            under subtitle B.''.
SEC. 5303. LOAN FUND SET-ASIDES.
    Section 346(b)(2)(A)(ii)(III) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural 
Development Act (7 U.S.C. 1994(b)(2)(A)(ii)(III)) is amended by 
striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.
SEC. 5304. USE OF ADDITIONAL FUNDS FOR DIRECT OPERATING MICROLOANS 
UNDER CERTAIN CONDITIONS.
    Section 346(b) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act 
(7 U.S.C. 1994(b)) is amended by adding at the end the following:
        ``(5) Use of additional funds for direct operating microloans 
    under certain conditions.--
            ``(A) In general.--If the Secretary determines that the 
        amount needed for a fiscal year for direct operating loans 
        (including microloans) under subtitle B is greater than the 
        aggregate principal amount authorized for that fiscal year by 
        this Act, an appropriations Act, or any other provision of law, 
        the Secretary shall make additional microloans under subtitle B 
        using amounts made available under subparagraph (C).
            ``(B) Notice.--Not later than 15 days before the date on 
        which the Secretary uses the authority under subparagraph (A), 
        the Secretary shall submit a notice of the use of that 
        authority to--
                ``(i) the Committee on Appropriations of the House of 
            Representatives;
                ``(ii) the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate;
                ``(iii) the Committee on Agriculture of the House of 
            Representatives; and
                ``(iv) the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and 
            Forestry of the Senate.
            ``(C) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized 
        to be appropriated to carry out this paragraph $5,000,000 for 
        each of fiscal years 2019 through 2023.''.
SEC. 5305. EQUITABLE RELIEF.
    The Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act is amended by 
inserting after section 365 (7 U.S.C. 2008) the following:
    ``SEC. 366. EQUITABLE RELIEF.
    ``(a) In General.--Subject to subsection (b), the Secretary may 
provide a form of relief described in subsection (c) to any farmer or 
rancher who--
        ``(1) received a direct farm ownership, operating, or emergency 
    loan under this title; and
        ``(2) the Secretary determines is not in compliance with the 
    requirements of this title with respect to the loan.
    ``(b) Limitation.--The Secretary may only provide relief to a 
farmer or rancher under subsection (a) if the Secretary determines that 
the farmer or rancher--
        ``(1) acted in good faith; and
        ``(2) relied on an action of, or the advice of, the Secretary 
    (including any authorized representative of the Secretary) to the 
    detriment of the farming or ranching operation of the farmer or 
    rancher.
    ``(c) Forms of Relief.--The Secretary may provide to a farmer or 
rancher under subsection (a) any of the following forms of relief:
        ``(1) The farmer or rancher may retain loans or other benefits 
    received in association with the loan with respect to which the 
    farmer or rancher was determined to be noncompliant under 
    subsection (a)(2).
        ``(2) The farmer or rancher may receive such other equitable 
    relief as the Secretary determines to be appropriate.
    ``(d) Condition.--As a condition of receiving relief under this 
section, the Secretary may require the farmer or rancher to take 
actions designed to remedy the noncompliance.
    ``(e) Administrative Appeal; Judicial Review.--A determination or 
action of the Secretary under this section--
        ``(1) shall be final; and
        ``(2) shall not be subject to administrative appeal or judicial 
    review under chapter 7 of title 5, United States Code.''.
SEC. 5306. SOCIALLY DISADVANTAGED FARMERS AND RANCHERS; QUALIFIED 
BEGINNING FARMERS AND RANCHERS.
    The Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act is amended by 
inserting after section 366 (as added by section 5305) the following:
    ``SEC. 367. SOCIALLY DISADVANTAGED FARMERS AND RANCHERS; QUALIFIED 
      BEGINNING FARMERS AND RANCHERS.
    ``In the case of a loan guaranteed by the Secretary under subtitle 
A or B to a socially disadvantaged farmer or rancher (as defined in 
section 355(e)) or a qualified beginning farmer or rancher, the 
Secretary may provide for a standard guarantee plan, which shall cover 
an amount equal to 95 percent of the outstanding principal of the 
loan.''.
SEC. 5307. EMERGENCY LOAN ELIGIBILITY.
    Section 373(b)(2)(B) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development 
Act (7 U.S.C. 2008h(b)(2)(B)) is amended--
        (1) by redesignating clauses (i) and (ii) as subclauses (I) and 
    (II), respectively, and indenting appropriately;
        (2) in the matter preceding subclause (I) (as so redesignated), 
    by striking ``The Secretary'' and inserting the following:
                ``(i) In general.--The Secretary''; and
        (3) by adding at the end the following:
                ``(ii) Restructured loans.--For purposes of clause (i), 
            a borrower who was restructured with a write-down or 
            restructuring under section 353 shall not be considered to 
            have received debt forgiveness on a loan made or guaranteed 
            under this title.''.

                       Subtitle D--Miscellaneous

SEC. 5401. TECHNICAL CORRECTIONS TO THE CONSOLIDATED FARM AND RURAL 
DEVELOPMENT ACT.
    (a)(1) Section 321(a) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural 
Development Act (7 U.S.C. 1961(a)) is amended in the second sentence by 
striking ``and limited liability companies'' and inserting ``limited 
liability companies, and such other legal entities''.
    (2) The amendment made by this subsection shall take effect as if 
included in the enactment of section 5201(2)(C) of the Agricultural Act 
of 2014 (Public Law 113-79) in lieu of the amendment made by such 
section.
    (b)(1) Section 331D(e) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural 
Development Act (7 U.S.C. 1981d(e)) is amended by inserting after 
``within 60 days after receipt of the notice required in this section'' 
the following: ``or, in extraordinary circumstances as determined by 
the applicable State director, after the 60-day period''.
    (2) The amendment made by this subsection shall take effect as if 
included in the enactment of section 10 of the Agricultural Credit 
Improvement Act of 1992 (Public Law 102-554).
    (c)(1) Section 333A(f)(1)(A) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural 
Development Act (7 U.S.C. 1983a(f)(1)(A)) is amended by striking 
``114'' and inserting ``339''.
    (2) The amendment made by this subsection shall take effect as if 
included in the enactment of section 14 of the Agricultural Credit 
Improvement Act of 1992 (Public Law 102-554).
    (d) Section 339(d)(3) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural 
Development Act (7 U.S.C.1989(d)(3)) is amended by striking ``preferred 
certified lender'' and inserting ``Preferred Certified Lender''.
    (e)(1) Section 343(a)(11)(C) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural 
Development Act (7 U.S.C. 1991(a)(11)(C)) is amended by striking ``or 
joint operators'' and inserting ``joint operator, or owners''.
    (2) The amendment made by this subsection shall take effect as of 
the effective date of section 5303(a)(2) of the Agricultural Act of 
2014 (Public Law 113-79).
    (f)(1) Section 343(b) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural 
Development Act (7 U.S.C. 1991(b)) is amended by striking ``307(e)'' 
and inserting ``307(d)''.
    (2) The amendment made by paragraph (1) shall take effect as of the 
date of enactment of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (Public Law 113-79).
    (g) Section 346(a) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development 
Act (7 U.S.C.1994(a)) is amended by striking the last comma.
SEC. 5402. STATE AGRICULTURAL MEDIATION PROGRAMS.
    (a) Issues Covered by State Mediation Programs.--Section 501(c) of 
the Agricultural Credit Act of 1987 (7 U.S.C. 5101(c)) is amended--
        (1) in paragraph (1)--
            (A) in subparagraph (B)--
                (i) in the matter preceding clause (i), by striking 
            ``under the jurisdiction of the Department of 
            Agriculture'';
                (ii) in clause (ii), by inserting ``and the national 
            organic program established under the Organic Foods 
            Production Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 6501 et seq.)'' before the 
            period at the end; and
                (iii) by striking clause (vii) and inserting the 
            following:
                ``(vii) Lease issues, including land leases and 
            equipment leases.
                ``(viii) Family farm transition.
                ``(ix) Farmer-neighbor disputes.
                ``(x) Such other issues as the Secretary or the head of 
            the department of agriculture of each participating State 
            considers appropriate for better serving the agricultural 
            community and persons eligible for mediation.''; and
            (B) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(C) Mediation services.--Funding provided for the 
        mediation program of a qualifying State may also be used to 
        provide credit counseling to persons described in paragraph 
        (2)--
                ``(i) prior to the initiation of any mediation 
            involving the Department of Agriculture; or
                ``(ii) unrelated to any ongoing dispute or mediation in 
            which the Department of Agriculture is a party.'';
        (2) in paragraph (2)(A)--
            (A) in clause (ii), by striking ``and'' after the 
        semicolon;
            (B) in clause (iii), by striking the period at the end and 
        inserting ``; and''; and
            (C) by adding at the end the following:
                ``(iv) any other persons involved in an issue for which 
            mediation services are provided by a mediation program 
            described in paragraph (1)(B).''; and
        (3) in paragraph (3)(F), by striking ``that persons'' and 
    inserting the following: ``that--
                ``(i) the Department of Agriculture receives adequate 
            notification of those issues; and
                ``(ii) persons''.
    (b) Report Required.--Section 505 of the Agricultural Credit Act of 
1987 (7 U.S.C. 5105) is amended to read as follows:
    ``SEC. 505. REPORT.
    ``Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of the 
Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018, the Secretary shall submit to 
Congress a report describing--
        ``(1) the effectiveness of the State mediation programs 
    receiving matching grants under this subtitle;
        ``(2) recommendations for improving the delivery of mediation 
    services to producers;
        ``(3) the steps being taken to ensure that State mediation 
    programs receive timely funding under this subtitle; and
        ``(4) the savings to the States as a result of having a 
    mediation program.''.
    (c) Authorization of Appropriations.--Section 506 of the 
Agricultural Credit Act of 1987 (7 U.S.C. 5106) is amended by striking 
``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.
SEC. 5403. COMPENSATION OF BANK DIRECTORS.
    Section 4.21 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 2209) is 
repealed.
SEC. 5404. SHARING OF PRIVILEGED AND CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION.
    Section 5.19 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 2254) is 
amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(e) Sharing of Privileged and Confidential Information.--A System 
institution shall not be considered to have waived the confidentiality 
of a privileged communication with an attorney or an accountant if the 
System institution provides the content of the communication to the 
Farm Credit Administration pursuant to the supervisory or regulatory 
authorities of the Farm Credit Administration.''.
SEC. 5405. FACILITY HEADQUARTERS.
    Section 5.16 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 2251) is 
amended by striking all that precedes ``to the rental of quarters'' and 
inserting the following:
``SEC. 5.16. QUARTERS AND FACILITIES FOR THE FARM CREDIT 
ADMINISTRATION.
    ``(a) The Farm Credit Administration shall maintain its principal 
office within the Washington D.C.-Maryland-Virginia standard 
metropolitan statistical area, and such other offices within the United 
States as in its judgment are necessary.
    ``(b) As an alternate''.
SEC. 5406. REMOVAL AND PROHIBITION AUTHORITY; INDUSTRY-WIDE 
PROHIBITION.
    Part C of title V of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 is amended by 
inserting after section 5.29 (12 U.S.C. 2265) the following:
``SEC. 5.29A. REMOVAL AND PROHIBITION AUTHORITY; INDUSTRY-WIDE 
PROHIBITION.
    ``(a) Definition of Person.--In this section, the term `person' 
means--
        ``(1) an individual; and
        ``(2) in the case of a specific determination by the Farm 
    Credit Administration, a legal entity.
    ``(b) Industry-wide Prohibition.--Except as provided in subsection 
(c), any person who, pursuant to an order issued under section 5.28 or 
5.29, has been removed or suspended from office at a System institution 
or prohibited from participating in the conduct of the affairs of a 
System institution shall not, during the period of effectiveness of the 
order, continue or commence to hold any office in, or participate in 
any manner in the conduct of the affairs of--
        ``(1) any insured depository institution subject to section 
    8(e)(7)(A)(i) of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act (12 U.S.C. 
    1818(e)(7)(A)(i));
        ``(2) any institution subject to section 8(e)(7)(A)(ii) of the 
    Federal Deposit Insurance Act (12 U.S.C. 1818(e)(7)(A)(ii));
        ``(3) any insured credit union under the Federal Credit Union 
    Act (12 U.S.C. 1751 et seq.);
        ``(4) any Federal home loan bank;
        ``(5) any institution chartered under this Act;
        ``(6) any appropriate Federal financial institutions regulatory 
    agency (as defined in section 8(e)(7)(D) of the Federal Deposit 
    Insurance Act (12 U.S.C. 1818(e)(7)(D)));
        ``(7) the Federal Housing Finance Agency; or
        ``(8) the Farm Credit Administration.
    ``(c) Exception for Institution-affiliated Party That Receives 
Written Consent.--
        ``(1) In general.--
            ``(A) Affiliated parties.--If, on or after the date on 
        which an order described in subsection (b) is issued that 
        removes or suspends an institution-affiliated party from office 
        at a System institution or prohibits an institution-affiliated 
        party from participating in the conduct of the affairs of a 
        System institution, that party receives written consent 
        described in subparagraph (B), subsection (b) shall not apply 
        to that party--
                ``(i) to the extent provided in the written consent 
            received; and
                ``(ii) with respect to the institution described in 
            each written consent.
            ``(B) Written consent described.--The written consent 
        referred to in subparagraph (A) is written consent received 
        from--
                ``(i) the Farm Credit Administration; and
                ``(ii) each appropriate Federal financial institutions 
            regulatory agency (as defined in section 8(e)(7)(D) of the 
            Federal Deposit Insurance Act (12 U.S.C. 1818(e)(7)(D))) of 
            the applicable institution described in any of paragraphs 
            (1), (2), (3), or (4) of subsection (b) with respect to 
            which the party proposes to be become an affiliated party.
        ``(2) Disclosure.--Any agency described in clause (i) or (ii) 
    of paragraph (1)(B) that provides a written consent under that 
    paragraph shall--
            ``(A) report the action to the Farm Credit Administration; 
        and
            ``(B) publicly disclose the action.
        ``(3) Consultation between agencies.--The agencies described in 
    clauses (i) and (ii) of paragraph (1)(B) shall consult with each 
    other before providing any written consent under that paragraph.
    ``(d) Violations.--A violation of subsection (b) by any person who 
is subject to an order described in that subsection shall be treated as 
violation of that order.''.
SEC. 5407. JURISDICTION OVER INSTITUTION-AFFILIATED PARTIES.
    Part C of title V of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 is amended by 
inserting after section 5.31 (12 U.S.C. 2267) the following:
``SEC. 5.31A. JURISDICTION OVER INSTITUTION-AFFILIATED PARTIES.
    ``(a) In General.--For purposes of sections 5.25, 5.26, and 5.32, 
the jurisdiction of the Farm Credit Administration over parties, and 
the authority of the Farm Credit Administration to initiate actions, 
shall include enforcement authority over institution-affiliated 
parties.
    ``(b) Effect of Separation on Jurisdiction and Authority.--Subject 
to subsection (c), the resignation, termination of employment or 
participation, or separation of an institution-affiliated party 
(including a separation caused by the merger, consolidation, 
conservatorship, or receivership of a Farm Credit System institution) 
shall not affect the jurisdiction and authority of the Farm Credit 
Administration to issue any notice or order and proceed under this part 
against that party.
    ``(c) Limitation.--To proceed against a party under subsection (b), 
the notice or order described in that subsection shall be served not 
later than 6 years after the date on which the party ceased to be an 
institution-affiliated party with respect to the applicable Farm Credit 
System institution.
    ``(d) Applicability.--The date on which a party ceases to be an 
institution-affiliated party described in subsection (c) may occur 
before, on, or after the date of enactment of this section.''.
SEC. 5408. DEFINITION OF INSTITUTION-AFFILIATED PARTY.
    Section 5.35 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 2271) is 
amended--
        (1) in paragraph (3), by striking ``and'' at the end;
        (2) by redesignating paragraph (4) as paragraph (5); and
        (3) by inserting after paragraph (3) the following:
        ``(4) the term `institution-affiliated party' means--
            ``(A) a director, officer, employee, shareholder, or agent 
        of a System institution;
            ``(B) an independent contractor (including an attorney, 
        appraiser, or accountant) who knowingly or recklessly 
        participates in--
                ``(i) a violation of law (including regulations) that 
            is associated with the operations and activities of 1 or 
            more System institutions;
                ``(ii) a breach of fiduciary duty; or
                ``(iii) an unsafe practice that causes or is likely to 
            cause more than a minimum financial loss to, or a 
            significant adverse effect on, a System institution; and
            ``(C) any other person, as determined by the Farm Credit 
        Administration (by regulation or on a case-by-case basis) who 
        participates in the conduct of the affairs of a System 
        institution; and''.
SEC. 5409. PROHIBITION ON USE OF FUNDS.
    Section 5.65 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 2277a-14) is 
amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(e) Prohibition on Uses of Funds Related to Federal Agricultural 
Mortgage Corporation.--No funds from administrative accounts or from 
the Farm Credit System Insurance Fund may be used by the Corporation to 
provide assistance to the Federal Agricultural Mortgage Corporation or 
to support any activities related to the Federal Agricultural Mortgage 
Corporation.''.
SEC. 5410. EXPANSION OF ACREAGE EXCEPTION TO LOAN AMOUNT LIMITATION.
    (a) In General.--Section 8.8(c)(2) of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 
(12 U.S.C. 2279aa-8(c)(2)) is amended by striking ``1,000'' and 
inserting ``2,000''.
    (b) Effective Date.--The amendment made by subsection (a) shall 
take effect 1 year after the date a report submitted in accordance with 
section 5414 of this Act indicates that it is feasible to increase the 
acreage limitation in section 8.8(c)(2) of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 
to 2,000 acres.
SEC. 5411. REPEAL OF OBSOLETE PROVISIONS; TECHNICAL CORRECTIONS.
        (1) Section 1.1(c) of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
    2001(c)) is amended in the first sentence by striking ``including 
    any costs of defeasance under section 4.8(b),''.
        (2) Section 1.2 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 2002) 
    is amended by striking subsection (a) and inserting the following:
    ``(a) Composition.--The Farm Credit System shall include the Farm 
Credit Banks, the bank for cooperatives, Agricultural Credit Banks, the 
Federal Land Bank Associations, the Federal Land Credit Associations, 
the Production Credit Associations, the agricultural credit 
associations, the Federal Farm Credit Banks Funding Corporation, the 
Federal Agricultural Mortgage Corporation, service corporations 
established pursuant to section 4.25, and such other institutions as 
may be made a part of the Farm Credit System, all of which shall be 
chartered by and subject to regulation by the Farm Credit 
Administration.''.
        (3) Section 2.4 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 2075) 
    is amended by striking subsection (d).
        (4) Section 3.0(a) of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
    2121(a)) is amended--
            (A) in the third sentence, by striking ``and a Central Bank 
        for Cooperatives''; and
            (B) by striking the fifth sentence.
        (5) Section 3.2 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 2123) 
    is amended--
            (A) in subsection (a)--
                (i) in paragraph (1), by striking ``not merged into the 
            United Bank for Cooperatives or the National Bank for 
            Cooperatives''; and
                (ii) in paragraph (2)(A), in the matter preceding 
            clause (i), by striking ``(other than the National Bank for 
            Cooperatives)'';
            (B) by striking subsection (b);
            (C) in subsection (a)--
                (i) by striking ``(a)(1) Each bank'' and inserting the 
            following:
    ``(a) In General.--Each bank''; and
                (ii) by striking ``(2)(A) If approved'' and inserting 
            the following:
    ``(b) Nomination and Election.--
        ``(1) In general.--If approved'';
            (D) in subsection (b)(1) (as so designated)--
                (i) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``(B) The total'' 
            and inserting the following:
        ``(2) Number of votes.--The total''; and
                (ii) by redesignating clauses (i) and (ii) as 
            subparagraphs (A) and (B), respectively, and indenting 
            appropriately; and
            (E) in paragraph (2) (as so designated), by striking 
        ``paragraph'' and inserting ``subsection''.
        (6) Section 3.5 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 2126) 
    is amended in the third sentence by striking ``district''.
        (7) Section 3.7(a) of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
    2128(a)) is amended by striking the second sentence.
        (8) Section 3.8(b)(1)(A) of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 
    U.S.C. 2129(b)(1)(A)) is amended by inserting ``(or any successor 
    agency)'' after ``Rural Electrification Administration''.
        (9) Section 3.9(a) of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
    2130(a)) is amended by striking the third sentence.
        (10) Section 3.10 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
    2131) is amended--
            (A) in subsection (c), by striking the second sentence; and
            (B) in subsection (d)--
                (i) by striking ``district'' each place it appears; and
                (ii) by inserting ``for cooperatives (or any successor 
            bank)'' before ``on account''.
        (11) Section 3.11 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
    2132) is amended--
            (A) in subsection (a), in the first sentence, by striking 
        ``subsections (b) and (c) of this section'' and inserting 
        ``subsection (b)'';
            (B) in subsection (b)--
                (i) in the first sentence, by striking ``district''; 
            and
                (ii) in the second sentence, by striking ``Except as 
            provided in subsection (c) below, all'' and inserting 
            ``All'';
            (C) by striking subsection (c); and
            (D) by redesignating subsections (d) through (f) as 
        subsections (c) through (e), respectively.
        (12) Part B of title III of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 
    U.S.C. 2141 et seq.) is amended in the part heading by striking 
    ``United and''.
        (13) Section 3.20 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
    2141) is amended--
            (A) in subsection (a), by striking ``or the United Bank for 
        Cooperatives, as the case may be''; and
            (B) in subsection (b), by striking ``the district banks for 
        cooperatives and the Central Bank for Cooperatives'' and 
        inserting ``the constituent banks described in section 413(b) 
        of the Agricultural Credit Act of 1987 (12 U.S.C. 2121 note; 
        Public Law 100-233)''.
        (14) Section 3.21 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
    2142) is repealed.
        (15) Section 3.28 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
    2149) is amended by striking ``a district bank for cooperatives and 
    the Central Bank for Cooperatives'' and inserting ``the constituent 
    banks described in section 413(b) of the Agricultural Credit Act of 
    1987 (12 U.S.C. 2121 note; Public Law 100-233)''.
        (16) Section 3.29 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
    2149a) is repealed.
        (17) Section 4.0 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
    2151) is repealed.
        (18) Section 4.8 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
    2159) is amended--
            (A) by striking the section designation and heading and all 
        that follows through ``Each bank'' in subsection (a) and 
        inserting the following:
    ``SEC. 4.8. PURCHASE AND SALE OF OBLIGATIONS.
    ``Each bank''; and
            (B) by striking subsection (b).
        (19) Section 4.9 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
    2160) is amended--
            (A) in subsection (d)--
                (i) by striking paragraph (2) and inserting the 
            following:
        ``(3) Representation of board.--The Farm Credit System 
    Insurance Corporation shall not have representation on the board of 
    directors of the Corporation.'';
                (ii) in the undesignated matter following paragraph 
            (1)(D), by striking ``In selecting'' and inserting the 
            following:
        ``(2) Considerations.--In selecting''; and
                (iii) in paragraph (2) (as so designated), by inserting 
            ``of paragraph (1)'' after ``(A) and (B)'';
            (B) by striking subsection (e); and
            (C) by redesignating subsection (f) as subsection (e).
        (20) Section 4.9A(c) of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
    2162(c)) is amended--
            (A) by striking ``institution, and--'' in the matter 
        preceding paragraph (1) and all that follows through the period 
        at the end of paragraph (2) and inserting ``institution.'';
            (B) by striking ``If an institution'' and inserting the 
        following:
        ``(1) In general.--If an institution'';
            (C) in paragraph (1) (as so designated), by striking ``the 
        receiver of the institution'' and inserting ``the Farm Credit 
        System Insurance Corporation, acting as receiver,''; and
            (D) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(2) Funding.--The Farm Credit System Insurance Corporation 
    shall use such funds from the Farm Credit Insurance Fund as are 
    sufficient to carry out this section.''.
        (21) Section 4.12A(a) of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
    2184(a)) is amended by striking paragraph (1) and inserting the 
    following:
        ``(1) In general.--A Farm Credit System bank or association 
    shall provide to a stockholder of the bank or association a current 
    list of stockholders of the bank or association not later than 7 
    calendar days after the date on which the bank or association 
    receives a written request for the stockholder list from the 
    stockholder.''.
        (22) Section 4.14A of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
    2202a) is amended--
            (A) in subsection (a)--
                (i) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by inserting 
            ``and section 4.36'' before the colon at the end; and
                (ii) in paragraph (5)(B)(ii)(I), by striking 
            ``4.14C,'';
            (B) by striking subsection (h);
            (C) by redesignating subsections (i) through (l) as 
        subsections (h) through (k), respectively; and
            (D) in subsection (k) (as so redesignated), by striking 
        ``production credit''.
        (23) Section 4.14C of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
    2202c) is repealed.
        (24) Section 4.17 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
    2205) is amended in the third sentence by striking ``Federal 
    intermediate credit banks and''.
        (25) Section 4.19(a) of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
    2207(a)) is amended--
            (A) in the first sentence--
                (i) by striking ``district''; and
                (ii) by striking ``Federal land bank association and 
            production credit''; and
            (B) in the second sentence, by striking ``units'' and 
        inserting ``institutions''.
        (26) Section 4.38 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
    2219c) is amended by striking ``The Assistance Board established 
    under section 6.0 and all'' and inserting ``All''.
        (27) Section 4.39 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
    2219d) is amended by striking ``8.0(7))'' and inserting ``8.0)''.
        (28) Section 5.16 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
    2251) is amended in the undesignated matter following paragraph (5) 
    of subsection (b) (as designated by section 5405)--
            (A) in the fifth sentence, by striking ``In actions 
        undertaken by the banks pursuant to the foregoing provisions of 
        this section'' and inserting the following:
        ``(5) Agent for banks.--In actions undertaken by the banks 
    pursuant to this section'';
            (B) in the fourth sentence, by striking ``The plans'' and 
        inserting the following:
        ``(4) Approval of board.--The plans'';
            (C) in the third sentence, by striking ``The powers'' and 
        inserting the following:
        ``(3) Powers of banks.--The powers'';
            (D) in the second sentence, by striking ``Such advances'' 
        and inserting the following:
        ``(2) Advances.--The advances of funds described in paragraph 
    (1)''; and
            (E) in the first sentence, by striking ``The Board'' and 
        inserting the following:
    ``(c) Financing.--
        ``(1) In general.--The Board''.
        (29) Section 5.17(a)(2) of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 
    U.S.C. 2252(a)(2)) is amended by striking the second and third 
    sentences.
        (30) Section 5.18 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
    2253) is repealed.
        (31) Section 5.19 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
    2254) is amended--
            (A) in subsection (a)--
                (i) in the first sentence, by striking ``Except for 
            Federal land bank associations, each'' and inserting 
            ``Each''; and
                (ii) by striking the second sentence; and
            (B) in subsection (b)--
                (i) by striking ``(b)(1) Each'' and inserting ``(b) 
            Each'';
                (ii) in the matter preceding paragraph (2) (as so 
            designated)--

                    (I) in the second sentence, by striking ``, except 
                with respect to any actions taken by any banks of the 
                System under section 4.8(b),''; and
                    (II) by striking the third sentence; and

                (iii) by striking paragraphs (2) and (3).
        (32) Section 5.31 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
    2267) is amended in the second sentence by striking ``4.14A(i)'' 
    and inserting ``4.14A(h)''.
        (33) Section 5.32(h) of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
    2268(h)) is amended by striking ``4.14A(i)'' and inserting 
    ``4.14A(h)''.
        (34) Section 5.35 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
    2271) is amended in paragraph (5) (as redesignated by section 
    5408(2))--
            (A) in subparagraph (A), by adding ``and'' at the end;
            (B) by striking subparagraph (B);
            (C) by redesignating subparagraph (C) as subparagraph (B); 
        and
            (D) in subparagraph (B) (as so redesignated)--
                (i) by striking ``after December 31, 1992,''; and
                (ii) by striking ``by the Farm Credit System Assistance 
            Board under section 6.6 or''.
        (35) Section 5.38 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
    2274) is amended by striking ``a farm'' and all that follows 
    through ``land bank'' and inserting ``a Farm Credit Bank board, 
    officer, or employee shall not remove any director or officer of 
    any''.
        (36) Section 5.44 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
    2275) is repealed.
        (37) Section 5.58(2) of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
    2277a-7(2)) is amended by striking the second sentence.
        (38) Section 5.60 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
    2277a-9) is amended--
            (A) in subsection (b), by striking the subsection 
        designation and heading and all that follows through ``The 
        Corporation'' in paragraph (2) and inserting the following:
    ``(b) Amounts in Fund.--The Corporation''; and
            (B) in subsection (c)(2), by striking ``Insurance Fund to--
        '' in the matter preceding subparagraph (A) and all that 
        follows through ``ensure'' in subparagraph (B) and inserting 
        ``Insurance Fund to ensure''.
        (39) Title VI of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 2278a 
    et seq.) is repealed.
        (40) Section 7.9 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
    2279c-2) is amended by striking subsection (c).
        (41) Section 7.10(a) of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
    2279d(a)) is amended by striking paragraph (4) and inserting the 
    following:
        ``(4) the institution pays to the Farm Credit Insurance Fund 
    the amount by which the total capital of the institution exceeds 6 
    percent of the assets;''.
        (42) Section 8.0 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
    2279aa) is amended--
            (A) in paragraph (2), by striking ``means--'' in the matter 
        preceding subparagraph (A) and all that follows through the 
        period at the end of the undesignated matter following 
        subparagraph (B) and inserting ``means the board of directors 
        established under section 8.2.'';
            (B) by striking paragraphs (6) and (8);
            (C) by redesignating paragraphs (7), (9), and (10) as 
        paragraphs (6), (7), and (8), respectively; and
            (D) in subparagraph (B)(i) of paragraph (7) (as so 
        redesignated), by striking ``(b) through (d)'' and inserting 
        ``(b) and (c)''.
        (43) Section 8.2 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
    2279aa-2) is amended--
            (A) by striking subsection (a);
            (B) in subsection (b), by striking the subsection 
        designation and heading and all that follows through the period 
        at the end of paragraph (1) and inserting the following:
    ``(a) In General.--
        ``(1) Establishment.--The Corporation shall be under the 
    management of the board of directors.'';
            (C) in subsection (a) (as so designated)--
                (i) by striking ``permanent board'' each place it 
            appears and inserting ``Board'';
                (ii) by striking paragraph (3);
                (iii) by redesignating paragraphs (4) through (10) as 
            paragraphs (3) through (9), respectively; and
                (iv) in paragraph (3)(A) (as so redesignated), by 
            striking ``(6)'' and inserting ``(5)''; and
            (D) by redesignating subsection (c) as subsection (b).
        (44) Section 8.4(a)(1) of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 
    U.S.C. 2279aa-4(a)(1)) is amended--
            (A) in the sixth sentence--
                (i) by striking ``Class B'' and inserting the 
            following:
                ``(iii) Class b stock.--Class B''; and
                (ii) by striking ``8.2(b)(2)(B)'' and inserting 
            ``8.2(a)(2)(B)'';
            (B) in the fifth sentence--
                (i) by striking ``Class A'' and inserting the 
            following:
                ``(ii) Class a stock.--Class A''; and
                (ii) by striking ``8.2(b)(2)(A)'' and inserting 
            ``8.2(a)(2)(A)'';
            (C) in the fourth sentence, by striking ``The stock'' and 
        inserting the following:
            ``(D) Classes of stock.--
                ``(i) In general.--The stock'';
            (D) by striking the third sentence and inserting the 
        following:
            ``(C) Offers.--
                ``(i) In general.--The Board shall offer the voting 
            common stock to banks, other financial institutions, 
            insurance companies, and System institutions under such 
            terms and conditions as the Board may adopt.
                ``(ii) Requirements.--The voting common stock shall be 
            fairly and broadly offered to ensure that--

                    ``(I) no institution or institutions acquire a 
                disproportionate share of the total quantity of the 
                voting common stock outstanding of a class of stock; 
                and
                    ``(II) capital contributions and issuances of 
                voting common stock for the contributions are fairly 
                distributed between entities eligible to hold class A 
                stock and class B stock.'';

            (E) in the second sentence, by striking ``Each share'' and 
        inserting the following:
            ``(B) Number of votes.--Each share''; and
            (F) in the first sentence, by striking ``The Corporation'' 
        and inserting the following:
            ``(A) In general.--The Corporation''.
        (45) Section 8.6 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
    2279aa-6) is amended--
            (A) by striking subsection (d);
            (B) by redesignating subsection (e) as subsection (d); and
            (C) in paragraph (2) of subsection (d) (as so 
        redesignated), by striking ``8.0(9))'' and inserting ``8.0)''.
        (46) Section 8.9 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
    2279aa-9) is amended by striking ``4.14C,'' each place it appears.
        (47) Section 8.11(e) of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
    2279aa-11(e)) is amended by striking ``8.0(7))'' and inserting 
    ``8.0)''.
        (48) Section 8.32(a) of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
    2279bb-1(a)) is amended--
            (A) in the first sentence of the matter preceding paragraph 
        (1), by striking ``Not sooner than the expiration of the 3-year 
        period beginning on the date of enactment of the Farm Credit 
        System Reform Act of 1996, the'' and inserting ``The''; and
            (B) in paragraph (1)(B), by striking ``8.0(9)(C)'' and 
        inserting ``8.0(7)(C)''.
        (49) Section 8.33(b)(2)(A) of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 
    U.S.C. 2279bb-2(b)(2)(A)) is amended by striking ``8.6(e)'' and 
    inserting ``8.6(d)''.
        (50) Section 8.35 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
    2279bb-4) is amended by striking subsection (e).
        (51) Section 8.38 of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 U.S.C. 
    2279bb-7) is repealed.
        (52) Section 4 of the Agricultural Marketing Act (12 U.S.C. 
    1141b) is repealed.
        (53) Section 5 of the Agricultural Marketing Act (12 U.S.C. 
    1141c) is repealed.
        (54) Section 6 of the Agricultural Marketing Act (12 U.S.C. 
    1141d) is repealed.
        (55) Section 7 of the Agricultural Marketing Act (12 U.S.C. 
    1141e) is repealed.
        (56) Section 8 of the Agricultural Marketing Act (12 U.S.C. 
    1141f) is repealed.
        (57) Section 14 of the Agricultural Marketing Act (12 U.S.C. 
    1141i) is repealed.
        (58) The Act of June 22, 1939 (53 Stat. 853, chapter 239; 12 
    U.S.C. 1141d-1), is repealed.
        (59) Section 201(e) of the Emergency Relief and Construction 
    Act of 1932 (12 U.S.C. 1148) is repealed.
        (60) Section 2 of the Act of July 14, 1953 (67 Stat. 150, 
    chapter 192; 12 U.S.C. 1148a-4), is repealed.
        (61) Section 32 of the Farm Credit Act of 1937 (12 U.S.C. 
    1148b) is repealed.
        (62) Section 33 of the Farm Credit Act of 1937 (12 U.S.C. 
    1148c) is repealed.
        (63) Section 34 of the Farm Credit Act of 1937 (12 U.S.C. 
    1148d) is repealed.
        (64) The Joint Resolution of March 3, 1932 (47 Stat. 60, 
    chapter 70; 12 U.S.C. 1401 et seq.), is repealed.
SEC. 5412. CORPORATION AS CONSERVATOR OR RECEIVER; CERTAIN OTHER 
POWERS.
    Part E of title V of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 is amended by 
inserting after section 5.61B (12 U.S.C. 2277a-10b) the following:
``SEC. 5.61C. CORPORATION AS CONSERVATOR OR RECEIVER; CERTAIN OTHER 
POWERS.
    ``(a) Definition of Institution.--In this section, the term 
`institution' includes any System institution for which the Corporation 
has been appointed as conservator or receiver.
    ``(b) Certain Powers and Duties of Corporation as Conservator or 
Receiver.--In addition to the powers inherent in the express grant of 
corporate authority under section 5.58(9), and other powers exercised 
by the Corporation under this part, the Corporation shall have the 
following express powers to act as a conservator or receiver:
        ``(1) Rulemaking authority of corporation.--The Corporation may 
    prescribe such regulations as the Corporation determines to be 
    appropriate regarding the conduct of conservatorships or 
    receiverships.
        ``(2) General powers.--
            ``(A) Successor to system institution.--The Corporation 
        shall, as conservator or receiver, and by operation of law, 
        succeed to--
                ``(i) all rights, titles, powers, and privileges of the 
            System institution, and of any stockholder, member, 
            officer, or director of such System institution with 
            respect to the System institution and the assets of the 
            System institution; and
                ``(ii) title to the books, records, and assets of any 
            previous conservator or other legal custodian of such 
            System institution.
            ``(B) Operate the system institution.--The Corporation may, 
        as conservator or receiver--
                ``(i) take over the assets of and operate the System 
            institution with all the powers of the stockholders or 
            members, the directors, and the officers of the System 
            institution and conduct all business of the System 
            institution;
                ``(ii) collect all obligations and money due the System 
            institution;
                ``(iii) perform all functions of the System institution 
            in the name of the System institution which are consistent 
            with the appointment as conservator or receiver;
                ``(iv) preserve and conserve the assets and property of 
            such System institution; and
                ``(v) provide by contract for assistance in fulfilling 
            any function, activity, action, or duty of the Corporation 
            as conservator or receiver.
            ``(C) Functions of system institution's officers, 
        directors, members, and stockholders.--The Corporation may, by 
        regulation or order, provide for the exercise of any function 
        by any stockholder, member, director, or officer of any System 
        institution for which the Corporation has been appointed 
        conservator or receiver.
            ``(D) Powers as conservator.--Subject to any Farm Credit 
        Administration approvals required under this Act, the 
        Corporation may, as conservator, take such action as may be--
                ``(i) necessary to put the System institution in a 
            sound and solvent condition; and
                ``(ii) appropriate to carry on the business of the 
            System institution and preserve and conserve the assets and 
            property of the System institution.
            ``(E) Additional powers as receiver.--The Corporation may, 
        as receiver, liquidate the System institution and proceed to 
        realize upon the assets of the System institution, in such 
        manner as the Corporation determines to be appropriate.
            ``(F) Organization of new system bank.--The Corporation 
        may, as receiver with respect to any System bank, organize a 
        bridge System bank under subsection (h).
            ``(G) Merger; transfer of assets and liabilities.--
                ``(i) In general.--Subject to clause (ii), the 
            Corporation may, as conservator or receiver--

                    ``(I) merge the System institution with another 
                System institution; and
                    ``(II) transfer or sell any asset or liability of 
                the System institution in default without any approval, 
                assignment, or consent with respect to such transfer.

                ``(ii) Approval.--No merger or transfer under clause 
            (i) may be made to another System institution (other than a 
            bridge System bank under subsection (h)) without the 
            approval of the Farm Credit Administration.
            ``(H) Payment of valid obligations.--The Corporation, as 
        conservator or receiver, shall, to the extent that proceeds are 
        realized from the performance of contracts or the sale of the 
        assets of a System institution, pay all valid obligations of 
        the System institution in accordance with the prescriptions and 
        limitations of this section.
            ``(I) Incidental powers.--
                ``(i) In general.--The Corporation may, as conservator 
            or receiver--

                    ``(I) exercise all powers and authorities 
                specifically granted to conservators or receivers, 
                respectively, under this section and such incidental 
                powers as shall be necessary to carry out such powers; 
                and
                    ``(II) take any action authorized by this section, 
                which the Corporation determines is in the best 
                interests of--

                        ``(aa) the System institution in receivership 
                    or conservatorship;
                        ``(bb) System institutions;
                        ``(cc) System institution stockholders or 
                    investors; or
                        ``(dd) the Corporation.
                ``(ii) Termination of rights and claims.--

                    ``(I) In general.--Except as provided in subclause 
                (II), notwithstanding any other provision of law, the 
                appointment of the Corporation as receiver for a System 
                institution and the succession of the Corporation, by 
                operation of law, to the rights, titles, powers, and 
                privileges described in subparagraph (A) shall 
                terminate all rights and claims that the stockholders 
                and creditors of the System institution may have, 
                arising as a result of their status as stockholders or 
                creditors, against the assets or charter of the System 
                institution or the Corporation.
                    ``(II) Exceptions.--Subclause (I) shall not 
                terminate the right to payment, resolution, or other 
                satisfaction of the claims of stockholders and 
                creditors described in that subclause, as permitted 
                under paragraphs (10) and (11) and subsection (d).

                ``(iii) Charter.--Notwithstanding any other provision 
            of law, for purposes of this section, the charter of a 
            System institution shall not be considered to be an asset 
            of the System institution.
            ``(J) Utilization of private sector.--In carrying out its 
        responsibilities in the management and disposition of assets 
        from System institutions, as conservator, receiver, or in its 
        corporate capacity, the Corporation may utilize the services of 
        private persons, including real estate and loan portfolio asset 
        management, property management, auction marketing, legal, and 
        brokerage services, if the Corporation determines utilization 
        of such services is practicable, efficient, and cost effective.
        ``(3) Authority of receiver to determine claims.--
            ``(A) In general.--The Corporation may, as receiver, 
        determine claims in accordance with the requirements of this 
        subsection and regulations prescribed under paragraph (4).
            ``(B) Notice requirements.--The receiver, in any case 
        involving the liquidation or winding up of the affairs of a 
        closed System institution, shall--
                ``(i) promptly publish a notice to the System 
            institution's creditors to present their claims, together 
            with proof, to the receiver by a date specified in the 
            notice which shall be not less than 90 days after the 
            publication of such notice; and
                ``(ii) republish such notice approximately 1 month and 
            2 months, respectively, after the publication under clause 
            (i).
            ``(C) Mailing required.--The receiver shall mail a notice 
        similar to the notice published under subparagraph (B)(i) at 
        the time of such publication to any creditor shown on the 
        System institution's books--
                ``(i) at the creditor's last address appearing in such 
            books; or
                ``(ii) upon discovery of the name and address of a 
            claimant not appearing on the System institution's books 
            within 30 days after the discovery of such name and 
            address.
        ``(4) Rulemaking authority relating to determination of 
    claims.--The Corporation may prescribe regulations regarding the 
    allowance or disallowance of claims by the receiver and providing 
    for administrative determination of claims and review of such 
    determination.
        ``(5) Procedures for determination of claims.--
            ``(A) Determination period.--
                ``(i) In general.--Before the end of the 180-day period 
            beginning on the date any claim against a System 
            institution is filed with the Corporation as receiver, the 
            Corporation shall determine whether to allow or disallow 
            the claim and shall notify the claimant of any 
            determination with respect to such claim.
                ``(ii) Extension of time.--The period described in 
            clause (i) may be extended by a written agreement between 
            the claimant and the Corporation.
                ``(iii) Mailing of notice sufficient.--The requirements 
            of clause (i) shall be deemed to be satisfied if the notice 
            of any determination with respect to any claim is mailed to 
            the last address of the claimant which appears--

                    ``(I) on the System institution's books;
                    ``(II) in the claim filed by the claimant; or
                    ``(III) in documents submitted in proof of the 
                claim.

                ``(iv) Contents of notice of disallowance.--If any 
            claim filed under clause (i) is disallowed, the notice to 
            the claimant shall contain--

                    ``(I) a statement of each reason for the 
                disallowance; and
                    ``(II) the procedures available for obtaining 
                agency review of the determination to disallow the 
                claim or judicial determination of the claim.

            ``(B) Allowance of proven claims.--The receiver shall allow 
        any claim received on or before the date specified in the 
        notice published under paragraph (3)(B)(i) by the receiver from 
        any claimant which is proved to the satisfaction of the 
        receiver.
            ``(C) Disallowance of claims filed after end of filing 
        period.--
                ``(i) In general.--Except as provided in clause (ii), 
            claims filed after the date specified in the notice 
            published under paragraph (3)(B)(i) shall be disallowed and 
            such disallowance shall be final.
                ``(ii) Certain exceptions.--Clause (i) shall not apply 
            with respect to any claim filed by any claimant after the 
            date specified in the notice published under paragraph 
            (3)(B)(i) and such claim may be considered by the receiver 
            if--

                    ``(I) the claimant did not receive notice of the 
                appointment of the receiver in time to file such claim 
                before such date; and
                    ``(II) such claim is filed in time to permit 
                payment of such claim.

            ``(D) Authority to disallow claims.--
                ``(i) In general.--The receiver may disallow any 
            portion of any claim by a creditor or claim of security, 
            preference, or priority which is not proved to the 
            satisfaction of the receiver.
                ``(ii) Payments to less than fully secured creditors.--
            In the case of a claim of a creditor against a System 
            institution which is secured by any property or other asset 
            of such System institution, any receiver appointed for any 
            System institution--

                    ``(I) may treat the portion of such claim which 
                exceeds an amount equal to the fair market value of 
                such property or other asset as an unsecured claim 
                against the System institution; and
                    ``(II) may not make any payment with respect to 
                such unsecured portion of the claim other than in 
                connection with the disposition of all claims of 
                unsecured creditors of the System institution.

                ``(iii) Exceptions.--No provision of this paragraph 
            shall apply with respect to--

                    ``(I) any extension of credit from any Federal 
                Reserve bank or the United States Treasury to any 
                System institution; or
                    ``(II) any security interest in the assets of the 
                System institution securing any such extension of 
                credit.

            ``(E) No judicial review of determination pursuant to 
        subparagraph (d).--No court may review the Corporation's 
        determination pursuant to subparagraph (D) to disallow a claim.
            ``(F) Legal effect of filing.--
                ``(i) Statute of limitation tolled.--For purposes of 
            any applicable statute of limitations, the filing of a 
            claim with the receiver shall constitute a commencement of 
            an action.
                ``(ii) No prejudice to other actions.--Subject to 
            paragraph (12) and the determination of claims by a 
            receiver, the filing of a claim with the receiver shall not 
            prejudice any right of the claimant to continue any action 
            which was filed before the appointment of the receiver.
        ``(6) Provision for judicial determination of claims.--
            ``(A) In general.--Before the end of the 60-day period 
        beginning on the earlier of--
                ``(i) the end of the period described in paragraph 
            (5)(A)(i) with respect to any claim against a System 
            institution for which the Corporation is receiver; or
                ``(ii) the date of any notice of disallowance of such 
            claim pursuant to paragraph (5)(A)(i),
        the claimant may request administrative review of the claim in 
        accordance with paragraph (7) or file suit on such claim (or 
        continue an action commenced before the appointment of the 
        receiver) in the district or territorial court of the United 
        States for the district within which the System institution's 
        principal place of business is located or the United States 
        District Court for the District of Columbia (and such court 
        shall have jurisdiction to hear such claim).
            ``(B) Statute of limitations.--If any claimant fails to 
        file suit on such claim (or continue an action commenced before 
        the appointment of the receiver), before the end of the 60-day 
        period described in subparagraph (A), the claim shall be deemed 
        to be disallowed (other than any portion of such claim which 
        was allowed by the receiver) as of the end of such period, such 
        disallowance shall be final, and the claimant shall have no 
        further rights or remedies with respect to such claim.
        ``(7) Review of claims; administrative hearing.--If any 
    claimant requests review under this paragraph in lieu of filing or 
    continuing any action under paragraph (6) and the Corporation 
    agrees to such request, the Corporation shall consider the claim 
    after opportunity for a hearing on the record. The final 
    determination of the Corporation with respect to such claim shall 
    be subject to judicial review under chapter 7 of title 5, United 
    States Code.
        ``(8) Expedited determination of claims.--
            ``(A) Establishment required.--The Corporation shall 
        establish a procedure for expedited relief outside of the 
        routine claims process established under paragraph (5) for 
        claimants who--
                ``(i) allege the existence of legally valid and 
            enforceable or perfected security interests in assets of 
            any System institution for which the Corporation has been 
            appointed receiver; and
                ``(ii) allege that irreparable injury will occur if the 
            routine claims procedure is followed.
            ``(B) Determination period.--Before the end of the 90-day 
        period beginning on the date any claim is filed in accordance 
        with the procedures established pursuant to subparagraph (A), 
        the Corporation shall--
                ``(i) determine--

                    ``(I) whether to allow or disallow such claim; or
                    ``(II) whether such claim should be determined 
                pursuant to the procedures established pursuant to 
                paragraph (5); and

                ``(ii) notify the claimant of the determination, and if 
            the claim is disallowed, provide a statement of each reason 
            for the disallowance and the procedure for obtaining agency 
            review or judicial determination.
            ``(C) Period for filing or renewing suit.--Any claimant who 
        files a request for expedited relief shall be permitted to file 
        a suit, or to continue a suit filed before the appointment of 
        the receiver, seeking a determination of the claimant's rights 
        with respect to such security interest after the earlier of--
                ``(i) the end of the 90-day period beginning on the 
            date of the filing of a request for expedited relief; or
                ``(ii) the date the Corporation denies the claim.
            ``(D) Statute of limitations.--If an action described in 
        subparagraph (C) is not filed, or the motion to renew a 
        previously filed suit is not made, before the end of the 30-day 
        period beginning on the date on which such action or motion may 
        be filed in accordance with subparagraph (B), the claim shall 
        be deemed to be disallowed as of the end of such period (other 
        than any portion of such claim which was allowed by the 
        receiver), such disallowance shall be final, and the claimant 
        shall have no further rights or remedies with respect to such 
        claim.
            ``(E) Legal effect of filing.--
                ``(i) Statute of limitation tolled.--For purposes of 
            any applicable statute of limitations, the filing of a 
            claim with the receiver shall constitute a commencement of 
            an action.
                ``(ii) No prejudice to other actions.--Subject to 
            paragraph (12), the filing of a claim with the receiver 
            shall not prejudice any right of the claimant to continue 
            any action which was filed before the appointment of the 
            receiver.
        ``(9) Agreement as basis of claim.--
            ``(A) Requirements.--Except as provided in subparagraph 
        (B), any agreement which does not meet the requirements set 
        forth in section 5.61(d) shall not form the basis of, or 
        substantially comprise, a claim against the receiver or the 
        Corporation.
            ``(B) Exception to contemporaneous execution requirement.--
        Notwithstanding section 5.61(d), any agreement relating to an 
        extension of credit between a Federal Reserve bank or the 
        United States Treasury and any System institution which was 
        executed before such extension of credit to such System 
        institution shall be treated as having been executed 
        contemporaneously with such extension of credit for purposes of 
        subparagraph (A).
        ``(10) Payment of claims.--
            ``(A) In general.--The receiver may, in the receiver's 
        discretion and to the extent funds are available from the 
        assets of the System institution, pay creditor claims which are 
        allowed by the receiver, approved by the Corporation pursuant 
        to a final determination pursuant to paragraph (7) or (8), or 
        determined by the final judgment of any court of competent 
        jurisdiction in such manner and amounts as are authorized under 
        this Act.
            ``(B) Liquidation payments.--The receiver may, in the 
        receiver's sole discretion, pay from the assets of the System 
        institution portions of proved claims at any time, and no 
        liability shall attach to the Corporation (in such 
        Corporation's corporate capacity or as receiver), by reason of 
        any such payment, for failure to make payments to a claimant 
        whose claim is not proved at the time of any such payment.
            ``(C) Rulemaking authority of corporation.--The Corporation 
        may prescribe such rules, including definitions of terms, as it 
        deems appropriate to establish a single uniform interest rate 
        for or to make payments of post insolvency interest to 
        creditors holding proven claims against the receivership 
        estates of System institutions following satisfaction by the 
        receiver of the principal amount of all creditor claims.
        ``(11) Priority of expenses and claims.--
            ``(A) In general.--Amounts realized from the liquidation or 
        other resolution of any System institution by any receiver 
        appointed for such System institution shall be distributed to 
        pay claims (other than secured claims to the extent of any such 
        security) in the following order of priority:
                ``(i) Administrative expenses of the receiver.
                ``(ii) If authorized by the Corporation, wages, 
            salaries, or commissions, including vacation, severance, 
            and sick leave pay earned by an individual--

                    ``(I) in an amount that is not more than $11,725 
                for each individual (as indexed for inflation, by 
                regulation of the Corporation); and
                    ``(II) that is earned 180 days or fewer before the 
                date of appointment of the Corporation as receiver.

                ``(iii) In the case of the resolution of a System bank, 
            all claims of holders of consolidated and System-wide bonds 
            and all claims of the other System banks arising from the 
            payments of the System banks pursuant to--

                    ``(I) section 4.4 on consolidated and System-wide 
                bonds issued under subsection (c) or (d) of section 
                4.2; or
                    ``(II) an agreement, in writing and approved by the 
                Farm Credit Administration, among the System banks to 
                reallocate the payments.

                ``(iv) In the case of the resolution of a production 
            credit association or other association making direct loans 
            under section 7.6, all claims of a System bank based on the 
            financing agreement between the association and the System 
            bank--

                    ``(I) including interest accrued before and after 
                the appointment of the receiver; and
                    ``(II) not including any setoff for stock or other 
                equity of that System bank owned by the association, on 
                that condition that, prior to making that setoff, that 
                System bank shall obtain the approval of the Farm 
                Credit Administration Board for the retirement of that 
                stock or equity.

                ``(v) Any general or senior liability of the System 
            institution (which is not a liability described in clause 
            (vi) or (vii)).
                ``(vi) Any obligation subordinated to general creditors 
            (which is not an obligation described in clause (vii)).
                ``(vii) Any obligation to stockholders or members 
            arising as a result of their status as stockholders or 
            members.
            ``(B) Payment of claims.--
                ``(i) In general.--

                    ``(I) Payment.--All claims of each priority 
                described in clauses (i) through (vii) of subparagraph 
                (A) shall be paid in full, or provisions shall be made 
                for that payment, prior to the payment of any claim of 
                a lesser priority.
                    ``(II) Insufficient funds.--If there are 
                insufficient funds to pay in full all claims in any 
                priority described clauses (i) through (vii) of 
                subparagraph (A), distribution on that priority of 
                claims shall be made on a pro rata basis.

                ``(ii) Distribution of remaining assets.--Following the 
            payment of all claims in accordance with subparagraph (A), 
            the receiver shall distribute the remainder of the assets 
            of the System institution to the owners of stock, 
            participation certificates, and other equities in 
            accordance with the priorities for impairment under the 
            bylaws of the System institution.
                ``(iii) Eligible borrower stock.--Notwithstanding 
            subparagraph (C) or any other provision of this section, 
            eligible borrower stock shall be retired in accordance with 
            section 4.9A.
            ``(C) Effect of state law.--
                ``(i) In general.--The provisions of subparagraph (A) 
            shall not supersede the law of any State except to the 
            extent such law is inconsistent with the provisions of such 
            subparagraph, and then only to the extent of the 
            inconsistency.
                ``(ii) Procedure for determination of inconsistency.--
            Upon the Corporation's own motion or upon the request of 
            any person with a claim described in subparagraph (A) or 
            any State which is submitted to the Corporation in 
            accordance with procedures which the Corporation shall 
            prescribe, the Corporation shall determine whether any 
            provision of the law of any State is inconsistent with any 
            provision of subparagraph (A) and the extent of any such 
            inconsistency.
                ``(iii) Judicial review.--The final determination of 
            the Corporation under clause (ii) shall be subject to 
            judicial review under chapter 7 of title 5, United States 
            Code.
            ``(D) Accounting report.--Any distribution by the 
        Corporation in connection with any claim described in 
        subparagraph (A)(vii) shall be accompanied by the accounting 
        report required under paragraph (15)(B).
        ``(12) Suspension of legal actions.--
            ``(A) In general.--After the appointment of a conservator 
        or receiver for a System institution, the conservator or 
        receiver may request a stay for a period not to exceed--
                ``(i) 45 days, in the case of any conservator; and
                ``(ii) 90 days, in the case of any receiver,
        in any judicial action or proceeding to which such System 
        institution is or becomes a party.
            ``(B) Grant of stay by all courts required.--Upon receipt 
        of a request by any conservator or receiver pursuant to 
        subparagraph (A) for a stay of any judicial action or 
        proceeding in any court with jurisdiction of such action or 
        proceeding, the court shall grant such stay as to all parties.
        ``(13) Additional rights and duties.--
            ``(A) Prior final adjudication.--The Corporation shall 
        abide by any final unappealable judgment of any court of 
        competent jurisdiction which was rendered before the 
        appointment of the Corporation as conservator or receiver.
            ``(B) Rights and remedies of conservator or receiver.--In 
        the event of any appealable judgment, the Corporation as 
        conservator or receiver shall--
                ``(i) have all the rights and remedies available to the 
            System institution (before the appointment of such 
            conservator or receiver) and the Corporation in its 
            corporate capacity, including removal to Federal court and 
            all appellate rights; and
                ``(ii) not be required to post any bond in order to 
            pursue such remedies.
            ``(C) No attachment or execution.--No attachment or 
        execution may issue by any court on--
                ``(i) assets in the possession of the receiver; or
                ``(ii) the charter of a System institution for which 
            the Corporation has been appointed receiver.
            ``(D) Limitation on judicial review.--Except as otherwise 
        provided in this subsection, no court shall have jurisdiction 
        over--
                ``(i) any claim or action for payment from, or any 
            action seeking a determination of rights with respect to, 
            the assets of any System institution for which the 
            Corporation has been appointed receiver, including assets 
            which the Corporation may acquire from itself as such 
            receiver; or
                ``(ii) any claim relating to any act or omission of 
            such System institution or the Corporation as receiver.
            ``(E) Disposition of assets.--In exercising any right, 
        power, privilege, or authority as receiver in connection with 
        any sale or disposition of assets of any System institution for 
        which the Corporation is acting as receiver, the Corporation 
        shall, to the maximum extent practicable, conduct its 
        operations in a manner which--
                ``(i) maximizes the net present value return from the 
            sale or disposition of such assets;
                ``(ii) minimizes the amount of any loss realized in the 
            resolution of cases;
                ``(iii) ensures adequate competition and fair and 
            consistent treatment of offerors;
                ``(iv) prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, 
            sex, or ethnic groups in the solicitation and consideration 
            of offers; and
                ``(v) mitigates the potential for serious adverse 
            effects to the rest of the System.
        ``(14) Statute of limitations for actions brought by 
    conservator or receiver.--
            ``(A) In general.--Notwithstanding any provision of any 
        contract, the applicable statute of limitations with regard to 
        any action brought by the Corporation as conservator or 
        receiver shall be--
                ``(i) in the case of any contract claim, the longer 
            of--

                    ``(I) the 6-year period beginning on the date the 
                claim accrues; or
                    ``(II) the period applicable under State law; and

                ``(ii) in the case of any tort claim, the longer of--

                    ``(I) the 3-year period beginning on the date the 
                claim accrues; or
                    ``(II) the period applicable under State law.

            ``(B) Determination of the date on which a claim accrues.--
        For purposes of subparagraph (A), the date on which the statute 
        of limitations begins to run on any claim described in such 
        subparagraph shall be the later of--
                ``(i) the date of the appointment of the Corporation as 
            conservator or receiver; or
                ``(ii) the date on which the cause of action accrues.
            ``(C) Revival of expired state causes of action.--
                ``(i) In general.--In the case of any tort claim 
            described in clause (ii) for which the statute of 
            limitation applicable under State law with respect to such 
            claim has expired not more than 5 years before the 
            appointment of the Corporation as conservator or receiver, 
            the Corporation may bring an action as conservator or 
            receiver on such claim without regard to the expiration of 
            the statute of limitation applicable under State law.
                ``(ii) Claims described.--A tort claim referred to in 
            clause (i) is a claim arising from fraud, intentional 
            misconduct resulting in unjust enrichment, or intentional 
            misconduct resulting in substantial loss to the System 
            institution.
        ``(15) Accounting and recordkeeping requirements.--
            ``(A) In general.--The Corporation as conservator or 
        receiver shall, consistent with the accounting and reporting 
        practices and procedures established by the Corporation, 
        maintain a full accounting of each conservatorship and 
        receivership or other disposition of System institutions in 
        default.
            ``(B) Annual accounting or report.--With respect to each 
        conservatorship or receivership to which the Corporation was 
        appointed, the Corporation shall make an annual accounting or 
        report, as appropriate, available to the Farm Credit 
        Administration Board.
            ``(C) Availability of reports.--Any report prepared 
        pursuant to subparagraph (B) shall be made available by the 
        Corporation upon request to any stockholder of the System 
        institution for which the Corporation was appointed conservator 
        or receiver or any other member of the public.
            ``(D) Recordkeeping requirement.--
                ``(i) In general.--Except as provided in clause (ii), 
            after the end of the 6-year period beginning on the date 
            the Corporation is appointed as receiver of a System 
            institution, the Corporation may destroy any records of 
            such System institution which the Corporation, in the 
            Corporation's discretion, determines to be unnecessary 
            unless directed not to do so by a court of competent 
            jurisdiction or governmental agency, or prohibited by law.
                ``(ii) Old records.--Notwithstanding clause (i), the 
            Corporation may destroy records of a System institution 
            which are at least 10 years old as of the date on which the 
            Corporation is appointed as the receiver of such System 
            institution in accordance with clause (i) at any time after 
            such appointment is final, without regard to the 6-year 
            period of limitation contained in clause (i).
        ``(16) Fraudulent transfers.--
            ``(A) In general.--The Corporation, as conservator or 
        receiver for any System institution, may avoid a transfer of 
        any interest of a System institution-affiliated party, or any 
        person who the Corporation determines is a debtor of the System 
        institution, in property, or any obligation incurred by such 
        party or person, that was made within 5 years of the date on 
        which the Corporation was appointed conservator or receiver if 
        such party or person voluntarily or involuntarily made such 
        transfer or incurred such liability with the intent to hinder, 
        delay, or defraud the System institution, the Farm Credit 
        Administration, or the Corporation.
            ``(B) Right of recovery.--To the extent a transfer is 
        avoided under subparagraph (A), the Corporation may recover, 
        for the benefit of the System institution, the property 
        transferred, or, if a court so orders, the value of such 
        property (at the time of such transfer) from--
                ``(i) the initial transferee of such transfer or the 
            System institution-affiliated party or person for whose 
            benefit such transfer was made; or
                ``(ii) any immediate or mediate transferee of any such 
            initial transferee.
            ``(C) Rights of transferee or obligee.--The Corporation may 
        not recover under subparagraph (B) from--
                ``(i) any transferee that takes for value, including 
            satisfaction or securing of a present or antecedent debt, 
            in good faith; or
                ``(ii) any immediate or mediate good faith transferee 
            of such transferee.
            ``(D) Rights under this paragraph.--The rights under this 
        paragraph of the Corporation shall be superior to any rights of 
        a trustee or any other party (other than any party which is a 
        Federal agency) under title 11, United States Code.
        ``(17) Attachment of assets and other injunctive relief.--
    Subject to paragraph (18), any court of competent jurisdiction may, 
    at the request of the Corporation (in the Corporation's capacity as 
    conservator or receiver for any System institution or in the 
    Corporation's corporate capacity with respect to any asset acquired 
    or liability assumed by the Corporation under section 5.61), issue 
    an order in accordance with Rule 65 of the Federal Rules of Civil 
    Procedure, including an order placing the assets of any person 
    designated by the Corporation under the control of the court and 
    appointing a trustee to hold such assets.
        ``(18) Standards.--
            ``(A) Showing.--Rule 65 of the Federal Rules of Civil 
        Procedure shall apply with respect to any proceeding under 
        paragraph (17) without regard to the requirement of such rule 
        that the applicant show that the injury, loss, or damage is 
        irreparable and immediate.
            ``(B) State proceeding.--If, in the case of any proceeding 
        in a State court, the court determines that rules of civil 
        procedure available under the laws of such State provide 
        substantially similar protections to such party's right to due 
        process as Rule 65 (as modified with respect to such proceeding 
        by subparagraph (A)), the relief sought by the Corporation 
        pursuant to paragraph (17) may be requested under the laws of 
        such State.
        ``(19) Treatment of claims arising from breach of contracts 
    executed by the receiver or conservator.--Notwithstanding any other 
    provision of this subsection, any final and unappealable judgment 
    for monetary damages entered against a receiver or conservator for 
    a System institution for the breach of an agreement executed or 
    approved by such receiver or conservator after the date of its 
    appointment shall be paid as an administrative expense of the 
    receiver or conservator. Nothing in this paragraph shall be 
    construed to limit the power of a receiver or conservator to 
    exercise any rights under contract or law, including terminating, 
    breaching, canceling, or otherwise discontinuing such agreement.
    ``(c) Provisions Relating to Contracts Entered Into Before 
Appointment of Conservator or Receiver.--
        ``(1) Authority to repudiate contracts.--In addition to any 
    other rights a conservator or receiver may have, the conservator or 
    receiver for a System institution may disaffirm or repudiate any 
    contract or lease--
            ``(A) to which such System institution is a party;
            ``(B) the performance of which the conservator or receiver, 
        in the conservator's or receiver's discretion, determines to be 
        burdensome; and
            ``(C) the disaffirmance or repudiation of which the 
        conservator or receiver determines, in the conservator's or 
        receiver's discretion, will promote the orderly administration 
        of the System institution's affairs.
        ``(2) Timing of repudiation.--The Corporation as conservator or 
    receiver for any System institution shall determine whether or not 
    to exercise the rights of repudiation under this subsection within 
    a reasonable period following such appointment.
        ``(3) Claims for damages for repudiation.--
            ``(A) In general.--Except as otherwise provided in 
        subparagraph (C) and paragraphs (4), (5), and (6), the 
        liability of the conservator or receiver for the disaffirmance 
        or repudiation of any contract pursuant to paragraph (1) shall 
        be--
                ``(i) limited to actual direct compensatory damages; 
            and
                ``(ii) determined as of--

                    ``(I) the date of the appointment of the 
                conservator or receiver; or
                    ``(II) in the case of any contract or agreement 
                referred to in paragraph (8), the date of the 
                disaffirmance or repudiation of such contract or 
                agreement.

            ``(B) No liability for other damages.--For purposes of 
        subparagraph (A), the term `actual direct compensatory damages' 
        does not include--
                ``(i) punitive or exemplary damages;
                ``(ii) damages for lost profits or opportunity; or
                ``(iii) damages for pain and suffering.
            ``(C) Measure of damages for repudiation of financial 
        contracts.--In the case of any qualified financial contract or 
        agreement to which paragraph (8) applies, compensatory damages 
        shall be--
                ``(i) deemed to include normal and reasonable costs of 
            cover or other reasonable measures of damages utilized in 
            the industries for such contract and agreement claims; and
                ``(ii) paid in accordance with this subsection and 
            subsection (j), except as otherwise specifically provided 
            in this section.
        ``(4) Leases under which the system institution is the 
    lessee.--
            ``(A) In general.--If the conservator or receiver 
        disaffirms or repudiates a lease under which the System 
        institution was the lessee, the conservator or receiver shall 
        not be liable for any damages (other than damages determined 
        pursuant to subparagraph (B)) for the disaffirmance or 
        repudiation of such lease.
            ``(B) Payments of rent.--Notwithstanding subparagraph (A), 
        the lessor under a lease to which such subparagraph applies 
        shall--
                ``(i) be entitled to the contractual rent accruing 
            before the later of the date--

                    ``(I) the notice of disaffirmance or repudiation is 
                mailed; or
                    ``(II) the disaffirmance or repudiation becomes 
                effective, unless the lessor is in default or breach of 
                the terms of the lease; and

                ``(ii) have no claim for damages under any acceleration 
            clause or other penalty provision in the lease; and
                ``(iii) have a claim for any unpaid rent, subject to 
            all appropriate offsets and defenses, due as of the date of 
            the appointment, which shall be paid in accordance with 
            this subsection and subsection (j).
        ``(5) Leases under which the system institution is the 
    lessor.--
            ``(A) In general.--If the conservator or receiver 
        repudiates an unexpired written lease of real property of the 
        System institution under which the System institution is the 
        lessor and the lessee is not, as of the date of such 
        repudiation, in default, the lessee under such lease may 
        either--
                ``(i) treat the lease as terminated by such 
            repudiation; or
                ``(ii) remain in possession of the leasehold interest 
            for the balance of the term of the lease, unless the lessee 
            defaults under the terms of the lease after the date of 
            such repudiation.
            ``(B) Provisions applicable to lessee remaining in 
        possession.--If any lessee under a lease described in 
        subparagraph (A) remains in possession of a leasehold interest 
        pursuant to clause (ii) of such subparagraph--
                ``(i) the lessee--

                    ``(I) shall continue to pay the contractual rent 
                pursuant to the terms of the lease after the date of 
                the repudiation of such lease; and
                    ``(II) may offset against any rent payment which 
                accrues after the date of the repudiation of the lease, 
                any damages which accrue after such date due to the 
                nonperformance of any obligation of the System 
                institution under the lease after such date; and

                ``(ii) the conservator or receiver shall not be liable 
            to the lessee for any damages arising after such date as a 
            result of the repudiation, other than the amount of any 
            offset allowed under clause (i)(II).
        ``(6) Contracts for the sale of real property.--
            ``(A) In general.--If the conservator or receiver 
        repudiates any contract that meets the requirements of 
        paragraphs (1) through (4) of section 5.61(d) for the sale of 
        real property, and the purchaser of such real property under 
        such contract is in possession and is not, as of the date of 
        such repudiation, in default, such purchaser may either--
                ``(i) treat the contract as terminated by such 
            repudiation; or
                ``(ii) remain in possession of such real property.
            ``(B) Provisions applicable to purchaser remaining in 
        possession.--If any purchaser of real property under any 
        contract described in subparagraph (A) remains in possession of 
        such property pursuant to clause (ii) of such subparagraph--
                ``(i) the purchaser--

                    ``(I) shall continue to make all payments due under 
                the contract after the date of the repudiation of the 
                contract; and
                    ``(II) may offset against any such payments any 
                damages which accrue after such date due to the 
                nonperformance (after such date) of any obligation of 
                the System institution under the contract; and

                ``(ii) the conservator or receiver shall--

                    ``(I) not be liable to the purchaser for any 
                damages arising after that date as a result of the 
                repudiation, other than the amount of any offset 
                allowed under clause (i)(II);
                    ``(II) deliver title to the purchaser in accordance 
                with the contract; and
                    ``(III) have no obligation under the contract, 
                other than the performance required under subclause 
                (II).

            ``(C) Assignment and sale allowed.--
                ``(i) In general.--No provision of this paragraph shall 
            be construed as limiting the right of the conservator or 
            receiver to assign the contract described in subparagraph 
            (A) and sell the property subject to the contract and this 
            paragraph.
                ``(ii) No liability after assignment and sale.--If an 
            assignment and sale described in clause (i) is consummated, 
            the Corporation, acting as conservator or receiver, shall 
            have no further liability under the applicable contract 
            described in subparagraph (A) or with respect to the real 
            property which was the subject of such contract.
        ``(7) Provisions applicable to service contracts.--
            ``(A) Services performed before appointment.--In the case 
        of any contract for services between any person and any System 
        institution for which the Corporation has been appointed 
        conservator or receiver, any claim of such person for services 
        performed before the appointment of the conservator or the 
        receiver shall be--
                ``(i) a claim to be paid in accordance with subsections 
            (b) and (d); and
                ``(ii) deemed to have arisen as of the date the 
            conservator or receiver was appointed.
            ``(B) Services performed after appointment and prior to 
        repudiation.--If, in the case of any contract for services 
        described in subparagraph (A), the conservator or receiver 
        accepts performance by the other person before the conservator 
        or receiver makes any determination to exercise the right of 
        repudiation of such contract under this section--
                ``(i) the other party shall be paid under the terms of 
            the contract for the services performed; and
                ``(ii) the amount of such payment shall be treated as 
            an administrative expense of the conservatorship or 
            receivership.
            ``(C) Acceptance of performance no bar to subsequent 
        repudiation.--The acceptance by any conservator or receiver of 
        services referred to in subparagraph (B) in connection with a 
        contract described in such subparagraph shall not affect the 
        right of the conservator or receiver, to repudiate such 
        contract under this section at any time after such performance.
        ``(8) Certain qualified financial contracts.--
            ``(A) Definitions.--In this paragraph:
                ``(i) Commodity contract.--The term `commodity 
            contract' means--

                    ``(I) with respect to a futures commission 
                merchant, a contract for the purchase or sale of a 
                commodity for future delivery on, or subject to the 
                rules of, a contract market or board of trade;
                    ``(II) with respect to a foreign futures commission 
                merchant, a foreign future;
                    ``(III) with respect to a leverage transaction 
                merchant, a leverage transaction;
                    ``(IV) with respect to a clearing organization, a 
                contract for the purchase or sale of a commodity for 
                future delivery on, or subject to the rules of, a 
                contract market or board of trade that is cleared by 
                such clearing organization, or commodity option traded 
                on, or subject to the rules of, a contract market or 
                board of trade that is cleared by such clearing 
                organization;
                    ``(V) with respect to a commodity options dealer, a 
                commodity option;
                    ``(VI) any other agreement or transaction that is 
                similar to any agreement or transaction referred to in 
                this clause;
                    ``(VII) any combination of the agreements or 
                transactions referred to in this clause;
                    ``(VIII) any option to enter into any agreement or 
                transaction referred to in this clause;
                    ``(IX) a master agreement that provides for an 
                agreement or transaction referred to in any of 
                subclauses (I) through (VIII), together with all 
                supplements to any such master agreement, without 
                regard to whether the master agreement provides for an 
                agreement or transaction that is not a commodity 
                contract under this clause, except that the master 
                agreement shall be considered to be a commodity 
                contract under this clause only with respect to each 
                agreement or transaction under the master agreement 
                that is referred to in subclause (I), (II), (III), 
                (IV), (V), (VI), (VII), or (VIII); or
                    ``(X) any security agreement or arrangement or 
                other credit enhancement related to any agreement or 
                transaction referred to in this clause, including any 
                guarantee or reimbursement obligation in connection 
                with any agreement or transaction referred to in this 
                clause.

                ``(ii) Forward contract.--The term `forward contract' 
            means--

                    ``(I) a contract (other than a commodity contract) 
                for the purchase, sale, or transfer of a commodity or 
                any similar good, article, service, right, or interest 
                which is presently or in the future becomes the subject 
                of dealing in the forward contract trade, or product or 
                byproduct thereof, with a maturity date more than 2 
                days after the date the contract is entered into, 
                including a repurchase or reverse repurchase 
                transaction (whether or not such repurchase or reverse 
                repurchase transaction is a repurchase agreement), 
                consignment, lease, swap, hedge transaction, deposit, 
                loan, option, allocated transaction, unallocated 
                transaction, or any other similar agreement;
                    ``(II) any combination of agreements or 
                transactions referred to in subclauses (I) and (III);
                    ``(III) any option to enter into any agreement or 
                transaction referred to in subclause (I) or (II);
                    ``(IV) a master agreement that provides for an 
                agreement or transaction referred to in subclauses (I) 
                through (III), together with all supplements to any 
                such master agreement, without regard to whether the 
                master agreement provides for an agreement or 
                transaction that is not a forward contract under this 
                clause, except that the master agreement shall be 
                considered to be a forward contract under this clause 
                only with respect to each agreement or transaction 
                under the master agreement that is referred to in 
                subclause (I), (II), or (III); or
                    ``(V) any security agreement or arrangement or 
                other credit enhancement related to any agreement or 
                transaction referred to in subclause (I), (II), (III), 
                or (IV), including any guarantee or reimbursement 
                obligation in connection with any agreement or 
                transaction referred to in any such subclause.

                ``(iii) Person.--The term `person'--

                    ``(I) has the meaning given the term in section 1 
                of title 1, United States Code; and
                    ``(II) includes any governmental entity.

                ``(iv) Qualified financial contract.--The term 
            `qualified financial contract' means any securities 
            contract, commodity contract, forward contract, repurchase 
            agreement, swap agreement, and any similar agreement that 
            the Corporation determines by regulation, resolution, or 
            order to be a qualified financial contract for purposes of 
            this paragraph.
                ``(v) Repurchase agreement.--

                    ``(I) In general.--The term `repurchase agreement' 
                (including with respect to a reverse repurchase 
                agreement)--

                        ``(aa) means--
                            ``(AA) an agreement, including related 
                        terms, which provides for the transfer of one 
                        or more certificates of deposit, mortgage-
                        related securities (as such term is defined in 
                        section 3(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 
                        1934 (15 U.S.C. 78c(a))), mortgage loans, 
                        interests in mortgage-related securities or 
                        mortgage loans, eligible bankers' acceptances, 
                        qualified foreign government securities or 
                        securities that are direct obligations of, or 
                        that are fully guaranteed by, the United States 
                        or any agency of the United States against the 
                        transfer of funds by the transferee of such 
                        certificates of deposit, eligible bankers' 
                        acceptances, securities, mortgage loans, or 
                        interests with a simultaneous agreement by such 
                        transferee to transfer to the transferor 
                        thereof certificates of deposit, eligible 
                        bankers' acceptances, securities, mortgage 
                        loans, or interests as described above, at a 
                        date certain not later than 1 year after such 
                        transfers or on demand, against the transfer of 
                        funds, or any other similar agreement;
                            ``(BB) any combination of agreements or 
                        transactions referred to in subitems (AA) and 
                        (CC);
                            ``(CC) any option to enter into any 
                        agreement or transaction referred to in subitem 
                        (AA) or (BB);
                            ``(DD) a master agreement that provides for 
                        an agreement or transaction referred to in 
                        subitem (AA), (BB), or (CC), together with all 
                        supplements to any such master agreement, 
                        without regard to whether the master agreement 
                        provides for an agreement or transaction that 
                        is not a repurchase agreement under this item, 
                        except that the master agreement shall be 
                        considered to be a repurchase agreement under 
                        this item only with respect to each agreement 
                        or transaction under the master agreement that 
                        is referred to in subitem (AA), (BB), or (CC); 
                        and
                            ``(EE) any security agreement or 
                        arrangement or other credit enhancement related 
                        to any agreement or transaction referred to in 
                        any of subitems (AA) through (DD), including 
                        any guarantee or reimbursement obligation in 
                        connection with any agreement or transaction 
                        referred to in any such subitem; and
                        ``(bb) does not include any repurchase 
                    obligation under a participation in a commercial 
                    mortgage, loan unless the Corporation determines by 
                    regulation, resolution, or order to include any 
                    such participation within the meaning of such term.

                    ``(II) Related definition.--For purposes of 
                subclause (I)(aa), the term `qualified foreign 
                government security' means a security that is a direct 
                obligation of, or that is fully guaranteed by, the 
                central government of a member of the Organization for 
                Economic Cooperation and Development (as determined by 
                regulation or order adopted by the appropriate Federal 
                banking authority).

                ``(vi) Securities contract.--The term `securities 
            contract'--

                    ``(I) means--

                        ``(aa) a contract for the purchase, sale, or 
                    loan of a security, a certificate of deposit, a 
                    mortgage loan, any interest in a mortgage loan, a 
                    group or index of securities, certificates of 
                    deposit, or mortgage loans or interests therein 
                    (including any interest therein or based on the 
                    value thereof) or any option on any of the 
                    foregoing, including any option to purchase or sell 
                    any such security, certificate of deposit, mortgage 
                    loan, interest, group or index, or option, and 
                    including any repurchase or reverse repurchase 
                    transaction on any such security, certificate of 
                    deposit, mortgage loan, interest, group or index, 
                    or option (whether or not the repurchase or reverse 
                    repurchase transaction is a repurchase agreement);
                        ``(bb) any option entered into on a national 
                    securities exchange relating to foreign currencies;
                        ``(cc) the guarantee (including by novation) by 
                    or to any securities clearing agency of any 
                    settlement of cash, securities, certificates of 
                    deposit, mortgage loans or interests therein, group 
                    or index of securities, certificates of deposit, or 
                    mortgage loans or interests therein (including any 
                    interest therein or based on the value thereof) or 
                    option on any of the foregoing, including any 
                    option to purchase or sell any such security, 
                    certificate of deposit, mortgage loan, interest, 
                    group or index, or option (whether or not the 
                    settlement is in connection with any agreement or 
                    transaction referred to in any of items (aa), (bb), 
                    and (dd) through (kk));
                        ``(dd) any margin loan;
                        ``(ee) any extension of credit for the 
                    clearance or settlement of securities transactions;
                        ``(ff) any loan transaction coupled with a 
                    securities collar transaction, any prepaid 
                    securities forward transaction, or any total return 
                    swap transaction coupled with a securities sale 
                    transaction;
                        ``(gg) any other agreement or transaction that 
                    is similar to any agreement or transaction referred 
                    to in this subclause;
                        ``(hh) any combination of the agreements or 
                    transactions referred to in this subclause;
                        ``(ii) any option to enter into any agreement 
                    or transaction referred to in this subclause;
                        ``(jj) a master agreement that provides for an 
                    agreement or transaction referred to in any of 
                    items (aa) through (ii), together with all 
                    supplements to any such master agreement, without 
                    regard to whether the master agreement provides for 
                    an agreement or transaction that is not a 
                    securities contract under this subclause, except 
                    that the master agreement shall be considered to be 
                    a securities contract under this subclause only 
                    with respect to each agreement or transaction under 
                    the master agreement that is referred to in item 
                    (aa), (bb), (cc), (dd), (ee), (ff), (gg), (hh), or 
                    (ii); and
                        ``(kk) any security agreement or arrangement or 
                    other credit enhancement related to any agreement 
                    or transaction referred to in this subclause, 
                    including any guarantee or reimbursement obligation 
                    in connection with any agreement or transaction 
                    referred to in this subclause; and

                    ``(II) does not include any purchase, sale, or 
                repurchase obligation under a participation in a 
                commercial mortgage loan unless the Corporation 
                determines by regulation, resolution, or order to 
                include any such agreement within the meaning of such 
                term.

                ``(vii) Swap agreement.--The term `swap agreement' 
            means--

                    ``(I) any agreement, including the terms and 
                conditions incorporated by reference in any such 
                agreement, that is--

                        ``(aa) an interest rate swap, option, future, 
                    or forward agreement, including a rate floor, rate 
                    cap, rate collar, cross-currency rate swap, and 
                    basis swap;
                        ``(bb) a spot, same day-tomorrow, tomorrow-
                    next, forward, or other foreign exchange precious 
                    metals or other commodity agreement;
                        ``(cc) a currency swap, option, future, or 
                    forward agreement;
                        ``(dd) an equity index or equity swap, option, 
                    future, or forward agreement;
                        ``(ee) a debt index or debt swap, option, 
                    future, or forward agreement;
                        ``(ff) a total return, credit spread or credit 
                    swap, option, future, or forward agreement;
                        ``(gg) a commodity index or commodity swap, 
                    option, future, or forward agreement;
                        ``(hh) a weather swap, option, future, or 
                    forward agreement;
                        ``(ii) an emissions swap, option, future, or 
                    forward agreement; or
                        ``(jj) an inflation swap, option, future, or 
                    forward agreement;

                    ``(II) any agreement or transaction that is similar 
                to any other agreement or transaction referred to in 
                this clause and that is of a type that has been, is 
                presently, or in the future becomes, the subject of 
                recurrent dealings in the swap or other derivatives 
                markets (including terms and conditions incorporated by 
                reference in such agreement) and that is a forward, 
                swap, future, option or spot transaction on one or more 
                rates, currencies, commodities, equity securities or 
                other equity instruments, debt securities or other debt 
                instruments, quantitative measures associated with an 
                occurrence, extent of an occurrence, or contingency 
                associated with a financial, commercial, or economic 
                consequence, or economic or financial indices or 
                measures of economic or financial risk or value;
                    ``(III) any combination of agreements or 
                transactions referred to in this clause;
                    ``(IV) any option to enter into any agreement or 
                transaction referred to in this clause;
                    ``(V) a master agreement that provides for an 
                agreement or transaction referred to in any of 
                subclauses (I) through (IV), together with all 
                supplements to any such master agreement, without 
                regard to whether the master agreement contains an 
                agreement or transaction that is not a swap agreement 
                under this clause, except that the master agreement 
                shall be considered to be a swap agreement under this 
                clause only with respect to each agreement or 
                transaction under the master agreement that is referred 
                to in subclause (I), (II), (III), or (IV); and
                    ``(VI) any security agreement or arrangement or 
                other credit enhancement related to any agreements or 
                transactions referred to in any of subclauses (I) 
                through (V), including any guarantee or reimbursement 
                obligation in connection with any agreement or 
                transaction referred to in any such subclause.

                ``(viii) Transfer.--The term `transfer' means every 
            mode, direct or indirect, absolute or conditional, 
            voluntary or involuntary, of disposing of or parting with 
            property or with an interest in property, including 
            retention of title as a security interest and foreclosure 
            of the equity of redemption of a System institution.
                ``(ix) Treatment of master agreement as 1 agreement.--
            For purposes of this subparagraph--

                    ``(I) any master agreement for any contract or 
                agreement described in this subparagraph (or any master 
                agreement for such a master agreement or agreements), 
                together with all supplements to the master agreement, 
                shall be treated as a single agreement and a single 
                qualified financial contact; and
                    ``(II) if a master agreement contains provisions 
                relating to agreements or transactions that are not 
                qualified financial contracts, the master agreement 
                shall be deemed to be a qualified financial contract 
                only with respect to those transactions that are 
                themselves qualified financial contracts.

            ``(B) Rights of parties to contracts.--Subject to 
        paragraphs (9) and (10), and notwithstanding any other 
        provision of this Act (other than subsection (b)(9) and section 
        5.61(d)) or any other Federal or State law, no person shall be 
        stayed or prohibited from exercising--
                ``(i) any right such person has to cause the 
            termination, liquidation, or acceleration of any qualified 
            financial contract with a System institution which arises 
            upon the appointment of the Corporation as receiver for 
            such System institution at any time after such appointment;
                ``(ii) any right under any security agreement or 
            arrangement or other credit enhancement related to one or 
            more qualified financial contracts described in clause (i); 
            or
                ``(iii) any right to offset or net out any termination 
            value, payment amount, or other transfer obligation arising 
            under, or in connection with, 1 or more contracts and 
            agreements described in clause (i), including any master 
            agreement for such contracts or agreements.
            ``(C) Applicability of other provisions.--Subsection 
        (b)(12) shall apply in the case of any judicial action or 
        proceeding brought against any receiver referred to in 
        subparagraph (A), or the System institution for which such 
        receiver was appointed, by any party to a contract or agreement 
        described in subparagraph (B)(i) with such System institution.
            ``(D) Certain transfers not avoidable.--
                ``(i) In general.--Notwithstanding paragraph (11) or 
            any other Federal or State law relating to the avoidance of 
            preferential or fraudulent transfers, the Corporation, 
            whether acting as such or as conservator or receiver of a 
            System institution, may not avoid any transfer of money or 
            other property in connection with any qualified financial 
            contract with a System institution.
                ``(ii) Exception for certain transfers.--Clause (i) 
            shall not apply to any transfer of money or other property 
            in connection with any qualified financial contract with a 
            System institution if the Corporation determines that the 
            transferee had actual intent to hinder, delay, or defraud 
            such System institution, the creditors of such System 
            institution, or any conservator or receiver appointed for 
            such System institution.
            ``(E) Certain protections in event of appointment of 
        conservator.--Notwithstanding any other provision of this Act 
        (other than subparagraph (G), paragraph (10), subsection 
        (b)(9), and section 5.61(d)) or any other Federal or State law, 
        no person shall be stayed or prohibited from exercising--
                ``(i) any right such person has to cause the 
            termination, liquidation, or acceleration of any qualified 
            financial contract with a System institution in a 
            conservatorship based upon a default under such financial 
            contract which is enforceable under applicable 
            noninsolvency law;
                ``(ii) any right under any security agreement or 
            arrangement or other credit enhancement related to one or 
            more qualified financial contracts described in clause (i); 
            and
                ``(iii) any right to offset or net out any termination 
            values, payment amounts, or other transfer obligations 
            arising under or in connection with such qualified 
            financial contracts.
            ``(F) Clarification.--No provision of law shall be 
        construed as limiting the right or power of the Corporation, or 
        authorizing any court or agency to limit or delay, in any 
        manner, the right or power of the Corporation to transfer any 
        qualified financial contract in accordance with paragraphs (9) 
        and (10) or to disaffirm or repudiate any such contract in 
        accordance with paragraph (1).
            ``(G) Walkaway clauses not effective.--
                ``(i) Definition of walkaway clause.--In this 
            subparagraph, the term `walkaway clause' means any 
            provision in a qualified financial contract that suspends, 
            conditions, or extinguishes a payment obligation of a 
            party, in whole or in part, or does not create a payment 
            obligation of a party that would otherwise exist--

                    ``(I) solely because of--

                        ``(aa) the status of the party as a 
                    nondefaulting party in connection with the 
                    insolvency of a System institution that is a party 
                    to the contract; or
                        ``(bb) the appointment of, or the exercise of 
                    rights or powers by, the Corporation as a 
                    conservator or receiver of the System institution; 
                    and

                    ``(II) not as a result of the exercise by a party 
                of any right to offset, setoff, or net obligations that 
                exist under--

                        ``(aa) the contract;
                        ``(bb) any other contract between those 
                    parties; or
                        ``(cc) applicable law.
                ``(ii) Treatment.--Notwithstanding the provisions of 
            subparagraphs (B) and (E), no walkaway clause shall be 
            enforceable in a qualified financial contract of a System 
            institution in default.
                ``(iii) Limited suspension of certain obligations.--In 
            the case of a qualified financial contract referred to in 
            clause (ii), any payment or delivery obligations otherwise 
            due from a party pursuant to the qualified financial 
            contract shall be suspended from the time the receiver is 
            appointed until the earlier of--

                    ``(I) the time such party receives notice that such 
                contract has been transferred pursuant to subparagraph 
                (B); or
                    ``(II) 5:00 p.m. (eastern time) on the business day 
                following the date of the appointment of the receiver.

            ``(H) Recordkeeping requirements.--The Corporation, in 
        consultation with the Farm Credit Administration, may prescribe 
        regulations requiring more detailed recordkeeping by any System 
        institution with respect to qualified financial contracts 
        (including market valuations), only if such System institution 
        is subject to subclause (I), (III), or (IV) of section 
        5.61B(a)(1)(A)(ii).
        ``(9) Transfer of qualified financial contracts.--
            ``(A) Definitions.--In this paragraph:
                ``(i) Clearing organization.--The term `clearing 
            organization' has the meaning given the term in section 402 
            of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Improvement 
            Act of 1991 (12 U.S.C. 4402).
                ``(ii) Financial institution.--The term `financial 
            institution' means a System institution, a broker or 
            dealer, a depository institution, a futures commission 
            merchant, or any other institution, as determined by the 
            Corporation by regulation to be a financial institution.
            ``(B) Requirement.--In making any transfer of assets or 
        liabilities of a System institution in default which includes 
        any qualified financial contract, the conservator or receiver 
        for such System institution shall either--
                ``(i) transfer to one financial institution, other than 
            a financial institution for which a conservator, receiver, 
            trustee in bankruptcy, or other legal custodian has been 
            appointed, or that is otherwise the subject of a bankruptcy 
            or insolvency proceeding--

                    ``(I) all qualified financial contracts between any 
                person or any affiliate of such person and the System 
                institution in default;
                    ``(II) all claims of such person or any affiliate 
                of such person against such System institution under 
                any such contract (other than any claim which, under 
                the terms of any such contract, is subordinated to the 
                claims of general unsecured creditors of such System 
                institution);
                    ``(III) all claims of such System institution 
                against such person or any affiliate of such person 
                under any such contract; and
                    ``(IV) all property securing or any other credit 
                enhancement for any contract described in subclause (I) 
                or any claim described in subclause (II) or (III) under 
                any such contract; or

                ``(ii) transfer none of the qualified financial 
            contracts, claims, property or other credit enhancement 
            referred to in clause (i) (with respect to such person and 
            any affiliate of such person).
            ``(C) Transfer to foreign bank, foreign financial 
        institution, or branch or agency of a foreign bank or financial 
        institution.--In transferring any qualified financial contracts 
        and related claims and property under subparagraph (B)(i), the 
        conservator or receiver for the System institution shall not 
        make such transfer to a foreign bank, financial institution 
        organized under the laws of a foreign country, or a branch or 
        agency of a foreign bank or financial institution unless, under 
        the law applicable to such bank, financial institution, branch 
        or agency, to the qualified financial contracts, and to any 
        netting contract, any security agreement or arrangement or 
        other credit enhancement related to one or more qualified 
        financial contracts, the contractual rights of the parties to 
        such qualified financial contracts, netting contracts, security 
        agreements or arrangements, or other credit enhancements are 
        enforceable substantially to the same extent as permitted under 
        this section.
            ``(D) Transfer of contracts subject to the rules of a 
        clearing organization.--In the event that a conservator or 
        receiver transfers any qualified financial contract and related 
        claims, property, and credit enhancements pursuant to 
        subparagraph (B)(i) and such contract is cleared by or subject 
        to the rules of a clearing organization, the clearing 
        organization shall not be required to accept the transferee as 
        a member by virtue of the transfer.
        ``(10) Notification of transfer.--
            ``(A) Definition of business day.--In this paragraph, the 
        term `business day' means any day other than any Saturday, 
        Sunday, or any day on which either the New York Stock Exchange 
        or the Federal Reserve Bank of New York is closed.
            ``(B) Notification.--If--
                ``(i) the conservator or receiver for a System 
            institution in default makes any transfer of the assets and 
            liabilities of such System institution; and
                ``(ii) the transfer includes any qualified financial 
            contract, the conservator or receiver shall notify any 
            person who is a party to any such contract of such transfer 
            by 5:00 p.m. (eastern time) on the business day following 
            the date of the appointment of the receiver in the case of 
            a receivership, or the business day following such transfer 
            in the case of a conservatorship.
            ``(C) Certain rights not enforceable.--
                ``(i) Receivership.--A person who is a party to a 
            qualified financial contract with a System institution may 
            not exercise any right that such person has to terminate, 
            liquidate, or net such contract under paragraph (8)(B) of 
            this subsection, solely by reason of or incidental to the 
            appointment of a receiver for the System institution (or 
            the insolvency or financial condition of the System 
            institution for which the receiver has been appointed)--

                    ``(I) until 5:00 p.m. (eastern time) on the 
                business day following the date of the appointment of 
                the receiver; or
                    ``(II) after the person has received notice that 
                the contract has been transferred pursuant to paragraph 
                (9)(B).

                ``(ii) Conservatorship.--A person who is a party to a 
            qualified financial contract with a System institution may 
            not exercise any right that such person has to terminate, 
            liquidate, or net such contract under paragraph (8)(E) of 
            this subsection, solely by reason of or incidental to the 
            appointment of a conservator for the System institution (or 
            the insolvency or financial condition of the System 
            institution for which the conservator has been appointed).
                ``(iii) Notice.--For purposes of this paragraph, the 
            Corporation as receiver or conservator of a System 
            institution shall be deemed to have notified a person who 
            is a party to a qualified financial contract with such 
            System institution if the Corporation has taken steps 
            reasonably calculated to provide notice to such person by 
            the time specified in subparagraph (B).
            ``(D) Treatment of bridge system institutions.--The 
        following System institutions shall not be considered to be a 
        financial institution for which a conservator, receiver, 
        trustee in bankruptcy, or other legal custodian has been 
        appointed or which is otherwise the subject of a bankruptcy or 
        insolvency proceeding for purposes of paragraph (9):
                ``(i) A bridge System bank.
                ``(ii) A System institution organized by the 
            Corporation or the Farm Credit Administration, for which a 
            conservator is appointed either--

                    ``(I) immediately upon the organization of the 
                System institution; or
                    ``(II) at the time of a purchase and assumption 
                transaction between the System institution and the 
                Corporation as receiver for a System institution in 
                default.

        ``(11) Disaffirmance or repudiation of qualified financial 
    contracts.--In exercising the rights of disaffirmance or 
    repudiation of a conservator or receiver with respect to any 
    qualified financial contract to which a System institution is a 
    party, the conservator or receiver for such System institution 
    shall either--
            ``(A) disaffirm or repudiate all qualified financial 
        contracts between--
                ``(i) any person or any affiliate of such person; and
                ``(ii) the System institution in default; or
            ``(B) disaffirm or repudiate none of the qualified 
        financial contracts referred to in subparagraph (A) (with 
        respect to such person or any affiliate of such person).
        ``(12) Certain security interests not avoidable.--No provision 
    of this subsection shall be construed as permitting the avoidance 
    of any legally enforceable or perfected security interest in any of 
    the assets of any System institution except where such an interest 
    is taken in contemplation of the System institution's insolvency or 
    with the intent to hinder, delay, or defraud the System institution 
    or the creditors of such System institution.
        ``(13) Authority to enforce contracts.--
            ``(A) In general.--The conservator or receiver may enforce 
        any contract, other than a director's or officer's liability 
        insurance contract or a System institution bond, entered into 
        by the System institution notwithstanding any provision of the 
        contract providing for termination, default, acceleration, or 
        exercise of rights upon, or solely by reason of, insolvency or 
        the appointment of or the exercise of rights or powers by a 
        conservator or receiver.
            ``(B) Certain rights not affected.--No provision of this 
        paragraph may be construed as impairing or affecting any right 
        of the conservator or receiver to enforce or recover under a 
        director's or officer's liability insurance contract or 
        institution bond under other applicable law.
            ``(C) Consent requirement.--
                ``(i) In general.--Except as otherwise provided by this 
            section, no person may exercise any right or power to 
            terminate, accelerate, or declare a default under any 
            contract to which the System institution is a party, or to 
            obtain possession of or exercise control over any property 
            of the System institution or affect any contractual rights 
            of the System institution, without the consent of the 
            conservator or receiver, as appropriate, during the 45-day 
            period beginning on the date of the appointment of the 
            conservator, or during the 90-day period beginning on the 
            date of the appointment of the receiver, as applicable.
                ``(ii) Certain exceptions.--No provision of this 
            subparagraph shall apply to a director or officer liability 
            insurance contract or an institution bond, to the rights of 
            parties to certain qualified financial contracts pursuant 
            to paragraph (8), or shall be construed as permitting the 
            conservator or receiver to fail to comply with otherwise 
            enforceable provisions of such contract.
        ``(14) Exception for federal reserve and the united states 
    treasury.--No provision of this subsection shall apply with respect 
    to--
            ``(A) any extension of credit from any Federal Reserve bank 
        or the United States Treasury to any System institution; or
            ``(B) any security interest in the assets of the System 
        institution securing any such extension of credit.
        ``(15) Savings clause.--The meanings of terms used in this 
    subsection--
            ``(A) are applicable for purposes of this subsection only; 
        and
            ``(B) shall not be construed or applied so as to challenge 
        or affect the characterization, definition, or treatment of any 
        similar terms under any other law, regulation, or rule, 
        including--
                ``(i) the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (12 U.S.C. 1811 note; 
            Public Law 106-102);
                ``(ii) the Legal Certainty for Bank Products Act of 
            2000 (7 U.S.C. 27 et seq.);
                ``(iii) the securities laws (as that term is defined in 
            section 3(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15 
            U.S.C. 78c(a))); and
                ``(iv) the Commodity Exchange Act (7 U.S.C. 1 et seq.).
    ``(d) Valuation of Claims in Default.--
        ``(1) In general.--Notwithstanding any other provision of 
    Federal law or the law of any State and regardless of the method 
    which the Corporation determines to utilize with respect to a 
    System institution in default or in danger of default, including 
    transactions authorized under subsection (h) and section 5.61(a), 
    this subsection shall govern the rights of the creditors of such 
    System institution.
        ``(2) Maximum liability.--The maximum liability of the 
    Corporation, acting as receiver or in any other capacity, to any 
    person having a claim against the receiver or the System 
    institution for which such receiver is appointed shall equal the 
    amount such claimant would have received if the Corporation had 
    liquidated the assets and liabilities of such System institution 
    without exercising the Corporation's authority under subsection (h) 
    or section 5.61(a).
        ``(3) Additional payments authorized.--
            ``(A) In general.--The Corporation may, in its discretion 
        and in the interests of minimizing its losses, use its own 
        resources to make additional payments or credit additional 
        amounts to or with respect to or for the account of any 
        claimant or category of claimants. Notwithstanding any other 
        provision of Federal or State law, or the constitution of any 
        State, the Corporation shall not be obligated, as a result of 
        having made any such payment or credited any such amount to or 
        with respect to or for the account of any claimant or category 
        of claimants, to make payments to any other claimant or 
        category of claimants.
            ``(B) Manner of payment.--The Corporation may make the 
        payments or credit the amounts specified in subparagraph (A) 
        directly to the claimants or may make such payments or credit 
        such amounts to an open System institution to induce such 
        System institution to accept liability for such claims.
    ``(e) Limitation on Court Action.--Except as provided in this 
section, no court may take any action, except at the written request of 
the Board of Directors, to restrain or affect the exercise of powers or 
functions of the Corporation as a conservator or a receiver.
    ``(f) Liability of Directors and Officers.--
        ``(1) In general.--A director or officer of a System 
    institution may be held personally liable for monetary damages in 
    any civil action--
            ``(A) brought by, on behalf of, or at the request or 
        direction of the Corporation;
            ``(B) prosecuted wholly or partially for the benefit of the 
        Corporation--
                ``(i) acting as conservator or receiver of that System 
            institution;
                ``(ii) acting based on a suit, claim, or cause of 
            action purchased from, assigned by, or otherwise conveyed 
            by that receiver or conservator; or
                ``(iii) acting based on a suit, claim, or cause of 
            action purchased from, assigned by, or otherwise conveyed 
            in whole or in part by a System institution or an affiliate 
            of a System institution in connection with assistance 
            provided under section 5.61(a); and
            ``(C) for, as determined under the applicable State law--
                ``(i) gross negligence; or
                ``(ii) any similar conduct, including conduct that 
            demonstrates a greater disregard of a duty of care than 
            gross negligence, such as intentional tortious conduct.
        ``(2) Effect.--Nothing in paragraph (1) impairs or affects any 
    right of the Corporation under any other applicable law.
    ``(g) Damages.--In any proceeding related to any claim against a 
System institution's director, officer, employee, agent, attorney, 
accountant, appraiser, or any other party employed by or providing 
services to a System institution, recoverable damages determined to 
result from the improvident or otherwise improper use or investment of 
any System institution's assets shall include principal losses and 
appropriate interest.
    ``(h) Bridge Farm Credit System Banks.--
        ``(1) Organization.--
            ``(A) Purpose.--
                ``(i) In general.--When 1 or more System banks are in 
            default, or when the Corporation anticipates that 1 or more 
            System banks may become in default, the Corporation may, in 
            its discretion, organize, and the Farm Credit 
            Administration may, in its discretion, charter, 1 or more 
            System banks, with the powers and attributes of System 
            banks, subject to the provisions of this subsection, to be 
            referred to as `bridge System banks'.
                ``(ii) Intent of congress.--It is the intent of the 
            Congress that, in order to prevent unnecessary hardship or 
            losses to the customers of any System bank in default with 
            respect to which a bridge System bank is chartered, the 
            Corporation should--

                    ``(I) continue to honor commitments made by the 
                System bank in default to creditworthy customers; and
                    ``(II) not interrupt or terminate adequately 
                secured loans which are transferred under this 
                subsection and are being repaid by the debtor in 
                accordance with the terms of the loan instrument.

            ``(B) Authorities.--Once chartered by the Farm Credit 
        Administration, the bridge System bank may--
                ``(i) assume such liabilities of the System bank or 
            banks in default or in danger of default as the Corporation 
            may, in its discretion, determine to be appropriate;
                ``(ii) purchase such assets of the System bank or banks 
            in default or in danger of default as the Corporation may, 
            in its discretion, determine to be appropriate; and
                ``(iii) perform any other temporary function which the 
            Corporation may, in its discretion, prescribe in accordance 
            with this Act.
            ``(C) Articles of association.--The articles of association 
        and organization certificate of a bridge System bank as 
        approved by the Corporation shall be executed by 3 
        representatives designated by the Corporation.
            ``(D) Interim directors.--A bridge System bank shall have 
        an interim board of directors consisting of not fewer than 5 
        nor more than 10 members appointed by the Corporation.
        ``(2) Chartering.--
            ``(A) Conditions.--The Farm Credit Administration may 
        charter a bridge System bank only if the Board of Directors 
        determines that--
                ``(i) the amount which is reasonably necessary to 
            operate such bridge System bank will not exceed the amount 
            which is reasonably necessary to save the cost of 
            liquidating 1 or more System banks in default or in danger 
            of default with respect to which the bridge System bank is 
            chartered;
                ``(ii) the continued operation of such System bank or 
            banks in default or in danger of default with respect to 
            which the bridge System bank is chartered is essential to 
            provide adequate farm credit services in the 1 or more 
            communities where each such System bank in default or in 
            danger of default is or was providing those farm credit 
            services; or
                ``(iii) the continued operation of such System bank or 
            banks in default or in danger of default with respect to 
            which the bridge System bank is chartered is in the best 
            interest of the Farm Credit System or the public.
            ``(B) Bridge system bank treated as being in default for 
        certain purposes.--A bridge System bank shall be treated as 
        being in default at such times and for such purposes as the 
        Corporation may, in its discretion, determine.
            ``(C) Management.--A bridge System bank, upon the granting 
        of its charter, shall be under the management of a board of 
        directors consisting of not fewer than 5 nor more than 10 
        members appointed by the Corporation, in consultation with the 
        Farm Credit Administration.
            ``(D) Bylaws.--The board of directors of a bridge System 
        bank shall adopt such bylaws as may be approved by the 
        Corporation.
        ``(3) Transfer of assets and liabilities.--
            ``(A) Transfer upon grant of charter.--Upon the granting of 
        a charter to a bridge System bank pursuant to this subsection, 
        the Corporation, as receiver, may transfer any assets and 
        liabilities of the System bank to the bridge System bank in 
        accordance with paragraph (1).
            ``(B) Subsequent transfers.--At any time after a charter is 
        granted to a bridge System bank, the Corporation, as receiver, 
        may transfer any assets and liabilities of such System bank in 
        default as the Corporation may, in its discretion, determine to 
        be appropriate in accordance with paragraph (1).
            ``(C) Effective without approval.--The transfer of any 
        assets or liabilities of a System bank in default or danger of 
        default transferred to a bridge System bank shall be effective 
        without any further approval under Federal or State law, 
        assignment, or consent with respect thereto.
        ``(4) Powers of bridge system banks.--Each bridge System bank 
    chartered under this subsection shall, to the extent described in 
    the charter of the System bank in default with respect to which the 
    bridge System bank is chartered, have all corporate powers of, and 
    be subject to the same provisions of law as, any System bank, 
    except that--
            ``(A) the Corporation may--
                ``(i) remove the interim directors and directors of a 
            bridge System bank;
                ``(ii) fix the compensation of members of the interim 
            board of directors and the board of directors and senior 
            management, as determined by the Corporation in its 
            discretion, of a bridge System bank; and
                ``(iii) waive any requirement established under Federal 
            or State law which would otherwise be applicable with 
            respect to directors of a bridge System bank, on the 
            condition that the waiver of any requirement established by 
            the Farm Credit Administration shall require the 
            concurrence of the Farm Credit Administration;
            ``(B) the Corporation may indemnify the representatives for 
        purposes of paragraph (1)(B) and the interim directors, 
        directors, officers, employees, and agents of a bridge System 
        bank on such terms as the Corporation determines to be 
        appropriate;
            ``(C) no requirement under any provision of law relating to 
        the capital of a System institution shall apply with respect to 
        a bridge System bank;
            ``(D) the Farm Credit Administration Board may establish a 
        limitation on the extent to which any person may become 
        indebted to a bridge System bank without regard to the amount 
        of the bridge System bank's capital or surplus;
            ``(E)(i) the board of directors of a bridge System bank 
        shall elect a chairperson who may also serve in the position of 
        chief executive officer, except that such person shall not 
        serve either as chairperson or as chief executive officer 
        without the prior approval of the Corporation; and
            ``(ii) the board of directors of a bridge System bank may 
        appoint a chief executive officer who is not also the 
        chairperson, except that such person shall not serve as chief 
        executive officer without the prior approval of the 
        Corporation;
            ``(F) the Farm Credit Administration may waive any 
        requirement for a fidelity bond with respect to a bridge System 
        bank at the request of the Corporation;
            ``(G) any judicial action to which a bridge System bank 
        becomes a party by virtue of its acquisition of any assets or 
        assumption of any liabilities of a System bank in default shall 
        be stayed from further proceedings for a period of up to 45 
        days at the request of the bridge System bank;
            ``(H) no agreement which tends to diminish or defeat the 
        right, title or interest of a bridge System bank in any asset 
        of a System bank in default acquired by it shall be valid 
        against the bridge System bank unless such agreement--
                ``(i) is in writing;
                ``(ii) was executed by such System bank in default and 
            the person or persons claiming an adverse interest 
            thereunder, including the obligor, contemporaneously with 
            the acquisition of the asset by such System bank in 
            default;
                ``(iii) was approved by the board of directors of such 
            System bank in default or its loan committee, which 
            approval shall be reflected in the minutes of said board or 
            committee; and
                ``(iv) has been, continuously from the time of its 
            execution, an official record of such System bank in 
            default;
            ``(I) notwithstanding subsection 5.61(d)(2), any agreement 
        relating to an extension of credit between a System bank, 
        Federal Reserve bank, or the United States Treasury and any 
        System institution which was executed before the extension of 
        credit by such lender to such System institution shall be 
        treated as having been executed contemporaneously with such 
        extension of credit for purposes of subparagraph (H); and
            ``(J) except with the prior approval of the Corporation and 
        the concurrence of the Farm Credit Administration, a bridge 
        System bank may not, in any transaction or series of 
        transactions, issue capital stock or be a party to any merger, 
        consolidation, disposition of substantially all of the assets 
        or liabilities of the bridge System bank, sale or exchange of 
        capital stock, or similar transaction, or change its charter.
        ``(5) Capital.--
            ``(A) No capital required.--The Corporation shall not be 
        required to--
                ``(i) issue any capital stock on behalf of a bridge 
            System bank chartered under this subsection; or
                ``(ii) purchase any capital stock of a bridge System 
            bank, except that notwithstanding any other provision of 
            Federal or State law, the Corporation may purchase and 
            retain capital stock of a bridge System bank in such 
            amounts and on such terms as the Corporation, in its 
            discretion, determines to be appropriate.
            ``(B) Operating funds in lieu of capital.--Upon the 
        organization of a bridge System bank, and thereafter, as the 
        Corporation may, in its discretion, determine to be necessary 
        or advisable, the Corporation may make available to the bridge 
        System bank, upon such terms and conditions and in such form 
        and amounts as the Corporation may in its discretion determine, 
        funds for the operation of the bridge System bank in lieu of 
        capital.
            ``(C) Authority to issue capital stock.--Whenever the Farm 
        Credit Administration Board determines it is advisable to do 
        so, the Corporation shall cause capital stock of a bridge 
        System bank to be issued and offered for sale in such amounts 
        and on such terms and conditions as the Corporation may, in its 
        discretion, determine.
        ``(6) Employee status.--Representatives for purposes of 
    paragraph (1)(C), interim directors, directors, officers, 
    employees, or agents of a bridge System bank are not, solely by 
    virtue of service in any such capacity, officers or employees of 
    the United States. Any employee of the Corporation, the Farm Credit 
    Administration, or any Federal instrumentality who serves at the 
    request of the Corporation as a representative for purposes of 
    paragraph (1)(C), interim director, director, officer, employee, or 
    agent of a bridge System bank shall not--
            ``(A) solely by virtue of service in any such capacity lose 
        any existing status as an officer or employee of the United 
        States for purposes of any provision of law; or
            ``(B) receive any salary or benefits for service in any 
        such capacity with respect to a bridge System bank in addition 
        to such salary or benefits as are obtained through employment 
        with the Corporation or such Federal instrumentality.
        ``(7) Assistance authorized.--The Corporation may, in its 
    discretion, provide assistance under section 5.61(a) to facilitate 
    any merger or consolidation of a bridge System bank in the same 
    manner and to the same extent as such assistance may be provided to 
    a qualifying insured System bank (as defined in section 
    5.61(a)(2)(B)) or to facilitate a bridge System bank's acquisition 
    of any assets or the assumption of any liabilities of a System bank 
    in default or in danger of default.
        ``(8) Duration of bridge system banks.--Subject to paragraphs 
    (10) and (11), the status of a bridge System bank as such shall 
    terminate at the end of the 2-year period following the date it was 
    granted a charter. The Farm Credit Administration Board may, in its 
    discretion, extend the status of the bridge System bank as such for 
    3 additional 1-year periods.
        ``(9) Termination of bridge system banks status.--The status of 
    any bridge System bank as such shall terminate upon the earliest 
    of--
            ``(A) the merger or consolidation of the bridge System bank 
        with a System institution that is not a bridge System bank, on 
        the condition that the merger or consolidation shall be subject 
        to the approval of the Farm Credit Administration;
            ``(B) at the election of the Corporation and with the 
        approval of the Farm Credit Administration, the sale of a 
        majority or all of the capital stock of the bridge System bank 
        to a System institution or another bridge System bank;
            ``(C) at the election of the Corporation, and with the 
        approval of the Farm Credit Administration, either the 
        assumption of all or substantially all of the liabilities of 
        the bridge System bank, or the acquisition of all or 
        substantially all of the assets of the bridge System bank, by a 
        System institution that is not a bridge System bank or other 
        entity as permitted under applicable law; and
            ``(D) the expiration of the period provided in paragraph 
        (8), or the earlier dissolution of the bridge System bank as 
        provided in paragraph (11).
        ``(10) Effect of termination events.--
            ``(A) Merger or consolidation.--A bridge System bank that 
        participates in a merger or consolidation as provided in 
        paragraph (9)(A) shall be for all purposes a System 
        institution, with all the rights, powers, and privileges 
        thereof, and such merger or consolidation shall be conducted in 
        accordance with, and shall have the effect provided in, the 
        provisions of applicable law.
            ``(B) Charter conversion.--Following the sale of a majority 
        or all of the capital stock of the bridge System bank as 
        provided in paragraph (9)(B), the Farm Credit Administration 
        Board may amend the charter of the bridge System bank to 
        reflect the termination of the status of the bridge System bank 
        as such, whereupon the System bank shall remain a System bank, 
        with all of the rights, powers, and privileges thereof, subject 
        to all laws and regulations applicable thereto.
            ``(C) Assumption of liabilities and sale of assets.--
        Following the assumption of all or substantially all of the 
        liabilities of the bridge System bank, or the sale of all or 
        substantially all of the assets of the bridge System bank, as 
        provided in paragraph (9)(C), at the election of the 
        Corporation, the bridge System bank may retain its status as 
        such for the period provided in paragraph (8).
            ``(D) Amendments to charter.--Following the consummation of 
        a transaction described in subparagraph (A), (B), or (C) of 
        paragraph (9), the charter of the resulting System institution 
        shall be amended by the Farm Credit Administration to reflect 
        the termination of bridge System bank status, if appropriate.
        ``(11) Dissolution of bridge system bank.--
            ``(A) In general.--Notwithstanding any other provision of 
        State or Federal law, if the bridge System bank's status as 
        such has not previously been terminated by the occurrence of an 
        event specified in subparagraph (A), (B), or (C) of paragraph 
        (9)--
                ``(i) the Corporation, after consultation with the Farm 
            Credit Administration, may, in its discretion, dissolve a 
            bridge System bank in accordance with this paragraph at any 
            time; and
                ``(ii) the Corporation, after consultation with the 
            Farm Credit Administration, shall promptly commence 
            dissolution proceedings in accordance with this paragraph 
            upon the expiration of the 2-year period following the date 
            the bridge System bank was chartered, or any extension 
            thereof, as provided in paragraph (8).
            ``(B) Procedures.--The Farm Credit Administration Board 
        shall appoint the Corporation as receiver for a bridge System 
        bank upon determining to dissolve the bridge System bank. The 
        Corporation as such receiver shall wind up the affairs of the 
        bridge System bank in conformity with the provisions of law 
        relating to the liquidation of closed System banks. With 
        respect to any such bridge System bank, the Corporation as such 
        receiver shall have all the rights, powers, and privileges and 
        shall perform the duties related to the exercise of such 
        rights, powers, or privileges granted by law to a receiver of 
        any insured System bank and, notwithstanding any other 
        provision of law in the exercise of such rights, powers, and 
        privileges, the Corporation shall not be subject to the 
        direction or supervision of any State agency or other Federal 
        agency.
        ``(12) Multiple bridge system banks.--The Corporation may, in 
    the Corporation's discretion, organize, and the Farm Credit 
    Administration may, in its discretion, charter, 2 or more bridge 
    System banks under this subsection to assume any liabilities and 
    purchase any assets of a single System institution in default.
    ``(i) Certain Sales of Assets Prohibited.--
        ``(1) Persons who engaged in improper conduct with, or caused 
    losses to, system institutions.--The Corporation shall prescribe 
    regulations which, at a minimum, shall prohibit the sale of assets 
    of a failed System institution by the Corporation to--
            ``(A) any person who--
                ``(i) has defaulted, or was a member of a partnership 
            or an officer or director of a corporation that has 
            defaulted, on 1 or more obligations the aggregate amount of 
            which exceed $1,000,000, to such failed System institution;
                ``(ii) has been found to have engaged in fraudulent 
            activity in connection with any obligation referred to in 
            clause (i); and
                ``(iii) proposes to purchase any such asset in whole or 
            in part through the use of the proceeds of a loan or 
            advance of credit from the Corporation or from any System 
            institution for which the Corporation has been appointed as 
            conservator or receiver;
            ``(B) any person who participated, as an officer or 
        director of such failed System institution or of any affiliate 
        of such System institution, in a material way in transactions 
        that resulted in a substantial loss to such failed System 
        institution;
            ``(C) any person who has been removed from, or prohibited 
        from participating in the affairs of, such failed System 
        institution pursuant to any final enforcement action by the 
        Farm Credit Administration;
            ``(D) any person who has demonstrated a pattern or practice 
        of defalcation regarding obligations to such failed System 
        institution; or
            ``(E) any person who is in default on any loan or other 
        extension of credit from such failed System institution which, 
        if not paid, will cause substantial loss to the System 
        institution or the Corporation.
        ``(2) Defaulted debtors.--Except as provided in paragraph (3), 
    any person who is in default on any loan or other extension of 
    credit from the System institution, which, if not paid, will cause 
    substantial loss to the System institution or the Corporation, may 
    not purchase any asset from the conservator or receiver.
        ``(3) Settlement of claims.--Paragraph (1) shall not apply to 
    the sale or transfer by the Corporation of any asset of any System 
    institution to any person if the sale or transfer of the asset 
    resolves or settles, or is part of the resolution or settlement, 
    of--
            ``(A) 1 or more claims that have been, or could have been, 
        asserted by the Corporation against the person; or
            ``(B) obligations owed by the person to any System 
        institution, or the Corporation.
        ``(4) Definition of default.--For purposes of this subsection, 
    the term `default' means a failure to comply with the terms of a 
    loan or other obligation to such an extent that the property 
    securing the obligation is foreclosed upon.
    ``(j) Expedited Procedures for Certain Claims.--
        ``(1) Time for filing notice of appeal.--The notice of appeal 
    of any order, whether interlocutory or final, entered in any case 
    brought by the Corporation against a System institution's director, 
    officer, employee, agent, attorney, accountant, or appraiser or any 
    other person employed by or providing services to a System 
    institution shall be filed not later than 30 days after the date of 
    entry of the order. The hearing of the appeal shall be held not 
    later than 120 days after the date of the notice of appeal. The 
    appeal shall be decided not later than 180 days after the date of 
    the notice of appeal.
        ``(2) Scheduling.--A court of the United States shall expedite 
    the consideration of any case brought by the Corporation against a 
    System institution's director, officer, employee, agent, attorney, 
    accountant, or appraiser or any other person employed by or 
    providing services to a System institution. As far as practicable 
    the court shall give such case priority on its docket.
        ``(3) Judicial discretion.--The court may modify the schedule 
    and limitations stated in paragraphs (1) and (2) in a particular 
    case, based on a specific finding that the ends of justice that 
    would be served by making such a modification would outweigh the 
    best interest of the public in having the case resolved 
    expeditiously.
    ``(k) Bond Not Required; Agents; Fee.--The Corporation as 
conservator or receiver of a System institution shall not be required 
to furnish bond and may appoint an agent or agents to assist in its 
duties as such conservator or receiver. All fees, compensation, and 
expenses of liquidation and administration shall be fixed by the 
Corporation and may be paid by it out of funds coming into its 
possession as such conservator or receiver.
    ``(l) Consultation Regarding Conservatorships and Receiverships.--
To the extent practicable--
        ``(1) the Farm Credit Administration shall consult with the 
    Corporation prior to taking a preresolution action concerning a 
    System institution that may result in a conservatorship or 
    receivership; and
        ``(2) the Corporation, acting in the capacity of the 
    Corporation as a conservator or receiver, shall consult with the 
    Farm Credit Administration prior to taking any significant action 
    impacting System institutions or service to System borrowers.
    ``(m) Applicability.--This section shall become applicable with 
respect to the power of the Corporation to act as a conservator or 
receiver on the date on which the Farm Credit Administration appoints 
the Corporation as a conservator or receiver under section 4.12 or 
8.41.''.
SEC. 5413. REPORTING.
    (a) Definition of Farm Loan.--In this section, the term ``farm 
loan'' means--
        (1) a farm ownership loan under subtitle A of the Consolidated 
    Farm and Rural Development Act (7 U.S.C. 1922 et seq.); and
        (2) an operating loan under subtitle B of that Act (7 U.S.C. 
    1941 et seq.).
    (b) Reports.--
        (1) Preparation.--For each fiscal year, the Secretary shall 
    prepare a report that includes--
            (A) aggregate data based on a review of each outstanding 
        farm loan made or guaranteed by the Secretary describing, for 
        the United States and for each State and county in the United 
        States--
                (i) the age of the recipient producer;
                (ii) the duration that the recipient producer has 
            engaged in agricultural production;
                (iii) the size of the farm or ranch of the recipient 
            producer;
                (iv) the race, ethnicity, and gender of the recipient 
            producer;
                (v) the agricultural commodity or commodities, or type 
            of enterprise, for which the loan was secured;
                (vi) the amount of the farm loan made or guaranteed;
                (vii) the type of the farm loan made or guaranteed; and
                (viii) the default rate of the farm loan made or 
            guaranteed;
            (B) for each State and county in the United States, data 
        demonstrating the number of outstanding farm loans made or 
        guaranteed, according to loan size cohort; and
            (C) an assessment of actual loans made or guaranteed as 
        measured against target participation rates for beginning and 
        socially disadvantaged farmers, broken down by State, as 
        described in sections 346(b)(2) and 355 of the Consolidated 
        Farm and Rural Development Act (7 U.S.C. 1994(b)(2), 2003).
        (2) Submission of report.--The report described in paragraph 
    (1) shall be--
            (A) submitted--
                (i) to--

                    (I) the Committee on Agriculture of the House of 
                Representatives;
                    (II) the Committee on Appropriations of the House 
                of Representatives;
                    (III) the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and 
                Forestry of the Senate; and
                    (IV) the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate; 
                and

                (ii) not later than December 30, 2019, and annually 
            thereafter; and
            (B) made publicly available not later than 90 days after 
        the date described in subparagraph (A)(ii).
    (c) Comprehensive Review.--
        (1) In general.--Not later than 4 years after the date of 
    enactment of this Act (and every 5 years thereafter), the Secretary 
    shall--
            (A) prepare a comprehensive review of all reports submitted 
        under subsection (b)(2);
            (B) identify trends within data outlined in subsection 
        (b)(1), including the extent to which target annual 
        participation rates for beginning and socially disadvantaged 
        farmers (as defined by the Secretary) are being met for each 
        loan type; and
            (C) provide specific actions the Department will take to 
        improve the performance of direct and guaranteed loans with 
        respect to underserved producers and any recommendations the 
        Secretary may make for further congressional action.
        (2) Submission of comprehensive review.--The comprehensive 
    review described in paragraph (1) shall be--
            (A) submitted to--
                (i) the Committee on Agriculture of the House of 
            Representatives;
                (ii) the Committee on Appropriations of the House of 
            Representatives;
                (iii) the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and 
            Forestry of the Senate; and
                (iv) the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate; and
            (B) made publicly available not later than 90 days after 
        the date of submission under subparagraph (A).
    (d) Privacy.--In preparing any report or review under this section, 
the Secretary shall aggregate or de-identify the data in a manner 
sufficient to ensure that the identity of a recipient producer 
associated with the data cannot be ascertained.
SEC. 5414. STUDY ON LOAN RISK.
    (a) Study.--The Farm Credit Administration shall conduct a study 
that--
        (1) analyzes and compares the financial risks inherent in loans 
    made, held, securitized, or purchased by Farm Credit banks, 
    associations, and the Federal Agricultural Mortgage Corporation and 
    how such risks are required to be capitalized under statute and 
    regulations in effect as of the date of the enactment of this Act; 
    and
        (2) assesses the feasibility of increasing the acreage 
    exception provided in section 8.8(c)(2) of the Farm Credit Act of 
    1971 to 2,000 acres.
    (b) Timeline.--The Farm Credit Administration shall provide the 
results of the study required by subsection (a) to the Committee on 
Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the Committee on 
Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate no later than 180 
days after the date of the enactment of this Act.
SEC. 5415. GAO REPORT ON ABILITY OF THE FARM CREDIT SYSTEM TO MEET THE 
AGRICULTURAL CREDIT NEEDS OF INDIAN TRIBES AND THEIR MEMBERS.
    (a) In General.--The Comptroller General of the United States 
shall--
        (1) study the agricultural credit needs of farms, ranches, and 
    related agricultural businesses that are owned or operated by--
            (A) Indian tribes on tribal lands; or
            (B) enrolled members of Indian tribes on Indian allotments; 
        and
        (2) determine whether the institutions of the Farm Credit 
    System have sufficient authority and resources to meet the needs.
    (b) Definition of Indian Tribe.--In subsection (a), the term 
``Indian tribe'' means an Indian tribal entity that is eligible for 
funding and services from the Bureau of Indian Affairs by virtue of the 
status of the entity as an Indian tribe.
    (c) Report to the Congress.--Within 90 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of the United States 
shall prepare and submit to the Committees on Agriculture and on 
Natural Resources of the House of Representatives a written report that 
contains the findings of the study conducted under subsection (a). If 
the Comptroller General finds that the institutions of the Farm Credit 
System do not have sufficient authority or resources to meet the needs 
referred to in subsection (a), the report shall include such 
legislative and other recommendations as the Comptroller General 
determines would result in a system under which the needs are met in an 
equitable and effective manner.
SEC. 5416. GAO REPORT ON CREDIT SERVICE TO SOCIALLY DISADVANTAGED 
FARMERS AND RANCHERS.
    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
        (1) Agricultural credit provider.--The term ``agricultural 
    credit provider'' means--
            (A) a Farm Credit System institution;
            (B) a commercial bank;
            (C) the Federal Agricultural Mortgage Corporation;
            (D) a life insurance company; and
            (E) any other individual or entity, as determined by the 
        Comptroller General of the United States.
        (2) Socially disadvantaged farmer or rancher.--The term 
    ``socially disadvantaged farmer or rancher'' has the meaning given 
    the term in section 355(e) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural 
    Development Act (7 U.S.C. 2003(e)).
    (b) Study.--The Comptroller General of the United States shall--
        (1) conduct a study--
            (A) to assess the credit and related services provided by 
        agricultural credit providers to socially disadvantaged farmers 
        and ranchers;
            (B) to review the overall participation of socially 
        disadvantaged farmers and ranchers in the services described in 
        subparagraph (A); and
            (C) to identify barriers that limit the availability of 
        agricultural credit to socially disadvantaged farmers and 
        ranchers; and
        (2) provide recommendations on how agricultural credit 
    providers may improve outreach to socially disadvantaged farmers 
    and ranchers relating to the availability of credit and related 
    services.
    (c) Report.--Not later than 120 days after the date of enactment of 
this Act, the Comptroller General of the United States shall prepare 
and submit to the Committee on Agriculture of the House of 
Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and 
Forestry of the Senate a report that contains the findings of the study 
conducted under subsection (b)(1) and the recommendations described in 
subsection (b)(2).

                      TITLE VI--RURAL DEVELOPMENT
         Subtitle A--Improving Health Outcomes in Rural America

SEC. 6101. COMBATING SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER IN RURAL AMERICA; 
PRIORITIZATIONS.
    (a) Combating Substance Use Disorder in Rural America.--
        (1) Prioritizations.--The Secretary shall make the following 
    prioritizations and set asides for fiscal years 2019 through 2025:
            (A) Distance learning and telemedicine.--
                (i) Substance use disorder set-aside.--Subject to 
            clause (ii), the Secretary shall make available not less 
            than 20 percent of amounts made available under section 
            2335A of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act 
            of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 950aaa-2) for financial assistance under 
            chapter 1 of subtitle D of title XXIII of such Act for 
            telemedicine projects that provide substance use disorder 
            treatment services.
                (ii) Exception.--In the case of a fiscal year for which 
            the Secretary determines that there are not sufficient 
            qualified applicants to receive financial assistance for 
            projects providing substance use disorder treatment 
            services to reach the 20-percent requirement under clause 
            (i), the Secretary may make available less than 20 percent 
            of amounts made available under such section 2335A for 
            those services.
            (B) Community facilities direct loans and grants.--
                (i) Substance use disorder selection priority.--In 
            selecting recipients of direct loans or grants for the 
            development of essential community facilities under section 
            306(a) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act 
            (7 U.S.C. 1926(a)), the Secretary shall give priority to 
            entities eligible for those direct loans or grants--

                    (I) to develop facilities to provide substance use 
                disorder (including opioid substance use disorder)--

                        (aa) prevention services;
                        (bb) treatment services;
                        (cc) recovery services; or
                        (dd) any combination of those services; and

                    (II) that employ staff that have appropriate 
                expertise and training in how to identify and treat 
                individuals with substance use disorders.

                (ii) Use of funds.--An eligible entity described in 
            clause (i) that receives a direct loan or grant described 
            in that clause may use the direct loan or grant funds for 
            the development of telehealth facilities and systems to 
            provide telehealth services for substance use disorder 
            treatment.
            (C) Rural health and safety education programs; substance 
        use disorder selection priority.--In making grants under 
        section 502(i) of the Rural Development Act of 1972 (7 U.S.C. 
        2662(i)), the Secretary shall give priority to an applicant 
        that will use the grant for substance use disorder education 
        and treatment and the prevention of substance use disorder.
        (2) Limitation on other reprioritizations.--For fiscal years 
    2019 through 2025, the Secretary shall not make any national 
    reprioritizations within the Rural Health and Safety Education 
    Programs, the Community Facilities direct loan and grant programs, 
    or the Distance Learning and Telemedicine programs under section 
    608 of the Rural Development Act of 1972.
        (3) Technical amendments.--Title V of the Rural Development Act 
    of 1972 (7 U.S.C. 2661 et seq.) is amended--
            (A) in section 502, in the matter preceding subsection (a), 
        by inserting ``(referred to in this title as the `Secretary')'' 
        after ``Agriculture''; and
            (B) by striking ``Secretary of Agriculture'' each place it 
        appears (other than in section 502 in the matter preceding 
        subsection (a)) and inserting ``Secretary''.
    (b) Temporary Prioritization of Rural Health Assistance.--Title VI 
of the Rural Development Act of 1972 (7 U.S.C. 2204a-2204b) is amended 
by adding at the end the following:
    ``SEC. 608. TEMPORARY PRIORITIZATION OF RURAL HEALTH ASSISTANCE.
    ``(a) Authority to Temporarily Prioritize Certain Rural Development 
Applications.--Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the 
Secretary, after consultation with such public health officials as may 
be necessary, may announce through a Federal Register notice pursuant 
to section 553(b)(3)(B) of title 5, United States Code, a temporary 
reprioritization, on a national or multistate basis, for certain rural 
development loan and grant applications to assist rural communities in 
responding to a significant public health disruption.
    ``(b) Public Health Disruption.--For the purposes of this section, 
the term `public health disruption' means an unanticipated increase in 
mortality or morbidity in rural communities, when compared to non-rural 
communities, caused by identifiable events, actions, or behavioral 
trends, which can be remediated by the programs of the Rural 
Development mission area. When measuring a public health disruption, 
the Secretary may analyze data on a national or multi-state basis.
    ``(c) Content of Announcement.--In the announcement, the Secretary 
shall--
        ``(1) describe the nature of the public health disruption, 
    including the causes, effects, affected populations, and affected 
    States;
        ``(2) explain how the programs of the Department of Agriculture 
    will work in remedying the public health disruption;
        ``(3) identify the services, treatments, or infrastructure best 
    suited to address the public health disruption;
        ``(4) establish--
            ``(A) the start and end dates of the reprioritization;
            ``(B) the programs subject to reprioritization and the 
        modifications to the application process;
            ``(C) the process for making reprioritizations for 
        applicable programs;
            ``(D) the amount of funds set-aside for applicable 
        programs, except that a set-aside for such a program shall not 
        be greater than 20 percent of the amounts appropriated for the 
        program for the fiscal year involved; and
            ``(E) the region in which the reprioritization is in 
        effect; and
        ``(5) instruct program administrators to implement the 
    reprioritization during the application window or announcement 
    after the announcement takes effect.
    ``(d) Limitations on Reprioritizations.--When announcing the 
reprioritization, the Secretary shall--
        ``(1) establish an initial total time period of less than 4 
    years, except as provided for in subsection (e);
        ``(2) implement only 1 nationally applicable reprioritization 
    at a time;
        ``(3) implement only 1 regionally applicable reprioritization 
    per State at a time; and
        ``(4) not use reprioritizations to allocate additional funds to 
    an affected State.
    ``(e) Extension.--The Secretary may extend an announcement under 
subsection (a) for no more than 6 years in total, except that nothing 
shall prevent the Secretary from renewing reprioritizations by making a 
new announcement under subsection (a).
    ``(f) Rescinding the Announcement.--The Secretary may rescind a 
reprioritization announcement made under subsection (a) at any time the 
Secretary determines that the temporary reprioritizations are no longer 
needed or effective.
    ``(g) Notice.--Not later than 48 hours after making, extending, or 
rescinding an announcement under this section, the Secretary shall 
submit to the Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives 
and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the 
Senate, and transmit to the Secretary of Health and Human Services, a 
written notice of the declaration, extension, or rescission.''.
SEC. 6102. DISTANCE LEARNING AND TELEMEDICINE.
    (a) Authorization of Appropriations.--Section 2335A of the Food, 
Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 950aaa-5) is 
amended by striking ``$75,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2014 through 
2018'' and inserting ``$82,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2019 
through 2023''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--Section 1(b) of Public Law 102-551 (7 
U.S.C. 950aaa note) is amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
``2023''.
SEC. 6103. REFINANCING OF CERTAIN RURAL HOSPITAL DEBT.
    Subtitle D of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act (7 
U.S.C. 1981 et seq.) is amended by inserting after section 341 the 
following:
    ``SEC. 342. REFINANCING OF CERTAIN RURAL HOSPITAL DEBT.
    ``Assistance under section 306(a) for a community facility, or 
under section 310B, may include the refinancing of a debt obligation of 
a rural hospital as an eligible loan or loan guarantee purpose if the 
assistance would help preserve access to a health service in a rural 
community, meaningfully improve the financial position of the hospital, 
and otherwise meet the financial feasibility and adequacy of security 
requirements of the Rural Development Agency.''.

     Subtitle B--Connecting Rural Americans to High Speed Broadband

SEC. 6201. ACCESS TO BROADBAND TELECOMMUNICATIONS SERVICES IN RURAL 
AREAS.
    Section 601 of the Rural Electrification Act of 1936 (7 U.S.C. 
950bb) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (a), by striking ``provide loans and loan 
    guarantees'' and inserting ``provide grants, provide loans, and 
    provide loan guarantees'';
        (2) in subsection (b)(3)(A)(ii), by inserting ``in the case of 
    a grant or direct loan,'' before ``a city'';
        (3) in subsection (c)--
            (A) in the subsection heading, by striking ``Loans and'' 
        and inserting ``Grants, Loans, and'';
            (B) in paragraph (1), by striking ``shall make or guarantee 
        loans'' and inserting ``shall make grants, shall make loans, 
        and shall guarantee loans'';
            (C) by striking paragraph (2) and inserting the following:
        ``(2) Priority.--
            ``(A) In general.--In making grants, making loans, and 
        guaranteeing loans under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall--
                ``(i) give the highest priority to applications for 
            projects to provide broadband service to unserved rural 
            communities that do not have any residential broadband 
            service of at least--

                    ``(I) a 10-Mbps downstream transmission capacity; 
                and
                    ``(II) a 1-Mbps upstream transmission capacity;

                ``(ii) give priority to applications for projects to 
            provide the maximum level of broadband service to the 
            greatest proportion of rural households in the proposed 
            service area identified in the application;
                ``(iii) provide equal consideration to all eligible 
            entities, including those that have not previously received 
            grants, loans, or loan guarantees under paragraph (1); and
                ``(iv) with respect to 2 or more applications that are 
            given the same priority under clause (i), give priority to 
            an application that requests less grant funding than loan 
            funding.
            ``(B) Other.--After giving priority to the applications 
        described in clauses (i) and (ii) of subparagraph (A), the 
        Secretary shall then give priority to applications--
                ``(i) for projects to provide broadband service to 
            rural communities--

                    ``(I) with a population of less than 10,000 
                permanent residents;
                    ``(II) that are experiencing outmigration and have 
                adopted a strategic community investment plan under 
                section 379H(d) that includes considerations for 
                improving and expanding broadband service;
                    ``(III) with a high percentage of low income 
                families or persons (as defined in section 501(b) of 
                the Housing Act of 1949 (42 U.S.C. 1471(b));
                    ``(IV) that are isolated from other significant 
                population centers; or
                    ``(V) that provide rapid and expanded deployment of 
                fixed and mobile broadband on cropland and ranchland 
                within a service territory for use in various 
                applications of precision agriculture; and

                ``(ii) that were developed with the participation of, 
            and will receive a substantial portion of the funding for 
            the project from, 2 or more stakeholders, including--

                    ``(I) State, local, and tribal governments;
                    ``(II) nonprofit institutions;
                    ``(III) community anchor institutions, such as--

                        ``(aa) public libraries;
                        ``(bb) elementary schools and secondary schools 
                    (as defined in section 8101 of the Elementary and 
                    Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7801));
                        ``(cc) institutions of higher education; and
                        ``(dd) health care facilities;

                    ``(IV) private entities;
                    ``(V) philanthropic organizations; and
                    ``(VI) cooperatives.

        ``(3) Grant amounts.--
            ``(A) Definition of development costs.--In this paragraph, 
        the term `development costs' means costs of--
                ``(i) construction, including labor and materials;
                ``(ii) project applications; and
                ``(iii) other development activities, as determined by 
            the Secretary.
            ``(B) Eligibility.--To be eligible for a grant under this 
        section, in addition to the requirements of subsection (d), the 
        project that is the subject of the grant shall--
                ``(i) be carried out in a proposed service territory in 
            which not less than 90 percent of the households are 
            unserved; and
                ``(ii) not concurrently receive any other broadband 
            grant administered by the Rural Utilities Service.
            ``(C) Maximum.--Except as provided in subparagraph (D), the 
        amount of any grant made under this section shall not exceed--
                ``(i) 75 percent of the total project cost with respect 
            to an area with a density of fewer than 7 people per square 
            mile;
                ``(ii) 50 percent of the total project cost with 
            respect to an area with a density of 7 or more and fewer 
            than 12 people per square mile; and
                ``(iii) 25 percent of the total project cost with 
            respect to an area with a density of 12 or more and 20 or 
            fewer people per square mile.
            ``(D) Secretarial authority to adjust.--The Secretary may--
                ``(i) make grants of up to 75 percent of the 
            development costs of the project for which the grant is 
            provided to an eligible entity if the Secretary determines 
            that the project serves--

                    ``(I) an area of rural households described in 
                paragraph (2)(A)(i); or
                    ``(II) a rural community described in any of 
                subclauses (I) through (IV) of paragraph (2)(B)(i); and

                ``(ii) make modifications of the density thresholds 
            described in subparagraph (C), in order to ensure that 
            funds provided under this section are best utilized to 
            provide broadband service in communities that are the most 
            rural in character.
            ``(E) Applications.--The Secretary shall establish an 
        application process for grants under this section that--
                ``(i) permits a single application for a grant and a 
            loan under title I, II, or this title that is associated 
            with such grant; and
                ``(ii) provides a single decision to award such grant 
            and such loan.
            ``(F) Density determinations.--When determining population 
        density under this section, the Secretary shall prescribe a 
        calculation method which--
                ``(i) utilizes publicly available data; and
                ``(ii) includes only those areas in which the applicant 
            is able to meet the service requirements under this 
            section, as determined by the Secretary.
        ``(4) Fees.--In the case of loan guarantees issued or modified 
    under this section, the Secretary shall charge and collect from the 
    lender fees in such amounts as to bring down the costs of subsidies 
    for guaranteed loans, except that such fees shall not act as a bar 
    to participation in the programs nor be inconsistent with current 
    practices in the marketplace.'';
        (4) in subsection (d)--
            (A) in paragraph (1)--
                (i) in subparagraph (A)--

                    (I) in the matter preceding clause (i), by striking 
                ``loan or'' and inserting ``grant, loan, or'';
                    (II) by striking clause (i) and inserting the 
                following:

                ``(i) demonstrate the ability to furnish or improve 
            service in order to meet the broadband buildout 
            requirements established under subsection (e)(4) in all or 
            part of an unserved or underserved rural area;''.

                    (III) in clause (ii), by striking ``a loan 
                application'' and inserting ``an application''; and
                    (IV) in clause (iii)--

                        (aa) by striking ``service'' and inserting 
                    ``infrastructure'';
                        (bb) by striking ``loan'' the first place it 
                    appears;
                        (cc) by striking ``3'' and inserting ``5''; and
                        (dd) by striking ``proceeds from the loan made 
                    or guaranteed under this section are'' and 
                    inserting ``assistance under this section is''; and
                (ii) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``(k)'' and 
            inserting ``(j)''; and
            (B) in paragraph (2)(A)--
                (i) in the matter preceding clause (i)--

                    (I) by striking ``the proceeds of a loan made or 
                guaranteed'' and inserting ``assistance''; and
                    (II) by striking ``for the loan or loan guarantee'' 
                and inserting ``of the eligible entity''; and

                (ii) in clause (i)--

                    (I) by striking ``15 percent'' and inserting ``50 
                percent (in the case of loans or loan guarantees 
                provided in accordance with subsection (g)(1)(A))''; 
                and
                    (II) by striking ``level of broadband service'' and 
                inserting ``level of fixed broadband service, whether 
                terrestrial or wireless,'';

            (C) in paragraph (3)(A), by striking ``loan or'' and 
        inserting ``grant, loan, or'';
            (D) in paragraph (4), by striking ``a loan or loan 
        guarantee'' and inserting ``assistance''; and
            (E) by striking paragraphs (5) through (10) and inserting 
        the following:
        ``(5) Technical assistance and training.--
            ``(A) In general.--The Secretary may provide to eligible 
        entities described in paragraph (1) that are applying for 
        assistance under this section for a project described in 
        subsection (c)(2)(A)(i) technical assistance and training--
                ``(i) to prepare reports and surveys necessary to 
            request grants, loans, and loan guarantees under this 
            section for broadband deployment;
                ``(ii) to improve management, including financial 
            management, relating to the proposed broadband deployment;
                ``(iii) to prepare applications for grants, loans, and 
            loan guarantees under this section; or
                ``(iv) to assist with other areas of need identified by 
            the Secretary.
            ``(B) Funding.--Not less than 3 percent and not more than 5 
        percent of amounts appropriated to carry out this section for a 
        fiscal year shall be used for technical assistance and training 
        under this paragraph.'';
        (5) in subsection (e)--
            (A) in paragraph (1)--
                (i) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``4-Mbps'' and 
            inserting ``25-Mbps''; and
                (ii) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``1-Mbps'' and 
            inserting ``3-Mbps'';
            (B) in paragraph (2)--
                (i) by--

                    (I) striking the following:

        ``(2) Adjustments.--
            ``(A) In general.--At''; and

                    (II) inserting the following:

        ``(2) Adjustments.--At'';
                (ii) by inserting ``and broadband buildout requirements 
            under paragraph (4)'' after ``(1)''; and
                (iii) by striking subparagraph (B); and
            (C) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(4) Broadband buildout requirements.--
            ``(A) In general.--The term `broadband buildout 
        requirement' means the level of internet service an applicant 
        receiving assistance under this section must agree, at the time 
        the application is finalized, to provide for the duration of 
        any project-related agreement between the applicant and the 
        Department.
            ``(B) Broadband buildout requirements further defined.--
        Subject to subparagraph (C), the Secretary shall establish 
        broadband buildout requirements for projects with agreement 
        lengths of--
                ``(i) 5 to 10 years;
                ``(ii) 11 to 15 years;
                ``(iii) 16 to 20 years; and
                ``(iv) more than 20 years.
            ``(C) Requirements.--In establishing the broadband buildout 
        requirements under subparagraph (B), the Secretary shall--
                ``(i) utilize the same metrics used to define the 
            minimum acceptable level of broadband service under 
            paragraph (1);
                ``(ii) establish such requirements to reasonably 
            ensure--

                    ``(I) the repayment of all loans and loan 
                guarantees; and
                    ``(II) the financed network is technically capable 
                of providing broadband service for the lifetime of any 
                project-related agreement.

            ``(D) Substitute service standards for unique service 
        territories.--If an applicant shows that it would be cost 
        prohibitive to meet the broadband buildout requirements 
        established under this paragraph for the entirety of a proposed 
        service territory due to the unique characteristics of the 
        proposed service territory, the Secretary and the applicant may 
        agree to utilize substitute standards for any unserved portion 
        of the project. Any substitute service standards should 
        continue to consider the best technology available to meet the 
        needs of the residents in the unserved area.'';
        (6) in subsection (f), by striking ``make a loan or loan 
    guarantee'' and inserting ``provide assistance'';
        (7) in subsection (g), by striking paragraph (2) and 
    redesignating paragraph (3) as paragraph (2);
        (8) by striking subsections (i) and (j) and inserting the 
    following:
    ``(i) Payment Assistance for Certain Loan and Grant Recipients.--
        ``(1) Use of grant funds.--The Secretary may use the funds 
    appropriated for a grant under this title for the cost (as defined 
    by section 502 of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974) of 
    providing assistance under paragraph (2).
        ``(2) Payment assistance.--When providing a grant under this 
    title, the Secretary, at the sole discretion of the Secretary, may 
    make--
            ``(A) a subsidized loan, which shall bear a reduced 
        interest rate at such a rate as the Secretary determines 
        appropriate to meet the objectives of the program; or
            ``(B) a payment assistance loan, which shall--
                ``(i) require no interest and principal payments while 
            the borrower is--

                    ``(I) in material compliance with the loan 
                agreement; and
                    ``(II) meeting the milestones and objectives of the 
                project agreed to under paragraph (3); and

                ``(ii) require such nominal periodic payments as the 
            Secretary determines to be appropriate.
        ``(3) Agreement on milestones and objectives.--With respect to 
    payment assistance provided under paragraph (2), before entering 
    into the agreement under which the payment assistance will be 
    provided, the applicant and the Secretary shall agree to milestones 
    and objectives of the project.
        ``(4) Amendment of milestones and objectives.--The Secretary 
    and the applicant may jointly agree to amend the milestones and 
    objectives agreed to under paragraph (3).
        ``(5) Considerations.--When deciding to utilize the payment 
    assistance authority under paragraph (2) the Secretary shall 
    consider whether or not the payment assistance will--
            ``(A) improve the compliance of the grantee with any 
        commitments made through the grant agreement;
            ``(B) promote the completion of the broadband project;
            ``(C) protect taxpayer resources; and
            ``(D) support the integrity of the broadband programs 
        administered by the Secretary.
        ``(6) Limitations on payment assistance.--The Secretary may not 
    make a payment assistance loan under paragraph (2)(B) to an entity 
    receiving a grant under this section that is also the recipient of 
    a loan under title I or II that is associated with such grant.'';
        (9) in subsection (k)(1)--
            (A) by striking ``$25,000,000'' and inserting 
        ``$350,000,000''; and
            (B) by striking ``2008 through 2018'' and inserting ``2019 
        through 2023'';
        (10) in subsection (l)--
            (A) by striking ``loan or'' and inserting ``grant, or loan, 
        or''; and
            (B) by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''; and
        (11) by redesignating subsections (k) and (l) as subsections 
    (j) and (k), respectively.
SEC. 6202. EXPANSION OF MIDDLE MILE INFRASTRUCTURE INTO RURAL AREAS.
    Section 602 of the Rural Electrification Act of 1936 (7 U.S.C. 
950bb-1) is amended to read as follows:
    ``SEC. 602. EXPANSION OF MIDDLE MILE INFRASTRUCTURE INTO RURAL 
      AREAS.
    ``(a) Purpose.--The purpose of this section is to encourage the 
expansion and extension of middle mile broadband infrastructure to 
connect underserved rural areas to the backbone of the Internet.
    ``(b) Middle Mile Infrastructure.--For the purposes of this 
section, the term `middle mile infrastructure' means any broadband 
infrastructure that does not connect directly to end-user locations 
(including anchor institutions) and may include interoffice transport, 
backhaul, Internet connectivity, data centers, or special access 
transport to rural areas.
    ``(c) Grants, Loans, and Loan Guarantees.--The Secretary shall make 
grants, loans, and loan guarantees to eligible applicants described in 
subsection (d) to provide funds for the construction, improvement, or 
acquisition of middle mile infrastructure to serve rural areas.
    ``(d) Eligibility.--
        ``(1) Eligible applicants.--
            ``(A) In general.--To be eligible to obtain assistance 
        under this section, an eligible entity shall--
                ``(i) submit to the Secretary an application at such 
            time, in such manner, and containing such information as 
            the Secretary may require;
                ``(ii) agree to complete build-out of the middle mile 
            infrastructure described in the application by not later 
            than 5 years after the initial date on which proceeds from 
            the assistance provided under this section are made 
            available; and
                ``(iii) submit to the Secretary a plan to ensure the 
            viability of the project by--

                    ``(I) connecting, assisting with connecting, or 
                enabling the connection of retail broadband systems 
                that serve rural areas within the proposed service 
                territory to the middle mile infrastructure project in 
                an affordable and economically competitive manner;
                    ``(II) leasing or selling sufficient capacity prior 
                to project approval; and
                    ``(III) complying with any other requirements 
                imposed by the Secretary.

            ``(B) Additional end user broadband programs.--Entities 
        that receive assistance to construct, improve, or acquire 
        middle mile infrastructure under this section shall be eligible 
        to apply for additional funds under this title to provide for 
        retail broadband service to end users.
        ``(2) Eligible service territories.--The proceeds of assistance 
    provided under this section may be used to carry out a project in a 
    proposed service territory only if, as of the date the application 
    for assistance under this section is submitted, there is not 
    adequate middle mile infrastructure available to support broadband 
    service for eligible rural communities that would be provided 
    access to the middle mile infrastructure.
        ``(3) Eligible projects.--A project shall be eligible for 
    assistance under this section if at the time of the application--
            ``(A) at least 75 percent of the interconnection points 
        serve such eligible rural areas; and
            ``(B) the Secretary determines that the proposed middle 
        mile network will be capable of supporting retail broadband 
        service meeting the maximum broadband buildout requirement 
        established under section 601(e)(4) for the residents within 
        the proposed service territory.
    ``(e) Limitation on Grants.--In making grants under this section, 
the Secretary shall--
        ``(1) not provide any grant in excess of 20 percent of the 
    total project cost; and
        ``(2) provide grants only to those projects which serve rural 
    areas where population density or geographic characteristics make 
    it infeasible to construct middle mile broadband systems without 
    grant assistance.
    ``(f) Terms, Conditions, and Adequacy of Security.--All loans and 
loan guarantees provided under this section shall be made subject to 
such terms, conditions, and adequacy of security requirements as may be 
imposed by the Secretary. If the middle mile infrastructure would not 
provide adequate security due to long-term leasing arrangements, the 
Secretary shall require substitute security in such form and substance 
as are acceptable to the Secretary.
    ``(g) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $10,000,000 for each of fiscal 
years 2018 through 2023.''.
SEC. 6203. MODIFICATIONS TO THE RURAL GIGABIT PROGRAM.
    Section 603 of the Rural Electrification Act of 1936 (7 U.S.C. 
950bb-2) is amended--
        (1) in the section heading, by striking ``rural gigabit network 
    pilot'' and inserting ``innovative broadband advancement'';
        (2) in subsection (d), by striking ``2014 through 2018'' and 
    inserting ``2019 through 2023'';
        (3) by redesignating subsection (d) as subsection (e); and
        (4) by striking subsections (a) through (c) and inserting the 
    following:
    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary shall establish a program to be 
known as the `Innovative Broadband Advancement Program', under which 
the Secretary may provide a grant, a loan, or both to an eligible 
entity for the purpose of demonstrating innovative broadband 
technologies or methods of broadband deployment that significantly 
decrease the cost of broadband deployment, and provide substantially 
faster broadband speeds than are available, in a rural area.
    ``(b) Rural Area.--In this section, the term `rural area' has the 
meaning provided in section 601(b)(3).
    ``(c) Eligibility.--To be eligible to obtain assistance under this 
section for a project, an entity shall--
        ``(1) submit to the Secretary an application--
            ``(A) that describes a project designed to decrease the 
        cost of broadband deployment, and substantially increase 
        broadband speed to not less than the maximum broadband buildout 
        requirements established under section 601(e)(4), in a rural 
        area to be served by the project; and
            ``(B) at such time, in such manner, and containing such 
        other information as the Secretary may require;
        ``(2) demonstrate that the entity is able to carry out the 
    project; and
        ``(3) agree to complete the project build-out within 5 years 
    after the date the assistance is first provided for the project.
    ``(d) Prioritization.--In awarding assistance under this section, 
the Secretary shall give priority to proposals for projects that--
        ``(1) involve partnerships between or among multiple entities;
        ``(2) would provide broadband service to the greatest number of 
    rural entities at or above the broadband requirements referred to 
    in subsection (c)(1)(A); and
        ``(3) the Secretary determines could be replicated in rural 
    areas described in paragraph (2).''.
SEC. 6204. COMMUNITY CONNECT GRANT PROGRAM.
    Title VI of the Rural Electrification Act of 1936 (7 U.S.C. 950bb 
et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``SEC. 604. COMMUNITY CONNECT GRANT PROGRAM.
    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
        ``(1) Eligible broadband service.--The term `eligible broadband 
    service' means broadband service that has the capability to 
    transmit data at a speed specified by the Secretary, which may not 
    be less than the applicable minimum download and upload speeds 
    established by the Federal Communications Commission in defining 
    the term `advanced telecommunications capability' for purposes of 
    section 706 of the Telecommunications Act of 1996 (47 U.S.C. 1302).
        ``(2) Eligible service area.--The term `eligible service area' 
    means an area in which broadband service capacity is less than--
            ``(A) a 10-Mbps downstream transmission capacity; and
            ``(B) a 1-Mbps upstream transmission capacity.
        ``(3) Eligible entity.--
            ``(A) In general.--The term `eligible entity' means a 
        legally organized entity that--
                ``(i) is--

                    ``(I) an incorporated organization;
                    ``(II) an Indian Tribe or Tribal organization;
                    ``(III) a State;
                    ``(IV) a unit of local government; or
                    ``(V) any other legal entity, including a 
                cooperative, a private corporation, or a limited 
                liability company, that is organized on a for-profit or 
                a not-for-profit basis; and

                ``(ii) has the legal capacity and authority to enter 
            into a contract, to comply with applicable Federal laws, 
            and to own and operate broadband facilities, as proposed in 
            the application submitted by the entity for a grant under 
            the Program.
            ``(B) Exclusions.--The term `eligible entity' does not 
        include--
                ``(i) an individual; or
                ``(ii) a partnership.
        ``(4) Rural area.--The term `rural area' has the meaning given 
    the term in section 601(b)(3)(A).
    ``(b) Establishment.--The Secretary shall establish a program, to 
be known as the `Community Connect Grant Program', to provide grants to 
eligible entities to finance broadband transmission in rural areas.
    ``(c) Eligible Projects.--An eligible entity that receives a grant 
under the Program shall use the grant to carry out a project that--
        ``(1) provides eligible broadband service to, within the 
    proposed eligible service area described in the application 
    submitted by the eligible entity--
            ``(A) each essential community facility as defined pursuant 
        to section 306(a) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural 
        Development Act (7 U.S.C. 1926(a)); and
            ``(B) any required facilities necessary to offer that 
        eligible broadband service to each residential and business 
        customer within such proposed eligible service area; and
        ``(2) for not less than 2 years--
            ``(A) furnishes free eligible broadband service to a 
        community center described in subsection (d)(1)(B);
            ``(B) provides not fewer than 2 computer access points for 
        that free eligible broadband service; and
            ``(C) covers the cost of bandwidth to provide free eligible 
        broadband service to each essential community facility that 
        requests broadband services within the proposed eligible 
        service area described in the application submitted by the 
        eligible entity.
    ``(d) Uses of Grant Funds.--
        ``(1) In general.--An eligible entity that receives a grant 
    under the Program may use the grant for--
            ``(A) the construction, acquisition, or leasing of 
        facilities (including spectrum), land, or buildings to deploy 
        eligible broadband service; and
            ``(B) the improvement, expansion, construction, or 
        acquisition of a community center within the proposed eligible 
        service area described in the application submitted by the 
        eligible entity.
        ``(2) Ineligible uses.--An eligible entity that receives a 
    grant under the Program shall not use the grant for--
            ``(A) the duplication of any existing eligible broadband 
        service provided by another entity in the eligible service 
        area; or
            ``(B) operating expenses, except as provided in--
                ``(i) subsection (c)(2)(C) with respect to free 
            eligible broadband service; and
                ``(ii) paragraph (1)(A) with respect to spectrum.
        ``(3) Free access for community centers.--Of the amounts 
    provided to an eligible entity under a grant under the Program, the 
    eligible entity shall use to carry out paragraph (1)(B) not greater 
    than the lesser of--
            ``(A) 10 percent; and
            ``(B) $150,000.
    ``(e) Matching Funds.--
        ``(1) In general.--An eligible entity that receives a grant 
    under the Program shall provide a cash contribution in an amount 
    that is not less than 15 percent of the amount of the grant.
        ``(2) Requirements.--A cash contribution described in paragraph 
    (1)--
            ``(A) shall be used solely for the project for which the 
        eligible entity receives a grant under the Program; and
            ``(B) shall not include any Federal funds, unless a Federal 
        statute specifically provides that those Federal funds may be 
        considered to be from a non-Federal source.
    ``(f) Applications.--
        ``(1) In general.--To be eligible to receive a grant under the 
    Program, an eligible entity shall submit to the Secretary an 
    application at such time, in such manner, and containing such 
    information as the Secretary may require.
        ``(2) Requirement.--An application submitted by an eligible 
    entity under paragraph (1) shall include documentation sufficient 
    to demonstrate the availability of funds to satisfy the requirement 
    of subsection (e).
    ``(g) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $50,000,000 for each of fiscal 
years 2019 through 2023.''.
SEC. 6205. OUTDATED BROADBAND SYSTEMS.
    (a) In General.--Title VI of the Rural Electrification Act of 1936 
(7 U.S.C. 950bb et seq.) is further amended by adding at the end the 
following:
    ``SEC. 605. OUTDATED BROADBAND SYSTEMS.
    ``(a) In General.--Except as provided in subsection (b), the 
Secretary shall consider any portion of a service territory that is 
subject to an outstanding grant agreement between the Secretary and a 
broadband provider to be unserved for the purposes of all broadband 
assistance programs under this Act, if the broadband service in that 
portion of a service territory is less than 10 Mbps downstream 
transmission capacity or less than 1 Mbps upstream transmission 
capacity.
    ``(b) Exception.--The Secretary shall not consider a portion of a 
service territory described in subsection (a) to be unserved if the 
broadband service provider has constructed or begun to construct 
broadband facilities that meet the minimum acceptable level of service 
established under section 601(e), in that portion of the service 
territory.''.
    (b) Effective Date.--The amendment made by this section shall not 
take effect until October 1, 2020.
SEC. 6206. DEFAULT AND DEOBLIGATION; DEFERRAL.
    Title VI of such Act (7 U.S.C. 950bb et seq.) is further amended by 
adding at the end the following:
    ``SEC. 606. DEFAULT AND DEOBLIGATION; DEFERRAL.
    ``(a) Default and Deobligation.--In addition to other authority 
under applicable law, the Secretary shall establish written procedures 
for all broadband programs so that, to the maximum extent practicable, 
the programs are administered to--
        ``(1) recover funds from loan and grant defaults;
        ``(2) deobligate any awards, less allowable costs that 
    demonstrate an insufficient level of performance (including metrics 
    determined by the Secretary) or fraudulent spending, to the extent 
    funds with respect to the award are available in the account 
    relating to the program established by this title;
        ``(3) award those funds, on a competitive basis, to new or 
    existing applicants consistent with this title; and
        ``(4) minimize overlap among the programs.
    ``(b) Deferral Period.--In determining the terms and conditions of 
assistance provided under this title, the Secretary may establish a 
deferral period of not shorter than the buildout period established for 
the project involved in order to support the financial feasibility and 
long-term sustainability of the project.''.
SEC. 6207. PUBLIC NOTICE, ASSESSMENTS, AND REPORTING REQUIREMENTS.
    The Rural Electrification Act of 1936 (7 U.S.C. 901 et seq.) is 
amended by adding at the end the following new title:

           ``TITLE VII--GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS

    ``SEC. 701. PUBLIC NOTICE, ASSESSMENTS, AND REPORTING REQUIREMENTS.
    ``(a) Notice Requirements.--The Secretary shall promptly make 
available to the public, a fully searchable database on the website of 
the Rural Utilities Service that contains information on all retail 
broadband projects provided assistance or for which assistance is 
sought that are administered by the Secretary, including, at a 
minimum--
        ``(1) notice of each application for assistance describing the 
    application, including--
            ``(A) the identity of the applicant;
            ``(B) a description of each application, including--
                ``(i) a map of the proposed service area of the 
            applicant; and
                ``(ii) the amount and type of support requested by each 
            applicant;
            ``(C) the status of each application; and
            ``(D) the estimated number and proportion of service points 
        in the proposed service territory without fixed broadband 
        service, whether terrestrial or wireless;
        ``(2) notice of each entity receiving assistance administered 
    by the Secretary, including--
            ``(A) the name of the entity;
            ``(B) the type of assistance being received;
            ``(C) the purpose for which the entity is receiving the 
        assistance; and
            ``(D) each annual report submitted under subsection (c) 
        (redacted to protect any proprietary information in the 
        report); and
        ``(3) such other information as is sufficient to allow the 
    public to understand assistance provided.
    ``(b) Service Area Assessment.--
        ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall, with respect to a 
    retail broadband application for assistance, which is outside an 
    area in which the applicant receives Federal universal service 
    support--
            ``(A) after giving notice required by subsection (a)(1), 
        afford service providers not less than 45 days to voluntarily 
        submit information required by the Secretary onto the agency's 
        online mapping tool with respect to areas that are coterminous 
        with the proposed service area of the application (or any parts 
        thereof), such that the Secretary may assess whether the 
        application submitted meets the eligibility requirements under 
        this title; and
            ``(B) if no broadband service provider submits information 
        under paragraph (1), consider the number of providers in the 
        proposed service area to be established by using any other data 
        regarding the availability of broadband service that the 
        Secretary may collect or obtain through reasonable efforts.
        ``(2) Assessment of unserved communities.--In the case of an 
    application given the highest priority under section 
    601(c)(2)(A)(i), the Secretary shall confirm that each unserved 
    rural community identified in the application is eligible for 
    funding by--
            ``(A) conferring with, and obtaining data from, the Chair 
        of the Federal Communications Commission and the Administrator 
        of the National Telecommunications and Information 
        Administration with respect to the service level in the service 
        area proposed in the application;
            ``(B) reviewing any other source that is relevant to 
        service data validation, as determined by the Secretary; and
            ``(C) performing site-specific testing to verify the 
        unavailability of any retail broadband service.
        ``(3) FOIA exemption.--For purposes of section 552 of title 5, 
    United States Code, information received by the Secretary pursuant 
    to paragraph (1)(A) of this subsection shall be exempt from 
    disclosure pursuant to subsection (b)(2)(B) of such section 552.
    ``(c) Reporting Broadband Improvements to USDA.--
        ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall require any entity 
    receiving assistance for a project which provides retail broadband 
    service to submit an annual report for 3 years after completion of 
    the project, in a format specified by the Secretary, that 
    describes--
            ``(A) the use by the entity of the assistance, including 
        new equipment and capacity enhancements that support high-speed 
        broadband access for educational institutions, health care 
        providers, and public safety service providers (including the 
        estimated number of end users who are currently using or 
        forecasted to use the new or upgraded infrastructure); and
            ``(B) the progress towards fulfilling the objectives for 
        which the assistance was granted, including--
                ``(i) the number of service points that will receive 
            new broadband service, existing network service 
            improvements, and facility upgrades resulting from the 
            Federal assistance;
                ``(ii) the speed of broadband service;
                ``(iii) the average price of the most subscribed tier 
            of broadband service in a proposed service area;
                ``(iv) new subscribers generated from the project; and
                ``(v) any metrics the Secretary determines to be 
            appropriate.
        ``(2) Additional reporting.--
            ``(A) Broadband buildout data.--As a condition of receiving 
        assistance under section 601, a recipient of assistance shall 
        provide to the Secretary complete, reliable, and precise 
        geolocation information that indicates the location of new 
        broadband service that is being provided or upgraded within the 
        service territory supported by the grant, loan, or loan 
        guarantee not later than 30 days after the earlier of--
                ``(i) the date of completion of any project milestone 
            established by the Secretary; or
                ``(ii) the date of completion of the project.
            ``(B) Reporting for middle mile projects.--The Secretary 
        shall require any entity receiving assistance under section 602 
        to submit a semiannual report for 5 years after completion of 
        the project, in a format specified by the Secretary, that 
        describes--
                ``(i) the use by the entity of the assistance to 
            construct, improve, or acquire middle mile infrastructure;
                ``(ii) the progress towards meeting the end-user 
            connection plan submitted under section 602(d)(1)(A)(iii); 
            and
                ``(iii) any additional metrics the Secretary determines 
            to be appropriate.
            ``(C) Additional reporting.--The Secretary may require any 
        additional reporting and information by any recipient of any 
        broadband assistance under this act so as to ensure compliance 
        with this section.
    ``(d) Annual Report on Broadband Projects and Service to 
Congress.--Each year, the Secretary shall submit to the Congress a 
report that describes the extent of participation in the broadband 
assistance programs administered by the Secretary for the preceding 
fiscal year, including a description of--
        ``(1) the number of applications received and accepted, 
    including any special loan terms or conditions for which the 
    Secretary provided additional assistance to unserved areas;
        ``(2)(A) the communities proposed to be served in each 
    application submitted for the fiscal year; and
        ``(B) the communities served by projects funded by broadband 
    assistance programs;
        ``(3) the period of time required to approve each loan 
    application under broadband programs;
        ``(4) any outreach activities carried out by the Secretary to 
    encourage entities in rural areas without broadband service to 
    submit applications under this Act;
        ``(5) the method by which the Secretary determines that a 
    service enables a subscriber to originate and receive high-quality 
    voice, data, graphics, and video for purposes of providing 
    broadband service under this Act;
        ``(6) each broadband service, including the type and speed of 
    broadband service, for which assistance was sought, and each 
    broadband service for which assistance was provided, under this 
    Act; and
        ``(7) the overall progress towards fulfilling the goal of 
    improving the quality of rural life by expanding rural broadband 
    access, as demonstrated by metrics, including--
            ``(A) the number of residences and businesses receiving new 
        broadband services;
            ``(B) network improvements, including facility upgrades and 
        equipment purchases;
            ``(C) average broadband speeds and prices on a local and 
        statewide basis;
            ``(D) any changes in broadband adoption rates; and
            ``(E) any specific activities that increased high speed 
        broadband access for educational institutions, health care 
        providers, and public safety service providers.
    ``(e) Limitations on Reservation of Funds.--Not less than 3 but not 
more than 5 percent of program level amounts available pursuant to 
amounts appropriated to carry out title VI shall be set aside to be 
used for--
        ``(1) conducting oversight under such title;
        ``(2) implementing accountability measures and related 
    activities authorized under such title; and
        ``(3) carrying out this section.''.
SEC. 6208. ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEWS.
    Title VII of the Rural Electrification Act of 1936, as added by 
section 6207 of this Act, is amended by adding at the end the 
following:
    ``SEC. 702. ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEWS.
    ``The Secretary may obligate, but not disperse, funds under this 
Act before the completion of otherwise required environmental, 
historical, or other types of reviews if the Secretary determines that 
a subsequent site-specific review shall be adequate and easily 
accomplished for the location of towers, poles, or other broadband 
facilities in the service area of the borrower without compromising the 
project or the required reviews.''.
SEC. 6209. USE OF LOAN PROCEEDS TO REFINANCE LOANS FOR DEPLOYMENT OF 
BROADBAND SERVICE.
    Title VII of the Rural Electrification Act of 1936, as added by 
section 6207 and amended by section 6208 of this Act, is amended by 
adding at the end the following:
    ``SEC. 703. USE OF LOAN PROCEEDS TO REFINANCE LOANS FOR DEPLOYMENT 
      OF BROADBAND SERVICE.
    ``Notwithstanding any other provision of this Act, the proceeds of 
any loan made or guaranteed by the Secretary under this Act may be used 
by the recipient of the loan for the purpose of refinancing an 
outstanding obligation of the recipient on another telecommunications 
loan made under this Act, or on any other loan if that loan would have 
been for an eligible telecommunications purpose under this Act.''.
SEC. 6210. SMART UTILITY AUTHORITY FOR BROADBAND.
    (a) Section 331 of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act 
(7 U.S.C. 1981) is amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(e)(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), the Secretary may 
allow a recipient of a grant, loan, or loan guarantee provided by the 
Office of Rural Development under this title to use not more than 10 
percent of the amount so provided--
        ``(A) for any activity for which assistance may be provided 
    under section 601 of the Rural Electrification Act of 1936; or
        ``(B) to construct other broadband infrastructure.
    ``(2) Paragraph (1) of this subsection shall not apply to a 
recipient who is seeking to provide retail broadband service in any 
area where retail broadband service is available at the minimum 
broadband speeds, as defined under section 601(e) of the Rural 
Electrification Act of 1936.
    ``(3) The Secretary shall not provide funding under paragraph (1) 
if the funding would result in competitive harm to any grant, loan, or 
loan guarantee provided under the Rural Electrification Act of 1936.''.
    (b) Title I of the Rural Electrification Act of 1936 (7 U.S.C. 901-
918a) is amended by inserting after section 7 the following:
``SEC. 8. LIMITATIONS ON USE OF ASSISTANCE.
    ``(a) Subject to subsections (b) and (c) of this section, the 
Secretary may allow a recipient of a grant, loan, or loan guarantee 
under this title to set aside not more than 10 percent of the amount so 
received to provide retail broadband service.
    ``(b) A recipient who sets aside funds under subsection (a) of this 
section may use the funds only in an area that is not being provided 
with the minimum acceptable level of broadband service established 
under section 601(e), unless the recipient meets the requirements of 
section 601(d).
    ``(c) Nothing in this section shall be construed to limit the 
ability of any borrower to finance or deploy services authorized under 
this Act.
    ``(d) The Secretary shall not provide funding under subsection (a) 
if the funding would result in competitive harm to any grant, loan, or 
loan guarantee referred to in subsection (a).''.
SEC. 6211. REFINANCING OF TELEPHONE LOANS.
    Section 201 of the Rural Electrification Act of 1936 (7 U.S.C. 922) 
is amended, in the fifth sentence, by striking ``furnishing telephone 
service in rural areas:'' and all that follows through ``40 per centum 
of any loan made under this title.'' and inserting ``furnishing 
telephone service in rural areas, including indebtedness of recipients 
on another telecommunications loan made under this Act.''.
SEC. 6212. FEDERAL BROADBAND PROGRAM COORDINATION.
    (a) Consultation Between USDA and NTIA.--The Secretary shall 
consult with the Assistant Secretary to assist in the verification of 
eligibility of the broadband loan and grant programs of the Department 
of Agriculture. In providing assistance under the preceding sentence, 
the Assistant Secretary shall make available the broadband assessment 
and mapping capabilities of the National Telecommunications and 
Information Administration.
    (b) Consultation Between USDA and FCC.--
        (1) By usda.--The Secretary shall consult with the Commission 
    before providing broadband assistance for a project to serve an 
    area with respect to which another entity is receiving Connect 
    America Fund or Mobility Fund support under the Federal universal 
    service support mechanisms established under section 254 of the 
    Communications Act of 1934 (47 U.S.C. 254).
        (2) By fcc.--The Commission shall consult with the Secretary 
    before offering or providing Connect America Fund or Mobility Fund 
    support under the Federal universal service support mechanisms 
    established under section 254 of the Communications Act of 1934 (47 
    U.S.C. 254) to serve an area with respect to which another entity 
    has received broadband assistance under a loan or grant program of 
    the Department of Agriculture.
    (c) Report to Congress.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, the Secretary, the Commission, and the 
Assistant Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Agriculture and 
the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of Representatives 
and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry and the 
Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate a 
report on how best to coordinate federally supported broadband programs 
and activities in order to achieve the following objectives:
        (1) Promote high-quality broadband service that meets the long-
    term needs of rural residents and businesses, by evaluating the 
    broadband service needs in rural areas for each decade through 
    2050.
        (2) Support the long-term viability, sustainability, and 
    utility of federally supported rural broadband infrastructure, by 
    analyzing the technical capabilities of the technologies currently 
    available and reasonably expected to be available by 2035 to meet 
    the broadband service needs of rural residents identified under 
    paragraph (1), including by analyzing the following:
            (A) The real-world performance of such technologies, 
        including data rates, latency, data usage restrictions, and 
        other aspects of service quality, as defined by the Commission.
            (B) The suitability of each such technology for 
        residential, agricultural, educational, healthcare, commercial, 
        and industrial purposes in rural areas.
            (C) The cost to deploy and support such technologies in 
        several rural geographies.
            (D) The costs associated with online platforms, 
        specifically the resulting constraints on rural network 
        bandwidth.
        (3) Identify and quantify the availability of broadband service 
    and ongoing broadband deployment in rural areas, including ways to 
    do the following:
            (A) Harmonize broadband notification and reporting 
        requirements and develop common verification procedures across 
        all federally supported broadband programs.
            (B) Consolidate and utilize the existing broadband service 
        data.
            (C) Collect and share data on those projects in rural areas 
        where Federal programs are currently supporting broadband 
        deployment, including areas with respect to which an entity is 
        receiving--
                (i) support under a broadband assistance program of the 
            Department of Agriculture; or
                (ii) Connect America Fund or Mobility Fund support 
            under the Federal universal service support mechanisms 
            established under section 254 of the Communications Act of 
            1934 (47 U.S.C. 254).
            (D) Leverage support technologies and services from online 
        platforms for providers of broadband service in rural areas.
    (d) Definitions.--In this section:
        (1) Assistant secretary.--The term ``Assistant Secretary'' 
    means the Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Communications and 
    Information.
        (2) Commission.--The term ``Commission'' means the Federal 
    Communications Commission.
        (3) Rural area.--The term ``rural area'' has the meaning given 
    the term in section 601(b)(3) of the Rural Electrification Act of 
    1936.
SEC. 6213. TRANSITION RULE.
    For the period beginning on the date of the enactment of this Act 
and ending on the date that is one year after such date of enactment, 
with respect to the implementation of the rural broadband access 
program under section 601 of the Rural Electrification Act of 1936 (7 
U.S.C. 950bb) and the Community Connect Grant Program under section 604 
of such Act, as added by section 6204 of this Act, the Secretary shall 
use the regulations in existence as of the day before the date of 
enactment of this Act that are applicable to the program involved, 
until the Secretary issues a final rule implementing the provisions of, 
and amendments made by, this title that apply to that program.
SEC. 6214. RURAL BROADBAND INTEGRATION WORKING GROUP.
    (a) In General.--
        (1) Establishment.--There is established the Rural Broadband 
    Integration Working Group (referred to in this subsection as the 
    ``Working Group'').
        (2) Membership.--The membership of the Working Group shall be 
    composed of the heads, or their designees, of--
            (A) the Department of Agriculture, acting through the 
        Administrator of the Rural Utilities Service;
            (B) the Department of Commerce, acting through the 
        Assistant Secretary for Communications and Information;
            (C) the Department of Defense;
            (D) the Department of State;
            (E) the Department of the Interior;
            (F) the Department of Labor;
            (G) the Department of Health and Human Services;
            (H) the Department of Homeland Security;
            (I) the Department of Housing and Urban Development;
            (J) the Department of Justice;
            (K) the Department of Transportation;
            (L) the Department of the Treasury;
            (M) the Department of Energy;
            (N) the Department of Education;
            (O) the Department of Veterans Affairs;
            (P) the Environmental Protection Agency;
            (Q) the General Services Administration;
            (R) the Small Business Administration;
            (S) the Institute of Museum and Library Services;
            (T) the National Science Foundation;
            (U) the Council on Environmental Quality;
            (V) the Office of Science and Technology Policy;
            (W) the Office of Management and Budget;
            (X) the Council of Economic Advisers;
            (Y) the Domestic Policy Council;
            (Z) the National Economic Council; and
            (AA) such other Federal agencies or entities as are 
        determined appropriate by the co-chairs.
        (3) Co-chairs.--The following individuals, or their designees, 
    shall serve as co-chairs of the Working Group:
            (A) The Administrator of the Rural Utilities Service.
            (B) The Assistant Secretary for Communications and 
        Information.
            (C) The Director of the National Economic Council.
            (D) The Director of the Office of Science and Technology 
        Policy.
        (4) Consultation; coordination.--The Working Group shall 
    consult, as appropriate, with other relevant agencies, including 
    the Federal Communications Commission. The Working Group shall 
    coordinate with existing Federal working groups and committees 
    involved with broadband.
        (5) Membership changes.--The Director of the National Economic 
    Council and the Director of the Office of Science and Technology 
    Policy shall review, on a periodic basis, the membership of the 
    Working Group to ensure that the Working Group--
            (A) includes necessary Federal Government entities; and
            (B) is an effective mechanism for coordinating among 
        agencies on the policy described in subsection (b).
    (b) Functions of Working Group.--
        (1) Consultation.--The Working Group shall consult with State, 
    local, Tribal, and territorial governments, telecommunications 
    companies, utilities, trade associations, philanthropic entities, 
    policy experts, and other interested parties to identify, assess, 
    and determine possible actions relating to barriers and 
    opportunities for broadband deployment in rural areas.
        (2) Point of contact.--Not later than 15 days after the date of 
    enactment of this Act, each member of the Working Group shall--
            (A) designate a representative to serve as the main point 
        of contact for matters relating to the Working Group; and
            (B) notify the co-chairs of the Working Group of that 
        designee.
        (3) Survey.--Not later than 60 days after the date of enactment 
    of this Act, based on information provided by the members of the 
    Working Group, the Working Group shall publish a comprehensive 
    survey of--
            (A) Federal programs, including the allocated funding 
        amounts, that currently support or could reasonably be modified 
        to support broadband deployment and adoption; and
            (B) all Federal agency-specific policies and rules with the 
        direct or indirect effect of facilitating or regulating 
        investment in, or deployment of, wired and wireless broadband 
        networks.
        (4) List of actions.--Not later than 120 days after the date of 
    enactment of this Act, the members of the Working Group shall 
    submit to the Working Group an initial list of actions that each of 
    the agencies could take to identify and address regulatory barriers 
    to, incentivize investment in, promote best practices within, align 
    funding decisions with respect to, and otherwise support, wired 
    broadband deployment and adoption.
        (5) Report.--Not later than 150 days after the date of 
    enactment of this Act, the Working Group shall submit to the 
    President an agreed-to and prioritized list of recommendations of 
    the Working Group on actions that Federal agencies can take to 
    support broadband deployment and adoption, including--
            (A) a list of priority actions and rulemakings; and
            (B) timelines to complete the priority actions and 
        rulemakings.

                       Subtitle C--Miscellaneous

SEC. 6301. EXCLUSION OF CERTAIN POPULATIONS FROM DEFINITION OF RURAL 
AREA.
    (a) In General.--Section 343(a)(13) of the Consolidated Farm and 
Rural Development Act (7 U.S.C. 1991(a)(13)) is amended--
        (1) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``(G)'' and inserting 
    ``(I)''; and
        (2) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(H) Exclusion of incarcerated populations.--Populations 
        of individuals incarcerated on a long-term or regional basis 
        shall not be included in determining whether an area is `rural' 
        or a `rural area'.
            ``(I) Limited exclusion of military base populations.--The 
        first 1,500 individuals who reside in housing located on a 
        military base shall not be included in determining whether an 
        area is `rural' or a `rural area'.''.
    (b) Broadband.--Section 601(b)(3) of the Rural Electrification Act 
of 1936 (7 U.S.C. 950bb(b)(3)) is amended by adding at the end the 
following:
            ``(C) Exclusion of certain populations.--Such term does not 
        include any population described in subparagraph (H) or (I) of 
        section 343(a)(13) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural 
        Development Act (7 U.S.C. 1991(a)(13)).''.
    (c) Distance Learning and Telemedicine Loans and Grants.--Section 
2332 of the Food Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 (7 
U.S.C. 950aaa-1) is amended by adding at the end the following:
        ``(4) Rural area.--The term `rural area' has the meaning given 
    the term in section 601(b)(3) of the Rural Electrification Act of 
    1936.''.
SEC. 6302. ESTABLISHMENT OF TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAM.
    (a) Definition.--In this section, the term `tribally designated 
housing entity' has the meaning given the term in section 4 of the 
Native American Housing Assistance and Self-Determination Act of 1996 
(25 U.S.C. 4103).
    (b) In General.--The Secretary shall, in coordination with the 
Office of Tribal Relations established under section 309 of the 
Department of Agriculture Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 6921), 
provide technical assistance to improve access by Tribal entities to 
rural development programs funded by the Department of Agriculture 
through available cooperative agreement authorities of the Secretary.
    (c) Technical Assistance.--Technical assistance provided under 
subsection (b) shall address the unique challenge of Tribal 
governments, Tribal producers, Tribal businesses, Tribal business 
entities, and tribally designated housing entities in accessing 
Department of Agriculture-supported rural infrastructure, rural 
cooperative development, rural business and industry, rural housing, 
and other rural development activities.
SEC. 6303. RURAL ENERGY SAVINGS PROGRAM.
    Section 6407 of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 
(7 U.S.C. 8107a) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (b)(2), by striking ``efficiency.'' and 
    inserting ``efficiency (including cost-effective on- or off-grid 
    renewable energy or energy storage systems).'';
        (2) in subsection (c)--
            (A) by redesignating paragraphs (4) through (7) as 
        paragraphs (5) through (8), respectively;
            (B) by inserting after paragraph (3) the following:
        ``(4) Eligibility for other loans.--The Secretary shall not 
    include any debt incurred by a borrower under this section in the 
    calculation of the debt-equity ratio of the borrower for purposes 
    of eligibility for loans under the Rural Electrification Act of 
    1936 (7 U.S.C. 901 et seq.).'';
            (C) in subparagraph (B) of paragraph (5) (as so 
        redesignated), by striking ``(6)'' and inserting ``(7)''; and
            (D) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(9) Accounting.--The Secretary shall take appropriate steps 
    to streamline the accounting requirements on borrowers under this 
    section while maintaining adequate assurances of the repayment of 
    the loans.'';
        (3) in subsection (d)(1)--
            (A) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``3 percent'' and 
        inserting ``5 percent''; and
            (B) in subparagraph (D), by striking ``electric'' and 
        inserting ``recurring service'';
        (4) by redesignating subsection (h) as subsection (i);
        (5) by inserting after subsection (g) the following:
    ``(h) Publication.--Not later than 120 days after the end of each 
fiscal year, the Secretary shall publish a description of--
        ``(1) the number of applications received under this section 
    for that fiscal year;
        ``(2) the number of loans made to eligible entities under this 
    section for that fiscal year; and
        ``(3) the recipients of the loans described in paragraph 
    (2).''; and
        (6) in subsection (i) (as so redesignated), by striking 
    ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.
SEC. 6304. NORTHERN BORDER REGIONAL COMMISSION REAUTHORIZATION.
    (a) Administrative Expenses of Regional Commissions.--Section 
15304(c)(3)(A) of title 40, United States Code, is amended by striking 
``unanimous'' and inserting ``majority''.
    (b) Economic and Infrastructure Development Grants.--Section 15501 
of title 40, United States Code, is amended--
        (1) in subsection (a)--
            (A) in paragraph (7), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (B) by redesignating paragraph (8) as paragraph (9); and
            (C) by inserting after paragraph (7) the following:
        ``(8) to grow the capacity for successful community economic 
    development in its region; and'';
        (2) in subsection (b), by striking ``paragraphs (1) through 
    (3)'' and inserting ``paragraph (1), (2), (3), or (7)''; and
        (3) in subsection (f), by striking the period at the end and 
    inserting ``, except that financial assistance may be used as 
    otherwise authorized by this subtitle to attract businesses to the 
    region from outside the United States.''.
    (c) State Capacity Building Grant Program.--
        (1) Definitions.--In this subsection:
            (A) Commission.--The term ``Commission'' means the Northern 
        Border Regional Commission established by section 15301(a)(3) 
        of title 40, United States Code.
            (B) Commission state.--The term ``Commission State'' means 
        each of the States of Maine, New Hampshire, New York, and 
        Vermont.
            (C) Eligible county.--The term ``eligible county'' means a 
        county described in section 15733 of title 40, United States 
        Code.
            (D) Program.--The term ``program'' means the State capacity 
        building grant program established under paragraph (2).
        (2) Establishment.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
    enactment of this Act, the Commission shall establish a State 
    capacity building grant program to provide grants to Commission 
    States to carry out the purpose under paragraph (3).
        (3) Purpose.--The purpose of the program is to support the 
    efforts of the Commission--
            (A) to better support business retention and expansion in 
        eligible counties;
            (B) to create programs to encourage job creation and 
        workforce development in eligible counties;
            (C) to prepare economic and infrastructure plans for 
        eligible counties;
            (D) to expand access to high-speed broadband in eligible 
        counties;
            (E) to provide technical assistance that results in 
        Commission investments in transportation, water, wastewater, 
        and other critical infrastructure;
            (F) to create initiatives to increase the effectiveness of 
        local development districts in eligible counties; and
            (G) to implement new or innovative economic development 
        practices that will better position the eligible counties of 
        Commission States to compete in the global economy.
        (4) Use of funds.--
            (A) In general.--Funds from a grant under the program may 
        be used to support a project, program, or related expense of 
        the Commission State in an eligible county.
            (B) Limitation.--Funds from a grant under the program shall 
        not be used for--
                (i) the purchase of furniture, fixtures, or equipment;
                (ii) the compensation of--

                    (I) any State member of the Commission (as 
                described in section 15301(b)(1)(B) of title 40, United 
                States Code); or
                    (II) any State alternate member of the Commission 
                (as described in section 15301(b)(2)(B) of title 40, 
                United States Code); or

                (iii) the cost of supplanting existing State programs.
        (5) Annual work plan.--
            (A) In general.--For each fiscal year, before providing a 
        grant under the program, each Commission State shall provide to 
        the Commission an annual work plan that includes the proposed 
        use of the grant.
            (B) Approval.--No grant under the program shall be provided 
        to a Commission State unless the Commission has approved the 
        annual work plan of the State.
        (6) Amount of grant.--
            (A) In general.--The amount of a grant provided to a 
        Commission State under the program for a fiscal year shall be 
        based on the proportion that--
                (i) the amount paid by the Commission State (including 
            any amounts paid on behalf of the Commission State by a 
            nonprofit organization) for administrative expenses for the 
            applicable fiscal year (as determined under section 
            15304(c) of title 40, United States Code); bears to
                (ii) the amount paid by all Commission States 
            (including any amounts paid on behalf of a Commission State 
            by a nonprofit organization) for administrative expenses 
            for that fiscal year (as determined under that section).
            (B) Requirement.--To be eligible to receive a grant under 
        the program for a fiscal year, a Commission State (or a 
        nonprofit organization on behalf of the Commission State) shall 
        pay the amount of administrative expenses of the Commission 
        State for the applicable fiscal year (as determined under 
        section 15304(c) of title 40, United States Code).
            (C) Approval.--For each fiscal year, a grant provided under 
        the program shall be approved and made available as part of the 
        approval of the annual budget of the Commission.
        (7) Grant availability.--Funds from a grant under the program 
    shall be available only during the fiscal year for which the grant 
    is provided.
        (8) Report.--Each fiscal year, each Commission State shall 
    submit to the Commission and make publicly available a report that 
    describes the use of the grant funds and the impact of the program 
    in the State.
        (9) Funding.--
            (A) In general.--There is authorized to be appropriated to 
        carry out this subsection $5,000,000 for each of fiscal years 
        2019 through 2023.
            (B) Supplement, not supplant.--Funds made available to 
        carry out this subsection shall supplement and not supplant 
        funds made available for the Commission and other activities of 
        the Commission.
    (d) Northern Border Regional Commission.--Section 15733 of title 
40, United States Code, is amended--
        (1) in paragraph (2)--
            (A) by inserting ``Belknap,'' before ``Carroll,''; and
            (B) by inserting ``Cheshire,'' before ``Coos,'';
        (2) by striking paragraph (3) and inserting the following new 
    paragraph:
        ``(3) New york.--The counties of Cayuga, Clinton, Essex, 
    Franklin, Fulton, Genesee, Greene, Hamilton, Herkimer, Jefferson, 
    Lewis, Livingston, Madison, Montgomery, Niagara, Oneida, Orleans, 
    Oswego, Rensselaer, Saratoga, Schenectady, Seneca, St. Lawrence, 
    Sullivan, Washington, Warren, Wayne, and Yates in the State of New 
    York.''; and
        (3) in paragraph (4)--
            (A) by inserting ``Addison, Bennington,'' before 
        ``Caledonia,'';
            (B) by inserting ``Chittenden,'' before ``Essex,'';
            (C) by striking ``and'' and inserting ``Orange,'' and
            (D) by inserting ``, Rutland, Washington, Windham, and 
        Windsor'' after ``Orleans''.
    (e) Authorization of Appropriations.--Section 15751(a) of title 40, 
United States Code, is amended by striking ``$30,000,000 for each of 
fiscal years 2008 through 2018'' and inserting ``$33,000,000 for each 
of fiscal years 2019 through 2023''.
    (f) Vacancies.--Section 15301 of title 40, United States Code, is 
amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(f) Succession.--Subject to the time limitations under section 
3346 of title 5, the Federal Cochairperson may designate a Federal 
employee of the Commission to perform the functions and duties of the 
office of the Federal Cochairperson temporarily in an acting capacity 
if both the Federal Cochairperson and the alternate Federal 
Cochairperson die, resign, or otherwise are unable to perform the 
functions and duties of their offices.''.
    (g) Technical Amendments.--Chapters 1, 2, 3, and 4 of subtitle V of 
title 40, United States Code, are redesignated as chapters 151, 153, 
155, and 157, respectively.
SEC. 6305. DEFINITION OF RURAL AREA FOR PURPOSES OF THE HOUSING ACT OF 
1949.
    The second sentence of section 520 of the Housing Act of 1949 (42 
U.S.C. 1490) is amended--
        (1) by striking ``or 2010 decennial census'' and inserting 
    ``2010, or 2020 decennial census'';
        (2) by striking ``December 31, 2010,'' and inserting ``December 
    31, 2020,'' ; and
        (3) by striking ``year 2020'' and inserting ``year 2030''.
SEC. 6306. COUNCIL ON RURAL COMMUNITY INNOVATION AND ECONOMIC 
DEVELOPMENT.
    (a) Purpose.--The purpose of this section is to enhance the efforts 
of the Federal Government to address the needs of rural areas in the 
United States by--
        (1) establishing a council to better coordinate Federal 
    programs directed to rural communities;
        (2) maximizing the impact of Federal investment to promote 
    economic prosperity and quality of life in rural communities in the 
    United States; and
        (3) using innovation to resolve local and regional challenges 
    faced by rural communities.
    (b) Establishment.--
        (1) There is established a Council on Rural Community 
    Innovation and Economic Development (referred to in this section as 
    the ``Council'').
        (2) The Council shall be the successor to the Interagency Task 
    Force on Agriculture and Rural Prosperity established by Executive 
    Order 13790.
    (c) Membership.--
        (1) In general.--The membership of the Council shall be 
    composed of the heads of the following executive branch 
    departments, agencies, and offices:
            (A) The Department of Agriculture.
            (B) The Department of the Treasury.
            (C) The Department of Defense.
            (D) The Department of Justice.
            (E) The Department of the Interior.
            (F) The Department of Commerce.
            (G) The Department of Labor.
            (H) The Department of Health and Human Services.
            (I) The Department of Housing and Urban Development.
            (J) The Department of Transportation.
            (K) The Department of Energy.
            (L) The Department of Education.
            (M) The Department of Veterans Affairs.
            (N) The Department of Homeland Security.
            (O) The Environmental Protection Agency.
            (P) The Federal Communications Commission.
            (Q) The Office of Management and Budget.
            (R) The Office of Science and Technology Policy.
            (S) The Office of National Drug Control Policy.
            (T) The Council of Economic Advisers.
            (U) The Domestic Policy Council.
            (V) The National Economic Council.
            (W) The Small Business Administration.
            (X) The Council on Environmental Quality.
            (Y) The White House Office of Public Engagement.
            (Z) The White House Office of Cabinet Affairs.
            (AA) Such other executive branch departments, agencies, and 
        offices as the President or the Secretary may, from time to 
        time, designate.
        (2) Chair.--The Secretary shall serve as the Chair of the 
    Council.
        (3) Designees.--A member of the Council may designate, to 
    perform the Council functions of the member, a senior-level 
    official who is--
            (A) part of the department, agency, or office of the 
        member; and
            (B) a full-time officer or employee of the Federal 
        Government.
        (4) Administration.--The Council shall coordinate policy 
    development through the rural development mission area.
    (d) Funding.--The Secretary shall provide funding and 
administrative support for the Council to the extent permitted by law 
and within existing appropriations.
    (e) Mission and Function of the Council.--The Council shall work 
across executive departments, agencies, and offices to coordinate 
development of policy recommendations--
        (1) to maximize the impact of Federal investment on rural 
    communities;
        (2) to promote economic prosperity and quality of life in rural 
    communities; and
        (3) to use innovation to resolve local and regional challenges 
    faced by rural communities.
    (f) Duties.--The Council shall--
        (1) make recommendations to the President, acting through the 
    Director of the Domestic Policy Council and the Director of the 
    National Economic Council, on streamlining and leveraging Federal 
    investments in rural areas, where appropriate, to increase the 
    impact of Federal dollars and create economic opportunities to 
    improve the quality of life in rural areas in the United States;
        (2) coordinate and increase the effectiveness of Federal 
    engagement with rural stakeholders, including agricultural 
    organizations, small businesses, education and training 
    institutions, health-care providers, telecommunications services 
    providers, electric service providers, transportation providers, 
    research and land grant institutions, law enforcement, State, 
    local, and tribal governments, and nongovernmental organizations 
    regarding the needs of rural areas in the United States;
        (3) coordinate Federal efforts directed toward the growth and 
    development of rural geographic regions that encompass both 
    metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas;
        (4) identify and facilitate rural economic opportunities 
    associated with energy development, outdoor recreation, and other 
    conservation related activities; and
        (5) identify common economic and social challenges faced by 
    rural communities that could be served through--
            (A) better coordination of existing Federal and non-Federal 
        resources; and
            (B) innovative solutions utilizing governmental and 
        nongovernmental resources.
    (g) Executive Departments and Agencies.--
        (1) In general.--The heads of executive departments and 
    agencies shall assist and provide information to the Council, 
    consistent with applicable law, as may be necessary to carry out 
    the functions of the Council.
        (2) Expenses.--Each executive department or agency shall be 
    responsible for paying any expenses of the executive department or 
    agency for participating in the Council.
    (h) Council Working Groups.--
        (1) In general.--The Council may establish, in addition to the 
    working groups established under paragraph (3), such other working 
    groups as necessary.
        (2) Membership.--The Secretary shall include as members of each 
    working group such Council members, other heads of Federal agencies 
    (or their designees as defined in (d)(3)), and non-Federal partners 
    as determined appropriate to the subject matter.
        (3) Required working groups.--The working groups specified in 
    this paragraph are each of the following:
            (A) The rural smart communities working group.--
                (i) Establishment.--The Council shall establish a Rural 
            Smart Communities Working Group.
                (ii) Duties.--The Rural Smart Communities Working Group 
            shall--

                    (I) not later than 1 year after the establishment 
                of such Working Group, submit to Congress a report 
                describing efforts of rural areas to integrate smart 
                technology into their communities to solve challenges 
                relating to governance, economic development, quality 
                of life, or other relevant rural issues, as determined 
                by the Secretary; and
                    (II) create, publish, and maintain a resource guide 
                designed to assist States and other rural communities 
                in developing and implementing rural smart community 
                programs.

                (iii) Smart community defined.--For the purposes of 
            this subparagraph, the term ``smart community'' means a 
            community that has the ability to integrate multiple 
            technological solutions, in a secure fashion, to manage a 
            community's assets, including local government information 
            systems, schools, libraries, transportation systems, 
            hospitals, power plants, law enforcement, and other 
            community services with the goal of promoting quality of 
            life through the use of technology in ways that improve the 
            efficiency of services and meet residents' needs.
            (B) Jobs accelerator working group.--
                (i) Establishment.--The Council shall establish a Jobs 
            Accelerator Working Group.
                (ii) Goals.--The Jobs Accelerator Working Group shall 
            support rural jobs accelerators (as defined in section 
            379I(a)(4) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development 
            Act)--

                    (I) to improve the ability of rural communities to 
                create high-wage jobs, accelerate the formation of new 
                businesses with high-growth potential, and strengthen 
                regional economies, including by helping to build 
                capacity in the applicable region to achieve those 
                goals; and
                    (II) to help rural communities identify and 
                maximize local assets and connect to regional 
                opportunities, networks, and industry clusters that 
                demonstrate high growth potential.

                (iii) Duties.--The Jobs Accelerator Working Group 
            shall--

                    (I) provide the public with available information 
                and technical assistance on Federal resources relevant 
                to a project and region;
                    (II) establish a Federal support team comprised of 
                staff from participating agencies in the working group 
                that shall provide coordinated and dedicated support 
                services to rural jobs accelerators; and
                    (III) provide opportunities for rural jobs 
                accelerators to share best practices and further 
                collaborate with one another.

 Subtitle D--Additional Amendments to the Consolidated Farm and Rural 
                            Development Act

SEC. 6401. STRATEGIC ECONOMIC AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT.
    Section 379H of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act (7 
U.S.C. 2008v) is amended to read as follows:
``SEC. 379H. STRATEGIC ECONOMIC AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT.
    ``(a) In General.--In the case of any program under this title or 
administered by the Secretary, acting through the rural development 
mission area, as determined by the Secretary (referred to in this 
section as a `covered program'), the Secretary shall give priority to 
an application for a project that, as determined and approved by the 
Secretary--
        ``(1) meets the applicable eligibility requirements of this 
    title or the other applicable authorizing law;
        ``(2) will be carried out in a rural area; and
        ``(3) supports the implementation of a strategic community 
    investment plan described in subsection (d) on a multisectoral and 
    multijurisdictional basis, to include considerations for improving 
    and expanding broadband services as needed.
    ``(b) Reserve.--
        ``(1) In general.--Subject to paragraph (2), the Secretary 
    shall reserve not more than 15 percent of the funds made available 
    for a fiscal year for covered programs for projects that support 
    the implementation of a strategic community investment plan 
    described in subsection (d) on a multisectoral and 
    multijurisdictional basis.
        ``(2) Period.--Any funds reserved under paragraph (1) shall 
    only be reserved for the 1-year period beginning on the date on 
    which the funds were first made available, as determined by the 
    Secretary.
    ``(c) Approved Applications.--
        ``(1) In general.--Subject to paragraph (2), any applicant who 
    submitted an application under a covered program that was approved 
    before the date of enactment of this section may amend the 
    application to qualify for the funds reserved under subsection (b).
        ``(2) Rural utilities.--Any applicant who submitted an 
    application under paragraph (2), (14), or (24) of section 306(a), 
    or section 306A or 310B(b), that was approved by the Secretary 
    before the date of enactment of this section shall be eligible for 
    the funds reserved under subsection (b)--
            ``(A) on the same basis as an application submitted under 
        this section; and
            ``(B) until September 30, 2019.
    ``(d) Strategic Community Investment Plans.--
        ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall provide assistance to 
    rural communities in developing strategic community investment 
    plans.
        ``(2) Plans.--A strategic community investment plan described 
    in paragraph (1) shall include--
            ``(A) a variety of activities designed to facilitate the 
        vision of a rural community for the future, including 
        considerations for improving and expanding broadband services 
        as needed;
            ``(B) participation by multiple stakeholders, including 
        local and regional partners;
            ``(C) leverage of applicable regional resources;
            ``(D) investment from strategic partners, such as--
                ``(i) private organizations;
                ``(ii) cooperatives;
                ``(iii) other government entities;
                ``(iv) Indian Tribes; and
                ``(v) philanthropic organizations;
            ``(E) clear objectives with the ability to establish 
        measurable performance metrics;
            ``(F) action steps for implementation; and
            ``(G) any other elements necessary to ensure that the plan 
        results in a comprehensive and strategic approach to rural 
        economic development, as determined by the Secretary.
        ``(3) Coordination.--The Secretary shall coordinate with Indian 
    Tribes and local, State, regional, and Federal partners to develop 
    strategic community investment plans under this subsection.
        ``(4) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized to 
    be appropriated to carry out this subsection $5,000,000 for each of 
    fiscal years 2019 through 2023, to remain available until 
    expended.''.
SEC. 6402. EXPANDING ACCESS TO CREDIT FOR RURAL COMMUNITIES.
    (a) Certain Programs Under the Consolidated Farm and Rural 
Development Act.--Section 343(a)(13) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural 
Development Act (7 U.S.C. 1991(a)(13)) is amended--
        (1) in subparagraph (B)--
            (A) in the heading, by striking ``and guaranteed''; and
            (B) in the text--
                (i) by striking ``and guaranteed''; and
                (ii) by striking ``(1), (2), and (24)'' and inserting 
            ``(1) and (2)''; and
        (2) in subparagraph (C)--
            (A) by striking ``and guaranteed''; and
            (B) by striking ``(21), and (24)'' and inserting ``and 
        (21)''.
    (b) Population Caps for Guaranteed Lending.--Section 306(a)(24) of 
such Act (7 U.S.C. 1926(a)(24)) is amended by adding at the end the 
following:
            ``(D) Priority.--
                ``(i) Water or waste facility.--The Secretary shall 
            prioritize water and waste facility projects under this 
            paragraph in rural areas with a population of not more than 
            10,000 people.
                ``(ii) Community facility.--Of the funds made available 
            to carry out this paragraph for community facility loan 
            guarantees for a fiscal year the following amounts shall be 
            reserved for projects in rural areas with a population of 
            not more than 20,000 inhabitants:

                    ``(I) 100 percent of the first $200,000,000 so made 
                available;
                    ``(II) 50 percent of the next $200,000,000 so made 
                available; and
                    ``(III) 25 percent of all amounts exceeding 
                $400,000,000 so made available,

            except that, to the extent that the Secretary demonstrates 
            that the funds so reserved are not needed to finance a 
            community facility project in such a rural area, the 
            Secretary may use the funds for other community facility 
            projects in accordance with this paragraph.''.
SEC. 6403. WATER, WASTE DISPOSAL, AND WASTEWATER FACILITY GRANTS.
    Section 306(a)(2)(B) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development 
Act (7 U.S.C. 1926(a)(2)(B)) is amended--
        (1) in clause (iii), by striking ``$100,000'' each place it 
    appears and inserting ``$200,000''; and
        (2) in clause (vii), by striking ``$30,000,000 for each of 
    fiscal years 2008 through 2018'' and inserting ``$15,000,000 for 
    each of fiscal years 2019 through 2023''.
SEC. 6404. RURAL WATER AND WASTEWATER TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE AND TRAINING 
PROGRAMS.
    Section 306(a)(14) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development 
Act (7 U.S.C. 1926(a)(14)) is amended--
        (1) in subparagraph (A)--
            (A) in clause (ii), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (B) in clause (iii), by striking the period and inserting a 
        semicolon; and
            (C) by adding at the end the following:
                ``(iv) identify options to enhance the long-term 
            sustainability of rural water and waste systems, including 
            operational practices, revenue enhancements, partnerships, 
            consolidation, regionalization, or contract services; and
                ``(v) address the contamination of drinking water and 
            surface water supplies by emerging contaminants, including 
            per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances.''; and
        (2) in subparagraph (C)--
            (A) by striking ``1 nor more than 3'' and inserting ``3 
        percent and not more than 5''; and
            (B) by striking ``1 per centum'' and inserting ``3 
        percent''.
SEC. 6405. RURAL WATER AND WASTEWATER CIRCUIT RIDER PROGRAM.
    Section 306(a)(22)(B) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural 
Development Act (7 U.S.C. 1926(a)(22)(B)) is amended by striking 
``$20,000,000 for fiscal year 2014 and each fiscal year thereafter'' 
and inserting ``$25,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2019 through 
2023''.
SEC. 6406. TRIBAL COLLEGE AND UNIVERSITY ESSENTIAL COMMUNITY 
FACILITIES.
    Section 306(a)(25)(C) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural 
Development Act (7 U.S.C. 1926(a)(25)(C)) is amended by striking 
``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.
SEC. 6407. EMERGENCY AND IMMINENT COMMUNITY WATER ASSISTANCE GRANT 
PROGRAM.
    (a) In General.--Section 306A of the Consolidated Farm and Rural 
Development Act (7 U.S.C. 1926a) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (b)(1), by striking ``; and'' and inserting 
    the following: ``, particularly to projects to address 
    contamination that--
            ``(A) poses a threat to human health or the environment; 
        and
            ``(B) was caused by circumstances beyond the control of the 
        applicant for a grant, including circumstances that occurred 
        over a period of time; and'';
        (2) in subsection (d)(1)(D), by inserting ``, other than those 
    covered above for not to exceed 120 days when a more permanent 
    solution is not feasible in a shorter time frame. Where drinking 
    water supplies are inadequate due to an event, as determined by the 
    Secretary, including drought, severe weather, or contamination, the 
    Secretary may provide potable water for an additional period of 
    time not to exceed an additional 120 days in order to protect 
    public health'' before the period;
        (3) in subsection (e)(1)(B), by striking ``according to the 
    most recent decennial census of the United States'';
        (4) in subsection (f)(1), by striking ``$500,000'' and 
    inserting ``$1,000,000''; and
        (5) in subsection (i)--
            (A) in paragraph (1)--
                (i) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``3 nor more than 
            5'' and inserting ``5 percent and not more than 7''; and
                (ii) by striking subparagraph (B) and inserting the 
            following:
            ``(B) Release.--
                ``(i) In general.--Funds reserved under subparagraph 
            (A) for a fiscal year shall be reserved only until July 1 
            of the fiscal year.
                ``(ii) Exception.--Notwithstanding clause (i), in 
            response to an eligible community where the drinking water 
            supplies are inadequate, as determined by the Secretary, 
            due to an event, including drought, severe weather, or 
            contamination, the Secretary may use funds described in 
            subparagraph (A) from July 1 through September 30 each 
            fiscal year to provide potable water under this section in 
            order to protect public health.''; and
            (B) in paragraph (2), by striking ``$35,000,000 for each of 
        fiscal years 2008 through 2018'' and inserting ``$50,000,000 
        for each of fiscal years 2019 through 2023''.
    (b) Interagency Task Force on Rural Water Quality.--
        (1) In general.--Not later than 90 days after the date of 
    enactment of this section, the Secretary shall coordinate an 
    interagency task force to examine drinking water and surface water 
    contamination in rural communities, particularly rural communities 
    that are in close proximity to active or decommissioned military 
    installations in the United States.
        (2) Membership.--The interagency task force shall consist of--
            (A) the Secretary;
            (B) the Secretary of the Army, acting through the Chief of 
        Engineers;
            (C) the Secretary of Health and Human Services, acting 
        through--
                (i) the Director of the Agency for Toxic Substances and 
            Disease Registry; and
                (ii) the Director of the Centers for Disease Control 
            and Prevention;
            (D) the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development;
            (E) the Secretary of the Interior, acting through--
                (i) the Director of the United States Fish and Wildlife 
            Service; and
                (ii) the Director of the United States Geological 
            Survey;
            (F) the Administrator of the Environmental Protection 
        Agency; and
            (G) representatives from rural drinking and wastewater 
        entities, State and community regulators, and appropriate 
        scientific experts that reflect a diverse cross-section of the 
        rural communities described in paragraph (1).
        (3) Report.--
            (A) In general.--Not later than 360 days after the date of 
        enactment of this section, the task force shall submit to the 
        committees described in subparagraph (B) a report that--
                (i) examines, and identifies issues relating to, water 
            contamination in rural communities, particularly rural 
            communities that are in close proximity to active or 
            decommissioned military installations in the United States;
                (ii) reviews the extent to which Federal, State, and 
            local government agencies coordinate with one another to 
            address the issues identified under clause (i);
                (iii) recommends how Federal, State, and local 
            government agencies can work together in the most 
            effective, efficient, and cost-effective manner 
            practicable, to address the issues identified under clause 
            (i); and
                (iv) recommends changes to existing statutory 
            requirements, regulatory requirements, or both, to improve 
            interagency coordination and responsiveness to address the 
            issues identified under clause (i).
            (B) Committees described.--The committees referred to in 
        subparagraph (A) are--
                (i) the Committee on Agriculture of the House of 
            Representatives;
                (ii) the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and 
            Forestry of the Senate;
                (iii) the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House 
            of Representatives;
                (iv) the Committee on Environment and Public Works of 
            the Senate;
                (v) the Committee on Armed Services of the House of 
            Representatives; and
                (vi) the Committee on Armed Services of the Senate.
SEC. 6408. WATER SYSTEMS FOR RURAL AND NATIVE VILLAGES IN ALASKA.
    Section 306D of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act (7 
U.S.C. 1926d) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (a), by striking ``Alaska for'' and inserting 
    ``Alaska, a consortium formed pursuant to section 325 of the 
    Department of the Interior and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 
    1998 (Public Law 105-83; 111 Stat. 1597), and Native villages (as 
    defined in section 3 of the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act (43 
    U.S.C. 1602)) for'';
        (2) in subsection (b), by inserting ``for any grant awarded 
    under subsection (a)'' before the period at the end; and
        (3) in subsection (d)--
            (A) in paragraph (1), by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
        ``2023''; and
            (B) in paragraph (2), by striking ``Alaska'' and inserting 
        ``Alaska, and not more than 2 percent of the amount made 
        available under paragraph (1) for a fiscal year may be used by 
        a consortium formed pursuant to section 325 of the Department 
        of the Interior and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 1998 
        (Public Law 105-83; 111 Stat. 1597),''.
SEC. 6409. RURAL DECENTRALIZED WATER SYSTEMS.
    Section 306E of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act (7 
U.S.C. 1926e) is amended--
        (1) by striking the section heading and inserting ``rural 
    decentralized water systems'';
        (2) in subsection (a), by striking ``100'' and inserting 
    ``60'';
        (3) in subsection (b)--
            (A) in paragraph (1)--
                (i) by inserting ``and subgrants'' after ``loans''; and
                (ii) by inserting ``and individually owned household 
            decentralized wastewater systems'' after ``well systems'';
            (B) by striking paragraph (2) and inserting the following:
        ``(2) Terms and amounts.--
            ``(A) Terms of loans.--A loan made with grant funds under 
        this section--
                ``(i) shall have an interest rate of 1 percent; and
                ``(ii) shall have a term not to exceed 20 years.
            ``(B) Amounts.--A loan or subgrant made with grant funds 
        under this section shall not exceed $15,000 for each water well 
        system or decentralized wastewater system described in 
        paragraph (1).''; and
            (C) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(4) Ground well water contamination.--In the event of ground 
    well water contamination, the Secretary shall allow a loan or 
    subgrant to be made with grant funds under this section for the 
    installation of water treatment where needed beyond the point of 
    entry, with or without the installation of a new water well 
    system.'';
        (4) in subsection (c), by striking ``productive use of 
    individually-owned household water well systems'' and inserting 
    ``effective use of individually owned household water well systems, 
    individually owned household decentralized wastewater systems,''; 
    and
        (5) in subsection (d)--
            (A) by striking ``$5,000,000'' and inserting 
        ``$20,000,000''; and
            (B) by striking ``2014 through 2018'' and inserting ``2019 
        through 2023''.
SEC. 6410. SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT GRANTS.
    Section 310B(b)(2) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development 
Act (7 U.S.C. 1932(b)(2)) is amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
``2023''.
SEC. 6411. RURAL BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT GRANTS.
    Section 310B(c)(4)(A) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural 
Development Act (7 U.S.C. 1932(c)(4)(A)) is amended by striking 
``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.
SEC. 6412. RURAL COOPERATIVE DEVELOPMENT GRANTS.
    (a) In General.--Section 310B(e) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural 
Development Act (7 U.S.C. 1932(e)) is amended--
        (1) in paragraph (10), by inserting ``(including research and 
    analysis based on data from the latest available Economic Census 
    conducted by the Bureau of the Census)'' after ``conduct 
    research''; and
        (2) in paragraph (13), by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
    ``2023''.
    (b) Technical Correction.--Section 310B(e)(11)(B)(i) of such Act (7 
U.S.C. 1932(e)(11)(B)(i)) is amended by striking ``(12)'' and inserting 
``(13)''.
SEC. 6413. LOCALLY OR REGIONALLY PRODUCED AGRICULTURAL FOOD PRODUCTS.
    Section 310B(g)(9)(B)(iv)(I) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural 
Development Act (7 U.S.C. 1932(g)(9)(B)(iv)(I)) is amended by striking 
``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.
SEC. 6414. APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER FOR RURAL AREAS PROGRAM.
    Section 310B(i)(4) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development 
Act (7 U.S.C. 1932(i)(4)) is amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
``2023''.
SEC. 6415. RURAL ECONOMIC AREA PARTNERSHIP ZONES.
    Section 310B(j) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act 
(7 U.S.C. 1932(j)) is amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
``2023''.
SEC. 6416. INTEMEDIARY RELENDING PROGRAM.
    Section 310H of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act (7 
U.S.C. 1936b) is amended--
        (1) by redesignating subsection (e) as subsection (i);
        (2) by inserting after subsection (d) the following:
    ``(e) Limitation on Loan Amounts.--The maximum amount of a loan by 
an eligible entity described in subsection (b) to individuals and 
entities for a project under subsection (c), including the unpaid 
balance of any existing loans, shall be the lesser of--
        ``(1) $400,000; and
        ``(2) 50 percent of the loan to the eligible entity under 
    subsection (a).
    ``(f) Applications.--
        ``(1) In general.--To be eligible to receive a loan or loan 
    guarantee under subsection (a), an eligible entity described in 
    subsection (b) shall submit to the Secretary an application at such 
    time, in such manner, and containing such information as the 
    Secretary may require.
        ``(2) Evaluation.--In evaluating applications submitted under 
    paragraph (1), the Secretary shall--
            ``(A)(i) take into consideration the previous performance 
        of an eligible entity in carrying out projects under subsection 
        (c); and
            ``(ii) in the case of satisfactory performance under clause 
        (i), require the eligible entity to contribute less equity for 
        subsequent loans without modifying the priority given to 
        subsequent applications; and
            ``(B) in assigning priorities to applications, require an 
        eligible entity to demonstrate that it has a governing or 
        advisory board made up of business, civic, and community 
        leaders who are representative of the communities of the 
        service area, without limitation to the size of the service 
        area.
    ``(g) Return of Equity.--The Secretary shall establish a schedule 
that is consistent with the amortization schedules of the portfolio of 
loans made or guaranteed under subsection (a) for the return of any 
equity contribution made under this section by an eligible entity 
described in subsection (b), if the eligible entity is--
        ``(1) current on all principal and interest payments; and
        ``(2) in compliance with loan covenants.
    ``(h) Regulations.--The Secretary shall promulgate regulations and 
establish procedures reducing the administrative requirements on 
eligible entities described in subsection (b), including regulations to 
carry out the amendments made to this section by the Agriculture 
Improvement Act of 2018.''; and
        (3) in subsection (i) (as so redesignated), by striking 
    ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.
SEC. 6417. ACCESS TO INFORMATION TO VERIFY INCOME FOR PARTICIPANTS IN 
CERTAIN RURAL HOUSING PROGRAMS.
    Section 331 of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act (7 
U.S.C. 1981), as amended by section 6210(a) of this Act, is amended by 
adding at the end the following:
    ``(f) Access to Information to Verify Income for Participants in 
Certain Rural Housing Programs.--The Secretary and the designees of the 
Secretary are hereby granted the same access to information and subject 
to the same requirements applicable to the Secretary of Housing and 
Urban Development as provided in section 453 of the Social Security Act 
(42 U.S.C. 653) and section 6103(l)(7)(D)(ix) of the Internal Revenue 
Code of 1986 (26 U.S.C. 6103(l)(7)(D)(ix)) to verify income for 
individuals participating in sections 502, 504, 521, and 542 of the 
Housing Act of 1949 (42 U.S.C. 1472, 1474, 1490a, and 1490r), 
notwithstanding section 453(l) of the Social Security Act.''.
SEC. 6418. PROVIDING FOR ADDITIONAL FEES FOR GUARANTEED LOANS UNDER THE 
CONSOLIDATED FARM AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT ACT.
    Section 333 of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act (7 
U.S.C. 1983) is amended--
        (1) by striking ``and'' at the end of paragraph (5);
        (2) by striking the period at the end of paragraph (6) and 
    inserting ``; and''; and
        (3) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(7) in the case of an insured or guaranteed loan issued or 
    modified under section 306(a), charge and collect from the lender 
    fees in such amounts as to bring down the costs of subsidies for 
    the insured or guaranteed loan, except that the fees shall not act 
    as a bar to participation in the programs nor be inconsistent with 
    current practices in the marketplace.''.
SEC. 6419. RURAL BUSINESS-COOPERATIVE SERVICE PROGRAMS TECHNICAL 
ASSISTANCE AND TRAINING.
    The Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act is amended by 
inserting after section 367, as added by section 5306 of this Act, the 
following:
    ``SEC. 368. RURAL BUSINESS-COOPERATIVE SERVICE PROGRAMS TECHNICAL 
      ASSISTANCE AND TRAINING.
    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary may make grants to public bodies, 
private nonprofit corporations, economic development authorities, 
institutions of higher education, federally recognized Indian Tribes, 
and rural cooperatives for the purpose of providing or obtaining 
technical assistance and training to support funding applications for 
programs carried out by the Secretary, acting through the Administrator 
of the Rural Business-Cooperative Service.
    ``(b) Purposes.--A grant under subsection (a) may be used--
        ``(1) to assist communities in identifying and planning for 
    business and economic development needs;
        ``(2) to identify public and private resources to finance 
    business and small and emerging business needs;
        ``(3) to prepare reports and surveys necessary to request 
    financial assistance for businesses in rural communities; and
        ``(4) to prepare applications for financial assistance.
    ``(c) Selection Priority.--In selecting recipients of grants under 
this section, the Secretary shall give priority to grants serving 
persistent poverty counties and high poverty communities, as determined 
by the Secretary.
    ``(d) Funding.--
        ``(1) In general.--There is authorized to be appropriated to 
    carry out this section $5,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2019 
    through 2023, to remain available until expended.
        ``(2) Availability.--Any amounts authorized to be appropriated 
    under paragraph (1) for any fiscal year that are not appropriated 
    for that fiscal year may be appropriated for the immediately 
    succeeding fiscal year.''.
SEC. 6420. NATIONAL RURAL DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP.
    Section 378 of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act (7 
U.S.C. 2008m) is amended in each of subsections (g)(1) and (h), by 
striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023'' each place it appears.
SEC. 6421. GRANTS FOR NOAA WEATHER RADIO TRANSMITTERS.
    Section 379B(d) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act 
(7 U.S.C. 2008p(d)) is amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
``2023''.
SEC. 6422. RURAL MICROENTREPRENEUR ASSISTANCE PROGRAM.
    Section 379E of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act (7 
U.S.C. 2008s) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (b)(4)(B)(ii)--
            (A) in the clause heading, by striking ``Maximum amount'' 
        and inserting ``Amount'';
            (B) by inserting ``not less than 20 percent and'' before 
        ``not more than 25 percent''; and
            (C) by striking the period at the end and inserting the 
        following: ``, subject to--

                    ``(I) satisfactory performance by the 
                microenterprise development organization under this 
                section, and
                    ``(II) the availability of funding.''; and

        (2) by striking subsection (d) and inserting the following:
    ``(d) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $20,000,000 for each of fiscal 
years 2019 through 2023.''.
SEC. 6423. HEALTH CARE SERVICES.
    Section 379G(e) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act 
(7 U.S.C. 2008u(e)) is amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
``2023''.
SEC. 6424. RURAL INNOVATION STRONGER ECONOMY GRANT PROGRAM.
    Subtitle D of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act (7 
U.S.C. 1981 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:
``SEC. 379I. RURAL INNOVATION STRONGER ECONOMY GRANT PROGRAM.
    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
        ``(1) Eligible entity.--The term `eligible entity' means a 
    rural jobs accelerator partnership established after the date of 
    enactment of this section that--
            ``(A) organizes key community and regional stakeholders 
        into a working group that--
                ``(i) focuses on the shared goals and needs of the 
            industry clusters that are objectively identified as 
            existing, emerging, or declining;
                ``(ii) represents a region defined by the partnership 
            in accordance with subparagraph (B);
                ``(iii) includes 1 or more representatives of--

                    ``(I) an institution of higher education (as 
                defined in section 101 of the Higher Education Act of 
                1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001));
                    ``(II) a private entity; or
                    ``(III) a government entity; and

                ``(iv) has, as a lead applicant--

                    ``(I) a District Organization (as defined in 
                section 300.3 of title 13, Code of Federal Regulations 
                (or a successor regulation));
                    ``(II) an Indian tribe (as defined in section 4 of 
                the Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance 
                Act (25 U.S.C. 5304)), or a consortium of Indian 
                tribes;
                    ``(III) a State or a political subdivision of a 
                State, including a special purpose unit of a State or 
                local government engaged in economic development 
                activities, or a consortium of political subdivisions;
                    ``(IV) an institution of higher education (as 
                defined in section 101 of the Higher Education Act of 
                1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001)) or a consortium of institutions 
                of higher education; or
                    ``(V) a public or private nonprofit organization; 
                and

            ``(B) subject to approval by the Secretary, may--
                ``(i) serve a region that is--

                    ``(I) a single jurisdiction; or
                    ``(II) if the region is a rural area, 
                multijurisdictional; and

                ``(ii) define the region that the partnership 
            represents, if the region--

                    ``(I) is large enough to contain critical elements 
                of the industry cluster prioritized by the partnership;
                    ``(II) is small enough to enable close 
                collaboration among members of the partnership;
                    ``(III) includes a majority of communities that are 
                located in--

                        ``(aa) a nonmetropolitan area that qualifies as 
                    a low-income community (as defined in section 
                    45D(e) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986); and
                        ``(bb) an area that has access to or has a plan 
                    to achieve broadband service (within the meaning of 
                    title VI of the Rural Electrification Act of 1936 
                    (7 U.S.C. 950bb et seq.)); and

                    ``(IV)(aa) has a population of 50,000 or fewer 
                inhabitants; or
                    ``(bb) for a region with a population of more than 
                50,000 inhabitants, is the subject of a positive 
                determination by the Secretary with respect to a rural-
                in-character petition, including such a petition 
                submitted concurrently with the application of the 
                partnership for a grant under this section.

        ``(2) Industry cluster.--The term `industry cluster' means a 
    broadly defined network of interconnected firms and supporting 
    institutions in related industries that accelerate innovation, 
    business formation, and job creation by taking advantage of assets 
    and strengths of a region in the business environment.
        ``(3) High-wage job.--The term `high-wage job' means a job that 
    provides a wage that is greater than the median wage for the 
    applicable region, as determined by the Secretary.
        ``(4) Jobs accelerator.--The term `jobs accelerator' means a 
    jobs accelerator center or program located in or serving a low-
    income rural community that may provide co-working space, in-demand 
    skills training, entrepreneurship support, and any other services 
    described in subsection (d)(1)(B).
        ``(5) Small and disadvantaged business.--The term `small and 
    disadvantaged business' has the meaning given the term `small 
    business concern owned and controlled by socially and economically 
    disadvantaged individuals' in section 8(d)(3)(C) of the Small 
    Business Act (15 U.S.C. 637(d)(3)(C)).
    ``(b) Establishment.--
        ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall establish a grant 
    program under which the Secretary shall award grants, on a 
    competitive basis, to eligible entities to establish jobs 
    accelerators, including related programming, that--
            ``(A) improve the ability of distressed rural communities 
        to create high-wage jobs, accelerate the formation of new 
        businesses with high-growth potential, and strengthen regional 
        economies, including by helping to build capacity in the 
        applicable region to achieve those goals; and
            ``(B) help rural communities identify and maximize local 
        assets and connect to regional opportunities, networks, and 
        industry clusters that demonstrate high growth potential.
        ``(2) Cost-sharing.--
            ``(A) In general.--The Federal share of the cost of any 
        activity carried out using a grant made under paragraph (1) 
        shall be not greater than 80 percent.
            ``(B) In-kind contributions.--The non-Federal share of the 
        total cost of any activity carried out using a grant made under 
        paragraph (1) may be in the form of donations or in-kind 
        contributions of goods or services fairly valued.
        ``(3) Selection criteria.--In selecting eligible entities to 
    receive grants under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall consider--
            ``(A) the commitment of participating core stakeholders in 
        the jobs accelerator partnership, including a demonstration 
        that--
                ``(i) investment organizations, including venture 
            development organizations, venture capital firms, revolving 
            loan funders, angel investment groups, community lenders, 
            community development financial institutions, rural 
            business investment companies, small business investment 
            companies (as defined in section 103 of the Small Business 
            Investment Act of 1958 (15 U.S.C. 662)), philanthropic 
            organizations, and other institutions focused on expanding 
            access to capital, are committed partners in the jobs 
            accelerator partnership and willing to potentially invest 
            in projects emerging from the jobs accelerator; and
                ``(ii) institutions of higher education, applied 
            research institutions, workforce development entities, and 
            community-based organizations are willing to partner with 
            the jobs accelerator to provide workers with skills 
            relevant to the industry cluster needs of the region, with 
            an emphasis on the use of on-the-job training, registered 
            apprenticeships, customized training, classroom 
            occupational training, or incumbent worker training;
            ``(B) the ability of the eligible entity to provide the 
        non-Federal share as required under paragraph (2);
            ``(C) the identification of a targeted industry cluster;
            ``(D) the ability of the partnership to link rural 
        communities to markets, networks, industry clusters, and other 
        regional opportunities and assets;
            ``(E) other grants or loans of the Secretary and other 
        Federal agencies that the jobs accelerator would be able to 
        leverage; and
            ``(F) prospects for the proposed center and related 
        programming to have sustainability beyond the full maximum 
        length of assistance under this subsection, including the 
        maximum number of renewals.
        ``(4) Grant term and renewals.--
            ``(A) Term.--The initial term of a grant under paragraph 
        (1) shall be 4 years.
            ``(B) Renewal.--The Secretary may extend the term of a 
        grant under paragraph (1) for an additional period of not 
        longer than 2 years if the Secretary is satisfied, using the 
        evaluation under subsection (e)(2), that the grant recipient 
        has successfully established a jobs accelerator and related 
        programming.
        ``(5) Geographic distribution.--To the maximum extent 
    practicable, the Secretary shall provide grants under paragraph (1) 
    for jobs accelerators and related programming in not fewer than 25 
    States at any time.
    ``(c) Grant Amount.--A grant awarded under subsection (b) may be in 
an amount equal to--
        ``(1) not less than $500,000; and
        ``(2) not more than $2,000,000.
    ``(d) Use of Funds.--
        ``(1) In general.--Subject to paragraph (2), funds from a grant 
    awarded under subsection (b) may be used--
            ``(A) to construct, purchase, or equip a building to serve 
        as an innovation center;
            ``(B) to support programs to be carried out at, or in 
        direct partnership with, the jobs accelerator that support the 
        objectives of the jobs accelerator, including--
                ``(i) linking rural communities and entrepreneurs to 
            markets, networks, industry clusters, and other regional 
            opportunities to support high-wage job creation, new 
            business formation, business expansion, and economic 
            growth;
                ``(ii) integrating small businesses into a supply 
            chain;
                ``(iii) creating or expanding commercialization 
            activities for new business formation;
                ``(iv) identifying and building assets in rural 
            communities that are crucial to supporting regional 
            economies;
                ``(v) facilitating the repatriation of high-wage jobs 
            to the United States;
                ``(vi) supporting the deployment of innovative 
            processes, technologies, and products;
                ``(vii) enhancing the capacity of small businesses in 
            regional industry clusters, including small and 
            disadvantaged businesses;
                ``(viii) increasing United States exports and business 
            interaction with international buyers and suppliers;
                ``(ix) developing the skills and expertise of local 
            workforces, entrepreneurs, and institutional partners to 
            meet the needs of employers and prepare workers for high-
            wage jobs in the identified industry clusters, including 
            the upskilling of incumbent workers;
                ``(x) ensuring rural communities have the capacity and 
            ability to carry out projects relating to housing, 
            community facilities, infrastructure, or community and 
            economic development to support regional industry cluster 
            growth; or
                ``(xi) any other activities that the Secretary may 
            determine to be appropriate.
        ``(2) Requirement.--
            ``(A) In general.--Subject to subparagraph (B), not more 
        than 10 percent of a grant awarded under subsection (b) shall 
        be used for indirect costs associated with administering the 
        grant.
            ``(B) Increase.--The Secretary may increase the percentage 
        described in subparagraph (A) on a case-by-case basis.
    ``(e) Annual Activity Report and Evaluation.--Not later than 1 year 
after receiving a grant under this section, and annually thereafter for 
the duration of the grant, an eligible entity shall--
        ``(1) report to the Secretary on the activities funded with the 
    grant; and
        ``(2)(A) evaluate the progress that the eligible entity has 
    made toward the strategic objectives identified in the application 
    for the grant; and
        ``(B) measure that progress using performance measures during 
    the project period, which may include--
            ``(i) high-wage jobs created;
            ``(ii) high-wage jobs retained;
            ``(iii) private investment leveraged;
            ``(iv) businesses improved;
            ``(v) new business formations;
            ``(vi) new products or services commercialized;
            ``(vii) improvement of the value of existing products or 
        services under development;
            ``(viii) regional collaboration, as measured by such 
        metrics as--
                ``(I) the number of organizations actively engaged in 
            the industry cluster;
                ``(II) the number of symposia held by the industry 
            cluster, including organizations that are not located in 
            the immediate region defined by the partnership; and
                ``(III) the number of further cooperative agreements;
            ``(ix) the number of education and training activities 
        relating to innovation;
            ``(x) the number of jobs relocated from outside of the 
        United States to the region;
            ``(xi) the amount and number of new equity investments in 
        industry cluster firms;
            ``(xii) the amount and number of new loans to industry 
        cluster firms;
            ``(xiii) the dollar increase in exports resulting from the 
        project activities;
            ``(xiv) the percentage of employees for which training was 
        provided;
            ``(xv) improvement in sales of participating businesses;
            ``(xvi) improvement in wages paid at participating 
        businesses;
            ``(xvii) improvement in income of participating workers; or
            ``(xviii) any other measure the Secretary determines to be 
        appropriate.
    ``(f) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $10,000,000 for each of fiscal 
years 2019 through 2023.''.
SEC. 6425. DELTA REGIONAL AUTHORITY.
    (a) Authorization of Appropriations.--Section 382M(a) of the 
Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act (7 U.S.C. 2009aa-12(a)) is 
amended by striking ``2008 through 2018'' and inserting ``2019 through 
2023''.
    (b) Termination of Authority.--Section 382N of such Act (7 U.S.C. 
2009aa-13) is amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.
SEC. 6426. RURAL BUSINESS INVESTMENT PROGRAM.
    (a) Definitions.--Section 384A of the Consolidated Farm and Rural 
Development Act (7 U.S.C. 2009cc) is amended--
        (1) in paragraph (2)--
            (A) in the paragraph heading, by striking ``venture''; and
            (B) by striking ``venture''; and
        (2) by striking paragraph (4) and inserting the following:
        ``(4) Equity capital.--The term `equity capital' means--
            ``(A) common or preferred stock or a similar instrument, 
        including subordinated debt with equity features; and
            ``(B) any other type of equity-like financing that might be 
        necessary to facilitate the purposes of this Act, excluding 
        financing such as senior debt or other types of financing that 
        competes with routine loanmaking of commercial lenders.''.
    (b) Purposes.--Section 384B of such Act (7 U.S.C. 2009cc-1) is 
amended--
        (1) in paragraph (1), by striking ``venture''; and
        (2) in paragraph (2)--
            (A) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by striking 
        ``venture''; and
            (B) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``venture''.
    (c) Selection of Rural Business Investment Companies.--Section 
384D(b)(1) of such Act (7 U.S.C. 2009cc-3(b)(1)) is amended by striking 
``developmental venture'' and inserting ``developmental''.
    (d) Fees.--Section 384G of such Act (7 U.S.C. 2009cc-6) is 
amended--
        (1) in subsections (a) and (b), by striking ``a fee that does 
    not exceed $500'' each place it appears and inserting ``such fees 
    as the Secretary considers appropriate, so long as those fees are 
    proportionally equal for each rural business investment company,''; 
    and
        (2) in subsection (c)(2)--
            (A) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``solely to cover the 
        costs of licensing examinations'' and inserting ``as the 
        Secretary considers appropriate''; and
            (B) by striking subparagraph (C) and inserting the 
        following:
            ``(C) shall be in such amounts as the Secretary considers 
        appropriate.''.
    (e) Limitation on Rural Business Investment Companies Controlled by 
Farm Credit System Institutions.--Section 384J(c) of such Act (7 U.S.C. 
2009cc-9(c)) is amended by striking ``25'' and inserting ``50''.
    (f) Flexibility on Sources of Investment or Capital.--Section 
384J(a) of such Act (7 U.S.C. 2009cc-9(a)) is amended--
        (1) by redesignating paragraphs (1) and (2) as subparagraphs 
    (A) and (B), respectively, and indenting appropriately;
        (2) by striking the subsection designation and heading and all 
    that follows through ``Except as'' in the matter preceding 
    subparagraph (A) (as so redesignated) and inserting the following:
    ``(a) Investment.--
        ``(1) In general.--Except as''; and
        (3) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(2) Limitation on requirements.--The Secretary may not 
    require that an entity described in paragraph (1) provide 
    investment or capital that is not required of other companies 
    eligible to apply to operate as a rural business investment company 
    under section 384D(a).''.
SEC. 6427. RURAL BUSINESS INVESTMENT PROGRAM.
    Section 384S of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act (7 
U.S.C. 2009cc-18) is amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
``2023''.

 Subtitle E--Additional Amendments to the Rural Electrification Act of 
                                  1936

SEC. 6501. AMENDMENTS TO SECTION 2 OF THE RURAL ELECTRIFICATION ACT OF 
1936.
    (a) Electric Loan Refinancing.--Section 2(a) of the Rural 
Electrification Act of 1936 (7 U.S.C. 902(a)) is amended by striking 
``loans in'' and inserting ``loans, or refinance loans made by the 
Secretary under this Act, in''.
    (b) Technical Assistance for Rural Electrification Loans.--Section 
2 of such Act (7 U.S.C. 902) is amended by adding at the end the 
following:
    ``(c) Technical Assistance.--Not later than 180 days after the date 
of enactment of this subsection, the Secretary shall enter into a 
memorandum of understanding with the Secretary of Energy under which 
the Secretary of Energy shall provide technical assistance to the Rural 
Utilities Service on loans to be made under subsection (a) of this 
section and section 4(a).''.
SEC. 6502. LOANS FOR TELEPHONE SERVICE.
    Section 201 of the Rural Electrification Act of 1936 (7 U.S.C. 922) 
is amended--
        (1) by striking the section designation and all that follows 
    through ``From such sums'' and inserting the following:
    ``SEC. 201. LOANS FOR TELEPHONE SERVICE.
    ``From such sums'';
        (2) in the second sentence, by striking ``associations:'' and 
    all that follows through ``same subscribers.'' and inserting 
    ``associations.''; and
        (3) in the sixth sentence, by striking ``, nor shall such loan 
    be made in any State'' and all that follows through ``writing)'' in 
    the seventh sentence and inserting the following: ``and''.
SEC. 6503. CUSHION OF CREDIT PAYMENTS PROGRAM.
    Section 313(a) of the Rural Electrification Act of 1936 (7 U.S.C. 
940c(a)) is amended--
        (1) in paragraph (1)--
            (A) by striking ``(1) In general.--The'' and inserting the 
        following:
        ``(1) In general.--
            ``(A) Development and promotion of program.--The''; and
            (B) by adding after and below the end the following:
            ``(B) Termination.--Effective on the date of enactment of 
        this subparagraph, no deposits may be made under subparagraph 
        (A).'';
        (2) in paragraph (2)--
            (A) by striking ``(2) Interest.--Amounts'' and inserting 
        the following:
        ``(2) Interest.--
            ``(A) In general.--Amounts''; and
            (B) by adding after and below the end the following:
            ``(B) Reduction.--Notwithstanding subparagraph (A), amounts 
        in each cushion of credit account shall accrue interest to the 
        borrower at a rate equal to--
                ``(i) 4 percent per annum in fiscal year 2021; and
                ``(ii) the then applicable 1-year Treasury rate 
            thereafter.''; and
        (3) in paragraph (3)--
            (A) by striking ``(3) Balance.--A'' and inserting the 
        following:
        ``(3) Balance.--
            ``(A) In general.--A''; and
            (B) by after and below the end the following:
            ``(B) Prepayment.--Notwithstanding subparagraph (A) and 
        subject to subparagraph (C), beginning on the date of the 
        enactment of this subparagraph and ending with September 30, 
        2020, a borrower may, at the sole discretion of the borrower, 
        reduce the balance of its cushion of credit account if the 
        amount obtained from the reduction is used to prepay loans made 
        or guaranteed under this Act.
            ``(C) No prepayment premium.--Notwithstanding any other 
        provision of this Act, no prepayment premium shall be imposed 
        or collected with respect to that portion of a loan that is 
        prepaid by a borrower in accordance with subparagraph (B).
            ``(D) Mandatory funding.--Notwithstanding section 504 of 
        the Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990, out of any funds in the 
        Treasury not otherwise appropriated, the Secretary of the 
        Treasury shall make available such sums as necessary to cover 
        any loan modification costs as defined in section 502 of such 
        Act.''.
SEC. 6504. EXTENSION OF THE RURAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT LOAN AND GRANT 
PROGRAM.
    (a) Section 12(b)(3)(D) of the Rural Electrification Act of 1936 (7 
U.S.C. 912(b)(3)(D)) is amended by striking ``313(b)(2)(A)'' and 
inserting ``313(b)(2)''.
    (b) Section 313(b)(2) of such Act (7 U.S.C. 940c(b)(2)) is 
amended--
        (1) by striking all that precedes ``shall maintain'' and 
    inserting the following:
        ``(2) Rural economic development subaccount.--The Secretary''; 
    and
        (2) by striking ``the 5 percent'' and all that follows through 
    subparagraph (E) and inserting ``5 percent.''.
    (c) Title III of such Act (7 U.S.C. 931-940h) is amended by 
inserting after section 313A the following:
``SEC. 313B. RURAL DEVELOPMENT LOANS AND GRANTS.
    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary shall provide grants or zero 
interest loans to borrowers under this Act for the purpose of promoting 
rural economic development and job creation projects, including funding 
for project feasibility studies, start-up costs, incubator projects, 
and other reasonable expenses for the purpose of fostering rural 
development.
    ``(b) Repayments.--In the case of zero interest loans, the 
Secretary shall establish such reasonable repayment terms as will 
encourage borrower participation.
    ``(c) Proceeds.--All proceeds from the repayment of such loans made 
under this section shall be returned to the subaccount that the 
Secretary shall maintain in accordance with sections 313(b)(2) and 
313B(f).
    ``(d) Number of Grants.--Loans and grants required under this 
section shall be made to the full extent of the amounts made available 
under subsection (e).
    ``(e) Funding.--
        ``(1) Discretionary funding.--In addition to other funds that 
    are available to carry out this section, there is authorized to be 
    appropriated not more than $10,000,000 for each of fiscal years 
    2019 through 2023 to carry out this section, to remain available 
    until expended.
        ``(2) Mandatory funding.--Of the funds of the Commodity Credit 
    Corporation, the Secretary shall credit to the subaccount to use 
    for the cost of grants and loans under this section $5,000,000 for 
    each of fiscal years 2022 and 2023, to remain available until 
    expended.
        ``(3) Other funds.--In addition to the funds described in 
    paragraphs (1) and (2), the Secretary shall use, without fiscal 
    year limitation, to provide grants and loans under this section--
            ``(A) the interest differential sums credited to the 
        subaccount described in subsection (c); and
            ``(B) subject to section 313A(e)(2), the fees described in 
        subsection (c)(4) of such section.
    ``(f) Maintenance of Account.--The Secretary shall maintain the 
subaccount described in section 313(b)(2), as in effect in fiscal year 
2017, for purposes of carrying out this section.''.
    (d) Section 313A of the Rural Electrification Act of 1936 (7 U.S.C. 
940c-1) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (c)(4)--
            (A) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``maintained under 
        section 313(b)(2)(A)'' and inserting ``that shall be maintained 
        as required by sections 313(b)(2) and 313B(f)''; and
            (B) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``313(b)(2)(B)'' and 
        inserting ``313(b)(2)''; and
        (2) in subsection (e)(2), by striking ``maintained under 
    section 313(b)(2)(A)'' and inserting ``required to be maintained by 
    sections 313(b)(2) and 313B(f)''.
    (e)(1) Subject to section 313B(e) of the Rural Electrification Act 
of 1936 (as added by this section), the Secretary of Agriculture shall 
carry out the loan and grant program required under such section in the 
same manner as the loan and grant program under section 313(b)(2) of 
such Act is carried out on the day before the date of the enactment of 
this Act, until such time as any regulations necessary to carry out the 
amendments made by this section are fully implemented.
    (2) Paragraph (1) shall take effect on the date of the enactment of 
this Act.
SEC. 6505. GUARANTEES FOR BONDS AND NOTES ISSUED FOR ELECTRIFICATION OR 
TELEPHONE PURPOSES.
    (a) In General.--Section 313A of the Rural Electrification Act of 
1936 (7 U.S.C. 940c-1) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (a)--
            (A) by striking ``Subject to'' and inserting the following:
        ``(1) Guarantees.--Subject to'';
            (B) in paragraph (1) (as so designated), by striking 
        ``basis'' and all that follows through the period at the end 
        and inserting ``basis, if the proceeds of the bonds or notes 
        are used to make utility infrastructure loans, or refinance 
        bonds or notes issued for those purposes, to a borrower that 
        has at any time received, or is eligible to receive, a loan 
        under this Act.''; and
            (C) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(2) Terms.--A bond or note guaranteed under this section 
    shall, by agreement between the Secretary and the borrower--
            ``(A) be for a term of 30 years (or another term of years 
        that the Secretary determines is appropriate); and
            ``(B) be repaid by the borrower--
                ``(i) in periodic installments of principal and 
            interest;
                ``(ii) in periodic installments of interest and, at the 
            end of the term of the bond or note, as applicable, by the 
            repayment of the outstanding principal; or
                ``(iii) through a combination of the methods described 
            in clauses (i) and (ii).'';
        (2) in subsection (b)--
            (A) in paragraph (1), by striking ``electrification'' and 
        all that follows through the period at the end and inserting 
        ``purposes described in subsection (a)(1).'';
            (B) by striking paragraph (2);
            (C) by redesignating paragraphs (3) and (4) as paragraphs 
        (2) and (3), respectively; and
            (D) in paragraph (2) (as so redesignated)--
                (i) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``for 
            electrification or telephone purposes'' and inserting ``for 
            eligible purposes described in subsection (a)(1)''; and
                (ii) in subparagraph (C), by striking ``subsection 
            (a)'' and inserting ``subsection (a)(1)''; and
        (3) in subsection (f), by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
    ``2023''.
    (b) Administration.--Beginning on the date of enactment of the 
Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018, the Secretary shall continue to 
carry out section 313A of the Rural Electrification Act of 1936 (7 
U.S.C. 940c-1) (as amended by subsection (a)) under a Notice of 
Solicitation of Applications until the date on which any regulations 
necessary to carry out the amendments made by subsection (a) are fully 
implemented.
SEC. 6506. EXPANSION OF 911 ACCESS.
    Section 315 of the Rural Electrification Act of 1936 (7 U.S.C. 
940e) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (a)(2), by striking ``commercial or 
    transportation'' and inserting ``critical transportation-related''; 
    and
        (2) in subsection (d), by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
    ``2023''.
SEC. 6507. CYBERSECURITY AND GRID SECURITY IMPROVEMENTS.
    Title III of the Rural Electrification Act of 1936 (7 U.S.C. 931 et 
seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``SEC. 319. CYBERSECURITY AND GRID SECURITY IMPROVEMENTS.
    ``(a) Definition of Cybersecurity and Grid Security Improvements.--
In this section, the term `cybersecurity and grid security 
improvements' means investment in the development, expansion, and 
modernization of rural utility infrastructure that addresses known 
cybersecurity and grid security risks.
    ``(b) Loans and Loan Guarantees.--The Secretary may make or 
guarantee loans under this title and title I for cybersecurity and grid 
security improvements.''.

                      Subtitle F--Program Repeals

SEC. 6601. ELIMINATION OF UNFUNDED PROGRAMS.
    (a) Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act.--
        (1) Repealers.--The following provisions of the Consolidated 
    Farm and Rural Development Act are hereby repealed:
            (A) Section 306(a)(23) (7 U.S.C. 1926(a)(23)).
            (B) Section 310B(f) (7 U.S.C. 1932(f)).
            (C) Section 379 (7 U.S.C. 2008n).
            (D) Section 379A (7 U.S.C. 2008o).
            (E) Section 379C (7 U.S.C. 2008q).
            (F) Section 379D (7 U.S.C. 2008r).
            (G) Section 379F (7 U.S.C. 2008t).
            (H) Subtitle I (7 U.S.C. 2009dd-2009dd-7).
        (2) Conforming amendment.--Section 333A(h) of such Act (7 
    U.S.C. 1983a(h)) is amended by striking ``310B(f),''.
    (b) Rural Electrification Act of 1936.--Section 314 of the Rural 
Electrification Act of 1936 (7 U.S.C. 940d) is hereby repealed.
SEC. 6602. REPEAL OF RURAL TELEPHONE BANK.
    (a) Repeal.--Title IV of the Rural Electrification Act of 1936 (7 
U.S.C. 941-950b) is repealed.
    (b) Conforming Amendments.--
        (1) Section 18 of such Act (7 U.S.C. 918) is amended in each of 
    subsections (a) and (b) by striking ``and the Governor of the 
    telephone bank''.
        (2) Section 204 of such Act (7 U.S.C. 925) is amended by 
    striking ``and the Governor of the telephone bank''.
        (3) Section 205(a) of such Act (7 U.S.C. 926) is amended--
            (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by striking 
        ``and the Governor of the telephone bank''; and
            (B) in paragraph (2), by striking ``or the Governor of the 
        telephone bank''.
        (4) Section 206(a) of such Act (7 U.S.C. 927(a)) is amended--
            (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by striking 
        ``and the Governor of the telephone bank'';
            (B) by striking paragraph (1);
            (C) in paragraph (4), by striking ``or 408''; and
            (D) by redesignating paragraphs (2) through (4) as 
        paragraphs (1) through (3), respectively.
        (5) Section 206(b) of such Act (7 U.S.C. 927(b)) is amended--
            (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by striking 
        ``and the Governor of the telephone bank'';
            (B) in paragraph (1), by striking ``, or a Rural Telephone 
        Bank loan,''; and
            (C) in paragraph (2), by striking ``, the Rural Telephone 
        Bank,''.
        (6) Section 207(1) of such Act (7 U.S.C. 928(1)) is amended--
            (A) by striking ``305,'' and inserting ``305 or''; and
            (B) by striking ``, or a loan under section 408,''.
        (7) Section 301 of such Act (7 U.S.C. 931) is amended--
            (A) in paragraph (3), by striking ``except for net 
        collection proceeds previously appropriated for the purchase of 
        class A stock in the Rural Telephone Bank,'';
            (B) by adding ``or'' at the end of paragraph (4);
            (C) by striking ``; and'' at the end of paragraph (5) and 
        inserting a period; and
            (D) by striking paragraph (6).
        (8) Section 305(d)(2)(B) of such Act (7 U.S.C. 935(d)(2)(B)) is 
    amended--
            (A) in clause (i), by striking ``and a loan under section 
        408''; and
            (B) in clause (ii), by striking ``and under section 408'' 
        each place it appears.
        (9) Section 305(d)(3)(C) of such Act (7 U.S.C. 935(d)(3)(C)) is 
    amended by striking ``and section 408(b)(4)(C), the Secretary and 
    the Governor of the telephone bank'' and inserting ``the 
    Secretary''.
        (10) Section 306 of such Act (7 U.S.C. 936) is amended by 
    striking ``the Rural Telephone Bank, National Rural Utilities 
    Cooperative Finance Corporation,'' and inserting ``the National 
    Rural Utilities Cooperative Finance Corporation''.
        (11) Section 309 of such Act (7 U.S.C. 739) is amended by 
    striking the last sentence.
        (12) Section 2352(b) of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, 
    and Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 901 note) is amended by striking 
    ``the Rural Telephone Bank and''.
        (13) The first section of Public Law 92-12 (7 U.S.C. 921a) is 
    repealed.
        (14) The first section of Public Law 92-324 (7 U.S.C. 921b) is 
    repealed.
        (15) Section 1414 of the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 
    1987 (7 U.S.C. 944a) is repealed.
        (16) Section 1411 of the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 
    1987 (7 U.S.C. 948 notes) is amended by striking subsections (a) 
    and (b).
        (17) Section 3.8(b)(1)(A) of the Farm Credit Act of 1971 (12 
    U.S.C. 2129(b)(1)(A)) is amended by striking ``or a loan or loan 
    commitment from the Rural Telephone Bank,''.
        (18) Section 105(d) of the National Consumer Cooperative Bank 
    Act (12 U.S.C. 3015(d)) is amended by striking ``the Rural 
    Telephone Bank,''.
        (19) Section 9101 of title 31, United States Code, is amended--
            (A) in paragraph (2), by striking subparagraph (H) and 
        redesignating subparagraphs (I), (J), and (K) as subparagraphs 
        (H), (I), and (J), respectively; and
            (B) in paragraph (3), by striking subparagraphs (K) and (O) 
        and redesignating subparagraphs (L) through (N) and (P) through 
        (R) as subparagraphs (K) through (P), respectively.
        (20) Section 9108(d)(2) of title 31, United States Code, is 
    amended by striking ``the Rural Telephone Bank (when the ownership, 
    control, and operation of the Bank are converted under section 
    410(a) of the Rural Electrification Act of 1936 (7 U.S.C. 
    950(a))),''.
SEC. 6603. AMENDMENTS TO LOCAL TV ACT.
    The Launching Our Communities' Access to Local Television Act of 
2000 (title X of H.R. 5548 of the 106th Congress, as enacted by section 
1(a)(2) of Public Law 106-553; 114 Stat. 2762A-128) is amended--
        (1) by striking the title heading and inserting the following:

       ``TITLE X--SATELLITE CARRIER RETRANSMISSION ELIGIBILITY'';

        (2) by striking sections 1001 through 1007 and 1009 through 
    1012; and
        (3) by redesignating section 1008 as section 1001.

                   Subtitle G--Technical Corrections

SEC. 6701. CORRECTIONS RELATING TO THE CONSOLIDATED FARM AND RURAL 
DEVELOPMENT ACT.
    (a)(1) Section 306(a)(19)(A) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural 
Development Act (7 U.S.C. 1926(a)(19)(A)) is amended by inserting after 
``nonprofit corporations'' the following: ``, Indian Tribes (as defined 
in section 4(e) of the Indian Self-Determination and Education 
Assistance Act)''.
    (2) The amendment made by this subsection shall take effect as if 
included in section 773 of the Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and 
Drug Administration, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2001 
(H.R. 5426 of the 106th Congress, as enacted by Public Law 106-387 (114 
Stat. 1549A-45)) in lieu of the amendment made by such section.
    (b)(1) Section 309A(b) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural 
Development Act (7 U.S.C. 1929a(b)) is amended by striking ``and 
section 308''.
    (2) The amendment made by this subsection shall take effect as if 
included in the enactment of section 661(c)(2) of the Federal 
Agricultural Improvement and Reform Act of 1996 (Public Law 104-127).
    (c) Section 310B(c)(3)(A)(v) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural 
Development Act (7 U.S.C. 1932(c)(3)(A)(v)) is amended by striking 
``and'' after the semicolon and inserting ``or''.
    (d)(1) Section 310B(e)(5)(F) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural 
Development Act (7 U.S.C. 1932(e)(5)(F)) is amended by inserting ``, 
except that the Secretary shall not require non-Federal financial 
support in an amount that is greater than 5 percent in the case of a 
1994 institution (as defined in section 532 of the Equity in 
Educational Land-Grant Status Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 301 note; Public 
Law 103-382))'' before the period at the end.
    (2) The amendment made by this subsection shall take effect as if 
included in the enactment of section 6015 of the Farm Security and 
Rural Investment Act of 2002 (Public Law 107-171).
    (e)(1) Section 381E(d)(3) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural 
Development Act (7 U.S.C. 2009d(d)(3)) is amended by striking 
subparagraph (A) and redesignating subparagraphs (B) and (C) as 
subparagraphs (A) and (B), respectively.
    (2) The amendment made by paragraph (1) shall take effect as if 
included in the enactment of section 6012(b) of the Agricultural Act of 
2014 (Public Law 113-79).
    (f)(1) Section 382A of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development 
Act (7 U.S.C. 2009aa) is amended by adding at the end the following:
        ``(4) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the State of 
    Alabama shall be a full member of the Delta Regional Authority and 
    shall be entitled to all rights and privileges that said membership 
    affords to all other participating States in the Delta Regional 
    Authority.''.
    (2) The amendment made by this subsection shall take effect as if 
included in the enactment of section 153(b) of division B of H.R. 5666, 
as introduced in the 106th Congress, and as enacted by section 1(4) of 
the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2001 (Appendix D of Public Law 
106-554; 114 Stat. 2763A-252).
    (g) Section 382E(a)(1)(B) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural 
Development Act (7 U.S.C.2009aa-4(a)(1)(B)) is amended by moving clause 
(iv) 2 ems to the right.
    (h) Section 383G(c) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development 
Act (7 U.S.C. 2009bb-5(c)) is amended--
        (1) in the subsection heading by striking ``Telecommunication 
    Renewable Energy,,'' and inserting ``Telecommunication, Renewable 
    Energy,''; and
        (2) in the text, by striking ``,,'' and inserting a comma.
SEC. 6702. CORRECTIONS RELATING TO THE RURAL ELECTRIFICATION ACT OF 
1936.
    Section 201 of the Rural Electrification Act of 1936 (7 U.S.C. 922) 
is amended--
        (1) in the 3rd sentence by striking ``wildest'' and inserting 
    ``widest''; and
        (2) in the 6th sentence, by striking ``centifies'' and 
    inserting ``certifies''.

          TITLE VII--RESEARCH, EXTENSION, AND RELATED MATTERS
  Subtitle A--National Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching 
                           Policy Act of 1977

SEC. 7101. PURPOSES OF AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH, EXTENSION, AND EDUCATION.
    Section 1402 of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and 
Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3101) is amended--
        (1) in paragraph (7), by striking ``and'' at the end;
        (2) in paragraph (8), by striking the period at the end and 
    inserting ``; and''; and
        (3) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(9) support international collaboration that leverages 
    resources and advances priority food and agricultural interests of 
    the United States, such as--
            ``(A) addressing emerging plant and animal diseases;
            ``(B) improving crop varieties and animal breeds; and
            ``(C) developing safe, efficient, and nutritious food 
        systems.''.
SEC. 7102. MATTERS RELATED TO CERTAIN SCHOOL DESIGNATIONS AND 
DECLARATIONS.
    (a) In General.--Section 1404(14) of the National Agricultural 
Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 
3103(14)) is amended--
        (1) by amending subparagraph (A) to read as follows:
            ``(A) In general.--
                ``(i) Definition.--The terms `NLGCA Institution' and 
            `non-land-grant college of agriculture' mean a public 
            college or university offering a baccalaureate or higher 
            degree in the study of agricultural sciences, forestry, or 
            both in any area of study specified in clause (ii).
                ``(ii) Clarification.--For purposes of clause (i), an 
            area of study specified in this clause is any of the 
            following:

                    ``(I) Agriculture.
                    ``(II) Agricultural business and management.
                    ``(III) Agricultural economics.
                    ``(IV) Agricultural mechanization.
                    ``(V) Agricultural production operations.
                    ``(VI) Aquaculture.
                    ``(VII) Agricultural and food products processing.
                    ``(VIII) Agricultural and domestic animal services.
                    ``(IX) Equestrian or equine studies.
                    ``(X) Applied horticulture or horticulture 
                operations.
                    ``(XI) Ornamental horticulture.
                    ``(XII) Greenhouse operations and management.
                    ``(XIII) Turf and turfgrass management.
                    ``(XIV) Plant nursery operations and management.
                    ``(XV) Floriculture or floristry operations and 
                management.
                    ``(XVI) International agriculture.
                    ``(XVII) Agricultural public services.
                    ``(XVIII) Agricultural and extension education 
                services.
                    ``(XIX) Agricultural communication or agricultural 
                journalism.
                    ``(XX) Animal sciences.
                    ``(XXI) Food science.
                    ``(XXII) Plant sciences.
                    ``(XXIII) Soil sciences.
                    ``(XXIV) Forestry.
                    ``(XXV) Forest sciences and biology.
                    ``(XXVI) Natural resources or conservation.
                    ``(XXVII) Natural resources management and policy.
                    ``(XXVIII) Natural resource economics.
                    ``(XXIX) Urban forestry.
                    ``(XXX) Wood science and wood products or pulp or 
                paper technology.
                    ``(XXXI) Range science and management.
                    ``(XXXII) Agricultural engineering.
                    ``(XXXIII) Any other area, as determined 
                appropriate by the Secretary.''; and

        (2) in subparagraph (C)--
            (A) in the matter preceding clause (i), by inserting ``any 
        institution designated under'' after ``include'';
            (B) by striking clause (i); and
            (C) in clause (ii)--
                (i) by striking ``(ii) any institution designated 
            under--'';
                (ii) by striking subclause (IV);
                (iii) in subclause (II), by adding ``or'' at the end;
                (iv) in subclause (III), by striking ``; or'' at the 
            end and inserting a period; and
                (v) by redesignating subclauses (I), (II), and (III) 
            (as so amended) as clauses (i), (ii), and (iii), 
            respectively, and by moving the margins of such clauses (as 
            so redesignated) two ems to the left.
    (b) Designation Review.--
        (1) In general.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the 
    enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall establish a process to 
    review each designated NLGCA Institution (as defined in section 
    1404(14)(A) of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and 
    Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3103(14)(A))) to ensure 
    compliance with such section, as amended by this subsection.
        (2) Revocation.--An NLGCA Institution that the Secretary 
    determines under subparagraph (A) to be not in compliance shall 
    have the designation of such institution revoked.
SEC. 7103. NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH, EXTENSION, EDUCATION, AND 
ECONOMICS ADVISORY BOARD.
    Section 1408 of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and 
Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3123) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (b)--
            (A) in paragraph (1), by striking ``25'' and inserting 
        ``15''; and
            (B) by amending paragraph (3) to read as follows:
        ``(3) Membership categories.--The Advisory Board shall consist 
    of members from each of the following categories:
            ``(A) 3 members representing national farm or producer 
        organizations, which may include members--
                ``(i) representing farm cooperatives;
                ``(ii) who are producers actively engaged in the 
            production of a food animal commodity and who are 
            recommended by a coalition of national livestock 
            organizations;
                ``(iii) who are producers actively engaged in the 
            production of a plant commodity and who are recommended by 
            a coalition of national crop organizations; or
                ``(iv) who are producers actively engaged in 
            aquaculture and who are recommended by a coalition of 
            national aquacultural organizations.
            ``(B) 2 members representing academic or research 
        societies, which may include members representing--
                ``(i) a national food animal science society;
                ``(ii) a national crop, soil, agronomy, horticulture, 
            plant pathology, or weed science society;
                ``(iii) a national food science organization;
                ``(iv) a national human health association; or
                ``(v) a national nutritional science society.
            ``(C) 5 members representing agricultural research, 
        extension, and education, which shall include each of the 
        following:
                ``(i) 1 member representing the land-grant colleges and 
            universities eligible to receive funds under the Act of 
            July 2, 1862 (7 U.S.C. 301 et seq.).
                ``(ii) 1 member representing the land-grant colleges 
            and universities eligible to receive funds under the Act of 
            August 30, 1890 (7 U.S.C. 321 et seq.), including Tuskegee 
            University.
                ``(iii) 1 member representing the 1994 Institutions (as 
            defined in section 532 of the Equity in Educational Land-
            Grant Status Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 301 note; Public Law 
            103-382)).
                ``(iv) 1 member representing NLGCA Institutions or 
            Hispanic-serving institutions.
                ``(v) 1 member representing American colleges of 
            veterinary medicine.
            ``(D) 5 members representing industry, consumer, or rural 
        interests, including members representing--
                ``(i) entities engaged in transportation of food and 
            agricultural products to domestic and foreign markets;
                ``(ii) food retailing and marketing interests;
                ``(iii) food and fiber processors;
                ``(iv) rural economic development interests;
                ``(v) a national consumer interest group;
                ``(vi) a national forestry group;
                ``(vii) a national conservation or natural resource 
            group;
                ``(viii) a national social science association;
                ``(ix) private sector organizations involved in 
            international development; or
                ``(x) a national association of agricultural 
            economists.'';
        (2) in subsection (c)--
            (A) in paragraph (1)--
                (i) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by 
            striking ``review and'' and inserting ``make 
            recommendations, review, and'';
                (ii) by striking subparagraph (A) and inserting the 
            following new subparagraph:
            ``(A) long-term and short-term national policies and 
        priorities consistent with the--
                ``(i) purposes specified in section 1402 for 
            agricultural research, extension, education, and economics; 
            and
                ``(ii) priority areas of the Agriculture and Food 
            Research Initiative specified in subsection (b)(2) of the 
            Competitive, Special, and Facilities Research Grant Act (7 
            U.S.C. 3157(b)(2));''; and
                (iii) by amending subparagraph (B) to read as follows:
            ``(B) the annual establishment of national priorities that 
        are in accordance with the priority areas of the Agriculture 
        and Food Research Initiative specified in subsection (b)(2) of 
        the Competitive, Special, and Facilities Research Grant Act (7 
        U.S.C. 3157(b)(2)).'';
            (B) in paragraph (2), by inserting ``and make 
        recommendations to the Secretary based on such evaluation'' 
        after ``priorities''; and
            (C) in paragraph (4), by inserting ``and make 
        recommendations on'' after ``review''; and
        (3) in subsection (h), by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
    ``2023''.
SEC. 7104. SPECIALTY CROP COMMITTEE.
    Section 1408A(a)(2) of the National Agricultural Research, 
Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3123a(a)(2)) is 
amended--
        (1) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``speciality'' and 
    inserting ``specialty'';
        (2) in subparagraph (B)--
            (A) in the matter preceding clause (i), by striking ``9'' 
        and inserting ``11''; and
            (B) in clause (i), by striking ``Three'' and inserting 
        ``Five''; and
        (3) in subparagraph (D), by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
    ``2023''.
SEC. 7105. RENEWABLE ENERGY COMMITTEE DISCONTINUED.
    Subtitle B of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and 
Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3121 et seq.) is amended by 
striking section 1408B. 
SEC. 7106. VETERINARY SERVICES GRANT PROGRAM.
    Section 1415B of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and 
Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3151b) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (d)(1), by adding at the end the following:
            ``(F) To expose students in grades 11 and 12 to education 
        and career opportunities in food animal medicine.''; and
        (2) in subsection (h)--
            (A) by striking the subsection designation and heading and 
        inserting the following:
    ``(h) Authorization of Appropriations.--
        ``(1) In general.--''; and
            (B) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(2) Priority.--From amounts made available for grants under 
    this section, the Secretary shall prioritize grant awards for 
    programs or activities with a focus on the practice of food animal 
    medicine. ''.
SEC. 7107. GRANTS AND FELLOWSHIPS FOR FOOD AND AGRICULTURE SCIENCES 
EDUCATION.
    Section 1417(m)(2) of the National Agricultural Research, 
Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3152(m)(2)) is 
amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.
SEC. 7108. AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD POLICY RESEARCH CENTERS.
    Section 1419A(e) of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, 
and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3155(e)) is amended by 
striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.
SEC. 7109. EDUCATION GRANTS TO ALASKA NATIVE SERVING INSTITUTIONS AND 
NATIVE HAWAIIAN SERVING INSTITUTIONS.
    Section 1419B of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and 
Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3156) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (a)(3), by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
    ``2023''; and
        (2) in subsection (b)(3), by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
    ``2023''.
SEC. 7110. NEXT GENERATION AGRICULTURE TECHNOLOGY CHALLENGE.
    Subtitle C of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and 
Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3151 et seq.) is amended by 
adding at the end the following:
``SEC. 1419C. NEXT GENERATION AGRICULTURE TECHNOLOGY CHALLENGE.
    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary shall establish a next generation 
agriculture technology challenge competition to provide an incentive 
for the development of innovative mobile technology that removes 
barriers to entry in the marketplace for beginning farmers and ranchers 
(as defined in subsection (a) of section 2501 of the Food, Agriculture, 
Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 2279)).
    ``(b) Amount.--The Secretary may award not more than $1,000,000 in 
the aggregate to 1 or more winners of the competition under subsection 
(a).''.
SEC. 7111. LAND-GRANT DESIGNATION.
    Subtitle C of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and 
Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3151 et seq.), as amended by 
section 7110, is further amended by adding at the end the following new 
section:
``SEC. 1419D. LAND-GRANT DESIGNATION.
    ``(a) Prohibition on Designation.--
        ``(1) In general.--Notwithstanding any other provision of law 
    and except as provided in paragraphs (2) and (3), beginning on the 
    date of the enactment of this section, no additional entity may be 
    designated as eligible to receive funds under a covered program.
        ``(2) 1994 institutions.--The prohibition under paragraph (1) 
    with respect to the designation of an entity eligible to receive 
    funds under a covered program shall not apply in the case of the 
    certification of a 1994 Institution under section 2 of Public Law 
    87-788 (commonly known as the ``McIntire-Stennis Cooperative 
    Forestry Act'') (16 U.S.C. 582a-1).
        ``(3) Extraordinary circumstances.--In the case of 
    extraordinary circumstances or a situation that would lead to an 
    inequitable result, as determined by the Secretary, the Secretary 
    may determine that an entity designated after the date of enactment 
    of this section is eligible to receive funds under a covered 
    program.
    ``(b) State Funding.--No State shall receive an increase in funding 
under a covered program as a result of the State's designation of 
additional entities as eligible to receive such funding.
    ``(c) Covered Program Defined.--For purposes of this section, the 
term `covered program' means agricultural research, extension, 
education, and related programs or grants established or available 
under any of the following:
        ``(1) Subsections (b), (c), and (d) of section 3 of the Smith-
    Lever Act (7 U.S.C. 343).
        ``(2) The Hatch Act of 1887 (7 U.S.C. 361a et seq.).
        ``(3) Sections 1444, 1445, and 1447.
        ``(4) Public Law 87-788 (commonly known as the McIntire-Stennis 
    Cooperative Forestry Act; 16 U.S.C. 582a et seq.).
    ``(d) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this section shall be 
construed as limiting eligibility for a capacity and infrastructure 
program specified in section 251(f)(1)(C) of the Department of 
Agriculture Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 6971(f)(1)(C)) that is 
not a covered program.''.
SEC. 7112. NUTRITION EDUCATION PROGRAM.
    Section 1425 of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and 
Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3175) is amended--
        (1) by redesignating subsection (f) as subsection (g);
        (2) by inserting after subsection (e) the following:
    ``(f) Coordination.--Projects carried out with funds made available 
under section 3(d) of the Act of May 8, 1914 (7 U.S.C. 343(d)), to 
carry out the program established under subsection (b) may be 
coordinated with the nutrition education and obesity prevention grant 
program under section 28 of the Food and Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 
U.S.C. 2036a) or another health promotion or nutrition improvement 
strategy, whether publicly or privately funded, as determined by the 
Secretary.''; and
        (3) in subsection (g) (as so redesignated), by striking 
    ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.
SEC. 7113. CONTINUING ANIMAL HEALTH AND DISEASE RESEARCH PROGRAMS.
    Section 1433(c)(1) of the National Agricultural Research, 
Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3195(c)(1)) is 
amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.
SEC. 7114. CARRYOVER OF FUNDS FOR EXTENSION AT 1890 LAND-GRANT 
COLLEGES, INCLUDING TUSKEGEE UNIVERSITY.
    Section 1444(a) of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, 
and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3221(a)) is amended by 
striking paragraph (4).
SEC. 7115. EXTENSION AND AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH AT 1890 LAND-GRANT 
COLLEGES, INCLUDING TUSKEGEE UNIVERSITY.
    (a) Extension.--Section 1444(b) of the National Agricultural 
Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3221(b)) 
is amended--
        (1) in the undesignated matter following paragraph (2)(B)--
            (A) by striking ``paragraph (2) of this subsection'' and 
        inserting ``this paragraph''; and
            (B) by striking ``In computing'' and inserting the 
        following:
            ``(C) In computing'';
        (2) in paragraph (2)--
            (A) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``Of the remainder'' 
        and inserting ``Except as provided in paragraph (4), of the 
        remainder''; and
            (B) by striking ``(2) any funds'' and inserting the 
        following:
        ``(3) Additional amount.--Any funds'';
        (3) in paragraph (1)--
            (A) by striking ``are allocated'' and inserting ``were 
        allocated''; and
            (B) by striking ``; and'' and inserting ``, as so 
        designated as of that date.'';
        (4) by striking ``(b) Beginning'' in the matter preceding 
    paragraph (1) and all that follows through ``any funds'' in 
    paragraph (1) and inserting the following:
    ``(b) Distribution of Funds.--
        ``(1) In general.--Funds made available under this section 
    shall be distributed among eligible institutions in accordance with 
    this subsection.
        ``(2) Base amount.--Any funds''; and
        (5) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(4) Special amounts.--
            ``(A) Definitions.--In this paragraph:
                ``(i) Covered fiscal year.--The term `covered fiscal 
            year' means the fiscal year for which the qualified 
            eligible institution first received an allocation of 
            $3,000,000 under subparagraph (B)(i).
                ``(ii) Other eligible institution.--The term `other 
            eligible institution' means an eligible institution, other 
            than the qualified eligible institution, receiving an 
            allocation of funds under this section.
                ``(iii) Qualified eligible institution.--The term 
            `qualified eligible institution' means the eligible 
            institution described in subparagraph (B)(i).
            ``(B) Fiscal year 2019, 2020, 2021, or 2022.--
                ``(i) In general.--Subject to clause (ii), for 1 of 
            fiscal year 2019, 2020, 2021, or 2022, if the calculation 
            under paragraph (3)(B) would result in a distribution for a 
            fiscal year of less than $3,000,000 to an eligible 
            institution that first received funds under this section on 
            a date occurring after the date of enactment of the 
            Agricultural Act of 2014 (Public Law 113-79; 128 Stat. 649) 
            and before September 30, 2018, that institution shall 
            receive an allocation of $3,000,000 for that fiscal year.
                ``(ii) Limitation.--Clause (i) shall apply only if 
            amounts are appropriated under this section in an amount 
            sufficient to provide that each other eligible institution 
            receiving an allocation of funds under this section for 
            fiscal year 2019, 2020, 2021, or 2022, as applicable, 
            receives not less than the amount of funds received by that 
            other eligible institution under this section for the 
            preceding fiscal year.
            ``(C) Subsequent fiscal years.--
                ``(i) Minimum additional funding amounts.--Subject to 
            clauses (ii) and (iii), for each fiscal year following the 
            covered fiscal year--

                    ``(I) the qualified eligible institution shall 
                receive an allocation under this subsection of at least 
                $3,000,000; and
                    ``(II) each other eligible institution shall 
                receive an allocation under this subsection of at least 
                the amount received by such other eligible institution 
                under this subsection for the covered fiscal year.

                ``(ii) Shortfall of special amounts.--

                    ``(I) Applicability.--This clause shall apply to 
                any fiscal year following the covered fiscal year and 
                for which the total amount appropriated under this 
                section is insufficient to provide for the minimum 
                additional funding amounts described in clause (i).
                    ``(II) Reductions in allocations.--In the case of a 
                fiscal year to which this clause applies, reductions in 
                allocations shall be made proportionally from the 
                qualified eligible institution and from each other 
                eligible institution based on the increased amounts (if 
                any) that the qualified eligible institution and each 
                other eligible institution were allocated for the 
                covered fiscal year as compared to the fiscal year 
                immediately preceding the covered fiscal year.

                ``(iii) Effect of census.--Clauses (i) and (ii) shall 
            not apply in any fiscal year for which a shortfall in the 
            minimum additional funding amounts described in clause (i) 
            is attributable to the incorporation of new census data 
            into the calculation under paragraph (3), as determined by 
            the Secretary.''.
    (b) Research.--Section 1445(b) of the National Agricultural 
Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3222(b)) 
is amended--
        (1) in paragraph (2)--
            (A) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(D) Special amounts.--
                ``(i) Definitions.--In this subparagraph:

                    ``(I) Covered fiscal year.--The term `covered 
                fiscal year' means the fiscal year for which the 
                qualified eligible institution first received an 
                allocation of $3,000,000 under clause (ii)(I).
                    ``(II) Other eligible institution.--The term `other 
                eligible institution' means an eligible institution, 
                other than the qualified eligible institution, 
                receiving an allocation of funds under this section.
                    ``(III) Qualified eligible institution.--The term 
                `qualified eligible institution' means the eligible 
                institution described in clause (ii)(I).

                ``(ii) Fiscal year 2019, 2020, 2021, or 2022.--

                    ``(I) In general.--Subject to subclause (II), for 1 
                of fiscal year 2019, 2020, 2021, or 2022, if the 
                calculation under subparagraph (C) would result in a 
                distribution for a fiscal year of less than $3,000,000 
                to an eligible institution that first received funds 
                under this section on a date occurring after the date 
                of enactment of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (Public 
                Law 113-79; 128 Stat. 649) and before September 30, 
                2018, that institution shall receive an allocation of 
                $3,000,000 for that fiscal year.
                    ``(II) Limitation.--Subclause (I) shall apply only 
                if amounts are appropriated under this section in an 
                amount sufficient to provide that each other eligible 
                institution receiving an allocation of funds under this 
                section for fiscal year 2019, 2020, 2021, or 2022, as 
                applicable, receives not less than the amount of funds 
                received by that other eligible institution under this 
                section for the preceding fiscal year.

                ``(iii) Subsequent fiscal years.--

                    ``(I) Minimum additional funding amounts.--Subject 
                to subclauses (II) and (III), for each fiscal year 
                following the covered fiscal year--

                        ``(aa) the qualified eligible institution shall 
                    receive an allocation under this paragraph of at 
                    least $3,000,000; and
                        ``(bb) each other eligible institution shall 
                    receive an allocation under this paragraph of at 
                    least the amount received by such other eligible 
                    institution under this subsection for the covered 
                    fiscal year.

                    ``(II) Shortfall of special amounts.--

                        ``(aa) Applicability.--This subclause shall 
                    apply to any fiscal year following the covered 
                    fiscal year and for which the total amount 
                    appropriated under this subsection is insufficient 
                    to provide for the minimum additional funding 
                    amounts described in subclause (I).
                        ``(bb) Reductions in allocations.--In the case 
                    of a fiscal year to which this subclause applies, 
                    reductions in allocations shall be made 
                    proportionally from the qualified eligible 
                    institution and from each other eligible 
                    institution based on the increased amounts (if any) 
                    that the qualified eligible institution and each 
                    other eligible institution were allocated for the 
                    covered fiscal year as compared to the fiscal year 
                    immediately preceding the covered fiscal year.

                    ``(III) Effect of census.--Subclauses (I) and (II) 
                shall not apply in any fiscal year for which a 
                shortfall in the minimum additional funding amounts 
                described in subclause (I) is attributable to the 
                incorporation of new census data into the calculation 
                under paragraph (3)(C), as determined by the 
                Secretary.'';

            (B) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``(B) Of funds'' and 
        inserting the following:
            ``(C) Additional amount.--Except as provided in 
        subparagraph (D), of funds'';
            (C) in subparagraph (A)--
                (i) by striking ``are allocated'' and inserting ``were 
            allocated'';
                (ii) by inserting ``, as so designated as of that 
            date'' before the period at the end; and
                (iii) by striking ``(A) Funds'' and inserting the 
            following:
            ``(B) Base amount.--Funds''; and
            (D) in the matter preceding subparagraph (B) (as so 
        designated), by striking ``(2) The'' and all that follows 
        through ``follows:'' and inserting the following:
        ``(3) Distributions.--
            ``(A) In general.--After allocating amounts under paragraph 
        (2), the remainder shall be allotted among the eligible 
        institutions in accordance with this paragraph.'';
        (2) in paragraph (1), by striking ``(1) Three per centum'' and 
    inserting the following:
        ``(2) Administration.--3 percent''; and
        (3) in the matter preceding paragraph (2) (as so designated), 
    by striking ``(b) Beginning'' and all that follows through 
    ``follows:'' and inserting the following:
    ``(b) Distribution of Funds.--
        ``(1) In general.--Funds made available under this section 
    shall be distributed among eligible institutions in accordance with 
    this subsection.''.
SEC. 7116. REPORTS ON DISBURSEMENT OF FUNDS FOR AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH 
AND EXTENSION AT 1862 AND 1890 LAND-GRANT COLLEGES, INCLUDING TUSKEGEE 
UNIVERSITY.
    Not later than September 30, 2019, and each year thereafter, the 
Secretary shall annually submit to Congress a report describing the 
allocations made to, and matching funds received by, 1890 Institutions 
and 1862 Institutions (as those terms are defined in section 2 of the 
Agricultural Research, Extension, and Education Reform Act of 1998 (7 
U.S.C. 7601) for each of the agricultural research, extension, 
education, and related programs established under--
        (1) section 1444 of the National Agricultural Research, 
    Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3221);
        (2) section 1445 of the National Agricultural Research, 
    Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3222);
        (3) subsections (b) and (c) of section 3 of the Smith-Lever Act 
    (7 U.S.C. 343); and
        (4) the Hatch Act of 1887 (7 U.S.C. 361a et seq.).
SEC. 7117. SCHOLARSHIPS FOR STUDENTS AT 1890 INSTITUTIONS.
    Subtitle G of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and 
Teaching Policy Act of 1977 is amended by inserting after section 1445 
(7 U.S.C. 3222) the following new section:
``SEC. 1446. SCHOLARSHIPS FOR STUDENTS AT 1890 INSTITUTIONS.
    ``(a) In General.--
        ``(1) Scholarship grant program established.--The Secretary 
    shall make grants to each college or university eligible to receive 
    funds under the Act of August 30, 1890 (commonly known as the 
    Second Morrill Act; 7 U.S.C. 322 et seq.), including Tuskegee 
    University, for purposes of awarding scholarships to individuals 
    who--
            ``(A) have been accepted for admission at such college or 
        university;
            ``(B) will be enrolled at such college or university not 
        later than one year after the date of such acceptance; and
            ``(C) intend to pursue a career in the food and 
        agricultural sciences, including a career in--
                ``(i) agribusiness;
                ``(ii) energy and renewable fuels; or
                ``(iii) financial management.
        ``(2) Condition.--The Secretary may only award a grant under 
    this subsection to a college or university described in paragraph 
    (1) if the Secretary determines that such college or university has 
    established a competitive scholarship awards process for the award 
    of scholarships to individuals described in such paragraph.
        ``(3) Annual limitation.--Of the funds made available under 
    subsection (b)(1), the Secretary may use not more than $10,000,000 
    to award grants under this subsection for the academic year 
    beginning on July 1, 2020, and each of the three succeeding 
    academic years.
        ``(4) Amount of grant.--Each grant made under this section 
    shall be in an amount of not less than $500,000.
    ``(b) Funding.--
        ``(1) Mandatory funding.--Of the funds of the Commodity Credit 
    Corporation, the Secretary shall make available to carry out this 
    section $40,000,000 not later than October 1, 2019, to remain 
    available until expended.
        ``(2) Discretionary funding.--In addition to amounts made 
    available under paragraph (1), there is authorized to be 
    appropriated to carry out this section $10,000,000 for each of 
    fiscal years 2020 through 2023.
        ``(3) Administrative expenses.--Of the funds made available 
    under paragraphs (1) and (2) to carry out this section for a fiscal 
    year, not more than 4 percent may be used for expenses related to 
    administering the program under this section.
    ``(c) Report.--Beginning on the date that is two years after the 
date on which the first grant is awarded under subsection (a), and 
every two years thereafter, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee 
on Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the Committee on 
Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report detailing--
        ``(1) the amount of funds provided to each eligible college or 
    university under this section;
        ``(2) the number of scholarships awarded under each grant each 
    fiscal year; and
        ``(3) the amount of each such scholarship.''.
SEC. 7118. GRANTS TO UPGRADE AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD SCIENCES FACILITIES 
AT 1890 LAND-GRANT COLLEGES, INCLUDING TUSKEGEE UNIVERSITY.
    Section 1447(b) of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, 
and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3222b(b)) is amended by 
striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.
SEC. 7119. GRANTS TO UPGRADE AGRICULTURE AND FOOD SCIENCES FACILITIES 
AND EQUIPMENT AT INSULAR AREA LAND-GRANT INSTITUTIONS.
    Section 1447B(d) of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, 
and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3222b-2(d)) is amended by 
striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.
SEC. 7120. NEW BEGINNING FOR TRIBAL STUDENTS.
    Subtitle G of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and 
Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3221 et seq.) is amended by 
adding at the end the following:
``SEC. 1450. NEW BEGINNING FOR TRIBAL STUDENTS.
    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
        ``(1) Indian tribe.--The term `Indian tribe' has the meaning 
    given such term in section 4 of the Indian Self-Determination and 
    Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 5304)).
        ``(2) Land-grant college or university.--The term `land-grant 
    college or university' includes a 1994 Institution (as defined in 
    section 532 of the Equity in Educational Land-Grant Status Act of 
    1994 (Public Law 103-382; 7 U.S.C. 301 note)).
        ``(3) Tribal student.--The term `Tribal student' means a 
    student at a land-grant college or university that is a member of 
    an Indian tribe.
    ``(b) New Beginning Initiative.--
        ``(1) Authorization.--The Secretary may make competitive grants 
    to land-grant colleges and universities to provide identifiable 
    support specifically targeted for Tribal students.
        ``(2) Application.--A land-grant college or university that 
    desires to receive a grant under this section shall submit an 
    application to the Secretary at such time, in such manner, and 
    accompanied by such information as the Secretary may require.
        ``(3) Use of funds.--A land-grant college or university that 
    receives a grant under this section shall use the grant funds to 
    support Tribal students through--
            ``(A) recruiting;
            ``(B) tuition and related fees;
            ``(C) experiential learning; and
            ``(D) student services, including--
                ``(i) tutoring;
                ``(ii) counseling;
                ``(iii) academic advising; and
                ``(iv) other student services that would increase the 
            retention and graduation rate of Tribal students enrolled 
            at the land-grant college or university, as determined by 
            the Secretary.
        ``(4) Matching funds.--A land-grant college or university that 
    receives a grant under this section shall provide matching funds 
    toward the cost of carrying out the activities described in this 
    section in an amount equal to not less than 100 percent of the 
    grant award.
        ``(5) Maximum amount per state.--No State shall receive, 
    through grants made under this section to land-grant colleges and 
    universities located in the State, more than $500,000 per year.
    ``(c) Report.--Not later than 3 years after the date of enactment 
of this section, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on 
Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the Committee on 
Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry and the Committee on Indian 
Affairs of the Senate a report that includes an itemized list of grant 
funds distributed under this section, including the specific form of 
assistance provided under subsection (b)(3), and the number of Tribal 
students assisted and the graduation rate of Tribal students at land-
grant colleges and universities receiving grants under this section.
    ``(d) Authorization of Appropriation.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $5,000,000 for each of fiscal 
years 2019 through 2023.''.
SEC. 7121. HISPANIC-SERVING INSTITUTIONS.
    Section 1455(c) of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, 
and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3241(c)) is amended by 
striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.
SEC. 7122. BINATIONAL AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT.
    Section 1458(e) of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, 
and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3291(e)) is amended--
        (1) in the subsection heading, by striking ``Full Payment of 
    Funds Made Available for Certain'' and inserting ``Certain'' ;
        (2) by striking ``Notwithstanding'' and inserting the 
    following:
        ``(1) Full payment of funds.--Notwithstanding'';
        (3) in paragraph (1) (as so designated)--
            (A) by striking ``Israel-United States'' and inserting 
        ``United States-Israel''; and
            (B) by inserting ``(referred to in this subsection as the 
        `BARD Fund')'' after ``Development Fund''; and
        (4) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(2) Activities.--Activities under the BARD Fund to promote 
    and support agricultural research and development that are of 
    mutual benefit to the United States and Israel shall--
            ``(A) accelerate the demonstration, development, and 
        application of agricultural solutions resulting from or 
        relating to BARD Fund programs, including BARD Fund-sponsored 
        research and innovations in drip irrigation, pesticides, 
        aquaculture, livestock, poultry, disease control, and farm 
        equipment; and
            ``(B) encourage research carried out by governmental, 
        nongovernmental, and private entities, including through 
        collaboration with colleges and universities, research 
        institutions, and the private sector.''.
SEC. 7123. PARTNERSHIPS TO BUILD CAPACITY IN INTERNATIONAL AGRICULTURAL 
RESEARCH, EXTENSION, AND TEACHING.
    The National Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy 
Act of 1977 is amended by inserting after section 1458 (7 U.S.C. 3291) 
the following:
``SEC. 1458A. PARTNERSHIPS TO BUILD CAPACITY IN INTERNATIONAL 
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH, EXTENSION, AND TEACHING.
    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
        ``(1) 1862 institution; 1890 institution; 1994 institution.--
    The terms `1862 Institution', `1890 Institution', and `1994 
    Institution' have the meanings given the terms in section 2 of the 
    Agricultural Research, Extension, and Education Reform Act of 1998 
    (7 U.S.C. 7601).
        ``(2) Covered institution.--The term `covered Institution' 
    means--
            ``(A) an 1862 Institution;
            ``(B) an 1890 Institution;
            ``(C) a 1994 Institution;
            ``(D) an NLGCA Institution;
            ``(E) a Hispanic-serving agricultural college or 
        university; and
            ``(F) a cooperating forestry school.
        ``(3) Developing country.--The term `developing country' means 
    a country, as determined by the Secretary using a gross national 
    income per capita test selected by the Secretary.
        ``(4) International partner institution.--The term 
    `international partner institution' means an agricultural higher 
    education institution in a developing country that is performing, 
    or desiring to perform, activities similar to agricultural 
    research, extension, and teaching activities carried out through 
    covered Institutions in the United States.
    ``(b) Authority of the Secretary.--The Secretary may promote 
cooperation and coordination between covered Institutions and 
international partner institutions through--
        ``(1) improving extension by--
            ``(A) encouraging the exchange of research materials and 
        results between covered Institutions and international partner 
        institutions;
            ``(B) facilitating the broad dissemination of agricultural 
        research through extension; and
            ``(C) assisting with efforts to plan and initiate extension 
        services in developing countries;
        ``(2) improving agricultural research by--
            ``(A) in partnership with international partner 
        institutions, encouraging research that addresses problems 
        affecting food production and security, human nutrition, 
        agriculture, forestry, livestock, and fisheries, including 
        local challenges; and
            ``(B) supporting and strengthening national agricultural 
        research systems in developing countries;
        ``(3) supporting the participation of covered Institutions in 
    programs of international organizations, such as the United 
    Nations, the World Bank, regional development banks, and 
    international agricultural research centers;
        ``(4) improving agricultural teaching and education by--
            ``(A) in partnership with international partner 
        institutions, supporting education and teaching relating to 
        food and agricultural sciences, including technical assistance, 
        degree training, research collaborations, classroom 
        instruction, workforce training, and education programs; and
            ``(B) assisting with efforts to increase student capacity, 
        including to encourage equitable access for women and other 
        underserved populations, at international partner institutions 
        by promoting partnerships with, and improving the capacity of, 
        covered Institutions;
        ``(5) assisting covered Institutions in strengthening their 
    capacity for food, agricultural, and related research, extension, 
    and teaching programs relevant to agricultural development 
    activities in developing countries to promote the application of 
    new technology to improve education delivery;
        ``(6) providing support for the internationalization of 
    resident instruction programs of covered Institutions;
        ``(7) establishing a program, to be coordinated by the Director 
    of the National Institute of Food and Agriculture and the 
    Administrator of the Foreign Agricultural Service, to place interns 
    from covered Institutions in, or in service to benefit, developing 
    countries; and
        ``(8) establishing a program to provide fellowships to students 
    at covered Institutions to study at foreign agricultural colleges 
    and universities.
    ``(c) Enhancing Linkages.--The Secretary shall enhance the linkages 
among covered Institutions, the Federal Government, international 
research centers, counterpart research, extension, and teaching 
agencies and institutions in developed countries and developing 
countries--
        ``(1) to carry out the activities described in subsection (b); 
    and
        ``(2) to make a substantial contribution to the cause of 
    improved food and agricultural progress throughout the world.
    ``(d) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $10,000,000 for each of fiscal 
years 2019 through 2023.''.
SEC. 7124. COMPETITIVE GRANTS FOR INTERNATIONAL AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE 
AND EDUCATION PROGRAMS.
    Section 1459A(c)(2) of the National Agricultural Research, 
Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3292b(c)(2)) is 
amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.
SEC. 7125. LIMITATION ON INDIRECT COSTS FOR AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH, 
EDUCATION, AND EXTENSION PROGRAMS.
    Section 1462 of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and 
Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3310) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (a), by striking ``22 percent'' and inserting 
    ``30 percent''; 
        (2) in subsection (b), by striking ``Subsection (a)'' and 
    inserting ``Subsections (a) and (c)''; and
        (3) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(c) Treatment of Subgrants.--In the case of a grant described in 
subsection (a), the limitation on indirect costs specified in such 
subsection shall be applied to both the initial grant award and any 
subgrant of the Federal funds provided under the initial grant award so 
that the total of all indirect costs charged against the total of the 
Federal funds provided under the initial grant award does not exceed 
such limitation.''.
SEC. 7126. RESEARCH EQUIPMENT GRANTS.
    The National Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy 
Act of 1977 is amended by inserting after section 1462 (7 U.S.C. 3310) 
the following new section:
``SEC. 1462A. RESEARCH EQUIPMENT GRANTS.
    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary may make competitive grants for 
the acquisition of special purpose scientific research equipment for 
use in the food and agricultural sciences programs of eligible 
institutions.
    ``(b) Maximum Amount.--The amount of a grant made to an eligible 
institution under this section may not exceed $500,000.
    ``(c) Prohibition on Charge or Equipment as Indirect Costs.--The 
cost of acquisition or depreciation of equipment purchased with a grant 
under this section shall not be--
        ``(1) charged as an indirect cost against another Federal 
    grant; or
        ``(2) included as part of the indirect cost pool for purposes 
    of calculating the indirect cost rate of an eligible institution.
    ``(d) Eligible Institutions Defined.--In this section, the term 
`eligible institution' means--
        ``(1) a college or university; or
        ``(2) a State cooperative institution.
    ``(e) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $5,000,000 for each of fiscal 
years 2019 through 2023.''.
SEC. 7127. UNIVERSITY RESEARCH.
    Section 1463 of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and 
Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3311) is amended by striking 
``2018'' each place it appears in subsections (a) and (b) and inserting 
``2023''.
SEC. 7128. EXTENSION SERVICE.
    Section 1464 of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and 
Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3312) is amended by striking 
``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.
SEC. 7129. SUPPLEMENTAL AND ALTERNATIVE CROPS; HEMP.
    Section 1473D of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and 
Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3319d) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (a)--
            (A) by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''; and
            (B) by striking ``crops,'' and inserting ``crops (including 
        canola),'';
        (2) in subsection (b)--
            (A) by inserting ``for agronomic rotational purposes and as 
        a habitat for honey bees and other pollinators'' after 
        ``alternative crops''; and
            (B) by striking ``commodities whose'' and all that follows 
        through the period at the end and inserting ``commodities.'';
        (3) in subsection (c)(3)(E), by inserting ``(including hemp (as 
    defined in section 297A of the Agricultural Marketing Act of 
    1946))'' after ``material''; and
        (4) in subsection (e)--
            (A) in paragraph (1), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (B) in paragraph (2), by striking the period at the end and 
        inserting ``; and''; and
            (C) by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
        ``(3) $2,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2019 through 2023.''.
SEC. 7130. NEW ERA RURAL TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM.
    Section 1473E of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and 
Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3319e) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (b)(1)(B)--
            (A) in clause (ii), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (B) in clause (iii), by striking the period at the end and 
        inserting ``; and''; and
            (C) by adding at the end the following:
                ``(iv) precision agriculture.''; and
        (2) in subsection (d), by striking ``2008 through 2012'' and 
    inserting ``2019 through 2023''.
SEC. 7131. CAPACITY BUILDING GRANTS FOR NLGCA INSTITUTIONS.
    Section 1473F(b) of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, 
and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3319i(b)) is amended by 
striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.
SEC. 7132. AGRICULTURE ADVANCED RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY 
PILOT.
    Subtitle K of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and 
Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3310 et seq.) is amended by 
adding at the end the following:
``SEC. 1473H. AGRICULTURE ADVANCED RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY 
PILOT.
    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
        ``(1) Advanced research and development.--The term `advanced 
    research and development' means research and development activities 
    used to address research challenges in agriculture and food 
    through--
            ``(A) targeted acceleration of novel, early stage 
        innovative agricultural research with promising technology 
        applications and products; or
            ``(B) development of qualified products and projects, 
        agricultural technologies, or innovative research tools, which 
        may include--
                ``(i) prototype testing, preclinical development, or 
            field experimental use;
                ``(ii) assessing and assisting with product approval, 
            clearance, or need for a license under an applicable law, 
            as determined by the Director; or
                ``(iii) manufacturing and commercialization of a 
            product.
        ``(2) Agricultural technology.--The term `agricultural 
    technology' means machinery and other equipment engineered for an 
    applicable and novel use in agriculture, natural resources, and 
    food relating to the research and development of qualified products 
    and projects.
        ``(3) Director.--The term `Director' means the Director of the 
    Agriculture Advanced Research and Development Authority established 
    under subsection (b)(1).
        ``(4) Other transaction.--The term `other transaction' means a 
    transaction other than a procurement contract, grant, or 
    cooperative agreement, including a transaction described in 
    subsection (b)(6)(A).
        ``(5) Person.--The term `person' means--
            ``(A) an individual;
            ``(B) a partnership;
            ``(C) a corporation;
            ``(D) an association;
            ``(E) an entity;
            ``(F) a public or private corporation;
            ``(G) a Federal, State, or local government agency or 
        department; and
            ``(H) an institution of higher education, including a land-
        grant college or university and a non-land-grant college of 
        agriculture.
        ``(6) Qualified product or project.--The term `qualified 
    product or project' means--
            ``(A) engineering, mechanization, or technology 
        improvements that will address challenges relating to growing, 
        harvesting, handling, processing, storing, packing, and 
        distribution of agricultural products;
            ``(B) plant disease or plant pest recovery countermeasures 
        to intentional or unintentional biological threats (including 
        naturally occurring threats), including--
                ``(i) replacement or resistant plant cultivars or 
            varieties;
                ``(ii) other enhanced management strategies, including 
            novel chemical, biological, or cultural approaches; or
                ``(iii) diagnostic or surveillance technology; and
            ``(C) veterinary countermeasures to intentional or 
        unintentional biological threats (including naturally occurring 
        threats), including--
                ``(i) animal vaccine or therapeutic products (including 
            anti-infective products); or
                ``(ii) diagnostic or surveillance technology.
        ``(7) Research tool.--The term `research tool' means a device, 
    technology, procedure, biological material, reagent, computer 
    system, computer software, or analytical technique that is 
    developed to assist in the discovery, development, or manufacture 
    of a qualified product or project.
    ``(b) Agriculture Advanced Research and Development Authority.--
        ``(1) Establishment.--There is established within the 
    Department of Agriculture a pilot program that shall be known as 
    the Agriculture Advanced Research and Development Authority 
    (referred to in this section as the `AGARDA') to carry out advanced 
    research and development.
        ``(2) Goals.--The goals of the AGARDA are--
            ``(A) to develop and deploy advanced solutions to prevent, 
        prepare, and protect against unintentional and intentional 
        threats to agriculture and food in the United States;
            ``(B) to overcome barriers in the development of 
        agricultural technologies, research tools, and qualified 
        products and projects that enhance export competitiveness, 
        environmental sustainability, and resilience to extreme 
        weather;
            ``(C) to ensure that the United States maintains and 
        enhances its position as a leader in developing and deploying 
        agricultural technologies, research tools, and qualified 
        projects and products that increase economic opportunities and 
        security for farmers, ranchers, and rural communities; and
            ``(D) to undertake advanced research and development in 
        areas in which industry by itself is not likely to do so 
        because of the technological or financial uncertainty.
        ``(3) Leadership.--
            ``(A) In general.--The AGARDA shall be a component of the 
        Office of the Chief Scientist.
            ``(B) Director.--
                ``(i) In general.--The AGARDA shall be headed by a 
            Director, who shall be appointed by the Chief Scientist.
                ``(ii) Qualifications.--The Director shall be an 
            individual who, by reason of professional background and 
            experience, is exceptionally qualified to advise the Chief 
            Scientist on, and manage advanced research and development 
            programs and other matters pertaining to--

                    ``(I) qualified products and projects;
                    ``(II) agricultural technologies;
                    ``(III) research tools; and
                    ``(IV) challenges relating to the matters described 
                in subclauses (I) through (III).

                ``(iii) Relationship within the department of 
            agriculture.--The Director shall report to the Chief 
            Scientist.
        ``(4) Duties.--To achieve the goals described in paragraph (2), 
    the Secretary, acting through the Director, shall accelerate 
    advanced research and development by--
            ``(A) identifying and promoting advances in basic sciences;
            ``(B) translating scientific discoveries and inventions 
        into technological innovations;
            ``(C) collaborating with other agencies, relevant 
        industries, academia, international agencies, the Foundation 
        for Food and Agriculture Research, and other relevant persons 
        to carry out the goals described in paragraph (2), including 
        convening, at a minimum, annual meetings or working groups to 
        demonstrate the operation and effectiveness of advanced 
        research and development of qualified products and projects, 
        agricultural technologies, and research tools;
            ``(D) conducting ongoing searches for, and support calls 
        for, potential advanced research and development of 
        agricultural technologies, qualified products and projects, and 
        research tools;
            ``(E) awarding grants and entering into contracts, 
        cooperative agreements, or other transactions under paragraph 
        (6) for advanced research and development of agricultural 
        technology, qualified products and projects, and research 
        tools;
            ``(F) establishing issue-based multidisciplinary teams to 
        reduce the time and cost of solving specific problems that--
                ``(i) are composed of representatives from Federal and 
            State agencies, professional groups, academia, and 
            industry;
                ``(ii) seek novel and effective solutions; and
                ``(iii) encourage data sharing and translation of 
            research to field use; and
            ``(G) serving as a resource for interested persons 
        regarding requirements under relevant laws that impact the 
        development, commercialization, and technology transfer of 
        qualified products and projects, agricultural technologies, and 
        research tools.
        ``(5) Priority.--In awarding grants and entering into 
    contracts, cooperative agreements, or other transactions under 
    paragraph (4)(E), the Secretary shall give priority to projects 
    that accelerate the advanced research and development of qualified 
    products and projects that--
            ``(A) address critical research and development needs for 
        technology for specialty crops; or
            ``(B) prevent, protect, and prepare against intentional and 
        unintentional threats to agriculture and food.
        ``(6) Other transaction authorities.--
            ``(A) In general.--In carrying out the pilot program under 
        this section, the Secretary shall have the authority to enter 
        into other transactions in the same manner and subject to the 
        same terms and conditions as transactions that the Secretary of 
        Defense may enter into under section 2371 of title 10, United 
        States Code.
            ``(B) Scope.--The authority of the Secretary to enter into 
        contracts, cooperative agreements, and other transactions under 
        this subsection shall be in addition to the authorities under 
        this Act and title I of the Department of Agriculture and 
        Related Agencies Appropriation Act, 1964 (7 U.S.C. 3318a), to 
        use contracts, cooperative agreements, and grants in carrying 
        out the pilot program under this section.
            ``(C) Guidelines.--The Secretary shall establish guidelines 
        regarding the use of the authority under subparagraph (A).
            ``(D) Technology transfer.--In entering into other 
        transactions, the Secretary may negotiate terms for technology 
        transfer in the same manner as a Federal laboratory under 
        paragraphs (1) through (4) of section 12(b) of the Stevenson-
        Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3710a(b)).
        ``(7) Availability of data.--
            ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall require that, as a 
        condition of being awarded a contract or grant or entering into 
        a cooperative agreement or other transaction under paragraph 
        (4)(E), a person shall make available to the Secretary on an 
        ongoing basis, and submit to the Secretary on request of the 
        Secretary, all data relating to or resulting from the 
        activities carried out by the person pursuant to this section.
            ``(B) Exemption from disclosure.--
                ``(i) In general.--This subparagraph shall be 
            considered a statute described in section 552(b)(3)(B) of 
            title 5, United States Code.
                ``(ii) Exemption.--The following information shall be 
            exempt from disclosure under section 552 of title 5, United 
            States Code, and withheld from the public:

                    ``(I) Specific technical data or scientific 
                information that is created or obtained under this 
                section that reveals significant and not otherwise 
                publicly known vulnerabilities of existing agriculture 
                and food defenses against biological, chemical, 
                nuclear, or radiological threats.
                    ``(II) Trade secrets or commercial or financial 
                information that is privileged or confidential (within 
                the meaning of section 552(b)(4) of title 5, United 
                States Code) and obtained in the conduct of research or 
                as a result of activities under this section from a 
                non-Federal party participating in a contract, grant, 
                cooperative agreement, or other transaction under this 
                section.

                ``(iii) Limitation.--Information that results from 
            research and development activities conducted under this 
            section and that would be a trade secret or commercial or 
            financial information that is privileged or confidential if 
            the information had been obtained from a non-Federal party 
            participating in a cooperative agreement or other 
            transaction shall be withheld from disclosure under 
            subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 5, United States Code, 
            for 5 years.
        ``(8) Milestone-based payments allowed.--In awarding contracts 
    and grants and entering into cooperative agreements or other 
    transactions under paragraph (4)(E), the Secretary may--
            ``(A) use milestone-based awards and payments; and
            ``(B) terminate a project for not meeting technical 
        milestones.
        ``(9) Use of existing personnel authorities.--In carrying out 
    this subsection, the Secretary may appoint highly qualified 
    individuals to scientific or professional positions on the same 
    terms and conditions as provided in subsections (b)(3), (b)(4), 
    (c), (d), (e), and (f) of section 620 of the Agricultural Research, 
    Extension, and Education Reform Act of 1998 (7 U.S.C. 7657).
        ``(10) Report and evaluation.--
            ``(A) Report.--The Secretary shall submit to the Committee 
        on Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the 
        Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate 
        an annual report examining the actions undertaken and results 
        generated by the AGARDA.
            ``(B) Evaluation.--After the date on which the AGARDA has 
        been in operation for 3 years, the Comptroller General of the 
        United States shall conduct an evaluation--
                ``(i) to be completed and submitted to the Committee on 
            Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the 
            Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the 
            Senate not later than 1 year after the date on which the 
            Comptroller General began conducting the evaluation;
                ``(ii) describing the extent to which the AGARDA is 
            achieving the goals described in paragraph (2); and
                ``(iii) including a recommendation on whether the 
            AGARDA should be continued, terminated, or expanded.
    ``(c) Strategic Plan.--
        ``(1) In general.--Not later than 360 days after the date of 
    enactment of this section, the Secretary shall develop and make 
    publicly available a strategic plan describing the strategic vision 
    that the AGARDA shall use--
            ``(A) to make determinations for future investments during 
        the period of effectiveness of this section; and
            ``(B) to achieve the goals described in subsection (b)(2).
        ``(2) Dissemination.--The Secretary shall disseminate the 
    information contained in the strategic plan under paragraph (1) to 
    persons who may have the capacity to substantially contribute to 
    the activities described in that strategic plan.
        ``(3) Coordination; consultation.--The Secretary shall--
            ``(A) update and coordinate the strategic coordination plan 
        under section 221(d)(7) of the Department of Agriculture 
        Reorganization Act of 1994 with the strategic plan developed 
        under paragraph (1) for activities relating to agriculture and 
        food defense countermeasure development and procurement; and
            ``(B) in developing the strategic plan under paragraph (1), 
        consult with--
                ``(i) the National Agricultural Research, Extension, 
            Education, and Economics Advisory Board established under 
            section 1408(a);
                ``(ii) the specialty crops committee established under 
            section 1408A(a)(1);
                ``(iii) relevant agriculture research agencies of the 
            Federal Government;
                ``(iv) the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, 
            and Medicine;
                ``(v) the National Veterinary Stockpile Intra-
            Government Advisory Committee for Strategic Steering; and
                ``(vi) other appropriate parties, as determined by the 
            Secretary.
    ``(d) Funds.--
        ``(1) Establishment.--There is established in the Treasury the 
    Agriculture Advanced Research and Development Fund, which shall be 
    administered by the Secretary, acting through the Director--
            ``(A) for the purpose of carrying out this section; and
            ``(B) in the same manner and subject to the same terms and 
        conditions as are applicable to the Secretary of Defense under 
        section 2371 of title 10, United States Code.
        ``(2) Deposits into fund.--
            ``(A) In general.--The Secretary, acting through the 
        Director, may accept and deposit into the Fund monies received 
        pursuant to cost recovery, contribution, or royalty payments 
        under a contract, grant, cooperative agreement, or other 
        transaction under this section.
            ``(B) Availability of amounts in fund.--Amounts deposited 
        into the fund shall remain available until expended, without 
        further appropriation, and may be used to carry out the 
        purposes of this section.
            ``(C) Clarification.--Nothing in this paragraph authorizes 
        the use of the funds of the Commodity Credit Corporation to 
        carry out this section.
        ``(3) Funding.--In addition to funds otherwise deposited in the 
    Fund under paragraph (1) or (2), there is authorized to be 
    appropriated to the Fund $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2019 
    through 2023, to remain available until expended.
    ``(e) Termination of Effectiveness.--
        ``(1) In general.--Except as provided under paragraph (2), the 
    authority provided by this section terminates on the date that is 5 
    years after the date of the enactment of the Agriculture 
    Improvement Act of 2018.
        ``(2) Exceptions.--Paragraph (1) shall not apply with respect 
    to--
            ``(A) subsection (b)(7)(B); and
            ``(B) grants awarded or contracts, cooperative agreements, 
        or other transactions entered into before the end of the 5-year 
        period referred to in such clause.''.
SEC. 7133. AQUACULTURE ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS.
    Section 1477(a)(2) of the National Agricultural Research, 
Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3324(a)(2)) is 
amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.
SEC. 7134. RANGELAND RESEARCH PROGRAMS.
    Section 1483(a)(2) of the National Agricultural Research, 
Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3336(a)(2)) is 
amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.
SEC. 7135. SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION FOR BIOSECURITY PLANNING AND RESPONSE.
    Section 1484 of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and 
Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3351) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (a)--
            (A) in paragraph (1), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (B) in paragraph (2), by striking the period at the end and 
        inserting ``; and''; and
            (C) by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
        ``(3) $30,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2019 through 
    2023.''; and
        (2) in subsection (b)--
            (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by inserting 
        ``and cooperative agreements'' after ``competitive grants'';
            (B) in paragraph (3), by striking ``make competitive 
        grants'' and inserting ``award competitive grants and 
        cooperative agreements''; and
            (C) by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
        ``(5) To coordinate the tactical science activities of the 
    Research, Education, and Economics mission area of the Department 
    that protect the integrity, reliability, sustainability, and 
    profitability of the food and agricultural system of the United 
    States against biosecurity threats from pests, diseases, 
    contaminants, and disasters.''.
SEC. 7136. DISTANCE EDUCATION AND RESIDENT INSTRUCTION GRANTS PROGRAM 
FOR INSULAR AREA INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER EDUCATION.
    (a) Distance Education Grants for Insular Areas.--Section 
1490(f)(2) of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and 
Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3362(f)(2)) is amended by 
striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.
    (b) Resident Instruction Grants for Insular Areas.--Section 
1491(c)(2) of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and 
Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3363(c)(2)) is amended by 
striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.

   Subtitle B--Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990

SEC. 7201. BEST UTILIZATION OF BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS.
    Section 1624 of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act 
of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 5814) is amended in the first sentence by striking 
``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.
SEC. 7202. INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS.
    Section 1627(d) of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade 
Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 5821(d)) is amended by striking ``2018'' and 
inserting ``2023''.
SEC. 7203. SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT AND TRANSFER 
PROGRAM.
    Section 1628(f)(2) of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and 
Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 5831(f)(2)) is amended by striking ``2018'' 
and inserting ``2023''.
SEC. 7204. NATIONAL TRAINING PROGRAM.
    Section 1629(i) of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade 
Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 5832(i)) is amended by striking ``2018'' and 
inserting ``2023''.
SEC. 7205. NATIONAL STRATEGIC GERMPLASM AND CULTIVAR COLLECTION 
ASSESSMENT AND UTILIZATION PLAN.
    (a) In General.--Section 1632(d) of the Food, Agriculture, 
Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 5841(d)) is amended--
        (1) in paragraph (5), by striking ``and'' at the end;
        (2) by redesignating paragraph (6) as paragraph (7); and
        (3) by inserting after paragraph (5) the following:
        ``(6) develop and implement a national strategic germplasm and 
    cultivar collection assessment and utilization plan that takes into 
    consideration the resources and research necessary to address the 
    significant backlog of characterization and maintenance of existing 
    accessions considered to be critical to preserve the viability of, 
    and public access to, germplasm and cultivars; and''.
    (b) Plan Publication.--Section 1633 of the Food, Agriculture, 
Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 5842) is amended by 
adding at the end the following:
    ``(f) Plan Publication.--On completion of the development of the 
plan described in section 1632(d)(6), the Secretary shall make the plan 
available to the public.''.
SEC. 7206. NATIONAL GENETICS RESOURCES PROGRAM.
    (a) Advisory Council.--Section 1634 of the Food, Agriculture, 
Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 5843) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (a)--
            (A) in the first sentence, by striking ``The Secretary'' 
        and inserting the following:
        ``(1) In general.--The Secretary'';
            (B) in the second sentence of paragraph (1) (as so 
        designated), by striking ``The advisory'' and inserting the 
        following:
        ``(2) Membership.--The advisory'';
            (C) in paragraph (2) (as so designated), by striking 
        ``nine'' and inserting ``13''; and
            (D) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(3) Recommendations.--
            ``(A) In general.--In making recommendations under 
        paragraph (1), the advisory council shall include 
        recommendations on--
                ``(i) the state of public cultivar development, 
            including--

                    ``(I) an analysis of existing cultivar research 
                investments;
                    ``(II) the research gaps relating to the 
                development of cultivars across a diverse range of 
                crops; and
                    ``(III) an assessment of the state of 
                commercialization of federally funded cultivars;

                ``(ii) the training and resources needed to meet future 
            breeding challenges;
                ``(iii) the appropriate levels of Federal funding for 
            cultivar development for underserved crops and geographic 
            areas; and
                ``(iv) the development of the plan described in section 
            1632(d)(6).''; and
        (2) in subsection (c)--
            (A) in paragraph (1)--
                (i) by striking ``Two-thirds'' and inserting ``6''; and
                (ii) by inserting ``economics and policy,'' after 
            ``agricultural sciences,'';
            (B) in paragraph (2)--
                (i) by striking ``One-third'' and inserting ``3''; and
                (ii) by inserting ``community development,'' after 
            ``public policy,''; and
            (C) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(3) 4 of the members shall be appointed from among 
    individuals with expertise in public cultivar and animal breed 
    development.
        ``(4) 4 of the members shall be appointed from among 
    individuals representing--
            ``(A) 1862 Institutions (as defined in section 2 of the 
        Agricultural Research, Extension, and Education Reform Act of 
        1998 (7 U.S.C. 7601));
            ``(B) 1890 Institutions (as defined in section 2 of the 
        Agricultural Research, Extension, and Education Reform Act of 
        1998 (7 U.S.C. 7601));
            ``(C) Hispanic-serving institutions (as defined in section 
        1404 of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and 
        Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3103)); or
            ``(D) 1994 Institutions (as defined in section 532 of the 
        Equity in Educational Land-Grant Status Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 
        301 note; Public Law 103-382)).''.
    (b) Authorization of Appropriations.--Section 1635(b)(2) of the 
Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 
5844(b)(2)) is amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.
SEC. 7207. NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL WEATHER INFORMATION SYSTEM.
    Section 1641(c) of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade 
Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 5855(c)) is amended by striking ``2018'' and 
inserting ``2023''.
SEC. 7208. AGRICULTURAL GENOME TO PHENOME INITIATIVE.
    Section 1671 of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act 
of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 5924) is amended--
        (1) in the section heading, by inserting ``to phenome'' after 
    ``genome'';
        (2) by striking subsection (a) and inserting the following:
    ``(a) Goals.--The goals of this section are--
        ``(1) to expand knowledge concerning genomes and phenomes of 
    crops and animals of importance to the agriculture sector of the 
    United States;
        ``(2) to understand how variable weather, environments, and 
    production systems impact the growth and productivity of specific 
    varieties of crops and species of animals in order to provide 
    greater accuracy in predicting crop and animal performance under 
    variable conditions;
        ``(3) to support research that leverages plant and animal 
    genomic information with phenotypic and environmental data through 
    an interdisciplinary framework, leading to a novel understanding of 
    plant and animal processes that affect growth, productivity, and 
    the ability to predict performance, which will result in the 
    deployment of superior varieties and species to producers and 
    improved crop and animal management recommendations for farmers and 
    ranchers;
        ``(4) to catalyze and coordinate research that links genomics 
    and predictive phenomics at different sites across the United 
    States to achieve advances in crops and animals that generate 
    societal benefits;
        ``(5) to combine fields such as genetics, genomics, plant 
    physiology, agronomy, climatology, and crop modeling with 
    computation and informatics, statistics, and engineering;
        ``(6) to combine fields such as genetics, genomics, animal 
    physiology, meat science, animal nutrition, and veterinary science 
    with computation and informatics, statistics, and engineering;
        ``(7) to focus on crops and animals that will yield 
    scientifically important results that will enhance the usefulness 
    of many other crops and animals;
        ``(8) to build on genomic research, such as the Plant Genome 
    Research Project and the National Animal Genome Research Program, 
    to understand gene function in production environments that is 
    expected to have considerable returns for crops and animals of 
    importance to the agriculture of the United States;
        ``(9) to develop improved data analytics to enhance 
    understanding of the biological function of genes;
        ``(10) to allow resources developed under this section, 
    including data, software, germplasm, and other biological 
    materials, to be openly accessible to all persons, subject to any 
    confidentiality requirements imposed by law; and
        ``(11) to encourage international partnerships with each 
    partner country responsible for financing its own research.'';
        (3) by striking subsection (b) and inserting the following:
    ``(b) Duties of Secretary.--The Secretary of Agriculture (referred 
to in this section as the `Secretary') shall conduct a research 
initiative, to be known as the `Agricultural Genome to Phenome 
Initiative', for the purpose of--
        ``(1) studying agriculturally significant crops and animals in 
    production environments to achieve sustainable and secure 
    agricultural production;
        ``(2) ensuring that current gaps in existing knowledge of 
    agricultural crop and animal genetics and phenomics are filled;
        ``(3) identifying and developing a functional understanding of 
    relevant genes from animals and agronomically relevant genes from 
    crops that are of importance to the agriculture sector of the 
    United States;
        ``(4) ensuring future genetic improvement of crops and animals 
    of importance to the agriculture sector of the United States;
        ``(5) studying the relevance of diverse germplasm as a source 
    of unique genes that may be of importance in the future;
        ``(6) enhancing genetics to reduce the economic impact of 
    pathogens on crops and animals of importance to the agriculture 
    sector of the United States;
        ``(7) disseminating findings to relevant audiences; and
        ``(8) otherwise carrying out this section.'';
        (4) in subsection (c)(1), by inserting ``, acting through the 
    National Institute of Food and Agriculture,'' after ``The 
    Secretary'';
        (5) in subsection (e), by inserting ``to Phenome'' after 
    ``Genome''; and
        (6) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(f) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $40,000,000 for each of fiscal 
years 2019 through 2023.''.
SEC. 7209. HIGH-PRIORITY RESEARCH AND EXTENSION INITIATIVES.
    Section 1672 of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act 
of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 5925) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (d)--
            (A) in paragraph (8)--
                (i) in the heading, by striking ``Alfalfa and forage'' 
            and inserting ``Alfalfa seed and alfalfa forage systems'';
                (ii) by striking ``alfalfa and forage'' and inserting 
            ``alfalfa seed and alfalfa forage systems''; and
                (iii) by striking ``alfalfa and other forages, and'' 
            and inserting ``alfalfa seed and other alfalfa forage''; 
            and
            (B) by adding at the end the following new paragraphs:
        ``(11) Macadamia tree health initiative.--Research and 
    extension grants may be made under this section for the purposes 
    of--
            ``(A) developing and disseminating science-based tools and 
        treatments to combat the macadamia felted coccid (Eriococcus 
        ironsidei); and
            ``(B) establishing an areawide integrated pest management 
        program in areas affected by, or areas at risk of being 
        affected by, the macadamia felted coccid.
        ``(12) National turfgrass research initiative.--Research and 
    extension grants may be made under this section for the purposes 
    of--
            ``(A) carrying out or enhancing research related to 
        turfgrass and sod issues;
            ``(B) enhancing production and uses of turfgrass for the 
        general public;
            ``(C) identifying new turfgrass varieties with superior 
        drought, heat, cold, and pest tolerance to reduce water, 
        fertilizer, and pesticide use;
            ``(D) selecting genetically superior turfgrasses and 
        developing improved technologies for managing commercial, 
        residential, and recreational turfgrass areas;
            ``(E) producing turfgrasses that--
                ``(i) aid in mitigating soil erosion;
                ``(ii) protect against pollutant runoff into waterways; 
            or
                ``(iii) provide other environmental benefits;
            ``(F) investigating, preserving, and protecting native 
        plant species, including grasses not currently utilized in 
        turfgrass systems;
            ``(G) creating systems for more economical and viable 
        turfgrass seed and sod production throughout the United States; 
        and
            ``(H) investigating the turfgrass phytobiome and developing 
        biologic products to enhance soil, enrich plants, and mitigate 
        pests.
        ``(13) Fertilizer management initiative.--
            ``(A) In general.--Research and extension grants may be 
        made under this section for the purpose of carrying out 
        research to improve fertilizer use efficiency in crops--
                ``(i) to maximize crop yield; and
                ``(ii) to minimize nutrient losses to surface and 
            groundwater and the atmosphere.
            ``(B) Priority.--In awarding grants under subparagraph (A), 
        the Secretary shall give priority to research examining the 
        impact of the source, rate, timing, and placement of plant 
        nutrients.
        ``(14) Cattle fever tick program.--Research and extension 
    grants may be made under this section to study cattle fever ticks--
            ``(A) to facilitate the understanding of the role of 
        wildlife in the persistence and spread of cattle fever ticks;
            ``(B) to develop advanced methods for eradication of cattle 
        fever ticks, including--
                ``(i) alternative treatment methods for cattle and 
            other susceptible species;
                ``(ii) field treatment for premises, including corral 
            pens and pasture loafing areas;
                ``(iii) methods for treatment and control on infested 
            wildlife;
                ``(iv) biological control agents; and
                ``(v) new and improved vaccines;
            ``(C) to evaluate rangeland vegetation that impacts the 
        survival of cattle fever ticks;
            ``(D) to improve management of diseases relating to cattle 
        fever ticks that are associated with wildlife, livestock, and 
        human health;
            ``(E) to improve diagnostic detection of tick-infested or 
        infected animals and pastures; and
            ``(F) to conduct outreach to impacted ranchers, hunters, 
        and landowners to integrate tactics and document sustainability 
        of best practices.
        ``(15) Laying hen and turkey research program.--Research grants 
    may be made under this section for the purpose of improving the 
    efficiency and sustainability of laying hen and turkey production 
    through integrated, collaborative research and technology transfer. 
    Emphasis may be placed on laying hen and turkey disease prevention, 
    antimicrobial resistance, nutrition, gut health, and alternative 
    housing systems under extreme seasonal weather conditions.
        ``(16) Chronic wasting disease.--Research and extension grants 
    may be made under this section for the purposes of supporting 
    research projects at land-grant colleges and universities (as 
    defined in section 1404 of the National Agricultural Research, 
    Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3103)) with 
    established deer research programs for the purposes of treating, 
    mitigating, or eliminating chronic wasting disease.
        ``(17) Algae agriculture research program.--Research and 
    extension grants may be made under this section for the development 
    and testing of algae and algae systems (including micro- and macro-
    algae systems).
        ``(18) Nutrient management.--Research and extension grants may 
    be made under this section for the purposes of examining nutrient 
    management based on the source, rate, timing, and placement of crop 
    nutrients.
        ``(19) Dryland farming agricultural systems.--Research and 
    extension grants may be made under this section for the purposes of 
    carrying out or enhancing research on the utilization of big data 
    for more precise management of dryland farming agricultural 
    systems.
        ``(20) Hop plant health initiative.--Research and extension 
    grants may be made under this section for the purposes of 
    developing and disseminating science-based tools and treatments to 
    combat diseases of hops caused by the plant pathogens Podosphaera 
    macularis and Pseudoperonospora humuli.'';
        (2) in subsection (e)(5), by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
    ``2023'';
        (3) in subsection (f)(5), by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
    ``2023'';
        (4) in subsection (g)--
            (A) in paragraphs (1)(B), (2)(B), and (3), by striking 
        ``2018'' each place it appears and inserting ``2023'';
            (B) by redesignating paragraphs (4) and (5) as paragraphs 
        (5) and (6), respectively; and
            (C) by inserting after paragraph (3) the following new 
        paragraph:
        ``(4) Enhanced coordination of honeybee and pollinator 
    research.--
            ``(A) In general.--The Chief Scientist of the Department of 
        Agriculture shall coordinate research, extension, education, 
        and economic activities in the Department of Agriculture 
        relating to native and managed pollinator health and habitat.
            ``(B) Duties.--In carrying out subparagraph (A), the Chief 
        Scientist shall--
                ``(i) assign an individual to serve in the Office of 
            the Chief Scientist as a Honeybee and Pollinator Research 
            Coordinator who shall be responsible for leading the 
            efforts of the Chief Scientist in carrying out such 
            subparagraph;
                ``(ii) implement and coordinate pollinator health 
            research efforts of the Department, as recommended by the 
            Pollinator Health Task Force;
                ``(iii) establish annual strategic priorities and goals 
            for the Department for native and managed pollinator 
            research;
                ``(iv) communicate such priorities and goals to each 
            agency or office of the Department of Agriculture, the 
            managed pollinator industry, and relevant grant recipients 
            under programs administered by the Secretary; and
                ``(v) coordinate and identify all research on native 
            and managed pollinator health needed and conducted by the 
            Department of Agriculture and relevant grant recipients 
            under programs administered by the Secretary to ensure 
            consistency and reduce unintended duplication of effort.
            ``(C) Research.--In coordinating research activities under 
        subparagraph (A), the Chief Scientist shall ensure that such 
        research--
                ``(i) identifies and addresses the multiple stressors 
            on pollinator health, including pests and pathogens, 
            reduced habitat, lack of nutritional resources, and 
            exposure to pesticides;
                ``(ii) evaluates stewardship and management practices 
            of managed pollinators that would impact managed pollinator 
            health;
                ``(iii) documents the prevalence of major pests, such 
            as varroa destructor (commonly referred to as the varroa 
            mite), and diseases that are transported between States 
            through practices involving managed pollinators;
                ``(iv) evaluates the impact of overcrowding of colonies 
            for pollination services and the impact of such 
            overcrowding on pollinator health status and pollinator 
            health recovery;
                ``(v) evaluates and reports on the health differences 
            of managed pollinators in--

                    ``(I) crops not requiring contract pollination;
                    ``(II) crops requiring contract pollination; and
                    ``(III) native habitat;

                ``(vi) evaluates the impact of horticultural and 
            agricultural pest management practices on native and 
            managed pollinator colonies in diverse agroecosystems;
                ``(vii) documents pesticide residues that are--

                    ``(I) found in native and managed pollinator 
                colonies; and
                    ``(II) associated with typical localized commercial 
                crop pest management practices;

                ``(viii) with respect to native and managed pollinator 
            colonies visiting crops for crop pollination or honey 
            production purposes, documents--

                    ``(I) the strength and health of such colonies;
                    ``(II) the survival, growth, reproduction, and 
                production of such colonies;
                    ``(III) pests, pathogens, and viruses that affect 
                such colonies;
                    ``(IV) environmental conditions of such colonies;
                    ``(V) beekeeper practices; and
                    ``(VI) any other relevant information, as 
                determined by the Chief Scientist;

                ``(ix) documents, with respect to healthy populations 
            of managed pollinators, best management practices and other 
            practices for managed pollinators and crop managers;
                ``(x) evaluates the effectiveness of--

                    ``(I) conservation practices that target the 
                specific needs of native and managed pollinator 
                habitats;
                    ``(II) incentives that allow for the expansion of 
                native and managed pollinator forage acreage; and
                    ``(III) managed pollinator breeding practices and 
                efforts to, with respect to managed pollinators, avoid 
                creating a genetic bottleneck and improve genetic 
                diversity;

                ``(xi) in the case of commercially managed pollinator 
            colonies, continues to gather data--

                    ``(I) on an annual basis with respect to losses of 
                such colonies, splits of such colonies, and the total 
                number of pollinator colonies;
                    ``(II) on rising input costs; and
                    ``(III) overall economic value to the food economy; 
                and

                ``(xii) addresses any other issue relating to native 
            and managed pollinators, as determined by the Chief 
            Scientist, in consultation with scientific experts.
            ``(D) Publication.--The Chief Scientist, to the maximum 
        extent practicable, shall--
                ``(i) make publicly available the results of the 
            research described in subparagraph (C); and
                ``(ii) in the case of the research described in 
            subparagraph (C)(vi), publish any data or reports that were 
            produced by the Department of Agriculture but not made 
            publicly available during the period beginning on January 
            1, 2008, and ending on the date of the enactment of the 
            Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018.''; and
        (5) in subsection (h), by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
    ``2023''.
SEC. 7210. ORGANIC AGRICULTURE RESEARCH AND EXTENSION INITIATIVE.
    Section 1672B of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act 
of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 5925b) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (a)--
            (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1)--
                (i) by inserting ``using funds made available under 
            subsection (e),'' after ``Board,''; and
                (ii) by inserting ``in each of fiscal years 2019 
            through 2023'' after ``grants''; and
            (B) in paragraph (7), by inserting ``, soil health,'' after 
        ``conservation''; and
        (2) in subsection (e)--
            (A) in paragraph (1)--
                (i) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``and'' at the 
            end;
                (ii) in subparagraph (C), by striking the period at the 
            end and inserting ``; and''; and
                (iii) by adding at the end the following new 
            subparagraphs:
            ``(D) $20,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2019 through 
        2020;
            ``(E) $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2021;
            ``(F) $30,000,000 for fiscal year 2022; and
            ``(G) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2023 and each fiscal year 
        thereafter.''; and
            (B) in paragraph (2)--
                (i) in the paragraph heading, by striking ``for fiscal 
            years 2014 through 2018''; and
                (ii) by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.
SEC. 7211. FARM BUSINESS MANAGEMENT.
    Section 1672D of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act 
of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 5925f) is amended--
        (1) by amending subsection (a) to read as follows:
    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary may make competitive research and 
extension grants for the purpose of improving the farm management 
knowledge and skills of agricultural producers by maintaining and 
expanding a national, publicly available farm financial management 
database to support improved farm management.'';
        (2) in subsection (b)--
            (A) in paragraph (2), by striking ``and producer'' and 
        inserting ``educational programs and''; and
            (B) in paragraph (4), by striking ``use and support'' and 
        inserting ``contribute data to''; and
        (3) in subsection (d)(2), by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
    ``2023''.
SEC. 7212. URBAN, INDOOR, AND OTHER EMERGING AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION 
RESEARCH, EDUCATION, AND EXTENSION INITIATIVE.
    (a) In General.--The Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act 
of 1990 is amended by inserting after section 1672D (7 U.S.C. 5925f) 
the following:
``SEC. 1672E. URBAN, INDOOR, AND OTHER EMERGING AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION 
RESEARCH, EDUCATION, AND EXTENSION INITIATIVE.
    ``(a) Competitive Research and Extension Grants Authorized.--In 
consultation with the Urban Agriculture and Innovative Production 
Advisory Committee established under section 222(b) of the Department 
of Agriculture Reorganization Act of 1994, the Secretary may make 
competitive grants to support research, education, and extension 
activities for the purposes of facilitating the development of urban, 
indoor, and other emerging agricultural production, harvesting, 
transportation, aggregation, packaging, distribution, and markets, 
including by--
        ``(1) assessing and developing strategies to remediate 
    contaminated sites;
        ``(2) determining and developing the best production management 
    and integrated pest management practices;
        ``(3) identifying and promoting the horticultural, social, and 
    economic factors that contribute to successful urban, indoor, and 
    other emerging agricultural production;
        ``(4) analyzing the means by which new agricultural sites are 
    determined, including an evaluation of soil quality, condition of a 
    building, or local community needs;
        ``(5) exploring new technologies that minimize energy, lighting 
    systems, water, and other inputs for increased food production;
        ``(6) examining building material efficiencies and structural 
    upgrades for the purpose of optimizing growth of agricultural 
    products;
        ``(7) developing new crop varieties and agricultural products 
    to connect to new markets; or
        ``(8) examining the impacts of crop exposure to urban elements 
    on environmental quality and food safety.
    ``(b) Grant Types and Process.--Subparagraphs (A) through (E) of 
paragraph (4), paragraph (7), and paragraph (11)(B) of subsection (b) 
of the Competitive, Special, and Facilities Research Grant Act (7 
U.S.C. 3157) shall apply with respect to the making of grants under 
this section.
    ``(c) Priority.--The Secretary may give priority to grant proposals 
that involve--
        ``(1) the cooperation of multiple entities; or
        ``(2) States or regions with a high concentration of or 
    significant interest in urban farms, rooftop farms, and indoor 
    production facilities.
    ``(d) Funding.--
        ``(1) Mandatory funding.--Of the funds of the Commodity Credit 
    Corporation, the Secretary shall use to carry out this section 
    $10,000,000 for fiscal year 2019, to remain available until 
    expended.
        ``(2) Authorization of appropriations.--In addition to amounts 
    made available under paragraph (1), there is authorized to be 
    appropriated to carry out this section $10,000,000 for each of 
    fiscal years 2019 through 2023.''.
    (b) Data Collection on Urban, Indoor, and Emerging Agricultural 
Production.--
        (1) In general.--Not later than one year after the date of 
    enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall conduct as a follow-on 
    study to the census of agriculture conducted in the calendar year 
    2017 under section 2 of the Census of Agriculture Act of 1997 (7 
    U.S.C. 2204g) a census of urban, indoor, and other emerging 
    agricultural production, including information about--
            (A) community gardens and farms located in urban areas, 
        suburbs, and urban clusters;
            (B) rooftop farms, outdoor vertical production, and green 
        walls;
            (C) indoor farms, greenhouses, and high-tech vertical 
        technology farms;
            (D) hydroponic, aeroponic, and aquaponic farm facilities; 
        and
            (E) other innovations in agricultural production, as 
        determined by the Secretary.
        (2) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
    appropriated to carry out this subsection $14,000,000 for the 
    period of fiscal years 2019 through 2021.
SEC. 7213. CENTERS OF EXCELLENCE AT 1890 INSTITUTIONS.
    Section 1673 of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act 
of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 5926) is amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(d) Centers of Excellence at 1890s Institutions.--
        ``(1) Recognition.--The Secretary shall recognize not less than 
    3 centers of excellence, each led by an 1890 Institution (as 
    defined in section 2 of the Agricultural Research, Extension, and 
    Education Reform Act of 1998 (7 U.S.C. 7601)), to focus on 1 or 
    more of the areas described in paragraph (2).
        ``(2) Areas of focus.--
            ``(A) Student success and workforce development.--A center 
        of excellence established under paragraph (1) may engage in 
        activities to ensure that students have the skills and 
        education needed to work in agriculture and food industries, 
        agriculture science, technology, engineering, mathematics, and 
        related fields of study.
            ``(B) Nutrition, health, wellness, and quality of life.--A 
        center of excellence established under paragraph (1) may carry 
        out research, education, and extension programs that increase 
        access to healthy food, improve nutrition, mitigate preventive 
        disease, and develop strategies to assist limited resource 
        individuals in accessing health and nutrition resources.
            ``(C) Farming systems, rural prosperity, and economic 
        sustainability.--A center of excellence established under 
        paragraph (1) may share best practices with farmers to improve 
        agricultural production, processing, and marketing, reduce 
        urban food deserts, examine new uses for traditional and 
        nontraditional crops, animals, and natural resources, and 
        continue activities carried out by the Center for Innovative 
        and Sustainable Small Farms, Ranches, and Forest Lands.
            ``(D) Global food security and defense.--A center of 
        excellence established under paragraph (1) may engage in 
        international partnerships that strengthen agricultural 
        development in developing countries, partner with international 
        researchers regarding new and emerging animal and plant pests 
        and diseases, engage in agricultural disaster recovery, and 
        continue activities carried out by the Center for International 
        Engagement.
            ``(E) Natural resources, energy, and environment.--A center 
        of excellence established under paragraph (1) may focus on 
        protecting and managing domestic natural resources for current 
        and future production of food and agricultural products.
            ``(F) Emerging technologies.--A center of excellence 
        established under paragraph (1) may focus on the development of 
        emerging technologies to increase agricultural productivity, 
        enhance small farm economic viability, and improve rural 
        communities by developing genetic and sensor technologies for 
        food and agriculture and providing technology training to 
        farmers.
        ``(3) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized to 
    be appropriated to carry out this subsection $10,000,000 for each 
    of fiscal years 2019 through 2023.
        ``(4) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
    enactment of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018, and every 
    year thereafter, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on 
    Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the Committee on 
    Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report 
    describing--
            ``(A) the resources invested in the centers of excellence 
        established under paragraph (1); and
            ``(B) the work being done by those centers of 
        excellence.''.
SEC. 7214. CLARIFICATION OF VETERAN ELIGIBILITY FOR ASSISTIVE 
TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM FOR FARMERS WITH DISABILITIES.
    Section 1680 of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act 
of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 5933) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (a), by adding at the end the following new 
    paragraph:
        ``(7) Clarification of application of provisions to veterans 
    with disabilities.--This subsection shall apply with respect to 
    veterans with disabilities, and their families, who--
            ``(A) are engaged in farming or farm-related occupations; 
        or
            ``(B) are pursuing new farming opportunities.'';
        (2) in subsection (b)--
            (A) by inserting ``(including veterans)'' after 
        ``individuals''; and
            (B) by inserting ``or, in the case of veterans with 
        disabilities, who are pursuing new farming opportunities'' 
        before the period at the end; and
        (3) in subsection (c)(1)(B), by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
    ``2023''.
SEC. 7215. NATIONAL RURAL INFORMATION CENTER CLEARINGHOUSE.
    Section 2381(e) of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade 
Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 3125b(e)) is amended by striking ``2018'' and 
inserting ``2023''.

Subtitle C--Agricultural Research, Extension, and Education Reform Act 
                                of 1998

SEC. 7301. NATIONAL FOOD SAFETY TRAINING, EDUCATION, EXTENSION, 
OUTREACH, AND TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAM.
    (a) Ending Limitation on Funding.--Section 405(e)(3) of the 
Agricultural Research, Extension, And Education Reform Act of 1998 (7 
U.S.C. 7625(e)(3)) is amended to read as follows:
        ``(3) Term of grant.--A grant under this section shall have a 
    term that is not more than 3 years.''.
    (b) National Food Safety Training, Education, Extension, Outreach, 
and Technical Assistance Program.--Section 405(j) of the Agricultural 
Research, Extension, and Education Reform Act of 1998 (7 U.S.C. 
7625(j)) is amended by striking ``there are authorized'' and all that 
follows through the period at the end and inserting ``there is 
authorized to be appropriated $10,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2019 
through 2023.''.
SEC. 7302. INTEGRATED RESEARCH, EDUCATION, AND EXTENSION COMPETITIVE 
GRANTS PROGRAM.
    Section 406(e) of the Agricultural Research, Extension, and 
Education Reform Act of 1998 (7 U.S.C. 7626(e)) is amended by striking 
``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.
SEC. 7303. SUPPORT FOR RESEARCH REGARDING DISEASES OF WHEAT, TRITICALE, 
AND BARLEY CAUSED BY FUSARIUM GRAMINEARUM OR BY TILLETIA INDICA.
    Section 408 of the Agricultural Research, Extension, and Education 
Reform Act of 1998 (7 U.S.C. 7628) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (e)--
            (A) in paragraph (1), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (B) in paragraph (2), by striking the period at the end and 
        inserting ``; and''; and
            (C) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(3) $15,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2019 through 
    2023.''; and
        (2) by adding at the end the following new subsection:
    ``(f) Limitation on Indirect Costs.--A recipient of a grant under 
this section may not use more than 10 percent of the funds provided by 
the grant for the indirect costs of carrying out the initiatives 
described in subsection (a).''.
SEC. 7304. GRANTS FOR YOUTH ORGANIZATIONS.
    Section 410(d)(2) of the Agricultural Research, Extension, and 
Education Reform Act of 1998 (7 U.S.C. 7630(d)(2)) is amended by 
striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.
SEC. 7305. SPECIALTY CROP RESEARCH INITIATIVE.
    (a) Industry Needs.--Section 412(b) of the Agricultural Research, 
Extension, and Education Reform Act of 1998 (7 U.S.C. 7632(b)) is 
amended--
        (1) in paragraph (1)--
            (A) by redesignating subparagraphs (B) through (E) as 
        subparagraphs (C) through (F); and
            (B) by inserting after subparagraph (A) the following:
            ``(B) size-controlling rootstock systems for perennial 
        crops;'';
        (2) in paragraph (2), by striking ``including threats to 
    specialty crop pollinators;'' and inserting the following: 
    ``including--
            ``(A) threats to specialty crop pollinators;
            ``(B) emerging and invasive species; and
            ``(C) a more effective understanding and utilization of 
        existing natural enemy complexes;'';
        (3) in paragraph (3)--
            (A) by striking ``efforts to improve'' and inserting the 
        following: ``efforts--
            ``(A) to improve'';
            (B) in subparagraph (A) (as so designated), by adding 
        ``and'' at the end; and
            (C) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(B) to achieve a better understanding of--
                ``(i) the soil rhizosphere microbiome;
                ``(ii) pesticide application systems and certified 
            drift-reduction technologies; and
                ``(iii) systems to improve and extend the storage life 
            of specialty crops;''; and
        (4) in paragraph (4), by striking ``including improved 
    mechanization and technologies that delay or inhibit ripening; 
    and'' and inserting the following: ``including--
            ``(A) mechanization and automation of labor-intensive tasks 
        in production and processing;
            ``(B) technologies that delay or inhibit ripening;
            ``(C) decision support systems driven by phenology and 
        environmental factors;
            ``(D) improved monitoring systems for agricultural pests; 
        and
            ``(E) effective systems for preharvest and postharvest 
        management of quarantine pests; and''.
    (b) Authorization of Appropriations.--Section 412(k)(2) of the 
Agricultural Research, Extension, and Education Reform Act of 1998 (7 
U.S.C. 7632(k)(2)) is amended--
        (1) in the subsection heading, by striking ``2018'' and 
    inserting ``2023''; and
        (2) by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.
SEC. 7306. FOOD ANIMAL RESIDUE AVOIDANCE DATABASE PROGRAM.
    Section 604(e) of the Agricultural Research, Extension, and 
Education Reform Act of 1998 (7 U.S.C. 7642(e)) is amended by striking 
``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.
SEC. 7307. OFFICE OF PEST MANAGEMENT POLICY.
    Section 614(f)(2) of the Agricultural Research, Extension, and 
Education Reform Act of 1998 (7 U.S.C. 7653(f)(2)) is amended by 
striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.
SEC. 7308. FORESTRY PRODUCTS ADVANCED UTILIZATION RESEARCH.
    Section 617(f)(1) of the Agricultural Research, Extension, and 
Education Reform Act of 1998 (7 U.S.C. 7655b(f)(1)) is amended by 
striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.

         Subtitle D--Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008

                     PART I--AGRICULTURAL SECURITY

SEC. 7401. AGRICULTURAL BIOSECURITY COMMUNICATION CENTER.
    Section 14112(c)(2) of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 
2008 (7 U.S.C. 8912(c)(2)) is amended by striking ``2018'' and 
inserting ``2023''.
SEC. 7402. ASSISTANCE TO BUILD LOCAL CAPACITY IN AGRICULTURAL 
BIOSECURITY PLANNING, PREPARATION, AND RESPONSE.
    Section 14113 of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008 (7 
U.S.C. 8913) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (a)(2)(B), by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
    ``2023''; and
        (2) in subsection (b)(2)(B), by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
    ``2023''.
SEC. 7403. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURAL COUNTERMEASURES.
    Section 14121(b)(2) of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 
2008 (7 U.S.C. 8921(b)(2)) is amended by striking ``2018'' and 
inserting ``2023''.
SEC. 7404. AGRICULTURAL BIOSECURITY GRANT PROGRAM.
    Section 14122(e)(2) of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 
2008 (7 U.S.C. 8922(e)(2)) is amended by striking ``2018'' and 
inserting ``2023''.

                         PART II--MISCELLANEOUS

SEC. 7411. GRAZINGLANDS RESEARCH LABORATORY.
    Section 7502 of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008 
(Public Law 110-246; 122 Stat. 2019) is amended by striking ``10-year 
period'' and inserting ``15-year period''.
SEC. 7412. FARM AND RANCH STRESS ASSISTANCE NETWORK.
    Section 7522 of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008 (7 
U.S.C. 5936) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (a), by striking ``to support cooperative 
    programs between State cooperative extension services and nonprofit 
    organizations'' and inserting ``to eligible entities described in 
    subsection (c)'';
        (2) in subsection (b)--
            (A) by striking paragraph (5);
            (B) by redesignating paragraphs (1) through (4) as 
        subparagraphs (A) through (D), respectively, and indenting the 
        subparagraphs appropriately;
            (C) by striking subparagraph (B) (as so redesignated) and 
        inserting the following:
            ``(B) training, including training programs and workshops, 
        for--
                ``(i) advocates for individuals who are engaged in 
            farming, ranching, and other occupations relating to 
            agriculture; and
                ``(ii) other individuals and entities that may assist 
            individuals who--

                    ``(I) are engaged in farming, ranching, and other 
                occupations relating to agriculture; and
                    ``(II) are in crisis;'';

            (D) in subparagraph (C) (as so redesignated), by adding 
        ``and'' after the semicolon at the end;
            (E) in subparagraph (D) (as so redesignated), by striking 
        ``activities; and'' and inserting ``activities, including the 
        dissemination of information and materials; or'';
            (F) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A) (as so 
        redesignated), by striking ``be used to initiate'' and 
        inserting the following: ``be used--
        ``(1) to initiate''; and
            (G) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(2) to enter into contracts, on a multiyear basis, with 
    community-based, direct-service organizations to initiate, expand, 
    or sustain programs described in paragraph (1) and subsection 
    (a).''; and
        (3) by striking subsections (c) and (d) and inserting the 
    following:
    ``(c) Eligible Recipients.--The Secretary may award a grant under 
this section to--
        ``(1) an Indian tribe (as defined in section 4 of the Indian 
    Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 5304));
        ``(2) a State department of agriculture;
        ``(3) a State cooperative extension service;
        ``(4) a qualified nonprofit organization, as determined by the 
    Secretary;
        ``(5) an entity providing appropriate services, as determined 
    by the Secretary, in 1 or more States; or
        ``(6) a partnership carried out by 2 or more entities described 
    in paragraphs (1) through (5).
    ``(d) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this section $10,000,000 for 
each of fiscal years 2019 through 2023.
    ``(e) Report to Congress.--
        ``(1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
    enactment of this subsection, the Secretary, in coordination with 
    the Secretary of Health and Human Services, shall submit to 
    Congress and any other relevant Federal department or agency, and 
    make publicly available, a report describing the state of 
    behavioral and mental health of individuals who are engaged in 
    farming, ranching, and other occupations relating to agriculture.
        ``(2) Contents.--The report under paragraph (1) shall include--
            ``(A) an inventory and assessment of efforts to support the 
        behavioral and mental health of individuals who are engaged in 
        farming, ranching, and other occupations relating to 
        agriculture by--
                ``(i) the Federal Government, States, and units of 
            local government;
                ``(ii) communities comprised of those individuals;
                ``(iii) health care providers;
                ``(iv) State cooperative extension services; and
                ``(v) other appropriate entities, as determined by the 
            Secretary;
            ``(B) a description of the challenges faced by individuals 
        who are engaged in farming, ranching, and other occupations 
        relating to agriculture that may impact the behavioral and 
        mental health of farmers and ranchers;
            ``(C) a description of how the Department of Agriculture 
        can improve coordination and cooperation with Federal health 
        departments and agencies, including the Department of Health 
        and Human Services, the Substance Abuse and Mental Health 
        Services Administration, the Health Resources and Services 
        Administration, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 
        and the National Institutes of Health, to best address the 
        behavioral and mental health of individuals who are engaged in 
        farming, ranching, and other occupations relating to 
        agriculture;
            ``(D) a long-term strategy for responding to the challenges 
        described under subparagraph (B) and recommendations based on 
        best practices for further action to be carried out by 
        appropriate Federal departments or agencies to improve Federal 
        Government response and seek to prevent suicide among 
        individuals who are engaged in farming, ranching, and other 
        occupations relating to agriculture; and
            ``(E) an evaluation of the impact that behavioral and 
        mental health challenges and outcomes (including suicide) among 
        individuals who are engaged in farming, ranching, and other 
        agriculture related occupations have on--
                ``(i) the agricultural workforce;
                ``(ii) agricultural production;
                ``(iii) rural families and communities; and
                ``(iv) succession planning.
    ``(f) State Defined.--For purposes of this section, the term 
`State' has the meaning given such term in section 1404 of the National 
Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 
U.S.C. 3103).''.
SEC. 7413. NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH PROGRAM.
    Section 7525(e) of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008 
(7 U.S.C. 5937(e)) is amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
``2023''.
SEC. 7414. SUN GRANT PROGRAM.
    Section 7526(g) of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008 
(7 U.S.C. 8114(g)) is amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
``2023''.

                  Subtitle E--Amendments to Other Laws

SEC. 7501. CRITICAL AGRICULTURAL MATERIALS ACT.
    (a) Hemp Research.--Section 5(b)(9) of the Critical Agricultural 
Materials Act (7 U.S.C. 178c(b)(9)) is amended by inserting ``, and 
including hemp (as defined in section 297A of the Agricultural 
Marketing Act of 1946)'' after ``hydrocarbon-containing plants''.
    (b) Authorization of Appropriations.--Section 16(a)(2) of the 
Critical Agricultural Materials Act (7 U.S.C. 178n(a)(2)) is amended by 
striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.
SEC. 7502. EQUITY IN EDUCATIONAL LAND-GRANT STATUS ACT OF 1994.
    (a) 1994 Institution Defined.--
        (1) In general.--Section 532 of the Equity in Educational Land-
    Grant Status Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 301 note; Public Law 103-382) is 
    amended to read as follows:
    ``SEC. 532. DEFINITION OF 1994 INSTITUTION.
    ``In this part, the term `1994 Institution' means any of the 
following colleges:
        ``(1) Aaniiih Nakoda College.
        ``(2) Bay Mills Community College.
        ``(3) Blackfeet Community College.
        ``(4) Cankdeska Cikana Community College.
        ``(5) Chief Dull Knife College.
        ``(6) College of Menominee Nation.
        ``(7) College of the Muscogee Nation.
        ``(8) D-Q University.
        ``(9) Dine College.
        ``(10) Fond du Lac Tribal and Community College.
        ``(11) Fort Peck Community College.
        ``(12) Haskell Indian Nations University.
        ``(13) Ilisagvik College.
        ``(14) Institute of American Indian and Alaska Native Culture 
    and Arts Development.
        ``(15) Keweenaw Bay Ojibwa Community College.
        ``(16) Lac Courte Oreilles Ojibwa Community College.
        ``(17) Leech Lake Tribal College.
        ``(18) Little Big Horn College.
        ``(19) Little Priest Tribal College.
        ``(20) Navajo Technical University.
        ``(21) Nebraska Indian Community College.
        ``(22) Northwest Indian College.
        ``(23) Nueta Hidatsa Sahnish College.
        ``(24) Oglala Lakota College.
        ``(25) Red Lake Nation College.
        ``(26) Saginaw Chippewa Tribal College.
        ``(27) Salish Kootenai College.
        ``(28) Sinte Gleska University.
        ``(29) Sisseton Wahpeton College.
        ``(30) Sitting Bull College.
        ``(31) Southwestern Indian Polytechnic Institute.
        ``(32) Stone Child College.
        ``(33) Tohono O'odham Community College.
        ``(34) Turtle Mountain Community College.
        ``(35) United Tribes Technical College.
        ``(36) White Earth Tribal and Community College.''.
        (2) Effective date.--The amendment made by paragraph (1) shall 
    take effect on the date of the enactment of this Act.
    (b) Endowment for 1994 Institutions.--Section 533(b) of the Equity 
in Educational Land-Grant Status Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 301 note; Public 
Law 103-382) is amended in the first sentence by striking ``2018'' and 
inserting ``2023''.
    (c) Institutional Capacity Building Grants.--Section 535 of the 
Equity in Educational Land-Grant Status Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 301 note; 
Public Law 103-382) is amended by striking ``2018'' each place it 
appears in subsections (b)(1) and (c) and inserting ``2023''.
    (d) Research Grants.--Section 536(c) of the Equity in Educational 
Land-Grant Status Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 301 note; Public Law 103-382) 
is amended in the first sentence by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
``2023''.
SEC. 7503. RESEARCH FACILITIES ACT.
    (a) Agricultural Research Facility Defined.--The Research 
Facilities Act is amended--
        (1) in section 2(1) (7 U.S.C. 390(1)) by striking ``a college, 
    university, or nonprofit institution'' and inserting ``an entity 
    eligible to receive funds under a capacity and infrastructure 
    program (as defined in section 251(f)(1)(C) of the Department of 
    Agriculture Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 6971(f)(1)(C)))''; 
    and
        (2) in section 3(c)(2)(D) (7 U.S.C. 390a(c)(2)(D)), by striking 
    ``recipient college, university, or nonprofit institution'' and 
    inserting ``recipient entity''.
    (b) Long-term Support.--Section 3(c)(2)(D) of the Research 
Facilities Act (7 U.S.C. 390a(c)(2)(D)), as amended by subsection (a), 
is further amended by striking ``operating costs'' and inserting 
``operating and maintenance costs''.
    (c) Competitive Grant Program.--The Research Facilities Act is 
amended by inserting after section 3 (7 U.S.C. 390a) the following new 
section:
``SEC. 4. COMPETITIVE GRANT PROGRAM.
    ``The Secretary shall establish a program to make competitive 
grants to assist in the construction, alteration, acquisition, 
modernization, renovation, or remodeling of agricultural research 
facilities.''.
    (d) Authorization of Appropriations and Funding Limitations.--
Section 6 of the Research Facilities Act (7 U.S.C. 390d) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (a)--
            (A) by striking ``subsection (b),'' and inserting 
        ``subsections (b), (c), and (d),'';
            (B) by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''; and
            (C) by adding at the end the following new sentence: 
        ``Funds appropriated pursuant to the preceding sentence shall 
        be available until expended.''; and
        (2) by adding at the end the following new subsections:
    ``(c) Maximum Amount.--Not more than 25 percent of the funds made 
available pursuant to subsection (a) for any fiscal year shall be used 
for any single agricultural research facility project.
    ``(d) Project Limitation.--An entity eligible to receive funds 
under this Act may receive funds for only one project at a time.''.
SEC. 7504. AGRICULTURE AND FOOD RESEARCH INITIATIVE.
    Subsection (b) of the Competitive, Special, and Facilities Research 
Grant Act (7 U.S.C. 3157(b)) is amended--
        (1) in paragraph (2)--
            (A) in subparagraph (D)--
                (i) by redesignating clauses (iii) through (vii) as 
            clauses (iv) through (viii), respectively; and
                (ii) by inserting after clause (ii) the following new 
            clause:
                ``(iii) soil health;'';
            (B) in subparagraph (E)--
                (i) in clause (iii), by striking ``and'' at the end;
                (ii) in clause (iv), by striking the period at the end 
            and inserting ``; and''; and
                (iii) by adding at the end the following new clause:
                ``(v) tools that accelerate the use of automation or 
            mechanization for labor-intensive tasks in the production 
            and distribution of crops.''; and
            (C) in subparagraph (F)--
                (i) in clause (vi), by striking ``and'' at the end;
                (ii) in clause (vii), by striking the period at the end 
            and inserting ``; and''; and
                (iii) by adding at the end the following new clause:
                ``(viii) barriers and bridges to entry and farm 
            viability for young, beginning, socially disadvantaged, 
            veteran, and immigrant farmers and ranchers, including farm 
            succession, transition, transfer, entry, and profitability 
            issues.'';
        (2) in paragraph (6)--
            (A) in subparagraph (D), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (B) in subparagraph (E), by striking the period at the end 
        and inserting ``; and''; and
            (C) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(F) to an institution to carry out collaboration in 
        biomedical and agricultural research using existing research 
        models.''; and
        (3) in paragraph (11)(A)--
            (A) in the matter preceding clause (i), by striking 
        ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''; and
            (B) in clause (ii), by striking ``4'' and inserting ``5''.
SEC. 7505. EXTENSION DESIGN AND DEMONSTRATION INITIATIVE.
    (a) In General.--The Competitive, Special, and Facilities Research 
Grant Act (7 U.S.C. 3157) is amended by inserting after subsection (c) 
the following:
    ``(d) Extension Design and Demonstration Initiative.--
        ``(1) Purpose.--The purpose of this subsection is to encourage 
    the design of adaptive prototype systems for improving extension 
    and education that seek to advance the application, translation, 
    and demonstration of scientific discoveries and other agricultural 
    research for the adoption and understanding of food, agricultural, 
    and natural resources practices, techniques, methods, and 
    technologies using digital or other novel platforms.
        ``(2) Grants.--The Secretary shall award grants each fiscal 
    year on a competitive basis--
            ``(A) for the design of 1 or more extension and education 
        prototype systems--
                ``(i) that leverage digital platforms or other novel 
            means of translating, delivering, or demonstrating 
            agricultural research; and
                ``(ii) to adapt, apply, translate, or demonstrate 
            scientific findings, data, technology, and other research 
            outcomes to producers, the agricultural industry, and other 
            interested persons or organizations; and
            ``(B) to demonstrate, by incorporating analytics and 
        specific metrics, the value, impact, and return on the Federal 
        investment of a prototype system designed under subparagraph 
        (A) as a model for use by other eligible entities described in 
        paragraph (3) for improving, modernizing, and adapting applied 
        research, demonstration, and extension services.
        ``(3) Eligible entities.--An entity that is eligible to receive 
    a grant under paragraph (2) is--
            ``(A) a State agricultural experiment station (as defined 
        in section 1404 of the National Agricultural Research, 
        Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3103));
            ``(B) a cooperative extension service (as defined in such 
        section); and
            ``(C) a land-grant college or university (as defined in 
        such section) .
        ``(4) Requirement.--The Secretary shall award grants under 
    paragraph (2) to not fewer than 2 and not more than 5 eligible 
    entities described in paragraph (3) that represent a diversity of 
    regions, commodities, and agricultural or food production issues.
        ``(5) Term.--The term of a grant awarded under paragraph (2) 
    shall be not longer than 5 years.
        ``(6) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized to 
    be appropriated to carry out this subsection $5,000,000 for each of 
    fiscal years 2019 through 2023, to remain available until 
    expended.''.
    (b) Technical and Conforming Amendments.--The Competitive, Special, 
and Facilities Research Grant Act (7 U.S.C. 3157) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (c)(2), in the matter preceding subparagraph 
    (A), by striking ``subsection--'' and all that follows through 
    ``for the planning'' in subparagraph (B) and inserting ``subsection 
    for the planning''; and
        (2) in subsection (h), by inserting ``, (d),'' after 
    ``subsections (b)''.
SEC. 7506. REPEAL OF REVIEW OF AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE.
    Section 7404 of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 
(7 U.S.C. 3101 note; Public Law 107-171) is repealed.
SEC. 7507. BIOMASS RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT.
    Section 9008 of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 
(7 U.S.C. 8108) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (a)(1)--
            (A) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``or'' at the end;
            (B) in subparagraph (B), by striking the period at the end 
        and inserting ``; or''; and
            (C) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(C) carbon dioxide that--
                ``(i) is intended for permanent sequestration or 
            utilization; and
                ``(ii) is a byproduct of the production of the products 
            described in subparagraphs (A) and (B).'';
        (2) in subsection (d)(2)(A)--
            (A) in clause (xii), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (B) by redesignating clause (xiii) as clause (xiv); and
            (C) by inserting after clause (xii) the following:
                ``(xiii) an individual with expertise in carbon dioxide 
            capture, utilization, and sequestration; and'';
        (3) in subsection (e)--
            (A) in paragraph (2)(B)--
                (i) in clause (ii), by striking ``and'' at the end; and
                (ii) by adding at the end the following:
                ``(iv) to permanently sequester or utilize carbon 
            dioxide described in subsection (a)(1)(C); and''; and
            (B) in paragraph (3)(B)--
                (i) in clause (i), by striking ``and'' at the end;
                (ii) in clause (ii), by striking the period at the end 
            and inserting ``; and''; and
                (iii) by adding at the end the following:
                ``(iii) the development of technologies to permanently 
            sequester or utilize carbon dioxide described in subsection 
            (a)(1)(C).''; and
        (4) in subsection (h)(2), by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
    ``2023''.
SEC. 7508. REINSTATEMENT OF MATCHING REQUIREMENT FOR FEDERAL FUNDS USED 
IN EXTENSION WORK AT THE UNIVERSITY OF THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.
    (a) In General.--Section 209(c) of the District of Columbia Public 
Postsecondary Education Reorganization Act (Public Law 93-471; sec. 38-
1202.09(c), D.C. Official Code) is amended by inserting after the first 
sentence the following: ``Such sums may be used to pay not more than 
\1/2\ of the total cost of providing such extension work.''.
    (b) Effective Date.--The amendment made by subsection (a) shall 
take effect on the date of the enactment of this Act.
SEC. 7509. RENEWABLE RESOURCES EXTENSION ACT OF 1978.
    (a) Authorization of Appropriations.--Section 6 of the Renewable 
Resources Extension Act of 1978 (16 U.S.C. 1675) is amended in the 
first sentence by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.
    (b) Termination Date.--Section 8 of the Renewable Resources 
Extension Act of 1978 (16 U.S.C. 1671 note; Public Law 95-306) is 
amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.
SEC. 7510. NATIONAL AQUACULTURE ACT OF 1980.
    Section 10 of the National Aquaculture Act of 1980 (16 U.S.C. 2809) 
is amended by striking ``2018'' each place it appears and inserting 
``2023''.
SEC. 7511. FEDERAL AGRICULTURE RESEARCH FACILITIES.
    Section 1431 of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and 
Teaching Policy Act Amendments of 1985 (title XIV of Public Law 99-198; 
99 Stat. 1556) is amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.

                       Subtitle F--Other Matters

SEC. 7601. ENHANCED USE LEASE AUTHORITY PROGRAM.
    (a) Transition to Permanent Program.--Section 308 of the Federal 
Crop Insurance Reform and Department of Agriculture Reorganization Act 
of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 3125a note) is amended--
        (1) in the section heading, by striking ``pilot''; and
        (2) in subsection (a), by striking ``pilot''.
    (b) Termination of Authority Extended.--Section 308(b)(6)(A) of the 
Federal Crop Insurance Reform and Department of Agriculture 
Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 3125a note) is amended by striking 
``on the date that is 10 years after the date of enactment of this 
section'' and inserting ``on September 30, 2023''.
    (c) Reports.--Section 308(d)(2) of the Federal Crop Insurance 
Reform and Department of Agriculture Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 
U.S.C. 3125a note) is amended by striking ``Not later than 6, 8, and 10 
years after the date of enactment of this section'' and inserting ``Not 
later than September 30, 2021''.
SEC. 7602. TRANSFER OF ADMINISTRATIVE JURISDICTION OVER PORTION OF 
HENRY A. WALLACE BELTSVILLE AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH CENTER, BELTSVILLE, 
MARYLAND.
    (a) Transfer Authorized.--Subject to subsection (e), the Secretary 
may transfer to the Secretary of the Treasury administrative 
jurisdiction over a parcel of real property at the Henry A. Wallace 
Beltsville Agricultural Research Center consisting of approximately 100 
acres, which was originally acquired by the United States through land 
acquisitions in 1910 and 1925, and is generally located off of Poultry 
Road lying between Powder Mill Road and Odell Road in Beltsville, 
Maryland, for the purpose of facilitating the establishment of Bureau 
of Engraving and Printing facilities on the parcel.
    (b) Legal Description and Map.--
        (1) Preparation.--The Secretary shall prepare a legal 
    description and map of the parcel of real property to be 
    transferred under subsection (a).
        (2) Force of law.--The legal description and map prepared under 
    paragraph (1) shall have the same force and effect as if included 
    in this Act, except that the Secretary may correct errors in the 
    legal description and map.
    (c) Terms and Conditions.--The transfer of administrative 
jurisdiction under subsection (a) shall be subject to easements, valid 
existing rights, and such other reservations, terms, and conditions as 
the Secretary considers to be necessary.
    (d) Waiver.--The parcel of real property under subsection (a) is 
exempt from Federal screening for other possible use due to an 
identified Federal need for the parcel as the site of Bureau of 
Engraving and Printing facilities.
    (e) Conditions for Transfer.--As a condition of the transfer of 
administrative jurisdiction under subsection (a) with respect to the 
parcel described in such subsection--
        (1) the Secretary of the Treasury shall agree to pay the 
    Secretary the costs incurred to carry out such transfer, including 
    the costs for--
            (A) any environmental or administrative analysis required 
        by law with respect to the parcel to be so transferred;
            (B) a survey of such parcel, if necessary; and
            (C) any hazardous substances assessment of the parcel to be 
        so transferred; and
        (2) except as provided in subsection (d), the Secretary shall 
    enter into a binding memorandum of agreement with the Secretary of 
    the Treasury regarding the responsibilities, including financial 
    responsibilities, of each party for evaluating and, if necessary, 
    remediating or otherwise addressing hazardous substances, 
    pollutants, or contaminants found at the parcel described in 
    subsection (a).
    (f) Hazardous Materials.--Nothing in this section, or the 
amendments made by this section, amends, alters, or affects the 
relevant Federal and State environmental laws, including the 
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act 
of 1980 (42 U.S.C. 9601 et seq.), or the application of such laws to 
the parcel of real property transferred under subsection (a).
SEC. 7603. FOUNDATION FOR FOOD AND AGRICULTURE RESEARCH.
    Section 7601 of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 5939) is 
amended--
        (1) in subsection (d)(1)--
            (A) in subparagraph (B)--
                (i) in clause (ii), by striking ``conflicts;'' and 
            inserting ``conflicts, specifically at the Department of 
            Agriculture; and''; and
                (ii) by adding at the end the following new clause:
                ``(iii) document the consultation process and include a 
            summary of the results in the annual report required in 
            subsection (f)(3)(B)''; and
            (B) in subparagraph (D), by inserting ``and agriculture 
        stakeholders'' after ``community'';
        (2) in subsection (e)--
            (A) in paragraph (2)(C)(ii)(I), by inserting ``agriculture 
        or'' before ``agricultural research''; and
            (B) in paragraph (4)(A)--
                (i) in clause (iii), by striking ``and'' at the end;
                (ii) by redesignating clause (iv) as clause (v); and
                (iii) by inserting after clause (iii) the following:
                ``(iv) actively solicit and accept funds, gifts, 
            grants, devises, or bequests of real or personal property 
            made to the Foundation, including from private entities; 
            and'';
        (3) in subsection (f)--
            (A) in paragraph (2)(A)(iii), by striking ``any''; and
            (B) in paragraph (3)(B)--
                (i) in clause (i)(I)--

                    (I) in the matter preceding item (aa), by inserting 
                ``and post online'' before ``a report'';
                    (II) in item (aa), by striking ``accomplishments; 
                and'' and inserting ``accomplishments and how those 
                activities align to the challenges identified in the 
                strategic plan under clause (iv);'';
                    (III) in item (bb), by striking the period at the 
                end and inserting ``; and''; and
                    (IV) by adding at the end the following:

                        ``(cc) a description of available agricultural 
                    research programs and priorities for the upcoming 
                    fiscal year.''; and
                (ii) by adding at the end the following:
                ``(iii) Stakeholder notice.--The Foundation shall 
            publish an annual notice with a description of agricultural 
            research priorities under this section for the upcoming 
            fiscal year, including--

                    ``(I) a schedule for funding competitions;
                    ``(II) a discussion of how applications for funding 
                will be evaluated; and
                    ``(III) how the Foundation will communicate 
                information about funded awards to the public to ensure 
                that grantees and partners understand the objectives of 
                the Foundation.

                ``(iv) Strategic plan.--Not later than 1 year after the 
            date of enactment of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 
            2018, the Foundation shall submit to the Committee on 
            Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the 
            Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the 
            Senate a strategic plan describing a path for the 
            Foundation to become self-sustaining, including--

                    ``(I) a forecast of major agricultural challenge 
                opportunities identified by the scientific advisory 
                councils of the Foundation and approved by the Board, 
                including short- and long-term objectives;
                    ``(II) an overview of the efforts that the 
                Foundation will take to be transparent in each of the 
                processes of the Foundation, including--

                        ``(aa) processes relating to grant awards, 
                    including the selection, review, and notification 
                    processes;
                        ``(bb) communication of past, current, and 
                    future research priorities; and
                        ``(cc) plans to solicit and respond to public 
                    input on the opportunities identified in the 
                    strategic plan;

                    ``(III) a description of financial goals and 
                benchmarks for the next 10 years, including a detailed 
                plan for--

                        ``(aa) raising funds in amounts greater than 
                    the amounts required under subsection (g)(1)(B);
                        ``(bb) soliciting additional resources pursuant 
                    to subsections (e)(4)(A)(iv) and (f)(2)(A)(iii); 
                    and
                        ``(cc) managing and leveraging such resources 
                    pursuant to subsection (f)(2)(A)(vii); and

                    ``(IV) other related issues, as determined by the 
                Board.''; and

        (4) in subsection (g)(1)--
            (A) in the paragraph heading, by striking ``Mandatory 
        funding'' and inserting ``Funding'';
            (B) in subparagraph (A)--
                (i) by striking ``On the date'' and inserting the 
            following:
                ``(i) Establishment funding.--On the date''; and
                (ii) by adding at the end the following:
                ``(ii) Enhanced funding.--On the date on which the 
            strategic plan described in subsection (f)(3)(B)(iv) is 
            submitted, of the funds of the Commodity Credit 
            Corporation, the Secretary shall transfer to the Foundation 
            to carry out this section $185,000,000, to remain available 
            until expended.''; and
            (C) in subparagraph (B)--
                (i) by striking ``The Foundation'' and inserting the 
            following:
                ``(i) In general.--The Foundation'';
                (ii) in clause (i) (as so designated)--

                    (I) by striking ``purposes'' and inserting 
                ``purposes, duties, and powers''; and
                    (II) by striking ``non-Federal matching funds for 
                each expenditure'' and inserting ``matching funds from 
                a non-Federal source, including an agricultural 
                commodity promotion, research, and information 
                program''; and

                (iii) by adding at the end the following:
                ``(ii) Effect.--Nothing in this section requires the 
            Foundation to require a matching contribution from an 
            individual grantee as a condition of receiving a grant 
            under this section.''.
SEC. 7604. ASSISTANCE FOR FORESTRY RESEARCH UNDER THE MCINTIRE-STENNIS 
COOPERATIVE FORESTRY ACT.
    Section 2 of Public Law 87-788 (commonly known as the ``McIntire-
Stennis Cooperative Forestry Act'') (16 U.S.C. 582a-1) is amended in 
the second sentence--
        (1) by striking ``and'' before ``1890 Institutions''; and
        (2) by inserting ``and 1994 Institutions (as defined in section 
    532 of the Equity in Educational Land-Grant Status Act of 1994 (7 
    U.S.C. 301 note; Public Law 103-382)) that offer an associate's 
    degree or a baccalaureate degree in forestry,'' before ``and (b)''.
SEC. 7605. LEGITIMACY OF INDUSTRIAL HEMP RESEARCH.
    (a) In General.--Section 7606 of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 
U.S.C. 5940) is amended--
        (1) by redesignating subsections (a) and (b) as subsections (b) 
    and (a), respectively, and moving the subsections so as to appear 
    in alphabetical order;
        (2) in subsection (a) (as so redesignated)--
            (A) by redesignating paragraph (3) as paragraph (4); and
            (B) by inserting after paragraph (2) the following:
        ``(3) State.--The term `State' has the meaning given such term 
    in section 297A of the Agricultural Marketing Act of 1946.'';
        (3) in subsection (b) (as so redesignated), in the subsection 
    heading, by striking ``In General'' and inserting ``Industrial Hemp 
    Research''; and
        (4) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(c) Study and Report.--
        ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall conduct a study of 
    agricultural pilot programs--
            ``(A) to determine the economic viability of the domestic 
        production and sale of industrial hemp; and
            ``(B) that shall include a review of--
                ``(i) each agricultural pilot program; and
                ``(ii) any other agricultural or academic research 
            relating to industrial hemp.
        ``(2) Report.--Not later than 12 months after the date of 
    enactment of this subsection, the Secretary shall submit to 
    Congress a report describing the results of the study conducted 
    under paragraph (1).''.
    (b) Repeal.--Effective on the date that is 1 year after the date on 
which the Secretary establishes a plan under section 297C of the 
Agricultural Marketing Act of 1946, section 7606 of the Agricultural 
Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 5940) is repealed.
SEC. 7606. COLLECTION OF DATA RELATING TO BARLEY AREA PLANTED AND 
HARVESTED.
    For all acreage reports published after the date of enactment of 
this Act, the Secretary, acting through the Administrator of the 
National Agricultural Statistics Service, shall include the State of 
New York in the States surveyed to produce the table entitled ``Barley 
Area Planted and Harvested'' in those reports.
SEC. 7607. COLLECTION OF DATA RELATING TO THE SIZE AND LOCATION OF 
DAIRY FARMS.
    (a) In General.--Not later than 60 days after the date on which the 
2017 Census of Agriculture is released, the Secretary, acting through 
the Administrator of the Economic Research Service, shall update the 
report entitled ``Changes in the Size and Location of US Dairy Farms'' 
contained in the report of the Economic Research Service entitled 
``Profits, Costs, and the Changing Structure of Dairy Farming'' and 
published in September 2007.
    (b) Requirement.--In updating the report described in subsection 
(a), the Secretary shall, to the maximum extent practicable, use the 
same unit of measurement for reporting the full range of herd sizes in 
Table 1 and Table 2 of the report while maintaining confidentiality of 
individual producers.
SEC. 7608. AGRICULTURE INNOVATION CENTER DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM.
    Section 6402 of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 
(7 U.S.C. 1632b) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (d)(2)--
            (A) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by striking 
        ``representatives of each of the following groups'' and 
        inserting ``a diverse group of representatives of public and 
        private entities, including the following:'';
            (B) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``The 2'' and 
        inserting ``Two'';
            (C) in subparagraph (B), by inserting ``or a State 
        legislator,'' after ``agency,''; and
            (D) by amending subparagraph (C) to read as follows:
            ``(C) Four entities representing commodities produced in 
        the State.'';
        (2) in subsection (e)(1), by striking ``subsection (i)'' and 
    inserting ``subsection (g)''; and
        (3) by striking subsections (g), (h), and (i) and inserting the 
    following new subsection:
    ``(g) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $15,000,000 for each of fiscal 
years 2019 through 2023.''.
SEC. 7609. SMITH-LEVER COMMUNITY EXTENSION PROGRAM.
    (a) In General.--Section 3(d) of the Smith-Lever Act (7 U.S.C. 
343(d)) is amended by adding at the end the following new sentence: ``A 
1994 Institution (as defined in section 532 of the Equity in 
Educational Land-Grant Status Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 301 note; Public 
Law 103-382)) may compete for and receive funds directly from the 
Secretary of Agriculture for the Children, Youth, and Families at Risk 
funding program and the Federally Recognized Tribes Extension 
Program.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--Section 533(a)(2)(A) of the Equity in 
Educational Land-Grant Status Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 301 note; Public 
Law 103-382) is amended by striking clause (ii) and inserting the 
following:
                ``(ii) the Smith-Lever Act (7 U.S.C. 341 et seq.), 
            except as provided under--

                    ``(I) section 3(b)(3) of that Act (7 U.S.C. 
                343(b)(3)); or
                    ``(II) the third sentence of section 3(d) of that 
                Act (7 U.S.C. 343(d)); or''.

SEC. 7610. MECHANIZATION AND AUTOMATION FOR SPECIALTY CROPS.
    (a) In General.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall conduct a review of the 
programs of the Department of Agriculture that affect the production or 
processing of specialty crops.
    (b) Requirements.--The review under subsection (a) shall identify--
        (1) programs that currently are, or previously have been, 
    effectively used to accelerate the development and use of 
    automation or mechanization in the production or processing of 
    specialty crops; and
        (2) programs that may be more effectively used to accelerate 
    the development and use of automation or mechanization in the 
    production or processing of specialty crops.
    (c) Strategy.--With respect to programs identified under subsection 
(b), the Secretary shall develop and implement a strategy to accelerate 
the development and use of automation and mechanization in the 
production or processing of specialty crops.
SEC. 7611. EXPERIENCED SERVICES PROGRAM.
    Section 1252 of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3851) is 
amended--
        (1) in the section heading, by striking ``agriculture 
    conservation'';
        (2) in subsection (a)--
            (A) in the first sentence--
                (i) by striking ``a conservation'' and inserting 
            ``an'';
                (ii) by striking ``(in this section referred to as the 
            `ACES Program')'' and inserting ``(referred to in this 
            section as the `program')''; and
                (iii) by striking ``provide technical'' and inserting 
            the following: ``provide--
        ``(1) technical''; and
            (B) in paragraph (1) (as so designated)--
                (i) by striking ``Secretary. Such technical services 
            may include'' and inserting ``Secretary, including'';
                (ii) by striking the period at the end and inserting 
            ``; and''; and
                (iii) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(2) technical, professional, and administrative services to 
    support the research, education, and economics mission area of the 
    Department of Agriculture (including the Agricultural Research 
    Service, the Economic Research Service, the National Agricultural 
    Library, the National Agricultural Statistics Service, the Office 
    of the Chief Scientist, and the National Institute of Food and 
    Agriculture), including--
            ``(A) supporting agricultural research and information;
            ``(B) advancing scientific knowledge relating to 
        agriculture;
            ``(C) enhancing access to agricultural information;
            ``(D) providing statistical information and research 
        results to farmers, ranchers, agribusiness, and public 
        officials; and
            ``(E) assisting research, education, and extension programs 
        in land-grant colleges and universities (as defined in section 
        1404 of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and 
        Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3103)).'';
        (3) by striking ``ACES'' each place it appears;
        (4) by striking ``technical services'' each place it appears 
    (other than in subsection (a)) and inserting ``technical, 
    professional, or administrative services, as applicable,''; and
        (5) in subsection (c)--
            (A) in paragraph (1)--
                (i) by striking the paragraph heading and inserting 
            ``Conservation technical services.--''; and
                (ii) by inserting ``with respect to subsection 
            (a)(1),'' before ``the Secretary''; and
            (B) by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
        ``(3) Research, education, and economics services.--With 
    respect to services referred to in subsection (a)(2), the Secretary 
    may carry out the program under the mission area referred to in 
    such subsection to the extent that funds are specifically 
    appropriated to provide such services under such mission area.''.
SEC. 7612. SIMPLIFIED PLAN OF WORK.
    (a) Smith-Lever Act.--The Smith-Lever Act is amended--
        (1) in section 3(h)(2) (7 U.S.C. 343(h)(2)), by striking 
    subparagraph (D); and
        (2) in section 4(c) (7 U.S.C. 344(c)), by striking paragraphs 
    (1) through (5) and inserting the following new paragraphs:
        ``(1) A summary of planned projects or programs in the State 
    using formula funds.
        ``(2) A description of the manner in which the State will meet 
    the requirements of section 3(h).
        ``(3) A description of the manner in which the State will meet 
    the requirements of section 3(i)(2) of the Hatch Act of 1887 (7 
    U.S.C. 361c(i)(2)).
        ``(4) A description of matching funds provided by the State 
    with respect to the previous fiscal year.''.
    (b) Hatch Act.--The Hatch Act of 1887 is amended--
        (1) in section 3 (7 U.S.C. 361c)--
            (A) by amending subsection (h) to read as follows:
    ``(h) Peer Review.--Research carried out under subsection (c)(3) 
shall be subject to scientific peer review. The review of a project 
conducted under this subsection shall be considered to satisfy the 
merit review requirements of section 103(e) of the Agricultural 
Research, Extension, and Education Reform Act of 1998 (7 U.S.C. 
7613(e)).''; and
            (B) in subsection (i)(2), by striking subparagraph (D); and
        (2) in section 7(e) (7 U.S.C. 361g(e)), by striking paragraphs 
    (1) through (4) and inserting the following new paragraphs:
        ``(1) A summary of planned projects or programs in the State 
    using formula funds.
        ``(2) A description of the manner in which the State will meet 
    the requirements of subsections (c)(3) and (i)(2) of section 3.
        ``(3) A description of matching funds provided by the State 
    with respect to the previous fiscal year.''.
    (c) Extension and Research at 1890 Institutions.--
        (1) Extension.--Section 1444(d)(3) of the National Agricultural 
    Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 
    3221(d)(3)) is amended by striking subparagraphs (A) through (E) 
    and inserting the following new subparagraphs:
            ``(A) A summary of planned projects or programs in the 
        State using formula funds.
            ``(B) A description of matching funds provided by the State 
        with respect to the previous fiscal year.''.
        (2) Research.--Section 1445(c)(3) of the National Agricultural 
    Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 
    3222(c)(3)) is amended by striking subparagraphs (A) through (E) 
    and inserting the following new subparagraphs:
            ``(A) A summary of planned projects or programs in the 
        State using formula funds.
            ``(B) A description of matching funds provided by the State 
        with respect to the previous fiscal year.''.
SEC. 7613. REVIEW OF LAND-GRANT TIME AND EFFORT REPORTING REQUIREMENTS.
    (a) In General.--The Secretary, in consultation with the Office of 
Management and Budget, shall review and revise current reporting 
requirements related to compensation charges, documentation of 
personnel expenses, and other requirements that are commonly referred 
to as time and effort reporting for entities that receive funds under a 
program referred to in clause (iii), (iv), (vii), (viii), or (xii) of 
section 251(f)(1)(C) of the Department of Agriculture Reorganization 
Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 6971(f)(1)(C)).
    (b) Revisions.--The Secretary shall ensure that any revision made 
pursuant to subsection (a)--
        (1) is developed in collaboration with entities described in 
    subsection (a); and
        (2) reduces the amount of paperwork and time required by the 
    requirements referred to in such subsection, as such requirements 
    are in effect on the date of the enactment of this Act.
SEC. 7614. MATCHING FUNDS REQUIREMENT.
    (a) Repeal.--Subtitle P of the National Agricultural Research, 
Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3371) is repealed.
    (b) Conforming Amendments.--
        (1) National agricultural research, extension, and teaching 
    policy act of 1977.--
            (A) Grants to enhance research capacity in schools of 
        veterinary medicine.--Section 1415(a) of the National 
        Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 
        1977 (7 U.S.C. 3151(a)) is amended--
                (i) by striking ``The Secretary'' and inserting the 
            following:
        ``(1) In general.--The Secretary''; and
                (ii) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(2) Matching requirement.--A State receiving a grant under 
    paragraph (1) shall provide State matching funds equal to not less 
    than the amount of the grant.''.
            (B) Aquaculture assistance grant program.--Section 1475(b) 
        of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching 
        Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3322(b)) is amended by striking 
        ``The Secretary'' and all that follows through the period at 
        the end and inserting the following:
        ``(1) In general.--Subject to paragraph (3), the Secretary may 
    make competitive grants to entities eligible for grants under 
    paragraph (2) for research and extension to facilitate or expand 
    promising advances in the production and marketing of aquacultural 
    food species and products and to enhance the safety and 
    wholesomeness of those species and products, including the 
    development of reliable supplies of seed stock and therapeutic 
    compounds.
        ``(2) Eligible entities.--The Secretary may make a competitive 
    grant under paragraph (1) to--
            ``(A) a land-grant or seagrant college or university;
            ``(B) a State agricultural experiment station;
            ``(C) a college, university, or Federal laboratory having a 
        demonstrable capacity to conduct aquacultural research, as 
        determined by the Secretary; or
            ``(D) a nonprofit private research institution.
        ``(3) Matching state grants.--
            ``(A) In general.--Except as provided in subparagraph (B), 
        the Secretary shall not make a grant under paragraph (1) unless 
        the State in which the grant recipient is located makes a grant 
        to that recipient in an amount equal to not less than the 
        amount of the grant under paragraph (1) (of which State amount 
        an in-kind contribution shall not exceed 50 percent).
            ``(B) Federal laboratories.--Subparagraph (A) shall not 
        apply to a grant to a Federal laboratory.''.
            (C) Rangeland research.--Section 1480 of the National 
        Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 
        1977 (7 U.S.C. 3333) is amended--
                (i) by striking ``The Secretary'' and inserting ``(a) 
            In General.--The Secretary''; and
                (ii) by adding at the end the following new subsection:
    ``(b) Matching Requirements.--
        ``(1) In general.--Except as provided in paragraph (2), this 
    grant program shall be based on a matching formula of 50 percent 
    Federal and 50 percent non-Federal funding (including funding from 
    an agricultural commodity promotion, research, and information 
    program).
        ``(2) Exception.--Paragraph (1) shall not apply to a grant to a 
    Federal laboratory or a grant under subsection (a)(2).''.
        (2) Food, agriculture, conservation, and trade act of 1990.--
            (A) Federal-state matching grant program.--Section 
        1623(d)(2) of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade 
        Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 5813(d)(2)) is amended by striking the 
        second sentence.
            (B) Agricultural genome initiative.--Section 1671 of the 
        Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 (7 
        U.S.C. 5924) (as amended by section 7208) is amended--
                (i) by redesignating subsection (f) as subsection (g); 
            and
                (ii) by inserting after subsection (e) the following:
    ``(f) Matching Funds Requirement.--
        ``(1) In general.--Subject to paragraph (3), with respect to a 
    grant or cooperative agreement under this section that provides a 
    particular benefit to a specific agricultural commodity, the 
    recipient of funds under the grant or cooperative agreement shall 
    provide non-Federal matching funds (including funds from an 
    agricultural commodity promotion, research, and information 
    program) equal to not less than the amount provided under the grant 
    or cooperative agreement.
        ``(2) In-kind support.--Non-Federal matching funds described in 
    paragraph (1) may include in-kind support.
        ``(3) Waiver.--The Secretary may waive the matching funds 
    requirement under paragraph (1) with respect to a research project 
    if the Secretary determines that--
            ``(A) the results of the project are of a particular 
        benefit to a specific agricultural commodity, but those results 
        are likely to be applicable to agricultural commodities 
        generally; or
            ``(B)(i) the project--
                ``(I) involves a minor commodity; and
                ``(II) deals with scientifically important research; 
            and
            ``(ii) the recipient is unable to satisfy the matching 
        funds requirement.''.
            (C) High-priority research and extension initiatives.--
        Section 1672(a) of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and 
        Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 5925(a)) is amended--
                (i) by striking ``The Secretary of Agriculture'' and 
            inserting the following:
        ``(1) In general.--The Secretary of Agriculture'';
                (ii) in paragraph (1) (as so designated), in the second 
            sentence, by striking ``The Secretary shall'' and inserting 
            the following:
        ``(3) Consultation.--The Secretary shall''; and
                (iii) by inserting after paragraph (1) the following:
        ``(2) Matching funds requirement.--
            ``(A) In general.--Subject to subparagraph (C), an entity 
        receiving a grant under paragraph (1) shall provide non-Federal 
        matching funds (including funds from an agricultural commodity 
        promotion, research, and information program) equal to not less 
        than the amount of the grant.
            ``(B) In-kind support.--Non-Federal matching funds 
        described in subparagraph (A) may include in-kind support.
            ``(C) Waiver.--The Secretary may waive the matching funds 
        requirement under subparagraph (A) with respect to a research 
        project if the Secretary determines that--
                ``(i) the results of the project are of a particular 
            benefit to a specific agricultural commodity, but those 
            results are likely to be applicable to agricultural 
            commodities generally; or
                ``(ii)(I) the project--

                    ``(aa) involves a minor commodity; and
                    ``(bb) deals with scientifically important 
                research; and

                ``(II) the recipient is unable to satisfy the matching 
            funds requirement.''.
            (D) Organic agriculture research and extension 
        initiative.--Section 1672B of the Food, Agriculture, 
        Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 5925b) (as 
        amended by section 7210) is amended--
                (i) by redesignating subsections (c), (d), and (e) as 
            subsections (d), (e), and (f), respectively; and
                (ii) by inserting after subsection (b) the following:
    ``(c) Matching Requirement.--
        ``(1) In general.--Subject to paragraph (3), an entity 
    receiving a grant under subsection (a) shall provide non-Federal 
    matching funds (including funds from an agricultural commodity 
    promotion, research, and information program) equal to not less 
    than the amount of the grant.
        ``(2) In-kind support.--Non-Federal matching funds described in 
    paragraph (1) may include in-kind support.
        ``(3) Waiver.--The Secretary may waive the matching funds 
    requirement under paragraph (1) with respect to a research project 
    if the Secretary determines that--
            ``(A) the results of the project are of a particular 
        benefit to a specific agricultural commodity, but those results 
        are likely to be applicable to agricultural commodities 
        generally; or
            ``(B)(i) the project--
                ``(I) involves a minor commodity; and
                ``(II) deals with scientifically important research; 
            and
            ``(ii) the recipient is unable to satisfy the matching 
        funds requirement.''.
        (3) Agricultural research, extension, and education reform act 
    of 1998.--
            (A) Integrated research, education, and extension 
        competitive grants program.--Section 406 of the Agricultural 
        Research, Extension, and Education Reform Act of 1998 (7 U.S.C. 
        7626) is amended--
                (i) by redesignating subsections (d) and (e) as 
            subsections (e) and (f), respectively; and
                (ii) by inserting after subsection (c) the following:
    ``(d) Matching Funds Requirement.--
        ``(1) In general.--Subject to paragraph (3), with respect to a 
    grant under this section that provides a particular benefit to a 
    specific agricultural commodity, the recipient of the grant shall 
    provide non-Federal matching funds (including funds from an 
    agricultural commodity promotion, research, and information 
    program) equal to not less than the amount of the grant.
        ``(2) In-kind support.--Non-Federal matching funds described in 
    paragraph (1) may include in-kind support.
        ``(3) Waiver.--The Secretary may waive the matching funds 
    requirement under paragraph (1) with respect to a grant if the 
    Secretary determines that--
            ``(A) the results of the grant are of a particular benefit 
        to a specific agricultural commodity, but those results are 
        likely to be applicable to agricultural commodities generally; 
        or
            ``(B)(i) the grant--
                ``(I) involves a minor commodity; and
                ``(II) deals with scientifically important research; 
            and
            ``(ii) the recipient is unable to satisfy the matching 
        funds requirement.''.
            (B) Specialty crop research initiative.--Section 412(g) of 
        the Agricultural Research, Extension, and Education Reform Act 
        of 1998 (7 U.S.C. 7632(g)) is amended--
                (i) by redesignating paragraph (3) as paragraph (4); 
            and
                (ii) by inserting after paragraph (2) the following:
        ``(3) Matching requirement.--
            ``(A) In general.--An entity receiving a grant under this 
        section shall provide non-Federal matching funds (including 
        funds from an agricultural commodity promotion, research, and 
        information program) equal to not less than the amount of the 
        grant.
            ``(B) In-kind support.--Non-Federal matching funds 
        described in subparagraph (A) may include in-kind support.''.
        (4) Other laws.--
            (A) Sun grant program.--Section 7526(c)(1)(C)(iv) of the 
        Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 
        8114(c)(1)(C)(iv)) is amended by striking subclause (IV).
            (B) Agriculture and food research initiative.--Subsection 
        (b)(9) of the Competitive, Special, and Facilities Research 
        Grant Act (7 U.S.C. 3157(b)(9)) is amended--
                (i) in subparagraph (A), by striking clause (iii);
                (ii) in subparagraph (B)--

                    (I) in clause (i), by striking ``clauses (ii) and 
                (iii),'' and inserting ``clause (ii),''; and
                    (II) by striking clause (iii); and

                (iii) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(C) Applied research.--An entity receiving a grant under 
        paragraph (5)(B) for applied research that is commodity-
        specific and not of national scope shall provide non-Federal 
        matching funds equal to not less than the amount of the 
        grant.''.
    (c) Application of Amendments.--
        (1) Awards made after date of enactment.--The amendments made 
    by subsections (a) and (b) shall apply with respect to grants, 
    cooperative agreements, or other awards described in subsection (b) 
    that are made after the date of the enactment of this Act.
        (2) Awards made on or before date of enactment.--
    Notwithstanding the amendments made by subsections (a) and (b), a 
    matching funds requirement in effect on the day before the date of 
    enactment of this Act under a provision of law amended by 
    subsection (a) or (b) shall continue to apply to a grant, 
    cooperative agreement, or other award described in subsection (b) 
    that is made on or before the date of the enactment of this Act.

                          TITLE VIII--FORESTRY
        Subtitle A--Cooperative Forestry Assistance Act of 1978

SEC. 8101. SUPPORT FOR STATE ASSESSMENTS AND STRATEGIES FOR FOREST 
RESOURCES.
    Section 2A(f)(1) of the Cooperative Forestry Assistance Act of 1978 
(16 U.S.C. 2101a(f)(1)) is amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
``2023''.
SEC. 8102. STATE AND PRIVATE FOREST LANDSCAPE-SCALE RESTORATION 
PROGRAM.
    (a) In General.--Section 13A of the Cooperative Forestry Assistance 
Act of 1978 (16 U.S.C. 2109a) is amended to read as follows:
    ``SEC. 13A. STATE AND PRIVATE FOREST LANDSCAPE-SCALE RESTORATION 
      PROGRAM.
    ``(a) Purpose.--The purpose of this section is to encourage 
collaborative, science-based restoration of priority forest landscapes.
    ``(b) Definitions.--In this section:
        ``(1) Indian tribe.--The term `Indian tribe' has the meaning 
    given the term in section 4 of the Indian Self-Determination and 
    Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 5304).
        ``(2) Nonindustrial private forest land.--The term 
    `nonindustrial private forest land' means land that--
            ``(A) is rural, as determined by the Secretary;
            ``(B) has existing tree cover or is suitable for growing 
        trees; and
            ``(C) is owned by any private individual, group, 
        association, corporation, Indian tribe, or other private legal 
        entity.
        ``(3) State forest land.--The term `State forest land' means 
    land that--
            ``(A) is rural, as determined by the Secretary; and
            ``(B) is under State or local governmental ownership and 
        considered to be non-Federal forest land.
    ``(c) Establishment.--The Secretary, in consultation with State 
foresters or appropriate State agencies, shall establish a competitive 
grant program to provide financial and technical assistance to 
encourage collaborative, science-based restoration of priority forest 
landscapes.
    ``(d) Eligibility.--To be eligible to receive a grant under this 
section, an applicant shall submit to the Secretary, through the State 
forester or appropriate State agency, a State and private forest 
landscape-scale restoration proposal based on a restoration strategy 
that--
        ``(1) is complete or substantially complete;
        ``(2) is for a multiyear period;
        ``(3) covers nonindustrial private forest land or State forest 
    land;
        ``(4) is accessible by wood-processing infrastructure; and
        ``(5) is based on the best available science.
    ``(e) Plan Criteria.--A State and private forest landscape-scale 
restoration proposal submitted under this section shall include plans--
        ``(1) to reduce the risk of uncharacteristic wildfires;
        ``(2) to improve fish and wildlife habitats, including the 
    habitats of threatened and endangered species;
        ``(3) to maintain or improve water quality and watershed 
    function;
        ``(4) to mitigate invasive species, insect infestation, and 
    disease;
        ``(5) to improve important forest ecosystems;
        ``(6) to measure ecological and economic benefits, including 
    air quality and soil quality and productivity; and
        ``(7) to take other relevant actions, as determined by the 
    Secretary.
    ``(f) Priorities.--In making grants under this section, the 
Secretary shall give priority to plans that--
        ``(1) further a statewide forest assessment and resource 
    strategy;
        ``(2) promote cross boundary landscape collaboration; and
        ``(3) leverage public and private resources.
    ``(g) Collaboration and Consultation.--The Chief of the Forest 
Service, the Chief of the Natural Resources Conservation Service, and 
relevant stakeholders shall collaborate and consult on an ongoing basis 
regarding--
        ``(1) administration of the program established under this 
    section; and
        ``(2) identification of other applicable resources for 
    landscape-scale restoration.
    ``(h) Matching Funds Required.--As a condition of receiving a grant 
under this section, the Secretary shall require the recipient of the 
grant to provide funds or in-kind support from non-Federal sources in 
an amount that is at least equal to the amount of Federal funds.
    ``(i) Coordination and Proximity Encouraged.--In making grants 
under this section, the Secretary may consider coordination with and 
proximity to other landscape-scale projects on other land under the 
jurisdiction of the Secretary, the Secretary of the Interior, or a 
Governor of a State, including under--
        ``(1) the Collaborative Forest Landscape Restoration Program 
    established under section 4003 of the Omnibus Public Land 
    Management Act of 2009 (16 U.S.C. 7303);
        ``(2) landscape areas designated for insect and disease 
    treatments under section 602 of the Healthy Forests Restoration Act 
    of 2003 (16 U.S.C. 6591a);
        ``(3) good neighbor authority under section 19;
        ``(4) stewardship end result contracting projects authorized 
    under section 604 of the Healthy Forests Restoration Act of 2003 
    (16 U.S.C. 6591c);
        ``(5) appropriate State-level programs; and
        ``(6) other relevant programs, as determined by the Secretary.
    ``(j) Regulations.--The Secretary shall promulgate such regulations 
as the Secretary determines necessary to carry out this section.
    ``(k) Report.--Not later than 3 years after the date of enactment 
of this section, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on 
Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the Committee on 
Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report on--
        ``(1) the status of development, execution, and administration 
    of selected projects;
        ``(2) the accounting of program funding expenditures; and
        ``(3) specific accomplishments that have resulted from 
    landscape-scale projects.
    ``(l) Fund.--
        ``(1) In general.--There is established in the Treasury a fund, 
    to be known as the `State and Private Forest Landscape-Scale 
    Restoration Fund' (referred to in this subsection as the `Fund'), 
    to be used by the Secretary to make grants under this section.
        ``(2) Contents.--The Fund shall consist of such amounts as are 
    appropriated to the Fund under paragraph (3).
        ``(3) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized to 
    be appropriated to the Fund $20,000,000 for each fiscal year 
    beginning with the first full fiscal year after the date of 
    enactment of this subsection through fiscal year 2023, to remain 
    available until expended.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendments.--
        (1) Section 13B of the Cooperative Forestry Assistance Act of 
    1978 (16 U.S.C. 2109b) is repealed.
        (2) Section 19(a)(4)(C) of the Cooperative Forestry Assistance 
    Act of 1978 (16 U.S.C. 2113(a)(4)(C)) is amended by striking 
    ``sections 13A and 13B'' and inserting ``section 13A''.

 Subtitle B--Forest and Rangeland Renewable Resources Research Act of 
                                  1978

SEC. 8201. REPEAL OF RECYCLING RESEARCH.
    Section 9 of the Forest and Rangeland Renewable Resources Research 
Act of 1978 (16 U.S.C. 1648) is repealed.
SEC. 8202. REPEAL OF FORESTRY STUDENT GRANT PROGRAM.
    Section 10 of the Forest and Rangeland Renewable Resources Research 
Act of 1978 (16 U.S.C. 1649) is repealed.

        Subtitle C--Global Climate Change Prevention Act of 1990

SEC. 8301. REPEALS RELATING TO BIOMASS.
    (a) Biomass Energy Demonstration Projects.--Section 2410 of the 
Global Climate Change Prevention Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 6708) is 
repealed.
    (b) Interagency Cooperation to Maximize Biomass Growth.--Section 
2411 of the Global Climate Change Prevention Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 
6709) is amended in the matter preceding paragraph (1) by striking 
``to--'' and all that follows through ``such forests and lands'' in 
paragraph (2) and inserting ``to develop a program to manage forests 
and land on Department of Defense military installations''.

          Subtitle D--Healthy Forests Restoration Act of 2003

SEC. 8401. PROMOTING CROSS-BOUNDARY WILDFIRE MITIGATION.
    Section 103 of the Healthy Forests Restoration Act of 2003 (16 
U.S.C. 6513) is amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(e) Cross-boundary Hazardous Fuel Reduction Projects.--
        ``(1) Definitions.--In this subsection:
            ``(A) Hazardous fuel reduction project.--The term 
        `hazardous fuel reduction project' means a hazardous fuel 
        reduction project described in paragraph (2).
            ``(B) Non-federal land.--The term `non-Federal land' 
        includes--
                ``(i) State land;
                ``(ii) county land;
                ``(iii) Tribal land;
                ``(iv) private land; and
                ``(v) other non-Federal land.
        ``(2) Grants.--The Secretary may make grants to State foresters 
    to support hazardous fuel reduction projects that incorporate 
    treatments in landscapes across ownership boundaries on Federal and 
    non-Federal land, particularly in areas identified as priorities in 
    applicable State-wide forest resource assessments or strategies 
    under section 2A(a) of the Cooperative Forestry Assistance Act of 
    1978 (16 U.S.C. 2101a(a)), as mutually agreed to by the State 
    forester and the Regional Forester.
        ``(3) Land treatments.--To conduct and fund treatments for 
    hazardous fuel reduction projects carried out by State foresters 
    using grants under paragraph (2), the Secretary may use the 
    authorities of the Secretary relating to cooperation and technical 
    and financial assistance, including the good neighbor authority 
    under--
            ``(A) section 8206 of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (16 
        U.S.C. 2113a); and
            ``(B) section 331 of the Department of the Interior and 
        Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2001 (16 U.S.C. 1011 note; 
        Public Law 106-291).
        ``(4) Cooperation.--In carrying out a hazardous fuel reduction 
    project using a grant under paragraph (2) on non-Federal land, the 
    State forester, in consultation with the Secretary--
            ``(A) shall consult with any applicable owners of the non-
        Federal land; and
            ``(B) shall not implement the hazardous fuel reduction 
        project on non-Federal land without the consent of the owner of 
        the non-Federal land.
        ``(5) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized to 
    be appropriated to carry out this subsection $20,000,000 for each 
    of fiscal years 2019 through 2023.''.
SEC. 8402. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS FOR HAZARDOUS FUEL REDUCTION 
ON FEDERAL LAND.
    Section 108 of the Healthy Forests Restoration Act of 2003 (16 
U.S.C. 6518) is amended by striking ``$760,000,000 for each fiscal 
year'' and inserting ``$660,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2019 
through 2023''.
SEC. 8403. REPEAL OF BIOMASS COMMERCIAL UTILIZATION GRANT PROGRAM.
    (a) In General.--Section 203 of the Healthy Forests Restoration Act 
of 2003 (16 U.S.C. 6531) is repealed.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--The table of contents for the Healthy 
Forests Restoration Act of 2003 (16 U.S.C. 6501 note; Public Law 108-
148) is amended by striking the item relating to section 203.
SEC. 8404. WATER SOURCE PROTECTION PROGRAM.
    (a) In General.--Title III of the Healthy Forests Restoration Act 
of 2003 (16 U.S.C. 6541 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the 
following:
    ``SEC. 303. WATER SOURCE PROTECTION PROGRAM.
    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
        ``(1) End water user.--The term `end water user' means a non-
    Federal entity, including--
            ``(A) a State;
            ``(B) a political subdivision of a State;
            ``(C) an Indian tribe;
            ``(D) a utility;
            ``(E) a municipal water system;
            ``(F) an irrigation district;
            ``(G) a nonprofit organization; and
            ``(H) a corporation.
        ``(2) Forest management activity.--The term `forest management 
    activity' means a project carried out by the Secretary on National 
    Forest System land.
        ``(3) Forest plan.--The term `forest plan' means a land 
    management plan prepared by the Forest Service for a unit of the 
    National Forest System pursuant to section 6 of the Forest and 
    Rangeland Renewable Resources Planning Act of 1974 (16 U.S.C. 
    1604).
        ``(4) Non-federal partner.--The term `non-Federal partner' 
    means an end water user with whom the Secretary has entered into a 
    partnership agreement under subsection (c)(1).
        ``(5) Program.--The term `Program' means the Water Source 
    Protection Program established under subsection (b).
        ``(6) Secretary.--The term `Secretary' means the Secretary of 
    Agriculture, acting through the Chief of the Forest Service.
        ``(7) Water source management plan.--The term `water source 
    management plan' means the water source management plan developed 
    under subsection (d)(1).
    ``(b) Establishment.--The Secretary shall establish and maintain a 
program, to be known as the `Water Source Protection Program', to carry 
out watershed protection and restoration projects on National Forest 
System land.
    ``(c) Water Source Investment Partnerships.--
        ``(1) In general.--In carrying out the Program, the Secretary 
    may enter into water source investment partnership agreements with 
    end water users to protect and restore the condition of National 
    Forest watersheds that provide water to the end water users.
        ``(2) Form.--A partnership agreement described in paragraph (1) 
    may take the form of--
            ``(A) a memorandum of understanding;
            ``(B) a cost-share or collection agreement;
            ``(C) a long-term funding matching commitment; or
            ``(D) another appropriate instrument, as determined by the 
        Secretary.
    ``(d) Water Source Management Plan.--
        ``(1) In general.--In carrying out the Program, the Secretary, 
    in cooperation with the non-Federal partners and applicable State, 
    local, and Tribal governments, may develop a water source 
    management plan that describes the proposed implementation of 
    watershed protection and restoration projects under the Program.
        ``(2) Requirement.--A water source management plan shall be 
    conducted in a manner consistent with the forest plan applicable to 
    the National Forest System land on which the watershed protection 
    and restoration project is carried out.
        ``(3) Environmental analysis.--The Secretary may conduct a 
    single environmental impact statement or similar analysis required 
    under the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4321 
    et seq.)--
            ``(A) for each watershed protection and restoration project 
        included in the water source management plan; or
            ``(B) as part of the development of, or after the 
        finalization of, the water source management plan.
    ``(e) Forest Management Activities.--
        ``(1) In general.--To the extent that forest management 
    activities are necessary to protect, maintain, or enhance water 
    quality, and in accordance with paragraph (2), the Secretary shall 
    carry out forest management activities as part of watershed 
    protection and restoration projects carried out on National Forest 
    System land, with the primary purpose of--
            ``(A) protecting a municipal water supply system;
            ``(B) restoring forest health from insect infestations and 
        disease; or
            ``(C) any combination of the purposes described in 
        subparagraphs (A) and (B).
        ``(2) Compliance.--The Secretary shall carry out forest 
    management activities under paragraph (1) in accordance with--
            ``(A) this Act;
            ``(B) the applicable water source management plan;
            ``(C) the applicable forest plan; and
            ``(D) other applicable laws.
    ``(f) Endangered Species Act of 1973.--In carrying out the Program, 
the Secretary may use the Manual on Adaptive Management of the 
Department of the Interior, including any associated guidance, to 
comply with the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et 
seq.).
    ``(g) Funds and Services.--
        ``(1) In general.--In carrying out the Program, the Secretary 
    may accept and use funding, services, and other forms of investment 
    and assistance from non-Federal partners to implement the water 
    source management plan.
        ``(2) Matching funds required.--The Secretary shall require the 
    contribution of funds or in-kind support from non-Federal partners 
    to be in an amount that is at least equal to the amount of Federal 
    funds.
        ``(3) Manner of use.--The Secretary may accept and use 
    investments described in paragraph (1) directly or indirectly 
    through the National Forest Foundation.
        ``(4) Water source protection fund.--
            ``(A) In general.--Subject to the availability of 
        appropriations, the Secretary may establish a Water Source 
        Protection Fund to match funds or in-kind support contributed 
        by non-Federal partners under paragraph (1).
            ``(B) Use of appropriated funds.--There is authorized to be 
        appropriated to carry out this section $10,000,000 for each of 
        fiscal years 2019 through 2023.
            ``(C) Partnership agreements.--The Secretary may make 
        multiyear commitments, if necessary, to implement 1 or more 
        partnership agreements under subsection (c).''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--The table of contents for the Healthy 
Forests Restoration Act of 2003 (16 U.S.C. 6501 note; Public Law 108-
148) is amended by striking the item relating to section 303 and 
inserting the following:

``Sec. 303. Water Source Protection Program.''.
SEC. 8405. WATERSHED CONDITION FRAMEWORK.
    (a) In General.--Title III of the Healthy Forests Restoration Act 
of 2003 (16 U.S.C. 6541 et seq.) (as amended by section 8404(a)) is 
amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``SEC. 304. WATERSHED CONDITION FRAMEWORK.
    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary of Agriculture, acting through the 
Chief of the Forest Service (referred to in this section as the 
`Secretary'), may establish and maintain a Watershed Condition 
Framework for National Forest System land--
        ``(1) to evaluate and classify the condition of watersheds, 
    taking into consideration--
            ``(A) water quality and quantity;
            ``(B) aquatic habitat and biota;
            ``(C) riparian and wetland vegetation;
            ``(D) the presence of roads and trails;
            ``(E) soil type and condition;
            ``(F) groundwater-dependent ecosystems;
            ``(G) relevant terrestrial indicators, such as fire regime, 
        risk of catastrophic fire, forest and rangeland vegetation, 
        invasive species, and insects and disease; and
            ``(H) other significant factors, as determined by the 
        Secretary;
        ``(2) to identify for protection and restoration up to 5 
    priority watersheds in each National Forest, and up to 2 priority 
    watersheds in each national grassland, taking into consideration 
    the impact of the condition of the watershed condition on--
            ``(A) wildfire behavior;
            ``(B) flood risk;
            ``(C) fish and wildlife;
            ``(D) drinking water supplies;
            ``(E) irrigation water supplies;
            ``(F) forest-dependent communities; and
            ``(G) other significant impacts, as determined by the 
        Secretary;
        ``(3) to develop a watershed protection and restoration action 
    plan for each priority watershed that--
            ``(A) takes into account existing restoration activities 
        being implemented in the watershed; and
            ``(B) includes, at a minimum--
                ``(i) the major stressors responsible for the impaired 
            condition of the watershed;
                ``(ii) a set of essential projects that, once 
            completed, will address the identified stressors and 
            improve watershed conditions;
                ``(iii) a proposed implementation schedule;
                ``(iv) potential partners and funding sources; and
                ``(v) a monitoring and evaluation program;
        ``(4) to prioritize protection and restoration activities for 
    each watershed restoration action plan;
        ``(5) to implement each watershed protection and restoration 
    action plan; and
        ``(6) to monitor the effectiveness of protection and 
    restoration actions and indicators of watershed health.
    ``(b) Coordination.--In carrying out subsection (a), the Secretary 
shall--
        ``(1) coordinate with interested non-Federal landowners and 
    State, Tribal, and local governments within the relevant watershed; 
    and
        ``(2) provide for an active and ongoing public engagement 
    process.
    ``(c) Emergency Designation.--Notwithstanding paragraph (2) of 
subsection (a), the Secretary may identify a watershed as a priority 
for rehabilitation in the Watershed Condition Framework without using 
the process described in that subsection if a Forest Supervisor 
determines that--
        ``(1) a wildfire has significantly diminished the condition of 
    the watershed; and
        ``(2) the emergency stabilization activities of the Burned Area 
    Emergency Response Team are insufficient to return the watershed to 
    proper function.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--The table of contents for the Healthy 
Forests Restoration Act of 2003 (16 U.S.C. 6501 note; Public Law 108-
148) (as amended by section 8404(b)) is amended by inserting after the 
item relating to section 303 the following:

``Sec. 304. Watershed Condition Framework.''.
SEC. 8406. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS TO COMBAT INSECT 
INFESTATIONS AND RELATED DISEASES.
    (a) In General.--Section 406 of the Healthy Forests Restoration Act 
of 2003 (16 U.S.C. 6556) is amended to read as follows:
    ``SEC. 406. TERMINATION OF EFFECTIVENESS.
    ``The authority provided by this title terminates effective October 
1, 2023.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--The table of contents for the Healthy 
Forests Restoration Act of 2003 (16 U.S.C. 6501 note; Public Law 108-
148) is amended by striking the item relating to section 406 and 
inserting the following:

``Sec. 406. Termination of effectiveness.''.
SEC. 8407. HEALTHY FORESTS RESTORATION ACT OF 2003 AMENDMENTS.
    (a) Healthy Forests Reserve Program.--
        (1) Additional purpose of program.--Section 501(a) of the 
    Healthy Forests Restoration Act of 2003 (16 U.S.C. 6571(a)) is 
    amended--
            (A) by striking ``and'' at the end of paragraph (2);
            (B) by redesignating paragraph (3) as paragraph (4); and
            (C) by inserting after paragraph (2) the following new 
        paragraph:
        ``(3) to conserve forest land that provides habitat for species 
    described in section 502(b); and''.
        (2) Eligibility for enrollment.--Subsection (b) of section 502 
    of the Healthy Forests Restoration Act of 2003 (16 U.S.C. 6572) is 
    amended to read as follows:
    ``(b) Eligibility.--To be eligible for enrollment in the healthy 
forests reserve program, land shall be private forest land, or private 
land being restored to forest land, the enrollment of which will 
maintain, restore, enhance, or otherwise measurably--
        ``(1) increase the likelihood of recovery of a species that is 
    listed as endangered or threatened under section 4 of the 
    Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1533); or
        ``(2) improve the well-being of a species that--
            ``(A) is--
                ``(i) not listed as endangered or threatened under such 
            section; and
                ``(ii) a candidate for such listing, a State-listed 
            species, or a special concern species; or
            ``(B) is deemed a species of greatest conservation need by 
        a State wildlife action plan.''.
        (3) Other enrollment considerations.--Section 502(c) of the 
    Healthy Forests Restoration Act of 2003 (16 U.S.C. 6572(c)) is 
    amended--
            (A) by striking ``and'' at the end of paragraph (1);
            (B) by redesignating paragraph (2) as paragraph (3); and
            (C) by inserting after paragraph (1) the following new 
        paragraph:
        ``(2) conserve forest land that provides habitat for species 
    described in subsection (b); and''.
        (4) Elimination of limitation on use of easements.--Section 
    502(e) of the Healthy Forests Restoration Act of 2003 (16 U.S.C. 
    6572(e)) is amended by striking paragraph (2) and redesignating 
    paragraph (3) as paragraph (2).
        (5) Enrollment of acreage owned by an indian tribe.--Paragraph 
    (2) of section 502(e) of the Healthy Forests Restoration Act of 
    2003 (16 U.S.C. 6572(e)) (as redesignated by paragraph (4)) is 
    amended, in subparagraph (B), by striking clauses (ii) and (iii) 
    and inserting the following new clauses:
                ``(ii) a 10-year cost-share agreement;
                ``(iii) a permanent easement; or
                ``(iv) any combination of the options described in 
            clauses (i) through (iii).''.
        (6) Enrollment priority.--Section 502(f)(1)(B) of the Healthy 
    Forests Restoration Act of 2003 (16 U.S.C. 6572(f)(1)(B)) is 
    amended by striking clause (ii) and inserting the following:
                ``(ii)(I) are candidates for such listing, State-listed 
            species, or special concern species; or
                ``(II) are deemed a species of greatest conservation 
            need under a State wildlife action plan.''.
        (7) Restoration plans.--Subsection (b) of section 503 of the 
    Healthy Forests Restoration Act of 2003 (16 U.S.C. 6573) is amended 
    to read as follows:
    ``(b) Practices.--The restoration plan shall require such 
restoration practices and measures as are necessary to restore and 
enhance habitat for species described in section 502(b), including the 
following:
        ``(1) Land management practices.
        ``(2) Vegetative treatments.
        ``(3) Structural practices and measures.
        ``(4) Practices to increase carbon sequestration.
        ``(5) Practices to improve biological diversity.
        ``(6) Other practices and measures.''.
        (8) Funding.--Section 508(b) of the Healthy Forests Restoration 
    Act of 2003 (16 U.S.C. 6578(b)) is amended--
            (A) in the subsection heading, by striking ``Fiscal Years 
        2014 Through 2018'' and inserting ``Authorization of 
        Appropriations''; and
            (B) by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.
        (9) Technical correction.--Section 503(a) of the Healthy 
    Forests Restoration Act of 2003 (16 U.S.C. 6573(a)) is amended by 
    striking ``Secretary of Interior'' and inserting ``Secretary of the 
    Interior''.
    (b) Insect and Disease Infestation.--
        (1) Treatment of areas.--Section 602(d)(1) of the Healthy 
    Forests Restoration Act of 2003 (16 U.S.C. 6591a(d)(1)) is amended 
    by striking ``subsection (b) to reduce the risk or extent of, or 
    increase the resilience to, insect or disease infestation in the 
    areas.'' and inserting the following: ``subsection (b)--
            ``(A) to reduce the risk or extent of, or increase the 
        resilience to, insect or disease infestation; or
            ``(B) to reduce hazardous fuels.''.
        (2) Extension of authority.--Section 602(d)(2) of the Healthy 
    Forests Restoration Act of 2003 (16 U.S.C. 6591a(d)(2)) is amended 
    by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.
SEC. 8408. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS FOR DESIGNATION OF TREATMENT 
AREAS.
    Section 602 of the Healthy Forests Restoration Act of 2003 (16 
U.S.C. 6591a) is amended by striking subsection (f).

    Subtitle E--Repeal or Reauthorization of Miscellaneous Forestry 
                                Programs

SEC. 8501. REPEAL OF REVISION OF STRATEGIC PLAN FOR FOREST INVENTORY 
AND ANALYSIS.
    Section 8301 of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (16 U.S.C. 1642 note; 
Public Law 113-79) is repealed.
SEC. 8502. SEMIARID AGROFORESTRY RESEARCH CENTER.
    Section 1243(d) of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade 
Act of 1990 (16 U.S.C. 1642 note; Public Law 101-624) is amended by 
striking ``annually'' and inserting ``for each of fiscal years 2019 
through 2023''.
SEC. 8503. NATIONAL FOREST FOUNDATION ACT.
    (a) Matching Funds.--Section 405(b) of the National Forest 
Foundation Act (16 U.S.C. 583j-3(b)) is amended by striking ``2018'' 
and inserting ``2023''.
    (b) Authorization of Appropriations.--Section 410(b) of the 
National Forest Foundation Act (16 U.S.C. 583j-8(b)) is amended by 
striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.
SEC. 8504. CONVEYANCE OF FOREST SERVICE ADMINISTRATIVE SITES.
    Section 503(f) of the Forest Service Facility Realignment and 
Enhancement Act of 2005 (16 U.S.C. 580d note; Public Law 109-54) is 
amended by striking ``2016'' and inserting ``2023''.

                     Subtitle F--Forest Management

SEC. 8601. DEFINITION OF NATIONAL FOREST SYSTEM.
    In this subtitle, the term ``National Forest System'' has the 
meaning given the term in section 11(a) of the Forest and Rangeland 
Renewable Resources Planning Act of 1974 (16 U.S.C. 1609(a)).

     PART I--EXPEDITED ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS AND AVAILABILITY OF 
    CATEGORICAL EXCLUSIONS TO EXPEDITE FOREST MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES

SEC. 8611. CATEGORICAL EXCLUSION FOR GREATER SAGE-GROUSE AND MULE DEER 
HABITAT.
    (a) In General.--Title VI of the Healthy Forests Restoration Act of 
2003 (16 U.S.C. 6591 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the 
following:
    ``SEC. 606. CATEGORICAL EXCLUSION FOR GREATER SAGE-GROUSE AND MULE 
      DEER HABITAT.
    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
        ``(1) Covered vegetation management activity.--
            ``(A) In general.--The term `covered vegetation management 
        activity' means any activity described in subparagraph (B) 
        that--
                ``(i)(I) is carried out on National Forest System land 
            administered by the Forest Service; or
                ``(II) is carried out on public land administered by 
            the Bureau of Land Management;
                ``(ii) with respect to public land, meets the 
            objectives of the order of the Secretary of the Interior 
            numbered 3336 and dated January 5, 2015;
                ``(iii) conforms to an applicable forest plan or land 
            use plan;
                ``(iv) protects, restores, or improves greater sage-
            grouse or mule deer habitat in a sagebrush steppe ecosystem 
            as described in--

                    ``(I) Circular 1416 of the United States Geological 
                Survey entitled `Restoration Handbook for Sagebrush 
                Steppe Ecosystems with Emphasis on Greater Sage-Grouse 
                Habitat--Part 1. Concepts for Understanding and 
                Applying Restoration' (2015); or
                    ``(II) the habitat guidelines for mule deer 
                published by the Mule Deer Working Group of the Western 
                Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies;

                ``(v) will not permanently impair--

                    ``(I) the natural state of the treated area;
                    ``(II) outstanding opportunities for solitude;
                    ``(III) outstanding opportunities for primitive, 
                unconfined recreation;
                    ``(IV) economic opportunities consistent with 
                multiple-use management; or
                    ``(V) the identified values of a unit of the 
                National Landscape Conservation System;

                ``(vi)(I) restores native vegetation following a 
            natural disturbance;
                ``(II) prevents the expansion into greater sage-grouse 
            or mule deer habitat of--

                    ``(aa) juniper, pinyon pine, or other associated 
                conifers; or
                    ``(bb) nonnative or invasive vegetation;

                ``(III) reduces the risk of loss of greater sage-grouse 
            or mule deer habitat from wildfire or any other natural 
            disturbance; or
                ``(IV) provides emergency stabilization of soil 
            resources after a natural disturbance; and
                ``(vii) provides for the conduct of restoration 
            treatments that--

                    ``(I) maximize the retention of old-growth and 
                large trees, as appropriate for the forest type;
                    ``(II) consider the best available scientific 
                information to maintain or restore the ecological 
                integrity, including maintaining or restoring 
                structure, function, composition, and connectivity;
                    ``(III) are developed and implemented through a 
                collaborative process that--

                        ``(aa) includes multiple interested persons 
                    representing diverse interests; and
                        ``(bb)(AA) is transparent and nonexclusive; or
                        ``(BB) meets the requirements for a resource 
                    advisory committee under subsections (c) through 
                    (f) of section 205 of the Secure Rural Schools and 
                    Community Self-Determination Act of 2000 (16 U.S.C. 
                    7125); and

                    ``(IV) may include the implementation of a proposal 
                that complies with the eligibility requirements of the 
                Collaborative Forest Landscape Restoration Program 
                under section 4003(b) of the Omnibus Public Land 
                Management Act of 2009 (16 U.S.C. 7303(b)).

            ``(B) Description of activities.--An activity referred to 
        in subparagraph (A) is--
                ``(i) manual cutting and removal of juniper trees, 
            pinyon pine trees, other associated conifers, or other 
            nonnative or invasive vegetation;
                ``(ii) mechanical mastication, cutting, or mowing, 
            mechanical piling and burning, chaining, broadcast burning, 
            or yarding;
                ``(iii) removal of cheat grass, medusa head rye, or 
            other nonnative, invasive vegetation;
                ``(iv) collection and seeding or planting of native 
            vegetation using a manual, mechanical, or aerial method;
                ``(v) seeding of nonnative, noninvasive, ruderal 
            vegetation only for the purpose of emergency stabilization;
                ``(vi) targeted use of an herbicide, subject to the 
            condition that the use shall be in accordance with 
            applicable legal requirements, Federal agency procedures, 
            and land use plans;
                ``(vii) targeted livestock grazing to mitigate 
            hazardous fuels and control noxious and invasive weeds;
                ``(viii) temporary removal of wild horses or burros in 
            the area in which the activity is being carried out to 
            ensure treatment objectives are met;
                ``(ix) in coordination with the affected permit holder, 
            modification or adjustment of permissible usage under an 
            annual plan of use of a grazing permit issued by the 
            Secretary concerned to achieve restoration treatment 
            objectives;
                ``(x) installation of new, or modification of existing, 
            fencing or water sources intended to control use or improve 
            wildlife habitat; or
                ``(xi) necessary maintenance of, repairs to, 
            rehabilitation of, or reconstruction of an existing 
            permanent road or construction of temporary roads to 
            accomplish the activities described in this subparagraph.
            ``(C) Exclusions.--The term `covered vegetation management 
        activity' does not include--
                ``(i) any activity conducted in a wilderness area or 
            wilderness study area;
                ``(ii) any activity for the construction of a permanent 
            road or permanent trail;
                ``(iii) any activity conducted on Federal land on 
            which, by Act of Congress or Presidential proclamation, the 
            removal of vegetation is restricted or prohibited;
                ``(iv) any activity conducted in an area in which 
            activities under subparagraph (B) would be inconsistent 
            with the applicable land and resource management plan; or
                ``(v) any activity conducted in an inventoried roadless 
            area.
        ``(2) Secretary concerned.--The term `Secretary concerned' 
    means--
            ``(A) the Secretary of Agriculture, with respect to 
        National Forest System land; and
            ``(B) the Secretary of the Interior, with respect to public 
        land.
        ``(3) Temporary road.--The term `temporary road' means a road 
    that is--
            ``(A) authorized--
                ``(i) by a contract, permit, lease, other written 
            authorization; or
                ``(ii) pursuant to an emergency operation;
            ``(B) not intended to be part of the permanent 
        transportation system of a Federal department or agency;
            ``(C) not necessary for long-term resource management;
            ``(D) designed in accordance with standards appropriate for 
        the intended use of the road, taking into consideration--
                ``(i) safety;
                ``(ii) the cost of transportation; and
                ``(iii) impacts to land and resources; and
            ``(E) managed to minimize--
                ``(i) erosion; and
                ``(ii) the introduction or spread of invasive species.
    ``(b) Categorical Exclusion.--
        ``(1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
    enactment of this section, the Secretary concerned shall develop a 
    categorical exclusion (as defined in section 1508.4 of title 40, 
    Code of Federal Regulations (or a successor regulation)) for 
    covered vegetation management activities carried out to protect, 
    restore, or improve habitat for greater sage-grouse or mule deer.
        ``(2) Administration.--In developing and administering the 
    categorical exclusion under paragraph (1), the Secretary concerned 
    shall--
            ``(A) comply with the National Environmental Policy Act of 
        1969 (42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.);
            ``(B) with respect to National Forest System land, apply 
        the extraordinary circumstances procedures under section 220.6 
        of title 36, Code of Federal Regulations (or successor 
        regulations), in determining whether to use the categorical 
        exclusion;
            ``(C) with respect to public land, apply the extraordinary 
        circumstances procedures under section 46.215 of title 43, Code 
        of Federal Regulations (or successor regulations), in 
        determining whether to use the categorical exclusion; and
            ``(D) consider--
                ``(i) the relative efficacy of landscape-scale habitat 
            projects;
                ``(ii) the likelihood of continued declines in the 
            populations of greater sage-grouse and mule deer in the 
            absence of landscape-scale vegetation management; and
                ``(iii) the need for habitat restoration activities 
            after wildfire or other natural disturbances.
    ``(c) Implementation of Covered Vegetative Management Activities 
Within the Range of Greater Sage-grouse and Mule Deer.--If the 
categorical exclusion developed under subsection (b) is used to 
implement a covered vegetative management activity in an area within 
the range of both greater sage-grouse and mule deer, the covered 
vegetative management activity shall protect, restore, or improve 
habitat concurrently for both greater sage-grouse and mule deer.
    ``(d) Long-term Monitoring and Maintenance.--Before commencing any 
covered vegetation management activity that is covered by the 
categorical exclusion under subsection (b), the Secretary concerned 
shall develop a long-term monitoring and maintenance plan, covering at 
least the 20-year period beginning on the date of commencement, to 
ensure that management of the treated area does not degrade the habitat 
gains secured by the covered vegetation management activity.
    ``(e) Disposal of Vegetative Material.--Subject to applicable local 
restrictions, any vegetative material resulting from a covered 
vegetation management activity that is covered by the categorical 
exclusion under subsection (b) may be--
        ``(1) used for--
            ``(A) fuel wood; or
            ``(B) other products; or
        ``(2) piled or burned, or both.
    ``(f) Treatment for Temporary Roads.--
        ``(1) In general.--Notwithstanding subsection (a)(1)(B)(xi), 
    any temporary road constructed in carrying out a covered vegetation 
    management activity that is covered by the categorical exclusion 
    under subsection (b)--
            ``(A) shall be used by the Secretary concerned for the 
        covered vegetation management activity for not more than 2 
        years; and
            ``(B) shall be decommissioned by the Secretary concerned 
        not later than 3 years after the earlier of the date on which--
                ``(i) the temporary road is no longer needed; and
                ``(ii) the project is completed.
        ``(2) Requirement.--A treatment under paragraph (1) shall 
    include reestablishing native vegetative cover--
            ``(A) as soon as practicable; but
            ``(B) not later than 10 years after the date of completion 
        of the applicable covered vegetation management activity.
    ``(g) Limitations.--
        ``(1) Project size.--A covered vegetation management activity 
    that is covered by the categorical exclusion under subsection (b) 
    may not exceed 4,500 acres.
        ``(2) Location.--A covered vegetation management activity 
    carried out on National Forest System land that is covered by the 
    categorical exclusion under subsection (b) shall be limited to 
    areas designated under section 602(b), as of the date of enactment 
    of this section.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendments.--The table of contents for the Healthy 
Forests Restoration Act of 2003 (16 U.S.C. 6501 note; Public Law 108-
148) is amended by adding at the end of the items relating to title VI 
the following:

``Sec. 602. Designation of treatment areas.
``Sec. 603. Administrative review.
``Sec. 604. Stewardship end result contracting projects.
``Sec. 605. Wildfire resilience projects.
``Sec. 606. Categorical exclusion for greater sage-grouse and mule deer 
          habitat.''.

          PART II--MISCELLANEOUS FOREST MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES

SEC. 8621. ADDITIONAL AUTHORITY FOR SALE OR EXCHANGE OF SMALL PARCELS 
OF NATIONAL FOREST SYSTEM LAND.
    (a) Increase in Maximum Value of Small Parcels.--Section 3 of 
Public Law 97-465 (commonly known as the ``Small Tract Act of 1983'') 
(16 U.S.C. 521e) is amended in the matter preceding paragraph (1) by 
striking ``$150,000'' and inserting ``$500,000''.
    (b) Additional Conveyance Purposes.--Section 3 of Public Law 97-465 
(16 U.S.C. 521e) (as amended by subsection (a)) is amended--
        (1) in paragraph (2), by striking ``; or'' and inserting a 
    semicolon;
        (2) in paragraph (3), by striking the period at the end and 
    inserting a semicolon; and
        (3) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(4) parcels of 40 acres or less that are determined by the 
    Secretary--
            ``(A) to be physically isolated from other Federal land;
            ``(B) to be inaccessible; or
            ``(C) to have lost National Forest character;
        ``(5) parcels of 10 acres or less that are not eligible for 
    conveyance under paragraph (2) but are encroached on by a permanent 
    habitable improvement for which there is no evidence that the 
    encroachment was intentional or negligent; or
        ``(6) parcels used as a cemetery (including a parcel of not 
    more than 1 acre adjacent to the parcel used as a cemetery), a 
    landfill, or a sewage treatment plant under a special use 
    authorization issued or otherwise authorized by the Secretary.''.
    (c) Disposition of Proceeds.--Section 2 of Public Law 97-465 (16 
U.S.C. 521d) is amended--
        (1) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by striking ``The 
    Secretary is authorized'' and inserting the following:
    ``(a) Conveyance Authority; Consideration.--The Secretary is 
authorized'';
        (2) in paragraph (2), in the second sentence, by striking ``The 
    Secretary shall insert'' and inserting the following:
    ``(b) Inclusion of Terms, Covenants, Conditions, and 
Reservations.--
        ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall insert'';
        (3) in subsection (b) (as so designated)--
            (A) by striking ``convenants'' and inserting ``covenants''; 
        and
            (B) in the second sentence by striking ``The preceding 
        sentence shall not'' and inserting the following:
        ``(2) Limitation.--Paragraph (1) shall not''; and
        (4) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(c) Disposition of Proceeds.--
        ``(1) Deposit in sisk fund.--The net proceeds derived from any 
    sale or exchange conducted under paragraph (4), (5), or (6) of 
    section 3 shall be deposited in the fund established under Public 
    Law 90-171 (commonly known as the `Sisk Act') (16 U.S.C. 484a).
        ``(2) Use.--Amounts deposited under paragraph (1) shall be 
    available to the Secretary until expended for--
            ``(A) the acquisition of land or interests in land for 
        administrative sites for the National Forest System in the 
        State from which the amounts were derived;
            ``(B) the acquisition of land or interests in land for 
        inclusion in the National Forest System in that State, 
        including land or interests in land that enhance opportunities 
        for recreational access; or
            ``(C) the reimbursement of the Secretary for costs incurred 
        in preparing a sale conducted under the authority of section 3 
        if the sale is a competitive sale.''.
SEC. 8622. FOREST SERVICE PARTICIPATION IN ACES PROGRAM.
    Section 8302 of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (16 U.S.C. 3851a) is 
amended--
        (1) by striking ``The Secretary'' and inserting the following:
    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary''; and
        (2) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(b) Termination of Effectiveness.--The authority provided to the 
Secretary to carry out this section terminates effective October 1, 
2023.''.
SEC. 8623. AUTHORIZATION FOR LEASE OF FOREST SERVICE SITES.
    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
        (1) Administrative site.--
            (A) In general.--The term ``administrative site'' means--
                (i) any facility or improvement, including curtilage, 
            that was acquired or is used specifically for purposes of 
            administration of the National Forest System;
                (ii) any Federal land that--

                    (I) is associated with a facility or improvement 
                described in clause (i) that was acquired or is used 
                specifically for purposes of administration of Forest 
                Service activities; and
                    (II) underlies or abuts the facility or 
                improvement; and

                (iii) for each fiscal year, not more than 10 isolated, 
            undeveloped parcels of not more than 40 acres each.
            (B) Exclusions.--The term ``administrative site'' does not 
        include--
                (i) any land within a unit of the National Forest 
            System that is exclusively designated for natural area or 
            recreational purposes;
                (ii) any land within--

                    (I) a component of the National Wilderness 
                Preservation System;
                    (II) a component of the National Wild and Scenic 
                Rivers System; or
                    (III) a National Monument; or

                (iii) any Federal land that the Secretary determines--

                    (I) is needed for resource management purposes or 
                to provide access to other land or water; or
                    (II) would be in the public interest not to lease.

        (2) Facility or improvement.--The term ``facility or 
    improvement'' includes--
            (A) a forest headquarters;
            (B) a ranger station;
            (C) a research station or laboratory;
            (D) a dwelling;
            (E) a warehouse;
            (F) a scaling station;
            (G) a fire-retardant mixing station;
            (H) a fire-lookout station;
            (I) a guard station;
            (J) a storage facility;
            (K) a telecommunication facility; and
            (L) any other administrative installation for conducting 
        Forest Service activities.
        (3) Market analysis.--The term ``market analysis'' means the 
    identification and study of the market for a particular economic 
    good or service.
    (b) Authorization.--The Secretary may lease an administrative site 
that is under the jurisdiction of the Secretary in accordance with this 
section.
    (c) Identification of Eligible Sites.--A regional forester, in 
consultation with forest supervisors in the region, may submit to the 
Secretary a recommendation for administrative sites in the region that 
the regional forester considers eligible for leasing under this 
section.
    (d) Consultation With Local Government and Public Notice.--Before 
making an administrative site available for lease under this section, 
the Secretary shall--
        (1) consult with government officials of the community and of 
    the State in which the administrative site is located; and
        (2) provide public notice of the proposed lease.
    (e) Lease Requirements.--
        (1) Size.--An administrative site or compound of administrative 
    sites under a single lease under this section may not exceed 40 
    acres.
        (2) Configuration of administrative sites.--
            (A) In general.--To facilitate the lease of an 
        administrative site under this section, the Secretary may 
        configure the administrative site--
                (i) to maximize the marketability of the administrative 
            site; and
                (ii) to achieve management objectives.
            (B) Separate treatment of facility or improvement.--A 
        facility or improvement on an administrative site to be leased 
        under this section may be severed from the land and leased 
        under a separate lease under this section.
        (3) Consideration.--
            (A) In general.--A person to which a lease of an 
        administrative site is made under this section shall provide to 
        the Secretary consideration described in subparagraph (B) in an 
        amount that is not less than the market value of the 
        administrative site, as determined in accordance with 
        subparagraph (C).
            (B) Form of consideration.--The consideration referred to 
        in subparagraph (A) may be--
                (i) cash;
                (ii) in-kind, including--

                    (I) the construction of new facilities or 
                improvements, the title to which shall be transferred 
                by the lessee to the Secretary;
                    (II) the maintenance, repair, improvement, or 
                restoration of existing facilities or improvements; and
                    (III) other services relating to activities that 
                occur on the administrative site, as determined by the 
                Secretary; or

                (iii) any combination of the consideration described in 
            clauses (i) and (ii).
            (C) Determination of market value.--
                (i) In general.--The Secretary shall determine the 
            market value of an administrative site to be leased under 
            this section--

                    (I) by conducting an appraisal in accordance with--

                        (aa) the Uniform Appraisal Standards for 
                    Federal Land Acquisitions established in accordance 
                    with the Uniform Relocation Assistance and Real 
                    Property Acquisition Policies Act of 1970 (42 
                    U.S.C. 4601 et seq.); and
                        (bb) the Uniform Standards of Professional 
                    Appraisal Practice; or

                    (II) by competitive lease.

                (ii) In-kind consideration.--The Secretary shall 
            determine the market value of any in-kind consideration 
            under subparagraph (B)(ii).
        (4) Conditions.--The lease of an administrative site under this 
    section shall be subject to such conditions, including bonding, as 
    the Secretary determines to be appropriate.
        (5) Right of first refusal.--Subject to terms and conditions 
    that the Secretary determines to be necessary, the Secretary shall 
    offer to lease an administrative site to the municipality or county 
    in which the administrative site is located before seeking to lease 
    the administrative site to any other person.
    (f) Relation to Other Laws.--
        (1) Federal property disposal.--Chapter 5 of title 40, United 
    States Code, shall not apply to the lease of an administrative site 
    under this section.
        (2) Lead-based paint and asbestos abatement.--
            (A) In general.--Notwithstanding any provision of law 
        relating to the mitigation or abatement of lead-based paint or 
        asbestos-containing building materials, the Secretary shall not 
        be required to mitigate or abate lead-based paint or asbestos-
        containing building materials with respect to an administrative 
        site to be leased under this section.
            (B) Procedures.--With respect to an administrative site to 
        be leased under this section that has lead-based paint or 
        asbestos-containing building materials, the Secretary shall--
                (i) provide notice to the person to which the 
            administrative site will be leased of the presence of the 
            lead-based paint or asbestos-containing building material; 
            and
                (ii) obtain written assurance from that person that the 
            person will comply with applicable Federal, State, and 
            local laws relating to the management of lead-based paint 
            and asbestos-containing building materials.
        (3) Environmental review.--The National Environmental Policy 
    Act of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.) shall apply to the lease of an 
    administrative site under this section, except that, in any 
    environmental review or analysis required under that Act for the 
    lease of an administrative site under this section, the Secretary 
    shall be required only--
            (A) to analyze the most reasonably foreseeable use of the 
        administrative site, as determined through a market analysis;
            (B) to determine whether to include any conditions under 
        subsection (e)(4); and
            (C) to evaluate the alternative of not leasing the 
        administrative site in accordance with the National 
        Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.).
        (4) Compliance with local laws.--A person that leases an 
    administrative site under this section shall comply with all 
    applicable State and local zoning laws, building codes, and permit 
    requirements for any construction activities that occur on the 
    administrative site.
    (g) Prohibition.--No agency of the Federal Government shall make 
any cash payments to a leaseholder relating to the use or occupancy of 
any administrative site or facility that has been improved under this 
section.
    (h) Congressional Notifications.--
        (1) Anticipated use of authority.--As part of the annual budget 
    justification documents provided to the Committee on Appropriations 
    of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Appropriations 
    of the Senate, the Secretary shall include--
            (A) a list of the anticipated leases to be made, including 
        the anticipated revenue that may be obtained, under this 
        section;
            (B) a description of the intended use of any revenue 
        obtained under a lease under this section, including a list of 
        any projects that cost more than $500,000; and
            (C) a description of accomplishments during previous years 
        using the authority of the Secretary under this section.
        (2) Changes to lease list.--If the Secretary desires to lease 
    an administrative site under this section that is not included on a 
    list provided under paragraph (1)(A), the Secretary shall submit to 
    the congressional committees described in paragraph (3) a notice of 
    the proposed lease, including the anticipated revenue that may be 
    obtained from the lease.
        (3) Use of authority.--Not less frequently than once each year, 
    the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Agriculture, the 
    Committee on Appropriations, and the Committee on Natural Resources 
    of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, 
    Nutrition, and Forestry, the Committee on Appropriations, and the 
    Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate a report 
    describing each lease made by the Secretary under this section 
    during the period covered by the report.
    (i) Expiration of Authority.--
        (1) In general.--The authority of the Secretary to make a lease 
    of an administrative site under this section expires on October 1, 
    2023.
        (2) Effect on lease agreement.--Paragraph (1) shall not affect 
    the authority of the Secretary to carry out this section in the 
    case of any lease agreement that was entered into by the Secretary 
    before October 1, 2023.
SEC. 8624. GOOD NEIGHBOR AUTHORITY.
    (a) Inclusion of Indian Tribes.--Section 8206(a) of the 
Agricultural Act of 2014 (16 U.S.C. 2113a(a)) is amended--
        (1) in paragraph (1)(A), by striking ``land and non-Federal 
    land'' and inserting ``land, non-Federal land, and land owned by an 
    Indian tribe'';
        (2) in paragraph (5), by inserting ``or Indian tribe'' after 
    ``affected State'';
        (3) by redesignating paragraphs (6) through (8) as paragraphs 
    (7) through (9), respectively; and
        (4) by inserting after paragraph (5) (as so redesignated) the 
    following:
        ``(6) Indian tribe.--The term `Indian tribe' has the meaning 
    given the term in section 4 of the Indian Self-Determination and 
    Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 5304).''.
    (b) Inclusion of Counties.--Section 8206 of the Agricultural Act of 
2014 (16 U.S.C. 2113a) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (a)--
            (A) in paragraph (1)(B), by inserting ``or county, as 
        applicable,'' after ``Governor'';
            (B) by redesignating paragraphs (2) through (9) (as amended 
        by subsection (a)) as paragraphs (3) through (10), 
        respectively;
            (C) by inserting after paragraph (1) the following:
        ``(2) County.--The term `county' means--
            ``(A) the appropriate executive official of an affected 
        county; or
            ``(B) in any case in which multiple counties are affected, 
        the appropriate executive official of a compact of the affected 
        counties.''; and
            (D) in paragraph (5) (as so redesignated), by inserting 
        ``or county, as applicable,'' after ``Governor''; and
        (2) in subsection (b)--
            (A) in paragraph (1)(A), by inserting ``or county'' after 
        ``Governor'';
            (B) in paragraph (2)(A), by striking ``cooperative 
        agreement or contract entered into under subsection (a)'' and 
        inserting ``good neighbor agreement'';
            (C) in paragraph (3), by inserting ``or county'' after 
        ``Governor''; and
            (D) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(4) Receipts.--Notwithstanding any other provision of law, 
    any payment made by a county to the Secretary under a project 
    conducted under a good neighbor agreement shall not be considered 
    to be monies received from National Forest System land or Bureau of 
    Land Management land, as applicable.''.
    (c) Treatment of Revenue From Timber Sale Contracts.--Section 
8206(b)(2) of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (16 U.S.C. 2113a(b)(2)) is 
amended by adding at the end the following:
            ``(C) Treatment of revenue.--
                ``(i) In general.--Funds received from the sale of 
            timber by a Governor of a State under a good neighbor 
            agreement shall be retained and used by the Governor--

                    ``(I) to carry out authorized restoration services 
                on Federal land under the good neighbor agreement; and
                    ``(II) if there are funds remaining after carrying 
                out subclause (I), to carry out authorized restoration 
                services on Federal land within the State under other 
                good neighbor agreements.

                ``(ii) Termination of effectiveness.--The authority 
            provided by this subparagraph terminates effective October 
            1, 2023.''.
SEC. 8625. CHATTAHOOCHEE-OCONEE NATIONAL FOREST LAND ADJUSTMENT.
    (a) Findings.--Congress finds that--
        (1) certain National Forest System land in the State of Georgia 
    consists of isolated tracts that are inefficient to manage or have 
    lost their principal value for National Forest purposes;
        (2) the disposal of that National Forest System land would be 
    in the public interest; and
        (3) proceeds from the sale of National Forest System land under 
    subsection (b)(1) would be used best by the Forest Service to 
    purchase land for National Forest purposes in the State of Georgia.
    (b) Land Conveyance Authority.--
        (1) In general.--Under such terms and conditions as the 
    Secretary may prescribe, the Secretary may sell or exchange any or 
    all rights, title, and interest of the United States in and to the 
    National Forest System land described in paragraph (2)(A).
        (2) Land authorized for disposal.--
            (A) In general.--The National Forest System land referred 
        to in paragraph (1) is the 30 tracts of land totaling 
        approximately 3,841 acres that are generally depicted on the 2 
        maps entitled ``Priority Land Adjustments, State of Georgia, 
        U.S. Forest Service-Southern Region, Oconee and Chattahoochee 
        National Forests, U.S. Congressional Districts-8, 9, 10 & 14'' 
        and dated September 24, 2013.
            (B) Maps.--The maps described in subparagraph (A) shall be 
        on file and available for public inspection in the Office of 
        the Forest Supervisor, Chattahoochee-Oconee National Forest, 
        until such time as the land is sold or exchanged.
            (C) Modification of boundaries.--The Secretary may modify 
        the boundaries of the National Forest System land described in 
        subparagraph (A) based on land management considerations.
        (3) Form of conveyance.--
            (A) Quitclaim deed.--The Secretary shall convey National 
        Forest System land sold or exchanged under paragraph (1) by 
        quitclaim deed.
            (B) Reservations.--The Secretary may reserve any rights-of-
        way or other rights or interests in National Forest System land 
        sold or exchanged under paragraph (1) that the Secretary 
        considers necessary for management purposes or to protect the 
        public interest.
        (4) Valuation.--
            (A) Market value.--The Secretary may not sell or exchange 
        National Forest System land under paragraph (1) for less than 
        market value, as determined by appraisal or through competitive 
        bid.
            (B) Appraisal requirements.--Any appraisal under 
        subparagraph (A) shall be--
                (i) consistent with the Uniform Appraisal Standards for 
            Federal Land Acquisitions or the Uniform Standards of 
            Professional Appraisal Practice; and
                (ii) subject to the approval of the Secretary.
        (5) Consideration.--
            (A) Cash.--Consideration for a sale of National Forest 
        System land or equalization of an exchange under paragraph (1) 
        shall be paid in cash.
            (B) Exchange.--Notwithstanding section 206(b) of the 
        Federal Land Policy and Management Act of 1976 (43 U.S.C. 
        1716(b)), the Secretary may accept a cash equalization payment 
        in excess of 25 percent of the value of any National Forest 
        System land exchanged under paragraph (1).
        (6) Method of sale.--
            (A) Options.--The Secretary may sell National Forest System 
        land under paragraph (1) at public or private sale, including 
        competitive sale by auction, bid, or otherwise, in accordance 
        with such terms, conditions, and procedures as the Secretary 
        determines are in the best interest of the United States.
            (B) Solicitations.--The Secretary may--
                (i) make public or private solicitations for the sale 
            or exchange of National Forest System land under paragraph 
            (1); and
                (ii) reject any offer that the Secretary determines is 
            not adequate or not in the public interest.
        (7) Brokers.--The Secretary may--
            (A) use brokers or other third parties in the sale or 
        exchange of National Forest System land under paragraph (1); 
        and
            (B) from the proceeds of a sale, pay reasonable commissions 
        or fees.
    (c) Treatment of Proceeds.--
        (1) Deposit.--Subject to subsection (b)(7)(B), the Secretary 
    shall deposit the proceeds of a sale or a cash equalization payment 
    received from the sale or exchange of National Forest System land 
    under subsection (b)(1) in the fund established under Public Law 
    90-171 (commonly known as the ``Sisk Act'') (16 U.S.C. 484a).
        (2) Availability.--Subject to paragraph (3), amounts deposited 
    under paragraph (1) shall be available to the Secretary until 
    expended, without further appropriation, for the acquisition of 
    land for National Forest purposes in the State of Georgia.
        (3) Private property protection.--Nothing in this section 
    authorizes the use of funds deposited under paragraph (1) to be 
    used to acquire land without the written consent of the owner of 
    the land.
SEC. 8626. TENNESSEE WILDERNESS.
    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
        (1) Map.--The term ``Map'' means the map entitled ``Proposed 
    Wilderness Areas and Additions-Cherokee National Forest'' and dated 
    January 20, 2010.
        (2) State.--The term ``State'' means the State of Tennessee.
    (b) Additions to Cherokee National Forest.--
        (1) Designation of wilderness.--In accordance with the 
    Wilderness Act (16 U.S.C. 1131 et seq.), the following parcels of 
    Federal land in the Cherokee National Forest in the State are 
    designated as wilderness and as additions to the National 
    Wilderness Preservation System:
            (A) Certain land comprising approximately 9,038 acres, as 
        generally depicted as the ``Upper Bald River Wilderness'' on 
        the Map and which shall be known as the ``Upper Bald River 
        Wilderness''.
            (B) Certain land comprising approximately 348 acres, as 
        generally depicted as the ``Big Frog Addition'' on the Map and 
        which shall be incorporated in, and shall be considered to be a 
        part of, the Big Frog Wilderness.
            (C) Certain land comprising approximately 630 acres, as 
        generally depicted as the ``Little Frog Mountain Addition NW'' 
        on the Map and which shall be incorporated in, and shall be 
        considered to be a part of, the Little Frog Mountain 
        Wilderness.
            (D) Certain land comprising approximately 336 acres, as 
        generally depicted as the ``Little Frog Mountain Addition NE'' 
        on the Map and which shall be incorporated in, and shall be 
        considered to be a part of, the Little Frog Mountain 
        Wilderness.
            (E) Certain land comprising approximately 2,922 acres, as 
        generally depicted as the ``Sampson Mountain Addition'' on the 
        Map and which shall be incorporated in, and shall be considered 
        to be a part of, the Sampson Mountain Wilderness.
            (F) Certain land comprising approximately 4,446 acres, as 
        generally depicted as the ``Big Laurel Branch Addition'' on the 
        Map and which shall be incorporated in, and shall be considered 
        to be a part of, the Big Laurel Branch Wilderness.
            (G) Certain land comprising approximately 1,836 acres, as 
        generally depicted as the ``Joyce Kilmer-Slickrock Addition'' 
        on the Map and which shall be incorporated in, and shall be 
        considered to be a part of, the Joyce Kilmer-Slickrock 
        Wilderness.
        (2) Maps and legal descriptions.--
            (A) In general.--As soon as practicable after the date of 
        enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall file maps and legal 
        descriptions of the wilderness areas designated by paragraph 
        (1) with the appropriate committees of Congress.
            (B) Public availability.--The maps and legal descriptions 
        filed under subparagraph (A) shall be on file and available for 
        public inspection in the office of the Chief of the Forest 
        Service and the office of the Supervisor of the Cherokee 
        National Forest.
            (C) Force of law.--The maps and legal descriptions filed 
        under subparagraph (A) shall have the same force and effect as 
        if included in this Act, except that the Secretary may correct 
        typographical errors in the maps and descriptions.
        (3) Administration.--
            (A) In general.--Subject to valid existing rights, the 
        Federal land designated as wilderness by paragraph (1) shall be 
        administered by the Secretary in accordance with the Wilderness 
        Act (16 U.S.C. 1131 et seq.), except that any reference in that 
        Act to the effective date of that Act shall be deemed to be a 
        reference to the date of enactment of this Act.
            (B) Fish and wildlife management.--In accordance with 
        section 4(d)(7) of the Wilderness Act (16 U.S.C. 1133(d)(7)), 
        nothing in this section affects the jurisdiction of the State 
        with respect to fish and wildlife management, including the 
        regulation of hunting, fishing, and trapping, in the wilderness 
        areas designated by paragraph (1).
SEC. 8627. KISATCHIE NATIONAL FOREST LAND CONVEYANCE.
    (a) Finding.--Congress finds that it is in the public interest to 
authorize the conveyance of certain Federal land in the Kisatchie 
National Forest in the State of Louisiana for market value 
consideration.
    (b) Definitions.--In this section:
        (1) Collins camp properties.--The term ``Collins Camp 
    Properties'' means Collins Camp Properties, Inc., a corporation 
    incorporated under the laws of the State.
        (2) State.--The term ``State'' means the State of Louisiana.
    (c) Authorization of Conveyances, Kisatchie National Forest, 
Louisiana.--
        (1) Authorization.--
            (A) In general.--Subject to valid existing rights and 
        paragraph (2), the Secretary may convey the Federal land 
        described in subparagraph (B) by quitclaim deed at public or 
        private sale, including competitive sale by auction, bid, or 
        other methods.
            (B) Description of land.--The Federal land referred to in 
        subparagraph (A) consists of--
                (i) all Federal land within sec. 9, T. 10 N., R. 5 W., 
            Winn Parish, Louisiana; and
                (ii) a 2.16-acre parcel of Federal land located in the 
            SW\1/4\ of sec. 4, T. 10 N., R. 5 W., Winn Parish, 
            Louisiana, as depicted on a certificate of survey dated 
            March 7, 2007, by Glen L. Cannon, P.L.S. 4436.
        (2) First right of purchase.--Subject to valid existing rights 
    and subsection (e), during the 1-year period beginning on the date 
    of enactment of this Act, on the provision of consideration by the 
    Collins Camp Properties to the Secretary, the Secretary shall 
    convey, by quitclaim deed, to Collins Camp Properties all right, 
    title, and interest of the United States in and to--
            (A) the not more than 47.92 acres of Federal land 
        comprising the Collins Campsites within sec. 9, T. 10 N., R. 5 
        W., in Winn Parish, Louisiana, as generally depicted on a 
        certificate of survey dated February 28, 2007, by Glen L. 
        Cannon, P.L.S. 4436; and
            (B) the parcel of Federal land described in paragraph 
        (1)(B)(ii).
        (3) Terms and conditions.--The Secretary may--
            (A) configure the Federal land to be conveyed under this 
        section--
                (i) to maximize the marketability of the conveyance; or
                (ii) to achieve management objectives; and
            (B) establish any terms and conditions for the conveyances 
        under this section that the Secretary determines to be in the 
        public interest.
        (4) Consideration.--Consideration for a conveyance of Federal 
    land under this section shall be--
            (A) in the form of cash; and
            (B) in an amount equal to the market value of the Federal 
        land being conveyed, as determined under paragraph (5).
        (5) Market value.--The market value of the Federal land 
    conveyed under this section shall be determined--
            (A) in the case of Federal land conveyed under paragraph 
        (2), by an appraisal that is--
                (i) conducted in accordance with the Uniform Appraisal 
            Standards for Federal Land Acquisitions; and
                (ii) approved by the Secretary; or
            (B) if conveyed by a method other than the methods 
        described in paragraph (2), by competitive sale.
        (6) Hazardous substances.--
            (A) In general.--In any conveyance of Federal land under 
        this section, the Secretary shall meet disclosure requirements 
        for hazardous substances, but shall otherwise not be required 
        to remediate or abate the substances.
            (B) Effect.--Except as provided in subparagraph (A), 
        nothing in this subsection affects the application of the 
        Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and 
        Liability Act of 1980 (42 U.S.C. 9601 et seq.) to the 
        conveyances of Federal land.
    (d) Proceeds From the Sale of Land.--The Secretary shall deposit 
the proceeds of a conveyance of Federal land under subsection (c) in 
the fund established under Public Law 90-171 (commonly known as the 
``Sisk Act'') (16 U.S.C. 484a).
    (e) Administration.--
        (1) Costs.--As a condition of a conveyance of Federal land to 
    Collins Camp Properties under subsection (c), the Secretary shall 
    require Collins Camp Properties to pay at closing--
            (A) reasonable appraisal costs; and
            (B) the cost of any administrative and environmental 
        analyses required by law (including regulations).
        (2) Permits.--
            (A) In general.--An offer by Collins Camp Properties for 
        the acquisition of the Federal land under subsection (c) shall 
        be accompanied by a written statement from each holder of a 
        Forest Service special use authorization with respect to the 
        Federal land that specifies that the holder agrees to 
        relinquish the special use authorization on the conveyance of 
        the Federal land to Collins Camp Properties.
            (B) Special use authorizations.--If any holder of a special 
        use authorization described in subparagraph (A) fails to 
        provide a written authorization in accordance with that 
        subparagraph, the Secretary shall require, as a condition of 
        the conveyance, that Collins Camp Properties administer the 
        special use authorization according to the terms of the special 
        use authorization until the date on which the special use 
        authorization expires.
SEC. 8628. PURCHASE OF NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE PROPERTY, 
RIVERSIDE COUNTY, CALIFORNIA.
    (a) Findings.--Congress finds as follows:
        (1) Since 1935, the United States has owned a parcel of land in 
    Riverside, California, consisting of approximately 8.75 acres, more 
    specifically described in subsection (b)(1) (in this section 
    referred to as the ``property'').
        (2) The property is under the jurisdiction of the Department of 
    Agriculture and has been variously used for research and plant 
    materials purposes.
        (3) Since 1998, the property has been administered by the 
    Natural Resources Conservation Service of the Department of 
    Agriculture.
        (4) Since 2002, the property has been co-managed under a 
    cooperative agreement between the Natural Resources Conservation 
    Service and the Riverside Corona Resource Conservation District, 
    which is a legal subdivision of the State of California under 
    section 9003 of the California Public Resources Code.
        (5) The Conservation District wishes to purchase the property 
    and use it for conservation, environmental, and related educational 
    purposes.
        (6) As provided in subsection (b), the purchase of the property 
    by the Conservation District would promote the conservation 
    education and related activities of the Conservation District and 
    result in savings to the Federal Government.
    (b) Land Purchase, Natural Resources Conservation Service Property, 
Riverside County, California.--
        (1) Purchase authorized.--The Secretary shall sell and 
    quitclaim to the Riverside Corona Resource Conservation District 
    (in this section referred to as the ``Conservation District'') all 
    right, title, and interest of the United States in and to a parcel 
    of real property, including improvements thereon, that is located 
    at 4500 Glenwood Drive in Riverside, California, consists of 
    approximately 8.75 acres, and is administered by the Natural 
    Resources Conservation Service of the Department of Agriculture. As 
    necessary or desirable to facilitate the purchase of the property 
    under this subsection, the Secretary or the Conservation District 
    may survey all or portions of the property.
        (2) Consideration.--As consideration for the purchase of the 
    property under this subsection, the Conservation District shall pay 
    to the Secretary an amount equal to the appraised value of the 
    property.
        (3) Prohibition on reservation of interest.--The Secretary 
    shall not reserve any future interest in the property to be 
    conveyed under this subsection, except such interest as may be 
    acceptable to the Conservation District.
        (4) Hazardous substances.--Notwithstanding section 120(h) of 
    the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and 
    Liability Act of 1980 (42 U.S.C. 9620(h)) or the Solid Waste 
    Disposal Act (42 U.S.C. 6901 et seq.), in the case of the property 
    purchased by the Conservation District under this subsection, the 
    Secretary shall be only required to meet the disclosure 
    requirements for hazardous substances, pollutants, or contaminants, 
    but shall otherwise not be required to remediate or abate any such 
    releases of hazardous substances, pollutants, or contaminants, 
    including petroleum and petroleum derivatives.
        (5) Cooperative authority.--
            (A) Leases, contracts, and cooperative agreements 
        authorized.--In conjunction with, or in addition to, the 
        purchase of the property by the Conservation District under 
        this subsection, the Secretary may enter into leases, contracts 
        and cooperative agreements with the Conservation District.
            (B) Sole source.--Notwithstanding sections 3105, 3301, and 
        3303 to 3305 of title 41, United States Code, or any other 
        provision of law, the Secretary may lease real property from 
        the Conservation District on a noncompetitive basis.
            (C) Non-exclusive authority.--The authority provided by 
        this subsection is in addition to any other authority of the 
        Secretary.
SEC. 8629. COLLABORATIVE FOREST LANDSCAPE RESTORATION PROGRAM.
    (a) Waiver Authority.--Section 4003(d) of the Omnibus Public Land 
Management Act of 2009 (16 U.S.C. 7303(d)) is amended by adding at the 
end the following:
        ``(4) Waiver.--
            ``(A) In general.--Subject to subparagraph (B), after 
        consulting with the advisory panel established under subsection 
        (e), if the Secretary determines that a proposal that has been 
        selected under paragraph (1) and is being carried out continues 
        to meet the eligibility criteria established by subsection (b), 
        the Secretary, on a case-by-case basis, may issue for the 
        proposal a 1-time extension of the 10-year period requirement 
        under paragraph (1)(B) of that subsection.
            ``(B) Limitation.--The extension described in subparagraph 
        (A)--
                ``(i) shall be for the shortest period of time 
            practicable to complete implementation of the proposal, as 
            determined by the Secretary; and
                ``(ii) shall not exceed 10 years.''.
    (b) Waiver Limitation.--Section 4003(f)(4) of the Omnibus Public 
Land Management Act of 2009 (16 U.S.C. 7303(f)(4)) is amended by adding 
at the end the following:
            ``(C) Exception.--The limitation described in subparagraph 
        (B)(i) shall not apply to a proposal for which a 1-time 
        extension is granted under subsection (d)(4).''.
    (c) Reauthorization.--Section 4003(f)(6) of the Omnibus Public Land 
Management Act of 2009 (16 U.S.C. 7303(f)(6)) is amended by striking 
``$40,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2009 through 2019'' and 
inserting ``$80,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2019 through 2023''.
    (d) Reporting Requirements.--Section 4003(h) of the Omnibus Public 
Land Management Act of 2009 (16 U.S.C. 7303(h)) is amended--
        (1) in paragraph (3), by striking ``and'' after the semicolon;
        (2) in paragraph (4), by striking the period at the end and 
    inserting ``; and'';
        (3) by redesignating paragraphs (3) and (4) as paragraphs (4) 
    and (5), respectively;
        (4) by inserting after paragraph (2) the following:
        ``(3) the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of 
    the Senate;''; and
        (5) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(6) the Committee on Agriculture of the House of 
    Representatives.''.
SEC. 8630. UTILITY INFRASTRUCTURE RIGHTS-OF-WAY VEGETATION MANAGEMENT 
PILOT PROGRAM.
    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
        (1) National forest system land.--
            (A) In general.--The term ``National Forest System land'' 
        means land within the National Forest System, as defined in 
        section 11(a) of the Forest and Rangeland Renewable Resources 
        Planning Act of 1974 (16 U.S.C. 1609(a)).
            (B) Exclusions.--The term ``National Forest System land'' 
        does not include--
                (i) a National Grassland; or
                (ii) a land utilization project on land designated as a 
            National Grassland and administered pursuant to sections 
            31, 32, and 33 of the Bankhead-Jones Farm Tenant Act (7 
            U.S.C. 1010, 1011, 1012).
        (2) Passing wildfire.--The term ``passing wildfire'' means a 
    wildfire that originates outside of a right-of-way.
        (3) Pilot program.--The term ``pilot program'' means the pilot 
    program established by the Secretary under subsection (b).
        (4) Right-of-way.--The term ``right-of-way'' means a special 
    use authorization issued by the Forest Service allowing the 
    placement of utility infrastructure.
        (5) Utility infrastructure.--The term ``utility 
    infrastructure'' means electric transmission lines, natural gas 
    infrastructure, or related structures.
    (b) Establishment.--
        (1) In general.--To encourage owners or operators of rights-of-
    way on National Forest System land to partner with the Forest 
    Service to voluntarily conduct vegetation management projects on a 
    proactive basis to better protect utility infrastructure from 
    potential passing wildfires, the Secretary may establish a limited, 
    voluntary pilot program, in the manner described in this section, 
    to conduct vegetation management projects on National Forest System 
    land adjacent to those rights-of-way.
        (2) Application.--The pilot program shall not apply in a right-
    of-way described in paragraph (1).
    (c) Eligible Participants.--
        (1) In general.--A participant in the pilot program shall be 
    the owner or operator of a right-of-way on National Forest System 
    land.
        (2) Selection priority.--In selecting participants for the 
    pilot program, the Secretary shall give priority to an owner or 
    operator of a right-of-way that has developed the utility 
    infrastructure protection prescriptions of the owner or operator in 
    coordination with Forest Service fire scientists or fire managers.
    (d) Vegetation Management Projects.--
        (1) In general.--A vegetation management project conducted 
    under the pilot program shall involve only limited vegetation 
    management activities that--
            (A) shall create the least ground disturbance and least 
        disturbance to wildlife reasonably necessary to protect utility 
        infrastructure from passing wildfires based on applicable 
        models, including Forest Service fuel models;
            (B) may include thinning and treatment of surface fuels, 
        ladder fuels, and activity fuels to create or maintain shaded 
        fuel breaks or other appropriate measures recommended by Forest 
        Service fire scientists or fire managers;
            (C)(i) shall only be conducted on National Forest System 
        land; and
            (ii) shall not--
                (I) extend for more than 150 feet from the electric 
            transmission line for which the applicable participant has 
            a right-of-way; or
                (II) comprise an overall width, for both sides of that 
            electric transmission line, that totals more than 200 feet; 
            and
            (D) shall not be conducted on--
                (i) a component of the National Wilderness Preservation 
            System;
                (ii) a designated wilderness study area;
                (iii) an inventoried roadless area; or
                (iv) Federal land on which, by Act of Congress or 
            Presidential proclamation, the removal of vegetation is 
            restricted or prohibited.
        (2) Approval.--Each vegetation management project described in 
    paragraph (1) shall be subject to approval by the Forest Service in 
    accordance with this section.
        (3) Fire prevention.--In carrying out a vegetation management 
    project under the pilot program, a participant shall adhere to--
            (A) Forest Service regulations relating to spark arresting 
        devices;
            (B) Forest Service regulations limiting and prohibiting 
        certain activities conducted by contractors in an area, based 
        on weather conditions and fire danger;
            (C) Forest Service regulations that apply to contractors 
        removing vegetation on National Forest System land pursuant to 
        a timber sale or stewardship contract, including regulations 
        relating to--
                (i) protection of residual trees and timber damaged by 
            contractors;
                (ii) protection measures needed for plants, animals, 
            cultural resources, and cave resources;
                (iii) streamcourse protection and erosion control;
                (iv) fire plans, precautions, and precautionary 
            periods;
                (v) fire suppression costs; and
                (vi) employment of eligible workers; and
            (D) State regulations relating to the prevention of 
        wildfires and contractors removing vegetation.
        (4) Treatment of slash.--In carrying out a vegetation 
    management project under the pilot program, a participant shall 
    treat any activity fuels in a manner that--
            (A) is satisfactory to the Forest Service;
            (B) does not result in a fire hazard; and
            (C) reduces the risk of an insect or disease outbreak.
    (e) Project Costs.--
        (1) In general.--Except as provided in paragraph (2) and 
    subsection (f)(2), a participant in the pilot program shall be 
    responsible for all costs, as determined by the Secretary, incurred 
    in participating in the pilot program.
        (2) Federal funding.--The Secretary may contribute funds for a 
    vegetation management project conducted under the pilot program if 
    the Secretary determines that the contribution is in the public 
    interest.
    (f) Liability.--
        (1) Activities within rights-of-way.--Participation in the 
    pilot program shall not affect any legal obligations or liability 
    standards that arise under the right-of-way for activities in the 
    right-of-way.
        (2) Wildfires.--
            (A) Operations fires.--
                (i) In general.--With respect to fire suppression costs 
            for a wildfire caused by the operations of a participant in 
            the pilot program (other than an operation or activity of a 
            participant described in subparagraph (B) or (C)), the 
            participant shall reimburse the Forest Service for those 
            costs, subject to a maximum dollar amount to which the 
            Forest Service and the participant shall agree prior to the 
            commencement of the project.
                (ii) Credit for actions by participants.--

                    (I) In general.--If a participant in the pilot 
                program provides actions, supplies, or equipment for 
                use to suppress a wildfire described in clause (i) or 
                at the request of the Forest Service, the cost of those 
                actions, supplies, or equipment shall be credited 
                toward the maximum dollar amount described in that 
                clause.
                    (II) Reimbursement.--If the actual cost of a 
                participant described in subclause (I) exceeds the 
                maximum dollar amount described in clause (i), the 
                Forest Service shall reimburse the participant for the 
                excess.

            (B) Negligent fires.--
                (i) In general.--Subject to clause (ii), if a wildfire 
            is caused by the negligence of a participant in the pilot 
            program, or an agent of the participant, including a 
            wildfire caused by smoking by persons engaged in the 
            operations of the participant, the participant shall bear 
            the cost of damages to Forest Service resources and the 
            fire suppression costs resulting from the wildfire.
                (ii) Limitation.--Except as provided in clause (iii), 
            the costs borne by a participant under clause (i) shall not 
            exceed $500,000.
                (iii) Failure to comply.--If the start or spread of a 
            wildfire described in clause (i) is caused by the failure 
            of the participant to comply with specific safety 
            requirements expressly imposed by the Forest Service as a 
            condition of conducting a vegetation management project 
            under the pilot program or by this section, the participant 
            shall bear the cost of damages to Forest Service resources 
            and the fire suppression costs resulting from the wildfire.
            (C) Exceptions.--This paragraph shall not apply in the case 
        of a wildfire caused by the felling of a tree by a participant 
        in the pilot program, or an agent of the participant, onto an 
        electric transmission line.
        (3) Effect.--Nothing in this subsection relieves a participant 
    in the pilot program of any liabilities to which the participant is 
    subject--
            (A) under State laws; or
            (B) with regard to damages to property other than Forest 
        Service property.
    (g) Implementation.--
        (1) In general.--Except as provided in paragraph (3), the 
    Secretary shall use the authority of the Secretary under other laws 
    (including regulations) to carry out the pilot program.
        (2) Compliance with existing laws.--Except as provided in 
    paragraph (3), a vegetation management project under the pilot 
    program shall be--
            (A) consistent with the applicable land management plan for 
        the area in which the project is located; and
            (B) carried out in accordance with all applicable laws, 
        including the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (42 
        U.S.C. 4321 et seq.).
        (3) Modification of regulations.--In order to implement the 
    pilot program in an efficient and expeditious manner, the Secretary 
    may waive or modify specific provisions of the Federal Acquisition 
    Regulation, including waivers or modifications to allow for the 
    formation of contracts or agreements on a noncompetitive basis.
    (h) Treatment of Proceeds.--Notwithstanding any other provision of 
law, the Secretary may--
        (1) retain any funds provided to the Forest Service by a 
    participant in the pilot program; and
        (2) use funds retained under paragraph (1), in such amounts as 
    may be appropriated, to carry out the pilot program.
    (i) Report to Congress.--Not later than December 31, 2020, and 2 
years thereafter, the Secretary shall submit a report describing the 
status of the pilot program and vegetation management projects 
conducted under the pilot program to--
        (1) the Committees on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry and 
    Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate; and
        (2) the Committees on Agriculture and Natural Resources of the 
    House of Representatives.
    (j) Duration.--The authority to carry out the pilot program, 
including any vegetation management project conducted under the pilot 
program, expires on October 1, 2023.
SEC. 8631. OKHISSA LAKE RURAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT LAND CONVEYANCE.
    (a) Definition of Alliance.--In this section, the term ``Alliance'' 
means the Scenic Rivers Development Alliance.
    (b) Request.--Subject to the requirements of this section, if the 
Alliance submits a written request for conveyance by not later than 180 
days after the date of enactment of this Act and the Secretary 
determines that it is in the public interest to convey the National 
Forest System Land described in subsection (c), the Secretary shall 
convey to the Alliance all right, title, and interest of the United 
States in and to the National Forest System land described in 
subsection (c) by quitclaim deed through a public or private sale, 
including a competitive sale by auction or bid.
    (c) Description of National Forest System Land.--
        (1) In general.--Subject to paragraph (2), the National Forest 
    System land referred to in subsection (b) is the approximately 150 
    acres of real property located in sec. 6, T. 5 N. R. 4 E., Franklin 
    County, Mississippi, and further described as--
            (A) the portion of the NW\1/4\ NW\1/4\ lying south of the 
        south boundary of Berrytown Road;
            (B) the portion of the W\1/2\ NE\1/4\ NW\1/4\ lying south 
        of the south boundary of Berrytown Road;
            (C) the portion of the SW\1/4\ NW\1/4\ lying east of the 
        east boundary of U.S. Highway 98;
            (D) the W\1/2\ SE\1/4\ NW\1/4\;
            (E) the portion of the NW\1/4\ SW\1/4\ lying east of the 
        east boundary of U.S. Highway 98;
            (F) the portion of the NE\1/4\ SW\1/4\ commencing at the 
        southwest corner of the NE\1/4\ SW\1/4\, said point being the 
        point of beginning, thence running east 330 feet along the 
        south boundary of the NE\1/4\ SW\1/4\ to a point in Lake 
        Okhissa, thence running northeasterly to a point in Lake 
        Okhissa on the east boundary of the NE\1/4\ SW\1/4\ 330 feet 
        south of the northeast corner thereof, thence running north 330 
        feet along the east boundary of the NE\1/4\ SW\1/4\ to the 
        northeast corner thereof, thence running west along the north 
        boundary of the NE\1/4\ SW\1/4\ to the NW corner thereof; 
        thence running south along the west boundary of the NE\1/4\ 
        SW\1/4\ to the point of beginning; and
            (G) the portion of the SE\1/4\ SE\1/4\ NW\1/4\ commencing 
        at the southeast corner of the SE\1/4\ NW\1/4\, said point 
        being the point of beginning, and running northwesterly to the 
        northwest corner of the SE\1/4\ SE1\/4\ NW\1/4\, thence running 
        south along the west boundary of the SE\1/4\ SE\1/4\ NW\1/4\ to 
        the southwest corner thereof, thence running east along the 
        south boundary of the SE\1/4\ SE\1/4\ NW\1/4\ to the point of 
        beginning.
        (2) Survey.--The exact acreage and legal description of the 
    National Forest System land to be conveyed under this section shall 
    be determined by a survey satisfactory to the Secretary.
    (d) Consideration.--
        (1) In general.--The consideration for the conveyance of any 
    National Forest System land under this section shall be--
            (A) provided in the form of cash; and
            (B) in an amount equal to the fair market value of the 
        National Forest System land being conveyed, as determined under 
        paragraph (2).
        (2) Fair market value determination.--The fair market value of 
    the National Forest System land conveyed under this section shall 
    be determined--
            (A) in the case of a method of conveyance described in 
        subsection (b), by an appraisal that is--
                (i) conducted in accordance with the Uniform Appraisal 
            Standards for Federal Land Acquisitions; and
                (ii) approved by the Secretary; or
            (B) in the case of a conveyance by a method other than a 
        method described in subsection (b), by competitive sale.
    (e) Terms and Conditions.--The conveyance under this section shall 
be subject to--
        (1) valid existing rights; and
        (2) such other terms and conditions as the Secretary considers 
    to be appropriate to protect the interests of the United States.
    (f) Proceeds From Sale.--The Secretary shall deposit the proceeds 
of the conveyance of any National Forest System land under this section 
in the fund established under Public Law 90-171 (commonly known as the 
``Sisk Act'') (16 U.S.C. 484a).
    (g) Costs.--As a condition for the conveyance under this section, 
the Secretary shall require the Alliance to pay at closing--
        (1) any reasonable appraisal costs; and
        (2) the costs of any administrative or environmental analysis 
    required by applicable law (including regulations).
SEC. 8632. REMOTE SENSING TECHNOLOGIES.
    The Chief of the Forest Service shall--
        (1) continue to find efficiencies in the operations of the 
    forest inventory and analysis program under section 3(e) of the 
    Forest and Rangeland Renewable Resources Research Act of 1978 (16 
    U.S.C. 1642(e)) through the improved use and integration of 
    advanced remote sensing technologies to provide estimates for 
    State- and national-level inventories, where appropriate; and
        (2) partner with States and other interested stakeholders to 
    carry out the program described in paragraph (1).

                      PART III--TIMBER INNOVATION

SEC. 8641. DEFINITIONS.
    In this part:
        (1) Innovative wood product.--The term ``innovative wood 
    product'' means a type of building component or system that uses 
    large panelized wood construction, including mass timber.
        (2) Mass timber.--The term ``mass timber'' includes--
            (A) cross-laminated timber;
            (B) nail laminated timber;
            (C) glue laminated timber;
            (D) laminated strand lumber; and
            (E) laminated veneer lumber.
        (3) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary, 
    acting through the Research and Development deputy area and the 
    State and Private Forestry deputy area of the Forest Service.
        (4) Tall wood building.--The term ``tall wood building'' means 
    a building designed to be--
            (A) constructed with mass timber; and
            (B) more than 85 feet in height.
SEC. 8642. CLARIFICATION OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM FOR WOOD 
BUILDING CONSTRUCTION.
    (a) In General.--The Secretary shall conduct performance-driven 
research and development, education, and technical assistance for the 
purpose of facilitating the use of innovative wood products in wood 
building construction in the United States.
    (b) Activities.--In carrying out subsection (a), the Secretary 
shall--
        (1) after receipt of input and guidance from, and collaboration 
    with, the wood products industry, conservation organizations, and 
    institutions of higher education, conduct research and development, 
    education, and technical assistance at the Forest Products 
    Laboratory or through the State and Private Forestry deputy area 
    that meets measurable performance goals for the achievement of the 
    priorities described in subsection (c); and
        (2) after coordination and collaboration with the wood products 
    industry and conservation organizations, make competitive grants to 
    institutions of higher education to conduct research and 
    development, education, and technical assistance that meets 
    measurable performance goals for the achievement of the priorities 
    described in subsection (c).
    (c) Priorities.--The research and development, education, and 
technical assistance conducted under subsection (a) shall give priority 
to--
        (1) ways to improve the commercialization of innovative wood 
    products;
        (2) analyzing the safety of tall wood building materials;
        (3) calculations by the Forest Products Laboratory of the 
    lifecycle environmental footprint, from extraction of raw materials 
    through the manufacturing process, of tall wood building 
    construction;
        (4) analyzing methods to reduce the lifecycle environmental 
    footprint of tall wood building construction;
        (5) analyzing the potential implications of the use of 
    innovative wood products in building construction on wildlife; and
        (6) 1 or more other research areas identified by the Secretary, 
    in consultation with conservation organizations, institutions of 
    higher education, and the wood products industry.
    (d) Timeframe.--To the maximum extent practicable, the measurable 
performance goals for the research and development, education, and 
technical assistance conducted under subsection (a) shall be achievable 
within a 5-year timeframe.
SEC. 8643. WOOD INNOVATION GRANT PROGRAM.
    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
        (1) Eligible entity.--The term ``eligible entity'' means--
            (A) an individual;
            (B) a public or private entity (including a center of 
        excellence that consists of 1 or more partnerships between 
        forestry, engineering, architecture, or business schools at 1 
        or more institutions of higher education); or
            (C) a State, local, or Tribal government.
        (2) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary, 
    acting through the Chief of the Forest Service.
    (b) Grant Program.--
        (1) In general.--The Secretary, in carrying out the wood 
    innovation grant program of the Secretary described in the notice 
    of the Secretary entitled ``Request for Proposals: 2016 Wood 
    Innovations Funding Opportunity'' (80 Fed. Reg. 63498 (October 20, 
    2015)), may make a wood innovation grant to 1 or more eligible 
    entities each year for the purpose of advancing the use of 
    innovative wood products.
        (2) Proposals.--To be eligible to receive a grant under this 
    subsection, an eligible entity shall submit to the Secretary a 
    proposal at such time, in such manner, and containing such 
    information as the Secretary may require.
    (c) Incentivizing Use of Existing Milling Capacity.--In selecting 
among proposals of eligible entities under subsection (b)(2), the 
Secretary shall give priority to proposals that include the use or 
retrofitting (or both) of existing sawmill facilities located in 
counties in which the average annual unemployment rate exceeded the 
national average unemployment rate by more than 1 percent in the 
previous calendar year.
    (d) Matching Requirement.--As a condition of receiving a grant 
under subsection (b), an eligible entity shall provide funds equal to 
the amount received by the eligible entity under the grant, to be 
derived from non-Federal sources.
SEC. 8644. COMMUNITY WOOD ENERGY AND WOOD INNOVATION PROGRAM.
    Section 9013 of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 
(7 U.S.C. 8113) is amended to read as follows:
``SEC. 9013. COMMUNITY WOOD ENERGY AND WOOD INNOVATION PROGRAM.
    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
        ``(1) Community wood energy system.--
            ``(A) In general.--The term `community wood energy system' 
        means an energy system that--
                ``(i) produces thermal energy or combined thermal 
            energy and electricity where thermal is the primary energy 
            output;
                ``(ii) services public facilities owned or operated by 
            State or local governments (including schools, town halls, 
            libraries, and other public buildings) or private or 
            nonprofit facilities (including commercial and business 
            facilities, such as hospitals, office buildings, apartment 
            buildings, and manufacturing and industrial buildings); and
                ``(iii) uses woody biomass, including residuals--

                    ``(I) that have not been adulterated with glue or 
                other chemical treatments from wood processing 
                facilities, as the primary fuel; and
                    ``(II) for which the use of that biomass for energy 
                production does not cause conversion of forests to 
                nonforest use.

            ``(B) Inclusions.--The term `community wood energy system' 
        includes single-facility central heating, district heating 
        systems serving multiple buildings, combined heat and electric 
        systems where thermal energy is the primary energy output, and 
        other related biomass energy systems.
        ``(2) Innovative wood product facility.--The term `innovative 
    wood product facility' means a manufacturing or processing plant or 
    mill that produces--
            ``(A) building components or systems that use large 
        panelized wood construction, including mass timber;
            ``(B) wood products derived from nanotechnology or other 
        new technology processes, as determined by the Secretary; or
            ``(C) other innovative wood products that use low-value, 
        low-quality wood, as determined by the Secretary.
        ``(3) Mass timber.--The term `mass timber' includes--
            ``(A) cross-laminated timber;
            ``(B) nail-laminated timber;
            ``(C) glue-laminated timber;
            ``(D) laminated strand lumber; and
            ``(E) laminated veneer lumber.
        ``(4) Program.--The term `Program' means the Community Wood 
    Energy and Wood Innovation Program established under subsection 
    (b).
    ``(b) Competitive Grant Program.--The Secretary, acting through the 
Chief of the Forest Service, shall establish a competitive grant 
program to be known as the `Community Wood Energy and Wood Innovation 
Program'.
    ``(c) Matching Grants.--
        ``(1) In general.--Under the Program, the Secretary shall make 
    grants to cover not more than 35 percent of the capital cost for 
    installing a community wood energy system or building an innovative 
    wood product facility.
        ``(2) Special circumstances.--The Secretary may establish 
    special circumstances, such as in the case of a community wood 
    energy system project or innovative wood product facility project 
    involving a school or hospital in a low-income community, under 
    which grants under the Program may cover up to 50 percent of the 
    capital cost.
        ``(3) Source of matching funds.--Matching funds required 
    pursuant to this subsection from a grant recipient shall be derived 
    from non-Federal funds.
    ``(d) Project Cap.--The total amount of grants under the Program 
for a community wood energy system project or innovative wood product 
facility project may not exceed--
        ``(1) in the case of grants under the general authority 
    provided under subsection (c)(1), $1,000,000; and
        ``(2) in the case of grants for which the special circumstances 
    apply under subsection (c)(2), $1,500,000.
    ``(e) Selection Criteria.--In selecting applicants for grants under 
the Program, the Secretary shall consider the following:
        ``(1) The energy efficiency of the proposed community wood 
    energy system or innovative wood product facility.
        ``(2) The cost effectiveness of the proposed community wood 
    energy system or innovative wood product facility.
        ``(3) The extent to which the proposed community wood energy 
    system or innovative wood product facility represents the best 
    available commercial technology.
        ``(4) The extent to which the proposed community wood energy 
    system uses the most stringent control technology that has been 
    required or achieved in practice for a wood-fired boiler of similar 
    size and type.
        ``(5)(A) The extent to which the proposed community wood energy 
    system will displace conventional fossil fuel generation.
        ``(B) Whether the proposed community wood energy system 
    minimizes emission increases to the greatest extent possible.
        ``(6) The extent to which the proposed community wood energy 
    system will increase delivered thermal efficiency of the systems 
    replaced.
        ``(7) The extent to which the applicant has demonstrated a high 
    likelihood of project success by completing detailed engineering 
    and design work in advance of the grant application.
        ``(8) Other technical, economic, conservation, and 
    environmental criteria that the Secretary considers appropriate.
    ``(f) Grant Priorities.--In selecting applicants for grants under 
the Program, the Secretary shall give priority to proposals that use 
the most stringent control technology that has been required or 
achieved in practice for a wood-fired boiler and--
        ``(1) would be carried out in a location where markets are 
    needed for the low-value, low-quality wood;
        ``(2) would be carried out in a location with limited access to 
    natural gas pipelines;
        ``(3) would include the use or retrofitting (or both) of 
    existing sawmill facilities located in a location where the average 
    annual unemployment rate exceeded the national average unemployment 
    rate by more than 1 percent during the previous calendar year; or
        ``(4) would be carried out in a location where the project will 
    aid with forest restoration.
    ``(g) Limitations.--
        ``(1) Capacity of community wood energy systems.--A community 
    wood energy system acquired with grant funds under the Program 
    shall not exceed nameplate capacity of 5 megawatts of thermal 
    energy or combined thermal and electric energy.
        ``(2) Funding for innovative wood product facilities.--Not more 
    than 25 percent of funds provided as grants under the Program for a 
    fiscal year may go to applicants proposing innovative wood product 
    facilities, unless the Secretary has received an insufficient 
    number of qualified proposals for community wood energy systems.
    ``(h) Funding.--There is authorized to be appropriated to carry out 
the Program $25,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2019 through 2023.''.

                       Subtitle G--Other Matters

SEC. 8701. RURAL REVITALIZATION TECHNOLOGIES.
    Section 2371(d)(2) of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and 
Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 6601(d)(2)) is amended by striking ``2018'' 
and inserting ``2023''.
SEC. 8702. RESOURCE ADVISORY COMMITTEES.
    Section 205 of the Secure Rural Schools and Community Self-
Determination Act of 2000 (16 U.S.C. 7125) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (d)--
            (A) in paragraph (1), by striking ``Each'' and inserting 
        ``Except as provided in paragraph (6), each'';
            (B) in paragraph (2), in the matter preceding subparagraph 
        (A), by striking ``Committee'' and inserting ``Except as 
        provided in paragraph (6), committee''; and
            (C) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(6) Committee composition waiver authority.--
            ``(A) Notice.--On notice from the applicable regional 
        forester that an adequate number of qualified candidates are 
        not interested or available to serve on a resource advisory 
        committee, the Secretary concerned shall publish a notice in 
        the Federal Register seeking candidates for the resource 
        advisory committee.
            ``(B) Modification of membership requirements.--If, by the 
        date that is 30 days after the date of publication of notice 
        under subparagraph (A), an inadequate number of qualified 
        candidates have applied to serve on a resource advisory 
        committee, the Secretary concerned may reduce--
                ``(i) the membership requirement under paragraph (1) to 
            not fewer than 9; and
                ``(ii) the membership requirements under subparagraphs 
            (A), (B), and (C) of paragraph (2) to 3 in each category 
            described in that paragraph, except that where a vacancy 
            exists on a resource advisory committee, the Secretary 
            concerned may not reject a qualified applicant from any 
            category.
            ``(C) Termination of authority.--The authority provided 
        under this paragraph terminates on October 1, 2023.''; and
        (2) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(g) Regional Appointment Pilot Program.--
        ``(1) Definition of applicable designee.--In this subsection, 
    the term `applicable designee' means the applicable regional 
    forester.
        ``(2) Pilot program.--The Secretary concerned shall carry out a 
    pilot program (referred to in this subsection as the `pilot 
    program') to allow an applicable designee to appoint members of 
    resource advisory committees.
        ``(3) Geographic limitation.--The pilot program shall only 
    apply to resource advisory committees chartered in--
            ``(A) the State of Montana; and
            ``(B) the State of Arizona.
        ``(4) Responsibilities of applicable designee.--
            ``(A) Review.--Before appointing a member of a resource 
        advisory committee under the pilot program, an applicable 
        designee shall conduct the review and analysis that would 
        otherwise be conducted for an appointment to a resource 
        advisory committee if the pilot program was not in effect, 
        including any review and analysis with respect to civil rights 
        and budgetary requirements.
            ``(B) Savings clause.--Nothing in this subsection relieves 
        an applicable designee from any requirement developed by the 
        Secretary concerned for making an appointment to a resource 
        advisory committee that is in effect on the date of enactment 
        of this subsection, including any requirement for advertising a 
        vacancy.
        ``(5) Termination of effectiveness.--The authority provided 
    under this subsection terminates on October 1, 2023.
        ``(6) Report to congress.--Not later than the date that is 180 
    days after the date described in paragraph (5), the Secretary 
    concerned shall submit to Congress a report that includes--
            ``(A) with respect to appointments made under the pilot 
        program compared to appointments to resource advisory 
        committees not made under the pilot program, a description of 
        the extent to which--
                ``(i) appointments were faster or slower; and
                ``(ii) the requirements described in paragraph (4) 
            differ; and
            ``(B) a recommendation with respect to whether Congress 
        should terminate, continue, modify, or expand the pilot 
        program.''.
SEC. 8703. TRIBAL FOREST MANAGEMENT DEMONSTRATION PROJECT.
    (a) In General.--The Secretary of the Interior and the Secretary 
may carry out demonstration projects by which federally recognized 
Indian Tribes or Tribal organizations may contract to perform 
administrative, management, and other functions of programs of the 
Tribal Forest Protection Act of 2004 (25 U.S.C. 3115a et seq.) through 
contracts entered into under the Indian Self-Determination and 
Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 5304 et seq.).
    (b) Requirements.--With respect to any contract or project carried 
out under subsection (a)--
        (1) on National Forest System land, the Secretary shall carry 
    out all functions delegated to the Secretary of the Interior under 
    the Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act (25 
    U.S.C. 5304 et seq.);
        (2) the Secretary or the Secretary of the Interior, as 
    applicable, shall make any decisions required to be made under--
            (A) the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (42 
        U.S.C. 4321 et seq.); and
            (B) the Tribal Forest Protection Act of 2004 (25 U.S.C. 
        3115a et seq.); and
        (3) the contract or project shall be entered into under, and in 
    accordance with, section 403(b)(2) of the Indian Self-Determination 
    and Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 5363(b)(2)).
SEC. 8704. TECHNICAL CORRECTIONS.
    (a) Wildfire Suppression Funding and Forest Management Activities 
Act.--
        (1) In general.--The Wildfire Suppression Funding and Forest 
    Management Activities Act (Public Law 115-141) is amended--
            (A) in section 102(a)(2), by striking ``the date of 
        enactment'' and inserting ``the date of the enactment''; and
            (B) in section 401(a)(1), by inserting ``of 2000'' after 
        ``Self-Determination Act''.
        (2) Effective date.--The amendments made by paragraph (1) shall 
    take effect as if enacted as part of the Wildfire Suppression 
    Funding and Forest Management Activities Act (Public Law 115-141).
    (b) Agricultural Act of 2014.--Section 8206(a) of the Agricultural 
Act of 2014 (16 U.S.C. 2113a(a)) (as amended by section 8624(b)) is 
amended--
        (1) in paragraph (4)(B)(i)(II), by striking ``Good Neighbor 
    Authority Improvement Act'' and inserting ``Wildfire Suppression 
    Funding and Forest Management Activities Act''; and
        (2) in paragraph (8), by striking ``Good Neighbor Authority 
    Improvement Act'' and inserting ``Wildfire Suppression Funding and 
    Forest Management Activities Act''.
SEC. 8705. STREAMLINING THE FOREST SERVICE PROCESS FOR CONSIDERATION OF 
COMMUNICATIONS FACILITY LOCATION APPLICATIONS.
    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
        (1) Communications facility.--The term ``communications 
    facility'' includes--
            (A) any infrastructure, including any transmitting device, 
        tower, or support structure, and any equipment, switches, 
        wiring, cabling, power sources, shelters, or cabinets, 
        associated with the licensed or permitted unlicensed wireless 
        or wireline transmission of writings, signs, signals, data, 
        images, pictures, and sounds of all kinds; and
            (B) any antenna or apparatus that--
                (i) is designed for the purpose of emitting radio 
            frequency;
                (ii) is designed to be operated, or is operating, from 
            a fixed location pursuant to authorization by the Federal 
            Communications Commission or is using duly authorized 
            devices that do not require individual licenses; and
                (iii) is added to a tower, building, or other 
            structure.
        (2) Communications site.--The term ``communications site'' 
    means an area of covered land designated for communications uses.
        (3) Communications use.--The term ``communications use'' means 
    the placement and operation of a communications facility.
        (4) Communications use authorization.--The term 
    ``communications use authorization'' means an easement, right-of-
    way, lease, license, or other authorization to locate or modify a 
    communications facility on covered land by the Forest Service for 
    the primary purpose of authorizing the occupancy and use of the 
    covered land for communications use.
        (5) Covered land.--The term ``covered land'' means National 
    Forest System land.
        (6) Forest service.--The term ``Forest Service'' means the 
    United States Forest Service of the Department of Agriculture.
        (7) Organizational unit.--The term ``organizational unit'' 
    means, within the Forest Service--
            (A) a regional office;
            (B) the headquarters;
            (C) a management unit; or
            (D) a ranger district office.
    (b) Regulations.--Notwithstanding section 6409 of the Middle Class 
Tax Relief and Job Creation Act of 2012 (47 U.S.C. 1455) or section 606 
of the Repack Airwaves Yielding Better Access for Users of Modern 
Services Act of 2018 (Public Law 115-141), not later than 1 year after 
the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall issue 
regulations--
        (1) to streamline the process for considering applications to 
    locate or modify communications facilities on covered land;
        (2) to ensure, to the maximum extent practicable, that the 
    process is uniform and standardized across the organizational units 
    of the Forest Service; and
        (3) to require that the applications described in paragraph (1) 
    be considered and granted on a competitively neutral, technology 
    neutral, and non-discriminatory basis.
    (c) Requirements.--The regulations issued under subsection (b) 
shall include the following:
        (1) Procedures for the tracking of applications described in 
    subsection (b)(1), including--
            (A) identifying the number of applications--
                (i) received;
                (ii) approved; and
                (iii) denied;
            (B) in the case of an application that is denied, 
        describing the reasons for the denial; and
            (C) describing the amount of time between the receipt of an 
        application and the issuance of a final decision on an 
        application.
        (2) Provision for minimum lease terms of not less than 15 years 
    for leases with respect to the location of communications 
    facilities on covered land.
        (3) A structure of fees for--
            (A) submitting an application described in subsection 
        (b)(1), based on the cost to the Forest Service of considering 
        such an application; and
            (B) issuing communications use authorizations, based on the 
        cost to the Forest Service of any maintenance or other 
        activities required to be performed by the Forest Service as a 
        result of the location or modification of the communications 
        facility.
        (4) Provision for prioritization or streamlining of the 
    consideration of applications to locate or modify communications 
    facilities on covered land in a previously disturbed right-of-way.
    (d) Additional Considerations.--In issuing regulations under 
subsection (b), the Secretary shall consider--
        (1) how discrete reviews in considering an application 
    described in subsection (b)(1) can be conducted simultaneously, 
    rather than sequentially, by any organizational units of the Forest 
    Service that must approve the location or modification; and
        (2) how to eliminate overlapping requirements among the 
    organizational units of the Forest Service with respect to the 
    location or modification of a communications facility on covered 
    land administered by those organizational units.
    (e) Communication of Streamlined Process to Organizational Units.--
The Secretary shall, with respect to the regulations issued under 
subsection (b)--
        (1) communicate the regulations to the organizational units of 
    the Forest Service; and
        (2) ensure that the organizational units of the Forest Service 
    follow the regulations.
    (f) Deposit and Availability of Fees.--
        (1) Special account.--The Secretary of the Treasury shall 
    establish a special account in the Treasury for the Forest Service 
    for the deposit of fees collected by the Forest Service under 
    subsection (c)(3) for communications use authorizations on covered 
    land granted, issued, or executed by the Forest Service.
        (2) Requirements for fees collected.--Fees collected by the 
    Forest Service under subsection (c)(3) shall be--
            (A) based on the costs described in subsection (c)(3); and
            (B) competitively neutral, technology neutral, and 
        nondiscriminatory with respect to other users of the 
        communications site.
        (3) Deposit of fees.--Fees collected by the Forest Service 
    under subsection (c)(3) shall be deposited in the special account 
    established for the Forest Service under paragraph (1).
        (4) Availability of fees.--Amounts deposited in the special 
    account for the Forest Service shall be available, to the extent 
    and in such amounts as are provided in advance in appropriation 
    Acts, to the Secretary to cover costs incurred by the Forest 
    Service described in subsection (c)(3), including the following:
            (A) Preparing needs assessments or other programmatic 
        analyses necessary to designate communications sites and issue 
        communications use authorizations.
            (B) Developing management plans for communications sites.
            (C) Training for management of communications sites.
            (D) Obtaining or improving access to communications sites.
        (5) No additional appropriations authorized.--Except as 
    provided in paragraph (4), no other amounts are authorized to be 
    appropriated to carry out this section.
    (g) Savings Provisions.--
        (1) Real property authorities.--Nothing in this section, or the 
    amendments made by this section, shall be construed as providing 
    any executive agency with any new leasing or other real property 
    authorities not existing prior to the date of enactment of this 
    Act.
        (2) Effect on other laws.--Nothing in this section, or the 
    amendments made by this section, and no actions taken pursuant to 
    this section, or the amendments made by this section, shall impact 
    a decision or determination by any executive agency to sell, 
    dispose of, declare excess or surplus, lease, reuse, or redevelop 
    any Federal real property pursuant to title 40, United States Code, 
    the Federal Assets Sale and Transfer Act of 2016 (40 U.S.C. 1303 
    note; Public Law 114-287), or any other law governing real property 
    activities of the Federal Government. No agreement entered into 
    pursuant to this section, or the amendments made by this section, 
    may obligate the Federal Government to hold, control, or otherwise 
    retain or use real property that may otherwise be deemed as excess, 
    surplus, or that could otherwise be sold, leased, or redeveloped.
SEC. 8706. REPORT ON WILDFIRE, INSECT INFESTATION, AND DISEASE 
PREVENTION ON FEDERAL LAND.
    Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act 
and every year thereafter, the Secretary and the Secretary of Interior 
shall submit to the Committee on Agriculture of the House of 
Representatives, the Committee on Natural Resources of the House of 
Representatives, the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry 
of the Senate, and the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the 
Senate a jointly written report on--
        (1) the number of acres of Federal land treated by the 
    Secretary or the Secretary of the Interior for wildfire, insect 
    infestation, or disease prevention;
        (2) the number of acres of Federal land categorized as a high 
    or extreme fire risk;
        (3) the total timber production from Federal land;
        (4) the number of acres and average fire intensity of wildfires 
    affecting Federal land treated for wildfire, insect infestation, or 
    disease prevention;
        (5) the number of acres and average fire intensity of wildfires 
    affecting Federal land not treated for wildfire, insect 
    infestation, or disease prevention;
        (6) the Federal response time for each fire on greater than 
    25,000 acres;
        (7) the number of miles of roads and trails on Federal land in 
    need of maintenance;
        (8) the number of miles of roads on Federal land in need of 
    decommissioning;
        (9) the maintenance backlog, as of the date of the report, for 
    roads, trails, and recreational facilities on Federal land;
        (10) other measures needed to maintain, improve, or restore 
    water quality on Federal land; and
        (11) other measures needed to improve ecosystem function or 
    resiliency on Federal land.
SEC. 8707. WEST FORK FIRE STATION.
    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
        (1) County.--The term ``County'' means Dolores County, 
    Colorado.
        (2) West fork fire station conveyance parcel.--The term ``West 
    Fork Fire Station Conveyance Parcel'' means the parcel of 
    approximately 3.61 acres of National Forest System land in the 
    County, as depicted on the map entitled ``Map for West Fork Fire 
    Station Conveyance Parcel'' and dated November 21, 2017.
    (b) Conveyance of West Fork Fire Station Conveyance Parcel, Dolores 
County, Colorado.--
        (1) In general.--On receipt of a request from the County and 
    subject to such terms and conditions as are mutually satisfactory 
    to the Secretary and the County, including such additional terms as 
    the Secretary determines to be necessary, the Secretary shall 
    convey to the County without consideration all right, title, and 
    interest of the United States in and to the West Fork Fire Station 
    Conveyance Parcel.
        (2) Costs.--Any costs relating to the conveyance under 
    paragraph (1), including processing and transaction costs, shall be 
    paid by the County.
        (3) Use of land.--The land conveyed to the County under 
    paragraph (1) shall be used by the County only for a fire station, 
    related infrastructure, and roads to facilitate access to and 
    through the West Fork Fire Station Conveyance Parcel.
        (4) Reversion.--If any portion of the land conveyed under 
    paragraph (1) is used in a manner that is inconsistent with the use 
    described in paragraph (3), the land shall, at the discretion of 
    the Secretary, revert to the United States.
SEC. 8708. COMPETITIVE FORESTRY, NATURAL RESOURCES, AND ENVIRONMENTAL 
GRANTS PROGRAM.
    Section 1232 of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act 
of 1990 (16 U.S.C. 582a-8) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (a) by inserting ``or forest restoration'' 
    after ``research''; and
        (2) by amending subsection (c) to read as follows:
    ``(c) Priorities.--
        ``(1) Research.--In awarding the initial grants under 
    subsection (a) the Secretary shall give priority to applicants who 
    will use such grants for research concerning--
            ``(A) the biology of forest organisms, including 
        physiology, genetic mechanisms, and biotechnology;
            ``(B) ecosystem function and management, including forest 
        ecosystem research, biodiversity, forest productivity, pest 
        management, water resources, and alternative silvicultural 
        systems;
            ``(C) wood as a raw material, including forest products and 
        harvesting;
            ``(D) human forest interactions, including outdoor 
        recreation, public policy formulation, economics, sociology, 
        and administrative behavior;
            ``(E) international trade, competition, and cooperation 
        related to forest products;
            ``(F) alternative native crops, products, and services that 
        can be produced from renewable natural resources associated 
        with privately held forest lands;
            ``(G) viable economic production and marketing systems for 
        alternative natural resource products and services;
            ``(H) economic and environmental benefits of various 
        conservation practices on forest lands;
            ``(I) genetic tree improvement; and
            ``(J) market expansion.
        ``(2) Forest restoration.--Grants may be used to support 
    programs that restore forest tree species native to American 
    forests that may have suffered severe levels of mortality caused by 
    non-native insects, plant pathogens, or others pests.
            ``(A) Required component of forest restoration strategy.--
        To receive a grant under this subsection, an eligible 
        institution shall demonstrate that it offers a program with a 
        forest restoration strategy that incorporates not less than one 
        of the following components:
                ``(i) Collection and conservation of native tree 
            genetic material.
                ``(ii) Production of propagules of native trees in 
            numbers large enough for landscape scale restoration.
                ``(iii) Site preparation of former of native tree 
            habitat.
                ``(iv) Planting of native tree seedlings.
                ``(v) Post-planting maintenance of native trees.
            ``(B) Award of grants.--The Secretary shall award 
        competitive grants under this subsection based on the degree to 
        which the applicant addresses the following criteria:
                ``(i) Risk posed to the forests of that State by non-
            native pests, as measured by such factors as the number of 
            such pests present in the State.
                ``(ii) The proportion of the State's forest composed of 
            species vulnerable to non-native pests present in the 
            United States.
                ``(iii) The pests' rate of spread via natural or human-
            assisted means.''.

                            TITLE IX--ENERGY

SEC. 9001. DEFINITIONS.
    Section 9001 of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 
(7 U.S.C. 8101) is amended--
        (1) in paragraph (4)(A), by striking ``agricultural materials'' 
    and inserting ``agricultural materials, renewable chemicals,'';
        (2) in paragraph (7)(A), by striking ``into biofuels and 
    biobased products; and'' and inserting the following: ``or an 
    intermediate ingredient or feedstock of renewable biomass into any 
    1 or more, or a combination, of--
                ``(i) biofuels;
                ``(ii) renewable chemicals; or
                ``(iii) biobased products; and''; and
        (3) in paragraph (16)--
            (A) in subparagraph (A)--
                (i) in the matter preceding clause (i), by striking 
            ``(B)'' and inserting ``(C)''; and
                (ii) by striking ``that--'' in the matter preceding 
            clause (i) and all that follows through the period at the 
            end of clause (ii) and inserting ``that produces usable 
            energy from a renewable energy source.'';
            (B) by redesignating subparagraph (B) as subparagraph (C); 
        and
            (C) by inserting after subparagraph (A) the following:
            ``(B) Inclusions.--The term `renewable energy system' 
        includes--
                ``(i) distribution components necessary to move energy 
            produced by a system described in subparagraph (A) to the 
            initial point of sale; and
                ``(ii) other components and ancillary infrastructure of 
            a system described in subparagraph (A), such as a storage 
            system.''.
SEC. 9002. BIOBASED MARKETS PROGRAM.
    Section 9002 of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 
(7 U.S.C. 8102) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (b)(2)(A), by adding at the end the 
    following:
                ``(iii) Renewable chemicals.--Not later than 180 days 
            after the date of enactment of this clause, the Secretary 
            shall update the criteria issued under clause (i) to 
            provide criteria for determining which renewable chemicals 
            may qualify to receive the label under paragraph (1).'';
        (2) by amending subsection (f) to read as follows:
    ``(f) Manufacturers of Renewable Chemicals and Biobased Products.--
        ``(1) NAICS codes.--The Secretary and the Secretary of Commerce 
    shall jointly develop North American Industry Classification System 
    codes for--
            ``(A) renewable chemicals manufacturers; and
            ``(B) biobased products manufacturers.
        ``(2) National testing center registry.--The Secretary shall 
    establish a national registry of testing centers for biobased 
    products that will serve biobased product manufacturers.'';
        (3) by redesignating subsections (h) through (j) as subsections 
    (j) through (l), respectively;
        (4) by inserting after subsection (g) the following:
    ``(h) Streamlining.--
        ``(1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
    enactment of this subsection, the Secretary shall establish 
    guidelines for an integrated process under which biobased products 
    may be, in 1 expedited approval process--
            ``(A) determined to be eligible for a Federal procurement 
        preference under subsection (a); and
            ``(B) approved to use the `USDA Certified Biobased Product' 
        label under subsection (b).
        ``(2) Initiation.--The Secretary shall ensure that a review of 
    a biobased product under the integrated qualification process 
    established pursuant to paragraph (1) may be initiated on receipt 
    of a recommendation or petition from a manufacturer, vendor, or 
    other interested party.
        ``(3) Product designations.--The Secretary may issue a product 
    designation pursuant to subsection (a)(3)(B), or approve the use of 
    the `USDA Certified Biobased Product' label under subsection (b), 
    through streamlined procedures, which shall not be subject to 
    chapter 7 of title 5, United States Code.
    ``(i) Requirement of Procuring Agencies.--A procuring agency (as 
defined in subsection (a)(1)) shall not establish regulations, 
guidance, or criteria regarding the procurement of biobased products, 
pursuant to this section or any other law, that impose limitations on 
that procurement that are more restrictive than the limitations 
established by the Secretary under the regulations to implement this 
section.'';
        (5) in subsection (k) (as so redesignated)--
            (A) in paragraph (1), by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
        ``2023''; and
            (B) in paragraph (2), by striking ``$2,000,000 for each of 
        fiscal years 2014 through 2018'' and inserting ``$3,000,000 for 
        each of fiscal years 2019 through 2023''; and
        (6) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(m) Rural Development Mission Area.--In carrying out this 
section, except as provided in subsection (g), the Secretary shall act 
through the rural development mission area.''.
SEC. 9003. BIOREFINERY ASSISTANCE.
    Section 9003 of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 
(7 U.S.C. 8103) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (b)(3)--
            (A) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``produces an advanced 
        biofuel; and'' and inserting the following: ``produces any 1 or 
        more, or a combination, of--
                        ``(i) an advanced biofuel;
                        ``(ii) a renewable chemical; or
                        ``(iii) a biobased product; and''; and
            (B) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``produces an advanced 
        biofuel.'' and inserting the following: ``produces any 1 or 
        more, or a combination, of--
                        ``(i) an advanced biofuel;
                        ``(ii) a renewable chemical; or
                        ``(iii) a biobased product.''; and
        (2) in subsection (g)--
            (A) in paragraph (1)(A)--
                (i) in clause (i), by striking ``and'' at the end;
                (ii) in clause (ii), by striking the period at the end 
            and inserting a semicolon; and
                (iii) by adding at the end the following:
                ``(iii) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2019; and
                ``(iv) $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2020.''; and
            (B) in paragraph (2), by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
        ``2023''.
SEC. 9004. REPOWERING ASSISTANCE PROGRAM.
    Section 9004 of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 
(7 U.S.C. 8104) is repealed.
SEC. 9005. BIOENERGY PROGRAM FOR ADVANCED BIOFUELS.
    Section 9005 of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 
(7 U.S.C. 8105) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (e)--
            (A) by striking ``The Secretary may'' and inserting the 
        following new paragraph:
        ``(1) Amount.--The Secretary shall''; and
            (B) by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
        ``(2) Feedstock.--The total amount of payments made in a fiscal 
    year under this section to one or more eligible producers for the 
    production of advanced biofuels derived from a single eligible 
    commodity, including intermediate ingredients of that single 
    commodity or use of that single commodity and its intermediate 
    ingredients in combination with another commodity, shall not exceed 
    one-third of the total amount of funds made available under 
    subsection (g).''; and
        (2) in subsection (g)--
            (A) in paragraph (1)--
                (i) in subparagraph (D), by striking ``and'' at the 
            end;
                (ii) in subparagraph (E), by striking the period at the 
            end and inserting ``; and''; and
                (iii) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(F) $7,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2019 through 
        2023.''; and
            (B) in paragraph (2), by striking ``2014 through 2018'' and 
        inserting ``2019 through 2023''.
SEC. 9006. BIODIESEL FUEL EDUCATION PROGRAM.
    Section 9006(d) of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 
2002 (7 U.S.C. 8106(d)) is amended to read as follows:
    ``(d) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $2,000,000 for each of fiscal 
years 2019 through 2023.''.
SEC. 9007. RURAL ENERGY FOR AMERICA PROGRAM.
    Section 9007 of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 
(7 U.S.C. 8107) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (c)--
            (A) by amending paragraph (1) to read as follows:
        ``(1) In general.--
            ``(A) Assistance.--In addition to any similar authority, 
        the Secretary shall provide--
                ``(i) loan guarantees and grants to agricultural 
            producers and rural small businesses--

                    ``(I) to purchase renewable energy systems, 
                including systems that may be used to produce and sell 
                electricity; and
                    ``(II) to make energy efficiency improvements; and

                ``(ii) loan guarantees to agricultural producers to 
            purchase and install energy efficient equipment or systems 
            for agricultural production or processing that exceed--

                    ``(I) energy efficiency building codes, if 
                applicable;
                    ``(II) Federal or State energy efficiency 
                standards, if applicable; and
                    ``(III) other energy efficiency standards 
                determined appropriate by the Secretary.

            ``(B) Limitations.--With respect to loan guarantees under 
        subparagraph (A)(ii)--
                ``(i) if no codes or standards described in such 
            subparagraph apply to the energy efficient equipment or 
            system to be purchased or installed pursuant to such 
            subparagraph, the Secretary shall require, to the maximum 
            extent practicable, such equipment or system to meet the 
            same efficiency measurements as the most efficient 
            available equipment or system in the market; and
                ``(ii) the Secretary shall not provide such a loan 
            guarantee for the purchase or installation of any energy 
            efficient equipment or system unless more than one type of 
            such equipment or system is available in the market.''; and
            (B) in paragraph (3), by adding at the end the following:
            ``(D) Loan guarantees for energy efficient equipment to 
        agricultural producers.--Using funds made available under 
        paragraphs (1) and (3) of subsection (f), in each fiscal year 
        the Secretary may use for loan guarantees under paragraph 
        (1)(A)(ii) an amount that does not exceed 15 percent of such 
        funds.'';
        (2) in subsection (e), by striking ``subsection (g)'' each 
    place it appears and inserting ``subsection (f)'';
        (3) by striking subsection (f) and redesignating subsection (g) 
    as subsection (f); and
        (4) in subsection (f)(3) (as so redesignated), by striking 
    ``2014 through 2018'' and inserting ``2019 through 2023''.
SEC. 9008. RURAL ENERGY SELF-SUFFICIENCY INITIATIVE.
    Section 9009 of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 
(7 U.S.C. 8109) is repealed.
SEC. 9009. FEEDSTOCK FLEXIBILITY.
    Section 9010(b) of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 
2002 (7 U.S.C. 8110(b)) is amended--
        (1) in paragraph (1)(A), by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
    ``2023''; and
        (2) in paragraph (2)(A), by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
    ``2023''.
SEC. 9010. BIOMASS CROP ASSISTANCE PROGRAM.
    Section 9011 of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 
(7 U.S.C. 8111) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (a)(6)--
            (A) in subparagraph (B)--
                (i) in clause (ii)(II), by striking ``and'' at the end;
                (ii) in clause (iii), by striking the period at the end 
            and inserting ``; and''; and
                (iii) by adding at the end the following:
                ``(iv) algae.''; and
            (B) in subparagraph (C)--
                (i) by striking clause (iv); and
                (ii) by redesignating clauses (v) through (vii) as 
            clauses (iv) through (vi), respectively; and
        (2) in subsection (f)--
            (A) by amending paragraph (1) to read as follows:
        ``(1) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized to 
    be appropriated to carry out this section $25,000,000 for each of 
    fiscal years 2019 through 2023.''; and
            (B) by amending paragraph (3) to read as follows:
        ``(3) Technical assistance.--Effective for fiscal year 2014 and 
    each subsequent fiscal year, funds made available under this 
    subsection shall be available for the provision of technical 
    assistance with respect to activities authorized under this 
    section.''.
SEC. 9011. CARBON UTILIZATION AND BIOGAS EDUCATION PROGRAM.
    Title IX of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 (7 
U.S.C. 8101 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:
``SEC. 9014. CARBON UTILIZATION AND BIOGAS EDUCATION PROGRAM.
    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
        ``(1) Carbon dioxide.--The term `carbon dioxide' means carbon 
    dioxide that is produced as a byproduct of the production of a 
    biobased product.
        ``(2) Eligible entity.--The term `eligible entity' means an 
    entity that--
            ``(A) is--
                ``(i) an organization described in section 501(c)(3) of 
            the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 and exempt from taxation 
            under section 501(a) of that Code; or
                ``(ii) an institution of higher education (as defined 
            in section 101(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
            U.S.C. 1001(a)));
            ``(B) has demonstrated knowledge about--
                ``(i) sequestration and utilization of carbon dioxide; 
            or
                ``(ii) aggregation of organic waste from multiple 
            sources into a single biogas system; and
            ``(C) has a demonstrated ability to conduct educational and 
        technical support programs.
    ``(b) Establishment.--The Secretary, in consultation with the 
Secretary of Energy, shall make competitive grants to eligible 
entities--
        ``(1) to provide education to the public about the economic and 
    emissions benefits of permanent sequestration or utilization of 
    carbon dioxide with a primary objective of providing benefits and 
    opportunities for rural businesses, rural communities, and 
    utilities serving rural communities; or
        ``(2) to provide education to agricultural producers and other 
    stakeholders about opportunities for aggregation of organic waste 
    from multiple sources into a single biogas system.
    ``(c) Funding.--There are authorized to be appropriated for each of 
fiscal years 2019 through 2023--
        ``(1) $1,000,000 to carry out subsection (b)(1); and
        ``(2) $1,000,000 to carry out subsection (b)(2).''.

                         TITLE X--HORTICULTURE

SEC. 10101. SPECIALTY CROPS MARKET NEWS ALLOCATION.
    Section 10107(b) of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008 
(7 U.S.C. 1622b(b)) is amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
``2023''.
SEC. 10102. LOCAL AGRICULTURE MARKET PROGRAM.
    (a) Purpose.--The purpose of this section is to combine the 
purposes and coordinate the functions, as in effect on the day before 
the date of enactment of this Act, of--
        (1) the Farmers' Market and Local Food Promotion Program 
    established under section 6 of the Farmer-to-Consumer Direct 
    Marketing Act of 1976 (7 U.S.C. 3005); and
        (2) the value-added agricultural product market development 
    grants under section 231(b) of the Agricultural Risk Protection Act 
    of 2000 (7 U.S.C. 1632a(b)).
    (b) Local Agriculture Market Program.--Subtitle A of the 
Agricultural Marketing Act of 1946 (7 U.S.C. 1621 et seq.) is amended 
by adding at the end the following:
``SEC. 210A. LOCAL AGRICULTURE MARKET PROGRAM.
    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
        ``(1) Beginning farmer or rancher.--The term `beginning farmer 
    or rancher' has the meaning given the term in section 343(a) of the 
    Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act (7 U.S.C. 1991(a)).
        ``(2) Direct producer-to-consumer marketing.--The term `direct 
    producer-to-consumer marketing' has the meaning given the term 
    `direct marketing from farmers to consumers' in section 3 of the 
    Farmer-to-Consumer Direct Marketing Act of 1976 (7 U.S.C. 3002).
        ``(3) Family farm.--The term `family farm' has the meaning 
    given the term in section 231(a) of the Agricultural Risk 
    Protection Act of 2000 (7 U.S.C. 1632a(a)).
        ``(4) Food council.--The term `food council' means a food 
    policy council or food and farm system network, as determined by 
    the Secretary, that--
            ``(A) represents--
                ``(i) multiple organizations involved in the 
            production, processing, and consumption of food; and
                ``(ii) local, Tribal, or State governments; and
            ``(B) addresses food and farm-related issues and needs 
        within city, county, State, Tribal region, multicounty region, 
        or other region designated by the food council or food system 
        network.
        ``(5) Majority-controlled producer-based business venture.--
            ``(A) In general.--The term `majority-controlled producer-
        based business venture' means a venture greater than 50 percent 
        of the ownership and control of which is held by--
                ``(i) 1 or more producers; or
                ``(ii) 1 or more entities, 100 percent of the ownership 
            and control of which is held by 1 or more producers.
            ``(B) Entity described.--For purposes of subparagraph (A), 
        the term `entity' means--
                ``(i) a partnership;
                ``(ii) a limited liability corporation;
                ``(iii) a limited liability partnership; and
                ``(iv) a corporation.
        ``(6) Mid-tier value chain.--The term `mid-tier value chain' 
    means a local or regional supply network that links independent 
    producers with businesses and cooperatives that market value-added 
    agricultural products in a manner that--
            ``(A) targets and strengthens the profitability and 
        competitiveness of small and medium-sized farms and ranches 
        that are structured as a family farm; and
            ``(B) obtains agreement from an eligible agricultural 
        producer group, farmer or rancher cooperative, or majority-
        controlled producer-based business venture that is engaged in 
        the value chain on a marketing strategy.
        ``(7) Partnership.--The term `partnership' means a partnership 
    entered into under an agreement between--
            ``(A) 1 or more eligible partners (as defined in subsection 
        (e)(1)); and
            ``(B) 1 or more eligible entities (as defined in subsection 
        (e)(1)).
        ``(8) Program.--The term `Program' means the Local Agriculture 
    Market Program established under subsection (b).
        ``(9) Regional food chain coordination.--The term `regional 
    food chain coordination' means coordination and collaboration along 
    the supply chain to increase connections between producers and 
    markets.
        ``(10) Secretary.--The term `Secretary' means the Secretary of 
    Agriculture.
        ``(11) Socially disadvantaged farmer or rancher.--The term 
    `socially disadvantaged farmer or rancher' has the meaning given 
    the term in section 355(e) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural 
    Development Act (7 U.S.C. 2003(e)).
        ``(12) Value-added agricultural product.--The term `value-added 
    agricultural product' means any agricultural commodity or product 
    that--
            ``(A)(i) has undergone a change in physical state;
            ``(ii) was produced in a manner that enhances the value of 
        the agricultural commodity or product, as demonstrated through 
        a business plan that shows the enhanced value, as determined by 
        the Secretary;
            ``(iii) is physically segregated in a manner that results 
        in the enhancement of the value of the agricultural commodity 
        or product;
            ``(iv) is a source of farm- or ranch-based renewable 
        energy, including E-85 fuel; or
            ``(v) is aggregated and marketed as a locally produced 
        agricultural food product; and
            ``(B) as a result of the change in physical state or the 
        manner in which the agricultural commodity or product was 
        produced, marketed, or segregated--
                ``(i) the customer base for the agricultural commodity 
            or product is expanded; and
                ``(ii) a greater portion of the revenue derived from 
            the marketing, processing, or physical segregation of the 
            agricultural commodity or product is available to the 
            producer of the commodity or product.
        ``(13) Veteran farmer or rancher.--The term `veteran farmer or 
    rancher' has the meaning given the term in section 2501(a) of the 
    Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 
    2279(a)).
    ``(b) Establishment and Purpose.--The Secretary shall establish a 
program, to be known as the `Local Agriculture Market Program', that--
        ``(1) supports the development, coordination, and expansion 
    of--
            ``(A) direct producer-to-consumer marketing;
            ``(B) local and regional food markets and enterprises; and
            ``(C) value-added agricultural products;
        ``(2) connects and cultivates regional food economies through 
    public-private partnerships;
        ``(3) supports the development of business plans, feasibility 
    studies, and strategies for value-added agricultural production and 
    local and regional food system infrastructure;
        ``(4) strengthens capacity and regional food system development 
    through community collaboration and expansion of mid-tier value 
    chains;
        ``(5) improves income and economic opportunities for producers 
    and food businesses through job creation; and
        ``(6) simplifies the application processes and the reporting 
    processes for the Program.
    ``(c) Administration.--In administering the Program, the Secretary 
shall--
        ``(1) streamline the Program to better support the activities 
    carried out by the recipient of a grant under the Program;
        ``(2) connect producers with local food markets and value-added 
    agricultural product opportunities;
        ``(3) partner with cooperative extension services, as 
    appropriate, to provide Program technical assistance and outreach 
    to Program stakeholders; and
        ``(4) ensure that the Rural Business-Cooperative Service and 
    Agricultural Marketing Service provide Program technical assistance 
    and outreach to Program stakeholders.
    ``(d) Grants.--
        ``(1) In general.--Under the Program, the Secretary may, using 
    funds made available under subsection (i), provide grants for each 
    of fiscal years 2019 through 2023, in accordance with the purposes 
    of the Program described in subsection (b), for the conduct of 
    activities described in paragraph (2).
        ``(2) Eligible activities.--The recipient of a grant may use a 
    grant provided under paragraph (1)--
            ``(A) to support and promote--
                ``(i) domestic direct producer-to-consumer marketing;
                ``(ii) farmers' markets;
                ``(iii) roadside stands;
                ``(iv) agritourism activities,
                ``(v) community-supported agriculture programs; or
                ``(vi) online sales;
            ``(B) to support local and regional food business 
        enterprises that engage as intermediaries in indirect producer-
        to-consumer marketing;
            ``(C) to support the processing, aggregation, distribution, 
        and storage of--
                ``(i) local and regional food products that are 
            marketed locally or regionally; and
                ``(ii) value-added agricultural products;
            ``(D) to encourage the development of value-added 
        agricultural products;
            ``(E) to assist with business development plans and 
        feasibility studies;
            ``(F) to develop marketing strategies for producers of 
        local food products and value-added agricultural products in 
        new and existing markets;
            ``(G) to facilitate regional food chain coordination and 
        mid-tier value chain development;
            ``(H) to promote new business opportunities and marketing 
        strategies to reduce on-farm food waste;
            ``(I) to respond to changing technology needs in direct 
        producer-to-consumer marketing; or
            ``(J) to cover expenses relating to costs incurred in--
                ``(i) obtaining food safety certification; and
                ``(ii) making changes and upgrades to practices and 
            equipment to improve food safety.
        ``(3) Criteria and guidelines.--
            ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall establish criteria 
        and guidelines for the submission, evaluation, and funding of 
        proposed projects under paragraph (1) as the Secretary 
        determines are appropriate.
            ``(B) Producer or food business benefits.--
                ``(i) In general.--Except as provided in clause (ii), 
            an application submitted for a grant under paragraph (1) 
            shall include a description of the direct or indirect 
            producer or food business benefits intended by the 
            applicant to result from the proposed project within a 
            reasonable period of time after the receipt of the grant.
                ``(ii) Exception.--Clause (i) shall not apply to a 
            planning or feasibility project.
        ``(4) Amount.--Unless otherwise determined by the Secretary, 
    the amount of a grant under this subsection shall be not more than 
    $500,000.
        ``(5) Value-added producer grants.--In the case of a grant 
    provided under paragraph (1) to an eligible entity described in 
    subparagraph (B), the following shall apply:
            ``(A) Administration.--The Secretary shall carry out this 
        subsection through the Administrator of the Rural Business-
        Cooperative Service, in coordination with the Administrator of 
        the Agricultural Marketing Service.
            ``(B) Eligible entities.--An entity shall be eligible for a 
        grant under this paragraph if the entity is--
                ``(i) an independent producer (as determined by the 
            Secretary) of a value-added agricultural product; or
                ``(ii) an agricultural producer group, farmer or 
            rancher cooperative, or majority-controlled producer-based 
            business venture (as determined by the Secretary).
            ``(C) Priorities.--The Secretary shall give priority to 
        applications--
                ``(i) in the case of an application submitted by a 
            producer, that are submitted by, or serve--

                    ``(I) beginning farmers or ranchers;
                    ``(II) socially disadvantaged farmers or ranchers;
                    ``(III) operators of small or medium sized farms or 
                ranches that are structured as family farms; or
                    ``(IV) veteran farmers or ranchers; and

                ``(ii) in the case of an application submitted by an 
            eligible entity described in subparagraph (B)(ii), that 
            provide the greatest contribution to creating or increasing 
            marketing opportunities for producers described in 
            subclauses (I) through (IV) of clause (i).
            ``(D) Limitation on use of funds.--
                ``(i) In general.--Except as provided in clause (ii), 
            an eligible entity described in subparagraph (B) may not 
            use a grant for the purchase or construction of a building, 
            general purpose equipment, or structure.
                ``(ii) Exception.--An eligible entity described in 
            subparagraph (B) may use not more than $6,500 of the amount 
            of a grant for an eligible activity described in paragraph 
            (2)(J) to purchase or upgrade equipment to improve food 
            safety.
            ``(E) Matching funds.--An eligible entity described in 
        subparagraph (B) receiving a grant shall contribute an amount 
        of non-Federal funds that is at least equal to the amount of 
        Federal funds received.
        ``(6) Farmers' markets and local food promotion program.--In 
    the case of a grant provided under paragraph (1) to an eligible 
    entity described in subparagraph (B), the following shall apply:
            ``(A) Administration.--The Secretary shall carry out this 
        subsection through the Administrator of the Agricultural 
        Marketing Service, in coordination with the Administrator of 
        the Rural Business-Cooperative Service.
            ``(B) Eligible entities.--An entity shall be eligible to 
        receive a grant under this paragraph if the entity is--
                ``(i) an agricultural cooperative or other agricultural 
            business entity or a producer network or association, 
            including a community-supported agriculture network or 
            association;
                ``(ii) a local or Tribal government;
                ``(iii) a nonprofit corporation;
                ``(iv) a public benefit corporation;
                ``(v) an economic development corporation;
                ``(vi) a regional farmers' market authority;
                ``(vii) a food council; or
                ``(viii) such other entity as the Secretary may 
            designate.
            ``(C) Priorities.--The Secretary shall give priority to 
        applications that--
                ``(i) benefit underserved communities, including 
            communities that are located in areas of concentrated 
            poverty with limited access to fresh locally or regionally 
            grown food; or
                ``(ii) are used to carry out eligible activities under 
            a partnership agreement under subsection (e) and have not 
            received benefits from the Program in the recent past.
            ``(D) Limitation on use of funds.--
                ``(i) In general.--Except as provided in clause (ii), 
            an eligible entity described in subparagraph (B) may not 
            use a grant for the purchase or construction of a building, 
            general purpose equipment, or structure.
                ``(ii) Exception.--An eligible entity described in 
            subparagraph (B) may use not more than $6,500 of the amount 
            of a grant for an eligible activity described in paragraph 
            (2)(J) to purchase or upgrade equipment to improve food 
            safety.
            ``(E) Matching funds.--An eligible entity described in 
        subparagraph (B) receiving a grant shall provide matching funds 
        in the form of cash or an in-kind contribution in an amount 
        that is equal to 25 percent of the total amount of the Federal 
        portion of the grant.
    ``(e) Partnerships.--
        ``(1) Definitions.--In this subsection:
            ``(A) Eligible entity.--The term `eligible entity' means--
                ``(i) a producer;
                ``(ii) a producer network or association;
                ``(iii) a farmer or rancher cooperative;
                ``(iv) a majority-controlled producer-based business 
            venture;
                ``(v) a food council;
                ``(vi) a local or Tribal government;
                ``(vii) a nonprofit corporation;
                ``(viii) an economic development corporation;
                ``(ix) a public benefit corporation;
                ``(x) a community-supported agriculture network or 
            association; and
                ``(xi) a regional farmers' market authority.
            ``(B) Eligible partner.--The term `eligible partner' 
        means--
                ``(i) a State agency or regional authority;
                ``(ii) a philanthropic organization;
                ``(iii) a private corporation;
                ``(iv) an institution of higher education;
                ``(v) a commercial, Federal, or Farm Credit System 
            lending institution; and
                ``(vi) another entity, as determined by the Secretary.
        ``(2) Grants to support partnerships.--
            ``(A) In general.--The Secretary, acting through the 
        Administrator of the Agricultural Marketing Service, in 
        accordance with the purposes of the Program described in 
        subsection (b), shall, using funds made available under 
        subsection (i), provide grants for each of fiscal years 2019 
        through 2023 to support partnerships to plan and develop a 
        local or regional food system.
            ``(B) Geographical diversity.--To the maximum extent 
        practicable, the Secretary shall ensure geographical diversity 
        in selecting partnerships to receive grants under subparagraph 
        (A).
        ``(3) Authorities of partnerships.--A partnership receiving a 
    grant under paragraph (2) may--
            ``(A) determine the scope of the regional food system to be 
        developed, including goals, outreach objectives, and eligible 
        activities to be carried out;
            ``(B) determine the local, regional, State, multi-State, or 
        other geographic area covered;
            ``(C) create and conduct a feasibility study, 
        implementation plan, and assessment of eligible activities 
        under the partnership agreement;
            ``(D) conduct outreach and education to other eligible 
        entities and eligible partners for potential participation in 
        the partnership agreement and eligible activities;
            ``(E) describe measures to be taken through the partnership 
        agreement to obtain funding for the eligible activities to be 
        carried out under the partnership agreement;
            ``(F) at the request of a producer or eligible entity 
        desiring to participate in eligible activities under the 
        partnership agreement, act on behalf of the producer or 
        eligible entity in applying for a grant under subsection (d);
            ``(G) monitor, evaluate, and periodically report to the 
        Secretary on progress made toward achieving the objectives of 
        eligible activities under the partnership agreement; or
            ``(H) at the conclusion of the partnership agreement, 
        submit to the Secretary a report describing--
                ``(i) the results and effects of the partnership 
            agreement; and
                ``(ii) funds provided under paragraph (4).
        ``(4) Contribution.--A partnership receiving a grant under 
    paragraph (2) shall provide funding in an amount equal to not less 
    than 25 percent of the total amount of the Federal portion of the 
    grant.
        ``(5) Applications.--
            ``(A) In general.--To be eligible to receive a grant under 
        paragraph (2), a partnership shall submit to the Secretary an 
        application at such time, in such manner, and containing such 
        information as the Secretary considers necessary to evaluate 
        and select applications.
            ``(B) Competitive process.--The Secretary--
                ``(i) shall conduct a competitive process to select 
            applications submitted under subparagraph (A);
                ``(ii) may assess and rank applications with similar 
            purposes as a group; and
                ``(iii) shall make public the criteria to be used in 
            evaluating applications prior to accepting applications.
            ``(C) Priority to certain applications.--The Secretary may 
        give priority to applications submitted under subparagraph (A) 
        that--
                ``(i)(I) leverage significant non-Federal financial and 
            technical resources; and
                ``(II) coordinate with other local, State, Tribal, or 
            national efforts;
                ``(ii) cover an area that includes distressed low-
            income rural or urban communities, including areas with 
            persistent poverty; or
                ``(iii) have multiple entities and partners in a 
            partnership.
            ``(D) Producer or food business benefits.--
                ``(i) In general.--Except as provided in clause (ii), 
            an application submitted under subparagraph (A) shall 
            include a description of the direct or indirect producer or 
            food business benefits intended by the eligible entity to 
            result from the proposed project within a reasonable period 
            of time after the receipt of a grant.
                ``(ii) Exception.--Clause (i) shall not apply to a 
            planning or feasibility project.
        ``(6) Technical assistance.--On request of an eligible entity, 
    an eligible partner, or a partnership, the Secretary may provide 
    technical assistance in carrying out a partnership agreement.
    ``(f) Simplification of Application and Reporting Processes.--
        ``(1) Applications.--The Secretary shall establish a simplified 
    application form for eligible entities that--
            ``(A) request less than $50,000 under subsection (d); or
            ``(B) apply for grants under subsection (d) under a single 
        application through partnership agreements under subsection 
        (e).
        ``(2) Reporting.--The Secretary shall--
            ``(A) streamline and simplify the reporting process for 
        eligible entities; and
            ``(B) obtain from eligible entities and maintain such 
        information as the Secretary determines is necessary to 
        administer and evaluate the Program.
    ``(g) Interdepartmental Coordination.--In carrying out the Program, 
to the maximum extent practicable, the Secretary shall ensure 
coordination among Federal agencies.
    ``(h) Evaluation.--
        ``(1) In general.--Using amounts made available under 
    subsection (i)(3)(E), the Secretary shall conduct an evaluation of 
    the Program that--
            ``(A) measures the economic impact of the Program on new 
        and existing market outcomes;
            ``(B) measures the effectiveness of the Program in 
        improving and expanding--
                ``(i) the regional food economy through public and 
            private partnerships;
                ``(ii) the production of value-added agricultural 
            products;
                ``(iii) producer-to-consumer marketing, including 
            direct producer-to-consumer marketing;
                ``(iv) local and regional food systems, including 
            regional food chain coordination and business development;
                ``(v) new business opportunities and marketing 
            strategies to reduce on-farm food waste;
                ``(vi) the use of new technologies in producer-to-
            consumer marketing, including direct producer-to-consumer 
            marketing; and
                ``(vii) the workforce and capacity of regional food 
            systems; and
            ``(C) provides a description of--
                ``(i) each partnership agreement; and
                ``(ii) each grant provided under subsection (d).
        ``(2) Report.--Not later than 4 years after the date of 
    enactment of this section, the Secretary shall submit to the 
    Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the 
    Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a 
    report describing the evaluation conducted under paragraph (1), 
    including a thorough analysis of the outcomes of the evaluation.
    ``(i) Funding.--
        ``(1) Mandatory funding.--Of the funds of the Commodity Credit 
    Corporation, the Secretary shall use to carry out this section 
    $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2019 and each fiscal year thereafter, 
    to remain available until expended.
        ``(2) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized to 
    be appropriated to carry out this section $20,000,000 for fiscal 
    year 2019 and each fiscal year thereafter, to remain available 
    until expended.
        ``(3) Allocation of funds.--
            ``(A) Value-added producer grants.--
                ``(i) In general.--Subject to clause (ii), of the funds 
            made available to carry out this section for a fiscal year, 
            35 percent shall be used for grants under subsection 
            (d)(5).
                ``(ii) Reservation of funds.--

                    ``(I) Majority-controlled producer-based business 
                ventures.--The total amount of grants under subsection 
                (d)(5) provided to majority-controlled producer-based 
                business ventures for a fiscal year shall not exceed 10 
                percent of the amount allocated under clause (i).
                    ``(II) Beginning, veteran, and socially 
                disadvantaged farmers and ranchers.--Of the funds made 
                available for grants under subsection (d)(5), 10 
                percent shall be reserved for grants provided to 
                beginning, veteran, and socially disadvantaged farmers 
                or ranchers.
                    ``(III) Mid-tier value chains.--Of the funds made 
                available for grants under subsection (d)(5), 10 
                percent shall be reserved for grants to develop mid-
                tier value chains.
                    ``(IV) Food safety assistance.--Of the funds made 
                available for grants under subsection (d)(5), not more 
                than 25 percent shall be reserved for grants for 
                eligible activities described in subsection (d)(2)(J).

            ``(B) Farmers' market and local food promotion grants.--Of 
        the funds made available to carry out this section for a fiscal 
        year, 47 percent shall be used for grants under subsection 
        (d)(6).
            ``(C) Regional partnerships.--Of the funds made available 
        to carry out this section for a fiscal year, 10 percent shall 
        be used to provide grants to support partnerships under 
        subsection (e).
            ``(D) Unobligated funds.--Any funds under subparagraph (A), 
        (B), or (C) that are not obligated for the uses described in 
        that subparagraph, as applicable, by September 30 of the fiscal 
        year for which the funds were made available--
                ``(i) shall be available to the agency carrying out the 
            Program with the unobligated funds to carry out any 
            function of the Program, as determined by the Secretary; 
            and
                ``(ii) may carry over to the next fiscal year.
            ``(E) Administrative expenses.--Not greater than 8 percent 
        of amounts made available to provide grants under subsections 
        (d) and (e) for a fiscal year may be used for administrative 
        expenses.''.
    (c) Conforming Amendments.--
        (1) Agricultural marketing resource center pilot project.--
    Section 231 of the Agricultural Risk Protection Act of 2000 (7 
    U.S.C. 1632a) is amended--
            (A) by striking the section heading and inserting 
        ``agricultural marketing resource center pilot project.'';
            (B) by striking subsections (a), (b), (d), and (e);
            (C) in subsection (c)--
                (i) by redesignating paragraphs (1) and (2) as 
            subsections (a) and (b), respectively, and indenting 
            appropriately; and
                (ii) by striking the subsection designation and 
            heading;
            (D) in subsection (a) (as so redesignated)--
                (i) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by 
            striking ``Notwithstanding'' and all that follows through 
            ``paragraph (2)'' and inserting the following: ``The 
            Secretary shall not use more than 2.5 percent of the funds 
            made available to carry out the Local Agriculture Market 
            Program established under section 210A of the Agricultural 
            Marketing Act of 1946 to establish a pilot project (to be 
            known as the `Agricultural Marketing Resource Center') at 
            an eligible institution described in subsection (b)''; and
                (ii) by redesignating subparagraphs (A) and (B) as 
            paragraphs (1) and (2), respectively, and indenting 
            appropriately; and
            (E) in subsection (b) (as so redesignated)--
                (i) by redesignating subparagraphs (A) through (C) as 
            paragraphs (1) through (3), respectively, and indenting 
            appropriately; and
                (ii) in paragraph (1) (as so redesignated), by striking 
            ``paragraph (1)(A)'' and inserting ``subsection (a)(1)''.
        (2) Agriculture innovation center demonstration program.--
    Section 6402(f) of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 
    2002 (7 U.S.C. 1632b(f)) is amended in the matter preceding 
    paragraph (1) by striking ``section 231(d) of the Agricultural Risk 
    Protection Act of 2000 (7 U.S.C. 1621 note; Public Law 106-224))'' 
    and inserting ``section 210A(d)(2) of the Agricultural Marketing 
    Act of 1946''.
        (3) Local food production and program evaluation.--Section 
    10016(b)(3)(B) of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 
    2204h(b)(2)(B)) is amended by striking ``Farmers' Market and Local 
    Food Promotion Program established under section 6 of the Farmer-
    to-Consumer Direct Marketing Act of 1976 (7 U.S.C. 3005)'' and 
    inserting ``Local Agriculture Market Program established under 
    section 210A of the Agricultural Marketing Act of 1946''.
        (4) Program metrics.--Section 6209(a) of the Agricultural Act 
    of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 2207b(a)) is amended by striking paragraph (1) 
    and inserting the following:
        ``(1) section 210A of the Agricultural Marketing Act of 
    1946;''.
        (5) Farmer-to-consumer direct marketing act of 1976.--
            (A) Section 4 of the Farmer-to-Consumer Direct Marketing 
        Act of 1976 (7 U.S.C. 3003) is amended--
                (i) by striking ``The Secretary'' and inserting the 
            following:
    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary''; and
                (ii) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(b) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated such sums as are necessary to carry out this section.''.
            (B) Sections 6, 7, and 8 of the Farmer-to-Consumer Direct 
        Marketing Act of 1976 (7 U.S.C. 3005, 3006; 90 Stat. 1983) are 
        repealed.
SEC. 10103. ORGANIC PRODUCTION AND MARKET DATA INITIATIVES.
    Section 7407(d) of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 
2002 (7 U.S.C. 5925c(d)) is amended--
        (1) in paragraph (1)--
            (A) in the paragraph heading, by striking ``through fiscal 
        year 2012''; and
            (B) by striking ``$5,000,000, to remain available until 
        expended.'' and inserting the following: ``, to remain 
        available until expended--
            ``(A) $5,000,000 for each of the periods of fiscal years 
        2008 through 2012 and 2014 through 2018; and
            ``(B) $5,000,000 for the period of fiscal years 2019 
        through 2023.'';
        (2) by striking paragraph (2);
        (3) by redesignating paragraph (3) as paragraph (2); and
        (4) in paragraph (2) (as so redesignated)--
            (A) by striking ``paragraphs (1) and (2)'' and inserting 
        ``paragraph (1)''; and
            (B) by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.
SEC. 10104. ORGANIC CERTIFICATION.
    (a) Exclusions From Certification.--Not later than 1 year after the 
date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall issue regulations to 
limit the type of organic operations that are excluded from 
certification under section 205.101 of title 7, Code of Federal 
Regulations, and from certification under any other related sections 
under part 205 of title 7, Code of Federal Regulations.
    (b) Definitions.--Section 2103 of the Organic Foods Production Act 
of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 6502) is amended--
        (1) in paragraph (3)--
            (A) by striking ``The term'' and inserting the following:
            ``(A) In general.--The term''; and
            (B) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(B) Foreign operations.--When used in the context of a 
        certifying agent operating in a foreign country, the term 
        `certifying agent' includes any person (including a private 
        entity)--
                ``(i) accredited in accordance with section 2115(d); or
                ``(ii) accredited by a foreign government that acted 
            under an equivalency agreement negotiated between the 
            United States and the foreign government from which the 
            agricultural product is imported.'';
        (2) by redesignating paragraphs (13) through (21) as paragraphs 
    (14) through (22), respectively; and
        (3) by inserting after paragraph (12) the following:
        ``(13) National organic program import certificate.--The term 
    `national organic program import certificate' means a form 
    developed for purposes of the program under this title--
            ``(A) to provide documentation sufficient to verify that an 
        agricultural product imported for sale in the United States 
        satisfies the requirement under section 2115(c);
            ``(B) which shall include, at a minimum, information 
        sufficient to indicate, with respect to the agricultural 
        product--
                ``(i) the origin;
                ``(ii) the destination;
                ``(iii) the certifying agent issuing the national 
            organic program import certificate;
                ``(iv) the harmonized tariff code, if a harmonized 
            tariff code exists for the agricultural product;
                ``(v) the total weight; and
                ``(vi) the organic standard to which the agricultural 
            product is certified; and
            ``(C) that is not more than otherwise required under an 
        equivalency agreement negotiated between the United States and 
        the foreign government.''.
    (c) Accreditation Program.--Section 2115 of the Organic Foods 
Production Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 6514) is amended by striking 
subsection (c) and inserting the following:
    ``(c) Additional Documentation and Verification.--The Secretary, 
acting through the Deputy Administrator of the national organic program 
established under this title, has the authority, and shall grant a 
certifying agent the authority, to require producers and handlers to 
provide additional documentation or verification before granting a 
certification under section 2104, in the case of a compliance risk with 
respect to meeting the national standards for organic production 
established under section 2105, as determined by the Secretary or the 
certifying agent.
    ``(d) Accreditation of Foreign Organic Certification Program.--
        ``(1) In general.--For an agricultural product being imported 
    into the United States to be represented as organically produced, 
    the Secretary shall require the agricultural product to be 
    accompanied by a complete and valid national organic import 
    certificate, which shall be available as an electronic record.
        ``(2) Tracking system.--
            ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall establish a system 
        to track national organic import certificates.
            ``(B) Integration.--In establishing the system under 
        subparagraph (A), the Secretary may integrate the system into 
        any existing information tracking systems for imports of 
        agricultural products.
    ``(e) Duration of Accreditation.--An accreditation made under this 
section--
        ``(1) subject to paragraph (2), shall be for a period of not 
    more than 5 years, as determined appropriate by the Secretary;
        ``(2) in the case of a certifying agent operating in a foreign 
    country, shall be for a period of time that is consistent with the 
    certification of a domestic certifying agent, as determined 
    appropriate by the Secretary; and
        ``(3) may be renewed.''.
    (d) Requirements of Certifying Agents.--Section 2116 of the Organic 
Foods Production Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 6515) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (i)--
            (A) in paragraph (1), by inserting ``or an entity acting as 
        an agent of the certifying agent'' after ``a certifying 
        agent'';
            (B) by redesignating paragraph (2) as paragraph (3); and
            (C) by inserting after paragraph (1) the following:
        ``(2) Oversight of certifying offices and foreign operations.--
            ``(A) In general.--If the Secretary determines that an 
        office of a certifying agent or entity described in paragraph 
        (1) is not complying with the provisions of this title, the 
        Secretary may suspend the operations of the certifying agent or 
        the noncompliant office, including--
                ``(i) an office operating in a foreign country; and
                ``(ii) an office operating in the United States, 
            including an office acting on behalf of a foreign-domiciled 
            entity.
            ``(B) Process for resuming operations following 
        suspension.--The Secretary shall provide for a process that is 
        otherwise consistent with this section that authorizes a 
        suspended office to resume operations.''; and
        (2) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(j) Notice.--Not later than 90 days after the date on which a new 
certifying office performing certification activities opens, an 
accredited certifying agent shall notify the Secretary of the 
opening.''.
    (e) Certain Employees Eligible to Serve as National Organic 
Standards Board Members.--Section 2119(b) of the Organic Foods 
Production Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 6518(b)) is amended--
        (1) in paragraph (1), by inserting ``, or employees of such 
    individuals'' after ``operation'';
        (2) in paragraph (2), by inserting ``, or employees of such 
    individuals'' after ``operation''; and
        (3) in paragraph (3), by inserting ``, or an employee of such 
    individual'' after ``products''.
    (f) National Organic Standards Board.--Section 2119(i) of the 
Organic Foods Production Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 6518(i)) is amended--
        (1) by striking ``Two-thirds'' and inserting the following:
        ``(1) In general.--\2/3\''; and
        (2) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(2) National list.--Any vote on a motion proposing to amend 
    the national list shall be considered to be a decisive vote that 
    requires \2/3\ of the votes cast at a meeting of the Board at which 
    a quorum is present to prevail.''.
    (g) Investigations.--Section 2120(b) of the Organic Foods 
Production Act (7 U.S.C. 6519(b)) is amended by adding at the end the 
following:
        ``(3) Information sharing during active investigation.--In 
    carrying out this title, all parties to an active investigation 
    (including certifying agents, State organic certification programs, 
    and the national organic program) shall share confidential business 
    information with Federal Government officers and employees involved 
    in the investigation as necessary to fully investigate and enforce 
    potential violations of this title.''.
    (h) Data Organization and Access.--Section 2122 of the Organic 
Foods Production Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 6521) is amended by adding at 
the end the following:
    ``(c) Access to Data Documentation Systems.--The Secretary shall 
have access to available data from cross-border documentation systems 
administered by other Federal agencies, including the Automated 
Commercial Environment system of U.S. Customs and Border Protection.
    ``(d) Reports.--
        ``(1) In general.--Not later than March 1, 2020, and annually 
    thereafter through March 1, 2023, the Secretary shall submit to 
    Congress, and make publicly available on the website of the 
    Department of Agriculture, a report describing national organic 
    program activities with respect to all domestic and overseas 
    investigations and compliance actions taken pursuant to this title 
    during the preceding year.
        ``(2) Requirements.--The data described in paragraph (1) shall 
    be broken down by agricultural product, quantity, value, and month.
        ``(3) Exception.--Any data determined by the Secretary to be 
    confidential business information shall not be provided in the 
    report under paragraph (1).''.
    (i) Organic Agricultural Product Imports Interagency Working 
Group.--The Organic Foods Production Act of 1990 is amended by 
inserting after section 2122 (7 U.S.C. 6521) the following:
``SEC. 2122A. ORGANIC AGRICULTURAL PRODUCT IMPORTS INTERAGENCY WORKING 
GROUP.
    ``(a) Establishment.--
        ``(1) In general.--The Secretary and the Secretary of Homeland 
    Security shall jointly establish a working group to facilitate 
    coordination and information sharing between the Department of 
    Agriculture and U.S. Customs and Border Protection relating to 
    imports of organically produced agricultural products (referred to 
    in this section as the `working group').
        ``(2) Members.--The working group--
            ``(A) shall include--
                ``(i) the Secretary (or a designee); and
                ``(ii) the Secretary of Homeland Security (or a 
            designee); and
            ``(B) shall not include any non-Federal officer or 
        employee.
        ``(3) Duties.--The working group shall facilitate coordination 
    and information sharing between the Department of Agriculture and 
    U.S. Customs and Border Protection for the purposes of--
            ``(A) identifying imports of organically produced 
        agricultural products;
            ``(B) verifying the authenticity of organically produced 
        agricultural product import documentation, such as national 
        organic program import certificates;
            ``(C) ensuring imported agricultural products represented 
        as organically produced meet the requirements under this title;
            ``(D) collecting and organizing quantitative data on 
        imports of organically produced agricultural products; and
            ``(E) requesting feedback from stakeholders on how to 
        improve the oversight of imports of organically produced 
        agricultural products.
        ``(4) Designated employees and officials.--An employee or 
    official designated to carry out the duties of the Secretary or the 
    Secretary of Homeland Security on the working group under 
    subparagraph (A) or (B) of paragraph (2) shall be an employee or 
    official compensated at a rate of pay not less than the minimum 
    annual rate of basic pay for GS-12 under section 5332 of title 5, 
    United States Code.
    ``(b) Reports.--On an annual basis, the working group shall submit 
to Congress and make publicly available on the websites of the 
Department of Agriculture and U.S. Customs and Border Protection the 
following reports:
        ``(1) Organic trade enforcement interagency coordination 
    report.--A report--
            ``(A) identifying existing barriers to cooperation between 
        the agencies involved in agricultural product import 
        inspection, trade data collection and organization, and 
        organically produced agricultural product trade enforcement, 
        including--
                ``(i) U.S. Customs and Border Protection;
                ``(ii) the Agricultural Marketing Service; and
                ``(iii) the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service;
            ``(B) assessing progress toward integrating organic trade 
        enforcement into import inspection procedures of U.S. Customs 
        and Border Protection and the Animal and Plant Health 
        Inspection Service, including an assessment of--
                ``(i) the status of the development of systems for--

                    ``(I) tracking the fumigation of imports of 
                organically produced agricultural products into the 
                United States; and
                    ``(II) electronically verifying national organic 
                program import certificate authenticity; and

                ``(ii) training of U.S. Customs and Border Protection 
            personnel on--

                    ``(I) the use of the systems described in clause 
                (i); and
                    ``(II) requirements and protocols under this title;

            ``(C) establishing methodology for ensuring imports of 
        agricultural products represented as organically produced meet 
        the requirements under this title;
            ``(D) recommending steps to improve the documentation and 
        traceability of imported organically produced agricultural 
        products;
            ``(E) recommending and describing steps for--
                ``(i) improving compliance with the requirements of 
            this title for all agricultural products imported into the 
            United States and represented as organically produced; and
                ``(ii) ensuring accurate labeling and marketing of 
            imported agricultural products represented as organically 
            produced by the exporter; and
            ``(F) describing staffing needs and additional resources at 
        U.S. Customs and Border Protection and the Department of 
        Agriculture needed to ensure compliance.
        ``(2) Report on enforcement actions taken on organic imports.--
    A report--
            ``(A) providing detailed quantitative data (broken down by 
        agricultural product, quantity, value, month, and origin) on 
        imports of agricultural products represented as organically 
        produced found to be fraudulent or lacking any documentation 
        required under this title at the port of entry during the 
        report year;
            ``(B) providing data on domestic enforcement actions taken 
        on imported agricultural products represented as organically 
        produced, including the number and type of actions taken by 
        United States officials at ports of entry in response to 
        violations of this title;
            ``(C) providing data on fumigation of agricultural products 
        represented as organically produced at ports of entry and 
        notifications of fumigation actions to shipment owners, broken 
        down by product variety and country of origin; and
            ``(D) providing information on enforcement activities under 
        this title involving overseas investigations and compliance 
        actions taken within that year, including--
                ``(i) the number of investigations by country; and
                ``(ii) a descriptive summary of compliance actions 
            taken by certifying agents in each country.''.
    (j) Authorization of Appropriations for National Organic Program.--
Section 2123 of the Organic Foods Production Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 
6522) is amended--
        (1) by striking the section heading and inserting ``funding'';
        (2) in subsection (b), by striking paragraphs (1) through (7) 
    and inserting the following:
        ``(1) $15,000,000 for fiscal year 2018;
        ``(2) $16,500,000 for fiscal year 2019;
        ``(3) $18,000,000 for fiscal year 2020;
        ``(4) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2021;
        ``(5) $22,000,000 for fiscal year 2022; and
        ``(6) $24,000,000 for fiscal year 2023.''; and
        (3) by striking subsection (c) and inserting the following:
    ``(c) Modernization and Improvement of International Trade 
Technology Systems and Data Collection.--
        ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall establish a new system 
    or modify an existing data collection and organization system to 
    collect and organize in a single system quantitative data on 
    imports of each organically produced agricultural product accepted 
    into the United States.
        ``(2) Activities.--In carrying out paragraph (1), the Secretary 
    shall modernize trade and transaction certificates to ensure full 
    traceability to the port of entry without unduly hindering trade or 
    commerce, such as through an electronic trade document exchange 
    system.
        ``(3) Access.--The single system established under paragraph 
    (1) shall be accessible by any agency with the direct authority to 
    engage in--
            ``(A) inspection of imports of agricultural products;
            ``(B) trade data collection and organization; or
            ``(C) enforcement of trade requirements for organically 
        produced agricultural products.
        ``(4) Funding.--Of the funds of the Commodity Credit 
    Corporation, the Secretary shall make available $5,000,000 for 
    fiscal year 2019 for the purposes of--
            ``(A) carrying out this subsection; and
            ``(B) maintaining the database and technology upgrades 
        previously carried out under this subsection, as in effect on 
        the day before the date of enactment of the Agriculture 
        Improvement Act of 2018.
        ``(5) Availability.--The amounts made available under paragraph 
    (4) are in addition to any other funds made available for the 
    purposes described in that paragraph and shall remain available 
    until expended.''.
    (k) Trade Savings Provision.--The amendments made by subsection (i) 
shall be carried out in a manner consistent with United States 
obligations under international agreements.
SEC. 10105. NATIONAL ORGANIC CERTIFICATION COST-SHARE PROGRAM.
    (a) Elimination of Directed Delegation.--Section 10606(a) of the 
Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 (7 U.S.C. 6523(a)) is 
amended by striking ``(acting through the Agricultural Marketing 
Service)''.
    (b) Funding.--Section 10606 of the Farm Security and Rural 
Investment Act of 2002 (7 U.S.C. 6523) is amended by striking 
subsection (d) and inserting the following:
    ``(d) Mandatory Funding.--
        ``(1) In general.--Of the funds of the Commodity Credit 
    Corporation, the Secretary shall make available to carry out this 
    section--
            ``(A) $2,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2019 and 2020;
            ``(B) $4,000,000 for fiscal year 2021; and
            ``(C) $8,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2022 and 2023.
        ``(2) Availability.--Amounts made available under paragraph (1) 
    shall remain available until expended.''.
SEC. 10106. FOOD SAFETY EDUCATION INITIATIVES.
    Section 10105(c) of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008 
(7 U.S.C. 7655a(c)) is amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting 
``2023''.
SEC. 10107. SPECIALTY CROP BLOCK GRANTS.
    Section 101 of the Specialty Crops Competitiveness Act of 2004 (7 
U.S.C. 1621 note; Public Law 108-465) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (a)--
            (A) by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''; and
            (B) by striking ``solely to enhance the competitiveness of 
        specialty crops.'' and inserting the following: ``to enhance 
        the competitiveness of specialty crops, including--
        ``(1) by leveraging efforts to market and promote specialty 
    crops;
        ``(2) by assisting producers with research and development 
    relevant to specialty crops;
        ``(3) by expanding availability and access to specialty crops;
        ``(4) by addressing local, regional, and national challenges 
    confronting specialty crop producers; and
        ``(5) for such other purposes determined to be appropriate by 
    the Secretary of Agriculture, in consultation with specialty crop 
    stakeholders and relevant State departments of agriculture.'';
        (2) in subsection (j)--
            (A) by redesignating paragraphs (1) through (5) as 
        subparagraphs (A) through (E), respectively, and indenting 
        appropriately;
            (B) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A) (as so 
        redesignated), by striking ``Not later'' and inserting the 
        following:
        ``(1) In general.--Not later''; and
            (C) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(2) Administration of multistate projects from 
    nonparticipating states.--The Secretary of Agriculture may directly 
    administer all aspects of multistate projects under this subsection 
    for applicants in a nonparticipating State.'';
        (3) in subsection (k), by adding at the end the following:
        ``(3) Evaluation.--
            ``(A) Performance measures and review.--
                ``(i) Development.--The Secretary of Agriculture and 
            the State departments of agriculture, in consultation with 
            specialty crop stakeholders, shall develop performance 
            measures to be used as the sole means of performing any 
            evaluation of the grant program established under this 
            section.
                ``(ii) Review.--The Secretary of Agriculture, in 
            consultation with the State departments of agriculture, 
            shall periodically evaluate the performance of the grant 
            program established under this section.
            ``(B) Cooperative agreements.--The Secretary of Agriculture 
        may enter into cooperative agreements--
                ``(i) to develop the performance measures under 
            subparagraph (A)(i); or
                ``(ii) to evaluate the overall performance of the grant 
            program established under this section.''; and
        (4) in subsection (l)(2)(E), by inserting ``and each fiscal 
    year thereafter'' after ``2018''.
SEC. 10108. AMENDMENTS TO THE PLANT VARIETY PROTECTION ACT.
    (a) Asexually Reproduced Defined.--Section 41(a) of the Plant 
Variety Protection Act (7 U.S.C. 2401(a)) is amended--
        (1) by redesignating paragraphs (1), (2), (3), (4), (5), (6), 
    (7), (8), and (9) as paragraphs (2), (3), (4), (5), (6), (7), (8), 
    (9), and (10), respectively; and
        (2) by inserting before paragraph (2), as so redesignated, the 
    following new paragraph:
        ``(1) Asexually reproduced.--The term `asexually reproduced' 
    means produced by a method of plant propagation using vegetative 
    material (other than seed) from a single parent, including 
    cuttings, grafting, tissue culture, and propagation by root 
    division.''.
    (b) Right to Plant Variety Protection; Plant Varieties 
Protectable.--Section 42(a) of the Plant Variety Protection Act (7 
U.S.C. 2402(a)) is amended by striking ``or tuber propagated'' and 
inserting ``, tuber propagated, or asexually reproduced''.
    (c) Infringement of Plant Variety Protection.--Section 111(a)(3) of 
the Plant Variety Protection Act (7 U.S.C. 2541(a)(3)) is amended by 
inserting ``or asexually'' after ``sexually''.
    (d) False Marketing; Cease and Desist Orders.--Section 128(a) of 
the Plant Variety Protection Act (7 U.S.C. 2568(a)) is amended, in the 
matter preceding paragraph (1), by inserting ``or asexually'' after 
``sexually''.
SEC. 10109. MULTIPLE CROP AND PESTICIDE USE SURVEY.
    (a) In General.--The Secretary, acting through the Director of the 
Office of Pest Management Policy, shall conduct a multiple crop and 
pesticide use survey of farmers to collect data for risk assessment 
modeling and mitigation for an active ingredient.
    (b) Submission.--The Secretary shall submit to the Administrator of 
the Environmental Protection Agency and make publicly available the 
survey described in subsection (a).
    (c) Funding.--
        (1) Mandatory funding.--Of the funds of the Commodity Credit 
    Corporation, the Secretary shall use to carry out this section 
    $500,000 for fiscal year 2019, to remain available until expended.
        (2) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
    appropriated to carry out this section $2,500,000, to remain 
    available until expended.
    (d) Confidentiality of Information.--Section 1770 of the Food 
Security Act of 1985 (7 U.S.C. 2276) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (a)--
            (A) by striking ``(a) In the case'' and inserting the 
        following:
    ``(a) In General.--In the case''; and
            (B) in paragraph (3), by striking ``subsection (d)(12)'' 
        and inserting ``paragraph (12) or (13) of subsection (d)''; and
        (2) in subsection (d)--
            (A) by striking ``(d) For purposes'' and inserting the 
        following:
    ``(d) Provisions of Law References.--For purposes'';
            (B) in paragraph (11), by striking ``or'' at the end;
            (C) in paragraph (12), by striking the period at the end 
        and inserting ``; or''; and
            (D) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(13) section 10109 of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 
    2018.''.
SEC. 10110. REPORT ON THE ARRIVAL IN THE UNITED STATES OF FOREST PESTS 
THROUGH RESTRICTIONS ON THE IMPORTATION OF CERTAIN PLANTS FOR PLANTING.
    Not later than March 1, 2021, the Secretary shall submit to 
Congress a report--
        (1) evaluating the effectiveness of the Federal Government in 
    intercepting pests in international shipping and on plants for 
    planting;
        (2) describing the geographic sources of intercepted pests and 
    the commodities or plant species most often associated with 
    infested shipments;
        (3) quantifying the detection of forest pests in the national 
    surveillance networks, including the Cooperative Agricultural Pest 
    Survey and the Early Detection and Rapid Response network of the 
    Forest Service;
        (4) describing new outbreaks of forest pests in the United 
    States and the spread of existing infestations;
        (5) describing how the numbers of such interceptions, 
    detections, and outbreaks described in a preceding paragraph have 
    changed since January 1, 2018;
        (6) containing proposed additional actions to further reduce 
    the rate of arrival for forest pests across the borders of the 
    United States;
        (7) identifying current challenges with intercepting, 
    detecting, and addressing outbreaks of tree and wood pests, as well 
    as challenges in achieving compliance with the Plant Protection Act 
    (7 U.S.C. 7701 et seq.) and recommendations with respect to such 
    challenges; and
        (8) describing the coordination and collaboration occurring 
    between the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service and the 
    Forest Service with respect to--
            (A) identifying and prioritizing critical detection, 
        surveillance, and eradication needs for tree and wood pests; 
        and
            (B) identifying the actions each agency takes within their 
        respective missions to address identified priorities.
SEC. 10111. REPORT ON PLANT BIOSTIMULANTS.
    (a) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment 
of this Act, the Secretary shall submit a report to the President and 
Congress that identifies any potential regulatory, non-regulatory, and 
legislative recommendations, including the appropriateness of any 
definitions for plant biostimulant, to ensure the efficient and 
appropriate review, approval, uniform national labeling, and 
availability of plant biostimulant products to agricultural producers.
    (b) Consultation.--The Secretary shall prepare the report required 
by subsection (a) in consultation with the Administrator of the 
Environmental Protection Agency, the several States, industry 
stakeholders, and such other stakeholders as the Secretary determines 
necessary.
    (c) Plant Biostimulant.--For the purposes of the report under 
subsection (a), the Secretary--
        (1) shall consider ``plant biostimulant'' to be a substance or 
    micro-organism that, when applied to seeds, plants, or the 
    rhizosphere, stimulates natural processes to enhance or benefit 
    nutrient uptake, nutrient efficiency, tolerance to abiotic stress, 
    or crop quality and yield; and
        (2) may modify the description of plant biostimulant, as 
    appropriate.
SEC. 10112. CLARIFICATION OF USE OF FUNDS FOR TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE.
    Section 11 of the Commodity Credit Corporation Charter Act (15 
U.S.C. 714i) is amended in the last sentence by inserting after 
``activities'' the following: ``but excluding any amounts used to 
provide technical assistance under title X of the Agriculture 
Improvement Act of 2018 or an amendment made by that title''.
SEC. 10113. HEMP PRODUCTION.
    The Agricultural Marketing Act of 1946 (7 U.S.C. 1621 et seq.) is 
amended by adding at the end the following:

                     ``Subtitle G--Hemp Production

``SEC. 297A. DEFINITIONS.
    ``In this subtitle:
        ``(1) Hemp.--The term `hemp' means the plant Cannabis sativa L. 
    and any part of that plant, including the seeds thereof and all 
    derivatives, extracts, cannabinoids, isomers, acids, salts, and 
    salts of isomers, whether growing or not, with a delta-9 
    tetrahydrocannabinol concentration of not more than 0.3 percent on 
    a dry weight basis.
        ``(2) Indian tribe.--The term `Indian tribe' has the meaning 
    given the term in section 4 of the Indian Self-Determination and 
    Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 5304).
        ``(3) Secretary.--The term `Secretary' means the Secretary of 
    Agriculture.
        ``(4) State.--The term `State' means--
            ``(A) a State;
            ``(B) the District of Columbia;
            ``(C) the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico; and
            ``(D) any other territory or possession of the United 
        States.
        ``(5) State department of agriculture.--The term `State 
    department of agriculture' means the agency, commission, or 
    department of a State government responsible for agriculture in the 
    State.
        ``(6) Tribal government.--The term `Tribal government' means 
    the governing body of an Indian tribe.
``SEC. 297B. STATE AND TRIBAL PLANS.
    ``(a) Submission.--
        ``(1) In general.--A State or Indian tribe desiring to have 
    primary regulatory authority over the production of hemp in the 
    State or territory of the Indian tribe shall submit to the 
    Secretary, through the State department of agriculture (in 
    consultation with the Governor and chief law enforcement officer of 
    the State) or the Tribal government, as applicable, a plan under 
    which the State or Indian tribe monitors and regulates that 
    production as described in paragraph (2).
        ``(2) Contents.--A State or Tribal plan referred to in 
    paragraph (1)--
            ``(A) shall only be required to include--
                ``(i) a practice to maintain relevant information 
            regarding land on which hemp is produced in the State or 
            territory of the Indian tribe, including a legal 
            description of the land, for a period of not less than 3 
            calendar years;
                ``(ii) a procedure for testing, using post-
            decarboxylation or other similarly reliable methods, delta-
            9 tetrahydrocannabinol concentration levels of hemp 
            produced in the State or territory of the Indian tribe;
                ``(iii) a procedure for the effective disposal of--

                    ``(I) plants, whether growing or not, that are 
                produced in violation of this subtitle; and
                    ``(II) products derived from those plants;

                ``(iv) a procedure to comply with the enforcement 
            procedures under subsection (e);
                ``(v) a procedure for conducting annual inspections of, 
            at a minimum, a random sample of hemp producers to verify 
            that hemp is not produced in violation of this subtitle;
                ``(vi) a procedure for submitting the information 
            described in section 297C(d)(2), as applicable, to the 
            Secretary not more than 30 days after the date on which the 
            information is received; and
                ``(vii) a certification that the State or Indian tribe 
            has the resources and personnel to carry out the practices 
            and procedures described in clauses (i) through (vi); and
            ``(B) may include any other practice or procedure 
        established by a State or Indian tribe, as applicable, to the 
        extent that the practice or procedure is consistent with this 
        subtitle.
        ``(3) Relation to state and tribal law.--
            ``(A) No preemption.--Nothing in this subsection preempts 
        or limits any law of a State or Indian tribe that--
                ``(i) regulates the production of hemp; and
                ``(ii) is more stringent than this subtitle.
            ``(B) References in plans.--A State or Tribal plan referred 
        to in paragraph (1) may include a reference to a law of the 
        State or Indian tribe regulating the production of hemp, to the 
        extent that law is consistent with this subtitle.
    ``(b) Approval.--
        ``(1) In general.--Not later than 60 days after receipt of a 
    State or Tribal plan under subsection (a), the Secretary shall--
            ``(A) approve the State or Tribal plan if the State or 
        Tribal plan complies with subsection (a); or
            ``(B) disapprove the State or Tribal plan only if the State 
        or Tribal plan does not comply with subsection (a).
        ``(2) Amended plans.--If the Secretary disapproves a State or 
    Tribal plan under paragraph (1)(B), the State, through the State 
    department of agriculture (in consultation with the Governor and 
    chief law enforcement officer of the State) or the Tribal 
    government, as applicable, may submit to the Secretary an amended 
    State or Tribal plan that complies with subsection (a).
        ``(3) Consultation.--The Secretary shall consult with the 
    Attorney General in carrying out this subsection.
    ``(c) Audit of State Compliance.--
        ``(1) In general.--The Secretary may conduct an audit of the 
    compliance of a State or Indian tribe with a State or Tribal plan 
    approved under subsection (b).
        ``(2) Noncompliance.--If the Secretary determines under an 
    audit conducted under paragraph (1) that a State or Indian tribe is 
    not materially in compliance with a State or Tribal plan--
            ``(A) the Secretary shall collaborate with the State or 
        Indian tribe to develop a corrective action plan in the case of 
        a first instance of noncompliance; and
            ``(B) the Secretary may revoke approval of the State or 
        Tribal plan in the case of a second or subsequent instance of 
        noncompliance.
    ``(d) Technical Assistance.--The Secretary may provide technical 
assistance to a State or Indian tribe in the development of a State or 
Tribal plan under subsection (a).
    ``(e) Violations.--
        ``(1) In general.--A violation of a State or Tribal plan 
    approved under subsection (b) shall be subject to enforcement 
    solely in accordance with this subsection.
        ``(2) Negligent violation.--
            ``(A) In general.--A hemp producer in a State or the 
        territory of an Indian tribe for which a State or Tribal plan 
        is approved under subsection (b) shall be subject to 
        subparagraph (B) of this paragraph if the State department of 
        agriculture or Tribal government, as applicable, determines 
        that the hemp producer has negligently violated the State or 
        Tribal plan, including by negligently--
                ``(i) failing to provide a legal description of land on 
            which the producer produces hemp;
                ``(ii) failing to obtain a license or other required 
            authorization from the State department of agriculture or 
            Tribal government, as applicable; or
                ``(iii) producing Cannabis sativa L. with a delta-9 
            tetrahydrocannabinol concentration of more than 0.3 percent 
            on a dry weight basis.
            ``(B) Corrective action plan.--A hemp producer described in 
        subparagraph (A) shall comply with a plan established by the 
        State department of agriculture or Tribal government, as 
        applicable, to correct the negligent violation, including--
                ``(i) a reasonable date by which the hemp producer 
            shall correct the negligent violation; and
                ``(ii) a requirement that the hemp producer shall 
            periodically report to the State department of agriculture 
            or Tribal government, as applicable, on the compliance of 
            the hemp producer with the State or Tribal plan for a 
            period of not less than the next 2 calendar years.
            ``(C) Result of negligent violation.--A hemp producer that 
        negligently violates a State or Tribal plan under subparagraph 
        (A) shall not as a result of that violation be subject to any 
        criminal enforcement action by the Federal Government or any 
        State government, Tribal government, or local government.
            ``(D) Repeat violations.--A hemp producer that negligently 
        violates a State or Tribal plan under subparagraph (A) 3 times 
        in a 5-year period shall be ineligible to produce hemp for a 
        period of 5 years beginning on the date of the third violation.
        ``(3) Other violations.--
            ``(A) In general.--If the State department of agriculture 
        or Tribal government in a State or the territory of an Indian 
        tribe for which a State or Tribal plan is approved under 
        subsection (b), as applicable, determines that a hemp producer 
        in the State or territory has violated the State or Tribal plan 
        with a culpable mental state greater than negligence--
                ``(i) the State department of agriculture or Tribal 
            government, as applicable, shall immediately report the 
            hemp producer to--

                    ``(I) the Attorney General; and
                    ``(II) the chief law enforcement officer of the 
                State or Indian tribe, as applicable; and

                ``(ii) paragraph (1) of this subsection shall not apply 
            to the violation.
            ``(B) Felony.--
                ``(i) In general.--Except as provided in clause (ii), 
            any person convicted of a felony relating to a controlled 
            substance under State or Federal law before, on, or after 
            the date of enactment of this subtitle shall be ineligible, 
            during the 10-year period following the date of the 
            conviction--

                    ``(I) to participate in the program established 
                under this section or section 297C; and
                    ``(II) to produce hemp under any regulations or 
                guidelines issued under section 297D(a).

                ``(ii) Exception.--Clause (i) shall not apply to any 
            person growing hemp lawfully with a license, registration, 
            or authorization under a pilot program authorized by 
            section 7606 of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 
            5940) before the date of enactment of this subtitle.
            ``(C) False statement.--Any person who materially falsifies 
        any information contained in an application to participate in 
        the program established under this section shall be ineligible 
        to participate in that program.
    ``(f) Effect.--Nothing in this section prohibits the production of 
hemp in a State or the territory of an Indian tribe--
        ``(1) for which a State or Tribal plan is not approved under 
    this section, if the production of hemp is in accordance with 
    section 297C or other Federal laws (including regulations); and
        ``(2) if the production of hemp is not otherwise prohibited by 
    the State or Indian tribe.
``SEC. 297C. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE.
    ``(a) Department of Agriculture Plan.--
        ``(1) In general.--In the case of a State or Indian tribe for 
    which a State or Tribal plan is not approved under section 297B, 
    the production of hemp in that State or the territory of that 
    Indian tribe shall be subject to a plan established by the 
    Secretary to monitor and regulate that production in accordance 
    with paragraph (2).
        ``(2) Content.--A plan established by the Secretary under 
    paragraph (1) shall include--
            ``(A) a practice to maintain relevant information regarding 
        land on which hemp is produced in the State or territory of the 
        Indian tribe, including a legal description of the land, for a 
        period of not less than 3 calendar years;
            ``(B) a procedure for testing, using post-decarboxylation 
        or other similarly reliable methods, delta-9 
        tetrahydrocannabinol concentration levels of hemp produced in 
        the State or territory of the Indian tribe;
            ``(C) a procedure for the effective disposal of--
                ``(i) plants, whether growing or not, that are produced 
            in violation of this subtitle; and
                ``(ii) products derived from those plants;
            ``(D) a procedure to comply with the enforcement procedures 
        under subsection (c)(2);
            ``(E) a procedure for conducting annual inspections of, at 
        a minimum, a random sample of hemp producers to verify that 
        hemp is not produced in violation of this subtitle; and
            ``(F) such other practices or procedures as the Secretary 
        considers to be appropriate, to the extent that the practice or 
        procedure is consistent with this subtitle.
    ``(b) Licensing.--The Secretary shall establish a procedure to 
issue licenses to hemp producers in accordance with a plan established 
under subsection (a).
    ``(c) Violations.--
        ``(1) In general.--In the case of a State or Indian tribe for 
    which a State or Tribal plan is not approved under section 297B, it 
    shall be unlawful to produce hemp in that State or the territory of 
    that Indian tribe without a license issued by the Secretary under 
    subsection (b).
        ``(2) Negligent and other violations.--A violation of a plan 
    established under subsection (a) shall be subject to enforcement in 
    accordance with paragraphs (2) and (3) of section 297B(e), except 
    that the Secretary shall carry out that enforcement instead of a 
    State department of agriculture or Tribal government.
        ``(3) Reporting to attorney general.--In the case of a State or 
    Indian tribe covered by paragraph (1), the Secretary shall report 
    the production of hemp without a license issued by the Secretary 
    under subsection (b) to the Attorney General.
    ``(d) Information Sharing for Law Enforcement.--
        ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall--
            ``(A) collect the information described in paragraph (2); 
        and
            ``(B) make the information collected under subparagraph (A) 
        accessible in real time to Federal, State, territorial, and 
        local law enforcement.
        ``(2) Content.--The information collected by the Secretary 
    under paragraph (1) shall include--
            ``(A) contact information for each hemp producer in a State 
        or the territory of an Indian tribe for which--
                ``(i) a State or Tribal plan is approved under section 
            297B(b); or
                ``(ii) a plan is established by the Secretary under 
            this section;
            ``(B) a legal description of the land on which hemp is 
        grown by each hemp producer described in subparagraph (A); and
            ``(C) for each hemp producer described in subparagraph 
        (A)--
                ``(i) the status of--

                    ``(I) a license or other required authorization 
                from the State department of agriculture or Tribal 
                government, as applicable; or
                    ``(II) a license from the Secretary; and

                ``(ii) any changes to the status.
``SEC. 297D. REGULATIONS AND GUIDELINES; EFFECT ON OTHER LAW.
    ``(a) Promulgation of Regulations and Guidelines; Report.--
        ``(1) Regulations and guidelines.--
            ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall promulgate 
        regulations and guidelines to implement this subtitle as 
        expeditiously as practicable.
            ``(B) Consultation with attorney general.--The Secretary 
        shall consult with the Attorney General on the promulgation of 
        regulations and guidelines under subparagraph (A).
        ``(2) Report.--The Secretary shall annually submit to the 
    Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the 
    Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a 
    report containing updates on the implementation of this subtitle.
    ``(b) Authority.--Subject to subsection (c)(3)(B), the Secretary 
shall have sole authority to promulgate Federal regulations and 
guidelines that relate to the production of hemp, including Federal 
regulations and guidelines that relate to the implementation of 
sections 297B and 297C.
    ``(c) Effect on Other Law.--Nothing in this subtitle shall affect 
or modify--
        ``(1) the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 301 
    et seq.);
        ``(2) section 351 of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 
    262); or
        ``(3) the authority of the Commissioner of Food and Drugs and 
    the Secretary of Health and Human Services--
            ``(A) under--
                ``(i) the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 
            U.S.C. 301 et seq.); or
                ``(ii) section 351 of the Public Health Service Act (42 
            U.S.C. 262); or
            ``(B) to promulgate Federal regulations and guidelines that 
        relate to the production of hemp under the Act described in 
        subparagraph (A)(i) or the section described in subparagraph 
        (A)(ii).
``SEC. 297E. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.
    ``There are authorized to be appropriated such sums as are 
necessary to carry out this subtitle.''.
SEC. 10114. INTERSTATE COMMERCE.
    (a) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this title or an amendment 
made by this title prohibits the interstate commerce of hemp (as 
defined in section 297A of the Agricultural Marketing Act of 1946 (as 
added by section 10113)) or hemp products.
    (b) Transportation of Hemp and Hemp Products.--No State or Indian 
Tribe shall prohibit the transportation or shipment of hemp or hemp 
products produced in accordance with subtitle G of the Agricultural 
Marketing Act of 1946 (as added by section 10113) through the State or 
the territory of the Indian Tribe, as applicable.
SEC. 10115. FIFRA INTERAGENCY WORKING GROUP.
    Section 3(c) of the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide 
Act (7 U.S.C. 13a(c)) is amended by adding at the end the following:
        ``(11) Interagency working group.--
            ``(A) Definition of covered agency.--In this paragraph, the 
        term `covered agency' means any of the following:
                ``(i) The Department of Agriculture.
                ``(ii) The Department of Commerce.
                ``(iii) The Department of the Interior.
                ``(iv) The Council on Environmental Quality.
                ``(v) The Environmental Protection Agency.
            ``(B) Establishment.--The Administrator shall establish an 
        interagency working group, to be comprised of representatives 
        from each covered agency, to provide recommendations regarding, 
        and to implement a strategy for improving, the consultation 
        process required under section 7 of the Endangered Species Act 
        of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1536) for pesticide registration and 
        registration review.
            ``(C) Duties.--The interagency working group established 
        under subparagraph (B) shall--
                ``(i) analyze relevant Federal law (including 
            regulations) and case law for purposes of providing an 
            outline of the legal and regulatory framework for the 
            consultation process referred to in that subparagraph, 
            including--

                    ``(I) requirements under this Act and the 
                Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et 
                seq.);
                    ``(II) Federal case law regarding the intersection 
                of this Act and the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 
                U.S.C. 1531 et seq.); and
                    ``(III) Federal regulations relating to the 
                pesticide consultation process;

                ``(ii) provide advice regarding methods of--

                    ``(I) defining the scope of actions of the covered 
                agencies that are subject to the consultation 
                requirement referred to in subparagraph (B); and
                    ``(II) properly identifying and classifying effects 
                of actions of the covered agencies with respect to that 
                consultation requirement;

                ``(iii) identify the obligations and limitations under 
            Federal law of each covered agency for purposes of 
            providing a legal and regulatory framework for developing 
            the recommendations referred to in subparagraph (B);
                ``(iv) review practices for the consultation referred 
            to in subparagraph (B) to identify problem areas, areas for 
            improvement, and best practices for conducting that 
            consultation among the covered agencies;
                ``(v) develop scientific and policy approaches to 
            increase the accuracy and timeliness of the process for 
            that consultation, in accordance with requirements of this 
            Act and the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 
            et seq.), including--

                    ``(I) processes to efficiently share data and 
                coordinate analyses among the Department of 
                Agriculture, the Department of Commerce, the Department 
                of the Interior, and the Environmental Protection 
                Agency;
                    ``(II) a streamlined process for identifying which 
                actions require no consultation, informal consultation, 
                or formal consultation;
                    ``(III) an approach that will provide clarity with 
                respect to what constitutes the best scientific and 
                commercial data available in the fields of pesticide 
                use and ecological risk assessment, pursuant to section 
                7(a)(2) of the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 
                U.S.C. 1536(a)(2)); and
                    ``(IV) approaches that enable the Environmental 
                Protection Agency to better assist the Department of 
                the Interior and the Department of Commerce in carrying 
                out obligations under that section in a timely and 
                efficient manner; and

                ``(vi) propose and implement a strategy to implement 
            approaches to consultations under the Endangered Species 
            Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) and document that 
            strategy in a memorandum of understanding, revised 
            regulations, or another appropriate format to promote 
            durable cooperation among the covered agencies.
            ``(D) Reports.--
                ``(i) Progress reports.--

                    ``(I) In general.--Not later than 18 months after 
                the date of enactment of this paragraph, the 
                Administrator, in coordination with the head of each 
                other covered agency, shall submit to the Committee on 
                Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the 
                Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of 
                the Senate a report describing the progress of the 
                working group in developing the recommendations under 
                subparagraph (B).
                    ``(II) Requirements.--The report under this clause 
                shall--

                        ``(aa) reflect the perspectives of each covered 
                    agency; and
                        ``(bb) identify areas of new consensus and 
                    continuing topics of disagreement and debate.
                ``(ii) Results.--

                    ``(I) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the 
                date of enactment of this paragraph, the Administrator, 
                in coordination with the head of each other covered 
                agency, shall submit to the Committee on Agriculture of 
                the House of Representatives and the Committee on 
                Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a 
                report describing--

                        ``(aa) the recommendations developed under 
                    subparagraph (B); and
                        ``(bb) plans for implementation of those 
                    recommendations.

                    ``(II) Requirements.--The report under this clause 
                shall--

                        ``(aa) reflect the perspectives of each covered 
                    agency; and
                        ``(bb) identify areas of consensus and 
                    continuing topics of disagreement and debate, if 
                    any.
                ``(iii) Implementation.--Not later than 1 year after 
            the date of submission of the report under clause (i), the 
            Administrator, in coordination with the head of each other 
            covered agency, shall submit to the Committee on 
            Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the 
            Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the 
            Senate a report describing--

                    ``(I) the implementation of the recommendations 
                referred to in that clause;
                    ``(II) the extent to which that implementation 
                improved the consultation process referred to in 
                subparagraph (B); and
                    ``(III) any additional recommendations for 
                improvements to the process described in subparagraph 
                (B).

                ``(iv) Other reports.--Not later than the date that is 
            180 days after the date of submission of the report under 
            clause (iii), and not less frequently than once every 180 
            days thereafter during the 5-year period beginning on that 
            date, the Administrator, in coordination with the head of 
            each other covered agency, shall submit to the Committee on 
            Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the 
            Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the 
            Senate a report describing--

                    ``(I) the implementation of the recommendations 
                referred to in that clause;
                    ``(II) the extent to which that implementation 
                improved the consultation process referred to in 
                subparagraph (B); and
                    ``(III) any additional recommendations for 
                improvements to the process described in subparagraph 
                (B).

            ``(E) Consultation with private sector.--In carrying out 
        the duties under this paragraph, the working group shall, as 
        appropriate--
                ``(i) consult with, representatives of interested 
            industry stakeholders and nongovernmental organizations; 
            and
                ``(ii) take into consideration factors, such as actual 
            and potential differences in interest between, and the 
            views of, those stakeholders and organizations.
            ``(F) Federal advisory committee act.--The Federal Advisory 
        Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.) shall not apply to the working 
        group established under this paragraph.
            ``(G) Savings clause.--Nothing in this paragraph supersedes 
        any provision of--
                ``(i) this Act; or
                ``(ii) the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 
            1531 et seq.), including the requirements under section 7 
            of that Act (16 U.S.C. 1536).''.
SEC. 10116. STUDY ON METHYL BROMIDE USE IN RESPONSE TO AN EMERGENCY 
EVENT.
    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
        (1) Emergency event.--The term ``emergency event'' means a 
    situation--
            (A) that occurs at a location on which a plant or commodity 
        is grown or produced or facility providing for the storage of, 
        or other services with respect to, a plant or commodity;
            (B) for which the lack of availability of methyl bromide 
        for a particular use would result in significant economic loss 
        to the owner, lessee, or operator of the location or facility 
        or the owner, grower, or purchaser of the plant or commodity; 
        and
            (C) that, in light of the specific agricultural, 
        meteorological, or other conditions presented, requires the use 
        of methyl bromide to control a pest or disease in the location 
        or facility because there are no technically feasible 
        alternatives to methyl bromide easily accessible by an entity 
        referred to in subparagraph (B) at the time and location of the 
        event that--
                (i) are registered under the Federal Insecticide, 
            Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (7 U.S.C. 136 et seq.) for 
            the intended use or pest to be so controlled; and
                (ii) would adequately control the pest or disease 
            presented at the location or facility.
        (2) Pest.--The term ``pest'' has the meaning given the term in 
    section 2 of the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide 
    Act (7 U.S.C. 136).
    (b) Study.--
        (1) In general.--The Secretary, in consultation with the 
    Secretary of State and the Administrator of the Environmental 
    Protection Agency, shall complete a study on the potential use of 
    methyl bromide in response to an emergency event.
        (2) Requirements.--The study under paragraph (1) shall 
    include--
            (A) a risk-benefit analysis of authorizing State, local, or 
        Tribal authorities, in accordance with appropriate requirements 
        and criteria, such as the recommendations developed under 
        subparagraph (E)--
                (i) to determine when the use of methyl bromide is 
            required; and
                (ii) to authorize such use;
            (B) a risk-benefit analysis of authorizing the Secretary, 
        in accordance with appropriate requirements and criteria, such 
        as the recommendations developed under subparagraph (E)--
                (i) to determine when the use of methyl bromide is 
            required; and
                (ii) to authorize such use;
            (C) a historic estimate of situations occurring on or after 
        September 15, 1997, that could have been deemed emergency 
        events;
            (D) a detailed assessment of the adherence of the United 
        States to international obligations of the United States with 
        respect to the prevention of ozone depletion; and
            (E) an assessment and recommendations on appropriate 
        requirements and criteria to be met to authorize the use of 
        methyl bromide in response to an emergency event (including any 
        recommendations for revising the definition of the term 
        ``emergency event'' in subsection (a)) in a manner that fully 
        complies with the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete 
        the Ozone Layer, including Decision IX/7 of the Ninth Meeting 
        of the Conference of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol on 
        Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer.
    (c) Report.--Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of 
this Act, the Secretary shall submit a report on the study under 
subsection (b) to the Committee on Agriculture of the House of 
Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, Forestry, and 
Nutrition of the Senate.

                        TITLE XI--CROP INSURANCE

SEC. 11101. DEFINITIONS.
    Section 502(b) of the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 1502(b)) 
is amended--
        (1) by redesignating paragraphs (6), (7), (8), (9), (10), and 
    (11) as paragraphs (7), (8), (10), (11), (12), and (13) 
    respectively;
        (2) by inserting after paragraph (5) the following:
        ``(6) Cover crop termination.--The term `cover crop 
    termination' means a practice that historically and under 
    reasonable circumstances results in the termination of the growth 
    of a cover crop.''; and
        (3) by inserting after paragraph (8) (as so redesignated) the 
    following:
        ``(9) Hemp.--The term `hemp' has the meaning given the term in 
    section 297A of the Agricultural Marketing Act of 1946.''.
SEC. 11102. DATA COLLECTION.
    Section 506(h)(2) of the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 
1506(h)(2)) is amended--
        (1) by striking ``The Corporation'' and inserting the 
    following:
            ``(A) In general.--The Corporation''; and
        (2) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(B) National agricultural statistics service.--Data 
        collected by the National Agricultural Statistics Service, 
        whether published or unpublished, shall be--
                ``(i) provided in an aggregate form to the Corporation 
            for the purpose of providing insurance under this subtitle; 
            and
                ``(ii) kept confidential by the Corporation in the same 
            manner and to the same extent as is required under--

                    ``(I) section 1770 of the Food Security Act of 1985 
                (7 U.S.C. 2276); and
                    ``(II) the Confidential Information Protection and 
                Statistical Efficiency Act of 2002 (44 U.S.C. 3501 
                note; Public Law 107-347).

            ``(C) Noninsured crop disaster assistance program.--In 
        collecting data under this subsection, the Secretary shall 
        ensure that--
                ``(i) appropriate data are collected through the 
            noninsured crop disaster assistance program established by 
            section 196 of the Federal Agriculture Improvement and 
            Reform Act of 1996 (7 U.S.C. 7333); and
                ``(ii) not less frequently than annually, the Farm 
            Service Agency shares, and the Corporation considers, the 
            data described in clause (i).''.
SEC. 11103. SHARING OF RECORDS.
    Section 506(h)(3) of the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 
1506(h)(3)) is amended by inserting ``applicants who have received 
payment under section 522(b)(2)(E),'' after ``divisions,''.
SEC. 11104. USE OF RESOURCES.
    Section 507(f) of the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 1507(f)) 
is amended--
        (1) by striking paragraphs (3) and (4) and inserting the 
    following:
        ``(3) the Farm Service Agency, in assisting the Board in--
            ``(A) the determination of individual producer yields;
            ``(B) sharing information on beginning farmers and ranchers 
        and veteran farmers and ranchers;
            ``(C) investigating potential waste, fraud, or abuse;
            ``(D) sharing information to support the transition of 
        crops and counties from the noninsured crop disaster assistance 
        program established by section 196 of the Federal Agriculture 
        Improvement and Reform Act of 1996 (7 U.S.C. 7333) to insurance 
        under this subtitle; and
            ``(E) serving as a local point of contact for the 
        dissemination of information on risk management options 
        available to farmers and ranchers; and
        ``(4) other Federal agencies, in assisting the Board in any way 
    the Board determines is necessary in carrying out this subtitle.'';
        (2) in paragraph (2), by striking ``(2) the'' and inserting the 
    following:
        ``(2) the''; and
        (3) by striking ``(f) The Board'' in the matter preceding 
    paragraph (1) and all that follows through the semicolon at the end 
    of paragraph (1) and inserting the following:
    ``(f) Use of Resources, Data, Boards, and Committees of Federal 
Agencies.--If the Board determines it is necessary, the Board shall 
use, to the maximum extent practicable, the resources, data, boards, 
and the committees of--
        ``(1) the Natural Resources Conservation Service, in assisting 
    the Board in--
            ``(A) the classification of land as to risk and production 
        capability; and
            ``(B) the consideration of acceptable conservation 
        practices, including good farming practices with respect to 
        conservation (such as cover crop termination);''.
SEC. 11105. SPECIALTY CROPS.
    (a) Specialty Crops Coordinator.--Section 507(g) of the Federal 
Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 1507(g)) is amended--
        (1) by striking the subsection designation and all that follows 
    through ``The Corporation'' in paragraph (1) and inserting the 
    following:
    ``(g) Specialty Crops Coordinator.--
        ``(1) In general.--The Corporation''; and
        (2) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(4) Specialty crop liaisons.--The Specialty Crops Coordinator 
    shall--
            ``(A) designate a Specialty Crops Liaison in each regional 
        field office; and
            ``(B) share the contact information of the Specialty Crops 
        Liaisons with specialty crop producers.
        ``(5) Website.--The Specialty Crops Coordinator shall establish 
    a website focused on the efforts of the Corporation to provide and 
    expand crop insurance for specialty crop producers.''.
    (b) Addition of Specialty Crops and Other Value-added Crops.--
Section 508(a)(6) of the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 
1508(a)(6)) is amended--
        (1) in the paragraph heading, by adding at the end the 
    following: ``(including value-added crops)'';
        (2) by striking subparagraph (A) and inserting the following:
            ``(A) Annual review.--Not later than 1 year after the date 
        of enactment of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018, and 
        annually thereafter, the manager of the Corporation shall 
        prepare, to the maximum extent practicable, based on data 
        shared from the noninsured crop disaster assistance program 
        established by section 196 of the Federal Agriculture 
        Improvement and Reform Act of 1996 (7 U.S.C. 7333), written 
        agreements, or other data, and present to the Board not less 
        than 1 of each of the following:
                ``(i) Research and development for a policy or plan of 
            insurance for a commodity for which there is no existing 
            policy or plan of insurance.
                ``(ii) Expansion of an existing policy or plan of 
            insurance to additional counties or States, including 
            malting barley endorsements or contract options.
                ``(iii) Research and development for a new policy or 
            plan of insurance, or endorsement, for commodities with 
            existing policies or plans of insurance, such as dollar 
            plans.'';
        (3) in subparagraph (B), in the subparagraph heading, by 
    striking ``Addition of new crops'' and inserting ``Report''; and
        (4) by striking subparagraphs (C) and (D).
SEC. 11106. INSURANCE PERIOD.
    Section 508(a)(2) of the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 
1508(a)(2)) is amended by striking ``and sweet potatoes'' and inserting 
``sweet potatoes, and hemp''.
SEC. 11107. COVER CROPS.
    Section 508(a) of the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 1508(a)) 
is amended--
        (1) in paragraph (3)(B), in the subparagraph heading, by 
    inserting ``determination review'' after ``practices''; and
        (2) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(11) Cover crops.--
            ``(A) In general.--The voluntary practice of cover cropping 
        shall be considered a good farming practice under paragraph 
        (3)(A)(iii) if the cover crop is terminated in accordance with 
        subparagraph (B).
            ``(B) Termination.--
                ``(i) In general.--The termination of a cover crop 
            shall be carried out according to--

                    ``(I) guidelines established by the Secretary; or
                    ``(II) an exception to the guidelines approved 
                under clause (ii).

                ``(ii) Exception to guidelines.--The Corporation shall 
            approve an exception to the guidelines under clause (i)(I) 
            if that exception is recommended by--

                    ``(I) the Natural Resources Conservation Service; 
                or
                    ``(II) an agricultural expert, as determined by the 
                Corporation, unless the exception is determined to be 
                unreasonable by the Corporation.

            ``(C) Insurability of subsequent crop.--Cover crop 
        termination shall not affect the insurability of a subsequently 
        planted insurable crop if the cover crop is terminated in 
        accordance with subparagraph (B).
            ``(D) Summer fallow.--In a county in which summer fallow is 
        an insurable practice, a cover crop in that county that is 
        terminated in accordance with subparagraph (B) shall be 
        considered as summer fallow for the purpose of insurability.''.
SEC. 11108. UNDERSERVED PRODUCERS.
    Section 508(a)(7) of the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 
1508(a)(7)) is amended--
        (1) in the paragraph heading, by inserting ``and underserved 
    producers'' after ``states'';
        (2) in subparagraph (A)--
            (A) by striking the designation and heading and all that 
        follows through ``the term'' and inserting the following:
            ``(A) Definitions.--In this paragraph:
                ``(i) Adequately served.--The term'';
            (B) in clause (i) (as so designated), by striking 
        ``participation rate'' and inserting ``participation rate, by 
        crop,''; and
            (C) by adding at the end the following:
                ``(ii) Underserved producer.--The term `underserved 
            producer' means an individual (including a member of an 
            Indian Tribe) that is--

                    ``(I) a beginning farmer or rancher;
                    ``(II) a veteran farmer or rancher; or
                    ``(III) a socially disadvantaged farmer or 
                rancher.'';

        (3) in subparagraph (B)--
            (A) by striking ``The Board'' and inserting ``Using 
        resources and information available to the Board or the 
        Secretary, the Board''; and
            (B) by striking ``subtitle'' and inserting ``subtitle, 
        including policies and plans of insurance for underserved 
        producers,''; and
        (4) by striking subparagraph (C) and inserting the following:
            ``(C) Report.--
                ``(i) In general.--Not later than 30 days after 
            completion of the review under subparagraph (B), and not 
            less frequently than once every 3 years thereafter, the 
            Board shall make publicly available and submit to the 
            Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives 
            and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry 
            of the Senate a report describing the results of the 
            review.
                ``(ii) Recommendations.--The report under clause (i) 
            shall include recommendations to increase participation in 
            States and among underserved producers that are not 
            adequately served by the policies and plans of insurance, 
            including any plans for administrative action or 
            recommendations for Congressional action.''.
SEC. 11109. TREATMENT OF FORAGE AND GRAZING.
    (a) Availability of Catastrophic Risk Protection for Crops and 
Grasses Used for Grazing.--Section 508(b)(1) of the Federal Crop 
Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 1508(b)(1)) is amended--
        (1) by striking ``(A) In general.--Except as provided in 
    subparagraph (B), the'' and inserting ``The''; and
        (2) by striking subparagraph (B).
    (b) Coverage for Forage and Grazing.--The Federal Crop Insurance 
Act is amended by inserting after section 508C (7 U.S.C. 1508c) the 
following new section:
``SEC. 508D. COVERAGE FOR FORAGE AND GRAZING.
    ``Notwithstanding section 508A, and in addition to any other 
available coverage, for crops that can be both grazed and mechanically 
harvested on the same acres during the same growing season, producers 
shall be allowed to purchase separate policies for each intended use, 
as determined by the Corporation, and any indemnity paid under those 
policies for each intended use shall not be considered to be for the 
same loss for the purposes of section 508(n).''.
SEC. 11110. ADMINISTRATIVE BASIC FEE.
    Section 508(b)(5)(A) of the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 
1508(b)(5)(A)) is amended by striking ``$300'' and inserting ``$655''.
SEC. 11111. ENTERPRISE UNITS.
    Section 508(e)(5) of the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 
1508(e)(5)) is amended by adding at the end the following:
            ``(E) Enterprise units across county lines.--The 
        Corporation may allow a producer to establish a single 
        enterprise unit by combining an enterprise unit with--
                ``(i) 1 or more other enterprise units in 1 or more 
            other counties; or
                ``(ii) all basic units and all optional units in 1 or 
            more other counties.''.
SEC. 11112. CONTINUED AUTHORITY.
    Section 508(g) of the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 1508(g)) 
is amended by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
        ``(6) Continued authority.--
            ``(A) In general.--The Corporation shall establish--
                ``(i) underwriting rules that limit the decrease in the 
            actual production history of a producer, at the election of 
            the producer, to not more than 10 percent of the actual 
            production history of the previous crop year provided that 
            the production decline was the result of drought, flood, 
            natural disaster, or other insurable loss (as determined by 
            the Corporation); and
                ``(ii) actuarially sound premiums to cover additional 
            risk.
            ``(B) Other authority.--The authority provided under 
        subparagraph (A) is in addition to any other authority that 
        adjusts the actual production history of the producer under 
        this Act.
            ``(C) Effect.--Nothing in this paragraph shall be construed 
        to require a change in the administration of any provision of 
        this Act as the Act was administered for the 2018 reinsurance 
        year.''.
SEC. 11113. SUBMISSION OF POLICIES AND MATERIALS TO BOARD.
    Section 508(h) of the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 1508(h)) 
is amended--
        (1) in paragraph (1)(B)--
            (A) by redesignating clauses (i) through (iii) as 
        subclauses (I) through (III), respectively, and indenting 
        appropriately;
            (B) in the matter preceding subclause (I) (as so 
        redesignated), by striking ``The Corporation shall'' and 
        inserting the following:
                ``(i) In general.--The Corporation shall'';
            (C) in clause (i)(I) (as so redesignated), by inserting 
        ``subject to clause (ii),'' before ``will likely''; and
            (D) by adding at the end the following:
                ``(ii) Waiver for hemp.--The Corporation may waive the 
            viability and marketability requirement under clause (i)(I) 
            in the case of a policy or pilot program relating to the 
            production of hemp.''; and
        (2) in paragraph (3)(C)--
            (A) in clause (ii), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (B) in clause (iii), by striking the period at the end and 
        inserting ``; and''; and
            (C) by adding at the end the following:
                ``(iv) in the case of reviewing policies and other 
            materials relating to the production of hemp, may waive the 
            viability and marketability requirement under subparagraph 
            (A)(ii)(I).''.
SEC. 11114. CROP PRODUCTION ON NATIVE SOD.
    Section 508(o)(2)(A) of the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 
1508(o)(2)(A)) is amended--
        (1) by striking ``During the'' and inserting the following:
                ``(i) First 4 crop years.--During the'';
        (2) in clause (i) (as so designated), by striking ``after the 
    date of enactment of the Agricultural Act of 2014'' and inserting 
    ``beginning on February 8, 2014, and ending on the date of 
    enactment of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018''; and
        (3) by adding at the end the following:
                ``(ii) Subsequent crop years.--Native sod acreage that 
            has been tilled for the production of an insurable crop 
            after the date of enactment of the Agriculture Improvement 
            Act of 2018 shall be subject to a reduction in benefits 
            under this subtitle as described in this paragraph for not 
            more than 4 cumulative years--

                    ``(I) during the first 10 years after initial 
                tillage; and
                    ``(II) during each of which a crop on that acreage 
                is insured under subsection (c).''.

SEC. 11115. USE OF NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS SERVICE DATA TO 
COMBAT WASTE, FRAUD, AND ABUSE.
    Section 515 of the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 1515) is 
amended--
        (1) in subsection (d)(1)--
            (A) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (B) in subparagraph (C), by striking the period at the end 
        and inserting ``; and''; and
            (C) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(D) using published aggregate data from the National 
        Agricultural Statistics Service or any other data source to--
                ``(i) detect yield disparities or other data anomalies 
            that indicate potential fraud; and
                ``(ii) target the relevant counties, crops, regions, 
            companies, or agents associated with that potential fraud 
            for audits and other enforcement actions.''; and
        (2) in subsection (f)(2)(A), by striking ``pursuant to'' each 
    place it appears and inserting ``under''.
SEC. 11116. SUBMISSION OF INFORMATION TO CORPORATION.
    Section 515(g) of the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 1515(g)) 
is amended--
        (1) in paragraph (1), by adding at the end the following:
            ``(D) The actual production history to be used to establish 
        insurable yields.''; and
        (2) in paragraph (2)--
            (A) by striking ``The information required by paragraph 
        (1)'' and inserting the following:
            ``(A) In general.--The information required to be submitted 
        under subparagraphs (A) through (C) of paragraph (1)''; and
            (B) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(B) Actual production history.--
                ``(i) In general.--The information required to be 
            submitted under paragraph (1)(D) with respect to an 
            applicable policy or plan of insurance for a covered 
            commodity (as defined in section 1111 of the Agricultural 
            Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9011)) shall be submitted so as to 
            ensure receipt by the Corporation not later than the 
            Saturday of the week containing the calendar day that is 30 
            days after the applicable production reporting date for the 
            crop to be insured.
                ``(ii) Correction of errors.--Nothing in clause (i) 
            limits the ability of an approved insurance provider to 
            correct any error in the information submitted under 
            paragraph (1)(D) after receipt of the information by the 
            Corporation in accordance with clause (i).''.
SEC. 11117. CONTINUING EDUCATION FOR LOSS ADJUSTERS AND AGENTS.
    Section 515 of the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 1515) is 
amended--
        (1) by redesignating subsection (k) as subsection (l); and
        (2) by inserting after subsection (j) the following:
    ``(k) Continuing Education for Loss Adjusters and Agents.--
        ``(1) In general.--The Corporation shall establish requirements 
    for continuing education for loss adjusters and agents of approved 
    insurance providers.
        ``(2) Requirements.--The requirements for continuing education 
    described in paragraph (1) shall ensure that loss adjusters and 
    agents of approved insurance providers are familiar with--
            ``(A) the policies and plans of insurance available under 
        this Act, including the regulations promulgated to carry out 
        this Act;
            ``(B) efforts to promote program integrity through the 
        elimination of waste, fraud, and abuse; and
            ``(C) other aspects of adjusting, delivering, and servicing 
        policies and plans of insurance by adjustors and agents, as 
        determined by the Secretary, including conservation activities 
        and agronomic practices (including organic and sustainable 
        practices) that are common and appropriate to the area in which 
        the insured crop being inspected is produced.''.
SEC. 11118. PROGRAM ADMINISTRATION.
    Section 516(b)(2)(C)(i) of the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 
1516(b)(2)(C)(i)) is amended by striking ``$9,000,000'' and inserting 
``$7,000,000''.
SEC. 11119. AGRICULTURAL COMMODITY.
    Section 518 of the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 1518) is 
amended by inserting ``hemp,'' before ``aquacultural species''.
SEC. 11120. MAINTENANCE OF POLICIES.
    (a) In General.--Section 522(b) of the Federal Crop Insurance Act 
(7 U.S.C. 1522(b)) is amended--
        (1) in paragraph (1), by amending subparagraph (B) to read as 
    follows:
            ``(B) Reimbursement.--
                ``(i) In general.--An applicant who submits a policy 
            under section 508(h) shall be eligible for the 
            reimbursement of reasonable research and development costs 
            if the policy is approved by the Board for sale to 
            producers.
                ``(ii) Reasonable costs.--For the purpose of 
            reimbursing research and development and maintenance costs 
            under this section, costs of the applicant shall be 
            considered reasonable costs if the costs are based on--

                    ``(I) for any employees or contracted personnel, 
                wage rates equal to not more than 2 times the hourly 
                wage rate plus benefits, as provided by the Bureau of 
                Labor Statistics for the year in which such costs are 
                incurred, calculated using the formula applied to an 
                applicant by the Corporation in reviewing proposed 
                project budgets under this section on October 1, 2016; 
                and
                    ``(II) other actual documented costs incurred by 
                the applicant.''; and

        (2) in paragraph (4)--
            (A) in subparagraph (C), by striking ``approved insurance 
        provider'' and inserting ``applicant''; and
            (B) in subparagraph (D)--
                (i) in clause (i), by striking ``determined by the 
            approved insurance provider'' and inserting ``determined by 
            the applicant''; and
                (ii) by adding at the end the following:
                ``(iii) Review.--After the Board approves the amount of 
            a fee under clause (ii), the fee shall remain in effect and 
            not be reviewed by the Board unless--

                    ``(I) the applicant petitions the Board for 
                reconsideration of the fee;
                    ``(II) a substantial change is made to the policy, 
                as determined by the Board; or
                    ``(III) there is substantial evidence that the fee 
                is inhibiting sales or use of the policy, as determined 
                by the Board.''.

    (b) Applicability.--
        (1) In general.--The amendments made by this section shall 
    apply to reimbursement requests made on or after October 1, 2016.
        (2) Resubmission of denied request.--An applicant that was 
    denied all or a portion of a reimbursement request under paragraph 
    (1) of section 522(b) of the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 
    1522(b)) during the period between October 1, 2016, and the date of 
    the enactment of this Act shall be given an opportunity to resubmit 
    such request.
SEC. 11121. REIMBURSEMENT OF RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT, AND MAINTENANCE 
COSTS.
    Section 522(b) of the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 1522(b)) 
is amended--
        (1) in paragraph (2), by adding at the end the following:
            ``(K) Waiver for hemp.--The Board may waive the viability 
        and marketability requirements under this paragraph in the case 
        of research and development relating to a policy to insure the 
        production of hemp.''; and
        (2) in paragraph (3)--
            (A) by striking ``The Corporation'' and inserting the 
        following:
            ``(A) In general.--Subject to subparagraph (B), the 
        Corporation''; and
            (B) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(B) Waiver for hemp.--The Corporation may waive the 
        marketability requirement under subparagraph (A) in the case of 
        research and development relating to a policy to insure the 
        production of hemp.''.
SEC. 11122. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY.
    Section 522(c) of the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 1522(c)) 
is amended--
        (1) by striking paragraphs (7) through (18) and (20) through 
    (23);
        (2) by redesignating paragraphs (19) and (24) as paragraphs (7) 
    and (8), respectively;
        (3) in paragraph (7) (as so redesignated) (entitled ``Whole 
    farm diversified risk management insurance plan''), by adding at 
    the end the following:
            ``(E) Review of modifications to improve effectiveness.--
                ``(i) In general.--Not later than 18 months after the 
            date of enactment of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 
            2018--

                    ``(I) the Corporation shall hold stakeholder 
                meetings to solicit producer and agent feedback; and
                    ``(II) the Board shall--

                        ``(aa) review procedures and paperwork 
                    requirements on agents and producers; and
                        ``(bb) modify procedures and requirements, as 
                    appropriate, to decrease burdens and increase 
                    flexibility and effectiveness.
                ``(ii) Factors.--In carrying out items (aa) and (bb) of 
            subclause (i)(II), the Board shall consider--

                    ``(I) removing caps on nursery and livestock 
                production;
                    ``(II) allowing a waiver to expand operations, 
                especially for small and beginning farmers;
                    ``(III) minimizing paperwork for producers and 
                agents;
                    ``(IV) implementing an option for producers with 
                less than $1,000,000 in gross revenue that requires 
                significantly less paperwork and recordkeeping;
                    ``(V) developing and using alternative records such 
                as time-stamped photographs or technology applications 
                to document planting and production history;
                    ``(VI) treating the different growth stages of 
                aquaculture species as separate crops to recognize the 
                difference in perils at different phases of growth;
                    ``(VII) moderating the impacts of disaster years on 
                historic revenue, such as--

                        ``(aa) using an average of the historic and 
                    projected revenue;
                        ``(bb) counting indemnities as historic revenue 
                    for loss years;
                        ``(cc) counting payments under section 196 of 
                    the Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act 
                    of 1996 (7 U.S.C. 7333) as historic revenue for 
                    loss years; or
                        ``(dd) using an assigned yield floor similar to 
                    the limitation described in section 
                    508(g)(6)(A)(i), as determined by the Secretary;

                    ``(VIII) improving agent training and outreach to 
                underserved regions and sectors such as small dairy 
                farms; and
                    ``(IX) providing coverage and indemnification of 
                insurable losses--

                        ``(aa) after the losses exceed the deductible; 
                    and
                        ``(bb) up to the maximum amount of total 
                    coverage.
            ``(F) Beginning farmer or rancher defined.--Notwithstanding 
        section 502(b)(3), with respect to plans described under this 
        paragraph, the term `beginning farmer or rancher' means a 
        farmer or rancher who has not actively operated and managed a 
        farm or ranch with a bona fide insurable interest in a crop or 
        livestock as an owner-operator, landlord, tenant, or 
        sharecropper for more than 10 crop years.''; and
        (4) by inserting after paragraph (8) (as so redesignated) the 
    following:
        ``(9) Tropical storm or hurricane insurance.--
            ``(A) In general.--The Corporation shall carry out research 
        and development, or offer to enter into 1 or more contracts 
        with 1 or more qualified persons to carry out research and 
        development, regarding a policy to insure crops (including 
        tomatoes, peppers, and citrus) against losses due to a tropical 
        storm or hurricane.
            ``(B) Research and development.--Research and development 
        under subparagraph (A) shall--
                ``(i) evaluate the effectiveness of risk management 
            tools for a low frequency and catastrophic loss weather 
            event; and
                ``(ii) result in a policy that provides protection for 
            at least 1 of the following:

                    ``(I) Production loss.
                    ``(II) Revenue loss.

            ``(C) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
        enactment of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018, the 
        Corporation shall submit to the Committee on Agriculture of the 
        House of Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, 
        Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report that describes--
                ``(i) the results of the research and development 
            carried out under this paragraph; and
                ``(ii) any recommendations with respect to those 
            results.
        ``(10) Quality loss.--
            ``(A) In general.--The Corporation shall carry out research 
        and development, or offer to enter into 1 or more contracts 
        with 1 or more qualified persons to carry out research and 
        development, regarding the establishment of each of the 
        following alternative methods of adjusting for quality losses:
                ``(i) A method that does not impact the actual 
            production history of a producer.
                ``(ii) A method that provides that, in circumstances in 
            which a producer has suffered a quality loss to the insured 
            crop of the producer that is insufficient to trigger an 
            indemnity payment, the producer may elect to exclude that 
            quality loss from the actual production history of the 
            producer.
                ``(iii) 1 or more methods that combine the methods 
            described in clauses (i) and (ii).
            ``(B) Requirements.--Notwithstanding subsections (g) and 
        (m) of section 508, any method developed under subparagraph (A) 
        that is used by the Corporation shall be--
                ``(i) optional for a producer to use; and
                ``(ii) offered at an actuarially sound premium rate.
            ``(C) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
        enactment of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018, the 
        Corporation shall submit to the Committee on Agriculture of the 
        House of Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, 
        Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report that describes--
                ``(i) the results of the research and development 
            carried out under subparagraph (A); and
                ``(ii) any recommendations with respect to those 
            results.
        ``(11) Citrus.--
            ``(A) In general.--The Corporation shall carry out research 
        and development, or offer to enter into 1 or more contracts 
        with 1 or more qualified persons to carry out research and 
        development, regarding the insurance of citrus fruit 
        commodities and commodity types, including research and 
        development of--
                ``(i) improvements to 1 or more existing policies, 
            including the whole-farm revenue protection pilot policy;
                ``(ii) alternative methods of insuring revenue for 
            citrus fruit commodities and commodity types; and
                ``(iii) the development of new, or expansion of 
            existing, revenue policies for citrus fruit commodities and 
            commodity types.
            ``(B) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
        enactment of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018, the 
        Corporation shall submit to the Committee on Agriculture of the 
        House of Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, 
        Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report that describes--
                ``(i) the results of the research and development 
            carried out under subparagraph (A); and
                ``(ii) any recommendations with respect to those 
            results.
        ``(12) Hops.--
            ``(A) In general.--The Corporation shall carry out research 
        and development, or offer to enter into 1 or more contracts 
        with 1 or more qualified persons to carry out research and 
        development, regarding a policy to insure the production of 
        hops or revenue derived from the production of hops.
            ``(B) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
        enactment of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018, the 
        Corporation shall submit to the Committee on Agriculture of the 
        House of Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, 
        Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report that describes--
                ``(i) the results of the research and development 
            carried out under subparagraph (A); and
                ``(ii) any recommendations with respect to those 
            results.
        ``(13) Subsurface irrigation practices.--
            ``(A) In general.--The Corporation shall carry out research 
        and development, or offer to enter into 1 or more contracts 
        with 1 or more qualified persons to carry out research and 
        development, regarding the creation of a separate practice for 
        subsurface irrigation, including the establishment of a 
        separate transitional yield within a county that is reflective 
        of the average gain in productivity and yield associated with 
        the installation of a subsurface irrigation system.
            ``(B) Report.--Not later than 18 months after the date of 
        enactment of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018, the 
        Corporation shall submit to the Committee on Agriculture of the 
        House of Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, 
        Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report that describes--
                ``(i) the results of the research and development 
            carried out under subparagraph (A); and
                ``(ii) any recommendations with respect to those 
            results.
        ``(14) Grain sorghum.--
            ``(A) In general.--The Corporation shall carry out research 
        and development, or offer to enter into 1 or more contracts 
        with 1 or more qualified persons to carry out research and 
        development--
                ``(i) regarding improvements to 1 or more policies to 
            insure irrigated grain sorghum;
                ``(ii) regarding alternative methods for producers with 
            not more than 4 years of production history to insure 
            irrigated grain sorghum; and
                ``(iii) to assess, by county, the difference in the 
            rate, average yield, and coverage level of grain sorghum 
            policies compared to policies for other feed grains in that 
            county.
            ``(B) Report.--Not later than 18 months after the date of 
        enactment of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018, the 
        Corporation shall submit to the Committee on Agriculture of the 
        House of Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, 
        Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report that describes--
                ``(i) the results of the research and development 
            carried out under subparagraph (A); and
                ``(ii) any recommendations with respect to those 
            results.
        ``(15) Limited irrigation practices.--
            ``(A) Authority.--The Corporation shall--
                ``(i) consider expanding the availability of the 
            limited irrigation insurance program to neighboring and 
            similarly situated States (such as the States of Colorado 
            and Nebraska), as determined by the Secretary;
                ``(ii) carry out research, or offer to enter into 1 or 
            more contracts with 1 or more qualified persons to carry 
            out research, on the marketability of the existing limited 
            irrigation insurance program; and
                ``(iii) make recommendations on how to improve 
            participation in that program.
            ``(B) Research.--In carrying out research under 
        subparagraph (A), a qualified person shall--
                ``(i) collaborate with researchers on the subjects of--

                    ``(I) reduced irrigation practices or limited 
                irrigation practices; and
                    ``(II) expected yield reductions following the 
                application of reduced irrigation;

                ``(ii) collaborate with State and Federal officials 
            responsible for the collection of water and the regulation 
            of water use for the purpose of irrigation;
                ``(iii) provide recommendations to encourage producers 
            to carry out limited irrigation practices or reduced 
            irrigation and water conservation practices; and
                ``(iv) develop web-based applications that will 
            streamline access to coverage for producers electing to 
            conserve water use on irrigated crops.
            ``(C) Report.--Not later than 18 months after the date of 
        enactment of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018, the 
        Corporation shall submit to the Committee on Agriculture of the 
        House of Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, 
        Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report that describes--
                ``(i) the results of the research carried out under 
            subparagraphs (A) and (B);
                ``(ii) any recommendations to encourage producers to 
            carry out limited irrigation practices or reduced 
            irrigation and water conservation practices; and
                ``(iii) the actions taken by the Corporation to carry 
            out the recommendations described in clause (ii).
        ``(16) Insurable irrigation practices for rice.--
            ``(A) In general.--The Corporation shall carry out research 
        and development, or offer to enter into 1 or more contracts 
        with 1 or more qualified persons to carry out research and 
        development, to include new and innovative irrigation practices 
        under the current rice policy or the development of a distinct 
        policy endorsement rated for rice produced using--
                ``(i) alternate wetting and drying practices (also 
            referred to as `intermittent flooding'); and
                ``(ii) furrow irrigation practices.
            ``(B) Report.--Not later than 18 months after the date of 
        enactment of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018, the 
        Corporation shall submit to the Committee on Agriculture of the 
        House of Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, 
        Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report that describes--
                ``(i) the results of the research and development 
            carried out under paragraph (1); and
                ``(ii) any recommendations with respect to those 
            results.
        ``(17) Greenhouse policy.--
            ``(A) In general.--
                ``(i) Research and development.--The Corporation shall 
            carry out research and development, or offer to enter into 
            1 or more contracts with 1 or more qualified persons to 
            carry out research and development, regarding a policy to 
            insure in a controlled environment such as a greenhouse--

                    ``(I) the production of floriculture, nursery, and 
                bedding plants;
                    ``(II) the establishment of cuttings or tissue 
                culture in a growing medium; or
                    ``(III) other similar production, as determined by 
                the Secretary.

                ``(ii) Availability of policy.--Notwithstanding the 
            last sentence of section 508(a)(1), and section 508(a)(2), 
            the Corporation shall make a policy described in clause (i) 
            available if the requirements of section 508(h) are met.
            ``(B) Research and development described.--Research and 
        development described in subparagraph (A)(i) shall evaluate the 
        effectiveness of policies for the production of plants in a 
        controlled environment, including policies that--
                ``(i) are based on the risk of--

                    ``(I) plant diseases introduced from the 
                environment;
                    ``(II) contaminated cuttings, seedlings, or tissue 
                culture; or
                    ``(III) Federal or State quarantine or destruction 
                orders associated with the contaminated items described 
                in subclause (II);

                ``(ii) consider other causes of loss applicable to a 
            controlled environment, such as a loss of electricity due 
            to weather;
                ``(iii) consider appropriate best practices to minimize 
            the risk of loss;
                ``(iv) consider whether to provide coverage for various 
            types of plants under 1 policy or to provide coverage for 1 
            species or type of plant per policy;
                ``(v) have streamlined reporting and paperwork 
            requirements that take into account short propagation 
            schedules, variable crop years, and the variety of plants 
            that may be produced in a single facility; and
                ``(vi) provide protection for revenue losses.
            ``(C) Report.--Not later than 2 years after the date of 
        enactment of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018, the 
        Corporation shall submit to the Committee on Agriculture of the 
        House of Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, 
        Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report that describes--
                ``(i) the results of the research and development 
            carried out under subparagraphs (A)(i) and (B); and
                ``(ii) any recommendations with respect to those 
            results.
        ``(18) Local foods.--
            ``(A) In general.--
                ``(i) Feasibility study.--The Corporation shall carry 
            out a study to determine the feasibility of, or offer to 
            enter into 1 or more contracts with 1 or more qualified 
            persons to carry out a study to determine the feasibility 
            of, a policy to insure production--

                    ``(I) of floriculture, fruits, vegetables, poultry, 
                livestock, or the products of floriculture, fruits, 
                vegetables, poultry, or livestock; and
                    ``(II) that is targeted toward local consumers and 
                markets.

                ``(ii) Availability of policy.--Notwithstanding the 
            last sentence of section 508(a)(1), and section 508(a)(2), 
            the Corporation shall make available a policy described in 
            clause (i) if--

                    ``(I) the results of the feasibility study under 
                clause (i) are viable; and
                    ``(II) the requirements of section 508(h) are met.

            ``(B) Feasibility study described.--The feasibility study 
        described in subparagraph (A)(i) shall evaluate the 
        effectiveness of policies for production targeted toward local 
        consumers and markets, including policies that--
                ``(i) consider small-scale production in various areas, 
            including urban, suburban, and rural areas;
                ``(ii) consider a variety of marketing strategies;
                ``(iii) allow for production in soil and in alternative 
            systems such as vertical systems, greenhouses, rooftops, or 
            hydroponic systems;
                ``(iv) consider the price premium when accounting for 
            production or revenue losses;
                ``(v) consider whether to provide coverage--

                    ``(I) for various types of production under 1 
                policy; and
                    ``(II) for 1 species or type of plant per policy; 
                and

                ``(vi) have streamlined reporting and paperwork 
            requirements.
            ``(C) Report.--Not later than 2 years after the date of 
        enactment of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018, the 
        Corporation shall submit to the Committee on Agriculture of the 
        House of Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, 
        Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report that--
                ``(i) examines whether a version of existing policies 
            such as the whole-farm revenue protection insurance plan 
            may be tailored to provide improved coverage for producers 
            of local foods;
                ``(ii) describes the results of the feasibility study 
            carried out under subparagraph (A)(i); and
                ``(iii) includes any recommendations with respect to 
            those results.
        ``(19) High-risk, highly productive batture land policy.--
            ``(A) In general.--
                ``(i) Research and development.--The Corporation shall 
            carry out research and development, or offer to enter into 
            1 or more contracts with 1 or more qualified persons to 
            carry out research and development, regarding a policy to 
            insure producers of corn, cotton, and soybeans--

                    ``(I) with operations on highly productive batture 
                land within the Lower Mississippi River Valley;
                    ``(II) that have a history of production of not 
                less than 5 years; and
                    ``(III) that have been impacted by more frequent 
                flooding over the past 10 years due to sedimentation or 
                federally constructed engineering improvements.

                ``(ii) Availability of policy.--Notwithstanding the 
            last sentence of section 508(a)(1), and section 508(a)(2), 
            the Corporation shall make a policy described in clause (i) 
            available if the requirements of section 508(h) are met.
            ``(B) Research and development described.--Research and 
        development described in subparagraph (A)(i) shall evaluate the 
        feasibility of less cost-prohibitive policies for batture-land 
        producers in high risk areas, including policies that--
                ``(i) consider premium rate adjustments;
                ``(ii) consider automatic yield exclusion for 
            consecutive-year losses; and
                ``(iii) allow for flexibility of final plant dates and 
            prevent plant regulations.
            ``(C) Report.--Not later than 2 years after the date of 
        enactment of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018, the 
        Corporation shall submit to the Committee on Agriculture of the 
        House of Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, 
        Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report that--
                ``(i) examines whether a version of existing policies 
            may be tailored to provide improved coverage for batture-
            land producers;
                ``(ii) describes the results of the research and 
            development carried out under subparagraphs (A) and (B); 
            and
                ``(iii) includes any recommendations with respect to 
            those results.''.
SEC. 11123. FUNDING FOR RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT.
    Section 522(e)(2)(A) of the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 
1522(e)(2)(A)) is amended--
        (1) by striking ``not more than $12,500,000 for fiscal year 
    2008 and each subsequent fiscal year.'' and inserting the 
    following: ``not more than--
                ``(i) $12,500,000 for each of fiscal years 2008 through 
            2018; and''; and
        (2) by adding at the end the following:
                ``(ii) $8,000,000 for fiscal year 2019 and each fiscal 
            year thereafter.''.
SEC. 11124. TECHNICAL AMENDMENT TO PILOT PROGRAMS.
    Section 523(i)(3)(A) of the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 
1523(i)(3)(A)) is amended by adding a period at the end.
SEC. 11125. EDUCATION AND RISK MANAGEMENT ASSISTANCE.
    (a) Education Assistance.--Section 524(a) of the Federal Crop 
Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 1524(a)) is amended--
        (1) in paragraph (1)--
            (A) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by striking 
        ``paragraph (5)'' and all that follows through ``the 
        Secretary'' in subparagraph (B) and inserting ``paragraph (4), 
        the Secretary''; and
            (B) by striking ``paragraph (3)'' and inserting ``paragraph 
        (2)'';
        (2) by striking paragraph (2);
        (3) by redesignating paragraphs (3) through (5) as paragraphs 
    (2) through (4), respectively;
        (4) in paragraph (2) (as so redesignated), in subparagraph 
    (A)--
            (A) by striking ``about the full range of'' and inserting 
        ``and providing technical assistance to agricultural producers 
        on a full range of farm viability and'';
            (B) by inserting ``business planning, enterprise analysis, 
        transfer and succession planning, management coaching, market 
        assessment, cash flow analysis,'' after ``insurance,''; and
            (C) by inserting ``conservation activities,'' after 
        ``benchmarking,'';
        (5) in paragraph (3) (as so redesignated)--
            (A) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A)--
                (i) by striking ``programs established under paragraphs 
            (2) and (3)'' and inserting ``program established under 
            paragraph (2)'';
                (ii) by inserting ``farm viability and'' after 
            ``emphasis on''; and
                (iii) by inserting ``, business planning and technical 
            assistance, market assessment, transfer and succession 
            planning, and crop insurance participation'' after 
            ``benchmarking'';
            (B) in subparagraph (D)(i), by striking ``and'' at the end; 
        and
            (C) by striking subparagraph (E) and inserting the 
        following:
                ``(iii) are converting production and marketing systems 
            to pursue new markets; and
            ``(E) producers that are underserved by the Federal crop 
        insurance program established under this subtitle, as 
        determined by the Corporation.''; and
        (6) in paragraph (4) (as so redesignated)--
            (A) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by striking 
        ``transferred'' and all that follows through ``for the 
        partnerships'' in subparagraph (B) and inserting ``transferred 
        for the partnerships'';
            (B) by striking ``paragraph (3), $5,000,000 for fiscal year 
        2001'' and inserting ``paragraph (2), $10,000,000 for fiscal 
        year 2019''; and
            (C) by striking the period at the end and inserting ``, of 
        which not less than $5,000,000 shall be used to carry out 
        paragraph (3)(E).''.
    (b) Conforming Amendments.--Section 251(f)(1)(D)(ii) of the 
Department of Agriculture Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 
6971(f)(1)(D)(ii)) is amended--
        (1) by striking ``section 524(a)(3)'' and inserting ``section 
    524(a)''; and
        (2) by striking ``(7 U.S.C. 1524(a)(3))'' and inserting ``(7 
    U.S.C. 1524(a))''.
SEC. 11126. REPEAL OF CROPLAND REPORT ANNUAL UPDATES.
    Section 11014 of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (Public Law 113-79; 
128 Stat. 963) is amended by striking subsection (c).

                        TITLE XII--MISCELLANEOUS
                         Subtitle A--Livestock

SEC. 12101. ANIMAL DISEASE PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT.
    (a) Definition.--Section 10403 of the Animal Health Protection Act 
(7 U.S.C. 8302) is amended by adding at the end the following:
        ``(18) Veterinary countermeasure.--The term `veterinary 
    countermeasure' means any biological product (including an animal 
    vaccine or diagnostic), pharmaceutical product (including a 
    therapeutic), non-pharmaceutical product (including a 
    disinfectant), or other product or equipment to prevent, detect, 
    respond to, or mitigate harm to public or animal health resulting 
    from, animal pests or diseases.''.
    (b) Animal Disease Preparedness and Response.--Section 10409A of 
the Animal Health Protection Act (7 U.S.C. 8308A) is amended--
        (1) by striking the section heading and inserting ``animal 
    disease prevention and management'';
        (2) in subsection (a), by striking ``(a) Definition of Eligible 
    Laboratory.--In this section,'' and inserting the following:
    ``(a) National Animal Health Laboratory Network.--
        ``(1) Definition of eligible laboratory.--In this 
    subsection,'';
        (3) in subsection (b)--
            (A) in paragraph (2), by redesignating subparagraphs (A) 
        through (E) as clauses (i) through (v), respectively, and 
        moving the margins of such clauses (as so redesignated) 2 ems 
        to the right;
            (B) by redesignating paragraphs (1) through (3) as 
        subparagraphs (A) through (C), respectively, and moving the 
        margins of such subparagraphs (as so redesignated) 2 ems to the 
        right;
        (4) by redesignating subsections (b) and (c) as paragraphs (2) 
    and (3), respectively, and moving the margins of such paragraphs 
    (as so redesignated) 2 ems to the right; and
        (5) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(b) National Animal Disease Preparedness and Response Program.--
        ``(1) Program required.--The Secretary shall establish a 
    program, to be known as the National Animal Disease Preparedness 
    and Response Program (referred to in this section as `the 
    Program'), to address the increasing risk of the introduction and 
    spread within the United States of animal pests and diseases 
    affecting the economic interests of the livestock and related 
    industries of the United States, including the maintenance and 
    expansion of export markets.
        ``(2) Program activities.--Activities under the Program shall 
    include, to the extent practicable, the following:
            ``(A) Enhancing animal pest and disease analysis and 
        surveillance.
            ``(B) Expanding outreach and education.
            ``(C) Targeting domestic inspection activities at 
        vulnerable points in the safeguarding continuum.
            ``(D) Enhancing and strengthening threat identification 
        technology.
            ``(E) Improving biosecurity.
            ``(F) Enhancing emergency preparedness and response 
        capabilities, including training additional emergency response 
        personnel.
            ``(G) Conducting technology development to enhance 
        electronic sharing of animal health data for risk analysis 
        between State and Federal animal health officials.
            ``(H) Enhancing the development and effectiveness of animal 
        health technologies to treat and prevent animal disease, 
        including--
                ``(i) veterinary biologics and diagnostics;
                ``(ii) animal drugs for minor uses and minor species;
                ``(iii) animal medical devices; and
                ``(iv) emerging veterinary countermeasures.
            ``(I) Such other activities as determined appropriate by 
        the Secretary, in consultation with eligible entities specified 
        in paragraph (3).
        ``(3) Eligible entities.--To carry out the Program, the 
    Secretary shall offer to enter into cooperative agreements or other 
    legal instruments, as authorized under section 10413 (referred to 
    in this section as `agreements') with eligible entities, to be 
    selected by the Secretary, which may include any of the following 
    entities, either individually or in combination:
            ``(A) A State department of agriculture.
            ``(B) The office of the chief animal health official of a 
        State.
            ``(C) An entity eligible to receive funds under a capacity 
        and infrastructure program (as defined in section 251(f)(1)(C) 
        of the Department of Agriculture Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 
        U.S.C. 6971(f)(1)(C))).
            ``(D) A college of veterinary medicine, including a 
        veterinary emergency team at such college.
            ``(E) A State or national livestock producer organization 
        with direct and significant economic interest in livestock 
        production.
            ``(F) A State emergency agency.
            ``(G) A State, national, allied, or regional veterinary 
        organization or specialty board recognized by the American 
        Veterinary Medical Association.
            ``(H) An Indian Tribe.
            ``(I) A Federal agency.
        ``(4) Special funding considerations.--In entering into 
    agreements under this subsection, the Secretary shall give priority 
    to applications submitted by--
            ``(A) a State department of agriculture or an office of the 
        chief animal health official of a State; or
            ``(B) an eligible entity that will carry out program 
        activities in a State or region in which--
                ``(i) an animal pest or disease is a Federal concern; 
            or
                ``(ii) the Secretary determines a potential exists for 
            the spread of an animal pest or disease after taking into 
            consideration--

                    ``(I) the agricultural industries in the State or 
                region;
                    ``(II) factors contributing to animal pest or 
                disease in the State or region, such as the climate, 
                natural resources, and geography of, and native and 
                exotic wildlife species and other disease vectors in, 
                the State or region; and
                    ``(III) the movement of animals in the State or 
                region.

        ``(5) Consultation.--For purposes of setting priorities under 
    this subsection, the Secretary shall consult with eligible entities 
    specified in paragraph (3). The Federal Advisory Committee Act (5 
    U.S.C. App.) shall not apply to consultation carried out under this 
    paragraph.
        ``(6) Application.--
            ``(A) In general.--An eligible entity specified in 
        paragraph (3) seeking to enter into an agreement under the 
        Program shall submit to the Secretary an application containing 
        such information as the Secretary may require.
            ``(B) Notification.--The Secretary shall notify each 
        applicant of--
                ``(i) the requirements to be imposed on the eligible 
            entity that is the recipient of funds under the Program for 
            auditing of, and reporting on, the use of such funds; and
                ``(ii) the criteria to be used to ensure activities 
            supported using such funds are based on sound scientific 
            data or thorough risk assessments.
            ``(C) Non-federal contributions.--When deciding whether to 
        enter into an agreement under the Program with an eligible 
        entity described in paragraph (3), the Secretary--
                ``(i) may take into consideration an eligible entity's 
            ability to contribute non-Federal funds to carry out such 
            an agreement; and
                ``(ii) shall not require such an eligible entity to 
            make such a contribution as a condition to enter into an 
            agreement.
        ``(7) Use of funds.--
            ``(A) Use consistent with terms of cooperative agreement.--
        The recipient of funds under the Program shall use the funds 
        for the purposes and in the manner provided in the agreement 
        under which the funds are provided.
            ``(B) Sub-agreement.--Nothing in this section prevents an 
        eligible entity from using funds received under the Program to 
        enter into sub-agreements with another eligible entity or with 
        a political subdivision of a State that has legal 
        responsibilities relating to animal disease prevention, 
        surveillance, or rapid response.
        ``(8) Reporting requirement.--Not later than 90 days after the 
    date of completion of an activity conducted using funds provided 
    under the Program, the recipient of such funds shall submit to the 
    Secretary a report that describes the purposes and results of the 
    activities.''.
    (c) National Animal Vaccine and Veterinary Countermeasures Bank.--
Section 10409A of the Animal Health Protection Act (7 U.S.C. 8308A), as 
amended by subsection (b), is further amended by inserting after 
subsection (b) (as added by subsection (b)(5) of this section) the 
following:
    ``(c) National Animal Vaccine Bank.--
        ``(1) Establishment.--The Secretary shall establish a national 
    animal vaccine and veterinary countermeasures bank (to be known as 
    the National Animal Vaccine and Veterinary Countermeasures Bank and 
    referred to in this subsection as the `Vaccine Bank') to benefit 
    the domestic interests of the United States.
        ``(2) Elements of vaccine bank.--Through the Vaccine Bank, the 
    Secretary shall--
            ``(A) maintain sufficient quantities of veterinary 
        countermeasures to appropriately and rapidly respond to the 
        most damaging animal diseases affecting or with potential to 
        affect human health or the economy of the United States; and
            ``(B) leverage, when appropriate, the mechanisms and 
        infrastructure that have been developed for the management, 
        storage, and distribution of the National Veterinary Stockpile.
        ``(3) Priority for response to foot and mouth disease.--The 
    Secretary shall prioritize the acquisition and maintenance of 
    sufficient quantities of foot and mouth disease vaccine and 
    accompanying diagnostic products for the Vaccine Bank. As part of 
    such prioritization, the Secretary may offer to enter into one or 
    more contracts with one or more entities that are capable of 
    producing foot and mouth disease vaccine and that have surge 
    production capacity of the vaccine.''.
    (d) Funding.--Section 10409A of the Animal Health Protection Act (7 
U.S.C. 8308A), as amended by subsections (b) and (c), is further 
amended by striking subsection (d) and inserting the following:
    ``(d) Funding.--
        ``(1) Mandatory funding.--
            ``(A) Fiscal years 2019 through 2022.--Of the funds of the 
        Commodity Credit Corporation, the Secretary shall make 
        available to carry out this section $120,000,000 for the period 
        of fiscal years 2019 through 2022, of which not less than 
        $5,000,000 shall be made available for each of those fiscal 
        years to carry out subsection (b).
            ``(B) Subsequent fiscal years.--Of the funds of the 
        Commodity Credit Corporation, the Secretary shall make 
        available to carry out this section $30,000,000 for fiscal year 
        2023 and each fiscal year thereafter, of which not less than 
        $18,000,000 shall be made available for each of those fiscal 
        years to carry out subsection (b).
        ``(2) Authorization of appropriations.--
            ``(A) National animal health laboratory network.--In 
        addition to the funds made available under paragraph (1), there 
        is authorized to be appropriated $30,000,000 for each of fiscal 
        years 2019 through 2023 to carry out subsection (a).
            ``(B) National animal disease preparedness and response 
        program; national animal vaccine and veterinary countermeasures 
        bank.--In addition to the funds made available under paragraph 
        (1), there is authorized to be appropriated such sums as are 
        necessary for each of fiscal years 2019 through 2023 to carry 
        out subsections (b) and (c).
            ``(C) Additionality.--The funds authorized for 
        appropriation under this paragraph are in addition to any funds 
        authorized or otherwise made available under this section or 
        section 10417.
        ``(3) Administrative costs.--
            ``(A) Secretary.--Of the funds made available under this 
        section or section 10417 to carry out the National Animal 
        Health Laboratory Network under subsection (a) and the National 
        Animal Disease Preparedness and Response Program under 
        subsection (b), not more than 4 percent may be retained by the 
        Secretary to pay administrative costs incurred by the 
        Secretary.
            ``(B) Eligible entities.--Of the funds made available under 
        this section or section 10417 to carry out the National Animal 
        Disease Preparedness and Response Program under subsection (b), 
        not more than 10 percent may be retained by an eligible entity 
        that receives funds under any agreement entered into under such 
        subsection, including any sub-agreement under paragraph (7)(B) 
        of such subsection to pay administrative costs incurred by the 
        eligible entity to carry out activities under the Program.
        ``(4) Duration of availability.--Funds made available under 
    this subsection, including any proceeds credited under paragraph 
    (5), shall remain available until expended.
        ``(5) Proceeds from veterinary countermeasures sales.--Any 
    proceeds of a sale of veterinary countermeasures from the Vaccine 
    Bank shall be--
            ``(A) deposited into the Treasury of the United States; and
            ``(B) credited to the account for the operation of the 
        Vaccine Bank to be made available for expenditure without 
        further appropriation.
        ``(6) Limitations on use of funds for certain purposes.--Funds 
    made available under the National Animal Health Laboratory Network, 
    the National Animal Disease Preparedness and Response Program, and 
    the Vaccine Bank shall not be used for the construction of a new 
    building or facility or the acquisition or expansion of an existing 
    building or facility, including site grading and improvement and 
    architect fees.
    ``(e) Availability and Purpose of Funding.--
        ``(1) In general.--Using the funds made available under 
    subsection (d), the Secretary of Agriculture shall offer to enter 
    into contracts, grants, cooperative agreements, or other legal 
    instruments under subsections (a) through (c) during each of the 
    fiscal years 2019 through 2023.
        ``(2) Effect.--Nothing in paragraph (1) shall be construed to 
    terminate a contract, grant, cooperative agreement, or other legal 
    instrument entered into during the period specified in such 
    paragraph.''.
SEC. 12102. SHEEP PRODUCTION AND MARKETING GRANT PROGRAM.
    Section 209(c) of the Agricultural Marketing Act of 1946 (7 U.S.C. 
1627a(c)) is amended by striking ``$1,500,000 for fiscal year 2014'' 
and inserting ``$2,000,000 for fiscal year 2019''.
SEC. 12103. FEASIBILITY STUDY ON LIVESTOCK DEALER STATUTORY TRUST.
    (a) In General.--The Secretary shall conduct a study to determine 
the feasibility of establishing a livestock dealer statutory trust.
    (b) Contents.--The study conducted under subsection (a) shall--
        (1) analyze how the establishment of a livestock dealer 
    statutory trust would affect buyer and seller behavior in markets 
    for livestock (as defined in section 2(a) of the Packers and 
    Stockyards Act, 1921 (7 U.S.C. 182));
        (2) examine how the establishment of a livestock dealer 
    statutory trust would affect seller recovery in the event of a 
    livestock dealer payment default;
        (3) consider what potential effects a livestock dealer 
    statutory trust would have on credit availability, including 
    impacts on lenders and lending behavior and other industry 
    participants;
        (4) examine unique circumstances common to livestock dealers 
    and how those circumstances could impact the functionality of a 
    livestock dealer statutory trust;
        (5) study the feasibility of the industry-wide adoption of 
    electronic funds transfer or another expeditious method of payment 
    to provide sellers of livestock protection from nonsufficient funds 
    payments;
        (6) assess the effectiveness of statutory trusts in other 
    segments of agriculture, whether similar effects could be 
    experienced under a livestock dealer statutory trust, and whether 
    authorizing the Secretary to appoint an independent trustee under 
    the livestock dealer statutory trust would improve seller recovery;
        (7) consider the effects of exempting dealers with average 
    annual purchases under a de minimis threshold from being subject to 
    the livestock dealer statutory trust; and
        (8) analyze how the establishment of a livestock dealer 
    statutory trust would affect the treatment of sellers of livestock 
    as it relates to preferential transfer in bankruptcy.
    (c) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of 
this Act, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Agriculture of 
the House of Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, 
Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report describing the findings 
of the study conducted under subsection (a).
SEC. 12104. DEFINITION OF LIVESTOCK.
    Section 602(2) of the Emergency Livestock Feed Assistance Act of 
1988 (7 U.S.C. 1471(2)) is amended in the matter preceding subparagraph 
(A) by striking ``fish'' and all that follows through ``that--'' and 
inserting ``llamas, alpacas, live fish, crawfish, and other animals 
that--''.
SEC. 12105. NATIONAL AQUATIC ANIMAL HEALTH PLAN.
    Section 11013 of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008 (7 
U.S.C. 8322) is amended--
        (1) by striking subsection (d); and
        (2) by redesignating subsection (e) as subsection (d).
SEC. 12106. VETERINARY TRAINING.
    Section 10504 of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 
(7 U.S.C. 8318) is amended--
        (1) by inserting ``and veterinary teams, including those based 
    at colleges of veterinary medicine,'' after ``veterinarians''; and
        (2) by inserting before the period at the end the following: 
    ``and who are capable of providing effective services before, 
    during, and after emergencies''.
SEC. 12107. REPORT ON FSIS GUIDANCE AND OUTREACH TO SMALL MEAT 
PROCESSORS.
    (a) In General.--The Secretary shall offer to enter into a contract 
with a land-grant college or university or a non-land-grant college of 
agriculture (as those terms are defined in section 1404 of the National 
Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 
U.S.C. 3101)) to review the effectiveness of existing Food Safety and 
Inspection Service guidance materials and other tools used by small and 
very small establishments, as defined by regulations issued by the Food 
Safety and Inspection Service, operating under Federal inspection, as 
in effect on the date of enactment of this Act, including--
        (1) the effectiveness of the outreach conducted by the Food 
    Safety and Inspection Service to small and very small 
    establishments;
        (2) the effectiveness of the guidance materials and other tools 
    used by the Food Safety and Inspection Service to assist small and 
    very small establishments; and
        (3) the responsiveness of Food Safety and Inspection Service 
    personnel to inquiries and issues from small and very small 
    establishments.
    (b) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment 
of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Agriculture 
of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, 
Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report that describes--
        (1) the results of the review conducted under subsection (a); 
    and
        (2) recommendations on measures the Food Safety and Inspection 
    Service should take to improve regulatory clarity and consistency 
    and ensure all guidance materials and other tools take into account 
    small and very small establishments.
SEC. 12108. REGIONAL CATTLE AND CARCASS GRADING CORRELATION AND 
TRAINING CENTERS.
    (a) In General.--The Secretary shall establish not more than 3 
regional centers, to be known as Cattle and Carcass Grading Correlation 
and Training Centers (referred to in this section as the ``Centers''), 
to provide education and training for cattle and carcass beef graders 
of the Agricultural Marketing Service, cattle producers, and other 
professionals involved in the reporting, delivery, and grading of 
feeder cattle, live cattle, and carcasses--
        (1) to limit the subjectivity in the application of beef 
    grading standards;
        (2) to provide producers with greater confidence in the price 
    of the producers' cattle; and
        (3) to provide investors with both long and short positions 
    more assurance in the cattle delivery system.
    (b) Location.--The Centers shall be located near cattle feeding and 
slaughter populations and areas shall be strategically identified in 
order to capture regional variances in cattle production.
    (c) Administration.--Each Center shall be organized and 
administered by offices of the Department of Agriculture in operation 
on the date on which the respective Center is established, or in 
coordination with other appropriate Federal agencies or academic 
institutions.
    (d) Training Program.--The Centers shall offer intensive 
instructional programs involving classroom and field training work for 
individuals described in subsection (a).
    (e) Coordination of Resources.--Each Center, in carrying out the 
functions of the Center, shall make use of information generated by the 
Department of Agriculture, the State agricultural extension and 
research stations, relevant designated contract markets, and the 
practical experience of area cattle producers, especially cattle 
producers cooperating in on-farm demonstrations, correlations, and 
research projects.
    (f) Prohibition on Construction.--Funds made available to carry out 
this section shall not be used for the construction of a new building 
or facility or the acquisition, expansion, remodeling, or alteration of 
an existing building or facility (including site grading and 
improvement, and architect fees). Notwithstanding the preceding 
sentence, the Secretary may use funds made available to carry out this 
section to provide a Center with payment for the cost of the rental of 
a space determined to be necessary by the Center for conducting 
training under this section and may accept donations (including in-kind 
contributions) to cover such cost.

                Subtitle B--Agriculture and Food Defense

SEC. 12201. REPEAL OF OFFICE OF HOMELAND SECURITY.
    Section 14111 of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008 (7 
U.S.C. 8911) is repealed.
SEC. 12202. OFFICE OF HOMELAND SECURITY.
    Subtitle A of the Department of Agriculture Reorganization Act of 
1994 (7 U.S.C. 6911 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the 
following:
    ``SEC. 221. OFFICE OF HOMELAND SECURITY.
    ``(a) Definition of Agriculture and Food Defense.--In this section, 
the term `agriculture and food defense' means any action to prevent, 
protect against, mitigate the effects of, respond to, or recover from a 
naturally occurring, unintentional, or intentional threat to the 
agriculture and food system.
    ``(b) Authorization.--The Secretary shall establish in the 
Department the Office of Homeland Security.
    ``(c) Executive Director.--The Office of Homeland Security shall be 
headed by an Executive Director, who shall be known as the Executive 
Director of Homeland Security.
    ``(d) Duties.--The Executive Director of Homeland Security shall--
        ``(1) serve as the principal advisor to the Secretary on 
    homeland security, including emergency management and agriculture 
    and food defense;
        ``(2) coordinate activities of the Department, including 
    policies, processes, budget needs, and oversight relating to 
    homeland security, including emergency management and agriculture 
    and food defense;
        ``(3) act as the primary liaison on behalf of the Department 
    with other Federal departments and agencies in activities relating 
    to homeland security, including emergency management and 
    agriculture and food defense, and provide for interagency 
    coordination and data sharing;
        ``(4)(A) coordinate in the Department the gathering of 
    information relevant to early warning and awareness of threats and 
    risks to the food and agriculture critical infrastructure sector; 
    and
        ``(B) share that information with, and provide assistance with 
    interpretation and risk characterization of that information to, 
    the intelligence community (as defined in section 3 of the National 
    Security Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 3003)), law enforcement agencies, 
    the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of Homeland Security, the 
    Secretary of Health and Human Services, and State fusion centers 
    (as defined in section 210A(j) of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 
    (6 U.S.C. 124h(j));
        ``(5) liaise with the Director of National Intelligence to 
    assist in the development of periodic assessments and intelligence 
    estimates, or other intelligence products, that support the defense 
    of the food and agriculture critical infrastructure sector;
        ``(6) coordinate the conduct, evaluation, and improvement of 
    exercises to identify and eliminate gaps in preparedness and 
    response;
        ``(7) produce a Department-wide centralized strategic 
    coordination plan to provide a high-level perspective of the 
    operations of the Department relating to homeland security, 
    including emergency management and agriculture and food defense; 
    and
        ``(8) carry out other appropriate duties, as determined by the 
    Secretary.
    ``(e) Agriculture and Food Threat Awareness Partnership Program.--
        ``(1) Interagency exchange program.--The Secretary, in 
    partnership with the intelligence community (as defined in section 
    3 of the National Security Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 3003)) and fusion 
    centers (as defined in section 210A(j) of the Homeland Security Act 
    of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 124h(j)) that have analysis and intelligence 
    capabilities relating to the defense of the food and agriculture 
    critical infrastructure sector, shall establish and carry out an 
    interagency exchange program of personnel and information to 
    improve communication and analysis for the defense of the food and 
    agriculture critical infrastructure sector.
        ``(2) Collaboration with federal, state, and local 
    authorities.--To carry out the program established under paragraph 
    (1), the Secretary may--
            ``(A) enter into 1 or more cooperative agreements or 
        contracts with Federal, State, or local authorities that have 
        analysis and intelligence capabilities and expertise relating 
        to the defense of the food and agriculture critical 
        infrastructure sector; and
            ``(B) carry out any other activity under any other 
        authority of the Secretary that is appropriate to engage the 
        authorities described in subparagraph (A) for the defense of 
        the food and agriculture critical infrastructure sector, as 
        determined by the Secretary.''.
SEC. 12203. AGRICULTURE AND FOOD DEFENSE.
    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
        (1) Animal.--The term ``animal'' has the meaning given the term 
    in section 10403 of the Animal Health Protection Act (7 U.S.C. 
    8302).
        (2) Disease or pest of concern.--The term ``disease or pest of 
    concern'' means a plant or animal disease or pest that--
            (A) is--
                (i) a transboundary disease; or
                (ii) an established disease; and
            (B) is likely to pose a significant risk to the food and 
        agriculture critical infrastructure sector that warrants 
        efforts at prevention, protection, mitigation, response, and 
        recovery.
        (3) Established disease.--The term ``established disease'' 
    means a plant or animal disease or pest that--
            (A)(i) if it becomes established, poses an imminent threat 
        to agriculture in the United States; or
            (ii) has become established, as defined by the Secretary, 
        within the United States; and
            (B) requires management.
        (4) High-consequence plant transboundary disease.--The term 
    ``high-consequence plant transboundary disease'' means a 
    transboundary disease that is--
            (A)(i) a plant disease; or
            (ii) a plant pest; and
            (B) of high consequence, as determined by the Secretary.
        (5) Pest.--The term ``pest''--
            (A) with respect to a plant, has the meaning given the term 
        ``plant pest'' in section 403 of the Plant Protection Act (7 
        U.S.C. 7702); and
            (B) with respect to an animal, has the meaning given the 
        term in section 10403 of the Animal Health Protection Act (7 
        U.S.C. 8302).
        (6) Plant.--The term ``plant'' has the meaning given the term 
    in section 403 of the Plant Protection Act (7 U.S.C. 7702).
        (7) Plant health management strategy.--The term ``plant health 
    management strategy'' means a strategy to timely control and 
    eradicate a plant disease or plant pest outbreak, including through 
    mitigation (such as chemical control), surveillance, the use of 
    diagnostic products and procedures, and the use of existing 
    resistant seed stock.
        (8) Transboundary disease.--
            (A) In general.--The term ``transboundary disease'' means a 
        plant or animal disease or pest that is within 1 or more 
        countries outside of the United States.
            (B) Inclusion.--The term ``transboundary disease'' includes 
        a plant or animal disease or pest described in subparagraph (A) 
        that--
                (i) has emerged within the United States; or
                (ii) has been introduced within the United States.
        (9) Veterinary countermeasure.--The term ``veterinary 
    countermeasure'' has the meaning given such term in section 10403 
    of the Animal Health Protection Act (7 U.S.C. 8302).
    (b) Disease or Pest of Concern Response Planning.--
        (1) In general.--The Secretary shall--
            (A) establish a list of diseases or pests of concern by--
                (i) developing a process to solicit and receive expert 
            opinion and evidence relating to the diseases or pests of 
            concern entered on the list; and
                (ii) reviewing all available evidence relating to the 
            diseases or pests of concern entered on the list, including 
            classified information; and
            (B) periodically update the list established under 
        subparagraph (A).
        (2) Response plans.--
            (A) Comprehensive strategic response plan or plans.--The 
        Secretary shall develop, in collaboration with appropriate 
        Federal, State, regional, and local officials, a comprehensive 
        strategic response plan or plans, as appropriate, for the 
        diseases or pests of concern that are entered on the list 
        established under paragraph (1).
            (B) State or region response plan or plans.--The Secretary 
        shall provide information to a State or region to assist in 
        producing a response plan or plans that shall include a concept 
        of operations for a disease or pest of concern or a platform 
        concept of operations for responses to similar diseases or 
        pests of concern that are determined to be a priority to the 
        State or region that shall, as appropriate--
                (i) describe the appropriate interactions among, and 
            roles of--

                    (I) Federal, State, Tribal, and units of local 
                government; and
                    (II) plant or animal industry partners;

                (ii) include a decision matrix or dynamic decision 
            modeling tools that, as appropriate, include--

                    (I) information and timing requirements necessary 
                for the use of veterinary countermeasures;
                    (II) plant health management strategies;
                    (III) deployment of other key materials and 
                resources; and
                    (IV) parameters for transitioning from outbreak 
                response to disease management;

                (iii) identify key response performance metrics to 
            establish--

                    (I) benchmarking to provide assessments of 
                capabilities, capacity, and readiness to achieve 
                response goals and objectives;
                    (II) progressive exercise evaluation; and
                    (III) continuing improvement of a response plan, 
                including by providing for--

                        (aa) ongoing exercises;
                        (bb) improvement planning and the 
                    implementation of corrective actions to enhance a 
                    response plan over time; and
                        (cc) strategic information to guide investment 
                    in any appropriate research to mitigate the risk of 
                    a disease or pest of concern; and
                (iv) be updated periodically, including in response 
            to--

                    (I) an exercise evaluation; or
                    (II) new risk information becoming available 
                regarding a disease or pest of concern.

        (3) Coordination of plans.--Pursuant to section 221(d)(6) of 
    the Department of Agriculture Reorganization Act of 1994, as added 
    by section 12202, the Secretary shall, as appropriate, assist in 
    coordinating with other appropriate Federal, State, regional, or 
    local officials in the exercising of the plans developed under 
    paragraph (2).
    (c) National Plant Diagnostic Network.--
        (1) In general.--The Secretary shall establish in the 
    Department of Agriculture a National Plant Diagnostic Network to 
    monitor and surveil through diagnostics threats to plant health 
    from diseases or pests of concern in the United States.
        (2) Requirements.--The National Plant Diagnostic Network 
    established under paragraph (1) shall--
            (A) provide for increased awareness, surveillance, early 
        identification, rapid communication, warning, and diagnosis of 
        a threat to plant health from a disease or pest of concern to 
        protect natural and agricultural plant resources;
            (B) coordinate and collaborate with agencies of the 
        Department of Agriculture and State agencies and authorities 
        involved in plant health;
            (C) establish diagnostic laboratory standards;
            (D) establish regional hubs throughout the United States 
        that provide expertise, leadership, and support to diagnostic 
        labs relating to the agricultural crops and plants in the 
        covered regions of those hubs; and
            (E) establish a national repository for records of endemic 
        or emergent diseases and pests of concern.
        (3) Head of network.--
            (A) In general.--The Director of the National Institute of 
        Food and Agriculture shall serve as the head of the National 
        Plant Diagnostic Network.
            (B) Duties.--The head of the National Plant Diagnostic 
        Network shall--
                (i) coordinate and collaborate with land-grant colleges 
            and universities (as defined in section 1404 of the 
            National Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching 
            Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3103)) in carrying out the 
            requirements under paragraph (2), including through 
            cooperative agreements described in paragraph (4);
                (ii) partner with the Administrator of the Animal and 
            Plant Health Inspection Service for assistance with plant 
            health regulation and inspection; and
                (iii) coordinate with other Federal agencies, as 
            appropriate, in carrying out activities relating to the 
            National Plant Diagnostic Network, including the sharing of 
            biosurveillance information.
        (4) Collaboration with land-grant colleges and universities.--
    The Secretary shall seek to establish cooperative agreements with 
    land-grant colleges and universities (as defined in section 1404 of 
    the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy 
    Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3103)) that have the appropriate level of 
    skill, experience, and competence with plant diseases or pests of 
    concern.
        (5) Authorization of appropriations.--In addition to the amount 
    authorized to carry out this subtitle under section 12205, there is 
    authorized to be appropriated to carry out this subsection 
    $15,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2019 through 2023.
    (d) National Plant Disease Recovery System.--
        (1) Recovery system.--The Secretary shall establish in the 
    Department of Agriculture a National Plant Disease Recovery System 
    to engage in strategic long-range planning to recover from high-
    consequence plant transboundary diseases.
        (2) Requirements.--The National Plant Disease Recovery System 
    established under paragraph (1) shall--
            (A) coordinate with disease or pest of concern concept of 
        operations response plans;
            (B) make long-range plans for the initiation of future 
        research projects relating to high-consequence plant 
        transboundary diseases;
            (C) establish research plans for long-term recovery;
            (D) plan for the identification and use of specific 
        genotypes, cultivars, breeding lines, and other disease-
        resistant materials necessary for crop stabilization or 
        improvement; and
            (E) establish a watch list of high-consequence plant 
        transboundary diseases for the purpose of making long-range 
        plans under subparagraph (B).
SEC. 12204. BIOLOGICAL AGENTS AND TOXINS LIST.
    Section 212(a)(1)(B)(i) of the Agricultural Bioterrorism Protection 
Act of 2002 (7 U.S.C. 8401(a)(1)(B)(i)) is amended--
        (1) in subclause (III), by striking ``and'' at the end;
        (2) by redesignating subclause (IV) as subclause (V); and
        (3) by inserting after subclause (III) the following:

                    ``(IV)(aa) whether such inclusion would have a 
                substantial negative impact on the research and 
                development of solutions for the animal or plant 
                disease caused by the agent or toxin; and
                    ``(bb) whether the negative impact described in 
                item (aa) would substantially outweigh the risk posed 
                by the agent or toxin to animal or plant health if it 
                is not included on the list; and''.

SEC. 12205. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.
    In addition to other amounts made available under this subtitle, 
there is authorized to be appropriated to carry out this subtitle 
$5,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2019 through 2023.

             Subtitle C--Historically Underserved Producers

SEC. 12301. FARMING OPPORTUNITIES TRAINING AND OUTREACH.
    (a) Repeal.--
        (1) In general.--Section 7405 of the Farm Security and Rural 
    Investment Act of 2002 (7 U.S.C. 3319f) is repealed.
        (2) Conforming amendments.--
            (A) Section 226B(e)(2)(B) of the Department of Agriculture 
        Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 6934(e)(2)(B)) is amended 
        by striking ``the beginning farmer and rancher development 
        program established under section 7405 of the Farm Security and 
        Rural Investment Act of 2002 (7 U.S.C. 3319f).'' and inserting 
        ``the beginning farmer and rancher development grant program 
        established under subsection (d) of section 2501 of the Food, 
        Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 
        2279).''.
            (B) Section 251(f)(1)(D) of the Department of Agriculture 
        Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 6971(f)(1)(D)) is amended 
        by striking clause (iv) and inserting the following:
                ``(iv) The beginning farmer and rancher development 
            grant program established under subsection (d) of section 
            2501 of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act 
            of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 2279).''.
            (C) Section 7506(e) of the Food, Conservation, and Energy 
        Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 7614c(e)) is amended--
                (i) in paragraph (2)(C)--

                    (I) by striking clause (v);
                    (II) by redesignating clauses (i) through (iv) as 
                clauses (ii) through (v), respectively;
                    (III) by inserting before clause (ii) (as so 
                redesignated) the following:

                ``(i) each grant and cooperative agreement awarded 
            under subsection (d) of section 2501 of the Food, 
            Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 
            2279);'';

                    (IV) in clause (ii) (as so redesignated), by 
                striking ``450i(b)(2));'' and inserting 
                ``3157(b)(2));''; and
                    (V) in clause (iv) (as so redesignated), by adding 
                ``and'' at the end; and

                (ii) in paragraph (4)--

                    (I) by striking subparagraph (E);
                    (II) by redesignating subparagraphs (A) through (D) 
                as subparagraphs (B) through (E), respectively;
                    (III) by inserting before subparagraph (B) (as so 
                redesignated) the following:

            ``(A) subsection (d) of section 2501 of the Food, 
        Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 
        2279);'';

                    (IV) in subparagraph (B) (as so redesignated), by 
                striking ``450i(b));'' and inserting ``3157(b));'';
                    (V) in subparagraph (D) (as so redesignated), by 
                adding ``or'' at the end; and
                    (VI) in subparagraph (E) (as so redesignated), by 
                striking ``; or'' and inserting a period.

    (b) Outreach and Education for Socially Disadvantaged Farmers and 
Ranchers, Veteran Farmers and Ranchers, and Beginning Farmers and 
Ranchers.--Section 2501 of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and 
Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 2279) is amended--
        (1) by striking the section heading and inserting ``farming 
    opportunities training and outreach'';
        (2) by redesignating subsection (i) as paragraph (5) (and 
    moving the margins of such paragraph 2 ems to the right) and moving 
    such paragraph (as so redesignated) so as to follow subsection 
    (a)(4);
        (3) by redesignating subsections (a) (as amended by paragraph 
    (2)), (b), (c), (d), (e), (g), and (h) as subsections (c), (g), 
    (k), (h), (a), (i), and (j), respectively, and moving the 
    subsections so as to appear in alphabetical order;
        (4) by moving paragraph (5) of subsection (a) (as so 
    redesignated) so as to appear at the end of subsection (c) (as so 
    redesignated) and redesignating such paragraph as paragraph (6);
        (5) in subsection (a) (as so redesignated)--
            (A) by striking the subsection designation and heading and 
        inserting the following:
    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:'';
            (B) by redesignating paragraphs (1), (2), (3), (4), and (6) 
        as paragraphs (6), (5), (1), (3), and (4), respectively, and 
        moving the paragraphs so as to appear in numerical order;
            (C) in paragraphs (1), (5), and (6) (as so redesignated), 
        by striking ``As used in this section, the'' each place it 
        appears and inserting ``The'';
            (D) in paragraph (1) (as so redesignated)--
                (i) in the paragraph heading, by striking 
            ``agriculture'' and inserting ``agricultural''; and
                (ii) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by 
            striking ``agriculture'' and inserting ``agricultural''; 
            and
            (E) by inserting after paragraph (1) (as so redesignated) 
        the following:
        ``(2) Beginning farmer or rancher.--The term `beginning farmer 
    or rancher' means a person that--
            ``(A)(i) has not operated a farm or ranch; or
            ``(ii) has operated a farm or ranch for not more than 10 
        years; and
            ``(B) meets such other criteria as the Secretary may 
        establish.'';
        (6) by inserting after subsection (a) (as so redesignated) the 
    following:
    ``(b) Farming Opportunities Training and Outreach.--The Secretary 
shall carry out this section to encourage and assist socially 
disadvantaged farmers and ranchers, veteran farmers and ranchers, and 
beginning farmers and ranchers in the ownership and operation of farms 
and ranches through--
        ``(1) education and training; and
        ``(2) equitable participation in all agricultural programs of 
    the Department.'';
        (7) in subsection (c) (as so redesignated and as amended by 
    paragraph (4))--
            (A) in the subsection heading, by inserting ``for Socially 
        Disadvantaged and Veteran Farmers and Ranchers'' after 
        ``Assistance'';
            (B) by striking paragraph (4);
            (C) by redesignating paragraphs (1), (2), (3), and (6) as 
        paragraphs (2), (3), (4), and (1), respectively, and moving the 
        paragraphs so as to appear in numerical order;
            (D) in paragraph (1) (as so redesignated)--
                (i) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by 
            striking ``The term'' and inserting ``In this subsection, 
            the term'';
                (ii) in subparagraph (A)(ii), by striking ``subsection 
            (a)'' and inserting ``this subsection''; and
                (iii) in subparagraph (F), by striking ``450b))'' and 
            inserting ``5304))'';
            (E) in paragraph (2) (as so redesignated)--
                (i) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by 
            striking ``The Secretary of Agriculture shall carry out'' 
            and inserting ``Using funds made available under subsection 
            (l), the Secretary of Agriculture shall, for the period of 
            fiscal years 2019 through 2023, carry out''; and
                (ii) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``agricultural'' 
            and inserting ``agricultural, forestry, and related'';
                (iii) by striking ``agricultural'' and inserting 
            ``agricultural, forestry, and related'';
            (F) in paragraph (3) (as so redesignated), by striking 
        ``(1)'' in the matter preceding subparagraph (A) and inserting 
        ``(2)''; and
            (G) in paragraph (4) (as so redesignated)--
                (i) in subparagraph (A)--

                    (I) by striking the subparagraph heading and 
                inserting ``Outreach and technical assistance.--'';
                    (II) by striking ``(2)'' and inserting ``(3)''; and
                    (III) by inserting ``to socially disadvantaged 
                farmers and ranchers and veteran farmers and ranchers'' 
                after ``assistance'';

                (ii) in subparagraph (C), by striking ``(1)'' and 
            inserting ``(2)'';
                (iii) in subparagraph (D), by adding at the end the 
            following:
                ``(v) The number of farms or ranches started, 
            maintained, or improved as a result of funds made available 
            under the program.
                ``(vi) Actions taken by the Secretary in partnership 
            with eligible entities to enhance participation in 
            agricultural programs by veteran farmers or ranchers and 
            socially disadvantaged farmers or ranchers.
                ``(vii) The effectiveness of the actions described in 
            clause (vi).''; and
                (iv) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(E) Maximum term and amount of grant, contract, or 
        agreement.--A grant, contract, or agreement entered into under 
        subparagraph (A) shall be--
                ``(i) for a term of not longer than 3 years; and
                ``(ii) in an amount that is not more than $250,000 for 
            each year of the grant, contract, or agreement.
            ``(F) Priority.--In making grants and entering into 
        contracts and other agreements under subparagraph (A), the 
        Secretary shall give priority to nongovernmental and community-
        based organizations with an expertise in working with socially 
        disadvantaged farmers and ranchers or veteran farmers and 
        ranchers.
            ``(G) Regional balance.--To the maximum extent practicable, 
        the Secretary shall ensure the geographical diversity of 
        eligible entities to which grants are made and contracts and 
        other agreements are entered into under subparagraph (A).
            ``(H) Prohibition.--A grant, contract, or other agreement 
        under subparagraph (A) may not be used for the planning, 
        repair, rehabilitation, acquisition, or construction of a 
        building or facility.
            ``(I) Peer review.--The Secretary shall establish a fair 
        and efficient external peer review process that--
                ``(i) the Secretary shall use in making grants and 
            entering into contracts and other agreements under 
            subparagraph (A); and
                ``(ii) shall include a broad representation of peers of 
            the eligible entity.
            ``(J) Input from eligible entities.--The Secretary shall 
        seek input from eligible entities providing technical 
        assistance under this subsection not less than once each year 
        to ensure that the program is responsive to the eligible 
        entities providing that technical assistance.'';
        (8) by inserting after subsection (c) (as so redesignated) the 
    following:
    ``(d) Beginning Farmer and Rancher Development Grant Program.--
        ``(1) In general.--Using funds made available under subsection 
    (l), the Secretary, acting through the Director of the National 
    Institute of Food and Agriculture, shall, for the period of fiscal 
    years 2019 through 2023, make competitive grants or enter into 
    cooperative agreements to support new and established local and 
    regional training, education, outreach, and technical assistance 
    initiatives to increase opportunities for beginning farmers and 
    ranchers.
        ``(2) Included programs and services.--Initiatives described in 
    paragraph (1) may include programs or services, as appropriate, 
    relating to--
            ``(A) basic livestock, forest management, and crop farming 
        practices;
            ``(B) innovative farm, ranch, and private, nonindustrial 
        forest land transfer and succession strategies;
            ``(C) entrepreneurship and business training;
            ``(D) technical assistance to help beginning farmers or 
        ranchers acquire land from retiring farmers and ranchers;
            ``(E) financial and risk management training, including the 
        acquisition and management of agricultural credit;
            ``(F) natural resource management and planning;
            ``(G) diversification and marketing strategies;
            ``(H) curriculum development;
            ``(I) mentoring, apprenticeships, and internships;
            ``(J) resources and referral;
            ``(K) farm financial benchmarking;
            ``(L) agricultural rehabilitation and vocational training 
        for veteran farmers and ranchers;
            ``(M) farm safety and awareness;
            ``(N) food safety and recordkeeping; and
            ``(O) other similar subject areas of use to beginning 
        farmers and ranchers.
        ``(3) Eligibility.--
            ``(A) In general.--To be eligible to receive a grant or 
        enter into a cooperative agreement under this subsection, the 
        recipient of the grant or participant in the cooperative 
        agreement shall be a collaborative State, Tribal, local, or 
        regionally-based network or partnership of public or private 
        entities.
            ``(B) Inclusions.--A recipient of a grant or a participant 
        that enters into a cooperative agreement described in 
        subparagraph (A) may include--
                ``(i) a State cooperative extension service;
                ``(ii) a Federal, State, municipal, or Tribal agency;
                ``(iii) a community-based or nongovernmental 
            organization;
                ``(iv) a college or university (including an 
            institution awarding an associate's degree) or foundation 
            maintained by a college or university; or
                ``(v) any other appropriate partner, as determined by 
            the Secretary.
        ``(4) Terms of grants or cooperative agreement.--A grant or 
    cooperative agreement under this subsection shall--
            ``(A) be for a term of not longer than 3 years; and
            ``(B) provide not more than $250,000 for each year.
        ``(5) Matching requirement.--
            ``(A) In general.--Except as provided in subparagraph (B), 
        to be eligible to receive a grant or enter into a cooperative 
        agreement under this subsection, a recipient or participant 
        shall provide a match in the form of cash or in-kind 
        contributions in an amount equal to 25 percent of the funds 
        provided by the grant or cooperative agreement.
            ``(B) Exception.--The Secretary may waive or reduce the 
        matching requirement in subparagraph (A) if the Secretary 
        determines such a waiver or modification is necessary to 
        effectively reach an underserved area or population.
        ``(6) Evaluation criteria.--In making grants or entering into 
    cooperative agreements under this subsection, the Secretary shall 
    evaluate, with respect to applications for the grants or 
    cooperative agreements--
            ``(A) relevancy;
            ``(B) technical merit;
            ``(C) achievability;
            ``(D) the expertise and track record of 1 or more 
        applicants;
            ``(E) the consultation of beginning farmers and ranchers in 
        design, implementation, and decisionmaking relating to an 
        initiative described in paragraph (1);
            ``(F) the adequacy of plans for--
                ``(i) a participatory evaluation process;
                ``(ii) outcome-based reporting; and
                ``(iii) the communication of findings and results 
            beyond the immediate target audience; and
            ``(G) other appropriate factors, as determined by the 
        Secretary.
        ``(7) Regional balance.--To the maximum extent practicable, the 
    Secretary shall ensure the geographical diversity of recipients of 
    grants or participants in cooperative agreements under this 
    subsection.
        ``(8) Priority.--In making grants or entering into cooperative 
    agreements under this subsection, the Secretary shall give priority 
    to partnerships and collaborations that are led by or include 
    nongovernmental, community-based organizations and school-based 
    educational organizations with expertise in new agricultural 
    producer training and outreach.
        ``(9) Prohibition.--A grant made or cooperative agreement 
    entered into under this subsection may not be used for the 
    planning, repair, rehabilitation, acquisition, or construction of a 
    building or facility.
        ``(10) Coordination permitted.--A recipient of a grant or 
    participant in a cooperative agreement under this subsection may 
    coordinate with a recipient of a grant or cooperative agreement 
    under section 1680 in addressing the needs of veteran farmers and 
    ranchers with disabilities.
        ``(11) Consecutive awards.--A grant or cooperative agreement 
    under this subsection may be made to a recipient or participant for 
    consecutive years.
        ``(12) Peer review.--
            ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall establish a fair and 
        efficient external peer review process, which the Secretary 
        shall use in making grants or entering into cooperative 
        agreements under this subsection.
            ``(B) Requirement.--The peer review process under 
        subparagraph (A) shall include a review panel composed of a 
        broad representation of peers of the applicant for the grant or 
        cooperative agreement that are not applying for a grant or 
        cooperative agreement under this subsection.
        ``(13) Participation by other farmers and ranchers.--Nothing in 
    this subsection prohibits the Secretary from allowing a farmer or 
    rancher who is not a beginning farmer or rancher (including an 
    owner or operator that has ended, or expects to end within 5 years, 
    active labor in a farming or ranching operation as a producer, 
    retiring farmers, and non-farming landowners) from participating in 
    a program or service under this subsection, to the extent that the 
    Secretary determines that such participation--
            ``(A) is appropriate; and
            ``(B) will not detract from the primary purpose of 
        increasing opportunities for beginning farmers and ranchers.
        ``(14) Education teams.--
            ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall establish beginning 
        farmer and rancher education teams to develop curricula, 
        conduct educational programs and workshops for beginning 
        farmers and ranchers in diverse geographical areas of the 
        United States, or provide training and technical assistance 
        initiatives for beginning farmers or ranchers or for trainers 
        and service providers that work with beginning farmers or 
        ranchers.
            ``(B) Curriculum.--In promoting the development of 
        curricula, educational programs and workshops, or training and 
        technical assistance initiatives under subparagraph (A), the 
        Secretary shall, to the maximum extent practicable, include 
        content tailored to specific audiences of beginning farmers and 
        ranchers, based on crop diversity or regional diversity.
            ``(C) Composition.--In establishing an education team under 
        subparagraph (A) for a specific program or workshop, the 
        Secretary shall, to the maximum extent practicable--
                ``(i) obtain the short-term services of specialists 
            with knowledge and expertise in programs serving beginning 
            farmers and ranchers; and
                ``(ii) use officers and employees of the Department 
            with direct experience in programs of the Department that 
            may be taught as part of the curriculum for the program or 
            workshop.
            ``(D) Cooperation.--
                ``(i) In general.--In carrying out this subsection, the 
            Secretary shall cooperate, to the maximum extent 
            practicable, with--

                    ``(I) State cooperative extension services;
                    ``(II) Federal, State, and Tribal agencies;
                    ``(III) community-based and nongovernmental 
                organizations;
                    ``(IV) colleges and universities (including an 
                institution awarding an associate's degree) or 
                foundations maintained by a college or university; and
                    ``(V) other appropriate partners, as determined by 
                the Secretary.

                ``(ii) Cooperative agreements.--The Secretary may enter 
            into a cooperative agreement to reflect the terms of any 
            cooperation under subparagraph (A).
        ``(15) Curriculum and training clearinghouse.--The Secretary 
    shall establish an online clearinghouse that makes available to 
    beginning farmers and ranchers education curricula and training 
    materials and programs, which may include online courses for direct 
    use by beginning farmers and ranchers.
    ``(e) Application Requirements.--In making grants and entering into 
contracts and other agreements, as applicable, under subsections (c) 
and (d), the Secretary shall make available a simplified application 
process for an application for a grant that requests less than 
$50,000.'';
        (9) by striking subsection (f) and inserting the following:
    ``(f) Stakeholder Input.--In carrying out this section, the 
Secretary shall seek stakeholder input from--
        ``(1) beginning farmers and ranchers;
        ``(2) socially disadvantaged farmers and ranchers;
        ``(3) veteran farmers and ranchers;
        ``(4) national, State, Tribal, and local organizations and 
    other persons with expertise in operating programs for--
            ``(A) beginning farmers and ranchers;
            ``(B) socially disadvantaged farmers and ranchers; or
            ``(C) veteran farmers and ranchers;
        ``(5) the Advisory Committee on Beginning Farmers and Ranchers 
    established under section 5(b) of the Agricultural Credit 
    Improvement Act of 1992 (7 U.S.C. 1929 note; Public Law 102-554);
        ``(6) the Advisory Committee on Minority Farmers established 
    under section 14008 of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 
    2008 (7 U.S.C. 2279 note; Public Law 110-246); and
        ``(7) the Tribal Advisory Committee established under 
    subsection (b) of section 309 of the Federal Crop Insurance Reform 
    and Department of Agriculture Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 
    6921).'';
        (10) in paragraph (3) of subsection (h) (as so redesignated), 
    by inserting ``and not later than March 1, 2020,'' after ``1991,''; 
    and
        (11) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(l) Funding.--
        ``(1) Mandatory funding.--Of the funds of the Commodity Credit 
    Corporation, the Secretary shall use to carry out this section--
            ``(A) $30,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2019 and 2020;
            ``(B) $35,000,000 for fiscal year 2021;
            ``(C) $40,000,000 for fiscal year 2022; and
            ``(D) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2023 and each fiscal year 
        thereafter.
        ``(2) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized to 
    be appropriated to carry out this section $50,000,000 for each of 
    fiscal years 2019 through 2023.
        ``(3) Reservation of funds.--Of the amounts made available to 
    carry out this section--
            ``(A) 50 percent shall be used to carry out subsection (c); 
        and
            ``(B) 50 percent shall be used to carry out subsection (d).
        ``(4) Allocation of funds.--
            ``(A) In general.--Not less than 5 percent of the amounts 
        made available to carry out subsection (d) for a fiscal year 
        shall be used to support programs and services that address the 
        needs of--
                ``(i) limited resource beginning farmers and ranchers, 
            as defined by the Secretary;
                ``(ii) socially disadvantaged farmers and ranchers that 
            are beginning farmers and ranchers; and
                ``(iii) farmworkers desiring to become farmers or 
            ranchers.
            ``(B) Veteran farmers and ranchers.--Not less than 5 
        percent of the amounts made available to carry out subsection 
        (d) for a fiscal year shall be used to support programs and 
        services that address the needs of veteran farmers and 
        ranchers.
        ``(5) Interagency funding.--Any agency of the Department may 
    participate in any grant, contract, or agreement entered into under 
    this section by contributing funds, if the contributing agency 
    determines that the objectives of the grant, contract, or agreement 
    will further the authorized programs of the contributing agency.
        ``(6) Administrative expenses.--Not more than 5 percent of the 
    amounts made available to carry out this section for a fiscal year 
    may be used for expenses relating to the administration of this 
    section.
        ``(7) Limitation on indirect costs.--A recipient of a grant or 
    a party to a contract or other agreement under subsection (c) or 
    (d) may not use more than 10 percent of the funds received for the 
    indirect costs of carrying out a grant, contract, or other 
    agreement.''.
SEC. 12302. URBAN AGRICULTURE.
    Subtitle A of the Department of Agriculture Reorganization Act of 
1994 (7 U.S.C. 6911 et seq.) (as amended by section 12202) is amended 
by adding at the end the following:
    ``SEC. 222. OFFICE OF URBAN AGRICULTURE AND INNOVATIVE PRODUCTION.
    ``(a) Office.--
        ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall establish in the 
    Department an Office of Urban Agriculture and Innovative 
    Production.
        ``(2) Director.--The Secretary shall appoint a senior official 
    to serve as the Director of the Office of Urban Agriculture and 
    Innovative Production (referred to in this section as the 
    `Director').
        ``(3) Mission.--The mission of the Office of Urban Agriculture 
    and Innovative Production shall be to encourage and promote urban, 
    indoor, and other emerging agricultural practices, including--
            ``(A) community gardens and farms located in urban areas, 
        suburbs, and urban clusters;
            ``(B) rooftop farms, outdoor vertical production, and green 
        walls;
            ``(C) indoor farms, greenhouses, and high-tech vertical 
        technology farms;
            ``(D) hydroponic, aeroponic, and aquaponic farm facilities; 
        and
            ``(E) other innovations in agricultural production, as 
        determined by the Secretary.
        ``(4) Responsibilities.--The Director shall be responsible for 
    engaging in activities to carry out the mission described in 
    paragraph (3), including by--
            ``(A) managing programs, including for community gardens, 
        urban farms, rooftop agriculture, and indoor vertical 
        production;
            ``(B) advising the Secretary;
            ``(C) coordinating with the agencies and officials of the 
        Department to update relevant programs;
            ``(D) engaging in stakeholder relations and developing 
        external partnerships;
            ``(E) identifying common State and municipal best practices 
        for navigating local policies;
            ``(F) coordinating networks of community gardens and 
        facilitating connections to local food banks, in partnership 
        with the Food and Nutrition Service; and
            ``(G) collaborating with other Federal agencies.
    ``(b) Urban Agriculture and Innovative Production Advisory 
Committee.--
        ``(1) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
    enactment of this section, the Secretary shall establish an Urban 
    Agriculture and Innovative Production Advisory Committee (referred 
    to in this subsection as the `Committee') to advise the Secretary 
    on--
            ``(A) the development of policies and outreach relating to 
        urban, indoor, and other emerging agricultural production 
        practices; and
            ``(B) any other aspects of the implementation of this 
        section.
        ``(2) Membership.--
            ``(A) In general.--The Committee shall be composed of 12 
        members, of whom--
                ``(i) 4 shall be individuals who are agricultural 
            producers, of whom--

                    ``(I) 2 individuals shall be agricultural producers 
                located in an urban area or urban cluster; and
                    ``(II) 2 individuals shall be farmers that use 
                innovative technology;

                ``(ii) 2 shall be representatives from an institution 
            of higher education or extension program;
                ``(iii) 1 shall be an individual who represents a 
            nonprofit organization, which may include a public health, 
            environmental, or community organization;
                ``(iv) 1 shall be an individual who represents business 
            and economic development, which may include a business 
            development entity, a chamber of commerce, a city 
            government, or a planning organization;
                ``(v) 1 shall be an individual with supply chain 
            experience, which may include a food aggregator, wholesale 
            food distributor, food hub, or an individual who has 
            direct-to-consumer market experience;
                ``(vi) 1 shall be an individual from a financing 
            entity; and
                ``(vii) 2 shall be individuals with related experience 
            or expertise in urban, indoor, and other emerging 
            agriculture production practices, as determined by the 
            Secretary.
            ``(B) Initial appointments.--The Secretary shall appoint 
        the members of the Committee not later than 180 days after the 
        date of enactment of this section.
        ``(3) Period of appointment; vacancies.--
            ``(A) In general.--Except as provided in subparagraph (B), 
        a member of the Committee shall be appointed for a term of 3 
        years.
            ``(B) Initial appointments.--Of the members first appointed 
        to the Committee--
                ``(i) 4 of the members, as determined by the Secretary, 
            shall be appointed for a term of 3 years;
                ``(ii) 4 of the members, as determined by the 
            Secretary, shall be appointed for a term of 2 years; and
                ``(iii) 4 of the members, as determined by the 
            Secretary, shall be appointed for a term of 1 year.
            ``(C) Vacancies.--Any vacancy in the Committee--
                ``(i) shall not affect the powers of the Committee; and
                ``(ii) shall be filled as soon as practicable in the 
            same manner as the original appointment.
            ``(D) Consecutive terms.--An initial appointee of the 
        committee may serve an additional consecutive term if the 
        member is reappointed by the Secretary.
        ``(4) Meetings.--
            ``(A) Frequency.--The Committee shall meet not fewer than 3 
        times per year.
            ``(B) Initial meeting.--Not later than 180 days after the 
        date on which the members are appointed under paragraph (2)(B), 
        the Committee shall hold the first meeting of the Committee.
        ``(5) Duties.--
            ``(A) In general.--The Committee shall--
                ``(i) develop recommendations and advise the Director 
            on policies, initiatives, and outreach administered by the 
            Office of Urban Agriculture and Innovative Production;
                ``(ii) evaluate and review ongoing research and 
            extension activities relating to urban, indoor, and other 
            innovative agricultural practices;
                ``(iii) identify new and existing barriers to 
            successful urban, indoor, and other emerging agricultural 
            production practices; and
                ``(iv) provide additional assistance and advice to the 
            Director as appropriate.
            ``(B) Reports.--Not later than 1 year after the date on 
        which the Committee is established, and every 2 years through 
        2023, the Committee shall submit to the Secretary, the 
        Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives, and 
        the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the 
        Senate a report describing the recommendations developed under 
        subparagraph (A).
        ``(6) Personnel matters.--
            ``(A) Compensation.--A member of the Committee shall serve 
        without compensation.
            ``(B) Travel expenses.--A member of the Committee shall be 
        allowed travel expenses, including per diem in lieu of 
        subsistence, in accordance with section 5703 of title 5, United 
        States Code.
        ``(7) Termination.--
            ``(A) In general.--Subject to subparagraph (B), the 
        Committee shall terminate on the date that is 5 years after the 
        date on which the members are appointed under paragraph (2)(B).
            ``(B) Extensions.--Before the date on which the Committee 
        terminates, the Secretary may renew the Committee for 1 or more 
        2-year periods.
    ``(c) Grants.--The Director shall award competitive grants to 
support the development of urban agriculture and innovative production 
to any of the following eligible entities:
        ``(1) A nonprofit organization.
        ``(2) A unit of local government.
        ``(3) A Tribal government.
        ``(4) Any school that serves any of grades kindergarten through 
    grade 12.
    ``(d) Pilot Projects.--
        ``(1) Urban and suburban county committees.--
            ``(A) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
        enactment of this section, the Secretary shall establish a 
        pilot program for not fewer than 5 years that establishes 10 
        county committees in accordance with section 8(b)(5)(B)(ii)(II) 
        of the Soil Conservation and Domestic Allotment Act (16 U.S.C. 
        590h(b)(5)(B)(ii)(II)) to operate in counties located in urban 
        or suburban areas with a high concentration of urban or 
        suburban farms.
            ``(B) Effect.--Nothing in this paragraph requires or 
        precludes the establishment of a Farm Service Agency office in 
        a county in which a county committee is established under 
        subparagraph (A).
            ``(C) Report.--For fiscal year 2019 and each fiscal year 
        thereafter through fiscal year 2023, the Secretary shall submit 
        to the Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives 
        and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of 
        the Senate a report describing a summary of--
                ``(i) the status of the pilot program under 
            subparagraph (A);
                ``(ii) meetings and other activities of the committees 
            established under that subparagraph; and
                ``(iii) the types and volume of assistance and services 
            provided to farmers in counties in which county committees 
            are established under that subparagraph.
        ``(2) Increasing community compost and reducing food waste.--
            ``(A) In general.--The Secretary, acting through the 
        Director, shall carry out pilot projects under which the 
        Secretary shall offer to enter into cooperative agreements with 
        local or municipal governments in not fewer than 10 States to 
        develop and test strategies for planning and implementing 
        municipal compost plans and food waste reduction plans.
            ``(B) Eligible entities and purposes of pilot projects.--
        Under a cooperative agreement entered into under this 
        paragraph, the Secretary shall provide assistance to 
        municipalities, counties, local governments, or city planners, 
        as appropriate, to carry out planning and implementing 
        activities that will--
                ``(i) generate compost;
                ``(ii) increase access to compost for agricultural 
            producers;
                ``(iii) reduce reliance on, and limit the use of, 
            fertilizer;
                ``(iv) improve soil quality;
                ``(v) encourage waste management and permaculture 
            business development;
                ``(vi) increase rainwater absorption;
                ``(vii) reduce municipal food waste; and
                ``(viii) divert food waste from landfills.
            ``(C) Evaluation and ranking of applications.--
                ``(i) Criteria.--Not later than 180 days after the date 
            of enactment of this section, the Secretary shall establish 
            criteria for the selection of pilot projects under this 
            paragraph.
                ``(ii) Consideration.--In selecting, undertaking, or 
            funding pilot projects under this paragraph, the Secretary 
            shall consider any commonly known significant impact on 
            existing food waste recovery and disposal by commercial, 
            marketing, or business relationships.
                ``(iii) Priority.--In selecting a pilot project under 
            this paragraph, the Secretary shall give priority to an 
            application for a pilot project that--

                    ``(I) anticipates or demonstrates economic 
                benefits;
                    ``(II) incorporates plans to make compost easily 
                accessible to agricultural producers, including 
                community gardeners;
                    ``(III) integrates other food waste strategies, 
                including food recovery efforts; and
                    ``(IV) provides for collaboration with multiple 
                partners.

            ``(D) Matching requirement.--The recipient of assistance 
        for a pilot project under this paragraph shall provide funds, 
        in-kind contributions, or a combination of both from sources 
        other than funds provided through the grant in an amount equal 
        to not less than 25 percent of the amount of the grant.
            ``(E) Evaluation.--The Secretary shall conduct an 
        evaluation of the pilot projects funded under this paragraph to 
        assess different solutions for increasing access to compost and 
        reducing municipal food waste, including an evaluation of--
                ``(i) the amount of Federal funds used for each 
            project; and
                ``(ii) a measurement of the outcomes of each project.
    ``(e) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section and the amendments made by this 
section $25,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2019 through 2023.''.
SEC. 12303. TRIBAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE.
    Section 309 of the Federal Crop Insurance Reform and Department of 
Agriculture Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 6921) is amended--
        (1) by striking ``The Secretary'' and inserting the following:
    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary''; and
        (2) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(b) Tribal Advisory Committee.--
        ``(1) Definitions.--In this subsection:
            ``(A) Indian tribe.--The term `Indian tribe' has the 
        meaning given the term in section 4 of the Indian Self-
        Determination and Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 5304).
            ``(B) Relevant committees of congress.--The term `relevant 
        committees of Congress' means--
                ``(i) the Committee on Agriculture of the House of 
            Representatives;
                ``(ii) the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and 
            Forestry of the Senate; and
                ``(iii) the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate.
            ``(C) Tribal organization.--The term `tribal organization' 
        has the meaning given the term in section 4 of the Indian Self-
        Determination and Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 5304).
        ``(2) Establishment of committee.--
            ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall establish an 
        advisory committee, to be known as the Tribal Advisory 
        Committee (referred to in this subsection as the `Committee') 
        to provide advice and guidance to the Secretary on matters 
        relating to Tribal and Indian affairs.
            ``(B) Facilitation.--The Committee shall facilitate, but 
        not supplant, government-to-government consultation between the 
        Department of Agriculture (referred to in this subsection as 
        the `Department') and Indian tribes.
        ``(3) Membership.--
            ``(A) Composition.--The Committee shall be composed of 11 
        members, of whom--
                ``(i) 3 shall be appointed by the Secretary;
                ``(ii) 1 shall be appointed by the chairperson of the 
            Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate;
                ``(iii) 1 shall be appointed by the ranking member of 
            the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate;
                ``(iv) 1 shall be appointed by the chairperson of the 
            Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the 
            Senate;
                ``(v) 1 shall be appointed by the ranking member of the 
            Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the 
            Senate;
                ``(vi) 2 shall be appointed by the chairperson of the 
            Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives; 
            and
                ``(vii) 2 shall be appointed by the ranking member of 
            the Committee on Agriculture of the House of 
            Representatives.
            ``(B) Nominations.--The Secretary shall accept nominations 
        for members of the Committee from any of the following:
                ``(i) An Indian tribe.
                ``(ii) A tribal organization.
                ``(iii) A national or regional organization with 
            expertise in issues relating to the duties of the Committee 
            described in paragraph (4).
            ``(C) Diversity.--To the maximum extent feasible, the 
        Secretary shall ensure that the members of the Committee 
        represent a diverse set of expertise on issues relating to 
        geographic regions, Indian tribes, and the agricultural 
        industry.
            ``(D) Limitation.--No member of the Committee shall be an 
        officer or employee of the Federal Government.
            ``(E) Period of appointment; vacancies.--
                ``(i) In general.--Each member of the Committee--

                    ``(I) subject to clause (ii), shall be appointed to 
                a 3-year term; and
                    ``(II) may be reappointed to not more than 3 
                consecutive terms.

                ``(ii) Initial staggering.--The first 3 appointments by 
            the Secretary under paragraph (3)(A)(i) shall be for a 2-
            year term.
                ``(iii) Vacancies.--Any vacancy in the Committee shall 
            be filled in the same manner as the original appointment 
            not more than 90 days after the date on which the position 
            becomes vacant.
            ``(F) Meetings.--
                ``(i) In general.--The Committee shall meet in person 
            not less than twice each year.
                ``(ii) Office of tribal relations representative.--Not 
            fewer than 1 representative from the Office of Tribal 
            Relations of the Department shall be present at each 
            meeting of the Committee. 
                ``(iii) Department of interior representative.--The 
            Assistant Secretary for Indian Affairs of the Department of 
            the Interior (or a designee) shall be present at each 
            meeting of the Committee.
                ``(iv) Nonvoting representatives.--The individuals 
            described in clauses (ii) and (iii) shall be nonvoting 
            representatives at meetings of the Committee.
        ``(4) Duties of committee.--The Committee shall--
            ``(A) identify evolving issues of relevance to Indian 
        tribes relating to programs of the Department;
            ``(B) communicate to the Secretary the issues identified 
        under subparagraph (A);
            ``(C) submit to the Secretary recommendations for, and 
        solutions to--
                ``(i) the issues identified under subparagraph (A);
                ``(ii) issues raised at the Tribal, regional, or 
            national level; and
                ``(iii) issues relating to any Tribal consultation 
            carried out by the Department;
            ``(D) discuss issues and proposals for changes to the 
        regulations, policies, and procedures of the Department that 
        impact Indian tribes;
            ``(E) identify priorities and provide advice on appropriate 
        strategies for Tribal consultation on issues at the Tribal, 
        regional, or national level regarding the Department;
            ``(F) ensure that pertinent issues of the Department are 
        brought to the attention of an Indian tribe in a timely manner 
        so that timely feedback from an Indian tribe can be obtained; 
        and
            ``(G) identify and propose solutions to any 
        interdepartmental barrier between the Department and other 
        Federal agencies.
        ``(5) Reports.--
            ``(A) In general.--Not less frequently than once each year, 
        the Committee shall submit to the Secretary and the relevant 
        committees of Congress a report that describes--
                ``(i) the activities of the Committee during the 
            previous year; and
                ``(ii) recommendations for legislative or 
            administrative action for the following year.
            ``(B) Response from secretary.--Not more than 45 days after 
        the date on which the Secretary receives a report under 
        subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall submit a written response 
        to that report to--
                ``(i) the Committee; and
                ``(ii) the relevant committees of Congress.
        ``(6) Compensation of members.--Members of the Committee shall 
    be compensated at a rate equal to the daily equivalent of the 
    annual rate of basic pay prescribed for level IV of the Executive 
    Schedule under section 5315 of title 5, United States Code, for 
    each day (including travel time) during which the member is engaged 
    in the performance of the duties of the Committee.
        ``(7) Federal advisory committee act exemption.--Section 14 of 
    the Federal Advisory Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.) shall not apply 
    to the Committee.''.
SEC. 12304. BEGINNING FARMER AND RANCHER COORDINATION.
    Subtitle D of title VII of the Farm Security and Rural Investment 
Act of 2002 (as amended by sections 7506 and 12301(a)(1)) is further 
amended by inserting after section 7403 (7 U.S.C. 3119b note; Public 
Law 107-171) the following:
``SEC. 7404. BEGINNING FARMER AND RANCHER COORDINATION.
    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
        ``(1) Beginning farmer or rancher.--The term `beginning farmer 
    or rancher' has the meaning given such term in section 2501(a) of 
    the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 (7 
    U.S.C. 2279(a)).
        ``(2) National coordinator.--The term `National Coordinator' 
    means the National Beginning Farmer and Rancher Coordinator 
    established under subsection (b)(1).
        ``(3) State coordinator.--The term `State coordinator' means a 
    State beginning farmer and rancher coordinator designated under 
    subsection (c)(1)(A).
        ``(4) State office.--The term `State office' means--
            ``(A) a State office of--
                ``(i) the Farm Service Agency;
                ``(ii) the Natural Resources Conservation Service;
                ``(iii) the Rural Business-Cooperative Service; or
                ``(iv) the Rural Utilities Service; or
            ``(B) a regional office of the Risk Management Agency.
    ``(b) National Beginning Farmer and Rancher Coordinator.--
        ``(1) Establishment.--The Secretary shall establish in the 
    Department the position of National Beginning Farmer and Rancher 
    Coordinator.
        ``(2) Duties.--
            ``(A) In general.--The National Coordinator shall--
                ``(i) advise the Secretary and coordinate activities of 
            the Department on programs, policies, and issues relating 
            to beginning farmers and ranchers; and
                ``(ii) in consultation with the applicable State food 
            and agriculture council, determine whether to approve a 
            plan submitted by a State coordinator under subsection 
            (c)(3)(B).
            ``(B) Discretionary duties.--Additional duties of the 
        National Coordinator may include--
                ``(i) developing and implementing new strategies--

                    ``(I) for outreach to beginning farmers and 
                ranchers; and
                    ``(II) to assist beginning farmers and ranchers 
                with connecting to owners or operators that have ended, 
                or expect to end within 5 years, actively owning or 
                operating a farm or ranch; and

                ``(ii) facilitating interagency and interdepartmental 
            collaboration on issues relating to beginning farmers and 
            ranchers.
        ``(3) Reports.--Not less frequently than once each year, the 
    National Coordinator shall distribute within the Department and 
    make publicly available a report describing the status of steps 
    taken to carry out the duties described in subparagraphs (A) and 
    (B) of paragraph (2).
        ``(4) Contracts and cooperative agreements.--In carrying out 
    the duties under paragraph (2), the National Coordinator may enter 
    into a contract or cooperative agreement with an institution of 
    higher education (as defined in section 101 of the Higher Education 
    Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001)), cooperative extension services (as 
    defined in section 1404 of the National Agricultural Research, 
    Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3103)), or a 
    nonprofit organization--
            ``(A) to conduct research on the profitability of new farms 
        in operation for not less than 5 years in a region;
            ``(B) to develop educational materials;
            ``(C) to conduct workshops, courses, training, or certified 
        vocational training; or
            ``(D) to conduct mentoring activities.
    ``(c) State Beginning Farmer and Rancher Coordinators.--
        ``(1) In general.--
            ``(A) Designation.--The National Coordinator, in 
        consultation with State food and agriculture councils and 
        directors of State offices, shall designate in each State a 
        State beginning farmer and rancher coordinator from among 
        employees of State offices.
            ``(B) Requirements.--To be designated as a State 
        coordinator, an employee shall--
                ``(i) be familiar with issues relating to beginning 
            farmers and ranchers; and
                ``(ii) have the ability to coordinate with other 
            Federal departments and agencies.
        ``(2) Training.--The Secretary shall develop a training plan to 
    provide to each State coordinator knowledge of programs and 
    services available from the Department for beginning farmers and 
    ranchers, taking into consideration the needs of all production 
    types and sizes of agricultural operations.
        ``(3) Duties.--A State coordinator shall--
            ``(A) coordinate technical assistance at the State level to 
        assist beginning farmers and ranchers in accessing programs of 
        the Department;
            ``(B) develop and submit to the National Coordinator for 
        approval under subsection (b)(2)(A)(ii) a State plan to improve 
        the coordination, delivery, and efficacy of programs of the 
        Department to beginning farmers and ranchers, taking into 
        consideration the needs of all types of production methods and 
        sizes of agricultural operation, at each county and area office 
        in the State;
            ``(C) oversee implementation of an approved State plan 
        described in subparagraph (B);
            ``(D) work with outreach coordinators in the State offices 
        to ensure appropriate information about technical assistance is 
        available at outreach events and activities; and
            ``(E) coordinate partnerships and joint outreach efforts 
        with other organizations and government agencies serving 
        beginning farmers and ranchers.''.
SEC. 12305. AGRICULTURAL YOUTH ORGANIZATION COORDINATOR.
    Subtitle D of title VII of the Farm Security and Rural Investment 
Act of 2002 (as amended by sections 7506, section 12301(a)(1), and 
12304) is further amended by inserting after section 7404, as added by 
section 12304, the following:
``SEC. 7405. AGRICULTURAL YOUTH ORGANIZATION COORDINATOR.
    ``(a) Authorization.--The Secretary shall establish in the 
Department the position of Agricultural Youth Organization Coordinator.
    ``(b) Duties.--The Agricultural Youth Organization Coordinator 
shall--
        ``(1) promote the role of youth-serving organizations and 
    school-based agricultural education in motivating and preparing 
    young people to pursue careers in the agriculture, food, and 
    natural resources systems;
        ``(2) work to help build youth awareness of the reach and 
    importance of agriculture, across a diversity of fields and 
    disciplines;
        ``(3) identify short-term and long-term interests of the 
    Department and provide opportunities, resources, input, and 
    coordination with programs and agencies of the Department to youth-
    serving organizations and school-based agricultural education, 
    including the development of internship opportunities;
        ``(4) share, internally and externally, the extent to which 
    active steps are being taken to encourage collaboration with, and 
    support of, youth-serving organizations and school-based 
    agricultural education;
        ``(5) provide information to youth involved in food and 
    agriculture organizations concerning the availability of, and 
    eligibility requirements for, participation in agricultural 
    programs, with particular emphasis on beginning farmer and rancher 
    programs;
        ``(6) serve as a resource for assisting youth involved in food 
    and agriculture organizations in applying for participation in 
    agriculture; and
        ``(7) advocate on behalf of youth involved in food and 
    agriculture organizations in interactions with employees of the 
    Department.
    ``(c) Contracts and Cooperative Agreements.--For purposes of 
carrying out the duties under subsection (b), the Agricultural Youth 
Organization Coordinator shall consult with the cooperative extension 
and the land-grant university systems, and may enter into contracts or 
cooperative agreements with the research centers of the Agricultural 
Research Service, cooperative extension and the land-grant university 
systems, non-land-grant colleges of agriculture, or nonprofit 
organizations for--
        ``(1) the conduct of regional research on the profitability of 
    small farms;
        ``(2) the development of educational materials;
        ``(3) the conduct of workshops, courses, and certified 
    vocational training;
        ``(4) the conduct of mentoring activities; or
        ``(5) the provision of internship opportunities.''.
SEC. 12306. AVAILABILITY OF DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE PROGRAMS FOR 
VETERAN FARMERS AND RANCHERS.
    (a) Definition of Veteran Farmer or Rancher.--Paragraph (7) of 
subsection (a) (as redesignated by section 12301(b)(3)) of section 2501 
of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 
2279) is amended--
        (1) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``or'' at the end;
        (2) in subparagraph (B), by striking the period at the end and 
    inserting ``; or''; and
        (3) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(C) is a veteran (as defined in section 101 of that 
        title) who has first obtained status as a veteran (as so 
        defined) during the most recent 10-year period.''.
    (b) Federal Crop Insurance.--
        (1) Definition of veteran farmer or rancher.--Section 502(b) of 
    the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 1502(b)) (as amended by 
    section 11101) is amended by adding at the end the following:
        ``(14) Veteran farmer or rancher.--The term `veteran farmer or 
    rancher' means a farmer or rancher who--
            ``(A) has served in the Armed Forces (as defined in section 
        101 of title 38, United States Code); and
            ``(B)(i) has not operated a farm or ranch;
            ``(ii) has operated a farm or ranch for not more than 5 
        years; or
            ``(iii) is a veteran (as defined in section 101 of that 
        title) who has first obtained status as a veteran (as so 
        defined) during the most recent 5-year period.''.
        (2) Crop insurance.--Section 508 of the Federal Crop Insurance 
    Act (7 U.S.C. 1508) is amended--
            (A) in subsection (b)(5)(E)--
                (i) by striking ``The Corporation'' and inserting the 
            following:
                ``(i) In general.--The Corporation''; and
                (ii) in clause (i) (as so designated), by striking the 
            period at the end and inserting the following: ``, and 
            veteran farmers or ranchers.
                ``(ii) Coordination.--The Corporation shall coordinate 
            with other agencies of the Department that provide programs 
            or services to farmers and ranchers described in clause (i) 
            to make available coverage under the waiver under that 
            clause and to share eligibility information to reduce 
            paperwork and avoid duplication.'';
            (B) in subsection (e)(8)--
                (i) in the paragraph heading, by inserting ``and 
            veteran'' after ``beginning''; and
                (ii) by inserting ``or veteran farmer or rancher'' 
            after ``beginning farmer or rancher'' each place it 
            appears; and
            (C) in subsection (g)--
                (i) in paragraph (2)(B)(iii), in the matter preceding 
            subclause (I), by inserting ``or veteran farmer or 
            rancher'' after ``beginning farmer or rancher'' each place 
            it appears; and
                (ii) in paragraph (4)(B)(ii)(II), by inserting ``and 
            veteran farmers or ranchers'' after ``beginning farmers or 
            ranchers''.
        (3) Education and risk management assistance.--Paragraph (3) of 
    section 524(a) of the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 
    1524(a)), as redesignated by section 11125(a)(3), is amended--
            (A) in subparagraph (D)(ii), by striking ``and'' at the 
        end;
            (B) in subparagraph (E), by striking the period at the end 
        and inserting ``; and''; and
            (C) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(F) veteran farmers or ranchers.''.
    (c) Down Payment Loan Program.--Section 310E of the Consolidated 
Farm and Rural Development Act (7 U.S.C. 1935) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (a)(1), by striking ``qualified beginning 
    farmers or ranchers and socially disadvantaged farmers or 
    ranchers'' and inserting ``eligible farmers or ranchers'';
        (2) in subsection (d)--
            (A) in paragraph (2)(A), by striking ``recipients of the 
        loans'' and inserting ``farmers or ranchers'';
            (B) by striking paragraph (3) and inserting the following:
        ``(3) encourage retiring farmers and ranchers to assist in the 
    sale of their farms and ranches to eligible farmers or ranchers by 
    providing seller financing;'';
            (C) in paragraph (4), by striking ``for beginning farmers 
        or ranchers or socially disadvantaged farmers or ranchers'' and 
        inserting the following: ``for--
            ``(A) beginning farmers or ranchers;
            ``(B) socially disadvantaged farmers or ranchers, as 
        defined in section 355(e); or
            ``(C) veteran farmers or ranchers, as defined in section 
        2501(a) of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act 
        of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 2279(a)); and''; and
            (D) in paragraph (5), by striking ``a qualified beginning 
        farmer or rancher or socially disadvantaged farmer or rancher'' 
        and inserting ``an eligible farmer or rancher''; and
        (3) by striking subsection (e) and inserting the following:
    ``(e) Definition of Eligible Farmer or Rancher.--In this section, 
the term `eligible farmer or rancher' means--
        ``(1) a qualified beginning farmer or rancher;
        ``(2) a socially disadvantaged farmer or rancher, as defined in 
    section 355(e); and
        ``(3) a veteran farmer or rancher, as defined in section 
    2501(a) of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 
    1990 (7 U.S.C. 2279(a)).''.
    (d) Interest Rate Reduction Program.--Section 351(e)(2)(B) of the 
Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act (7 U.S.C. 1999(e)(2)(B)) is 
amended--
        (1) in the subparagraph heading, by inserting ``and veteran'' 
    after ``Beginning'';
        (2) in clause (i), by inserting ``or veteran farmers and 
    ranchers (as defined in section 2501(a) of the Food, Agriculture, 
    Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 2279(a)))'' before 
    the period at the end; and
        (3) in clause (ii), by striking ``beginning''.
    (e) National Food Safety Training, Education, Extension, Outreach, 
and Technical Assistance Program.--Section 405(c) of the Agricultural 
Research, Extension, and Education Reform Act of 1998 (7 U.S.C. 
7625(c)) is amended by inserting ``veteran farmers or ranchers (as 
defined in section 2501(a) of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and 
Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 2279(a))),'' after ``socially disadvantaged 
farmers,''.
    (f) Administration and Operation of Noninsured Crop Assistance 
Program.--Section 196 of the Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform 
Act of 1996 (7 U.S.C. 7333) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (k)(2), by inserting ``, or a veteran farmer 
    or rancher (as defined in section 2501(a) of the Food, Agriculture, 
    Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 2279(a)))'' before 
    the period at the end; and
        (2) in subsection (l), in paragraph (3) (as redesignated by 
    section 1601(7)(D))--
            (A) in the paragraph heading, by inserting ``veteran,'' 
        before ``and socially''; and
            (B) by inserting ``and veteran farmers or ranchers (as 
        defined in section 2501(a) of the Food, Agriculture, 
        Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 2279(a)))'' 
        before ``in exchange''.
    (g) Funding for Transition Option for Certain Farmers or 
Ranchers.--Section 1241(a)(1)(B) of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 
U.S.C. 3841(a)(1)(B)) is amended by striking ``beginning farmers or 
ranchers and socially disadvantaged farmers or ranchers'' and inserting 
``covered farmers or ranchers, as defined in section 1235(f)(1)''.
    (h) Supplemental Agricultural Disaster Assistance.--
        (1) Definition of covered producer.--Section 1501(a) of the 
    Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9081(a)) is amended--
            (A) by redesignating paragraphs (1) through (4) as 
        paragraphs (2) through (5), respectively; and
            (B) by inserting before paragraph (2) (as so redesignated) 
        the following:
        ``(1) Covered producer.--The term `covered producer' means an 
    eligible producer on a farm that is--
            ``(A) as determined by the Secretary--
                ``(i) a beginning farmer or rancher;
                ``(ii) a socially disadvantaged farmer or rancher; or
                ``(iii) a limited resource farmer or rancher; or
            ``(B) a veteran farmer or rancher, as defined in section 
        2501(a) of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act 
        of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 2279(a)).''.
        (2) Emergency assistance for livestock, honey bees, and farm-
    raised fish.--Section 1501(d) of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 
    U.S.C. 9081(d)) is amended by adding at the end the following:
        ``(4) Payment rate for covered producers.--In the case of a 
    covered producer that is eligible to receive assistance under this 
    subsection, the Secretary shall provide reimbursement of 90 percent 
    of the cost of losses described in paragraph (1) or (2).''.

   Subtitle D--Department of Agriculture Reorganization Act of 1994 
                               Amendments

SEC. 12401. OFFICE OF CONGRESSIONAL RELATIONS AND INTERGOVERNMENTAL 
AFFAIRS.
    (a) Assistant Secretaries of Agriculture.--Section 218(a)(1) of the 
Department of Agriculture Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 
6918(a)(1)) is amended by striking ``Relations'' and inserting 
``Relations and Intergovernmental Affairs''.
    (b) Succession.--Any official who is serving as the Assistant 
Secretary of Agriculture for Congressional Relations on the date of 
enactment of this Act and who was appointed by the President, by and 
with the advice and consent of the Senate, shall not be required to be 
reappointed as a result of the change made to the name of that position 
under the amendment made by subsection (a).
SEC. 12402. MILITARY VETERANS AGRICULTURAL LIAISON.
    Section 219 of the Department of Agriculture Reorganization Act of 
1994 (7 U.S.C. 6919) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (b)--
            (A) in paragraph (3), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (B) in paragraph (4), by striking the period at the end and 
        inserting a semicolon; and
            (C) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(5) establish and periodically update the website described 
    in subsection (d); and
        ``(6) in carrying out the duties described in paragraphs (1) 
    through (5), consult with and provide technical assistance to any 
    Federal agency, including the Department of Defense, the Department 
    of Veterans Affairs, the Small Business Administration, and the 
    Department of Labor.''; and
        (2) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(d) Website Required.--
        ``(1) In general.--The website required under subsection (b)(5) 
    shall include the following:
            ``(A) Positions identified within the Department of 
        Agriculture that are available to veterans for apprenticeships.
            ``(B) Apprenticeships, programs of training on the job, and 
        programs of education that are approved for purposes of chapter 
        36 of title 38, United States Code.
            ``(C) Employment skills training programs for members of 
        the Armed Forces carried out pursuant to section 1143(e) of 
        title 10, United States Code.
            ``(D) Information designed to assist businesses, nonprofit 
        entities, educational institutions, and farmers interested in 
        developing apprenticeships, on-the-job training, educational, 
        or entrepreneurial programs for veterans in navigating the 
        process of having a program approved by a State approving 
        agency for purposes of chapter 36 of title 38, United States 
        Code, including--
                ``(i) contact information for relevant offices in the 
            Department of Defense, Department of Veterans Affairs, 
            Department of Labor, and Small Business Administration;
                ``(ii) basic requirements for approval by each State 
            approving agency;
                ``(iii) recommendations with respect to training and 
            coursework to be used during apprenticeships or on-the-job 
            training that will enable a veteran to be eligible for 
            agricultural programs; and
                ``(iv) examples of successful programs and curriculums 
            that have been approved for purposes of chapter 36 of title 
            38, United States Code (with consent of the organization 
            and without any personally identifiable information).
        ``(2) Review of website.--
            ``(A) In general.--Not later than 5 years after the date of 
        enactment of this paragraph, and once every 5 years thereafter, 
        the Secretary shall conduct a study to determine if the website 
        required under subsection (b)(5) is effective in providing 
        veterans the information required under paragraph (1).
            ``(B) Ineffective website.--If the Secretary determines 
        that the website is not effective under subparagraph (A), the 
        Secretary shall--
                ``(i) notify the agriculture and veterans committees 
            described in subparagraph (C) of that determination; and
                ``(ii) not earlier than 180 days after the date on 
            which the Secretary provides notice under clause (i), 
            terminate the website.
            ``(C) Agriculture and veterans committees.--The agriculture 
        and veterans committees referred to in subparagraph (B)(i) 
        are--
                ``(i) the Committee on Agriculture of the House of 
            Representatives;
                ``(ii) the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and 
            Forestry of the Senate;
                ``(iii) the Committee on Veterans' Affairs of the House 
            of Representatives; and
                ``(iv) the Committee on Veterans' Affairs of the 
            Senate.
    ``(e) Consultation Required.--In carrying out this section, the 
Secretary shall consult with organizations that serve veterans.
    ``(f) Report.--
        ``(1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
    enactment of this subsection, and annually thereafter, the Military 
    Veterans Agricultural Liaison shall submit a report on beginning 
    farmer training for veterans and agricultural vocational and 
    rehabilitation programs for veterans to--
            ``(A) the Committee on Agriculture of the House of 
        Representatives;
            ``(B) the Committee on Veterans' Affairs of the House of 
        Representatives;
            ``(C) the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry 
        of the Senate; and
            ``(D) the Committee on Veterans' Affairs of the Senate.
        ``(2) Contents of report.--The report submitted under paragraph 
    (1) shall include--
            ``(A) a summary of the measures taken to carry out 
        subsections (b) and (c);
            ``(B) a description of the information provided to veterans 
        under paragraphs (1) and (2) of subsection (b);
            ``(C) recommendations for best informing veterans of the 
        programs described in paragraphs (1) and (2) of subsection (b);
            ``(D) a summary of the contracts or cooperative agreements 
        entered into under subsection (c);
            ``(E) a description of the programs implemented under 
        subsection (c);
            ``(F) a summary of the employment outreach activities 
        directed to veterans;
            ``(G) recommendations for how opportunities for veterans in 
        agriculture should be developed or expanded;
            ``(H) a summary of veteran farm lending data and a summary 
        of shortfalls, if any, identified by the Military Veterans 
        Agricultural Liaison in collecting data with respect to 
        veterans engaged in agriculture; and
            ``(I) recommendations, if any, on how to improve activities 
        under subsection (b).
    ``(g) Public Dissemination of Information.--
        ``(1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
    enactment of this subsection, and annually thereafter, the Military 
    Veterans Agricultural Liaison shall make publicly available and 
    share broadly, including by posting on the website of the 
    Department--
            ``(A) the report of the Military Veterans Agricultural 
        Liaison on beginning farmer training for veterans and 
        agricultural vocational and rehabilitation programs; and
            ``(B) the information disseminated under paragraphs (1) and 
        (2) of subsection (b).
        ``(2) Further dissemination.--Not later than the day before the 
    date on which the Military Veterans Agricultural Liaison makes 
    publicly available the information under paragraph (1), the 
    Military Veterans Agricultural Liaison shall provide that 
    information to the Department of Defense, the Department of 
    Veterans Affairs, the Small Business Administration, and the 
    Department of Labor.''.
SEC. 12403. CIVIL RIGHTS ANALYSES.
    (a) In General.--The Secretary shall conduct civil rights impact 
analyses in accordance with Departmental Regulation 4300-004 issued by 
the Department of Agriculture on October 17, 2016, with respect to the 
Department of Agriculture's employment, federally-conducted programs 
and activities, and federally-assisted programs and activities.
    (b) Study; Report.--
        (1) Study.--Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment 
    of this Act, the Comptroller General of the United States (referred 
    to in this section as the ``Comptroller General'') shall conduct a 
    study describing--
            (A) the effectiveness of the Department of Agriculture in 
        processing and resolving civil rights complaints;
            (B) minority participation rates in farm programs, 
        including a comparison of overall farmer and rancher 
        participation with minority farmer and rancher participation by 
        considering particular aspects of the programs of the 
        Department of Agriculture for producers, such as ownership 
        status, program participation, usage of permits, and waivers;
            (C) the realignment of the civil rights functions of the 
        Department of Agriculture, as outlined in Secretarial 
        Memorandum 1076-023 (March 9, 2018), including an analysis of 
        whether that realignment has any negative implications on the 
        civil rights functions of the Department;
            (D) efforts of the Department of Agriculture to identify 
        actions, programs, or activities of the Department of 
        Agriculture that may adversely affect employees, contractors, 
        or beneficiaries (including participants) of the action, 
        program, or activity based on the membership of the employees, 
        contractors, or beneficiaries in a group that is protected 
        under Federal law from discrimination in employment, 
        contracting, or provision of an action, program, or activity, 
        as applicable; and
            (E) efforts of the Department of Agriculture to 
        strategically plan actions to decrease discrimination and civil 
        rights complaints within the Department of Agriculture or in 
        the carrying out of the programs and authorities of the 
        Department of Agriculture.
        (2) Report.--Not later than 60 days after the date of 
    completion of the study under paragraph (1), the Comptroller 
    General shall submit a report describing the results of the study 
    to--
            (A) the Committee on Agriculture of the House of 
        Representatives; and
            (B) the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry 
        of the Senate.
SEC. 12404. FARM SERVICE AGENCY.
    (a) In General.--Section 226 of the Department of Agriculture 
Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 6932) is amended--
        (1) in the section heading, by striking ``consolidated farm'' 
    and inserting ``farm'';
        (2) in subsection (b), in the subsection heading, by striking 
    ``of Consolidated Farm Service Agency''; and
        (3) by striking ``Consolidated Farm'' each place it appears and 
    inserting ``Farm''.
    (b) Conforming Amendments.--
        (1) Section 246 of the Department of Agriculture Reorganization 
    Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 6962) is amended--
            (A) in subsection (c), by striking ``Consolidated Farm'' 
        each place it appears and inserting ``Farm''; and
            (B) in subsection (e)(2), by striking ``Consolidated Farm'' 
        each place it appears and inserting ``Farm''.
        (2) Section 271(2)(A) of the Department of Agriculture 
    Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 6991(2)(A)) is amended by 
    striking ``Consolidated Farm'' each place it appears and inserting 
    ``Farm''.
        (3) Section 275(b) of the Department of Agriculture 
    Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 6995(b)) is amended by 
    striking ``Consolidated Farm'' each place it appears and inserting 
    ``Farm''.
SEC. 12405. UNDER SECRETARY OF AGRICULTURE FOR FARM PRODUCTION AND 
CONSERVATION.
    (a) Office of Risk Management.--Section 226A(d)(1) of the 
Department of Agriculture Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 
6933(d)(1)) is amended by striking ``Under Secretary of Agriculture for 
Farm and Foreign Agricultural Services'' and inserting ``Under 
Secretary of Agriculture for Farm Production and Conservation''.
    (b) Multiagency Task Force.--Section 242(b)(3) of the Department of 
Agriculture Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 6952(b)(3)) is amended 
by striking ``Under Secretary for Farm and Foreign Agricultural 
Services'' and inserting ``Under Secretary of Agriculture for Farm 
Production and Conservation''.
    (c) Food Aid Consultative Group.--Section 205(b)(2) of the Food for 
Peace Act (7 U.S.C. 1725(b)(2)) is amended by striking ``Under 
Secretary of Agriculture for Farm and Foreign Agricultural Services'' 
and inserting ``Under Secretary of Agriculture for Trade and Foreign 
Agricultural Affairs''.
    (d) Interagency Committee on Minority Careers in International 
Affairs.--Section 625(c)(1)(A) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
U.S.C. 1131c(c)(1)(A)) is amended by striking ``Under Secretary'' and 
all that follows through ``designee'' and inserting ``Under Secretary 
of Agriculture for Trade and Foreign Agricultural Affairs, or the 
designee of that Under Secretary''.
SEC. 12406. OFFICE OF PARTNERSHIPS AND PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT.
    (a) Changing Name of Office.--
        (1) In general.--Section 226B of the Department of Agriculture 
    Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 6934) is amended--
            (A) in the section heading, by striking ``advocacy and 
        outreach'' and inserting ``partnerships and public 
        engagement''; and
            (B) by striking ``Advocacy and Outreach'' each place it 
        appears in subsections (a)(2), (b)(1), and (d)(4)(B) and 
        inserting ``Partnerships and Public Engagement''.
        (2) References.--Beginning on the date of the enactment of this 
    Act, any reference to the Office of Advocacy and Outreach 
    established under section 226B of the Department of Agriculture 
    Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 6934) in any provision of 
    Federal law shall be deemed to be a reference to the Office of 
    Partnerships and Public Engagement.
    (b) Increasing Outreach.--Section 226B of the Department of 
Agriculture Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 6934), as amended by 
subsection (a), is further amended--
        (1) in subsection (b)(1)--
            (A) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (B) in subparagraph (B)--
                (i) in clause (ii), by striking ``and'' at the end;
                (ii) in clause (iii), by striking the period at the end 
            and inserting a semicolon; and
                (iii) by adding at the end the following new clauses:
                ``(iv) limited resource producers; and
                ``(v) veteran farmers and ranchers; and''; and
            (C) by adding at the end the following new subparagraph:
            ``(C) to promote youth outreach.''; and
        (2) in subsection (c)--
            (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by inserting 
        ``veteran farmers and ranchers,'' after ``beginning farmers or 
        ranchers,'';
            (B) in paragraph (1), by striking ``or socially 
        disadvantaged'' and inserting ``socially disadvantaged, or 
        veteran''; and
            (C) in paragraph (5), by inserting ``veteran farmers or 
        ranchers,'' after ``beginning farmers or ranchers,''.
    (c) Authorization of Appropriations.--Section 226B(f)(3)(B) of the 
Department of Agriculture Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 
6934(f)(3)(B)) is amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.
SEC. 12407. UNDER SECRETARY OF AGRICULTURE FOR RURAL DEVELOPMENT.
    Section 231 of the Department of Agriculture Reorganization Act of 
1994 (7 U.S.C. 6941) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (a), by striking ``is authorized to'' and 
    inserting ``shall''; and
        (2) in subsection (b), by striking ``If the Secretary'' and all 
    that follows through ``the Under Secretary shall'' and inserting 
    ``The Under Secretary of Agriculture for Rural Development shall''.
SEC. 12408. ADMINISTRATOR OF THE RURAL UTILITIES SERVICE.
    (a) Rate of Pay.--
        (1) In general.--Section 232(b) of the Department of 
    Agriculture Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 6942(b)) is 
    amended to read as follows:
    ``(b) Administrator.--
        ``(1) Appointment.--The Rural Utilities Service shall be headed 
    by an Administrator who shall be appointed by the President.
        ``(2) Compensation.--The Administrator of the Rural Utilities 
    Service shall receive basic pay at a rate not to exceed the maximum 
    amount of compensation payable to a member of the Senior Executive 
    Service under subsection (b) of section 5382 of title 5, United 
    States Code.''.
        (2) Conforming amendment.--Section 5315 of title 5, United 
    States Code, is amended by striking ``Administrator, Rural 
    Utilities Service, Department of Agriculture.''.
    (b) Other Amendment Relating to Administrator.--Section 748 of the 
Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and 
Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2002 (7 U.S.C. 918b) is amended by 
inserting ``the Secretary of Agriculture, acting through'' before ``the 
Administrator of the Rural Utilities Service''.
SEC. 12409. RURAL HEALTH LIAISON.
    Subtitle C of title II of the Department of Agriculture 
Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 6941 et seq.) is amended by adding 
at the end the following:
    ``SEC. 236. RURAL HEALTH LIAISON.
    ``(a) Authorization.--The Secretary shall establish in the 
Department the position of Rural Health Liaison.
    ``(b) Duties.--The Rural Health Liaison shall--
        ``(1) in consultation with the Secretary of Health and Human 
    Services, coordinate the role of the Department with respect to 
    rural health;
        ``(2) integrate across the Department the strategic planning 
    and activities relating to rural health;
        ``(3) improve communication relating to rural health within the 
    Department and between Federal agencies;
        ``(4) advocate on behalf of the health care and relevant 
    infrastructure needs in rural areas;
        ``(5) provide to stakeholders, potential grant applicants, 
    Federal agencies, State agencies, Indian Tribes, private 
    organizations, and academic institutions relevant data and 
    information, including the eligibility requirements for, and 
    availability and outcomes of, Department programs applicable to the 
    advancement of rural health;
        ``(6) maintain communication with public health, medical, 
    occupational safety, and telecommunication associations, research 
    entities, and other stakeholders to ensure that the Department is 
    aware of current and upcoming issues relating to rural health;
        ``(7) consult on programs, pilot projects, research, training, 
    and other affairs relating to rural health at the Department and 
    other Federal agencies;
        ``(8) provide expertise on rural health to support the 
    activities of the Secretary as Chair of the Council on Rural 
    Community Innovation and Economic Development; and
        ``(9) provide technical assistance and guidance with respect to 
    activities relating to rural health to the outreach, extension, and 
    county offices of the Department.''.
SEC. 12410. NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE.
    (a) Field Offices.--Section 246 of the Department of Agriculture 
Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 6962) (as amended by section 
12404(b)(1)) is amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(g) Field Offices.--
        ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall not close any field 
    office of the Natural Resources Conservation Service unless, not 
    later than 30 days before the date of the closure, the Secretary 
    submits to the Committee on Agriculture of the House of 
    Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and 
    Forestry of the Senate a notification of the closure.
        ``(2) Employees.--The Secretary shall not permanently relocate 
    any field-based employees of the Natural Resources Conservation 
    Service or the rural development mission area if doing so would 
    result in a field office of the Natural Resources Conservation 
    Service or the rural development mission area with 2 or fewer 
    employees, unless, not later than 30 days before the date of the 
    permanent relocation, the Secretary submits to the Committee on 
    Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the Committee on 
    Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a notification 
    of the permanent relocation.
        ``(3) Sunset.--The requirements under paragraphs (1) and (2) 
    shall cease to be effective on September 30, 2023.''.
    (b) Technical Corrections.--Section 246 of the Department of 
Agriculture Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 6962) (as amended by 
subsection (a)) is further amended--
        (1) in subsection (b)--
            (A) by striking paragraph (2);
            (B) by redesignating paragraphs (3) through (6) as 
        paragraphs (2) through (5), respectively;
            (C) in paragraph (4) (as so redesignated), by inserting ``; 
        Public Law 101-624'' after ``note''; and
            (D) in paragraph (5) (as so redesignated), by striking 
        ``3831-3836'' and inserting ``3831 et seq.''; and
        (2) in subsection (c), in the matter preceding paragraph (1), 
    by striking ``paragraphs (1), (2), and (4) of subsection (b) and 
    the program under subchapter C of chapter 1 of subtitle D of title 
    XII of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3837-3837f)'' and 
    inserting ``paragraphs (1) and (3) of subsection (b)''.
    (c) Relocation in Act.--
        (1) In general.--Section 246 of the Department of Agriculture 
    Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 6962) (as amended by 
    subsections (a) and (b)) is--
            (A) redesignated as section 228; and
            (B) moved so as to appear at the end of subtitle B of title 
        II (7 U.S.C. 6931 et seq.).
        (2) Conforming amendments.--
            (A) Section 226 of the Department of Agriculture 
        Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 6932) (as amended by 
        section 12404(a)) is amended--
                (i) in subsection (b)(5), by striking ``section 
            246(b)'' and inserting ``section 228(b)''; and
                (ii) in subsection (g)(2), by striking ``section 
            246(b)'' and inserting ``section 228(b)''.
            (B) Section 271(2)(F) of the Department of Agriculture 
        Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 6991(2)(F)) is amended by 
        striking ``section 246(b)'' and inserting ``section 228(b)''.
SEC. 12411. OFFICE OF THE CHIEF SCIENTIST.
    (a) In General.--Section 251(e) of the Department of Agriculture 
Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 6971(e)) is amended--
        (1) in the subsection heading, by striking ``Research, 
    Education, and Extension Office'' and inserting ``Office of the 
    Chief Scientist'';
        (2) in paragraph (1), by striking ``Research, Education, and 
    Extension Office'' and inserting ``Office of the Chief Scientist'';
        (3) in paragraph (2), in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), 
    by striking ``Research, Education, and Extension Office'' and 
    inserting ``Office of the Chief Scientist'';
        (4) in paragraph (3)(C), by striking ``subparagraph (A) shall 
    not exceed 4 years'' and inserting ``clauses (i) and (iii) of 
    subparagraph (A) shall be for not less than 3 years'';
        (5) by redesignating paragraphs (4) and (5) as paragraphs (5) 
    and (6), respectively;
        (6) by inserting after paragraph (3) the following:
        ``(4) Additional leadership duties.--In addition to selecting 
    the Division Chiefs under paragraph (3), using available personnel 
    authority under title 5, United States Code, the Under Secretary 
    shall select personnel--
            ``(A) to oversee implementation, training, and compliance 
        with the scientific integrity policy of the Department;
            ``(B)(i) to integrate strategic program planning and 
        evaluation functions across the programs of the Department; and
            ``(ii) to help prepare the annual report to Congress on the 
        relevance and adequacy of programs under the jurisdiction of 
        the Under Secretary;
            ``(C) to assist the Chief Scientist in coordinating the 
        international engagements of the Department with the Department 
        of State and other international agencies and offices of the 
        Federal Government; and
            ``(D) to oversee other duties as may be required by Federal 
        law or Department policy.'';
        (7) in paragraph (5) (as so redesignated)--
            (A) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``Notwithstanding'' 
        and inserting the following:
                ``(i) Authorization of appropriations.--There is 
            authorized to be appropriated such sums as are necessary to 
            fund the costs of Division personnel.
                ``(ii) Additional funding.--In addition to amounts made 
            available under clause (i), notwithstanding''; and
            (B) in subparagraph (C)--
                (i) in clause (i), by striking ``and'' at the end;
                (ii) in clause (ii), by striking the period at the end 
            and inserting ``; and''; and
                (iii) by adding at the end the following:
                ``(iii) provides strong staff continuity to the Office 
            of the Chief Scientist.''; and
        (8) in paragraph (6) (as so redesignated), by striking 
    ``Research, Education and Extension Office'' and inserting ``Office 
    of the Chief Scientist''.
    (b) Conforming Amendments.--
        (1) Section 251(f)(5)(B) of the Department of Agriculture 
    Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 6971(f)(5)(B)) is amended by 
    striking ``Research, Education and Extension Office'' and inserting 
    ``Office of the Chief Scientist''.
        (2) Section 296(b)(6)(B) of the Department of Agriculture 
    Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 7014(b)(6)(B)) is amended by 
    striking ``Research, Education, and Extension Office'' and 
    inserting ``Office of the Chief Scientist''.
SEC. 12412. APPOINTMENT OF NATIONAL APPEALS DIVISION HEARING OFFICERS.
    Section 272(e) of the Department of Agriculture Reorganization Act 
of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 6992(e)) is amended to read as follows:
    ``(e) Division Personnel.--
        ``(1) In general.--The Director shall recommend to the 
    Secretary persons for appointment as hearing officers as are 
    necessary for the conduct of hearings under section 277. The 
    Director shall appoint such other employees as are necessary for 
    the administration of the Division. A hearing officer or other 
    employee of the Division shall have no duties other than those that 
    are necessary to carry out this subtitle. Each position of the 
    Division shall be filled by an individual who is not a political 
    appointee.
        ``(2) Political appointee.--In this subsection, the term 
    `political appointee' means an individual occupying--
            ``(A) a position described under sections 5312 through 5316 
        of title 5, United States Code (relating to the Executive 
        Schedule);
            ``(B) a noncareer position in the Senior Executive Service, 
        as described under section 3132(a)(7) of that title;
            ``(C) a position in the executive branch of the Government 
        of a confidential or policy-determining character under 
        schedule C of subpart C of part 213 of title 5, Code of Federal 
        Regulations; or
            ``(D) a position which has been excepted from the 
        competitive service by reason of its confidential, policy-
        determining, policy-making, or policy-advocating character.''.
SEC. 12413. TRADE AND FOREIGN AGRICULTURAL AFFAIRS.
    The Department of Agriculture Reorganization Act of 1994 is 
amended--
        (1) by redesignating subtitle J (7 U.S.C. 7011 et seq.) as 
    subtitle K; and
        (2) by inserting after subtitle I (7 U.S.C. 7005 et seq.) the 
    following:

          ``Subtitle J--Trade and Foreign Agricultural Affairs

    ``SEC. 287. UNDER SECRETARY OF AGRICULTURE FOR TRADE AND FOREIGN 
      AGRICULTURAL AFFAIRS.
    ``(a) Establishment.--There is established in the Department the 
position of Under Secretary of Agriculture for Trade and Foreign 
Agricultural Affairs.
    ``(b) Appointment.--The Under Secretary of Agriculture for Trade 
and Foreign Agricultural Affairs shall be appointed by the President, 
by and with the advice and consent of the Senate.
    ``(c) Functions.--
        ``(1) Principal functions.--The Secretary shall delegate to the 
    Under Secretary of Agriculture for Trade and Foreign Agricultural 
    Affairs those functions and duties under the jurisdiction of the 
    Department that are related to trade and foreign agricultural 
    affairs.
        ``(2) Additional functions.--The Under Secretary of Agriculture 
    for Trade and Foreign Agricultural Affairs shall perform such other 
    functions and duties as may be--
            ``(A) required by law; or
            ``(B) prescribed by the Secretary.''.
SEC. 12414. REPEALS.
    (a) Department of Agriculture Reorganization Act of 1994.--The 
following provisions of the Department of Agriculture Reorganization 
Act of 1994 are repealed:
        (1) Section 211 (7 U.S.C. 6911).
        (2) Section 213 (7 U.S.C. 6913).
        (3) Section 214 (7 U.S.C. 6914).
        (4) Section 217 (7 U.S.C. 6917).
        (5) Section 247 (7 U.S.C. 6963).
        (6) Section 252 (7 U.S.C. 6972).
        (7) Section 295 (7 U.S.C. 7013).
    (b) Other Provision.--Section 3208 of the Agricultural Act of 2014 
(7 U.S.C. 6935) is repealed.
    (c) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in the amendments made by this 
section shall be construed as affecting--
        (1) the authority of the Secretary to continue to carry out a 
    function vested in, and performed by, the Secretary as of the date 
    of enactment of this Act under any provision of Federal law other 
    than the provisions repealed by subsections (a) and (b); or
        (2) the authority of an agency, office, officer, or employee of 
    the Department of Agriculture to continue to perform all functions 
    delegated or assigned to the agency, office, officer, or employee 
    as of the date of enactment of this Act any provision of Federal 
    law other than the provisions repealed by subsections (a) and (b).
SEC. 12415. TECHNICAL CORRECTIONS.
    (a) Office of Risk Management.--Section 226A(a) of the Department 
of Agriculture Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 6933(a)) is amended 
by striking ``Subject to subsection (e), the Secretary'' and inserting 
``The Secretary''.
    (b) Correction of Error.--
        (1) Assistant secretaries of agriculture.--Section 218 of the 
    Department of Agriculture Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 
    6918) (as in effect on the day before the effective date of the 
    amendments made by section 2(a)(1) of the Presidential Appointment 
    Efficiency and Streamlining Act of 2011 (Public Law 112-166; 126 
    Stat. 1283, 1295)) is amended by striking ``Senate.'' in subsection 
    (b) and all that follows through ``responsibility for--'' in the 
    matter preceding paragraph (1) of subsection (d) and inserting the 
    following: ``Senate.
    ``(c) Duties of Assistant Secretary of Agriculture for Civil 
Rights.--The Secretary may delegate to the Assistant Secretary for 
Civil Rights responsibility for--''.
        (2) Effective date.--The amendments made by paragraph (1) take 
    effect on the effective date described in section 6(a) of the 
    Presidential Appointment Efficiency and Streamlining Act of 2011 
    (Public Law 112-166; 126 Stat. 1295).
SEC. 12416. TERMINATION OF AUTHORITY.
    Section 296(b) of the Department of Agriculture Reorganization Act 
of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 7014(b)) is amended by adding at the end the 
following:
        ``(9) The authority of the Secretary to carry out the 
    amendments made to this title by section 772 of the Agriculture, 
    Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related 
    Agencies Appropriations Act, 2018.
        ``(10) The authority of the Secretary to carry out the 
    amendments made to this title by the Agriculture Improvement Act of 
    2018.''.

               Subtitle E--Other Miscellaneous Provisions

              PART I--MISCELLANEOUS AGRICULTURE PROVISIONS

SEC. 12501. ACER ACCESS AND DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM.
    Section 12306(f) of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 
1632c(f)) is amended by striking ``2018'' and inserting ``2023''.
SEC. 12502. PROTECTING ANIMALS WITH SHELTER.
    (a) Crimes Related to Domestic Violence and Stalking Targeting 
Pets.--
        (1) Interstate stalking.--Section 2261A of title 18, United 
    States Code, is amended--
            (A) in paragraph (1)(A)--
                (i) in clause (ii), by striking ``or'' at the end; and
                (ii) by inserting after clause (iii) the following:
                ``(iv) the pet, service animal, emotional support 
            animal, or horse of that person; or''; and
            (B) in paragraph (2)(A)--
                (i) by inserting after ``to a person'' the following: 
            ``, a pet, a service animal, an emotional support animal, 
            or a horse''; and
                (ii) by striking ``or (iii)'' and inserting ``(iii), or 
            (iv)''.
        (2) Interstate violation of protection order.--Section 2262 of 
    title 18, United States Code, is amended--
            (A) in subsection (a)--
                (i) in paragraph (1), by inserting after ``another 
            person'' the following: ``or the pet, service animal, 
            emotional support animal, or horse of that person''; and
                (ii) in paragraph (2), by inserting after ``proximity 
            to, another person'' the following ``or the pet, service 
            animal, emotional support animal, or horse of that 
            person''; and
            (B) in subsection (b)(5), by inserting after ``in any other 
        case,'' the following: ``including any case in which the 
        offense is committed against a pet, service animal, emotional 
        support animal, or horse,''.
        (3) Restitution to include veterinary services.--Section 2264 
    of title 18, United States Code, is amended in subsection (b)(3)--
            (A) by redesignating subparagraph (F) as subparagraph (G);
            (B) in subparagraph (E), by striking ``and'' at the end; 
        and
            (C) by inserting after subparagraph (E) the following:
            ``(F) veterinary services relating to physical care for the 
        victim's pet, service animal, emotional support animal, or 
        horse; and''.
        (4) Definitions.--Section 2266 of title 18, United States Code, 
    is amended by inserting after paragraph (10) the following:
        ``(11) Pet.--The term `pet' means a domesticated animal, such 
    as a dog, cat, bird, rodent, fish, turtle, or other animal that is 
    kept for pleasure rather than for commercial purposes.
        ``(12) Emotional support animal.--The term `emotional support 
    animal' means an animal that is covered by the exclusion specified 
    in section 5.303 of title 24, Code of Federal Regulations (or a 
    successor regulation), and that is not a service animal.
        ``(13) Service animal.--The term `service animal' has the 
    meaning given the term in section 36.104 of title 28, Code of 
    Federal Regulations (or a successor regulation).''.
    (b) Emergency and Transitional Pet Shelter and Housing Assistance 
Grant Program.--
        (1) Grant program.--
            (A) In general.--The Secretary, acting in consultation with 
        the Office of the Violence Against Women of the Department of 
        Justice, the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, and 
        the Secretary of Health and Human Services, shall award grants 
        under this subsection to eligible entities to carry out 
        programs to provide the assistance described in paragraph (3) 
        with respect to victims of domestic violence, dating violence, 
        sexual assault, or stalking and the pets, service animals, 
        emotional support animals, or horses of such victims.
            (B) Memorandum of understanding.--The Secretary may enter 
        into a memorandum of understanding with the head of another 
        Department or agency, as appropriate, to carry out any of the 
        authorities provided to the Secretary under this section.
        (2) Application.--
            (A) In general.--An eligible entity seeking a grant under 
        this subsection shall submit an application to the Secretary at 
        such time, in such manner, and containing such information as 
        the Secretary may reasonably require, including--
                (i) a description of the activities for which a grant 
            under this subsection is sought;
                (ii) such assurances as the Secretary determines to be 
            necessary to ensure compliance by the entity with the 
            requirements of this subsection; and
                (iii) a certification that the entity, before engaging 
            with any individual domestic violence victim, will disclose 
            to the victim any mandatory duty of the entity to report 
            instances of abuse and neglect (including instances of 
            abuse and neglect of pets, service animals, emotional 
            support animals, or horses).
            (B) Additional requirements.--In addition to the 
        requirements of subparagraph (A), each application submitted by 
        an eligible entity under that subparagraph shall--
                (i) not include proposals for any activities that may 
            compromise the safety of a domestic violence victim, 
            including--

                    (I) background checks of domestic violence victims; 
                or
                    (II) clinical evaluations to determine the 
                eligibility of such a victim for support services;

                (ii) not include proposals that would require mandatory 
            services for victims or that a victim obtain a protective 
            order in order to receive proposed services; and
                (iii) reflect the eligible entity's understanding of 
            the dynamics of domestic violence, dating violence, sexual 
            assault, or stalking.
            (C) Rules of construction.--Nothing in this paragraph shall 
        be construed to require--
                (i) domestic violence victims to participate in the 
            criminal justice system in order to receive services; or
                (ii) eligible entities receiving a grant under this 
            subsection to breach client confidentiality.
        (3) Use of funds.--Grants awarded under this subsection may 
    only be used for programs that provide--
            (A) emergency and transitional shelter and housing 
        assistance for domestic violence victims with pets, service 
        animals, emotional support animals, or horses, including 
        assistance with respect to any construction or operating 
        expenses of newly developed or existing emergency and 
        transitional pet, service animal, emotional support animal, or 
        horse shelter and housing (regardless of whether such shelter 
        and housing is co-located at a victim service provider or 
        within the community);
            (B) short-term shelter and housing assistance for domestic 
        violence victims with pets, service animals, emotional support 
        animals, or horses, including assistance with respect to 
        expenses incurred for the temporary shelter, housing, boarding, 
        or fostering of the pets, service animals, emotional support 
        animals, or horses of domestic violence victims and other 
        expenses that are incidental to securing the safety of such a 
        pet, service animal, emotional support animal, or horse during 
        the sheltering, housing, or relocation of such victims;
            (C) support services designed to enable a domestic violence 
        victim who is fleeing a situation of domestic violence, dating 
        violence, sexual assault, or stalking to--
                (i) locate and secure--

                    (I) safe housing with the victim's pet, service 
                animal, emotional support animal, or horse; or
                    (II) safe accommodations for the victim's pet, 
                service animal, emotional support animal, or horse; or

                (ii) provide the victim with pet, service animal, 
            emotional support animal, or horse related services, such 
            as transportation, care services, and other assistance; or
            (D) for the training of relevant stakeholders on--
                (i) the link between domestic violence, dating 
            violence, sexual assault, or stalking and the abuse and 
            neglect of pets, service animals, emotional support 
            animals, and horses;
                (ii) the needs of domestic violence victims;
                (iii) best practices for providing support services to 
            such victims;
                (iv) best practices for providing such victims with 
            referrals to victims' services; and
                (v) the importance of confidentiality.
        (4) Grant conditions.--An eligible entity that receives a grant 
    under this subsection shall, as a condition of such receipt, 
    agree--
            (A) to be bound by the nondisclosure of confidential 
        information requirements of section 40002(b)(2) of the Violence 
        Against Women Act of 1994 (34 U.S.C. 12291(b)(2)); and
            (B) that the entity shall not condition the receipt of 
        support, housing, or other benefits provided pursuant to this 
        subsection on the participation of domestic violence victims in 
        any or all of the support services offered to such victims 
        through a program carried out by the entity using grant funds.
        (5) Duration of assistance provided to victims.--
            (A) In general.--Subject to subparagraph (B), assistance 
        provided with respect to a pet, service animal, emotional 
        support animal, or horse of a domestic violence victim using 
        grant funds awarded under this subsection shall be provided for 
        a period of not more than 24 months.
            (B) Extension.--An eligible entity that receives a grant 
        under this subsection may extend the 24-month period referred 
        to in subparagraph (A) for a period of not more than 6 months 
        in the case of a domestic violence victim who--
                (i) has made a good faith effort to acquire permanent 
            housing for the victim and the victim's pet, service 
            animal, emotional support animal, or horse during that 24-
            month period; and
                (ii) has been unable to acquire such permanent housing 
            within that period.
        (6) Report to the secretary.--Not later than 1 year after the 
    date on which an eligible entity receives a grant under this 
    subsection and each year thereafter in which the grant funds are 
    used, the entity shall submit to the Secretary a report that 
    contains, with respect to assistance provided by the entity to 
    domestic violence victims with pets, service animals, emotional 
    support animals, or horses using grant funds received under this 
    subsection, information on--
            (A) the number of domestic violence victims with pets, 
        service animals, emotional support animals, or horses provided 
        such assistance; and
            (B) the purpose, amount, type of, and duration of such 
        assistance.
        (7) Report to congress.--
            (A) Reporting requirement.--Not later than November 1 of 
        each even-numbered fiscal year, the Secretary shall submit to 
        the Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives 
        and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of 
        the Senate a report that contains a compilation of the 
        information contained in the reports submitted under paragraph 
        (6).
            (B) Availability of report.--The Secretary shall transmit a 
        copy of the report submitted under subparagraph (A) to--
                (i) the Office on Violence Against Women of the 
            Department of Justice;
                (ii) the Office of Community Planning and Development 
            of the Department of Housing and Urban Development; and
                (iii) the Administration for Children and Families of 
            the Department of Health and Human Services.
        (8) Authorization of appropriations.--
            (A) In general.--There is authorized to be appropriated to 
        carry out this subsection $3,000,000 for each of fiscal years 
        2019 through 2023.
            (B) Limitation.--Of the amount made available under 
        subparagraph (A) in any fiscal year, not more than 5 percent 
        may be used for evaluation, monitoring, salaries, and 
        administrative expenses.
        (9) Definitions.--In this subsection:
            (A) Domestic violence victim defined.--The term ``domestic 
        violence victim'' means a victim of domestic violence, dating 
        violence, sexual assault, or stalking.
            (B) Eligible entity.--The term ``eligible entity'' means--
                (i) a State;
                (ii) a unit of local government;
                (iii) an Indian tribe; or
                (iv) any other organization that has a documented 
            history of effective work concerning domestic violence, 
            dating violence, sexual assault, or stalking (as determined 
            by the Secretary), including--

                    (I) a domestic violence and sexual assault victim 
                service provider;
                    (II) a domestic violence and sexual assault 
                coalition;
                    (III) a community-based and culturally specific 
                organization;
                    (IV) any other nonprofit, nongovernmental 
                organization; and
                    (V) any organization that works directly with pets, 
                service animals, emotional support animals, or horses 
                and collaborates with any organization referred to in 
                clauses (i) through (iv), including--

                        (aa) an animal shelter; and
                        (bb) an animal welfare organization.
            (C) Emotional support animal.--The term ``emotional support 
        animal'' means an animal that is covered by the exclusion 
        specified in section 5.303 of title 24, Code of Federal 
        Regulations (or a successor regulation), and that is not a 
        service animal.
            (D) Pet.--The term ``pet'' means a domesticated animal, 
        such as a dog, cat, bird, rodent, fish, turtle, or other animal 
        that is kept for pleasure rather than for commercial purposes.
            (E) Service animal.--The term ``service animal'' has the 
        meaning given the term in section 36.104 of title 28, Code of 
        Federal Regulations (or a successor regulation).
            (F) Other terms.--Except as otherwise provided in this 
        subsection, terms used in this section shall have the meaning 
        given such terms in section 40002(a) of the Violence Against 
        Women Act of 1994 (34 U.S.C. 12291(a)).
    (c) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that States 
should encourage the inclusion of protections against violent or 
threatening acts against the pet, service animal, emotional support 
animal, or horse of a person in domestic violence protection orders.
SEC. 12503. MARKETING ORDERS.
    Section 8e(a) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act (7 U.S.C. 608e-
1(a)), reenacted with amendments by the Agricultural Marketing 
Agreement Act of 1937, is amended by inserting ``cherries, pecans,'' 
after ``walnuts,''.
SEC. 12504. ESTABLISHMENT OF FOOD LOSS AND WASTE REDUCTION LIAISON.
    Subtitle A of the Department of Agriculture Reorganization Act of 
1994 (7 U.S.C. 6901 et seq.), as amended by sections 12202, 12302, and 
12403, is further amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``SEC. 224. FOOD LOSS AND WASTE REDUCTION LIAISON.
    ``(a) Establishment.--The Secretary shall establish a Food Loss and 
Waste Reduction Liaison to coordinate Federal, State, local, and 
nongovernmental programs, and other efforts, to measure and reduce the 
incidence of food loss and waste in accordance with this section.
    ``(b) In General.--The Food Loss and Waste Reduction Liaison 
shall--
        ``(1) coordinate food loss and waste reduction efforts within 
    the Department of Agriculture and with other Federal agencies, 
    including the Environmental Protection Agency and the Food and Drug 
    Administration;
        ``(2) support and promote Federal programs to measure and 
    reduce the incidence of food loss and waste and increase food 
    recovery;
        ``(3) provide information to, and serve as a resource for, 
    entities engaged in food loss and waste reduction and food 
    recovery, including information about the availability of, and 
    eligibility requirements for, participation in Federal, State, 
    local, and nongovernmental programs;
        ``(4) raise awareness of the liability protections afforded 
    under the Bill Emerson Good Samaritan Food Donation Act (42 U.S.C. 
    1791) to persons engaged in food loss and waste reduction and food 
    recovery; and
        ``(5) make recommendations with respect to expanding innovative 
    food recovery models and reducing the incidence of food loss and 
    waste.
    ``(c) Cooperative Agreements.--For purposes of carrying out the 
duties under subsection (b), the Food Loss and Waste Reduction Liaison 
may enter into contracts or cooperative agreements with the research 
centers of the Research, Education, and Economics mission area, 
institutions of higher education (as defined in section 101 of the 
Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001)), or nonprofit 
organizations for--
        ``(1) the development of educational materials;
        ``(2) the conduct of workshops and courses; or
        ``(3) the conduct of research on best practices with respect to 
    food loss and waste reduction and food recovery.
    ``(d) Study on Food Waste.--The Secretary shall conduct a study, in 
consultation with the Food Loss and Waste Reduction Liaison, to 
evaluate and determine--
        ``(1) methods of measuring food waste;
        ``(2) standards for the volume of food waste;
        ``(3) factors that contribute to food waste;
        ``(4) the cost and volume of food loss;
        ``(5) the effectiveness of existing liability protections 
    afforded under the Bill Emerson Good Samaritan Food Donation Act 
    (42 U.S.C. 1791); and
        ``(6) measures to ensure that programs contemplated, 
    undertaken, or funded by the Department of Agriculture do not 
    disrupt existing food waste recovery and disposal efforts by 
    commercial, marketing, or business relationships.
    ``(e) Reports.--
        ``(1) Initial report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
    enactment of this section, the Food Loss and Waste Liaison shall 
    submit to the Committee on Agriculture of the House of 
    Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and 
    Forestry of the Senate a report that describes the results of the 
    study conducted under subsection (d).
        ``(2) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the 
    submission of the report under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall 
    submit to the Committee on Agriculture of the House of 
    Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and 
    Forestry of the Senate a report that contains, with respect to the 
    preceding year--
            ``(A) an estimate of the quantity of food waste during such 
        year; and
            ``(B) the results of the food waste reduction and loss 
        prevention activities carried out or led by the Department of 
        Agriculture.''.
SEC. 12505. REPORT ON BUSINESS CENTERS.
    (a) In General.--Not later than 365 days after the date of 
enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of the United States 
shall submit to the Committee on Agriculture of the House of 
Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and 
Forestry of the Senate a report evaluating each business center 
established in the Department of Agriculture.
    (b) Inclusions.--The report under subsection (a) shall include--
        (1) an examination of the effectiveness of each business center 
    in carrying out its mission, including any recommendations to 
    improve the operation of and function of any of those business 
    centers; and
        (2) an evaluation of--
            (A) the impact the business centers have on customer 
        service of the Department of Agriculture;
            (B) the impact on the annual budget for agencies the budget 
        offices of which have been relocated to the business center, 
        and the effectiveness of funds used to support the business 
        centers, including an accounting of all discretionary and 
        mandatory funding provided to the business center for 
        conservation and farm services from--
                (i) the Natural Resources Conservation Service;
                (ii) the Farm Service Agency; and
                (iii) the Risk Management Agency;
            (C) funding described in subparagraph (B) spent on 
        information technology modernizations;
            (D) the impact that the business centers have had on the 
        human resources of the Department of Agriculture, including 
        hiring;
            (E) any concerns or problems with the business centers; and
            (F) any positive or negative impact that the business 
        centers have had on the functionality of the Department of 
        Agriculture.
SEC. 12506. REPORT ON PERSONNEL.
    For the period of fiscal years 2019 through 2023, the Secretary 
shall submit to the Committee on Agriculture of the House of 
Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and 
Forestry of the Senate a biannual report describing the number of staff 
years and employees of each agency of the Department of Agriculture.
SEC. 12507. REPORT ON ABSENT LANDLORDS.
    (a) In General.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment 
of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to Congress a report describing 
the effects of absent landlords on the long-term economic health of 
agricultural production, including the effect of absent landlords on--
        (1) land valuation;
        (2) soil health; and
        (3) the economic stability of rural communities.
    (b) Contents.--The report under subsection (a) shall include--
        (1) a description of the positive and negative effects of an 
    absent landlord on the land owned by the landlord, including--
            (A) the effect of an absent landlord on the long-term value 
        of the land; and
            (B) the environmental and economic impact of an absent 
        landlord on the surrounding community; and
        (2) recommendations to policymakers concerning how to mitigate 
    those effects when necessary.
SEC. 12508. CENTURY FARMS PROGRAM.
    The Secretary shall establish a program under which the Secretary 
recognizes any farm that--
        (1) a State department of agriculture or similar statewide 
    agricultural organization recognizes as a Century Farm; or
        (2)(A) is defined as a farm or ranch under section 4284.902 of 
    title 7, Code of Federal Regulations (as in effect on the date of 
    enactment of this Act);
        (B) has been in continuous operation for at least 100 years; 
    and
        (C) has been owned by the same family for at least 100 
    consecutive years, as verified through deeds, wills, abstracts, tax 
    statements, or other similar legal documents considered appropriate 
    by the Secretary.
SEC. 12509. REPORT ON IMPORTATION OF LIVE DOGS.
    (a) In General.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on 
Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the Committee on 
Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report on the 
importation of live dogs into the United States.
    (b) Contents.--The report submitted under subsection (a) shall 
include, with respect to the importation of live dogs into the United 
States for each of the 3 most recent calendar years for which data are 
available--
        (1) the total number of live dogs imported;
        (2) the number of live dogs imported as personal pets;
        (3) the number of live dogs imported for resale (as defined in 
    section 18(a) of the Animal Welfare Act (7 U.S.C. 2148(a));
        (4) the number of live dogs for which importation was requested 
    but denied due to the proposed importation failing to meet the 
    requirements under--
            (A) section 18 of the Animal Welfare Act (7 U.S.C. 2148);
            (B) section 71.51 of title 42, Code of Federal Regulations 
        (or any successor regulations); or
            (C) any other Federal law; and
        (5) any recommendations of the Secretary for modifications to 
    Federal law (including regulations) relating to the importation of 
    live dogs, including for the protection of public health.
    (c) Provision of Information.--To facilitate the preparation of the 
report submitted under subsection (a), not later than 180 days after 
the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Commerce, the 
Secretary of Health and Human Services, and the Secretary of Homeland 
Security shall each provide to the Secretary of Agriculture all 
available data and information relating to the importation of live dogs 
into the United States, including--
        (1) the data described in paragraphs (1) through (4) of 
    subsection (b) for each of the 3 most recent calendar years for 
    which data is available; and
        (2) any recommendations for modifications to Federal law 
    (including regulations) relating to the importation of live dogs, 
    including for the protection of public health.
SEC. 12510. TRIBAL PROMISE ZONES.
    (a) In General.--In this section, the term ``Tribal Promise Zone'' 
means an area that--
        (1) is nominated by 1 or more Indian tribes (as defined in 
    section 4(13) of the Native American Housing Assistance and Self-
    Determination Act of 1996 (25 U.S.C. 4103(13))) for designation as 
    a Tribal Promise Zone (in this section referred to as a ``nominated 
    zone'');
        (2) has a continuous boundary; and
        (3) the Secretary designates as a Tribal Promise Zone, after 
    consultation with the Secretary of Commerce, the Secretary of 
    Education, the Attorney General, the Secretary of the Interior, the 
    Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, the Secretary of Health 
    and Human Services, the Secretary of Labor, the Secretary of the 
    Treasury, the Secretary of Transportation, and other agencies as 
    appropriate.
    (b) Authorization and Number of Designations.--Not later than 1 
year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall 
nominate a minimum number of nominated zones, as determined by the 
Secretary in consultation with Indian tribes, to be designated as 
Tribal Promise Zones.
    (c) Period of Designations.--
        (1) In general.--The Secretary shall designate nominated zones 
    as Tribal Promise Zones before January 1, 2020.
        (2) Effective dates of designations.--The designation of any 
    Tribal Promise Zone shall take effect--
            (A) for purposes of priority consideration in Federal grant 
        programs and initiatives (other than this section), upon 
        execution of the Tribal Promise Zone agreement with the 
        Secretary; and
            (B) for purposes of this section, on January 1 of the first 
        calendar year beginning after the date of the execution of the 
        Tribal Promise Zone agreement.
        (3) Termination of designations.--The designation of any Tribal 
    Promise Zone shall end on the earlier of--
            (A)(i) with respect to a Tribal Promise Zone not described 
        in paragraph (4), the end of the 10-year period beginning on 
        the date that such designation takes effect; or
            (ii) with respect to a Tribal Promise Zone described in 
        paragraph (4), the end of the 10-year period beginning on the 
        date the area was designated as a Tribal Promise Zone before 
        the date of the enactment of this Act; or
            (B) the date of the revocation of such designation.
        (4) Application to certain zones already designated.--In the 
    case of any area designated as a Tribal Promise Zone by the 
    Secretary before the date of the enactment of this Act, such area 
    shall be deemed a Tribal Promise Zone designated under this section 
    (notwithstanding whether any such designation has been revoked 
    before the date of the enactment of this Act) and shall reduce the 
    number of Tribal Promise Zones remaining to be designated under 
    paragraph (1).
    (d) Limitations on Designations.--No area may be designated under 
this section unless--
        (1) the entities nominating the area have the authority to 
    nominate the area of designation under this section;
        (2) such entities provide written assurances satisfactory to 
    the Secretary that the competitiveness plan described in the 
    application under subsection (e) for such area will be implemented 
    and that such entities will provide the Secretary with such data 
    regarding the economic conditions of the area (before, during, and 
    after the area's period of designation as a Tribal Promise Zone) as 
    the Secretary may require; and
        (3) the Secretary determines that any information furnished is 
    reasonably accurate.
    (e) Application.--No area may be designated under this section 
unless the application for such designation--
        (1) demonstrates that the nominated zone satisfies the 
    eligibility criteria described in subsection (a); and
        (2) includes a competitiveness plan that--
            (A) addresses the need of the nominated zone to attract 
        investment and jobs and improve educational opportunities;
            (B) leverages the nominated zone's economic strengths and 
        outlines targeted investments to develop competitive 
        advantages;
            (C) demonstrates collaboration across a wide range of 
        stakeholders;
            (D) outlines a strategy that connects the nominated zone to 
        drivers of regional economic growth; and
            (E) proposes a strategy for focusing on increased access to 
        high quality affordable housing and improved public safety.
    (f) Selection Criteria.--
        (1) In general.--From among the nominated zones eligible for 
    designation under this section, the Secretary shall designate 
    Tribal Promise Zones on the basis of--
            (A) the effectiveness of the competitiveness plan submitted 
        under subsection (e) and the assurances made under subsection 
        (d);
            (B) unemployment rates, poverty rates, vacancy rates, crime 
        rates, and such other factors as the Secretary may identify, 
        including household income, labor force participation, and 
        educational attainment; and
            (C) other criteria as determined by the Secretary.
        (2) Minimal standards.--The Secretary may set minimal standards 
    for the levels of unemployment and poverty that must be satisfied 
    for designation as a Tribal Promise Zone.
SEC. 12511. PRECISION AGRICULTURE CONNECTIVITY.
    (a) Findings.--Congress finds the following:
        (1) Precision agriculture technologies and practices allow 
    farmers to significantly increase crop yields, eliminate overlap in 
    operations, and reduce inputs such as seed, fertilizer, pesticides, 
    water, and fuel.
        (2) These technologies allow farmers to collect data in real 
    time about their fields, automate field management, and maximize 
    resources.
        (3) Studies estimate that precision agriculture technologies 
    can reduce agricultural operation costs by up to 25 dollars per 
    acre and increase farm yields by up to 70 percent by 2050.
        (4) The critical cost savings and productivity benefits of 
    precision agriculture cannot be realized without the availability 
    of reliable broadband Internet access service delivered to the 
    agricultural land of the United States.
        (5) The deployment of broadband Internet access service to 
    unserved agricultural land is critical to the United States economy 
    and to the continued leadership of the United States in global food 
    production.
        (6) Despite the growing demand for broadband Internet access 
    service on agricultural land, broadband Internet access service is 
    not consistently available where needed for agricultural 
    operations.
        (7) The Federal Communications Commission has an important role 
    to play in the deployment of broadband Internet access service on 
    unserved agricultural land to promote precision agriculture.
    (b) Task Force.--
        (1) Definitions.--In this subsection:
            (A)(i) The term ``broadband Internet access service'' means 
        a mass-market retail service by wire or radio that provides the 
        capability to transmit data to, and receive data from, all or 
        substantially all Internet endpoints, including any 
        capabilities that are incidental to, and enable the operation 
        of, the communications service, but excluding dial up internet 
        access service.
            (ii) Such term includes any service the Commission finds to 
        be providing a functional equivalent of the service described 
        in clause (i).
            (B) The term ``Commission'' means the Federal 
        Communications Commission.
            (C) The term ``Department'' means the Department of 
        Agriculture.
            (D) The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary of 
        Agriculture.
            (E) The term ``Task Force'' means the Task Force for 
        Reviewing the Connectivity and Technology Needs of Precision 
        Agriculture in the United States established under paragraph 
        (2).
        (2) Establishment.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
    enactment of this Act, the Commission shall establish the Task 
    Force for Reviewing the Connectivity and Technology Needs of 
    Precision Agriculture in the United States.
        (3) Duties.--
            (A) In general.--The Task Force shall consult with the 
        Secretary, or a designee of the Secretary, and collaborate with 
        public and private stakeholders in the agriculture and 
        technology fields to--
                (i) identify and measure current gaps in the 
            availability of broadband Internet access service on 
            agricultural land;
                (ii) develop policy recommendations to promote the 
            rapid, expanded deployment of broadband Internet access 
            service on unserved agricultural land, with a goal of 
            achieving reliable capabilities on 95 percent of 
            agricultural land in the United States by 2025;
                (iii) promote effective policy and regulatory solutions 
            that encourage the adoption of broadband Internet access 
            service on farms and ranches and promote precision 
            agriculture;
                (iv) recommend specific new rules or amendments to 
            existing rules of the Commission that the Commission should 
            issue to achieve the goals and purposes of the policy 
            recommendations described in clause (ii);
                (v) recommend specific steps that the Commission should 
            take to obtain reliable and standardized data measurements 
            of the availability of broadband Internet access service as 
            may be necessary to target funding support, from future 
            programs of the Commission dedicated to the deployment of 
            broadband Internet access service, to unserved agricultural 
            land in need of broadband Internet access service; and
                (vi) recommend specific steps that the Commission 
            should consider to ensure that the expertise of the 
            Secretary and available farm data are reflected in future 
            programs of the Commission dedicated to the infrastructure 
            deployment of broadband Internet access service and to 
            direct available funding to unserved agricultural land 
            where needed.
            (B) No duplicate data reporting.--In performing the duties 
        of the Commission under subparagraph (A), the Commission shall 
        ensure that no provider of broadband Internet access service is 
        required to report data to the Commission that is, on the day 
        before the date of enactment of this Act, required to be 
        reported by the provider of broadband Internet access service.
            (C) Hold harmless.--The Task Force and the Commission shall 
        not interpret the phrase ``future programs of the Commission'', 
        as used in clauses (v) and (vi) of subparagraph (A), to include 
        the universal service programs of the Commission established 
        under section 254 of the Communications Act of 1934 (47 U.S.C. 
        254).
            (D) Consultation.--The Secretary, or a designee of the 
        Secretary, shall explain and make available to the Task Force 
        the expertise, data mapping information, and resources of the 
        Department that the Department uses to identify cropland, 
        ranchland, and other areas with agricultural operations that 
        may be helpful in developing the recommendations required under 
        subparagraph (A).
            (E) List of available federal programs and resources.--Not 
        later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, 
        the Secretary and the Commission shall jointly submit to the 
        Task Force a list of all Federal programs or resources 
        available for the expansion of broadband Internet access 
        service on unserved agricultural land to assist the Task Force 
        in carrying out the duties of the Task Force.
        (4) Membership.--
            (A) In general.--The Task Force shall be--
                (i) composed of not more than 15 voting members who 
            shall--

                    (I) be selected by the Chairman of the Commission, 
                in consultation with the Secretary; and
                    (II) include--

                        (aa) agricultural producers representing 
                    diverse geographic regions and farm sizes, 
                    including owners and operators of farms of less 
                    than 100 acres;
                        (bb) an agricultural producer representing 
                    tribal agriculture;
                        (cc) Internet service providers, including 
                    regional or rural fixed and mobile broadband 
                    Internet access service providers and 
                    telecommunications infrastructure providers;
                        (dd) representatives from the electric 
                    cooperative industry;
                        (ee) representatives from the satellite 
                    industry;
                        (ff) representatives from precision agriculture 
                    equipment manufacturers, including drone 
                    manufacturers, manufacturers of autonomous 
                    agricultural machinery, and manufacturers of 
                    farming robotics technologies;
                        (gg) representatives from State and local 
                    governments; and
                        (hh) representatives with relevant expertise in 
                    broadband network data collection, geospatial 
                    analysis, and coverage mapping; and
                (ii) fairly balanced in terms of technologies, points 
            of view, and fields represented on the Task Force.
            (B) Period of appointment; vacancies.--
                (i) In general.--A member of the Committee appointed 
            under subparagraph (A)(i) shall serve for a single term of 
            2 years.
                (ii) Vacancies.--Any vacancy in the Task Force--

                    (I) shall not affect the powers of the Task Force; 
                and
                    (II) shall be filled in the same manner as the 
                original appointment.

            (C) Ex-officio member.--The Secretary, or a designee of the 
        Secretary, shall serve as an ex-officio, nonvoting member of 
        the Task Force.
        (5) Reports.--Not later than 1 year after the date on which the 
    Commission establishes the Task Force, and annually thereafter, the 
    Task Force shall submit to the Chairman of the Commission a report, 
    which shall be made public not later than 30 days after the date on 
    which the Chairman receives the report, that details--
            (A) the status of fixed and mobile broadband Internet 
        access service coverage of agricultural land;
            (B) the projected future connectivity needs of agricultural 
        operations, farmers, and ranchers; and
            (C) the steps being taken to accurately measure the 
        availability of broadband Internet access service on 
        agricultural land and the limitations of current, as of the 
        date of the report, measurement processes.
        (6) Termination.--The Commission shall renew the Task Force 
    every 2 years until the Task Force terminates on January 1, 2025.
    (c) No Additional Funds Authorized.--No additional funds is 
authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section. This section 
shall be carried out using amounts otherwise authorized.
SEC. 12512. IMPROVEMENTS TO UNITED STATES DROUGHT MONITOR.
    (a) In General.--The Secretary shall coordinate with the Director 
of the National Drought Mitigation Center and the Administrator of the 
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration to enhance the 
collection of data to improve the accuracy of the United States Drought 
Monitor.
    (b) Utilization.--To the maximum extent practicable, the Secretary 
shall utilize a consistent source or sources of data for programs that 
are based on drought or precipitation indices, such as the livestock 
forage disaster program established under section 1501(c) of the 
Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 9081(c)) or policies or plans of 
insurance established under the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 
1501 et seq.).
    (c) Review.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of 
this Act, the Secretary shall conduct a review of--
        (1) the types of data currently utilized by the United States 
    Drought Monitor;
        (2) the geographic coverage and density of existing data 
    collection sites; and
        (3) other meteorological or climatological data that is being 
    collected by other Federal agencies, State and local governments, 
    and non-Federal entities that could be utilized by the United 
    States Drought Monitor.
    (d) Improvements.--
        (1) In general.--Upon the completion of the review prescribed 
    in subsection (c), the Secretary shall--
            (A) seek to expand the collection of relevant data in 
        States or geographic areas where coverage is currently lacking 
        as compared to other States or geographic areas; and
            (B) to the maximum extent practicable, develop standards to 
        allow the integration of meteorological or climatological data 
        into the United States Drought Monitor derived from--
                (i) in-situ soil moisture profile measuring devices;
                (ii) citizen science (as defined in the Crowdsourcing 
            and Citizen Science Act (15 U.S.C. 3724)), including data 
            from the Cooperative Observer Program of the National 
            Weather Service; and
                (iii) other Federal agencies, State and local 
            governments, and non-Federal entities.
        (2) Authorization of appropriations.--There is to be authorized 
    to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this subsection 
    $5,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2019 through 2023.
SEC. 12513. DAIRY BUSINESS INNOVATION INITIATIVES.
    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
        (1) Dairy business.--The term ``dairy business'' means a 
    business that develops, produces, markets, or distributes dairy 
    products.
        (2) Initiative.--The term ``initiative'' means a dairy product 
    and business innovation initiative established under subsection 
    (b).
    (b) Establishment.--The Secretary shall establish not less than 3 
regionally-located dairy product and business innovation initiatives 
for the purposes of--
        (1) diversifying dairy product markets to reduce risk and 
    develop higher-value uses for dairy products;
        (2) promoting business development that diversifies farmer 
    income through processing and marketing innovation; and
        (3) encouraging the use of regional milk production.
    (c) Selection of Initiatives.--An initiative--
        (1) shall be positioned to draw on existing dairy industry 
    resources, including activities conducted by the National Dairy 
    Promotion and Research Board and other dairy promotion entities, 
    research capacity, academic and industry expertise, a density of 
    dairy farms or farmland suitable for dairying, and dairy 
    businesses; and
        (2) may serve a certain product niche, such as specialty 
    cheese, or serve dairy businesses with dairy products derived from 
    the milk of a specific type of dairy animal, including dairy 
    products made from cow milk, sheep milk, and goat milk.
    (d) Entities Eligible To Host Initiative.--
        (1) In general.--Subject to paragraph (2), any of the following 
    entities may submit to the Secretary an application to host an 
    initiative:
            (A) A State department of agriculture or other State 
        entity.
            (B) A nonprofit organization.
            (C) An institution of higher education.
            (D) A cooperative extension service.
        (2) Capacity of eligible entity.--Any entity described in 
    subparagraphs (A) through (D) of paragraph (1) shall be eligible to 
    submit an application under that paragraph if the entity has--
            (A) a capacity to provide consultation and expertise 
        necessary to advance the purpose and activities of the proposed 
        initiative; and
            (B) expertise in grant distribution and tracking.
        (3) Ineligible entity.--A dairy promotion program shall not be 
    eligible to host an initiative under this section.
    (e) Partners.--
        (1) In general.--An entity described in subsection (d)(1) may 
    establish as a partner an organization or entity described in 
    paragraph (2)--
            (A) prior to the submission of the application under that 
        subsection; or
            (B) after approval of the application, in consultation with 
        the Secretary.
        (2) Partner described.--A partner under paragraph (1) shall be 
    an organization or entity with expertise or experience in dairy, 
    including the marketing, research, education, or promotion of 
    dairy.
    (f) Activities of Initiatives.--
        (1) Direct assistance to dairy businesses.--An initiative shall 
    provide nonmonetary assistance directly to dairy businesses through 
    private consultation or widely available distribution--
            (A) by the entity that hosts the initiative under 
        subsection (d)(1);
            (B) through contracting with industry experts;
            (C) through the provision of technical assistance, such as 
        informational websites, webinars, conferences, trainings, plant 
        tours, and field days; or
            (D) through research institutions, including cooperative 
        extension services.
        (2) Types of assistance.--Eligible forms of assistance 
    include--
            (A) business consulting, including business plan 
        development for processed dairy products, strategic planning 
        assistance, and distribution and supply chain innovation;
            (B) marketing and branding assistance, including market 
        messaging, packaging innovation, consumer assessments, 
        innovation in emerging market opportunities, and evaluation of 
        regional, national, and international markets;
            (C) assistance in product innovation, including the 
        development of value-added products, innovation in byproduct 
        reprocessing and use maximization, and dairy product production 
        training, including in new, rare, or innovative techniques; and
            (D) other nonmonetary assistance, as determined by the 
        Secretary.
        (3) Grants to dairy businesses.--
            (A) In general.--An initiative shall provide grants on a 
        competitive basis to new and existing dairy businesses for the 
        purposes of--
                (i) modernization, specialization, and grazing 
            transition on dairy farms;
                (ii) value chain and commodity innovation and facility 
            and process updates for dairy processors; and
                (iii) product development, packaging, and marketing of 
            dairy products.
            (B) Grants to certain entities.--An initiative may provide 
        a grant on a noncompetitive basis to an entity that receives 
        assistance under paragraph (1) to advance the business 
        activities recommended as a result of that assistance.
            (C) Grant amounts.--Grants provided under this paragraph 
        shall not exceed $500,000, unless a greater amount is approved 
        by the Secretary.
        (4) Consultation.--An entity that hosts an initiative shall 
    consult with the National Dairy Promotion and Research Board, the 
    Secretary, and the Administrator of the Agricultural Marketing 
    Service in carrying out the initiative.
        (5) Conflict of interest.--
            (A) In general.--The Secretary shall establish guidelines 
        and procedures to prevent any conflict of interest or the 
        appearance of a conflict of interest by an initiative 
        (including a partner of the initiative) during the allocation 
        of direct assistance under paragraph (1) or grant funding under 
        paragraph (3).
            (B) Penalty.--The Secretary may suspend or terminate an 
        initiative if the initiative (including a partner of the 
        initiative) is found to be in violation of the guidelines and 
        procedures established under subparagraph (A).
    (g) Distribution of Funds.--
        (1) In general.--Using the funds made available to carry out 
    this section, the Secretary--
            (A) shall provide not less than 3 awards to eligible 
        entities described in subsection (d) for the purposes of 
        carrying out the activities under subsection (f); and
            (B) is encouraged to award funds under subparagraph (A) in 
        multiyear funding allocations.
        (2) Use of funds.--Not less than 50 percent of the funds made 
    available under subsection (i) shall be allocated to grants under 
    subsection (f)(3).
        (3) Priority.--An entity hosting an initiative shall give 
    priority to the provision of direct assistance under subsection 
    (f)(1) and grants under subsection (f)(3) to--
            (A) dairy farms and dairy businesses with limited access to 
        other forms of assistance;
            (B) employee-owned dairy businesses;
            (C) cooperatives; and
            (D) dairy businesses that seek to create dairy products 
        that add substantial value in processing or marketing, such as 
        specialty cheeses.
        (4) Requirement.--Assistance or a grant shall not be made 
    available to a foreign person making direct investment (as those 
    terms are defined in section 801.2 of title 15, Code of Federal 
    Regulations (or successor regulations)) in the United States in the 
    case of--
            (A) direct assistance under subsection (f)(1) that is 
        provided to a specific dairy business and is not publicly 
        available, as determined by the Secretary; or
            (B) a grant under subsection (f)(3).
        (5) Supplementation.--To the extent practicable, the Secretary 
    shall ensure that funds provided to an initiative supplement, and 
    do not duplicate or replace, existing dairy product research, 
    development, and promotion activities.
    (h) Report.--Not later than January 31, 2022, the Secretary shall 
submit to Congress a report on the outcomes of the program under this 
section and any related activities and opportunities to further 
increase dairy innovation.
    (i) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $20,000,000 for each fiscal 
year.
SEC. 12514. REPORT ON FUNDING FOR THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF FOOD AND 
AGRICULTURE AND OTHER EXTENSION PROGRAMS.
    (a) In General.--Not later than 2 years after the date on which the 
census of agriculture required to be conducted in calendar year 2017 
under section 2 of the Census of Agriculture Act of 1997 (7 U.S.C. 
2204g) is released, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on 
Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the Committee on 
Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report that 
describes the funding necessary to adequately address the needs of the 
National Institute of Food and Agriculture, activities carried out 
under the Smith-Lever Act (7 U.S.C. 341 et seq.), and research and 
extension programs carried out at an 1890 Institution (as defined in 
section 2 of the Agricultural Research, Extension, and Education Reform 
Act of 1998 (7 U.S.C. 7601)) or an institution designated under the Act 
of July 2, 1862 (commonly known as the ``First Morrill Act'') (12 Stat. 
503, chapter 130; 7 U.S.C. 301 et seq.), to provide adequate services 
for the growth and development of the economies of rural communities 
based on the changing demographic in the rural and farming communities 
in the various States.
    (b) Requirements.--In preparing the report under subsection (a), 
the Secretary shall focus on the funding needs of the programs 
described in subsection (a) with respect to carrying out activities 
relating to small and diverse farms and ranches, veteran farmers and 
ranchers, value-added agriculture, direct-to-consumer sales, and 
specialty crops.
SEC. 12515. PROHIBITION ON SLAUGHTER OF DOGS AND CATS FOR HUMAN 
CONSUMPTION.
    (a) In General.--Except as provided in subsection (c), no person 
may--
        (1) knowingly slaughter a dog or cat for human consumption; or
        (2) knowingly ship, transport, move, deliver, receive, possess, 
    purchase, sell, or donate--
            (A) a dog or cat to be slaughtered for human consumption; 
        or
            (B) a dog or cat part for human consumption.
    (b) Scope.--Subsection (a) shall apply only with respect to 
conduct--
        (1) in or affecting interstate commerce or foreign commerce; or
        (2) within the special maritime and territorial jurisdiction of 
    the United States.
    (c) Exception for Indian Tribes.--The prohibition in subsection (a) 
shall not apply to an Indian (as defined in section 4 of the Indian 
Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 5304)) 
carrying out any activity described in subsection (a) for the purpose 
of a religious ceremony.
    (d) Penalty.--Any person who violates subsection (a) shall be 
subject to a fine in an amount not greater than $5,000 for each 
violation.
    (e) Effect On State Law.--Nothing in this section--
        (1) limits any State or local law or regulation protecting the 
    welfare of animals; or
        (2) prevents a State or unit of local government from adopting 
    and enforcing an animal welfare law or regulation that is more 
    stringent than this section.
SEC. 12516. LABELING EXEMPTION FOR SINGLE INGREDIENT FOODS AND 
PRODUCTS.
    The food labeling requirements under section 403(q) of the Federal 
Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 343(q)) shall not require that 
the nutrition facts label of any single-ingredient sugar, honey, agave, 
or syrup, including maple syrup, that is packaged and offered for sale 
as a single-ingredient food bear the declaration ``Includes X g Added 
Sugars.''.
SEC. 12517. SOUTH CAROLINA INCLUSION IN VIRGINIA/CAROLINA PEANUT 
PRODUCING REGION.
    Section 1308(c)(2)(B)(iii) of the Farm Security and Rural 
Investment Act of 2002 (7 U.S.C. 7958(c)(2)(B)(iii)) is amended by 
striking ``Virginia and North Carolina'' and inserting ``Virginia, 
North Carolina, and South Carolina''.
SEC. 12518. FOREST SERVICE HIRE AUTHORITY.
    (a) In General.--The Secretary of Agriculture may appoint, without 
regard to the provisions of subchapter I of chapter 33 of title 5, 
United States Code, other than sections 3303 and 3328 of such title, a 
qualified candidate described in subsection (b) directly to a position 
with the Department of Agriculture, Forest Service for which the 
candidate meets Office of Personnel Management qualification standards.
    (b) Qualifications.--Subsection (a) applies to a former resource 
assistant (as defined in section 203 of the Public Land Corps Act (16 
U.S.C. 1722)) who--
        (1) completed a rigorous internship with a land managing 
    agency, such as the Forest Service Resource Assistant Program;
        (2) successfully fulfilled the requirements of the internship 
    program; and
        (3) earned an undergraduate or graduate degree from an 
    accredited institution of higher education (as defined in section 
    101 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001)).
    (c) Limitation.--The direct hire authority under this section may 
not be exercised with respect to a specific qualified candidate after 
the end of the 2-year period beginning on the date on which the 
candidate completed the undergraduate or graduate degree, as the case 
may be, or has successfully fulfilled the requirements of the 
internship program, whichever is later.
SEC. 12519. CONVERSION AUTHORITY.
    The Secretary may, notwithstanding subchapter I of chapter 33 of 
title 5, United States Code, governing appointments in the competitive 
or excepted service, noncompetitively convert to an appointment in the 
competitive service, in an agency or office within the Department of 
Agriculture, a recent graduate or student who is a United States 
citizen and has been awarded and successfully completed a scholarship 
program granted to the individual by the Department through the 1890 
National Scholars Program or the 1994 Tribal Scholars Program carried 
out by the Department, provided the individual meets the requirements 
for such conversion and meets Office of Personnel Management 
qualification standards, as determined by the Secretary. Nothing in the 
preceding sentence shall be construed as requiring the Secretary to 
convert an individual under the authority under such sentence.
SEC. 12520. AUTHORIZATION OF PROTECTION OPERATIONS FOR THE SECRETARY OF 
AGRICULTURE AND OTHERS.
    (a) In General.--The Department of Agriculture is authorized to 
employ qualified law enforcement officers or special agents to 
provide--
        (1) protection for the Secretary and the Deputy Secretary 
    during the performance of official duties by each such officer and 
    during any activity that is preliminary or postliminary to the 
    performance of official duties by each such officer;
        (2) protection, incidental to the protection provided pursuant 
    to paragraph (1), to an individual accompanying each such officer 
    who is participating in an activity or event relating to the 
    official duties of each such officer when there is an articulable 
    threat to such individual;
        (3) continuous protection to the Secretary and Deputy Secretary 
    (including during periods not described in paragraph (1)) if there 
    is an articulable threat of physical harm, in accordance with 
    guidelines established by the Secretary; and
        (4) protection of another senior officer representing the 
    Secretary (including a person nominated to be the Secretary during 
    the pendency of such nomination) if there is an articulable threat 
    of physical harm, in accordance with guidelines established by the 
    Secretary.
    (b) Authorities of the Protective Operation.--
        (1) In general.--The Secretary may authorize officers or 
    special agents employed pursuant to subsection (a)--
            (A) to carry firearms;
            (B) to conduct criminal investigations into potential 
        threats to the security of persons protected under this 
        section;
            (C) to make arrests without a warrant for any offense 
        against the United States committed in the presence of such 
        officer or special agent;
            (D) to perform protective intelligence work, including 
        identifying and mitigating potential threats and conducting 
        advance work to review security matters relating to sites and 
        events; and
            (E) to coordinate with local law enforcement agencies.
        (2) Guidelines.--The authority conveyed under this section 
    shall be exercised in accordance with any--
            (A) guidelines issued by the Attorney General; and
            (B) such additional guidelines as may be issued by the 
        Secretary.
    (c) Exception.--The authorities granted under this section may be 
exercised notwithstanding section 1343(b)(1) of title 31, United States 
Code.
    (d) Report.--Not later than September 30, 2019, and each September 
30 through 2024, the Secretary shall provide to the Committee on 
Agriculture of the House of Representatives and Committee on 
Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report describing 
the protection provided, and accounting for the expenditures made, 
pursuant to this section.

              PART II--NATIONAL OILHEAT RESEARCH ALLIANCE

SEC. 12531. NATIONAL OILHEAT RESEARCH ALLIANCE.
    (a) In General.--Section 713 of the National Oilheat Research 
Alliance Act of 2000 (42 U.S.C. 6201 note; Public Law 106-469) is 
amended by striking ``18 years'' and inserting ``28 years''.
    (b) Limitation on Obligations of Funds.--The National Oilheat 
Research Alliance Act of 2000 (42 U.S.C. 6201 note; Public Law 106-469) 
is amended by inserting after section 707 the following:
    ``SEC. 708. LIMITATION ON OBLIGATION OF FUNDS.
    ``(a) In General.--In each calendar year of the covered period, the 
Alliance may not obligate an amount greater than the sum of--
        ``(1) 75 percent of the amount of assessments estimated to be 
    collected under section 707 in that calendar year;
        ``(2) 75 percent of the amount of assessments actually 
    collected under section 707 in the most recent calendar year for 
    which an audit report has been submitted under section 706(f)(2)(B) 
    as of the beginning of the calendar year for which the amount that 
    may be obligated is being determined, less the estimate made 
    pursuant to paragraph (1) for that most recent calendar year; and
        ``(3) amounts permitted in preceding calendar years to be 
    obligated pursuant to this subsection that have not been obligated.
    ``(b) Excess Amounts Deposited in Escrow Account.--Assessments 
collected under section 707 in excess of the amount permitted to be 
obligated under subsection (a) in a calendar year shall be deposited in 
an escrow account for the duration of the covered period.
    ``(c) Treatment of Amounts in Escrow Account.--
        ``(1) In general.--During the covered period, the Alliance may 
    not obligate, expend, or borrow against amounts required under 
    subsection (b) to be deposited in the escrow account.
        ``(2) Interest.--Any interest earned on amounts described in 
    paragraph (1) shall be--
            ``(A) deposited in the escrow account; and
            ``(B) unavailable for obligation for the duration of the 
        covered period.
    ``(d) Release of Amounts in Escrow Account.--Beginning on October 
1, 2028, the Alliance may withdraw and obligate any amount in the 
escrow account.
    ``(e) Covered Period Defined.--In this section, the term `covered 
period' means the period that begins on February 6, 2019, and ends on 
September 30, 2028.''.
    (c) Conforming Amendments.--The National Oilheat Research Alliance 
Act of 2000 (42 U.S.C. 6201 note; Public Law 106-469) is amended--
        (1) in section 706(d)(1), by striking ``not exceed 7 percent of 
    the amount of assessments collected in any calendar year, except 
    that during the first year of operation of the Alliance such 
    expenses and amounts shall not exceed 10 percent of the amount of 
    assessments'' and inserting ``not exceed 7 percent of the amount of 
    assessments collected in any calendar year that are permitted to be 
    obligated in that calendar year''; and
        (2) in section 707--
            (A) in subsection (e), by inserting ``that are permitted to 
        be obligated'' after ``amount of assessments collected in the 
        State'' each place it appears; and
            (B) in subsection (f), by inserting ``and permitted to be 
        obligated'' after ``assessments collected'' each place it 
        appears.

                     Subtitle F--General Provisions

SEC. 12601. BAITING OF MIGRATORY GAME BIRDS.
    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
        (1) Normal agricultural operation.--The term ``normal 
    agricultural operation'' has the meaning given the term in section 
    20.11 of title 50, Code of Federal Regulations (as in effect on the 
    date of enactment of this Act).
        (2) Post-disaster flooding.--The term ``post-disaster 
    flooding'' means the destruction of a crop through flooding in 
    accordance with practices required by the Federal Crop Insurance 
    Corporation for agricultural producers to obtain crop insurance 
    under the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 1501 et seq.) on 
    land on which a crop was not harvestable due to a natural disaster 
    (including any hurricane, storm, tornado, flood, high water, wind-
    driven water, tidal wave, tsunami, earthquake, volcanic eruption, 
    landslide, mudslide, drought, fire, snowstorm, or other catastrophe 
    that is declared a major disaster by the President in accordance 
    with section 401 of the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and 
    Emergency Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 5170)) in the crop year--
            (A) in which the natural disaster occurred; or
            (B) immediately preceding the crop year in which the 
        natural disaster occurred.
        (3) Rice ratooning.--The term ``rice ratooning'' means the 
    agricultural practice of harvesting rice by cutting the majority of 
    the aboveground portion of the rice plant but leaving the roots and 
    growing shoot apices intact to allow the plant to recover and 
    produce a second crop yield.
    (b) Regulations to Exclude Rice Ratooning and Post-disaster 
Flooding.--Not later than 30 days after the date of enactment of this 
Act, the Secretary of the Interior, in consultation with the Secretary 
of Agriculture, shall revise part 20 of title 50, Code of Federal 
Regulations, to clarify that rice ratooning and post-disaster flooding, 
when carried out as part of a normal agricultural operation, do not 
constitute baiting.
    (c) Reports.--Not less frequently than once each year--
        (1) the Secretary of Agriculture shall submit to the Secretary 
    of the Interior a report that describes any changes to normal 
    agricultural operations across the range of crops grown by 
    agricultural producers in each region of the United States in which 
    the official recommendations described in section 20.11(h) of title 
    50, Code of Federal Regulations (as in effect on the date of 
    enactment of this Act), are provided to agricultural producers; and
        (2) the Secretary of the Interior, in consultation with the 
    Secretary of Agriculture and after seeking input from the heads of 
    State departments of fish and wildlife or the Regional Migratory 
    Bird Flyway Councils of the United States Fish and Wildlife 
    Service, shall publicly post a report on the impact that rice 
    ratooning and post-disaster flooding have on the behavior of 
    migratory game birds that are hunted in the area in which rice 
    ratooning and post-disaster flooding, respectively, have occurred.
SEC. 12602. PIMA AGRICULTURE COTTON TRUST FUND.
    Section 12314 of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 2101 note; 
Public Law 113-79) is amended--
        (1) by striking ``2018'' each place it appears and inserting 
    ``2023'';
        (2) by striking ``calendar year 2013'' each place it appears 
    and inserting ``the prior calendar year'';
        (3) in subsection (b)(2)--
            (A) by redesignating subparagraphs (A) and (B) as clauses 
        (i) and (ii), respectively;
            (B) in the matter preceding clause (i) (as so 
        redesignated), by striking ``(2) Twenty-five'' and inserting 
        the following:
        ``(2)(A) Except as provided in subparagraph (B), twenty-five'';
            (C) in subparagraph (A)(ii) (as so designated), by striking 
        ``subparagraph (A)'' and inserting ``clause (i)''; and
            (D) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(B)(i) A yarn spinner shall not receive an amount under 
    subparagraph (A) that exceeds the cost of pima cotton that--
            ``(I) was purchased during the prior calendar year; and
            ``(II) was used in spinning any cotton yarns.
        ``(ii) The Secretary shall reallocate any amounts reduced by 
    reason of the limitation under clause (i) to spinners using the 
    ratio described in subparagraph (A), disregarding production of any 
    spinner subject to that limitation.'';
        (4) in subsection (c)--
            (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by striking 
        ``(b)(2)(A)'' and inserting ``(b)(2)(A)(i)'';
            (B) in paragraph (2), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (C) in paragraph (3), by striking the period at the end and 
        inserting ``; and''; and
            (D) by adding at the end the following:
        ``(4) the dollar amount of pima cotton purchased during the 
    prior calendar year--
            ``(A) that was used in spinning any cotton yarns; and
            ``(B) for which the producer maintains supporting 
        documentation.'';
        (5) in subsection (e)--
            (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by striking ``by 
        the Secretary--'' and inserting ``by the Secretary not later 
        than March 15 of the applicable calendar year.''; and
            (B) by striking paragraphs (1) and (2); and
        (6) in subsection (f), by striking ``subsection (b)--'' in the 
    matter preceding paragraph (1) and all that follows through ``not 
    later than'' in paragraph (2) and inserting ``subsection (b) not 
    later than''.
SEC. 12603. AGRICULTURE WOOL APPAREL MANUFACTURERS TRUST FUND.
    Section 12315 of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 7101 note; 
Public Law 113-79) is amended--
        (1) by striking ``2019'' each place it appears and inserting 
    ``2023'';
        (2) in subsection (b)--
            (A) in paragraph (1)--
                (i) in subparagraph (A)--

                    (I) in the matter preceding clause (i), by striking 
                ``the payment--'' and inserting ``the payment, payments 
                in amounts authorized under that paragraph.''; and
                    (II) by striking clauses (i) and (ii); and

                (ii) in subparagraph (B)--

                    (I) in the matter preceding clause (i), by striking 
                ``4002(c)--'' and inserting ``4002(c), payments in 
                amounts authorized under that paragraph.''; and
                    (II) by striking clauses (i) and (ii); and

            (B) in paragraph (2), by striking ``submitted--'' in the 
        matter preceding subparagraph (A) and all that follows through 
        ``to the Secretary'' in subparagraph (B) and inserting 
        ``submitted to the Secretary''; and
        (3) in subsection (c)--
            (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by striking 
        ``subsection (b)--'' and inserting ``subsection (b) not later 
        than April 15 of the year of the payment.''; and
            (B) by striking paragraphs (1) and (2).
SEC. 12604. WOOL RESEARCH AND PROMOTION.
    Section 12316(a) of the Agricultural Act of 2014 (7 U.S.C. 7101 
note; Public Law 113-79) is amended by striking ``2015 through 2019'' 
and inserting ``2019 through 2023''.
SEC. 12605. EMERGENCY CITRUS DISEASE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT TRUST 
FUND.
    (a) Definition of Citrus.--In this section, the term ``citrus'' 
means edible fruit of the family Rutaceae, including any hybrid of that 
fruit and any product of that hybrid that is produced for commercial 
purposes in the United States.
    (b) Establishment of Trust Fund.--There is established in the 
Treasury of the United States a trust fund, to be known as the 
Emergency Citrus Disease Research and Development Trust Fund (referred 
to in this section as the ``Citrus Trust Fund''), consisting of such 
amounts as shall be transferred to the Citrus Trust Fund pursuant to 
subsection (d).
    (c) Use of Fund.--From amounts in the Citrus Trust Fund, the 
Secretary shall, beginning in fiscal year 2019, carry out the Emergency 
Citrus Disease Research and Extension Program in section 412(j) of the 
Agricultural Research, Extension, and Education Reform Act of 1998 (7 
U.S.C. 7632(j)).
    (d) Funding.--Of the funds of the Commodity Credit Corporation, the 
Secretary shall transfer to the Citrus Trust Fund $25,000,000 for each 
of fiscal years 2019 through 2023, to remain available until expended.
SEC. 12606. EXTENSION OF MERCHANDISE PROCESSING FEES.
    Section 503 of the United States-Korea Free Trade Agreement 
Implementation Act (Public Law 112-41; 19 U.S.C. 3805 note) is amended 
by striking ``February 24, 2027'' and inserting ``May 26, 2027''.
SEC. 12607. REPORTS ON LAND ACCESS AND FARMLAND OWNERSHIP DATA 
COLLECTION.
    (a) Land Access.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment 
of this Act, the Secretary of Agriculture, in consultation with the 
Chief Economist, shall submit to Congress and make publicly available a 
report identifying--
        (1) the barriers that prevent or hinder the ability of 
    beginning farmers and ranchers (as defined in section 2501(a) of 
    the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 (7 
    U.S.C. 2279(a))) and socially disadvantaged farmers and ranchers 
    (as defined in such section) to acquire or access farmland;
        (2) the extent to which Federal programs, including 
    agricultural conservation easement programs, land transition 
    programs, and financing programs, are improving--
            (A) farmland access and tenure for beginning farmers and 
        ranchers and socially disadvantaged farmers and ranchers; and
            (B) farmland transition and succession; and
        (3) the regulatory, operational, or statutory changes that are 
    necessary to improve--
            (A) the ability of beginning farmers and ranchers and 
        socially disadvantaged farmers and ranchers to acquire or 
        access farmland;
            (B) farmland tenure for beginning farmers and ranchers and 
        socially disadvantaged farmers and ranchers; and
            (C) farmland transition and succession.
    (b) Farmland Ownership.--The Secretary shall collect and, not less 
frequently than once every 3 years report, data and analysis on 
farmland ownership, tenure, transition, and entry of beginning farmers 
and ranchers and socially disadvantaged farmers and ranchers (as those 
terms are defined in section 2501(a) of the Food, Agriculture, 
Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 2279(a))). In carrying 
out this subsection, the Secretary shall, at a minimum--
        (1) collect and distribute comprehensive reporting of trends in 
    farmland ownership, tenure, transition, barriers to entry, 
    profitability, and viability of beginning farmers and ranchers and 
    socially disadvantaged farmers and ranchers;
        (2) develop surveys and report statistical and economic 
    analysis on farmland ownership, tenure, transition, barriers to 
    entry, profitability, and viability of beginning farmers and 
    ranchers, including a regular follow-on survey to each Census of 
    Agriculture with results of the follow-on survey made public not 
    later than 3 years after the previous Census of Agriculture; and
        (3) require the National Agricultural Statistics Service to 
    include in the Tenure, Ownership, and Transition of Agricultural 
    Land survey questions relating to--
            (A) the extent to which non-farming landowners are 
        purchasing and holding onto farmland for the sole purpose of 
        real estate investment;
            (B) the impact of these farmland ownership trends on the 
        successful entry and viability of beginning farmers and 
        ranchers and socially disadvantaged farmers and ranchers;
            (C) the extent to which farm and ranch land with undivided 
        interests and no administrative authority identified have farms 
        or ranches operating on that land; and
            (D) the impact of land tenure patterns, categorized by--
                (i) race, gender, and ethnicity; and
                (ii) region.
    (c) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $3,000,000 for each fiscal years 
2019 through 2023, to remain available until expended.
SEC. 12608. REAUTHORIZATION OF RURAL EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES 
TRAINING AND EQUIPMENT ASSISTANCE PROGRAM.
    Section 330J of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 254c-15) 
is amended--
        (1) in subsection (a), by striking ``in rural areas'' and 
    inserting ``in rural areas or to residents of rural areas'';
        (2) by striking subsections (b) through (f) and inserting the 
    following:
    ``(b) Eligibility; Application.--To be eligible to receive grant 
under this section, an entity shall--
        ``(1) be--
            ``(A) an emergency medical services agency operated by a 
        local or tribal government (including fire-based and non-fire 
        based); or
            ``(B) an emergency medical services agency that is 
        described in section 501(c) of the Internal Revenue Code of 
        1986 and exempt from tax under section 501(a) of such Code; and
        ``(2) submit an application to the Secretary at such time, in 
    such manner, and containing such information as the Secretary may 
    require.
    ``(c) Use of Funds.--An entity--
        ``(1) shall use amounts received through a grant under 
    subsection (a) to--
            ``(A) train emergency medical services personnel as 
        appropriate to obtain and maintain licenses and certifications 
        relevant to service in an emergency medical services agency 
        described in subsection (b)(1);
            ``(B) conduct courses that qualify graduates to serve in an 
        emergency medical services agency described in subsection 
        (b)(1) in accordance with State and local requirements;
            ``(C) fund specific training to meet Federal or State 
        licensing or certification requirements; and
            ``(D) acquire emergency medical services equipment; and
        ``(2) may use amounts received through a grant under subsection 
    (a) to--
            ``(A) recruit and retain emergency medical services 
        personnel, which may include volunteer personnel;
            ``(B) develop new ways to educate emergency health care 
        providers through the use of technology-enhanced educational 
        methods; or
            ``(C) acquire personal protective equipment for emergency 
        medical services personnel as required by the Occupational 
        Safety and Health Administration.
    ``(d) Grant Amounts.--Each grant awarded under this section shall 
be in an amount not to exceed $200,000.
    ``(e) Definitions.--In this section:
        ``(1) The term `emergency medical services'--
            ``(A) means resources used by a public or private nonprofit 
        licensed entity to deliver medical care outside of a medical 
        facility under emergency conditions that occur as a result of 
        the condition of the patient; and
            ``(B) includes services delivered (either on a compensated 
        or volunteer basis) by an emergency medical services provider 
        or other provider that is licensed or certified by the State 
        involved as an emergency medical technician, a paramedic, or an 
        equivalent professional (as determined by the State).
        ``(2) The term `rural area' means--
            ``(A) a nonmetropolitan statistical area;
            ``(B) an area designated as a rural area by any law or 
        regulation of a State; or
            ``(C) a rural census tract of a metropolitan statistical 
        area (as determined under the most recent rural urban commuting 
        area code as set forth by the Office of Management and Budget).
    ``(f) Matching Requirement.--The Secretary may not award a grant 
under this section to an entity unless the entity agrees that the 
entity will make available (directly or through contributions from 
other public or private entities) non-Federal contributions toward the 
activities to be carried out under the grant in an amount equal to 10 
percent of the amount received under the grant.''; and
        (3) in subsection (g)(1), by striking ``2002 through 2006'' and 
    inserting ``2019 through 2023''.
SEC. 12609. COMMISSION ON FARM TRANSITIONS--NEEDS FOR 2050.
    (a) Establishment.--There is established a commission to be known 
as the Commission on Farm Transitions-Needs for 2050 (referred to in 
this section as the ``Commission'').
    (b) Study.--The Commission shall conduct a study on issues 
impacting the transition of agricultural operations from established 
farmers and ranchers to the next generation of farmers and ranchers, 
including--
        (1) access to, and availability of--
            (A) quality land and necessary infrastructure;
            (B) affordable credit;
            (C) adequate risk management tools; and
            (D) apprenticeship and mentorship programs;
        (2) agricultural asset transfer strategies in use as of the 
    date of the enactment of this Act and improvements to such 
    strategies;
        (3) incentives that may facilitate agricultural asset transfers 
    to the next generation of farmers and ranchers, including an 
    assessment of, and recommendations for, how existing and new 
    Federal tax policies--
            (A) facilitate lifetime and estate transfers; and
            (B) impact individuals seeking to farm who do not have 
        family farm lineage or access to farmland;
        (4) the causes of the failures of such transitions, if any; and
        (5) the effectiveness of programs and incentives providing 
    assistance with respect to such transitions in effect on the date 
    of the enactment of this Act and opportunities for the revision or 
    improvement of such programs.
    (c) Membership.--
        (1) Composition.--The Commission shall be composed of 10 
    members, as follows:
            (A) 3 members appointed by the Secretary.
            (B) 3 members appointed by the Committee on Agriculture, 
        Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate.
            (C) 3 members appointed by the Committee on Agriculture of 
        the House of Representatives.
            (D) The Chief Economist of the Department of Agriculture.
        (2) Federal government employment.--In addition to the Chief 
    Economist of the Department of Agriculture, the membership of the 
    Commission may include 1 or more employees of the Department of 
    Agriculture or other Federal agencies.
        (3) Date of appointments.--The appointment of all members of 
    the Commission shall be made not later than 60 days after the date 
    of enactment of this Act.
        (4) Term; vacancies.--
            (A) Term.--A member shall be appointed for the life of the 
        Commission.
            (B) Vacancies.--A vacancy on the Commission--
                (i) shall not affect the powers of the Commission; and
                (ii) shall be filled in the same manner as the original 
            appointment was made.
        (5) Initial meeting.--Not later than 30 days after the date on 
    which all members of the Commission have been appointed, the 
    Commission shall hold the initial meeting of the Commission.
    (d) Quorum.--A majority of the members of the Commission shall 
constitute a quorum for the transaction of business, but a lesser 
number of members may hold hearings.
    (e) Chairperson.--The Secretary shall appoint 1 of the members of 
the Commission to serve as Chairperson of the Commission.
    (f) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of 
this Act, the Commission shall submit to the President, the Committee 
on Agriculture of the House of Representatives, and the Committee on 
Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report containing 
the results of the study required by subsection (b), including such 
recommendations as the Commission considers appropriate.
    (g) Hearings.--The Commission may hold such hearings, meet and act 
at such times and places, take such testimony, and receive such 
evidence as the Commission considers advisable to carry out this 
section.
    (h) Information From Federal Agencies.--The Commission may secure 
directly from a Federal agency such information as the Commission 
considers necessary to carry out this section. On request of the 
Chairperson of the Commission, the head of the agency shall provide the 
information to the Commission.
    (i) Postal Services.--The Commission may use the United States mail 
in the same manner and under the same conditions as other agencies of 
the Federal Government.
    (j) Assistance From Secretary.--The Secretary may provide to the 
Commission appropriate office space and such reasonable administrative 
and support services as the Commission may request.
    (k) Compensation of Members.--
        (1) Non-federal employees.--A member of the Commission who is 
    not an officer or employee of the Federal Government shall be 
    compensated at a rate equal to the daily equivalent of the annual 
    rate of basic pay prescribed for level IV of the Executive Schedule 
    under section 5315 of title 5, United States Code, for each day 
    (including travel time) during which the member is engaged in the 
    performance of the duties of the Commission.
        (2) Federal employees.--A member of the Commission who is an 
    officer or employee of the Federal Government shall serve without 
    compensation in addition to the compensation received for the 
    services of the member as an officer or employee of the Federal 
    Government.
        (3) Travel expenses.--A member of the Commission shall be 
    allowed travel expenses, including per diem in lieu of subsistence, 
    at rates authorized for an employee of an agency under subchapter I 
    of chapter 57 of title 5, United States Code, while away from the 
    home or regular place of business of the member in the performance 
    of the duties of the Commission.
    (l) Federal Advisory Committee Act.--Sections 9 and 14 of the 
Federal Advisory Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.) shall not apply to the 
Commission or any proceeding of the Commission.
    (m) Termination.--The Commission shall terminate on September 30, 
2023.
SEC. 12610. EXCEPTIONS UNDER UNITED STATES GRAIN STANDARDS ACT.
    (a) Geographic Boundaries for Official Agencies.--Section 7 of the 
United States Grain Standards Act (7 U.S.C. 79) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (f)(2)--
            (A) by redesignating subparagraphs (A), (B), and (C) as 
        clauses (i), (iii), and (iv), respectively, and indenting 
        appropriately;
            (B) in the matter preceding clause (i) (as so 
        redesignated), by striking ``Not more'' and inserting the 
        following:
            ``(A) In general.--Subject to subparagraph (B), not more'';
            (C) in subparagraph (A) (as so designated), in the matter 
        preceding clause (i) (as so redesignated), by striking 
        ``Secretary, except that, if'' and inserting the following: 
        ``Secretary.
            ``(B) Exceptions.--Subject to subsection (g)(4)(A), if'';
            (D) in subparagraph (B) (as so designated), by inserting 
        after clause (i) the following:
                ``(ii) a person requesting inspection services in that 
            geographic area has not been receiving official inspection 
            services from the current designated official agency for 
            that geographic area;''; and
            (E) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(C) Termination of nonuse of service exception.--The 
        exception under subparagraph (B)(ii) may only be terminated if 
        all parties to that exception jointly agree on the termination, 
        unless terminated according to subsection (g)(4)(A).
            ``(D) Restoration of certain exceptions.--
                ``(i) Definition of eligible grain handling facility.--
            In this subparagraph, the term `eligible grain handling 
            facility' means a grain handling facility that--

                    ``(I) was granted an exception under the final rule 
                entitled `Exceptions to Geographic Areas for Official 
                Agencies Under the USGSA' (68 Fed. Reg. 19137 (April 
                18, 2003)); and
                    ``(II) had that exception revoked between September 
                30, 2015, and the date of enactment of the Agriculture 
                Improvement Act of 2018.

                ``(ii) Restoration of exceptions.--Within 90 days of 
            notification from an eligible grain handling facility, the 
            Secretary shall restore an exception described in clause 
            (i)(I) with an official agency if--

                    ``(I) the eligible grain handling facility and the 
                former excepted official agency agree to restore that 
                exception; and
                    ``(II) the eligible grain handling facility 
                notifies the Secretary of the preferred date for 
                restoration of the exception within 90 days of 
                enactment of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 
                2018.''; and

        (2) in subsection (g), by adding at the end the following:
        ``(4) Effect on exceptions.--
            ``(A) In general.--The exceptions under clauses (ii) and 
        (iv) of subsection (f)(2)(B) shall not apply if the designation 
        of an official agency is terminated, pursuant to paragraph (1).
            ``(B) Designation renewed or restored.--If the designation 
        of an official agency is renewed or restored after being 
        terminated under paragraph (1), the Secretary may renew or 
        restore the exceptions under subsection (f)(2)(B) in accordance 
        with that subsection.''.
    (b) Unauthorized Weighing Prohibited.--Section 7A(i)(2) of the 
United States Grain Standards Act (7 U.S.C. 79a(i)(2)) is amended--
        (1) by redesignating subparagraphs (A) and (B) as clauses (i) 
    and (iii), respectively, and indenting appropriately;
        (2) in the matter preceding clause (i) (as so redesignated), by 
    striking ``Not more'' and inserting the following:
            ``(A) In general.--Subject to subparagraph (B), not more'';
        (3) in subparagraph (A) (as so designated), in the matter 
    preceding clause (i) (as so redesignated), by striking ``Secretary, 
    except that, if'' and inserting the following: ``Secretary.
            ``(B) Exceptions.--If'';
        (4) in subparagraph (B) (as so designated)--
            (A) in clause (i), by striking ``or'' at the end; and
            (B) by inserting after clause (i) the following:
                ``(ii) a person requesting weighing services in that 
            geographic area has not been receiving official weighing 
            services from the current designated official agency for 
            that geographic area; or''; and
        (5) by adding after subparagraph (B) (as so designated)--
            ``(C) Restoration of certain exceptions.--
                ``(i) Definition of eligible grain handling facility.--
            In this subparagraph, the term `eligible grain handling 
            facility' means a grain handling facility that--

                    ``(I) was granted an exception under the final rule 
                entitled `Exceptions to Geographic Areas for Official 
                Agencies Under the USGSA' (68 Fed. Reg. 19137 (April 
                18, 2003)); and
                    ``(II) had that exception revoked between September 
                30, 2015 and the date of enactment of the Agriculture 
                Improvement Act of 2018.

                ``(ii) Restoration of exceptions.--Within 90 days of 
            notification from an eligible grain handling facility, the 
            Secretary shall restore an exception described in clause 
            (i)(I) with an official agency if--

                    ``(I) the eligible grain handling facility and the 
                former excepted official agency agree to restore that 
                exception; and
                    ``(II) the eligible grain handling facility 
                notifies the Secretary of the preferred date for 
                restoration of the exception within 90 days of 
                enactment of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 
                2018.''.

    (c) Technical Correction.--Section 7(f)(1) of the United States 
Grain Standards Act (7 U.S.C. 79(f)(1)) is amended by indenting 
subparagraph (C) appropriately.
SEC. 12611. CONFERENCE REPORT REQUIREMENT THRESHOLD.
    Section 14209(a)(3)(A) of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 
2008 (7 U.S.C. 2255b(a)(3)(A)) is amended by striking ``$10,000'' and 
inserting ``$50,000''.
SEC. 12612. NATIONAL AGRICULTURE IMAGERY PROGRAM.
    (a) In General.--The Secretary of Agriculture, acting through the 
Administrator of the Farm Service Agency, shall carry out a national 
agriculture imagery program to annually acquire aerial imagery during 
agricultural growing seasons from the continental United States.
    (b) Data.--The aerial imagery acquired under this section shall--
        (1) consist of high resolution processed digital imagery;
        (2) be made available in a format that can be provided to 
    Federal, State, and private sector entities;
        (3) be technologically compatible with geospatial information 
    technology; and
        (4) be consistent with the standards established by the Federal 
    Geographic Data Committee.
    (c) Supplemental Satellite Imagery.--The Secretary of Agriculture 
may supplement the aerial imagery collected under this section with 
satellite imagery.
    (d) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $23,000,000 for fiscal year 2019 
and each fiscal year thereafter.
SEC. 12613. REPORT ON INCLUSION OF NATURAL STONE PRODUCTS IN COMMODITY 
PROMOTION, RESEARCH, AND INFORMATION ACT OF 1996.
    Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this 
Act, the Secretary of Agriculture shall submit to the Committee on 
Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the Committee on 
Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report examining 
the effect the establishment of a Natural Stone Research and Promotion 
Board pursuant to the Commodity Promotion, Research, and Information 
Act of 1996 (7 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.) would have on the natural stone 
industry, including how such a program would effect--
        (1) research conducted on, and the promotion of, natural stone;
        (2) the development and expansion of domestic markets for 
    natural stone;
        (3) economic activity of the natural stone industry subject to 
    such a Board;
        (4) economic development in rural areas; and
        (5) benefits to consumers in the United States of natural stone 
    products.
SEC. 12614. ESTABLISHMENT OF FOOD ACCESS LIAISON.
    (a) In General.--Subtitle A of the Department of Agriculture 
Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 6901 et seq.), as amended by 
sections 12202, 12302, 12403, and 12504, is amended by adding at the 
end the following:
    ``SEC. 225. FOOD ACCESS LIAISON.
    ``(a) Establishment.--The Secretary shall establish the position of 
Food Access Liaison to coordinate Department programs to reduce 
barriers to food access and monitor and evaluate the progress of such 
programs in accordance with this section.
    ``(b) Duties.--The Food Access Liaison shall--
        ``(1) coordinate the efforts of the Department, including 
    regional offices, to experiment and consider programs and policies 
    aimed at reducing barriers to food access for consumers, including 
    but not limited to participants in nutrition assistance programs;
        ``(2) provide outreach to entities engaged in activities to 
    reduce barriers to food access in accordance with the statutory 
    authorization for each program;
        ``(3) provide outreach to entities engaged in activities to 
    reduce barriers to food access, including retailers, markets, 
    producers, and others involved in food production and distribution, 
    with respect to the availability of, and eligibility for, 
    Department programs;
        ``(4) raise awareness of food access issues in interactions 
    with employees of the Department;
        ``(5) make recommendations to the Secretary with respect to 
    efforts to reduce barriers to food access; and
        ``(6) submit to Congress an annual report with respect to the 
    efforts of the Department to reduce barriers to food access.''.
    (b) Technical Assistance.--The Secretary shall provide technical 
assistance to entities that are participants, or seek to participate, 
in Department of Agriculture programs related to reduction of barriers 
to food access.
SEC. 12615. ELIGIBILITY FOR OPERATORS ON HEIRS PROPERTY LAND TO OBTAIN 
A FARM NUMBER.
    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
        (1) Eligible documentation.--The term ``eligible 
    documentation'', with respect to land for which a farm operator 
    seeks assignment of a farm number under subsection (b)(1), 
    includes--
            (A) in States that have adopted a statute consisting of an 
        enactment or adoption of the Uniform Partition of Heirs 
        Property Act, as approved and recommended for enactment in all 
        States by the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform 
        State Laws in 2010--
                (i) a court order verifying the land meets the 
            definition of heirs property (as defined in that Act); or
                (ii) a certification from the local recorder of deeds 
            that the recorded owner of the land is deceased and not 
            less than 1 heir of the recorded owner of the land has 
            initiated a procedure to retitle the land in the name of 
            the rightful heir;
            (B) a fully executed, unrecorded tenancy-in-common 
        agreement that sets out ownership rights and responsibilities 
        among all of the owners of the land that--
                (i) has been approved by a majority of the ownership 
            interests in that property;
                (ii) has given a particular owner the right to manage 
            and control any portion or all of the land for purposes of 
            operating a farm or ranch; and
                (iii) was validly entered into under the authority of 
            the jurisdiction in which the land is located;
            (C) the tax return of a farm operator farming a property 
        with undivided interests for each of the 5 years preceding the 
        date on which the farm operator submits the tax returns as 
        eligible documentation under subsection (b);
            (D) self-certification that the farm operator has control 
        of the land for purposes of operating a farm or ranch; and
            (E) any other documentation identified by the Secretary 
        under subsection (c).
        (2) Farm number.--The term ``farm number'' has the meaning 
    given the term in section 718.2 of title 7, Code of Federal 
    Regulations (as in effect on the date of enactment of this Act).
    (b) Farm Number.--
        (1) In general.--The Secretary shall provide for the assignment 
    of a farm number to any farm operator who provides any form of 
    eligible documentation for purposes of demonstrating that the farm 
    operator has control of the land for purposes of defining that land 
    as a farm.
        (2) Eligibility.--Any farm number provided under paragraph (1) 
    shall be sufficient to satisfy any requirement of the Secretary to 
    have a farm number to participate in a program of the Secretary.
    (c) Eligible Documentation.--The Secretary shall identify 
alternative forms of eligible documentation that a farm operator may 
provide in seeking the assignment of a farm number under subsection 
(b)(1).
SEC. 12616. EXTENDING PROHIBITION ON ANIMAL FIGHTING TO THE 
TERRITORIES.
    (a) In General.--Section 26 of the Animal Welfare Act (7 U.S.C. 
2156) is amended--
        (1) in subsection (a)--
            (A) in paragraph (1), by striking ``Except as provided in 
        paragraph (3), it'' and inserting ``It''; and
            (B) by striking paragraph (3);
        (2) by striking subsection (d); and
        (3) by redesignating subsections (e), (f), (g), (h), (i), and 
    (j) as subsections (d), (e), (f), (g), (h), and (i), respectively.
    (b) Use of Postal Service or Other Interstate Instrumentalities.--
Section 26(c) of the Animal Welfare Act (7 U.S.C. 2156(c)) is amended 
by striking ``(e)'' and inserting ``(d)''.
    (c) Criminal Penalties.--Subsection (i) of section 26 of the Animal 
Welfare Act (7 U.S.C. 2156), as redesignated by section 2(3), is 
amended by striking ``(e)'' and inserting ``(d)''.
    (d) Enforcement of Animal Fighting Prohibitions.--Section 49(a) of 
title 18, United States Code, is amended by striking ``(e)'' and 
inserting ``(d)''.
    (e) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall take 
effect on the date that is one year after the date of the enactment of 
this Act.
SEC. 12617. EXEMPTION OF EXPORTATION OF CERTAIN ECHINODERMS FROM 
PERMISSION AND LICENSING REQUIREMENTS.
    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
        (1) Conservation and management.--The term ``conservation and 
    management'' has the meaning given the term in section 3 of the 
    Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act (16 U.S.C. 
    1802).
        (2) Marine fisheries commission.--The term ``Marine Fisheries 
    Commission'' means an interstate commission (as that term is used 
    in the Interjurisdictional Fisheries Act of 1986 (16 USC 4101 et 
    seq.)).
        (3) State jurisdiction.--The term ``State jurisdiction'' means 
    areas under the jurisdiction and authority of a State as described 
    in section 306(a)(2) of the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation 
    and Management Act (16 U.S.C. 1856(a)(2)).
    (b) Exemption.--Not later than 90 days after the date of enactment 
of this Act, the Director of the United States Fish and Wildlife 
Service shall amend section 14.92 of title 50, Code of Federal 
Regulations, to clarify that--
        (1) except as provided in paragraph (2) and subsection (d)(2)--
            (A) fish and wildlife described in subsection (c) are 
        fishery products exempt from the export permission requirements 
        of section 9(d)(1) of the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 
        U.S.C. 1538(d)(1)); and
            (B) any person may engage in business as an exporter of 
        fish or wildlife described in subsection (c) without 
        procuring--
                (i) permission under section 9(d)(1) of the Endangered 
            Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1538(d)(1)); or
                (ii) an export license under subpart I of part 14 of 
            title 50, Code of Federal Regulations (or successor 
            regulations); and
        (2) notwithstanding paragraph (1), unless the person has 
    qualified for and obtained an export license described in paragraph 
    (1)(B)(ii), any person that has been convicted of 1 or more 
    violations of a Federal law relating to the importation, 
    transportation, or exportation of wildlife shall not be permitted, 
    during the 5-year period beginning on the date of the most recent 
    conviction, to engage in business as an exporter of fish or 
    wildlife described in subsection (c).
    (c) Covered Fish or Wildlife.--The fish or wildlife referred to in 
subsection (b) are members of the species Strongylocentrotus 
droebachiensis (commonly known as the ``green sea urchin''), including 
any products of that species, that--
        (1) do not require a permit under part 16, 17, or 23 of title 
    50, Code of Federal Regulations (or successor regulations);
        (2)(A) are harvested in waters under State jurisdiction; or
        (B) are imported for processing in the United States pursuant 
    to an import license as required under section 14.91 of title 50, 
    Code of Federal Regulations (or a successor regulation), and not 
    exempt from import license requirements under section 14.92 of that 
    title (as in effect on the day before the date of enactment of this 
    Act); and
        (3) are exported for purposes of human or animal consumption.
    (d) Information Collection on Exports.--
        (1) In general.--The State agency that regulates or otherwise 
    oversees a State fishery in which the fish and wildlife described 
    in subsection (c) are harvested shall annually transmit the 
    conservation and management data (as defined in subsection (a)) to 
    the Interstate Fisheries Management Program Policy Board of the 
    applicable Marine Fisheries Commission.
        (2) Privacy.--Such data thereafter shall not be released and 
    shall be maintained as confidential by such applicable Marine 
    Fisheries Commission, including data requested under the section 
    552 of title 5, United States Code, unless disclosure is required 
    under court order or unless the data is essential for an 
    enforcement action under Federal wildlife management laws.
        (3) Exclusion.--The exemption under subsection (b)(1) shall not 
    apply in a State if--
            (A) the State fails to transmit the data required under 
        paragraph (1); or
            (B) the applicable Marine Fisheries Commission determines, 
        in consultation with the primary research agency of such 
        Commission, after notice and an opportunity to comment, that 
        the data required under paragraph (1) fails to prove that the 
        State agency or official is engaged in conservation and 
        management of the fish or wildlife described in subsection (c).
SEC. 12618. DATA ON CONSERVATION PRACTICES.
    Subtitle E of title XII of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 
3841 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:
``SEC. 1247. DATA ON CONSERVATION PRACTICES.
    ``(a) Data on Conservation Practices.--The Secretary shall identify 
available data sets within the Department of Agriculture regarding the 
use of conservation practices and the effect of such practices on farm 
and ranch profitability (including such effects relating to crop 
yields, soil health, and other risk-related factors).
    ``(b) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of 
the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018, the Secretary shall submit to 
the Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the 
Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a 
report that includes--
        ``(1) a summary of the data sets identified under subsection 
    (a);
        ``(2) a summary of the steps the Secretary would have to take 
    to provide access to such data sets by university researchers, 
    including taking into account any technical, privacy, or 
    administrative considerations;
        ``(3) a summary of safeguards the Secretary employs when 
    providing access to data to university researchers;
        ``(4) a summary of appropriate procedures to maximize the 
    potential for research benefits while preventing any violations of 
    privacy or confidentiality; and
        ``(5) recommendations for any necessary authorizations or 
    clarifications of Federal law to allow access to such data sets to 
    maximize the potential for research benefits.''.
SEC. 12619. CONFORMING CHANGES TO CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES ACT.
    (a) In General.--Section 102(16) of the Controlled Substances Act 
(21 U.S.C. 802(16)) is amended--
        (1) by striking ``(16) The'' and inserting ``(16)(A) Subject to 
    subparagraph (B), the''; and
        (2) by striking ``Such term does not include the'' and 
    inserting the following:
    ``(B) The term `marihuana' does not include--
        ``(i) hemp, as defined in section 297A of the Agricultural 
    Marketing Act of 1946; or
        ``(ii) the''.
    (b) Tetrahydrocannabinol.--Schedule I, as set forth in section 
202(c) of the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 812(c)), is amended 
in subsection (c)(17) by inserting after ``Tetrahydrocannabinols'' the 
following: ``, except for tetrahydrocannabinols in hemp (as defined 
under section 297A of the Agricultural Marketing Act of 1946)''.

                               Speaker of the House of Representatives.

                            Vice President of the United States and    
                                               President of the Senate.